title: Atmosphere (music group)

text: The most notable example of such allegories is a character whom Slug refers to as "Lucy," who has been purported to be a symbol of a range of different entities. In earlier Atmosphere songs, it is believed that Slug used Lucy as a means of writing about ex-girlfriends. Lucy became so prominent that Atmosphere's 2001 album bore her name, "Lucy Ford: The Atmosphere EPs", with the record itself concentrating fairly heavily on women and relationships in songs such as "Don't Ever Fucking Question That" and "Mama Had A Baby And His Head Popped Off." The song "Fuck You Lucy" from "God Loves Ugly" has been said to deal with Slug's dependency on alcohol. Slug himself has since said of Lucy that he originally believed "her" to be a representation of the dichotomy between himself and women. He acknowledges now that Lucy became a demonization ("Lucy Ford" being a play on words for Lucifer) of himself and his dependency on alcohol, drugs, sex and validation.


title: Atmosphere (music group)

text: Slug raps in a very introspective style, as seen on the song "Little Man," in which he confronts the complaints that people have about him by looking at his relationship with his father and son. This introspective style became less prevalent with "When Life Gives You Lemons, You Paint That Shit Gold" (2008) in which Slug navigates through other peoples' lives. "When Life Gives You Lemons, You Paint That Shit Gold" has been noted as more of a dark album than previous works. Slug maintains the allegorical stance from previous records in songs such as "Your Glass House" which deals with his emotions towards the war in Iraq under the guise of a person waking up from a hangover.


title: Atmosphere (music group)

text: Slug also dislikes some of the songs that he wrote before and does not perform them live, such as "Vampires" from 2002 album "God Loves Ugly". Daley has stated, "when I did get my phase of trying to figure myself out, there was a lot of tug-of-war inside of me between wanting to hate a particular woman and then feeling guilty about that. And there's certain songs that I won't perform anymore, because the game of tug-of-war is over and I know where I'm at". Furthermore, Slug has criticized Atmosphere's first album "Overcast!", saying: "It's obvious that I'm trying so fucking hard on "Overcast" and you can see through it and tell it's not a person it's more of an attempt at trying to fill the niche, it was like I was trying to prove to myself that I was a rapper."


title: Atmosphere (music group)

text: Slug has also released three albums with Murs from the West Coast hip hop group Living Legends. The idea for "", their first album as a duo, came about while on tour. The two decided to see if they could garner some extra media attention for Ricci by dedicating their album to her, although according to Slug, Ricci has never responded to this or contacted the band. This debut studio album was produced by The Grouch from Living Legends.


title: Atmosphere (music group)

text: Their second collaboration, "", produced by Ant, was released in 2005. Their third Felt album was announced on the duo's MySpace page, leaking the track "Protagonists" from the album and announcing the title ("A Tribute to Rosie Perez"), the release date (November 17, 2009) and the producer, Aesop Rock.


title: Atmosphere (music group)

text: Slug was also part of Deep Puddle Dynamics, along with Anticon artists DoseOne, Alias and Sole. Their only full-length release together was "The Taste of Rain... Why Kneel?". The album was produced by Jel, Ant, Alias and others.


title: Atmosphere (music group)

text: Slug has also appeared on albums by Buckshot of Black Moon and KRS-ONE, Hangar 18, C-Rayz Walz, CunninLynguists, Brother Ali, Eyedea & Abilities, Evidence, Berner, Aesop Rock, Unknown Prophets, KRS-One, Oddjobs, Vakill, DoseOne, Jel, P.O.S, X-Ecutioners, Kanser, Blueprint, Illogic, Heiruspecs, Kristoff Krane, Dem Atlas, Mac Lethal, Jean Grae, Parallel Thought, Static & Nat Ill, Grieves, DJ Vadim, Booka B, El-P, MF Doom, Roosevelt Franklin, Grayskul, Minnesota indie rock band Lifter Puller, Cool-Aide (iCON the Mic King & Chum), Anomaly, AKA Jason Heinrichs and several Living Legends albums as well as Living Legends solo projects such as The CMA. Slug also took time to congratulate DJ Free Leonard on his song "Wise Words Spoken" Featuring CMA (The Grouch and Lucky I AM of the Living Legends) in a now viral moment online.


title: Atmosphere (music group)

text: Atmosphere has been honored with a star on the outside mural of the Minneapolis nightclub First Avenue, recognizing performers that have played sold-out shows or have otherwise demonstrated a major contribution to the culture at the iconic venue. Receiving a star "might be the most prestigious public honor an artist can receive in Minneapolis," according to journalist Steve Marsh.


title: AEW Fight Forever

text: AEW Fight Forever is an upcoming professional wrestling sports video game developed by Yuke's and published by THQ Nordic. The game will be the debut title on home consoles and personal computers from American professional wrestling promotion All Elite Wrestling (AEW). It is scheduled to be released in 2023 for PlayStation 4, PlayStation 5, Microsoft Windows, Xbox One, Xbox Series X/S, and Nintendo Switch.


title: AEW Fight Forever

text: "Fight Forever" features arcade-style gameplay, with nine match types in the launch version. These include singles match, tag team match, ladder match, Casino Battle Royale, and Exploding Barbed Wire Deathmatch. The game also features online play and intergender wrestling, the first Yuke's game since "WWE SmackDown vs. Raw 2009" to do so.


title: AEW Fight Forever

text: The game features a full creation suite, including wrestlers, movesets, entrances, and arenas. A career mode will allow players to take their own created wrestler through the AEW schedule. "Fight Forever" will also feature a variety of mini-games. During November 10, 2020, at the AEW Games 1.0 Special Event, Kenny Omega confirmed that the game would be a spiritual successor to games like "WWF No Mercy" and "Virtual Pro Wrestling", with gameplay in the style and veins as the AKI engine that ran those games.


title: AEW Fight Forever

text: The game was announced on November 10, 2020, at the AEW Games 1.0 Special Event. The reveal trailer featured AEW wrestlers Kenny Omega, Chris Jericho, and Hikaru Shida. Hideyuki "Geta" Iwashita, director of "WWF No Mercy" and "WCW/nWo Revenge", was also announced to be involved in an undisclosed role. In June 2021, the first in-development gameplay video was released, including the reveal of Darby Allin. In September, another short gameplay video featuring Jungle Boy was released. In February 2022, Kenny Omega stated that the game would feature cross-platform play.


title: AEW Fight Forever

text: Following the April 21, 2022 taping of "AEW Dynamite", AEW founder Tony Khan told the live crowd that the title of the video game would be "AEW: Fight Forever". This was later confirmed on May 4, 2022, with the release of gameplay videos featuring Kris Statlander and Nyla Rose. In June 2022, Omega stated in an interview with Fightful that the game was tentatively scheduled to release later that year. Omega later confirmed that the game would be published by THQ Nordic.


title: AEW Fight Forever

text: On August 3, 2022, AEW and THQ Nordic released an official teaser for the game, along with the cover art featuring CM Punk, Britt Baker, Kenny Omega, Chris Jericho, Jon Moxley, and Jade Cargill. However, due to CM Punk being suspended indefinitely following a backstage altercation at All Out, a new cover art without him was revealed in November, additionally featuring Sting, MJF, Orange Cassidy, Bryan Danielson, and "Hangman" Adam Page, alongside the wrestlers of the previous cover art.


title: AEW Fight Forever

text: On August 12, 2022, a trailer at the THQ Nordic Digital Showcase featuring Britt Baker and Tony Schiavone was revealed, which one-on-one gameplay, as well as a look at the different mini-games in "Fight Forever". It was also announced that a demo of the game would be playable at Gamescom, winning the award for Best Sports Game at the event. On September 15, 2022, a demo was also playable at the Tokyo Game Show.


title: Family medicine

text: Family medicine is a medical specialty within primary care that provides continuing and comprehensive health care for the individual and family across all ages, genders, diseases, and parts of the body. The specialist, who is usually a primary care physician, is named a family physician. It is often referred to as general practice and a practitioner as a general practitioner. Historically, their role was once performed by any doctor with qualifications from a medical school and who works in the community. However, since the 1950s, family medicine / general practice has become a specialty in its own right, with specific training requirements tailored to each country. The names of the specialty emphasize its holistic nature and/or its roots in the family. It is based on knowledge of the patient in the context of the family and the community, focusing on disease prevention and health promotion. According to the World Organization of Family Doctors (WONCA), the aim of family medicine is "promoting personal, comprehensive and continuing care for the individual in the context of the family and the community". The issues of values underlying this practice are usually known as primary care ethics.


title: Family medicine

text: Family physicians in the United States must hold either an M.D. or a D.O. degree. Physicians who specialize in family medicine must successfully complete an accredited three or four year long family medicine residency in the United States in addition to their medical degree. They are then eligible to sit for a board certification examination, which is now required by most hospitals and health plans. American Board of Family Medicine requires its diplomates to maintain certification through an ongoing process of continuing medical education, medical knowledge review, patient care oversight through chart audits, practice-based learning through quality improvement projects and retaking the board certification examination every 7 to 10 years. The American Osteopathic Board of Family Physicians requires its diplomates to maintain certification and undergo the process of recertification every 8 years.


title: Family medicine

text: Physicians certified in family medicine in Canada are certified through the College of Family Physicians of Canada, after two years of additional education. Continuing education is also a requirement for maintenance of certification.


title: Family medicine

text: The term "family medicine" or "family physician" is used in the United States, Mexico, South America, many European and Asian countries. In Sweden, certification in family medicine requires five years working with a tutor, after the medical degree. In India, those who want to specialize in family medicine must complete a three-year family medicine residency, after their medical degree (MBBS). They are awarded either a D.N.B. or an M.D. in family medicine. Similar systems exist in other countries.


title: Family medicine

text: General practice is the term used in many other nations, such as the United Kingdom, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa. Such services are provided by general practitioners. The term "primary care" in the UK may also include services provided by community pharmacy, optometrist, dental surgery and community hearing care providers. The balance of care between primary care and secondary care - which usually refers to hospital based services - varies from place to place, and with time. In many countries there are initiatives to move services out of hospitals into the community, in the expectation that this will save money and be more convenient.


title: Family medicine

text: Family physicians deliver a range of acute, chronic, and preventive medical care services. In addition to diagnosing and treating illness, they also provide preventive care, including routine checkups, health-risk assessments, immunization and screening tests, and personalized counselling on maintaining a healthy lifestyle. Family physicians also manage chronic illness, often coordinating care provided by other sub-specialists. Many American Family Physicians deliver babies and provide prenatal care. In the U.S., family physicians treat more patients with back pain than any other physician sub-specialist, and about as many as orthopedists and neurosurgeons combined.


title: Family medicine

text: Family medicine and family physicians play a vital role in the healthcare system of a country. In the U.S. for example, nearly one in four of all office visits are made to family physicians. That is 208 million office visits each year — nearly 83 million more than the next largest medical specialty. Today, family physicians provide more care for America’s underserved and rural populations than any other medical specialty.


title: Family medicine

text: In Canada, aspiring family physicians are expected to complete a residency in family medicine from an accredited university after obtaining their Doctor of Medicine degree. Although the residency usually has a duration of two years, graduates may apply to complete a third year, leading to a certification from the College of Family Physicians of Canada in disciplines such as emergency medicine, palliative care, care of the elderly, sports and exercise medicine, and women's health, amongst others.


title: Family medicine

text: In some institutions, such as McGill University in Montreal, graduates from family medicine residency programs are eligible to complete a master's degree and a Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) in family medicine, which predominantly consists of a research-oriented program.


title: Family medicine

text: Concern for family health and medicine in the United States existed as far back as the early 1930s and 40s. The American public health advocate Bailey Barton Burritt was labeled "the father of the family health movement" by "The New York Times" in 1944.


title: Family medicine

text: Following World War II, two main concerns shaped the advent of family medicine. First, medical specialties and subspecialties increased in popularity, having an adverse effect on the number of physicians in general practice. At the same time, many medical advances were being made and there was concern within the "general practitioner" or "GP" population that four years of medical school plus a one-year internship was no longer adequate preparation for the breadth of medical knowledge required of the profession. Many of these doctors wanted to see a residency program added to their training; this would not only give them additional training, knowledge, and prestige but would allow for board certification, which was increasingly required to gain hospital privileges. In February 1969, family medicine (then known as family practice) was recognized as a distinct specialty in the U.S. It was the twentieth specialty to be recognized.


title: Family medicine

text: Family physicians complete an undergraduate degree, medical school, and three more years of specialized medical residency training in family medicine. Their residency training includes rotations in internal medicine, pediatrics, obstetrics-gynecology, psychiatry, surgery, emergency medicine, and geriatrics, in addition to electives in a wide range of other disciplines. Residents also must provide care for a panel of continuity patients in an outpatient "model practice" for the entire period of residency. The specialty focuses on treating the whole person, acknowledging the effects of all outside influences, through all stages of life. Family physicians will see anyone with any problem, but are experts in common problems. Many family physicians deliver babies in addition to taking care of patients of all ages.


title: Family medicine

text: In order to become board certified, family physicians must complete a residency in family medicine, possess a full and unrestricted medical license, and take a written cognitive examination. Between 2003 and 2009, the process for maintenance of board certification in family medicine is being changed (as well as all other American Specialty Boards) to a series of yearly tests on differing areas. The American Board of Family Medicine, as well as other specialty boards, are requiring additional participation in continuous learning and self-assessment to enhance clinical knowledge, expertise and skills. The Board has created a program called the "Maintenance of Certification Program for Family Physicians" (MC-FP) which will require family physicians to continuously demonstrate proficiency in four areas of clinical practice: professionalism, self-assessment/lifelong learning, cognitive expertise, and performance in practice. Three hundred hours of continuing medical education within the prior six years is also required to be eligible to sit for the exam.


title: Family medicine

text: Family physicians may pursue fellowships in several fields, including adolescent medicine, geriatric medicine, sports medicine, sleep medicine, hospital medicine and hospice and palliative medicine. The American Board of Family Medicine and the American Osteopathic Board of Family Medicine both offer Certificates of Added Qualifications (CAQs) in each of these topics.


title: Family medicine

text: Many sources cite a shortage of family physicians (and also other primary care providers, i.e. internists, pediatricians, and general practitioners). The per capita supply of primary care physicians has increased about 1 percent per year since 1998. A recent decrease in the number of M.D. graduates pursuing a residency in primary care has been offset by the number of D.O. graduates and graduates of international medical schools (IMGs) who enter primary care residencies. Still, projections indicate that by 2020 the demand for family physicians will exceed their supply.


title: Family medicine

text: The number of students entering family medicine residency training has fallen from a high of 3,293 in 1998 to 1,172 in 2008, according to National Residency Matching Program data. Fifty-five family medicine residency programs have closed since 2000, while only 28 programs have opened.


title: Family medicine

text: In 2006, when the nation had 100,431 family physicians, a workforce report by the American Academy of Family Physicians indicated the United States would need 139,531 family physicians by 2020 to meet the need for primary medical care. To reach that figure 4,439 family physicians must complete their residencies each year, but currently, the nation is attracting only half the number of future family physicians that will be needed.


title: Family medicine

text: To address this shortage, leading family medicine organizations launched an initiative in 2018 to ensure that by 2030, 25% of combined US allopathic and osteopathic medical school seniors select family medicine as their specialty. The initiative is termed the “25 x 2030 Student Choice Collaborative,” and the following eight family medicine organizations have committed resources to reaching this goal:


title: Family medicine

text: The waning interest in family medicine in the U.S. is likely due to several factors, including the lesser prestige associated with the specialty, the lesser pay, and the increasingly frustrating practice environment. Salaries for family physicians in the United States are lower than average for physicians, with the average being $225,000. However, when faced with debt from medical school, most medical students are opting for the higher-paying specialties. Potential ways to increase the number of medical students entering family practice include providing relief from medical education debt through loan-repayment programs and restructuring fee-for-service reimbursement for health care services. Family physicians are trained to manage acute and chronic health issues for an individual simultaneously, yet their appointment slots may average only ten minutes.


title: Family medicine

text: In addition to facing a shortage of personnel, physicians in family medicine experience some of the highest rates of burnout among medical specialties, at 47 percent.


title: Family medicine

text: Most family physicians in the US practice in solo or small-group private practices or as hospital employees in practices of similar sizes owned by hospitals. However, the specialty is broad and allows for a variety of career options including education, emergency medicine or urgent care, inpatient medicine, international or wilderness medicine, public health, sports medicine, and research. Others choose to practice as consultants to various medical institutions, including insurance companies.


title: Family medicine

text: The pattern of services in the UK was largely established by the National Insurance Act 1911 which established the list system which came from the friendly societies across the country. Every patient was entitled to be on the list, or panel of a general practitioner. In 1911 that only applied to those who paid National insurance contributions. In 1938, 43% of the adult population was covered by a panel doctor. When the National Health Service was established in 1948 this extended to the whole population. The practice would be responsible for the patient record which was kept in a "Lloyd George envelope" and would be transferred if necessary to another practice if the patient changed practice. In the UK, unlike many other countries, patients do not normally have direct access to hospital consultants and the GP controls access to secondary care.


title: Family medicine

text: Practices were generally small, often single handed, operating from the doctor's home and often with the doctor's wife acting as a receptionist. When the NHS was established in 1948 there were plans for the building of health centres, but few were built.


title: Family medicine

text: In 1953, general practitioners were estimated to be making between 12 and 30 home visits each day and seeing between 15 and 50 patients in their surgeries.


title: Family medicine

text: Today, the services are provided under the General Medical Services Contract, which is regularly revised.


title: Family medicine

text: 599 GP practices closed between 2010–11 and 2014–15, while 91 opened and average practice list size increased from 6,610 to 7,171. In 2016 there were 7,613 practices in England, 958 in Scotland, 454 in Wales and 349 in Northern Ireland. There were 7,435 practices in England and the average practice list size in June 2017 was 7,860. There were 1.35 million patients over 85. There has been a great deal of consolidation into larger practices, especially in England. Lakeside Healthcare was the largest practice in England in 2014, with 62 partners and more than 100,000 patients. Maintaining general practices in isolated communities has become very challenging, and calls on very different skills and behaviour from that required in large practices where there is increasing specialization. By 1 October 2018, 47 GP practices in England had a list size of 30,000 or more and the average list size had reached 8,420. In 2019 the average number of registered patients per GP in England has risen since 2018 by 56 to 2,087.


title: Family medicine

text: The British Medical Association in 2019 conducted a survey for GP premises. About half of the 1,011 respondents thought their surgeries were not suitable for present needs, and 78% said they would not be able to handle expected future demands.


title: Family medicine

text: Under the pressure of the Coronavirus epidemic in 2020 general practice shifted very quickly to remote working, something which had been progressing very slowly up to that point. In the Hurley Group Clare Gerada reported that "99% of all our work is now online" using a digital triage system linked to the patient's electronic patient record which processes up to 3000 consultations per hour. Video calling is used to “see” patients if that is needed.


title: Family medicine

text: The GP Forward View, published by NHS England in 2016 promised £2.4 billion (14%) real-terms increase in the budget for general practice. Jeremy Hunt pledged to increase the number of doctors working in general practice by 5,000. There are 3,250 trainee places available in 2017. The GP Career Plus scheme is intended to retain GPs aged over 55 in the profession by providing flexible roles such as providing cover, carrying out specific work such as managing long-term conditions, or doing home visits. In July Simon Stevens announced a programme designed to recruit around 2,000 GPs from the EU and possibly New Zealand and Australia. According to NHS Improvement a 1% deterioration in access to general practice can produce a 10% deterioration in emergency department figures.


title: Family medicine

text: GPs are increasingly employing pharmacists to manage the increasingly complex medication regimes of an aging population. In 2017 more than 1,061 practices were employing pharmacists, following the rollout of NHS England’s Clinical Pharmacists in General Practice programme. There are also moves to employ care navigators, sometimes an enhanced role for a receptionist, to direct patients to different services such as pharmacy and physiotherapy if a doctor is not needed. In September 2017 270 trained care navigators covering 64,000 patients had been employed across Wakefield. It was estimated that they had saved 930 GP hours over a 10-month trial.


title: Family medicine

text: Four NHS trusts: Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust; Yeovil District Hospital NHS Foundation Trust; Royal Wolverhampton NHS Trust; and Southern Health NHS Foundation Trust have taken over multiple GP practices in the interests of integration.


title: Family medicine

text: According to the Local Government Association 57 million GP consultations in England in 2015 were for minor conditions and illnesses, 5.2 million of them for blocked noses. According to the King's Fund between 2014 and 2017 the number of telephone and face-to-face contacts between patients and GPs rose by 7.5% although GP numbers have stagnated. The mean consultation length in the UK has increased steadily over time from around 5 minutes in the 1950s to around 9·22 minutes in 2013–2014. This is shorter than the mean consultation length in a number of other developed countries around the world.


title: Family medicine

text: The proportion of patients in England waiting longer than seven days to see a GP rose from 12.8% in 2012 to 20% in 2017. There were 307 million GP appointments, about a million each working day, with more on Mondays, in the year from November 2017. 40% got a same-day appointment. 2.8 million patients, 10.3%, in October 2018, compared to 9.4% in November 2017, did not see the doctor until at least 21 days after they had booked their appointment, and 1.4 million waited for more than 28 days. More than a million people each month failed to turn up for their appointment.


title: Family medicine

text: Commercial providers are rare in the UK but a private GP service was established at Poole Road Medical Centre in Bournemouth in 2017 where patients can pay to skip waiting lists to see a doctor.


title: Family medicine

text: GP at Hand, an online service using Babylon Health's app, was launched in November 2017 by the Lillie Road Health Centre, a conventional GP practice in west London. It recruited 7000 new patients in its first month, of which 89.6% were between 20 and 45 years old. The service was widely criticized by GPs for cherry picking. Patients with long term medical conditions or who might need home visits were actively discouraged from joining the service. Richard Vautrey warned that it risked 'undermining the quality and continuity of care and further fragmenting the service provided to the public'.


title: Family medicine

text: The COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom led to a sudden move to remote working. In March 2020 the proportion of telephone appointments increased by over 600%.


title: Family medicine

text: 85% of patients rate their overall experience of primary care as good in 2016, but practices run by limited companies operating on APMS contracts (a small minority) performed worse on four out of five key indicators - frequency of consulting a preferred doctor, ability to get a convenient appointment, rating of doctor communication skills, ease of contacting the practice by telephone and overall experience.


title: Family medicine

text: There have been particularly acute problems in general practice in Northern Ireland as it has proved very difficult to recruit doctors in rural practices. The British Medical Association collected undated resignation letters in 2017 from GPs who threatened to leave the NHS and charge consultation fees. They demanded increased funding, more recruitment and improved computer systems.


title: Family medicine

text: A new GP contract was announced in June 2018 by the Northern Ireland Department of Health. It included funding for practice-based pharmacists, an extra £1 million for increased indemnity costs, £1.8 million because of population growth, and £1.5 million for premises upgrades.


title: Family medicine

text: In Ireland there are about 2,500 General Practitioners working in group practices, primary care centres, single practices and health centres.


title: Family medicine

text: General Practice services in Australia are funded under the Medicare Benefits Scheme (MBS) which is a public health insurance scheme. Australians need a referral from the GP to be able to access specialist care. Most general practitioners work in a general practitioner practice (GPP) with other GPs supported by practice nurses and administrative staff. There is a move to incorporate other health professionals such as pharmacists in to general practice to provide an integrated multidisciplinary healthcare team to deliver primary care.


title: Family medicine

text: Family medicine (FM) came to be recognized as a medical specialty in India only in the late 1990s. According to the National Health Policy – 2002, there is an acute shortage of specialists in family medicine. As family physicians play a very important role in providing affordable and universal health care to people, the Government of India is now promoting the practice of family medicine by introducing post-graduate training through DNB (Diplomate National Board) programs.


title: Family medicine

text: There is a severe shortage of postgraduate training seats, causing a lot of struggle, hardship and a career bottleneck for newly qualified doctors just passing out of medical school. The Family Medicine Training seats should ideally fill this gap and allow more doctors to pursue family medicine careers. However, the uptake, awareness and development of this specialty is slow.


title: Family medicine

text: Although family medicine is sometimes called general practice, they are not identical in India. A medical graduate who has successfully completed the Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery (MBBS), course and has been registered with Indian Medical Council or any state medical council is considered a general practitioner. A family physician, however, is a primary care physician who has completed specialist training in the discipline of family medicine.


title: Family medicine

text: The Medical Council of India requires three-year residency for family medicine specialty, leading to the award of Doctor of Medicine (MD) in Family Medicine or Diplomate of National Board (DNB) in Family Medicine.


title: Family medicine

text: The National Board of Examinations conducts family medicine residency programmes at the teaching hospitals that it accredits. On successful completion of a three-year residency, candidates are awarded Diplomate of National Board (Family Medicine). The curriculum of DNB (FM) comprises: (1) medicine and allied sciences; (2) surgery and allied sciences; (3) maternal and child health; (4) basic sciences and community health. During their three-year residency, candidates receive integrated inpatient and outpatient learning. They also receive field training at community health centres and clinics.


title: Family medicine

text: The Medical Council of India permits accredited medical colleges (medical schools) to conduct a similar residency programme in family medicine. On successful completion of three-year residency, candidates are awarded Doctor of Medicine (Family Medicine). A few of the AIIMS institutes have also started a course called MD in community and family medicine in recent years. Even though there is an acute shortage of qualified family physicians in India, further progress has been slow.


title: Family medicine

text: The Indian Medical Association’s College of General Practitioners, offers a one-year Diploma in Family Medicine (DFM), a distance education programme of the Postgraduate Institute of Medicine, University of Colombo, Sri Lanka, for doctors with minimum five years of experience in general practice. Since the Medical Council of India requires three-year residency for family medicine specialty, these diplomas are not recognized qualifications in India.


title: Family medicine

text: As India's need for primary and secondary levels of health care is enormous, medical educators have called for systemic changes to include family medicine in the undergraduate medical curriculum.


title: Family medicine

text: Recently, the residency-trained family physicians have formed the Academy of Family Physicians of India (AFPI). AFPI is the academic association of family physicians with formal full-time residency training (DNB Family Medicine) in Family medicine. Currently there are about two hundred family medicine residency training sites accredited by the National Board of Examination India, providing around 700 training posts annually. However, there are various issues like academic acceptance, accreditation, curriculum development, uniform training standards, faculty development, research in primary care, "etc." in need of urgent attention for family medicine to flourish as an academic specialty in India. The government of India has declared Family Medicine as focus area of human resource development in health sector in the National Health Policy 2002 There is discussion ongoing to employ multi-skilled doctors with DNB family medicine qualification against specialist posts in NRHM (National Rural Health Mission).


title: Family medicine

text: Three possible models of how family physicians will practise their specialty in India might evolve, namely (1) private practice, (2) practising at primary care clinics/hospitals, (3) practising as consultants at secondary/tertiary care hospitals.


title: Family medicine

text: A group of 15 doctors based in Birmingham have set up a social enterprise company - Pathfinder Healthcare - which plans to build eight primary health centres in India on the British model of general practice. According to Dr Niti Pall, primary health care is very poorly developed in India. These centres will be run commercially. Patients will be charged ₹200 to 300 for an initial consultation, and prescribed only generic drugs, dispensed from attached pharmacies.


title: Family medicine

text: Family medicine was first recognized as specialty in 2015 and currently has approximately 500 certified family doctors. The Japanese government has made a commitment to increase the number of family doctors in an effort to improve the cost-effectiveness and quality of primary care in light of increasing health care costs. The Japan Primary Care Association (JPCA) is currently the largest academic association of family doctors in Japan. The JPCA family medicine training scheme consists of a three-year programme following the two-year internship. The Japanese Medical Specialty Board define the standard of the specialty training programme for board-certified family doctors. Japan has a free access healthcare system meaning patients can bypass primary care services. In addition to family medicine specialists Japan also has ~100,000 organ-specialist primary care clinics. The doctors working in these clinics do not typically have formal training in family medicine. In 2012, the mean consultation length in a family medicine clinic was 10.2 minutes. A review literature has recently been published detailing the context, structure, process, and outcome of family medicine in Japan.


title: Andy Nyman

text: Nyman was born on 13 April 1966 in Leicester, Leicestershire. His first noteworthy performance was in 2000 as Keith Whitehead in "Dead Babies", an adaptation of the Martin Amis novel of the same name. Soon after he appeared alongside Jon Voight, David Schwimmer and Leelee Sobieski in Jon Avnet's 2001 Emmy award-winning film "Uprising" as a Polish-Jewish freedom fighter.


title: Andy Nyman

text: His next film role was in the 2003 film "Coney Island Baby" as a gay French gun dealer. In 2006 he appeared in horror-comedy "Severance", Herman Brood biopic "Wild Romance" and British romcom "Are You Ready for Love?". That same year Nyman won the award for best actor at the 2006 Cherbourg-Octeville Festival of Irish & British Film for his role as Colin Frampton in "Shut Up and Shoot Me". In 2007, Nyman appeared as one of the leads in the Frank Oz film "Death at a Funeral," starring opposite Matthew Macfadyen, Ewen Bremner and Keely Hawes. In 2008, he starred as Patrick, a sleazy reality show producer, in Charlie Brooker's E4 horror satire "Dead Set", and appeared in BBC Four's supernatural drama series "Crooked House".


title: Andy Nyman

text: He portrayed the recurring character Jonty de Wolf in Channel 4's semi-improvised show "Campus". In 2013, Nyman appeared in "Kick-Ass 2", as "The Tumor." He did voice over work for the series "Sarah & Duck" and "Chuggington", and portrayed a young Winston Churchill in the BBC drama "Peaky Blinders". In 2014 Nyman played the role of Charles Guiteau in the Stephen Sondheim musical "Assassins" at the Menier Chocolate Factory, and appeared in the film "Automata" with Antonio Banderas and Dylan McDermott.


title: Andy Nyman

text: In 2014, Nyman was one of 200 public figures who were signatories to a letter to "The Guardian" opposing Scottish independence in the run-up to September's referendum on that issue.


title: Andy Nyman

text: As an accomplished magician and mentalist, Nyman has frequently collaborated with psychological illusionist Derren Brown. He is the co-creator and co-writer of the television shows "Derren Brown – Mind Control" and "Trick of the Mind". He and Brown wrote "Russian Roulette", "", and "Messiah", as well as three series of "Trick of the Mind". He also co-wrote and co-directed four of Brown's stage shows, all of which have toured and played the West End. For "Something Wicked This Way Comes" they were awarded the 2006 Olivier Award for Best Entertainment.


title: Andy Nyman

text: Their fourth show "Enigma" was also nominated for Olivier Award 2010, and he was nominated for the Lew Grade Award at the 2007 BAFTA Awards for his work on "Derren Brown: The Heist" (alongside collaborators Derren Brown, Simon Mills and Ben Caron). Nyman shares some of his magic "know-how" in the DVD, "Insane". Their latest collaboration is entitled "Sacrifice", which opened in March 2015 in the UK, and was premiered on Netflix in 2018.


title: Andy Nyman

text: Nyman is co-creator of the long-running horror stage-play "Ghost Stories". The show opened at the Liverpool Playhouse on 4 February 2010; from there it moved to the Lyric Theatre Hammersmith, before transferring to the Duke of York's Theatre in the West End, opening on 25 June 2010.


title: Andy Nyman

text: Since then it has played in Moscow and Toronto, and was nominated for two Olivier Awards in 2011, Best Sound and Best Entertainment. Nyman and Jeremy Dyson co-wrote the show and co-directed it along with Sean Holmes. The stage play "Ghost Stories" finished after 1,000 shows in the Duke of York's, on 15 March 2015.


title: Inez and Vinoodh

text: Inez van Lamsweerde (born 25 September 1963) and Vinoodh Matadin (born 29 September 1961) are a Dutch-American fashion photographer duo, whose work has been featured in fashion magazines and advertising campaigns. They also produce independent art work.


title: Inez and Vinoodh

text: Working together since 1986, the partnership has staged exhibitions and collaborative projects and participated in international group shows. Inez and Vinoodh live in New York with their son, Charles Star Matadin.


title: Inez and Vinoodh

text: Inez and Vinoodh met at the Fashion Academy Vogue in their hometown, Amsterdam, where they both initially studied fashion design—Vinoodh from 1981 to 1985 and Inez from 1983 to 1985. Inez took a master's degree in photography at the Gerrit Rietveld Academie (1985–1990) and Vinoodh founded the Lawina clothing line with his classmate Rick Bovendeert. A commission for Inez to photograph the 1986 Lawina collection led to Vinoodh beginning to work with her, first as a stylist and eventually in 1995 as co-author of the images they produce together. The Lawina label closed in 1990 when Inez graduated and the pair began practicing as artists.


title: Inez and Vinoodh

text: The duo have also shot campaigns for Christian Dior, Calvin Klein, GIADA and Miu Miu, as well as Louis Vuitton under creative director Virgil Abloh. In 2015, they shot the single cover for "Only One", a collaboration between Kanye West and Paul McCartney, along with directing the video for "FourFiveSeconds", a song by Rihanna, featuring West and McCartney.


title: Inez and Vinoodh

text: Since 1999 they work regularly with Icelandic polymath Björk working on several music videos and high profile magazine editorials. In February 2019, they released a jewelry collaboration with Mene, a brand co-founded by Pablo Picasso's granddaughter, Diana Widmaier Picasso. They also released a line of jewelry with New York brand Ten Thousand Things.


title: Inez and Vinoodh

text: Inez and Vinoodh returned to New York permanently in 1995. Their list of editorial contributions includes fashion titles "Vogue", "Paris Vogue", "Vogue Italia", "W", "Visionaire", "Vanity Fair", "Harper's Bazaar", "L'Uomo Vogue", "Vogue Hommes International", "Vogue Nippon" and "Vogue China" as well as style magazines "Purple Fashion", "Interview", "V", "V Man", "Self Service", "Another", "Pop", "i-D", "Fantastic Man", and "The Gentlewoman".


title: Inez and Vinoodh

text: The duo have shot supermodel Kate Moss while dancing to Michael Jackson's "Billie Jean" on film; they also directed Lady Gaga's 2013 music video for "Applause". They shot the single cover for "Applause" and shot single covers for other songs from Gaga's album "Artpop". They were featured in her ArtRave and shot "An Artpop Film".


title: Inez and Vinoodh

text: In 2010, "Pretty Much Everything: Photographs 1985–2010," a retrospective exhibition of 300 works from 25 years' work was staged at FOAM Fotografiemuseum in Amsterdam. The show began its international tour in summer 2011 at the Bienal Pavilion in São Paulo, Brazil.


title: Inez and Vinoodh

text: In 2011, Inez and Vinoodh's monograph, "Pretty Much Everything" was released. Designed in collaboration with M/M (Paris), it was published by Taschen in 2 volumes, each containing 333 pages and a pocket book size reader featuring essays and fiction by Michael Bracewell, Antony Hegarty, Penny Martin, Glenn O'Brien, Bruce Sterling and Olivier Zahm, and with lyrics by Björk and Lady Gaga.


title: Peter Wyngarde

text: Peter Paul Wyngarde (born Cyril Goldbert, 23 August 1927 – 15 January 2018) was a British television, stage and film actor from the late 1940s to the mid 1990s. He was best known for portraying the character Jason King, a bestselling novelist turned sleuth, in two television series: "Department S" (1969–70) and "Jason King" (1971–72). His flamboyant dress sense and stylish performances led to success, and he was considered a style icon in Britain and elsewhere in the early 1970s.


title: Peter Wyngarde

text: According to his own account, he was born on 23 August 1933 to a French mother and a British father at an aunt's home in Marseille, France.


title: Peter Wyngarde

text: Like many actors and other celebrities, Wyngarde changed his name and claimed to be younger than he was. He also cited a false family background by changing his father's name and profession and both his parents' nationalities and their ethnic origins, and he would also fabricate a false education and work history of his early years in the UK. He maintained these versions of his biography until his death at 90 in 2018. "The Guardian" newspaper said in March 2020 that "his life story is shrouded in mystery".


title: Peter Wyngarde

text: His 2018 death certificate states that he was born on 23 August 1927. Most reports of his death in January 2018 concur and say that he was 90 years old when he died. A biography published in 2020 which claimed to draw on personal knowledge of the subject gave his date of birth as 28 (not 23) August 1928. Most formal official sources cite 1927 as his year of birth, but other more informal sources have reported a range of birth years from 1924 to 1937. In a 1993 interview Wyngarde claimed not to know his own age.


title: Peter Wyngarde

text: His death certificate records his birthplace as Singapore and on immigration documents related to two trips to the United States in 1960 Wyngarde stated his place of birth was Singapore. However, during a subsequent visit to Singapore in 1972 he denied having previously been there. Throughout his life Wyngarde always cited Marseille as his place of birth, and this is repeated in the biography published in 2020.


title: Peter Wyngarde

text: Passenger records of Peter Wyngarde's journey to the UK in 1945 and a biography published in 2020 name his father as a British merchant seaman called Henry Goldbert (1897–1945). Henry Goldbert was of Russian ethnicity and born in present day Ukraine. He grew up in British Malaya, where he became a naturalised British citizen. Wyngarde had claimed that Henry Goldbert was his stepfather, and that his birth father was an Englishman named Henry Wyngarde who had a prestigious career in the British Diplomatic Service in Hong Kong, Malaya, Singapore and India, before becoming an importer-exporter of antique watches living in Eaton Square, London. No such person appears in any public records in the UK or anywhere in the world. Despite being named as Wyngarde's next of kin on the passenger manifest, Henry Goldbert appears to have died in the US in October 1945, a few weeks before his son arrived in the UK from Shanghai.


title: Peter Wyngarde

text: Peter Wyngarde's mother was Margherita Goldbert, Ahin (1908–1992), known as Madge. In interviews he always said she was French. She appears to have been born to a Eurasian family from Singapore. She and Henry Goldbert divorced in 1937.


title: Peter Wyngarde

text: Wyngarde had two younger siblings: Henry Goldbert Jr, known as Joe (1930–2011) and Marion Goldbert Wells (1932–2012). They would move to England in 1946, shortly after Wyngarde did, but the 2020 biography says that he chose to have very little further contact with them or their children. Henry Jr's sons were executors of Wyngarde's estate, possibly against his wishes.


title: Peter Wyngarde

text: After Peter Wyngarde's parents divorced, his mother is said to have married Charles Léo Juvet of the Shanghai-based Swiss horological family through whom she gained Swiss citizenship. His stepfather appears to have inspired Wyngarde's later claims that his father was a dealer of antique watches, and that he was a maternal nephew of the French actor-director Louis Jouvet. Madge MacAulay does not appear to have been Louis Jouvet's sister or sister-in-law and moreover the French Louis Jouvet appears to be unrelated to the Swiss Juvet family.


title: Peter Wyngarde

text: In 1947 Madge married John MacAulay, known as Ian, in Shanghai, at which time her legal name was recorded as her first married name Marcheritta [sic] Goldbert. She lived in Johor, Malaysia until her husband retired and they moved to his home town of Stornoway, Scotland. After his mother's marriage to Ian MacAulay, Wyngarde would sometimes use his stepfather's surname.


title: Peter Wyngarde

text: Interviewed in 1973, Wyngarde said: "As a child it was difficult to differentiate sometimes between fact and fantasy." He often spoke about his traumatic early life. Wyngarde told an interviewer that after his parents' divorce his father took him to China "only months before war with China broke out" in the summer of 1937. He spoke about living in Shanghai when the Japanese Army took over the Shanghai International Settlement on 8 December 1941. Correspondence held in the UK's National Archives shows that in 1942 Henry Goldbert's three children including 15-year-old Cyril were living in Shanghai and that efforts were being made by the UK's Ministry of War Transport, the Prisoners of War Department and various boarding schools to facilitate the children's repatriation to the UK, but that Cyril could not be accommodated because of his age.


title: Peter Wyngarde

text: In April 1943, he was interned in the Lunghua civilian internment camp. In one interview in the 1970s, Wyngarde says that he was interned as an unaccompanied 5-year-old due to an administrative error, but this appears to be age fabrication since records show that he was interned from age 15 to just before his 18th birthday. He began acting during his internment when he played all the characters in a version of "Doctor Jekyll and Mr Hyde".


title: Peter Wyngarde

text: Following the Surrender of Japan, the internment camps were liberated in August 1945. Cyril Goldbert left Shanghai that autumn and travelled to the UK on the Cunard-White Star Line ship "Arawa". Passenger records show that he travelled alone, aged 18, and arrived in Southampton on 14 December 1945. He later claimed that the ship had arrived in Liverpool not Southampton, and that he was personally greeted by King George VI.


title: Peter Wyngarde

text: The British author J. G. Ballard was also interned at the Lunghua camp and he travelled to the UK with Wyngarde and other former internees. In 1995, he wrote:


title: Peter Wyngarde

text: Wyngarde always denied knowing Ballard or said he could not remember, but in an undated letter published by his biographer in 2020 he confirms that he knew Ballard.


title: Peter Wyngarde

text: His own accounts of his life after leaving Shanghai for England appear to have been embellished with a prestigious and false history of education, travel and work. In part, this helped account for the six-year gap created by his claim to have been a 12-year-old boy when he left Shanghai, not a man of 18 as the passenger manifest says. He claimed to have spent two years in a Swiss sanatorium recovering from his war experiences before attending public schools in England, France and/or Switzerland, after which he claimed to have studied in the Faculty of Law, University of Oxford for three months, and to have worked in a London advertising agency for a while before starting work as a professional actor. Little or none of this can be true because it is clear that Wyngarde arrived in the UK from Shanghai aged 18 in December 1945 and began his professional acting career in early 1946 just a few months later.


title: Peter Wyngarde

text: Having changed his name from Cyril Goldbert to Peter Wyngarde on arrival in the UK in December 1945, within a few months he began his professional acting career. He first appeared at the Buxton Playhouse in 1946, and the following year in a production of Noël Coward's "Present Laughter" at the Theatre Royal, Birmingham. He appeared with Alec Guinness in "Hamlet" in London in 1951, and with Siobhán McKenna in "Saint Joan" in 1954. His theatre appearances included playing opposite Vivien Leigh in 1958, and as Cyrano de Bergerac at the Bristol Old Vic in 1959, which he considered a highlight of his career.


title: Peter Wyngarde

text: After making his film debut in a brief, uncredited role as a soldier in "Dick Barton Strikes Back" (1949), Wyngarde had more roles in feature films, television plays and television series guest appearances from the mid-1950s. One of these, a television adaptation of Julien Green's novel "South" (1959, originally "Sud"), in which Wyngarde featured in a lead role, is thought to be the earliest television play with an overtly homosexual theme. He appeared as Long John Silver in an adaptation of "The Adventures of Ben Gunn" (1958), and as Sir Roger Casement in an episode of Granada Television's "On Trial" series produced by Peter Wildeblood. He also featured in the title role of "Rupert of Hentzau" in 1964.


title: Peter Wyngarde

text: Wyngarde's film work was not extensive, but gained attention. He took the role of Pausanias opposite Richard Burton in the film "Alexander the Great" (1956), and appeared in the film "The Siege of Sidney Street" (1960) with Donald Sinden. In Jack Clayton's "The Innocents" (1961), he had brief unspeaking scenes as the leering Peter Quint with Deborah Kerr and Pamela Franklin. He followed this appearance as the lead in the occult thriller "Night of the Eagle" (US title: "Burn Witch Burn", 1962), his only film appearance in a lead role.


title: Peter Wyngarde

text: By the late 1960s, Wyngarde was guest starring in television series of the time, many of which were shown internationally, including "The Avengers", "The Saint", "The Baron", "The Champions" and "I Spy". He also appeared in "The Prisoner" ("Checkmate", 1967) as the authority figure called Number Two. Wyngarde was also a guest star, playing himself as a Shakespearean actor in "Lucy in London" (1968), a prime-time TV special starring Lucille Ball.


title: Peter Wyngarde

text: Wyngarde became a British household name through his starring role in the espionage series "Department S" (1969). His character, Jason King, a novelist turned sleuth, was reputedly based on the author Ian Fleming. King led a hedonistic lifestyle; he often got the girl but as she is about to kiss him manages to avoid it, much to the annoyance of co-actor Joel Fabiani. After that series ended, his character, the suave womaniser Jason King, was spun off into a new action espionage series entitled "Jason King" (1971), which ran for one season of 26 fifty-minute episodes.


title: Peter Wyngarde

text: One obituary described Wyngarde as playing the role "in the manner of a cat walking on tiptoe, with an air of self-satisfaction", but that increasingly his acting became more mannered and he came to believe his own publicity. His director, Cyril Frankel, said: "It got to a point where he wouldn't accept direction." Frankel also said: "He was a very fine actor, but unfortunately a difficult person."


title: Peter Wyngarde

text: The series led Wyngarde to briefly become an international celebrity, being mobbed by female fans in Australia. Carl Gresham, his promotional manager at this time said later that "During the '70s we had a contract to officially open over 30 Woolworths newly refurbished stores throughout the UK. Other than my friends and clients, Morecambe & Wise, Peter was the most requested and highest paid celebrity making personal appearances."


title: Peter Wyngarde

text: In the role, he "became a style icon, with his droopy moustache, hair that looked like a bearskin hat and a wardrobe of wide-lapelled, three-piece suits, cravats and open-necked shirts in colours so bright they might hurt sensitive eyes." In 1970, he was described as "Britain's best-dressed male personality", and the following year it was reported that more babies were christened Jason that year than ever before.


title: Peter Wyngarde

text: In 1974, Wyngarde played the lead role of the King of Siam in a stage revival of "The King and I", initially with Sally Ann Howes as Anna, which ran for 260 performances at the Adelphi Theatre in London.


title: Peter Wyngarde

text: In the late 1970s, he performed in the theatre in South Africa and Austria. Also on stage he appeared in the thriller "Underground" with Raymond Burr and Marc Sinden (whose father Donald had worked with Wyngarde on "The Siege of Sidney Street") at the Royal Alexandra Theatre, Toronto and at the Prince of Wales Theatre, London in 1983.


title: Peter Wyngarde

text: Wyngarde played the masked character Klytus in the film "Flash Gordon" (1980) and Sir Robert Knight in the film "Tank Malling" (1989) with Ray Winstone. On TV he appeared in "The Two Ronnies" 1984 Christmas Special as Sir Guy. Other TV appearances include "Doctor Who" (in the four-episode-story "Planet of Fire", 1984), "Hammer House of Mystery and Suspense" (1984), "Bulman" (1985), "The Lenny Henry Show" (1994) and "The Memoirs of Sherlock Holmes" (1994).


title: Peter Wyngarde

text: After leaving a 1995 stage production of "The Cabinet of Dr Caligari" due to a throat infection while still in previews, Wyngarde mostly stopped acting except for occasional voice work. He continued to appear in public at Memorabilia and other events celebrating his performances. In 2003 he appeared as a guest of Simon Dee in the Channel 4 one-off revival of his chat show "Dee Time".


title: Peter Wyngarde

text: Screenwriter Mark Millar says that when casting his 2004 film "Layer Cake", the director Matthew Vaughn wanted Wyngarde for a role, but was told that he had died. Seven years later, Vaughn requested him again for a role in "" but was again wrongly advised that Wyngarde had died.


title: Peter Wyngarde

text: In 2007, Wyngarde participated in recording extras for a box-set of "The Prisoner", including a mock interview segment titled "The Pink Prisoner".


title: Peter Wyngarde

text: In January 2014, he narrated an episode of the BBC Four "Timeshift" documentary strand "How to Be Sherlock Holmes: The Many Faces of a Master Detective". In "It was Alright in the 1960s", a 2015 documentary series for Channel 4, Wyngarde expressed his unease at having had to don blackface to play a Turk in "The Saint", but said he had done it only in the hope that a theatre director might pick him to play Othello.


title: Peter Wyngarde

text: In 1970, Wyngarde recorded an album released by RCA Victor entitled simply "Peter Wyngarde", featuring a single, "La Ronde De L'Amour"/"The Way I Cry Over You". The album is a collection of spoken-word musical arrangements produced by Vic Smith and Hubert Thomas Valverde. Wyngarde claimed that: "It sold out in next to no time... but RCA point-blankly refused to press any more. I was fuming, as I'd been given a three-album contract with the company, who promised to release one LP every 12 months. The excuse was that production was being moved... They told me that everything would have to go on the back burner, but I just believe that they got cold feet". A promo single of the track "Rape" (re-titled "Peter Wyngarde Commits Rape") was also issued in 1970 with the B-side "The Way I Cry Over You" and the serial number PW1.


title: Peter Wyngarde

text: In 1998, the album was reissued on CD by RPM Records, re-titled "When Sex Leers Its Inquisitive Head". The album is now usually treated as a curiosity because of its unusual spoken-word style and the controversial subject matter of some of the tracks.


title: Peter Wyngarde

text: Peter Wyngarde married the actress Dorinda Stevens on 6 March 1951 when he was 23. They lived at 9 Holland Park, Kensington. They separated after three years and by November 1955, Stevens was described in a "TV Times" profile as "a bachelor girl, sharing a mews flat near Portland Place, London, with Cassio, her wire-haired terrier". She married the Canadian cinematographer William Michael Boultbee (1933–2005) in Nairobi in 1957 while filming for "African Patrol".


title: Peter Wyngarde

text: Interviewed for "The Sydney Morning Herald" in 1972, Wyngarde said his biggest regret was that he "married far too young", adding: "It lasted three [sic] years and the last year was pretty hell. However, one just goes on learning from one's mistakes doesn't one?"


title: Peter Wyngarde

text: He called Vivien Leigh "the love of my life". From 1956 to 1958, Wyngarde shared a flat with Ruby Talbot in London and the 2020 biography cites the electoral roll as evidence that this was a romantic relationship.


title: Peter Wyngarde

text: In the late 1950s he moved to a flat in number 1 Earls Terrace off Kensington High Street in London. He would live in the same building for the rest of his life. He shared a flat there for some years with fellow actor Alan Bates and according to some sources this was a romantic relationship. It was always assumed within the acting community that Wyngarde was gay and while the nickname Petunia Winegum is often quoted it may have originated in a comedy sketch rather than being a genuine nickname.


title: Peter Wyngarde

text: In July 1974, Jeremy Dallas-Cope, a 23-year-old described as Wyngarde's former "male secretary and personal assistant", was found guilty at his trial at the Old Bailey and sentenced to two years' imprisonment, for forging nearly £3,000 worth of cheques from the actor's bank account. Upon the fraud scheme being discovered Dallas-Cope persuaded his flatmate Anthony O'Donoghue, a male model, "to attempt suicide and take the blame". O'Donoghue was found by police when close to death, and was sentenced to 15 months, after also being found guilty.


title: Peter Wyngarde

text: Public attention was drawn to Wyngarde's personal life in October 1975 when he was prosecuted under his real name, Cyril Goldbert, for gross indecency with a crane driver in public toilets in Gloucester bus station. The "Evening Standard" reported that Wyngarde pleaded guilty although his solicitor tried to mitigate the charge as a "mental aberration" brought on by excessive drinking. Wyngarde was convicted and fined £75. It is said that Wyngarde's career never fully recovered from the publicity surrounding this prosecution.


title: Peter Wyngarde

text: Wyngarde told an interviewer in 1993 that he was an alcoholic and that at the height of his fame "I drank myself to a standstill ... I am amazed I am still here", but that he stopped drinking in the early 1980s. He was declared bankrupt in 1982 and again in 1988. An obituary reported that he lived partly on social security benefits.


title: Peter Wyngarde

text: Wyngarde and the singer Morrissey were friends. Morrissey wrote in his 2013 autobiography about visiting Wyngarde at home in Earls Terrace:


title: Peter Wyngarde

text: Peter Wyngarde had an active fan club from the mid-1950s to 1985. An appreciation society called The Hellfire Club was founded in 1992 with the actor's support, with members receiving its quarterly magazine by post. It went online in 2000, and maintains a regularly updated blog.


title: Peter Wyngarde

text: A biography of the actor was published in 2012 by the organiser of the "Six of One", the appreciation society of "The Prisoner" TV series. It was reissued in 2019.


title: Peter Wyngarde

text: The organiser of The Hellfire Club, formerly Tina Bate, took Wyngarde's surname after his death, becoming Tina Wyngarde-Hopkins, and in 2020 she published a biography which claimed to draw on personal knowledge of the subject.


title: Peter Wyngarde

text: His agent and manager reported that Wyngarde was admitted to the Chelsea and Westminster Hospital in London in October 2017 with an unspecified illness. He died on 15 January 2018.


title: Peter Wyngarde

text: Tina Wyngarde-Hopkins's 2020 biography of Wyngarde and its accompanying website detail some disputes and conflict between the author and Wyngarde's executors and next of kin over his estate and the location of his remains.


title: Peter Wyngarde

text: An auction of 250 items from his estate took place on 26 March 2020. All items sold, and the auction fetched over £35,000. His trophy for "best dressed personality of 1970" reached the highest selling price with a winning bid of £2,200.


title: There Was a Crooked Man

text: It gained popularity in the early twentieth century. One legend suggests that this nursery rhyme originated in the once prosperous wool merchant’s village of Lavenham, about 70 miles northeast of London, having been inspired by its multicolored half-timbered houses leaning at irregular angles as if they are supporting each other. Other sources state that the poem originates from British history, specifically the period of the Scottish Stuart King Charles I of England (1600–1649).


title: There Was a Crooked Man

text: The crooked man is reputed to be the Scottish General Sir Alexander Leslie, who signed a covenant securing religious and political freedom for Scotland. The "crooked stile" in the poem was the alliance between the parliaments of England and Scotland or the border between the two, depending on the source. "They all lived together in a little crooked house" refers to the fact that the English and Scots had at last come to an agreement, despite the continuing great animosity between the two peoples, who nonetheless had to live with each other due to their common border.


title: There Was a Crooked Man

text: The great recoinage around 1696 led to sixpence coins that were made of very thin silver and were easily bent, becoming "crooked".


title: There Was a Crooked Man

text: "—And He Built a Crooked House—" is a science fiction short story by American writer, Robert A. Heinlein, first published in "Astounding Science Fiction" in February 1941. The house was based on a four-dimensional tesseract, with eight cubical rooms.


title: Martin Seligman

text: Martin Elias Peter Seligman (; born August 12, 1942) is an American psychologist, educator, and author of self-help books. Seligman is a strong promoter within the scientific community of his theories of positive psychology and of well-being. His theory of learned helplessness is popular among scientific and clinical psychologists. A "Review of General Psychology" survey, published in 2002, ranked Seligman as the 31st most cited psychologist of the 20th century.


title: Martin Seligman

text: Seligman is the Zellerbach Family Professor of Psychology in the University of Pennsylvania's Department of Psychology. He was previously the Director of the Clinical Training Program in the department, and earlier taught at Cornell University. He is the director of the university's Positive Psychology Center. Seligman was elected president of the American Psychological Association for 1998. He is the founding editor-in-chief of "Prevention and Treatment" (the APA electronic journal) and is on the board of advisers of "Parents" magazine.


title: Martin Seligman

text: Seligman has written about positive psychology topics in books such as "The Optimistic Child", "Child's Play", "Learned Optimism", "Authentic Happiness" and "Flourish". His most recent book, "The Hope Circuit: A Psychologist's Journey from Helplessness to Optimism", was published in 2018.


title: Martin Seligman

text: Seligman was born in Albany, New York to a Jewish family. He was educated at a public school and at The Albany Academy. He earned a bachelor's degree in philosophy at Princeton University in 1964, graduating summa cum laude. He turned down a scholarship to study analytic philosophy at Oxford University, and animal experimental psychology at the University of Pennsylvania, and accepted an offer to attend the University of Pennsylvania to study psychology. He earned a Ph.D. in psychology from University of Pennsylvania in 1967. On June 2, 1989, Seligman received an honorary doctorate from the Faculty of Social Sciences at Uppsala University, Sweden.


title: Martin Seligman

text: Seligman's foundational experiments and theory of "learned helplessness" began at University of Pennsylvania in 1967, as an extension of his interest in depression. Quite by accident, Seligman and colleagues discovered that the experimental conditioning protocol they used with dogs led to behaviors which were unexpected, in that under the experimental conditions, the recently conditioned dogs did not respond to opportunities to learn to escape from an unpleasant situation. Seligman developed the theory further, finding learned helplessness to be a psychological condition in which a human being or an animal has learned to act or behave helplessly in a particular situation—usually after experiencing some inability to avoid an adverse situation—even when it actually "has" the power to change its unpleasant or even harmful circumstance. Seligman saw a similarity with severely depressed patients, and argued that clinical depression and related mental illnesses result in part from a perceived absence of control over the outcome of a situation. In later years, alongside Abramson, Seligman reformulated his theory of learned helplessness to include attributional style.


title: Martin Seligman

text: In his 2002 book "Authentic Happiness", Seligman saw happiness as made up of positive emotion, engagement and meaning.


title: Martin Seligman

text: Seligman worked with Christopher Peterson to create what they describe as a "positive" counterpart to the "Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders" ("DSM"). While the "DSM" focuses on what can go wrong, "Character Strengths and Virtues" (2004) is designed to look at what can go right. In their research they looked across cultures and across millennia to attempt to distill a manageable list of virtues that have been highly valued from ancient China and India, through Greece and Rome, to contemporary Western cultures. Their list includes six character strengths: "wisdom/knowledge", "courage", "humanity", "justice", "temperance", and "transcendence". Each of these has three to five sub-entries; for instance, "temperance" includes "forgiveness", "humility", "prudence", and "self-regulation". The authors do not believe that there is a hierarchy for the six virtues; no one is more fundamental than or a precursor to the others.


title: Martin Seligman

text: In his book "Flourish", 2011, Seligman wrote on "Well-Being Theory", and said, with respect to how he measures well-being:


title: Martin Seligman

text: In July 2011, Seligman encouraged the British Prime Minister, David Cameron, to look into well-being as well as financial wealth in ways of assessing the prosperity of a nation. On July 6, 2011, Seligman appeared on "Newsnight" and was interviewed by Jeremy Paxman about his ideas and his interest in the concept of well-being.


title: Martin Seligman

text: The Master of Applied Positive Psychology (MAPP) program at the University of Pennsylvania was established under the leadership of Seligman as the first educational initiative of the Positive Psychology Center in 2003.


title: Martin Seligman

text: Seligman plays bridge and finished second in the 1998 installment of one of the three major North American pair championships, the Blue Ribbon Pairs, as well as having won over 50 regional championships.


title: Martin Seligman

text: Seligman has seven children, four grandchildren, and two dogs. He and his second wife, Mandy, live in a house that was once occupied by Eugene Ormandy. They have home-schooled five of their seven children.


title: Martin Seligman

text: Seligman was inspired by the work of the psychiatrist Aaron T. Beck at the University of Pennsylvania in refining his own cognitive techniques and exercises.


title: The Bharat Scouts and Guides

text: The Bharat Scouts and Guides (BSG) is the national Scouting and Guiding association of India. The national headquarters of BSG is recognised by the Government of India.


title: The Bharat Scouts and Guides

text: Scouting was founded in India in 1909 as an overseas branch of the Scout Association and became a member of the World Organization of the Scout Movement in 1938. Guiding in India started in 1911 and was amongst the founder members of the World Association of Girl Guides and Girl Scouts in 1928, also covering present-day Bangladesh and Pakistan at that time. The BSG serves 2,886,460 Scouts (as of 2011) and 1,286,161 Guides (as of 2005).


title: The Bharat Scouts and Guides

text: Scouting was officially founded in British India in 1909, first starting at the Bishop Cotton Boys' School in Bangalore. Scouting for native Indians was started by Justice Vivian Bose, Madan Mohan, Hridayanath Kunzru, Girija Shankar Bajpai, Annie Besant and George Arundale, in 1913. Prior to this date, Scouting was open only for British and foreign Scouts. In 1916, a Cub section was started, followed by the Rover section in 1918.


title: The Bharat Scouts and Guides

text: In 1916, Calcutta's Senior Deputy Commissioner of Police J. S. Wilson introduced "Scouting for Boys" as a textbook in the Calcutta Police Training School. Colonel Wilson volunteered his services to the District Scout Commissioner, Alfred Pickford, and in 1917 became Assistant Scoutmaster of the Old Mission Church Troop. Together the two struggled for the admission of Indian boys into the Boy Scouts Association, which had not been admitted due to a Government of India order against it because "Scouting might train them to become revolutionaries". Shortly Wilson was acting as Cubmaster and Scoutmaster, and succeeded Pickford as District Commissioner in May 1919 when Pickford was promoted to Chief Scout Commissioner for India.


title: The Bharat Scouts and Guides

text: As a way of getting around the Government Order, the "Boy Scouts of Bengal" was founded, with identical aims and methods. Many separate Scout organizations began to spring up, the "Indian Boy Scouts Association", founded in 1916, based in Madras and headed by Annie Besant and George Arundale; "Boy Scouts of Mysore"; "Boy Scouts of Baroda"; "Nizam's Scouts" in Hyderabad; "Seva Samiti Scout Association" (Humanity Uplift Service Society), founded in 1917 by Madan Mohan Malaviya and Hridayanath Kunzru and based in Allahabad; the aforementioned "Boy Scouts of Bengal" and likely others. A conference was held in Calcutta in August 1920 in which Wilson staged a Scout Rally, and as a result the Viceroy of India sent an invitation to Lord Baden-Powell, by then Chief Scout of the World, to visit India. Lord and Lady Baden-Powell arrived in Bombay in late January 1921 for a short tour of the subcontinent before leaving Calcutta for Rangoon. Alfred Pickford accompanied them and became one of their closest friends.


title: The Bharat Scouts and Guides

text: The result of this visit was a union of all of the Scout organizations except the Seva Samiti Scout Association into The Boy Scouts Association in India. In 1922 Pickford returned to England and was appointed Overseas Commissioner of The Boy Scouts Association at their headquarters in London, but his dream of allowance of local boys into the program had been fulfilled.


title: The Bharat Scouts and Guides

text: In 1938, a number of members left the Boy Scouts Association in India after a wave of nationalism. They formed – together with the Seva Samiti Scout Association and the newly founded "India National Scout Association" – the Hindustan Scout Association, the first coeducational Scouting and Guiding organisation in India. In the same year, the Boy Scouts Association in India became a member of the World Organization of the Scout Movement.


title: The Bharat Scouts and Guides

text: The first Girl Guides company was founded in Jabalpur in 1911 at Christ Church School The movement immediately grew: In 1915, more than fifty companies existed with a membership of over 1,200, all of them directly registered with the Girl Guide Association and all restricted to girls of European descent. These companies formed the All India Girl Guides Association in 1916. In the same year the organisation opened for Indian girls.


title: The Bharat Scouts and Guides

text: The girls themselves were never quite sure whether they preferred to ride in police vans or in the riot truck. The former concealed them from public view, but were very hot; the latter, being cages of expanded metal, were cooler, but reminiscent of the Calcutta Zoo!


title: The Bharat Scouts and Guides

text: In 1928, the "All India Girl Guides Association" joined the World Association of Girl Guides and Girl Scouts as one of its founder members. This membership was renewed in 1948 after the independence of India and its partition.


title: The Bharat Scouts and Guides

text: In the first years after India's independence leading politicians, including Jawaharlal Nehru, Maulana Abul Kalam Azad and Mangal Das Pakvasa, as well as Scout leaders tried to unify India's Scouts and Guides. A first success was the merger of the "Boy Scouts Association in India" and the "Hindustan Scout Association" forming the Bharat Scouts and Guides on 7 November 1950. About a year later, on 15 August 1951, the "All India Girl Guides Association" joined this new organisation.


title: The Bharat Scouts and Guides

text: In 1959, the 17th World Scout Conference in New Delhi was hosted by the BSG. The Sangam World Girl Guide/Girl Scout Center in Pune, Maharashtra, India, opened in 1966. The idea for this fourth world centre dates back to 1956 when it was developed during a WAGGGS International commissioners' meeting in New Delhi.


title: The Bharat Scouts and Guides

text: The United Nations selected the Bharat Scouts and Guides as honorary "Peace Messengers" for their significant and concrete contributions to the International Year of Peace in 1986.


title: The Bharat Scouts and Guides

text: Sethna's 18th West Bombay Scout Group is the oldest continuously running Scout Group in India. It was established in 1914, when Rustomji Edulji Sethna (1898–1954) came across the book "Scouting for Boys", written by Robert Baden-Powell, the founder of the Scout movement. He was enamoured by the book and formed one of India's first Scout groups for native boys. Prior to that, there existed some Scout groups, but they were primarily for the British expatriates in India.


title: The Bharat Scouts and Guides

text: Sethna resisted joining one of the competing Scout associations and registering his troop until Scouting became open for all irrespective of color, caste, or creed. He wrote to Baden-Powell about this discrepancy. In 1921 the regulations were changed and all were allowed to become part of the Scout movement in India. The 18th West has been continuously running since the day it started. None of the World Wars or the Partition of India stopped the group from functioning.


title: The Bharat Scouts and Guides

text: Sea Scouts and Guides is the oldest continuously running Sea Scout Group in India. It was re-established in 2000 by Ocean Cadet Academy Nigdi/Pune, Maharashtra and got affiliation with The Bharat Scouts and Guides, National Headquarters, New Delhi on 18/1/2022 as Auxiliary Unit. url=http://www.seascoutsindia.com/


title: The Bharat Scouts and Guides

text: Henry Warington Smyth Baden-Powell KC (3 February 1847 – 24 April 1921), known as Warrington, was a British admiralty lawyer, master mariner and canoeist. Robert, asked him to write a manual for Sea Scouts. He wrote a book on Sea Scouting and held positions in The Boy Scouts Association, formed by his brother, Robert Baden-Powell.


title: The Bharat Scouts and Guides

text: In 2011, a Sea Scout Group of the Portuguese Corpo Nacional de Escutas based in The Azores, named their 16-metre sailing yacht Almirante Warrington Baden-Powell in his honour. In 2012, a bronze bust of Warington was unveiled by Edward Baden-Powell, the great grandson of Sir George Baden-Powell, at The Scout Association's national headquarters at Gilwell Park in Essex.


title: The Bharat Scouts and Guides

text: Vivian Bose was a member of the World Scout Committee of the World Organization of the Scout Movement from 1947 until 1949.


title: The Bharat Scouts and Guides

text: In 1969, Mrs. Lakshmi Mazumdar was awarded the "Bronze Wolf", the only distinction of the World Organization of the Scout Movement, awarded by the World Scout Committee for exceptional services to world Scouting.


title: The Bharat Scouts and Guides

text: Scout and Guide units are separate although they have some coeducational activities such as Jamborees, rallies, and conferences. Differently-abled boys and girls also participate in the Scouting program.


title: The Bharat Scouts and Guides

text: The Scout emblem incorporates a wheel with twenty-four spokes, known as the "Ashoka Chakra", taken from the Ashoka pillar at Sarnath, in the green-and-saffron colors of the flag of India.


title: The Bharat Scouts and Guides

text: The BSG maintains units for Indian citizens in Saudi Arabia, Qatar, Oman, United Arab Emirates, and Yemen.


title: Carl Hiaasen

text: Carl Hiaasen (; born March 12, 1953) is an American journalist and novelist. He began his career as a newspaper reporter and by the late 1970s had begun writing novels in his spare time, both for adults and for young-adult readers. Two of his novels have been made into feature films.


title: Carl Hiaasen

text: Hiaasen's adult novels are humorous crime thrillers set in Florida. They feature casts of eccentric, sometimes grotesque characters and satirize aspects of American popular culture. Many of the novels include themes related to environmentalism and political corruption in his native state.


title: Carl Hiaasen

text: Hiaasen was born in 1953 and raised in Plantation, Florida, then a rural suburb of Fort Lauderdale. He was the first of four children born to Odel and Patricia Hiaasen. He has Norwegian and Irish ancestry. He started writing at age six when his father bought him a typewriter for Christmas. After graduating from Plantation High School in 1970, he entered Emory University, where he contributed satirical humor columns to the student-run newspaper "The Emory Wheel". In 1972, he transferred to the University of Florida, where he wrote for "The Independent Florida Alligator". Hiaasen graduated in 1974 with a degree in journalism.


title: Carl Hiaasen

text: Hiaasen was a reporter at "TODAY" (Cocoa, Florida) for two years before being hired in 1976 by the "Miami Herald", where he worked for the city desk, Sunday magazine and award-winning investigative team. Hiaasen was a columnist for the newspaper from mid-1985 until he retired in March 2021. His columns have been collected in three published volumes, "Kick Ass" (1999"), Paradise Screwed" (2001) and "Dance of the Reptiles" (2014), all edited by Diane Stevenson.


title: Carl Hiaasen

text: His only brother was Rob Hiaasen, an editor and columnist at "The Capital" newspaper in Annapolis, Maryland, who was killed in the mass shooting at the newspaper's office on June 28, 2018. Carl Hiaasen's 1991 novel "Native Tongue" carries the dedication "For my brother Rob."


title: Carl Hiaasen

text: After becoming a reporter, Hiaasen began writing novels in his spare time. The first three were co-authored with his friend and fellow journalist William Montalbano: "Powder Burn" (1981), "Trap Line" (1982), and "A Death in China" (1984). His first solo novel, "Tourist Season" (1986), featured a group of ragged eco-warriors who kidnap the Orange Bowl Queen in Miami. The book's main character was whimsically memorialized by Jimmy Buffett in a song called "The Ballad of Skip Wiley," which appeared on his "Barometer Soup" album.


title: Carl Hiaasen

text: In all, twenty of Hiaasen's novels and nonfiction books have been on the New York Times Best Seller lists. His work has been translated into 34 languages. In 2016, his novel "Razor Girl," was short-listed for the Bollinger Everyman Wodehouse award for comic fiction in England.


title: Carl Hiaasen

text: An earlier Hiaasen novel, "Strip Tease," was adapted into a 1996 feature film starring Demi Moore and Burt Reynolds. Another book, "Bad Monkey," is being adapted for a series on Apple TV. It will star Vince Vaughn and is being written and executive produced by Bill Lawrence, who co-created Ted Lasso. The series is tentatively scheduled to begin airing in the spring of 2023.


title: Carl Hiaasen

text: Hiaasen's first venture into writing for younger readers was the 2002 novel "Hoot", which was named a Newbery Medal honor book. It was adapted as a 2006 film of the same name (starring Logan Lerman, Brie Larson and Luke Wilson). The movie was written and directed by Wil Shriner. Jimmy Buffett provided songs for the soundtrack, and appeared in the role of Mr. Ryan, a middle school teacher.


title: Carl Hiaasen

text: Hiaasen's subsequent children's novels were "Flush," "Scat"; "Chomp" and, "Skink-- No Surrender," which introduces one of his most popular adult characters to teen readers. In 2014, "Skink" was long-listed for a National Book Award in Young People's Literature. All of Hiaasen's books for young readers feature environmental themes, eccentric casts and adventure-filled plots. His latest, "Squirm," which is set in Florida and Montana, was published in the fall of 2018 and opened at #4 on the New York Times bestseller list for middle-grade novels.


title: Carl Hiaasen

text: His latest adult book, "Squeeze Me," was published on August 25, 2020 and debuted at #2 on the New York Times Combined Print and E-Book Print Best Sellers List. The novel takes place during the glitzy Palm Beach social season, and features wild pythons and a fictional, well-fed U.S. president who has a vacation mansion on the island. Amazon and the Washington "Post" listed "Squeeze Me as" one of the best novels of 2020.


title: Carl Hiaasen

text: Hiaasen's most recent nonfiction work is "Assume the Worst: The Graduation Speech You'll Never Hear", which was published in April 2018 and illustrated by Roz Chast, who is well-known for her cartoons in "The New Yorker".


title: Carl Hiaasen

text: During the 1990s Hiaasen co-wrote the lyrics of three songs with his good friend and famed L.A. rocker, the late Warren Zevon. "Rottweiler Blues" and "Seminole Bingo" appeared on Zevon's "Mutineer" album in 1995. The third song they wrote together, "Basket Case," was done in conjunction with Hiaasen's novel of the same name, and appeared in 2001 on Zevon's album "My Ride's Here."


title: Carl Hiaasen

text: In addition to being a prolific writer, Hiaasen is also a talented fly fisherman. His fishing career includes six wins of the prestigious Invitational Fall Fly Bonefish Tournament in Islamorada, fishing with famed guide Tim Klein.


title: Nathan Stewart-Jarrett

text: Nathan Lloyd Stewart-Jarrett (born 4 December 1985) is a British actor, best known for starring as Curtis Donovan in the E4 series "Misfits" and as Ian in the Channel 4 series "Utopia".


title: Nathan Stewart-Jarrett

text: Stewart-Jarrett was born in Wandsworth, London. He trained at the BRIT School for four years. He graduated in 2003 and went to the Central School of Speech and Drama, graduating in 2006.


title: Nathan Stewart-Jarrett

text: Stewart-Jarrett made his professional stage debut with a number of roles in "Brixton Stories" at the Lyric, Hammersmith, and has also appeared on stage in "The History Boys" at the National Theatre. In 2012, he appeared in the revival of "Pitchfork Disney". In 2009, he joined the cast of "Misfits" as Curtis Donovan. In 2012, he was the last remaining original "Misfits" cast member on the show, until he was written out during the fourth series. He starred in the conspiracy thriller series "Utopia". He also appeared in a music video by Years&Years called "Real" released in 2014. In 2019, Stewart-Jarrett played the lead role in "Mope", a film about the real-life crime story of pornographic actor Steve Driver.


title: Derailed (2005 film)

text: Derailed is a 2005 American crime thriller film based on the novel of the same name by James Siegel. The film was directed by Mikael Håfström and stars Clive Owen, Jennifer Aniston, Vincent Cassel, Giancarlo Esposito, David Morrissey, RZA and Xzibit. The story is based on the Badger Game con. This was the first film to be released by The Weinstein Company in the United States.


title: Derailed (2005 film)

text: Chicago advertising executive Charles Schine lives with his wife Deanna and their daughter Amy, who suffers from type 1 diabetes, which requires expensive medication.


title: Derailed (2005 film)

text: On a commuter train to work one morning, Charles meets Lucinda Harris, a financial advisor who is also married with a daughter. A mutual attraction develops and the two begin meeting frequently. They soon decide to consummate their affair in a run-down motel. As Lucinda is unzipping Charles' pants, they are interrupted by an armed man who beats Charles and brutally rapes Lucinda. Not wanting their spouses to learn of their affair, Charles and Lucinda agree not to report the crime and then go their separate ways.


title: Derailed (2005 film)

text: Days later, the man, who identifies himself as Philippe LaRoche, contacts Charles and threatens to kill his family if he does not pay him $20,000. A month later, LaRoche calls again, this time demanding $100,000. Charles explains his situation to his work colleague Winston, an ex-con who works as a repairman in his building. Winston offers to scare off LaRoche for ten percentage of the payout. Charles embezzles $10,000 from his company and he and Winston plot to get the drop on LaRoche at his specified meeting location. However, LaRoche surprises him, shoots Winston dead and takes the money. Charles disposes of Winston's body and gives a false alibi when questioned by Detective Franklin Church.


title: Derailed (2005 film)

text: Charles later receives a call from LaRoche; he is holding Lucinda hostage and will kill her if he does not deliver the $100,000. Charles takes the money from an account meant for his daughter's medical treatment and makes the payoff to LaRoche and his partner Dexter. Charles then visits Lucinda at work and discovers she is actually called Jane, who worked there briefly as a temp. He goes to Jane's apartment, which is being shown to prospective renters, and finds that Jane's photograph of her supposed daughter is actually a cut-out of a stock picture from a brochure.


title: Derailed (2005 film)

text: Charles tracks Jane down and sees her kissing LaRoche, learning she was in on the scam. He also observes her seducing another unsuspecting businessman, Sam. Charles rents a room at the same motel as before and waits for Jane to go there with Sam. Determined to retrieve his stolen money, Charles knocks LaRoche unconscious outside the hotel room door, disarms him, and reveals to Sam the scheme he has been set up for. Dexter arrives to back up LaRoche and a gunfight ensues; nearly everyone is fatally shot but Charles, who returns to his room and convinces the police he was just a bystander. Before leaving, Charles claims his briefcase and gets back the money.


title: Derailed (2005 film)

text: Later, Charles is suspended from work for the embezzlement and is sentenced to six months of community service, teaching in a prison. During one of his classes, he comes across a notebook containing a story about him written by one of the students. Charles finds LaRoche, who had survived the gunfight. LaRoche threatens to continue to disrupt Charles' life but Charles reveals that he has planned their encounter and then stabs LaRoche to death with a shank.


title: Derailed (2005 film)

text: Charles walks away from the encounter by claiming to Detective Church that LaRoche attacked him and he reacted in self-defence. He returns to his family.


title: Derailed (2005 film)

text: "Derailed" opened in 2,443 theaters for an opening weekend gross of $12,211,986. The film made a domestic gross of $36,024,076 and an international gross of $21,455,000, giving it a worldwide gross of $57,479,076.


title: Derailed (2005 film)

text: "Derailed" received mainly negative reviews and has a "rotten" score of on Rotten Tomatoes based on reviews, with an average rating of . The critical consensus states "With miscast stars, a ludicrous plot and an obvious twist, "Derailed" embodies its name all too aptly." The film also has a score of 40 out of 100 on Metacritic based on 34 critics indicating "mixed or average reviews."


title: Derailed (2005 film)

text: Roger Ebert of the "Chicago Sun-Times" awarded the film two and a half out of four stars and believed that Owen's and Aniston's performances were intriguing. Ebert said, "Clive Owen was my candidate for James Bond, and can play hard and heartless rotters (see "Closer"), but here he is quiet and sad, with a sort of passivity. He lets his face relax into acceptance of his own bad fortune. Jennifer Aniston does that interesting thing of not being a stereotyped sexpot but being irresistibly intriguing. That works with a man like Charles. Happily married, in debt, worried about his daughter and his job, he would be impervious to a sexy slut."


title: Derailed (2005 film)

text: In 2006, Tamil movie starring Jyothika and Sarath Kumar, named "Pachaikili Muthucharam" was adapted from the book.


title: Derailed (2005 film)

text: The film was remade in Hindi as "The Train" and a Sinhala film adaptation titled "Dakina Dakina Mal".


title: Derailed (2005 film)

text: In 2010, the film was remade in Ghana by filmmaker Frank Rajah Arase as "Temptation". It stars Majid Michel and Frank Artus


title: Atrial flutter

text: Atrial flutter (AFL) is a common abnormal heart rhythm that starts in the atrial chambers of the heart. When it first occurs, it is usually associated with a fast heart rate and is classified as a type of supraventricular tachycardia. Atrial flutter is characterized by a sudden-onset (usually) regular abnormal heart rhythm on an electrocardiogram (ECG) in which the heart rate is fast. Symptoms may include a feeling of the heart beating too fast, too hard, or skipping beats, chest discomfort, difficulty breathing, a feeling as if one's stomach has dropped, a feeling of being light-headed, or loss of consciousness.


title: Atrial flutter

text: Although this abnormal heart rhythm typically occurs in individuals with cardiovascular disease (e.g. high blood pressure, coronary artery disease, and cardiomyopathy) and diabetes mellitus, it may occur spontaneously in people with otherwise normal hearts. It is typically not a stable rhythm, and often degenerates into atrial fibrillation (AF). But rarely does it persist for months or years. Similar to the abnormal heart rhythm atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter also leads to poor contraction of the atrial chambers of the heart. This leads to the pooling of the blood in the heart and can lead to the formation of blood clots in the heart which poses a significant risk of breaking off and traveling through the bloodstream resulting in strokes.


title: Atrial flutter

text: A supraventricular tachycardia with a ventricular heart rate of 150 beats per minute is suggestive (though not necessarily diagnostic) of atrial flutter. Administration of adenosine in the vein (intravenously) can help medical personnel differentiate between atrial flutter and other forms of supraventricular tachycardia. Immediate treatment of atrial flutter centers on slowing the heart rate with medications such as beta blockers (e.g., metoprolol) or calcium channel blockers (e.g., diltiazem) if the affected person is not having chest pain, has not lost consciousness, and if their blood pressure is normal (known as stable atrial flutter). If the affected person is having chest pain, has lost consciousness, or has low blood pressure (unstable atrial flutter), then an urgent electrical shock to the heart to restore a normal heart rhythm is necessary. Long-term use of blood thinners (e.g., warfarin or apixaban) is an important component of treatment to reduce the risk of blood clot formation in the heart and resultant strokes. Medications used to restore a normal heart rhythm (antiarrhythmics) such as ibutilide effectively control atrial flutter about 80% of the time when they are started but atrial flutter recurs at a high rate (70–90% of the time) despite continued use. Atrial flutter can be treated more definitively with a technique known as catheter ablation. This involves the insertion of a catheter through a vein in the groin which is followed up to the heart and is used to identify and interrupt the electrical circuit causing the atrial flutter (by creating a small burn and scar).


title: Atrial flutter

text: Atrial flutter was first identified as an independent medical condition in 1920 by the British physician Sir Thomas Lewis (1881–1945) and colleagues. AFL is the second most common pathologic supraventricular tachycardia but occurs at a rate less than one-tenth of the most common supraventricular tachycardia (atrial fibrillation). The overall incidence of AFL has been estimated at 88 cases per 100,000 person-years. The incidence of AFL is significantly lower (~5 cases/100,000 person-years) in those younger than age 50 and is far more common (587 cases/100,000 person-years) in those over 80 years of age.


title: Atrial flutter

text: While atrial flutter can sometimes go unnoticed, its onset is often marked by characteristic sensations of the heart feeling like it is beating too fast or hard. Such sensations usually last until the episode resolves, or until the heart rate is controlled.


title: Atrial flutter

text: Atrial flutter is usually well-tolerated initially (a high heart rate is for most people just a normal response to exercise), however, people with other underlying heart diseases (such as coronary artery disease) or poor exercise tolerance may rapidly develop symptoms, such as shortness of breath, chest pain, lightheadedness or dizziness, nausea and, in some patients, nervousness and feelings of impending doom.


title: Atrial flutter

text: Prolonged atrial flutter with fast heart rates may lead to decompensation with loss of normal heart function (heart failure). This may manifest as exercise intolerance (exertional breathlessness), difficulty breathing at night, or swelling of the legs and/or abdomen.


title: Atrial flutter

text: Although often regarded as a relatively benign heart rhythm problem, atrial flutter shares the same complications as the related condition atrial fibrillation. There is paucity of published data directly comparing the two, but overall mortality in these conditions appears to be very similar.


title: Atrial flutter

text: Rapid heart rates may produce significant symptoms in patients with pre-existing heart disease and can lead to inadequate blood flow to the heart muscle and even a heart attack.