title: Sambo's

text: In 1979, Sambo's had 1,117 outlets in 47 American states. Additional corporate level decisions made at the time also led to Sambo's corporate demise. Pressure to take Sambo's into a more normal, salaried manager compensation package was one issue. Their unique "Fraction of the Action" promotion – whereby managers were entitled to 20% of the profits from their stores, with employees allowed to bid for a percentage of the remaining profits – was an early company expansion plan, and the growth of the company outpaced its control. In March 1981, in a further attempt to give the chain a new image the company again renamed some locations, this time to "No Place Like Sam's". By November 1981, the company filed for bankruptcy. Neither the name change nor bankruptcy protection reversed this downward trend, and by 1982 all except the original Sambo's at 216 West Cabrillo Boulevard in Santa Barbara, California closed their doors. By February 1983, 618 of the locations were renamed Season's Friendly Eating. Several locations were sold to Denny's, including the Fort Lauderdale store. Bakers Square's parent company acquired Sambo's in California in October 1984. Many Sambo's locations were converted to Bakers Square restaurants and the ones that weren't were sold to other chains, including Denny's.


title: Sambo's

text: Battistone's grandson, restaurateur Chad Stevens, owns the only remaining restaurant in Santa Barbara which continued business under the Sambo's name until 2020. In late May 2020, George Floyd protests against racism in the United States began in cities across the United States, including Santa Barbara. A petition drive asked the owner to change the name of Sambo's. In June 2020, the name on the original Sambo's sign was temporarily changed to the motto "☮ & LOVE" ("Peace and love"). In July 2020, the restaurant was officially renamed to "Chad's".


title: Sambo's

text: Sam Battistone, Jr. was the original owner of the New Orleans Jazz in the NBA. He later moved the team to Utah and sold it.


title: Ferber method

text: The Ferber method, or Ferberization, is a technique invented by Richard Ferber to solve infant sleep problems. It involves "sleep-training" children to self-soothe by allowing the child to cry for a predetermined amount of time at intervals before receiving external comfort.


title: Ferber method

text: The "Cry It Out" (CIO) approach can be traced back to the book "The Care and Feeding of Children" written by Emmett Holt in 1894. CIO is any sleep-training method which allows a baby to cry for a specified period before the parent will offer comfort. "Ferberization" is one such approach. Ferber does not advocate simply leaving a baby to cry, but rather supports giving the baby time to learn to self-soothe, by offering comfort and support from the parent at predetermined intervals. The best age to attempt Ferber's sleep training method is around 6 months-old.


title: Ferber method

text: Other CIO methods, such as Marc Weissbluth's extinction method, are often mistakenly referred to as "Ferberization", though they fall outside of the guidelines Ferber recommended. "Ferberization" is referred to as graduated extinction by Weissbluth. Some pediatricians feel that any form of CIO is unnecessary and damaging to a baby.


title: Ferber method

text: Ferber discusses and outlines a wide range of practices to teach an infant to sleep. The term "Ferberization" is now popularly used to refer to the following techniques:


title: Ferber method

text: The technique is targeted at infants as young as four months of age. A few babies are capable of sleeping through the night at three months, and some are capable of sleeping through the night at six months. Before six months of age, the baby may still need to feed during the night and all babies will require a night feeding before three months.


title: Ferber method

text: A study that looked at long-term consequences in children older than seven months concluded that there were no beneficial nor negative effects to sleep training, but did not test the cry-it-out method. It tests two other gentler methods, including the camping out method. Co-sleeping is a common alternative that comes with its own risks and benefits.


title: Debrecen

text: Debrecen ( , is Hungary's second-largest city, after Budapest, the regional centre of the Northern Great Plain region and the seat of Hajdú-Bihar County. A city with county rights, it was the largest Hungarian city in the 18th century and it is one of the Hungarian people's most important cultural centres. Debrecen was also the capital city of Hungary during the revolution in 1848–1849. During the revolution, the dethronement of the Habsburg dynasty was declared in the Reformed Great Church. The city also served as the capital of Hungary by the end of World War II in 1944–1945. It is home of the University of Debrecen.


title: Debrecen

text: The city is first documented in 1235, as "Debrezun". The name derives from the Turkic word , which means 'live' or 'move' and is also a male given name. Another theory says the name is of Slavic origin and means 'well-esteemed', from Slavic Dьbricinъ or from "dobre zliem" ("good land").


title: Debrecen

text: The settlement was established after the Hungarian conquest. Debrecen became more important after some of the small villages of the area (Boldogasszonyfalva, Szentlászlófalva) were deserted due to the Mongol invasion of Europe. It experienced rapid development after the middle of the 13th century.


title: Debrecen

text: In 1361, Louis I of Hungary granted the citizens of Debrecen the right to choose the town's judge and council. This provided some opportunities for self-government for the town. By the early 16th century, Debrecen was an important market town.


title: Debrecen

text: King Sigismund, Holy Roman Emperor, as part of a treaty with Serbian ruler Stefan Lazarević, gave him the opportunity to rule Debrecen in September 1411. A year after Lazarević's death in 1426, his role was taken over by his successor, Đurađ Branković. Between 1450 and 1507, it was a domain of the Hunyadi family.


title: Debrecen

text: During the Ottoman period, being close to the border and having no castle or city walls, Debrecen often found itself in difficult situations and the town was saved only by the diplomatic skills of its leaders. Sometimes the town was protected by the Ottoman Empire, sometimes by the Catholic European rulers or by Francis II Rákóczi, prince of Transylvania. Debrecen later embraced the Protestant Reformation quite early, earning the monikers "the Calvinist Rome" and "the Geneva of Hungary". At this period the inhabitants of the town were mainly Hungarian Calvinists. Debrecen came under Turkish control as a sanjak between 1558 and 1693 and orderly bounded to the eyalets of Budin (1541–1596), Eğri (1596–1660) and Varat (1660–1693) as "Debreçin".


title: Debrecen

text: In 1693, Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor elevated Debrecen to free royal town status. In 1715, the Roman Catholic Church returned to Debrecen, and the town gave them a place to build a church, so the Piarist monks could build the St. Ann's Cathedral. By this time the town was an important cultural, commercial and agricultural centre, and many future scholars and poets attended its Protestant College (a predecessor of today's University of Debrecen and also of Debrecen Reformed Theological University).


title: Debrecen

text: In 1849, Debrecen was the capital of Hungary for a short time when the Hungarian revolutionary government fled there from Pest-Buda (modern-day Budapest). In April 1849, the dethronization of Habsburgs (neglected after the fall of the revolution) and the independence of Hungary was proclaimed here by Lajos Kossuth at the Great (Calvinist) Church ("Nagytemplom" in Hungarian.) The last battle of the war of independence was also close to Debrecen. The Russians, allied to Habsburgs, defeated the Hungarian army close to the western part of the town.


title: Debrecen

text: After the war, Debrecen slowly began to prosper again. In 1857, the railway line between Budapest and Debrecen was completed, and Debrecen soon became a railway junction. New schools, hospitals, churches, factories, and mills were built, banks and insurance companies settled in the city. The appearance of the city began to change too: with new, taller buildings, parks and villas, it no longer resembled a provincial town and began to look like a modern city. In 1884, Debrecen became the first Hungarian city to have a steam tramway.


title: Debrecen

text: After World War I, Hungary lost a considerable portion of its eastern territory to Romania, and Debrecen once again became situated close to the border of the country. It was occupied by the Romanian army for a short time in 1919. Tourism provided a way for the city to begin to prosper again. Many buildings (among them an indoor swimming pool and Hungary's first stadium) were built in the central park, the "Nagyerdő" ("Big Forest"), providing recreational facilities. The building of the university was completed. Hortobágy, a large pasture owned by the city, became a tourist attraction.


title: Debrecen

text: During World War II, Debrecen was almost completely destroyed, 70% of the buildings suffered damage, 50% of them were completely destroyed. A major battle involving combined arms, including several hundred tanks (Battle of Debrecen), occurred near the city in October 1944. Debrecen was captured by Soviet troops of the 2nd Ukrainian Front on 20 October. After 1944, the reconstruction began and Debrecen became the capital of Hungary for a short time once again. The citizens began to rebuild their city, trying to restore its pre-war status, but the new, Communist government of Hungary had other plans. The institutions and estates of the city were taken into public ownership, private property was taken away. This forced change of the old system brought new losses to Debrecen; half of its area was annexed to nearby towns, and the city also lost its rights over Hortobágy. In 1952, two new villages – Ebes and Nagyhegyes – were formed from former parts of Debrecen, while in 1981, the nearby village Józsa was annexed to the city.


title: Debrecen

text: According to the 2011 census, the total population of Debrecen were 211,320, of whom 209,782 people (99.3%) speak Hungarian. 49,909 (23.6%) also know English, 22,454 (10.6%) German, and 5,416 (2.6%) speak Russian.


title: Debrecen

text: According to the 2011 census, there were 177,435 (84.0%) Hungarians, 1,305 (0.6%) Romani, 554 (0.3%) Germans and 504 (0.2%) Romanians in Debrecen. 31,931 people (15.1% of the total population) did not declare their ethnicity. Excluding these people Hungarians made up 98.9% of the total population. In Hungary people can declare more than one ethnicity, so the sum of ethnicities is higher than the total population.


title: Debrecen

text: According to the 2011 census, there were 52,459 (24.8%) Hungarian Reformed (Calvinist), 23,413 (11.1%) Latin Catholic, 10,762 (5.1%) Greek Catholic, 899 (0.4%) Baptist, 885 (0.4%) Jehovah's Witnesses, and 812 (0.4%) Lutheran in Debrecen. 54,909 people (26.0%) were irreligious, 3,877 (1.8%) atheist, while 59,955 people (28.4%) did not declare their religion.


title: Debrecen

text: From the 16th century, the Reformation took roots in the city; first Lutheranism, then Calvin's teachings become predominant. From 1551, the Calvinist government of the city banned the moving of Catholics in Debrecen. Catholic churches were taken over by the Calvinist church. In 1552, the Catholic faith vanished from the city until 1715 when they regained a church. Several Calvinist church leaders like Peter Melius Juhasz who translated the Genevan Psalms lived and worked here. In 1567, a synod was formed in the city when the Second Helvetic Confession was adopted. Famous Calvinist colleges and schools were formed. Nickname of Debrecen commonly used in Hungary is the "Calvinist Rome" or the "Geneva of Hungary" because of the great percentage of the Calvinist faith in the city as well as the Calvinist church has significant influence in the city and the region. Debrecen is also home to the Reformed Theological University of Debrecen (Debreceni Református Hittudományi Egyetem), founded in 1538 and was the only Calvinist theological institute in the country permitted to function during the communist rule.


title: Debrecen

text: The Hungarian Reformed Church has about 20 congregations in Debrecen, including the famous Reformed Great Church of Debrecen, which can easily accommodate about 5000 people (with 3000 seats).


title: Debrecen

text: Jews were first allowed to settle in Debrecen in 1814, with an initial population count of 118 men within 4 years.


title: Debrecen

text: Twenty years later, they were allowed to purchase land and homes. By 1919, they consisted 10% of the population (with over 10,000 community members listed) and owned almost half of the large properties in and around the town.


title: Debrecen

text: The Hungarian antisemitic laws of 1938 caused many businesses to close, and in 1939 many Jews were enslaved and sent to Ukraine, where many died in minefields.


title: Debrecen

text: In 1940, the Germans estimated that 12,000 Jews were left in the town. In 1941, Jews of Galician and Polish origin were expelled, reducing the number of Jews to 9142. In 1942, more Jews were drafted into the Hungarian forced labor groups and sent to Ukraine.


title: Debrecen

text: German forces entered the city on 20 March 1944, (Two and a half weeks before Passover) ordering a Judenrat (Jewish Council) headed by Rabbi Pal (Meir) Weisz, and a Jewish police squad was formed, headed by former army captain Bela Lusztbaum. On 30 March 1944, (a week before Passover) the Jews were ordered to wear the Yellow star of David. Jewish cars were confiscated and phone lines cut. During the Passover week, many Jewish dignitaries were taken to a nearby prison camp, eventually reaching the number of 300 prisoners. A week later all Jewish stores were closed, and a public book-burning of Jewish books was presided over by the antisemitic newspaper editor Mihaly Kalosvari Borska.


title: Debrecen

text: An order to erect a ghetto was issued on 28 April 1944, in the name of the town mayor Sandor Kolscey, who opposed the act, and was ousted by the Germans. Jews were forced to build the Ghetto walls, finishing it within less than a month on 15 May 1944.


title: Debrecen

text: On 7 June 1944, all movement in or out of the Ghetto was prohibited and a week later all Debrecen Jews were deported to the nearby Serly brickyards, and stripped of their belongings, joining Jews from other areas.


title: Debrecen

text: Ten families of prominent Jews, including those of Rabbi Weisz and orthodox chief Rabbi Strasser, along with the heads of the Zionist (non orthodox) movement joined the Kasztner train. (According to some sources, the Strasshoff camps were filled with Jews for negotiations in case the Germans could receive something for releasing these Jews, among them 6841 from Debrecen.) 298 of these Debrecen Jews were shot by the SS in Bavaria, after being told they would reach Theresienstadt. Some young Debrecen Jews escaped the town, led by the high school principal Adoniyahu Billitzer and reached Budapest, joining resistance movements and partisans.


title: Debrecen

text: Debrecen was occupied by the Soviet Army on 20 October 1944. Some 4,000 Jews of Debrecen and its surroundings survived the war, creating a community of 4,640 in 1946 – the largest in the region. About 400 of those moved to Israel, and many others moved to the west by 1970, with 1,200 Jews left in the town, using two synagogues, one of them established before World War I.


title: Debrecen

text: Debrecen, typically for its Central European location, has a humid continental climate (Köppen "Dfb").


title: Debrecen

text: Chiefly thanks to the reformation and the prestigious Calvinist College, founded in 1538, Debrecen has been the intellectual and cultural centre of the surrounding area since the 16th century. Over the centuries, the college was transformed into a university, and its intellectual life developed a sphere of influence between Eger and Oradea (Hu: "Nagyvárad", now in Romania). In 1949–1950, several departments of the university were shut down, due to Communist takeover, with many students and teachers being expelled. The University of Debrecen, as it is now called, is still widely recognized work of architecture (mostly thanks to its main building). The university is the largest university in Hungary, has more than 100 departments and is a major research facility in Europe. The university is well known for the cactus research laboratory in the botanic gardens behind the main building.


title: Debrecen

text: In the second half of the 19th century, the Debrecen press attracted several notable figures to the city. Endre Ady, Gyula Krúdy, and Árpád Tóth all began their journalistic careers in Debrecen. Prominent literary figures from the city have included Magda Szabó, and . One of Hungary's best known poets, Mihály Csokonai Vitéz, was born and lived in the city. The city's theatre, built in 1865, was named in his honour in 1916, but can trace its roots back to the National Theatre Company founded in Debrecen in 1789, which at first gave performances in the carthouse of an inn. Celebrated actress Lujza Blaha is among those to have performed there.


title: Debrecen

text: Debrecen is home to Tankcsapda, one of Hungary's most successful rock bands. There is also a rock school in the city which offers training and mentoring to young musicians. Classic media in the city include the newspaper Napló, two TV channels, a range of local radio stations and several companies and associations producing media material.


title: Debrecen

text: Debrecen is the site of an important choral competition, the Béla Bartók International Choir Competition, and is a member city of the European Grand Prix for Choral Singing. Every August the city plays host to a flower festival.


title: Debrecen

text: The development of Debrecen is mainly financed by agricultural, health and educational enterprises. The city is the main center of shopping centers in Eastern Hungary. The Forum Debrecen is the largest shopping center in the region. Debrecen is one of the most developed cities in Hungary, the regional center of international companies such as National Instruments, IT Services Hungary, BT, Continental, BMW and Healthcare Manufacturers (Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd. and Gedeon Richter Plc.).


title: Debrecen

text: Debrecen is located on the Great Hungarian Plain, east of Budapest. Situated nearby is the Hortobágy National Park.


title: Debrecen

text: The city used to be somewhat isolated from Budapest, Hungary's main transport hub. However, the completion of the M35 motorway means Budapest can now be reached in under two hours. Debrecen Airport (the second largest in Hungary) has recently undergone modernisation in order to be able to handle more international flights, although almost all flights to and from Hungary still use Budapest's Ferihegy Airport (now called Budapest Ferenc Liszt International Airport). Cities that can be reached from the Debrecen Airport include Brussels, Eindhoven, London, Malmö, Milan, Tel Aviv, Moscow and Paris. There have also been improvements to some parts of the railway between the capital and Debrecen as part of Hungary's mainly EU-funded National Development Plan for 2004 to 2006.


title: Debrecen

text: There are many railway stations in Debrecen, the most significant is the main station of Debrecen, in addition other smaller stations exist, these include Debrecen-Csapókert, Debrecen-Kondoros, Debrecen-Szabadságtelep and Tócóvölgy.


title: Debrecen

text: Debrecen's proximity to Ukraine, Slovakia and Romania enables it to develop as an important trade centre and transport hub for the wider international region.


title: Debrecen

text: Local transport in the city consists of buses, trolleybuses, and trams. There are 2 tram lines, 5 trolleybus lines, and 60 bus lines. It is provided by the DKV ("Debreceni Közlekedési Vállalat", or "Transport Company of Debrecen"). Nearby towns and villages are linked to the city by Hajdú Volán bus services.


title: Debrecen

text: The city's most famous association football club is Debreceni VSC which won the Nemzeti Bajnokság I seven times, the last one in 2014. Debreceni VSC also known at international level since they reached the 2009-10 UEFA Champions League group stage and the 2010-11 UEFA Europa League group stage. The club's newly built stadium was opened in 2014, where the club could celebrate their seventh title by winning the 2014-15 Nemzeti Bajnokság I. The stadium is also the occasional home of the Hungary national football team. The team hosted Denmark in 2014 and Lithuania in 2015.


title: Debrecen

text: The city had other association football clubs competing in the Nemzeti Bajnokság I. One of them was Bocskai FC who could also won the Magyar Kupa once in 1930. The other club from the city was Dózsa MaDISz TE who competed in the 1945-46 Nemzeti Bajnokság I.


title: Debrecen

text: The city has hosted several international sporting events in recent years, such as the second World Youth Championships in Athletics in July 2001 and the first IAAF World Road Running Championships in October 2006. The 2007 European SC Swimming Championships and World Artistic Gymnastics Championships of 2002 also took place in Debrecen. Most recently, the city hosted the 19th FAI World Hot Air Balloon Championship in October 2010. In 2012, Debrecen hosted the 31st LEN European Swimming Championships.


title: Debrecen

text: The local Municipal Assembly, elected at the 2019 local government elections, is made up of 33 members (1 Mayor, 23 Individual constituencies MEPs and 9 Compensation List MEPs) divided into this political parties and alliances:


title: Plan and Execution

text: "Plan and Execution" is the seventh episode and mid-season finale of the sixth season of "Better Call Saul", the spin-off television series of "Breaking Bad". It was written and directed by Thomas Schnauz. It aired on May 23, 2022, on AMC and AMC+. In several countries outside the United States and Canada, it premiered on Netflix the following day.


title: Plan and Execution

text: In the episode, Jimmy McGill and Kim Wexler carry out their plan to discredit Howard Hamlin during the Sandpiper settlement hearing. Meanwhile, Lalo Salamanca resurfaces in Albuquerque after discovering the location of Gus Fring's secret meth lab.


title: Plan and Execution

text: "Plan and Execution" was met with critical acclaim for its direction, cinematography, score, and on-screen performances, most notably that of Patrick Fabian as Howard. An estimated 1.19 million viewers saw the episode during its first broadcast on AMC.


title: Plan and Execution

text: On the day of the Sandpiper settlement mediation, Jimmy McGill, Kim Wexler, and Jimmy's film crew race to reshoot their photos of the actor portraying mediator Rand Casimiro so the real Casimiro's broken arm will be depicted in the fake pictures. They coat the photos with the pupil-dilating drug they procured from Dr. Caldera, then Jimmy gives them to Howard Hamlin's private investigator, who has been working with Jimmy and Kim all along.


title: Plan and Execution

text: At the Hamlin, Hamlin & McGill (HHM) office, shortly before the mediation session starts, Howard views the photos, which appear to show Jimmy giving someone the $20,000 he recently withdrew from the bank. Jimmy and Kim listen in on the conference call for the mediation. Howard is shocked to recognize Casimiro as the man from the photos and accuses him of accepting money from Jimmy. When Howard attempts to retrieve the photos from his office to prove his allegation, he finds they have been switched for innocuous photos of Jimmy. Howard's erratic behavior causes the end of the mediation conference, and HHM and Davis & Main are compelled to settle the case for less than they expected.


title: Plan and Execution

text: Lalo Salamanca spends several days monitoring Gus Fring's laundry facility. He makes a videotape recording telling Don Eladio he has proof of Gus's disloyalty. Surmising that Gus is monitoring Hector Salamanca's calls, Lalo tells Hector he intends to attack Gus that night. Mike Ehrmantraut plays a recording of the call for Gus, then adds additional protection for Gus by redeploying security teams from targets considered low-priority for Lalo. Howard pieces together Jimmy and Kim's con and goes to their apartment to confront them. Lalo arrives soon afterward, intending to interrogate Jimmy and Kim. As Kim implores Howard to leave, Lalo kills him with a gunshot to the head.


title: Plan and Execution

text: "Plan and Execution" was written and directed by Thomas Schnauz, a veteran writer on "Better Call Saul" and "Breaking Bad". The episode features the death of Howard Hamlin, played by Patrick Fabian, a series regular since the first season. Fabian had been aware prior to the filming of the sixth season that his character would have an early exit but only received word of his character's death about two weeks before filming the episode, remarking that the writers characterized the moment as "a hinge that swings the rest of the season open". Schnauz said Howard's death was "inevitable" because "it just felt like something horrible had to happen as a result of the scam." Rhea Seehorn, who plays Kim, said Howard's death was "the embodiment of what Kim and Jimmy have been pretending is not true this whole season – that there are no consequences to their actions."


title: Plan and Execution

text: The writers explored dozens of possible ways for Howard's story to end. One idea they considered involved the return of the skateboarder twins from the first and second episodes of the series. In it, Howard would have been tricked into thinking he had run over and killed one of them. Schnauz said it was one of many "crazy different plots. We work on these stories for so long and so many days and we go down so many different roads that it's hard to say when it felt like we were on the right road. We just go piece by piece." Another idea would have seen Lalo taking Howard, Jimmy, and Kim hostage but they thought Lalo killing Howard was "a perfect way to scare the ever-living shit out of Jimmy and Kim, to put a bullet in this stranger's head and move on to part two of his plan." Schnauz and director of photography Marshall Adams shot Jimmy and Kim's reactions to Lalo's entrance in a number of ways, finding inspiration from a scene in the fifth-season episode "Bad Choice Road" where a series of intercuts show a traumatized Jimmy's reaction to the sounds of a juicer. Two cameras were set up on the face of actor Bob Odenkirk, who plays Jimmy, to capture the intercuts. Schnauz and editor Skip Macdonald initially submitted a version of the final scene to AMC and Sony that featured a close-up of Jimmy's pupil dilating. When the studios questioned the necessity of the shot, they ultimately decided simpler was better and instead used a shot of Lalo slowly appearing behind Howard as the characters watched in "grave, stunned silence".


title: Plan and Execution

text: Rumors of Howard's death began to circulate online in December 2021, when Odenkirk shared a photo of himself with Fabian, who was dressed in character and had blood in his hair. After "Plan and Execution" aired, Odenkirk admitted his mistake on Twitter: "Well the truth can be told. I screwed up." Fabian said the crew "just pretended there was nothing there, but I also had plenty of explanations for it as well. So I was glad it didn't go any further than it did."


title: Plan and Execution

text: The trick Howard performs to stop a shaken soda from fizzing was added in by Schnauz, who learned it from his father. Jennifer Bryan was the wardrobe designer for the suits Howard wears in the episode and throughout the season, which were handcrafted in Genoa and put together in Los Angeles by Di Stefano of Italy. The storm drain from which Lalo looks out of with binoculars does not exist. The sewer system was built on a stage using pieces from the oil tanker from the sixth-season episode "Rock and Hard Place". Tony Dalton, who plays Lalo, shot his scenes on the stage. The storm drain was later digitally added to the scenes during post-production.


title: Plan and Execution

text: In August 2020, series co-creator Peter Gould said he was not in favor of splitting the sixth and final season into two parts. In February 2022, AMC revealed they would be splitting the season, with "Plan and Execution" as the mid-season finale before a six-week intermission. In May, Gould teased the episode by saying the cliffhanger was "a big one. I think this is going to be a painful few weeks for a few people to find out what happens." The day before the episode aired, Schnauz said, "Just to warn everyone: we wrote S6 of #BetterCallSaul to be aired as 13 continuous episodes, but various delays split the season in half. So 607 was not written or filmed as a traditional 'cliffhanger.'" After the episode aired, Gould said "it just so happened that Howard's death came right in the middle of the season. And it was a good breaking point, midseason, for AMC." Schanuz reiterated that the writers did not plan on having the event of Howard's death as a midseason finale and maintained that this was a coincidence.


title: Plan and Execution

text: "Plan and Execution" received universal acclaim from critics. On the review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, 100% of seven reviews are positive, with an average rating of 10/10. Scott Tobias of "Vulture" and Nick Harley of "Den of Geek" shared five out of five ratings for the episode, while Kimberly Potts from "The A.V. Club" and Steve Greene from "IndieWire" both gave it an "A" grade. "Salon" named it the third best TV episode of the year. Crew members that were recognized for their work on this episode included writer and director Thomas Schnauz, composer Dave Porter, cinematographer Marshall Adams, and cast members Patrick Fabian, Bob Odenkirk, and Rhea Seehorn. The first half of the episode, depicting Jimmy and Kim's execution of their plan against Howard, was well received. "Rolling Stone"s Alan Sepinwall gave positive notes to Porter's score during these sequences, calling it "some of his jauntiest caper music of the series' entire run".


title: Plan and Execution

text: The attention to detail, such as the flickering of the burning candle, staging, and performances in the final scene received critical acclaim. Howard's death was compared to that of teenager Drew Sharp's death in the "Breaking Bad" episode "Dead Freight", in addition to the apartment scene from "Pulp Fiction" where Samuel L. Jackson's character casually shoots a man before asking the man's friend, "Oh, I'm sorry, did I break your concentration?" Melanie McFarland of "Salon" noted the double meaning behind the episode's title and categorized the reveal of what "execution" meant as "one of the darkest [scenes] in the series", though she said it was not on "the same level of tragedy" as the "Breaking Bad" episode "Ozymandias". Fabian's performance was highlighted as the episode's best. Greene said his scenes were "all delivered with the strength of someone who knows he's down to his last few scenes. Yet, Fabian doesn't overplay any of them. Even down to the 'Who are you?' Howard gives Lalo (a perfect delivery that somehow gives some levity to an impossibly tense situation), he never tips that the end is coming right around the corner. Suffice to say, Howard's death marks an undeniable shift for the home stretch."


title: Plan and Execution

text: An estimated 1.19 million viewers watched "Plan and Execution" during its first broadcast on AMC on May 23, 2022. The episode's viewership increased by 87% to 2.2 million viewers after three days of delayed viewership. On AMC+, "Plan and Execution" was watched 61% more than the season premiere, "Wine and Roses".


title: Plan and Execution

text: At the 74th Primetime Emmy Awards, Bob Odenkirk received a nomination for Outstanding Lead Actor in a Drama Series for this episode, while Thomas Schnauz received a nomination for Outstanding Writing for a Drama Series.


title: Eurasian otter

text: The Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra), also known as the European otter, Eurasian river otter, common otter, and Old World otter, is a semiaquatic mammal native to Eurasia. The most widely distributed member of the otter subfamily (Lutrinae) of the weasel family (Mustelidae), it is found in the waterways and coasts of Europe, many parts of Asia, and parts of northern Africa. The Eurasian otter has a diet mainly of fish, and is strongly territorial. It is endangered in some parts of its range, but is recovering in others.


title: Eurasian otter

text: The Eurasian otter is a typical species of the otter subfamily. Brown above and cream below, these long, slender creatures are well-equipped for their aquatic habits. Their bones show osteosclerosis, increasing their density to reduce buoyancy. This otter differs from the North American river otter by its shorter neck, broader visage, the greater space between the ears and its longer tail. However, the Eurasian otter is the only otter in much of its range, so it is rarely confused for any other animal. Normally, this species is long, not counting a tail of . The female is shorter than the male. The otter's average body weight is , although occasionally a large old male may reach up to . The record-sized specimen, reported by a reliable source but not verified, weighed over .


title: Eurasian otter

text: The Eurasian otter is the most widely distributed otter species, its range including parts of Asia and Africa, as well as being spread across Europe, south to Palestine. Though currently thought to be extinct in Liechtenstein and Switzerland, it is now common in Latvia, along the coast of Norway, in the western regions of Spain and Portugal and across Great Britain and Ireland. In Italy, it lives in southern parts of the peninsula.


title: Eurasian otter

text: It inhabits unpolluted bodies of fresh water such as lakes, streams, rivers, canals and ponds, as long as the food supply is adequate. In Andalusia, it uses artificial lakes on golf courses. It prefers the open areas of the streams and also lives along the coast in salt water, but requires regular access to fresh water to clean its fur.


title: Eurasian otter

text: In Syria, the Eurasian otter was recorded in montane creeks in Latakia and Raqqa Governorates and in the lower Euphrates valley in Deir ez-Zor Governorate.


title: Eurasian otter

text: In western Nepal, its presence was documented at elevations of around in Barekot river in Jajarkot District and at in Tubang river in Eastern Rukum District.


title: Eurasian otter

text: In India, it is distributed in the Himalayan foothills, southern Western Ghats and the central Indian landscape.


title: Eurasian otter

text: The Eurasian otter's diet mainly consists of fish. Fish is its most preferred choice of food in Mediterranean and temperate freshwater habitats. During the winter and in colder environments, it also feeds on amphibians, crustaceans, insects, birds and sometimes small mammals, including young European beavers.


title: Eurasian otter

text: As with various other mustelid species, otters are capable of overpowering and killing prey significantly larger than themselves, and are known to hunt large waterbirds such as adult greylag geese on occasion.


title: Eurasian otter

text: Eurasian otters are strongly territorial, living alone for the most part. An individual's territory may vary between about long, with about being usual. The length of the territory depends on the density of food available and the width of the water suitable for hunting (it is shorter on coasts, where the available width is much wider, and longer on narrower rivers). The Eurasian otter uses its feces, called spraints, to mark its territory and prioritize the use of resources to other group members. The territories are only held against members of the same sex, so those of males and females may overlap. Mating takes place in water. Eurasian otters are nonseasonal breeders (males and females will breed at any time of the year) and it has been found that their mating season is most likely determined simply by the otters' reproductive maturity and physiological state. Female otters become sexually mature between 18 and 24 months old and the average age of first breeding is found to be years. Gestation for the Eurasian otter is 60–64 days, the litter weighing about 10% of the female body mass. After the gestation period, one to four pups are born, which remain dependent on the mother for about 13 months. The male plays no direct role in parental care, although the territory of a female with her pups is usually entirely within that of the male. Hunting mainly takes place at night, while the day is usually spent in the Eurasian otter's holt (den) – usually a burrow or hollow tree on the riverbank which can sometimes only be entered from underwater. Though long thought to hunt using sight and touch only, evidence is emerging that they may also be able to smell underwater – possibly in a similar manner to the star-nosed mole.


title: Eurasian otter

text: The extinct Japanese otter is sometimes considered a subspecies; recent studies have found it to fall outside the subspecific clades comprising "L. lutra", so it has been reclassified as a distinct species, but significant uncertainty remains.


title: Eurasian otter

text: The Eurasian otter declined across its range in the second half of the 20th century primarily due to pollution from pesticides such as organochlorine and polychlorinated biphenyls. Other threats included habitat loss and hunting, both legal and illegal. Eurasian otter populations are now recovering in many parts of Europe. In the United Kingdom, the number of sites with an otter presence increased by 55% between 1994 and 2002. In August, 2011, the Environment Agency announced that otters had returned to every county in England since vanishing from every county except the West Country and parts of Northern England. Recovery is partly due to a ban on the most harmful pesticides that has been in place across Europe since 1979, partly to improvements in water quality leading to increases in prey populations, and partly to direct legal protection under the European Union Habitats Directive and national legislation in several European countries. In Hong Kong, it is a protected species under Wild Animals Protection Ordinance Cap 170. It is listed as Near Threatened by the IUCN Red List.


title: Eurasian otter

text: It is listed as endangered in Pakistan, India, Bangladesh, Myanmar and Thailand, and critically endangered in Mongolia. In South Korea, it is listed as a Natural Monument and first-class endangered species.


title: Eurasian otter

text: Most species that are victims of population decline or a loss of habitat tend to eventually lose their genetic difference due to inbreeding from small populations. A study conducted in 2001, examined whether or not the populations of Eurasian otters suffered from a lack of genetic variability. In the study, they examined teeth of otter skulls at the Zoological Museum, Copenhagen and the Natural History Museum, Aarhus. The samples were collected between 1883 and 1963 in Denmark (Funen, Zealand, and Jutland). The study examined the tissue on the teeth of the skulls and determined the genetic variability based on DNA analysis. In conclusion, the study discovered that despite the population declines, the Eurasian otter was not a victim of declining genetic variability.


title: Eurasian otter

text: The decline in population of native freshwater fishes in the rivers of Iberia, which is the preferred food of Eurasian otters, along with the expansion of exotic fish species like centrarchids could potentially put Eurasian otters at risk for extinction.


title: Do-Re-Mi

text: "Do-Re-Mi" is a show tune from the 1959 Rodgers and Hammerstein musical "The Sound of Music". Each syllable of the musical solfège system appears in the song's lyrics, sung on the pitch it names. Rodgers was helped in its creation by long-time arranger Trude Rittmann who devised the extended vocal sequence in the song.


title: Do-Re-Mi

text: The tune finished at #88 in AFI's 100 Years...100 Songs survey of the top tunes in American cinema in 2004.


title: Do-Re-Mi

text: Within the story of "The Sound of Music", it is used by the governess Maria to teach the solfège of the major musical scale to the Von Trapp children, who learn to sing for the first time. According to assistant conductor Peter Howard, the heart of the number — in which Maria assigns a musical tone to each child, like so many Swiss bell ringers — was devised in rehearsal by Rittmann (who was credited for choral arrangements) and choreographer Joe Layton. The fourteen note and tune lyric — 'when you know the notes to sing...' — were provided by Rodgers and Hammerstein; the rest, apparently, came from Rittmann. According to Howard, "Rodgers allowed her to do whatever she liked. When we started doing the staging of it, Joe took over. He asked Trude for certain parts to be repeated, certain embellishments."


title: Do-Re-Mi

text: In the stage version, Maria sings the song in the living room of Captain von Trapp's house shortly after she introduces herself to the children. However, when Ernest Lehman adapted the stage script into a screenplay for the 1965 film adaptation, he moved the song to later on in the story. In the film, Maria and the children sing this song over a montage as they wander and frolic over Salzburg.


title: Do-Re-Mi

text: Author Douglas Adams noted in his article "Unfinished Business of the Century" that, while each line of the lyric takes the name of a note from the solfège scale, and gives its meaning, "La, a note to follow So..." does not fit that pattern and should be considered a placeholder. Adams humorously imagined that Oscar Hammerstein just wrote "a note to follow So" and thought he would have another look at it later, but could not come up with anything better.


title: Do-Re-Mi

text: Since the song features wordplay with English words that sound like the solfège syllables, foreign versions of the song do not translate the English lyrics. Instead, they use the local solfège and associate each syllable with a meaning in the native language. In most countries, the note B is represented by "si" instead of "ti".


title: Do-Re-Mi

text: When "The Sound of Music" was translated to German in 2005 for the Vienna Volksoper, the song "Do-Re-Mi" was rewritten as ""C wie Cellophanpapier"". The solfège syllables were replaced with the letters C through H, and the mnemonics were words that began with each letter. However, when the musical finally premiered in its setting of Salzburg in 2011, it was performed with a German version of Do-Re-Mi that kept the solfège.


title: Polyrhythm

text: Polyrhythm is the simultaneous use of two or more rhythms that are not readily perceived as deriving from one another, or as simple manifestations of the same meter. The rhythmic layers may be the basis of an entire piece of music (cross-rhythm), or a momentary section. Polyrhythms can be distinguished from irrational rhythms, which can occur within the context of a single part; polyrhythms require at least two rhythms to be played concurrently, one of which is typically an irrational rhythm. Concurrently in this context means within the same rhythmic cycle. The underlying pulse, whether explicit or implicit can be considered one of the concurrent rhythms. For example, the son clave is poly-rhythmic because its 3 section suggests a different meter from the pulse of the entire pattern.


title: Polyrhythm

text: In some European art music, polyrhythm periodically contradicts the prevailing meter. For example, in Mozart's opera "Don Giovanni", two orchestras are heard playing together in different metres ( and ):


title: Polyrhythm

text: It is a particularly common feature of the music of Brahms. Writing about the Violin Sonata in G major, Op. 78, Jan Swafford (1997, p. 456) says "In the first movement Brahms plays elaborate games with the phrasing, switching the stresses of the meter back and forth between and , or superimposing both in violin and piano. These ideas gather at the climax at measure 235, with the layering of phrases making an effect that perhaps during the 19th century only Brahms could have conceived."


title: Polyrhythm

text: In "The Snow Is Dancing" from his "Children's Corner" suite, Debussy introduces a melody "on a static, repeated B-flat, cast in triplet-division cross rhythms which offset this stratum independently of the sixteenth notes comprising the two dancing-snowflake lines below it." "In this section great attention to the exactitude of rhythms is demanded by the polyrhythmic superposition of pedals, ostinato, and melody."


title: Polyrhythm

text: Concerning the use of a two-over-three (2:3) hemiola in Beethoven's String Quartet No. 6, Ernest Walker states, "The vigorously effective Scherzo is in time, but with a curiously persistent cross-rhythm that does its best to persuade us that it is really in ."


title: Polyrhythm

text: The illusion of simultaneous and , suggests polymeter: triple meter combined with compound duple meter.


title: Polyrhythm

text: However, the two beat schemes interact within a metric hierarchy (a single meter). The triple beats are primary and the duple beats are secondary; the duple beats are cross-beats within a triple beat scheme.


title: Polyrhythm

text: The four-note ostinato pattern of Mykola Leontovych's "Carol of the Bells" (the first measure below) is the composite of the two-against-three hemiola (the second measure).


title: Polyrhythm

text: Another example of polyrhythm can be found in measures 64 and 65 of the first movement of Mozart's Piano Sonata No. 12. Three evenly-spaced sets of three attack-points span two measures.


title: Polyrhythm

text: Cross-rhythm refers to systemic polyrhythm. The "Concise Oxford Dictionary of Music" defines it as “The Regular shift of some beats in a metric pattern to points ahead of or behind their normal positions.” The finale of Brahms Symphony No. 2 features a powerful passage where the prevailing metre of four beats to the bar becomes disrupted. Here is the passage as notated in the score: Here is the same passage re-barred to clarify how the ear may actually experience the changing metres: “Polyrhythms run through Brahms’s music like an obsessive-compulsive streak...For Brahms, subdividing a measure of time into different units and layering different patterns on top of one another seemed to be almost a compulsion — as well as a compositional device and an engine of expression. ”


title: Polyrhythm

text: Another straightforward example of a cross-rhythm is 3 evenly spaced notes against 2 (3:2), also known as a hemiola. Two simple and common ways to express this pattern in standard western musical notation would be 3 quarter notes over 2 dotted quarter notes within one bar of time, quarter note triplets over 2 quarter notes within one bar of time. Other cross-rhythms are 4:3 (with 4 dotted eighth notes over 3 quarter notes within a bar of time as an example in standard western musical notation), 5:2, 5:3, 5:4, etc.


title: Polyrhythm

text: In auditory processing, rhythms are perceived as pitches once they have been sufficiently sped up. Furthermore, intervals of rhythms are perceived as intervals of pitch once sufficiently sped up. As such, there is a parallel between cross-rhythms and musical intervals: in an audible frequency range, the 2:3 ratio produces the musical interval of a perfect fifth, the 3:4 ratio produces a perfect fourth, and the 4:5 ratio produces a major third. All these interval ratios are found in the harmonic series. These are called harmonic polyrhythms.


title: Polyrhythm

text: In traditional European ("Western") rhythms, the most fundamental parts typically emphasize the primary beats. By contrast, in rhythms of sub-Saharan African origin, the most fundamental parts typically emphasize the secondary beats. This often causes the uninitiated ear to misinterpret the secondary beats as the primary beats, and to hear the true primary beats as cross-beats. In other words, the musical "background" and "foreground" may mistakenly be heard and felt in reverse—Peñalosa (2009: 21)


title: Polyrhythm

text: In non-Saharan African music traditions, cross-rhythm is the generating principle; the meter is in a permanent state of contradiction. Cross-rhythm was first explained as the basis of non-Saharan rhythm in lectures by C.K. Ladzekpo and the writings of David Locke.


title: Polyrhythm

text: From the philosophical perspective of the African musician, cross-beats can symbolize the challenging moments or emotional stress we all encounter. Playing cross-beats while fully grounded in the main beats, prepares one for maintaining a life-purpose while dealing with life's challenges. Many non-Saharan languages do not have a word for "rhythm", or even "music". From the African viewpoint, the rhythms represent the very fabric of life itself; they are an embodiment of the people, symbolizing interdependence in human relationships—Peñalosa (2009: 21).


title: Polyrhythm

text: At the center of a core of rhythmic traditions within which the composer conveys his ideas is the technique of cross-rhythm. The technique of cross-rhythm is a simultaneous use of contrasting rhythmic patterns within the same scheme of accents or meter... By the very nature of the desired resultant rhythm, the main beat scheme cannot be separated from the secondary beat scheme. It is the interplay of the two elements that produces the cross-rhythmic texture—Ladzekpo (1995).


title: Polyrhythm

text: Eugene Novotney observes: "The 3:2 relationship (and [its] permutations) is the foundation of most typical polyrhythmic textures found in West African musics." 3:2 is the "generative" or "theoretic form" of non-Saharan rhythmic principles. Victor Kofi Agawu succinctly states, "[The] resultant [3:2] rhythm holds the key to understanding... there is no independence here, because 2 and 3 belong to a single Gestalt."


title: Polyrhythm

text: The two beat schemes interact within the hierarchy of a single meter. The duple beats are primary and the triple beats are secondary. The example below shows the African 3:2 cross-rhythm within its proper metric structure.


title: Polyrhythm

text: The music of African xylophones, such as the balafon and gyil, is often based on cross-rhythm. In the following example, a Ghanaian gyil sounds a 3:2-based ostinato melody. The left hand (lower notes) sounds the two main beats, while the right hand (upper notes) sounds the three cross-beats. The cross-beats are written as quarter-notes for visual emphasis.


title: Polyrhythm

text: The following notated example is from the kushaura part of the traditional mbira piece "Nhema Mussasa". The mbira is a lamellophone. The left hand plays the ostinato bass line while the right hand plays the upper melody. The composite melody is an embellishment of the 3:2 cross-rhythm.


title: Polyrhythm

text: Sub-Saharan instruments are constructed in a variety of ways to generate polyrhythmic melodies. Some instruments organize the pitches in a uniquely divided alternate array, not in the straight linear bass to treble structure that is so common to many western instruments such as the piano, harp, or marimba.


title: Polyrhythm

text: Lamellophones including mbira, mbila, mbira huru, mbira njari, mbira nyunga, marimba, karimba, kalimba, likembe, and okeme. This family of instruments are found in several forms indigenous to different regions of Africa and most often have equal tonal ranges for right and left hands. The kalimba is a modern version of these instruments originated by the pioneer ethnomusicologist Hugh Tracey in the early 20th century which has over the years gained worldwide popularity.


title: Polyrhythm

text: Chordophones, such as the West African kora, and doussn'gouni, part of the harp-lute family of instruments, also have this African separated double tonal array structure.Another instrument, the Marovany from Madagascar is a double sided box zither which also employs this divided tonal structure. Trough zithers also have the ability to play polyrhythms.


title: Polyrhythm

text: The Gravikord is a new American instrument closely related to both the African kora and the kalimba was created in the latter 20th century to also exploit this adaptive principle in a modern electro-acoustic instrument.


title: Polyrhythm

text: On these instruments, one hand of the musician is not primarily in the bass nor the other primarily in the treble, but both hands can play freely across the entire tonal range of the instrument. Also, the fingers of each hand can play separate independent rhythmic patterns, and these can easily cross over each other from treble to bass and back, either smoothly or with varying amounts of syncopation. This can all be done within the same tight tonal range, without the left and right hand fingers ever physically encountering each other. These simple rhythms will interact musically to produce complex cross rhythms including repeating on beat/off beat pattern shifts that would be very difficult to create by any other means. This characteristically African structure allows often simple playing techniques to combine with each other to produce polyrhythmic music.


title: Polyrhythm

text: Polyrhythm is a staple of modern jazz. Although not as common, use of systemic cross-rhythm is also found in jazz. In 1959, Mongo Santamaria recorded "Afro Blue", the first jazz standard built upon a typical African 6:4 cross-rhythm (two cycles of 3:2). The song begins with the bass repeatedly playing 6 cross-beats per each measure of (6:4). The following example shows the original ostinato "Afro Blue" bass line. The cross noteheads indicate the main beats.


title: Polyrhythm

text: The famous jazz drummer Elvin Jones took the opposite approach, superimposing two cross-beats over every measure of a jazz waltz (2:3). This swung is perhaps the most common example of overt cross-rhythm in jazz. In 1963 John Coltrane recorded "Afro Blue" with Elvin Jones on drums. Coltrane reversed the metric hierarchy of Santamaria's composition, performing it instead in swing (2:3).


title: Polyrhythm

text: Nigerian percussion master Babatunde Olatunji arrived on the American music scene in 1959 with his album "Drums of Passion", which was a collection of traditional Nigerian music for percussion and chanting. The album stayed on the charts for two years and had a profound impact on jazz and American popular music. Trained in the Yoruba sakara style of drumming, Olatunji would have a major impact on Western popular music. He went on to teach, collaborate and record with numerous jazz and rock artists, including Airto Moreira, Carlos Santana and Mickey Hart of the Grateful Dead. Olatunji reached his greatest popularity during the height of the Black Arts Movement of the 1960s and 1970s.


title: Polyrhythm

text: Afro-Cuban music makes extensive use of polyrhythms. Cuban Rumba uses 3-based and 2-based rhythms at the same time. For example, the lead drummer (playing the quinto) might play in , while the rest of the ensemble keeps playing . Afro-Cuban "conguero", or conga player, Mongo Santamaría was another percussionist whose polyrhythmic virtuosity helped transform both jazz and popular music. Santamaria fused Afro-Latin rhythms with R&B and jazz as a bandleader in the 1950s, and was featured in the 1994 album "Buena Vista Social Club", which was the inspiration for the like-titled documentary released five years later.


title: Polyrhythm

text: Another form of polyrhythmic music is south Indian classical Carnatic music. A kind of rhythmic solfege called konnakol is used as a tool to construct highly complex polyrhythms and to divide each beat of a pulse into various subdivisions, with the emphasised beat shifting from beat cycle to beat cycle.


title: Polyrhythm

text: Common polyrhythms found in jazz are 3:2, which manifests as the quarter-note triplet; 2:3, usually in the form of dotted-quarter notes against quarter notes; 4:3, played as dotted-eighth notes against quarter notes (this one demands some technical proficiency to perform accurately, and was not at all common in jazz before Tony Williams used it when playing with Miles Davis); and finally time against , which along with 2:3 was used famously by Elvin Jones and McCoy Tyner playing with John Coltrane.


title: Polyrhythm

text: Frank Zappa, especially towards the end of his career, experimented with complex polyrhythms, such as 11:17, and even nested polyrhythms (see "The Black Page" for an example). The metal bands Mudvayne, Nothingface, Threat Signal, Lamb of God, also use polyrhythms in their music. Contemporary progressive metal bands such as Meshuggah, Gojira, Periphery, Textures, TesseracT, Tool, Animals as Leaders, Between the Buried and Me and Dream Theater also incorporate polyrhythms in their music, and polyrhythms have also been increasingly heard in technical metal bands such as Ion Dissonance, The Dillinger Escape Plan, Necrophagist, Candiria, The Contortionist and Textures. Much minimalist and totalist music makes extensive use of polyrhythms. Henry Cowell and Conlon Nancarrow created music with yet more complex polytempo and using irrational numbers like :"e".


title: Polyrhythm

text: Peter Magadini's album "Polyrhythm", with musicians Peter Magadini, George Duke, David Young, and Don Menza, features different polyrhythmic themes on each of the six songs.


title: Polyrhythm

text: King Crimson used polyrhythms extensively in their 1981 album "Discipline". Above all Bill Bruford used polyrhythmic drumming throughout his career.


title: Polyrhythm

text: The band Queen used polyrhythm in their 1974 song "The March of the Black Queen" with and time signatures.


title: Polyrhythm

text: Talking Heads' "Remain in Light" used dense polyrhythms throughout the album, most notably on the song "The Great Curve".


title: Polyrhythm

text: Megadeth frequently tends to use polyrhythm in its drumming, notably from songs such as "Sleepwalker" or the ending of "My Last Words", which are both played in 2:3.


title: Polyrhythm

text: Carbon Based Lifeforms have a song named ""Polyrytmi"", Finnish for "polyrhythm", on their album Interloper. This song indeed does use polyrhythms in its melody.


title: Polyrhythm

text: Japanese girl group Perfume made use of the technique in their single, appropriately titled "Polyrhythm", included on their second album Game. The bridge of the song incorporates , in the vocals, common time () and in the drums.


title: Polyrhythm

text: The Britney Spears single "Till the World Ends" (released March 2011) uses a 4:3 cross-rhythm in its hook.


title: Polyrhythm

text: The outro of the song "Animals" from the album "The 2nd Law" by the band Muse uses and time signatures for the guitar and drums respectively.


title: Polyrhythm

text: The Japanese idol group 3776 makes use of polyrhythm in a number of their songs, most notably on their 2014 mini-album "Love Letter", which features five songs that all include several rhythmic references to the number 3776. A secret track on the album has the group's leader, Ide Chiyono, explain some of the uses of polyrhythm to the listener.


title: Polyrhythm

text: Harpist and pop folk musician Joanna Newsom is known for the use of polyrhythms on her albums "The Milk-Eyed Mender" and "Ys".


title: Polyrhythm

text: King Gizzard used polyrhythms extensively in their album "Polygondwanaland" and throughout their discography.


title: Polyrhythm

text: The following is an example of a 3 against 2 polyrhythm, given in time unit box system (TUBS) notation; each box represents a fixed unit of time; time progresses from the left of the diagram to the right. It is in bad form to teach a student to play 3:2 polyrhythms as simply quarter note, eighth note, eighth note, quarter note. The proper way is to establish sound bases for both the quarter-notes, and the triplet-quarters, and then to layer them upon each other, forming multiple rhythms. Beats are indicated with an X; rests are indicated with a blank.


title: Polyrhythm

text: A common memory aid to help with the 3 against 2 polyrhythm is that it has the same rhythm as the phrase "not difficult"; the simultaneous beats occur on the word "not"; the second and third of the triple beat land on "dif" and "cult", respectively. The second 2-beat lands on the "fi" in "difficult". Try saying "not difficult" over and over in time with the sound file above. This will emphasize the "3 side" of the 3 against 2 feel. Now try saying the phrase "not a problem", stressing the syllables "not" and "prob-". This will emphasize the "2 side" of the 3 against 2 feel. More phrases with the same rhythm are "cold cup of tea", "four funny frogs", "come, if you please", and "ring, Christmas bells".


title: Polyrhythm

text: Similar phrases for the 4 against 3 polyrhythm are "pass the golden butter" or "pass the goddamn butter" and "what atrocious weather" (or "what a load of rubbish" in British English); the 4 against 3 polyrhythm is shown below.


title: Polyrhythm

text: As can be seen from above, the counting for polyrhythms is determined by the lowest common multiple, so if one wishes to count 2 against 3, one needs to count a total of 6 beats, as lcm(2,3) = 6 (<samp>123456</samp> and <samp>123456</samp>). However this is only useful for very simple polyrhythms, or for getting a feel for more complex ones, as the total number of beats rises quickly. To count 4 against 5, for example, requires a total of 20 beats, and counting thus slows the tempo considerably. However some players, such as classical Indian musicians, can intuitively play high polyrhythms such as 7 against 8.


title: Polyrhythm

text: Polyrhythms are quite common in late Romantic Music and 20th-century classical music. Works for keyboard often set odd rhythms against one another in separate hands. A good example is in the soloist's cadenza in Grieg's Concerto in A Minor; the left hand plays arpeggios of seven notes to a beat; the right hand plays an ostinato of eight notes per beat while also playing the melody in octaves, which uses whole notes, dotted eighth notes, and triplets.


title: Polyrhythm

text: Other instances occur often in Rachmaninoff's Piano Concerto No. 2. The piano arpeggios that constitute much of the soloist's material in the first movement often have anywhere from four to eleven notes per beat. In the last movement, the piano's opening run, marked 'quasi glissando', fits 52 notes into the space of one measure, making for a glissando-like effect while keeping the mood of the music. Other instances in this movement include a scale that juxtaposes ten notes in the right hand against four in the left, and one of the main themes in the piano, which imposes an eighth-note melody on a triplet harmony.


title: Juraj Slafkovský

text: Juraj Slafkovský (born 30 March 2004) is a Slovak professional ice hockey forward for the Montreal Canadiens of the National Hockey League (NHL). He was selected first overall in the 2022 NHL Entry Draft by the Canadiens, the highest-drafted Slovak player in the history of the NHL.


title: Juraj Slafkovský

text: Slafkovský first rose to prominence as a member of the Slovak national team at the 2022 Winter Olympics, where he played a pivotal role in Slovakia's first ever Olympic medal in hockey. Leading the tournament in scoring, he was named its most valuable player. He was identified as part of a new generation of promising Slovak hockey players.


title: Juraj Slafkovský

text: Slafkovský first left home at the age of 14 to train at Red Bull's ice hockey academy in Austria. After months spent there and in the Czech Republic competing against older teenagers, he moved to Finland's HC TPS, seeking a higher class of competition. Slafkovský played three seasons with TPS's team in the Finnish junior league, before making his debut in the Liiga for the 2021–22 season. His debut in the senior men's ranks was initially inauspicious, recording only 1 goal in his first twenty games. After returning from his star turn at the 2022 Winter Olympics, Slafkovský's play improved noticeably, and he finished the regular season with 5 goals and 5 assists. He went on to record 2 goals and 5 assists in eighteen playoff games. TPS advanced to the Finals, but lost to Tappara in five games.


title: Juraj Slafkovský

text: Slafkovský was eligible for the 2022 NHL Entry Draft, and by the mid-season assessment was being cited as a potential top five selection, in particular on the strength of his international performances. The presumptive first overall pick at the beginning of the season, Shane Wright of the Ontario Hockey League's (OHL) Kingston Frontenacs, was judged by many as having "left the door open for someone to unseat him" after a subpar start. As the draft approached, Slafkovský had emerged as Wright's primary challenger, and topped a number of rankings by scouts and commentators. The first overall pick was won by the Montreal Canadiens, whose general manager, Kent Hughes, confirmed days before the draft that the choice was between Slafkovský, Wright and Logan Cooley of the USNTDP.


title: Juraj Slafkovský

text: On July 7, the Canadiens used the first overall pick to select Slafkovský. He became the highest-drafted Slovak player in the history of the NHL, surpassing Marián Gáborík, who was taken third overall in 2000. As well, with defenceman Šimon Nemec selected second overall by the New Jersey Devils, this was only the second time in history that a single European country had the top two selections in a single draft (after Russia in 2004). The Canadiens also selected Filip Mešár, another Slovak player and longtime friend of Slafkovský's, later in the first round. Six days after the draft, Slafkovský signed a three-year entry level contract with the Canadiens.


title: Juraj Slafkovský

text: Upon arrival in Montreal he found that his preferred no. 20 jersey number, which he had used with the Slovak national team, was already in use by defenceman Chris Wideman. However, Wideman agreed to cede the number to Slafkovský in exchange for an autographed jersey as a keepsake for his newborn son. His performance in the pre-season games was a subject of considerable media interest, with Sportsnet saying he "at times appeared out of his element," but Hughes stated "we've seen the start of a process of adjusting from hockey in Europe to hockey in North America." The general manager indicated that Slafkovský would be given the opportunity to develop with the Canadiens, though there was a possibility of him spending time with the team's American Hockey League (AHL) affiliate Laval Rocket. On October 10, it was confirmed that he had made the Canadiens' opening night roster for the regular season. He appeared in his first NHL game on October 12, a 4–3 victory over their traditional archrival the Toronto Maple Leafs. In his fifth game with the team on October 20, he scored his first goal in the NHL during a 6–2 rout of the Arizona Coyotes. After missing three games with an unspecified upper body injury, Slafkovský returned to the lineup on October 29 and was placed on the power play for the first time, where he scored his first power play goal (and second NHL goal) that same night against the St. Louis Blues. After boarding Detroit Red Wings forward Matt Luff in a November 8 game, he was suspended for two games by the NHL.


title: Juraj Slafkovský

text: Debuting on the international scene in 2021, Slafkovský competed as part of Slovakia national team on both the under-20 and senior rosters, appearing at the 2021 World Junior Ice Hockey Championships and the 2021 IIHF World Championship. He then joined the U18 team at the 2021 Hlinka Gretzky Cup, winning a silver medal.


title: Juraj Slafkovský

text: Slafkovský was one of two 17-year-olds included on Slovakia national team for the 2022 Winter Olympics tournament, alongside Šimon Nemec, with Slafkovský being the youngest player in the tournament. He scored both of Slovakia's goals in the opening game against Finland, a 6–2 loss, becoming the first 17-year-old to score in men's Olympic ice hockey since Eddie Olczyk in 1984. Slafkovský finished the tournament as its top scorer with seven goals in seven games, leading Slovakia to a bronze medal, their first ever Olympic medal in ice hockey. He was voted MVP of the tournament. He was later named to the national team for the 2022 IIHF World Championship, recording 3 goals and 6 assists in nine games. His performance at the World Championships was later said to have further enhanced his profile ahead of the NHL draft. In recognition of his international performances in 2022, the Slovak Ice Hockey Federation gave Slafkovský its Player of the Year award, as well as the honours as Best Forward and Best U20 Player. He was the youngest recipient of Slovakia's Player of the Year award.


title: BT Sport

text: BT Sport is a group of pay television sports channels in the United Kingdom and Ireland. Owned by Warner Bros. Discovery Sports Europe and BT Group, they first launched on 1 August 2013. The channels are based at the former International Broadcast Centre at the Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park in London. BT Sport is available on the BT TV, Sky and Virgin Media television platforms in the UK and Sky, Eir TV and Vodafone TV in the Republic of Ireland.


title: BT Sport

text: BT Sport holds exclusive live UK and Republic of Ireland TV rights to 52 Premier League matches per season, the UEFA Champions League, UEFA Europa League, UFC, National League, Ligue 1, Serie A, the European Rugby Challenge Cup, the Premiership Rugby Cup, MotoGP, the FIH Hockey World League and WWE. They are also the official broadcast partner of the European Rugby Champions Cup and Premiership Rugby.


title: BT Sport

text: News of BT's first foray into sports broadcasting first came about on 12 June 2012, when it was announced that they had won the rights to 38 live Premier League matches for three seasons from the 2013-14 season, beating ESPN UK, which had held the shared rights with Sky Sports the previous season. BT announced at the same time that it would be launching its own channel for its new football coverage. The news followed speculation that ESPN was reconsidering its position in the UK. The following months also saw BT win rights to Premiership Rugby and its associated 7s Series, and American, Brazilian, French and Italian top-flight football.


title: BT Sport

text: On 25 February 2013, BT announced an agreement to acquire ESPN's television networks in the UK and Ireland, including ESPN and international sports channel ESPN America; this agreement gave BT rights to the FA Cup beginning in 2013–14, the Bundesliga and UEFA Europa League through 2015, and the Scottish Premier League through 2017, as well as other international event rights licensed through ESPN. The value of the deal was not disclosed, but BT was understood to be paying "low tens of millions". The deal was expected to close by 31 July, and BT was expected to operate at least one ESPN-branded channel as part of the BT Sport service.


title: BT Sport

text: BT made other notable rights deals ahead of BT Sport's launch, including UFC mixed martial arts under a three-year deal, and MotoGP beginning in 2014, under a five-year deal. In May 2013, BT announced that BT Sport would be offered for free to its internet subscribers via streaming. Media analyst Steve Hewlett felt that BT's entry into the sport market was an effort to help strengthen its triple play business and, in particular, help retain internet subscribers lost to Sky (which he believed would result in greater financial loss than those that would be sustained by operating BT Sport).


title: BT Sport

text: BT Sport launched on 1 August 2013. On 12 August, BT reported that over 1,000,000 households had subscribed to the service ahead of the start of the 2013–14 Premier League, although admitting that the majority of them were BT internet subscribers.


title: BT Sport

text: On 9 November 2013, BT Sport announced its acquisition of rights to the UEFA Champions League and Europa League beginning in 2015–16, under a three-year deal valued at £897 million, replacing Sky and ITV. The interactive service BT Sport Extra launched in 2014. In January 2015, BT Sport renewed its licensing agreement with ESPN International under a seven-year deal, allowing it to continue operating an ESPN-branded network as part of BT Sport, and hold rights to ESPN original programming, and event broadcast rights that are distributed internationally by ESPN.


title: BT Sport

text: On 9 June 2015, BT Sport announced it would launch a new channel, BT Sport Europe, which would carry all UEFA Champions League and Europa League matches. Concurrently it was announced that only the BT Sport 1 channel would be free to BT internet subscribers, and that BT Sport 2, BT Sport ESPN, and BT Sport Europe would require viewers to subscribe for £5 extra. BT also announced a Freeview HD channel, BT Sport Showcase, which would carry 12 Champions League matches and 14 Europa League matches per season on a free-to-air basis, including at least one match per-round, each English team featured once, and the finals of both tournaments.


title: BT Sport

text: BT Sport also announced that it would launch BT Sport Ultra HD, the first 4K sports channel in the UK, on 2 August for the 2015 FA Community Shield. The channel would initially be exclusive to BT TV on BT Infinity, with a 4K service package and compatible YouView set-top box. In 2016, BT Sport Europe was renamed BT Sport 3.


title: BT Sport

text: In 2017, BT Sport began an agreement with boxing promoter Frank Warren, under which Warren's channel BoxNation would be distributed as part of the BT Sport service, and that BT Sport and BoxNation would co-produce 20 cards per-year, which would air on Saturday nights and be simulcast by both networks. In April 2018, BT Sport announced a pay-per-view service, BT Sport Box Office, with an intent to broadcast premium boxing events. On 2 August 2019, BT Sport relaunched its 4K channel as BT Sport Ultimate, and began to offer Dolby Atmos sound and high dynamic range (HDR) on supported devices.


title: BT Sport

text: On 20 June 2019, BT Sport announced an agreement to carry the programming and pay-per-views of U.S. professional wrestling promotion WWE, ending a relationship with Sky Sports that dated back to the network's launch in 1989.


title: BT Sport

text: In April 2021, it was reported that BT were exploring a sale of all or part of BT Sport, in order to focus more on its fibreoptic services. Rumoured suitors included Amazon.com Inc. (which is one of the Premier League's current rightsholders), the sports streaming provider DAZN (which had notably beat out Sky Italia for exclusive domestic rights to Serie A football), and ESPN owner Disney. By September 2021, DAZN were reported to be in "advanced talks" with BT. However, in December, it was reported that negotiations had stalled, and that Discovery Inc.—who owns competitor Eurosport, and were preparing to merge with WarnerMedia to form Warner Bros. Discovery—was negotiating a joint venture with BT to combine their respective networks. In February 2022, the two companies entered exclusive negotiations.


title: BT Sport

text: On 11 May 2022 Warner Bros. Discovery EMEA (WBD) announced that it had reached an agreement to combine its Eurosport UK business with BT Sport in a 50/50 joint venture, in a transaction scheduled to be completed by the end of 2022 pending approval from regulators and sports bodies. Under the agreement, WBD will assume the operations of BT Sport, and merge them with Eurosport under a new brand at a later date. WBD will pay £93 million to BT over three years; if performance targets are met, WBD will pay a bonus of up to £540 million. The company will also have the option to buy out more of BT's stake in the venture. As part of the agreement, BT agreed to distribute Warner Bros. Discovery's factual streaming service Discovery+—which is the streaming platform of Eurosport—at no charge to most BT TV subscribers, and those who subscribe to BT Sport via the company directly.


title: BT Sport

text: The venture was approved by the Competition and Markets Authority (CMA) on 22 July 2022, and completed on 1 September.


title: BT Sport

text: On 1 August 2022, BT Sport ESPN was rebranded as BT Sport 4, while the BT Sport Extra overflow channels were rebranded as BT Sport 5 through 10.


title: BT Sport

text: In the UK, BT Sport is available in standard definition with all BT TV packages for BT Broadband customers. The 4K channel BT Sport Ultimate is also available to BT Superfast Fibre customers for an additional fee. BT Sport operates five part-time overflow channels, originally branded as BT Sport Extra, but branded since August 2022 as BT Sport 5–10. They are carried via the red button on Sky, and displayed as individual channels on the BT and Virgin Media EPGs.


title: BT Sport

text: On Sky BT Sport 1 only is currently offered for free to broadband subscribers as 'BT Sport Lite', regardless of what subscription they have. Plusnet TV also offered the same until 1 November 2021 when their TV brand was discontinued, however BT Sport is still available to Plusnet customers via the app service. Customers who wish to view the remaining channels can subscribe to the 'BT Sport Pack' in either standard or high definition. BT also provide broadband subscribers access to the channels via the BT Sport online player and mobile app.


title: BT Sport

text: Virgin Media customers receive BT Sport 1, 2, 3, 4 , and Ultimate as part of their "Full House" bundle however, they do not receive BoxNation or AMC from BT.


title: BT Sport

text: TalkTalk TV customers must subscribe to the BT Sport Pack in order to receive the entire range of channels.


title: BT Sport

text: In the Republic of Ireland, BT Sport channels (except Ultimate) are bundled with Eir Sport subscriptions across all platforms, as a part of a deal BT had with its predecessor Setanta Sports


title: BT Sport

text: In addition Freeview HD customers received BT Sport Showcase and Virgin Media customers received BT Sport Free. They closed on 30 June 2018.


title: BT Sport

text: On 4 December 2018, the SD versions of BT Sport and BT Sport ESPN stopped broadcasting on Virgin Media.


title: BT Sport

text: On 6 February 2019, BT Sport released the app for Xbox One. It was later released for PlayStation 4 on 31 May 2019. On 8 September, 2020 BT Sport also launched on Fire TV, Android TV and the Roku devices.


title: BT Sport

text: Plans for the channels launch came about when it was announced in June 2012 that the broadcast rights to the Premier League from the 2013–14 to 2015–16 seasons were awarded to BT and Sky, outbidding existing broadcaster ESPN for the rights. BT showed 38 live matches from the Premier League each season, including 18 first pick matches, from the 2013/14 season til the end of the 2015/16 season.


title: BT Sport

text: In October 2012, BT announced it had also agreed deals to air Serie A, Ligue 1, Brasileirão and Major League Soccer, all of which were previously broadcast on ESPN, as well as Premiership Rugby.


title: BT Sport

text: In January 2013, BT announced they would also broadcast Women's Tennis Association matches from 21 tournaments.


title: BT Sport

text: On 25 February 2013, BT announced that it had acquired ESPN's UK channels and their sports broadcasting rights, including rights to the FA Cup, UEFA Europa League, Scottish Premier League, Bundesliga and NASCAR. This led to the shutting down of ESPN Classic and ESPN America in favour of the BT Sport channels.


title: BT Sport

text: On 7 May 2013, BT Sport acquired the rights to air Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC) events and taped programming in the UK and Ireland for three years, from 1 August. Two days later it was announced that BT Sport had acquired an exclusive five-year deal to broadcast MotoGP races from the 2014 season, including free practices and qualifying as well as full coverage of Moto2 and Moto3. BT Sport also broadcasts the FA WSL, A-League and programming from Red Bull Media House.


title: BT Sport

text: On 9 May 2013, BT announced that they had acquired the exclusive UK TV rights to MotoGP along with the Moto2 and Moto3 championships.


title: BT Sport

text: Later in May, BT Sport acquired rights to the Football Conference for two years with 25-30 live games a season, including the end-of-season play-offs.


title: BT Sport

text: On 9 November 2013, BT announced a £897 million deal with UEFA to broadcast the Champions League and Europa League exclusively on BT Sport from the 2015–16 season for three years. The deal ended two decades of the competition being broadcast free-to-air on ITV, although BT stated that the finals of both competitions and at least one match per season involving each participating British team would still be broadcast free-to-air.


title: BT Sport

text: In January 2014, it was reported that BT Sport had acquired the rights to broadcast the World Rally Championship for the 2014 season.


title: BT Sport

text: BT Sport currently has the rights to show 68 live Premier League matches in 2020–21 and 52 live matches per season between 2021–22 and 2024–25 seasons. Their packages (A and G) give BT the rights to 20 second pick and 12 fifth pick matches. The coverage for the current rights period see BT Sport showing live matches on Saturday lunchtimes at 12:30 pm, they will also show midweek matches and 5 matches from the split weekend. The rights to the Premier League are shared with Sky Sports and Amazon Prime Video, who have 128 live matches, and 20 live matches respectively. The BBC, have highlights of all matches on "Match of the Day".


title: BT Sport

text: Premier League matches are anchored by presenter, Lynsey Hipgrave. Matt Smith, Jake Humphrey, or Darrell Currie also present when there is more than one game broadcast on BT across a matchweek. Studio pundits include Rio Ferdinand, Joe Cole, Peter Crouch, Michael Owen, Paul Scholes, Owen Hargreaves, Jermaine Jenas, Martin Keown, Robbie Savage, Glenn Hoddle, Steve McManaman and Chris Sutton. Lead commentary is provided by Darren Fletcher and Ian Darke, with Paul Dempsey, Adam Summerton and Rory Hamilton occasionally appearing, while co-commentary is provided by Steve McManaman, Robbie Savage, Glenn Hoddle, Martin Keown, Jermaine Jenas and Chris Sutton. BT sport typically uses field two commentators for most of matches they broadcast, one lead commentator and one co-commentor, but for bigger games they sometimes may field three commentators, using two co-commentators. The main match reporter is Des Kelly, however, Andy May, Reshmin Chowdhury, Darrell Currie, Lynsey Hipgrave and Matt Smith all occasionally appear as reporters too.


title: BT Sport

text: BT Sport Score is a weekly television programme broadcast on BT Sport during the football season. The programme was launched in 2016 to rival the BBC's "Final Score" and Sky Sports' "Soccer Saturday". The programme updates viewers on the progress of association football games in the United Kingdom on Saturday afternoons between 2:45 pm and 5:00 pm. Darrell Currie and Jules Breach present BT Sport Score with Breach giving updates on Football League games, Fantasy football and social media. Usual pundits on the programme include Robbie Savage, Chris Sutton, Peter Crouch, Karen Carney and Jermaine Jenas, along with various other guests, with ex Premier League referee, Peter Walton providing analysis on refereeing across the games.


title: BT Sport

text: BT Sport has exclusive live coverage of the UEFA Champions League, UEFA Europa League, UEFA Super Cup and UEFA Europa Conference League until 2024.


title: BT Sport

text: Since 2015, BT Sport have had exclusive live coverage of the UEFA Super Cup. In 2019, Gary Lineker presented alongside Joe Cole, Glenn Hoddle and Steve Mcmanaman. Darren Fletcher and Jermaine Jenas commentated, with Des Kelly and Lynsey Hipgrave both reporting.


title: BT Sport

text: BT Sport has exclusive rights to the Vanarama National League covering 1 game a weekend. Matt Smith is the main presenter, often being joined by pundits Grant Holt, Chris Hargreaves and Kevin Davies with Davies very occasionally providing co-commentary. Match commentator Adam Summerton is joined by Adam Virgo in the commentary box. Reporters include, Jeff Brazier and Natalie Quirk, and occasionally, Becky Ives.


title: BT Sport

text: BT have the full exclusive rights to the FA Trophy and FA Vase finals every year from Wembley. Most recently in 2019, Matt Smith presented the games with Peter Drury and Kevin Davies commentating on the 2019 FA Vase Final and Adam Summerton and Adam Virgo commentating on the 2019 FA Trophy Final, with Jeff Brazier reporting across both games.


title: BT Sport

text: BT Sport currently have exclusive rights to Ligue 1. Lead commentators on Ligue 1 action comes from Wayne Boyce, Simon Brotherton, Paul Dempsey, Dave Farrar, James Fielden, Seb Hutchinson, Alistair Mann, Dan Mason, Jonathan Pearce, John Roder, Dan Roebuck, Adam Summerton, Paul Walker, Oliver Wilson and Steven Wyeth. The co-commentators include Clive Allen, Tony Dorigo, Efan Ekoku, Kevin Gallacher, Don Hutchison, Chris Perry, Stewart Robson, Nigel Spackman and Adam Virgo.


title: BT Sport

text: BT Sport announced they had regained Serie A rights in a three-season deal until the end of the 2023/24 season. At least five live games will be shown each round, totalling more than 200 live games across the season. It also announced that James Richardson will also host a new weekly Serie A show talking about all the main stories from each round of action. BT previously held exclusive rights to the Serie A until the end of 2017-18 season.


title: BT Sport

text: BT Sport also airing the Coppa Italia plus Supercoppa. The same commentators heard on BT's coverage of Ligue 1 can also be heard on Coppa Italia.


title: BT Sport

text: BT Sport currently have exclusive rights to the A-League where Paramount+ Australia/Network 10 commentators and pundits are used.


title: BT Sport

text: From April 2022, BT Sport secured rights to show live coverage of the Canadian Premier League; simultaneously sealing a deal to show Canada women's international friendly double-header against Nigeria the same month.


title: BT Sport

text: BT became a senior broadcast partner of Premiership Rugby in 2013–14. The original Premiership coverage deal ran until the 2016–17 season and allowed BT Sport to exclusively broadcast up to 69 live games per season. The Aviva Premiership's viewing figures rose by 40% in TV audiences in its first season with BT Sport. A third deal was signed in December 2020 to cover Premiership Rugby and the Premiership Rugby Cup until 2024. The deal covers up to 80 matches a season from 2016–17 and introduced an extended highlights programme from the 2015–16 season. Subsequently, in 2017 Channel 5 announced a deal that would see them simulcast five matches per season until the end of the 2020–21 season. ITV subsequently took over the simulcasting rights, broadcasting up to 6 league season matches and the final between the 2021–22 and 2023–24 seasons.


title: BT Sport

text: The deal with BT Sport also sees them exclusively broadcast the league's associated sevens series and the Premiership Rugby Cup. BT Sport also had exclusive live rights to the Anglo-Welsh Cup from 2016–17 until its final competition in 2017–18.


title: BT Sport

text: BT originally shared rights to European Professional Club Rugby (EPCR)'s champions and challenge cups with Sky Sports. The shared nature of the deal meant each broadcaster would exclusively broadcast up to 30 pool matches, 2 quarter-finals and 1 semi-final from each competition with the finals being shown by both. BT also received first pick on Champions Cup matches involving Premiership Rugby clubs.


title: BT Sport

text: For seven seasons from the 2018–19 season, BT Sport became the official broadcast partner of the Champions and Challenge cups and broadcast up to 134 matches per season. The Challenge Cup will be shown exclusively on BT Sport whilst broadcasting of the Champions Cup was shared with Channel 4 in the UK and Virgin Media Sport in the Republic of Ireland until 2022 and with ITV and RTÉ from 2022 to 2024. Both channels simulcast one match from each round and the final.


title: BT Sport

text: Craig Doyle is the main presenter with Martin Bayfield and Sarra Elgan also presenting. Lawrence Dallaglio, Ben Kay, David Flatman, Austin Healey, Brian O'Driscoll and Ugo Monye provide further punditry and co-commentary. The reporters include Bayfield and Elgan as well as, Tim Cocker. BT Sport usually have one forward and one back acting as co-commentators on every match so one of Dallaglio, Kay or Flatman along with one of Healey, O'Driscoll or Monye join the lead commentator, Nick Mullins or Alastair Eykyn in the commentary box.


title: BT Sport

text: On BT's coverage of the Champions Cup, as well as those used on the Premiership rugby coverage, guest pundits and guest co-commentators are regularly used. In addition to Mullins and Eykyn, freelance lead commentators such as Andrew Cotter, Martin Gillingham, Ryle Nugent, Hugh Cahill, Scott Hastings and Sara Orchard are used, and along with Bayfield, Elgan and Cocker, Jill Douglas, Ross Harries, Sonja McLaughlan and Lauren Smith are also involved with presenting and reporting on coverage too.


title: BT Sport

text: In August 2015, it was announced that BT Sport had claimed the rights for Australia's home matches for five years starting in the 2016-17 season. This means that BT would show The Ashes series between England and Australia in 2017-18 with deal also including the Big Bash League, the Women's Ashes and the Women's Big Bash League.


title: BT Sport

text: From the 2018-19 Australian cricketing summer through to 2020-21, BT Sport took feeds from Australian broadcasters, Fox Cricket and Channel 7, with coverage being introduced out-of-vision by Matt Smith, Simon Hughes or Charles Dagnall.


title: BT Sport

text: As of 2021, BT Sport have secured rights to all international and domestic cricket played in West Indies and New Zealand, which includes England's tour to the West Indies in 2022. In November 2021, BT renewed their deal with Cricket Australia which sees them cover matches until 2025. This includes the 2021–22 Ashes series, but excludes the Big Bash League and Women's Big Bash League.


title: BT Sport

text: BT Sport has rights to numerous British, European, American and global motorsport series both in live and highlights form.


title: BT Sport

text: MotoGP is BT Sport's flagship motorsports event and in addition to the main MotoGP event, BT shows the Moto2, Moto3, Red Bull Rookies and CEV Repsol championships. Suzi Perry hosts the coverage alongside pundits Colin Edwards, Sylvain Guintoli, Michael Laverty and Neil Hodgson. Commentary is provided by Gavin Emmett and Hodgson, with Charlie Hiscott joined for Friday sessions coverage. Natalie Quirk appears as reporter. Emmett also presents "Chequered Flag" which is aired after the MotoGP race has finished.


title: BT Sport

text: BT Sport also broadcasts motorcycle speedway including, the Premiership Speedway, Speedway Grand Prix and the Speedway of Nations. Natalie Quirk and Scott Nicholls host the coverage. The commentary team is Nigel Pearson and Kelvin Tatum with Steve Brandon, the reporter.


title: BT Sport

text: Other live series include the World Rally Championship, FIA World Endurance Championship, FIA European Formula Three Championship, International GT Open, World Series by Renault, Deutsche Tourenwagen Masters, and the Australian Supercars Championship where the world feed is taken directly from the host broadcaster. Highlights packages are also shown on BT Sport for series such as BRDC Formula 4 Championship and the British Formula Three Championship.


title: BT Sport

text: BT Sport shows extensive coverage of American sports, including Major League Baseball (MLB), American College sports (NCAA football and NCAA basketball), Major League Lacrosse (MLL), and the X Games. BT Sport has a long-term agreement with ESPN to carry its original programming (including original documentaries and studio programmes), and events whose international rights are owned by ESPN International.


title: BT Sport

text: BT Sport holds the UK rights to UFC programming, most recently renewed in 2018, including live events and other non-live programming. They also broadcast Cage Warriors events on occasions.


title: BT Sport

text: Since UFC 239, selected UFC pay-per-view events have now been carried exclusively on BT Sport Box Office, and are no longer included at no additional charge—a move which faced criticism from domestic fans.


title: BT Sport

text: BT Sports first ever live event was August 3, 2013 of which was UFC 163 headlined by José Aldo and The Korean Zombie.


title: BT Sport

text: BT Sport have been highly praised by the UFC and fans alike for their coverage and work on their promo's. They have also created their own original programming to go alongside this such as Dan Hardy's Breakdown Show, preview and post fight shows and even hosting their own awards show with Nick Peet, Adam Catterall and UFC Hall of Famer Michael Bisping.


title: BT Sport

text: BT Sport will often air UFC produced shows during their programming such as UFC Now, Connected, Main Event, Greatest Fights, Countdown and more.


title: BT Sport

text: Since 2017 BT Sport has an association with BoxNation to show certain live fights from Frank Warren Promotions. On 15 September 2018 BT Sport showed its first boxing pay-per-view boxing event - the rematch between Gennady Golovkin and Saul Alvarez and on 1 December 2018 BT showed the Deontay Wilder vs. Tyson Fury fight. Both were shown on BT's pay-per-view channel BT Sport Box Office. Paul Dempsey leads the coverage alongside Richie Woodhall, Steve Bunce and other guests. John Rawling and Barry Jones provide commentary with Caroline Pearce or Ronald McIntosh the ringside reporters.


title: BT Sport

text: On June 20, 2019, U.S. professional wrestling promotion WWE announced that its programming would move to BT Sport in the beginning of 2020 (with pay-per-view programs sold via BT Sport Box Office), ending a relationship with Sky Sports that dated back to the network's launch in 1989. As well as live shows, BT Sport also shows repeated highlights of Raw, SmackDown, NXT, NXT UK and pay-per-views. In addition, they show certain WWE Network programs, such as WWE Ruthless Aggression and WWE 24, as well as special editions of No Filter WWE.


title: BT Sport

text: Due to COVID-19 restrictions, WWE were unable to film their NXT UK shows under typical circumstances. To resolve this, BT let WWE utilize a set at the BT London Studios. NXT UK recommenced tapings on September 17, 2020.


title: BT Sport

text: In February, the World Poker Tour (WPT) announced a new deal with BT Sports to broadcast the World Poker Tour in the UK and Ireland across BT Sports networks. The company will broadcast season XV of the WPT, which took place from 2016–2017. Highlights from the season include the first WPT victory of poker commentator Mike Sexton and the first victory by a woman in an open WPT event.


title: BT Sport

text: BT Sport obtained the rights to the FA Cup through its acquisition of ESPN, who had one year remaining in their existing contract. In 2016, BT Group extended its contract with The Football Association to show up to 30 live games a season from the competition from 2018–19 to 2020–21.


title: BT Sport

text: In the first and second rounds, Matt Smith, Reshmin Chowdhury, Lynsey Hipgrave or Darrell Currie hosted the coverage. Lead commentary on these games was provided by Adam Summerton, Ian Darke and Paul Dempsey, alongside co-commentators, Adam Virgo and Kevin Davies. Reporters on these games included, Andy May, Natalie Quirk, Jeff Brazier and Becky Ives.


title: BT Sport

text: From the third round onwards, Jake Humphrey, Lynsey Hipgrave, Darrell Currie or Matt Smith hosted, alongside pundits taken from the Premier League coverage. Lead commentators included, Darke, Dempsey and Summerton as well as, Darren Fletcher and Peter Drury, and co-commentators included, Steve McManaman, Robbie Savage, Glenn Hoddle, Martin Keown and Jermaine Jenas. Reporters included, Des Kelly, Reshmin Chowdhury and Andy May.


title: BT Sport

text: The 2021 FA Cup Final was the last FA Cup game covered on BT Sport, with ITV regaining the rights from the 2021–22 season onwards.


title: BT Sport

text: From 2015 to 2020, BT Sport held exclusive live coverage of the FA Community Shield. From 2021, these rights transferred to ITV.


title: BT Sport

text: BT hosted rights to show 30 Scottish Professional Football League games a season, sharing the rights with Sky Sports and BBC Alba. Darrell Currie was the main presenter with pundits including Chris Sutton, Stephen Craigan, Ally McCoist, Michael Stewart and Alex Rae. All of these pundits also contributed to co-commentary duty alongside Derek Rae, Rory Hamilton, or Rob MacLean who were the lead commentators. There was always a 3-man commentary line up on the Scottish coverage with the most prominent co-commentary pairing being Craigan and Sutton. Emma Dodds and Connie McLaughlin were the match reporters on the coverage. From the 2016/17 season, BT Sport had aired a 30-minute preview show "Scottish Football Extra" before every live match. From the 2020–21 season, all 48 live SPFL Premiership matches will be on Sky Sports.


title: BT Sport

text: From the start of the 2016–17 season, BT Sport had been the home of exclusive live coverage of the Scottish League Cup, showing two or three live matches per round, from July through to the final in November. The same personnel used on the SPFL coverage was used on Scottish League Cup coverage. From 2020, Premier Sports, will take over the rights for the Scottish League Cup showing 12 to 16 games per season.