title: Price of oil

text: Peak oil is the period when the maximum rate of global petroleum extraction is reached, after which the rate of production enters terminal decline. It relates to a long-term decline in the available supply of petroleum. This, combined with increasing demand, will significantly increase the worldwide prices of petroleum derived products. Most significant will be the availability and price of liquid fuel for transportation.


title: Price of oil

text: The US Department of Energy in the Hirsch report indicates that "The problems associated with world oil production peaking will not be temporary, and past "energy crisis" experience will provide relatively little guidance."


title: Price of oil

text: Global annual crude oil production (including shale oil, oil sands, lease condensate and gas plant condensate but excluding liquid fuels from other sources such as natural gas liquids, biomass and derivatives of coal and natural gas) increased from in 2008 to per day in 2018 with a marginal annual growth rate of 1%. During the year 2020 crude oil consumption is expected to decrease from earlier year due to Coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic.


title: Price of oil

text: The rising oil prices could negatively impact the world economy. One example of the negative impact on the world economy, is the affect on the supply and demand. High Oil prices indirectly increase the cost of producing many products thus causing increased prices to the consumer. Since supplies of petroleum and natural gas are essential to modern agriculture techniques, a fall in global oil supplies could cause spiking food prices in the coming decades. One reason for the increase in food prices in 2007–08 may be the increase in oil prices during the same period.


title: Price of oil

text: Bloomberg warned that the world economy, which was already experiencing an inflationary "shock", would worsen with oil priced at $100 in February 2022. The International Monetary Fund (IMF) described how a combination of the "soaring" price of commodities, imbalances in supply and demand, followed by pressures related to the Russian invasion of Ukraine, resulted in monetary policies being tightened by central banks, as some inflation in some countries broke 40-year-old record highs. The IMF also cautioned that there was a potential for social unrest in poorer nations as the price of food and fuel increases.


title: Price of oil

text: A major rise or decline in oil price can have both economic and political impacts. The decline on oil price during 1985–1986 is considered to have contributed to the fall of the Soviet Union. Low oil prices could alleviate some of the negative effects associated with the resource curse, such as authoritarian rule and gender inequality. Lower oil prices could however also lead to domestic turmoil and diversionary war. The reduction in food prices that follows lower oil prices could have positive impacts on violence globally.


title: Price of oil

text: Research shows that declining oil prices make oil-rich states less bellicose. Low oil prices could also make oil-rich states engage more in international cooperation, as they become more dependent on foreign investments. The influence of the United States reportedly increases as oil prices decline, at least judging by the fact that "both oil importers and exporters vote more often with the United States in the United Nations General Assembly" during oil slumps.


title: Price of oil

text: The macroeconomics impact on lower oil prices is lower inflation. A lower inflation rate is good for the consumers. This means that the general price of a basket of goods would increase at a bare minimum on a year to year basis. Consumer can benefit as they would have a better purchasing power, which may improve real gdp. However, in recent countries like Japan, the decrease in oil prices may cause deflation and it shows that consumers are not willing to spend even though the prices of goods are decreasing yearly, which indirectly increases the real debt burden. Declining oil prices may boost consumer oriented stocks but may hurt oil-based stocks. It is estimated that 17–18% of S&P would decline with declining oil prices.


title: Price of oil

text: It has also been argued that the collapse in oil prices in 2015 should be very beneficial for developed western economies, who are generally oil importers and aren't over exposed to declining demand from China. In the Asia-Pacific region, exports and economic growth were at significant risk across economies reliant on commodity exports as an engine of growth. The most vulnerable economies were those with a high dependence on fuel and mineral exports to China, such as: Korea DPR, Mongolia and Turkmenistan—where primary commodity exports account for 59–99% of total exports and more than 50% of total exports are destined to China. The decline in China's demand for commodities also adversely affected the growth of exports and GDP of large commodity-exporting economies such as Australia (minerals) and the Russian Federation (fuel). On the other hand, lower commodity prices led to an improvement in the trade balance—through lower the cost of raw materials and fuels—across commodity importing economies, particularly Cambodia, Kyrgyzstan, Nepal and other remote island nations (Kiribati, Maldives, Micronesia (F.S), Samoa, Tonga, and Tuvalu) which are highly dependent on fuel and agricultural imports.


title: Price of oil

text: The oil importing economies like EU, Japan, China or India would benefit, however the oil producing countries would lose. A Bloomberg article presents results of an analysis by Oxford Economics on the GDP growth of countries as a result of a drop from $84 to $40. It shows the GDP increase between 0.5% to 1.0% for India, USA and China, and a decline of greater than 3.5% from Saudi Arabia and Russia. A stable price of $60 would add 0.5 percentage point to global gross domestic product.


title: Price of oil

text: Katina Stefanova has argued that falling oil prices do not imply a recession and a decline in stock prices. Liz Ann Sonders, Chief Investment Strategist at Charles Schwab, had earlier written that that positive impact on consumers and businesses outside of the energy sector, which is a larger portion of the US economy will outweigh the negatives.


title: Price of oil

text: While President Trump said in 2018, that the lower price of oil was like a "big Tax Cut for America and the World", "The Economist" said that rising oil prices had a negative impact on oil-importing countries in terms of international trade. Import prices rise in relation to their exports. The importing country's current account deficits widen because "their exports pay for fewer imports".


title: Price of oil

text: In the wake of the 1970s oil crisis, speculative trading in crude oil and crude oil futures in the commodity markets emerged.


title: Price of oil

text: NYMEX launched crude oil futures contracts in 1983, and the IPE launched theirs in June 1988. Global crude oil prices began to be published through NYMEX and IPE crude oil futures market. Volatility in crude oil prices can cause problems for the global economy. These crude oil futures contracts helped mitigate the "economic hazards of international crude oil spot price fluctuations". By 2019, NYMEX and ICE had become "representative of the world crude oil futures market"—an important factor in the world economy. Crude oil futures bring some uncertainty to the market and contribute to crude oil price fluctuations.


title: Price of oil

text: By 2008, there were a number of widely traded oil futures market listings. Some of the big multinational oil companies actively participate in crude oil trading applying their market perception to make profit.


title: Price of oil

text: According to a U.S. Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) 29 May 2008 report the "Multiple Energy Market Initiatives" was launched in partnership with the United Kingdom Financial Services Authority and ICE Futures Europe in order to expand surveillance and information sharing of various futures contracts. Part 1 is "Expanded International Surveillance Information for Crude Oil Trading." This announcement received wide coverage in the financial press, with speculation about oil futures price manipulation. In June 2008 "Business Week" reported that the surge in oil prices prior to the financial crisis of 2008 had led some commentators to argue that at least some of the rise was due to speculation in the futures markets. The July 2008 interim report by the Interagency Task Force found that speculation had not caused significant changes in oil prices and that the increase in oil prices between January 2003 and June 2008 [were] largely due to fundamental supply and demand factors." The report found that the primary reason for the price increases was that the world economy had expanded at its fastest pace in decades, resulting in substantial increases in the demand for oil, while the oil production grew sluggishly, compounded by production shortfalls in oil-exporting countries.


title: Price of oil

text: The report stated that as a result of the imbalance and low price elasticity, very large price increases occurred as the market attempted to balance scarce supply against growing demand, particularly from 2005 to 2008. The report forecast that this imbalance would persist in the future, leading to continued upward pressure on oil prices, and that large or rapid movements in oil prices are likely to occur even in the absence of activity by speculators.


title: Price of oil

text: The use of hedging using commodity derivatives as a risk management tool on price exposure to liquidity and earnings, has been long established in North America. Chief Financial Officers (CFOS) use derivatives to dampen, remove or mitigate price uncertainty. Bankers also use hedge funds to more "safely increase leverage to smaller oil and gas companies." However, when not properly used, "derivatives can multiply losses" particularly in North America where investors are more comfortable with higher levels of risk than in other countries.


title: Price of oil

text: With the large number of bankruptcies as reported by Deloitte "funding [for upstream oil industry] is shrinking and hedges are unwinding." "Some oil producers are also choosing to liquidate hedges for a quick infusion of cash, a risky bet."


title: Price of oil

text: According to John England, the Vice-chairman Deloitte LLP, "Access to capital markets, bankers' support and derivatives protection, which helped smooth an otherwise rocky road, are fast waning...The roughly 175 companies at risk of bankruptcy have more than $150 billion in debt, with the slipping value of secondary stock offerings and asset sales further hindering their ability to generate cash."


title: Price of oil

text: To finance exploration and production of the unconventional oil industry in the United States, "hundreds of billions of dollars of capital came from non-bank participants [non-bank buyers of bank energy credits] in leveraged loans] that were thought at the time to be low risk. However, with the oil glut that continued into 2016, about a third of oil companies are facing bankruptcy. While investors were aware that there was a risk that the operator might declare bankruptcy, they felt protected because "they had come in at the 'bank' level, where there was a senior claim on the assets [and] they could get their capital returned."


title: Price of oil

text: According to a 2012 article in "Oil and Gas Financial Journal", "the combination of the development of large resource plays in the US and the emergence of business models designed to ensure consistent dividend payouts to investors has led to the development of more aggressive hedging policies in companies and less restrictive covenants in bank loans."


title: Price of oil

text: At the fifth annual World Pensions Forum in 2015, Jeffrey Sachs advised institutional investors to divest from carbon-reliant oil industry firms in their pension fund's portfolio.


title: Price of oil

text: On February 10, 2020, oil reached its lowest level in over a year, with the pandemic a major reason. WTI fell 1.5 percent to $49.57, the lowest since January 2019, and Brent dropped 2.2 percent to $53.27, the lowest since December 2018. WTI ended February 28 down more than 16 percent for the week, the most in 11 years, falling 5 percent to $44.76 on February 28. Brent closed at $50.52. Both were the lowest since December 2018. Warmer than usual weather was one reason but the major factor was concerns about economic slowdown due to COVID-19.


title: Price of oil

text: With worldwide demand continuing to decline due to COVID-19, oil fell for a fifth straight week at the end of March and any actions taken by Saudi Arabia or Russia would be inconsequential.


title: Price of oil

text: In the first quarter, the percentage loss was the worst ever, 66.5 percent for WTI and 65.6 percent for Brent. Then on April 2, WTI jumped 24.7 percent to $25.32 and Brent rose 21 percent to $29.94, the biggest percentage increase in a single day ever, in anticipation of significant production cuts.


title: Price of oil

text: On April 20, the front month contract for WTI fell below zero, an unprecedented event. With the contract for May delivery expiring on April 21, the contract for June delivery became the new front month contract; on April 22 after settling at $13.78, WTI was the lowest since the 1990s.


title: Price of oil

text: In December 2020 demand appeared likely to rise in China, and a pandemic relief package appeared more likely in the United States, while COVID-19 vaccines became available. WTI ended December 15 the highest since February, and Brent reached the highest since March.


title: Price of oil

text: WTI and Brent finished the first week of February 2021 at the highest since January 2020. COVID-19 vaccines were a big reason for positive economic news.


title: Price of oil

text: The third week of March ended with the largest loss for a week since October, with COVID-19 increases in Europe a big reason. In April, optimism about the end of the pandemic was a factor in oil price increases.


title: Price of oil

text: On August 9 COVID-19 restrictions in China and other parts of Asia threatened to slow demand. WTI reached its lowest level since May. Later in August WTI and Brent had their worst week since October, with concern over the Delta variant a major reason.


title: NXT In Your House (2022)

text: The 2022 NXT In Your House was the 30th In Your House professional wrestling event produced by WWE, and the third annual held for the promotion's NXT brand division. It took place on Saturday, June 4, 2022, at the WWE Performance Center in Orlando, Florida and aired on WWE's livestreaming platforms.


title: NXT In Your House (2022)

text: In June 2020, WWE revived In Your House as a subseries of the NXT TakeOver series. In September 2021, however, the TakeOver series was discontinued after NXT reverted to being WWE's developmental territory. With the scheduling of this 2022 event, In Your House became its own event for NXT. Unlike the , which also aired on pay-per-view (PPV), the 2022 event was only available via livestreaming, as beginning with Stand & Deliver in April, NXT's major events no longer air on PPV.


title: NXT In Your House (2022)

text: Six matches were contested at the event. In the main event, Bron Breakker defeated Joe Gacy to retain the NXT Championship. In other prominent matches, The Creed Brothers (Brutus Creed and Julius Creed) defeated Pretty Deadly (Elton Prince and Kit Wilson) to win the NXT Tag Team Championship, Carmelo Hayes defeated Cameron Grimes to win the NXT North American Championship, and in the opening bout, Tony D'Angelo, Channing Lorenzo, and Troy Donovan defeated Legado Del Fantasma (Santos Escobar, Cruz Del Toro, and Joaquin Wilde).


title: NXT In Your House (2022)

text: In Your House was a series of monthly pay-per-view (PPV) shows that were held by WWE from May 1995 to February 1999. They aired when the promotion was not holding one of its then-five major PPVs (WrestleMania, King of the Ring, SummerSlam, Survivor Series, and Royal Rumble), and were sold at a lower cost. The branding was retired following February 1999's event, as the company moved to install permanent names for each of its monthly PPVs. After 21 years, In Your House was for WWE's NXT brand as a subseries of the NXT TakeOver series, being held annually in June. In September 2021, however, the TakeOver series was discontinued after NXT was rebranded as NXT 2.0, reverting the brand to being WWE's developmental territory. Despite TakeOver's discontinuation, the announcement of the 2022 event confirmed that In Your House would continue on as NXT's annual June event. It was scheduled to be held on Saturday, June 4, 2022, at NXT's home base of the WWE Performance Center in Orlando, Florida. It was the 30th event in the In Your House chronology and the third held under the NXT banner. Unlike the previous year, which also aired on traditional pay-per-view, the 2022 event was only available to livestream on Peacock in the United States and the WWE Network in international markets.


title: NXT In Your House (2022)

text: The card included matches that resulted from scripted storylines, where wrestlers portrayed heroes, villains, or less distinguishable characters in scripted events that built tension and culminated in a wrestling match or series of matches. Results were predetermined by WWE's writers on the NXT brand, while storylines were produced on the weekly television program "NXT 2.0" and the supplementary online streaming show "Level Up".


title: NXT In Your House (2022)

text: At the "NXT" special Spring Breakin' on May 3, Bron Breakker defeated Joe Gacy to retain the NXT Championship. 2 weeks later, Gacy challenged Breakker to a rematch for the title under the stipulation that if Breakker were to get disqualified, Gacy would win the title. The match was scheduled for In Your House.


title: NXT In Your House (2022)

text: On the May 24 edition of "NXT 2.0", NXT Women's Champion Mandy Rose defeated Indi Hartwell in a non-title match. Before the match started, Katana Chance and Kayden Carter attacked NXT Women's Tag Team Champions Gigi Dolin and Jacy Jayne backstage. After the match, Wendy Choo attacked Rose. Later on, Dolin and Jayne were scheduled to defend the tag titles against Catanzaro and Carter, while Rose was scheduled to defend the NXT Women's Championship against Choo. Both matches were scheduled for In Your House.


title: Annaka Harris

text: Annaka Harris (née Gorton, born 1976) is an American author. Her work touches on neuroscience, meditation, philosophy of mind and consciousness. She is the author of the "New York Times" bestseller "Conscious: A Brief Guide to the Fundamental Mystery of the Mind" (2019) and the children's book "I Wonder" (2013).


title: Annaka Harris

text: Harris was the co-founder of the non-profit scientific education group Project Reason in 2007. She edited the 2011 long-form essay and book "Lying" by her husband Sam Harris. She is the author of the 2013 children's book "I Wonder", which is about uncertainty and the nature of reality. She wrote the 2019 "New York Times" bestselling science book "Conscious: A Brief Guide to the Fundamental Mystery of the Mind". Key subjects of "Conscious" include free will, panpsychism and the hard problem of consciousness.


title: Annaka Harris

text: Harris has been married to atheist and philosopher Sam Harris since 2004. The couple have two daughters.


title: Constance Bennett

text: Constance Campbell Bennett (October 22, 1904 – July 24, 1965) was an American stage, film, radio, and television actress and producer. She was a major Hollywood star during the 1920s and 1930s; during the early 1930s, she was the highest-paid actress in Hollywood. Bennett frequently played society women, focusing on melodramas in the early 1930s and then taking more comedic roles in the late 1930s and 1940s. She is best remembered for her leading roles in "What Price Hollywood?" (1932), "Bed of Roses" (1933), "Topper" (1937), "Topper Takes a Trip" (1938), and had a prominent supporting role in Greta Garbo's last film, "Two-Faced Woman" (1941).


title: Constance Bennett

text: She was the daughter of stage and silent film star Richard Bennett, and the older sister of actress Joan Bennett.


title: Constance Bennett

text: Bennett was born in New York City, the eldest of three daughters of actress Adrienne Morrison and actor Richard Bennett. Her younger sisters were actresses Joan Bennett and Barbara Bennett. All three girls attended the Chapin School in New York.


title: Constance Bennett

text: After some time spent in a convent, Bennett entered acting. Independent, cultured, ironic, and outspoken, Constance, the first Bennett sister to enter motion pictures, appeared in New York-produced silent movies before a meeting with Samuel Goldwyn led to her Hollywood debut in "Cytherea" (1924). She abandoned a burgeoning career in silent films for marriage to Philip Plant in 1925 but resumed her film career after their divorce in 1929. With the advent of talking pictures and her delicate blonde features and glamor, she quickly revived her career.


title: Constance Bennett

text: In the early 1930s, Bennett was frequently among the top actresses named in audience popularity and box-office polls. In 1931, a short-lived contract with Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer earned her $300,000 for two movies which included "The Easiest Way" and made her one of the highest-paid stars in Hollywood. Warner Brothers paid her the all-time high salary of $30,000 a week for "Bought!" in 1931. Richard Bennett, her father, was also cast in this film.


title: Constance Bennett

text: The next year she moved to RKO, where she acted in "What Price Hollywood?" (1932), directed by George Cukor, an ironic and at the same time tragic behind-the-scenes looks at the Hollywood studio system, in which she portrayed waitress Mary Evans, who becomes a movie star. Lowell Sherman co-starred as the film director who discovers her, and Neil Hamilton as the wealthy playboy she marries who later divorces her. The film "Morning Glory" had been written with Bennett in mind for the lead role, but producer Pandro S. Berman gave the role to Katharine Hepburn, who won an Academy Award for her performance.


title: Constance Bennett

text: During her time at RKO, Bennett briefly became the highest-paid actress in Hollywood. RKO controlled the careers of actresses Ann Harding and Helen Twelvetrees in a similar manner, hoping to duplicate Bennett's success.


title: Constance Bennett

text: Bennett next showed her versatility in the likes of "Our Betters" (1933), writer/director Gregory La Cava's "Bed of Roses" (1933) with Pert Kelton, "After Tonight" (1933, co-starring with future husband Gilbert Roland), "The Affairs of Cellini" (1934), "After Office Hours" (1935) with Clark Gable, "Topper" (1937, as Marian Kerby opposite Cary Grant, a role she repeated in the 1939 sequel, "Topper Takes a Trip"), the madcap family comedy "Merrily We Live" (1938) and "Two-Faced Woman" (1941, supporting Greta Garbo).


title: Constance Bennett

text: By the 1940s, Bennett was working less frequently in film but was in demand in both radio and theatre. She had her own program, "Constance Bennett Calls on You", on ABC radio in 1945–1946. Shrewd investments had made her a wealthy woman, and she founded a cosmetics and clothing company. In 1945–1946, she hosted "The Constance Bennett Show" on ABC Radio.


title: Constance Bennett

text: She had a major supporting role in "The Unsuspected" (1947), in which she played Jane Moynihan, the program director who helps prove that radio host Victor Grandison (Claude Rains) is guilty of murder. In the 1950s, "As Young as You Feel" (1951), found her playing opposite Marilyn Monroe. Bennett played herself in a cameo in "It Should Happen to You" (1954). In 1957–1958, she toured the United States in the title role of "Auntie Mame". Bennett made her final screen appearance in the 1965 film "Madame X" (released posthumously in 1966), as the blackmailing mother-in-law.


title: Constance Bennett

text: On June 15, 1921, Bennett eloped with Chester Hirst Moorehead of Chicago, a student at the University of Virginia who was the son of oral surgeon, Frederick Moorehead. They were married by a justice of the peace in Greenwich, Connecticut. Bennett was 16 at the time. A "New York Times" article reporting the elopement observed: "The parents of Miss Bennett were opposed to their marriage at this time solely on account of their youth." The marriage was annulled in 1923.


title: Constance Bennett

text: Bennett's next serious relationship was with millionaire socialite Philip Morgan Plant. Her parents planned a cruise to Europe, taking Constance with them, to separate the couple. As the ship was preparing to leave port, however, the Bennetts saw Plant and his parents boarding, too. A contemporary newspaper article reported, "Now the little beauty and the heir to all the Plant millions were assured a week of the cosy intimacy which an ocean liner affords." In November 1925, the two eloped and were married in Greenwich, Connecticut, by the same justice of the peace who officiated at Bennett's wedding to Moorehead. They divorced in a French court in 1929.


title: Constance Bennett

text: In 1932, Bennett returned from Europe with a three-year-old child, whom she claimed to have adopted and named Peter Bennett Plant (born 1929). In 1942, however, during a battle over a large trust fund established to benefit any descendants of her former husband, Bennett announced that her adopted son actually was her natural child by Plant, born after the divorce and kept hidden to ensure that the child's biological father did not get custody. During the court hearings, the actress told her former mother-in-law and her husband's widow that "if she got to the witness stand she would give a complete account of her life with Plant." The matter was settled out of court.


title: Constance Bennett

text: In 1931, Bennett made headlines when she married one of Gloria Swanson's former husbands, Henri le Bailly, the Marquis de La Coudraye de La Falaise, a French nobleman and film director. She and de la Falaise founded Bennett Pictures Corp. and co-produced two films which were the Hollywood films shot in the two-strip Technicolor process, "" (1935) filmed on location in Bali, and "Kilou the Killer Tiger" (1936), filmed in Indochina. The couple divorced in Reno, Nevada in 1940.


title: Constance Bennett

text: Bennett's fourth marriage was to actor Gilbert Roland. They were married in 1941 and had two daughters, Lorinda "Lynda" and Christina "Gyl". They divorced in 1946, with Bennett winning custody of their children. Later that year, Bennett married for the fifth and final time to US Air Force Colonel John Theron Coulter. After her marriage, she concentrated her efforts on providing relief entertainment to US troops still stationed in Europe, winning military honors for her services. Bennett and Coulter remained married for the rest of her life. Bennett supported Barry Goldwater in the 1964 United States presidential election.


title: Constance Bennett

text: On July 24, 1965, shortly after filming of "Madame X" was completed, Bennett collapsed and died from a cerebral hemorrhage at the age of 60. In recognition of her military contributions, and as the wife of John Theron Coulter, who had achieved the rank of brigadier general, she was buried in Arlington National Cemetery. Coulter died in 1995 and was buried with her.


title: Constance Bennett

text: Bennett has a motion pictures star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame for her contributions to the film industry. Her star is located at 6250 Hollywood Boulevard, a short distance from the star of her sister, Joan.


title: Meg Myers

text: Janice Sue Meghan Myers (born October 6, 1986), known professionally as Meg Myers, is an American singer-songwriter and musician. Originally from Tennessee, Myers moved to Los Angeles to pursue music and met Doctor Rosen Rosen, who signed her to his production company. In 2012, Myers released her first EP, "Daughter in the Choir". Later that year, she signed to Atlantic Records, with which she released the "Make a Shadow" EP (2014) and her debut album, "Sorry" (2015). She later departed Atlantic for 300 Entertainment and released "Take Me to the Disco", her second album, in 2018.


title: Meg Myers

text: Born in Nashville, Myers spent the first five years of her life in Tennessee's Smoky Mountains where she was raised by her father, a truck driver, and her mother, both formerly Jehovah's Witnesses. After her parents divorced, her mother married an artist, who moved the family to Ohio. Her mother and stepfather ran a cleaning business. When she was 12, Myers and her siblings were taken out of school when the family moved, this time to Florida, where they remained throughout her teen years. During this period, Myers began singing, writing songs on keyboard, and teaching herself (and learning from her brother) to play bass and guitar. She played in a band named Feeling Numb that her brother started and named in Coral Springs, Florida.


title: Meg Myers

text: A few days shy of her 20th birthday, Myers made the decision to move to Los Angeles to pursue a career in music. She lived in a studio apartment with her then-boyfriend, got a job waitressing at a coffee shop in Hollywood, and performed whenever she could secure a gig. After the relationship with her boyfriend ended, Myers met Rosen, who signed her to his production company. The two began writing songs, including all of "Daughter in the Choir" and "Make a Shadow". The full-length album "Sorry" followed in 2015. According to Myers, her goal for her music is simple, stating that "I want it to make people unafraid to feel."


title: Meg Myers

text: Myers released her début "Daughter in the Choir" EP in March 2012. Prior to release of the EP, she released the single "Monster", which was her first success, thanks to its music video, which was directed by A.P. Fisher and produced by Filippo Nesci, as noted by "LA Weekly". Her follow-up single, "Tennessee", was well received. In August 2012, Myers completed a month-long residency at Bootleg Bar in Los Angeles.


title: Meg Myers

text: In April 2013, Myers released her first single via Atlantic Records, "Heart Heart Head". The music video premièred on Jay Z's "Life + Times". In September 2013, Myers opened for The Pixies at three shows in both Los Angeles, CA and Brooklyn, NY and released a new single "Desire", which premiered on "Stereogum". Myers kicked off 2014 with the release of the "Desire" music video, premiering it on "Vice"’s "Noisey" blog. Both "Desire" and "Heart Heart Head" were featured on her second EP, "Make a Shadow", which was released on February 7, 2014, and also features "The Morning After", which premièred via "SPIN". Myers supported the release of her new EP with a show at LA's Bootleg Bar.


title: Meg Myers

text: Following the release of "Make a Shadow", Myers began to draw attention at alternative radio, first by Kansas City's KRBZ – 96.5 The Buzz, a station known for breaking acts early on, such as the English indie outfit alt-J. "Desire" became one of the top ten most Shazam'd tracks in the Kansas City metropolitan area. The song was the fourth-most-played (38 times) on KRBZ Kansas City in the week ending June 15, according to Nielsen BDS. It went on to peak at number 17 on the "Billboard" Alternative Songs chart. Myers performed at the station's annual Afentra's Prom in April, and she joined the New Zealand pop duo Broods on select dates of their Spring North American tour, which included stops in Los Angeles, Chicago, Brooklyn, Washington DC, and Boston. Myers also jumped on the summer festival circuit, having performed at the Governors Ball Music Festival, Bunbury Music Festival, Buzz Beach Ball, and Lollapalooza. The "New York Times" commented on Myers's Governors Ball performance noting "...early arrivals heard Meg Myers hurling imprecations at the destructive power of love and desire: With seething hard-rock riffs like early P.J. Harvey, and a voice that built from laments to screams, she was cathartic even under noonday sunshine." On February 26, 2015, Myers released on her Instagram a 10-second snippet of her new single "Sorry". A full version was released March 3 on Myers's YouTube channel. A music video for "Sorry" was released on April 7. Myers embarked on her first headlining tour in May 2015.


title: Meg Myers

text: On July 23, 2015, Myers released a new single entitled "Lemon Eyes". That same day her album was made available for pre-order on iTunes.


title: Meg Myers

text: On September 15, 2015, Myers released the studio version of her new single "Motel". Three days later, she released her debut album, "Sorry", which debuted at number 79 on the "Billboard" 200.


title: Meg Myers

text: On April 27, 2018, Myers released the song "Numb" as the lead single from her second album, "Take Me to the Disco", which was released on July 20 via 300 Entertainment. "Numb" is about the struggles trying to fit Atlantic Records' expectations for her.


title: Meg Myers

text: The title track for the album was released on June 1 of that year. The third single from the album, "Jealous Sea", was released on June 28. The fourth single "Tourniquet" was released July 13, a week prior to the album's release.


title: Meg Myers

text: Myers worked with producer Christian "Leggy" Langdon on the album, recording it mostly at his studio in Topanga. All her previous works were produced by Doctor Rosen Rosen. After completing work on the album, Myers and Atlantic Records mutually parted ways. She brought the completed album to NYC indie label 300 Entertainment.


title: Meg Myers

text: “I met Andy [Dr. Rosen Rosen] when I was really young and had never worked with anyone one-on-one like that before,” Myers told "Pass The Aux". “I had never had anyone pull stuff out of me like that so it was a really deep connection musically and as a friendship, like a brother. But change is the only way to grow, really,” Myers said of moving on from Rosen.


title: Meg Myers

text: On March 6, 2019, Myers released a cover of "Running Up That Hill", originally by Kate Bush. With the release, it was also announced that she would be releasing a collection of seven original songs that were recorded as part of the "Take Me To The Disco" sessions (but were not included on the album) in early summer 2019. However, the EP was not released in 2019 for unknown reasons. Myers then stated during a livestream on her Patreon on April 27, 2020, that the project had evolved into two EPs to be released later in the year. She announced during another Patreon livestream on June 22, 2020, that the two EPs will be titled "Thank U 4 Taking Me 2 The Disco" and "I'd Like 2 Go Home Now". On July 26, 2020, it was announced during a Patreon livestream that her next single would be titled "Any Way You Wanna Love". "Any Way You Wanna Love" was released on September 30, 2020, on Sumerian Records. With the release, it was announced that the EPs would be released on November 13, 2020.


title: Meg Myers

text: Myers's musical style is the result of her upbringing and childhood musical influences, as well as collaboration with her co-writer and producer Doctor Rosen Rosen. "I came from this grunge, punk-rock background, but I always wanted to write catchy pop songs," Myers says. "I just didn't have the technical knowledge to make them work. But I grew up listening to well-crafted songs. I loved Sting, Led Zeppelin, Dire Straits, James Taylor and Fleetwood Mac. That's what I was drawn to. I love the simplicity of a great song, I just didn't realize how hard that was to capture in a recording. That's why working with Rosen is so great. It was like, 'Okay, I found this guy I can write songs with and who is really good at turning everything into pop, while still letting me be myself.'"


title: Meg Myers

text: According to "Interview", "the lovelorn facets of Myers' dark, intimate music might evoke Sinéad O'Connor or Fiona Apple, but there are also moments of tumult and menace that trace back to her teenage fascination with grunge bands such as Nirvana and Alice In Chains."


title: Meg Myers

text: "Curbstomp" along with "Go" both appeared in "The Originals" episodes "The Casket Girls" and "Alive and Kicking" respectively.


title: Wii Remote

text: The Wii Remote, also known colloquially as the Wiimote, is the primary game controller for Nintendo's Wii home video game console. An essential capability of the Wii Remote is its motion sensing capability, which allows the user to interact with and manipulate items on screen via motion sensing, gesture recognition, and pointing which is used for the console, using accelerometer and optical sensor technology. It is expandable by adding attachments. The attachment bundled with the Wii console is the Nunchuk, which complements the Wii Remote by providing functions similar to those in gamepad controllers. Some other attachments include the Classic Controller, Wii Zapper, and the Wii Wheel, which has originally been used for the racing game, "Mario Kart Wii".


title: Wii Remote

text: The controller was revealed at both E3 2005 and E3 2006 and the Tokyo Game Show on September 14, 2005, with the name "Wii Remote" announced April 27, 2006. It received much attention due to its unique features, not supported by other gaming controllers.


title: Wii Remote

text: The Wii's successor console, the Wii U, supports the Wii Remote and its peripherals in games where use of the features of the Wii U GamePad is not mandated.


title: Wii Remote

text: Development of a motion-enabled controller began when development of the Wii console started in 2001. In that year, Nintendo licensed a number of motion-sensing patents from Gyration Inc., a company that produces wireless motion-sensing computer mice. Gyration had previously pitched their idea and patents of a motion controller to Sony and Microsoft, who both declined. Nintendo then commissioned Gyration to create a one-handed controller for it, which eventually became the "Gyropod", a more traditional gamepad which allowed its right half to break away for motion-control. At this point, Gyration brought in a separate design firm, Bridge Design, to help pitch its concept to Nintendo. Under requirement to "roughly preserve the existing Game Cube button layout", it experimented with different forms "through sketches, models and interviewing various hardcore gamers". By "late 2004, early 2005", however, Nintendo had come up with the Wii Remote's less traditional "wand shape", and the design of the Nunchuk attachment. Nintendo had also decided upon using a motion sensor, infrared pointer, and the layout of the buttons, and by the end of 2005 the controller was ready for mass production.


title: Wii Remote

text: During development of the Wii Remote, video game designer Shigeru Miyamoto brought in mobile phones and controllers for automotive navigation systems for inspiration, eventually producing a prototype that resembled a cell phone. Another design featured both an analog stick and a touchscreen, but Nintendo rejected the idea of a touchscreen on the controller, "since the portable console and living-room console would have been exactly the same". Coincidentally, this idea would later be implemented on the Wii U's GamePad controller, as well as the Nintendo Switch.


title: Wii Remote

text: Sources also indicate that the Wii Remote was originally in development as a controller for the Nintendo GameCube, rather than the Wii. Video game developer Factor 5 stated that during development of launch title "", it had an early prototype of a motion-sensing controller. Video game journalist Matt Casamassina, from gaming website IGN, stated that he believed that Nintendo had planned to release the Wii Remote for the GameCube, noting that "Nintendo said that it hoped that GCN could enjoy a longer life cycle with the addition of top-secret peripherals that would forever enhance the gameplay experience." He suggested that Nintendo may have wanted to release the Wii Remote with a new system, instead of onto the GameCube, as "[the] Revolution addresses one of the GameCube's biggest drawbacks, which is that it was/is perceived as a toy." Images of the GameCube prototype of the Wii Remote, including the Nunchuk, were found online in October 2018 when one of the prototypes was made available through an online auction.


title: Wii Remote

text: As the Wii gained in popularity, reports surfaced of counterfeit Wii Remotes entering circulation. Although these devices may provide the same functionality as official Wii Remotes, the build quality is typically inferior and components such as the rumble pack and speaker are noticeably different. It is also unclear whether official accessories operate correctly with counterfeit units due to the differences in internal components.


title: Wii Remote

text: The Wii Remote assumes a one-handed remote control-based design instead of the traditional gamepad controllers of previous gaming consoles. This was done to make motion sensitivity more intuitive, as a remote design is fitted perfectly for pointing, and in part to help the console appeal to a broader audience that includes non-gamers. The body of the Wii Remote is long, wide, and thick. The Wii Remote model number is RVL-003, a reference to the project codename "Revolution". The controller communicates wirelessly with the console via short-range Bluetooth radio, with which it is possible to operate up to four controllers at a distance of up to 10 meters (30 ft) from the console. The Wii Remote communicates with the Sensor Bar by infrared, providing pointing functionality over a distance of up to five meters (16 ft) from Wii Remote to Sensor Bar. The controller can be used in either hand; it can also be turned horizontally and used like a Famicom/NES controller, or in some cases (including "Excite Truck", "Sonic and the Secret Rings", "Mario Kart Wii", and "Sonic & Sega All-Stars Racing") a steering wheel. It is also possible to play a single-player game with a Wii Remote in each hand, as in the "Shooting Range" game contained in "Wii Play".


title: Wii Remote

text: At E3 2006, a few minor changes were made to the controller from the design presented at the Game Developer's Conference. The controller was made slightly longer, and a speaker was added to the face beneath the center row of buttons. The button became more curved resembling a trigger. The "Start" and "Select" buttons were changed to plus and minus , and the and buttons were changed to and to differentiate them from the and buttons, while also evoking the keypad of typical television remotes. Also, the symbol on the button was changed from a blue dot to a shape resembling a home/house, the shape of was made circular rather than rectangular, and the blue LEDs indicating player number are now labeled using 1 to 4 small raised dots instead of numbers 1 to 4, resembling the dots used to mark the four controller ports of the GameCube console. The Nintendo logo at the bottom of the controller face was replaced with the Wii logo. Also, the expansion port was redesigned, with expansion plugs featuring a smaller snap-on design. The Wii Remote had the capability of turning the main console's power on or off remotely with a power button, further reinforcing the impression that it looks like a television remote.


title: Wii Remote

text: The blue LEDs also indicate the battery's state: on pressing any button (other than the power button) while the controller is not being used to play games, four LEDs flash to indicate full battery, three for 75%, two for 50%, and one for 25% life remaining.


title: Wii Remote

text: In the "Red Steel" trailer shown at E3 2006, the Wii Remote had a smaller circular shaped image sensor instead of the larger opaque IR filters shown on other versions. In the initial teaser video that revealed the controller at Tokyo Game Show 2005, the 1 and 2 buttons were labeled X and Y.


title: Wii Remote

text: The Wii Remote has a wrist strap attached to the bottom to prevent it from flying away during game action if not held securely. The wrist strap is tied with a cow hitch knot. Every Wii game contains safety warnings concerning wrist strap use during its startup sequence and also at or near the beginning of its instruction booklet (even if the game does not use motion controls). The latter is a word-for-word reproduction of a standard wrist strap warning notice established by Nintendo. The wrist strap is also used to restrain the Nunchuk's connector by its hook, safely slowing any sudden movement of the Nunchuk's cord if the connector is forcibly disconnected. In spite of widespread wrist strap safety notices, there are certain Wii games, in whole or part, that are played by moving the Wii Remote in such a way that would be hindered by a wrist strap, such as "Let's Tap", most House Party games in "Wii Party" and the Treasure Twirl game in "Wii Play Motion". In such games or game modes, on-screen prompts, as well as instruction booklet text, will specifically state that they must be played without the wrist strap.


title: Wii Remote

text: Video game web site IGN reported that the strap tends to break under heavy use, which would potentially send the Wii Remote flying. "" also sometimes requires the Wii Remote to be dropped, which would cause problems in the event of a strap failure. In response, Nintendo has posted guidelines on proper use of the strap and the Wii Remote. On December 8, 2006, units with thicker straps began to appear in some areas of the world. On December 15, 2006, Nintendo denied reports of a Wii wrist strap recall. While Nintendo denied claims that three million straps had been recalled, it replaced broken wrist straps free of charge. The U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission became involved in the "replacement program". The old diameter strap is replaced by a larger, diameter version. Nintendo's online "Wrist Strap Replacement Request Form" allows owners to receive up to four free straps when a Wii serial number and shipping details are provided.


title: Wii Remote

text: On August 3, 2007, a new wrist strap was found to be supplied, with a lock clip instead of a movable slide to prevent the strap from working loose during prolonged play; the lock clip strap became the standard form.


title: Wii Remote

text: In 2012 with the launch of the Wii U, the wrist strap was once again updated to allow users to push the sync button through the new jackets and battery covers.


title: Wii Remote

text: Nintendo announced a free accessory for the Wii Remote, the Wii Remote Jacket, on October 1, 2007. The removable silicone sleeve wraps around the Wii Remote to provide a better grip, and cushioning to protect the Wii Remote if dropped. Nintendo started including the jacket with the controller on October 15, 2007. The safety jacket included with every Wii Remote is usually translucent. However, for black Wii Remotes and red Wii Remote Plus controllers, the safety jacket would be of the same color.


title: Wii Remote

text: The original Wii MotionPlus accessory also comes with a built-in safety jacket that is unsafe to remove, according to Nintendo.


title: Wii Remote

text: At the E3 2006 trade show, Nintendo displayed white, black, and blue controllers; press images released for the event featured white, red, silver, lime green, and black versions. The Wii console and controllers launched in only white versions, with Shigeru Miyamoto commenting that new hues would be provided when supplies became available.


title: Wii Remote

text: On June 4, 2009, Nintendo revealed that it would release black versions of the Wii, Wii Remote, Nunchuk, and Classic Controller PRO in Japan on August 1, 2009. Each black Wii Remote includes a matching solid-black Wii Remote Jacket. In addition, Club Nintendo in Japan held a contest between June 25, 2009 and August 31, 2009 wherein members who purchased and registered a copy of "Wii Sports Resort" would be entered into a draw to win one of 5,000 blue controller sets. Each set included a Wii Remote, Wii MotionPlus, and Nunchuk, all in a sky blue color referred to as Mizuiro and distinct from other blue Wii Remotes.


title: Wii Remote

text: For North America, Nintendo announced on September 1, 2009 that black versions of the Wii Remote, Wii MotionPlus, and Nunchuk would be released during the holiday season. On November 16, 2009, the black Wii Remote and Wii MotionPlus was released as a bundle, and the black Nunchuk was released as a standalone purchase.


title: Wii Remote

text: Blue and pink Wii Remotes were released in Japan on December 3, 2009. In North America, the blue and pink Wii Remotes were released February 14, 2010 in a bundle with a standard white Wii MotionPlus.


title: Wii Remote

text: In Australia, the black, blue and pink versions of the Wii Remotes were released on February 25, 2010. In addition, the black Nunchuk and black Wii MotionPlus were also released on that day as well.


title: Wii Remote

text: When Nintendo released the Wii Remote Plus in late 2010, which featured built-in Wii MotionPlus technology, it would initially be available in the same four standard Wii Remote colors, plus a special red variant that was included with red Wii consoles manufactured to celebrate the 25th anniversary of the "Mario" series. In the years that followed, Nintendo released more Wii Remote Plus color schemes based on its first-party game franchises.


title: Wii Remote

text: Accessed with the Wii Remote's Home button, the Home Menu displays information about the controller(s) currently being used, and allows the user to configure certain options. At the bottom of the menu screen, the battery life of all connected controllers is displayed. Below that is a bar labeled Wii Remote Settings. Selecting it brings users to an options screen where they can control the audio output volume, rumble settings, and reconnect the controllers, for example to connect Wii Remotes through one-time synchronization. Depending on when the Home Menu is accessed, a different number of buttons are displayed.


title: Wii Remote

text: Wii Menu: No matter when the menu is accessed, the Wii Menu button will always be present. Selecting this will exit a game or a Wii Menu channel and return the player to the Wii Menu, where users can choose another channel. When playing certain Virtual Console titles, with the exception of the Nintendo 64 and Neo Geo, this will also create a suspend point.


title: Wii Remote

text: Reset: In applications and games (both retail and downloadable), the Reset button is available. This performs a soft reset of that particular application, for example returning a game to its title screen or the loading screen of a Wii Menu channel, the same as what would happen if the player were to press the console's physical reset button.


title: Wii Remote

text: Operations Guide: On Wii Menu channels, including the News Channel, Forecast Channel, Internet Channel, Everybody Votes Channel, certain WiiWare titles and Virtual Console titles, the Operations Guide button appeared on the Home Menu. The guide accessed acts as an instruction manual for the game being played.


title: Wii Remote

text: The Home Menu can be compared to the Xbox 360's in-game menu (accessed by pressing the "Xbox" button), or the PlayStation 3's mid-game XMB. It may be accessed under most circumstances during Wii operation, which pauses the on-screen action. Otherwise, a "home" symbol with a no symbol on it appears onscreen. It is also inaccessible during Nintendo GameCube play, as the Wii Remote cannot control Nintendo GameCube software.


title: Wii Remote

text: The Wii Remote has the ability to sense acceleration along three axes through the use of Analog Devices MEMS-based three-dimensional accelerometers.


title: Wii Remote

text: The Wii Remote also has a PixArt optical sensor that allows it to determine where it is pointing. Unlike a light gun that senses light from a television screen, the Wii Remote senses light from the console's Sensor Bar (RVL-014), which allows consistent usage not influenced by the screen used. The Sensor Bar is about long and has ten infrared LEDs, five at each end of the bar. The LEDs furthest from the center are pointed slightly outwards, the LEDs closest to the center are pointed slightly inwards, while the rest are pointed straight forward. The Sensor Bar's cable is in length. The bar may be placed above or below the television, centered horizontally, in line with the front of the television or the front of the surface the television is placed on. The Remote should be pointed approximately towards the Sensor Bar; precise pointing is not necessary so long as it is within the limited viewing angle of the Wii Remote.


title: Wii Remote

text: Use of the Sensor Bar allows the Wii Remote to be used as an accurate pointing device up to 5 meters (approx. 16 ft) away from the bar. The Wii Remote's image sensor is used to locate the Sensor Bar's points of light in the Wii Remote's field of view. The light emitted from each end of the Sensor Bar is focused onto the image sensor which sees the light as two bright dots separated by a distance "mi" on the image sensor. The second distance "m" between the two clusters of light emitters in the Sensor Bar is a fixed distance. From these two distances m and mi, the Wii CPU calculates the distance between the Wii Remote and the Sensor Bar using triangulation. Rotation of the Wii Remote with respect to the ground can also be calculated from the relative angle of the two dots of light on the image sensor. Games can be programmed to sense whether the image sensor is covered, which is demonstrated in a microgame featured in launch title "", where if the player does not uncover the sensor the champagne bottle that the remote represents will not open.


title: Wii Remote

text: The Sensor Bar is required when the Wii Remote is controlling up-down, left-right motion of a cursor or reticle on the TV screen to point to menu options or objects such as enemies in first-person shooters. Some Wii games that depend on infrared pointing, such as "The Conduit" and "The House of the Dead 2 & 3 Return", allow the player to calibrate the Wii Remote's pointer in-game. Because the Sensor Bar allows the Wii Remote to calculate the distance between the Wii Remote and the Sensor Bar, the Wii Remote can also control slow forward-backward motion of an object in a 3-dimensional game. Rapid forward-backward motion, such as punching in a boxing game, is controlled by the acceleration sensors. Using these acceleration sensors (acting as tilt sensors), the Wii Remote can also control rotation of a cursor or other objects.


title: Wii Remote

text: The use of an infrared sensor to detect position can cause some detection problems in the presence of other infrared sources, such as incandescent light bulbs or candles. This can be alleviated by using fluorescent or LED lights, which emit little to no infrared light, around the Wii. Innovative users have used other sources of IR light, such as a pair of flashlights or a pair of candles, as Sensor Bar substitutes. The Wii Remote picks up traces of heat from the sensor, then transmits it to the Wii console to control the pointer on your screen. Such substitutes for the Sensor Bar illustrate the fact that a pair of non-moving lights provide continuous calibration of the direction that the Wii Remote is pointing and its physical location relative to the light sources. There is no way to calibrate the position of the cursor relative to where the user is pointing the controller without the two stable reference sources of light provided by the Sensor Bar or substitutes. Third-party wireless sensor bars have also been released, which have been popular with users of Wii emulators since the official Sensor Bar utilizes a proprietary connector to connect to the Wii console.


title: Wii Remote

text: The position and motion tracking of the Wii Remote allows the player to mimic actual game actions, such as swinging a sword or aiming a gun, instead of simply pressing buttons. An early marketing video showed actors miming actions such as fishing, cooking, drumming, conducting a musical ensemble, shooting a gun, sword fighting, and performing dental surgery.


title: Wii Remote

text: The LEDs can be seen by some digital cameras, phone cameras, and other devices with a wider visible spectrum than the human eye.


title: Wii Remote

text: The Wii Remote provides basic audio and rumble (vibration) functionality, but the Nunchuk does not. At the 2006 E3 press conference, it was revealed that the Wii Remote has its own independent speaker on the face of the unit. This was demonstrated by a developer as he strung and shot a bow in "". The sound from both the Wii Remote and television was altered as the bow shot to give the impression of the arrow traveling away from the player. In addition to reproducing certain in-game sound effects that reflect the on-screen action, the Wii Remote speaker can also function as a voice receiver through which non-player characters can speak to the player with long-distance telecommunication, featured in games like "Red Steel", "" and "GoldenEye 007". Some party games and hotseat multiplayer games also utilize the speaker to indicate changes between player turns. The volume can be changed or muted with the "Home" button and selecting the corresponding controller icon at the bottom of the screen; if the speaker is muted, any sounds intended to be emitted from the speaker will come from the television in most cases. The rumble feature can also be switched on or off using the Home Menu.


title: Wii Remote

text: The Wii Remote contains a 16 KiB EEPROM chip of which a section of 6 kilobytes can be read and written to by the host. Part of this memory is available to store up to ten Mii avatars, which can be transported to use with another Wii console (but it can be used to upload Miis to the Mii Parade and keep it on the console (by copying Mii to remote, moving Mii to parade from console, and then moving from remote to the console)). 4,000 bytes are available for game use before the Mii data. "Pokémon Battle Revolution" and "Super Swing Golf" also use this memory. This function is also used in "Super Smash Bros. Brawl", allowing the user to save controller configuration data to the Wii Remote. "Monster Hunter Tri" also uses this function by allowing players to save their profiles to the Wii Remote. "Pokémon Rumble" uses this section to store Pokémon. and "" use this to store the player's in game avatars.


title: Wii Remote

text: The Wii Remote uses two AA size alkaline batteries as a power source, which can power a Wii Remote for 60 hours using only the accelerometer functionality and 25 hours using both accelerometer and pointer functionality. In May 2013, Nintendo announced a rechargeable battery and dock accessory, and various third-party manufacturers market charging solutions for the controller (see Wii Remote Chargers). Nintendo's industrial designer Lance Barr said that the Wii Remote's expansion port is unsuitable for internal battery charging. The only type of (externally charged) rechargeable battery supported is nickel-metal hydride (NiMH). A 3300µF capacitor provides a temporary source of power during quick movements of the Wii Remote when connection to the batteries may be temporarily interrupted. If the Wii Remote is not used for more than 5 minutes, such as when the player is using a GameCube controller, it will shut off, and can be re-activated by pressing any button (this was also the case when using a now discontinued video-on-demand service). Games are able to determine and react to the current battery life of Wii Remotes, with certain games using unique, extra-diegetic methods of alerting the player to low battery life.


title: Wii Remote

text: In September 2010, rumors were circulating of a Wii Remote with Wii MotionPlus already built in after the box art for the upcoming "FlingSmash" revealed it to be bundled with "Wii Remote Plus". Nintendo initially declined to comment, but later announced the device on September 29, 2010, confirming it to be a Wii Remote with MotionPlus built in, allowing players to use peripherals like the Wii Zapper and Wii Wheel and comfortably use the Wii Remote horizontally without having to remove the Wii MotionPlus attachment from the Wii Remote. Wii Remote Plus competed with Microsoft Corporation's Kinect and Sony Computer Entertainment's PlayStation Move with PlayStation Eye motion controllers, respectively. Nintendo later announced that the remote would be available in white, black, blue and pink. It was released in Australia on October 28, 2010, in Europe on November 5, 2010, in North America on November 7, 2010 and in Japan on November 11, 2010.


title: Wii Remote

text: In addition to being available in the four standard Wii Remote colors, specially colored Wii Remote Plus controllers themed after Nintendo's first-party video game franchises were also released in the years that followed, with one golden "Legend of Zelda" Wii Remote Plus and several others based on "Mario" characters. A red Wii Remote Plus, initially designed to celebrate the "Mario" series' 25th anniversary, was included in red Wii bundles released for the occasion along with a matching Nunchuk and console, "Wii Sports" and "New Super Mario Bros. Wii". The red Wii Remote Plus would also be bundled with European copies of "", which is replaced with a black one in other regions. A red Wii Remote Plus and Nunchuk of matching color is also included with every Wii Mini.


title: Wii Remote

text: At E3 2011, it was revealed that a gold Wii Remote Plus with the Hylian Crest superimposed over its speaker would be released alongside "". It was available as part of a bundle with "Skyward Sword" for a limited time. A matching gold Nunchuk was also available to earn for Club Nintendo members for a limited time.


title: Wii Remote

text: In 2012, the Wii Remote Plus was reissued, and branded for the Wii U, the Wii's successor. Another sync button on the battery cover was added, allowing users to sync without removing the battery cover. A year later, Nintendo began releasing Wii Remote Plus controllers that are themed after "Mario" characters, starting with Mario and Luigi on November 1, 2013, to accompany the release of the Wii U Deluxe set. A few months later, Nintendo released a Princess Peach-themed Wii Remote Plus, on April 24, 2014. A year later, Nintendo also released Wii Remote Plus controllers themed after Bowser, a Toad and Yoshi in the fall of 2015 to accompany the releases of "Super Mario Maker" and "Yoshi's Woolly World", exclusively available at GameStop.


title: Wii Remote

text: The Wii Remote has an expansion port at the bottom which allows various functional attachments to be added. The connector, and any accessories that attach to it, use a 400 kHz I²C protocol. This expandability is similar to that available with the port on the Nintendo 64 controller. There is a female connector on Wii remotes, to which expansions with a male connector can be connected.


title: Wii Remote

text: The multiple kinds of controllers that can connect to the Wii Remote make it into a more versatile controller, opening up new Wii controller configurations and likewise multiple control schemes. Various racing games such as "Mario Kart Wii" and a few "Need for Speed" video games, as well as some fighting games like "Super Smash Bros. Brawl", "" and the "" trilogy take advantage of the versatility the expansion port confers to offer multiple control schemes to suit different kinds of players.


title: Wii Remote

text: The Nunchuk (model number RVL-004) was the first attachment Nintendo revealed for the Wii Remote at the 2005 Tokyo Game Show. It connects to the Wii Remote via a cord 1 to 1.2 m (3.5 to 4 feet) long. Its appearance when attached resembles the nunchaku weapon, hence the name. It also resembles the middle handle of the Nintendo 64 controller. Like the controllers of the Wii's two predecessors, the Nunchuk has an analog stick whose movement is restricted by an octagonal area. The Nunchuk also has two trigger buttons (a last-minute modification changed the two triggers to one trigger and a button, as described below). It works in tandem with the main controller in many games. Like the Wii Remote, the Nunchuk also provides a three-axis accelerometer from STMicroelectronics for motion-sensing and tilting, but lacks any feedback features. The presence of a motion sensor in the Nunchuk allows the Wii controller to recognize gestures from both of the player's hands independently, a feature that is leveraged to implement boxing controls for "Wii Sports" or dual wield combat in some hack and slash games, such as "". Despite having fewer buttons, the Nunchuk can also be used as a controller itself, a feature that is leveraged by "Opoona", "Bust-A-Move Bash!" and "SpeedZone". This allows two players to share a single Wii controller, enabling the multiplayer modes of "Bash!" and "SpeedZone" to support five to eight players across the maximum four Wii controllers that can be synced to a single console.


title: Wii Remote

text: One Nunchuk comes bundled with the Wii console. Additional Wii Remote units are sold separately without the Nunchuk. The two shoulder buttons, formerly named Z1 and Z2 respectively, have been reshaped and renamed from the Game Developers Conference on. The circular top shoulder button, now called C, is much smaller than the lower rectangular shoulder button, now called Z.


title: Wii Remote

text: The Nunchuk can be connected to any microcontroller capable of I²C (e.g., Arduino's Atmel AVR), where the accelerometer, joystick and buttons data may be accessed. Todbot has created the Wiichuk, an adapter to facilitate connecting the Nunchuk to an Arduino board.


title: Wii Remote

text: In 2008, wireless Nunchuks became available from third party providers, not requiring the cord that links the Wii Remote with the Nunchuk.


title: Wii Remote

text: The Nunchuk is generally available in white and black. Sky blue Nunchuks were available in Japan as a prize for a contest used to promote "Wii Sports Resort". Red Nunchuks are bundled with the red "Mario" anniversary Wii console and Wii Mini. Blue Nunchuks are bundled with the European blue Wii Family Edition consoles with the inclusion of "Mario & Sonic at the London 2012 Olympic Games" released on November 18, 2011. A gold Nunchuk was offered to Nintendo Club members for a limited time to complement "Skyward Sword"s gold Wii Remote Plus.


title: Wii Remote

text: There are two versions of the Classic Controller, the original Classic Controller and the Classic Controller Pro.


title: Wii Remote

text: At the 2006 Electronic Entertainment Expo Nintendo introduced the Classic Controller, which plugs into the Wii Remote via a cord in a similar fashion to the Nunchuk. Unlike most accessories, the Classic Controller largely usurps the Remote's functionality, with the Remote's buttons duplicated on the Controller. The Remote is used primarily as a wireless transmitter for the Controller and where applicable retains its pointing-device functionality. It can also still be used as a valid, active controller by another player in multiplayer modes of games like "Bust-A-Move Bash!" and "SpeedZone".


title: Wii Remote

text: The Classic Controller is reminiscent of the Super NES controller, being the same size and having the , , , and buttons and directional pad in the same location. It also contains two analog sticks and two extra shoulder buttons used to replicate additional components found on the Nintendo GameCube controller. The controller is primarily used for Virtual Console titles, with several titles requiring either the Classic or GameCube controller to play, being optimized for the Classic Controller. Dozens of Wii titles are also compatible with the controller to allow for a more traditional control scheme.


title: Wii Remote

text: The Wii MotionPlus is an expansion device that allows the Wii Remote to more accurately capture complex motion. Incorporated with a custom version of the Wii Remote Jacket, the Wii MotionPlus affixes directly to the Wii Remote expansion port, extending the length of the controller body by approximately . The Wii MotionPlus uses a tuning fork gyroscope which supplements the accelerometer and Sensor Bar capabilities of the Wii Remote, enabling controller motions to be rendered identically on the screen in real time, according to Nintendo. It is sold separately, and also included in bundles with some MotionPlus compatible games such as Nintendo's "Wii Sports Resort" and Ubisoft's "Red Steel 2". Sky blue Wii MotionPlus expansions were available in Japan as a prize for a contest used to promote "Wii Sports Resort". Black Wii Remotes bundled with the MotionPlus add-on of matching color were released in Europe and North America in November 2009.


title: Wii Remote

text: The Wii Vitality Sensor was a cancelled peripheral; a fingertip pulse oximeter sensor that connected through the Wii Remote. According to Nintendo, the device "will initially sense the user's pulse and a number of other signals being transmitted by their bodies, and will then provide information to the users about the body’s inner world." The Wii Vitality Sensor was announced by President and CEO Satoru Iwata at Nintendo's E3 2009 media briefing on June 2, 2009. No specific applications were revealed for the device, but when presenting the device Iwata suggested that video games may soon be used for relaxation. According to Nintendo of America president Reggie Fils-Aime, more details concerning the Wii Vitality Sensor were to be revealed during E3 2010, although in the event the device was not mentioned. Reggie told GameTrailers, "(E3) was not the kind of environment for a game based on relaxation", and said that they were saving news on the device for another time and place. At E3 2010, Ubisoft introduced their own pulse oximeter sensor, "Innergy". At E3 2011, Nintendo announced more about the Wii Vitality Sensor. Shigeru Miyamoto said that the Wii Vitality Sensor has a difficult time performing consistently across a variety of situations but still may be released.


title: Wii Remote

text: On July 5, 2013, Satoru Iwata disclosed that the Wii Vitality Sensor project had been cancelled due to its lack of widespread compatibility, with Nintendo finding that the device failed to work with approximately 10% of people it was tested on, noting that the device "was of narrower application than we had originally thought." Iwata also mentioned the possibility of returning to the project in the future, when the technology allows for at least a 99.9% success rate.


title: Wii Remote

text: The Wii Zapper is a gun-shaped shell accessory for the Wii Remote. As shown in the image, the shell holds both the Wii Remote and Nunchuk, and contains a trigger that actuates the Wii Remote's B button; all other buttons are still accessible while the remote and Nunchuk are in the shell. The name is a reference to the NES Zapper light gun for the Nintendo Entertainment System. According to an interview with Shigeru Miyamoto, the idea of a Zapper-type expansion formed when the Wii Remote was first created. He expressed that "What we found is that the reason we wanted to have a Zapper is when you hold a Wii Remote, it can be difficult for some people to keep a steady hand. And holding your arm out like that can get your arm somewhat tired." The Zapper is useful for most games primarily involving firearms, such as light gun shooters, first-person shooters, and third-person shooters.


title: Wii Remote

text: The Wii Wheel accessory is designed for use in driving games: it is a steering wheel-shaped shell that a Wii Remote can be placed inside, enhancing driving games that allow for steering control by tilting the Wii Remote left and right. The Wii Wheel was first shipped alongside "Mario Kart Wii" and features prominently on the game's packaging.


title: Wii Remote

text: Since the release of the Wii console, many aesthetic, ergonomic, and functional accessories have been developed for the Wii Remote by third parties.


title: Wii Remote

text: Since the release of the Wii console, people have been exploring different new ways in which to use the Wii Remote. Many third-party applications are currently in development through Wii homebrew. One popular Windows program called GlovePIE allows the Wii Remote to be used on a personal computer to emulate a keyboard, mouse or joystick. Connecting the Wii Remote to a personal computer is done via a Bluetooth connection. The Bluetooth program BlueSoleil has been proven to successfully connect a Wii Remote to a PC. Still another program (like GlovePIE) is needed to utilize the Wii Remote's protocol and to use the data it offers.


title: Wii Remote

text: The Wii Remote Bluetooth protocol can be implemented on other devices including cell phones, which often have poor usability with games. Two students have demonstrated this concept by creating driver software that has the capability to connect the Wii Remote to a Symbian smartphone. The idea behind this driver is that a mobile phone with a TV-out port can replace the game console.


title: Wii Remote

text: Programmer Johnny Lee posted video demos and sample code at his website related to the use of the Wii Remote for finger tracking, low-cost multipoint interactive whiteboards, and head tracking for desktop VR displays. He demonstrated several such applications at a TED conference. The WiimoteProject forum became the discussion, support and sharing site for Lee's Wii Remote projects and other newer developments.


title: Wii Remote

text: Studies have been conducted to use the Wii Remote as a practice method to fine-tune surgeons' hand motions. Utilizing DarwiinRemote, researchers at the University of Memphis adapted the Wii Remote for data collection in cognitive psychology experiments. Autodesk released a plugin that allows the Wii Remote to control orientation of 3D models in "Autodesk Design Review".


title: Wii Remote

text: Overall reception to the Wii Remote has changed over time. The control styles, which are provided by the controller, were met with praise at its first public exhibition at E3. Since then, comments have been noted by the press on its functionality. Matt Wales of IGN UK highlighted the aiming and precision of "Red Steel" and stated "Taking down swathes of enemies with nothing more than a twitch of the wrist proves immensely satisfying and, more importantly, incredibly involving." Nintendo Power listed the Wii Remote as an innovative controller, citing it as innovative for several firsts, including the first use of motion control, the first built-in speaker, and the first Infrared Pointer. This is incorrect, however; the first video game controller to make use of motion sensitivity was Le Stick for the Atari 2600 and Commodore 64, manufactured by Datasoft Inc., and released in 1981.


title: Wii Remote

text: Other publications have noted specific complaints regarding control. GameSpot expressed that some motions in "" failed to transmit or meet expectation during gameplay. Similar observations were made on other titles made available during the Wii launch period. ComputerAndVideoGames.com reported that "Most prominent is the first batch of games, many of which do a better job at exposing the obstacles of full motion control, rather than the benefits... "]"...is near unplayable, "Far Cry" got it all wrong, and the motion control in "" just feels tacked on."


title: Wii Remote

text: The overall situation was described by Joystiq thus: "Over the months since launch, the unpredictable Wii Remote has led to a maddening dichotomy. Some games are too easy, while others are too hard – for all the wrong reasons...Gamers who crave a deeper challenge have to settle for battling incomprehensible controls." Critics felt that fault was largely attributed to the developers' lack of experience with the Wii Remote. Jeremy Parish of the magazine "Electronic Gaming Monthly" compared the initial phase of control implementation to that of the Nintendo DS. Matt Casamassina of IGN also presumed that the first generation of Wii games were of an experimental stage and that potential for refinement had yet to be exploited.


title: Wii Remote

text: Later-released titles saw mixed reactions in terms of control. Of "Tiger Woods PGA Tour 07" from Electronic Arts, Matthew Kato of "Game Informer" stated that the controller "has a hard time detecting your backswing. Thus, it’s harder to control. There were even times the game putted for me by accident." A "GamePro" review for "" said that the title "is an encouraging sign that developers are finally starting to work out the kinks and quirks of the Wii Remote."


title: Wii Remote

text: First- and second-party video games produced more favorable utilization of the Wii Remote's unique capabilities. "", in particular, was nearly universally praised for its unique control scheme, which was seen as being unrivaled by any other console game. "Corruption" utilizes the Nunchuk for strafing and the infrared pointing capability of the Wii Remote for turning and special "gestures", which are used to select visors. Other Nintendo titles take a more minimalist approach, using mostly the pointer and buttons only, as with "", or use the controller in a sideways configuration to resemble a Nintendo Entertainment System controller while the player de-emphasizes more advanced capabilities, for they are featured in "Super Paper Mario".


title: Wii Remote

text: The Wii Remote and Nunchuk combined sold over 8.5 million units in the United States, and took the top two spots in video game accessories sales in 2006. In the United States, the Nunchuk was the best-selling video game hardware for January 2008, with 375,000 units sold, in a month where the Wii was the best-selling console with 274,000 units sold.


title: Wii Remote

text: According to Nintendo's Shinya Takahashi, player feedback for the Wii Remote, particularly on reducing its form-factor, led into the development of the Nintendo Switch, a console small enough and with smaller controllers to also be used as a portable unit.


title: Wii Remote

text: Interlink Electronics filed a patent-infringement lawsuit against Nintendo in December 2006 over the pointing functionality of the Wii Remote, claiming "loss of reasonable royalties, reduced sales and/or lost profits as a result of the infringing activities" of Nintendo. The lawsuit was terminated in March 2007.


title: Wii Remote

text: On August 19, 2008, Hillcrest Laboratories Inc. filed a complaint against Nintendo with the U.S International Trade Commission, alleging that the Wii Remote infringed on three of its patents. A fourth Hillcrest patent (for graphical interfaces displayed on television screens) was also allegedly violated. Hillcrest sought a ban on Wii consoles imported to the U.S. On August 24, 2009 Nintendo and Hillcrest reached a settlement, although the terms were not publicly disclosed.


title: Wii Remote

text: In September 2011, ThinkOptics Inc. filed a lawsuit against Nintendo in United States District Court of the Eastern District of Texas over their controller, the Wavit Remote, claiming that the Wii violated its patent for a "handheld vision based absolute pointing system", a "Handheld Device for Handheld Vision Based Absolute Pointing System", and a "Handheld Vision Based Absolute Pointing System", which make up the basis for the Wavit Remote. They also said that the Wii U infringes on their patents as well and claims that Nintendo was aware of the fact that the Wii allegedly violates ThinkOptics' patents. The lawsuit sought an injunction against violating products, royalties, attorney’s fees, and damages for lost profits. The lawsuit was dismissed by ThinkOptics in August 2014.


title: Wii Remote

text: Starting in December 2012, iLife Technologies sued several large companies over patent infringement over a set of patents they held related to "systems and methods for evaluating movement of a body relative to an environment", principally aimed at the medical field; Nintendo was sued by iLife in December 2013 for the Wii Remote's infringement on their patents, with the lawsuit seeking $144 million in damages, based on a $4 fine for the Wii units it had sold to date. A jury trial was heard in August 2017, and the jury ruled in favor of iLife Technologies and Nintendo was forced to pay in damages. While Nintendo attempted to appeal this ruling, the United States Court of Appeals upheld the jury's decision in December 2017. However, in January 2020, a federal court overturned the judgement and ruled that iLife's patent was too broad.


title: Wii Remote

text: In mid-December 2006, the law firm Green Welling LLP filed a class action lawsuit against Nintendo for its "defective wrist straps". A few days later, Nintendo issued a product recall for the wrist straps and issued a new version of the strap with an improved securing mechanism for the wrist, leading to the lawsuit to be dropped sometime thereafter.


title: Wii Remote

text: A second class-action lawsuit was filed by a mother in Colorado in December 2008, claiming the updated wrist straps were still ineffective. This suit was dismissed by September 2010, finding for Nintendo that the wrist straps were not knowingly faulty under Colorado consumer protection laws.


title: Wii Remote

text: In 2000, the term "Weemote" was trademarked by Miami based TV remote manufacturer Fobis Technologies and was later used as the name of their remote designed for young children. While spelled differently, the term "Weemote" is phonetically identical to "Wiimote", the unofficial term for the Wii Remote. Sales of the Weemote, which totaled less than one million as of 2008 had fallen due to confusion with the Wiimote. Fobis Technologies claims this to be trademark infringement, however Nintendo does not actually use the term "Wiimote" in official promotional materials; but many retailers that sell the Wii Remote do use the term. Fobis sent out up to 100 cease and desist letters to retailers and have made offers to Nintendo for them to purchase the trademark. Nintendo declined the offer, stating that it "does not use and does not plan to use the Weemote trademark".


title: Wii Remote

text: The trademark application for the Wii Remote was initially rejected by the United States Patent and Trademark Office after the trademark was filed in March 2008. The USPTO claimed that the word "remote" is commonly used, and therefore should not be trademarked. The USPTO said they would accept Nintendo's trademark filing if the company disclaims exclusive rights to the word "remote" in the term and if the word “Wii” would always precede the word “remote” in marketing and manuals. The USPTO accepted the “Wii Remote” trademark in July 2012.


title: 2012 ICC World Twenty20

text: The 2012 ICC World Twenty20 was the fourth ICC World Twenty20 competition, an international Twenty20 cricket tournament that took place in Sri Lanka from 18 September to 7 October 2012 which was won by the West Indies. The schedule has been posted by International Cricket Council (ICC). This was the first World Twenty20 tournament held in an Asian country, the last three having been held in South Africa, England and the West Indies. Sri Lankan pacer Lasith Malinga had been chosen as the event ambassador of the tournament by ICC. The format had four groups of three teams in a preliminary round.


title: 2012 ICC World Twenty20

text: Match fixtures were announced on 21 September 2011 by ICC. On the same date, the ICC also unveiled the logo of the tournament, named "Modern Spin".


title: 2012 ICC World Twenty20

text: The 2012 World Twenty20 is the fourth edition of the Twenty20 tournament. The first was hosted by South Africa in 2007, where India beat Pakistan in a thriller to become Twenty20 champions. Pakistan, the losing finalists in 2007, defeated Sri Lanka in 2009 tournament to become World T20 Champions, held in England. In 2010 England became the third World Twenty20 champions by beating Australia in the West Indies.


title: 2012 ICC World Twenty20

text: The format is the same as the 2010 edition. The format has four groups of three in a preliminary round, groups A-D. In addition to the ten test cricket playing nations, there are two associate/affiliate teams who qualified from the 2012 ICC World Twenty20 Qualifier staged in the United Arab Emirates on 13–14 March 2012.


title: 2012 ICC World Twenty20

text: The top two teams from each group A-D proceed to the Super Eight stage of the tournament. The Super Eights consist of two groups 1 & 2. The top two teams from the Super Eight groups play the semi-finals, and the semi-final winners contest the final to determine the world champions in Twenty20 cricket. England are the defending champions, having won the 2010 edition in the West Indies.


title: 2012 ICC World Twenty20

text: The Super Eight stage consists of the top two teams from each group of the group stage. The teams are split into two groups, Groups 1 and 2. Group 1 will consist of the top seed from Groups A and C, and the second seed of groups B and D. Group 2 will consist of the top seed from Groups B and D, and the second seed of groups A and C. The seedings used are those allocated at the start of the tournament and are not affected by group stage results, with the exception of if a non-seeded team knocks out a seeded team, the non-seeded team inherits the seed of the knocked-out team.


title: 2012 ICC World Twenty20

text: In case of a tie (i.e. both teams score exactly the same number of runs at the end of their respective innings), a Super Over decides the winner. This is applicable in all stages of the tournament.


title: 2012 ICC World Twenty20

text: Within each group (both group stage & Super Eight stage), teams are ranked against each other based on the following criteria:


title: 2012 ICC World Twenty20

text: Earlier, the ICC development committee had expanded the global qualification system for the World Twenty20, to give the Associate and Affiliate members of the governing body a chance to feature in the tournament. The qualification tournament, which was contested by eight teams in February 2010, featured 16 sides when it was held in early 2012 ahead of the World Twenty20 in Sri Lanka, later that year.


title: 2012 ICC World Twenty20

text: Ireland defeated Afghanistan in the final to win the championship which was a rematch of the 2010 ICC World Twenty20 Qualifier. Both teams progressed to play in the 2012 ICC World Twenty20.


title: 2012 ICC World Twenty20

text: There were 27 matches played during the 2012 ICC World Twenty20, 12 in group stages, 12 in Super Eights, two Semi-finals and a final.


title: 2012 ICC World Twenty20

text: Seedings for this stage were allocated at the start of the tournament and were not affected by group stage results, with the exception that if a non-seeded team knocked out a seeded team, it would inherit that team's seeding.


title: Mirinda

text: Mirinda is a brand of soft drink originally created in Spain in 1959 and now owned by PepsiCo with global distribution. Its name comes from the Esperanto translation of "admirable" or "amazing".


title: Mirinda

text: It is available in many fruit varieties, like orange, apple, strawberry, among others. It is part of a beverage area often referred to as the flavour segment, comprising carbonated and non-carbonated fruit-flavoured beverages. The orange flavour of Mirinda now represents the majority of Mirinda sales worldwide following a major repositioning of the brand towards that flavour in the early 1990s.


title: Mirinda

text: Mirinda has been owned by PepsiCo since 1970 and is primarily commercialized outside the United States. It competes with The Coca-Cola Company's Fanta and Dr Pepper Snapple Group's Crush with flavour brands localized to individual countries. As with most soft drinks, Mirinda is available in multiple formulations of flavour, carbonation and sweetener depending on the taste of individual markets.


title: Mirinda

text: Mirinda, being a drink with presence around the world, is also known with many other names: Tams (South Korea), Sukita (Brazil), Yedigun (Turkey), Shani (UAE), Slam (Italy), Tango (UK), Club (Ireland), Sisi (Netherlands), Kas (Spain), Frustyle (Russia), Horoyoipop (Japan), Sol (Mexico and some state in US)


title: Mirinda

text: Mirinda was originally produced in Spain. It became available in the United States in late 2003 in bilingual packaging, and initially sold at a reduced price, presumably to become a competitor against Coke's Fanta brand. Since 2005, Mirinda flavours have largely been sold under the Tropicana Twister Soda brand in the United States except in Guam, where Pepsi began selling it under the Mirinda brand in 2007 (replacing Chamorro Punch Orange).


title: Mirinda

text: PepsiCo also tried to sell Mirinda in Brazil in late 1996, but the brand was discontinued in 1998 after weak sales, keeping the local brand "Sukita" under production.


title: Mirinda

text: In Italy, it has been sold under the brand Slam until 2021, when it was renamed. Mirinda has been sold in Russia since the early 1990s.


title: Mirinda

text: Mirinda campaigns over the years have included the "Mirinda Woman" campaign in the 1970s. The "Mirinda Craver"" ads produced by Jim Henson from 1975 to 1978 involved a monster called the Mirinda Craver (performed by Bob Payne and voiced by Allen Swift) craving the Mirinda drinks and doing anything to obtain one. With the Mirinda Craver being a live-hand Muppet, Payne was assisted in performing the Mirinda Craver by Louise Gold, Dave Holman, or Faz Fazakas, handling one of the arms, moving eyes and twirling hair of the Mirinda Craver.


title: Mirinda

text: A campaign between 1994 and 1996 used the tag-line "The Taste is in Mirinda" with the Blue Man Group. In some markets, including Mexico, the Blue Man Group campaign re-launched Mirinda away from a multi-flavour positioning to a brand solely focused on the orange flavour. The Blue Man Group campaign showed the Blue Man Group competing to drink orange Mirinda and celebrating a successful drink with an open-mouth exclamation of 'Mirindaaaa'. Also in Mexico, Mirinda launched a campaign with the Pokémon anime series aimed at children with a promotion of gadgets with the characters of the manga series.


title: Mirinda

text: Mirinda advertising campaigns have been handled by Pepsi's stable of creative agencies, including BBDO and J. Walter Thompson.


title: Mirinda

text: Mirinda has good sales in India. It uses "Pagalpanti Bhi Zaruri Hai" ("Madness is also needed" in Hindi) as sales tagline while Indian actress Asin is the brand ambassador of Mirinda in India. It also launched the "Mirinda Pagalpanti League" campaign in India to connect youths around the nation and share their fun stories on TV commercials. Coca-Cola's brand Fanta is the major competitor of Mirinda in the Indian markets. The most popular flavours of Mirinda in India include orange and lime.


title: Mirinda

text: Mirinda regularly introduces special movie-themed editions in Asia. Recent ones included Batman (blueberry) and Superman (fruit punch). Mirinda has also recently released a new flavour of drinks called Mirinda creme. They come in three flavours: mango, raspberry and lime.


title: Mirinda

text: Mirinda was briefly sold in Australia during the 1990s. In the 1990s, KFC in Australia switched from the Coke to the Pepsi family of soft drinks. It then sold Mirinda Orange and Mirinda Lemon, before later changing to Sunkist and Solo when the Australian Pepsi bottler gained the rights to the Schweppes/Dr Pepper brands. In the 2010s and 2020s, Mirinda syrups were available at Big W.


title: Mirinda

text: Mirinda is no longer sold in New Zealand, replaced with the introduction of PepsiCo's new Mountain Dew range of similar flavours (Code Red, Live Wire, Pitch Black, Electro Shock and Passionfruit Frenzy). , Clendon New World and Countdown supermarkets were bringing back Mirinda with their two flavours raspberry and orange, but it was unknown whether this was only for a limited sale or a permanent official return.


title: Mirinda

text: Mirinda has a long history in many Arab Countries. It has been sold since the late 1970s. As in many other countries, Mirinda comes in different flavours. Gulf states and Egypt are the biggest markets for Mirinda.


title: Mirinda

text: Mirinda is also sold in France in Arab stores, Arab fast foods and also in some of the large French hypermarkets such as Carrefour, Auchan and Géant.


title: Coprolalia

text: Coprolalia () is involuntary swearing or the involuntary utterance of obscene words or socially inappropriate and derogatory remarks. Coprolalia comes from the Greek ("kópros"), meaning "dung, feces", and ("laliā́") "speech", from ("laleîn") "to talk".


title: Coprolalia

text: Coprolalia is an occasional characteristic of tic disorders, in particular Tourette syndrome, although it is not required for a diagnosis of Tourette's and only about 10% of Tourette's patients exhibit coprolalia. It is not unique to tic disorders; it is also a rare symptom of other neurological disorders.


title: Coprolalia

text: Coprolalia is one type of coprophenomenon. Other coprophenomena include the related symptoms of copropraxia, involuntary actions such as performing obscene or forbidden gestures, and coprographia, making obscene writings or drawings.


title: Coprolalia

text: Coprolalia encompasses words and phrases that are culturally taboo or generally unsuitable for acceptable social use, when used out of context. The term is not used to describe contextual swearing. It is usually expressed out of social or emotional context, and may be spoken in a louder tone or different cadence or pitch than normal conversation. It can be a single word, or complex phrases. A person with coprolalia may repeat the word mentally rather than saying it out loud; these subvocalizations can be very distressing.


title: Coprolalia

text: Coprolalia is an occasional characteristic of Tourette syndrome, although it is not required for a diagnosis of Tourette's. In Tourette syndrome, compulsive swearing can be uncontrollable and undesired by the person uttering the phrases. Involuntary outbursts, such as racial or ethnic slurs in the company of those most offended by such remarks, can be particularly embarrassing. The phrases uttered by a person with coprolalia do not necessarily reflect the thoughts or opinions of the person.


title: Coprolalia

text: Coprolalia is not unique to tic disorders; it is also a rare symptom of other neurological disorders. It may occur after injuries to the brain such as stroke and encephalitis; in other neurological conditions such as choreoacanthocytosis, seizures, and Lesch–Nyhan syndrome; and rarely in persons with dementia or obsessive-compulsive disorder in the absence of tics.


title: Coprolalia

text: Only about 10% of people with Tourette's exhibit coprolalia, but it tends to attract more attention than any other symptom.


title: Coprolalia

text: There is a paucity of epidemiological studies of Tourette syndrome; ascertainment bias affects clinical studies. Studies on people with Tourette's often "came from tertiary referral samples, the sickest of the sick". Further, the criteria for a diagnosis of Tourette's were changed in 2000, when the impairment criterion was removed from the DSM-IV-TR for all tic disorders, resulting in increased diagnoses of milder cases. Additionally, many clinical studies suffer from small sample size. These factors combine to render older estimates of coprolalia—biased towards clinical populations of the more severe cases—outdated.


title: Coprolalia

text: An international, multi-site database of 3,500 individuals with Tourette syndrome drawn from clinical samples found 14% of patients with Tourette's accompanied by comorbid conditions had coprolalia, while only 6% of those with uncomplicated ("pure") Tourette's had coprolalia. The same study found that the chance of having coprolalia increased linearly with the number of comorbid conditions: patients with four or five other conditions—in addition to tics—were four to six times more likely to have coprolalia than persons with only Tourette's.


title: Coprolalia

text: One study of a general pediatric practice found an 8% rate of coprolalia in children with Tourette syndrome, while another study found 60% in a tertiary referral center (where typically more severe cases are referred). A more recent Brazilian study of 44 patients with Tourette syndrome found a 14% rate of coprolalia; a Costa Rican study of 85 subjects found 20% had coprolalia; a Chilean study of 70 patients found an 8.5% rate of coprolalia; older studies in Japan reported a 4% incidence of coprolalia; and a still older clinical study in Brazil found 28% of 32 patients had coprolalia. Considering the methodological issues affecting all of these reports, the consensus of the Tourette Syndrome Association is that the actual number is below 15 percent.


title: Coprolalia

text: Some patients have been treated by injecting botulinum toxin (botox) near the vocal cords. This does not prevent the vocalizations, but the partial paralysis that results helps to control the volume of any outbursts. Botox injections result in more generalized relief of tics than the vocal relief expected.


title: Coprolalia

text: The entertainment industry often depicts those with Tourette syndrome as being social misfits whose only tic is coprolalia, which has furthered stigmatization and the public's misunderstanding of those with Tourette's. The coprolalic symptoms of Tourette's are also fodder for radio and television talk shows.


title: Mini-Me

text: Mini-Me is a character played by Verne Troyer in the second and third Austin Powers films: "" and "Austin Powers in Goldmember".


title: Mini-Me

text: Before Dr. Evil was sent back in time to 1969, his minions made him a clone. The clone was similar in every manner although he was one-eighth his size (although Mini-Me is approximately one-third Dr. Evil’s size). Upon being introduced to his clone, Dr. Evil immediately declared, "Breathtaking. I shall call him... Mini-Me."