text: A Broadway revival opened at the 46th Street Theatre (by then renamed the Richard Rodgers Theatre) on March 23, 1995, and closed on July 14, 1996, after 548 performances. It was directed by Des McAnuff, choreographed by Wayne Cilento, with musical direction by Ted Sperling. Matthew Broderick starred as Finch and Rosemary was played by Megan Mullally. The cast also included Ronn Carroll as J.B. Biggley, Victoria Clark as Smitty, Jeff Blumenkrantz as Bud Frump, and, in a pre-recorded performance, Walter Cronkite as the Book Voice. The replacements for Mullally and Broderick were Broderick's future wife Sarah Jessica Parker as Rosemary and John Stamos as Finch. Ralph Macchio was offered the role of Finch when Broderick left the show, but opted to take the role in the touring cast instead. Broderick made a brief return to the show so he could star opposite Parker. Robert Mandan played Biggley in its California pre-Broadway run but chose not to transfer to New York.


title: How to Succeed in Business Without Really Trying (musical)

text: The wardrobe was designed by Susan Hilferty and is on display at the Costume World Broadway Collection in Pompano Beach, Florida.


text: A national tour of "How To Succeed" ran beginning in Baltimore in May 1996 and ended in Milwaukee in June 1997. Other stops included Sacramento, Portland, and Seattle. The national tour cast featured Ralph Macchio as J. Pierrepont Finch, Shauna Hicks (Rosemary Pilkington), Richard Thomsen (J.B. Biggley), Pamela Blair (Hedy LaRue), and Roger Bart (Bud Frump). Both Macchio and the production played to favorable reviews.


text: Daniel Radcliffe was featured in a reading in December 2009, with Rob Ashford as director and choreographer. Radcliffe starred in the revival for ten months, which began previews at the Al Hirschfeld Theatre on February 26, 2011, with the official opening on March 27, 2011. Rob Ashford directed and choreographed. Other cast included John Larroquette as J.B. Biggley, Rose Hemingway as Rosemary Pilkington, Mary Faber as Smitty, Tammy Blanchard as Hedy La Rue, and Christopher Hanke as Bud Frump. Anderson Cooper recorded the Voice of the Book for the production. The production was nominated for nine 2011 Tony Awards, including for director-choreographer Rob Ashford and as Best Revival of a Musical. John Larroquette won the Tony Award for Best Featured Actor in a Musical.


text: Darren Criss succeeded Radcliffe in the role of J. Pierrepont Finch for a limited, three-week engagement January 3–22, 2012. Criss was awarded the Broadway.com Audience Choice Award for Favorite Replacement for his performance in this role. Beau Bridges replaced John Larroquette as J.B. Biggley starting January 3, 2012. Nick Jonas took over the role of Finch on January 24, 2012. Jonas was nominated for a 2012 Broadway Beacon Award for his performance in this role. Michael Urie replaced Christopher Hanke in the role of Bud Frump starting on January 24, 2012.


text: In 1967, United Artists released a film adapted and directed by David Swift. Robert Morse, Rudy Vallée, Michele Lee (who replaced Bonnie Scott as Rosemary during the show's Broadway run), Sammy Smith and Ruth Kobart recreated their roles for the film, and Fosse again choreographed. Several songs were omitted from the score, such as "Love From a Heart of Gold," "Happy to Keep His Dinner Warm," "Cinderella Darling," "Paris Original," and "Coffee Break", although there are musical and verbal references respectively to the last two. In the film's finale, Frump was among the entire company singing a finale version of "The Company Way."


text: The musical was adapted by Burrows for a television production starring Alan Bursky, Susan Blanchard and Larry Haines, directed by Burt Brinckerhoff. The production aired as an ABC Comedy Special on June 27, 1975.


text: The original 1961 Broadway production opened to highly positive reviews. "New York Times" critic Howard Taubman wrote, "It stings mischievously and laughs uproariously...It belongs to the blue chips among modern musicals." Taubman praised the show's "adult viewpoint and consistency of style", stating that Burrows had "directed brilliantly" and that Loesser had "written lyrics with an edge and tunes with a grin...the songs sharpen the ridicule." Taubman stated Robert Morse played Finch "with unfailing bravura and wit", pronouncing Finch, as portrayed by Morse, "a rumpled, dimpled angel with a streak of Lucifer." John Chapman of the "Daily News" deemed it "the definitive musical about high life in the city" with "perfect musical comedy construction." Chapman declared that "Loesser is the perfect man for his end of the show - the songs; for he is a cynic without being tough. He has not put in a note of music or a syllable of lyric that doesn't carry the story along." Richard Watts, Jr. of the "New York Post" wrote, "In its first performance at the 46th St. Theater Saturday night, its satire, humor, book, music, lyrics, cast, staging, choreography, setting and general gaiety of spirit combined in a smooth, fast pattern of expert showmanship to make the occasion a delightful event."


text: In the "New York Herald Tribune", critic Walter Kerr stated, "Not a sincere line is spoken in the new Abe Burrows-Frank Loesser musical, and what a relief that is..."How to Succeed" is crafty, conniving, sneaky, cynical, irreverent, impertinent, sly, malicious, and lovely, just lovely." He opined that Burrows was most responsible for the musical's success, pronouncing, "What most distinguishes a sassy, gay, and exhilarating evening is--you'll never believe this--the book...Gags are subordinated to impish running commentary; Mr Loesser's perky score is subordinated to the merry malice that is afoot." John McClain of the "New York Journal American" declared it to be "The most inventive and stylized and altogether infectious new musical in recent recollection", pronouncing it "the sheerest farce..gay, zingy, amoral, witty and shot with style. It comes very close to being a new form in musicals." He praised Loesser's score, saying, "All the music has been integrated into the plot, to fit the mood as well as the momentum. His lyrics are generally superb." McClain particularly noted Bob Fosse's choreography, saying that his dances were "a whole new chapter in ingenuity." Norman Nadel of the "New York World-Telegram and Sun" declared, "Whichever white winged angel watches over theatrical enterprises was sitting on top of the 46th St. Theatre Saturday night, joyously blasting away on a solid gold trumpet."


text: In contrast, in their reviews of the 2011 Broadway revival, the "New York Times" chief theater critic Ben Brantley warns that the show's book writers "failed to give Ponty any defining traits beyond all-consuming ambition" and that "you don’t particularly want [Daniel Radcliffe's] character in the show to succeed, and that really is a problem." Charles McNulty of the "Los Angeles Times" opined that the musical "is hampered by a dated book" and that its "episodic structure now seems as belabored as a sitcom plucked from a rusty time capsule", while "all the romantic brouhaha with moony secretaries is beyond retro."


text: The show was the second musical in three years to win the top three theatre awards - Tony, the New York Drama Critics Circle award, and the Pulitzer Prize - following the success of "Fiorello!". It was only the fourth musical to win the Pulitzer after "Of Thee I Sing" (1932), "South Pacific" (1950) and "Fiorello!".


title: David Shore

text: David Shore (born July 3, 1959) is a Canadian television writer. Shore worked on "Family Law", "NYPD Blue" and "Due South", also producing many episodes of the latter. He created the critically acclaimed series "House" and more recently, "Battle Creek" and "The Good Doctor".


title: David Shore

text: Shore was born in London, Ontario, Canada, to Jewish parents. His younger twin brothers, Ephraim Shore and Raphael Shore, are Aish HaTorah rabbis. David is the only member of his family involved in television, although his younger brother Raphael Shore made three political documentaries about the Middle East conflict.


title: David Shore

text: After graduating from A.B. Lucas Secondary School with distinction, he subsequently attended The University of Western Ontario for an undergraduate degree, and the University of Toronto for his law degree in 1982. Following his education he initially worked as a municipal and corporate lawyer in his native Canada before he moved to Los Angeles to break into television.


title: David Shore

text: Shore wrote for the television series "Due South" — about another Canadian transplanted in America, albeit a member of the Royal Canadian Mounted Police — before he became a producer on the ABC drama "NYPD Blue". His work on that series was nominated for two Emmy Awards.


title: David Shore

text: Shore then moved on to the series "Family Law", "Hack", and "Century City", but these were not commercial successes.


title: David Shore

text: In 2003, producer Paul Attanasio — who had previously worked with NBC on such shows as "" and "Gideon's Crossing" — approached Shore to request a procedural, as he knew the network was looking for another one to follow up on the success of "Law & Order" and to imitate CBS's success with "" and "NCIS". Attanasio's idea was to apply the police procedural genre to a show about medicine. While in most procedurals the characters are secondary to the mystery, Shore decided that a medical procedural should place the mystery secondary to the hero. He therefore conceived of a hero similar to the iconic detective Sherlock Holmes.


title: David Shore

text: That hero was Dr. Gregory House, the main character of "House, M.D.", played (with an American accent) by the British actor, comedian, and musician Hugh Laurie. Although NBC took a pass on the series, Fox picked it up, and by the end of the first season, it was their biggest new hit of 2004–05. Shore wrote or co-wrote five episodes of that first season, including its pilot and the Season One pre-finale, "Three Stories", in which he intricately wove the stories of three patients, while also revealing the reason for Dr. House's limp and Vicodin (hydrocodone) addiction. The latter of these won the 2005 Emmy for Outstanding Writing for a Drama Series. Shore made his directorial debut on the series "House" directing the Season Two finale "No Reason". Due to the success of "House", Shore was granted a generous contract for fourth, fifth, and sixth seasons. The sixth season began with a two-hour season premiere titled "Broken", which he co-wrote. Shore and his co-writers won the Writers Guild of America Award for episodic drama at the February 2010 ceremony for the premiere.


title: David Shore

text: "House" was renewed for a seventh season, which began airing on September 20, 2010, as well as an eighth and final season.


title: David Shore

text: In 2009, Shore finished production of the short-lived police TV show "Winters" starring Famke Janssen.


title: David Shore

text: In February 2013, "Entertainment Weekly" reported that Shore would write for an upcoming ABC television show titled "Doubt", about "a 'charming low-rent' lawyer battling his demons" starring Steve Coogan.


title: David Shore

text: In August, 2015, Amazon Video released a pilot episode for "Sneaky Pete", a show Shore and Bryan Cranston created. The first season of "Sneaky Pete" was exclusively released in its entirety on Amazon Video on January 13, 2017.


title: David Shore

text: In 2019, as WGA Co-Chair, Shore joined other WGA members in firing their agents as part of the WGA's stand against the ATA and the practice of packaging. In May 2021, he and his Shore Z Productions company renewed his first look deal with Sony.


title: David Shore

text: He lived in Encino Hills, California, with his wife Judy and their three children until 2010, when the family moved to a larger home in nearby Pacific Palisades.


title: Caprese salad

text: Caprese salad ( or simply "caprese") is a simple Italian salad, made of sliced fresh mozzarella, tomatoes, and sweet basil, seasoned with salt, and olive oil. It is usually arranged on a plate in restaurant practice. Like pizza Margherita, it features the colours of the Italian flag: green, white, and red. In Italy, it is usually served as an "antipasto" (starter), not a "contorno" (side dish), and it may be eaten any time of day. The caprese salad is one form of a caprese dish; it may also be served as a caprese pizza, pasta, or sandwich.


title: Caprese salad

text: The salad is named after the island of Capri, where it is believed to have originated. Two common stories about its origin include it being an homage to the Italian flag or "in the 20th century to appease the palates of vacationing royalty and important politicos."


title: Caprese salad

text: Variations of Caprese salad may include Italian dressing or pesto in place of olive oil, or balsamic vinegar in addition to it. Olives may appear, along with arugula (rocket) or romaine lettuce to augment the basil. Oregano or black pepper is sometimes added. Buffalo mozzarella can be substituted for mozzarella to intensify flavor. It can also have pasta or rice mixed in with it, to make it a grain salad.


title: Oghuz Khagan

text: Oghuz Khagan or Oghuz Khan (; ; Azerbaijani: Oğuz Xan or Oğuz Xaqan) is a legendary khan of the Turkic people and an eponymous ancestor of Oghuz Turks. Some Turkic cultures use the legend of Oghuz Khan to describe their ethnic and tribal origins. The various versions of the narrative preserved in many different manuscripts has been published in numerous languages as listed below in the references. The narratives about him are often entitled Oghuzname, of which there are several traditions, describing his many feats and conquests, some of these tend to overlap with other Turkic epic traditions such as Seljukname and The Book of Dede Korkut.


title: Oghuz Khagan

text: The name of Oghuz Khan has been associated with Maodun, also known as Mete Khan; the reason being that there is a remarkable similarity between the biography of Oghuz Khagan in the Turkic mythology and the biography of Maodun found in the Chinese historiography, which was first noticed by the Russo-Chuvash sinologist Hyacinth.


title: Oghuz Khagan

text: The legend of Oghuz Khan is one of a number of different origin narratives that circulated among the Turkic peoples of Central Asia. It was first recorded in the 13th century.


title: Oghuz Khagan

text: The anonymous Uyghur vertical script narrative of the 14th century, which is preserved in Paris, is a manuscript that was probably already being modified to fit with stories of the Mongol Conquest, as Paul Pelliot has shown and it does have suggestions of Oghuz Khan's later significance as Islamizer of the Turks, and does not include the figure of Moghul (Mongol) as an ancestor of Oghuz Khan.


title: Oghuz Khagan

text: Abū’l-Ghāzī's 17th-century version called "Shajara-i Tarākima" (Genealogy of the Turkmen) roughly follows Rashīd ad-Dīn's already Mongolized (post-conquest) version of the early 14th century. But in his account, Oghuz Khan is more fully integrated into Islamic and Mongol traditional history. The account begins with the descent from Adam to Noah, who after the flood sends his three sons to repopulate the earth: Ham was sent to Africa, Sam to Iran, and Yafes went to the banks of the Itil and Yaik rivers and had eight sons named Turk, Khazar, Saqlab, Rus, Ming, Chin, Kemeri, and Tarikh. As he was dying he established Turk as his successor.


title: Oghuz Khagan

text: Turk settled at Issiq Kul and was succeeded by Tutek, the eldest of his four sons. Four generations after him came three sons: Tatar, Qara, and Moghul(Mongol), who divided the kingdom between them. Qara Khan begat Oghuz Khan. For three days he would not nurse and every night he appeared in his mother's dream and told his mother to become a Muslim or he would not suckle her breast. His mother converted, and Abū’l-Ghāzī writes that the Turkic peoples of Yafes from the time of Qara Khan had been Muslim but had lost the faith. Oghuz Khan restored Islamic belief.


title: Oghuz Khagan

text: The Seljuks originated from the Kinik branch of the Oghuz Turks, who in the 9th century lived on the periphery of the Muslim world, north of the Caspian Sea and Aral Sea in their Yabghu Khaganate of the Oghuz confederacy. During the 11th century, they established the Great Seljuk Empire under the command of the Seljuk chieftains Toghrul Beg and Chaghri Beg.


title: Oghuz Khagan

text: There are certain historical sources that state that the Anushteginids, who ruled vast parts of Central Asia from 1077 to 1231 under the title of Khwarazmshahs, descended from the Begdili tribe of the Oghuz Turks.


title: Oghuz Khagan

text: The dynasty was founded by commander Anush Tigin Gharchai, a former Turkic slave of the Seljuq sultans, who was appointed as governor of Khwarezm. His son, Qutb ad-Din Muhammad I, became the first hereditary Shah of Khwarezm.


title: Oghuz Khagan

text: Qara Qoyunlu was a tribal confederation of Oguz Turkic nomadic tribes from the Oguz tribe of Yiva, which existed in the 14-15th centuries in Western Asia, on the territory of modern Azerbaijan, Armenia, Iraq, northwestern Iran and eastern Turkey.


title: Oghuz Khagan

text: Ottoman historian and ambassador to the Qara Qoyunlu, Şükrullah states that Ertuğrul's lineage goes to Gökalp, a son of Oghuz Khagan. The author states that the information was shown during a court of Jahan Shah, from a book written in Mongolian script.


title: Oghuz Khagan

text: , in early 15th century, traced Osman's genealogy to Oghuz Khagan, through his senior grandson of his senior son, so giving the Ottoman sultans primacy among Turkish monarchs. Yazıcıoğlu quotes as follows:


title: Oghuz Khagan

text: According to Ottoman historian Neşri, Osman had a grandfather with a king's name and came from a lineage of the senior branch of Oghuz family:


title: Oghuz Khagan

text: Cem Sultan, Bayezid II's brother, linked their genealogy to Oghuz Khagan that would prevail as a tool of legitimization of the sixteenth century onwards:


title: Oghuz Khagan

text: According to a Turkic legend, Oghuz was born in Central Asia as the son of Qara Khan, leader of the Turkic people. He started talking as soon as he was born. He stopped drinking his mother's milk after the first time and asked for kymyz (an alcoholic beverage made with fermented horse milk) and meat. After that, he grew up supernaturally fast and in only forty days he became a young adult. At the time of his birth, the lands of the Turkic people were preyed upon by a dragon named Kiyant. Oghuz armed himself and went to kill the dragon. He set a trap for the dragon by hanging a freshly killed deer in a tree, then killed the great dragon with a bronze lance and cut off its head with a steel sword.


title: Oghuz Khagan

text: After Oghuz killed Kiyant, he became a people's hero. He formed a special warrior band from the forty sons of forty Turkic begs (lords, chiefs), thus gathering the clans together. But his Chinese stepmother and half-brother, who was the heir to the throne, became intimidated by his power and convinced Qara Khan that Oghuz was planning to dethrone him. Qara Khan decided to assassinate Oghuz at a hunting party. Oghuz learned about this plan and instead killed his father and became the khan. His stepmother and half-brother fled to Chinese lands.


title: Oghuz Khagan

text: After Oghuz became the khan, he went to the steppes by himself to praise and pray to Tengri. While praying, he saw a circle of light coming from the sky with a supernaturally beautiful girl standing in the light. Oghuz fell in love with the girl and married her. He had three sons whom he named Gün (Sun), Ay (Moon), and Yıldız (Star) (all in Turkish). Later, Oghuz went hunting and saw another mesmerizing girl inside a tree. He married her as well and had three more sons whom he named Gök (Sky), Dağ (Mountain), and Deniz (Sea) (in Turkish).


title: Oghuz Khagan

text: After his sons were born, Oghuz Khan gave a great (feast) and invited all of his begs (lords). At the feast, he gave this order to his lords:


title: Oghuz Khagan

text: Then, he sent letters to the Kings of the Four Directions, saying: "I am the Khan of the Turks. And I will be Khan of the Four Corners of the Earth. I want your obedience."


title: Oghuz Khagan

text: Altun Khan (Golden Khan), on the right corner of the earth, submitted his obedience, but Urum (Roman), Khan of the left corner, did not. Oghuz declared war on Urum Khan and marched his army to the west. One night, a large male wolf with grey fur (which is an avatar of Tengri) came to his tent in an aura of light. He said, "Oghuz, you want to march against Urum, I want to march before your army." So, the grey sky-wolf marched before the Turkic army and guided them. The two armies fought near the river İtil (Volga). Oghuz Khan won the battle. Then, Oghuz and his six sons carried out campaigns in Turkistan, India, Iran, Egypt, Iraq and Syria, with the grey wolf as their guide. He became the Khan of the Four Corners of the Earth.


title: Oghuz Khagan

text: In his old age, Oghuz saw a dream. He called his six sons and sent them to the east and the west. His elder sons found a golden bow in the east. His younger sons found three silver arrows in the west. Oghuz Khan broke the golden bow into three pieces and gave each to his three older sons Gün, Ay, and Yıldız. He said, "My older sons, take this bow and shoot your arrows to the sky like this bow." He gave the three silver arrows to his three younger sons Gök, Dağ and Deniz and said, "My younger sons, take these silver arrows. A bow shoots arrows and you are to be like the arrow." Then, he passed his lands on to his sons, Bozoks (Gray Arrows - elder sons) and Üçoks (Three Arrows - younger sons) at a final banquet.


title: Oghuz Khagan

text: (Abū’l-Ghāzī identifies the lineage symbols, tamga seals and ongon spirit guiding birds, as well as specifying the political hierarchy and seating order at banquets for these sons and their 24 sons). Then he said:


title: Oghuz Khagan

text: According to Abulgazi, Oguz Khan could have lived four thousand years before Prophet Muhammad during the time of the legendary ancient king Keyumars. French academician of the 18th century J.-S. Bailly refers the period of Khan's life to the 29th century B.C., the Russian geographer and historian of the 18th century and Soviet historian O. Tumanovich - to the 7th century B.C. The French Encyclopedia of Diderot and d'Alembert mentions that Oghuz Khan lived long before the Persian king Cyrus II.


title: Oghuz Khagan

text: Swedish geographer and cartographer of the 17th-18th centuries Philip Johan von Strahlenberg, based on the Ancient Greek historian Diodorus Siculus and other historians, concludes that Oghuz Khan was the leader of the ancient Scythian peoples, under whose leadership they conquered vast territories in the Middle East, Southeast Europe and Egypt in ancient times. Stralenberg also notes that among the Asian peoples, Oghuz Khan enjoys the same fame as Alexander the Great and Julius Caesar among Europeans.


title: Oghuz Khagan

text: In scientific literature, the name of Maodun is usually associated with Oghuz Khagan. The reason for that is a striking similarity of the Oghuz-Kagan biography in the Turko-Persian manuscripts (Rashid al-Din, Hondemir, Abulgazi) with the Maodun biography in the Chinese sources (feud between the father and son and murder of the former, the direction and sequence of conquests, etc.), which was first noticed by N.Ya. Bichurin (Collection of information, pp. 56–57).


title: Oghuz Khagan

text: Oghuz Khan is sometimes considered the legendary founder of most Turkic people, and ancestor of the Oghuz subbranch. Even today, subbranches of Oghuz are classified in order of the legendary six sons and 24 grandsons of Oghuz Khan. In history, Turkmen dynasties often rebelled or claimed sovereignty by saying their rank was higher than the existing dynasty in this tribal classification.


title: Haytham Kenway

text: Haytham E. Kenway is a fictional character in the "Assassin's Creed" video game franchise. He is a British member of the Templar Order who serves as a central character during the games set around the French and Indian War and the American Revolution. He is introduced as the false protagonist of "Assassin's Creed III" (2012), in which players control him for the game's initial chapters, before being revealed as the true antagonist. Haytham also serves as a supporting character in "Assassin's Creed Rogue" (2014), which takes place between his playable chapters in "Assassin's Creed III" and the latter part of the game, and his backstory is further explored in the novel "Assassin's Creed: Forsaken". In the games, he is portrayed by actor Adrian Hough through performance capture.


title: Haytham Kenway

text: Within the series' alternate historical setting, Haytham was born in 1725 as the son of Edward Kenway, a former pirate and one of the leading members of the British Brotherhood of Assassins. Following his father's murder in 1735, he is manipulated into joining the Templar Order, the Assassins' arch-enemies, and eventually becomes one of the Order's leading members as the Grand Master of the North American colonial rite. Under Haytham's leadership, the Templars exterminate most of the Colonial Assassins, becoming the dominant force on the continent, and attempt to build a new nation under their rule by manipulating events, such as starting the Revolutionary War. During this time, Haytham sires a son, Ratonhnaké:ton / Connor, with a Native American woman, who in turn joins the Assassins and undoes most of his father's work. Though Haytham and Connor briefly become allies and consider unifying their orders, they both ultimately realise that peace between the Assassins and Templars is impossible, and their conflict culminates with Haytham's death at Connor's hands in 1781.


title: Haytham Kenway

text: Prior to "Assassin's Creed III"s release, Haytham was not advertised as a playable character in order to surprise players. The twist that players were actually controlling a Templar during the first third of the game was praised for its cleverness and for being the first time in the series that players got to experience the Templars' point of view in the storyline, although some criticized the inclusion of Haytham's sequences for ruining the game's pacing. Unlike his son Connor, who had a divisive reception, Haytham was well-received for his charm and complexity, and is considered one of the best villains in the franchise.


title: Haytham Kenway

text: Haytham's inclusion as a playable character was kept secret from the press and was only known to the development team, with all advertisement solely focusing on Connor. Looking back on the game in 2019, Alex Hutchinson, the Creative Director of "Assassin's Creed III", named the decision to make Haytham the surprise protagonist of the first third of the game as an effective idea to draw players into the narrative. It also offers a fresh perspective on the conflict between Assassins and Templars, as Haytham is the first playable Templar in the series. However, he noted that his character arc was far too long because there was no time for extensive product testing, which led to some backlash from players. According to series writer Susan Patrick, in "Rogue", the emphasis of his role was placed on him being a role model for Assassin-turned-Templar Shay Patrick Cormac, because they both had similar backgrounds, while one of the main objectives of the game was to show the missing chapters in Haytham's life. Adrian Hough, the actor who performed Haytham's voice and motion capture, noted that the writing was very good for the character, and acknowledged that the development team gave him artistic freedom to make the character his own, ultimately considering him a product of his performance as well as writing and animation.


title: Haytham Kenway

text: Darby McDevitt, the narrative director of the 2020 series installment "Assassin's Creed Valhalla", found an opportunity to include a reference to Haytham in the game. Recalling that some fans had given feedback that Haytham sounded like an Arabic name, McDevitt suggested "Haytham or Hytham" for the name of a supporting character who brings the Hidden Ones back to England during the events of "Valhalla", which serves as an in-universe basis for Edward Kenway's likely decision to name his son.


title: Haytham Kenway

text: Born in 1725 in London to former pirate-turned-Master Assassin Edward Kenway and his second wife Tessa, Haytham belonged to the British nobility and was raised secluded from other children, being trained to be an Assassin from an early age. However, this changed in 1735, when Edward was murdered by unknown assailants who broke into their home one night. Haytham's half-sister, Jennifer, was kidnapped in the confusion, while Haytham was forced to kill for the first time in order to save his mother. Edward's acquaintance Reginald Birch, unknown to him a Templar and the one responsible for the attack, was appointed Haytham's legal guardian and took him on an unsuccessful quest throughout Europe to find Jennifer, during which Haytham was trained in the ways of the Templars, eventually joining the order in 1744.


title: Haytham Kenway

text: In 1754, he was tasked by Birch to travel to the Thirteen Colonies after retrieving a "Piece of Eden", a powerful artifact made by the lost Precursor race, from the Assassins, to find the Precursor temple it was thought to open, as well as establishing a presence for the Order on the continent as the new Grand Master of the Colonial Rite of the Templar Order. Recruiting Charles Lee, William Johnson, Thomas Hickey, Benjamin Church, and John Pitcairn, Haytham was successful in establishing a base for the Order on the continent after killing his former associate Edward Braddock. However, his quest to find the temple his Piece of Eden was supposed to open proved unsuccessful. During this time, he had a brief relationship with a Native American woman, Kaniehtí꞉io (or "Ziio"), which resulted in the latter remaining pregnant with their son, Ratonhnaké:ton. Haytham left Ziio to focus on his Templar affairs before their son was born, and did not learn about his existence until much later in life.


title: Haytham Kenway

text: Haytham returned to Europe in 1757 to continue searching for Jennifer, which eventually led him to the Ottoman Empire, where he recovered her from slavers. After she revealed to him that Birch was behind their family's demise, he led an attack on his estate, where Birch was killed, and Haytham was gravely injured.


title: Haytham Kenway

text: After recovering from his injuries, he returned to the colonies, where he extended the Templar's influence. From 1758 to 1760, he worked with former Assassin-turned-Templar Shay Patrick Cormac to keep the Assassins from accessing Precursor sites that could lead to devastating earthquakes, eventually taking out his father's former first mate and fellow Assassin Adéwalé in the wake of the Siege of Louisburg. As the Assassins refused to give up hunting for the Precursor sites, Haytham and Shay eventually clashed with the remaining Assassins in a Precursor site in the Arctic, where the Colonial Brotherhood of Assassins was defeated and their leader, Achilles Davenport, crippled by Haytham.


title: Haytham Kenway

text: After destroying the Assassins and making the Templars the dominant force on the continent, Haytham's main goal over the next two decades was to replace British colonial rule and establish a new state where the Templars' ideals would become law. However, his attempts were thwarted by his son, now known as Connor, who was trained as an Assassin by Achilles to take vengeance on the Templars, whom Connor blamed for an attack on his village which killed his mother. His fellow Templars had chosen not to tell Haytham of the attack, knowing the news of Ziio's death would affect him, but when questioned for details, they revealed that it was ordered by George Washington. The news of having a son shocked Haytham, who became torn between his loyalty to the Order and his newfound sense of paternal responsibility. When Connor was later framed by the Templars for a plot to assassinate Washington, Haytham, not wanting to have his son's death on his conscience, secretly saved him from his execution.


title: Haytham Kenway

text: In 1778, Haytham and Connor formally met and formed an unstable alliance to track down former Templar Benjamin Church and further the Revolution. Realizing his son could become an important asset if converted to the Templars, Haytham took this opportunity to teach him about the Order's true goals and motives, and eventually told him the truth about Washington's attack on his tribe, hoping to turn Connor against the latter. However, this had the opposite effect, as Connor became distrustful of both Haytham and Washington and cut ties with them, yet continued supporting the Continental Army.


title: Haytham Kenway

text: Eventually admitting he would not be able to turn his son into a Templar and realizing the threat he posed to the Order, Haytham decided to do his best to stop him from destroying what was left of the Colonial Templars. In 1781, correctly predicting that Connor would target his last remaining ally, Charles Lee, Haytham sent the latter away after giving him his Piece of Eden for safekeeping, and waited for his son's arrival at Fort George. When Connor infiltrated the fort expecting to find Lee, Haytham ambushed him, but was ultimately bested by Connor, who mortally wounded him. Before dying, Haytham mocked Connor and his Assassin ideals, saying he did not regret his actions, but admitted that he was still proud of his son's growth and that he should have killed him much earlier. Sometime after Haytham's death, Connor recovered his journal, in which the former revealed that he did not expect to survive his final confrontation with Connor and that he wanted his son to have his journal, so that he would better understand his point of view and maybe forgive him, implying that Haytham let Connor kill him.


title: Haytham Kenway

text: Aside from "Assassin's Creed III" and "Rogue", Haytham has made cameo appearances in several other games in the series. In "", which stars his father Edward, he appears as a young child in a post-credits scene, while the fictional video games subsidiary of Abstergo Industries considers him suited as a video game protagonist advocating the Templar's ideals, due to him being regarded as one of the greatest Templars in history. This idea has materialized in "Assassin's Creed Unity", where the fictional video game "The Lone Eagle", starring him, can be seen at the start of the game. Alongside multiple other Templar characters from the series, Haytham appears in the 2014 online role-playing collectible card game "Assassin's Creed Memories".


title: Haytham Kenway

text: Haytham was well-received as a character and often contrasted with his mixed to negatively received son, Connor. In a contemporary review of "Assassin's Creed III" for "PC Gamer", Chris Thursten called Haytham a good villain but also observed that "the writers seem to like [Haytham] more than they do their ostensible lead [Connor]." However, a lot of contemporary reviewers refused to give a detailed account on Haytham, in order to not spoil the plot twist that he, a Templar, is the game's first protagonist. Alex Hutchinson, Creative Director of "Assassin's Creed" noted that the character faced some backlash as a surprise protagonist due to his arc being too long, but pointed out that he remains a fan favorite, making his way into other installments and selling a lot of action figures, whereas "GamesRadar+" lauded this move as "bold" in a list of gaming's most satisfying character switches.


title: Haytham Kenway

text: "IGN" listed Haytham among the best new video game characters of 2012, claiming that "no man is as cunning, conniving, and sassy as Haytham Kenway". In 2020, "IGN Brasil" ranked Haytham as the second best villain in the franchise. In a ranking of all Assassin's Creed characters by "PC Gamer", Haytham was ranked much higher than Connor (who finished last) and also eclipsed his father Edward, with the reviewer comparing him favorably to James Bond, noting that "his ruthlessness make him a joy to play as", in contrast to Connor. In a similar ranking, Haytham finished seventh in a list of the ten best characters in the series, where his role as a "superb villain" was a good contrast to the game's protagonist, with Haytham being one of the "most charismatic characters seen in Assassin’s Creed to date", while he was ranked the franchises tenth-greatest protagonist by German outlet "GamePro", who noted that his moral ambiguity and complexity made players reflect on the nature of the Templar Order for the first time in the series' history. Likewise, "GameRevolution" featured Haytham in a list of "video game villains who were actually right", especially in regards to his vision of an ideal state.


title: Haytham Kenway

text: Adrian Hough, the voice actor who portrayed Haytham, was nominated for a BAFTA Games Award in the "Performer" category at the 9th British Academy Games Awards ceremony for his portrayal. In an interview, the actor noted the positive fan response his character had received, especially in regards to cosplay.


title: Haytham Kenway

text: While discussing which characters should be included in a future Netflix series based on the video games, Matthew Aguilar of "Comicbook.com" opted for Haytham, noting his charm and backstory, calling him one of the most interesting villains in the series.


title: Haytham Kenway

text: Writing for "Heavy", Paul Meekin observed that the Templar Order seeks control of governments, finances, and the day-to-day lives of individuals they view as "too dangerous to themselves to be trusted" because they believe that this is the best solution for humanity’s supposedly self-destructive nature; he highlighted a quote by Haytham from "Assassin's Creed III" where the character posits that it is within humanity's nature to be told what to believe and how to believe it. Nick Dinicola from "PopMatters" noted that while the Templars can produce good leaders, in truth their true goal is to consolidate power for personal gain: Haytham himself is "sympathetic to the plights of those beneath him, but he’s among terrible company: two tyrants and a slave trader". With regards to his position and legacy within his Order, Dinicola drew attention to in-game Templar propaganda presented in "Rogue" which contends that Haytham was “slain by the ungrateful [Assassin] son who could not appreciate the wisdom of his pragmatic, race-blind approach to politics and personal life” as an example of how the Templars use their position of power to rewrite history and promote themselves in a more favorable light.


title: Felix Afena-Gyan

text: Felix Afena Ohene-Gyan (born 19 January 2003) is a Ghanaian professional footballer who plays as a forward for club Cremonese and the Ghana national team.


title: Felix Afena-Gyan

text: Born in Sunyani, Ghana, Afena-Gyan moved to Serie A side Roma's youth team on 13 March 2021, from EurAfrica FC.


title: Felix Afena-Gyan

text: Afena-Gyan was first called up to the senior team on 24 October, in Roma's Serie A game against Napoli. He made his professional debut on 27 October, against Cagliari. On 21 November, he came off the bench to score two late goals against Genoa, to give Roma a 2–0 win. The brace made him the first player born in 2003 to score in the Serie A. At the end of his first professional season, the Ghanaian striker played a total amount of 22 games for the Italian side, having also contributed (with three appearances) to their final victory in the opening edition of the UEFA Europa Conference League.


title: Felix Afena-Gyan

text: On 29 August 2022, Afena-Gyan was signed by newly-promoted Serie A club Cremonese on a permanent deal.


title: Felix Afena-Gyan

text: On 4 November 2021, Afena-Gyan received his first call-up by the Ghana national team. However, he turned down the invitation for the "Black Stars" for the 2022 FIFA World Cup qualifiers against Ethiopia and South Africa. He revealed in an interview with Italian journalist, Gianluca Di Marzio that he felt the call-up was too early and that he wanted to concentrate on developing under José Mourinho at club level before accepting a call-up.


title: Felix Afena-Gyan

text: On 1 June 2022, Afena-Gyan scored his first international goal, as he contributed to the "Black Stars"' 3–0 win against Madagascar in the first match of the qualifiers to the 2023 Africa Cup of Nations: in the same occasion, he also provided the assist for Mohammed Kudus' opening goal.


title: Felix Afena-Gyan

text: In February 2022, Afena-Gyan signed a sponsorship deal with German sportswear and equipment supplier Puma.


title: 2014–15 Manchester United F.C. season

text: The 2014–15 season was Manchester United's 23rd season in the Premier League, and their 40th consecutive season in the top-flight of English football.


title: 2014–15 Manchester United F.C. season

text: United began the season on 16 August 2014, with the opening game of their Premier League campaign. They also competed in two domestic cups — the FA Cup and the League Cup. This was the first season since 1989–90 that Manchester United did not compete in any European competition having finished seventh in the last Premier League season; the club had participated in the UEFA Champions League since the 1995–96 campaign and European competitions since 1990–91.


title: 2014–15 Manchester United F.C. season

text: Louis van Gaal was announced as the new manager in May 2014 after the sacking of David Moyes in April. He appointed Ryan Giggs, who retired from playing, as assistant manager; Marcel Bout as assistant coach, specialising in oppositional scouting; and Frans Hoek as goalkeeping coach. Rio Ferdinand, Nemanja Vidić and Patrice Evra left the club. United completed their first signing of the season on 26 June 2014 with the acquisition of Ander Herrera from Athletic Bilbao for £29 million, and followed this up the following day with Luke Shaw from Southampton. Following the departures of Vidić and Evra, Wayne Rooney and Darren Fletcher were named as captain and vice-captain respectively.


title: 2014–15 Manchester United F.C. season

text: Manchester United preceded their 2014–15 campaign with a tour of the United States. They played LA Galaxy in the Chevrolet Cup on 23 July, and also participated in the 2014 International Champions Cup from 26 July to 2 August, playing against Roma, Internazionale and Real Madrid in the group stage. The match against Real Madrid on 2 August set a US attendance record of 109,318. Having beaten Roma and Real Madrid in normal time, and Internazionale on penalties to win their group, they qualified for the final against Liverpool on 4 August. After going behind to a Steven Gerrard penalty in the first half, United rallied in the second with goals from Wayne Rooney, Juan Mata and Jesse Lingard to win 3–1. Upon their return to England, the team played against Valencia on 12 August in what was Louis van Gaal's first home match as Manchester United manager.


title: 2014–15 Manchester United F.C. season

text: The fixtures for the 2014–15 league season were announced on 18 June 2014. Manchester United opened their Premier League campaign at home to Swansea City on 16 August 2014, and their last game of the season was away to Hull City on 24 May 2015. The season started off on the wrong foot for Manchester United, losing 2–1 at home to Swansea City, marking Swansea's first league win at Old Trafford in club history and the "Red Devils"' first home loss in a season opener since 1972. Juan Mata gave United the lead away at Sunderland but Jack Rodwell equalised on his debut, meaning the match finished as a draw, before United ended August with a laboured 0–0 draw against Burnley, despite Ángel Di María making his debut for the "Red Devils".


title: 2014–15 Manchester United F.C. season

text: The draw was followed up with United's first win of the season, a 4–0 thumping of Queens Park Rangers. However, the following week, 2–0 and 3–1 leads were blown as the "Red Devils" suffered a remarkable 5–3 defeat away to Leicester City. September concluded with a nervy 2–1 home win over West Ham United despite captain Wayne Rooney's sending-off for a reckless kick at the legs of Stewart Downing.


title: 2014–15 Manchester United F.C. season

text: The next fixture, without club captain Rooney, was a morale-boosting 2–1 home victory over Everton, who had achieved the league double over United the previous season. Radamel Falcao netted the winner with his first goal for United. The next two matches were last-minute draws against West Bromwich Albion and league leaders Chelsea, respectively.


title: 2014–15 Manchester United F.C. season

text: A United side which was severely depleted in defence then narrowly lost to city rivals Manchester City on 2 November, with Sergio Agüero's goal separating the teams at the Etihad Stadium. The next match, a 1–0 victory over Crystal Palace courtesy of a Juan Mata strike, ignited a six-match winning run that took United to third place in the table. Although United recorded wins over Premier League giants Arsenal, Liverpool and in-form Southampton, they were greatly indebted to Spanish goalkeeper David de Gea, who made many game-saving stops. United then drew away to Aston Villa, with new signing Falcao scoring his second goal for the club. The Boxing Day clash against Newcastle at Old Trafford was a 3–1 win, with Wayne Rooney scoring twice and assisting a goal for Robin van Persie.


title: 2014–15 Manchester United F.C. season

text: The next game, only two days later, was a goalless draw away to Tottenham Hotspur. The result was the same against Stoke on New Year's Day, with Falcao's goal unable to win the game in a 1–1 draw. The following match, United ended their unbeaten streak with a home defeat to Southampton — the first time the Saints had won at Old Trafford in 27 years. Next week, United secured a 2–0 win against QPR at Loftus Road, with Marouane Fellaini and James Wilson scoring. On 31 January United beat Leicester City 3–1 at Old Trafford with goals from Van Persie and Falcao, thus gaining a measure of revenge for their early-season mauling at the King Power Stadium.


title: 2014–15 Manchester United F.C. season

text: United had to claw back a 1–1 draw at Upton Park against West Ham on February 8 thanks to an equaliser in stoppage time from Daley Blind. After this, United won 3–1 against Burnley at Old Trafford, with two goals in the first half from substitute Chris Smalling, and a late penalty from Van Persie, although the "Red Devils"' performance was far from their best. On 21 February, United suffered their first away defeat since November as Swansea did the double on the "Red Devils" for the first time in their history, winning 2–1, resulting in United dropping to fourth place. United got back to winning ways with a 2–0 home victory over Sunderland, which was followed by a 1–0 away victory against Newcastle United on 4 March, the winner coming from Ashley Young after a late defensive error from Newcastle.


title: 2014–15 Manchester United F.C. season

text: The following fixture, United secured a storming 3–0 home victory over Tottenham Hotspur to boost their chances of a top four finish. Their next game was against arch-rivals Liverpool at Anfield. United won the match courtesy of a brace from Juan Mata to secure the double over their rivals.


title: 2014–15 Manchester United F.C. season

text: After the international break, United's next opponents were league strugglers Aston Villa at Old Trafford on 4 April 2015. United won the match 3–1 with a brace from Ander Herrera and a goal from Wayne Rooney to move up to third in the Premier League table. On 12 April 2015, United claimed their first Manchester derby win since 2012 over neighbours Manchester City – a stunning 4–2 victory with goals from Young, Fellaini, Mata, and Smalling. United failed to extend their winning run, and suffered their first defeat in six games to league leaders Chelsea. United then suffered their second straight defeat the following week, in a 3–0 loss to Everton. This meant the "Red Devils" had failed to win at Goodison Park for the third season running.


title: 2014–15 Manchester United F.C. season

text: On 2 May 2015, Manchester United failed to bounce back as they suffered a 1–0 home defeat to West Bromwich Albion. It was the first time since 2001 that United lost three consecutive matches, meaning the "Red Devils" remained in fourth place. On 9 May 2015, United beat Crystal Palace 2–1 to end their losing run. In their penultimate game of the season on 17 May, United faced rivals Arsenal. The match ended in a 1–1 draw, ensuring the "Red Devils" would compete in the Champions League next season following a one-year absence. United's final match of the season against Hull City ended in a draw, relegating the Tigers, although they would have been relegated regardless of the result. Manchester United ended the season in fourth place – three places, and six points higher than the previous season.


title: 2014–15 Manchester United F.C. season

text: United entered the FA Cup at the Third Round stage with the other Premier League clubs, as well as those from the Championship. The draw was made on 8 December 2014, which saw United drawn away at Yeovil Town from League One. The match was played on 4 January 2015, with United winning 2–0 through second-half goals from Ander Herrera and Ángel Di María. United went on to face League Two side Cambridge United in the fourth round on 23 January 2015, but the match resulted in a goalless draw. The replay took place on 3 February at Old Trafford, with Manchester United winning 3–0, after goals from Juan Mata, Marcos Rojo and James Wilson. In the fifth round, United were drawn away to Preston North End, which they won 3–1. United had to come from behind after Scott Laird opened the scoring for Preston in the 47th minute. Ander Herrera levelled the game 18 minutes later, and Marouane Fellaini put United ahead in the 72nd minute. Near the end, Wayne Rooney scored a penalty to seal a place in the sixth round, in which United were drawn in a home match to holders Arsenal, which was played on 9 March 2015. United lost the match 2–1, resulting in the "Red Devils"' exit from the FA Cup.


title: 2014–15 Manchester United F.C. season

text: United entered the League Cup at the Second Round stage for the first time since 1995–96, the last season before teams that had qualified for European competitions were allowed to enter the competition in the Third Round instead of the Second Round. The draw took place on 13 August 2014, with United being drawn away to League One side Milton Keynes Dons. It was the first ever meeting between the clubs, since the formation of MK Dons in 2004. Manchester United were thrashed by their League One counterparts. Will Grigg scored twice to capitalise on defensive mistakes by the United back three, while substitute Benik Afobe added two further goals. It was United's earliest League Cup exit and first to a third-tier team since a 4–3 aggregate defeat to York City of the Second Division back in 1995.


title: Tiye

text: Tiye (c. 1398 BC – 1338 BC, also spelled Tye, Taia, Tiy and Tiyi) was the daughter of Yuya and Thuya. She became the Great Royal Wife of the Egyptian pharaoh Amenhotep III. She was the mother of Akhenaten and grandmother of Tutankhamun. In 2010, DNA analysis confirmed her as the mummy known as "The Elder Lady" found in the tomb of Amenhotep II (KV35) in 1898.


title: Tiye

text: Tiye's father, Yuya, was a non-royal, wealthy landowner from the Upper Egyptian town of Akhmim, where he served as a priest and superintendent of oxen or commander of the chariotry. Tiye's mother, Thuya, was involved in many religious cults, as her different titles attested ("Singer of Hathor", "Chief of the Entertainers" of both Amun and Min...), which suggests that she was a member of the royal family.


title: Tiye

text: Egyptologists have suggested that Tiye's father, Yuya, was of foreign origin due to the features of his mummy and the many different spellings of his name, which might imply it was a non-Egyptian name in origin. Some suggest that the queen's strong political and unconventional religious views might have been due not just to a strong character, but to foreign descent.


title: Tiye

text: Tiye also had a brother, Anen, who was Second Prophet of Amun. Ay, a successor of Tutankhamun as pharaoh after the latter's death, is believed to be yet another brother of Tiye, despite no clear date or monument confirming a link between the two. Egyptologists presume this connection from Ay's origins (also from Akhmin), because he is known to have built a chapel dedicated to the local god Min there, and because he inherited most of the titles that Tiye's father, Yuya, held at the court of Amenhotep III during his lifetime.


title: Tiye

text: Tiye was married to Amenhotep III by the second year of his reign. He had been born of a secondary wife of his father and needed a stronger tie to the royal lineage. Their marriage was celebrated by the issue of commemorative scarabs, announcing Tiye as Great Royal Wife and giving the names of her parents. He appears to have been crowned while still a child, perhaps between the ages of six and twelve. The couple had at least seven, and possibly more, children.


title: Tiye

text: Her husband devoted a number of shrines to her and constructed a temple dedicated to her in Sedeinga in Nubia where she was worshipped as a form of the goddess Hathor-Tefnut. He also had an artificial lake built for her in his Year 12. On the colossal statue now in the Egyptian Museum she is of equal height with her husband. As the American Egyptologists David O'Connor and Eric Cline note:


title: Tiye

text: Tiye wielded a great deal of power during both her husband's and son's reigns. Amenhotep III became a fine sportsman, a lover of outdoor life, and a great statesman. He often had to consider claims for Egypt's gold and requests for his royal daughters in marriage from foreign kings such as Tushratta of Mitanni and Kadashman-Enlil I of Babylon. The royal lineage was carried by the women of Ancient Egypt and marriage to one would have been a path to the throne for their progeny. Tiye became her husband's trusted adviser and confidant. Being wise, intelligent, strong, and fierce, she was able to gain the respect of foreign dignitaries. Foreign leaders were willing to deal directly with her. She continued to play an active role in foreign relations and was the first Egyptian queen to have her name recorded on official acts.


title: Tiye

text: Tiye may have continued to advise her son, Akhenaten, when he took the throne. Her son’s correspondence with Tushratta, the king of Mitanni, speaks highly of the political influence she wielded at court. In Amarna letter EA 26, Tushratta, corresponded directly with Tiye to reminisce about the good relations he enjoyed with her then deceased husband and extended his wish to continue on friendly terms with her son, Akhenaten.


title: Tiye

text: Amenhotep III died in Year 38 or Year 39 of his reign (1353 BC/1350 BC) and was buried in the Valley of the Kings in WV22; however, Tiye is known to have outlived him by as many as twelve years. Tiye continued to be mentioned in the Amarna letters and in inscriptions as queen and beloved of the king. Amarna letter EA 26, which is addressed to Tiye, dates to the reign of Akhenaten. She is known to have had a house at Akhetaten (Amarna), Akhenaten's new capital and is shown on the walls of the tomb of Huya – a "steward in the house of the king's mother, the great royal wife Tiyi" – depicted at a dinner table with Akhenaten, Nefertiti, and their family and then being escorted by the king to her "sunshade". In an inscription approximately dated to November 21 of Year 12 of Akhenaten's reign (1338 BC), both she and her granddaughter Meketaten are mentioned for the last time. They are thought to have died shortly after that date. This information is corroborated by the fact that the shrine which Akhenaten created for her—which was later found transported from Amarna to tomb KV55 in Thebes—bore the later form of the Aten's name which was only used after Akhenaten's Year 9.


title: Tiye

text: If Tiye died soon after Year 12 of Akhenaten's reign (1338 BC), this would place her birth around 1398 BC, her marriage to Amenhotep III at the age of eleven or twelve, and her becoming a widow at the age of forty-eight to forty-nine. Suggestions of a co-regency between Amenhotep III and his son Akhenaten lasting for up to twelve years continue, but most scholars today either accept a brief co-regency lasting no more than one year or no co-regency at all.


title: Tiye

text: Tiye is believed to have been originally buried in the Royal Tomb at Amarna alongside her son Akhenaten and granddaughter, Meketaten. Evidence shows the two northern pillars of the incomplete pillared hall were removed to accommodate a sarcophagus plinth and pieces of her smashed sarcophagus were found in and around the burial chamber. Analysis of the badly damaged decoration on the left wall beyond the plinth also indicates that Tiye was buried there. In a depiction that closely resembles the mourning of Meketaten in chamber γ, a figure stands beneath a floral canopy while the royal family grieves. The figure wears a queenly sash but cannot be Nefertiti as Nefertiti is shown with the mourners. Tiye's sarcophagus was likely contained within multiple nested shrines, like those of her grandson Tutankhamun. The inscription on a portion of such a shrine found in KV55 indicates that Akhenaten had the shrines made for his mother.


title: Tiye

text: Following the move of the capital back to Thebes, Tiye, along with others buried in the royal tomb, were transferred to the Valley of the Kings. The presence of pieces of one of her gilded burial shrines in KV55 indicate she was likely interred there for a time. Provisions had been made during the reign of her husband Amenhotep III for her burial within his tomb, WV22. Shabti figures belonging to her were found in this tomb.


title: Tiye

text: In 1898, three sets of mummified remains were found in a side chamber of the tomb of Amenhotep II in KV35 by Victor Loret. One was an older woman and the other two were a young boy who died at around the age of ten, thought to be Webensenu or Prince Thutmose, and a younger, unknown woman. The three were found lying naked side-by-side and unidentified. The mummy of the older woman, who would later be identified as Tiye, was referred to by Egyptologists as the 'Elder Lady' while the other woman was 'The Younger Lady'. Several researchers argued that the Elder Lady was Queen Tiye. There were other scholars who were skeptical of this theory, such as British scholars Aidan Dodson and Dyan Hilton, who once stated that "it seems very unlikely that her mummy could be the so-called 'Elder Lady' in the tomb of Amenhotep II."


title: Tiye

text: A nest of four miniature coffins inscribed with her name and containing a lock of hair was found in the tomb of her grandson Tutankhamun – perhaps a memento from a beloved grandmother. In 1976, microprobe analysis conducted on hair samples from the Elder Lady and the lock from the inscribed coffins found the two were a near perfect match, thereby identifying the Elder Lady as Tiye.


title: Tiye

text: In 1980, James Harris and Edward F. Wente conducted X-ray examinations of New Kingdom Pharaoh's crania and skeletal remains. They examined the mummified remains of Queen Tiye and noted she possessed a craniofacial profile which was most similar to Mesolithic Nubians.


title: Tiye

text: By 2010, DNA analysis, sponsored by the Secretary General of the Egyptian Supreme Council of Antiquities Zahi Hawass, was able to formally identify the Elder Lady as Queen Tiye. She was found to be about 40–50 years old at the time of her death, and tall.


title: Tiye

text: Her mummy has the inventory number CG 61070. In April 2021 her mummy was moved from the Museum of Egyptian Antiquities to National Museum of Egyptian Civilization along with those of 3 other queens and 18 kings in an event termed the Pharaohs' Golden Parade.


title: Duran Duran (1981 album)

text: Duran Duran is the debut studio album by the English new wave band Duran Duran, which was released on 15June 1981 by EMI. After signing a record contract, the band recorded the album at several London studios between December 1980 and January 1981, with production by Colin Thurston. Although the instrumental tracks were recorded quickly, singer Simon Le Bon initially struggled to sing in the studio; this led to discussions about replacing him before EMI employee Dave Ambrose intervened.


title: Duran Duran (1981 album)

text: The band were influenced at this time by a variety of artists, including David Bowie, the Human League, Ultravox, Roxy Music, Japan and Chic. "Duran Duran" has a mixture of synthesiser-led pop tunes and more atmospheric experimental tracks; some also have elements of disco, punk and dance music. Le Bon's cryptic lyrics cover a variety of topics, from youthful torment and confusion to the band's goals and ambitions. The cover artwork for the album and singles was designed by Malcolm Garrett, who would do so for the next five years.


title: Duran Duran (1981 album)

text: "Duran Duran" initially received mixed reviews. Critics felt that the band did not stand out from their contemporaries, although some praised the singles. EMI released three from the album: "Planet Earth", "Careless Memories" and "Girls on Film". Each single was promoted with music videos, which helped the album reach number three in the UK and remain in the top 100 there for 118 weeks. The sexually-provocative video for "Girls on Film" was controversial, and generated publicity for the new MTV channel in the United States. Despite the album's commercial success in the UK, its initial US release on Capitol subsidiary Harvest Records was unsuccessful; a reissue there during the height of the band's fame in 1983, however, reached the top ten of the "Billboard" chart.


title: Duran Duran (1981 album)

text: Retrospective reviews for "Duran Duran" have been more positive, with critics complimenting the band for creating a modern sound which spearheaded the New Romantic movement; "Rolling Stone" called the album a classic in 2021. It was remastered and re-released in a 2010 special edition, with bonus demo and live tracks. The remaster was criticised by fans as a victim of the loudness war.


title: Duran Duran (1981 album)

text: Childhood friends John Taylor and Nick Rhodes formed Duran Duran in Birmingham, England, in 1978 with Taylor's art-school friend Stephen Duffy. The trio, which began with Taylor on guitar and vocals, Rhodes on synthesisers and Duffy on vocals and bass, was influenced by David Bowie, the Human League, Ultravox, Lou Reed and Kraftwerk. On 21October 1978, they named the band after Dr. Durand Durand (Milo O'Shea's character in the 1968 science-fiction film "Barbarella") the day after the film's broadcast on BBC1. The trio made their first recordings above Rhodes' mother's toy shop in Birmingham, and played their first gig on 5April 1979 at Birmingham Polytechnic. The band played several gigs that year as their lineup changed with the departure of Duffy and the addition of singer Andy Wickett and drummer Roger Taylor. Duran Duran then recorded demo tapes at Bob Lamb's studio in Birmingham, one of which included an early version of "Girls on Film" written mostly by Wickett. John Taylor and Rhodes showed the demos to a number of record companies, who unanimously turned them down. The year ended with Wickett's departure and the arrival of guitarist Alan Curtis.


title: Duran Duran (1981 album)

text: With Scent Organs' singer Jeff Thomas replacing Wickett, Duran Duran continued recording demos and playing live in early 1980. John Taylor and Rhodes, looking for a performance venue, submitted tapes to Birmingham's Rum Runner nightclub. After making the club one of the city's most popular venues for upcoming artists, owners Paul and Michael Berrow were interested in managing a local band. Paul recalled, "I'm not saying what they played me was great, but what it had, was an aesthetic." With the Berrows' support, Duran Duran became the Rum Runner's resident band and used the club to develop their sound; Rhodes became its primary DJ. Curtis and Thomas soon departed, and guitarist Andy Taylor was hired after answering an advertisement in "Melody Maker". Rhodes said about Andy, "We wanted someone who could play atmospheric stuff like Pink Floyd's [David] Gilmour, who had the power of Mick Ronson and was funky like Carlos Alomar."


title: Duran Duran (1981 album)

text: Duran Duran continued rehearsing without a lead singer until drama student Simon Le Bon was hired through an ex-girlfriend who worked at the Rum Runner in May 1980. Le Bon struggled to sing at first (later calling himself a "god-awful singer" at the time) and did not fit the band's desire for a singer who, according to Rhodes, "was a cross between Lou Reed and Iggy Pop and David Bowie mashed into one". The band were impressed with Le Bon's skill with melodies, however, and he had written poems and stories during his childhood; he composed the lyrics and vocal line for "Sound of Thunder" during his first audition. Andy Taylor told a journalist, "Simon came in with this book of poetry and kept coming up with these ideas and melodies. We were like, 'This guy doesn't even know what his potential is.' There was an innocence to it all." Duran Duran's first performance with the lineup of Le Bon, Rhodes and the three Taylors was on 16July 1980 at the Rum Runner.


title: Duran Duran (1981 album)

text: Shortly after their live debut, Duran Duran spent two months writing songs and developing their sound with occasional live performances. According to biographer Steve Malins, John Taylor was an integral part of the group during this period: "the sensitive, charming, ad-libbing pop star to Rhodes's more controlled Pop Art alter ego." Rhodes worked creatively with Andy Taylor, who gave him the opportunity to be the "ideas man" and played around Rhodes's patterns; this solidified the melodies. Malins writes that Andy's skill as an arranger assisted in forming the band's "rough, undisciplined mixture[s]" of punk, disco and electronic styles into tight, cohesive structures; Roger Taylor's "compact, unshakable drumming" provided a backbone for the group.


title: Duran Duran (1981 album)

text: John Taylor writes in his memoir, "In the Pleasure Groove", that grooves, chord progressions and melodies were primarily derived from jam sessions. The band had debuted songs such as "Night Boat", "Late Bar", "Girls on Film", "Sound of Thunder" and an early version of "Tel Aviv" during their first live show before further developing them. Andy later said, "In the beginning that worked because as we wrote the songs we'd all be pitching in and experimenting." John recalls that "Night Boat", in particular, arose from a "drifting keyboard sample" by Rhodes with Andy Taylor's Roland guitar synthesiser. Le Bon was a quick writer, coming up with the lyrics to "Girls on Film" after receiving the first version. Andy said about Le Bon, "there are very few people on this planet ever who have written so many beautiful melodies as that man has." During the writing period, Duran Duran agreed to credit all songs to the band and split all earnings evenly; John credits this as the reason for the band's longevity.


title: Duran Duran (1981 album)

text: By the end of summer 1980, Duran Duran had written all of what would become their first studio album. They continued recording demos at Lamb's studio before going to London's 24-track AIR Studios in late summer to tape demos of "Girls on Film" (with Michael Berrow on saxophone) and "Tel Aviv"; these differed from the released versions. In September and October, the band continued performing live while Paul Berrow worked on attracting record-label attention. London agent Rob Hallett booked performances at well-known venues in the city, including the Marquee Club and the Lyceum Theatre, opening for Pauline Murray. Berrow secured Duran Duran an article by "Sounds" magazine's Betty Page, who aligned them with the rising New Romantic movement and drew comparisons with the London-based new wave band Spandau Ballet. They supported Hazel O'Connor on a tour from 18 November to 6 December 1980, during which the band's provocative clothing sparked a backlash from audiences. With Duran Duran's performances finally attracting attention, the Berrows arranged for record-label executives to meet with the band. After a bidding war between EMI and Phonogram Records in which Phonogram offered more money, Duran Duran signed with EMI due to the label's stature in the industry.


title: Duran Duran (1981 album)

text: The band recorded their debut album over a six week period beginning in December 1980. EMI's new A&R director, Dave Ambrose, recommended Colin Thurston as producer. Since Thurston had co-engineered Bowie and Iggy Pop's 1977 Berlin-era albums ("Low", ""Heroes"", "The Idiot" and "Lust for Life") and produced Bow Wow Wow, the Human League ("Reproduction") and Magazine ("Secondhand Daylight"), the band knew that he was the right choice; Thurston was happy to work with Duran Duran after hearing the demo of "Girls on Film". John later said, "Colin was absolutely the right producer for us. He knew how to take what was best about us and magnify it, and boy, did he take our sound to another level." Thurston initially booked a month at London's Abbey Road Studios, but initial work was insufficient; recording moved to West London's Red Bus Studios, a favourite of his. "Planet Earth" was chosen as the debut single with "Late Bar" its B-side, so the single was tracked first and sent to pressing plants before the remaining tracks.


title: Duran Duran (1981 album)

text: Recording began at a brisk pace, with all the rhythm tracks completed within two weeks. In his memoir, John Taylor identifies "Careless Memories", "Night Boat", "Anyone Out There", "To the Shore", "Faster than Light", "Tel Aviv" and what would become "Khanada" as recorded at Red Bus. Thurston gave each member individual attention with, according to John, "no preferential treatment". Andy Taylor later called him the band's best producer, who played a pivotal role in establishing the band's early sound: "This is where Duran Duran came to life. Colin was the filter that allowed us to come together as a whole." Rhodes became enthusiastic about music production, observing Thurston behind the mixing desk while the producer gave him insight into his methods. The band returned to Birmingham for a Christmas Eve show at the Cedar Club, after which Andy Taylor and Rhodes travelled back to London to mix "Planet Earth" with Thurston on Boxing Day at Utopia Studio. In addition to the album version, the band recorded an extended version of "Planet Earth" for use in nightclubs. The "night version" featured a longer middle section and a four-on-the-floor bass drum-driven intro, with additional percussion by Roger and slap bass by John. The "Gosport Horns" (Andy Hamilton on sax and Spike Edney on trombone) added, in John's words, "bluster and funk".


title: Duran Duran (1981 album)

text: The sessions continued in January 1981 at Chipping Norton Recording Studios in Oxfordshire to record the guitar parts, keyboard overdubs and vocal tracks. The music was recorded quickly but the vocal tracks proved difficult, primarily due to Le Bon's inexperience; he initially struggled to sing in the studio due to the difference between singing live and singing into a microphone while wearing headphones. Andy later said, "Colin ... was a nice man, but he could be a bit pedantic. He was very rough on Simon and kept asking him to redo things." With the label adamant about recording at a frantic pace, Le Bon felt great pressure (particularly when EMI executives arrived to check on progress). The Berrows were initially concerned that they would have to replace Le Bon before Ambrose intervened, telling the singer: "You know it's your first album and everyone has got to find their feet. If you've never done it before you just have to take your time – and don't forget, it's all about the songs." Paul Berrow told Le Bon during a Rum Runner band meeting to stop drinking and smoking or he would be kicked out, and the singer obliged. Recording was finished after the band's first national tour.


title: Duran Duran (1981 album)

text: The songs on "Duran Duran" present the band's wide range of influences, including Bowie, Ultravox, Roxy Music, Japan, Giorgio Moroder and Chic, for an album with a mixture of synthesiser-led pop tunes and more atmospheric experimental tracks. Andy Taylor later said, "We wrote the first album to kind of make up what we were going to be, what this futuristic sound was." Writer Annie Zaleski describes this sound as "space-age keyboards, post-punk guitars, disco-inspired bass lines and Le Bon's vocal croon." Malins finds the album "full of melodic, dance-floor synthesizer pop delivered with youthful flair and the odd arty twist", at times similar to the "disco-rock" of Blondie's "Call Me" and Japan's "Quiet Life" (1979). "Billboard" magazine noted its dance rhythms against a pervading "rock disco mix". Punk elements are present on "Planet Earth" and "Careless Memories".


title: Duran Duran (1981 album)

text: Zaleski highlights the cohesive-yet-contrasting musical styles of Andy's guitars and Rhodes's synthesisers. Playing in a number of cover bands before joining Duran Duran, Andy's primary influences were heavy blues rock bands which included AC/DC and Van Halen. He later said, "[Nick] would do Eno and I would do Jeff Beck or Jimmy Page." John Taylor believes that Andy's influences were responsible for developing their sound and enabling them to break out in America. Malins notes that the album has no guitar solos; Andy contributes "melodic and punchy" work, particularly on "Girls on Film" and "Friends of Mine". In addition to their instruments, the band incorporated additional sounds into some tracks: the sound of Paul Berrow's Nikon camera opening "Girls on Film"; foghorns, humming motors and buoy bells on "Night Boat", and a string section conducted by Richard Myhill at AIR Studios on the instrumental "Tel Aviv".


title: Duran Duran (1981 album)

text: Le Bon's cryptic lyrics cover a variety of subjects, from youthful torment and confusion to the band's goals and ambitions. The sexually exploitative "Girls on Film" is a critique of modeling culture, and "Sound of Thunder" tells the story of a man who begins World War III. "Friends of Mine" social commentary includes a line celebrating the release of George Davis, an armed robber who was the subject of a cause célèbre. "Planet Earth" briefly acknowledges the band's association with the New Romantic movement, which Rhodes later called a form of irony. According to music journalist Stephen Davis, some fans believed that the song (with lines such as "there's no sign of life") was about the arrival of aliens; Le Bon later said that it may have been about the moment a child is born. In his memoir, John Taylor called "Planet Earth" "a celebration of youth, of the possibility of youth, about feeling good to be alive". Lost love and angst are explored on "Anyone Out There" and "Night Boat", respectively; "To the Shore" is a power ballad filled with, according to Davis, lyrical neologisms such as "gorging your sanhedralites". Le Bon shouts at one point during "Careless Memories". In his book, "Please Please Tell Me Now", Davis writes: "the fear of whispers and unwanted thoughts gives depth to the anxious lyrics, and Simon Le Bon sounds harsh and bitter notes that wouldn't be heard from this band again for a long time."


title: Duran Duran (1981 album)

text: "Planet Earth", backed with "Late Bar", was released as the group's debut single on 2February 1981. Its artwork was designed by Malcolm Garrett, who would design the band's album covers, singles and memorabilia for the next five years. The single received mixed reviews and, to the band's dismay, missed the top ten on the UK Singles Chart (peaking at number 12). However, its chart position earned them an appearance on BBC's "Top of the Pops". According to Malins, their "dandified [and] overdressed" appearance secured their place in the New Romantic movement in the minds of adolescents. The band promoted "Planet Earth" with a music video directed by Russell Mulcahy. Showcasing the band's unique fashion choices, the video helped "Planet Earth" top the charts in Australia and Portugal; the single also sold well in Sweden. John Taylor was initially hesitant about the music-video format: "I didn't really get it, it was certainly at odds with the whole punk ethic". Capitol Records, the band's American label, released "Planet Earth" (backed with "To the Shore") in the US on its Harvest Records subsidiary; due to a lack of promotion, the single failed to chart.


title: Duran Duran (1981 album)

text: As "Planet Earth" charted in the UK, Duran Duran launched a media campaign of interviews and photo shoots with "Smash Hits", "Mates" and "Patches" magazines; articles on the band also appeared in "The Face", "i-D" and "New Sounds, New Styles". EMI released the band's second single, "Careless Memories" (backed with "Khanada"), on 7" vinyl on 20April 1981; a 12" vinyl edition included a cover of David Bowie's "Fame". The single stalled at number 37 after three weeks. Ambrose later called it was a mistake: "I think in a way it was the marketing people's fear that the band was getting too commercial too fast. [...] 'Careless Memories' didn't get any airplay, which was a bit scary. It didn't lock in." To promote the single, the band appeared on the cover of "Smash Hits" for the first time; magazine reviewer Mark Ellen, however, was unimpressed. Its music video, directed by Perry Haines and Terry Jones, was later called "the worst video we've ever made" by Rhodes; Malins described it as "a folly of New Romantic pretension".


title: Duran Duran (1981 album)

text: EMI released "Duran Duran" on 15June 1981, with its cover photograph by Fin Costello. According to John Taylor, the band disliked the chosen photo but approved of Garrett's design. On 29June, Duran Duran began their 11-date "Faster than Light" tour at the Brighton Dome. Taylor said that the band were greeted by "screaming, screeching kids stretching out for a touch of us", which greatly surprised them. Although the shows did not sell out, Le Bon said that their headbands inspired a short-lived "national fashion". Two days after the tour ended on 13 July, "Girls on Film" (backed with "Faster than Light") was released as the third single. Reaching the UK top five and receiving substantial airplay on Radio 1, Malins writes that the single made Duran Duran one of the biggest new bands of 1981. According to Andy Taylor, the band knew that "Girls on Film" would be a bigger hit than "Planet Earth" but wanted to wait until they were established to release it.


title: Duran Duran (1981 album)

text: The single helped "Duran Duran" peak at number three in the UK and spend 118 weeks on the chart, going platinum by December 1982 and selling 1.6 million copies worldwide. The album topped the chart in Portugal, reached number two in New Zealand, number three in Sweden and number nine in Australia. It was released later in the US, since Capitol wanted to see how it performed in Europe and Australia. Released in late June on Harvest, the single replaced "To the Shore" with the "night version" of "Planet Earth" and was unsuccessful. EMI released a four-track, 12" EP entitled "Nite Romantics" in Japan, which featured the "night versions" of "Planet Earth" and "Girls on Film".


title: Duran Duran (1981 album)

text: The music video for "Girls on Film", directed by Godley & Creme and filmed in August 1981, featured several semi-nude women performing sexually-suggestive acts in what Roy Shuker describes as "soft porn". Paul Berrow said that the video was made "strategically" for the American audience, who believed that Duran Duran were a "gay band". Ambrose said, "It was very provocative, the first semi-pornographic long-form video which really shook everyone up in the clubs. And that's what started to break [the band] in America." The American channel MTV, which premiered two weeks before the video was filmed, initially appeared in only three states and repeatedly screened the video. MTV co-founder John Sykes found it an effective way to generate publicity for the fledgling channel: "[It] was something that could never be played on broadcast networks, but we could play it on MTV. So it brought a lot of people over to cable and MTV, to not only discover the cool new bands but also this art form that was not yet ready for prime-time television." It was banned by the BBC in England; a heavily-edited "day version" was made for airing on MTV, and the band capitalised on the controversy.


title: Duran Duran (1981 album)

text: "Duran Duran" initially received mixed reviews. After enjoying the band's first two singles, the "NME" Chris Bohn was unimpressed with what he considered "a sensibly-packaged, respectively safe and self-consciously worthy record that belies the promised glamour of their two earlier singles." Bohn wrote that the group lacked the skills needed to separate themselves from other New Romantic artists (such as Depeche Mode), mimicking Ultravox in composing disco-rock songs embellished by synthesisers and guitars. Praising "Friends of Mine", he concluded that Duran Duran "collapse through their weighty lifelessness" partly attributed to Thurston's "lacklustre" production which "reduces stridently colourful highlights to fit the densely homogeneous whole." In "Melody Maker", Steve Sutherland wrote that the album worked better as background music and is "actively better "not" to listen to". Sutherland called the band "painlessly pointless, bouncy, bright and brilliant". Simon Tebbutt of "Record Mirror" was interested in the "stylish and sophisticated dance beats" paired with the "youthful edge" of the lyrics: "these new sound waves are light and poppy without being superficial and worthy of serious consideration without overblown pretension." "Sounds" magazine called "Duran Duran" an "incredible, mature debut bristling with prospective hit singles".


title: Duran Duran (1981 album)

text: In the US, "Billboard" magazine noted the album's dance rhythms; its rock-disco mix was complemented by the production and "explosive hooks". The reviewer grouped Duran Duran with Spandau Ballet and "similar acts in that genre". In "Trouser Press", Ira Robbins wrote that the album "contains more creative and diverse noises and thoughts than all the real and would-be Spandau Ballets put together"; as a band, however, Duran Duran was stylistically inferior to other bands in the genre. The band were also viewed in a mixed light by their musical peers. Gary Numan voiced his support, but Ultravox's Midge Ure was an outspoken critic; Martyn Ware, founder of the Human League and Heaven 17, saw Duran Duran as a "glamour puss band" who had "no sense of originality or art about them".


title: Duran Duran (1981 album)

text: Retrospective reviews of "Duran Duran" have been more positive. Twenty years after its release, Courtney Taylor-Taylor of the Dandy Warhols said: "If you go back to the first record, they smoked everybody. It's incredible! Disco bass-lines, Japan textures and mixed by the guy who did the Iggy Pop records." For AllMusic, Eduardo Rivadavia wrote that the album "artfully coalesced the sonic and stylistic elements of the burgeoning new romantic movement they were soon to spearhead". He called the band's choice of singles "ultra-smart" and, combined with their "groundbreaking" music videos, "Duran Duran" secured the band as frontrunners of the MTV generation"cementing their status as one of the decade's most successful pop music icons". In a 40th-anniversary retrospective, Zaleski described the album as "art-school unorthodoxy meets pop futurism" which still feels modern and called it the work of a "glamorous and modern young band". In a 2021 article discussing the band's contemporary album "Future Past", "Rolling Stone" called their debut album a "classic" which introduced "a radical new style of art-glam punk-disco swagger".


title: Duran Duran (1981 album)

text: During the height of the band's fame after the release of their second album, "Rio", Capitol Records reissued "Duran Duran" in the US in late April 1983 and added "Is There Something I Should Know?" (the band's current single) to the track listing. This release reached the top ten of "Billboard" Top LPs & Tape chart in August 1983, a few weeks after "Is There Something I Should Know?" reached number four, and reached number 24 on the "Billboard" Rock Albums chart. The band were successful throughout the year; by the time Duran Duran released their third album ("Seven and the Ragged Tiger") in late 1983, "Duran Duran" and "Rio" were still high on the charts.


title: Duran Duran (1981 album)

text: The album also featured updated cover art designed by Garrett, using the newer "double D" band logo featured on the "Seven and the Ragged Tiger" cover and "Is There Something I Should Know?" single. The new image positioned each band member equally close to the camera and depicted their varied looks, from tanned adventurers to rouged androgynes. This reflected the band's teen-focused marketing, which promoted the image and personality of its individual members: "everyone is someone's favourite".


title: Duran Duran (1981 album)

text: "Duran Duran" was reissued in a special edition on 29March 2010, with remastered audio engineered by Andrew Walter at Abbey Road Studios. It contained the original album and a number of bonus tracks, including the band's AIR Studio and Manchester Square studio demos recorded on 29July 1980 and 8December 1980 respectively. The special edition also included a BBC radio session, recorded on 19June 1981, and a DVD with BBC footage and the band's music videos from the era. The remastering had a negative reaction from fans as a victim of the loudness war. Listeners particularly cited "Girls on Film" as containing a defect which is not present in any other mastering of the song. Andy Taylor (who had left the band) criticised the remaster, saying that it "sounds like it was done down the pub" and condemning EMI for promoting the demos as bonus tracks: "they should be gifting them to fans after 30 years of support...shame on all involved". EMI acknowledged the defect at the beginning of "Girls on Film" (calling it a result of master-tape deterioration), but refused to recall the reissue because complaints about its sound quality were "by far in the minority".


title: Marcus Dupree

text: Marcus L. Dupree (born May 22, 1964) is a former American football player. He was born and grew up in Philadelphia, Mississippi, where his playing in high school attracted national attention. A highly touted and sought-after college football recruit, he played at Oklahoma, where he was named Football News Freshman of the Year, second-team All-American and Big Eight Conference Newcomer of the Year. He left in the middle of his sophomore season and briefly attended the University of Southern Mississippi. Marcus played spring football for the Golden Eagles and finished college at the university.


title: Marcus Dupree

text: He joined the United States Football League the following season and signed with the New Orleans Breakers in 1984. He played for the Breakers for two seasons before a knee injury forced him to leave the game. He returned to professional football in 1990, playing in 15 games over two seasons for the Los Angeles Rams before being waived prior to the 1992 season.


title: Marcus Dupree

text: Dupree attended Philadelphia High School in Philadelphia, Mississippi, where he played for the Philadelphia Tornadoes high school football team from 1978 to 1981. He also competed in track & field, recording a 4.29 40-yard dash.


title: Marcus Dupree

text: As a freshman in 1978, he scored five touchdowns as wide receiver and seven more as a kickoff and punt returner, including a 75-yard kickoff return touchdown on his first play in high school.


title: Marcus Dupree

text: As a sophomore in 1979, he was switched to running back and rushed for 1,850 yards and scored 28 touchdowns. He also played on Philadelphia High's basketball team, which finished the year with a 33-4 record and reached the semifinals of the Mississippi state basketball tournament, and played first base and catcher for the baseball team, hitting for a .481 average.


title: Marcus Dupree

text: As a junior in 1980, he rushed for 2,550 yards and scored 34 touchdowns (25 rushing, 9 by kick return).


title: Marcus Dupree

text: As a senior in 1981, he rushed for 2,955 yards and scored 36 touchdowns. He finished his high school career with 7,355 rushing yards with an 8.3-yards-per-carry average. Dupree scored 87 touchdowns total during his playing time in high school, breaking the national high school record (set by Herschel Walker) by one. In 1981, Marcus's final high school football game was played on the Choctaw Indian Reservation's tribal high school's Warriors Stadium. Author Willie Morris described the audience at Dupree's final high school game as "the most distinctive crowds I had ever seen ... four thousand or so people seemed almost an equal of mix of whites, blacks, and Indians ... After Marcus scored his touchdown, Sid Salter saw Cecil Price Sr. (who was linked with the murders of Chaney, Goodman, and Schwerner in Philadelphia, Miss.) who was ... 'jumping up and down and cheering as hard as anyone ... ain't that a kick in the pants?' "


title: Marcus Dupree

text: Dupree was heavily recruited by the major college football programs, and during the final month of the recruiting period, his high school coach, Joe Wood, answered more than 100 phone calls a day from colleges. Oklahoma assistant coach Lucious Selmon spent six weeks in the Downtown Motor Inn in Philadelphia, and after Dupree verbally committed to Fred Akers and the Texas Longhorns while on his visit there, OU head coach Barry Switzer sent former Oklahoma Sooner and Heisman Trophy winner Billy Sims to the town by private plane to appeal to Dupree. On February 12, 1982, Dupree announced he would attend Oklahoma instead of the other finalists, Texas, UCLA, and Southern Miss.


title: Marcus Dupree

text: When Dupree arrived at the University of Oklahoma in 1982, head coach Barry Switzer said, "He was the best player on the field. Earl Campbell was the only other guy I ever saw who was like that—physically ready, as a true freshman, to be the best player on a great college team. Maybe even ready for the NFL at that age."


title: Marcus Dupree

text: After the first three games of the season, Dupree had just twelve carries for 20 yards and the Sooners' record was 1–2. For the fourth game Switzer abandoned his favored wishbone offense and made Dupree the tailback in the I formation to take advantage of his skills. Dupree scored his first college touchdown against Texas on a 63-yard fake reverse.


title: Marcus Dupree

text: On October 16, 1982, he ran for 158 yards against Kansas, including a 75-yard touchdown run. As a result, he was given the starting tailback position over Stanley Wilson and was named Big Eight Offensive Player of the Week. He made his first start against Oklahoma State and scored two touchdowns. Among all his other great runs, he also had a 77-yard punt return against Colorado, an 80-yard run against Kansas State, a 70-yard run against Missouri and an 86-yard run against Nebraska.


title: Marcus Dupree

text: Despite not starting until the seventh game of the season, Dupree finished with 1,144 yards rushing and 13 touchdowns. He was named second-team All-American, first-team all-Big Eight Conference and Big Eight Newcomer of the Year.


title: Marcus Dupree

text: On January 1, 1983, Dupree's freshman season ended with a 32-21 Fiesta Bowl loss against Arizona State. Coming back from Christmas break, he was out of shape and 10–15 pounds overweight, for which Switzer publicly criticized him. He had to leave the game several times, participating in only 34 offensive plays. Even with these setbacks, he still managed to run for a Fiesta Bowl record 249 yards, a record that still stands today. Switzer told Dupree, "If you'd have been in shape, you'd have rushed for 400 yards, and we'd have won the game."


title: Marcus Dupree

text: Dupree's much-anticipated sophomore season did not turn out as planned. He reported to campus late, missed the team photo and put on considerable weight. Although Switzer was known for running a loose ship, Dupree's lackadaisical attitude was too much for him, and he called Dupree "lazy." Hampered by injuries, Dupree gained 369 yards on 61 carries with three touchdowns while playing in four of the first five games of the season. After suffering a concussion in a loss against Texas, he vanished for a week. When he resurfaced in Mississippi, he announced he was leaving OU and transferring to the University of Southern Mississippi. Upon being informed that because of NCAA rules, he would have to sit out both the remainder of the 1983 season and the 1984 season, he left after three months.


title: Marcus Dupree

text: Dupree was signed by the New Orleans Breakers of the United States Football League in 1984. The upstart league had initially sworn off underclassmen in hopes of appeasing college coaches and officials angered by the blockbuster signing of Herschel Walker after his junior year. However, after a federal judge ruled that the eligibility rule violated antitrust law, the Breakers–who had just moved from Boston–quickly persuaded the New Jersey Generals to give up their territorial rights to Dupree (OU was among the Generals' territorial schools) in return for their first-round pick in the 1985 USFL Draft.


title: Marcus Dupree

text: He scored a touchdown on his first professional possession. Throughout the year, he was injured and often was on the bench watching Buford Jordan take his carries. He gained 684 yards on 145 carries with nine touchdowns for a 4.7 yards per carry average. He had two 100-yard rushing games. Breakers fans saw him as a local boy made good; the Superdome was packed with large crowds by USFL standards.


title: Marcus Dupree

text: The Breakers moved to Portland, Oregon for the 1985 season. Dupree was late arriving at Breakers' training camp in San Dimas, California that season, but performed well enough to earn a starting position for the season opener at Sun Devil Stadium against the Arizona Outlaws. He got off to a good start, rushing 69 yards on 17 carries with a touchdown. While he was carrying the ball early in the second half, he suffered a severe knee injury and was taken off on a stretcher.


title: Marcus Dupree

text: He had surgery on the knee and recuperated in Portland, celebrating his 21st birthday with friends and teammates. However, he would never play another down for the Breakers.


title: Marcus Dupree

text: After Dupree had been out of football for four years, he met with Walter Payton on some business ventures and Payton urged him to get back into shape to try out for the NFL again in 1990. Dupree agreed and began working out, losing 100 pounds in just over three months and going back to running a 4.3 40-yard dash. In October 1990, Dupree signed with the Los Angeles Rams, who had drafted him in 1986 in case he became fit again, after a five-and-a-half-year absence from the football field. In April that year, he asked his former USFL coach, Dick Coury, then the quarterbacks coach for the Rams, if he could work out for the team if he got into shape, and impressed Coury and head coach John Robinson enough to earn a contract. Dupree was placed on injured reserve, meaning he would have to sit out for four weeks before he could play for the Rams.


title: Marcus Dupree

text: During week nine of the 1990 season, Dupree made his first appearance and rushed for 22 yards on four carries, wearing number 34 in honor of Payton instead of his usual 22. He started his first game in week 16 and rushed for 42 yards on 13 carries. He finished his first NFL season with 72 yards on 19 carries, in three games played.


title: Marcus Dupree

text: In 1991, Dupree missed the first seven games due to a toe injury suffered in practice. Returning in week 8, he played more often and scored his only NFL touchdown that year. He finished the season with 179 yards on 49 carries with one touchdown, in eight games played.


title: Marcus Dupree

text: The San Francisco 49ers brought Dupree into training camp in 1992 to play fullback, a position he had never played.


title: Marcus Dupree

text: Before the 1992 season, Dupree led the Rams in rushing in the preseason, which included a 100-yard game in the final preseason game against the Los Angeles Raiders, but was one of the 14 players cut by coach Chuck Knox to trim the team down to the 47-player regular-season roster, and he retired shortly afterward. Knox, who had replaced John Robinson earlier that year, had told Dupree and the press that Dupree was not versatile enough for his one-back offense. He said he preferred running backs who "were a little more well-rounded, could catch the ball coming out of the backfield and could do some of the other things besides run with the football."


title: Marcus Dupree

text: He finished his career with 251 yards on 68 carries during regular season play, for a 3.7 yards-per-carry average, rushing for one touchdown.


title: Marcus Dupree

text: After he was released by the Rams, Dupree performed as a professional wrestler for the USWA in 1995. He also ran a sports bar and worked as a casino-greeter for a short period of time.


title: Marcus Dupree

text: In 2011, Dupree was diagnosed with prostate cancer but recovered. Earlier in 2011, he was running a pro wrestling promotion organization, called Mid South Wrestling. Dupree is also a licensed truck driver with OTR experience.


title: BWF World Tour

text: The BWF World Tour is a Grade 2 badminton tournament series, sanctioned by Badminton World Federation (BWF). It is a competition open to the top world ranked players in singles (men's and women's) and doubles (men's, women's and mixed). The competition was announced on 19 March 2017 and came into effect starting from 2018, replacing the BWF Super Series, which was held from 2007 to 2017.