title: Mewar

text: The word "Mewar" is vernacular form of "Medapata" (IAST: Medapāṭa), the ancient name of the region. The earliest epigraph that mentions the word "Medapata" is a 996–997 CE (1053 VS) inscription discovered at Hathundi (Bijapur). The word "pata" or "pataka" refers to an administrative unit. According to the historian G. C. Raychaudhuri, Medapata was named after the Meda tribe, which has been mentioned in Varāhamihira's "Brihat-Samhita". The 1460 Kumbhalgarh inscription associates the Medas with Vardhana-giri (modern Badnor in Mewar region). Historian Sashi Bhusan Chaudhuri associates the ancient Medas with the modern Mer people.


title: Mewar

text: The 1285 CE (1342 VS) Mount Abu (Achaleshwar) inscription of the Guhila king Samarasimha provides the following etymology while describing the military conquests of his ancestor Bappa Rawal (Bappaka): "This country which was, in battle, totally submerged in the dripping fat ("medas" in Sanskrit) of wicked people by Bappaka bears the name of Śrī Medapāṭa." Historian Anil Chandra Banerjee dismisses this as a "poetic fancy", but acknowledges the 'terrible' battles fought between the Rajputs and the Arabs.


title: Mewar

text: The northern and eastern portions of Mewar are made up of an elevated plateau while the western and southern portions were rocky and hilly with dense forests. The watershed divide between drainage of the Bay of Bengal and drainage of the Gulf of Khambhat runs almost through the centre of Mewar. The northern and eastern part of Mewar is a gently sloping plain, drained by the Bedach and Banas River and its tributaries, which empty northwest into the Chambal River, a tributary of the Yamuna River. The southern and western part of the region is hilly, and marks the divide between the Banas and its tributaries and the headwaters of the Sabarmati and Mahi rivers and their tributaries, which drain south into the Gulf of Khambhat through Gujarat state. The Aravalli Range, which forms the northwestern boundary of the region, is composed mostly of sedimentary rocks, like marble and Kota Stone, which has traditionally been an important construction material.


title: Mewar

text: The region is part of the Khathiar-Gir dry deciduous forests' ecoregion. Protected areas include the Jaisamand Wildlife Sanctuary, the Kumbhalgarh Wildlife Sanctuary, the Bassi Wildlife Sanctuary, the Gandhi Sagar Sanctuary and the Sita Mata Wildlife Sanctuary.


title: Mewar

text: Mewar has a tropical climate. Rainfall averages 660 mm/year, and is generally higher in the southwest and lower in the northeast of the region. Over 90% of the rain typically falls in the period of June to September every year, during the southwest monsoon.


title: Renault Zoe

text: The Renault Zoe (stylized as ZOE and pronounced as "Zoey"), known as Renault Zoe E-Tech Electric since 2021, is a five-door supermini electric car produced by the French manufacturer Renault. Renault originally unveiled, under the Zoe name, a number of different concept cars. Initially in 2005 as the Zoe City Car and later as the Zoe Z.E. electric concept was shown in two different versions in 2009 and 2010 under the Renault Z.E. name. A production ready version of the Zoe was shown at the 2012 Geneva Motor Show.


title: Renault Zoe

text: Retail customer deliveries began in France in December 2012, followed in 2013 by several European countries. Since 2013, the Zoe has been the all-time top selling all-electric car in the French market, with more than 100,000 units registered through June 2020. The Zoe was the top selling all-electric car in Europe for two years running, 2015 and 2016, and also topped European sales in the broader plug-in electric car segment in 2016 and 2020. As of 2020, the Zoe ranks as Europe's all-time best selling plug-in electric car. , global sales totaled almost 285,000 units since inception.


title: Renault Zoe

text: The first production Zoe had a 22 kWh lithium-ion battery pack that delivers a range between and under the NEDC cycle. In September 2016, Renault announced the introduction of new higher range model with a 41 kWh lithium-ion battery, increasing the range to under the NEDC cycle. In mid 2018 a new model with increased motor power of , was announced as the ZE 40 R110. In mid 2019, the ZE 50 R135 was announced, with a 55 kWh battery pack (52 usable) and motor, and CCS charging; the final production-ready model was shown at the Frankfurt Motor Show and deliveries started in January 2020.


title: Renault Zoe

text: The Renault Zoe City Car concept (or Z17) was shown at the 2005 Geneva Motor Show featuring 3 seats, the 3.45 m long open top vehicle was proposed as an urban focused car. This Zoe had no connection with the later electric Zoe concept to follow four years later.


title: Renault Zoe

text: The Renault Zoe Concept was shown to the public in 2009 at the Frankfurt Motor Show to show the company's vision for a Clio sized electric car. It was powered by a electric motor (mounted at the front) and lithium-ion batteries (under the seats). It was estimated it would have a range of and a top speed of , and could be charged at a conventional 230 V socket, or fast-charged from a high-voltage supply to 80 percent in only 20 minutes. A third innovative option was to swap the batteries for a new pack at a Renault Quickdrop centre. The vehicle was designed by Raphaël Linari.


title: Renault Zoe

text: The design was tear-drop shaped featuring a see-through roof features solar panels which run the air-conditioning system and gull-wing doors. A new climate control system was also shown, developed with L'Oréal, which could spray essential oils into the interior to cut out harmful exterior smells, or rehydrate the interior to prevent skin drying out.


title: Renault Zoe

text: The Zoe Preview, a substantially revised version of the Zoe concept, was shown to the public at the 2010 Paris Motor Show, and was claimed to be a near-definitive representation (90% showroom ready) of the final version of the car. Many of the existing design features of the 2009 concept model were discarded such as the gull-wing doors.


title: Renault Zoe

text: The technical specifications had changed from the 2009 version with the power of the electric motor reduced to , a reduced top speed of , but still with a range. It was suggested that the Zoe ZE would be priced from €15,000.


title: Renault Zoe

text: The Zoe E-sport is a hot hatch electric car concept unveiled at the 2017 Geneva Motor Show. It has an all-wheel drive design with two electric motors, each one powering an axle. The combined power from both is and the torque . The lithium-ion battery package weighs and is on the rear. The car, weighing , has a carbon fibre chassis, racing brakes and equipment, and a double wishbone suspension on both axles.


title: Renault Zoe

text: The production version of the Zoe was announced in March 2012 at the Geneva Motor Show. Similar to the Zoe Preview of 2010 and the design credited to Jean Semeriva, it is a five-door supermini at 4080 mm long, a little longer than the Renault Clio. Retail customer deliveries began in limited number in France in December 2012, and Renault planned to increase availability during the first quarter of 2013. The first Zoe was delivered to Arnaud Montebourg, French Minister of Industrial Recovery. The Zoe is produced at Flins on the same assembly line as the Renault Clio and Nissan Micra. About 170 Zoes are made per day.


title: Renault Zoe

text: In France the Zoe pricing starts at () before applying the existing () tax incentive, plus a monthly fee for the battery. The cost of leasing the battery for 36 months starts from /month (/month) for an annual distance travelled of and includes comprehensive breakdown assistance.


title: Renault Zoe

text: The Zoes produced until June 2015 are powered by a 22 kWh lithium-ion battery pack weighing 275 kg, driving a synchronous electric motor supplied by Continental and called the Q210, as the NEDC cycle range is . Maximum torque is 220 N·m (162 lb-ft) with a top speed of . Renault estimates that in suburban use, the Zoe can achieve around in cold weather and in temperate conditions. The car features a charging system called "Caméléon" (Chameleon) charger that allows the Zoe to be charged at any level of AC power up to 43 kW (63A), taking between 30 minutes and nine hours. The particular type of grid system in parts of Norway with a different potential for the protective ground requires a special charger, which is included with all Zoes in Norway from summer 2015.


title: Renault Zoe

text: In June 2015, Renault announced the introduction of a new, smaller electric motor called the R240, manufactured at its Cléon engine plant. The new motor has the same power and torque as the Q210 unit with an extended NEDC cycle range of . However, the Q210 would still be available as the R240 allowed only 22 kW quick charging.


title: Renault Zoe

text: In October 2016 at the Paris Motor Show, Renault unveiled a 41 kWh lithium-ion battery called the ZE 40, weighing . The battery was developed by Renault and LG Chem, and is assembled at Renault's Flins plant. It is mounted on Zoes using the R75/90 motor (formerly R240, the name now making reference to the motor power output range between and ) and increases the car range to under NEDC and allows quick charging. The Q210 would still be available, renamed as Q90. According to Renault, the battery delivers about on real driving conditions. Older Zoes using the battery would get a less significant range increase because of various design upgrades. Options to buy the battery would be available, along with revised lease plans.


title: Renault Zoe

text: In ZE 40 cars, available energy went up from about 22 kWh to 41 kWh, while the dimensions of the battery remained unchanged, with the weight increasing by only 15 kg (33 lbs) – from (5%). Physically, Renault still uses 192 3.5 volts lithium cells (LG Chem) in 12 modules (16 cells per module) configuration.


title: Renault Zoe

text: In June 2019 Renault announced a new Zoe with a 52 kWh battery, achieving range of under WLTP conditions. It comes with either an 80 kW R110 electric motor for the "Iconic" trim level, or a 100 kW R135 electric motor for the "S Edition" and "GT Line +" trim levels. It also comes with faster charging with the option of 50 kW DC capability via CCS2.


title: Renault Zoe

text: In France, pricing of the Zoe with the 41 kWh battery starts at (~ ) before any applicable government incentives ( or ), and without the purchase of the battery. The rental fee for the battery is (~ ) per month for up to per year and (~ ) per month for unlimited mileage. In Norway, pricing starts at 229,400 kroner (~ ), and the pricing of the variant with the original 22 kWh battery starts at 40,000 kroner (~ ) less than the 41 kWh variant. The small battery can be upgraded to the newer one, at a cost of around 3500 Euros for rented batteries.


title: Renault Zoe

text: In the UK, it has been possible to buy the Zoe with the battery, or lease the battery. Leasing the battery gives a free replacement if capacity falls under 80%.


title: Renault Zoe

text: The 2015 R240 version removed the 43 kW AC charging capability, in exchange for better efficiency of low power home charging. The 2017 facelift still allowed for a Q90 rapid charge option (full-speed 43 kW rapid charging). A full charge at 22 kW speed will take two hours and 40 minutes, with 80% of the range recovered in an hour and 40 minutes. The Q90, by comparison, takes 65 minutes to reach 80% capacity.


title: Renault Zoe

text: In February 2018, Renault introduced an updated version of the R90 motor, the R110, which upped power output to while maintaining the same estimated economy and similar torque (). The R90 would still be available for sale. The price for cars equipped with the new motor would be slightly higher than those using the R90 version. The R110 will be the first Renault motor certified under WLTP and sales would start by the end of the 2018 summer in Europe.


title: Renault Zoe

text: In 2021, the updated Zoe in its standard European configuration received a zero-star safety rating, becoming the third car in Euro NCAP's history to record a zero-star rating. The score was:


title: Renault Zoe

text: Retail customer deliveries began in limited numbers in France in December 2012, and availability was increased during the first quarter of 2013. A total of 48 units were registered in France during December 2012, and cumulative sales reached 5,559 units through December 2013. The Zoe became the top selling all-electric vehicle in the country in January 2013, and kept the monthly lead through December 2013, representing 62.8% of electric car sales in the country during 2013. In addition, the Zoe became the best selling electric car in France accounting for registrations in the electric passenger car segment since 2010 through December 2013.


title: Renault Zoe

text: Deliveries in the UK began in March 2013, and Germany, Italy and Spain in April 2013. Cumulative global sales totaled 8,874 units through December 2013. Out of 8,792 cars sold in Europe through December 2013, 62.7% were sold in France (5,511). Germany was the second top selling market, with 1,019 units delivered through December 2013, followed by the Netherlands with 547 units registered.


title: Renault Zoe

text: The Renault Zoe was officially launched in the Norwegian market in April 2014, though retail deliveries began in late March. Unlike other European countries, the Zoe is sold in Norway with the battery pack included and there are no battery leasing options available. A total of 11,323 Zoes were sold globally in 2014. France continued as the top selling market with cumulative sales of 11,529 units, and the Zoe continued as the all-time best selling electric car in the country, with 5,970 units sold in 2014. Global sales reached the 10,000 unit mark in January 2014, and 25,000 in May 2015. The milestone of 50,000 units produced was reached in April 2016, while sales achieved the 50,000 unit milestone in June 2016.


title: Renault Zoe

text: With a record 10,406 units sold in 2015, the Zoe was again the top selling all-electric car in France, and continued as the best-selling electric car in the country ever. The Zoe, with 18,453 registrations, was the top selling pure electric car in Europe in 2015. The Zoe ranked as the world's 8th best-selling electric car in 2015. , France remained as the Zoe's top country market, with 27,155 units registered since its inception in 2012. Zoe sales in the French market represented 53% of global sales.


title: Renault Zoe

text: The Zoe ranked as the best-selling all-electric car in Europe for the second year in a row in 2016 with 21,735 units delivered, representing 21.2% of the segment sales that year. Also, the Zoe topped European sales in the broader plug-in electric car segment, ahead of the Mitsubishi Outlander P-HEV, the top selling plug-in in the previous two years. In 2016 the Zoe ranked again as the world's 8th best-selling electric car. , the Zoe ranked as the world's all-time eighth best selling plug-in car.


title: Renault Zoe

text: Global sales totaled 31,932 units in 2017 and 40,517 in 2018. Global sales reached the 150,000 unit milestone in June 2019, and the 200,000th Zoe produced rolled off the Flins plant in November 2019. Annual sales passed the 100,000 unit mark in 2020 for the first time, and the Zoe listed as the best selling plug-in passenger car in Europe in 2020, and by the end of 2020, the Zoe ranked as the all-time best selling plug-in car in Europe.


title: Renault Zoe

text: , the Zoe continued as France's all-time best selling plug-in with more than 100,000 units registered, and has led electric car sales in the French market for seven years running, from 2013 to 2019. Since inception, global sales totaled 284,761 units through December 2020 including both the passenger and cargo variants.


title: Manhattan, Kansas

text: Manhattan is a city and county seat of Riley County, Kansas, United States, although the city extends into Pottawatomie County. It is located in northeastern Kansas at the junction of the Kansas River and Big Blue River. As of the 2020 census, the population of the city was 54,100.


title: Manhattan, Kansas

text: The city was founded by settlers from the New England Emigrant Aid Company as a Free-State town in the 1850s, during the Bleeding Kansas era. Nicknamed "The Little Apple" as a play on New York City's "Big Apple", Manhattan is the home of Kansas State University and has a distinct college town atmosphere.


title: Manhattan, Kansas

text: Before settlement by European-Americans in the 1850s, the land around Manhattan was home to Native American tribes. From 1780 to 1830, it was home to the Kaw people, also known as the Kansa. The Kaw settlement was called Blue Earth Village (Manyinkatuhuudje), named after the river which the tribe had named the Great Blue Earth River, today known as the Big Blue River, which intersected with the Kansas River by their village. Blue Earth Village was the site of a large battle between the Kaw and the Pawnee in 1812.


title: Manhattan, Kansas

text: The Kaw tribe ceded ownership of this land in a treaty signed at the Shawnee Methodist Mission on January 14, 1846.


title: Manhattan, Kansas

text: The Kansas–Nebraska Act opened the territory to settlement by U.S. citizens in 1854. That fall, George S. Park founded the first Euro-American settlement within the borders of the current Manhattan. Park named it Polistra (some histories refer to it as Poliska or Poleska).


title: Manhattan, Kansas

text: Later that year, Samuel D. Houston and three other pioneers founded Canton, a neighboring community near the mouth of the Big Blue River. Neither Canton nor Polistra ever grew beyond their original founders.


title: Manhattan, Kansas

text: In March 1855, a group of New England Free-Staters traveled to Kansas Territory under the auspices of the New England Emigrant Aid Company to found a Free-State town. Led by Isaac Goodnow, the first members of the group (with the help of Samuel C. Pomeroy) selected the location of the Polistra and Canton claims for the Aid Company's new settlement. Soon after the New Englanders arrived at the site, in April 1855, they agreed to join Canton and Polistra to make one settlement named Boston. They were soon joined by dozens more New Englanders, including Goodnow's brother-in-law Joseph Denison.


title: Manhattan, Kansas

text: In June 1855, the paddle steamer "Hartford", carrying 75 settlers from Ohio, ran aground in the Kansas River near the settlement. The Ohio settlers, who were members of the Cincinnati-Manhattan Company, had been headed farther upstream to the headwaters of the Kansas River, the location today of Junction City. After realizing they were stranded, the "Hartford" passengers accepted an invitation to join the new town, but insisted that it be renamed Manhattan, which was done on June 29, 1855. Manhattan was incorporated on May 30, 1857.


title: Manhattan, Kansas

text: Early Manhattan settlers sometimes conflicted with Native Americans, and the town was threatened by pro-slavery Southerners. Manhattan was staunchly Free-State, and it elected the only two Free-State legislators to the first Territorial Legislature, commonly called the "Bogus Legislature". However, nearby Fort Riley protected the settlement from the major violence visited upon other Free-State towns during the "Bleeding Kansas" era. This allowed the town to develop relatively quickly. On January 30, 1858, Territorial Governor James W. Denver signed an act naming Manhattan as county seat for Riley County. Ten days later, on February 9, 1858, Governor Denver chartered a Methodist college in Manhattan, named Blue Mont Central College.


title: Manhattan, Kansas

text: The young city received another boost when gold was discovered in the Rocky Mountains in 1859 and Fifty-Niners began to stream through Manhattan on their way to prospect in the mountains. Manhattan was one of the last significant settlements on the route west, and the village's merchants did a brisk business selling supplies to miners. Manhattan's first newspaper, "The Kansas Express", began publishing on May 21, 1859.


title: Manhattan, Kansas

text: In 1861, when the State of Kansas entered the Union, Isaac Goodnow, who had been a teacher in Rhode Island, began lobbying the legislature to convert Manhattan's Blue Mont Central College into the state university. The culmination of these efforts came on February 16, 1863, when the Kansas legislature established Kansas State Agricultural College (now Kansas State University) in Manhattan. When the college began its first session on September 2, 1863, it was the first public college in Kansas, the nation's first land-grant institution created under the Morrill Act, and only the second public institution of higher learning to admit women and men equally in the United States.


title: Manhattan, Kansas

text: By the time the Kansas Pacific Railroad laid its tracks west through Manhattan in 1866, the 11-year-old settlement was permanently ensconced in the tallgrass prairie. Manhattan's population has grown every decade since its founding.


title: Manhattan, Kansas

text: In 2007, CNN and "Money" magazine rated Manhattan as one of the ten best places in America to retire young. In 2011, "Forbes" rated Manhattan No. 1 for "Best Small Communities for a Business and Career".


title: Manhattan, Kansas

text: Manhattan is located at coordinates 39.1836082, -96.5716694 in the scenic Flint Hills and Great Plains of the state of Kansas, or about west of Topeka on the Kansas River.


title: Manhattan, Kansas

text: According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has an area of , of which is land and is water.


title: Manhattan, Kansas

text: Manhattan is in the Flint Hills region of Kansas, which consists of continuous rolling hills covered in tall grasses. However, the downtown area – Manhattan's original site – was built on a broad, flat floodplain at the junction of the Kansas and Big Blue rivers. Manhattan is the largest town in the Flint Hills, and is home to the Flint Hills Discovery Center.


title: Manhattan, Kansas

text: Tuttle Creek Reservoir is north of Manhattan. The lake was formed when the Big Blue River was dammed for flood control in the 1960s, and it is now a state park that offers many recreational opportunities. South of the city is the Konza Prairie, a tallgrass prairie preserve owned by The Nature Conservancy and Kansas State University.


title: Manhattan, Kansas

text: Kansas is not known for earthquake activity, but Manhattan is near the Nemaha Ridge, a long structure bounded by several faults, and which is still active. In particular, the Humboldt Fault Zone lies just eastward of Tuttle Creek Reservoir.


title: Manhattan, Kansas

text: On April 24, 1867, the 1867 Manhattan earthquake struck Riley County. Measuring 5.1 on the Richter magnitude scale, the earthquake's epicenter was by Manhattan. It remains the strongest earthquake to originate in Kansas, at an intensity of VII ("Very strong") on the Mercalli intensity scale, and felt across roughly . It caused largely minor damage, reports of which were confined to Kansas, Iowa, and Missouri, according to the United States Geological Survey.


title: Manhattan, Kansas

text: Although Kansas is not seismically active, a strong earthquake could pose significant threats to the state. If an earthquake had occurred along the Nemaha Ridge prior to 2010, it could have destroyed the dam on Tuttle Creek Reservoir, releasing of water per second and flooding the nearby area, threatening roughly 13,000 people and 5,900 homes. A study in the 1980s found a moderate earthquake "between 5.7 to 6.6 would cause sand underneath the dam to liquefy into quicksand, causing the dam to spread out and the top to drop up to three feet." To address this threat, the Army Corps of Engineers completed a project in July 2010 that replaced the sand with more than 350 concrete walls and equipped the dam with sensors. Alarms are connected to these sensors, which would alert nearby citizens to the earthquake.


title: Manhattan, Kansas

text: Manhattan has a humid continental climate (Köppen "Dfa"), typically experiencing hot, humid summers and cold, dry winters. The monthly daily average temperature ranges from in January to in July. The high temperature reaches or exceeds an average of 58 days a year and an average of 10 days. The minimum temperature falls to or below on an average 5.3 days a year. Extreme temperatures range from on August 13, 1936, down to on February 12, 1899.


title: Manhattan, Kansas

text: On average, Manhattan receives of precipitation annually, a majority of which occurs from May to August, and records 102 days of measurable precipitation. Measurable snowfall occurs an average of 9.6 days per year with 6.1 days receiving at least . Snow depth of at least one inch occurs an average of 22 days a year. Typically, the average window for freezing temperatures is October 12 through April 21.


title: Manhattan, Kansas

text: The state of Kansas falls within an area sometimes called Tornado Alley. The most destructive tornado in Manhattan touched down at approximately 10:30 pm on June 11, 2008. Thirty-one homes and several businesses were destroyed by the EF4 tornado. Kansas State University's campus incurred about $20 million in damage – a number of university buildings sustained significant damage and the tornado's winds destroyed the Wind Erosion Laboratory's garage. No one was killed.


title: Manhattan, Kansas

text: Previously, the most destructive tornado to hit Manhattan was on June 8, 1966. The 1966 tornado caused $5 million in damage and injured at least 65 people in Manhattan.


title: Manhattan, Kansas

text: Manhattan was built on a floodplain at the junction of the Kansas and Big Blue rivers, and it has faced recurring problems with flooding from heavy precipitation. The worst floods were the 1903 and 1908 floods, the Great Flood of 1951, and the Great Flood of 1993. In 2019, record amounts of rainfall in Kansas brought water levels up massive amounts and flood records were broken that had not been seen since 1993. Tuttle Creek Reservoir recorded its second highest flood level ever on May 31 at 1,135.80 feet above sea-level. The only level higher came from The Great Flood of 1993, which recorded an astounding 1,138 feet above sea-level on July 23. The top of the emergency Spillway gates measures at 1,136 feet, only 0.2 feet above the 2019 record lake level. The only time that the emergency Spillway gates have ever been opened was on July 19, 1993, at 3:15 PM. The gates were opened 0.8 feet which allowed 10,000 cubic feet per second of water to move through the downstream channel. The gates were slowly opened more each day until July 23 at a peak 60,000 cubic feet per second (450,000 gallons per second). The gates remained open until August 9, 1993. The normal level for Tuttle Creek Reservoir averages 1,075 feet.


title: Manhattan, Kansas

text: Manhattan is the principal city of the Manhattan metropolitan area which, as of 2014, had an estimated population of 98,091. It is also the principal city of the Manhattan-Junction City, Kansas Combined Statistical Area which, as of 2014, had an estimated population of 134,804, making it the fourth largest urban area in Kansas.


title: Manhattan, Kansas

text: As of the census of 2010, there were 52,281 people, 20,008 households, and 9,466 families residing in the city. The population density was . There were 21,619 housing units at an average density of . The racial makeup was 83.5% Caucasian, 5.5% African American, 0.5% Native American, 5.1% Asian, 0.2% Pacific Islander, 1.7% from other races, and 3.5% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 5.8% of the population.


title: Manhattan, Kansas

text: There were 20,008 households, of which 22.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 36.0% were married couples living together, 8.2% had a female householder with no husband present, 3.1% had a male householder with no wife present, and 52.7% were non-families. 30.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 5.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.30 and the average family size was 2.82.


title: Manhattan, Kansas

text: The population was spread out, with 15.3% of residents under the age of 18; 39.1% between the ages of 18 and 24; 24% from 25 to 44; 14.2% from 45 to 64; and 7.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 23.8 years. The gender makeup of the city was 50.9% male and 49.1% female.


title: Manhattan, Kansas

text: As of the census of 2000, there were 44,831 people, 16,949 households, and 8,254 families residing in the city. The population density was 2,983.9 people per square mile (1,152.4/km). There were 17,690 housing units at an average density of 1,177.4 per square mile (454.7/km). The racial makeup was 87.28% White, 4.86% African American, 0.48% Native American, 3.93% Asian, 0.07% Pacific Islander, 1.30% from other races, and 2.07% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 3.49% of the population.


title: Manhattan, Kansas

text: There were 16,949 households, out of which 22.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 39.6% were married couples living together, 6.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 51.3% were non-families. 30.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 6.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.30 and the average family size was 2.89.


title: Manhattan, Kansas

text: The population was spread out, with 15.8% under the age of 18, 39.2% from 18 to 24, 24.0% from 25 to 44, 13.2% from 45 to 64, and 7.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 24 years. For every 100 females, there were 106.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 105.4 males.


title: Manhattan, Kansas

text: The median income for a household was $30,463, and the median income for a family was $48,289. Males had a median income of $31,396 versus $24,611 for females. The per capita income was $16,566. About 8.7% of families and 24.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 10.1% of those under age 18 and 7.8% of those age 65 or over. However, traditional measures of income and poverty can be misleading when applied to cities with high student populations, such as Manhattan.


title: Manhattan, Kansas

text: Manhattan's economy is heavily based on the public sector. Kansas State University is the largest employer in town, and its approximately 24,000 students help support the retail and entertainment venues in the city. The second-largest employer in Manhattan is the city school district. Additionally, many civilians and military personnel employed at nearby Fort Riley also live in Manhattan and support its economy, including more than 3,500 civilian Fort Riley employees. Finally, most of the 150 employees in the Kansas Department of Agriculture work in a new office building in Manhattan, next to the National Bio and Agro-Defense Facility (NBAF).


title: Manhattan, Kansas

text: Large private sector employers in Manhattan include the Ascension Via Christi Hospitals, CivicPlus, and Farm Bureau. Manhattan also features a small industrial base. Manufacturing and commercial businesses include: GTM Sportswear, Florence Corporation, Manko Windows, Parker Hannifin, the McCall Pattern Company, Ultra Electronics-ICE, and Farrar Corporation.


title: Manhattan, Kansas

text: The Steel & Pipe Supply Co. began in Manhattan in 1933, with corporate headquarters in the city although it has moved its fabrication and distribution to other locations.


title: Manhattan, Kansas

text: In 2009, the United States Department of Homeland Security announced that it would locate the National Bio and Agro-Defense Facility (NBAF) in Manhattan. The NBAF is scheduled to open in 2022, and will be a federal lab to research biological threats involving human, zoonotic (i.e., transmitted from animals to humans) and foreign animal diseases. It is expected to employ between 250 and 350 people, including researchers, technical support and operations specialists.


title: Manhattan, Kansas

text: Manhattan's Tallgrass Brewing Co was the largest brewery in Kansas until it ceased operations in 2018. The former Dickinson Theatres chain began in Manhattan in 1920, and grew to operate in seven states before it was purchased in 2014.


title: Manhattan, Kansas

text: Manhattan is governed under a council-manager system, with a five-member City Commission. Elections are nonpartisan and are held every other year, in odd-numbered years. Three City Commission positions are chosen in each election. The two highest vote recipients receive four-year terms, while the third highest vote recipient receives a two-year term. The highest vote winner in a general election is established to serve as mayor on the third year of a four-year term. The Mayor presides over Commission meetings, but has the same voting rights as other Commissioners and no veto power. As of 2022, Linda Morse serves as the city's mayor.


title: Manhattan, Kansas

text: Manhattan is located inside several state district boundaries. Most of Manhattan falls within two districts for the Kansas House of Representatives. Representative Tom Phillips (R) serves in District 67, which includes portions of south, west, and northern Riley County. Representative Sydney Carlin (D) represents District 66, which includes most of downtown Manhattan, and the northeastern portions of the city. Small portions of Manhattan extend into other districts to the south and north.


title: Manhattan, Kansas

text: Manhattan is located in Kansas's 1st congressional district, which is represented by Republican Tracey Mann. Manhattan was moved from the 2nd District to the 1st District during redistricting in 2012. Manhattan had been placed originally in the 1st District when the state was subdivided in 1874. John Alexander Anderson of Manhattan served as the district's second Congressional representative, from 1879 to 1885.


title: Manhattan, Kansas

text: A majority of voters in Riley County never supported a Democratic candidate for president, until Joe Biden won the county in the 2020 election. Republicans have carried Riley County in every previous presidential election, except for 1912, when a majority of the county's voters supported the Progressive candidate Theodore Roosevelt.


title: Manhattan, Kansas

text: Kansas State University is the largest employer and educational institution in the city of Manhattan with nearly 24,000 students. KSU is home to Wildcat sports and to nationally recognized academics. It has ranked first nationally among state universities in its total of Rhodes, Marshall, Truman, Goldwater, and Udall scholars since 1986.


title: Manhattan, Kansas

text: Manhattan is home to Manhattan Christian College, Manhattan Area Technical College, the American Institute of Baking, The Flint Hills Job Corps Training Center, and the Kansas Building Science Institute.


title: Manhattan, Kansas

text: Manhattan is served by Manhattan-Ogden USD 383 public school district and has one public high school with two campuses (Manhattan High School), two middle schools (Susan B. Anthony and Dwight D. Eisenhower), and eight elementary schools (Amanda Arnold, Frank V. Bergman, Bluemont, Lee, Marlatt, Northview, Theodore Roosevelt and Woodrow Wilson). The city also has two private school systems: Flint Hills Christian School (Preschool – 12th grade) and the Manhattan Catholic Schools. Manhattan Catholic School contains two buildings, the grade school building (K-5)and the Luckey Jr. High building (6–8), formerly called the Luckey high building dedicated to Monsignor Luckey. The school's mascot is "Luckey the Cardinal".


title: Manhattan, Kansas

text: The Marianna Kistler Beach Museum of Art and the Kansas State University Gardens are on the campus of Kansas State University. Next to the campus is Aggieville with shopping and bars.


title: Manhattan, Kansas

text: Manhattan's Sunset Zoo is accredited by the Association of Zoos and Aquariums (AZA). Colbert Hills Golf Course, which is annually ranked by "Golf Digest" among the best in the state, is home to the Earl Woods National Youth Golf Academy and a host site for The First Tee program. Manhattan is the birthplace of Damon Runyon, the "Inventor of Broadway", and his Manhattan house is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.


title: Manhattan, Kansas

text: The buildings for The Flint Hills Job Corps Training Center west of the city were once used as a nursing home and orphanage operated by the Fraternal Order of Odd Fellows.


title: Manhattan, Kansas

text: The first capitol of the Kansas Territory is preserved nearby, on Fort Riley grounds. The Fort Riley military base covers between Manhattan and Junction City, KS. Since 2006 it has, once again, become home to the Big Red One, the 1st Infantry Division of the United States.


title: Manhattan, Kansas

text: As the largest municipality in the Flint Hills region, Manhattan is host to the Flint Hills Discovery Center, a heritage and science center dedicated to the education and preservation of the Flint Hills and the remaining tall grass prairie.


title: Manhattan, Kansas

text: Aggieville is a center of shopping and nightlife with many stores, bars, and live bands. Downtown Manhattan, and the Manhattan Town Center Mall, are an anchor for shopping, art, fine dining, and entertainment in eastern Manhattan.


title: Manhattan, Kansas

text: Kansas State University's school sessions greatly impact Manhattan culture. Bill Snyder Family Football Stadium, Bramlage Coliseum, and McCain Auditorium host national events, including lectures and concerts. Marianna Kistler Beach Museum of Art hosts the university's permanent art collection and traveling art exhibits.


title: Manhattan, Kansas

text: In 2009, the Manhattan, Kansas, metropolitan statistical area (MSA) ranked as the fifth highest in the United States for percentage of commuters who walked to work (8.5 percent).


title: Manhattan, Kansas

text: Manhattan Regional Airport (MHK) is located west of Manhattan on K-18, and is the second busiest commercial airport in Kansas. The airport is served by American Airlines subsidiary American Eagle, which offers multiple flights daily to Chicago's O'Hare International Airport and the Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport, as well as handling general aviation and charter flights. The nearest larger commercial airports are in Kansas City (MCI) and Wichita, Kansas (ICT).


title: Manhattan, Kansas

text: Domestic passenger rail service to Manhattan began on August 20, 1866, on the Kansas Pacific Railroad line. A mainline of the Union Pacific Railroad still passes through the city, but all passenger service to Manhattan was discontinued after the Amtrak takeover of passenger rail in 1971.


title: Manhattan, Kansas

text: The Rock Island Railroad also formerly served Manhattan as a stop on Rock Island's Kansas City–Colorado Springs Rocky Mountain Rocket service. The Rock Island depot was located between Fifth and Sixth streets, along former El Paso Street (now Fort Riley Boulevard). The former railroad right-of-way was converted to Manhattan's main southern east-west arterial road, Fort Riley Boulevard, as well as a rail-trail, linear park up the Wildcat Creek valley through Manhattan's west side.


title: Manhattan, Kansas

text: Intercity bus service, previously provided by Greyhound Lines and KCI Roadrunner, was discontinued years ago. However, Arrow Stage Line operates charter service out of local facilities on McCall Road.


title: Manhattan, Kansas

text: Within the City of Manhattan, limited mass-transit is provided by Riley County's subsidized paratransit service, ATA Bus. ATA Bus recently started its first set-route bus route in Manhattan connecting an apartment complex and an office campus, and is currently working with the city to develop a feasible mass-transit system. ATA uses four small buses and a number of minivans in its fleet. Five twenty-passenger transit buses have been purchased for fixed-route service and the agency is awaiting operational funding from Kansas State University and the City.


title: Manhattan, Kansas

text: Historically, the city operated a streetcar system from 1909 to 1928. The trolley tracks were torn up and replaced by bus service in 1928, which was later also discontinued.


title: Manhattan, Kansas

text: Historically, Manhattan was located on the national Victory Highway, one of the original 1920s auto trails. With the creation of the numbered federal highway system in 1926, the highway became U.S. Route 40. From 1926 to 1935, Route 40 diverged west out of Manhattan into "40N" and "40S" routes; the two routes met again in Limon, Colorado.


title: Manhattan, Kansas

text: In the 1950s, Route 40 was rerouted nine miles south of Manhattan, due to security concerns that originally arose during World War II about the highway passing through neighboring Fort Riley. The new route followed a more direct line between Topeka and Junction City, and in 1956 it was designated as Interstate 70.


title: Manhattan, Kansas

text: "The Manhattan Mercury" is the city's main newspaper, published six days a week. Other newspapers published in the city include: the alternative weekly "The Hype Weekly" which focuses on events, arts, and culture in the area; the weekly "Manhattan Free Press"; the agriculture-oriented "Grass & Grain"; and the K-State university newspaper, the "Kansas State Collegian". Manhattan has had at least one newspaper published for the town continuously since "The Kansas Express" published its first edition on May 21, 1859.


title: Manhattan, Kansas

text: Manhattan is a center of broadcast media for the surrounding area. One AM and ten FM radio stations are licensed to and/or broadcast from the city. Manhattan lies within the Topeka, Kansas, television market, and six stations are licensed to and/or broadcast from the city including: a translator of KTWU, the PBS member station in Topeka; K-State's station KKSU-LD; two GCN translators; and two independent stations.


title: Manhattan, Kansas

text: The first television station in Kansas was W9XAK in Manhattan, licensed to broadcast by the Federal Radio Commission on March 9, 1932.


title: AirAsia X

text: AirAsia X (previously known as "FlyAsianXpress Sdn. Bhd."), is a long-haul budget airline based in Malaysia, and a sister company of AirAsia. It commenced operations on 2 November 2007 with its first service flown from Kuala Lumpur International Airport, Malaysia, to Gold Coast Airport in Australia. AirAsia X flies to destinations within Asia, Australia, and the United States of America. The airline operates a fleet of 12 Airbus A330-300 aircraft.


title: AirAsia X

text: AirAsia X is the medium and long-haul operation of the brand AirAsia, which is Asia's largest low-cost carrier.


title: AirAsia X

text: On 17 May 2007, Tony Fernandes announced plans to commence flights from Malaysia to Australia. Fernandes said he would be avoiding Sydney Airport due to its high fees. Instead the airline would concentrate on cheaper alternatives such as Melbourne's Avalon Airport, Williamtown Airport in Newcastle, and Adelaide Airport. Sustained fares were predicted to be around MYR 800 (A$285) for a return fare, plus taxes. Interest was also expressed in using Gold Coast Airport as another Australian destination. Fernandes named the airline AirAsia X, citing inspiration from Yoshiki, leader of the Japanese rock band X Japan.


title: AirAsia X

text: Several major developments were announced on 10 August 2007. AirAsia X announced its first route from Kuala Lumpur to the Gold Coast, with one way fares to begin at MYR 50 (A$17) excluding taxes and charges, with average return prices to be approximately MYR1,800 (A$598), inclusive of taxes and charges.


title: AirAsia X

text: The airline also announced that Sir Richard Branson of the Virgin Group would take a 20% share in the airline to help kick-start its long haul operations and to finance its aircraft purchases. Branson also forecast a strong possibility of future, formal links between Virgin Blue and AirAsia X, including codeshare agreements and Loyalty programs.


title: AirAsia X

text: The first AirAsia X aircraft arrived at Kuala Lumpur International Airport on 15 September 2007. It was named "Semangat Sir Freddie" (English: ""Spirit of Sir Freddie"") after the pioneer and founder of the low-cost model; the late, Sir Freddie Laker of Skytrain.


title: AirAsia X

text: At the of September 2021, Air Asia X Bhd reported a quarterly loss of $5.9 billion. The company announced plans to reduce its fleet to achieve an optimal fleet size.


title: AirAsia X

text: FlyAsianXpress (FAX) was an airline based in East Malaysia. It operated services on some of the smaller routes dropped by national carrier Malaysia Airlines. Its routes have since been taken over by MASwings.


title: AirAsia X

text: FAX was privately owned by Kamarudin Meranun, Raja Razali, Raja Azmi and Tony Fernandes. The airline was subcontracted by AirAsia to operate several domestic services following the withdrawal of Malaysia Airlines from rural air service routes within East Malaysia. Its maiden flight was on 1 August 2006, despite being delayed for 50 minutes by bad weather. FAX was not a low-cost carrier, but it incorporated some of AirAsia's practices to reduce cost. Namely; internet and phone bookings, as well as ticketless check-in systems.


title: AirAsia X

text: Within days of operation it was subject to a flood of criticisms from commuters, civil servants, and people working in the tourism industry. Critics argued that the new turboprop service provided by FAX should not be more expensive than the rural air service previously operated by Malaysia Airlines, as FAX was subsidised by the Malaysian Government. As well as cost, the airline was criticised for poor service, such as sudden flight cancellations without notice. The CEO of Sarawak Tourism Board also stated that disruptions to cargo supply flights to the interior, caused tourists to take their own food rations, rather than rely upon the air cargo supplies of food and fuel. FAX released a new flight timetable citing the sudden need for heavy maintenance on its Fokker 50 fleet as the trigger for severe disruption to its schedules.


title: AirAsia X

text: On 11 April 2007, Tony Fernandes, CEO of the parent company of FAX (AirAsia), publicised details of a handover offer of FAX's rural routes, to Firefly, a subsidiary airline of Malaysia Airlines. He described it as "the logical thing to do", as Firefly can be the only national company operating turboprop aircraft. On 26 April 2007, the government announced Malaysia Airlines would take over the operation of rural air services from FAX, and gave assurance that any financial loss would be borne by the government. Malaysia Airlines announced the take over of FAX destinations beginning on 1 October 2007. Malaysia Airlines would operate these routes through a new subsidiary, MASwings.


title: AirAsia X

text: With FAX rural air services replaced by MASwings, the corporate name was changed from FlyAsianXpress Sdn. Bhd. to AirAsia X Sdn. Bhd. with this, the airlines focus switched to a new market, low cost, long haul flights.


title: AirAsia X

text: The head office and registered office is at the RedQ facility on the property of Kuala Lumpur International Airport Terminal 2 in Sepang, Selangor.


title: AirAsia X

text: The head office was previously located at the LCC Terminal at KLIA, while the registered office was on Level 12 of the Menara Prima Tower B in Petaling Jaya, Selangor. The airline planned to move its head office to a new , RM140mil facility constructed at klia2. Until the new head office opens, the airline's head office will remain at LCCT. The new klia2 head office was scheduled to open in the end of 2015. It is scheduled to hold about 2,000 AirAsia and AirAsia X employees. Aireen Omar, the AirAsia Country CEO of Malaysia, stated that the headquarters needed to be redesigned because in the klia2 plans the location of the control tower had been changed. Construction on the facility was scheduled to begin in July 2014. Malaysia Airports Holdings is leasing the land that will be occupied by the headquarters. Filipina AirAsia X flight attendant January Ann Baysa gave the building the name "RedQuarters" or "RedQ", and its groundbreaking ceremony was held in November 2014.


title: AirAsia X

text: AirAsia X claims to have one of the lowest operating costs of any long-haul airline around the world, with a Cost per Available Seat-Kilometre (CASK) of US$0.0351 in 2015, or US$0.0240 excluding fuel costs (allowing them to undercut conventional long-haul fares by between 30 and 50%). To reduce costs, they also co-ordinate many aspects of their operation together with larger affiliate AirAsia (Asia's largest low-cost carrier), such as staff requirements, fuel hedging, marketing and computer systems, which allows them to take advantage of economies of scale that would not be normally available to an airline of their size.


title: AirAsia X

text: The entrance of two new major investors has given the company financial aid for future expansion plans.


title: AirAsia X

text: As of 14 February 2008, 48% of AirAsia X is owned by Aero Ventures; a venture of Tony Fernandes and other prominent Malaysians, as well as Air Canada's Robert Milton. Virgin Group own 16% and a further 16% is owned by AirAsia. Bahrain-based Manara Consortium, and Japan-based Orix Corp have taken a 20% stake in AirAsia X for RM250 million.


title: AirAsia X

text: AirAsia X was listed on the Bursa Malaysia (the Kuala Lumpur Stock Exchange) on 10 July 2013, with the shares offered to individual and institutional investors at MYR1.25 (approx. US$0.39) per share. The float raised MYR988 million (US$310 million, as of 2013 exchange rates) and valued the company at MYR3 billion (US$940 million). Shares initially performed poorly, closing unchanged on the first day of trading to post, according to Bloomberg, the "second-worst trading debut in Malaysia" that year. As of 10 October 2016, shares of AirAsia X Berhad were trading at MYR0.39, giving the company a market value of MYR1.62 billion (US$390 million at 2016 exchange rates).


title: AirAsia X

text: According to the Financial Times, as of June 2015, the largest shareholder of AirAsia X Berhad was Tune Group (a private investment vehicle owned by Tony Fernandes and Kamarudin Meranun), which owns a 17.8% stake. AirAsia Berhad (which Tune owns 19.1% of) holds a further 13.8% of AirAsia X while Tony Fernandes and Kamarudin Meranun also hold personal stakes, of 2.1% and 8.1% respectively. Lim Kiann Onn, a founding director and shareholder of other Tune Group businesses such as Tune Money and Tune Hotels, is the 4th largest shareholder, with 4.47% of the company.


title: AirAsia X

text: Indonesia AirAsia X is a joint venture of AirAsia X. It serves Indonesia AirAsia's regularly scheduled long haul international flights from Bali's Ngurah Rai International Airport. Indonesia AirAsia X was planned to launch its first destination to Melbourne on 26 December 2014 but was delayed till 18 March 2015 due to delays in route approval from Australian authority. Instead, Taipei became Indonesia AirAsia X first destination by launching service on 30 January 2015.


title: AirAsia X

text: In November 2018, the airline announced that it will be ceasing scheduled operations from January 2019, it however it will be operating non-scheduled operations from then.


title: AirAsia X

text: Thai AirAsia X is a joint venture of AirAsia X in Thailand. Thai AirAsia X is Thailand's first long-haul low-cost airline and began operation since its maiden service from Bangkok to Incheon, South Korea on 17 June 2014 and followed by Tokyo Narita and Osaka Kansai in Japan.


title: AirAsia X

text: In June 2011, the airline received government approval to begin service to six cities: Beijing, Shanghai, Osaka, Jeddah, Istanbul, and Surat.


title: AirAsia X

text: AirAsia X also plans to fly to Xi'an, Wuhan and Shenyang in the People's Republic of China. In 2009, the airline announced that it planned to serve Africa. AirAsia X also announced plans to expand to Japan and further into Australia.


title: AirAsia X

text: On 12 January 2012, AirAsia X withdrew services to Delhi, Mumbai, London and Paris, citing high fuel prices, "exorbitant" taxes, and weak travel demand. The airline also announced that it would fly from Kuala Lumpur to Sydney effective 1 April 2012. Shortly after the announcement of the Sydney launch, the airline is also looking to serve Adelaide as the airline continues to expand in Australia. The airline also withdrew its service to Christchurch, New Zealand on 31 May 2012 after only a year of launching service. At the same time, the airline announced that it would increase services to Perth and Taipei from June 2012. On 22 June 2012, the airline launched service to Beijing, its third Chinese destination and at the same time terminated service to Tianjin. AirAsia X also suspended service to Abu Dhabi many years prior due to unprofitability.


title: AirAsia X

text: On 8 October 2012, AirAsia X announced with seven days notice that it would withdraw service to Tehran citing "challenging economic and business conditions", which drew criticism amidst allegations of poor service and deceptive practices.


title: AirAsia X

text: In July 2013, AirAsia X executed an IPO on the Bursa Malaysia, raising $310 million. The international law firm of Pillsbury Winthrop Shaw Pittman advised on the transaction. The capital was to be used to further expand routes, especially after obtaining Thai authorities' approval for an air operator's certificate to operate flights from Bangkok to South Korea and Japan.


title: AirAsia X

text: In December 2013, Tony Fernandes, director of AirAsia X, said that the airline would resume flights to Europe.


title: AirAsia X

text: On 15 July 2014, CEO Azran Osman-Rani and Airbus President and CEO Fabrice Brégier signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) for 50 A330-900 aircraft at the Farnborough Airshow in the UK. "We have been encouraging Airbus to launch this new version of the A330 for some time now. I am pleased that they are offering this choice and bringing us the aircraft we truly need to develop further our low-cost long haul model. We are 100% sure that the A330neo will be quite unbeatable in its size category and we look forward to enabling more people to fly further more often aboard this great aircraft," said Tan Sri Tony Fernandes, co-founder and Director of AirAsia X.


title: AirAsia X

text: AirAsia X resumed its Delhi service in early 2016 and returned to New Zealand in March 2016 with the Kuala Lumpur-International to Auckland service, via Gold Coast, but flights were suspended again in February 2019. It resumed services to Tehran on 21 June 2016 with the thrice-weekly Kuala Lumpur-International to Tehran-Imam Khomeini service, but flights were suspended again in April 2018.


title: AirAsia X

text: It commenced its new route to Sapporo in October 2015 and launched its new route to Honolulu at the end of June 2017 after delays in route approval in 2015. On 9 October 2017, AirAsia X announced the commencement of Jeju, South Korea as a 4 times weekly flight starting on 12 December 2017. On 6 November 2017, it also announced that it would commence direct flights to Jaipur, India on 5 February 2018.


title: AirAsia X

text: In February 2018, AirAsia X announced that it would stop services between Melbourne Airport and KLIA and initiate services between Avalon Airport and KLIA. Avalon Airport is located 55 km from the CBD of Melbourne and located just 15 km from the CBD of Geelong. In June 2018, it announced services to Avalon Airport would commence on 5 December 2018.


title: AirAsia X

text: Until the mid-2010s, AirAsia X operated Airbus A340-300 jets, capable of ultra-long haul journeys. These aircraft were used for scheduled trips to the UK, namely London Heathrow, London Stansted and Manchester Airport. As mentioned before, these aircraft were retired in the mid-2010s after heavy fuel costs and the outdation of quad engine jetliners.


title: AirAsia X

text: In February 2018, during a business forum in Manila, Fernandes told reporters on the sideline that the airline is looking at the Boeing 787 Dreamliner for fleet expansion. In September 2018 it was reported that AirAsia X is evaluating the possibility of using Airbus A321neo and Airbus A321LR aircraft alongside its A330 fleet. By using narrow-body aircraft for its shorter routes (up to 7.9 hours), the airline believes it could achieve variable cost savings of up to 16%, and fixed cost savings of up to 5%.


title: AirAsia X

text: In March 2020, AirAsia X announced the delay of delivery of the airline's Airbus A330-900 aircraft indefinitely due to the COVID-19 pandemic.


title: Atomic Age

text: The Atomic Age, also known as the Atomic Era, is the period of history following the detonation of the first nuclear weapon, The Gadget at the "Trinity" test in New Mexico, on July 16, 1945, during World War II. Although nuclear chain reactions had been hypothesized in 1933 and the first artificial self-sustaining nuclear chain reaction (Chicago Pile-1) had taken place in December 1942, the Trinity test and the ensuing bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki that ended World War II represented the first large-scale use of nuclear technology and ushered in profound changes in sociopolitical thinking and the course of technological development.


title: Atomic Age

text: While atomic power was promoted for a time as the epitome of progress and modernity, entering into the nuclear power era also entailed frightful implications of nuclear warfare, the Cold War, mutual assured destruction, nuclear proliferation, the risk of nuclear disaster (potentially as extreme as anthropogenic global nuclear winter), as well as beneficial civilian applications in nuclear medicine. It is no easy matter to fully segregate peaceful uses of nuclear technology from military or terrorist uses (such as the fabrication of dirty bombs from radioactive waste), which complicated the development of a global nuclear-power export industry right from the outset.


title: Atomic Age

text: In 1973, concerning a flourishing nuclear power industry, the United States Atomic Energy Commission predicted that, by the turn of the 21st century, one thousand reactors would be producing electricity for homes and businesses across the U.S. However, the "nuclear dream" fell far short of what was promised because nuclear technology produced a range of social problems, from the nuclear arms race to nuclear meltdowns, and the unresolved difficulties of bomb plant cleanup and civilian plant waste disposal and decommissioning. Since 1973, reactor orders declined sharply as electricity demand fell and construction costs rose. Many orders and partially completed plants were cancelled.


title: Atomic Age

text: By the late 1970s, nuclear power had suffered a remarkable international destabilization, as it was faced with economic difficulties and widespread public opposition, coming to a head with the Three Mile Island accident in 1979, and the Chernobyl disaster in 1986, both of which adversely affected the nuclear power industry for many decades.


title: Atomic Age

text: In 1901, Frederick Soddy and Ernest Rutherford discovered that radioactivity was part of the process by which atoms changed from one kind to another, involving the release of energy. Soddy wrote in popular magazines that radioactivity was a potentially "inexhaustible" source of energy, and offered a vision of an atomic future where it would be possible to "transform a desert continent, thaw the frozen poles, and make the whole earth one smiling Garden of Eden." The promise of an "atomic age," with nuclear energy as the global, utopian technology for the satisfaction of human needs, has been a recurring theme ever since. But "Soddy also saw that atomic energy could possibly be used to create terrible new weapons".


title: Atomic Age

text: The concept of a nuclear chain reaction was hypothesized in 1933, shortly after Chadwick's discovery of the neutron. Only a few years later, in December 1938 nuclear fission was discovered by Otto Hahn and his assistant Fritz Strassmann. Hahn understood that a "burst" of the atomic nuclei had occurred. The first artificial self-sustaining nuclear chain reaction (Chicago Pile-1, or CP-1) took place in December 1942 under the leadership of Enrico Fermi.


title: Atomic Age

text: In 1945, the pocketbook "The Atomic Age" heralded the untapped atomic power in everyday objects and depicted a future where fossil fuels would go unused. One science writer, David Dietz, wrote that instead of filling the gas tank of your car two or three times a week, you will travel for a year on a pellet of atomic energy the size of a vitamin pill. Glenn T. Seaborg, who chaired the Atomic Energy Commission, wrote "there will be nuclear powered earth-to-moon shuttles, nuclear powered artificial hearts, plutonium heated swimming pools for SCUBA divers, and much more".


title: Atomic Age

text: The phrase "Atomic Age" was coined by William L. Laurence, a journalist with "The New York Times", who became the official journalist for the Manhattan Project which developed the first nuclear weapons. He witnessed both the Trinity test and the bombing of Nagasaki and went on to write a series of articles extolling the virtues of the new weapon. His reporting before and after the bombings helped to spur public awareness of the potential of nuclear technology and in part motivated development of the technology in the U.S. and in the Soviet Union. The Soviet Union would go on to test its first nuclear weapon in 1949.


title: Atomic Age

text: In 1949, U.S. Atomic Energy Commission chairman, David Lilienthal stated that "atomic energy is not simply a search for new energy, but more significantly a beginning of human history in which faith in knowledge can vitalize man's whole life".


title: Atomic Age

text: The phrase gained popularity as a feeling of nuclear optimism emerged in the 1950s in which it was believed that all power generators in the future would be atomic in nature. The atomic bomb would render all conventional explosives obsolete and nuclear power plants would do the same for power sources such as coal and oil. There was a general feeling that everything would use a nuclear power source of some sort, in a positive and productive way, from irradiating food to preserve it, to the development of nuclear medicine. There would be an age of peace and plenty in which atomic energy would "provide the power needed to desalinate water for the thirsty, irrigate the deserts for the hungry, and fuel interstellar travel deep into outer space". This use would render the Atomic Age as significant a step in technological progress as the first smelting of bronze, of iron, or the commencement of the Industrial Revolution.


title: Atomic Age

text: This included even cars, leading Ford to display the Ford Nucleon concept car to the public in 1958. There was also the promise of golf balls which could always be found and nuclear-powered aircraft, which the U.S. federal government even spent US$1.5 billion researching. Nuclear policymaking became almost a collective technocratic fantasy, or at least was driven by fantasy:


title: Atomic Age

text: The very idea of splitting the atom had an almost magical grip on the imaginations of inventors and policymakers. As soon as someone said—in an even mildly credible way—that these things "could" be done, then people quickly convinced themselves ... that they "would" be done.


title: Atomic Age

text: In the US, military planners "believed that demonstrating the civilian applications of the atom would also affirm the American system of private enterprise, showcase the expertise of scientists, increase personal living standards, and defend the democratic lifestyle against communism".


title: Atomic Age

text: Some media reports predicted that thanks to the giant nuclear power stations of the near future electricity would soon become much cheaper and that electricity meters would be removed, because power would be "too cheap to meter."


title: Atomic Age

text: When the Shippingport reactor went online in 1957 it produced electricity at a cost roughly ten times that of coal-fired generation. Scientists at the AEC's own Brookhaven Laboratory "wrote a 1958 report describing accident scenarios in which 3,000 people would die immediately, with another 40,000 injured".


title: Atomic Age

text: However Shippingport was an experimental reactor using highly enriched uranium (unlike most power reactors) and originally intended for a (cancelled) nuclear-powered aircraft carrier. Kenneth Nichols was a consultant for the Connecticut Yankee and Yankee Rowe nuclear power stations wrote that while considered "experimental" and not expected to be competitive with coal and oil, they "became competitive because of inflation... and the large increase in price of coal and oil." He wrote that for nuclear power stations the capital cost is the major cost factor over the life of the plant, hence "antinukes" try to increase costs and building time with changing regulations and lengthy hearings, so that "it takes almost twice as long to build a (U.S.-designed boiling-water or pressurised water) atomic power plant in the United States as in France, Japan, Taiwan or South Korea." French pressurised-water nuclear plants produce 60% of their electric power, and have proven to be much cheaper than oil or coal.


title: Atomic Age

text: Fear of possible atomic attack from the Soviet Union caused U.S. school children to participate in "duck and cover" civil defense drills.


title: Atomic Age

text: During the 1950s, Las Vegas, Nevada, earned the nickname "Atomic City" for becoming a hotspot where tourists would gather to watch above-ground nuclear weapons tests taking place at Nevada Test Site. Following the detonation of Able, one of the first atomic bombs dropped at the Nevada Test Site, the Las Vegas Chamber of Commerce began advertising the tests as an entertainment spectacle to tourists.


title: Atomic Age

text: The detonations proved popular and casinos throughout the city capitalised on the tests by advertising hotel rooms or rooftops which offered views of the testing site or by planning "Dawn Bomb Parties" where people would come together to celebrate the detonations. Most parties started at midnight and musicians would perform at the venues until 4:00 a.m. when the party would briefly stop so guests could silently watch the detonation. Some casinos capitalised on the tests further by creating so called "atomic cocktails", a mixture of vodka, cognac, sherry and champagne.


title: Atomic Age

text: Meanwhile, groups of tourists would drive out into the desert with family or friends to watch the detonations.


title: Atomic Age

text: Despite the health risks associated with nuclear fallout, tourists and viewers were told to simply "shower". Later on, however, anyone who had worked at the testing site or lived in areas exposed to nuclear fallout fell ill and had higher chances of developing cancer or suffering pre-mature deaths.


title: Atomic Age

text: By exploiting the peaceful uses of the "friendly atom" in medical applications, earth removal and, subsequently, in nuclear power plants, the nuclear industry and government sought to allay public fears about nuclear technology and promote the acceptance of nuclear weapons. At the peak of the Atomic Age, the United States government initiated Operation Plowshare, involving "peaceful nuclear explosions". The United States Atomic Energy Commission chairman announced that the Plowshares project was intended to "highlight the peaceful applications of nuclear explosive devices and thereby create a climate of world opinion that is more favorable to weapons development and tests".


title: Atomic Age

text: Project Plowshare "was named directly from the Bible itself, specifically Micah 4:3, which states that God will beat swords into ploughshares, and spears into pruning hooks, so that no country could lift up weapons against another". Proposed uses included widening the Panama Canal, constructing a new sea-level waterway through Nicaragua nicknamed the Pan-Atomic Canal, cutting paths through mountainous areas for highways, and connecting inland river systems. Other proposals involved blasting caverns for water, natural gas, and petroleum storage. It was proposed to plant underground atomic bombs to extract shale oil in eastern Utah and western Colorado. Serious consideration was also given to using these explosives for various mining operations. One proposal suggested using nuclear blasts to connect underground aquifers in Arizona. Another plan involved surface blasting on the western slope of California's Sacramento Valley for a water transport project. However, there were many negative impacts from Project Plowshare's 27 nuclear explosions. Consequences included blighted land, relocated communities, tritium-contaminated water, radioactivity, and fallout from debris being hurled high into the atmosphere. These were ignored and downplayed until the program was terminated in 1977, due in large part to public opposition, after $770 million had been spent on the project.


title: Atomic Age

text: In the "Thunderbirds" TV series, a set of vehicles was presented that were imagined to be completely nuclear, as shown in cutaways presented in their comic-books.


title: Atomic Age

text: The term "atomic age" was initially used in a positive, futuristic sense, but by the 1960s the threats posed by nuclear weapons had begun to edge out nuclear power as the dominant motif of the atom.


title: Atomic Age

text: French advocates of nuclear power developed an aesthetic vision of nuclear technology as art to bolster support for the technology. Leclerq compares the nuclear cooling tower to some of the grandest architectural monuments of western culture:


title: Atomic Age

text: The age in which we live has, for the public, been marked by the nuclear engineer and the gigantic edifices he has created. For builders and visitors alike, nuclear power plants will be considered the cathedrals of the 20th century. Their syncretism mingles the conscious and the unconscious, religious fulfilment and industrial achievement, the limitations of uses of materials and boundless artistic inspiration, utopia come true and the continued search for harmony.


title: Atomic Age

text: In 1973, the United States Atomic Energy Commission predicted that, by the turn of the 21st century, one thousand reactors would be producing electricity for homes and businesses across the USA. But after 1973, reactor orders declined sharply as electricity demand fell and construction costs rose. Many orders and partially completed plants were cancelled.


title: Atomic Age

text: Nuclear power has proved controversial since the 1970s. Highly radioactive materials may overheat and escape from the reactor building. Nuclear waste (spent nuclear fuel) needs to be regularly removed from the reactors and disposed of safely for up to a million years, so that it does not pollute the environment. Recycling of nuclear waste has been discussed, but it creates plutonium which can be used in weapons, and in any case still leaves much unwanted waste to be stored and disposed of. Large, purpose-built facilities for long-term disposal of nuclear waste have been difficult to site, and have not yet reached fruition.


title: Atomic Age

text: By the late 1970s, nuclear power suffered a remarkable international destabilization, as it was faced with economic difficulties and widespread public opposition, coming to a head with the Three Mile Island accident in 1979, and the Chernobyl disaster in 1986, both of which adversely affected the nuclear power industry for decades thereafter. A cover story in the February 11, 1985, issue of "Forbes" magazine commented on the overall management of the nuclear power program in the United States:


title: Atomic Age

text: The failure of the U.S. nuclear power program ranks as the largest managerial disaster in business history, a disaster on a monumental scale ... only the blind, or the biased, can now think that the money has been well spent. It is a defeat for the U.S. consumer and for the competitiveness of U.S. industry, for the utilities that undertook the program and for the private enterprise system that made it possible.


title: Atomic Age

text: So, in a period just over 30 years, the early dramatic rise of nuclear power went into equally meteoric reverse. With no other energy technology has there been a conjunction of such rapid and revolutionary international emergence, followed so quickly by equally transformative demise.


title: Atomic Age

text: In the 21st century, the label of the "Atomic Age" connotes either a sense of nostalgia or naïveté, and is considered by many to have ended with the fall of the Soviet Union in 1991, though the term continues to be used by many historians to describe the era following the conclusion of the Second World War. Atomic energy and weapons continue to have a strong effect on world politics in the 21st century. The term is used by some science fiction fans to describe not only the era following the conclusion of the Second World War but also contemporary history up to the present day.


title: Atomic Age

text: The nuclear power industry has improved the safety and performance of reactors, and has proposed new safer (but generally untested) reactor designs but there is no guarantee that the reactors will be designed, built and operated correctly. Mistakes do occur and the designers of reactors at Fukushima in Japan did not anticipate that a tsunami generated by an earthquake would disable the backup systems that were supposed to stabilize the reactor after the earthquake. According to UBS AG, the Fukushima I nuclear accidents have cast doubt on whether even an advanced economy like Japan can master nuclear safety. Catastrophic scenarios involving terrorist attacks are also conceivable. An interdisciplinary team from MIT has estimated that if nuclear power use tripled from 2005 to 2055 (2%–7%), at least four serious nuclear accidents would be expected in that period.


title: Atomic Age

text: In September 2012, in reaction to the Fukushima disaster, Japan announced that it would completely phase out nuclear power by 2030, although the likelihood of this goal became unlikely during the subsequent Abe administration. Germany plans to completely phase out nuclear energy by 2022 but was still using 11.9% in 2021. In 2022, following the Russian invasion of Ukraine, the United Kingdom pledged to build up to 8 new reactors to reduce their reliance on gas and oil and hopes that 25% of all energy produced will be by nuclear means.


title: Atomic Age

text: A large anti-nuclear demonstration was held on May 6, 1979, in Washington D.C., when 125,000 people including the Governor of California, attended a march and rally against nuclear power. In New York City on September 23, 1979, almost 200,000 people attended a protest against nuclear power. Anti-nuclear power protests preceded the shutdown of the Shoreham, Yankee Rowe, Millstone I, Rancho Seco, Maine Yankee, and about a dozen other nuclear power plants.


title: Atomic Age

text: On June 12, 1982, one million people demonstrated in New York City's Central Park against nuclear weapons and for an end to the cold war arms race. It was the largest anti-nuclear protest and the largest political demonstration in American history. International Day of Nuclear Disarmament protests were held on June 20, 1983, at 50 sites across the United States.


title: Atomic Age

text: In 1986, hundreds of people walked from Los Angeles to Washington, D.C., in the Great Peace March for Global Nuclear Disarmament. There were many Nevada Desert Experience protests and peace camps at the Nevada Test Site during the 1980s and 1990s.


title: Atomic Age

text: On May 1, 2005, forty thousand anti-nuclear/anti-war protesters marched past the United Nations in New York, 60 years after the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. This was the largest anti-nuclear rally in the U.S. for several decades.


title: Patrick Roberts

text: Patrick John Joseph Roberts (born 5 February 1997) is an English professional footballer who plays as a winger for Championship club Sunderland.


title: Patrick Roberts

text: Having joined Fulham from AFC Wimbledon at the age of 13, Roberts signed his first professional contract shortly after his 17th birthday in February 2014, tying himself to the club until the summer of 2016. Roberts described signing the contract as "one of the best feelings I've ever had in my life".


title: Patrick Roberts

text: Roberts was named among Fulham's substitutes for the first time on 15 March 2014 for a Premier League game against Newcastle United, with Fulham manager Felix Magath describing Roberts after the match as "an extraordinary talent". On 22 March 2014, he made his debut as a 55th-minute substitute in a Premier League defeat to Manchester City. On 5 May, he scored in the second leg of the 2014 FA Youth Cup final, which Fulham lost 7–6 on aggregate to Chelsea. Roberts' first appearance of the 2014–2015 campaign came as a substitute in Fulham's opening day fixture at Ipswich Town on 9 August, where he managed to grab an assist shortly after coming on. He made his first start for the Cottagers on 20 August 2014 in a home match against Wolverhampton Wanderers.


title: Patrick Roberts

text: On 19 July 2015, Roberts signed for Manchester City on a long-term deal for an undisclosed fee, believed to be in the region of £12 million. Roberts made his debut coming on as a substitute for Jesús Navas against Real Madrid in the pre-season 2015 International Champions Cup. On 22 September 2015, Roberts made his first team debut for Manchester City when he came on as a substitute during a 4–1 win against Sunderland in the League Cup. He made his league debut for Manchester City in a 4–1 loss to Tottenham Hotspur, coming on as a substitute for Sergio Agüero.


title: Patrick Roberts

text: On 29 January 2016, it was reported that Celtic had agreed an 18-month loan deal with Manchester City for Roberts, while the player was in Glasgow for a medical. The transfer was confirmed on 1 February. He played for the U20 side a couple of days later in a 4–0 win over Motherwell, scoring Celtic's fourth in the last minute and providing assists for the other three goals. Roberts made his first team debut for Celtic on 20 February 2016, coming on a substitute for the final few minutes of Celtic's 3–0 league win over Inverness CT at Celtic Park. He was given his first starting appearance on 2 March in a league match at home against Dundee. Celtic could only draw 0–0, but Roberts was noted to have looked "sharp" and showed "flashes of his talent".


title: Patrick Roberts

text: On 2 April 2016, Roberts scored his first competitive club goal, netting a brace for Celtic in a 3–1 come-from-behind win over Hearts. Following an impressive run of form during which he netted three goals, Roberts was named Scottish Player of the Month for April. He scored another brace on 8 May in a 3–2 win over Aberdeen, in the process helping Celtic clinch the Scottish Premiership title. Roberts scored another goal on the final day of the season in a 7–0 drubbing of Motherwell, thereby ending the campaign with 7 goals in 12 appearances for Celtic.


title: Patrick Roberts

text: Roberts made his first ever Champions League appearance on 20 July 2016, starting and scoring in a 3–0 win over Lincoln Red Imps. He had previously rejected the opportunity to represent England at the U19 European Championship in order to help Celtic progress to the Champions League proper. On 6 December 2016, Roberts scored an impressive solo goal and was named man of the match in a Champions League match against his parent club Manchester City. He finished the 2016–17 season with 43 appearances and 15 goals, helping Celtic to complete an unbeaten domestic season, in which the club secured its sixth consecutive league title.


title: Patrick Roberts

text: On 28 August 2017, it was announced that Roberts had rejoined Celtic on a new season-long loan. In November, during a match against Motherwell, Roberts suffered a hamstring injury and was sidelined for a number of months. He made his return against the same opposition on 18 March 2018 when he came on a substitute for James Forrest in a 0–0 draw.


title: Patrick Roberts

text: Roberts joined Manchester City's Spanish partner club Girona for the 2018–19 season, with Manchester City saying that the ideal next stage in Robert's development would be testing himself in La Liga, one of the world's most technical leagues. At the time of signing he was the only English player playing in the Spanish top flight and he made his debut the following day as a substitute against Real Valladolid. He endured a difficult campaign, however, and failed to score in 19 league appearances as the club suffered relegation to the Segunda División.


title: Patrick Roberts

text: Roberts was the first new addition to most-recent Championship winners and therefore newly-promoted Premier League club Norwich City, signing for them on a season-long loan.


title: Patrick Roberts

text: On 2 January 2020, Roberts joined Middlesbrough on loan until the end of the 2019–20 season. He scored his first goal for Middlesbrough in a 2–1 win over Reading on 14 July 2020. On 12 October 2020, it was announced that he would be loaned to the club again for the duration of the 2020–21 campaign.


title: Patrick Roberts

text: On 1 February 2021, Roberts joined Derby County on loan for the remainder of the 2020–21 season. Two days later, he made his debut for the Rams as a substitute for Kamil Jóźwiak in a 0–3 away league defeat by Rotherham United.


title: Patrick Roberts

text: On 21 January 2022, Roberts joined League One side Sunderland on an initial short-term six-month deal with the club having the option to extend his contract. He scored his first goal for Sunderland in a 2–0 win over Crewe Alexandra on 12 March 2022. On 9 May 2022 he scored the winning goal for Sunderland in the 2nd leg of the League 1 play off semi-final against Sheffield Wednesday, to send them to the play-off final at Wembley Stadium. On 25 June 2022, Roberts signed a new two-year contract with the club after achieving promotion through the play-offs.


title: Patrick Roberts

text: Ireland but Roberts has represented England at under-16, under-17 and under-19 levels. He played an integral role in England's victory at the 2014 European Under-17 Championship in Malta, scoring three goals, grabbing four assists and being named in the team of the tournament.


title: Patrick Roberts

text: In August 2014 Roberts received his first call up to the England under-19 squad. Despite being just 17 years old at the time, Roberts played a big part in the England under-19 team's progression through the 2015 UEFA European Under-19 Championship qualifying round. In the three group games played by England under-19, Roberts recorded a total of four goals and four assists. He had previously rejected the chance to be in the England squad at the U19 European Championship in order to help Celtic progress to the Champions League proper. Roberts was also expected to be selected for the England under-20 squad in the 2017 FIFA U-20 World Cup, but he instead opted to play for Celtic in the 2017 Scottish Cup Final.


title: Patrick Roberts

text: Roberts was born in Kingston upon Thames, Greater London. His parents (Louise and Neil) are both from Merseyside. He has an older brother Adam and a younger sister Jessica. He is a fan of Liverpool F.C. He is an alumnus of Wimbledon College.


title: Ninja Hattori-kun

text: 10-year-old Kenichi Mitsuba is an average kid who goes to secondary school and struggles with his studies. He is very stubborn and lazy, therefore always ending up frustrating his parents and teachers. He loves to find an easy way out of everything much to the annoyance of Hattori.


title: Ninja Hattori-kun

text: Meanwhile, a young ninja named Kanzo Hattori becomes best friends with Kenichi. Hattori becomes a part of the Mitsuba family along with his brother Shinzo and his ninja dog, Shishimaru. Hattori helps Kenichi with his problems, constantly keeping an eye on him as a good friend. Yumeko is portrayed as Kenichi's love interest.


title: Ninja Hattori-kun

text: The main antagonists are Kemumaki, a Koga Ninja, and his ninja-cat, Kagechiyo. Kemaki always causes trouble for Kenichi and Hattori, sometimes inventing new devices to fight against Hattori but always ending up in mishap. Kenichi asking Hattori to take revenge is a recurring storyline present throughout many episodes. Although Hattori is a good friend, Kenichi sometimes fights with him due to misunderstandings created by Kemumaki. Sometimes Jippou, Togejirou and Tsubame help him.


title: Ninja Hattori-kun

text: There are five main locations in the series: Tokyo City, Shinto Temple, Iga Province, Iga Mountains, and Kōga Valley.


title: Ninja Hattori-kun

text: Hattori-kun, is the protagonist of the series, a little ninja who is named after his ancestor Hattori Hanzō. He is 11 years old and a skilled ninja despite his age who left his home in Iga to train in Tokyo, where he took up residence in the Mitsuba household. The show follows his many adventures and daily life living in modern Japan and his friendship with Kenichi Mitsuba. Both boys find a rival in Kemaki (Kemumaki in some dubs), another young ninja in Kenichi's class. Hattori-kun's main weakness is that he is terrified of frogs (Ranidaphobia) . He has strong beliefs on what makes a good ninja and reminds everyone of the same. Hattori-kun has signature swirls on his cheeks, wears a blue head covering at all times, and also has a quirk of saying ~"degozaru" or "nin nin" ("ding ding" in dubs) after almost every sentence. Hattori-kun has an ardent admirer, Tsubame. He wears blue coloured ninja robes with a red belt.


title: Ninja Hattori-kun

text: Shinzo is Kanzo's five-year-old younger brother who followed him to Tokyo. Being only an apprentice ninja he uses wooden weapons. His older brother Hattori is his role model. He can cry extremely loudly, stunning people and even causing them to faint. He helps Kanzo fight Kemaki, sometimes using his loud crying to immobilise opponents. He wears red coloured ninja robes. His catchphrase is ""shin shin".


title: Ninja Hattori-kun

text: A 10-year-old middle schooler who doesn't have much academic or athletic talent but enjoys photography. His greatest desire is to win the affections of classmate Yumeko, in the process of which he often gets into trouble with his rival Kemaki and convinces the hesitant Hattori to help him. He is not above tricking Hattori into lending a hand. Kenichi wears glasses and a cap.


title: Ninja Hattori-kun

text: Yumeko-chan, is a classmate and friend of Kenichi's. Both Kenichi and Kemaki have unrequited crushes on her, causing a rivalry between the two boys. Yumeko sees Hattori and Shinzo as brothers. She is a pianist and hates bell peppers. Yumeko appears in an episode of Perman as a cousin of Michiko. She wears a pink long sleeved dress and has her hair in a short cut with bangs.


title: Ninja Hattori-kun

text: Is a ninja dog living with Kenichi, who came along with Kanzo and Shinzo Hattori. He is often lazy and stubborn. Along with Shinzo, the two of them wind up doing mischief and creating trouble. He has an attack technique of turning in a fireball when provoked. He also has the ability to change form into any other animal. His fur is curly and yellow. Shishimaru's ninja mark on his forehead is very important for him as it is an identification of him as a ninja. He loves to eat all kinds of delicious treats, especially a fish sausage, or chocolate roll.


title: Ninja Hattori-kun

text: Is the antagonist of "Ninja Hattori-kun". The 11-year-old ninja comes from the Koga village and hence is a sworn rival of the Iga native Hattoris. He lives alone in a small apartment with his ninja cat Kagechiyo. As per the Koga rules, his ninja identity is a secret, with only Kenichi and the Hattoris knowing about his dual life while he attends middle school as a normal student. His parents' whereabouts are unknown, but his mother is noted several times in the series, and once visited him while he was sleeping to cook him a meal. Kemaki is shorter than Kenichi but much better at school and sports than him. He isn't as good a ninja as Hattori-kun but never gives up trying to beat him. Despite being the main antagonist, he is actually a nice but lonely boy who sometimes helps out his rivals. Kemaki strongly adheres to his clan rules of never using ninjutsu for criminal acts, going so far as to temporarily excommunicate Kagechiyo for stealing an ice cream. He wears green colored ninja robes, is brown skinned and has his hair is a short ponytail.


title: Ninja Hattori-kun

text: Is a talking animal-ninja of the Kōga-ryū, Kagechiyo is the supporting antagonist in the series. Usually Kemumaki gives a big task in his plans for Kagechiyo to carry out, which he often does not succeed in. This is because he doesn't get enough training from Kemumaki and is seen sleeping on the streets. He is noticed by Hattori several times. He is seen to have a rivalry with Shishimaru. His fur color is black and white. He normally hides in the Mitsuba house to hear Kenichi and his friends' plans and afterwards informs Kemumaki about them, we'll suited to being a spy. At times he resents Kemumaki for his strictness and imagines living a life of luxury as a normal cat in some episodes. He enjoys eating fish. He obtains an attack of static electricity on rubbing a shining metal plate against his back. If he uses this attack too much then it will drain his energy, and he will feel weak.


title: Ninja Hattori-kun

text: One of Kenichi's teachers. Koike-sensei has a crush on her. The subject she teaches is unknown. Though in many episodes she is shown teaching the class music.


title: Ninja Hattori-kun

text: Kenichi's teacher, also appears as a ramen chef in Obake no Q-tarō and sometimes appear as a cameo in Doraemon where he eats ramen. He frequently scolds Kenichi similar to when Nobita is scolded by his teacher in Doraemon. He is caricatured after animator Shin'ichi Suzuki. He also appears in the cartoon "Biriken" and "Ultra B" as Michio's father.


title: Ninja Hattori-kun

text: Kenichi's father. He usually smokes and comes from his office late in the evening. He likes eating and golf a lot. Though a rather plump man, in some of the episodes, his size seems to change, going from stouter to slimmer. He gave Kenichi his name, hoping for his son's good health.


title: Ninja Hattori-kun

text: The mother of Kenichi. She is a slim housewife who is busy keeping order of a house inhabited by six, including Shinzo who often wets his futon. She likes Tsubame and thinks that Kemaki is a good boy (not knowing of his ninja identity and pranking habit). Kenichi constantly stresses her out with his bad grades and his preference for playing over studying, making her lecture him. She also appears in an episode of Doraemon, in one of Doraemon's dreams.


title: Ninja Hattori-kun

text: A cactus having supernatural powers is sent by Professor Shinobino from the United States. Shisimaru does not like Cacto-chan and loves to compete with him.


title: Ninja Hattori-kun

text: A.k.a. Tsubame-ko, is a kunoichi and classmate of Hattori-kun. She likes Hattori and always wishes to marry him. She has a dislike for Kemumaki and Kagechiyo. She wears pink coloured ninja robes. She seems to own a recorder, a clarinet, a flute, a piccolo and a bassoon, five woodwind instruments.


title: Ninja Hattori-kun

text: A Koga Ninja Girl who is a senior of Kemumonki and a frenemy of Hattori. First she start to fight Ninja Hattori. Later She also helps Hattori and His Friends. This character was appeared in 2012 Anime only.


title: Ninja Hattori-kun

text: An American Ninja who is a student of Ninja Hattori. He learns only wrong Ninja techniques. Later these become very useful to him.


title: Ninja Hattori-kun

text: A Iga Ninja Boy who tries to achieve primary school certification. His power is creating cloud and using for transportation.


title: Ninja Hattori-kun

text: A Iga Ninja Boy who tries to achieve Primary School Certification. His power is do anything within few seconds.


title: Ninja Hattori-kun

text: Saizo Gosuke and Surasuke's adopted grandmother. She like them and take care him as grandsons. She also helps Hattori and Kenechi.


title: Ninja Hattori-kun

text: Kio's Little Brother Cat. Kittu likes kio and thought as a Big Brother. Kittu uses Ninja techniques also. Kittu mostly appears in the 2012 anime.


title: Ninja Hattori-kun

text: A Iga Ninja squirrel who is a childhood friend of Shishimaaru's. Momombe uses More Ninja Techniques than Shishimaaru. Momombe mostly appears in the 2012 anime.


title: Ninja Hattori-kun

text: Sub-inspector of Mitoriquaika City. He likes Hattori because Hattori and his friends help him to catch the thieves. He mostly appears in 1981 anime.


title: Ninja Hattori-kun

text: Kio's Enemy and Kemumonki's Old Pet. He cheats everyone for his hungry. He ate free food who given by his owner who cheated by Shero.


title: Ninja Hattori-kun

text: He appears in the movie Ninja Hattori-kun: Nin Nin Furusato Daisakusen no Maki (Ninja Hattori - Home Town).


title: Ninja Hattori-kun

text: The first manga series was published in Kobunsha's "Shōnen" in 1964 and ended in 1968. A second manga series was published by Shogakukan in various kids magazines like "CoroCoro Comic", "Televi-Kun" and others from 1981 to 1988.


title: Ninja Hattori-kun

text: The first anime series aired on TV Asahi in Japan from September 28, 1981 to December 25, 1987 for a total of 694 episodes and 11 special episodes, in total 705 episodes.


title: Ninja Hattori-kun

text: Amazon Prime Video India began streaming the series in English, Tamil, Telugu and Hindi in December 2016. Netflix began streaming the "fifth season" (53 episodes) of the Indian English dub in the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom, Australia, and India on December 22, 2018. Since May 15, 2020, Netflix no longer streams them. In Korea, from December 19, 2005, until the 5th season was aired on Talent TV (JEI Talent Broadcasting at the time of the first airing in 2005). became Currently, Nickelodeon is broadcasting New Ninja Hattori. The main character, the ninja Hattori Ganjo Hanzo (Tori), has a distinctive dialect accent and a 'nin nin nin nin nin' tone.


title: Ninja Hattori-kun

text: In Vietnam, the series was re-released by on digital platforms and Youtube with a Vietnamese dub version by Purpose Media from 2018 and 2022.


title: Ninja Hattori-kun

text: In January 2012, Nikkei announced on its website that a remake of the anime series under production by Indian production company Reliance MediaWorks and Shin-Ei Animation. The announcement was part of a move to produce several remakes of popular anime television series to be broadcast across television stations in the Asian market to counteract Japan's stagnating domestic anime marketplace due to its declining birthrate. Shin-Ei Animation is currently collaborating with Green Gold Animation to produce new episodes of the series. Yūichi Nagata, producer at Shin-Ei Animation, stated that the current collaboration will be between Shin-Ei's "creative content" and Green Gold Animation's "quality of skills in animation making and diligence".


title: Ninja Hattori-kun

text: The new series began airing in India and Indonesia on May of the same year, as well as China. It premiered on Animax in Japan on May 13, 2013.


title: Ninja Hattori-kun

text: Netflix, initially set to stream the Indian English dub of the first two seasons in early 2019, began streaming them in the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom, Australia, and India on December 22, 2018. Since May 15, 2020, Netflix no longer streams them.


title: Ninja Hattori-kun

text: In Vietnam, the series continued to be re-released by POPS Kids on digital platforms and YouTube with a Vietnamese dub version by Purpose Media from 2018 and 2022.


title: Ninja Hattori-kun

text: The 1981 anime series was released on two, nine-disc DVD box sets by Columbia Music Entertainment in Japan. The first box set was released on August 31, 2005, while the second was released on November 2 that same year.


title: Ninja Hattori-kun

text: The Japanese dub of the 2012 series was released on a five-disc DVD box set, under the title "Ninja Hattori-kun Returns" (忍者ハットリくんリターンズ), by TC Entertainment, Inc. on July 11, 2014 in Japan.


title: Doug McDermott

text: Douglas Richard McDermott (born January 3, 1992) is an American professional basketball player for the San Antonio Spurs of the National Basketball Association (NBA). While playing college basketball for Creighton University, he led the nation in scoring in 2013–14 and was a three-time consensus first-team All-American. He was the consensus national player of the year as a senior in 2014, and finished his college career with the fifth-most points in NCAA Division I men's basketball history. After graduating from Creighton, McDermott became automatically eligible for the 2014 NBA draft, where he was drafted 11th overall by the Denver Nuggets. He was traded to the Chicago Bulls and went on to play two and half seasons for the Bulls before being traded to the Oklahoma City Thunder in February 2017. McDermott has also played for the New York Knicks, Dallas Mavericks, and Indiana Pacers.


title: Doug McDermott

text: McDermott is the son of current Creighton coach Greg McDermott; Greg coached Doug during his college career.


title: Doug McDermott

text: McDermott was born in Grand Forks, North Dakota, where his father was an assistant coach of the University of North Dakota's men's basketball team. McDermott, a 6'7" 225-pound forward, played high school basketball at Ames High School in Ames, Iowa alongside high school All-American Harrison Barnes. Ames won 53 consecutive games during McDermott's and Barnes' junior and senior seasons and won consecutive Iowa state titles. As a senior, McDermott averaged 20.1 points and 7.8 rebounds per game and was named first team All-State.


title: Doug McDermott

text: Considered a three-star recruit by ESPN.com, McDermott was listed as the No. 28 small forward in the nation in 2010.