title: Kink.com

text: San Francisco mayor Gavin Newsom also expressed concern over the Kink.com purchase, and scheduled a special meeting of the San Francisco Planning Commission in March 2007 to review the company's use of the building. The meeting was well-attended by both supporters and opponents of the Kink.com purchase. One opponent, anti-pornography campaigner Melissa Farley compared the images produced by Kink.com to images of prisoner abuse at Abu Ghraib, and testified against the purchase.


title: Kink.com

text: Although Kink.com has stated that its activities would be invisible to the surrounding neighborhood, La Casa de las Madres, a neighboring women's shelter, announced that they would be leaving the location because of the media scrutiny of Kink.com's presence. In addition to utilizing the Armory for its own productions, Kink.com also rents space in the historic building to local independent filmmakers to use as locations in non-pornographic narrative films and videos.


title: Kink.com

text: By 2013 Kink.com was converting rooms at the Armory into webcam studios that independent webcam models could rent. In January 2017, Kink.com announced that it would cease to use the Armory for film production.


title: Kink.com

text: In 2007, the company's web site Fucking Machines was involved in a trademark dispute when the United States Patent and Trademark Office refused to grant a trademark for the name of the site, asserting that it was obscene. Also in 2007, the company began streaming regular live shows, in part as a defense against copyright infringement. By 2008 live shows were being streamed by Device Bondage, a Kink.com bondage site, and erotic wrestling site Ultimate Surrender began streaming its competitive matches live in 2008.


title: Kink.com

text: In 2008, the company added on-demand technology to its web sites, selling updates to their websites on a per-episode basis rather than strictly by subscription. This system recently began adding third-party content, including that from Germany's "Marquis".


title: Kink.com

text: Also in 2008, the company launched a site called Bound Gods, a gay bondage site directed by Van Darkholme (also the director of Naked Kombat). Bound Gods was launched under a new gay-focused division, KinkMen.com.


title: Kink.com

text: In 2014, the company announced that it was stopping production on its "wildly popular" Public Disgrace and Bound in Public sites, and changing Hardcore Gangbangs to make it more explicitly the fantasy of the female participant. Kink announced that it was increasing educational efforts, with the aim of "demystifying alternative sexualities" and would be welcoming the public into The Armory. It wished to turn Kink.com into a lifestyle brand à la "Playboy".


title: Kink.com

text: As of 2022, their main network boasts over 90 channels, 27 are Kink exclusives from nine studios. Making it the largest fetish network to date.


title: Kink.com

text: In October 2022, Kink launched KinkMen as its own, exclusive paysite within the Kink network, bringing in performers from across the male kink and fetish sphere, and feauring directors such as Dominic Pacifico and Micah Martinez.


title: Erika Lust

text: Erika Lust (born 1977) is a Swedish erotic film director, screenwriter and producer. Since the debut of her first indie erotic film "The Good Girl" in 2004, Lust has been cited as one of the current leading participants in the feminist pornography movement, asserting that an ethical production process sets her company apart from mainstream pornography sites. She has no problem calling her films porn, since she expects viewers to be sexually aroused, unlike other directors of erotic films who make a distinction between their work and porn even when both types contain sexually explicit scenes. She has written several books, as well as directed and produced a number of award-winning films.


title: Erika Lust

text: Lust was born Erika Hallqvist in Stockholm, Sweden, in 1977. She harboured a passion for film and theatre.


title: Erika Lust

text: She went to Lund University, where she studied Political Sciences. While there, she came across Linda Williams' 1989 book "Hard Core: Power, Pleasure, and the "Frenzy of the Visible"", which would influence her filmmaking later. She graduated with a BA in 1999, with a specialization in human rights and feminism. After graduation she moved to Barcelona in 2000 and started studying filmmaking.


title: Erika Lust

text: Lust shot her first film, the explicit short "The Good Girl" in 2004, which became an instant hit. Released online for free under a Creative Commons license, it was downloaded millions of times in several days and two million times in two months. The film was shown at the Barcelona International Erotic Film Festival the next year and won a Ninfa Award.


title: Erika Lust

text: In 2005, after this initial success, she founded her video production company Lust Films. The company has produced erotic short films and compilations steadily from then on. "Five Hot Stories For Her", an anthology of five vignettes including "The Good Girl", won the Barcelona International Erotic Film Festival's 2007 Best Spanish Screenplay award, the Venus Berlin Fair's 2007 Eroticline Award for Best Adult Film for Women, and the 2008 Feminist Porn Award for Movie of the Year. Since then she has been a regular on the adult cinema festival circuit, and in 2020 one of her films came to the cinema on a regular basis for the first time.


title: Erika Lust

text: Lust's films are characterized by carefully cast actors and high standards of production in adult film. Lust believes explicit film can be an educational tool besides being pleasurable and can help us better understand our sexuality, to live more freely and naturally. She hopes to influence viewers' conceptions of gender roles in sexuality. She considers pornography to be the "most important discourse on gender and sexuality".


title: Erika Lust

text: In 2010, Lust opened an online erotic cinema called Lust Cinema, exhibiting her own films and those of other authors of the new wave of explicit films. She started the first crowdsourced project in the history of adult cinema in 2013, calling it "XConfessions". It has become her main source of work in the years thereafter.


title: Erika Lust

text: In 2017 Glamour Magazine listed Lust Cinema as one of the "15 Feminist Porn Sites That You’ll Really, Really Enjoy". In 2019 Erika was named as one of the BBC's 100 Most Influential Women of the Year.


title: Erika Lust

text: Lust has written several books on eroticism and sexuality; her first book "Good Porn" was published in 2009 by Seal Press. In it, she lists such common myths associated with ‘phony, predictable porn for men’, including: #2. Men can always get it up; #6. When a man is choking a woman with his dick, she always smiles and enjoys it; #7. Beautiful young women just love to have sex with fat, ugly, middle-aged men; #13. Every lesbian is tall, thin and pretty and has long hair and nails.


title: Erika Lust

text: Lust runs an online store offering her books and films, as well as sex toys and other erotic wares. In February 2016, her company had about 15 employees.


title: Erika Lust

text: In 2017, in consultation with sex educators Lust created a porn-education website for parents, "The Porn Conversation". The site provides links to research and tips for talking to kids about the unrealistic nature of mainstream porn.


title: Erika Lust

text: Her film "Cabaret Desire" (2011) won her the Feminist Porn Award for Movie of the Year in 2012 and the CineKink Audience Choice Award for Best Narrative Feature. It was cited as an example of the diversity of porn at the 2013 Berlin Porn Film Festival providing a space for rethinking sex, sexuality, and pornography.


title: Erika Lust

text: In 2020, her film "The Intern" received three film nominations for the XBIZ Europa Awards including Feature Movie of the Year, Best Acting (won) and Best Sex Scene in a Feature Movie. Her film "Super Femmes" was also nominated for Best Lesbian Sex Scene (won) and was the first time in the history of XBIZ Europa Awards where a Big Beautiful Woman (BBW) or trans performer were nominated in a non-genre specific category. Erika Lust Films was also nominated for Global Studio Brand of the Year, and her online streaming platform XConfessions was nominated for Erotic Site of the Year.


title: Erika Lust

text: In 2014 Lust and other directors began producing short pornographic films based on crowd-sourced stories. Viewers can leave anonymous confessions on the project's website. Each month, Lust handpicks two stories and turn them into cinematic short films. "XConfessions" has been presented at the Berlin Porn Festival 2014. The first two compilations of her "XConfessions" series have won her the Feminist Porn Awards for Hottest Straight Vignette in 2014 and 2015 respectively.


title: Erika Lust

text: In 2015, a theatrical cut of "XConfessions" was screened at Chicago International Film Festival and at Raindance Film Festival in London.


title: Erika Lust

text: Lust held two sold-out screenings of the "XConfessions Theatrical Cut" at Kino Babylon in Berlin in February 2016, and went on to win the Best Narrative Short CineKink Award for short film "An Appointment with My Master."


title: Erika Lust

text: Erika Lust was one of the female filmmakers featured in "Women on Top", the first episode of the Netflix documentary series , focusing on the filming of "Hysterical Piano Concert" (XConfessions 2016). Gail Dines writes that rather than being a film of empowerment in which a female pianist fulfills a fantasy, the woman with no prior film experience is subjected to stereotypical porn sex that leaves her traumatized and in pain, but is persuaded by Lust to continue. Kat Banyard states that "feminist porn" as promoted by Lust is another brand that does not challenge the mainstream, but serves as another entry point for potential customers. While not in favor of any type of censorship, which she views as having greater effect on the powerless, philosopher Amia Srinivasan says that sex on film impedes the development of sexual imagination, which has a greater impact on the young.


title: Erika Lust

text: In a study of feminist pornography, Carmen Pena Ardid, Professor of Literature and Film at the University of Zaragoza cites Lust as opening a way for women as inventors of fantasies and producers of pornographic sexual representations, however this work does not resolve the models of femininity imposed by fashion, advertising or the cosmetics industry; and the constrained social situations within which fantasies are lived. Álvaro Martín Sanz, professor of film studies at the University of Valladolid while recognizing Lust as pioneering the rejection of the heteronormativity present in traditional pornographic cinema also finds limitations in the pursuit of beauty and the focus on fantasies rather than more realistic portrayals.


title: Erika Lust

text: Erika Lust argues that no sexual acts, including temporary and consensual self-objectification, BDSM, risk-aware violence, or extreme fantasy should be labeled "non-feminist". Richard Kimberly Heck, Philosophy Professor at Brown University defends Lust from criticisms by Hans Maes. Maes finds "The Good Girl" little different than mainstream porn due to the generally passive behavior of the female character Alex, and the performance of a "facial" in the final scene. Heck finds the behavior of Alex more realistic than the stereotypical nymphomaniac of porn movies, and notes that Lust's view is that any sexual activity, including those assumed to be degrading, may by enjoyed by some and are feminist if done by consent.


title: Runt (film)

text: Runt is a 2020 American thriller film directed by William Coakley from a screenplay by Coakley, Armand Constantine, and Christian van Gregg. It stars Cameron Boyce in his final film role, alongside Nicole Elizabeth Berger, Aramis Knight, Jason Patric, Cyrus Arnold, Tichina Arnold, and Aydin Etehadi.


title: Runt (film)

text: "Runt" follows the life of Cal (Boyce), a teenage boy who experiences troubling incidents that make him a cold and callous person. Cal is interested in Gabriella (Hildebrand) but is being bullied by her boyfriend, Vic (Knight), and his group of friends. The character devolves into pain, self-destruction, and abuse after being subjected to bullying by his peers in high school. The film also shows the lack of adult intervention which causes Cal to grow up into an individual lacking a moral compass.


title: Runt (film)

text: In July 2018, it was announced Cameron Boyce had joined the cast of the film, with William Coakley directing from a screenplay he wrote alongside Armand Constantine and Christian van Gregg. It is Coakley's feature film directorial debut. That same month, Jason Patric, Brianna Hildebrand, Tichina Arnold, Aramis Knight, Nicole Elizabeth Berger, and Mitch Silpa joined the cast of the film.


title: Runt (film)

text: Principal photography began in July 2018. The film was reported to be in post-production when Boyce died on July 6, 2019.


title: Runt (film)

text: The film was released in February 2020 at the Mammoth Film Festival, where it won an award. In June 2021, 1091 Media acquired distribution rights to the film.


title: Kaan Urgancıoğlu

text: Kaan Urgancioglu was born on 8 May 1981 in İzmir, Turkey. On his father's side he is of Turkish descent and on his mother's side he is of Albanian and Syrian descent. He went to school at the Private Turkish College Secondary School and the American College. After graduating from highschool, he moved to Istanbul in 2000 and studied at the Marmara University's Finance Department. Kaan Urgancıoğlu started to study cinema as well as university education. He graduated after 7 years. In 2002, while still at university, he started to work as an actor on the recommendation of actress Demet Akbağ, a family friend.


title: Kaan Urgancıoğlu

text: Urgancıoğlu had his first role as the lead actor in a series based on the historical comic book "Karaoğlan". He then had a role in the youth series "Kampüsistan". He played in many popular series and films afterwards. In 2008 he went to the United States and studied acting there for 6 months. He is best known for playing Emir Kozcuoğlu in "Kara Sevda", one of the most successful Turkish series internationally and the only Turkish series in history to win the International Emmy Award for "Best Telenovela", along with two other international awards. He also starred in the Netflix original series "Aşk 101", which premiered in 2020. In 2021, he began starring in "Yargı" and shared the leading roles with Pınar Deniz, with whom he had previously co-starred in "Aşk 101".


title: Leigh Griffiths

text: Leigh Griffiths (born 20 August 1990) is a Scottish professional footballer who most recently played as a striker for Australian club Mandurah City.


title: Leigh Griffiths

text: Griffiths started his career at Livingston where he made his debut as a sixteen-year-old. He then moved to Dundee in 2009 for £125,000. During his five years in the Scottish First Division he earned six young player of the month awards. With Dundee in financial trouble, Griffiths moved to Wolves for around £150,000 in January 2011.


title: Leigh Griffiths

text: Having not been a Wolves first team regular, he spent the 2011–12 season on loan to Scottish Premier League club Hibernian. This loan was renewed for the following season, during which he won the SFWA Footballer of the Year award and made his debut appearance for Scotland. After it appeared Griffiths had become part of Wolves' plans during the 2013–14 season he moved mid-season to join Celtic.


title: Leigh Griffiths

text: Griffiths scored regularly during his first few seasons with Celtic and then played regularly for Scotland, scoring twice in a 2–2 draw with England in June 2017. After failing to impress for Celtic in later years, Griffiths spent the first half of the 2021–22 season on loan with Dundee. He was recalled by Celtic and released at the end of the January 2022 transfer window, after which he signed for Scottish League One club Falkirk. On 9 August 2022, he signed for Western Australian outfit Mandurah City.


title: Leigh Griffiths

text: Griffiths made his debut for Livingston as a sixteen-year-old, after coming on as an 82nd minute substitute during a 3–1 defeat to Airdrie United on 30 December 2006. His teammates in his breakthrough period at Almondvale Stadium included fellow youth graduates and future Scotland colleagues Robert Snodgrass and Graham Dorrans. Griffiths won the SFL under-19 League in 2007–08 with the youth team. In March 2009, Griffiths alongside then Livingston teammates Andy Halliday and Joe McKee spent five days on trial with Italian Serie B side Parma. He also trained with Premier League team West Bromwich Albion in April 2009 and impressed enough to warrant a move, but manager Tony Mowbray departed soon afterwards and the club moved onto other targets.


title: Leigh Griffiths

text: On 25 June 2009, Griffiths completed a £125,000 move to Scottish First Division rivals Dundee, despite having an offer rejected for the player back in April. He scored three goals on Dundee's run in the 2009–10 Scottish Challenge Cup, and played in their 3–2 win over Inverness in the final. Livingston claimed in January 2011 that they had yet to receive payment, which was denied by Dundee. Griffiths became a fans favourite during his spell at Dundee and scored 34 goals in 62 appearances, which included a memorable 30-yard free kick in the Scottish League Cup against Rangers.


title: Leigh Griffiths

text: On 27 January 2011, Griffiths signed for English Premier League side Wolverhampton Wanderers on a two-and-a-half-year contract after he successfully completed a two-week trial. The transfer fee paid to Dundee was estimated at £150,000. He was an unused substitute against Tottenham in March 2011, but did not feature again in part of any matchday squads during the club's remaining fixtures that season. His Wolves debut came on 23 August 2011, when he came on as a substitute in a League Cup tie at Northampton Town, in what was to be his only game for the club during the 2011–12 and 2012–13 seasons.


title: Leigh Griffiths

text: In both these seasons, Wolves instead loaned him out to Hibernian, where he enjoyed considerable success (see below). Following his performances with Hibs, Wolves opted to take up their option of a contract extension that would ensure Griffiths remained under contract for the 2013–14 season. Hibernian subsequently made an offer to acquire him in a permanent deal, but it was rejected by Wolves, who also stated that they had "no intention of selling the player on to any other club". New Wolves manager Kenny Jackett affirmed that Griffiths was part of his plans for their campaign in League One, and he made his league debut for the club on 3 August 2013 against Preston, some two-and-a-half years since first signing. He scored his first goals for the club a week later when he scored twice against Gillingham, having agreed a new long-term contract.


title: Leigh Griffiths

text: By January 2014 Griffiths was Wolves' leading goalscorer for the season with thirteen goals, attracting bids from Celtic. After Wolves rejected initial offers from the Scottish champions, they accepted a bid on 31 January, reported to be £1 million.


title: Leigh Griffiths

text: Griffiths moved on a 6-month loan in August 2011 to Scottish Premier League club Hibernian. Three days before his loan was due to end, it was extended to the end of the season. He was criticised by the Hibs manager, Pat Fenlon, after he was suspended for a second time for gesturing at supporters. Later that month, he was suspended again for the same offence. In March 2012, newspaper reports claimed that he had assaulted Fenlon and his assistant, but these reports were denied by the club. He scored a late winning goal in the 2–1 win in the Scottish Cup semi-final against Aberdeen. Overall, Griffiths scored 11 goals in 36 appearances for Hibs during the 2011–12 season.


title: Leigh Griffiths

text: Hibs agreed another loan deal with Wolves for Griffiths in July 2012, due to run until at least January 2013. He scored three goals early in the 2012–13 season, including two in one match against St Mirren. He won the SPL Player of the Month award for August 2012, then scored both goals in a 2–1 win against Kilmarnock in his next appearance. Two goals in another match against St Mirren on 3 November increased his tally to eleven for the season. This run of form earned him a first Scotland cap, in a friendly against Luxembourg. His form dipped after this, however, as he scored two goals in the next thirteen matches.


title: Leigh Griffiths

text: In January 2013, Griffiths trained with his parent club Wolves to allow new manager Dean Saunders to assess him. Wolves then issued a statement criticising him for making an offensive comment on Twitter. PFA Scotland said that although they could not comment about individual cases that were ongoing, they condemned all "discriminatory behaviour" and urged their members to be aware of the dangers of misusing social media. Campaign group Show Racism the Red Card said that they were "saddened" by the comments and acknowledged the apology made by him to the individual affected and the general public.


title: Leigh Griffiths

text: Wolves said in their statement about the offensive comment that Griffiths was likely to remain at Hibs for the rest of the 2012–13 season, and this was confirmed on 16 January. He scored in every SPL match during February to win a second SPL player of the month award. On 3 March 2013, he scored his first ever professional hat-trick in a Scottish Cup tie against Kilmarnock. A week later during an Edinburgh derby, he appeared to have scored a free-kick goal after the ball rebounded off the crossbar and dropped behind the goal-line, before bouncing back into play. Television replays showed that the ball had crossed the line by a few feet, but referee Euan Norris did not give a goal and the match finished goalless. In the Scottish Cup semi-final on 13 April 2013, he scored in extra time to seal a come-from-behind 4–3 victory over Falkirk.


title: Leigh Griffiths

text: Having scored 25 goals in all competitions by mid-April, Griffiths was nominated for Player of the Year and Young Player of the Year by PFA Scotland, winning the latter award. He was also included in the SPL Team of the Year and named player of the year in the Scottish Premier League Yearly Awards.


title: Leigh Griffiths

text: On 17 May, he was named the SFWA Footballer of the Year, becoming the first Hibs player to win that award since Pat Stanton in 1970.


title: Leigh Griffiths

text: Griffiths signed a four-year deal with Scottish champions Celtic for an undisclosed fee on 31 January 2014.


title: Leigh Griffiths

text: Griffiths made his debut for Celtic as a substitute in the 2–1 loss in the 2013–14 Scottish Cup fifth round against Aberdeen. On 22 February 2014, he scored his first goal for Celtic against Hearts. On 1 March 2014, he scored a hat-trick against Inverness in a 5–0 home win. He formed a good understanding with fellow striker Anthony Stokes, who had up until Griffiths' arrival at Celtic in January struggled for form that season. Near the end of the season, the pair turned in an outstanding performance in a 6–0 rout of Inverness at Celtic Park on 27 April. Griffiths provided assists for Stokes' first two goals in the first half (the Irish striker went on to complete a hat trick), before Griffiths scored himself in the second half, latching on to pass from Stokes and shooting in to the far corner of the net. Griffiths finished the season with 7 goals from 14 appearances for Celtic.


title: Leigh Griffiths

text: The SFA issued Griffiths with a notice of a complaint in April after he was filmed singing about the financial state of Hearts at an Edinburgh derby match. He apologised to Hearts and was disciplined by Celtic. Video footage of him chanting in an Edinburgh pub that former Hearts player Rudi Skácel was a "refugee" was then made public, which led to investigations by Celtic, the SFA and Police Scotland. Celtic manager Neil Lennon said that the club would do what they could to help him.


title: Leigh Griffiths

text: He was charged and cautioned with an offence, related to an incident in the Edinburgh pub, under the Offensive Behaviour at Football and Threatening Communications Act in January 2015. He admitted the offence during a court appearance in September 2015, for which he was admonished. Celtic had previously fined him four weeks' wages.


title: Leigh Griffiths

text: Griffiths was used mainly as a substitute by new Celtic manager Ronny Deila in the first couple of months of the following season. He didn't play at all for the first team during September, and was linked with a loan move to former club Hibernian. Manager Ronny Deila stated that Griffiths needed to improve his fitness, stressing the importance of being a "24-hour athlete".


title: Leigh Griffiths

text: Griffiths returned to first-team action in October, again coming on in games as a substitute. He scored twice in a 6–0 win over Partick Thistle in the quarter-final of the League Cup. He began starting games more often after the New Year, and on 1 February 2015 he opened the scoring in a 2–0 win over Rangers in the Scottish League Cup semi-final which was the first Old Firm meeting since April 2012; he was booked for his goal celebration. He went on to score six goals in his next ten games for Celtic.


title: Leigh Griffiths

text: On 15 March, he started in the League Cup Final, making way for John Guidetti after 69 minutes of an eventual 2–0 win over Dundee United. Griffiths netted a hat-trick on 15 April after coming on in the second half of a 4–1 win in the league over Kilmarnock. Deila described his performance as "fabulous", praising both his goalscoring and his overall contribution to the team. Deila also mentioned the improvement he had made to his fitness. Eleven days later he scored another treble, all of the goals in a 3–0 victory over Dundee United at Tannadice. Having clinched the league championship, Celtic defeated Inverness 5–0 in their final game of the season on 24 May, with Griffiths coming on as a substitute in the second half to score Celtic's fourth goal of the game and his 20th of the season.


title: Leigh Griffiths

text: On 19 August 2015, he scored a brace against Swedish side Malmö FF in a 3–2 win at Celtic Park in the first leg of the Champions League playoffs.


title: Leigh Griffiths

text: Celtic failed to qualify for the Champions League, dropping down into the Europa League, but he continued to score regularly. By early October he had scored 10 goals in 18 domestic and European matches. He signed a new contract with Celtic on 18 December, extending his commitment with the club to 2021. He commented on Celtic: "I don't see why I really need to leave this club. This is a bigger club than three quarters of the English Premier League." He also acknowledged his own growing maturity in recent years, "If you look at me beforehand, still doing daft stuff off the field and I've kind of quietened down a bit now and I had to because I was almost staring the exit door in the face."


title: Leigh Griffiths

text: On 15 January 2016, Griffiths scored his 50th goal for Celtic, opening the scoring in their 4–1 win over Dundee United at Tannadice; he became the fastest Celtic player to achieve this landmark since Charlie Nicholas in the 1980s, reaching the tally in fewer games than the likes of Henrik Larsson and John Hartson. He finished the season with 40 goals in all competitions for Celtic, making him the first player to do so since Larsson in the 2003–04 season.


title: Leigh Griffiths

text: Griffiths was a key player in Celtic's fifth successive league title success, scoring 31 goals in the league. His form over the course of the season saw him win the PFA Scotland, Scottish Football Writers' and Scottish Premiership Player of the Year awards.


title: Leigh Griffiths

text: Griffiths opened his account for the 2016–17 season in the second leg of Celtic's Champions League second qualifying round match against Lincoln Red Imps, scoring the second goal in Celtic's 3–0 win. He also scored twice in a 5–2 win against Hapoel Beer Sheva. After returning from an injury, Griffiths found it hard to break back into the team due to the form of Moussa Dembélé.


title: Leigh Griffiths

text: Following Dembélé's injury in the Scottish Cup semi-final against rivals Rangers, Griffiths found his way back into the first team, and helped Celtic to complete the league season undefeated and win the Treble.


title: Leigh Griffiths

text: In Celtic's first match of the 2017–18 season, a qualifier for the UEFA Champions League against Linfield in Belfast, Griffiths was cautioned for time-wasting after he picked up a glass Buckfast bottle which had been thrown at him from the crowd and showed it to the referee. The incident was one of several instances of missile-throwing in a fixture which was always expected to be problematic due to the attitudes of many of the supporters of both clubs, and its taking place in the same week as the biggest annual Unionist celebrations in Northern Ireland which heighten local tensions. At the conclusion of the match (which his team won), Griffiths responded to the hostility by tying a Celtic scarf to the goalposts. In the aftermath, UEFA not only upheld the booking but also declared their intention to further discipline Griffiths for his scarf gesture, which they deemed to be provocative towards the home fans.


title: Leigh Griffiths

text: On 23 September 2017, Griffiths scored in a 2–0 win against Celtic's Glasgow rivals Rangers. He celebrated his goal with a scarf thrown into the pitch by Celtic fans and made headlines for allegedly wiping contents of his nose on the Ibrox corner flag.


title: Leigh Griffiths

text: On 30 August 2018, Griffiths scored his 100th goal for Celtic when he netted the opener against FK Sūduva, making him the first player to do so since John Hartson thirteen years earlier. In September, Griffiths signed a new contract with Celtic that was due to run until 2022. Celtic manager Brendan Rodgers said in December that Griffiths would not be involved for a "little period of time", as he needed to resolve issues in his personal life.


title: Leigh Griffiths

text: Griffiths played infrequently for Celtic over the next two seasons, making only nine starts during 2020–21. His contract with Celtic expired on 30 June 2021, leading to speculation about his future, but he signed a one-year contract with the club on 1 July 2021. Later in July, Griffiths was sent home from Celtic's pre-season training camp after it became public that Police Scotland were investigating allegations that Griffiths had sent improper online messages to an underage girl. A week later the police said that their assessment had established there was no criminality in the messages. Some Celtic fans booed Griffiths in his next appearance at Celtic Park, during a friendly match with West Ham United on 24 July. Celtic manager Ange Postecoglou said afterwards it was up to Griffiths to win their approval with his on-field performance.


title: Leigh Griffiths

text: On 31 August 2021, Griffiths re-joined Dundee on a season-long loan. Griffiths made his second debut for Dundee in a 0–0 with Livingston on 11 September. During a League Cup match on 22 September, Griffiths appeared to kick a smoke bomb into a section of St Johnstone fans. Two days later he was charged with culpable and reckless conduct in relation to that incident. After recovering from a slight injury, Griffiths returned and scored his first goal for the Dee in over a decade in a home win against Aberdeen. In January 2022, amidst negotiations to terminate a break clause in the loan deal, Celtic activated a clause in Griffiths' contract to terminate it on 31 January, which would also end his loan spell. Griffiths rejected an offer to sign for Dundee permanently.


title: Leigh Griffiths

text: On 8 February 2022, Griffiths signed for Falkirk for the rest of the 2021–22 season. He left the club at the end of the season.


title: Leigh Griffiths

text: Griffiths moved to Australia in August 2022 and signed for third-tier club Mandurah City on a short-term deal. Griffiths scored on his debut for the "Dolphins" in a league win over Western Knights.


title: Leigh Griffiths

text: By October 2022 Griffiths had returned to Scotland, where he was offered the use of training facilities at Livingston.


title: Leigh Griffiths

text: Griffiths was selected for the Scotland B side that played Northern Ireland B. at the end of the 2008–09 season. He setup George Boyd for the second goal, who then setup Griffiths to net the last goal in a 3–0 win. He was a regular for the Scotland under-19 team, and was then selected to play for the Scotland under-21 team. His first goal for Scotland U21 was on his second call up on 2 March 2010, when he equalised against Azerbaijan.


title: Leigh Griffiths

text: Despite playing regularly in the 2011–12 Scottish Premier League for Hibernian, Griffiths was left out of some Scotland U21 squads. He was recalled for qualification games against Luxembourg (in which he scored) and Austria in September 2012.


title: Leigh Griffiths

text: Griffiths was added to the full Scotland squad in November 2012 for a friendly match against Luxembourg. His second cap for Scotland came against Croatia in a 1–0 away victory in a 2014 FIFA World Cup qualifier.


title: Leigh Griffiths

text: On 10 June 2017, Griffiths scored his first goal for Scotland with an 87th-minute free kick against England, before netting another one just three minutes later to put the Scots 2–1 ahead. The match ended 2–2 with Harry Kane netting England's leveller. Griffiths scored further goals against Malta and Slovenia during 2018 World Cup qualifying.


title: Leigh Griffiths

text: Problems with fitness and in his personal life meant that Griffiths did not play for Scotland during 2019. He was recalled to the squad in November 2020, and was part of the squad which won the play-off qualifier which put Scotland through to Euro 2020. However, he was not selected in Steve Clarke's 26-man squad for the finals, announced in May 2021.


title: Troy McClure

text: Troy McClure is a fictional character in the American animated series "The Simpsons". He was originally voiced by Phil Hartman and first appeared in the second season episode "Homer vs. Lisa and the 8th Commandment." McClure is an actor who is usually shown doing low-level work, such as hosting infomercials and educational films. He appears as the main character in "A Fish Called Selma," in which he marries Selma Bouvier to aid his failing career and quash rumors about his personal life. McClure also "hosts" "The Simpsons 138th Episode Spectacular" and "The Simpsons Spin-Off Showcase."


title: Troy McClure

text: McClure was partially based on B movie actors Troy Donahue and Doug McClure, as well as Hartman himself. Following Hartman's murder on May 28, 1998, two of his "Simpsons" characters were retired, with Hartman's final speaking appearance as McClure occurring in the tenth season episode "Bart the Mother" four months after his murder, and has since only occasionally cameoed in the background. Since his retirement, McClure has often been cited as one of the series' most popular characters. In 2006, "IGN" ranked McClure No. 1 on their list of the "Top 25 "Simpsons" Peripheral Characters."


title: Troy McClure

text: Troy McClure is a stereotypical Hollywood has-been. He was a star in the early 1970s, but his career went downhill due to rumors of a paraphilia involving fish. In most of his appearances in the show, he hosts short video clips that other characters watch on television or in a public place. He often presents educational videos and infomercials. McClure introduces himself by saying, "Hi, I'm Troy McClure. You may remember me from such [films, educational videos, voiceovers, etc.] as...," mentioning two titles that are similar to his current performance. For example, in the episode "Bart the Mother," McClure introduces a film about birds by saying, "Hi, I'm Troy McClure. You may remember me from such nature films as "Earwigs: Eww!" and "Man vs. Nature: The Road to Victory"." When he auditions to voice the character Poochie in "The Itchy & Scratchy & Poochie Show" (a role he would lose to Homer Simpson), he falls into his introductory style, mentioning his previous role as Christmas Ape.


title: Troy McClure

text: McClure's most prominent role occurs in the seventh-season episode "A Fish Called Selma." In the episode, McClure begins a relationship with Selma Bouvier, whom he meets when she gives him an eye test at the Department of Motor Vehicles and agrees to go out on a date with as a condition for passing him. The relationship revives his career, leading him to star in "Stop the Planet of the Apes, I Want to Get Off!", a stage musical version of the film "Planet of the Apes". To further boost McClure's career, McClure's agent suggests that he get married. Unaware of McClure's motivation, Selma accepts his proposal, and moves into McClure's house, a Modernist building which resembles the Chemosphere. At his bachelor party, a drunken McClure tells Homer Simpson that the marriage is just a sham to help his career. Homer says nothing at the wedding, but later offhandedly mentions McClure's admission to Marge, who then informs her sister. Selma decides to remain with McClure anyway, but she becomes disturbed when McClure's agent advises the pair to have a child (since "all the big parts these days are going to family men"). Having a child will secure McClure's casting as McBain's sidekick in "McBain IV: Fatal Discharge", but Selma is unwilling to bring a child into a loveless relationship and decides to leave McClure. McClure ultimately gets the role, but turns it down in order to direct and star in his own pet project, a 20th Century Fox film called "The Contrabulous Fabtraption of Professor Horatio Hufnagel".


title: Troy McClure

text: In addition to his in-story appearances, McClure appears as host of "The Simpsons 138th Episode Spectacular" and "The Simpsons Spin-Off Showcase." The first is a behind-the-scenes look at "The Simpsons", answering questions and featuring extra "never-before-seen" material. The second is an episode presenting three possible spin-offs from "The Simpsons".


title: Troy McClure

text: McClure was made into an action figure as part of the "World of Springfield" toy line, and was released in the "Celebrity Series 1" wave in 2002. He also features briefly in the video game "Virtual Springfield", introducing the town of Springfield to the player.


title: Troy McClure

text: McClure was based on the typical "washed up" Hollywood actor. B movie actors Troy Donahue and Doug McClure served as inspiration for his name and certain character aspects. Doug McClure found the homage funny and his children called him "Troy McClure" when his back was turned. According to show creator Matt Groening, Phil Hartman was cast in the role due to his ability to pull "the maximum amount of humor" out of any line he was given. McClure's visual appearance is similar to that of Hartman himself. When he was designed, McClure was given an extra line under his eyes to suggest that the character had gotten a facelift.


title: Troy McClure

text: In a very brief appearance in the season 2 episode "Bart's Dog Gets an "F", Troy was voiced by Dan Castellaneta.


title: Troy McClure

text: According to executive producer Al Jean, the writers often used McClure as a "panic button" and added the character when they felt an episode needed more humor.


title: Troy McClure

text: McClure's character is most developed in "A Fish Called Selma," which provides a more in-depth look into his private life and backstory. Showrunners Bill Oakley and Josh Weinstein were fans of Hartman, and wished to make an episode entirely about McClure in order to give Hartman as much to do as possible. From this came the idea of McClure's marriage to Selma Bouvier, as she was "always marrying people." Animator Mark Kirkland was particularly pleased that McClure was the star of the episode. He enjoyed interpreting Hartman's voice-over performances, and the episode allowed him and the other animators to "open [McClure] up visually as a character."


title: Troy McClure

text: Throughout "A Fish Called Selma," it is hinted that McClure engages in strange sexual behavior. The writers did not initially know what the "unsavory" sexual preference would be, but eventually decided on a fish fetish, using a suggestion from executive producer James L. Brooks. Josh Weinstein described the fish fetish concept as "so perverted and strange, it was over the top."


title: Troy McClure

text: Phil Hartman was murdered in 1998. Rather than re-casting the role with a new voice actor, the production staff retired McClure, along with Hartman's other recurring character, Lionel Hutz. McClure last appeared in the season ten episode "Bart the Mother," which was dedicated to Hartman. Before his death, Hartman had often expressed an interest in starring in a live-action film about McClure, which would be penned by some of the show's writers. He noted that he was "looking forward to his live-action movie, publicizing [McClure's] Betty Ford appearances." Matt Groening later told "Empire" that the idea never "got further than enthusiasm," but "would have been really fun." Although retired from speaking roles, the character has still appeared in background roles in subsequent episodes, and is also featured on the Digital Purchase cover for season 30.


title: Troy McClure

text: Even after his retirement, Troy McClure remains a popular supporting character. "IGN" ranked McClure first in their 2006 list of the "Top 25 Simpsons Peripheral Characters," calling him "a wonderfully bizarre and entertaining character that showcases the best of what small roles on The Simpsons can be." In a 2007 article on "Simpsons" guest stars, Adam Finley of TV Squad wrote that McClure was "responsible for some of the funniest moments in "Simpsons" history." Hartman ranked first on AOL's list of their favorite 25 "Simpsons" guest stars. Chris Turner argues in "Planet Simpson" that McClure and Lionel Hutz "together ... represent the most significant contribution to the show outside of its permanent cast," adding that "the show's Golden Age is hard to imagine without them." He continues, "The smarmy Hollywood type ... has been done to death, but Hartman's version breathed new life into it with each appearance. McClure has become the apotheosis of the stereotype, a gut-achingly funny reinterpretation whose trademark introduction ... has become a shorthand way to describe any grossly artificial media figure."


title: Troy McClure

text: McClure's most prominent episode, "A Fish Called Selma," is a favorite of many of the show's staff members, and has been cited as one of the series' best episodes by several publications. "Entertainment Weekly" placed the episode eighth on their top 25 "The Simpsons" episode list, and "IGN" named the episode the best of the seventh season, calling it the "obvious pick." They also deemed McClure's "Planet of the Apes" musical the best moment of the episode and "maybe even the whole show."


title: Troy McClure

text: McClure was one of Phil Hartman's best-known roles. He often used his McClure voice to entertain the audience between takes while taping episodes of "NewsRadio". He remarked, "My favorite fans are Troy McClure fans." He added "It's the one thing that I do in my life that's almost an avocation. I do it for the pure love of it." Many obituaries of Hartman mentioned his work as McClure as one of the highlights of his career. The BBC said that "[Hartman's] voice was known to millions" because of McClure and Lionel Hutz.


title: Troy McClure

text: The title of a song on American indie-rock band Yo La Tengo's ninth full-length album, "And Then Nothing Turned Itself Inside-Out", "Let's Save Tony Orlando's House," is based upon a telethon that McClure hosts in the episode "Marge on the Lam." In an interview with the A.V. Club, Ira Kaplan, the singer and guitarist of Yo La Tengo, states that James McNew, the band's bassist, titled a series of instrumentals from the Troy McClure filmography.


title: 2021 Green Bay Packers season

text: The 2021 season was the Green Bay Packers' 101st season in the National Football League (NFL), their 103rd overall and their third under head coach Matt LaFleur.


title: 2021 Green Bay Packers season

text: With a Week 15 win over the Baltimore Ravens, the Packers won the NFC North for the third consecutive year. With their victory over the Minnesota Vikings in Week 17, they earned home field advantage, a first round bye, and the No. 1 seed in the NFC playoffs. They also became the first team in NFL history to finish three consecutive seasons with 13 or more wins. Aaron Rodgers was also named MVP for the fourth time and the second year in a row.


title: 2021 Green Bay Packers season

text: However, their season came to an abrupt end for the third time in a row, with a 13–10 upset loss to the underdog San Francisco 49ers in the Divisional Round; this marked the Packers' fourth loss against the 49ers in the postseason and in the divisional round of the NFC playoffs since Aaron Rodgers became the starting quarterback, with it also being their second home divisional loss in the Rodgers era. This also meant the Packers only won a total of two playoff games between these three thirteen-win seasons.


title: 2021 Green Bay Packers season

text: While the Packers were able to clinch the top-seed and clinching the NFC’s best record, the Packers special teams received scrutiny during the entire season as they were ranked 32nd in the NFL by the Football Outsiders DVOA, Packer Central, and "Sports Illustrated" writer Rick Gosselin. Following the playoff loss to the 49ers, Maurice Drayton was fired as special teams coordinator.


title: 2021 Green Bay Packers season

text: The Packers start off their season with a 35-point loss to the New Orleans Saints. This took place in Jacksonville due to expected power outages to the Superdome.


title: 2021 Green Bay Packers season

text: This was the Packers' first regular season win against the Steelers since Week 17 in 1995, and their first win against them overall since Week 2 of the 2018 Preseason.


title: 2021 Green Bay Packers season

text: The Packers handed the previously undefeated Cardinals their first loss of the season following a game-ending interception by cornerback Rasul Douglas.


title: 2021 Green Bay Packers season

text: This was the Packers' first loss since Week 1 against the Saints, as star QB Aaron Rodgers missed this game due to contracting COVID-19.


title: 2021 Green Bay Packers season

text: The game was the coldest of the NFL season, with a game-time temperature of 11 degrees Fahrenheit, and a wind chill of 1 degree Fahrenheit. With the win, Green Bay clinched the #1 seed in the NFC for the second straight year, and their 3rd straight 13-win season.


title: 2021 Green Bay Packers season

text: As the result of clinching the NFC North division title and the best record in the NFC, the Packers hosted a playoff game in the Divisional round.


title: 2021 Green Bay Packers season

text: Despite leading 10–3 throughout most of the game, the Packers went on to lose 13–10 to the 49ers. During the game, the special teams received scrutiny after allowing a blocked field goal, a 32-yard kick return by JaMycal Hasty, a 45-yard return by Deebo Samuel, and blocked punt that would tie the game at 10–10 in the 4th quarter. Prior to the game, the special teams was scrutinized during the entire season as they were ranked 32nd in the NFL DVOA by football outsiders.


title: Most-wanted Iraqi playing cards

text: During the 2003 invasion of Iraq by a United States–led coalition, the U.S. Defense Intelligence Agency developed a set of playing cards to help troops identify the most-wanted members of President Saddam Hussein's government, mostly high-ranking members of the Iraqi Regional Branch of the Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party or members of the Revolutionary Command Council; among them were some of Hussein's family members. The cards were officially named the "personality identification playing cards". As of 2021, all but four of the 52 most wanted have been either killed or captured, eleven of whom have been released.


title: Most-wanted Iraqi playing cards

text: Each card contains the wanted person's address and, if available, the job performed by that individual. The highest-ranking cards, starting with the aces and kings, were used for the people at the top of the most-wanted list. The ace of spades is Saddam Hussein, the aces of clubs and hearts are his sons Qusay and Uday respectively, and the ace of diamonds is Saddam's presidential secretary Abid Hamid Mahmud al-Tikriti. This strict correspondence to the order of the most-wanted list was not carried through the entire deck, but sometime later in 2003, the list itself was renumbered to conform (almost) to the deck of cards. The card backs feature camouflage reminiscent of that seen on the Desert Camouflage Uniform.


title: Most-wanted Iraqi playing cards

text: According to US Navy Lieutenant commander Jim Brooks, a spokesman for the Defense Intelligence Agency, such playing cards have been used as far back as the American Civil War and again in World War II—Army Air Corps decks printed with the silhouettes of German and Japanese fighter aircraft fetch hundreds of dollars today—and in the Korean War. Troops often play cards to pass the time, and seeing the names, faces and titles of the wanted Iraqis during their games will help soldiers and Marines in case they run into the wanted individuals in the field, Brooks said.


title: Most-wanted Iraqi playing cards

text: The list of "Most Wanted" was the result of a multi-intelligence agency collaboration which included the Defense Intelligence Agency, Central Command, and representatives from all US Service Branch Intelligence entities. The "Most Wanted" names were then assigned to their respective cards by five US Army soldiers, 2LT Hans Mumm, SSG Shawn Mahoney, SGT Andrei Salter, SGT Scott Boehmler, and SPC Joseph Barrios, who were assigned to the Defense Intelligence Agency. The pictures used on the cards came from a number of intelligence agencies, but most were derived from "open sources". The deck of cards was first announced publicly in Iraq on 11 April 2003, in a press conference by Army Brig. Gen. Vincent Brooks, deputy director of operations at U.S. Central Command. On that same evening Max Hodges, a Houston-based entrepreneur, found and downloaded a high-resolution artwork file for the deck from a Defense Department web server. Discovering the following day that the file had vanished from the military web server he became the first eBay seller to offer the artwork file, in PDF, which could be used to reproduce the deck. He quickly contracted Gemaco Playing Card Company to print 1,000 decks for about $4,000 and started selling both the decks, in advance of receiving them from the printer, on eBay, Amazon.com and his own web site. When some of his early auctions for a $4 deck of cards quickly rose to over $120, it did not take long for other eBayers to jump on the bandwagon and print or order decks of their own to sell. In just a few days hundreds of sellers materialized and the price dropped to just a few dollars per deck.


title: Most-wanted Iraqi playing cards

text: Texas-based Liberty Playing Card Co. received an order to manufacture the cards for the U.S. Embassy in Kuwait and by claiming to be "the authorized government contractor" quickly became another popular domestic supplier for the commercial market. The U.S. military inadvertently included in the jokers the trademarked Hoyle joker owned by the United States Playing Card Company of Cincinnati, Ohio.


title: Most-wanted Iraqi playing cards

text: There are also two jokers: one lists Arab tribal titles, the other Iraqi military ranks. There are no cards for most-wanted No. 45 (was #26), Nayif Shindakh Thamir, No. 53 (was #34 – Killed in 2003 or possibly still fugitive) Husayn al-Awadi, or No. 54 (was #35) Khamis Sirhan al-Muhammad, captured on 11 January 2004. Al-Muhammad was held for six years before being released on 30 July 2010. He has since fled to Syria where most of the other six uncaptured members of the deck of cards are reported to be hiding.


title: Most-wanted Iraqi playing cards

text: The 13 June 2003 edition of the BBC One satirical news quiz, "Have I Got News for You", featured a set of the playing cards in one round, spoofing guest host Bruce Forsyth's 1980s game show "Play Your Cards Right" (the British version of the American series "Card Sharks"). The two teams played a version of the latter's main game, retitled "Play Your Iraqi Cards Right" (although during the segment it was revealed that the writers' first choice had been "Play Your Kurds Right"), with the same rules (and audience participation). Much of the humour of the round came from the reactions of the two team captains: while Paul Merton was clearly familiar with the game and greatly enjoyed it, his opponent, Ian Hislop, admitted he had never seen "Play Your Cards Right" and appeared mystified by the game's rules and etiquette (when at one point Merton and the crowd shouted the traditional cry of "lower, lower," to predict the next card in the hidden sequence, Hislop commented, "I'm not sure this programme could get much lower!")


title: Baylee Littrell

text: Baylee Wylee Littrell (born November 26, 2002) is an American country singer. His debut album, "770-Country", was released on November 15, 2019, and included songs written by Gary Baker, Corey Crowder, Seth Ennis, Tyler Hubbard, Steven Lee Olsen, Daniel Ross, and Littrell himself.


title: Baylee Littrell

text: Littrell was born on November 26, 2002, in Atlanta, Georgia, to model and actress Leighanne Wallace and Backstreet Boys member Brian Littrell. His father's cousin, Kevin Richardson, is also a member of the Backstreet Boys. He is an only child.


title: Baylee Littrell

text: Being a sports fan like his father, Littrell started playing on a Little League and basketball rec teams both coached by his father as well as karate, lacrosse, football and soccer. He also took lessons in acting, dance and cooking. When he was six, he developed Kawasaki syndrome, a collection of symptoms that stem from swollen blood vessels around his heart. His parents announced the diagnosis on Brian's official website.


title: Baylee Littrell

text: Littrell has been homeschooled since he was around seven or eight and was able to skip a grade at home and on the road. In doing so, he has been working on his schooling while performing as an actor and a singer, with his dad as his musical director and his mom as his manager. Now that he has graduated, and just released his first country album, he still plans on going to college.


title: Baylee Littrell

text: Littrell first became involved in music when he was two years old, accompanying his dad on the Never Gone Tour, but never really got into music until around first grade, when he attended band, theater, and acting camps over the summer. Later, he even started writing songs consisting of little poems, when he was 6–7. Pretty soon, his piano teacher heard him sing when he was only 6. By the time when he was 8 years old, he did a little skit with his cousin and was a band in elementary school, which lead him to realized that this is what he wants to do, follow his parents' footsteps despite them being concerned about him. He eventually started taking lessons in acting, singing, playing the piano, and learned to play the guitar from his father, Brian.


title: Baylee Littrell

text: When he was 13, his family left their Atlanta home for the Upper West Side of Manhattan while Littrell made his Broadway debut in the musical "Disaster!" playing identical twins Ben and Lisa on March 8, 2016, at the Nederlander Theatre. His performance earned him a Drama Desk nomination in 2016.


title: Baylee Littrell

text: By the time he was nine, he started opening arena shows for his dad and the Backstreet Boys around the world, usually performing two songs. When he finished his time on Broadway, he turned to his parents and announced that he wanted to start his career as a country artist, which he did, writing his songs and listening to Florida Georgia Line.


title: Baylee Littrell

text: On April 3, 2019, the Backstreet Boys announced Littrell as an opening act for their North American leg of the DNA World Tour. The tour started on July 12, 2019, in Washington D.C. at the Capital One Arena and ran through September 2019.


title: Baylee Littrell

text: Starting on October 31, 2019, Littrell joined American country music artist Chris Lane for a string of performances on his Big Big Plans tour in Cincinnati, Ohio; Louisville, Kentucky; and Atlanta, Georgia.


title: Baylee Littrell

text: On November 15, 2019, Littrell released his debut album, "770-Country", via BriLeigh Records. The album includes songwriting and production from Gary Baker, Corey Crowder, Seth Ennis, Tyler Hubbard, Steven Lee Olsen, Daniel Ross, and Littrell himself. It features singles such as "Boxes", "Don't Knock It", and "We Run This Beach".


title: Baylee Littrell

text: On July 27, Littrell joined his dad, cousin, and the rest of the Backstreet Boys in a charity Softball game in Columbus, Ohio for charity benefitting On Our Sleeves, the movement for children’s mental health powered by behavioral health experts at Nationwide Children’s Hospital.


title: Baylee Littrell

text: Littrell has said that some of his biggest musical influences include Tim McGraw (his greatest inspiration), Florida Georgia Line, George Strait, and Johnny Cash. He has said that other than his father, his favorite Backstreet Boy member is AJ McLean.


title: Baylee Littrell

text: Littrell resides near Atlanta in Alpharetta, Georgia, with his parents. He has an uncle named Harold Littrell III, a singer and actor, and his paternal grandparents are named Harold Littrell Jr. and Jacqueline "Jackie" Rhea (nee Fox).


title: William, Prince of Wales

text: William, Prince of Wales, (William Arthur Philip Louis; born 21 June 1982) is the heir apparent to the British throne. He is the elder son of King Charles III and his first wife Diana, Princess of Wales.


title: William, Prince of Wales

text: Born in London, William was educated at Wetherby School, Ludgrove School and Eton College. He earned a Scottish Master of Arts degree in geography at the University of St Andrews. William then trained at Royal Military Academy Sandhurst prior to serving with the Blues and Royals. In April 2008, William graduated from Royal Air Force College Cranwell, joining RAF Search and Rescue Force in early 2009. He served as a full-time pilot with the East Anglian Air Ambulance for two years, starting in July 2015.


title: William, Prince of Wales

text: William performs official duties and engagements on behalf of the King. He holds patronage with over 30 charitable and military organisations, including the Tusk Trust, Centrepoint, and London's Air Ambulance Charity. He undertakes projects through The Royal Foundation, with his charity work revolving around mental health, conservation, and emergency workers. In December 2014, he founded the "United for Wildlife" initiative, which aims to reduce worldwide illegal wildlife trade. In April 2016, William, his wife Catherine and his brother Harry initiated the mental health awareness campaign "Heads Together" to encourage people to open up about their mental health issues. In October 2020, William announced the launch of the Earthshot Prize, a £50 million initiative to incentivise environmental solutions over the next decade.


title: William, Prince of Wales

text: William was made Duke of Cambridge prior to his marriage to Catherine Middleton in 2011. The couple have three children: Prince George, Princess Charlotte, and Prince Louis. He became Duke of Cornwall and Duke of Rothesay following his father's accession to the throne on 8 September 2022. The following day, he was made Prince of Wales, a title reserved for the heir apparent of the monarch.


title: William, Prince of Wales

text: Prince William was born in London at St Mary's Hospital on 21 June 1982 as the first child of the Prince of Wales (later King Charles III) and his first wife, Diana, Princess of Wales, during the reign of his grandmother, Queen Elizabeth II. Buckingham Palace announced his name, William Arthur Philip Louis, on 28 June. On 4 August, the 82nd birthday of his paternal great-grandmother, Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother, he was baptised in the Music Room of Buckingham Palace by the Archbishop of Canterbury, Robert Runcie. William had six godparents: former King Constantine II of Greece (his paternal second cousin once removed); Princess Alexandra, The Honourable Mrs Ogilvy (his paternal first cousin twice removed); the Duchess of Westminster; Lady Susan Hussey; Lord Romsey (his paternal second cousin once removed); and Sir Laurens van der Post.


title: William, Prince of Wales

text: He was the first child born to a Prince and Princess of Wales since Prince John was born to Prince George and Princess Mary (later King George V and Queen Mary) in 1905. When he was nine months old, William accompanied his parents on their 1983 tour of Australia and New Zealand, as his first trip overseas. William's younger brother, Prince Harry, was born in 1984. William and Harry were raised at Kensington Palace in London, and Highgrove House in Gloucestershire. Known informally as "Wills" within the family, William was nicknamed "Wombat" by his mother, who wished him and his brother to obtain broader life experiences than those usually available to royal children. She took them to Walt Disney World and McDonald's, AIDS clinics, shelters for the homeless, and bought them items typically owned by teenagers, such as video games. Diana was reported to have described William as "my little wise old man" on whom she started to rely as her confidant by his early teens. William and Harry travelled to Canada on an official visit with their parents in 1991 and again with Prince Charles in 1998.


title: William, Prince of Wales

text: William's parents divorced in 1996. Diana died in a car accident in the early hours of 31 August 1997. William, then aged 15, together with his 12-year-old brother and their father, was staying at Balmoral Castle at the time. William and Harry were informed of their mother's death by their father Prince Charles, the following morning. At his mother's funeral, William and his brother walked alongside their father, paternal grandfather Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, and maternal uncle Charles Spencer, 9th Earl Spencer, behind the funeral cortège from Kensington Palace to Westminster Abbey.


title: William, Prince of Wales

text: William was educated at independent schools, starting at Jane Mynors' nursery school and the pre-preparatory Wetherby School, both in London. Following this, he attended Ludgrove School near Wokingham, Berkshire, and was privately tutored during summers by Rory Stewart. At Ludgrove, he participated in football, swimming, basketball, clay pigeon shooting, and cross country running. He sat the entrance exam to Eton College and was admitted. There, he studied geography, biology, and history of art at A-Level, obtaining an 'A' in geography, a 'C' in biology, and a 'B' in history of art. Having already swum competitively at Ludgrove, he became captain of the swimming team at Eton. He also took up water polo and continued to play football, captaining his house team.


title: William, Prince of Wales

text: The decision to place William at Eton went against the family tradition of sending royal children to Gordonstoun, which his grandfather, father, two uncles, and two cousins all attended. Diana's father and brother both attended Eton. The royal family and the tabloid press agreed that William would be allowed to study free from intrusion in exchange for regular updates about his life. John Wakeham, chairman of the Press Complaints Commission, said of the arrangement, "Prince William is not an institution; nor a soap star; nor a football hero. He is a boy: in the next few years, perhaps the most important and sometimes painful part of his life, he will grow up and become a man."


title: William, Prince of Wales

text: After completing his studies at Eton, William took a gap year, during which he took part in British Army training exercises in Belize, worked on English dairy farms, and visited Africa. As part of the Raleigh International programme in the town of Tortel in southern Chile, for ten weeks William worked on local construction projects and taught English. He lived with other young volunteers, sharing in the common household chores—including cleaning the toilet—and also volunteered as a guest disc jockey at a local radio station. His interest in African culture prompted him to teach himself Swahili.


title: William, Prince of Wales

text: By 2001, William was back in the United Kingdom and had enrolled at the University of St Andrews. Similar to his time at Eton, the media agreed not to invade William's privacy, and students were warned not to leak stories about him to the press. The extra attention did not deter him; he embarked on a degree course in Art History, later changing his main subject to Geography. William wrote his dissertation on the coral reefs of Rodrigues in the Indian Ocean and graduated with an undergraduate Master of Arts (MA Hons) degree with upper second class honours in 2005. While at university, he represented the Scottish national universities water polo team at the Celtic Nations tournament in 2004. He was known as "Steve" by other students to avoid any journalists overhearing and realising his identity. William returned to St Andrews alongside his wife in February 2011 as patron of the university's 600th Anniversary Appeal.


title: William, Prince of Wales

text: Upon graduation from university, William interned in land management at Chatsworth House and in banking at HSBC. To prepare for his eventual management of the Duchy of Cornwall, in 2014, he enrolled in a vocational agricultural management course at Cambridge, which was organised by the Cambridge Programme for Sustainability Leadership (CPSL), of which his father is patron. According to a CNN report in 2014, the duchy is "a £760 million (about US$1.25 billion) entity established in 1337 to provide a private income for use by the reigning monarch's eldest son", which William inherited when his father became king in 2022.


title: William, Prince of Wales

text: Having decided to follow a military career, William was admitted to the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst in January 2006. As "Lieutenant Wales"—a name based on his father's title Prince of Wales—he followed his younger brother into the Blues and Royals as a troop commander in an armoured reconnaissance unit, after which he spent five months training for the post at Bovington Camp, Dorset.


title: William, Prince of Wales

text: William's position as second-in-line to the throne at the time and the convention of ministers advising against placing that person into dangerous situations cast doubts on his chances of seeing combat, which increased after Prince Harry's deployment was cancelled in 2007 due to "specific threats". William, instead, went on to train in the Royal Navy and Royal Air Force, obtaining his commission as a sub-lieutenant in the former and flying officer in the latter—both broadly equivalent to the army rank of lieutenant.


title: William, Prince of Wales

text: After completing his training, William undertook an attachment with the Royal Air Force at RAF Cranwell. Upon completing the course he was presented with his RAF wings by his father, who had received his own wings after training at Cranwell. During this secondment, William flew to Afghanistan in a C-17 Globemaster that repatriated the body of Trooper Robert Pearson. William was then seconded to train with the Royal Navy. He completed an accelerated Naval Officer training course at the Britannia Royal Naval College. Whilst serving on HMS "Iron Duke" in June 2008, William participated in a £40m drug seizure in the Atlantic, north-east of Barbados. He was a part of the crew on the Lynx helicopter which helped seize 900 kg of cocaine from a speedboat.


title: William, Prince of Wales

text: In January 2009, William transferred his commission to the RAF and was promoted to Flight Lieutenant. He trained to become a helicopter pilot with the RAF's Search and Rescue Force. In January 2010, he graduated from the Defence Helicopter Flying School at RAF Shawbury. On 26 January 2010, he transferred to the Search and Rescue Training Unit at RAF Valley, Anglesey, to receive training on the Sea King search and rescue helicopter; he graduated in September 2010. This made him the first member of the British royal family since Henry VII to live in Wales.


title: William, Prince of Wales

text: William's first rescue mission as co-pilot of an RAF Sea King was a response to an emergency call from Liverpool Coastguard on 2 October 2010. In November 2011, he participated in a search-and-rescue mission involving a cargo ship that was sinking in the Irish Sea; William, as a co-pilot, helped rescue two sailors.


title: William, Prince of Wales

text: William was deployed to the Falkland Islands for a six-week tour with No. 1564 Flight from February to March 2012. The Argentine government condemned William's deployment to the islands close to the 30th anniversary of the beginning of the Falklands War as a "provocative act". In June 2012, Prince William gained a qualification to be captain or pilot in command of a Sea King rather than a co-pilot. His active service as an RAF search-and-rescue pilot ended in September 2013. He later became patron to the Battle of Britain Memorial Flight.


title: William, Prince of Wales

text: In 2014, it was announced that William would accept a full-time role as a pilot with the East Anglian Air Ambulance (EAAA) based at Cambridge Airport. Despite his qualifications as a military helicopter pilot, William needed a civil pilot's licence and further training before being permitted to take command of the Air Ambulance. Although his position was paid, Kensington Palace announced that William would donate his full salary to the EAAA charity. He underwent part of his training as an EAAA pilot at Norwich Airport. On 13 July 2015, William started his new job, which he felt was a natural progression from his previous role as an RAF search-and-rescue pilot. William described working irregular shifts and dealing mostly with critical care cases. He also publicly discussed the consequences, witnessing intensive trauma and bereavement as an emergency worker, stating that it impacted his mental health and personal life. The BBC has written that William was "exposed to the National Health Service in a way that no other senior royal has been or possibly ever will be."


title: William, Prince of Wales

text: William left his position with EAAA in July 2017 to assume full-time royal duties on behalf of his grandmother. After supporting an anniversary campaign for London's Air Ambulance Charity in 2019, he became the charity's official patron in March 2020. In May 2020, he granted permission to the charity to use Kensington Palace's private lawn to refuel during the COVID-19 pandemic. To mark Air Ambulance Week 2020, he wrote a letter thanking air ambulance workers, stating his "profound respect" for the community, particularly during the "immeasurably difficult" outbreak, and stated that "the country owes you an enormous debt of gratitude."


title: William, Prince of Wales

text: In 2001, William met Catherine Middleton while they were students in residence at St Salvator's Hall at the University of St Andrews. She reportedly caught William's attention at a charity fashion show on campus. The couple began dating in 2003. During their second year, William shared a flat with Middleton and two other friends. From 2003 to 2005, they both resided at Balgove House on the Strathtyrum estate with two roommates. In 2004, the couple briefly split but continued their relationship soon afterwards.


title: William, Prince of Wales

text: Their relationship was followed so closely by the tabloid press that bookmakers took bets on the possibility of marriage, and the retail chain Woolworths produced memorabilia bearing their likenesses. Media attention became so intense that William asked the press to keep their distance from Middleton. On 15 December 2006, Middleton attended Prince William's Passing Out Parade at the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst.


title: William, Prince of Wales

text: In April 2007, William and Middleton ended their relationship. Middleton and her family attended the Concert for Diana in July 2007 at Wembley Stadium, where she and Prince William sat two rows apart. The couple were subsequently seen together in public on a number of occasions and news sources stated that they had "rekindled their relationship". Middleton was in attendance during the Order of the Garter procession ceremony at Windsor Castle in June 2008, where Prince William was made a Royal Knight of the Garter. In June 2010, the couple moved into a cottage on the Bodorgan Estate in Anglesey, Wales, where William resided during his RAF search-and-rescue training and subsequent career.


title: William, Prince of Wales

text: On 16 November 2010, Clarence House announced that William and Catherine were to marry; the couple had become engaged in Kenya in October. The engagement ring given by William to Catherine had belonged to his mother. The wedding took place in Westminster Abbey, London, on 29 April 2011. A few hours before the ceremony, William's new titles Duke of Cambridge, Earl of Strathearn, and Baron Carrickfergus were announced. The global audience for the wedding was estimated to be 300 million or more, with 26 million people watching the event live in the United Kingdom alone. The couple were given the country home, Anmer Hall, on the Sandringham Estate, as a wedding gift from the Queen. Following their marriage in 2011, William and Catherine used Nottingham Cottage as their London residence. They moved into the four-storey, 20-room Apartment 1A at Kensington Palace in 2013. The £4.5 million renovation took 18 months. Kensington Palace became the couple's main residence in 2017, moving from their country home, Anmer Hall. In 2022, it was announced that the couple, along with their children, would move to Adelaide Cottage in Windsor.


title: William, Prince of Wales

text: Catherine's first pregnancy was announced on 3 December 2012. She was admitted on 22 July 2013 to the Lindo Wing of St Mary's Hospital, London, where Prince William had been delivered. Later that day, she gave birth to Prince George. On 8 September 2014, it was announced that Catherine was pregnant with her second child. She was admitted on 2 May 2015 to the same hospital and gave birth to Princess Charlotte. Catherine's third pregnancy was announced on 4 September 2017; Prince Louis was born on 23 April 2018.


title: William, Prince of Wales

text: William and Catherine have owned two English Cocker Spaniels, named Lupo and Orla. William is the godfather of Prince Constantine Alexios of Greece and Denmark (b. 1998), a distant relation through his grandfather, the Duke of Edinburgh, and Mia Tindall (b. 2014), the eldest child of his paternal cousin, Zara Tindall.


title: William, Prince of Wales

text: William and his brother Harry inherited the "bulk" of the £12.9 million left by their mother on their respective 30th birthdays, a figure that had grown since her 1997 death to £10 million each in 2014. In 2002, "The Times" reported that William would also share with his brother a payment of £4.9 million from trust funds established by their great-grandmother, Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother, on their respective 21st birthdays and would share a payment of £8 million upon their respective 40th birthdays. It was reported that Harry would inherit the bulk of the money left by the Queen Mother for the two brothers, as William is set to ascend to the throne which will bring him more financial benefits. As the eldest son of the King, William has inherited the Duchy of Cornwall, which brings him an additional income.


title: William, Prince of Wales

text: In 2014, the brothers inherited their mother's wedding dress along with many other of her personal possessions including dresses, diamond tiaras, jewels, letters, and paintings. The brothers also received the original lyrics and score of "Candle in the Wind" by Bernie Taupin and Elton John as performed by John at Diana's funeral.


title: William, Prince of Wales

text: On 3 June 1991, William was admitted to Royal Berkshire Hospital after being accidentally hit on the forehead by a fellow pupil wielding a golf club. He suffered a depressed fracture of the skull and was operated on at Great Ormond Street Hospital, resulting in a permanent scar. News of this incident spread quickly and media reporters descended on Ludgrove School to seek the name of the boy who had swung the golf club, but nobody divulged the name after the headmaster briefed his pupils and swore them to silence. In a 2009 interview, he dubbed the resulting scar a "Harry Potter scar" and said, "I call it that because it glows sometimes and some people notice it—other times they don't notice it at all". In 1999, he underwent an operation on his left hand after he broke a finger.


title: William, Prince of Wales

text: On 1 November 2020, it was reported that William had tested positive for COVID-19 in April but decided not to alert the media to 'avoid alarming the nation'. "The Daily Telegraph" reported he had been "very ill" and had isolated away from his family; other sources say that he had not been seriously ill, not bed-ridden and working for most of the time.


title: William, Prince of Wales

text: At the age of 21, William was appointed a Counsellor of State; he first served in that capacity when the Queen attended the Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting in 2003. On his 21st birthday, William accompanied his father on a visit to Wales, visiting the Anglesey Food Festival and opening a centre for the homeless in Newport. Upon graduating from university, William began royal duties in support of, and on behalf of, the Queen at official events, public engagements, and overseas tours. In July 2005, he embarked on his first solo overseas tour, travelling to New Zealand to participate in World War II commemorations. For the 30th anniversary of his father's charity The Prince's Trust, William and his brother were jointly interviewed for the first time by television personalities Ant & Dec. According to author Tina Brown, he had, like his father, expressed a desire to become Governor-General of Australia. Prime Minister of Australia John Howard expressed his wish for the position to be held by an Australian citizen. In 2009, the Queen set up a private office for William with David Manning as his adviser. Manning accompanied him in January 2010 as he toured Auckland and Wellington; William opened the new building of the Supreme Court of New Zealand and was welcomed by a Māori chief.


title: William, Prince of Wales

text: In June 2010, William and his brother visited Botswana, Lesotho, and South Africa, visiting projects relating to wildlife, sport, and young children. In November 2010, he attended a memorial service held on Remembrance Day at Camp Bastion, Afghanistan. In March 2011, William visited Christchurch, New Zealand, shortly after the earthquake, and spoke at the memorial service at Hagley Park on behalf of his grandmother. He also travelled to Australia to visit areas affected by flooding in Queensland and Victoria. In April 2011, "Time" magazine selected him as one of the 100 Most Influential People in the World. In May 2011, William and Catherine met with U.S President Barack Obama and First Lady Michelle Obama at Buckingham Palace. The couple toured Canada in summer 2011, attending Canada Day celebrations on Parliament Hill. On 2 November, the couple visited the UNICEF Supply Division for malnourished children in Copenhagen, Denmark.


title: William, Prince of Wales

text: William and Catherine served as ambassadors for the 2012 Summer Olympics in London, during multiple sporting events throughout the games. In September 2012, they toured Singapore, Malaysia, Tuvalu, and the Solomon Islands as part of the Queen's Diamond Jubilee celebrations. William and Catherine attended further commemorations of the Jubilee throughout the year, including the Thames Diamond Jubilee Pageant in July. The Prince hosted his first investiture ceremony at Buckingham Palace in October 2013. In April 2014, William and Catherine undertook a royal tour to New Zealand and Australia with their son, Prince George. The itinerary included visiting the Plunket Society for children and visiting fire-damaged areas in New South Wales. In June 2014, the couple visited France to attend the commemoration of the 70th anniversary of the Normandy landings at Gold Beach. In September 2014, William visited Malta to commemorate its 50th independence anniversary, substituting for his wife after the announcement of her second pregnancy. On 21 October, William and Catherine met the President of Singapore, Tony Tan, during his state visit to the UK. In December 2014, he met with President Obama in the Oval Office, and made a speech at the World Bank in Washington, D. C., condemning the illegal trade in wildlife. In December 2014, the couple visited New York and attended a charity dinner at the Metropolitan Museum of Art.


title: William, Prince of Wales

text: In February 2015, William visited Japan, meeting with Emperor Akihito and Empress Michiko at the Imperial Palace and visiting survivors devastated by the 2011 tsunami. From 1 to 4 March, he visited the Chinese cities Beijing, Shanghai, and Yunnan and met with President Xi Jinping. It was the first royal visit to mainland China in almost three decades. In April 2016, William and his wife undertook a tour to India and Bhutan. Activities included visiting children's charities such as Childline India, as well as a visit to Lingkana Palace. Later that month, the couple met again with the Obamas at Kensington Palace. In April 2016, William and Catherine toured to India and Bhutan. The couple toured Canada once again in September 2016. In November 2016, he visited Vietnam, meeting with Prime Minister Nguyen Xuan Phuc and touring local primary schools. Countries visited by the couple in 2017 include France, Poland, Germany, and Belgium. In January 2018, the couple visited Sweden and Norway. The visits, which were, like others, requested by the Foreign Office, were interpreted to benefit UK-European relations post Brexit. In June 2018, William toured Jordan, Israel and Palestine.


title: William, Prince of Wales

text: In February 2019, William and Catherine carried out a two-day visit of Northern Ireland, visiting Belfast, Fermanagh, and Ballymena. In March and April 2019, William spent three weeks working for MI6, MI5 and GCHQ. William and Catherine toured Pakistan in October 2019, which was the royal family's first visit to the country in 13 years. In December 2019, William visited Kuwait and Oman, commemorating the 120th anniversary of the Anglo-Kuwaiti Agreement of 1899. In March 2020, the couple carried out a three-day tour of Ireland, visiting County Meath, Kildare, and Galway. In October 2020, the couple met Volodymyr Zelensky, the President of Ukraine, and First Lady Olena Zelenska, at Buckingham Palace, the first royal engagement held at the residence since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic. In December, the couple embarked on a three-day tour of England, Scotland, and Wales via the British royal train "to pay tribute to the inspiring work of individuals, organisations and initiatives across the country" in 2020. Prime Minister Boris Johnson expressed his support for the initiative, while First Minister of Scotland Nicola Sturgeon criticised the tour, citing travel restrictions; UK, Scottish and Welsh governments were consulted before planning the tour. In William's capacity as Lord High Commissioner to the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland, the couple toured Edinburgh, Fife and Orkney in May 2021. In Cornwall on 11 June 2021, William and Catherine attended the G7 summit for the first time. They also attended a reception, where William and his father discussed governmental and corporate solutions to environmental problems.


title: William, Prince of Wales

text: In March 2022, William and Catherine embarked on a tour of Belize, The Bahamas and Jamaica as part of the Queen's Platinum Jubilee celebrations. They encountered criticism from a number of political figures and the press, given the British royal family's ancestral connections to colonialism and the Atlantic slave trade. Reparations for slavery emerged as a major demand of protesters during the couple's visit. During the visit, Jamaican prime minister Andrew Holness told the couple that the country planned to become a republic. William assured that the royal family would accept each country's decision with "pride and respect". During the unveiling of the National Windrush Monument in London, William described the Caribbean tour as "an opportunity to reflect" on "the different issues that matter most to the people of the region", and referring to the Windrush scandal, he condemned the racism faced by members of the Windrush generation and discrimination against minorities in 2022.


title: William, Prince of Wales

text: In May 2022, William attended the State Opening of Parliament for the first time as a counsellor of state, where his father the Prince of Wales delivered the Queen's Speech on behalf of William's grandmother. On 10 September 2022, he attended the Proclamation Council of King Charles III, and he served as a witness together with his stepmother Queen Camilla. On 27 September 2022, William and Catherine visited Anglesey and Swansea, which marked their first visit to Wales since becoming Prince and Princess of Wales.


title: William, Prince of Wales

text: William became aware of HIV/AIDS in the mid-1990s when he accompanied his mother and brother on visits to shelters and clinics for patients. In January 2005, William and his brother volunteered at a British Red Cross aid distribution centre to pack emergency supplies for countries affected by the 2004 Boxing Day tsunami. In 2005, William worked in the children's unit at The Royal Marsden Hospital, his mother's former patronage, for two days of work experience; he also assisted in the medical research, catering, and fundraising departments. In May that year, he spent two weeks in North Wales with Mountain Rescue England and Wales (MREW). In May 2007, William became patron of MREW and president of The Royal Marsden Hospital, the latter of which was a role previously held by his mother.


title: William, Prince of Wales

text: In 2007, William and Harry organised the Concert for Diana, in memory of their mother, which benefitted the charities and patronages of Diana, William, and Harry. In October 2008, William and his brother embarked on the 1,000 mile eight-day Enduro Africa motorbike ride across South Africa to raise money for Sentebale, UNICEF and the Nelson Mandela Children's Fund. In 2010, he also became a patron of 100 Women in Hedge Funds Philanthropic Initiatives. William succeeded Lord Attenborough in 2010 as the fifth president of the British Academy of Film and Television Arts. In March 2011, William and Catherine set up a gift fund held by The Foundation of Prince William and Prince Harry to allow well-wishers who wanted to give them a wedding gift to donate money to charities instead. The gift fund supported 26 charities of the couple's choice, incorporating the armed forces, children, the elderly, art, sport and conservation. The charity has since been renamed The Royal Foundation.


title: William, Prince of Wales

text: William has spoken out for LGBT rights as part of his work against cyberbullying, stating the importance of being "proud of the person you are" and discussing the effects of online abuse and discrimination. In 2016, he appeared in the July issue of "Attitude" and became the first member of the royal family to be featured on the cover of a gay magazine. He was recognised at the British LGBT Awards in May 2017.


title: William, Prince of Wales

text: In March 2020, William appeared in a video for the National Emergencies Trust, launching a fundraising appeal to help charities during the pandemic. The appeal raised £11 million in its first week, eventually totalling to £90 million, with the money going out to "front line charities" and to the UK Community Foundations to be distributed among "local community foundations". In April 2020, he officially became the patron of the organisation. In April 2020, he made a surprise appearance in "The Big Night In", a 20 April 2020 telethon held during the COVID-19 pandemic, in a skit which he held a video call with Stephen Fry, who revised his role as (a descendant of) Lord Melchett, from the "Blackadder" series.


title: William, Prince of Wales

text: In May and June 2020, the couple, alongside their children, delivered food parcels made on the Sandringham Estate to local isolated pensioners during the COVID-19 pandemic. In October 2020, William laid the foundation stone of the hospital's Oak Cancer Centre, 30 years after his mother did the same for their Chelsea Wing in 1990. In December 2020, William and his wife became joint patrons of NHS Charities Together.


title: William, Prince of Wales

text: In February 2021, William visited a vaccination centre in King's Lynn and later encouraged use of the vaccine, denouncing false information that could cause vaccine hesitancy. In May 2021, he got his first dose of COVID-19 vaccine by NHS staff at the Science Museum in London. In September 2021, it was reported that William had helped an Afghan officer who was a graduate of the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst and an assistant to the British troops be evacuated from the Kabul airport along with more than 10 members of his family amid the 2021 Taliban offensive.


title: William, Prince of Wales

text: In March 2022 and amid the Russian invasion of Ukraine, William and Catherine made a donation to help the refugees.


title: William, Prince of Wales

text: Prince William became a patron of the Tusk Trust in December 2005, a charity that works towards conserving wildlife and initiating community development, including providing education, across Africa. He became associated with the organisation after he witnessed its work first hand in Africa. Stating that "rural African initiatives that foster education, responsibility and participation in the local community light the way to conservation", he carried out his first official duty with the trust in launching a bike ride across the African continent in 2008. Later, William helped with launching the Tusk Conservation Awards, which have been presented to selected environmental activists annually since 2013. William has occasionally commented on the effects of overpopulation on the wildlife of Africa, but his remarks have been criticised for not taking resource consumption and population density into consideration, both of which affect wildlife in rich and developed countries. In 2013, he succeeded his grandfather Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, as president of the UK charity Fields in Trust. He established the United for Wildlife Transport Taskforce in December 2014, with the goal of reducing global illegal wildlife trade.


title: William, Prince of Wales

text: After two years of research, William launched the Earthshot Prize in October 2020, designed to provide funding and incentive for environmental solutions over the next decade. The Prize is slated to be given every year from 2021 until 2030 to five winners each year, in accordance with five categories detailing the restoration of nature, air cleanliness, ocean conservation, waste-free living, and climate change. The selection process will be performed by the Prince, alongside a council of judges from six continents, overseen by a panel of experts. The first awards ceremony is slated to take place in London in autumn 2021. Following the launch, William gave a TED Talk on environmental protection and conservation as part of the TED Countdown climate change initiative. Later that month, William took over the patronages of Fauna and Flora International and the British Trust for Ornithology, passed on from the Queen and Prince Philip. In the same month, he appeared in an ITV documentary titled "Prince William: A Planet For Us All" to discuss environmental issues.


title: William, Prince of Wales

text: In early 2021, William made a private donation to the Thin Green Line Foundation, which provides grants for the relatives of conservation park rangers that are killed every year while protecting wildlife. In July 2022, William condemned the murder of South African park ranger Anton Mzimba and asked for the responsible parties to "be brought to justice". In August 2022, he voiced his support for the 63-month prison sentence given in the United States to a man responsible for trafficking rhinoceros horns and elephant ivory, calling it "a significant victory". He had previously called for harsher punishments and penalties for poachers and smugglers at the Illegal Wildlife Trade Conference in 2018.


title: William, Prince of Wales

text: Since 2009, William has been the patron of Child Bereavement UK, which provides support for children and families who have lost a loved one. In 2016, the Royal Foundation launched multiple mental health initiatives, including Heads Together, a campaign led by William, Catherine and Prince Harry to de-stigmatise mental health. Legacy programmes include Mental Health at Work, launched in September 2018 to change the approach to workplace mental health in the UK, as well as Heads Up, launched in May 2019 in partnership with the Football Association, utilising football to affect the conversation surrounding mental health in adults. Later that month, the couple together with William's brother and sister-in-law launched Shout, the UK's first 24/7 text messaging service for those who suffer from mental issues. William later volunteered on the crisis helpline during the COVID-19 lockdowns to provide support via text message. In October 2019, the Prince, together with other members of the royal family, voiced a PSA video for Public Health England "as part of its Every Mind Matters program". William attributes his interest in mental health to his experiences as an air ambulance pilot, his work with the homeless, veterans' welfare, and his wife's anti-addiction advocacy.


title: William, Prince of Wales

text: In late March 2020, William and Catherine began supporting a new mental health initiative by the Public Health England amidst the coronavirus pandemic. In April 2020, the couple announced Our Frontline, an initiative providing mental health support to emergency medical workers. In May 2020, the couple's recorded radio message for Mental Health Awareness Week was broadcast across all the stations in the UK. In June 2020, William stated that he had been serving as a volunteer on the Shout hotline during the pandemic. In September 2020, he established the Emergency Responders Senior Leaders Board, commissioned by the foundation to research the mental health and wellbeing of emergency responders. The project is in partnership with King's College London and the Open University.


title: William, Prince of Wales

text: To commemorate World Mental Health Day on 11 October 2021, William and Catherine posted a message on Instagram, sharing several organisations that support those who are struggling with mental health. In May 2021 and 2022, William and Catherine voiced the Mental Health Minute message, which was broadcast on every radio station in the UK on and asked people to help individuals around them that suffer from loneliness. In October 2022 and to mark the World Mental Health Day, the couple took over "Newsbeat" and interviewed four guests on topics related to mental health.


title: William, Prince of Wales

text: In September 2005, William granted his patronage to Centrepoint, a charity that assists the homeless. In December 2009, he, as part of a Centrepoint-organised event, spent the night sleeping bag near the Blackfriars Bridge to raise awareness of the experiences of homeless youth. The Prince opened their new facility, Apprenticeship House, in November 2019 to mark their 50-year anniversary.


title: William, Prince of Wales

text: William has been patron of homelessness charity The Passage since 2019 after first visiting the centre in 1992 with his mother. In October 2020, he wrote the introduction to the organisation's 40th-anniversary fundraising cookbook, discussing the importance of helping victims of homelessness during the COVID-19 pandemic. In December 2020, William volunteered at the charity to help prepare donation bags for homeless residents in emergency hotel accommodations and spoke with residents about their experiences. In March 2022, he was spotted selling copies of "The Big Issue" on the streets, copies of which are usually sold by homeless and unemployed people to collect money.


title: William, Prince of Wales

text: William often plays polo to raise money for charity. He is a fan of football, and supports the English club Aston Villa. He became President of England's Football Association in May 2006 and vice-royal patron of the Welsh Rugby Union (WRU) in February 2007, supporting the Queen as patron. The same year, the WRU's decision to name a new cup for test matches between Wales and South Africa the Prince William Cup caused controversy; some believed it would have been more appropriate to name it after Ray Gravell. In December 2010, William and Prime Minister David Cameron attended a meeting with FIFA vice-president Chung Mong-joon at which Chung suggested a vote-trading deal for the right to host the 2018 World Cup in England. The English delegation reported the suggestion to FIFA's ethics investigator because they considered vote-swapping to be a violation of anti-collusion rules. In 2011, William as President of the English FA, voted against Australia's 2022 FIFA bid and instead voted for South Korea; despite being the country's future heir. In 2020, again as President of the English FA, he voted against the joint Australia–New Zealand 2023 FIFA Women's World Cup bid and instead voted for Colombia.