title: Moana Pozzi

text: In 1986, Pozzi met Riccardo Schicchi, manager of Diva Futura. Her first A-movie in hard core was "Fantastica Moana", where she used her real name for the first time. She also starred in "Curve Deliziose" ("Delicious Curves") next to Cicciolina and others, the first live show in Italy where naked models would masturbate onstage. This caused scandal and accusations of outrageous obscenity. She became famous in the hardcore pornography business and eclipsed the popularity of Cicciolina in Italy. At the same time Cicciolina stopped doing porn in order to pursue a political career in the Italian Parliament. Pozzi's appearances on television also caused scandal. In the show "Matrjoska" by Antonio Ricci, she used to appear on stage completely naked or just wrapped in a transparent plastic veil. She became increasingly featured in magazines and newspapers and often appeared on the front page and magazine covers. She was also appreciated for her distinctive intelligence, defying the cliché of the brainless pinup. She cultivated intellectuals, writers, and artists such as Mario Schifano or Dario Bellezza.


title: Moana Pozzi

text: Pozzi was conscious of her role in show business. In interviews she always spoke of what she wanted to be for public opinion: sexy, sophisticated, intelligent, open-minded, worldly.


title: Moana Pozzi

text: In 1991, Pozzi published her first book "Moana's Philosophy" where she listed, with marks from 4 to 9.5, twenty famous celebrities who had been her lovers. The list included actors such as Robert De Niro, Harvey Keitel, Roberto Benigni and Massimo Troisi, soccer players like Paulo Roberto Falcão and Marco Tardelli, writers including Luciano De Crescenzo. The name of the most famous one, the prime minister Bettino Craxi, who was her lover in 1981, was hidden as "the politician".


title: Moana Pozzi

text: In 1992, Pozzi co-founded, with Hungarian Ilona Staller "Cicciolina", the Love Party of Italy, whose political program included legalization of brothels, better sex education and the creation of "love parks". She ran for the mayor of Rome and received about 1 per cent of votes. No one was elected, but her popularity reached its pinnacle and the various Italian TV anchors wanted to interview her. Stylist Karl Lagerfeld wanted her on the catwalk in 1993. Pozzi became so popular that she was a protagonist for an animated cartoon created by the Italian cartoonist Mario Verger, with herself co-directing. This film, entitled "Moanaland" (1994), aired frequently on Italian television in "", and in broadcasts dedicated to the actress. Again Verger, by himself, dedicated to Pozzi another cartoon, "I Remember Moana", 1995, that gained praise by film critics Marco Giusti and Enrico Ghezzi, and was transmitted in "Fuori Orario". It also won a Special Mention at the Erotic Film Festival in the US.


title: Moana Pozzi

text: Pozzi performed in about 100 porn movies, mostly in Italy, but also some in Los Angeles with Gerard Damiano as director. She sold about 1 million videotapes. She was on the covers of 50 major magazines, not including pictorials in porn magazines. She was reportedly worth more than Lire 50 billion (1990 prices), about 26 million Euros.


title: Moana Pozzi

text: In 1994, Pozzi fell ill, unable to eat without vomiting, and losing weight. She took time off from work to travel with her husband Antonio Di Ciesco to India and then to France. She died in Lyon, France, on 15 September 1994, at the age of 33, reportedly of liver cancer. The cause of her death has been a subject of debate, with numerous suggestions being made, ranging from Pozzi being a spy for the KGB, killed by exposure to radioactive polonium, to dying from the result of assisted suicide orchestrated by her husband. Some people have questioned whether or not Pozzi died, and believe she may have faked her death to escape fame. In 2006, over a decade after her death, the Italian crime show "Chi l'ha visto?" aired her death certificate which showed she had indeed died of liver cancer, along with her cremation certificate, showing her ashes had been given to family members. Despite the release of paperwork and interviews with family members, the public and media has continued to speculate on how or if Pozzi died.


title: Moana Pozzi

text: In 2006, Simone Pozzi revealed to the public that he was her son, not her brother as he had been raised to believe. As told by him, he was born in 1979, just a few weeks before his mother's 18th birthday, and was told growing up that his grandparents were his parents and that his mother was his older sister, to avoid the scandal of an out-of-wedlock birth in the family. Pozzi's mother confirmed the claims. Later that year, he, along with investigative journalist Francesca Parravicini, published a book about Pozzi's personality, career and relationships titled "Moana, tutta la verità" (English: "Moana, the Whole Truth").


title: Moana Pozzi

text: Pozzi was a popular and beloved figure in Italy and made a name for herself outside of the pornography industry. Following her death, The New Yorker remarked on the country being in mourning as the result of her passing and the Archbishop of Naples gave a homily in her honor. During her lifetime, Pozzi supported LGBT rights, denounced the Mafia, and campaigned for legalization of sex work. Upon her death, she left much of her fortune to cancer research. Since she remains a well-known figure in Italy, the Walt Disney Company made the decision to release the animated film "Moana" as "Oceania" in Italy and changed the title character's name to Vaiana for that localization.


title: Moana Pozzi

text: In 2009 a miniseries based on her life was directed by Alfredo Peyretti and starred Violante Placido in the title role.


title: Moana Pozzi

text: In 2010 her former manager Riccardo Schicchi produced and directed "I Segreti di Moana" ("The Secrets of Moana"), in which the title role was played by Vittoria Risi.


title: Weverse

text: Weverse (also stylized as WeVerse; : romanized: "wibeoseu") is a Korean mobile app and web platform created by South Korean entertainment company Hybe Corporation. The app specializes in hosting multimedia content and artist-to-fan communications for musicians. Its accompanying e-commerce app, Weverse Shop (formerly known as Weply), sells subscriptions for content on Weverse, artist-related products, and merchandise.


title: Weverse

text: Weverse hosts a variety of free and subscription content including educational and entertainment videos, Instagram Story-style updates, and artist-to-fan interactions and platforms for users to connect with each other. The app is also used to publish official statements by Hybe (formerly Big Hit Entertainment) on behalf of artists in its labels.


title: Weverse

text: The software was developed by Hybe's technology subsidiary Weverse Company (formerly beNX). By March 2020, Weverse had 1.4 million daily users and Weverse Shop over 1.8 million users from 200 countries. As of 2022, Weverse has over 6.8 million monthly users.


title: Weverse

text: The app was developed by Weverse Company (formerly beNX), a subsidiary technology company of Hybe Corporation (formerly Big Hit Entertainment) specializing in digital platforms and customer service. According to Weverse Company president, Seo Wooseok, the app was developed to offer a platform for K-pop artists to interact with fans "on a deeper level" than that offered by YouTube or Twitter, which emphasize content delivery over communication. Hybe co-CEO Lenzo Yoon characterized the app as a "one-stop service within the music industry."


title: Weverse

text: According to Jenny Zha, CEO of the digital media consultancy firm Infinitize, K-pop "market leaders like BTS", who have amassed significant fan followings, no longer need to focus on being discovered but rather on monetization and ownership of their content. Zha, in an interview with "Billboard", explained that "labels want to [...] create an asset they can own and mobilize for other artists and ventures because they know that fans will follow to where the content is. It creates more security for the label for the long term."


title: Weverse

text: News of the app's development was first announced in October 2019 through an advertisement shown at the beginning of BTS's three-day "Love Yourself: Speak Yourself" stadium tour in Seoul, South Korea. The advertisement played simultaneously to 130,000 in-person concertgoers, as well as viewers watching via live-stream and in movie theaters.


title: Weverse

text: On January 27, 2021, Naver Corporation announced the transfer of their V-Live service to Weverse Company and its integration with the Weverse platform.


title: Weverse

text: Weverse is currently available as a website, an entertainment and communication-focused app of the same name, and an e-commerce app called Weverse Shop. Both apps are available for free for iOS on the Apple App Store and for Android on the Google Play Store. The Weverse web and app platforms host a variety of free and subscription content including videos, Instagram Story-style updates, and artist-to-fan interactions and platforms for users to connect with each other. The Weverse Shop website and app sell subscriptions for individual series on Weverse, as well as fan memberships and merchandise for the groups on its platform.


title: Weverse

text: BTS announced during the finale of its "Love Yourself: Speak Yourself" stadium tour in Seoul that the fourth season of its annual reality show, "Bon Voyage", would be leaving the Korean video streaming service V Live, which hosted its first three seasons, for the new platform Weverse. The fourth season of "Bon Voyage" is available by direct purchase on the Weverse Shop app or with the purchase of an annual membership for BTS's global fan club.


title: Weverse

text: In August 2019, BTS launched a six-episode mini-documentary series for purchase on Weverse entitle "Bring the Soul: Docu-Series," which expands on BTS's 2019 documentary film "." The first episode aired on Weverse on August 27 and concluded on October 1. Each episode centered on a theme related to the group's "Love Yourself" album series and showcased content from the 2018 "Love Yourself" world tour.


title: Weverse

text: On March 22, 2020, Hybe Corporation announced the launch of a video series entitled "Learn Korean With BTS" on the social media app Weverse. The project was first mentioned in February during a live-streamed press release by Big Hit Labels on YouTube, in which Bang Si-Hyuk explained that the project intended to "make it easy and fun for global fans who have difficulty enjoying BTS' music and contents due to the language barrier." The series consists of thirty three-minute lessons on Korean expressions and grammar using footage from existing BTS content on YouTube and VLive, such as "Run BTS" and "Bangtan Bombs." The videos were developed in collaboration with experts at the Korean Language Content Institute and Hankuk University of Foreign Studies. The first three episodes were released on March 24, with subsequent videos posted weekly on Mondays., which later led to the creation of Hybe's educational division, Hybe EDU.


title: Weverse

text: On July 1, 2021, following the end of GFriend's contract with Source Music on May 22, several changes were made to GFriend's Weverse, with features such as creating new posts and editing profiles being disabled. However, other features are still available.


title: Eat a Peach

text: Eat a Peach is a 1972 double album by American rock band the Allman Brothers Band, containing a mix of live and studio recordings. Following their artistic and commercial breakthrough with the July 1971 release of the live album "At Fillmore East", the Allman Brothers Band got to work on their third studio album. Drug use among the band became an increasing problem, and at least one member underwent rehab for heroin addiction. On October 29, 1971, lead and slide guitarist Duane Allman, group leader and founder, was killed in a motorcycle accident in the band's adopted hometown of Macon, Georgia, making it the final album to feature him.


title: Eat a Peach

text: Produced by Tom Dowd, the album was released on February 12, 1972, in the United States by Capricorn Records. It was the band's fourth album since their debut "The Allman Brothers Band" in 1969; released as a double album, it constitutes both their third studio album and second live album.


title: Eat a Peach

text: "Eat a Peach" contains studio recordings from September–December 1971 at Criteria Studios, Miami—both with and without Duane Allman—and live recordings from the band's famed 1971 Fillmore East performances. The album contains the extended half-hour-long "Mountain Jam", which was long enough to take up two full sides of the original double-LP. Other highlights include vocalist Gregg Allman's performance of his brother's favorite song, "Melissa", plus Dickey Betts' "Blue Sky", which went on to become a classic rock radio staple. The album artwork was created by W. David Powell and J. F. Holmes at Wonder Graphics, and depicts the band's name on a peach truck, in addition to a large gatefold mural of mushrooms and fairies. The album's title came from a quote by Duane Allman: "You can't help the revolution, because there's just evolution ... Every time I'm in Georgia, I eat a peach for peace".


title: Eat a Peach

text: On release "Eat a Peach" was an immediate commercial success and peaked at number four on "Billboard" Top 200 Pop Albums chart. The album was later certified platinum and remains a top seller in the band's discography.


title: Eat a Peach

text: The Allman Brothers Band had struggled to achieve commercial success in their two and a half years on the touring circuit; their first two studio albums, "The Allman Brothers Band" (1969) and "Idlewild South" (1970), had debuted to only modest sales. Despite this, they had achieved significant acclaim due to their live performances, which included extended jam renditions of songs. The band's third release was a live album, titled "At Fillmore East", and represented their artistic and commercial breakthrough: it immediately received solid sales upon its July 1971 release and went gold some months later. In about a "three-or-four-week period", the band quite literally went from "rags to riches", and were able to pay their debts to manager Phil Walden and record label Capricorn Records.


title: Eat a Peach

text: Although suddenly wealthy and successful, much of the band and its entourage now struggled with substance abuse, which included instances of heroin addiction. Four individuals—group leader Duane Allman, bassist Berry Oakley, and roadies Robert Payne and Joseph "Red Dog" Campbell—checked into the Linwood-Bryant Hospital for rehabilitation in October 1971. Their addictions had begun to affect their performances and matters seemed to only be getting worse, according to many involved. The clinic was deemed a "joke" and a "nuthouse" by Payne and Red Dog, and was later described as more of a psychiatric ward, as true rehabilitation clinics were several years away. All involved (including Duane) struggled to keep off the substance in the ensuing days. Despite his struggles, Duane fueled the band's passion to get better and end their addictions: "Duane was so happy and full of positive energy. He was always like that unless he was just totally wasted. He was the leader, the great soul, and he kept saying, 'We are on a mission and it's time for this thing to happen,'" said Linda Oakley. "He was moving forward, and that energized everyone else. Everyone fed off of that."


title: Eat a Peach

text: On October 29, 1971, Duane Allman, aged 24, was killed in a motorcycle accident a day after returning to the band's home of Macon, Georgia from an extended tour of concert gigs. Allman was exceeding a safe speed at the intersection of Hillcrest Avenue and Bartlett Street as a flatbed lumber crane approached. The flatbed truck stopped suddenly in the intersection, forcing Allman to swerve his Harley-Davidson Sportster motorcycle sharply to the left to avoid a collision. As he was doing so, he struck either the back of the truck or the ball on the lumber crane and was immediately thrown from the motorcycle. The motorcycle bounced into the air, landed on Allman and skidded another 90 feet with him pinned underneath, crushing several internal organs. Though he was alive when he arrived at the hospital, despite immediate emergency surgery he died several hours later from massive internal injuries. The loss devastated all who knew him, just as "At Fillmore East" climbed into the top 15 of the national album charts.


title: Eat a Peach

text: Several weeks before the gold certification of "At Fillmore East" and their rehabilitation, the band headed to Miami's Criteria Studios to work on their third studio album. Once again they'd be working with producer Tom Dowd, whom had been instrumental in the successful recording and production of "At Fillmore East". The band laid down the initial tracks for "Blue Sky". The band saved money on studio time by writing and debuting songs on the road. The band worked on three songs: "Blue Sky", an instrumental titled "The Road to Calico" (which would eventually develop into "Stand Back", with added vocals) and "Little Martha", the only song solely credited to Duane Allman. The band laid down these three songs and went back on the road for a short run of shows, and at this point several checked into rehab. After Duane's death, the band held a meeting on their future; it was clear all wanted to continue, and after a short period, the band returned to the road. Drummer Butch Trucks later said, "We all had this thing in us and Duane put it there. He was the teacher and he gave something to us—his disciples—that we had to play out."


title: Eat a Peach

text: Following Duane's death, which severely impacted younger brother, organist/lead vocalist/songwriter Gregg Allman, lead guitarist Dickey Betts gradually took over as group leader. The band returned to Miami in December to complete work on the album. Twiggs Lyndon, the band's former head roadie, joined them; he had just completed a stay in a psychiatric hospital stemming from his 1970 arrest for the murder of a concert promoter at one of the band's shows. Lyndon became the band's production manager. The band recorded three more tracks with Dowd, including "Melissa", "Les Brers in A Minor", and "Ain't Wastin' Time No More". Allman's death provided the band with motivation: "We were all putting more into it, trying so hard to make it as good as it would have been with Duane. We knew our driving force, our soul, the guy that set us all on fire, wasn't there and we had to do something for him," said Trucks. The heroin addictions had taken their toll on the band members; Gregg Allman later said, "We were taking vitamins, we had doctors coming over and sticking us in the ass with B shots every day. Little by little by little, we crawled back up to the point where we were standing erect."


title: Eat a Peach

text: The other material on "Eat a Peach" comes from live recordings. Dowd later said, "When we recorded "At Fillmore East", we ended up with almost a whole other album's worth of good material, and we used [two] tracks on "Eat a Peach". Again, there was no overdubbing". Dowd started the mixing process for "Eat a Peach" but had run overtime and was called to commitments with Crosby, Stills and Nash; longtime Allman friend and colleague Johnny Sandlin took over for the remaining mixes. Sandlin later said of the mixing process, "As I mixed songs like "Blue Sky," I knew, of course, that I was listening to the last things that Duane ever played and there was just such a mix of beauty and sadness, knowing there's not going to be any more from him". He was particularly proud of his mixing work on the album, but was angry because he did not receive credit, only a "special thanks".


title: Eat a Peach

text: Completing the recording of "Eat a Peach" raised each members' spirits. Said Allman, "The music brought life back to us all, and it was simultaneously realized by every one of us. We found strength, vitality, newness, reason, and belonging as we worked on finishing "Eat a Peach"". "Those last three songs ... just kinda floated right on out of us ... The music was still good, it was still rich, and it still had that energy—it was still the Allman Brothers Band."


title: Eat a Peach

text: Much of the music on "Eat a Peach" that was recorded after Duane's death directly dealt with the tragedy. "Ain't Wastin' Time No More" was written by Gregg Allman for his brother immediately following his death. was composed when Duane was still alive, on a 110-year-old Steinway piano in Studio D of Criteria, but the lyrics deal with his passing, as well as veterans coming home from the Vietnam War. The song relates to the theme that "death is an inescapable inevitability—that every day is precious." "Les Brers in A Minor" is an instrumental written by Dickey Betts, and its title is "bad French" for "less brothers". When rehearsing the song, all in the band felt something was familiar about it - which turned out to be a solo of Betts's from live renditions of "Whipping Post" that resurfaced many years later on a bootleg recording. Recording of "Les Brers" began in the newly constructed Studio C of the recording complex at Criteria, but the band disliked the sound captured in the room and moved to Studio A. As a result, the recording contains a slight pitch variation due to the difficulty of matching the original speed of the instruments when the intro was spliced onto the master tape.


title: Eat a Peach

text: Gregg Allman recorded "Melissa" primarily as a tribute to his brother, who adored the song; the song was written in 1967 while staying in a hotel in Pensacola, Florida, and was one of the first he saved after dozens of writing attempts. Allman had previously not shown it to other members of the band ("I thought it was too soft for the Allman Brothers," he said), and was saving it for a possible solo album he assumed he would one day record. "One Way Out" was recorded on June 27, 1971, the final night of concerts at the Fillmore East, which the band, a favorite of the famed venue's promoter Bill Graham, headlined; "Trouble No More" and "Mountain Jam" were culled from the band's March performances there. "Mountain Jam" was always intended for inclusion on the band's next album; the band teased its appearance by including the opening seconds on the fade-out of the final song on "At Fillmore East". The band considered it a signature song of the group, but they deemed the performance that was recorded relatively mediocre.


title: Eat a Peach

text: The album's artwork was created by W. David Powell at Wonder Graphics. He had seen old postcards at a drugstore in Athens, Georgia, one depicting a peach on a truck and a watermelon on a rail car. Believing them perfect for an Allman Brothers album, he purchased them and "bought cans of pink and baby-blue Krylon spray paint and created a matted area to make the cards on a twelve-by-twenty-four LP cover." He envisioned the album having "an early-morning-sky feel". He hand-lettered the band name and photographed it with a small Kodak camera, developing the photos at the drugstore. He then cut and pasted the letters on the side of the truck, underneath the peach.


title: Eat a Peach

text: The album includes an elaborate gatefold mural featuring a fantasy landscape of mushrooms (referencing the psychedelic drug, a band favorite in its early days) and fairies, drawn by Powell and J. F. Holmes. There was very little planning involved in the piece, which was created when the duo were in Vero Beach, Florida. When one would be drawing or painting the image, another would be swimming in the ocean. "We swapped off this way with virtually no conversation about the drawing, just fluid trade-offs," said Powell. The art was created on a large illustration board, "on a one-to-one scale—it was the size of the actual spread," according to Powell. Holmes' work is featured largely on the left, with Powell's on the right. Both were "profoundly influenced" by Early Netherlandish painter Hieronymous Bosch on the piece.


title: Eat a Peach

text: At the time the artwork was finalized, Duane Allman was still alive and the title had not been finalized. As a result, the album lacks a title on the cover, which was an unusual approach for bands at the time. Powell later said, "When we showed it to someone at the label, he said, 'They are so hot right now, we could sell it in a brown paper bag'". Atlantic initially intended to title the album "The Kind We Grow in Dixie", the label of the postcard series Powell had seen in Athens, but the band refused. Trucks suggested they name the album "Eat a Peach for Peace", after a quote from Duane Allman. When the writer Ellen Mandel asked him what he was doing to help the revolution, he replied:


title: Eat a Peach

text: Drummer Butch Trucks considered Allman's comment a sly reference to the poem "The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock" by T. S. Eliot, one of Allman's favorite poets. An untrue story persisted for many years after the album's release that it was named after the truck Allman crashed into, purported to be a peach truck. The album art was later selected by "Rolling Stone" magazine in 1991 as one of the 100 greatest album covers of all time.


title: Eat a Peach

text: Before the release of "Eat a Peach", industry talk suggested the demise of the group after the death of Duane Allman. The record's promotional campaign was coordinated by Dick Wooley, the former head of promotion for Atlantic Records. He had recently quit his position there and was contacted by Walden to help Capricorn in its efforts. (Capricorn Records had recently separated from Atlantic Records as well; "Eat a Peach" would be among the first Capricorn albums released under a new distribution deal with Warner Bros. Records.) "They needed help because the buzz in the record business and on the street was that the ABB was finished as a band and would never survive without Duane," said Wooley. After being played some songs from "Eat a Peach" by Sandlin, Wooley was "blown away" and accepted the offer at half his usual salary. He arranged to have the band's New Year's Eve performance at New Orleans' Warehouse live simulcast on radio. "I took a gamble and cobbled together a network of radio stations in the Southeast via Ma Bell phone lines," said Wooley. The stunt helped launch "Eat a Peach", which was issued by Capricorn in February 1972 and became an instant success. The album shipped enough copies to be certified by the RIAA as gold and peaked at number four on "Billboard" Top 200 Pop Albums chart. "We'd been through hell, but somehow we were rolling bigger than ever," said Gregg Allman.


title: Eat a Peach

text: "Rolling Stone" Tony Glover wrote that, even without their leader, "the Allman Brothers are still the best goddamned band in the land ... I hope the band keeps playing forever—how many groups can you think of who really make you believe they're playing for the joy of it?" In "" (1981), Robert Christgau called side three "a magnificent testament", but was relatively unimpressed by the rest of the album, especially the low-tempo "Mountain Jam" sides: "I know the pace of living is slow down there, but this verges on the comatose. And all the tape in the world isn't going to bring Duane back." In a retrospective review, Stephen Thomas Erlewine of AllMusic gave the record a solid five stars, calling the record a showcase of "the Allmans at their peak". David Quantick of BBC Music also considered it their "creative peak", praising the album's "well-played, surprisingly lean bluesy rock". The album is mentioned as the band's top studio recording in the 2008 book "1,000 Recordings to Hear Before You Die" (2008), with author Tom Moon praising the record's "sedate, beautifully contemplative studio material".


title: Eat a Peach

text: "Melissa" was the album's most successful single, peaking at number 65 on the "Billboard" Hot 100. "Ain't Wastin' Time No More" and "One Way Out" were also singles, charting at numbers 77 and 86, respectively.


title: Eat a Peach

text: Biographer Alan Paul notes that the band's members "all profoundly felt the absence of their guiding light" during the touring cycle for "Eat a Peach". Dickey Betts had to convince the band members to tour, since all other members were reluctant. Despite rumors, the band did not replace Duane Allman, and simply toured as a five-piece. The Allman Brothers Band played 90 shows in 1972 in support of the record. "We were playing for him and that was the way to be closest to him," said Trucks. Allman and Oakley took turns introducing songs, which was traditionally Duane's role. Betts learned Duane's slide guitar parts, but put his own spin on them. Oakley had a downward spiral following Duane's death and was significantly inebriated for many shows on the tour. "He wasn't playing like he used to—instead, he'd hit maybe every fifth note," recalled Allman. Occasionally, the band would have bassist Joe Dan Petty, later of Grinderswitch, cover for Oakley for the show. After nearly a year of severe depression, Oakley was killed in a motorcycle accident not dissimilar from his friend's in November 1972.


title: Jakub Błaszczykowski

text: Jakub Błaszczykowski (; born 14 December 1985), also known as Kuba, is a Polish professional footballer who plays as a winger for Wisła Kraków, businessman and Wisła Kraków's part owner. He started his professional football at Wisła Kraków establishing himself at a young age. In 2007, he joined Borussia Dortmund, where he spent the majority of his career, making over 250 appearances and winning two Bundesliga titles, two DFL-Supercups, and one DFB-Pokal.


title: Jakub Błaszczykowski

text: Błaszczykowski was twice named Polish Footballer of the Year in 2008 and 2010. With 108 appearances, he is the second most capped player for Poland, and captained them as they co-hosted UEFA Euro 2012, while also appearing at UEFA Euro 2016 and the 2018 FIFA World Cup.


title: Jakub Błaszczykowski

text: Raised in Truskolasy near Częstochowa, Błaszczykowski began training at Raków Częstochowa when he was eight years old. In 2002, at age 16, he joined the youth side of Górnik Zabrze. In early 2003, he joined KS Częstochowa and played in the Polish fourth league until the end of 2004. His uncle, former Poland captain Jerzy Brzęczek, then helped him get a trial at Wisła Kraków, where he impressed then-manager Werner Lička.


title: Jakub Błaszczykowski

text: Błaszczykowski quickly broke into Wisła's first team, with his first league appearance coming on 20 March 2005 against Polonia Warsaw. By the end of the season, he was an established part of the starting 11. With Wisła he won the Polish Ekstraklasa title in his debut season, and they were runners-up the following season. Additionally he won Canal+'s "Football Oscar" for the best midfielder in the Polish top division. He was also named to the Ekstraklasa Best XI of the 2006–07 season in the Polish Footballers' Association voting.


title: Jakub Błaszczykowski

text: In February 2007, Błaszczykowski signed a four-year contract with Borussia Dortmund for an undisclosed fee, joining the Bundesliga side in July of that year. He played with the shirt name "Kuba", a diminutive form of his first name, until 2012. During the 2008–09 season, he was plagued by a torn leg muscle. He was, nevertheless, voted Polish Footballer of the Year in December 2008.


title: Jakub Błaszczykowski

text: Błaszczykowski with Borussia Dortmund won the Bundesliga title for two consecutive seasons in 2010–11 and 2011–12. He also won the 2011–12 DFB-Pokal, providing two assists in the final 5–2 victory over Bayern Munich. In July 2012, he was named on UEFA's 32-man shortlist for the Best Player in Europe award.


title: Jakub Błaszczykowski

text: Błaszczykowski signed a new contract with Borussia Dortmund on 24 July 2012, keeping him with the German club until 2016. He scored his first goal of the 2012–13 season in the opening round of the DFB-Pokal on 18 August 2012, setting up Marco Reus for Dortmund's opening goal before netting their second, as the Yellow-Blacks achieved a 3–0 victory at FC Oberneuland. On 25 January 2013, Błaszczykowski scored two goals within the first 21 minutes against 1. FC Nürnberg, sending Dortmund on their way to a 3–0 victory and putting the defending champions within just nine points of league leaders Bayern. In Dortmund's 3–2 victory over Bayer 04 Leverkusen on 3 February, which moved Dortmund above Leverkusen into second place, he converted a penalty in the ninth minute to put his side up 2–0. He scored Dortmund's third goal in a 3–0 rout of Shakhtar Donetsk on 5 March, completing a 5–2 aggregate victory over the Ukrainian champions as Dortmund progressed to the quarter-finals of the Champions League. The result meant that the Yellow-Blacks had advanced to the quarter-finals for the first time in 15 years.


title: Jakub Błaszczykowski

text: On 2 June 2013, Błaszczykowski signed a new contract with Borussia Dortmund, keeping him at the club until 2018. On 27 July 2013, Błaszczykowski won the 2013 DFL-Supercup with Dortmund 4–2 against rivals Bayern Munich. On 26 October 2013, Błaszczykowski scored a goal for Dortmund in the Revierderby against rivals Schalke in a 3–1 win for Dortmund.


title: Jakub Błaszczykowski

text: On 1 August 2016, Błaszczykowski joined VfL Wolfsburg on a three-year contract for a reported fee of €5 million. In January 2019, his contract with Wolfsburg was dissolved.


title: Jakub Błaszczykowski

text: On 7 February 2019, Błaszczykowski rejoined former club Wisła Kraków on a free transfer. In April 2020 he became part owner of the club.


title: Jakub Błaszczykowski

text: Błaszczykowski debuted for the Poland national team on 28 March 2006 in a friendly against Saudi Arabia. He did not receive a call up for the 2006 FIFA World Cup due to injury. He scored his first goal for Poland on 22 August 2007 in a friendly against Russia. Błaszczykowski was an important part of Poland's successful UEFA Euro 2008 qualifying campaign and was named in Poland's squad for UEFA Euro 2008, but he withdrew due to injury. On 17 November 2010, in a friendly match against Ivory Coast, Błaszczykowski made his debut as captain of the Polish national team.


title: Jakub Błaszczykowski

text: On 8 June 2012, in the opening game of UEFA Euro 2012 against Greece, Błaszczykowski assisted Robert Lewandowski's goal in a 1–1 draw. In the second group stage match against Russia, he scored a long range equalising goal in a 1–1 draw and was named "Man of the Match".


title: Jakub Błaszczykowski

text: Błaszczykowski was Poland's current top scorer in their 2014 World Cup qualifying campaign with four goals. His first two strikes were from the penalty spot, his first gave Poland an early lead in their opening group game with Montenegro, a match which finished 2–2. His second goal came four days later, again giving Poland the lead in their 2–0 win over Moldova. He did not feature in the 1–1 draw with England due to injury. Błaszczykowski got the assist for Piszczek's goal in the 3–1 defeat to Ukraine. He did not feature against San Marino four days later due to an injury sustained in the pre-match warm up. On 7 June 2013, he scored his third goal of the qualifying campaign by grabbing the opener against Moldova – a game which finished 1–1. After San Marino scored an equaliser in a qualifying match on 10 September 2013, Błaszczykowski restored the lead just a minute later and Poland went on to win the match 5–1.


title: Jakub Błaszczykowski

text: During nearly half of the qualifying campaign, Błaszczykowski was out of the national squad due to injury. He marked his return when coming on as a substitute in a qualifying match against Georgia, where the former Polish captain provided an assist against Georgia for the current captain, Robert Lewandowski, who scored a hat-trick in the final five minutes of the match in a 4–0 win. He scored a penalty against Gibraltar in an 8–1 victory and played in all the remaining games of qualification.


title: Jakub Błaszczykowski

text: On 12 June, Poland's opening game, Błaszczykowski played a key role in providing a cross and assisting in Arkadiusz Milik's goal in a 1–0 win over Northern Ireland. This was Poland's first win at European Championship. Błaszczykowski also played in a goalless draw against Germany, but was dropped to the bench for the final group game against Ukraine. He came on as a substitute at halftime to score the only goal which sealed Poland the victory, earned them second spot in the group with seven points, behind Germany on goal difference. This marked their first advancement to the knockout stage at a European championship. On 25 June, the first game in the group of 16, Błaszczykowski scored the opening goal for Poland against Switzerland. The game ended 1–1, going into extra time and then a penalty shootout. Błaszczykowski delivered his spot kick and Poland won 5–4, advancing to the quarter final. The next knockout game against Portugal ended 1–1 after extra time, but Poland lost in the penalty shootout after he could not convert his penalty kick.


title: Jakub Błaszczykowski

text: As a child, Błaszczykowski witnessed a family tragedy which had a major influence on his life. In September 1996, when he was 10 years old, his father stabbed his mother to death. After his father went to prison, he and his older brother, Dawid, were raised by their grandmother. He briefly gave up football, but with the encouragement of his uncle, Jerzy Brzęczek, a former captain of the Poland national football team, he decided to resume training at Raków Częstochowa two months later. Błaszczykowski has credited his successes to his grandmother. He dedicates every goal he scores to his mother and can be seen looking up to the sky during goal celebrations.


title: Jakub Błaszczykowski

text: Błaszczykowski married Agata Gołaszewska in June 2010. Their daughter, Oliwia, was born in 2011. Their second daughter, Lena, was born in 2014.


title: Jakub Błaszczykowski

text: He is a devout Catholic who reads the Bible on a daily basis, prays often, and participates in the "Nie wstydzę się Jezusa" (Polish for "I am not ashamed of Jesus") project.


title: Dassault Mirage 2000N/2000D

text: The Dassault Mirage 2000N is a variant of the Mirage 2000 designed for nuclear strike. It formed the core of the French air-based strategic nuclear deterrent. The Mirage 2000D is its conventional attack counterpart.


title: Dassault Mirage 2000N/2000D

text: The Mirage 2000N was designed to French requirements for an aircraft to replace the older Mirage IVP. Dassault received a contract to build two prototypes. The aircraft first flew on 3 February 1986. Seventy four were built up to 1993.


title: Dassault Mirage 2000N/2000D

text: The Mirage 2000N is based on the Mirage 2000B two-seat trainer, but features considerable changes. The airframe was strengthened for low-level flight and fitted with an Antilope 5 radar, which is used for terrain following, navigation and ground mapping, and which can follow terrain at . Other avionic features are twin INS units and moving map displays for both the pilot and weapon systems officer. The Mirage 2000N can carry one ASMP medium-range nuclear missile, and can also carry two MATRA Magic AAMs for self-defence. Other protection features include the Sabre jamming system and the Spirale chaff system. Because the extra seat decreases range, a pair of drop tanks are carried. Since the Mirage 2000N's standard weapon was the ASMP, which was carried on the centerline pylon, this meant that it could not carry a centerline tank, but a distinctive big 2,000 litre (530 US gallon) underwing drop tank with a bulbous nose was developed to more than compensate


title: Dassault Mirage 2000N/2000D

text: The first batch of 30 aircraft for the French Air Force had a sole nuclear capability, and these were designated Mirage 2000N-K1. These did not have the Spirale chaff system, and carried a pair of AN.52 free-fall nuclear bombs before the ASMP was ready. The later batch of 44 aircraft were designated Mirage 2000N-K2. These had both a nuclear and conventional capability, and a full defensive fit. The K1 aircraft now have a limited conventional attack capability.


title: Dassault Mirage 2000N/2000D

text: Dassault has also developed the Mirage 2000D, which is a development of the Mirage 2000N designed for long-range precision strikes with conventional weapons. This aircraft is exactly the same as the Mirage 2000N, but introduces support for conventional attack missiles such as the Apache and Scalp missiles, as well as the AASM weapons. The first aircraft, converted from the Mirage 2000N prototype, flew on 19 February 1991, and the French Air Force ordered a total of 86 aircraft.


title: Dassault Mirage 2000N/2000D

text: Like the Mirage 2000N, the Mirage 2000D had variants. The Mirage 2000D-R1 does not have the full weapons capability of the Mirage 2000D-R2, which features the Apache and Scalp missiles, the ATLIS II laser designation system, and the Samir self-protection fit.


title: Dassault Mirage 2000N/2000D

text: French Mirage 2000s were prominent participants in UN and NATO air operations over the former Yugoslavia. On 30 August 1995 one Mirage 2000N-K2 was shot down over Bosnia by a MANPADS heat-seeking 9K38 Igla missile fired by air defence units of Army of Republika Srpska during operation Deliberate Force, prompting efforts to obtain improved defensive systems.


title: Dassault Mirage 2000N/2000D

text: AdA Mirage 2000Ds served in the intervention in Afghanistan in 2001–2002, operating in close conjunction with international forces and performing precision attacks with LGBs.


title: Dassault Mirage 2000N/2000D

text: The French Air Force deployed the Mirage 2000D to Manas Air Base in Kyrgyzstan from 2002 to 2004 to support coalition forces in Afghanistan. Then from 2004 to 2007, they stayed at Dushanbe, Tajikistan.


title: Dassault Mirage 2000N/2000D

text: In summer 2007, after the Rafale fighters have been removed from the theater of operations, 3 French Mirage 2000s were deployed to Afghanistan in support of NATO troops.


title: Dassault Mirage 2000N/2000D

text: To shorten the response time to support NATO ISAF troops in southern Afghanistan, the aircraft moved to Kandahar International Airport. Three Rafale F2 and three Mirage 2000Ds operate from Kandahar in 2008.


title: Dassault Mirage 2000N/2000D

text: On 24 May 2011, a French Air Force Mirage 2000D crashed 100 kilometers west of Farah. Both crew members successfully ejected and were recovered.


title: Dassault Mirage 2000N/2000D

text: French Air Force Mirage 2000D were committed since the beginning to the enforcement of the Libyan no-fly-zone that was approved by the UN in March 2011.


title: Dassault Mirage 2000N/2000D

text: The Mirage 2000Ds were among the first strikers: on 19 March 2011, a mixed French formation of Mirage 2000s and Rafales hit a Libyan army column that was heading for Benghazi with several vehicles destroyed.


title: Dassault Mirage 2000N/2000D

text: The Mirage 2000D remained one of the most used striker for the next months when Opération Harmattan was succeeded by the UN led Operation Unified Protector.


title: Dassault Mirage 2000N/2000D

text: On 20 October 2011, a Mirage 2000D dropped the last NATO munitions of the war, when a mixed formation of a French Air Force Mirage 2000D and a Mirage F1CR was vectored to strike an armed convoy which was trying to break through the rebels' lines at Sirte. The Mirage 2000D dropped its two laser guided GBU-12 bombs hitting and stopping Gaddafi's convoy, resulting in his capture and death.


title: Dassault Mirage 2000N/2000D

text: French forces became actively involved in the Northern Mali conflict (2012–present) starting from 11 January 2013 with Operation Serval.


title: Dassault Mirage 2000N/2000D

text: The six Mirage 2000D's based in N'Djamena, Chad for the long lasting French military presence in that country, alongside the two Mirage F.1CR based there, were among the first forces committed to the conflict, bombing the Islamic militants’ bases and forces in Northern Mali.


title: Dassault Mirage 2000N/2000D

text: The Mirages were flying with a similar configuration to the one used over Libya nearly two years before, with two 500 lbs GBU-12 (laser) or GBU-49 (GPS and laser) guided bombs on the centerline pylon, and two external fuel tanks on the inboard wing pylons.


title: Dassault Mirage 2000N/2000D

text: Starting from 17 January 2013, three of the Mirages were relocated in Bamako, Mali, preceded by the two simpler Mirage F.1CR which started operating from Bamako few days before.


title: Dassault Mirage 2000N/2000D

text: Locally deployed Mirage 2000D/N French Air and Space Force aircraft keep supporting the successor Operation Barkhane.


title: Dassault Mirage 2000N/2000D

text: Starting on 19 September 2014, the French Air Force started striking the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant as part of an international effort against the terrorist organization. The strike force was initially composed of Dassault Rafale jets based in the Emirates. Later, the Rafales were sided by six Mirage 2000D, based in Jordan, starting from November 2014.


title: Dassault Mirage 2000N/2000D

text: Initially the strikes were limited to targets located in Iraq. Starting from September 2015, the strikes were extended over Syria as well.


title: Dassault Mirage 2000N/2000D

text: On 21 August 2016, a strike group composed of 4 Rafales and 4 Mirage 2000D launched a multiple SCALP-EG cruise missile attack against Islamic State weapon storage site, firing 12 missiles. The Rafales were armed with two cruise missiles each, while the Mirages were armed with one cruise missile each.


title: Dassault Mirage 2000N/2000D

text: The Mirage 2000N was the nuclear strike variant which was intended to carry the Aerospatiale Air-Sol Moyenne Portee (ASMP) nuclear stand-off missile. Initial flight tests of two prototypes began on 3 February 1983, and the Mirage 2000N entered operational service in 1988. A total of 75 were built. The fighter had strengthened wings for low-altitude operations, as well as low-level precision navigation/attack systems, built around the Dassault/Thales Antilope 5 radar, which was designed for the strike role and featured a terrain-avoidance capability.


title: Dassault Mirage 2000N/2000D

text: The ASMP missile is 5.38 meters long with a kerosene-powered ramjet that allows it to cruise at Mach 3 to a maximum range of 100 km carrying a nuclear warhead with a yield of 300 kt.


title: Dassault Mirage 2000N/2000D

text: Aircraft with the updated countermeasures system and capable of carrying both the ASMP-A missile and the Pod Reco NG will be redesignated "Mirage 2000N-K3".


title: Dassault Mirage 2000N/2000D

text: As it is forbidden to export them, they are being dismantled for parts with some being donated to French museums. 3 remain with the DGA for testing.


title: Dassault Mirage 2000N/2000D

text: Delays in the Dassault Rafale fourth-generation fighter program led to a development program for an updated Mirage 2000N dedicated to conventional attack, originally designated Mirage 2000N cousin. It was to complement SEPECAT Jaguar daylight strike fighters by providing a night/bad weather attack capability.


title: Dassault Mirage 2000N/2000D

text: Formal development began in 1988. The designation was changed to Mirage 2000D in 1990, with the "D" standing for "Diversifie/Multirole". Initial flight of the Mirage 2000D prototype, a modified Mirage 2000N prototype, was on 19 February 1991. That led to first flight of a production aircraft 31 March 1993 and introduction to service in April 1995. 86 Mirage 2000Ds were built in all to last delivery in 2001.


title: Dassault Mirage 2000N/2000D

text: The Mirage 2000D remains in service, with various improvements such as the MICA IR. A general upgrade designated Mirage 2000D-R2 machine was delivered from 2001. A second upgrade program was begun in 2009, with better support for the strike role and improvement of air-to-air capabilities. This provided a multirole capability that compensated for the eventual retirement of the Mirage 2000Cs.


title: Dassault Mirage 2000N/2000D

text: 55 aircraft are undergoing a mid-life upgrade known as Mirage 2000D RMV (Rénovation Mi-Vie) until 2024 with the objective of keeping them in service until well after 2030. This involves updating the avionics, providing a CC422 gun pod, replacing the Magic missiles by MICA, and integrating the GBU-48 and GBU-50, at a total cost of 532.5 million euro.


title: Dassault Mirage 2000N/2000D

text: A pair of Mirage 2000D RMV was deployed in early September 2021 to Djibouti to evaluate their performance in hot-weather climatic conditions. The two Mirage 2000D RMV stayed for 20 days at the Base Aérienne (Air Base) 188 Djibouti with the Escadron de Chasse et d’Expérimentation (Fighter and Experimental Squadron) 1/30 “Côte d’Argent”.


title: Dassault Mirage 2000N/2000D

text: On 1 March 2011 one Mirage 2000N crashed in Creuse region of central France near the village of Saint-Oradoux-pres-Crocq during a night flight. Both pilots were killed.


title: Dassault Mirage 2000N/2000D

text: On 24 May 2011 one Mirage 2000D crashed 100 kilometers west of Farah, Afghanistan. Both crew members successfully ejected and were recovered.


title: Dassault Mirage 2000N/2000D

text: On 14 January 2012 during joint training exercise "Green Shield" simulating an air combat over Saudi Arabia, a French Mirage 2000D collided with a Saudi F-15S. Both aircraft were destroyed, while the three pilots ejected safely.


title: Dassault Mirage 2000N/2000D

text: On 9 June 2014, in the evening, a French Air Force Mirage 2000D crashed halfway between Gao in northern Mali and the Niger capital Niamey due to a technical issue while part of Operation Serval. Both pilots ejected safely and were recovered.


title: Dassault Mirage 2000N/2000D

text: In the morning of 28 September 2017, a French Air Force Mirage 2000N caught fire and crashed just after take-off from the airport of the Chadian capital of Ndjamena while part of Operation Barkhane. The plane crashed into the airport wall at 7:55, before catching fire while preparing to take off from the runway on its way to France. The two pilots ejected from the aircraft in time; one was slightly injured.


title: Dassault Mirage 2000N/2000D

text: On 9 January 2019, shortly before noon, a French Air Force Mirage 2000D crashed as it flew over the Jura mountains in the east of France. Another jet which was on the same patrol had safely returned to Nancy-Ochey air base. Both pilots were killed in the crash.


title: Cystoscopy

text: The cystoscope has lenses like a telescope or microscope. These lenses let the physician focus on the inner surfaces of the urinary tract. Some cystoscopes use optical fibres (flexible glass fibres) that carry an image from the tip of the instrument to a viewing piece at the other end. Cystoscopes range from pediatric to adult and from the thickness of a pencil up to approximately 9 mm and have a light at the tip. Many cystoscopes have extra tubes to guide other instruments for surgical procedures to treat urinary problems.


title: Cystoscopy

text: There are two main types of cystoscopy—flexible and rigid—differing in the flexibility of the cystoscope. Flexible cystoscopy is carried out with local anaesthesia on both sexes. Typically, a topical anesthetic, most often xylocaine gel (common brand names are Anestacon and Instillagel) is employed. The medication is instilled into the urethra via the urinary meatus five to ten minutes prior to the beginning of the procedure. Rigid cystoscopy can be performed under the same conditions, but is generally carried out under general anesthesia, particularly in male subjects, due to the pain caused by the probe. The sizes of the sheath of the rigid cystoscope are 17 French gauge (5.7 mm diameter), 19 Fr gauge (6.3 mm diameter), and 22 Fr gauge (7.3 mm diameter).


title: Cystoscopy

text: If a patient has a stone lodged higher in the urinary tract, the physician may use a much finer calibre scope called a ureteroscope through the bladder and up into the ureter. (The ureter is the tube that carries urine from the kidney to the bladder.) The physician can then see the stone and remove it with a small basket at the end of a wire that is inserted through an extra tube in the ureteroscope. For larger stones, the physician may also use the extra tube in the ureteroscope to extend a flexible fiber that carries a laser beam to break the stone into smaller pieces that can then pass out of the body in the urine.


title: Cystoscopy

text: Physicians may have special instructions, but in most cases, patients are able to eat normally and return to normal activities after the test. Patients are sometimes asked to give a urine sample before the test to check for infection. These patients should ensure that they do not urinate for a sufficient period of time, such that they are able to urinate prior to this part of the test.


title: Cystoscopy

text: Patients will have to remove their clothing covering the lower part of the body, although some physicians may prefer if the patient wears a hospital gown for the examination and covers the lower part of the body with a sterile drape. In most cases, patients lie on their backs with their knees slightly parted. Occasionally, a patient may also need to have his or her knees raised. This is particularly true when undergoing a Rigid Cystoscopy examination. For flexible cystoscopy procedures the patient is almost always alert and a local anesthetic is applied to reduce discomfort. In cases requiring a rigid cystoscopy it is not unusual for the patient to be given a general anesthetic, as these can be more uncomfortable, particularly for men. A physician, nurse, or technician will clean the area around the urethral opening and apply a local anesthetic. The local anesthetic is applied direct from a tube or needleless syringe into the urinary tract. Often, skin preparation is performed with chlorhexidine.


title: Cystoscopy

text: The physician will gently insert the tip of the cystoscope into the urethra and slowly glide it up into the bladder. The procedure is more painful for men than for women due to the length and narrow diameter of the male urethra.


title: Cystoscopy

text: Relaxing the pelvic muscles helps make this part of the test easier. A sterile liquid (water, saline, or glycine solution) will flow through the cystoscope to slowly fill the bladder and stretch it so that the physician has a better view of the bladder wall.


title: Cystoscopy

text: As the bladder reaches capacity, patients typically feel some mild discomfort and the urge to urinate.


title: Cystoscopy

text: The time from insertion of the cystoscope to removal may be only a few minutes, or it may be longer if the physician finds a stone and decides to remove it, or in cases where a biopsy is required. Taking a biopsy (a small tissue sample for examination under a microscope) will also make the procedure last longer. In most cases, the entire examination, including preparation, will take about 15 to 20 minutes.


title: Cystoscopy

text: In blue light cystoscopy hexyl aminolevulinate hydrochloride is instilling a photosensitizing agent, into the bladder. The blue light cystoscopy contains a light source and light is transmitted through a fluid light cable connected to an endoscope to light up the area to be observed. The photosensitizing agent preferentially accumulates porphyrins in malignant cells as opposed to nonmalignant cells of urothelial origin. Under subsequent blue light illumination, neoplastic lesions fluoresce red, enabling visualization of tumors. The blue light cystoscopy is used to detect non-muscle invasive papillary cancer of the bladder.


title: Cystoscopy

text: Prior to the early 1990s, it was common practice for the physician performing the procedure to prescribe an antibiotic to take for a few days to prevent an infection. Since that time, many urologists will order a "urine C & S" (urinalysis with bacterial/fungal cultures and testing for sensitivities to anti-infective medications) prior to the performance of the cystoscopy, and as part of the pre-operative workup. Depending on the results of the testing and other circumstances, he or she may elect to prescribe a 10- to 14-day course of antibiotic or other anti-infective treatment, commencing 3 days before the cystoscopy is to be performed, as this may alleviate some inflammation of the urethra prior to the procedure.


title: Cystoscopy

text: This practice may provide an additional benefit by preventing an accidental infection from occurring during the procedure. When antibiotics are given for UTI prevention in adults undergoing a cystoscopy, they may reduce the risk of infections that go into the bloodstream and infections limited to the bladder. However, antibiotics may have little to no effect on only the risk of serious infections that go in the bloodstream. From review data, antibiotics do not appear to cause serious unwanted side effects or affect the occurrence of minor side effects, but more research is needed to confirm these findings. The full-course of antibiotic treatment also lessens the possibility of the bacteria becoming resistant to the antibiotic/anti-infective agent prescribed.


title: Cystoscopy

text: Physicians may also prescribe an oral urinary analgesic, phenazopyridine, or a combination (urinary) analgesic/anti-infective/anti-spasmodic medication containing methylene blue, methanamine, hyoscyamine sulfate and phenyl salicylate for irritation and/or dysuria patients may experience after the procedure. At two weeks post-procedure, the practitioner may order a follow-up evaluation including a repeat of the urinalysis with cultures and sensitivities, and a uroflowmetric study (which evaluates the volume of urine released from the body, the speed with which it is released, and how long the release takes)


title: Cystoscopy

text: Patients often have some burning feeling when they urinate and often see small amounts of blood in their urine. Procedures using rigid instrumentation often result in urinary incontinence and leakage from idiopathic causes to urethral damage. Occasionally, patients may feel some lower abdominal pains, reflecting bladder muscle spasms, but these are not common.


title: Cystoscopy

text: Cystoscopy has similar indications in animals, including visualisation and biopsy of mucosa, retrieval or destruction of urinary bladder stones and diagnosis of ectopic ureters.


title: Cystoscopy

text: In turtle and tortoises, cystoscopy has additional value as it permits the visualisation of internal organs due to the thin urinary bladder wall. In young individuals in which sex determination would not be feasible by visualisation of external morphologic features, this technique permits noninvasive visualisation of gonads, and therefore sex determination.


title: Macron (diacritic)

text: A macron () is a diacritical mark: it is a straight bar placed above a letter, usually a vowel. Its name derives from Ancient Greek ("makrón") "long", since it was originally used to mark long or heavy syllables in Greco-Roman metrics. It now more often marks a long vowel. In the International Phonetic Alphabet, the macron is used to indicate a mid-tone; the sign for a long vowel is instead a modified triangular colon .


title: Macron (diacritic)

text: In Greco-Roman metrics and in the description of the metrics of other literatures, the macron was introduced and is still widely used in dictionaries and educational materials to mark a long (heavy) syllable. Even relatively recent classical Greek and Latin dictionaries are still concerned with indicating only the length (weight) of syllables; that is why most still do not indicate the length of vowels in syllables that are otherwise metrically determined. Many textbooks about Ancient Rome and Greece use the macron, even if it was not actually used at that time (an apex was used if vowel length was marked in Latin).


title: Macron (diacritic)

text: In romanizations of Hebrew, the macron below is typically used to mark the begadkefat consonant lenition. However, for typographical reasons a regular macron is used on "p" and "g" instead: "p̄, ḡ".


title: Macron (diacritic)

text: The macron is used in the orthography of a number of vernacular languages of the Solomon Islands and Vanuatu, particularly those first transcribed by Anglican missionaries. The macron has no unique value, and is simply used to distinguish between two different phonemes.


title: Macron (diacritic)

text: Thus, in several languages of the Banks Islands, including Mwotlap, the simple "m" stands for , but an "m" with a macron (m̄) is a rounded labial-velar nasal ; while the simple "n" stands for the common alveolar nasal , an "n" with macron (n̄) represents the velar nasal ; the vowel ē stands for a (short) higher by contrast with plain "e" ; likewise ō contrasts with plain "o" .


title: Macron (diacritic)

text: In Araki, the same symbol "r̄" encodes the alveolar trill – by contrast with "r", which encodes the alveolar flap .


title: Macron (diacritic)

text: In Bislama (orthography before 1995), Lamenu and Lewo, a macron is used on two letters "". "m̄" represents , and "p̄" represents . The orthography after 1995 (which has no diacritics) has these written as "mw" and "pw".


title: Macron (diacritic)

text: In Marshallese, a macron is used on four letters – ' – whose pronunciations differ from the unmarked '. Marshallese uses a vertical vowel system with three to four vowel phonemes, but traditionally their allophones have been written out, so vowel letters with macron are used for some of these allophones. Though the standard diacritic involved is a macron, there are no other diacritics used "above" letters, so in practice other diacritics can and have been used in less polished writing or print, yielding nonstandard letters like ", depending on displayability of letters in computer fonts.


title: Macron (diacritic)

text: In Obolo, the simple n stands for the common alveolar nasal , while an "n" with macron (n̄) represents the velar nasal .


title: Macron (diacritic)

text: Also, in some instances, a diacritic will be written like a macron, although it represents another diacritic whose standard form is different:


title: Macron (diacritic)

text: Continuing previous Latin scribal abbreviations, letters with combining macron can be used in various European languages to represent the overlines indicating various medical abbreviations, particularly including:


title: Macron (diacritic)

text: Note, however, that abbreviations involving the letter h take their macron halfway up the ascending line rather than at the normal height for unicode macrons and overlines: ħ. This is separately encoded in Unicode with the symbols using bar diacritics and appears shorter than other macrons in many fonts.


title: Macron (diacritic)

text: The overline is a typographical symbol similar to the macron, used in a number of ways in mathematics and science. For example, it is used to represent complex conjugation:


title: Macron (diacritic)

text: and to represent a line segment in geometry (e.g., formula_2), sample means in statistics (e.g., formula_3) and negations in logic. It is also used in Hermann–Mauguin notation.


title: Macron (diacritic)

text: In OpenOffice, if the extension Compose Special Characters is installed, a macron may be added by following the letter with a hyphen and pressing the user's predefined shortcut key for composing special characters. A macron may also be added by following the letter with the character's four-digit hex-code, and pressing the user's predefined shortcut key for adding unicode characters.


title: The Amazing Race 34

text: The Amazing Race 34 is the thirty-fourth season of the American reality television show "The Amazing Race". It featured twelve teams of two competing in a race around the world.


title: The Amazing Race 34

text: The season premiered on CBS on September 21, 2022, following the premiere of "Survivor 43", and concluded on December 7, 2022.


title: The Amazing Race 34

text: Dating couple Derek Xiao and Claire Rehfuss (from "Big Brother 23") were the winners of this season, while long-lost twins Emily Bushnell and Molly Sinert finished in second place, and married couple Luis Colon and Michelle Burgos finished in third place.


title: The Amazing Race 34

text: On March 9, 2022, CBS renewed "The Amazing Race" for a thirty-fourth season set to air during the 2022–23 television season.


title: The Amazing Race 34

text: As in the previous season, production began on May 22, 2022, with a chartered Titan Airways Boeing 757, used to reduce personal interactions associated with COVID-19 infections, departing from Los Angeles International Airport. Filming began on May 25, 2022, in Munich, Germany, making it the first time the American version started outside the United States. Jordan was visited for the first time in the entire franchise. Filming concluded in Tennessee in mid-June.


title: The Amazing Race 34

text: This season originally planned to exclude non-elimination legs for the first time in franchise history. However, after one team received a positive COVID-19 test and was removed from the race, the last team to arrive in the leg received the final departure time as a penalty at the beginning of the next leg. The first leg of the season, announced as the series' 400th leg, featured "a game-changing element" called the Scramble, where teams were told the locations of all of the tasks that they had to complete at the start of the leg and could complete them in any order.


title: The Amazing Race 34

text: Prior to the premiere, "CBS News Sunday Morning" aired a segment with correspondent Tracy Smith competing on the first leg with her husband.


title: The Amazing Race 34

text: The season began showing in the Wednesday 10pm time slot, following "Survivor" and "The Real Love Boat". Starting on November 2, "The Amazing Race" was moved into the 9pm time slot when "The Real Love Boat" was shifted onto Paramount+.


title: The Amazing Race 34

text: The cast included "Big Brother 23" HouseGuests Derek Xiao and Claire Rehfuss, former Los Angeles Rams cheerleader Quinton Peron, and former New York Jets and Buffalo Bills head coach Rex Ryan. Rex Ryan was originally asked to compete with his twin brother, Rob Ryan, but the latter was unable to compete due to his work obligations with the Las Vegas Raiders. Aubrey & David were initially not selected for the final cast, but were called to compete two hours before "The Amazing Race" started production.


title: The Amazing Race 34

text: The following teams are listed with their placements in each leg. Placements are listed in finishing order.


title: Siargao

text: Siargao is a tear-drop shaped island in the Philippine Sea situated 196 kilometers southeast of Tacloban. It has a land area of approximately . The east coast is relatively straight with one deep inlet, Port Pilar. The coastline is marked by a succession of reefs, small points and white, sandy beaches. The neighboring islands and islets have similar landforms. Siargao is known as the surfing capital of the Philippines, and was voted the Best Island in Asia in the 2021 Conde Nast Travelers Readers awards.


title: Siargao

text: The island is within the jurisdiction of the province of Surigao del Norte and is composed of the municipalities of Burgos, Dapa, Del Carmen, General Luna, San Benito, Pilar, San Isidro, and Santa Monica.


title: Siargao

text: The name originates from Visayan "siargaw" or "saliargaw" ("Premna odorata"), a mangrove species that grows on the islands.


title: Siargao

text: The first recorded sighting by Europeans of Siargao Island was by Spanish navigator Bernardo de la Torre on board of the carrack "San Juan de Letrán" in 1543 when attempting to return from Sarangani to New Spain. It was charted as "Isla de las Palmas" (Palm Island in Spanish).


title: Siargao

text: On December 16, 2021, Typhoon Rai struck the area as a Category 5 super typhoon. It left the island devastated, with many buildings damaged or demolished. It caused ₱20 billion ($400 million) in damages.


title: Siargao

text: Siargao Island contains one of the largest mangrove forest reserves in Mindanao, covering an area of 4,871 hectares in Del Carmen. Long stretches of wetlands indicate a potential for commercial seaweed propagation. The extensive mangrove forests of the western coast in the Del Carmen area are home to the Indo-Pacific crocodile Crocodylus porosus. A large specimen measuring was found dead in 2016


title: Siargao

text: Siargao Island is greatly influenced by the winds and currents coming uninterrupted from the Pacific Ocean, intensified by the Mindanao current running westward through the Siargao Strait. The tide of Siargao is diurnal with tidal curves typically present, especially on the east coast of the island.


title: Siargao

text: The island's Pacific-facing reefs are situated on the edge of the Philippine Trench, and the extremely deep offshore waters assure the ocean swells have undiluted power when they encounter the many coral and rock reefs. Siargao has excellent surfing conditions, particularly during the southwest "habagat" monsoon from August to December when the prevailing wind is offshore.


title: Siargao

text: There are several islands located off Siargao. The islands in Del Carmen include Guyam Island, Pansukian or Naked Island (a sandbar), and Daku Island. These are typically included in island-hopping tours that are popular activities being offered to tourists visiting the island.


title: Siargao

text: In the western coast in the municipalities of Del Carmen and San Benito are numerous islands, most of which are covered in mangrove forests. These islands include Caob, Pagbasayan, Poneas, Tona, Laonan, and Kawhagan. The tourist attractions of Sugba Lagoon and Pamomoan Beach is located in Kawhagan. The westernmost island of Siargao is Halian (under the jurisdiction of Del Carmen), located in between Siargao and the Dinagat Islands.


title: Siargao

text: Off the southern end of the island are the three Bucas Grande island groups. Two of which, East Bucas Grande and Middle Bucas Grande, are part of the municipality of Dapa, while the largest island, Bucas Grande, is contiguous to the municipality of Socorro. Bucas Grande is known for the tourist attractions of Sohoton Cove, Tiktikan Lake, and the Jellyfish Sanctuary, among others.


title: Siargao

text: In the past, the island could be reached via a direct domestic flight from Manila to Surigao City and then by a ferry to the coastal towns of Dapa or Del Carmen. Now, Cebu Pacific has flights from Cebu-Siargao, vice versa as well as a Manila-Siargao route (it stops briefly in Cebu and passengers then switch to a smaller aircraft). In March 2017, both Cebu Pacific and SkyJet Airlines commenced direct flights to Sayak Airport (IAO) (aka "Siargao Airport") Siargao island from Manila Airport (MNL), the first direct flights to the island from the capital. Additionally, Philippine Airlines has been offering direct flights from Clark International Airport to Sayak Airport since July 1, 2018. There are plans to extend the runway of Sayak Airport in Siargao, to cater to the demands of growing tourists who will be visiting this island paradise.


title: Siargao

text: One of the well-known surfing spots in Siargao and the Philippines, with a reputation for thick, hollow tubes is "Cloud 9". This right-breaking reef wave is the site of the annual Siargao Cup, a domestic and international surfing competition sponsored by the provincial government of Surigao del Norte.


title: Siargao

text: The wave was discovered by travelling surfers in the late 1980s. It was named by American photographer John Seaton Callahan after a chocolate bar of the same name and was featured in the United States-based "Surfer" magazine in March 1993. This surf trip to Siargao Island was named by Surfer as one of the "Ten Best Surf Trips of All Time" in 1995. Cloud 9 also has a reputation for being a relatively cheap destination for surfers with many accommodations, restaurants, and bars to choose from.


title: Siargao

text: There are several other quality waves on Siargao and nearby islands such as Tombstones, but Cloud 9 has received more publicity than any other surf spot in the Philippines. While it is not the only wave in the Tuason Point and General Luna areas easily accessible via the long pier from the shoreline and without the need for a boat, it is easily the most popular, leading to overcrowding and the nickname of "Crowd 9" among surfers.


title: Siargao

text: Siargao, particularly the municipality of General Luna and the Tuason Point area, is well known as "The Surfing Capital of the Philippines" with a reputation among surfers within the Philippines and the International scene.


title: Siargao

text: Out of the 85 destinations listed, Siargao, the surfing capital of the Philippines, is named as the best island in Asia in the annual Condé Nast Traveler (CNT) readers' choice awards for top islands to visit this 2021.


title: Infection (Chicago franchise)

text: "Infection" is a three-part fictional crossover event that exists within the "Chicago" television franchise. The event aired on NBC consecutively in three back-to-back one-hour time slots on October 16, 2019. It began with "Infection: Part I" of "Chicago Fire", continued with "Infection: Part II" of "Chicago Med", and then concluded with "Infection: Part III" of "Chicago P.D." All three episodes followed a unified story line of an infection spreading across Chicago and the first responders dealing with the repercussions. Many actors in the franchise appeared outside of their main series and in all three parts of the crossover.


title: Infection (Chicago franchise)

text: At a Chicago Bears game, members of Firehouse 51, the Intelligence Unit, and Chicago Med are tailgating. Matthew Casey notices a guy collapse in the middle of the festivities, they head over to help and find the guy with a flesh-eating infection on his legs repeating the letters "BRT." The guy is taken to Chicago Med where they identify the infection as necrotizing fasciitis. Ambulance 61 gets dispatched to a house where they find two people dead inside from the same infection. Jay Halstead identifies the original victim as a student at a local university. Cruz reveals to Mouch and Brett that he plans on proposing to Chloe. Burgess responds to a call at a gas station where a woman and her child are both infected. They both shortly die later at Chicago Med. Boden begins dealing with the mayor's office when the house is assigned to parade duties. Firehouse 51 responds to a fire at Central Chicago University (CCU), where a large chemical fire has broken out. While in the basement rescuing trapped people Severide notices a panel on the wall with the same "BRT" initials. The discovery allows intelligence to begin putting together a connection between the infection and the university. After shift Chloe breaks up with Cruz. Intelligence discovers that the original victim was a lab assistant at CCU and had previously been threatening professors with an apocalyptic-type event happening in Chicago. Burgess and Upton go to Chicago Med to question him; however, when they arrive, they are told he died. The Office of Fire Investigation determines that the fire at CCU was deliberately set. Jay Halstead finds out that another lab assistant at CCU, Veronica Song, was supposed to be in the lab at the time of the fire but didn't show up. Upton arrives at Song's house to question her; however, upon entering Song collapses from infection. They are both brought to Chicago Med where Song is rushed into surgery.


title: Infection (Chicago franchise)

text: The press begins questioning Goodwin about the infection. Upton gets examined for potential infection after finding Song's blood on her; Song flatlines in surgery and unable to be revived. The Center for Disease Control (CDC) arrives to begin tracking down the source of the infection. Ambulance 61 along with two other ambulance companies get dispatched to the same apartment complex where they find five infected patients. The CDC along with Chicago Med, Fire, and P.D., evacuate the apartment building in hopes to finding more leads. P.D. narrows down all sources of the infection to either CCU or the apartment building and identifies it's being spread via a bug sprayer. The CDC thoroughly inspects the apartment building and finds a bug sprayer being burned in the furnace. Voight and Upton begin interviewing tenants of the apartment building who all collectively describe a man who appeared to be an exterminator. CCU students reveal that they were working with the infection hoping to make a treatment for it although its progress was destroyed in the fire. One apartment tenant mentions a blue pickup truck with a grey circle which intelligence begins searching for. When the apartment tenants get impatient they all escape quarantine but most are later found. Upton's test comes back clear and she is released. Intelligence tracks down a blue pickup in the vicinity of the apartment building and the tag plate comes back to a car rental company. CCU students along with Will Halstead continue looking for a treatment and begin making progress. Burgess and Ruzek question the car rental employee and get security footage, the rentee is positively identified as an employee of the CCU lab. Meanwhile, Firehouse 51 is dispatched to a public disturbance call. Will Halstead walks in on a lab assistant, David Seldon, destroying microbiology samples, the two engage in a fight but Seldon ultimately wins by hitting Halstead in the head with medical equipment, knocking him unconscious, and runs away.


title: Infection (Chicago franchise)

text: Voight and Jay Halstead arrive at Chicago Med looking for Seldon who had been identified as the truck rentee but he is nowhere to be found. At the public disturbance call, Firehouse 51 and P.D. have trouble maintaining order when civilians believe they know who caused the outbreak and want to take matters into their own hands. Chicago Med is put on lock down as they begin searching for Seldon. Jay walks by the security guard and tells him Voight is looking for him. Both Voight and the security guard walk down the hallway of Chicago Med feverishly. The security guard explains that a ”Code Silver” is the mandated code for a shooter in the hospital. Hospital security cameras reveal he already escaped so they begin broadening their search. Jay Halstead and Upton find a house they suspect Seldon to be in although all they find is his ex-wife. Intelligence questions the ex-wife who tells them Seldon isn't done yet. They also end up on a wild goose chase when they get many leads in different areas around the city from civilians trying to help and Seldon setting up false leads. The team finds his lab with many medical experimentation tools and a map with an area circled that includes a parade route. Firehouse 51 arrives to assist with the parade only to find the route to have no spectators due to widespread fear from the infection. Intelligence finds out that BRT had previously been funding Seldon experiments but when funding was unexpectedly cut he snapped and started planning to release the infection. Further investigation leads them to believe that Seldon is planning on releasing the infection at BRT headquarters where a board meeting is taking place. The CDC and Firehouse 51 are called to help evacuate the building. Meanwhile, the team at Med working on a treatment finds a proper antibiotic that attacks and reduces the infection. Atwater, Jay Halstead, and Upton begin evacuating the building. In the boardroom Halstead finds the entire board taken hostage by Seldon and begins trying to deescalate the situation. Upton, with a sniper rifle on the adjacent building, creates a distraction which allows Voight and the rest of the team to enter. Seldon refuses to surrender and is shot dead by Voight. After wrapping up the case everyone begins settling down back into their own lives.


title: Infection (Chicago franchise)

text: On September 2, 2019, it was announced that the production teams "Chicago" franchise were planning another crossover event between "Chicago Fire", "Chicago Med", and "Chicago P.D." Executive producer on all three series, Dick Wolf, and "Chicago Fire" showrunner, Derek Haas, wrote the story for all three episodes. Compared to previous crossover events within the franchise producers wanted the event to feel more like a three-hour television movie with Haas saying "This year, we just said, ‘why don’t we get all three shows active in the first hour?'" Haas also stated about the crossover "I haven’t written Med since we did the Med [spinoff] episode. But you’ll see why that’s feasible, because it’s less about each show having its own shape to it and more like all three shows really intertwined throughout. You could be watching any hour and be like, ‘Oh, wait, is this P.D.? Or is this Med? Or is this Fire?’ We’re even doing scenes that you would think would be a Med scene, but it's in the Fire hour." All three episodes filmed in Chicago, Illinois and the entire event took over sixteen days to film. On filming the empty street for the parade route scene Haas said "One of the original ideas was: What would it look like if Michigan Avenue were empty of people? How spooky would that be?"


title: Infection (Chicago franchise)

text: Vlada Gelman with TV Line said that the "crossover proved to be a monumental event for some of the Windy City’s finest."


title: Infection (Chicago franchise)

text: The three-part event aired from 8:00-11:00 pm EDT on October 16, 2019, on NBC. "Chicago Fire" switched timeslots with "Chicago Med" for the evening with "Fire" airing an hour earlier than usual. The first part of the crossover was watched live by 8.23 million viewers, the second part rose to 8.93 million, the final part dropped back down to 8.62 million. The high viewing figures led to the crossover being called the "dominant event of the night." Deadline Hollywood said "NBC’s three-part Chicago crossover titled “Infection” came on strong Wednesday night, giving a boost to all three franchises for NBC in the adults 18–49 demographic."


title: Infection (Chicago franchise)

text: 1. Ricky Bartlett, who played 'Security Guard 1,' is a double-leg amputee and lost his left-leg to flesh-eating disease in 2014. No one on-set knew he was an amputee until towards the end of filming.


title: Neurosis (band)

text: Neurosis is an American avant-garde metal band from Oakland, California. It was formed in 1985 by guitarist Scott Kelly, bassist Dave Edwardson, and drummer Jason Roeder, initially as a hardcore punk band. Chad Salter joined as a second guitarist and appeared on the band's 1987 debut "Pain of Mind" before being replaced by Steve Von Till in 1989. The following year, the lineup further expanded to include a keyboardist and a visual artist. Beginning with their third album "Souls at Zero" (1992), Neurosis transformed their hardcore sound by incorporating diverse influences including doom metal and industrial music, becoming a major force in the emergence of the post-metal and sludge metal genres.


title: Neurosis (band)

text: The band's lineup stabilized in 1995 with the addition of Noah Landis, who replaced Simon McIlroy on keyboards and electronics. That same year they formed the experimental music group Tribes of Neurot and in 1999 the record label Neurot Recordings. This line-up remained stable until 2019, when the band parted ways with Kelly after discovering his history of domestic violence against his family, though this would not come to light until August 2022 out of respect for the privacy of Kelly's family members.


title: Neurosis (band)

text: Neurosis have garnered critical recognition over the course of their 11 studio albums. The BBC credited them with taking "heavy music to previously unimaginable spaces ... [and shaping] metal's definitive response to the 21st century."


title: Neurosis (band)

text: In late 1985, Scott Kelly, Dave Edwardson, and Jason Roeder, formerly members of Violent Coercion, founded Neurosis as a hardcore punk outfit, inspired also by British crust punk in the vein of Amebix and Crass.


title: Neurosis (band)

text: In 1986 Chad Salter was added on second guitar and vocals. There have only been a few changes in the lineup of Neurosis' musicians since band's inception. In 1989 guitarist/vocalist Chad Salter was replaced by Steve Von Till, who previously played in bands Transgressor, Peace Test and Tribe of Resistance, and in 1990, Simon McIlroy joined the band as a synthesizer/sampler with Adam Kendall as visual artist (Adam and Simon have been friends since they were teenagers and they were doing a lot of experimental music together before). In 1995 Noah Landis, a childhood friend of Dave Edwardson, replaced Simon McIlroy as keyboardist.


title: Neurosis (band)

text: With "The Word as Law", Neurosis began to transition from the hardcore punk of "Pain of Mind" to the more experimental sound of "Souls at Zero", which would ultimately form the basis for post-metal and atmospheric sludge metal. Neurosis' signature sound came into full force with "Enemy of the Sun", with "The Quietus" observing that "at the time few could have predicted this black hole of agonizingly precise metal riffs, unnerving backmasking, industrial folkisms and extensive sampling".


title: Neurosis (band)

text: In 1996, Neurosis attracted mainstream attention with its Relapse Records debut, "Through Silver in Blood" and subsequent tour with Pantera. In 1999, Neurosis released "Times of Grace", which was designed to be played synchronously with "Grace", an album released by Neurosis' ambient side project, Tribes of Neurot.


title: Neurosis (band)

text: In the early 2000s, the band founded their own independent record label, Neurot Recordings, which, in addition to releasing material from Neurosis and its associated projects, signed several other artists.


title: Neurosis (band)

text: Beginning with "A Sun That Never Sets", Neurosis began incorporating clean vocals and acoustic instrumentation with a growing folk music influence, more noted presence of classical string instruments (which had been used sparsely since "Souls At Zero") as well as slower tempos and a more contemplative sound. Allmusic described this change as an "aesthetic sea change". 2004's "The Eye of Every Storm" expanded upon this change by incorporating more ambient textures into the mix and presenting a softer post-rock oriented sound.


title: Neurosis (band)

text: The band released their ninth studio album "Given to the Rising" on May 8, 2007 through Neurot Records. On this album Neurosis re-incorporated a more aggressive approach into their music once again, and the album was well received by critics.


title: Neurosis (band)

text: The band entered the studio in December 2011 to record the follow-up to "Given to the Rising". The new album, entitled "Honor Found in Decay", was released in late October 2012.


title: Neurosis (band)

text: The band performed at Roadburn 2016, with Brooklyn Vegan's Ian Cory writing that "once the house lights came up it was hard to justify watching anything else." This was part of their series of shows performed in celebration of their 30th anniversary as a band.


title: Neurosis (band)

text: On May 5, 2016 relapse Records confirmed they were reissuing "A Sun That Never Sets" and "The Eye of Every Storm" on vinyl on June 17 with new artwork.


title: Neurosis (band)

text: On August 1, 2016 the band released a teaser trailer for their upcoming album online. Their eleventh studio album, titled "Fires Within Fires", was released on September 23, 2016.


title: Neurosis (band)

text: Following a Facebook post confessing to allegations of abuse towards his wife and family, Scott Kelly retired from music and public life in August 2022.


title: Neurosis (band)

text: According to a statement released by the band’s Facebook page the next day, Kelly had been quietly expelled from the group in 2019 when his bandmates discovered the extent of his abuse and domestic violence". The band never made any prior formal announcements regarding this "out of respect for [Kelly's] wife's direct request for privacy, and to honor the family's wish not to let their experience become gossip in a music magazine." In the lengthy post, the band condemned Kelly's abuse and described being filled with "disgust and disappointment" towards "a man who we once called Brother". , there is no announcement or info on whether or not the band will continue or disband, as "in due course, when it's appropriate, we will provide more information about our future musical endeavors, but that time is not now."


title: Neurosis (band)

text: From 1990 to 1993, Adam G. Kendall was recruited to create visuals and perform live with the band. Following his departure from touring, Pete Inc. took over the job, although Kendall continued to contribute visuals for the band until as late as 1997. Kendall also shot the footage for the "Locust Star" video.


title: Neurosis (band)

text: Josh Graham took over live visuals in early 2000 as Pete wasn't "cutting the mustard" (in the words of Steve Von Till), and created album artwork for 2004's "The Eye of Every Storm", 2007's "Given to the Rising", and 2012's "Honor Found in Decay", as well as re-designs for the reissues of Souls at Zero and Enemy of the Sun. Graham and Neurosis amicably parted ways in late November 2012 via an announcement on the band website. He was not replaced and the band ceased to use live visual media.


title: Neurosis (band)

text: Often experimental and psychedelic in nature, Neurosis' visual media have added to the reputation of their live performances. Many of the visuals for their tours supporting "Through Silver in Blood" are taken from Ken Russell's film "Altered States". Other images are included in the enhanced portion of the "Sovereign" EP, and on the "A Sun That Never Sets" DVD video release. The majority of the DVD release was directed by Graham, with an additional video by Chad Rullman.


title: Neurosis (band)

text: Neurosis formed as a hardcore punk band, performing a blend of hardcore and heavy metal inspired by British punk and described as crust punk or crossover. Already their second album "The Word as Law" (1990) incorporated avant-garde music and sludge metal, a genre marrying the ferocity of hardcore and the deep heaviness of doom metal. Thereafter, the band developed an original sound. Greg Moffitt of the BBC wrote that through a "process of evolution and refinement" beginning with their third album "Souls at Zero" (1992) and culminating in their fifth, "Through Silver in Blood" (1996), they "[took] heavy music to previously unimaginable spaces and, in the process, shape[d] what has thus far been metal's definitive response to the 21st century."


title: Neurosis (band)

text: The style Neurosis pioneered has been named post-metal, an "expansive, progressive and often apocalyptic" sound, "adding alien sounds, oddball instrumentation and atmospheric depth to [the] viscerally crushing approach" of sludge metal. Their sound has also been described as experimental/avant-garde metal, doom metal, post-hardcore, industrial metal, drone metal, stoner metal, psychedelic metal, progressive metal, alternative metal, art metal, and extreme metal, and as employing elements of folk. Steve Huey of AllMusic called it sludge infused with industrial, metal, and alternative rock, while Kory Grow of "Rolling Stone" called it a mix of "metal, punk, sludge and avant-garde experiments."


title: Neurosis (band)

text: When asked what the band's influences are in a 2000 interview, Scott Kelly stated: "Mainly ourselves at this point, but our foundation ranges through Black Flag, Pink Floyd, Die Kreuzen, Amebix, Jimi Hendrix, King Crimson, The Melvins, Celtic Frost and, of course, Hank Williams." In other interviews, members of the band also listed Throbbing Gristle, Joy Division, Black Sabbath, Crass, Voivod, Loop, Godflesh, Swans, and Townes Van Zandt as influences. In 2007, Steve Von Till stated that lyrically he and Kelly are inspired by literature, alluding to writers such as Cormac McCarthy, Jack London, and Paul Bowles.


title: Neurosis (band)

text: Some commentators note that both sonically and lyrically, Neurosis convey an intense emotional-spiritual effect. There is a mythical aspect to their imagery or a ritual aspect to their performance. Brandon Geist of "Revolver" relates that "Kelly and Von Till ... speak about their band in bold, quasi-religious, 'honor and glory'–type language. Words like "commitment", "sacrifice", "surrender", and "spirit" come up a lot."


title: Neurosis (band)

text: Their influence echoes through acts that have defined the post-metal genre, such as Isis, Justin Broadrick, Earth, Boris, Agalloch, Amenra, Pelican, and Deafheaven.


title: George M. Cohan

text: George Michael Cohan (July 3, 1878November 5, 1942) was an American entertainer, playwright, composer, lyricist, actor, singer, dancer and theatrical producer.


title: George M. Cohan

text: Cohan began his career as a child, performing with his parents and sister in a vaudeville act known as "The Four Cohans". Beginning with "Little Johnny Jones" in 1904, he wrote, composed, produced, and appeared in more than three dozen Broadway musicals. Cohan wrote more than 50 shows and published more than 300 songs during his lifetime, including the standards "Over There", "Give My Regards to Broadway", "The Yankee Doodle Boy" and "You're a Grand Old Flag". As a composer, he was one of the early members of the American Society of Composers, Authors, and Publishers (ASCAP). He displayed remarkable theatrical longevity, appearing in films until the 1930s and continuing to perform as a headline artist until 1940.


title: George M. Cohan

text: Known in the decade before World War I as "the man who owned Broadway", he is considered the father of American musical comedy. His life and music were depicted in the Oscar-winning film "Yankee Doodle Dandy" (1942) and the 1968 musical "George M!" A statue of Cohan in Times Square, New York City commemorates his contributions to American musical theatre.


title: George M. Cohan

text: Cohan was born in 1878 in Providence, Rhode Island, to Irish Catholic parents. A baptismal certificate from St. Joseph's Roman Catholic Church (which gave the wrong first name for his mother) indicated that Cohan was born on July 3, but he and his family always insisted that he had been "born on the Fourth of July!" His parents were traveling vaudeville performers, and he joined them on stage while still an infant, first as a prop, learning to dance and sing soon after he could walk and talk.


title: George M. Cohan

text: Cohan started as a child performer at age 8, first on the violin and then as a dancer. He was the fourth member of the family vaudeville act called The Four Cohans, which included his father Jeremiah "Jere" (Keohane) Cohan (1848–1917), mother Helen "Nellie" Costigan Cohan (1854–1928) and sister Josephine "Josie" Cohan Niblo (1876–1916). In 1890, he toured as the star of a show called "Peck's Bad Boy" and then joined the family act. The Four Cohans mostly toured together from 1890 to 1901. Cohan and his sister made their Broadway debuts in 1893 in a sketch called "The Lively Bootblack". Temperamental in his early years, he later learned to control his frustrations. During these years, he originated his famous curtain speech: "My mother thanks you, my father thanks you, my sister thanks you, and I thank you."


title: George M. Cohan

text: As a child, Cohan and his family toured most of the year and spent summer vacations from the vaudeville circuit at his grandmother's home in North Brookfield, Massachusetts, where he befriended baseball player Connie Mack. The family generally gave a performance at the town hall there each summer, and Cohan had a chance to gain some more normal childhood experiences, like riding his bike and playing sandlot baseball. His memories of those happy summers inspired his 1907 musical "50 Miles from Boston", which is set in North Brookfield and contains one of his most famous songs, "Harrigan". As he matured through his teens, he used the quiet summers there to write. When he returned to the town in the cast of "Ah, Wilderness!" in 1934, he told a reporter "I've knocked around everywhere, but there's no place like North Brookfield."


title: George M. Cohan

text: Cohan began writing original skits (over 150 of them) and songs for the family act in both vaudeville and minstrel shows while in his teens. Soon he was writing professionally, selling his first songs to a national publisher in 1893. In 1901 he wrote, directed and produced his first Broadway musical, "The Governor's Son", for The Four Cohans. His first big Broadway hit in 1904 was the show "Little Johnny Jones", which introduced his tunes "Give My Regards to Broadway" and "The Yankee Doodle Boy".


title: George M. Cohan

text: Cohan became one of the leading Tin Pan Alley songwriters, publishing upwards of 300 original songs noted for their catchy melodies and clever lyrics. His major hit songs included:


title: George M. Cohan

text: From 1904 to 1920, Cohan created and produced over 50 musicals, plays and revues on Broadway together with his friend Sam H. Harris. Aside from the plays Cohan wrote or composed, he produced with Harris, among others, many of which were adapted for film, "It Pays to Advertise" (1914) and the successful "Going Up" in 1917, which became a smash hit in London the following year. His shows ran simultaneously in as many as five theatres. One of Cohan's most innovative plays was a dramatization of the mystery "Seven Keys to Baldpate" in 1913, which baffled some audiences and critics but became a hit. Cohan further adapted it as a film in 1917, and it was adapted for film six more times, as well as for TV and radio. He dropped out of acting for some years after his 1919 dispute with Actors' Equity Association.


title: George M. Cohan

text: In 1925, he published his autobiography "Twenty Years on Broadway and the Years It Took to Get There".