title: Good Party

text: With several MHP delegates supporting the dissidents' drive for a fresh leadership election, Akşener and the other leadership candidates joined forces to hold a constitutional convention, claiming they had the right to do so due to surpassing the required number of delegate signatures required. The MHP leadership boycotted the congress and declared it illegal, taking the process to court. The courts eventually upheld the claim that enough signatures had been submitted and forced the MHP leadership to hold a congress. In a controversial move, another court and the Supreme Electoral Council of Turkey (YSK) both struck down the ruling and asked the MHP leadership to not hold a congress. The move was widely seen as an interference in the judicial process and inner-party democracy by the governing Justice and Development Party (AKP) and the Ministry of Justice, which both had an interest in keeping the increasingly cooperative Bahçeli as MHP leader and preventing Akşener from mounting a challenge to the government. Akşener and several other dissidents were expelled from the party in the following months, mounting unsuccessful challenges against their suspensions. The constitutional convention held in June 2016 was annulled by the courts in January 2017.


title: Good Party

text: In December 2016, the governing AKP and opposition MHP agreed to put forward a joint constitutional amendment proposal that would change Turkey's parliamentary system into an executive presidency. The MHP's support for the proposals came as a surprise given the party's historically staunch opposition to an executive presidency. Many MHP members and prominent dissidents refused to support the party leadership and began their own 'No' campaigns. Polls and dissident politicians predicted that between 70–90% of MHP voters would defect from their party's official position and vote 'No'.


title: Good Party

text: Akşener, Okutan, Halaçoğlu and Özdağ all became prominent 'No' campaigners, with many political commentators seeing the alliance as a signal of a forthcoming new political party united under Akşener's leadership. The referendum was very controversial due to a last-minute change in the ballot counting procedure by the Supreme Electoral Council, causing the dissident nationalists and other 'No' campaigners to allege fraud and not recognise the results. According to official results, the 'No' side lost with 48.6% of the vote to 'Yes's 51.4%, though Akşener alleged that the actual result was a victory for 'No' by a margin of 52–48%.


title: Good Party

text: Following the 2017 Turkish constitutional referendum, it was announced that MHP dissidents would unite under a new party led by Akşener, with the party's official announcement expected in September or October 2017. During its preparation period, the party was touted as a 'nationalist conservative' alternative to the MHP and the AKP, while endorsing the principles of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk. The party was also described to be strictly centrist. During the establishment preparations, the names of 'Centrist Democrat Party' "(Merkez Demokrat Parti)" and 'Mainland Party' "(Anayurt Partisi)" were alleged to have been selected.


title: Good Party

text: The party was announced at a congress at the Nâzım Hikmet Cultural Centre in Ankara on 25 October 2017. On that day, the party's name, logo and slogan were revealed to the public. Meral Akşener was formally elected as the party's first leader—unopposed, carrying all votes.


title: Good Party

text: The party's name, logo and slogan were immediately subject to legal challenges and controversy, with allegations that they bore resemblance to AKP Antalya Mayor Menderes Türel's 2014 local election campaign. Türel issued a statement claiming that he owned the patents as of 24 October 2015. The AKP Mayor of Bilecik, Selim Yağcı, threatened legal action alleging that the logo was stolen from the official seal of Bilecik Province. The Kayı tribe Association also announced legal challenges, claiming that they had the patent to the flag since 2014. A former AKP mayoral candidate alleged that the party's slogan belonged to him and threatened legal challenges if the party refused to stop using it.


title: Good Party

text: The party quickly gained five members of parliament in the Grand National Assembly who were originally elected for other parties, and numerous provincial and municipal council members that also defected from their former parties. On 22 April 2018, in the run-up to general elections, a further 15 MPs from the CHP moved to the İYİ Party following a joint agreement between the two parties. This was to allow the İYİ Party to form a parliamentary group that would be eligible to field a presidential candidate without the need to collect signatures and compete independently.


title: Good Party

text: Meral Akşener was be the party's 2018 presidential candidate, but didn't stand for election as an MP. Some opinion polls have predicted her personal support at up to 40%, and her party's support for parliamentary elections between 5% and 20%. İYİ participated in the Nation Alliance (Millet İtifakı) with the CHP, SP, and DP in the parliamentary election, receiving 9.96% of the vote.


title: Good Party

text: Akşener continued the alliance with Kılıçdaroğlu's CHP, dividing the country into regions where only CHP and İYİ candidates would run without interfering with each other. Ekrem İmamoğlu and Mansur Yavaş won as joint Nation Alliance candidates for the Istanbul and Ankara municipalities respectively, however İYİ failed to capture any provincial or metropolitan mayorships for themselves.


title: Good Party

text: Meral Akşener describes İYİ Party as a nationalist, developmentalist and democratic party that is on the centre of the political spectrum. The media describes İYİ Party as a Turkish nationalist, conservative and Atatürkist political party on the centre-right or right-wing. Statements made by prominent party members have also espoused a fresh perspective on Turkish politics, criticising the established political parties for incompetence, ineffectiveness and polarising the electorate.


title: Good Party

text: Although the party described itself as nationalist conservative during its formation period, its ideology represents civic nationalism rather than the MHP's ardent ethnic nationalism. The party espouses harmony between ethnic minorities and tolerance for different religions and backgrounds, rejecting any discrimination on ethnic, gender or religious grounds. It is strongly in favour of the ideals and principles of Turkey's founding president, Mustafa Kemal Atatürk.


title: Good Party

text: The party's centrist and Kemalist stance has attracted support from traditionally centre-left Republican People's Party voters. Aytun Çıray, one of the founders of the party and an MP, is also a former CHP member. The party has also attracted support from the left-leaning Democratic Left Party (DSP), reinforcing itself as a party for all voters regardless of left-right affiliation. İYİ Party's chairperson Akşener, read a poem of socialist poet Nazım Hikmet Ran in the anniversary of his death.


title: Good Party

text: The party, fielding the first woman candidate for Turkish presidency in history, puts great emphasis on women's rights in Turkey and made this a central part of its election campaign. It highlights the statistics and draws attention to the drastic increase of cases of violence against women and rape in Turkey under AKP administration. Akşener declared her pledge to lift good conduct time in all cases of violence against women and rape, and instead of forcefully sending women to therapy in such cases, her party will be sending the perpetrator to mandatory therapy before or after serving their sentence and therapy for women will be optional.


title: Good Party

text: Akşener also reminded the rejected government bill in November 2016 which attempted to make it possible for 12-year-old girls to marry and religious marriages to be considered fully legal, and told that she found this "disgusting" and "saw this as a by-product of the male-dominant structure of politics" and declared that she will make sure that no such bill will even be considered under her administration. She highlighted that, in the last decade, women have become afraid to go alone on the street and wear what they want. She has pledged that under her administration it would be her moral duty to make all women comfortable with their lifestyle and that she would tackle violence and abuse against women and children in a way that no perpetrator will even be able to think of it. Akşener announced that her movement starts a "Tülbent Revolution" - named after a traditional piece of clothing which rural Turkish women wear to cover their heads partially, but that is non-religious nor associated with political Islam. She has stated that "if men can not unite and keep fighting, a woman rises up, takes the "tülbent" off her head and throws it on the ground and the nation reconciles". She explained that "youth in Turkey do not see the differences of the past, (...) girls having tattoos and girls wearing the headscarf, and boys having piercings, they do not see each other differently". She went on to state that the Tülbent Revolution will be a symbol for reconciliation of different lifestyles in Turkey, and that, in her eyes, respect is more important than tolerance because tolerance usually describes a majority's behavior upon a minority and that is not the case in Turkish society.


title: Good Party

text: Akşener, contrary to the political party establishment in Turkey, refused to set up a "Women's Wing" for her party advocating that this discriminates against women in essence and instead introduced a mandatory quota of 25% women participance for all branches and candidates of her party, including the general administrative board. She further stated that she actually wanted the quota to be at 30% but the mutual decision was 25% to begin with.


title: Good Party

text: Although there was an increase in participation of women in the workforce in the last decades in Turkey, Akşener states she still finds this inadequate and will implement benevolent sexism to increase participation of women in workforce and to reduce the wage gap.


title: Good Party

text: Described as the Iron Lady of Turkey, during an interview with "The Guardian" Akşener said: "Now it is time for them, the men in power, to feel fear".


title: Good Party

text: Currently the law protecting the animal rights in Turkey is vague and not comprehensive and only allows limited monetary compensations for pet owners in cases of harm against their "property". This allowed many cases of intense violence against animals, mostly done by perpetrators just for entertainment, creating public outrage and calls for animal rights laws to be made comprehensive and deterrent punishments to be introduced. Akşener, historically being an animal rights volunteer through her career, has been regarded as the most outspoken candidate for protection of animal rights and against the drastic increase of violation of these rights in Turkey. Upon calls by the Confederation of Animal Rights Associations of Turkey, entitled "No votes for candidates ignoring animal rights", Akşener was first to gather with 250 NGO representatives working on the field and was the first candidate to sign the covenant of animal rights issued by the confederation of NGOs, followed only by HDP candidate Selahattin Demirtaş 2 weeks later.


title: Good Party

text: In February, while in western coastal city of İzmir for a political rally, Akşener personally adopted a cat named "Cedric", which was raped earlier and was found covered in blood on a street in Foça and repeated her calls and pledge for comprehensive and deterrent animal rights laws in Turkey.


title: Good Party

text: İYİ Party's program also reserves a whole section for animal rights and mentions pledges including "making animal rights a public demand through intense awareness and consciousness efforts", "full adoption of UNESCO Animal Rights Declaration", "active and effective wildlife protection", "scientific research and tracking of endangered species in Turkey", "strict regulation and bans when necessary on hunting, animal farms, animal racing, animal shows, pet shops, animal shelters and all commercial activities focusing on animals".


title: Good Party

text: At a time of increased political tensions between EU and Turkey due to Erdoğan's Anti-EU populist rhetoric, Akşener and her party promoting pro-Europeanism, has become one of the movements which is most openly in favor of the continuation of European integration of Turkey and positive close relations between EU and Turkey, at the same time managing to appeal to conservative and nationalist right-wing voters.


title: Good Party

text: During her MHP days as Deputy Speaker of the Grand National Assembly, even back in 2010, Akşener held a pro-EU stance and was many times part of meetings with EU officials representing Turkey, and was described as the head of the European-leaning wing inside the nationalist party, MHP.


title: Good Party

text: In addition to committed pledges of mainstream social democrat main-opposition CHP and left-wing minority rights HDP, Akşener's İYİ also declares her party's main goal as full membership to the EU and rejects former suggestions made such as "privileged partnership", stating this puts Turkey into a secondary position. However, contrary to other pro-EU parties, the party also does not refrain from criticizing the certain attitudes implemented by EU in the past process in its party program, stating that "Positive EU-Turkey relations are vital for EU as vital as they are to Turkey, but de facto freeze of the full membership process and negotiations is not only because of Turkey's inability to satisfy all the membership requirements but also because of EU's policy towards Turkey being shaped through interior fears in line with rising racist sentiment across EU in the last years." Party program then advocates for the continuation of Turkish integration into EU and goal of full membership but also states the formula for positive relations and integration, with remarks such as "with its current state, EU-Turkey relations do not benefit any side when in fact it can, and such positive and healthy relations between two entities will not only benefit both sides but also the Balkans, Caucasia, Middle East and the Eastern Mediterranean. Thus, the crucial EU-Turkey relations will be freed from the influence of racist sentiment in EU and dysfunctioning full membership process in Turkey and the negotiations process will be revitalized and EU-Turkey relations will positively be redefined", bearing the goal of full membership and open support for positive relations and participation in integration, whether with or without full membership.


title: Good Party

text: On 15 December, Akşener met with the ambassadors of the EU countries led by Christian Berger, head of EU Delegation in Turkey at party headquarters. She rejected to read from a script and talked directly about her opinions, declaring her party's position as full membership to the EU and continuation of the dialogue through membership negotiations and supplementary mechanisms. She stated that "she is against any mindset which scraps Turkey off from Europe and EU".


title: Good Party

text: On an interview with Euronews on February 26, Akşener criticized Erdogan's recent anti-European rhetoric stating that "EU has always been a measure of success in Turkey and the ruling party also, although conflicting with their mindset, due to the political reality of the time, took big steps towards EU from 2002 to 2007. Only after this date, for the first time ever, EU has been started to be depicted as a monster and an enemy in Turkey. We do not agree with that and we see the European project as the first time after the French Revolution in Europe where logic and rationality rules above all the other ideas". She also stated that "with great sadness I also see that recently the same irrational rhetoric used by Erdogan is being picked up by some leaders of the EU", then advising about the need to free both sides from such rhetoric and the necessity to set a positive ground drawing two entities closer together, in line with Atatürk′s "peace in the homeland, peace in the world" principle and the 160-year-old European character of Turkish foreign policy.


title: Good Party

text: On 8 May, one day before the Europe Day, Meral Akşener met with the German Minister of State for Europe Michael Roth at party headquarters and focused on upcoming elections and German-Turkish partnership and EU-Turkey relations. During the press briefing Akşener made strong remarks which had a broad repercussion in national and European press, saying "Turkey is Europe. It is also beneficial for EU to gain this mindset. In line with that, states must have such positive perspectives to solve their issues."


title: Good Party

text: One day later, this position and party's pro-European stance was further strengthened when Meral Akşener and the party were the only political figures openly celebrating the Europe Day and delivering positive messages in Turkey on May 9. Akşener re-affirmed her message that "states must have positive perspectives to solve such issues to make the region a better place" referring to EU-Turkey relations revitalizing and congratulated everyone's Europe Day on her official Twitter account.


title: Good Party

text: Meanwhile, İYİ Party released a public press statement celebrating the Europe Day and making strong remarks, further bolstering party position with regards to EU affairs. The statement included remarks such as "We see European Union as a project of democracy, rule of law, personal rights and freedoms, peace and prosperity. Today, protecting and implementing these European values are more important than ever. Sustainability of the assertivity of the EU depends on its ability to prevent the interior threatening factions and movements and to keep its vision wide. Full membership to a European Union which sincerely protects its founding values, conforms to "pacta sunt servanda" and which looks to its European future with trust, undoubtedly, is a desired goal for Turkey, which is a natural member of Europe and an EU Candidate since 1999. İYİ Party's biggest goal is to re-implement democracy, rule of law and personal rights and freedoms according to highest norms. In line with this, under İYİ Party administration, suitable with Turkey's historical inclination and European character, full membership of Turkey to the EU, will contribute vastly to the creation of a Europe which is strong, reliable, dynamic and prosper." The declaration concluded with Akşener's previous remarks "We can live in a better region and world if states approach to solving issues with positive perspectives. We congratulate the Europe Day of all our citizens and our European friends and allies"


title: Good Party

text: Other political heavyweights of the party also reaffirmed party's Pro-European position and full membership goals including İYİ Party MP representing İzmir and party speaker Aytun Çıray, making a press briefing at parliament on January 9, stating "As stated by President Macron, under state of emergency and rule by decree conditions, continuing negotiations and membership dialogue between EU and Turkey is not possible. We also do not accept partnership model suggestions which put Turkey into a secondary position such as "privileged partnership". İYİ Party will put an end to state of emergency, re-instate democracy and rule of law in Turkey and will be the movement which gives Turkey what it deserves, full membership to the European Union." Party vice chairman and MP representing Gaziantep, Ümit Özdağ, voiced his notion that Turkey should stay as an integral part of Western Bloc and "as a student who studied in Europe and having a big respect for their culture and values", advocated for positive and closer relations with EU in August 2017, before the formation of the party. After the formation, on an interview with Cumhuriyet, he explained that EU and Turkey must reshape their relations and put it on a positive path, highlighting that both entities are very much in need of each other, positive relations and cooperation, Refugee crisis, being the latest example.


title: Good Party

text: İYİ Party holds a strict position highlighting that it is crucial for Turkey to continue being part of the Western Bloc, thus NATO and is of best national interest. Party program openly states that following the Second World War and Cold War, integration of Turkey into Western Bloc has been very beneficial and functional defence policies and country's national interests still lie on equal cooperation with the rest of the bloc.


title: Good Party

text: Vice chairman Ümit Özdağ also does not refrain from criticizing certain moves by other NATO members too and highlights that due to wrong policies implemented by Erdoğan, NATO allies of Turkey started to incline taking steps sometimes that threaten the national security of Turkey. With regards to that, Özdağ states that their administration will not pursue such wrong policies, but will stay as a cooperative member while protecting the Turkish national security at all times as a member, which AKP fails to do so.


title: Good Party

text: Akşener also heavily criticized the move by Erdoğan administration to buy S-400 missile systems from Russia in a move to distance the country from NATO and the West and get closer to Russia, stating that the move lacks common sense and wisdom and invited Erdoğan for calmness and to have "information on history". Akşener explained that the move makes no sense as the missiles are not compatible with the whole, decades-long existing structure of the Turkish military and defence, which also is integrated to common NATO defence systems, saying that in case of conclusion of such a purchase and its delivery, the S400 missiles will just rot in hangars. She went on to say that such moves by the ruling AKP seriously dishonored and degraded Turkey's foreign policy, conflicting with 150-years old Turkish foreign policy principals and making it worthless and under her administration, İYİ Party will put an end to this trend.


title: Good Party

text: Party spokesperson and MP Aytun Çıray also criticized the move stating that the country which AKP moves to buy missile systems from fully supports organizations aiming to harm and destabilize Turkey and such moves by the ruling party are implemented through their "ideological obsessions" and "learned ignorance", put Turkey towards a dead-end. He went on to make a strong remark, criticizing the recent pro-Russian moves of Erdoğan which shift Turkey away from the Western Bloc and closer to Russia, stating that "never ever since the administration of Mahmud Nedim Pasha...", 19th century grand vizier of the Ottoman Empire, who was highly under influence of Russian officials and was subserviant to Imperial Russia, earning him the nickname "Nedimoff", "...Turkey and its foreign policy has been held hostage like this".


title: Good Party

text: The chairperson of the party Akşener is in favour of reinstating the death penalty in Turkey. On 23 April 2020, she stated in an interview that "there should be a death penalty for terrorism crimes and violence against women".


title: Good Party

text: After the United States Congress voted to recognize the Armenian Genocide in 2019, party spokesperson said, "We will retaliate against it with our decision to name our children Enver, Cemal and Talat"—referring to the Three Pashas who were the main perpetrators of the genocide.


title: Good Party

text: Good Party Juristical Policies Director Bahadır Erdem stated, "LGBT rights are human rights, therefore human rights activists and jurists defend the rights of these people as well. Whatever rights others have as human beings, they have the same rights." after some members of his family were said to be supporting LGBT rights.


title: Good Party

text: Specific key policies include supporting a welfare state and an effective counter-terrorism strategy against members of the Gülen Movement (FETÖ) that have been alleged to be behind the failed coup attempt in July 2016. The party identifies FETÖ as the "most serious internal threat" to national security. Another key policy is a reversal of the changes adopted in the controversial 2017 constitutional referendum, which would revert Turkey to a parliamentary republic as opposed to an executive presidency.


title: Good Party

text: The party also vowed to lift the 2017 block of Wikipedia in Turkey on the first day after the elections.


title: Christine (novel)

text: Christine is a horror novel by American writer Stephen King, published in 1983. It tells the story of a car (a 1958 Plymouth Fury) apparently possessed by malevolent supernatural forces. A film adaptation, directed by John Carpenter, was released eight months later in December of the same year. In April 2013, PS Publishing released "Christine" in a limited 30th Anniversary Edition.


title: Christine (novel)

text: In 1978, nerdy high-school student Arnie and his friend Dennis notice a dilapidated 1958 Plymouth Fury being sold by an elderly man with a back brace, Roland D. LeBay, who named the car "Christine". Despite Dennis's reservations, Arnie buys Christine for $250. While Arnie finishes the paperwork, Dennis sits inside Christine and has a vision of the car and the surroundings as they existed when the car was new, 20 years earlier. Frightened, Dennis decides he dislikes Christine. Arnie brings Christine to a do-it-yourself garage run by Will Darnell, who is suspected of using the garage as a front for illicit operations. As Arnie restores the car, he stops wearing his glasses and his acne clears up, but he also becomes withdrawn, humorless, and cynical. When LeBay dies, Dennis meets his younger brother, George, who reveals LeBay's history of anger and violent behavior. George reveals that LeBay's young daughter choked to death on a hamburger in the back seat of the car and that LeBay's wife subsequently committed suicide in its front seat by carbon monoxide poisoning.


title: Christine (novel)

text: Dennis observes that Arnie is taking on many of LeBay's personality traits and has begun dressing like a 1950s greaser. Dennis also sees that Arnie has become close to Darnell, even acting as a courier in Darnell's smuggling operations. When Arnie is almost finished restoring Christine, he begins dating an attractive student named Leigh. Arnie's parents force him to keep Christine in an airport parking lot. Soon afterward, Clarence "Buddy" Repperton, a bully who blames Arnie for his expulsion from school, learns where Christine is being kept and vandalizes the car with help from his gang. Arnie, aware of Christine's ability to repair herself, pushes her through Darnell's garage until enough of the damage is undone for her to run, and then drives her through the junkyard until she is fully restored. Arnie strains his back in the process and begins wearing a back brace, as LeBay did. During a date with Arnie, Leigh nearly chokes to death on a hamburger and is saved only by the intervention of a hitchhiker. Leigh notices that Christine's dashboard lights seemed to become glaring green eyes, watching her during the incident, and that Arnie only half-heartedly tried to save her. Believing she and Christine are competing for Arnie's affection, Leigh vows to never get into the car again. Several inexplicable car-related deaths occur around town. The victims include Darnell, Buddy and all but one of his accomplices in the vandalism. The police link Christine to each of the murders, but no evidence is found on the car. Detective Rudy Junkins becomes suspicious of Arnie despite his airtight alibis. Christine, possessed by LeBay's vengeful spirit, is committing these murders independently and then repairing herself.


title: Christine (novel)

text: Leigh and Dennis begin a relationship while unearthing details of Christine and LeBay's past. Dennis speculates that LeBay sacrificed his daughter and wife to make Christine a receptacle for his spirit. They compare Arnie's signatures from before and after his purchase of Christine with LeBay's. Arnie stumbles upon Leigh and Dennis being intimately close in Dennis' car, sending him into a rage. Soon after, Junkins is killed in a car crash. Suspecting they are next, Dennis and Leigh devise a plan to destroy the car and save Arnie. While Arnie is visiting a college, Dennis and Leigh lure Christine to the garage and batter her to pieces using a septic tanker truck. Dennis witnesses LeBay's spirit attempting to make him stop before the wreckage is crushed. Dennis learns that Arnie and his mother were both killed in a highway accident, while Christine earlier killed Arnie's father. Witness accounts lead Dennis to believe that LeBay's spirit, tied to Arnie through Christine, fled the Plymouth and attempted to repossess Arnie, but Arnie fought him to a draw, resulting in the wreck.


title: Christine (novel)

text: Four years later, Dennis and Leigh have ended their relationship. He reads about a car accident in Los Angeles, in which a drive-in theater employee—the last surviving member of Buddy's gang—was killed by a car that smashed through a cinderblock wall. Dennis speculates that Christine may have rebuilt herself and is setting out to kill everyone who stood against her, saving him for last.


title: Christine (novel)

text: "The American Library Association" named Christine the 95th most banned and challenged book in the United States between 1990 and 1999.


title: Edward G. Robinson Jr.

text: Edward G. "Manny" Robinson Jr. (March 19, 1933 – February 26, 1974) was an American actor. He was the son of actor Edward G. Robinson and his wife Gladys Lloyd.


title: Edward G. Robinson Jr.

text: Edward G. Robinson Jr. appeared in a total of 23 films and television series beginning in 1952 with "Invasion USA". He appeared briefly in "Some Like It Hot" (1959) as the murderer of George Raft's "Spats" Colombo character hiding inside the birthday cake. He was the last-billed of the sixteen credited cast members in the film. He also appeared in television series like "Wagon Train", "Laramie", "Gunsmoke" and "Markham". His final role was in the 1971 television movie City Beneath the Sea.


title: Edward G. Robinson Jr.

text: Young Robinson married three times, had a daughter Francesca by his first wife, Frances Chisholm. In a 1968 paternity suit by Secretary, Lucille Kass, California Superior Court Judge, Marvin A. Freeman, adjudged Robinson the natural born father of her daughter, Shawn, born June 7, 1966.


title: Edward G. Robinson Jr.

text: Robinson was found unconscious by his wife, Nan, in their West Hollywood home on February 26, 1974 and later declared dead. His death was attributed to "natural causes."


title: Sportpalast speech

text: The "Sportpalast" speech () or Total War speech was a speech delivered by German Propaganda Minister Joseph Goebbels at the Berlin Sportpalast to a large, carefully selected audience on 18 February 1943, as the tide of World War II was turning against Nazi Germany and its Axis allies. The speech is particularly notable as Goebbels almost mentions the Holocaust, when he begins saying "Ausrotten" (using the German word for extermination), but quickly changes it to Ausschaltung (i.e. exclusion). This was the same word Heinrich Himmler used on 18 December 1941, when he recorded the outcome of his discussion with Adolf Hitler on the Final Solution, wherein he wrote ""als Partisanen auszurotten"" ("exterminate them as partisans").


title: Sportpalast speech

text: It is considered the most famous of Joseph Goebbels's speeches. The speech was the first public admission by the Nazi leadership that Germany faced serious dangers. Goebbels called for a total war (German: "totalen Krieg") to secure victory over the Allies, and exhorted the German people to continue the war even though it would be long and difficult because—as he asserted—both Germany's survival and the survival of a non-Bolshevist Europe were at stake.


title: Sportpalast speech

text: After the Axis defeat in late 1942 at the Second Battle of El Alamein in Egypt, a turning point of World War II in Europe occurred on 2 February 1943 as the Battle of Stalingrad ended with the surrender of Field Marshal Friedrich Paulus and the German 6th Army to the Soviets. At the Casablanca Conference in January, Franklin D. Roosevelt and Winston Churchill had demanded Germany's unconditional surrender, and the Soviets, encouraged by their victory, were beginning to retake territory, including Kursk (8 February), Rostov-on-Don (14 February), and Kharkiv (16 February). After the Axis defeats in Egypt and the subsequent loss of Tripoli (23 January, 1943), millitary setbacks shook Axis morale. In the Pacific, the Americans had just completed their months-long reconquest of Guadalcanal.


title: Sportpalast speech

text: Adolf Hitler responded with the first measures that would lead to the all-out mobilization of Germany. Prior to the speech, the government closed restaurants, clubs, bars, theatres, and luxury stores throughout the country so that the civilian population could contribute more to the war.


title: Sportpalast speech

text: The setting of the speech in the "Sportpalast" placed the audience behind and under a big banner bearing the all-capital words "TOTALER KRIEG – KÜRZESTER KRIEG" ("total war – shortest war") along with Nazi banners and Nazi swastikas, as seen in pictures and film of the event.


title: Sportpalast speech

text: Although Goebbels claimed that the audience included people from "all classes and occupations" (including "soldiers, doctors, scientists, artists, engineers and architects, teachers, white collars"), the propagandist had carefully selected his listeners to react with appropriate fanaticism. Goebbels said to Albert Speer that it was the best-trained audience one could find in Germany. However, the enthusiastic and unified crowd response recorded in the written version is, at times, not fully supported by the recording.


title: Sportpalast speech

text: In the speech, Goebbels elaborated at length what Nazi propaganda asserted was the threat posed by so-called International Jewry: "The goal of Bolshevism is Jewish world revolution. They want to bring chaos to the Reich and Europe, using the resulting hopelessness and desperation to establish their international, Bolshevist-concealed, capitalist tyranny." Rejecting the protests of enemy nations against the Reich's Jewish policies, he stated, to deafening chants from the audience, that Germany "intends to take the most radical measures, if necessary, in good time."


title: Sportpalast speech

text: While Goebbels referred to Soviet mobilization nationwide as "devilish", he explained that "we cannot overcome the Bolshevist danger unless we use equivalent, though not identical, methods [in a] total war". He then justified the austerity measures enacted, explaining them as temporary measures.


title: Sportpalast speech

text: Historically, the speech is important in that it marks the first admission by the Party leadership that they were facing problems, and launched the mobilization campaign that, arguably, prolonged the war, under the slogan: "And storm, break loose!" ("").


title: Sportpalast speech

text: Goebbels claimed that no German was thinking of any compromise and instead that "the entire nation is only thinking about a hard war".


title: Sportpalast speech

text: Goebbels attempted to counter reports in the Allied press that German civilians had lost faith in victory by asking the audience a number of questions at the end, such as:


title: Sportpalast speech

text: Are you and the German people willing to work, if the Führer orders, 10, 12 and if necessary 14 hours a day and to give everything for victory?


title: Sportpalast speech

text: Do you want total war? If necessary, do you want a war more total and radical than anything that we can even imagine today?


title: Sportpalast speech

text: The recorded oral version of the speech differed in some ways from the written record. Especially significant is that in the oral (vs. written) record of the speech, Goebbels actually begins to mention the "extermination" of the Jews, rather than the less harsh terms used in the written version to describe the "solution", but catches himself in the middle of the word.


title: Sportpalast speech

text: The last line originated in the poem "Männer und Buben" ("Men and Boys") by Carl Theodor Körner during the Napoleonic Wars. Körner's words had been quoted by Adolf Hitler in his 1920 speech "What We Want" delivered at Munich's Hofbräuhaus, but also by Goebbels himself in older speeches, including his 6 July 1932 campaign speech before the Nazis took power in Germany.


title: Sportpalast speech

text: Regarding the word "Ausschaltung" there is a slight pause when Goebbels say "Aussr... .""Ausschaltung" means elimination, which is fit in the context of the speech.


title: Sportpalast speech

text: Millions of Germans listened to Goebbels on the radio as he delivered this speech about the "misfortune of the past weeks" and an "unvarnished picture of the situation." By amassing such popular enthusiasm, Goebbels wanted to convince Hitler into giving him greater powers in running the war economy. Hitler, however, was not yet ready to bring the economy to a total war footing over the objections of his ministers. On 23 July 1944, Goebbels was finally appointed Reich Plenipotentiary for Total War, responsible for maximising the manpower for the Wehrmacht and the armaments industry at the expense of sectors of the economy not essential to the war effort.


title: Sportpalast speech

text: The speech also led to the spread of a late-war whisper joke, popular in Western Germany, especially the Ruhr:


title: Alex Moffat

text: Alexander Everett Moffat (; born March 25, 1982) is an American actor and comedian. He was a cast member on "Saturday Night Live". He started as a featured player in 2016 and became a main cast member in 2018. Moffat left "SNL" in 2022, after six years as a cast member.


title: Alex Moffat

text: Moffat was born and raised in Chicago, Illinois, and graduated from North Shore Country Day School in 2000. Afterwards he attended Denison University, graduating in 2004.


title: Alex Moffat

text: Moffat started his comedy career as a Chicago-based improviser and featured performer at The Second City, ImprovOlympic, Annoyance Theatre, and Zanies Comedy Club. In 2015, Moffat co-starred alongside John Ashton in the indie-drama "Uncle John", and in 2016, he joined the cast of "Saturday Night Live".


title: Alex Moffat

text: Moffat made his debut on "Saturday Night Live" on the October 1, 2016 episode hosted by Margot Robbie with musical guest The Weeknd, alongside Mikey Day and Melissa Villaseñor. Moffat became a repertory cast member in 2018, beginning with Season 44. On the December 19, 2020 episode, Moffat appeared in the cold open playing President-elect Joe Biden, taking over the role from Jim Carrey. He left the show at the end of the show's 47th season in 2022, following six years as a cast member.


title: Pete Willis

text: Peter Andrew Willis (born 16 February 1960) is an English musician, songwriter and guitarist, best known as a founding member of the band Def Leppard. He co-wrote many tracks and played guitar on the band's first three albums: "On Through the Night", "High 'n' Dry", and "Pyromania", which was being recorded at the time of his departure. He was fired from Def Leppard in 1982 and replaced by Phil Collen. In 2019, Willis was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as a member of Def Leppard.


title: Pete Willis

text: Willis attended Tapton School and has been a guitar enthusiast since his youth. He was a fan of Jimi Hendrix.


title: Pete Willis

text: In his early adult life, he formed a band called Atomic Mass with Nicholas Mackley, Rick Savage, Paul Hampshire, and Tony Kenning. He met Joe Elliott in 1977 and invited him to audition for the band, which later became Def Leppard. Willis was one of the main songwriters of the band during their first three albums.


title: Pete Willis

text: He was dismissed from the band on 11 July 1982, during the recording of "Pyromania", due to excessive drinking that hampered his guitar playing, and was replaced by guitarist Phil Collen two days later. Willis later recorded with the bands Gogmagog (with former and current members of Iron Maiden) and Roadhouse.


title: Pete Willis

text: In 2003, Willis left the music business. He now runs his own property management company in Sheffield.


title: Pete Willis

text: Willis married Lindsay Smith in 1985, and had two sons, Luke and Andrew. The family resides in Crookes, Sheffield.


title: 2011 NHL Entry Draft

text: The 2011 NHL Entry Draft was the 49th NHL Entry Draft. It was held on June 24–25, 2011, at the Xcel Energy Center in Saint Paul, Minnesota. It was the first time the Draft was held in the state of Minnesota since the Minnesota North Stars hosted the 1989 NHL Entry Draft.


title: 2011 NHL Entry Draft

text: The top three picks consisted of Ryan Nugent-Hopkins going to the Edmonton Oilers, Gabriel Landeskog going to the Colorado Avalanche, and Jonathan Huberdeau going to the Florida Panthers.


title: 2011 NHL Entry Draft

text: The draft was also noteworthy as the venue at which the recently relocated Atlanta Thrashers franchise announced that they would be known as the Winnipeg Jets, making the announcement as they drafted Mark Scheifele with their first pick.


title: 2011 NHL Entry Draft

text: Ice hockey players born between January 1, 1991, and September 15, 1993, were eligible for selection in the 2011 NHL Entry Draft. Additionally, un-drafted, non-North American players over the age of 20 were eligible for the draft; and those players who were drafted in the 2009 NHL Entry Draft, but not signed by an NHL team and who were born after June 24, 1991, were also eligible to re-enter the draft.


title: 2011 NHL Entry Draft

text: The draft lottery was held on April 12, 2011, and was won by the New Jersey Devils, who moved up four spots to the fourth-overall pick. The Edmonton Oilers retained the first-overall pick. This was the first time since the 2007 draft lottery that a team other than the team with the worst regular season record won the draft lottery. New Jersey were also tied with the 1999 Chicago Blackhawks for the lowest ranked team to win the lottery as the eighth seed.


title: Han Seung-yeon

text: Han Seung-yeon (born July 24, 1988), better known mononymously as Seungyeon, is a South Korean singer and actress. She is best known as the main vocalist of the South Korean girl group Kara and for her role in "Hello, My Twenties!".


title: Han Seung-yeon

text: Han Seung-yeon was born on July 24, 1988, in Yeongdeungpo District, Seoul, South Korea. She made her acting debut as a child actress in a bit part in "Dear Ends" (1993), "Summer Showers" (1995) and "Star in My Heart" (1997). She later left South Korea to study at Tenafly High School in New Jersey, United States. However, she withdrew from high school mid-course in order to pursue a singing career. After returning to South Korea, she debuted as a member of girl group Kara on March 29, 2007. During her time with the group, she passed a high school qualification exam, the College Scholastic Ability Test, and was accepted by Kyung Hee University, majoring in theater and film.


title: Han Seung-yeon

text: She was the VJ for "MSL Break" from 2007 to 2008. She replaced Tiffany of Girls' Generation as co-host of "Boys and Girls Music Countdown" in June 2008 with Kim Hye-sung, and later with actor Kim Soo-hyun. Their segment ended on May 8, 2009. From October to December 2008, she was part of the cast of the MBC Every 1 reality show "I Need a Family – Season 2", where a group of celebrities would live life as a family, consisting of a father, mother, son and daughter. She also became part of MBC's entertainment news show "Section TV" as a "pop correspondent," debuting on November 21, 2008.


title: Han Seung-yeon

text: Han was featured on rapper Nassun's single "Come to Play", which was released in March 2009, and was featured on the soundtrack for the movie "Why Did You Come to My House?" (2009), releasing her first solo song entitled "Miracle". In October 2009, she became part of the "Dream Team Girl Group" named 4Tomorrow for Samsung's campaign "Samsung Anycall". Their digital single "Tomorrow" was released on October 6, and the official music video for their single was released on the October 12, starring actor Lee Dong-gun.


title: Han Seung-yeon

text: In 2010, she recorded the song "Super Star" for the soundtrack of the KBS2 drama "Mary Stayed Out All Night". The same year, she became a host of MBC Every1's "I Love Pet" alongside fellow member Kang Ji-young. In 2011, she recorded the song "Because of Love" for the soundtrack of the SBS drama "Warrior Baek Dong-soo". In July 2011, she became a co-host of SBS's "Animal Farm".


title: Han Seung-yeon

text: Han released her first solo single "Guilty" on November 30, 2012, along with its music video. She had performance of the single on MBC's "Music Core" on December 15.


title: Han Seung-yeon

text: In 2013, Han appeared as the protagonist's younger counterpart in the daily drama "Pure Love" (2013). Then in her first major supporting role, Han portrayed Choi Suk-bin in the period drama "Jang Ok-jung, Living by Love" (2013). In 2014, starred in the weekend drama "Jang Bo-ri is Here!". The same year, she played her first leading role in the cable series "Her Lovely Heels". Also from 2013 to 2014, Han and fellow member Park Gyu-ri served as hosts of the music program "The Show".


title: Han Seung-yeon

text: In January 2016, Kara was disbanded after Seungyeon, Park Gyuri and Goo Hara decided not to renew their contract. She later signed a contract with J Wide Company in the same year. In May, Han was cast in the omnibus web film "Bugs Attack". In July 2016, Han starred in the coming-of-age youth drama "Hello, My Twenties!".


title: Han Seung-yeon

text: In 2017, Han starred in JTBC's web drama "Last Minute Romance". She also reprised her role in the sequel of "Hello, My Twenties".


title: Han Seung-yeon

text: In 2018, Han switched over to Inyeon Entertainment and was cast in the fantasy romance drama "About Time". She then took on the leading role in travel romance drama "Twelve Nights".


title: Han Seung-yeon

text: In 2021, Han appeared in comedy horror film "Show Me the Ghost" as Ye-ji. She won Fantastic Actor Jury's Special Mention Award for her performance at 25th Bucheon International Fantastic Film Festival.


title: Desmopressin

text: Desmopressin, sold under the trade name DDAVP among others, is a medication used to treat diabetes insipidus, bedwetting, hemophilia A, von Willebrand disease, and high blood urea levels. In hemophilia A and von Willebrand disease, it should only be used for mild to moderate cases. It may be given in the nose, by injection into a vein, by mouth, or under the tongue.


title: Desmopressin

text: Common side effects include headaches, diarrhea, and low blood sodium. The low blood sodium that results may cause seizures. It should not be used in people with significant kidney problems or low blood sodium. It appears to be safe to use during pregnancy. It is a synthetic analogue of vasopressin, the hormone that plays roles in the control of the body’s osmotic balance, blood pressure regulation, kidney function, and reduction of urine production.


title: Desmopressin

text: Desmopressin was approved for medical use in the United States in 1978. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. It is available as a generic medication.


title: Desmopressin

text: Desmopressin is used to treat nocturnal enuresis (bedwetting). It is usually prescribed in the form of desmopressin acetate, by mouth. Children taking DDAVP have 2.2 fewer wet nights per week and are 4.5 times more likely to sleep without disruption compared with placebo.


title: Desmopressin

text: In 2017, the FDA approved Desmopressin has some benefit for adults who have problems with night time urination (known as nocturia).


title: Desmopressin

text: Desmopressin (DDAVP) is usually the first line treatment for mild to moderate type 1 von Willebrand disease. It is not recommended in severe disease or in those with abnormal factor VIII. Usefulness in type 2A, 2M, or 2N von Willebrand disease is variable. Generally not recommended in 2B and type 3 von Willebrand disease.


title: Desmopressin

text: Desmopressin is only recommended in mild hemophilia A. It may be used both for bleeding due to trauma or to try to prevent bleeding due to surgery. It is not effective in the treatment of hemophilia B (factor IX deficiency) or severe hemophilia A. May also be used in uremia induced bleeding.


title: Desmopressin

text: Desmopressin is used in the treatment of central diabetes insipidus (DI) as a replacement for endogenous antidiuretic hormone (ADH) that is in insufficient quantity due to decreased or non-existent secretion or production of ADH by the posterior pituitary or hypothalamus, respectively. It is also used in the diagnostic workup for diabetes insipidus, in order to distinguish central from DI due to the kidneys. Desmopressin is not effective at treating nephrogenic DI, thus a positive response is generally indicative of central DI.


title: Desmopressin

text: US drug regulators added warning to the nasal sprays after two people died and fifty-nine other people had seizures. This occurred due to hyponatremia, a deficit of the body's sodium levels, and the nasal spray is no longer approved for use in children in the United States. However, US drug regulators have said that desmopressin tablets can still be considered safe for treatment of nocturnal enuresis in children as long as the person is otherwise healthy.


title: Desmopressin

text: Patients must stop taking desmopressin if they develop severe vomiting and diarrhea, fever, the flu, or severe cold. Patients should also be very cautious about taking desmopressin during hot weather conditions or following strenuous exercise, as these conditions can place stress on the body's electrolyte and water balance.


title: Desmopressin

text: A body needs to maintain a balance of water and sodium. If sodium levels become too low (hyponatremia) – either as a result of increased water take-up or reduced salt levels – a person may have seizures and, in extreme cases, may die.


title: Desmopressin

text: Desmopressin works by limiting the amount of water that is eliminated in the urine; that is, it is an antidiuretic. It works at the level of the renal collecting duct by binding to V2 receptors, which signal for the translocation of aquaporin channels via cytosolic vesicles to the apical membrane of the collecting duct. The presence of these aquaporin channels in the distal nephron causes increasing water reabsorption from the urine, which becomes passively re-distributed from the nephron to systemic circulation by way of basolateral membrane channels. Desmopressin also stimulates release of von Willebrand factor from endothelial cells by acting on the V2 receptor. It also increases endogenous levels of factor VIII, making it useful in the treatment of hemophilia A.


title: Desmopressin

text: Desmopressin is degraded more slowly than recombinant vasopressin, and requires less frequent administration. In addition, it has little effect on blood pressure, while vasopressin may cause arterial hypertension. Vasopressin stimulates the release of ACTH, which indirectly increases responsiveness of alpha-1 receptor in blood vessel smooth muscle, increasing vessel tone and blood pressure. Several studies have shown that Desmopressin does not stimulate ACTH release (except in Cushing's Disease), and therefore does not directly raise blood pressure, however, one study showed that it stimulates ACTH release in over 50% of healthy subjects. Additionally, desmopressin is able to enhance ACTH and cortisol release in normal subjects following oCRH administration, but not in patients with anorexia nervosa.


title: Desmopressin

text: Desmopressin ("1-deamino-8--arginine vasopressin") is a synthetic form of the normal human hormone arginine vasopressin (the antidiuretic hormone, or ADH), a peptide containing nine amino acids.


title: Desmopressin

text: Compared to vasopressin, desmopressin's first amino acid has been deaminated, and the arginine at the eighth position is in the "dextro" rather than the "levo" form (see stereochemistry).


title: Kuruthi Aattam

text: Kuruthi Aattam () is an 2022 Indian Tamil-language action thriller film written and directed by Sri Ganesh. The film features Atharvaa and Priya Bhavani Shankar in the lead roles with Radhika Sarathkumar, Radha Ravi in supporting role. The film was first announced in April 2017 and began production in August 2018. The film was anticipated to release in June 2020 before the COVID-19 pandemic, but it was postponed. The film was scheduled to release on 24 December 2021 but got postponed due to legal issues.


title: Kuruthi Aattam

text: The film was released theatrically on 5 August 2022, where it received mixed reviews from critics and audience.


title: Kuruthi Aattam

text: Shakthivel is an attender in a government hospital and a Kabaddi player in Madurai, who befriends Muthu, the son of mafia kingpin Gandhimati, by defending him in a scuffle. However, Shakthi earns the wrath of Arivu, Muthu's friend and the son of Gandhimati's close-aid Durai, which makes him to kill Shakthi. When Muthu is murdered, Shakthi is driven by vengeance which leads him to a gang-war. How does Shakthi avenges Muthu's death forms the rest of the plot.


title: Kuruthi Aattam

text: In April 2017, days after the release of his directorial debut "8 Thottakkal", Sri Ganesh announced that his next film would star Atharvaa in the lead role. As a result of the actor's busy schedule, the film was kept on hold for a year, with Ganesh using the break to develop the script of the film. Produced by Rock Fort Entertainment, the film was officially launched in August 2018, with Ganesh stating that the film would tell the tale of gangsters based in Madurai. Veteran actors Radhika Sarathkumar and Radharavi joined the cast to play siblings during the first schedule, while Priya Bhavani Shankar was confirmed as the film's lead actress during the following month. Before signing on, Priya requested the director to rework the script to add to the value of her character in the film. Music composer Yuvan Shankar Raja also agreed to join the project during the same period. The film began its shoot in September 2018.


title: Kuruthi Aattam

text: The post-theatrical streaming rights of the film was bought by Aha Tamil. The film had its digital premiere on 2 September 2022.


title: Kuruthi Aattam

text: Lokesh Balachandran of "The Times of India" gave the film's rating 3 out of 5 stars and stated that "Overall, Kuruthi Aattam is a decent action entertainer which could have done really well with better writing in the second half." Srinivasa Ramanujam of "The Hindu" after reviewing the film stated that "With Kuruthi Aattam, the film’s director Sri Ganesh shows another glimpse into that promise, but packs in too many elements to keep us glued to the screen." Sudhir Srinivasan of "Cinema Express" gave the film 3.5 out of 5 stars, stating that "Kuruthi Attam is a bunch of angry, yelling men, running at each other brandishing aruvaas. "Moviecrow" gave the film’s rating 2.5 out of 5, stating that "Kuruthi Aattam is definitely a bit disappointing, to put it mildly. Otherwise, it is a generic film that remains watchable but one that becomes tiring by the end." Kirubhakar Purushothaman of "The Indian Express" gave the film 3.5 out of 5 stars and stated "Two things work majorly in Kuruthi Aattam. One is the brilliantly-written character of Arivu, backed by a commendable performance by Prakash Raghavan. He instantly makes you hate the character, and that makes us look forward to him getting his due. Secondly, the bromance between Sakthivel and Muthu is heartwarming." Thinkal Menon of "OTT Play" rated the film 3 out of 5 stars and wrote that "As the title suggests, Kuruthi Aattam involves numerous murders, complicated assassination plans, aggressive rivalry and revenge-seeking men and women. The director manages to hold the attention of the viewers to a decent extent despite a few flaws."


title: Antifungal

text: An antifungal medication, also known as an antimycotic medication, is a pharmaceutical fungicide or fungistatic used to treat and prevent mycosis such as athlete's foot, ringworm, candidiasis (thrush), serious systemic infections such as cryptococcal meningitis, and others. Such drugs are usually obtained by a doctor's prescription, but a few are available over the counter (OTC).


title: Antifungal

text: There are two types of antifungals: local and systemic. Local antifungals are usually administered topically or vaginally, depending on the condition being treated. Systemic antifungals are administered orally or intravenously.


title: Antifungal

text: Of the clinically employed azole antifungals, only a handful are used systemically. These include ketoconazole, itraconazole, fluconazole, fosfluconazole, voriconazole, posaconazole, and isavuconazole. Examples of non-azole systemic antifungals include griseofulvin and terbinafine.


title: Antifungal

text: A polyene is a molecule with multiple conjugated double bonds. A polyene antifungal is a macrocyclic polyene with a heavily hydroxylated region on the ring opposite the conjugated system. This makes polyene antifungals amphiphilic. The polyene antimycotics bind with sterols in the fungal cell membrane, principally ergosterol. This changes the transition temperature (Tg) of the cell membrane, thereby placing the membrane in a less fluid, more crystalline state. (In ordinary circumstances membrane sterols increase the packing of the phospholipid bilayer making the plasma membrane more dense.) As a result, the cell's contents including monovalent ions (K, Na, H, and Cl) and small organic molecules leak, which is regarded as one of the primary ways a cell dies. Animal cells contain cholesterol instead of ergosterol and so they are much less susceptible. However, at therapeutic doses, some amphotericin B may bind to animal membrane cholesterol, increasing the risk of human toxicity. Amphotericin B is nephrotoxic when given intravenously. As a polyene's hydrophobic chain is shortened, its sterol binding activity is increased. Therefore, further reduction of the hydrophobic chain may result in it binding to cholesterol, making it toxic to animals.


title: Antifungal

text: Azole antifungals inhibit conversion of lanosterol to ergosterol by inhibition of lanosterol 14α-demethylase. These compounds have a five-membered ring containing two or three nitrogen atoms. The imidazole antifungals contain a 1,3-diazole (imidazole) ring (two nitrogen atoms), whereas the triazole antifungals have a ring with three nitrogen atoms.


title: Antifungal

text: Allylamines inhibit squalene epoxidase, another enzyme required for ergosterol synthesis. Examples include butenafine, naftifine, and terbinafine.


title: Antifungal

text: Echinocandins inhibit the creation of glucan in the fungal cell wall by inhibiting 1,3-Beta-glucan synthase:


title: Antifungal

text: Echinocandins are administered intravenously, particularly for the treatment of resistant "Candida" species.


title: Antifungal

text: Incidents of liver injury or failure among modern antifungal medicines are very low to non-existent. However, some can cause allergic reactions in people.


title: Antifungal

text: There are also many drug interactions. Patients must read in detail the enclosed data sheet(s) of any medicine. For example, the azole antifungals such as ketoconazole or itraconazole can be both substrates and inhibitors of the P-glycoprotein, which (among other functions) excretes toxins and drugs into the intestines. Azole antifungals also are both substrates and inhibitors of the cytochrome P450 family CYP3A4, causing increased concentration when administering, for example, calcium channel blockers, immunosuppressants, chemotherapeutic drugs, benzodiazepines, tricyclic antidepressants, macrolides and SSRIs.


title: Antifungal

text: Before oral antifungal therapies are used to treat nail disease, a confirmation of the fungal infection should be made. Approximately half of suspected cases of fungal infection in nails have a non-fungal cause. The side effects of oral treatment are significant and people without an infection should not take these drugs.


title: Antifungal

text: Azoles are the group of antifungals which act on the cell membrane of fungi. They inhibit the enzyme 14-alpha-sterol demethylase, a microsomal CYP, which is required for biosynthesis of ergosterol for the cytoplasmic membrane. This leads to the accumulation of 14-alpha-methylsterols resulting in impairment of function of certain membrane-bound enzymes and disruption of close packing of acyl chains of phospholipids, thus inhibiting growth of the fungi. Some azoles directly increase permeability of the fungal cell membrane.


title: Apostle

text: An apostle (), in its literal sense, is an emissary, from Ancient Greek ἀπόστολος ("apóstolos"), literally "one who is sent off", from the verb ἀποστέλλειν ("apostéllein"), "to send off". The purpose of such sending off is usually to convey a message, and thus "messenger" is a common alternative translation; other common translations include "ambassador" and "envoy". The term in Ancient Greek also has other related meanings.


title: Apostle

text: The term derives from the Ancient Greek. In Christianity, the term was used in the New Testament for Jesus' Twelve Apostles (including Peter, James, and John), as well as a wider group of early Christian figures, including Paul, Barnabas, and Junia. The term is also used to designate an important missionary of Christianity to a region, e.g. the "apostle of Germany". Some other religions use the term for comparable figures in their history. The word in this sense may be used metaphorically in various contexts, but is mostly found used specifically for early associates of the founder of a religion, who were important in spreading his or her teachings. The term is also used to refer to someone who is a strong supporter of something.


title: Apostle

text: The term "apostle" is derived from Classical Greek ἀπόστολος ("apóstolos"), meaning "one who is sent off", from στέλλειν ("stellein"), "to send" + από ("apó"), "off, away from". The literal meaning in English is therefore an "emissary" (from the Latin "mittere", "to send", and "ex", "from, out, off".


title: Apostle

text: The word "apostle" has two meanings: the broader meaning of a messenger and the narrower meaning of an early Christian apostle directly linked to Jesus. The more general meaning of the word is translated into Latin as "missiō", and from this word we get "missionary".


title: Apostle

text: The term only occurs once in the Septuagint. But Walter Bauer in his "Greek-English Lexicon" relates the term to the rabbinical idea of a Shaliah, or agent: "Judaism had an office known as apostle (שליח)". The "Friberg Greek Lexicon" gives a broad definition as one who is sent on a mission, a commissioned representative of a congregation, a messenger for God, a person who has the special task of founding and establishing churches. The "UBS Greek Dictionary" also describes an apostle broadly as a messenger. The "Louw-Nida Lexicon" gives a very narrow definition of a special messenger, generally restricted to the immediate followers of Jesus, or extended to some others like Paul or other early Christians active in proclaiming the gospel.


title: Apostle

text: The adjective "apostolic" () is claimed as a continuing characteristic by a number of prominent Christian churches (i.e., that a given church's traditions, practices, and teachings descend directly from the original apostles), and so finds wider modern application. The word is found, for example, in the "Apostolic See", the official name for the Roman Catholic Papacy; in the doctrine of apostolic succession, held by many branches of Christianity; and in the Four Marks of the Church ("one, holy, catholic, and apostolic") found in the Nicene-Constantinopolitan Creed.


title: Apostle

text: "Apostoloi" was the official name given to the men sent by the rulers of Jerusalem to collect the half-shekel tax for the Temple, the tax itself being called "apostolé.


title: Apostle

text: Before their sending away, the Twelve had been called disciples, or "students" (Latin "discipulus"; Greek μαθητής "mathētḗs"; Hebrew לִמּוּד "limmûdh"; all meaning "one who learns"). Jesus is stated in the Bible to have sent out the Twelve Apostles, "whom he also named apostles" (), first before his death "to the lost sheep of Israel" (), and after his resurrection, to spread the message of the Gospel to all nations (). There is also a tradition in the Eastern Churches of "Seventy Apostles", derived from the seventy-two disciples mentioned in the Gospel of Luke.


title: Apostle

text: The title "apostle" from the New Testament was also given to others in the reference to the Apostles in the New Testament. For example, Saint Patrick (AD 373–463) was the "Apostle of Ireland", Saint Boniface (680–755) was the "Apostle to the Germans", Saint José de Anchieta (1534–1597) was the "Apostle of Brazil" and Saint Peter of Betancur (1626–1667) was the "Apostle of Guatemala".


title: Apostle

text: A modern-day Apostle in the tradition of the Apostolic-Prophetic movement is one who is "called and sent by Christ to have the spiritual authority, character, gifts and abilities to successfully reach and establish people in Kingdom truth and order, especially through founding and overseeing local churches”, according to Dr. David Cannistraci. An "apostle" is one who has a call to plant and oversee churches, has verifiable church plants and spiritual sons in the ministry, who is recognized by other apostles and meets the biblical qualifications of an elder.


title: Apostle

text: In modern usage, missionaries under Pentecostal movements often refer to themselves as apostles, a practice which stems from the Latin equivalent of "apostle", i.e. "", the source of the English word "missionary".


title: Apostle

text: The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints has always had, among its leadership, twelve individuals identified as apostles. Their primary role is to teach and testify of Jesus throughout the world.


title: Apostle

text: In the Latter Day Saint movement, an apostle is a "special witness of the name of Jesus Christ who is sent to teach the principles of salvation to others." In many Latter Day Saint churches, an apostle is a priesthood office of high authority within the church hierarchy.


title: Apostle

text: In many Latter Day Saint churches, apostles may be members of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles of the church. In most Latter Day Saint churches, modern-day apostles are considered to have the same status and authority as the biblical apostles. In the Latter Day Saint tradition, apostles and prophets are believed to be the foundation of the church, with Jesus as the chief cornerstone. The Articles of Faith, written by Joseph Smith, mentions apostles: "We believe in the same organization that existed in the Primitive Church, namely, apostles, prophets, pastors, teachers, evangelists, and so forth."


title: Apostle

text: The Catholic Apostolic Church was led by twelve "apostles" until the last one died in 1901. Some of the denominations that descend from the Catholic Apostolic Church, such as the New Apostolic Church, are led by apostles. The Chief Apostle is the highest ranking minister in the New Apostolic Church.


title: Apostle

text: In Islam, an apostle or a messenger () is a prophet who is sent by God. According to the Qur'an, God has sent many prophets to mankind. The five universally acknowledged messengers in Islam are Ibrahim, Mūsa, Dāwūd, Īsā and Muhammad, as each is believed to have been sent with a scripture. Muslim tradition also maintains that Adam received scrolls as did some of the other patriarchs of the Generations of Adam. The term apostle or messenger is also applied to prophets sent to preach to specific areas; the Qur'an mentions Yunus, Elijah, Ismail, Shuaib and other prophets as being messengers as well.


title: Apostle

text: "Sahabah" refers to the companions, disciples, scribes and family of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. Later scholars accepted their testimony of the words and deeds of Muhammad, the occasions on which the Qur'an was revealed and various important matters of Islamic history and practice.


title: Apostle

text: The Apostles of Bahá'u'lláh were nineteen eminent early followers of Bahá'u'lláh, the founder of the Baháʼí Faith. The apostles were designated as such by Shoghi Effendi, the head of the religion in the first half of the 20th century, and the list was included in "The Baháʼí World", Vol. III (pp. 80–81).


title: Apostle

text: These individuals played a vital role in the development of Bahá'u'lláh's Faith, consolidating its adherents and bringing its teachings around the world. To Baháʼís, they filled a similar role as the sons of Jacob, the apostles of Jesus, Muhammad's companions, or the Báb's Letters of the Living.


title: Billy Wilder filmography

text: Billy Wilder (1906–2002) was an Austrian-born American filmmaker. Wilder initially pursued a career in journalism after being inspired by an American newsreel. He worked for the Austrian magazine "Die Bühne" and the newspaper "Die Stunde" in Vienna, and later for the German newspapers "Berliner Nachtausgabe", and "Berliner Börsen-Courier" in Berlin. His first screenplay was for the German silent thriller "The Daredevil Reporter" (1929). Wilder fled to Paris in 1933 after the rise of the Nazi Party, where he co-directed and co-wrote the screenplay of French drama "Mauvaise Graine" (1934). In the same year, Wilder left France on board the RMS "Aquitania" to work in Hollywood despite having little knowledge of English.


title: Billy Wilder filmography

text: In 1938, he began collaborating with Charles Brackett on screenplays with Ernst Lubitsch's romantic comedy "Bluebeard's Eighth Wife". It was the first of 14 consecutive commercially successful films that the pair co-wrote including the comedy "Ninotchka" (1939), and the romantic drama "Hold Back the Dawn" (1941), which both received nominations for the Academy Award for Best Screenplay. Wilder made his Hollywood directorial debut with comedy "The Major and the Minor" (1942), which starred Ginger Rogers and Ray Milland. Two years later, he directed and co-wrote the screenplay for the film noir "Double Indemnity" (1944), which is considered a classic of its genre. He followed this with "The Lost Weekend" (1945), a drama about a writer struggling with alcoholism, for which Wilder won his first Academy Award for Best Director and shared the Best Original Screenplay award with Brackett. The film also won Best Picture.


title: Billy Wilder filmography

text: Wilder directed and co-wrote the screenplay for "Sunset Boulevard" (1950), a film noir about a reclusive silent film actress starring Gloria Swanson and William Holden. It garnered 11 Academy Award nominations including Best Picture, Best Director, and all four acting categories. He won his second Best Screenplay Oscar with Brackett for the film as well as the Writers Guild of America Award for Best Written Drama. During the 1950s, Wilder also received Best Director nominations at the Oscars for "Stalag 17" (1953), "Sabrina" (1954), "Witness for the Prosecution" (1957), and "Some Like It Hot" (1959). The lattermost film starring Marilyn Monroe, Tony Curtis, and Jack Lemmon is considered one of the best comedies of all time. In 1960, he directed and co-wrote "The Apartment", a romantic comedy about an insurance clerk who allows his coworkers to use his apartment to conduct extra-marital affairs, which starred Lemmon and Shirley MacLaine. The film won the Academy Award for Best Picture and the BAFTA Award for Best Film. Wilder shared the Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay with I. A. L. Diamond.


title: Billy Wilder filmography

text: In recognition of his career, Wilder received the AFI's Life Achievement Award, the British Academy of Film and Television Arts (BAFTA) Fellowship Award, the Directors Guild of America's Lifetime Achievement Award, the Irving G. Thalberg Memorial Award, the Laurel Award for Screenwriting Achievement, and the Producers Guild of America's Lifetime Achievement Award. "Double Indemnity", "Sunset Boulevard", "Some Like It Hot", and "The Apartment" are included in the AFI's greatest American films of all time. As of 2019, 10 of his films are in the National Film Registry.


title: Sriwijaya Air Flight 182

text: Sriwijaya Air Flight 182 was a scheduled domestic passenger flight from Jakarta to Pontianak, Indonesia. Five minutes after departing from Soekarno–Hatta International Airport on 9 January 2021, the Boeing 737-500 experienced an upset and crashed into the Java Sea off the Thousand Islands, killing all 62 people on board. A search of the area recovered wreckage, human remains, and items of clothing. It is the third deadliest crash involving a Boeing 737-500, behind Asiana Airlines Flight 733 and Aeroflot Flight 821. The flight data recorder (FDR) was recovered on 12 January, and the data storage module of the cockpit voice recorder was recovered on 30 March.


title: Sriwijaya Air Flight 182

text: During the search, Indonesia's National Transportation Safety Committee (NTSC) used the engines and available data from Flightradar24, and hypothesised that the plane's engines were still operating upon impact. It was known that the autothrottle on this aircraft had malfunctioned a few days earlier, and one line of investigation was whether this might have contributed to the accident.


title: Sriwijaya Air Flight 182

text: A preliminary report released on 10 February 2021 suggested problems with the plane's autothrottle; the thrust lever for the left engine reduced thrust as the aircraft climbed, while the thrust lever for the right engine remained fixed. On 10 November 2022, the NTSC published the final report of the investigation, concluding that the crash had been caused by a combination of maintenance and pilot error.


title: Sriwijaya Air Flight 182

text: Prior to Flight 182, the aircraft arrived at Soekarno–Hatta International Airport in Tangerang, Banten at 12:11 PM from Pangkal Pinang Depati Amir Airport. The aircraft was scheduled to take off at 13:25 WIB (06:25 UTC), and was scheduled to arrive at Supadio International Airport in Pontianak, West Kalimantan, at 15:00 WIB (08:00 UTC). After pushing back from the airport's Terminal 2D Gate B1, the aircraft took off from Runway 25R at 14:36 local time (07:36 UTC). The flight took off amid heavy monsoon rain, following a bad weather delay. Due to the significant delay, it was expected to land in Pontianak at 15:50 WIB (08:50 UTC).


title: Sriwijaya Air Flight 182

text: Flight 182 was climbing through at 14:40:05 when it experienced an upset and rolled to the left. An air traffic controller (ATC) noticed this and asked the pilots what was happening on board, but received no response. According to AirNav Radarbox flight data, the aircraft reported that the climb phase of the flight was interrupted by a rapid drop in altitude from to at 07:40 UTC. Flightradar24 reported that four minutes after takeoff, the aircraft dropped by in less than a minute. The flight tracker also noted that the aircraft's last recorded altitude was 250 feet (76 m) at 07:40:27 UTC. According to flight data provided, the airplane experienced a drop of in just six seconds between 07:40:08 and 07:40:14 UTC. It was followed by a drop of in two seconds, in four seconds, and in its last seven seconds. During the fall, the aircraft rapidly changed speed, decreasing and increasing in seconds. Its last contact with ATC was at 14:40 WIB (07:40 UTC) in a location between Laki Island and Lancang Island.


title: Sriwijaya Air Flight 182

text: The aircraft crashed into the Java Sea near Laki Island and from Soekarno–Hatta International Airport. There were no survivors. According to the ATC, there was no distress call during the flight. Indonesian transport officials also stated that the aircraft failed to follow ATC instructions.


title: Sriwijaya Air Flight 182

text: The aircraft involved was a Boeing 737-524, registered as PK-CLC ( 27323/Line no.2616). It was equipped with two CFMI CFM56-3B1 engines. At the time of the accident, the aircraft had accumulated 62,983 hours and 40,383 cycles.


title: Sriwijaya Air Flight 182

text: The aircraft was manufactured in 1994, and had its maiden flight on 13 May 1994. It was first delivered to Continental Airlines on 31 May 1994 under the registration N27610. The aircraft was transferred to United Airlines in 2010 after Continental and United merged. On 15 May 2012, the aircraft was sold to Sriwijaya Air. It was the first of a total of fifteen 737-500s received by Sriwijaya Air in 2012 to replace their 737-200s. Sriwijaya Air named the aircraft "Citra".


title: Sriwijaya Air Flight 182

text: Between 23 March and 23 October 2020, the aircraft was stored at Surabaya Juanda International Airport for repair. The Ministry of Transportation stated that it inspected the aircraft on 14 December 2020 and issued a new certificate of airworthiness on 17 December 2020. It resumed service on 19 December 2020.


title: Sriwijaya Air Flight 182

text: There were 62 people on board, of which 50 were revenue passengers (43 adults and 7 children). Of the 12 crew members, six were operating crew on the flight, while the other six were deadheading as passengers. The majority of the passengers were residents from West Kalimantan.


title: Sriwijaya Air Flight 182

text: Among the passengers were Mulyadi Tamsir, a politician from the People's Conscience Party (Hanura) and chairman of the Indonesian Muslim Student Association (PB HMI), makeup artist Syifa Mila, and YouTuber Faisal Rahman.


title: Sriwijaya Air Flight 182

text: The crew on the flight consisted of Captain Afwan, 54, who had over 17,904 hours of flight experience, 9,023 hours of them on the Boeing 737, First Officer Diego Mamahit, who had over 5,107 hours of flight experience, 4,957 hours of them on the Boeing 737, and four flight attendants. Afwan was a former pilot in the Indonesian Air Force.


title: Sriwijaya Air Flight 182

text: The six deadheading crew and several revenue passengers had transferred to Flight 182 from an earlier NAM Air flight that did not operate.


title: Sriwijaya Air Flight 182

text: The Associated Press, BBC News, "HuffPost", "The New York Times", "The Wall Street Journal", and other media have reported that all people on board had been killed. At least 58 victims, including the captain, have been identified by the police.


title: Sriwijaya Air Flight 182

text: The head of the Indonesian National Search and Rescue Agency (), reported that the crash site was located from Soekarno-Hatta International Airport.


title: Sriwijaya Air Flight 182

text: Personnel from a vessel provided by the Ministry of Transportation reported that body parts, fragments of clothing, electronics, personal belongings and wreckage had been recovered from the sea in waters near the Thousand Islands, with aviation fuel also reported around the location. The water near the crash site has a depth of around .


title: Sriwijaya Air Flight 182

text: BASARNAS immediately deployed personnel to the crash site while the Indonesian National Police and the Ministry of Transportation set up crisis centres in Port of Tanjung Priok and Soekarno–Hatta International Airport. The Indonesian Navy deployed a number of vessels for the search and rescue operations, in addition to helicopters and KOPASKA (frogman) personnel.


title: Sriwijaya Air Flight 182

text: The Indonesian government requested assistance from the South Korean government with the search. Through the Korea - Indonesia Marine Technology Cooperation Research Center (MTCRC), the South Korean Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries deployed a research vessel equipped with a detector to Indonesia. At least 15 personnel from MTCRC were also sent. The Singaporean government also offered to provide assistance in the search which the Indonesian government later accepted.


title: Sriwijaya Air Flight 182

text: On 10 January, the Indonesian Navy announced that the exact coordinates of the crash site had been pinpointed.


title: Sriwijaya Air Flight 182

text: Rescuers managed to recover a life vest, pieces from the aircraft's fuselage, and a destroyed wheel rim of the Boeing 737. Most of the wreckage was found at a depth of .


title: Sriwijaya Air Flight 182

text: On the night of 9 January, an emergency slide of the aircraft was recovered from the waters near Lancang Island, Thousand Islands. The scattered debris and the small pieces of the wreckage indicated a high-speed impact. Much more wreckage was found over the next few days.


title: Sriwijaya Air Flight 182

text: On 10 January, the National Transportation Safety Committee (NTSC) reported that they had located the position of the cockpit voice recorder and the flight data recorder, but after the flight data recorder was retrieved at 16:00 WIB on 12 January, it was reported that beacons on both flight recorders were dislodged in the impact and the cockpit voice recorder would need to be found without the assistance from underwater guidance signals. The casing of the cockpit voice recorder was recovered on 15 January but the data storage module inside was missing. BPPT stated that the data storage module of the CVR was thought to be buried under the aircraft's wreckage. In the afternoon of 17 January, the CVR components and its casing, but without the data storage module, were handed over to the NTSC for further examination. The next day on 18 January, the search for the CVR, wreckage, and victims was extended for three more days.


title: Sriwijaya Air Flight 182

text: On 21 January BASARNAS announced the search for victims and aircraft debris had been halted. A total of 122 pieces of debris had been recovered from the crash site, including one of the aircraft engines' turbines. As of 10 February, the search for the data storage module of the CVR was ongoing.


title: Sriwijaya Air Flight 182

text: On 30 March, nearly 3 months after the crash, BASARNAS recovered the missing CVR component using a hopper dredger, at a depth of 14 meters, with coordinates of ; the search operation was officially ended.


title: Sriwijaya Air Flight 182

text: The NTSC was immediately notified of the accident, with assistance from BASARNAS. NTSC stated that starting on 10 January 2021, just before 06:00 local time, search and rescue personnel would start searching for the aircraft's flight recorders. It added that the investigation will be assisted by the United States' National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB), with the Singaporean Transport Safety Investigation Bureau also offering assistance with the investigation. On 10 January, NTSC obtained raw data of the aircraft's flight path from radar and interviews with the air traffic controller. Investigators also retrieved the transcript of the communication between the pilots and the ATC.


title: Sriwijaya Air Flight 182

text: A spokeswoman from the Indonesian Ministry of Transportation reported that an abnormality was noted during the flight. The aircraft departed from Jakarta's Soekarno-Hatta International Airport on a standard instrument departure. The aircraft had been cleared to climb to . During its climb, Flight 182 went off course to the northwest. ATC asked the crew about the deviation and got no response. A few seconds later, the aircraft dropped off radar.


title: Sriwijaya Air Flight 182

text: An investigator with NTSC stated that based on the distribution of the debris, the aircraft possibly ruptured when it hit the water. Combining Flightradar24 data and the shape of the engine turbine's fan blade and turbine disc, NTSC speculated that the aircraft's engines were still operating upon impact; based on the evidence, the aircraft was still responsive at 250 feet.


title: Sriwijaya Air Flight 182

text: There was a public concern that the aircraft was not airworthy. The Federal Aviation Administration initially had issued an Airworthiness Directive to Boeing 737-500 operators, concerning fatigue cracking on the left nacelle support overwing fitting flange fastener hole. The director of Sriwijaya Air, Jefferson Irwin Jauwena, insisted that the aircraft was airworthy. Although a 30-minute delay was noted, he insisted that the cause was bad weather, specifically heavy rain, rather than mechanical failure. In response, the NTSC said that they would be coordinating with the Meteorology, Climatology, and Geophysical Agency (BMKG) in relation to weather in the Jakarta area. However, the Ministry of Transportation later examined the aircraft's airworthiness and determined that the aircraft was safe to fly.


title: Sriwijaya Air Flight 182

text: An Indonesian aviation expert said that the aircraft had been stored for repairs by Sriwijaya Air between 23 March and 23 October 2020, signifying good maintenance history. However, other experts speculated that the long time spent inactive may have caused deterioration and that technical problems may have developed.


title: Sriwijaya Air Flight 182

text: On 15 January 2021, NTSC announced that the data from the FDR have been successfully downloaded. A total of 330 parameters were being examined and analysed by investigators. A Reuters report said that the data extracted, such as flight path, speed and engine condition, were "in good condition".


title: Sriwijaya Air Flight 182

text: On 12 April 2021, the NTSC announced that all data from the CVR was successfully downloaded and included the accident flight.


title: Sriwijaya Air Flight 182

text: The investigation conducted simulations of the accident based on the FDR and CVR data in flight training simulator. The first simulation attempt was conducted at the Las Vegas Flight Academy in Henderson, Nevada, on 27 October 2021. It was found that the simulator did not react similarly to the accident flight, during an asymmetric thrust event. The simulation revealed that the thrust lever console was not closely monitored by the pilots. The investigation repeated the simulation session in NAM Training Center in Jakarta on 7 December 2021 and successfully recreated the accident flight. However, some objectives could not be achieved due to the difference in configuration between the simulator and the accident aircraft.


title: Sriwijaya Air Flight 182

text: Weather data retrieved from BMKG confirmed the presence of moderate to heavy rain during takeoff with chance of thunderstorms reported. The data later showed that a high cumulonimbus cloud was present around Soekarno-Hatta International Airport with the minimum temperature of the cloud tops at , prompting speculation that the aircraft had encountered turbulence. Visibility was reported to be . Analysis by the Indonesian National Institute of Aeronautics and Space (LAPAN) showed that weather conditions were not extreme. LAPAN stated that a meso-convective system had been formed near the Java Sea at 11:00 WIB (04:00 UTC), but the system had already dissipated by the time Flight 182 took off. According to NTSC, there was no indication that there would be any significant cloud on the aircraft's flight route. NTSC confirmed, however, that the pilots had contacted Jakarta ATC to change its heading to 075 due to bad weather.


title: Sriwijaya Air Flight 182

text: According to "Tempo" magazine, sources close to the investigation committee revealed that the aircraft involved in the accident had a recurring autothrottle problem for at least a month. NTSC, however, stated that they did not have the maintenance data yet. According to a person familiar with the investigation, "the autothrottle was producing more thrust in one of the two jet engines" during the flight. If pilots did not set the power manually, "an aircraft could turn to the side or even make an abrupt descent". On 22 January it was revealed that a malfunction of the autothrottle system had been reported several days before the flight; the aircraft can fly without the system, however, as the pilot can set the throttles manually.


title: Sriwijaya Air Flight 182

text: The investigation will be focused on the faulty autothrottle system, as multiple parameters from the FDR indicated that an abnormality had occurred in the system. NTSC later stated that the committee have sent 13 parts of the aircraft's component, including the aircraft's autothrottle system, to United States and United Kingdom for further examination.


title: Sriwijaya Air Flight 182

text: The maintenance logbook of the aircraft revealed that there had been recurring problems on the Mach/Airspeed indicator and the auto-throttle system of the aircraft. The Mach/Airspeed indicator was eventually replaced on January 4, while the auto-throttle system was fixed on January 5. The FDR data, however, confirmed that the auto-throttle had malfunctioned again on January 9, the day of the accident. While the aircraft was climbing through 10,000 ft, the left engine thrust lever continued to decrease, while the thrust lever on the right engine remained in place. When the aircraft reached 10,000 ft, an aircraft upset happened. The autopilot disengaged and the aircraft rolled to the left with a bank angle of more than 45 degrees. A few seconds later, the auto-throttle then disengaged.


title: Sriwijaya Air Flight 182

text: The final report was published on 10 November 2022. It concluded that the crash had been caused by asymmetrical thrust setting due to a faulty autothrottle system. A feature central to the immediate deactivation of the autothrottle, the Cruise Thrust Split Monitor (CTSM), failed to work properly due to signal interference from the aircraft's spoilers, causing the thrust asymmetry to increase. The aircraft turned left instead of right as intended and eventually entered an upset condition. Lack of upset and recovery training contributed to the pilots' inability to prevent and recover from the upset condition.


title: Sriwijaya Air Flight 182

text: In the immediate aftermath of the accident, the state's insurance company Jasa Raharja announced that it would compensate the relatives of the passengers and crew members aboard Flight 182. Each next-of-kin of the deceased would receive Rp 50 million (US$). Minister of Social Affairs Tri Rismaharini announced that her ministry would give Rp 15 million (US$) for each victim for compensation.


title: Sriwijaya Air Flight 182

text: Delegations from Indonesia's House of Representatives visited the operation centre in Tanjung Priok. They later announced that the House would hold talks with the Ministry of Transportation about the accident. They also stated that they would hold talks with BMKG, Sriwijaya Air and NTSC. The Indonesian House of Representatives will scrutinize the operation of conduct of the Indonesian Ministry of Transportation regarding supervision of airliners' compliance with the aircraft's maintenance manual. A full evaluation of every airliner in Indonesia was later ordered.


title: Sriwijaya Air Flight 182

text: The Regent of Thousand Islands, Junaedi, stated that the government of Thousand Islands will build a monument dedicated to the victims of Flight 182 on Lancang Island. On 22 January 2021, family and loved ones of the victims were invited to spread flowers approximately where the plane had crashed. Prior to the event, the director of Sriwijaya Air expressed condolences to the victims.


title: Anime-influenced animation

text: Anime-influenced animation refers to non-Japanese works of animation that are similar to or inspired by anime. Generally, the term "anime" refers to a style of animation originating from Japan. As Japanese anime became increasingly popular, Western animation studios began implementing some visual stylizations typical in anime—such as exaggerated facial expressions and "super deformed" versions of characters.


title: Anime-influenced animation

text: Although outside Japan, "anime" is specifically used to mean animation from Japan or as a Japanese-disseminated animation style often characterized by colorful graphics, vibrant characters and fantastical themes, there is a debate over whether the culturally abstract approach to the word's meaning may open up the possibility of anime produced in countries other than Japan.


title: Anime-influenced animation

text: One of the first noted attempts from American companies on making a series visually inspired by anime was "The King Kong Show" in the late 1960s and early 1970s. It was the result of a collaboration between Toei Animation from Japan and "Videocraft" from America. The result was an animation with an Anime-like visual style and a Japanese Kaiju theme, that incorporated the cartoonish style of the Hanna-Barbera era in American TV animation. Likewise, Hanna-Barbera's earlier series "Frankenstein Jr." was heavily inspired by the "Gigantor" anime series, although its art style was more similar to that of other American cartoons of the time. Another early example of this might be "Johnny Cypher in Dimension Zero".


title: Anime-influenced animation

text: Toei Animation continued this type of collaboration in the "Transformers" TV series, which aired in the 1980s. While this animation was animated by Toei Animation, the series was produced by and for Americans. Transformers showed many influences and elements of anime including story, themes, and a style that resembled Mecha anime.


title: Anime-influenced animation

text: Another example of this is "Voltron"; an American mecha series that reuses the animation from previously released Toei Japanese anime, creating a new story written by American writers.


title: Anime-influenced animation

text: This trend continued throughout the 1980s with series like "Dungeons and Dragons", again co-produced by Toei Animation. Throughout the 1980s and the 1990s, many American shows started to be outsourced to Japanese animators, most notably TMS Entertainment, which animated popular television productions such as "", "Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles", "ThunderCats", "Inspector Gadget", "The Real Ghostbusters", "Rainbow Brite", "Tiny Toon Adventures", "DuckTales", "", "TaleSpin", "Darkwing Duck", "Animaniacs" and "Spider-Man", most of which visually or thematically were not reminiscent of Japanese anime. "TaleSpin" did, however, take inspiration from Hayao Miyazaki's 1989 manga "Hikōtei Jidai".


title: Anime-influenced animation

text: Throughout the 1990s, some American cartoons began showing a strong influence from anime without having any Japanese artists directly involved in the project. Examples of this can be seen in Cartoon Network shows like "The Powerpuff Girls" and "Dexter's Laboratory" or the Disney Channel show "Kim Possible".


title: Anime-influenced animation

text: Other notable examples of series with an anime influence are "" which was actually partially outsourced to Japanese artists, "Gargoyles", and "Teen Titans", "The Boondocks", "Megas XLR", and "The Batman". "Batman Beyond" displayed some characteristics of anime; in particular, some of its production processes were outsourced to Japan. The advent of Japanese anime stylizations appearing in Western animation questioned the established meaning of "anime".


title: Anime-influenced animation

text: Glen Murakami was also a strong influence in inspiring American cartoons with Japanese elements. He animated alongside Bruce Timm on "Batman: The Animated Series" and its sequel, "Batman: Beyond". Keeping the sharp-edged angular style of Timm and mixing in his own personal influences, the show was given cyberpunk and sci-fi elements with a Japanese twist. American television producer Sam Register - who created anime inspired works such as "" and "Hi Hi Puffy AmiYumi" - also worked alongside Murakami to create the "Teen Titans" television show in 2003, giving rise to a unique style referred to as "murakanime". In 2004, Murakami also produced "The Batman", which showed much stronger anime influence than even its predecessor "Batman Beyond".


title: Anime-influenced animation

text: "Super Robot Monkey Team Hyperforce Go!" is the first Jetix original show to be produced by Japanese artists and use an anime concept for the characters, including a transformation sequence for the series' main protagonist, Chiro. Series creator Ciro Nieli, who had also previously served as a director on "Teen Titans", would later become showrunner of "Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles" (2012), which also featured anime-inspired moments, some of the most notable examples being seen in the characters' reaction shots. In addition, a parody of the anime series "" was featured within the series throughout the second season, titled "Super Robo Mecha Force Five!"


title: Anime-influenced animation

text: "" and its sequel series "The Legend of Korra" are other examples of Western series influenced by Japanese anime so heavily that they started discussions among fans and viewers about what an anime is and whether a non-Japanese animation should be called an anime. "Avatar" creators Bryan Konietzko and Michael Dante DiMartino confirmed an anime influence in a magazine interview; that of "Hayao Miyazaki, especially "Spirited Away" and "Princess Mononoke"" as well as "My Neighbor Totoro". Other studios from which inspiration was drawn include Studio 4°C, Production I.G, Polygon Pictures and Studio Ghibli.


title: Anime-influenced animation

text: The same strong resemblance can be seen in "", a reboot of the "Voltron" franchise, this time produced completely by American artists. Lauren Montgomery and Joaquim Dos Santos, both known for their work on the "" and its sequel "The Legend of Korra", served as showrunners while fellow crew member Tim Hedrick served as head writer. Other heavily anime-inspired American-made shows are the Netflix series "Castlevania", created by Warren Ellis, and "Blood of Zeus", created by Charley and Vlas Parlapanides. These anime-influenced series have become defined as "anime" by some sources, in an attempt to classify all Japanese-anime styled works of non-Japanese origin.


title: Anime-influenced animation

text: The American sitcom "The Boondocks" has many anime-style features, and uses Japanese style fighting. It is shown in many scenes, as "Japanese sword styles" have been used.