title: Avatar: The Last Airbender (season 2)

text: Nickelodeon began releasing DVDs for Book 2 on January 23, 2007. The first four DVD releases contain one disc that consisted of five episodes each. The final DVD was the "Complete Book 2 Box Set", which contains all of the episodes in the season on four discs, and packaged with a special features disc. All of the DVD sets for Book 2 were released with Region 1 encoding, meaning that they can only play on North American DVD players. Book 2 was released on Region 2 on July 20, 2009.


title: Newsboys

text: Newsboys (sometimes stylised as newsboys) are a Christian rock band founded in 1985 in Mooloolaba, Queensland, Australia, by Peter Furler and George Perdikis. Now based in Nashville, Tennessee, the band has released 17 studio albums, 6 of which have been certified gold. As of 2019, the band consists of lead vocalist Michael Tait (formerly of DC Talk), drummer and percussionist Duncan Phillips, keyboardist and bassist Jeff Frankenstein, and guitarist Jody Davis. In addition to performing music, the band has appeared in the films "God's Not Dead", "God's Not Dead 2", and "".


title: Newsboys

text: The band was formed in Mooloolaba, Queensland, Australia in 1985 by two young men: Peter Furler and his school mate George Perdikis. Furler and Perdikis practised in a garage on the Sunshine Coast, well known for being a "surfer's paradise". Two other teens were added soon after: Furler's best friend, John James, and bassist Sean Taylor. The band's original name was The News but they changed to Newsboys to prevent confusion with US-based band Huey Lewis and the News. Newsboys came to the United States in late 1987 after getting signed with Refuge Communications and released the album "Read All About It" in 1988 in the United States.


title: Newsboys

text: After signing with Star Song Communications, they released two more albums in 1990 and 1991: "Hell Is for Wimps" and "Boys Will Be Boyz", with its first self-titled video. None of the band's first three albums garnered much attention and the band's line-up changed with every release.


title: Newsboys

text: It wasn't until their 1992 album, "Not Ashamed" (containing a cover of the DeGarmo & Key song "Boycott Hell"), that the band gained notice in the Christian music scene with its second self-titled video that followed a year later. Steve Taylor, a singer-songwriter and producer, began a partnership with the band, producing the band's record and writing most of the lyrics for their songs. Furler remained the band's primary songwriter and beginning with this album began sharing lead vocal duties with James and continued to do so until James' departure. The song "I'm Not Ashamed" uses the chorus from the Nik Kershaw song Wouldn't It Be Good. It is unclear if it was done as a copyright protected parody or used with/without permission since Nik is not credited as a writer.


title: Newsboys

text: In 1994 amidst continued line-up changes (which included the addition of mainstays Jody Davis and Duncan Phillips), the band released "Going Public", their fifth album and first real success. The record proved to be a watershed for the group, winning a 1995 Dove Award for "Rock Album of the Year". It also produced four No. 1 hits: "Spirit Thing", "Real Good Thing", "Truth and Consequences", and, most notably, "Shine". "Shine" won the 1995 Dove for "Rock Recorded Song of the Year". In 2006, CCM Magazine listed "Shine" in the top 10 in its ranking of the 100 Greatest Songs in Christian music.


title: Newsboys

text: The 1996 follow-up album "Take Me to Your Leader" was recorded with an expanded line up with new additions bassist Phil Joel and keyboardist Jeff Frankenstein. The album produced three more pop No. 1 hits: "Reality", "Let It Go", and the title track, two rock No. 1 hits: "Cup O' Tea" and "Breathe", as well as fan favourite and concert staple "Breakfast". This album also won the group's third Dove, this time for "Recorded Music Packaging of the Year". This album spawned the Newsboys' first movie, "Down Under the Big Top" (1996), which was based on the song "Reality".


title: Newsboys

text: In late 1997 just after completing the Take Me To Your Leader Tour and James announced he would be leaving the band to start a preaching ministry. In 2007 he revealed the actual reason was due to a drug and alcohol addiction. With his departure, Furler moved from drums to vocals and auditions were held for the now-vacant drum position. Eventually, Duncan Phillips, who had previously played keyboards and percussion for the band moved over to the drum kit. From 1998 to 2003, the band's line-up of Furler, bassist Phil Joel, guitarist Jody Davis, keyboardist Jeff Frankenstein and Phillips stayed constant and in 1997 Newsboys hit the studio to record Step Up The Microphone


title: Newsboys

text: The first post-James record , "Step Up to the Microphone", sold well and produced four No. 1 hits: "Entertaining Angels", "WooHoo", "Believe", and the title track. It also spawned the Newsboys' live video, "Live One Night In Pennsylvania" a year later. "Entertaining Angels" won the 1999 Dove for "Short Form Music Video of the Year".


title: Newsboys

text: The band returned in 1999 with "Love Liberty Disco", the band's only album to significantly deviate from their pop rock sound. Instead, this particular album featured more of a disco sound. Still, it produced several hits, including the No. 1 hits "Beautiful Sound" and "Good Stuff" as well as the title track. The LLD tour was significantly more popular than the album. This tour featured an inflatable arena, called the Air Dome.


title: Newsboys

text: In 1999, Furler co-founded Inpop Records with Wes Campbell as an independent contemporary Christian music record label.


title: Newsboys

text: In 2000, Newsboys headlined the annual, travelling CCM concert, Festival Con Dios, with Audio Adrenaline and The O.C. Supertones. That same year, Newsboys released a greatest hits compilation, "", which did not include any songs from the "Love Liberty Disco" album, but included four new songs, two of which ("Joy" and "Who?") went to No. 1. After this album the band did not release any new material until the 2002 release of "Thrive", a record that produced two No. 1 singles: "Million Pieces (Kissin' Your Cares Goodbye)" and the praise and worship-driven "It Is You", which proved to be the biggest hit of their career up to that point also with its video, "Thrive: From The Rock And Roll Hall Of Fame". Also in 2002, The Newsboys recorded the track "In the Belly of the Whale" for the end credits of the 2002 movie "".


title: Newsboys

text: After the success of "It Is You", the Newsboys then followed with two praise and worship albums: "" in 2003 and "Devotion" in 2004. Late in 2003, Davis departed and was replaced by Bryan Olesen on guitar. In 2005, The Newsboys co-authored a book of devotions with Jim Laffoon entitled "Our Daily Blog" which was published by Inspiro and released on 1 November. They also recorded their Creation 2005 set for a live DVD to be released with their upcoming album. In 2006, Oleson left the band to focus on his own band Casting Pearls and was replaced by Paul Colman, formerly of Paul Colman Trio.


title: Newsboys

text: More radio hits came in 2006 with a live version of "I Am Free" (originally written by Jon Egan of the Desperation Band), and "Wherever We Go". On 31 October 2006, The Newsboys released a pop/rock record entitled "GO". "GO" featured David Eri as a co-writer and the songs "Something Beautiful" and "In Wonder" were big hits on Christian Radio. That December, Joel announced that he would leave the band to pursue his own projects and albums. On 8 May 2007, the band released "GO Remixed" which was made up of new versions of the songs from "GO" and featured remixes by Tedd T., Jeff Frankenstein, Max Hsu of Superchick and Lee Bridges.


title: Newsboys

text: On 20 November 2007 the Newsboys released their second greatest hits compilation, "The Greatest Hits". The eighteen-song CD also features two new songs "I Fought the La..." and "Stay Strong". This album was followed by "Newsboys Live: Houston We Are GO", a CD/DVD combo recording package of a show from the GO Tour, which was released on 30 September 2008. Also in 2008, the band, with Steve Taylor providing vocals, recorded the song "Yo Ho Hero" for "". In 2007, the band's co-founder George Perdikis renounced Christianity and declared himself an atheist. He had not been involved with the band for seventeen years, nor was he in any way involved with their commercially and critically successful singles or albums.


title: Newsboys

text: On 5 January 2009, Colman announced he would be leaving The Newsboys to return to his solo projects. At the same time, it was announced that Davis would return to the band, after a five-year hiatus. "I am thrilled to be returning to the band and back with my bandmates, who are some of my best friends," says Davis, "this is a big change in my life, and I'm looking forward to the tour and new record with excitement."


title: Newsboys

text: In 2009, it was announced that Furler, having toured with The Newsboys since the band's inception, had decided to step back into a support role and would continue as the band's primary songwriter and producer. Because of this, a replacement lead vocalist was required so the band could continue touring. On 9 March 2009, it was announced that Michael Tait, formerly of dc Talk, would be the new lead singer. "Michael Tait will be touring with the band as lead singer with Furler making special appearances throughout the year. Furler will continue with the band and his trademark songwriting and production will remain as he focuses his professional career toward future Newsboys recordings." On 17 March, Tait performed his first full concert as lead singer in Highlands Ranch, Colorado.


title: Newsboys

text: The Newsboys released the studio album "In the Hands of God" on 5 May on Inpop Records with Max Hsu producing the album. Long-time collaborator Steve Taylor co-wrote all the songs and sang on one song. During their concert of 11 September in Orlando, Furler announced that this would be his final guest appearance with the band.


title: Newsboys

text: The Newsboys' first studio album featuring lead singer Michael Tait, "Born Again", was released on 13 July 2010 and debuted at No. 4 on the "Billboard" 200, their highest debut position, and sold over 45,000 copies in its first week. On 12 October 2010 they released the Christmas album, "Christmas! A Newsboys Holiday" featuring "The Christmas Song" by Tait. In 2011, the song "City to City" from "GO Remixed" was featured in the trailer for the Disney Pixar movie, "Cars 2".


title: Newsboys

text: "God's Not Dead" was released 15 November 2011. Their newest live album, title "Live in Concert: God's Not Dead", came out on 22 October 2012. In the same year they released their single "The League of Incredible Vegetables" for the "VeggieTales" video of the same name. The band released their 16th studio album "Restart" on 10 September 2013. The "Restart Tour" ran from 20 September to 27 October 2013. The band is also a part of the Winter Jam Tour 2013 from November 2013 through March 2014.


title: Newsboys

text: The band appeared in a sequence for the film "God's Not Dead", released in 2014. Michael Tait expressed excitement about the film to The Global Dispatch during an interview, saying that "The movie is powerful because of the whole stance of it…just trying to prove God's existence…sharing the gospel, living the lifestyle, changing the mindset of people around them in this college, in this university." Duncan Phillips added in a similar interview that "Disney's Shane Harper plays a college student whose faith is challenged by his professor, played by Kevin Sorbo from Hercules. Dean Cain from Superman is in it, too. So we got to hang out with a bunch of superheroes. The movie raises a lot of questions and a lot of eyebrows from a culture that questions if there is a God."


title: Newsboys

text: The band then embarked on the "We Believe Tour". They performed at the BigChurchDayOut 2014 and again in 2017. In 2015, the Newsboys started the "We Believe God's Not Dead Tour". "Love Riot" was released in 2016 and a tour followed. The band also appeared in the 2016 film "God's Not Dead 2".


title: Newsboys

text: It was announced in late 2017 that Peter Furler and Phil Joel would participate with Newsboys on the Newsboys United Tour in 2018. Along with the tour, it was announced that the band is doing an album, "United", with Furler and Joel, which was released 10 May 2019. The last tour date with Furler and Joel was in August 2021. The band subsequently released "Stand" on 1 October 2021.


title: Brian Cushing

text: Brian Patrick Cushing (born January 24, 1987) is a former American football linebacker. He played college football at USC, and was drafted by the Houston Texans in the first round of the 2009 NFL Draft and played his entire 9-year career for the Texans from 2009 to 2017 and became the team's all-time leading tackler.


title: Brian Cushing

text: Cushing trained throughout his childhood in Park Ridge, New Jersey. He attended Bergen Catholic High School in Oradell, New Jersey and went on to lead the Crusaders to the 2004 Group IV State Championship as a linebacker, tight end, and running back against Don Bosco Preparatory High School, providing huge plays in the 13–10 win. He was named "2004 North Jersey Player of the Year" by "The Record", and played in the 2005 U.S. Army All-American Bowl alongside future USC teammates Patrick Turner, Rey Maualuga, and Mark Sanchez.


title: Brian Cushing

text: Cushing was recruited by top colleges, including Notre Dame, Georgia, and Penn State before eventually committing to the University of Southern California.


title: Brian Cushing

text: Cushing attended the University of Southern California and played for the USC Trojans football team from 2005 to 2008 under head coach Pete Carroll. Cushing shared the No. 10 jersey with Trojans starting quarterback John David Booty from 2005 to 2007.


title: Brian Cushing

text: Cushing was on Phil Steele's 2007 pre-season All-America team and on the 2007 Bednarik Award and Lott Trophy watch lists.


title: Brian Cushing

text: Cushing returned a failed onside kick attempted by Notre Dame at the Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum for a late fourth-quarter touchdown on November 25, 2006.


title: Brian Cushing

text: On January 1, 2007, Cushing was named the Defensive MVP of the Rose Bowl Game, after recording 2½ sacks and forcing a third-quarter fumble that changed the momentum of the game.


title: Brian Cushing

text: Cushing was named AP 2nd Team All-American as a senior despite having pedestrian statistics (73 tackles, 10½ tackles for loss, & 3 sacks). NFL scouts did not admire Cushing for his statistics, but for his versatility. Fast enough to play inside and outside linebacker and big and strong enough to play defensive end.


title: Brian Cushing

text: Cushing was one of twelve senior USC players, including the four senior linebackers Cushing, Kaluka Maiava, Clay Matthews III and Rey Maualuga, invited to the 2009 NFL Scouting Combine. He also participated in the 2009 Senior Bowl with Maualuga, Matthews, Patrick Turner and others. Alongside fellow USC linebackers Maualuga and Matthews, he was featured on the cover of "Sports Illustrated"'s 2009 NFL Draft Preview magazine, as all three were regarded as potential first-round selections.


title: Brian Cushing

text: Cushing, along with Archie Griffin of Ohio State University, are the only two players in college football history to have competed in the Rose Bowl as starters in all four seasons of their college careers.


title: Brian Cushing

text: Cushing was drafted with the 15th overall pick in the 2009 NFL Draft by the Houston Texans and had one of the best defensive seasons by a rookie in NFL history.


title: Brian Cushing

text: He scored his first career points on October 4, 2009, when he recorded a safety against the Oakland Raiders. This was the first recorded safety by a Texan since the 2002 season.


title: Brian Cushing

text: Cushing was named AFC Defensive Player of the Week for Week 6 of the 2009 NFL Season, becoming the first rookie to earn the award in the 2009 season. In Week 8, Cushing was again named AFC Defensive Player of the Week, becoming the first Texans rookie to win the award twice in one season. Cushing was also named the NFL Defensive Rookie of the Month for November 2009.


title: Brian Cushing

text: Cushing finished tied with Ray Lewis for the AFC lead with 133 tackles and added 4 sacks, 10 pass deflections, 4 interceptions, and 2 forced fumbles. He was selected to the 2010 Pro Bowl as a starter. Cushing was one of three rookies to make it to the Pro Bowl, another being a former USC teammate (Clay Matthews).


title: Brian Cushing

text: On January 5, 2010, Cushing was named the NFL Defensive Rookie of the Year. Cushing is the second Texan to win the award, the first being DeMeco Ryans in 2006.


title: Brian Cushing

text: On May 7, 2010, Adam Schefter of ESPN reported that Cushing would be suspended for the first four games of the 2010 season for violating the NFL's performance-enhancing substances policy, after he tested positive in September 2009 for having above-normal levels of the human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) hormone in his system. Cushing had previously denied rumors of having used performance-enhancing substances prior to being drafted. He then stated that he would undergo further medical tests to determine how hCG entered his system. Cushing still denies that he ever ingested or injected any performance enhancers and claimed the test result could have been from a cancerous tumor.


title: Brian Cushing

text: On May 12, 2010, in a revote of the AP Defensive Rookie of the Year award after his suspension was made public, Cushing again received the most votes, thus retaining his award. His second-team All-Pro status from his rookie season, however, was rescinded by the AP.


title: Brian Cushing

text: During training camp heading into the 2011 season, Cushing was told that he would be switching from outside to inside linebacker due to the new 3–4 defense. They believed that he would not have the speed to get to the outside, despite the fact that he had always been an outside linebacker all through high school.


title: Brian Cushing

text: In 2011, the Houston Texans finished the season with a 10–6 record and made it to the playoffs for the first time in team history. Cushing was named Team MVP and while he wasn't voted to the Pro-Bowl he earned AP 2nd Team All-Pro honors after finishing the season with 114 tackles, 4 sacks, 5 pass deflections, 2 interceptions, and 2 forced fumbles. Houston Texans defensive coordinator, Wade Phillips, called Cushing a "holy phenom" and also said that "he's one of the best I've ever coached, and I've been at it a long time." Cushing said that he will use the fact that he did not make the Pro-Bowl as "motivation and a driving force" to become better. The Texans defeated the Cincinnati Bengals 31–10 in the first round but were defeated by the Baltimore Ravens 20–13 in the Divisional Round.


title: Brian Cushing

text: During the second quarter of the Houston Texans win over the New York Jets on Monday October 8, 2012, Cushing left the game with what appeared to be a knee injury, which was later confirmed to be a torn ACL. He was placed on injured reserve, ending his 2012 season.


title: Brian Cushing

text: Cushing inked a six-year deal with the Houston Texans, a contract extension worth $55.6 million, which included $21 million guaranteed. Averaging $9.2 million for the next six years, the contract was the largest at the time for any inside linebacker, and made him the third highest paid inside linebacker in the NFL.


title: Brian Cushing

text: During the October 20, 2013, game against Kansas City, Cushing broke his fibula and tore his fibular collateral ligament after a low block from Chiefs running back Jamaal Charles in the third quarter. The Texans later announced that he would miss the remainder of the season.


title: Brian Cushing

text: Cushing started the 2014 NFL season well despite being brought along slowly at the start of the season, collecting 37 tackles in the first four games as the Texans opened with an impressive 3–1 record. Cushing had 17 tackles in their loss to the New York Giants, tying the franchise record for tackles in a game.


title: Brian Cushing

text: After being plagued by injuries in the previous two seasons, Cushing completed the 2015 season with 110 tackles. The Texans qualified for the first round of the playoffs but fell to the Kansas City Chiefs 30–0.


title: Brian Cushing

text: During Week 1 against the Chicago Bears on September 11, 2016, Cushing suffered a partially torn MCL but he did not require surgery.


title: Brian Cushing

text: On September 13, 2017, Cushing was suspended for ten games for again violating the NFL's policy on performance-enhancing substances.


title: Brian Cushing

text: On February 20, 2018, Cushing was released by the Texans after nine seasons as the franchise's all-time leading tackler.


title: Brian Cushing

text: On January 29, 2019, Cushing was hired to work with strength and conditioning coaches and offer some assistance to players on defense with the Houston Texans of the National Football League (NFL).


title: Brian Cushing

text: Cushing's mother, Antoinette, is of Polish descent; she was born in 1944 at a German forced labor camp.


title: Brian Cushing

text: Cushing is married to his college sweetheart Megan, an athlete who had success on USC's women's soccer squad; they began dating just prior to Cushing's NFL draft. His sister-in-law is soccer player Kealia Ohai, who is married to his former Texans teammate J. J. Watt. The Cushings have three sons together.


title: 2021–22 Ligue 2

text: The 2021–22 Ligue 2 was the 83rd season of the Ligue 2. The season began on 24 July 2021 and concluded on 14 May 2022. The fixtures were announced on 25 June 2021.


title: 2021–22 Ligue 2

text: A promotion play-off competition was held at the end of the season, involving the 3rd, 4th and 5th-placed teams in 2021–22 Ligue 2, and the 18th-placed team in 2021–22 Ligue 1.


title: 2021–22 Ligue 2

text: "2–2 on aggregate, Auxerre won 5–4 on penalties and were promoted to 2022–23 Ligue 1; Saint-Étienne were relegated to 2022–23 Ligue 2."


title: 2021–22 Ligue 2

text: A relegation play-off was held at the end of the season between the 18th-placed team of the 2021–22 Ligue 2 and the 3rd-placed team of the 2021–22 Championnat National. This was played over two legs on 24 and 29 May.


title: Teen Titans Go! vs. Teen Titans

text: Teen Titans Go! vs. Teen Titans is a direct-to-video animated superhero film, and a crossover between the television series "Teen Titans Go!" and the original "Teen Titans", both of which are adapted from the DC Comics superhero team of the same name. It is also the second Teen Titans Go! movie, after "Teen Titans Go! To the Movies". Warner Bros. announced that a crossover featuring the two teams was being made at Comic-Con on July 21, 2019, followed by a digital release on September 24, then followed by a DVD and Blu-ray release on October 15. The events of the film take place during the fifth season of "Teen Titans Go!" and after the finale of the fifth season of "Teen Titans" and its TV film sequel "". The film premiered on television on Cartoon Network on February 17, 2020.


title: Teen Titans Go! vs. Teen Titans

text: The "Teen Titans Go!" team are battling the Gentleman Ghost as he attempts to rob a bank. He manages to possess Robin and then Starfire, but when attempting the same trick on Raven, he unintentionally cracks her red Ajna chakra gemstone, which awakens her inner demon's dark power and results in his defeat. Trigon reveals that Raven's demonic-half is slowly taking over her and offers to take it away, but she refuses to give it to him.


title: Teen Titans Go! vs. Teen Titans

text: Suddenly, the Titans are abducted by the Master of Games, a being who explores the multiverse with his Worlogog to find the best versions of particular heroes. He pits the 2013 Titans against the original 2003 animated Titans, who agree to fight after the Master of Games threatens to destroy their Earths. 2003 Robin and Cyborg manage to take out all of the 2013 Titans with the exception of Raven. She is coerced into unleashing her demonic power against the 2003 Raven, who snaps her out of it when she realizes the Master of Games is siphoning her demonic energy. The Master of Games then reveals himself to be 2013 Trigon, who uses Raven's energy to partially resurrect 2003 Trigon. The two Trigons kidnap the Ravens and escape to the 2003 Earth to finish absorbing 2013 Raven's dark demonic powers so they can conquer the multiverse.


title: Teen Titans Go! vs. Teen Titans

text: The two Titans teams agree to work together to stop the Trigons and rescue their Ravens. 2003 Robin deduces that the Trigons are using a Worlogog from their Earth to travel between dimensions, so they need a Worlogog from the 2013 dimension, which the 2013 Titans realize belongs to Santa Claus. The two teams battle Santa and Mrs. Claus and escape by using the device to travel between dimensions and eventually make it to the 2003 Earth just after 2003 Trigon completely absorbs 2013 Raven's demonic powers. Fed up with his counterpart's insults, 2013 Trigon consumes 2003 Trigon and transforms into a new and very powerful being named Hexagon.


title: Teen Titans Go! vs. Teen Titans

text: To combat this new threat, 2003 Robin uses their Worlogog to summon Titans teams throughout the multiverse to form the "Titans of Infinite Earths", but to no avail. 2013 Raven evens the odds by eating all of her counterparts and transforms into a black dragon known as "the Unkindness". The Titans destroy Trigon's Worlogog and assist Raven in getting all of her powers back, which sends 2003 Trigon into limbo while 2013 Robin uses their Worlogog to send 2013 Trigon to a zombie dimension.


title: Teen Titans Go! vs. Teen Titans

text: After 2013 Raven accepts her innermost demon self, all of the Teen Titans are sent home to their respective dimensions. Upon returning to their Earth, the 2013 Titans express relief that they do not have to endure another multiverse-threatening crossover for at least another year. Just then, they are attacked by Darkseid, but refuse to battle him out of exhaustion.


title: Teen Titans Go! vs. Teen Titans

text: In a post-credit scene, the 2013 Titans relax at their headquarters, ignoring Darkseid's attack upon Jump City.


title: Teen Titans Go! vs. Teen Titans

text: Characters that make silent appearances: various iterations of the Teen Titans from other dimensions, Terra, Batman, Silkie.


title: Teen Titans Go! vs. Teen Titans

text: The film premiered at the San Diego Comic-Con on July 21, 2019, followed by a digital release on September 24, and a DVD and Blu-ray release on October 15. It also premiered in India on October 22, 2022 in the form of "The Teen Titans Specials" on Cartoon Network.


title: Teen Titans Go! vs. Teen Titans

text: The film has received positive reviews from critics. IGN gave the film an 8 out of 10 stating, "Another awesome animated effort from DC/Warner Bros., "Teen Titans Go! vs. Teen Titans" is a super fun film perfectly primed to debut at San Diego Comic Con. Filled with classic characters and fan-satisfying fun, this chaotic cartoon crossover is sure to delight even the crankiest "Teen Titans" fans and the cheekiest "Teen Titans Go!" diehards. Basically, no matter where you're entering this arena from you'll have a titanic good time as you join these two teams on a multiverse-hopping journey through time, space, and... Santa!"


title: Teen Titans Go! vs. Teen Titans

text: CBR.com gave the film a positive review stating, ""Teen Titans Go! vs. Teen Titans" isn't the most revolutionary film ever, nor does it reach the truly ambitious scale that last year's "Teen Titans Go! To the Movies" or the thematically similar "" managed to be. But as a love letter to the franchise that incorporates plenty of humor and heart, the new movie succeeds. The film proves that no matter what form they come in, the Teen Titans can have compelling and emotional stories, even amidst gags about superhumans fighting Santa's elves."


title: Teen Titans Go! vs. Teen Titans

text: Fanbasepress awarded the film an overall positive, saying "All in all, this is a great movie that both kids and adults alike will love."


title: Teen Titans Go! vs. Teen Titans

text: "Teen Titans Go! vs. Teen Titans" has earned $250,500 from domestic DVD sales and $450,484 from domestic Blu-ray sales, bringing its total domestic home video earnings to $700,984.


title: Teen Titans Go! vs. Teen Titans

text: Warner Bros. Animation released a third "Teen Titans Go!" film, "Teen Titans Go! See Space Jam", where they crossover with "Space Jam" as a way to promote "" in 2021.


title: Teen Titans Go! vs. Teen Titans

text: Warner Bros. Animation also released a fourth "Teen Titans Go!" film, "Teen Titans Go! & DC Super Hero Girls: Mayhem in the Multiverse", where they crossover with "DC Super Hero Girls".


title: The Alamo (1960 film)

text: The Alamo is a 1960 American epic historical war film about the 1836 Battle of the Alamo produced and directed by John Wayne and starring Wayne as Davy Crockett. The film also co-stars Richard Widmark as Jim Bowie and Laurence Harvey as William B. Travis, and features Frankie Avalon, Patrick Wayne, Linda Cristal, Joan O'Brien, Chill Wills, Joseph Calleia, Ken Curtis, Ruben Padilla as Santa Anna, and Richard Boone as Sam Houston. Shot in 70 mm Todd-AO by William H. Clothier, it was released by United Artists.


title: The Alamo (1960 film)

text: The film depicts the Battle of the Alamo and the events leading up to it. Sam Houston leads the forces of Texas against Mexico and needs time to build an army. The opposing Mexican forces, led by General Santa Anna, are numerically stronger as well as better-armed and -trained. Nevertheless, the Texans have spirit and morale remains generally high. Lieutenant Colonel William Travis is tasked with defending the Alamo, a former mission in San Antonio. Jim Bowie comes with reinforcements and the defenders prepare. Meanwhile, Davy Crockett arrives with a group of Tennesseans.


title: The Alamo (1960 film)

text: Santa Anna's armies arrive and surround the fort. The siege begins. An embassy from the Mexican Army approaches the Alamo, and as they list the terms of surrender, Travis fires a cannon, signalling his refusal to surrender. In a nighttime raid, the Texans sabotage a super-sized cannon used by the Mexicans. They maintain high hopes as they are told a strong force led by Colonel James Fannin is on its way to break the siege. Crockett, however, sensing an imminent attack, sends one of his younger men, Smitty, to ask Houston for help, knowing this will perhaps save Smitty's life.


title: The Alamo (1960 film)

text: The Mexicans frontally attack the Alamo. The defenders hold out and inflict heavy losses on the Mexicans, although the Texans' own losses are not insignificant, and Bowie sustains a leg wound. Morale drops when a messenger informs Travis that Fannin's reinforcements have been ambushed and slaughtered by the Mexicans. The depiction is one of the many glaring historical inaccuracies plaguing the production, as Fannin’s troop massacre actually took place three weeks after the fall of the Alamo, his failure to reinforce the Alamo usually attributable to Fannin’s logistical ineptitude. Travis chooses to stay with his command and defend the Alamo, but he gives the other defenders the option of leaving. Crockett, Bowie and their men prepare to leave, but an inspired tribute by Travis convinces them to stay and fight to the end. The noncombatants, including most of the women and children, leave the Alamo.


title: The Alamo (1960 film)

text: On the thirteenth day of the siege, Santa Anna's artillery bombards the Alamo, and the entire Mexican army sweeps forward, attacking on all sides. The defenders kill numerous Mexicans, but the attack is overwhelming and the fortress' walls are breached. Travis tries to rally the men, but is shot and killed. Crockett leads the Texans in the final defense of the fort, but the Mexicans swarm through and overwhelm the defenders. Crockett is killed in the chaos when he is run through by a lance and then blown up as he ignites the powder magazine. Bowie, in bed with his wound, kills several Mexicans but is bayoneted and dies. As the last Texan is killed, the Mexican soldiers discover the hiding place of the wife and child of Texan defender Captain Dickinson.


title: The Alamo (1960 film)

text: The battle eventually ends with a total victory for the Mexicans. Santa Anna observes the carnage and provides safe passage for Mrs. Dickinson and her child. Smitty returns too late, watching from a distance. He takes off his hat in respect and then escorts Mrs. Dickinson away from the battlefield.


title: The Alamo (1960 film)

text: The subplot follows the conflict existing among the strong-willed personalities of Travis, Bowie, and Crockett. Travis stubbornly defends his decisions as commander of the garrison against the suggestions of the other two - particularly Bowie with whom the most bitter conflict develops - as well as trying to maintain discipline among a force made up primarily of independently minded frontiersmen and settlers. Crockett, well liked by both Bowie and Travis, eventually becomes a mediator between the other two as Bowie constantly threatens to withdraw his men rather than deal with Travis. Despite their personal conflicts, all three learn to subordinate their differences, and in the end, bind themselves together in an act of bravery to defend the fort against inevitable defeat.


title: The Alamo (1960 film)

text: By 1945, John Wayne had decided to make a movie about the 1836 Battle of the Alamo. He hired James Edward Grant as scriptwriter, and the two began researching the battle and preparing a draft script. They hired John Ford's son Patrick (who wrote a screenplay about the battle in 1948) as a research assistant. As the script neared completion, however, Wayne and Herbert Yates, the president of Republic Pictures, clashed over the proposed $3 million budget. Wayne left Republic over the feud but was unable to take his script with him. That script later was rewritten and made into the movie "The Last Command" with Jim Bowie the character of focus.


title: The Alamo (1960 film)

text: Wayne and producer Robert Fellows formed Batjac, their own production company. As Wayne developed his vision of what a movie about the Alamo should be, he concluded he did not want to risk seeing that vision changed; he would produce and direct the movie himself, though not act in it. However, he was unable to enlist financial support for the project without the presumptive box-office guarantee his on-screen appearance would provide. In 1956, he signed with United Artists; UA would contribute $2.5 million to the movie's development and serve as distributor. In exchange, Batjac was to contribute an additional $1.5 to $2.5 million, and Wayne would star in the movie. Wayne secured the remainder of the financing from wealthy Texans who insisted the movie be shot in Texas. After the movie was finished, Wayne admitted he invested $1.5 million of his own money in the film (taking out second mortgages on his houses and using his vehicles as collateral to obtain loans) and believed it was a good investment.


title: The Alamo (1960 film)

text: The movie set, later known as Alamo Village, was constructed near Brackettville, Texas, on the ranch of James T. Shahan. Chatto Rodriquez, the general contractor of the set, built of tarred roads for access to the set from Brackettville. His men sank six wells to provide 12,000 gallons of water each day, and laid miles of sewage and water lines. They also built of horse corrals.


title: The Alamo (1960 film)

text: Rodriquez worked with art designer Alfred Ybarra to create the set. Historians Randy Roberts and James Olson describe it as "the most authentic set in the history of the movies". Over a million-and-a-quarter adobe bricks were formed by hand to create the walls of the former Alamo Mission. The set was an extensive three-quarter-scale replica of the mission, and has been used in other Western films and television series, including other depictions of the battle. It took almost two years to construct.


title: The Alamo (1960 film)

text: Wayne was to have portrayed Sam Houston, a bit part that would have let him focus on his first major directing effort, but investors insisted he play a leading character. He took on the role of Davy Crockett, handing the part of Houston to Richard Boone. Wayne cast Richard Widmark as Jim Bowie and Laurence Harvey as William Barrett Travis. Harvey was chosen because Wayne admired British stage actors and he wanted "British class". When production became tense, Harvey spoke lines from Shakespeare in a Texan accent. Other roles went to family and close friends of Wayne, including his son Patrick Wayne and daughter Aissa.


title: The Alamo (1960 film)

text: John Wayne had made "Rio Bravo" (1959) with singer Ricky Nelson in a supporting role to attract teen audiences. It had worked, so he hired Frankie Avalon to perform a similar function. According to Avalon, "Wayne had seen some of the rushes from "Timberland" and thought I would be right". After making the film, Wayne told the press: "We're not cutting one bit of any scene in which Frankie appears. I believe he is the finest young talent I've seen in a long time". "Mr. Wayne said I was natural as far as acting goes", said Avalon.


title: The Alamo (1960 film)

text: Several days after filming began, Widmark complained he had been miscast and tried to leave. Among other things, it seemed ridiculous that the relatively diminutive (5'9") Widmark would be playing the "larger than life" Bowie, who was a reported 6'6". After threats of legal action, he agreed to finish the picture. During the filming he had Burt Kennedy rewrite his lines.


title: The Alamo (1960 film)

text: Avalon says: "There may have been some conflict with Widmark in portraying the role that he did, but I didn't see any of that. All I know is he was tough to work for without a doubt because he [Wayne] wanted it his way and he wanted professionalism. He wanted everybody to know their lines and be on their mark and do what he wanted them to do".


title: The Alamo (1960 film)

text: Sammy Davis, Jr. asked Wayne for the part of a slave, for he wanted to break out of performing song and dance. Some producers blocked the move, apparently because Davis was dating white actress May Britt.


title: The Alamo (1960 film)

text: Wayne's mentor John Ford showed up uninvited and attempted to exert undue influence on the film. Wayne sent him off to shoot unnecessary second-unit footage in order to maintain his own authority. Virtually nothing of Ford's footage was used, but Ford erroneously is described as an uncredited co-director.


title: The Alamo (1960 film)

text: According to many people involved in the film, Wayne was an intelligent and gifted director despite a weakness for the long-winded dialogue of James Edward Grant, his favorite screenwriter. Roberts and Olson describe his direction as "competent, but not outstanding". Widmark complained that Wayne would try to tell him and other actors how to play their parts which sometimes went against their own interpretation of characters.


title: The Alamo (1960 film)

text: Filming began on September 9, 1959. Some actors, notably Frankie Avalon, were intimidated by rattlesnakes. Crickets were everywhere, often ruining shots by jumping on actors' shoulders or chirping loudly.


title: The Alamo (1960 film)

text: A bit player, LeJean Ethridge, died in a domestic dispute during filming, and Wayne was called to testify at an inquest.


title: The Alamo (1960 film)

text: Harvey forgot that a firing cannon has a recoil; during the scene in which, as Travis, he fires in response to a surrender demand, the cannon came down on his foot, breaking it. Because he did not scream in pain until after Wayne had called "Cut", Wayne praised his professionalism.


title: The Alamo (1960 film)

text: Filming ended on December 15. A total of 560,000 feet of film was produced for 566 scenes. Despite the scope of the filming, it lasted only three weeks longer than scheduled. By the end of development, the film had been edited to three hours and 13 minutes.


title: The Alamo (1960 film)

text: The score was composed by Dimitri Tiomkin, and most famously featured the song "The Green Leaves of Summer", with music by Tiomkin and lyrics by Paul Francis Webster. The song was performed on the soundtrack by The Brothers Four whose rendition reached #65 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart; it has been covered by many artists.


title: The Alamo (1960 film)

text: Another well known song from this film is "Ballad of the Alamo" (with Paul Francis Webster), which was performed on the soundtrack by Marty Robbins. Frankie Avalon released a cover version as did the folk duo Bud & Travis whose rendition (with "The Green Leaves of Summer" on the flip side) reached #64 on the Billboard chart. Members of the Western Writers of America chose it as one of the Top 100 Western songs of all time.


title: The Alamo (1960 film)

text: The original soundtrack album has been issued on Columbia Records, Varèse Sarabande, and Ryko Records. In 2010, a complete score containing recorded versions of Tiomkin's music was issued on Tadlow Music/Prometheus Records, as conducted by Nic Raine and played by the City of Prague Philharmonic Orchestra. This release contains previously unreleased material.


title: The Alamo (1960 film)

text: Wayne hired publicist Russell Birdwell to coordinate the media campaign. Birdwell convinced seven states to declare an Alamo Day and sent information to elementary schools around the United States to assist in teaching about the Alamo.


title: The Alamo (1960 film)

text: The film does little to explain the causes of the Texas Revolution or why the battle took place. Alamo historian Timothy Todish claims that "there is not a single scene in "The Alamo" which corresponds to a historically verifiable incident". One particularly ridiculous scene has a courier character (played by Wayne’s son Patrick) report that Goliad’s Col. Fannin would not provide reinforcements, because his troops had “been massacred,” even though that event transpired over two weeks after the fall of the Alamo. Historians James Frank Dobie and Lon Tinkle demanded their names be removed as historical advisors.


title: The Alamo (1960 film)

text: Wayne's daughter Aissa wrote about her father's project: "I think making "The Alamo" became my father's own form of combat. More than an obsession, it was the most intensely personal project in his career". Many of Wayne's associates agreed that the film was a political platform for Wayne. Many of the statements that his character made reflected Wayne's anti-communist views. To be sure, there is an overwhelming theme of freedom and the right of individuals to make their own decisions. One may point to a scene in which Wayne, as Crockett, remarks: "Republic. I like the sound of the word. Means that people can live free, talk free, go or come, buy or sell, be drunk or sober, however they choose. Some words give you a feeling. Republic is one of those words that makes me tight in the throat".


title: The Alamo (1960 film)

text: The film draws elements from the Cold War environment in which it was produced. According to Roberts and Olson, "the script evokes parallels between Santa Anna's Mexico and Khruschchev's Soviet Union as well as Hitler's Germany. All three demanded lines in the sand and resistance to death".


title: The Alamo (1960 film)

text: Many of the minor characters, at some point during the film, speak about freedom and/or death, and their sentiments may have reflected Wayne's own viewpoint.


title: The Alamo (1960 film)

text: Though the film had a large box-office take, its cost kept it from being a success, and Wayne lost his personal investment. He sold his rights to United Artists, which had released it, and it made back its money.


title: The Alamo (1960 film)

text: Critical response was mixed, from the "New York Herald Tribune"s four-star "a magnificent job... Visually and dramatically, "The Alamo" is top-flight" to "Time" magazine's "flat as Texas".


title: The Alamo (1960 film)

text: The film is thought to have been denied awards because Academy voters were alienated by an overblown publicity campaign, particularly one "Variety" ad claiming that the film's cast was praying harder for Chill Wills to win his award than the defenders of the Alamo prayed for their lives before the battle. The ad, placed by Wills, reportedly angered Wayne, who took out an ad of his own deploring Wills's tastelessness. In response to Wills's ad, claiming that all the voters were his "Alamo Cousins", Groucho Marx took out a small ad which simply said "Dear Mr. Wills, I am delighted to be your cousin, but I voted for Sal Mineo" (Wills's rival nominee for "Exodus").


title: The Alamo (1960 film)

text: Wayne provided a clip of the film for use in "How the West Was Won". Despite being anachronistic ("How the West Was Won" begins in 1839 and the Alamo fell in 1836), the clip occurs near the beginning of the second half of the film, as Spencer Tracy narrates the events that led up to the American Civil War.


title: The Alamo (1960 film)

text: "The Alamo" was nominated for seven Academy Awards (winning for Best Sound). Its successful bid for several Oscar nominations over such films as "Psycho" (which received four nominations) and "Spartacus" (which received six) was largely due to intense lobbying by producer John Wayne.


title: The Alamo (1960 film)

text: Chill Wills' campaign for the Best Supporting Actor award was considered tasteless by many, including Wayne, who publicly apologized for Wills. Wills took out an advertisement in "The Hollywood Reporter" claiming that "We of the Alamo cast are praying harder - than the real Texans prayed for their lives in the Alamo - for Chill Wills to win the Oscar". Wayne took out his own advertisement calling the claim "untrue and reprehensible" and that he was sure that Wills' "intentions were not as bad as his taste". Wills' publicity agent, W.S. "Bow-Wow" Wojciechowicz, accepted blame for the ill-advised effort, claiming that Wills had known nothing about it.


title: The Alamo (1960 film)

text: "The Alamo" premiered at its 70 mm roadshow length of 202 minutes, including overture, intermission, and exit music, but was cut severely for wide release. UA re-edited it to 167 minutes. The 202-minute version was believed lost until Bob Bryden, a Canadian fan, realized he had seen the full version in the 1970s. He and Alamo collector Ashley Ward discovered the last known surviving print of the 70 mm premiere version in Toronto, in pristine condition. MGM (UA's sister studio) used this print to make a digital video transfer of the roadshow version for VHS and LaserDisc release.


title: The Alamo (1960 film)

text: The print was taken apart and deteriorated in storage. By 2007, it was unavailable in any useful form. MGM used the shorter, general release version for subsequent DVD releases. At present, the only existing version of the original uncut roadshow release is on standard definition 480i digital video. It is the source for broadcasts on Turner Classic Movies. The best available actual film elements are of the 35 mm negatives of the general release version.


title: The Alamo (1960 film)

text: A restoration of the deteriorating print found in Toronto, supervised by Robert A. Harris, was envisaged but to date is not underway. The endangered version is the 70 mm uncut roadshow version (202 min). The cut 167-minute version still exists in decent condition in 35 mm.


title: The Alamo (1960 film)

text: In 2014, an Internet campaign was formed urging MGM to restore "The Alamo" from the deteriorating 70mm elements. This garnered some publicity from KENS-TV in San Antonio, and attention from filmmakers such as J. J. Abrams, Matt Reeves, Rian Johnson, Guillermo del Toro, Alfonso Cuarón, and Alejandro González Iñárritu. In his 2014 biography of Wayne, "John Wayne: The Life and Legend" author Scott Eyman states that the full-length Toronto print has deteriorated to the point where it is now unusable. A prevailing critical point of view held the film already contained so much sludge,


title: The Alamo (1960 film)

text: especially Crockett’s contrived and unhistorical romantic interlude, even the 167 minute version was hard to endure.


title: Georgia Hirst

text: Georgia Octavia Hirst (born 26 December 1994) is an English actress. She is known for her roles as the maiden Torvi in the History series "Vikings" (2014–2020) and Becky in the zombie horror movie "Ravers" (2018).


title: Georgia Hirst

text: Hirst was born on Boxing Day in Oxford. She is the daughter of writer Michael Hirst. Her older half-sister Maude Hirst appeared alongside her in "Vikings". Hirst trained in acting at the Drama Centre London.


title: Georgia Hirst

text: Hirst dedicated most of her early acting career to playing the character Torvi in the television series "Vikings"; the character debuted in the second season in 2013. She was promoted to series regular during the sixth season.


title: Georgia Hirst

text: In 2018, Hirst was the sole actor in the Stephen Gates directed short film "Dungeness", and starred as Becky in the 2018 techno music zombie horror movie "Ravers", which had its world premiere at the 2018 London FrightFest Film Festival. In 2020, Hirst played the role of Grace in the interactive rom-com "Five Dates".


title: Georgia Hirst

text: In 2021, Hirst joined The Celebs to record a cover of The Beatles classic "Let It Be", in support of the Mind charity and released on 3rd December 2021. Hirst was part of a choir of celebrities including Anne Hegerty, Ivan Kaye and Eunice Olumide, who were backing EastEnders actress Shona McGarty.


title: Georgia Hirst

text: In 2017, Hirst made an appearance on Sky News where she urged young female fans to go ahead with smear tests after she had herself been diagnosed with precancerous cells at the age of 22. Hirst followed this by appearing in a Mika Simmons podcast, "The Happy Vagina" on the same topic.


title: Super Mario Land

text: Super Mario Land is a 1989 side-scrolling platform video game developed and published by Nintendo as a launch game for its Game Boy handheld game console. It is the first "Mario" platform game to have been released for a handheld console. In gameplay similar to that of the 1985 "Super Mario Bros.", but resized for the smaller device's screen, the player advances Mario to the end of 12 levels by moving to the right and jumping across platforms to avoid enemies and pitfalls. Unlike the other "Mario" games, "Super Mario Land" is set in Sarasaland, a new environment depicted in line art, and Mario pursues the debuting Princess Daisy. The game has two "Gradius"-style shooter levels.


title: Super Mario Land

text: At Nintendo CEO Hiroshi Yamauchi's request, Game Boy creator Gunpei Yokoi's Nintendo R&D1 developed a "Mario" game to sell the new console. It is the first handheld console "Mario" game and the first to be made without Mario creator and Yokoi protégé Shigeru Miyamoto. Accordingly, the development team shrunk gameplay elements for the device and used some elements inconsistently from the series. "Super Mario Land" was expected to showcase the console until Nintendo of America bundled "Tetris". The game launched alongside the Game Boy first in Japan in April 1989, and later worldwide. "Super Mario Land" was rereleased for the Nintendo 3DS via Virtual Console in 2011, which features some presentation tweaks.


title: Super Mario Land

text: The game was lauded by critics, who were satisfied with the franchise's transition to the Game Boy, but noted its short length; both contemporaneous and retrospective reviewers particularly praised its soundtrack. The handheld console became an immediate success and more than 18 million copies of "Super Mario Land" were sold, more than "Super Mario Bros. 3". The game received two sequels, including "" (1992) and "" (1994), the latter of which would later be spun-off into its own sub-series, "Wario Land". "Super Mario Land" has been included in several top Game Boy game lists and debuted Princess Daisy as a recurring "Mario" series character.


title: Super Mario Land

text: As a side-scrolling platform game and the first in the "Super Mario Land" series, "Super Mario Land" is similar in gameplay to the "Super Mario Bros." series. As Mario, the player advances to the end of the level by moving to the right and jumping across platforms to avoid enemies and pitfalls, the screen only scrolls to the right, as the player advances, but will not scroll back to the left, and sections of a level that have passed off screen cannot be revisited. Mario travels to Sarasaland to save Princess Daisy from Tatanga, an evil spaceman. Two of the game's twelve levels are "forced-scrolling" "Gradius"-style shooters where Mario helms a submarine or airplane and fires projectiles towards oncoming enemies, destructible blocks and bosses. Levels end with a platforming challenge to reach an alternative exit located above the regular exit, the former leading to a chutes and ladders style bonus minigame that awards 1 to 3 extra lives or a Superball Flower power-up.


title: Super Mario Land

text: Unlike the other "Mario" games, which take place in the Mushroom Kingdom, "Super Mario Land" is set in Sarasaland and drawn in line art. Mario pursues Princess Daisy, in her debut, rather than the series standard damsel in distress, Princess Peach. When jumped on, Koopa shells explode after a small delay, Mario throws bouncing balls rather than fireballs (referred to as "Superballs" in the manual), 1-Up Mushroom power-ups are depicted as hearts, and the level-end flagpoles are replaced with a platforming challenge. Compared to "Super Mario Bros.", which contains 32 levels subdivided into 8 "worlds" with 4 levels each, "Super Mario Land" is smaller, with 12 levels subdivided into 4 "worlds" with 3 levels each. There are five unique bosses, one at the end of each of the four worlds, and a fifth and final boss being Tatanga, who appears when the fourth boss is defeated. The first three bosses may be destroyed with projectiles, or the player may move past them to the exit without destroying them first; the last level has no regular exit, and the two bosses at the end of that level must be destroyed with projectiles to complete the level and the game. Some elements recur from the previous "Mario" games, such as blocks suspended in midair, moving platforms that must be used to traverse pitfalls, pipes that lead to other areas, collectible coins that grant an extra life when 100 are collected, and Goomba enemies. After the player has completed the game they may play through again on a harder mode, in which the levels are the same apart from enemies being more numerous; if the player completes the harder mode, the game allows the player to start another play on any level in the game.


title: Super Mario Land

text: "Super Mario Land" was developed by Nintendo R&D1 and published by Nintendo in 1989 as a launch game for its Game Boy handheld console. Nintendo CEO Hiroshi Yamauchi believed that fun games promote console sales, so when the company created the Game Boy, he wanted a fun game featuring Nintendo's mascot, Mario. The task came to Nintendo R&D1, a development team led by Game Boy inventor Gunpei Yokoi. Yokoi had previously created the Game & Watch series and worked with his protégé, Shigeru Miyamoto, on the game that invented Mario, "Donkey Kong". "Super Mario Land" is the fourth "Super Mario" game, the first portable Mario game, and the first in the series to be made without Miyamoto.


title: Super Mario Land

text: Absent Miyamoto's direction, the development team used elements new and inconsistent with the series as "Super Mario Land" shrunk elements of the series to fit the portable device's small screen. Yokoi, the head of R&D1, served as producer, and Satoru Okada served as director. They had previously developed "Metroid" (1986) and "Kid Icarus" (1986) together, and the two subsequently designed the Game Boy—Yokoi on its industrial design, and Okada on its engineering. Their "Super Mario Land" was planned as the portable console's showcase title until Henk Rogers brought "Tetris" to Nintendo of America and convinced Minoru Arakawa that the addictive computer game would help Nintendo reach the largest audience. The company subsequently chose to bundle "Tetris" with every Game Boy purchase.


title: Super Mario Land

text: The Game Boy was released in Japan in April 1989, North America in July, and Europe in September 1990, and "Super Mario Land" became a launch game. Its official first release was on April 21, 1989, in Japan, and its North American release followed in August. About 22 years later, "Super Mario Land" was released for the Nintendo 3DS via Virtual Console on June 6, 2011, as one of its opening games. Its new features include an increased size (about 60 percent zoom) and an optional "shades of green" color palette to match the effect of the original Game Boy's monochrome.


title: Super Mario Land

text: Following the Game Boy's "overnight success", "Super Mario Land" became the second best-selling 1989 release in North America (below Nintendo's Tetris"). "Super Mario Land" went on to sell more than 18 million copies worldwide—more than that of "Super Mario Bros. 3" (1988).


title: Super Mario Land

text: In the United States, the game topped Babbage's Game Boy sales charts for two months in 1992, from August to September.


title: Super Mario Land

text: Many critics saw "Super Mario Land" as a "smaller" and shorter version of "Super Mario Bros." At the time of its release in 1989, reviewers were excited to have a portable "Mario" game. Paul Rand of "Computer and Video Games" called the game "an arcade machine in your pocket" and the graphics "remarkable" for their size. French games magazine "" said that "Super Mario Land" adequately compromised where necessary to bring Mario to a portable device. "Electronic Gaming Monthly"s Steve Harris considered the game "fantastic" and "very fun to play", though short. Ed Semrad and Donn Nauert of the same outlet both declared "Super Mario Land" "easily the best Game Boy cart" of the time.


title: Super Mario Land

text: Tony Mott of "Superplay" said the game proved that Nintendo's Game Boy "had playability to match" its competitors. Matt Regan of "Mean Machines" agreed: "Playability to the nth degree!". British magazines "Mean Machines" and "The Games Machine" both commented on the many secrets to find. "Player One" too complimented the music. "Player One" further pronounced "Super Mario Land" a "masterpiece", "the pinnacle of portable video gaming".


title: Super Mario Land

text: IGN's Lucas Thomas wrote that the protagonist, enemies, and overall game were shorter, and noted that Mario himself was just 12 pixels in height on the Game Boy's small screen. With this in mind, Thomas was concerned about player "eyestrain" in rereleases of the game. Still, IGN's Levi Buchanan thought the game made no compromises in its size reduction. "Complex"s Gus Turner wrote that the graphics were "simple", and "Official Nintendo Magazine" said the game was "ridiculously short". "Eurogamer" reported that the game could be finished in under an hour.


title: Super Mario Land

text: "Complex"s Gus Turner wrote that the game had the fun, intuitiveness, and difficulty associated with the series. "Eurogamer"s Chris Schilling called Hirokazu Tanaka's soundtrack "surely one of the all-time greats", and "Official Nintendo Magazine" said it was among the "greatest videogame music ever composed". "Eurogamer" and "Complex" too complimented the music.


title: Super Mario Land

text: The game began a "Super Mario Land" series of portable Mario games. "" added a non-linear overworld and introduced villain Wario, an evil version of Mario. The subsequent "" began the "Wario" franchise. After 19 years, the 2011 game "Super Mario 3D Land" for the Nintendo 3DS became Mario's first game in stereoscopic 3D. Audrey Drake of IGN argued that both "Wario Land" and "Super Mario 3D Land" are not "legitimate sequels", and wrote that the latter seems more like ""Super Mario Bros. 3" with "Mario Galaxy" influences" than a successor to "Super Mario Land 2". The "Superball Flower" appears in "Super Mario Maker 2" as an unlockable power-up item, usable only in the "Super Mario Bros." style.


title: Super Mario Land

text: "Super Mario Land" is remembered for its miniaturized "Super Mario" elements and "twist on just about every Mario mainstay imaginable". Many of its new elements do not recur later in the series, making "Super Mario Land" strange compared to the rest of the series, or what IGN's Thomas described as a "singular oddball". IGN's Marc Nix said retrospectively that "Super Mario Land" was the only uninspired "Mario" game, with "funky voids of white" and UFOs instead of the "strikingly original" Mushroom Kingdom. "Mean Machines" was also put off by the alien theme, easy difficulty, and dot matrix screen blur. IGN's Travis Fahs wrote that the game was comparatively not as "ambitious" as "Super Mario Bros. 3". "Mean Machines" said it was not "a true "Mario" game", not worth its originally high review score, and "in retrospect, not really a classic". Glen Fox of "Nintendo Life" agreed, writing that it was an impressive achievement at the time but did not age as well as other "Mario" games.


title: Super Mario Land

text: "Eurogamer"s Schilling wrote that Mario felt different—lighter, with more friction—and that the game felt "radical and distinctive" for the risks it took. IGN's Thomas cited "out of place" gameplay elements like the shooter levels, exploding Koopa shells, non-extinguishing fireballs, and non-Princess Peach plot as departures from the series. Thomas attributed this to "Mario" creator Miyamoto's lack of involvement in the game's development, which he described as "famously hands-off". Schilling of "Eurogamer" instead blamed the Game Boy's technical limitations. But he too was perplexed by the new sphinx, seahorse, and Moai head enemies, and considered the exploding Koopa shells a "cruel trick" disdainful of the series' core gameplay. "Super Mario Land"s shooter levels, new to the series, were not revisited in subsequent "Super Mario" games except the "Maker" games. Subsequent series games such as "Super Mario Land 2" both dropped the original's tiny scale and chose the classic fire flower fireballs over the first installment's bouncing balls.


title: Super Mario Land

text: The game was included in multiple rankings of top Game Boy games, and "Official Nintendo Magazine" listed it at 73 in its top 100 Nintendo games. After her debut in "Super Mario Land", Princess Daisy appears in later "Mario" series sports and racing games.


title: Super Mario Land

text: The song "Supermarioland" (1992) by British group Ambassadors of Funk was inspired by the game and became a novelty hit, appearing in the UK top ten charts. Simon Harris, the mastermind behind Ambassadors of Funk, said that he initially had no intention to create "Super Mario" themed compositions, but after his friend introduced him to Nintendo's Game Boy console, he became fond of the theme music from "Super Mario Land", composed by Hirokazu Tanaka. He realised that the songs on the game's score had a similar tempo to house music, so he was able to incorporate the samples into "Supermarioland" easily, recruiting Einstein to provide the rap vocals. After Harris created the track, he contacted Nintendo to clear the music samples, and the company, liking what Harris had done, also requested that he and Einstein record an album of "Super Mario" material. Nintendo UK quickly began to promote and market "Supermarioland", even providing an actor for the music video, but Nintendo of America was difficult to contact, and the track was never released in the United States. Mario's designer, Shigeru Miyamoto, approved the project, and the album, titled "Super Mario Compact Disco", was released in Japan in August 1993, featuring tracks from other Mario games such as "Super Mario Bros. 3" and "Super Mario Kart".


title: Slinky

text: The Slinky is a helical spring toy invented by Richard James in the early 1940s. It can perform a number of tricks, including travelling down a flight of steps end-over-end as it stretches and re-forms itself with the aid of gravity and its own momentum, or appear to levitate for a period of time after it has been dropped. These interesting characteristics have contributed to its success as a toy in its home country of the United States, resulting in many popular toys with slinky components in a wide range of countries.


title: Slinky

text: The Slinky was invented and developed by American naval engineer Richard T. James in 1943 and demonstrated at Gimbels department store in Philadelphia in November 1945. The toy was a hit, selling its entire inventory of 400 units in 90 minutes. James and his wife Betty formed James Industries in Clifton Heights, Pennsylvania to manufacture Slinky and several related toys such as the Slinky Dog and Suzie, the Slinky Worm. In 1960, James's wife Betty James became president of James Industries, and, in 1964, moved it back to Hollidaysburg, Pennsylvania. In 1998 she sold the company to Poof Products, Inc.


title: Slinky

text: The Slinky was originally priced at $1, but many paid much more due to price increases of spring steel in Pennsylvania. It has, however, remained modestly priced throughout its history as a result of Betty James' concern about the toy's affordability for less affluent customers. In addition to its use as a toy, it has been used as a classroom teaching tool; as a portable and extendable radio antenna in wartime (particularly the Vietnam War); and in NASA physics demonstrations, as when astronaut Margaret Rhea Seddon demonstrated its behavior in zero gravity during a telecast from the Discovery Space Shuttle in 1985. It was inducted into the National Toy Hall of Fame at The Strong in Rochester, New York in 2000. In 2003, it was named to the Toy Industry Association's Century of Toys List. In its first 60 years, about 300 million have been sold.


title: Slinky

text: In 1943, Richard T James, a naval mechanical engineer stationed at the William Cramp & Sons shipyards in Philadelphia, was developing springs that could support and stabilize sensitive instruments aboard ship in rough seas. James "accidentally" knocked one of the springs from a shelf, and watched as the spring "stepped" in a series of arcs to a stack of books, to a tabletop, and to the floor, where it re-coiled itself and stood upright. James's wife Betty later recalled, "He came home and said, 'I think if I got the right property of steel and the right tension; I could make it walk.'" James experimented with different types of steel wire over the next year, and finally found a spring that would walk. Betty was dubious at first, but changed her mind after the toy was fine-tuned and neighborhood children expressed an excited interest in it. She dubbed the toy Slinky (meaning "sleek and graceful"), after finding the word in a dictionary, and deciding that the word aptly described the sound of a metal spring expanding and collapsing.


title: Slinky

text: With a USD $500 loan, the couple formed James Industries (originally James Spring & Wire Company), had 400 Slinky units made by a local machine shop, hand-wrapped each in yellow paper, and priced them at $1 a piece. Each was 2" tall, and included 98 coils of high-grade blue-black Swedish steel. The Jameses had difficulty selling Slinky to toy stores but, in November 1945, they were granted permission to set up an inclined plane in the toy section of Gimbels department store in Philadelphia to demonstrate the toy. Slinky was a hit, and the first 400 units were sold within ninety minutes. In 1946, Slinky was introduced at the American Toy Fair.


title: Slinky

text: Richard James opened shop in Albany, New York, after developing a machine that could produce a Slinky within seconds. The toy was packaged in a black-lettered box, and advertising saturated America. James often appeared on television shows to promote Slinky. In 1952, the Slinky Dog debuted. Other Slinky toys introduced in the 1950s included the Slinky train Loco, the Slinky worm Suzie, and the Slinky Crazy Eyes, a pair of glasses that uses Slinkys over the eyeholes attached to plastic eyeballs. James Industries licensed the patent (US 2,415,012) to several other manufacturers including Wilkening Mfg. Co. of Philadelphia and Toronto which produced spring-centered toys such as Mr. Wiggle's Leap Frog and Mr. Wiggle's Cowboy. In its first 10 years, James Industries sold 100 million Slinkys (At $1 apiece, that would be the equivalent to $6 billion, adjusted for inflation, in gross revenue over those 5 years).


title: Slinky

text: In 1960 Richard James left the company after his wife filed for divorce and he became an evangelical missionary in Bolivia with Wycliffe Bible Translators. Betty James managed the company, juggled creditors, and in 1964 moved the company to Hollidaysburg, Pennsylvania. Richard James died in 1974. The company and its product line expanded under Betty James’s leadership. In 1995, she explained the toy's success to the Associated Press by saying, "It's the simplicity of it."


title: Slinky

text: Betty James insisted upon keeping the original Slinky affordable. In 1996, when the price ranged from $1.89 to $2.69, she told "The New York Times": "So many children can’t have expensive toys, and I feel a real obligation to them. I’m appalled when I go Christmas shopping and $60 to $80 for a toy is nothing." In 2008, Slinkys cost $4 to $5, and Slinky Dogs about $20.


title: Slinky

text: In 1998 James Industries was sold to Poof Products, Inc. of Plymouth, Michigan, a manufacturer of foam sports balls. Slinky continued production in Hollidaysburg. In 2003, James Industries merged with Poof Products, Inc., to create Poof-Slinky, Inc.


title: Slinky

text: Betty James died of congestive heart failure in November 2008, age 90, after having served as president of James Industries from 1960 to 1998. Over 300 million Slinkys have been sold between 1945 and 2005, and the original Slinky is still a bestseller.


title: Slinky

text: where "T" is the time of the period of oscillation, "m" is the Slinky's mass, and "k" is its spring constant.


title: Slinky

text: In the state of equilibrium of a slinky, all net force is cancelled throughout the entire slinky. This results in a stationary slinky with zero velocity. As the positions of each part of the slinky is governed by the slinky's mass, the force of gravity and the spring constant, various other properties of the slinky may be induced. The length of an idealized slinky extended under its own weight, assuming the fully compressed length is negligible, is


title: Slinky

text: where "L" is the length of the slinky, "W" is the weight of the slinky, and "k" is the spring constant of the slinky.


title: Slinky

text: Due to the effect of gravity, the slinky appears bunched up towards the bottom end, as governed by the equation


title: Slinky

text: Where "n" is a dimensionless variable, 0 ≤ "n" ≤ 1, with "n" = 0 corresponding to the top of the slinky and "n" = 1 being the bottom. Each intermediate value of "n" corresponds to the proportion of the slinky's mass above that point "n", and "p"("n") gives the position that "n" is above the bottom of the slinky.


title: Slinky

text: This quadratic equation means that rather than the center of mass being at the middle of the slinky, it lies one quarter of the length above the bottom end,


title: Slinky

text: When set in motion on a stepped platform such as a stairway, the slinky transfers energy along its length in a longitudinal wave. The whole spring descends end over end in a periodical motion as if it were "walking" down one step at a time.


title: Slinky

text: When the top end of the Slinky is dropped, the information of the tension change must propagate to the bottom end before both sides begin to fall; the top of an extended Slinky will drop while the bottom initially remains in its original position, compressing the spring. This creates a suspension time of ~0.3 s for an original Slinky, but has potential to create a much larger suspension time.


title: Slinky

text: A suspended Slinky's center of mass is accelerating downward at about 32 feet per second per second (i.e., g); when released - the lower portion moves up toward the top portion with an equivalent, constant upward acceleration as the tension is relieved. As the spring contracts, every point along its length will accelerate downward with gravity and tension, and experience a decrease in overall downward acceleration related to height along the spring due to the spring force changing with extension- at the bottom of the spring the upward initial acceleration reduces in accordance with Hooke's law as the spring contracts, but the centre toward which it is moving gets closer- meaning the base will have been displaced sufficiently toward the centre of inertial mass for it to appear to have hung still. Should this phenomenology extend to very light strings with heavy suspended masses (which have approximately linear tension distributions), different mathematics would be needed to explain the phenomenon.


title: Slinky

text: The jingle for the Slinky television commercial was created in Columbia, South Carolina in 1962 with Johnny McCullough and Homer Fesperman writing the music and Charles Weagly penning the lyrics. It became the longest-running jingle in advertising history.


title: Slinky

text: The jingle has itself been parodied and referenced in popular culture. It is seen in the "Log" commercial on "The Ren & Stimpy Show" and sung by actor Jim Carrey in "". The song is also referenced in the movie "Lords of Dogtown", where it is sung in full by Emile Hirsch, and is sung by Eddie Murphy as part of the final routine in the stand-up comedy film "Eddie Murphy Raw".


title: Slinky

text: Early in the history of James Industries, Helen Herrick Malsed of Washington state sent the company a letter and drawings for developing Slinky pull-toys. The company liked her ideas, and Slinky Dog and Slinky Train were added to the company's product line. Slinky Dog, a small plastic dog whose front and rear ends were joined by a metal Slinky, debuted in 1952. Malsed received royalties of $60,000 to $70,000 annually for 17 years on her patent for the Slinky pull-toy idea, but never visited the plant.


title: Slinky

text: In 1995, the Slinky Dog (voiced by Jim Varney and Blake Clark) was redesigned for all of Pixar’s "Toy Story" movies. James Industries had discontinued their Slinky Dog a few years previously. Betty James approved of the new Slinky Dog, telling the press, "The earlier Slinky Dog wasn’t nearly as cute as this one." The molds used in manufacturing the new toy created problems for James Industries, so the plastic front and rear ends were manufactured in China with James Industries doing the assembly and packaging. The entire run of 825,000 redesigned Slinky Dogs sold out well before Christmas 1995.


title: Slinky

text: Plastic Slinkys are also available. They can be made in different colors. Many of them are made with the colors of the rainbow in rainbow order. They were marketed in the 1970s as a safer alternative to metal slinkys as they did not present a hazard when inserted into electrical sockets. The plastic spring toy, known as the Plastic Slinky was invented by Donald James Reum Sr. of Master Mark Plastics in Albany, Minnesota. Reum came up with the idea as he was playing with different techniques to produce a spiral hose for watering plants. However, as it came off the assembly line, according to his children, it looked more like a "Slinky." He worked at it until it came out perfectly and then went to Betty James with his prototype. Reum manufactured the Plastic Slinky for Betty James for several years. Eventually Betty James decided to manufacture the product exclusively through James manufacturing, effectively ending the production of the toy by the small Minnesota company. Reum's patent number, 4120929 was filed on Dec 28, 1976 and issued by the US Patent Office on Oct 17, 1978.


title: Slinky

text: In 1999, the United States Postal Service issued a Slinky postage stamp. The Slinky was inducted into the National Toy Hall of Fame in 2000 in their Celebrate the Century stamp series. A bill to nominate the slinky as the state toy of Pennsylvania was introduced by Richard Geist in 2001 but not enacted. The same year, Betty James was inducted into the Toy Industry Association's Hall of Fame. In 2003, Slinky was named to the Toy Industry Association's "Century of Toys List", a roll call of the 100 most memorable and most creative toys of the twentieth century.


title: Slinky

text: High school teachers and college professors have used Slinkys to simulate the properties of waves, United States troops in the Vietnam War used them as mobile radio antennas (as have amateur radio operators), and NASA has used them in zero-gravity physics experiments in the Space Shuttle.


title: Slinky

text: This is done by holding up a slinky in the air and striking one end, resulting in a metallic tone which sharply lowers in pitch. The effect can be amplified by attaching a plastic cup to one end of the Slinky.


title: Slinky

text: In 1959, John Cage composed an avant garde work called "Sounds of Venice" scored for (among other things) a piano, a slab of marble and Venetian broom, a birdcage of canaries, and an amplified Slinky.


title: Slinky

text: Metal Slinky can be used as an antenna - it resonates between 7 and 8 MHz. During Vietnam war it was used as a portable antenna for local HF communication. This setup had many advantages over a long wire shot from M79 grenade launcher: small dimensions, fast and quiet installation, reusability, good takeoff angle for local communication and good enough performance. It was also used to extend range of a handheld radio.


title: Slinky

text: In 1985, in conjunction with the Johnson Space Center and the Houston Museum of Natural Science, Space Shuttle Discovery astronauts created a video demonstrating how familiar toys behave in space. "It won't slink at all," Dr. M. Rhea Seddon said of Slinky, "It sort of droops." The video was prepared to stimulate interest in school children about the basic principles of physics and the phenomenon of weightlessness.


title: Slinky

text: In 1992, the Bishop Museum in Honolulu, Hawaii, hosted an interactive traveling exhibit developed by the Franklin Institute of Philadelphia, called "What Makes Music?" Among other things, visitors could examine what makes musical sound by creating waves on an eight-foot-long version of a Slinky toy.


title: Slinky

text: Several online videos have shown the Slinky acting as an excellent squirrel deterrent for bird feeders when mounted on the pole of the bird feeder to prevent squirrels from climbing up the pole to reach the bird feeders.


title: A. Sreekar Prasad

text: Akkineni Sreekar Prasad is an Indian film editor. He works predominantly in Telugu, Malayalam, Tamil, and Hindi language films. In a career spanning more than 35 years, he has edited over 600 films. He is a recipient of nine National Film Awards including seven wins for Best Editing which is a record in that category. He also won five Kerala State Film Awards, two Andhra Pradesh state Nandi Awards, and two Filmfare Awards among others.


title: A. Sreekar Prasad

text: He was included in the Limca Book of Records 'People of the Year - 2013' list for his contribution to Indian cinema in several languages. Prasad also holds the record for "films edited in most number of languages" in Limca Book of Records. He has edited films from 17 languages so far.


title: A. Sreekar Prasad

text: Sreekar Prasad was born into a Telugu family in Madras to film editor and director Akkineni Sanjeevi, the younger brother of Telugu film doyen L. V. Prasad. His family hails from the village of Somavarappadu near Eluru in Andhra Pradesh. His father had five siblings four brothers and a sister. Akkineni Ramesh Prasad, son of L. V. Prasad is his cousin. K. B. Tilak, independence activist and filmmaker is also a cousin of his the son of his paternal aunt.


title: A. Sreekar Prasad

text: His son is Akshay Akkineni, director of "Pizza". Akshay is married to P. S. Keerthana, daughter of actors R. Parthiban and Seetha". "Sreekar was the editor of Keerthana's star vehicle "Kannathil Muthamittal", which earned her the National Film Award for Best Child Artist in 2002.


title: A. Sreekar Prasad

text: Sreekar Prasad was a graduate of literature from University of Madras. He learned the art of film editing from his father in Telugu films. Though he started out with Telugu films, he rose to national acclaim through Malayalam and Tamil films. He has won the National Film Award for Best Editing seven times and one Special Jury Award, throughout a career spanning over two decades.


title: A. Sreekar Prasad

text: Some of the notable editing works of Sreekar Prasad include "Yodha" (1992), "Nirnayam" (1995), "Vanaprastham" (1999), "Alaipayuthey" (2000), "Dil Chahta Hai" (2001), "Kannathil Muthamittal" (2002), "Okkadu" (2003), "Aaytha Ezhuthu"/"Yuva" (2004), "Navarasa" (2005), "Anandabhadram" (2005), "Guru" (2007), "Billa" (2007), "Firaaq" (2008), "Pazhassi Raja" (2009) and Talvar (2015).


title: Pyrokinesis

text: Pyrokinesis is the purported psychic ability allowing a person to create and control fire with the mind. As with other parapsychological phenomena, there is no conclusive evidence in support of the actual existence of pyrokinesis. Many alleged cases are hoaxes, the result of trickery.


title: Pyrokinesis

text: The word "pyrokinesis" (Greek language: pyr=fire, kinesis=movement) was popularized by horror novelist Stephen King in his 1980 novel "Firestarter" to describe the ability to create and control fire with the mind, though its use predates the novel. The word is intended to be parallel to "telekinesis", with S. T. Joshi describing it as a "singularly unfortunate coinage" and noting that the correct analogy to telekinesis would "not be 'pyrokinesis' but 'telepyrosis' (fire from a distance)".


title: Pyrokinesis

text: A. W. Underwood, a 19th-century African-American, achieved minor celebrity status with the purported ability to set items ablaze. Magicians and scientists have suggested concealed pieces of phosphorus may have instead been responsible. The phosphorus could be readily ignited by breath or rubbing. Skeptical investigator Joe Nickell has written that Underwood may have used a "chemical-combustion technique, and still other means. Whatever the exact method — and the phosphorus trick might be the most likely — the possibilities of deception far outweigh any occult powers hinted at by Charles Fort or others."


title: Pyrokinesis

text: The medium Daniel Dunglas Home was known for performing fire feats and handling a heated lump of coal taken from a fire. The magician Henry R. Evans wrote that the coal handling was a juggling trick, performed by Home using a hidden piece of platinum. Hereward Carrington described Evans hypothesis as "certainly ingenious" but pointed out William Crookes, an experienced chemist, was present at a séance whilst Home performed the feat and would have known how to distinguish the difference between coal and platinum. Frank Podmore wrote that most of the fire feats could have easily been performed by conjuring tricks and sleight of hand but hallucination and sense-deception may have explained Crookes' claim about observing flames from Home's fingers.


title: Pyrokinesis

text: Joseph McCabe has written that Home's alleged feats of pyrokinesis were weak and unsatisfactory, he noted that they were performed in dark conditions amongst unreliable witnesses. McCabe suggested the coal handling was probably a "piece of asbestos from Home's pocket".


title: Pyrokinesis

text: Sometimes claims of pyrokinesis are published in the context of fire ghosts, such as Canneto di Caronia fires and the 1982 Italian case of a young Scottish nanny, Carole Compton.


title: Pyrokinesis

text: In March 2011, a three-year-old girl in Antique, a Philippines province with important mysticism and folklore, gained local media attention for the supposed supernatural power to predict or create fires. The town mayor said he witnessed a pillow ignite after the girl said "fire... pillow." Others claimed to have witnessed the girl either predicting or causing fire without any physical contact with the objects. A pastor claimed to have exorcised the girl and police failed to find anything abnormal although a paranormal proponent claimed that she must have inherited those powers from a previous life. The story of the alleged "fire starter" was featured on the June 22, 2020 "Kapuso Mo, Jessica Soho" show. Since several objects around the house were ignited, local residents flocked to the girl's house to learn of the circumstances and emergency services visited the house to investigate.


title: Silent Hill: Origins

text: Silent Hill: Origins (stylized as Silent Hill: 0rigins) is a 2007 survival horror game developed by Climax Action and published by Konami Digital Entertainment. It was released worldwide in late 2007 for the PlayStation Portable, beginning in early November with the United Kingdom. A port for the PlayStation 2 was released worldwide in early 2008, beginning in March with North America. The fifth installment in the "Silent Hill" series, "Origins" is a prequel to the first game (1999). Set in the series' eponymous, fictional American town, "Origins" follows trucker Travis Grady as he searches for information about a girl whom he rescued from a fire. Along the way, he unlocks his repressed childhood memories. Gameplay uses a third-person perspective, and emphasizes combat, exploration, and puzzle-solving, similar to the previous installments.


title: Silent Hill: Origins

text: "Origins" was developed by the Portsmouth branch of the Climax Group, which was known as Climax Action at the time. It was transferred from the Los Angeles Climax branch, who closed down after facing issues with the game engine and the vision of the game; the script, monsters, and level design were redone, and aspects of "Origins" atmosphere and gameplay intentionally replicated those of the first "Silent Hill" game. "Origins" was generally positively reviewed, although some reviewers wrote that it followed the formula of the series too closely and failed to add anything new. Its PlayStation 2 port received a lower aggregate score, with criticism directed towards its visuals.


title: Silent Hill: Origins

text: The objective of "Silent Hill: Origins" is to guide player character, Travis Grady, as he searches the monster-filled town of Silent Hill for information about a girl he rescued from a burning house. The game uses a third-person perspective which it alternates with fixed camera angles. Following the gameplay formula of previous "Silent Hill" games, "Origins" primarily revolves around combat, exploration, and puzzle-solving. Typical gameplay of "Origins" consists of alternating between reality and its darker and dilapidated counterpart, the "Other World", to obtain keys and objects needed to solve a riddle. Travis carries a flashlight and indicates the direction of a nearby usable item, while his portable radio alerts the player to the presence of nearby monsters by emitting static. Often, actions performed in one dimension will affect the other; for example, raising a prop on the stage in the theater results in a similar reaction in the Other World. Once solved, the riddle leads to an encounter with a boss, whose defeat unlocks a new area. Completion of the game results in unlocking special items or alternative outfits for Travis depending on various accomplishments.


title: Silent Hill: Origins

text: For combat, in addition to using his fists (marking the first time unarmed combat is possible in a "Silent Hill" game), Travis accumulates a range of weapons throughout the town: firearms, melee weapons, and one-shot items usable in close combat; the latter two are breakable. Although one-shot items can be used to quickly kill some of the monsters encountered early on, Travis is vulnerable while performing this action to damage from quick enemies or those with long-ranged attacks. "Origins" also introduces the "grapple" system, a quick time event activated when a monster grabs him. Should he escape, no damage is done to either him or the monster. The status of his "health" is indicated in the inventory, since the game does not feature a heads-up display; however, when his health is critical, the edges of the screen throb red, and his heartbeat is heard.


title: Silent Hill: Origins

text: A prequel to the first "Silent Hill" installment, "Silent Hill: Origins" takes place several years before the events of the first game. "Origins" is set in the eponymous, foggy, and rural small town located in the northeastern United States. The town is characterized by the "Other World", a supernatural location periodically encountered by the protagonists of the series. Most frequently assuming the form of the town, the Other World causes the characters to experience delusions and various symbols from their unconscious.


title: Silent Hill: Origins

text: "Origins" introduces Travis Grady, a trucker with a troubled past who suffers from nightmares. Returning characters from the first installment are Alessa Gilespie, a young girl who possesses supernatural powers; licensed practical nurse Lisa Garland, who has a drug addiction and dreams of being an actress instead of a nurse; physician Michael Kaufmann, who supplies Lisa with illegal drugs; and Alessa's mother, Dahlia Gillespie, a member of the town's cult which plans to bring its malevolent god into this world.


title: Silent Hill: Origins

text: Driving past Silent Hill as a shortcut, Travis swerves his truck to avoid hitting a spirit manifestation of Alessa. While following the spirit manifestation, he stumbles upon a burning house and rescues the real Alessa, who was immolated in a ritual to impregnate her with the cult's god. Losing consciousness outside the house, he awakens in the town and resolves to learn if she survived. During his journey, Travis unlocks his repressed childhood memories and defeats monstrous forms of his parents: his mother had been committed to a local mental institution after attempting to kill him, and his father had killed himself, unable to live with the guilt of having his wife condemned. Additionally, Travis kills the Butcher, a monster that has been slaughtering other monsters.


title: Silent Hill: Origins

text: Travis continues following Alessa's spirit manifestation, which refuses to speak to him, and gradually collects pieces of an unknown pyramid-shaped object; after collecting all of the pieces, he assembles them to form the Flauros, an artifact which contains a trapped demon and can be used to amplify thought. Alessa's spirit manifestation uses the completed Flauros to increase her powers and free herself from Dahlia's spell, which had inhibited her abilities. Dahlia reveals that the cult plans to use Alessa to give birth to its god, before leaving to take part in the ritual. Travis heads to the cult's ritual grounds, and sees members of the cult, including Kaufmann, surrounding Alessa's burned body. Incapacitated by Kaufmann, Travis defeats and imprisons the demon within the Flauros in a dream-like state.


title: Silent Hill: Origins

text: Three endings are available. In the "Good" ending, Alessa uses the Flauros to manifest a baby with half of her soul, stopping the ritual, and her spirit manifestation carries the baby to the outskirts of the town, seeing Travis off as he returns to his truck and cheerfully drives away from Silent Hill. Dialogue follows to reveal that the protagonist of the first game, Harry Mason, and his wife find and adopt the baby, naming her Cheryl, while Dahlia and Kaufmann plan to cast a spell to draw the other half of Alessa's soul back to the town, setting the events of the first "Silent Hill" game in motion. In the "Bad" ending, Travis awakens strapped to a gurney and is injected with an unknown substance: he starts convulsing and has a series of visions in which he kills two people and his form is briefly replaced by that of the Butcher. The joke ending sees Travis leave with an alien and a dog in an unidentified flying object.


title: Silent Hill: Origins

text: At E3 2006, "Origins" was announced as in development by Climax Group's development team in Los Angeles, instead of by Konami's Team Silent who had developed previous installments. The first previews of the game featured a departure from the third-person view typical of the series to a "Resident Evil 4"-style camera angle, and an emphasis on action and combat to a greater degree than the previous installments in the series. In the previews, Travis had six weapons, divided equally between melee weapons and firearms. Additional changes included a laser sight for his pistol and an option for the player to barricade areas. At the time, the game was expected to be released in late 2006.


title: Silent Hill: Origins

text: Issues with the game's engine and "a confused high-level vision for the game" led to Climax shutting down their Los Angeles studio, and transferring the game's team to the Climax Action studio in the United Kingdom, to ensure the final product would be "a tighter, more focused game that will provide fans with the experience they want... a "Silent Hill" experience"; the release date was also pushed forward from winter 2006 to Q3/Q4 2007. The version of "Origins" that the United Kingdom development team received was intended to be a dark comedy inspired by the American television series "Scrubs". Konami allowed the team to change the game, provided that the changes were done within the same budget and time frame; "Origins"s script, level design, and monsters were redone within a week by Sam Barlow. For "Origins", the developers intentionally replicated aspects of gameplay and atmosphere from the first installment; for example, the monsters behave more aggressively than those in previous installments, as a throwback to the first game. Later previews showed that the game had changed significantly and contained gameplay more in line with that found in the previous titles in the series. The changes were well received by video game journalists. On 19 August 2007, a demo of the game was leaked to internet download sites; Climax promptly denied they were the source of the leaked content.


title: Silent Hill: Origins

text: "Origins" was released for the PlayStation Portable (PSP) on 6 November 2007 in North America, on 16 November in Europe, on 29 November in Australia, and on 6 December in Japan. The Japanese release carried the alternate title "Silent Hill Zero". On 22 January 2008, Konami officially confirmed that a PlayStation 2 (PS2) port was in development. The PS2 port was released in North America on 5 March 2008, while the United Kingdom and Australian releases followed on 16 May 2008, and 23 May 2008, respectively. It became available on the PlayStation Network for Europe on 28 April 2014.


title: Silent Hill: Origins

text: Released as "Silent Hill Zero Original Soundtracks", the musical score of "Origins" was composed by Akira Yamaoka, who had created the music of previous games in the series, and released in Japan on 25 January 2008, by Konami Music Entertainment, Inc. As "Origins" is a prequel, Yamaoka wished to imbue its music with the atmosphere of the first installment. Mary Elizabeth McGlynn provided vocals for four tracks, for which Joe Romersa wrote the lyrics. All three had previously worked together on the music of (2004).


title: Silent Hill: Origins

text: Most reviews for "Silent Hill: Origins" were positive; its original release on the PSP received a Metacritic aggregate score of 78 out of 100. GameDaily wrote that "Origins" "impressively brings all the elements we love about the Silent Hill franchise to a portable format that works wonderfully". Shane Bettenhausen of 1UP.com concluded: "Sure, it's predictable, conventional, and a little bit short, not to mention ill-suited for brief pick-up-and-play sessions on the bus, but we're encouraged to see developers making an original, console-quality experience for PSP". According to Kristan Reed of Eurogamer: "No doubt mindful of remaining faithful to the series' legacy, Climax pays such close attention to the ingredients of the first three "Silent Hill" games that it's basically an unapologetic homage to them". While stating that "Origins" would appeal to fans for its story that adds to the series' mythos, "Game Informer" added: "Unfortunately, the game has fallen into something like a rut in most other areas and less fanatical gamers won't be as forgiving of its faults".


title: Silent Hill: Origins

text: The storyline was met with generally mixed feelings from reviewers. According to Kevin VanOrd of GameSpot, the premise was unoriginal and unsuspenseful, detracting from Travis' appeal as a protagonist, although he felt that the game provided new material for fans to analyze. "PALGN"s Mat Keller wrote that the "Origins" "blatantly obvious" subtext failed to affect the player, in contrast to the subtext of previous installments. 1UP.com stated that while "Origins" suffered from heavy foreshadowing and predictable plot twists and character development, it added to the backstory of the series. Conversely, Wesley Yin-Poole of VideoGamer.com described the storyline as "engrossing".


title: Silent Hill: Origins

text: Critics felt that the visual style was similar to those of the previous "Silent Hill" installments. Enjoying the visuals, Jeff Haynes of IGN wrote: "From the cluttered and junk strewn locations to the rusty, chaos filled doppelgangers of the alternate dimensions, everything feels like it's been stripped from one of the other titles and shrunk down to the handheld". Reviewers praised the graphics, the monster designs, the detailed environments, and atmosphere. However, some reviewers wrote that the character models could have been more detailed.