title: Viy 2: Journey to China

text: Peter Bradshaw of the Guardian gave it 2 out of 5 and wrote: "We are stuck with endless, weightless green-screen shenanigans involving a dragon whose eyelashes are used to create tea (I think that's right) and a cast of thousands who drift across various CGI landscapes."


title: Infinite Frontier

text: Infinite Frontier is a 2021 relaunch by the American comic book publisher DC Comics of its entire line of ongoing monthly superhero comic book titles in 2021. It is the follow-up to the 2016 DC Rebirth relaunch. The relaunch and event was shepherded by writer Joshua Williamson. The continuity and repercussions established by Infinite Frontier continues into the 2023 "Dawn of DC" relaunch.


title: Infinite Frontier

text: The DC Multiverse has expanded into a larger "Omniverse" where everything is canon and it will still deal with the repercussions of "DC Rebirth".


title: Infinite Frontier

text: The new Multiverse has two opposite worlds that represent the Metaverse and sustain the balance: one is the Elseworld, and the other is Earth Omega, where Darkseid is imprisoned.


title: Infinite Frontier

text: In the new status quo, all of DC history "counts" when understanding a character's backstory, and legacy and history within the franchise is being emphasised by editorial mandate, with many characters now sharing the same codenames. For example, Stephanie Brown and Cassandra Cain share the Batgirl title, while Oracle (Barbara Gordon) reserves the right to also wear the Batgirl costume from time to time. Jonathan Kent and his father Clark Kent are both Superman, while Conner Kent is once again Superboy. Wally West has stepped up as primary Flash while Barry Allen and the Flash of China, Avery Ho, participate in Justice League Incarnate. While Diana of Themiscyra continues in her role as Wonder Woman from the afterlife, her mother Hippolyta serves in Wonder Woman's place on the Justice League, and her sister Nubia explores the idea of succeeding Diana as Wonder Woman. New Batman Jace Fox succeeds Bruce Wayne for a short time, before later serving as the Batman of New York City while Bruce remains in Gotham. Another example of a relaxed approach to codename sharing among legacy characters is Robin: Tim Drake is officially Robin once again, but previous Robin (Damian Wayne) continues to head up the "Robin" comic book without an official codename, while newcomer Maps Mizoguchi steps into the role briefly in .


title: Infinite Frontier

text: The soft relaunch and new approach to history also completes what began with DC Rebirth in restoring the status quo of characters prior to popular New 52 changes, re-establishing characters' memories and relationships with each other, while selectively retaining some of the simplified backstories from the modern era and many of the new characters. An example of this is Tim Drake once again serving as Robin. Some characters have simply returned to being as fans remembered then. For example Black Canary, who in The New 52 had been presented as a singular new version of the character, has been restored to being the daughter of her Golden Age predecessor.


title: Infinite Frontier

text: After the recreation of the infinite Multiverse, and a look into a possible future of her universe, Wonder Woman, who has ascended after the defeat of The Batman Who Laughs, is offered a role by the Quintessence (Ganthet, Hera, Highfather, Phantom Stranger, The Spectre, The Wizard) in return for saving the Multiverse. The Spectre takes her to a journey where it's revealed that Roy Harper is resurrected as well as Batman dealing with a mysterious group of enemies. Wonder Woman rejects becoming a part of the Quintessence since she wants to live it rather than just witness it. As she leaves, the Quintessence go to Earth Omega, where they are attacked by Darkseid, who has finally achieved his true form after his past versions were combined into one.


title: Infinite Frontier

text: On Earth, everyone is now aware of the multiverse (as a result of events in ""), and Alan Scott (who came out to his children) is struggling with living in this new world. He talks with his son Obsidian when the Justice Society of America headquarters explodes in green flames, and Alan asks where Jade is. In Paris, as Director Bones is talking to Cameron Chase about the recent events that have transpired, Batman (from the Flashpoint era) crashes on Earth 23, where he meets the Justice Incarnate (Calvin Ellis, Mary Marvel from Earth 5, Machinehead from Earth 8, Aquawoman from Earth 11, and Captain Carrot from Earth 26) and asks where Barry Allen is. While running throughout the multiverse, Barry Allen vibrates through the worlds and arrives in Earth Omega, where he is attacked by Psycho-Pirate, who wants Barry to find someone. In a diner, Roy Harper deals with an angry customer when an enemy named X-Tract attacks him. Roy Harper wards off the attacker, realizing that he has a Black Lantern ring.


title: Infinite Frontier

text: Cameron Chase contacts Batman and Superman about the public being worried about the Multiverse, but Superman and Batman dodge her questions. Thomas Wayne admits that seeing his whole world turned him evil and doesn't want his son to know he's alive. Magog of Earth 22 attacks Calvin Ellis and Thomas Wayne, having gone back to his villainous roots. Back on Earth-0, Mr. Terrific tells Vandal Savage, Obsidian, and Alan Scott that there are still people who don't have their memories restored or are missing after the restoration of the DC Multiverse. Roy Harper starts training with his Black Lantern Ring but gets overwhelmed by its power. Meanwhile, Cameron Chase confronts Captain Atom but after realizing this Captain Atom is an imposter, the imposter blows himself up.


title: Infinite Frontier

text: Psycho-Pirate puts The Flash on a treadmill in Earth Omega and uses his power to take Barry somewhere else. Obsidian and Alan Scott meet a man named Shade and they realize that an enemy of Obisidian has stolen Jade. The duo goes to Command D, where they are attacked by Director Bones, X-Tract, and Cameron Chase. The Justice Incarnate calm down Magog and after Magog allows them to touch a mysterious spacecraft, Calvin Ellis tells everyone they need to go back to his Earth. Roy Harper regains control of his Black Lantern ring but is captured by Hector Hammond when he is saved by the Infinite Incorporated (Power Girl, Jade).


title: Infinite Frontier

text: Thomas Wayne and Calvin Ellis go to his office to find Lex Luthor of Earth 23 to get a transmatter symphonic array to travel through universes. They find Lex Luthor of Earth 23 dead, while Cameron Chase is saved by X-tract from the fake Captain Atom and meets with Detective Bones, who then shoots him in the leg when he finds out that he plans to leave other universes to die. The Infinite Incorporated arrived on Earth Omega but they are soon attacked. Likewise, Thomas Wayne and Calvin Ellis plan to go to Earth Omega when Machinehead attacks them. Machinehead reveals his world was destroyed when Earth-0 invaded his home and plans to keep the universes separate before calling in the Injustice Incorporated.


title: Infinite Frontier

text: On Earth Omega, Psycho Pirate explains his world was the original Earth-Two before "Crisis on Infinite Earths", and his world was replaced by a new version. Detective Bones was revealed to have shot down Cameron Chase's ship and says that he made a deal with Darkseid to spare their Earth in exchange for others. Jade knocks down Detective Bones, and X-tract reveals she was Cameron Chase from original Earth-Two, and Psycho Pirate explains that Flash is running so Darkseid can cross-dimension to gain enough power to control the Multiverse. Machinehead attacks Calvin Ellis, explaining that when The Flash created Flashpoint, it caused changes to his Earth which made it darker and restrains Calvin Ellis. Psycho-Pirate nearly persuades Roy Harper to join his side but slips out that Roy's daughter is still alive. Roy Harper frees everyone, but his overuse of the Black Lantern Ring causes Darkseid to appear.


title: Infinite Frontier

text: Obsidian frees Roy Harper from Darkseid, while Thomas Wayne and Calvin Ellis defeat Machinehead. Calvin Ellis destroys the treadmill Flash was on, which causes The Flash to disappear. Darkseid kills Machinehead and teleports everyone back home while Psycho Pirate flees in terror of his failure. X-tract acquires Roy's Black Lantern ring and meets up with Darkseid, Granny Goodness, DeSaad, Grail (Darkseid's daughter), Steppenwolf, Kalibak, where Darkseid reveals to his elites that Earth-0 is not on Earth but a place where The Great Darkness rests, which he vows to find Flash and crack the omniverse to take control of The Great Darkness believing that there are other dark forces who were seeking to control it. X-Tract swears her allegiance to him. Director Bones was mentioned to have gotten away. The Flash arrives in The Multiverse-2, the ruins of the first crisis, where he meets Pariah, who transports Flash to a different Earth for sinister reasons.


title: Infinite Frontier

text: According to Comic Book Roundup, the entire event received an average rating of 8.6 out of 10 based on 110 reviews.


title: Pathfinder: Wrath of the Righteous

text: Pathfinder: Wrath of the Righteous is an isometric role-playing game developed by Cypriot studio Owlcat Games and published by META Publishing, based on Paizo Publishing's "Pathfinder" franchise. Announced through a Kickstarter campaign in February 2020, the game was released for Microsoft Windows and macOS on 2 September 2021. The game was released for PlayStation 4 and Xbox One on 29 September 2022 alongside a cloud-based version for Nintendo Switch.


title: Pathfinder: Wrath of the Righteous

text: The country of Mendev has been fighting a series of wars against the Worldwound, a magical portal that allows demons to travel from their home in the Abyss to the mortal world. These wars, called crusades, have been slowly losing ground, primarily because demons killed in the mortal world return to life in the Abyss.


title: Pathfinder: Wrath of the Righteous

text: The player controls a citizen of the city of Kenabres, on Mendev's outskirts. After surviving a demonic invasion of the city, the player-character discovers that they have strange magical "mythic powers" from an unknown source. After driving the demons out of Kenabres, the player-character is appointed Commander of the Fifth Crusade by Queen Galfrey of Mendev.


title: Pathfinder: Wrath of the Righteous

text: The Commander deploys armies against the demonic forces while also trying to figure out how to close the Worldwound. They retake territory from the demons and recruit various individuals to their party. Their mythic powers grow, setting them onto one of several "mythic paths" such as becoming an angel, trickster or lich. The chosen mythic path significantly affects the Commander's abilities, leadership style, and personal fate.


title: Pathfinder: Wrath of the Righteous

text: The Commander discovers that their mythic powers come from an experiment conducted on them by Areelu Vorlesh, a half-demon mad scientist who created the Worldwound. Vorlesh attempted to place her murdered child's soul in the young Commander's body, but ended up creating the source of the mythic power. Vorlesh then erased the Commander's memory of her interference. The mythic source was activated by the stress of the attack on Kenabres and has been fuelled by the Commander's battles with powerful beings. After learning this, the Commander can choose to abandon their mythic powers, becoming a "Mortal Legend".


title: Pathfinder: Wrath of the Righteous

text: Vorlesh tells the Commander that the Worldwound is bound to her and the Commander's souls, and that one of them must die in the Worldwound for it to close. The Commander confronts her near the entrance to the Worldwound, where they fight. After Vorlesh is defeated, she attempts to commit suicide to spite the Commander, but can be talked down. The Commander can then choose to push Vorlesh into the Worldwound (if she is still alive), jump in themself, or use various other solutions based on their mythic path. If the Worldwound is closed, Mendev and the surrounding area are finally peaceful. However, some mythic paths can co-opt the Worldwound for their own purposes.


title: Pathfinder: Wrath of the Righteous

text: There is a secret ending that requires specific actions and research throughout the story. The Commander learns more about Vorlesh's experiments and realizes that she is trying to become a demigoddess. The Commander gathers the materials and knowledge necessary for the ascension and finally completes it after defeating Vorlesh, gaining more power and near-immortality. They can choose to do it alone, or let Vorlesh and/or their party members also become demigods.


title: Pathfinder: Wrath of the Righteous

text: The game is a sequel to "", the previous role-playing game of the same developer, but it does not follow the same story. The sequel builds on the engine from "Kingmaker" to address concerns raised by critics and players, and expands additional rulesets from the tabletop game, includes new character classes and the mythic progression system. Owlcat launched a Kickstarter campaign in February 2020 to raise additional development funds for the title. The Kickstarter successfully raised over of its requested , allowing for several stretch goals to be added during development. Like its predecessor, "Wrath of the Righteous" follows an Adventure Path of the same name, which was originally published in August 2013.


title: Pathfinder: Wrath of the Righteous

text: Three major pieces of downloadable content have been released for "Pathfinder: Wrath of the Righteous". The first DLC, "Inevitable Excess", was released on 3 March 2022. In it, the Commander is trapped in another dimension by a "keeper of magic" who believes their mythic powers violate the laws of the universe. The second DLC, "Through the Ashes", was released on 21 April 2022. This story follows a group of ordinary people trying to survive the demonic attack on Kenabres. The third DLC, "The Treasure of the Midnight Isles", was released on 30 August 2022. It is a rogue-lite campaign where the party searches for a mysterious treasure in the Abyss. The first and third DLCs can be played on their own or incorporated into the main campaign, while the second can only be played standalone.


title: Pathfinder: Wrath of the Righteous

text: "Pathfinder: Wrath of the Righteous" received "generally favorable" reviews according to review aggregator Metacritic. Writing for "IGN", Rowan Kaiser praised the game's story and technical improvements over its predecessor, but expressed disappointment with the military management aspects. Jody Macgregor of "PC Gamer" proclaimed the game is "well worth your time", but criticized its inconsistent writing quality.


title: Adam Scott (golfer)

text: Adam Derek Scott (born 16 July 1980) is an Australian professional golfer who plays mainly on the PGA Tour. He was the World No. 1 ranked golfer, from mid-May to August 2014. He has won 31 professional tournaments around the world (3 being unofficial money events), on many of golf's major tours.


title: Adam Scott (golfer)

text: Scott's biggest win to date was the 2013 Masters Tournament, his only major championship and the only Masters won by an Australian. Other significant wins include the 2004 Players Championship, the 2011 WGC-Bridgestone Invitational and the 2016 WGC-Cadillac Championship. He was the runner-up in the 2012 Open Championship, leading by four strokes with four holes to play before bogeying all of them to lose the title by a stroke to Ernie Els.


title: Adam Scott (golfer)

text: Scott was born in Adelaide, South Australia, where he attended the Lady George Kindergarten and moved with his family at the age of nine to the Sunshine Coast, Queensland, where he attended Matthew Flinders Anglican College. They then settled on the Gold Coast, Queensland in 1993 when Scott was 12 years of age. Initially at The Southport School, an Anglican boys' school on the Gold Coast, he completed his high school education at The Kooralbyn International School, located in the Scenic Rim Region, where he undertook extra subjects in golf. He was a member of the Golf Australia National Squad. He later attended the University of Nevada, Las Vegas (UNLV), where he was initiated into the Sigma Chi fraternity.


title: Adam Scott (golfer)

text: In 2010, Scott was in a relationship with former tennis World No. 1 Ana Ivanovic, but they separated in September of that year. The pair reunited in 2011, before splitting up for good one year later.


title: Adam Scott (golfer)

text: In April 2014, Scott married Marie Kojzar, a Swedish architect, in a small ceremony in the Bahamas. Scott and Kojzar had previously been in a long-term relationship in the early to mid 2000s, before splitting up and then reuniting in 2013. In February 2015, the couple announced the arrival of their daughter, Bo Vera Scott, who was born at Pindara Private Hospital in Queensland, Australia.


title: Adam Scott (golfer)

text: Scott is the touring professional at The Pines Golf Course Sanctuary Cove, where he resides while in Australia, located on the Gold Coast, Queensland. For tax purposes, Scott is resident in Switzerland.


title: Adam Scott (golfer)

text: Scott won the Australian Boys' Amateur in 1997 and 1998. He was a member of the Golf Australia National Squad.


title: Adam Scott (golfer)

text: Scott turned professional midway through the 2000 season. He earned his card for the 2001 European Tour season in just eight starts as a professional, his best result being a tie for sixth at the Linde German Masters. Scott also made a handful of appearances on the PGA Tour but made only one cut in six events.


title: Adam Scott (golfer)

text: In Scott's first full year as a professional golfer he won the European Tour's Alfred Dunhill Championship in Johannesburg, South Africa for his very first professional title. This event was Scott's first start of the year and was co-sanctioned by the European and Sunshine Tours. He beat Justin Rose to the title by one stroke. Scott had three other top-3 finishes throughout the season and went on to finish 13th in the Order of Merit in his first season.


title: Adam Scott (golfer)

text: The following year in 2002, Scott had two victories on the European Tour and a final position of seventh on the Order of Merit. His first win of the year was a six-shot victory at the Qatar Masters. Later in the year, Scott won the Gleneagles Scottish PGA Championship, shooting a final round of 63 to win by ten shots. In between these victories, Scott made his debut at the Masters Tournament, where he finished tied for 9th.


title: Adam Scott (golfer)

text: In 2003, Scott made it to the semifinals of the WGC-Accenture Match Play Championship, but fell to eventual champion Tiger Woods on the 19th hole. He had previously beaten Bernhard Langer, Rocco Mediate, Kevin Sutherland, and Jay Haas en route to the semi's, then defeated fellow Australian Peter Lonard 1 up in the consolation match. In August 2003, Scott won his fourth European Tour title at the Scandinavian Masters by two strokes over Nick Dougherty. A month later he followed it up with his first victory on the PGA Tour at the inaugural Deutsche Bank Championship. The win came in his 34th career start on the PGA Tour. He shot a course record 62 in the second round to lead by two at the halfway stage and went on to win by four from Rocco Mediate. At the end of the year he made his first appearance on the International team at the Presidents Cup in South Africa, contributing three points out of five, en route to a 17–17 tie.


title: Adam Scott (golfer)

text: Scott won the flagship event of the tour, The Players Championship; He had a two-stroke lead on the 72nd tee, but found the water hazard with his approach to the green. However, he sealed the title with a 40-yard up and down, which included a ten-footer for bogey to win by a shot over runner-up Pádraig Harrington. He became the youngest winner of The Players Championship at 23 years old, until 2017, when Kim Si-woo became the youngest winner. Three months later, Scott collected this third PGA Tour win, with victory at the Booz Allen Classic. He equalled the tournament total record at 21 under par to win by four from Charles Howell III.


title: Adam Scott (golfer)

text: Early in 2005 he won the Nissan Open, but as the tournament was shortened to 36 holes due to heavy rain, it is not recognized as an official victory. Sharing the halfway lead with Chad Campbell, they played off to determine the winner, with Scott winning on the first playoff hole. Thus, he reached the top ten of the Official World Golf Rankings for the first time in his career. He has since spent over 400 weeks in the top-10 of the rankings. Several months later, Scott won his fifth European Tour title with victory at the Johnnie Walker Classic in Beijing, China. He shot a course record 63 on the way to a three-shot victory. Scott also won the Singapore Open later in 2005 on the Asian Tour by seven strokes over Lee Westwood.


title: Adam Scott (golfer)

text: Scott played less frequently on the European Tour from 2006 onwards, focusing more on the PGA Tour. He had a successful year, recording one victory alongside three runners up finishes and three-third places. He finished tied third at the PGA Championship, which was his best showing at a major championship. He then went on later in the year to finish tied second at the WGC-American Express Championship, finishing eight strokes behind Tiger Woods. At the end of the year, Scott won the season-ending Tour Championship by three strokes for his fourth career PGA Tour win and finished third on the PGA Tour money list for 2006.


title: Adam Scott (golfer)

text: The 2007 season started for Scott with a second-place finish at the season opening Mercedes Benz Championship in Hawaii behind Vijay Singh. After this, Scott reached his career high ranking of world number three. He then won for the fifth time on the PGA Tour, the week before the Masters, at the Shell Houston Open. After hitting his tee shot into the water on the 72nd hole, he made a 48-foot par putt to seal a three stroke victory over Stuart Appleby and Bubba Watson. He then played consistently for the rest of the year, qualifying for all four FedEx Cup playoff events and finishing 10th in the final standings.


title: Adam Scott (golfer)

text: In 2008 he played enough events on the European Tour to qualify for playing on the Order of Merit for the first time since 2005. Scott endured a somewhat difficult season in 2008 with injury and illness, but he managed to win once on each tour. In January 2008 he started off the year in fine style by winning his sixth career title on the European Tour at the Qatar Masters. Scott carded a brilliant 11-under-par final round of 61, which was both a course record and personal best round. He started his final round three shots behind the overnight leader and won the tournament by finishing three shots ahead of Henrik Stenson.


title: Adam Scott (golfer)

text: In April 2008, Scott won the EDS Byron Nelson Championship in a playoff against Ryan Moore. Scott holed a nine-foot putt to make the playoff on the 72nd hole. The playoff started with Moore and Scott making pars on the first two extra holes before Scott holed a dramatic 48-foot birdie putt at the third extra hole for the victory. At the 2008 U.S. Open, World No. 1 Tiger Woods, World No. 2 Phil Mickelson and World No. 3 Scott were all paired together in the first two rounds of the tournament. Woods won in a playoff, Mickelson finished in 18th, and Scott finished in 26th. He ended the year 39th on the money list.


title: Adam Scott (golfer)

text: Scott's form dipped badly in 2009 as he dropped out of the top 50 in the world rankings and finished the year outside of the top 100 on the PGA Tour money list. He finished 108th on the money list which is his worst ever placing in his career. In 19 events on the PGA Tour, he missed the cut 10 times, with his only top 10 finish coming at the Sony Open in Hawaii in January. He did however win at the end of year in December at his home championship, the Australian Open, for his first victory on home soil in his career.


title: Adam Scott (golfer)

text: Despite a quiet couple of years Scott won his seventh career PGA Tour title at the Valero Texas Open in May 2010, prevailing in a 36 hole long Sunday to finish one stroke ahead of Swede Freddie Jacobson. It was Scott's first PGA Tour victory for two years. He qualified and played in all the FedEx Cup playoffs, finishing 27th at the Tour Championship. In November, Scott won the Barclays Singapore Open for the third time in his career, having previously triumphed in 2005 and 2006. It was also his seventh title on the European Tour.


title: Adam Scott (golfer)

text: Scott achieved his best finish at a major championship when he finished in a tie for second place at the 2011 Masters Tournament alongside compatriot Jason Day, two strokes behind the winner Charl Schwartzel. Scott had held the sole lead of the tournament while playing the 71st hole, but four birdies in a row from Schwartzel meant Scott fell short by two strokes.


title: Adam Scott (golfer)

text: With Tiger Woods injured at the U.S. Open, and The Open Championship in 2011, Woods's caddie Steve Williams caddied for Scott. After Woods fired Williams on 20 July, Williams became Scott's permanent caddie. The two enjoyed their first win together on 7 August 2011 when Scott triumphed at the 2011 WGC-Bridgestone Invitational, earning him his first career World Golf Championship and eighth title overall on both of the main tours. He beat Luke Donald and Rickie Fowler by four strokes after a bogey-free final round of 65, becoming the 20th different player to win a World Golf Championship event. Scott returned to the world's top 10 for the first time in over two years after his win, re-entering at ninth.


title: Adam Scott (golfer)

text: In attempting to become the first player to win a major the week after winning a tour event since Tiger Woods in 2007, Scott finished tied seventh at the PGA Championship. Scott was one of six players to post two top 10 finishes at majors in 2011. He then held the 36 hole lead at the season ending Tour Championship, before rounds of 74-68 led to a tied sixth finish. Scott ended the year number 16 in the standings. In November 2011, Scott was one of five Australians in the President's Cup team that lost to the United States in Australia. Scott ended with a 2–3–0 record.


title: Adam Scott (golfer)

text: Scott started the year at the Northern Trust Open, where he finished in a tie for 17th. In April, Scott enjoyed his second consecutive top-10 at the Masters Tournament when he finished T8th. He shot a final round 66, which included a hole-in-one at the 16th hole, to advance up the leaderboard on the final day. In the years second major championship, Scott had his best result at the U.S. Open with a tie for 15th at the Olympic Club. He shot three consecutive rounds of 70 in rounds two, three and four. Then in the build-up to The Open Championship, Scott finished in third at the AT&T National.


title: Adam Scott (golfer)

text: At the 2012 Open Championship, Scott equalled the course record for Royal Lytham & St Annes Golf Club at an Open Championship when he shot a six-under-par round of 64 to lead by one stroke after the first round. This was then matched by American Brandt Snedeker in the second round, to lead Scott by one stroke going into the weekend after Scott had recorded a round of 67. In the third round, Scott shot a 68 to take a four stroke lead into the final round, ahead of Brandt Snedeker and Graeme McDowell.


title: Adam Scott (golfer)

text: In the final round, Scott's birdie on the 14th gave him a cushion of four shots with four holes to play. On the 15th, Scott made bogey after he pulled his approach shot into a greenside bunker. At the 16th he overhit his approach shot onto the back of the green to leave a lengthy putt for birdie. He missed the putt by about five feet and could not convert the par putt. As Scott was playing the 17th, Ernie Els had birdied the final hole to become the leader in the clubhouse at seven under, one shot behind Scott. On the 17th, from the middle of the fairway, Scott overhit his approach shot and landed in some thick rough at the back of the green. He could only pitch out to 20 feet away and missed the resulting putt to record his third bogey and drop into a tie for the lead with Els.


title: Adam Scott (golfer)

text: At the final hole, needing a birdie to win or a par to get into a playoff with Els, Scott found a bunker off the tee and his ball ended up tight underneath the lip. He was only able to pitch out sideways. For his third stroke he played an iron shot to leave himself with an eight-foot par putt to take the championship to a playoff. Scott narrowly missed the putt on the outside edge of the hole, resulting in another bogey to finish the round. Scott shot a final round of 75 to finish at six under, one stroke behind the champion Ernie Els.


title: Adam Scott (golfer)

text: Scott's collapse down the home stretch was compared to many other famous golfing collapses down the years including fellow countryman Greg Norman at the 1996 Masters. After the round Scott said that his finish was down to finding some bad positions on the course, rather than nerves. He also said "I'm very disappointed but I played so beautifully for most of the week I really shouldn't let this bring me down. I know I've let a really great chance slip through my fingers today, but somehow I'll look back and take the positives from it." With his second-place finish, Scott equalled his best ever performance at a major championship, alongside his tied second at the 2011 Masters and he returned to the world's top 10, at number six.


title: Adam Scott (golfer)

text: Scott's first appearance after The Open Championship was at the WGC-Bridgestone Invitational, where he attempted to defend his title from the previous year. He ended the week in a tie for 45th place. The following week, Scott was again in the mix at the PGA Championship, entering the final round in the penultimate grouping, four shots behind the leader Rory McIlroy. In good conditions though, Scott shot an over par 73 to drop back into a final position of T11th.


title: Adam Scott (golfer)

text: On 18 November, Scott fired a bogey-free final round at Kingston Heath in the Melbourne Sandbelt, to win the Australian Masters for the first time. He trailed defending champion Ian Poulter by one going into the final round, but shot a 67, including a birdie on the last, to don the "Gold Jacket" for Masters champion.


title: Adam Scott (golfer)

text: Scott opened the season at the Northern Trust Open, well into February of that year. He finished the event T10th with three rounds under par. He then played the two World Golf Championships consecutively, losing at the WGC-Accenture Match Play Championship in the opening round 2&1 to Tim Clark. In the following WGC-Cadillac Championship, Scott fired the low round of the week on the final day to jump from T19 to T3 behind Tiger Woods and Steve Stricker. His last event before the Masters, was at the Tampa Bay Championship where he finished T30.


title: Adam Scott (golfer)

text: At the 2013 Masters Tournament, Scott emerged from the chasing pack on the final day to enter into a tie for the lead heading into the 72nd hole. Scott proceeded to birdie the 18th hole. However, former champion Ángel Cabrera also birdied the 72nd hole to tie Scott for the lead at −9, leading to a sudden-death playoff. Both players parred the first hole (18) with Cabrera inches away from birdie. On the second hole (10), Cabrera once again missed his birdie putt by inches, leaving Scott a 12-foot birdie putt for the championship, which Scott holed. It was Scott's first major championship and marked the first time an Australian has won the Masters. It was also seen by many as redemption for his failure to win the previous year's Open Championship.


title: Adam Scott (golfer)

text: Scott's victory at the Masters moved him to No. 3 in the Official World Golf Ranking, equalling his career high ranking.


title: Adam Scott (golfer)

text: Scott finished in a tie for 45th place at the U.S. Open. Scott took a one-stroke lead heading into the back nine on the final day of the Open Championship before eventually finishing in a tie for third. The final major of 2013, the PGA Championship, saw Scott finish in a tie for fifth. At the first event of the FedEx Cup Playoffs, The Barclays, Scott finished with a 66 (−5) final round to win over four players by one stroke and move to number two in the World Ranking, a career high.


title: Adam Scott (golfer)

text: In October, Scott won the 2013 PGA Grand Slam of Golf event in which the four major winners of that year compete. A month later Scott would win in his native Australia, when he won the Australian PGA Championship, his fourth career victory on the PGA Tour of Australasia. This was quickly followed by winning the Australian Masters on 16 November, at Royal Melbourne, finishing 14 shots under par. The following week Scott would garner victory in the team portion of ISPS Handa World Cup of Golf, with fellow Australian Jason Day. The team shot a combined 17-under-par. Day won the individual championship at 10-under-par. Scott was runner up to Rory McIlroy in the Emirates Australian Open on 1 December 2013. He led by one stroke going into the final hole but a bogey by Scott and a birdie by McIlroy saw a two shot swing and victory to the Northern Irishman. Scott would finish 2013 as the World's #2 ranked golfer.


title: Adam Scott (golfer)

text: In March 2014, Scott tied the course record at Bay Hill Club & Lodge, when he shot a 10-under-par 62 during the first round of the Arnold Palmer Invitational. He went on to finish third in the tournament behind the winner Matt Every and Keegan Bradley after a poor four-over-par 76 in the final round.


title: Adam Scott (golfer)

text: On 19 May 2014, Scott took over as the World's #1 ranked golfer. Scott is the 17th golfer to be ranked number one since official rankings began. He is also the second Australian and the first since Greg Norman in 1998. A week after becoming world #1, Scott strengthened his ranking with a win at the Crowne Plaza Invitational at Colonial, being the first person to win all four Texas-based PGA Tour events. Scott held the number one ranking for eleven weeks until August 2014.


title: Adam Scott (golfer)

text: Scott started the season well with a runner-up finish at the CIMB Classic during the wrap-around 2016 season. He then followed this up during February 2016, with another runner-up placing at the Northern Trust Open, where despite a final hole chip-in birdie, he finished a shot behind winner Bubba Watson.


title: Adam Scott (golfer)

text: On 28 February 2016, Scott won his 12th PGA Tour title with victory at The Honda Classic played at PGA National Golf Club. He won by a single stroke over Sergio García to end a near two-year winless drought. This was also Scott's first win with the short putter, following the long putter ban issued in 2016, in over five years since the 2010 Singapore Open. A notable footnote to Scott's victory was also that he became on the first player to make a quadruple bogey on the weekend and win the tournament, since Phil Mickelson at the 2009 Tour Championship. The win moved Scott back into the world's top ten, at number nine.


title: Adam Scott (golfer)

text: The following week, Scott claimed back-to-back victories with a one stroke victory at the WGC-Cadillac Championship. This was Scott's second victory in a WGC event and was the first time in his career, he had claimed back-to-back wins. He had begun the final round, three strokes back of overnight leader Rory McIlroy, but shot a three-under round of 69 and had to hole a six-foot putt for the par on the final green to take the victory. This coming after Scott made two double-bogeys on the front nine on the third and fifth holes to fall behind the leaders, but then followed this up with six birdies in his next nine holes. The win moved Scott up to number six in the rankings.


title: Adam Scott (golfer)

text: In April, Scott announced that he would not be participating in the 2016 Olympic Games, citing 'an extremely busy playing schedule'. International Golf Federation chief executive Peter Dawson branded Scott's decision, as well as other high-profile golfers, 'regrettable', while Gary Player said players who chose to opt out of playing in Rio de Janeiro were 'hurting' the game. However, Scott's fellow countryman Marcus Fraser rushed to his defence, branding criticism of his decision 'absolute garbage'.


title: Adam Scott (golfer)

text: In September 2017, Scott's part-time caddie Steve Williams announced that he would no longer be working for him after the end of the year, saying that he wanted to go back to having a full-time caddie from the start of 2018 onwards.


title: Adam Scott (golfer)

text: In December 2019, Scott won the Australian PGA Championship for the second time in his career. It was his first win since the 2016 WGC-Cadillac Championship.


title: Adam Scott (golfer)

text: In February, Scott won the Genesis Invitational at the Riviera Country Club in Pacific Palisades, California. This was his first win on the PGA Tour in nearly four years.


title: Adam Scott (golfer)

text: In August, Scott tied for the lead with five other players at the Wyndham Championship after 72 holes. Kevin Kisner won the playoff on the second extra hole, after Scott missed a short birdie putt on the first extra hole to take the title.


title: Adam Scott (golfer)

text: In June 2022, Scott was appointed Member of the Order of Australia in the 2022 Queen's Birthday Honours for "significant service to golf at the elite level".


title: Adam Scott (golfer)

text: Scott qualified for the International team at the 2022 Presidents Cup; he won two and lost three of the five matches he played.


title: Adam Scott (golfer)

text: Scott has represented Australia in the World Cup in 2002 and 2013 and was a member of the International Team at the Presidents Cup in 2003, 2005, 2007, 2009, 2011, 2013, 2015, 2017, 2019 and 2022. Despite making ten appearances on the International team, he has yet to play on a winning team.


title: Alfred Lennon

text: Alfred "Alf" Lennon (14 December 1912 – 1 April 1976), also known as Freddie Lennon, was an Englishman best known as the father of musician John Lennon. Alfred spent many years in an orphanage with his sister, Edith, after his father died.


title: Alfred Lennon

text: Lennon married Julia Stanley in 1938. John was their only child, but as Alfred was frequently away at sea during World War II, he did not see much of his child during his infancy. During this period Julia became pregnant with another man's child. Alfred offered to look after his wife, their child and the expected baby, but Julia rejected the idea. Alf had very little contact with his son until Beatlemania, when they met again, but later the pair had only intermittent contact with each other. Alf died in Brighton, England, where he had gone to live after marrying Pauline Jones, with whom he had two sons.


title: Alfred Lennon

text: James Lennon (c. 1829 – 1898) and Jane McConville (c. 1831 – 1869), Alf's grandparents, moved with their respective families to Liverpool in the 1840s. Their son, Jack Lennon, became a "refined" British minstrel, who toured the United States with Roberton's Kentucky Minstrels vaudeville troupe in the late 19th century. It is also claimed that Jack's first wife was an American who died during childbirth after they had both moved back to Liverpool. Jack eventually married Polly in 1915, after they had moved to Elmore Street, Everton. One of the witnesses at the wedding was Polly's sister, Catherine Seddon. Daughter Edith Lennon was born that year and then Charles (21 November 1918 – 26 May 2002). The Lennons moved back to Toxteth Park, Jack by this time a shipping clerk; he died in 1921, at 57 Copperfield Street. Polly could not read or write, but was reported to be very humorous and supposedly had psychic abilities. After Jack died, Polly did not have enough money to keep the whole Lennon family together, so she placed two of her children, Alf and Edith, in the Blue Coat School Orphanage. It was situated just around the corner from Newcastle Road (where Julia Stanley lived). Polly died on 30 January 1949.


title: Alfred Lennon

text: Alfred Lennon (always called 'Alf' by his family), was known as being happy-go-lucky, and "couldn't resist having a good time". He had rickets as a child and wore leg braces, which led to his growth being stunted at 5' 4". In 1927, he auditioned for a children's music hall act, Will Murray's Gang, at the Empire Theatre in Liverpool. Having passed the audition he ran away from the orphanage and joined the show. He travelled with the troupe for a time before being discovered in Glasgow and returned to the orphanage, where he was severely punished. He was known as being always quick with a joke or a witty line, but never held a job for any length of time. When he was 15 years old he left the Bluecoat orphanage and found a job as an office-boy, but preferred to visit Liverpool's many vaudeville theatres and cinemas, where he knew the usherettes by name. His brother Sydney often lent money to him, after Sydney got a job in a tailor's shop.


title: Alfred Lennon

text: Alf first saw Julia Stanley at the Trocadero club, a converted cinema on Camden Road, Liverpool. Although he did not speak to her at the time, he later saw Julia again in Sefton Park, where he had gone with a friend to meet girls. Alf, who was dressed in a bowler hat and holding a cigarette holder, saw "this little waif" sitting on a wrought-iron bench. The 14-year-old Julia said that his hat looked "silly," to which the 15-year-old replied that Julia looked "lovely," and sat down next to her. Julia asked him to take off his hat, which he promptly did but threw it straight into the lake.


title: Alfred Lennon

text: Alf was a musician, and specialised in impersonating Louis Armstrong and Al Jolson. He played the banjo, as did Julia, though neither pursued music professionally (Julia would later teach her son how to play the banjo). They spent their days together walking around Liverpool and dreaming of what they would do in the future—such as opening a shop, pub, cafe, or a club. In March 1930, he took a job as bellboy on board the Cunard passenger liner SS "Montrose." He kept in touch with Julia, writing letters and meeting whenever he docked in Liverpool. Alf was later offered a job on a whaling ship for two years—which would have earned him enough money to buy a house—but turned it down on discovering that Julia's father had arranged it, in order to keep him away from Julia.


title: Alfred Lennon

text: On 3 December 1938, 11 years after they had first met, Julia married Alf after proposing to him. They were married in the Bolton Street Register Office, and on the marriage certificate Julia stated her occupation as 'cinema usherette', even though she had never been one. Julia's family were absent from the wedding, but Alf's brother Sydney acted as a witness. They spent their honeymoon eating at 'Reece's' restaurant in Clayton Square (which is where his son would later celebrate after his marriage to Cynthia Powell), and then went to a cinema. On their wedding night, Julia stayed at the Stanleys' house and Alf returned to his rooming house.


title: Alfred Lennon

text: Julia's family were opposed to Alfred: her father said he was "certainly not middle class," and her sister Mimi was particularly unimpressed by him. Julia's father demanded concrete evidence that he could financially support Julia, but Alf's only idea was to sign on as a Merchant Navy bellboy on a ship bound for the Mediterranean. He later worked on ocean liners that travelled between the Greek islands, North Africa and the West Indies. Whilst away he graduated from bellboy to steward, and on his return to Liverpool moved into the Stanley home in Newcastle Road. He auditioned for local theatre managers as a 'ship's entertainer,' but had no success, and so returned to sea.


title: Alfred Lennon

text: Julia discovered that she was pregnant in April 1940. John Winston Lennon was born at 6:30 pm on 9 October 1940, on the second-floor ward of Liverpool Maternity Hospital at Oxford Street, supposedly during a German air raid, although it has been confirmed that there was no air raid on this date. Alf first saw his son that November when he returned from working as a merchant seaman on troop transports during World War II. He sent regular pay cheques to Julia, who lived with her son at 9 Newcastle Road (the Stanley family's home). He occasionally returned to Liverpool, but did not stay long before being sent off on another ship. The cheques to Julia stopped in 1943 when he went absent without leave. Neither Julia nor the Merchant Navy knew of his whereabouts. Julia only found out because she stopped receiving her allowance money, and the Navy wrote to inform her that it was looking for him.


title: Alfred Lennon

text: Alf later told his version of what happened while he was AWOL in 1943. He claimed that he had sailed from the United States to Bône, North Africa, but was arrested for stealing one bottle of beer from the ship, consequently serving nine days in a military prison. After his release he became involved in various "shady deals", allegedly rescued from a criminal gang of Arabs. He eventually served on a troopship from North Africa to Italy before finally boarding a ship that was making its way to England in 1944.


title: Alfred Lennon

text: Julia had started going to dance halls in 1942, and met a Welsh soldier named 'Taffy' Williams who was stationed in the barracks at Mossley Hill. Alf blamed himself for this, as he had written to Julia urging her to go out and enjoy herself because there was a war on. Julia took his advice, and often gave her young son a piece of chocolate or sugar pastry the next morning for breakfast, that she had received the night before. She became pregnant by Williams in late 1944, though initially claiming that she had been raped by an unknown soldier.


title: Alfred Lennon

text: When Alf eventually returned to Liverpool on 13 January 1945, he offered to look after Julia, their son and the expected baby, but Julia rejected the idea. A few months before the birth Alf took John to his brother Sydney's house, in the Liverpool suburb of Maghull. Julia gave birth to a daughter, Victoria, who was subsequently given up for adoption (after intense pressure from Julia's father and family) to a Norwegian Salvation Army Captain. Julia later met Bobby Dykins and lived with him, but after considerable pressure from Mimi—who twice contacted Liverpool's Social Services and complained about the infant sleeping in the same bed as Julia and Dykins—Julia reluctantly handed the care of her son over to Mimi. According to his brother Charlie, people would visit the Lennon house in Copperfield Street while Alf was away at sea, offering large sums of money (up to £300) if Alf would divorce Julia, but Charlie told them to "get lost".


title: Alfred Lennon

text: In June 1946, Alf visited Mimi's house at 251 Menlove Avenue and took his son to Blackpool for a long 'holiday'—but secretly intending to emigrate to New Zealand with him. Julia and Dykins found out and followed them to Blackpool, and after a heated argument, Alf made the five-year-old boy choose between Julia or him. John chose Alf (twice), and then Julia walked away, but in the end, John, crying, followed her, although this has been disputed. According to author Mark Lewisohn, Lennon's parents agreed that Julia should take him and give him a home as Alf left again. A witness who was there that day, Billy Hall, has said that the dramatic scene, often portrayed with a young John Lennon having to make a decision between his parents, never happened.


title: Alfred Lennon

text: Alf lost contact with the family until Beatlemania, when he and John met again. In 1968, John Lennon told Hunter Davies that he soon forgot his father, saying, "It was like he was dead." In 1949, Alf's career at sea ended when he was sentenced to six months' imprisonment. He had been drinking when, late at night, he saw a mannequin in a wedding dress shop window. He smashed the window, took the mannequin, and danced with it in the street until he was arrested. In 1958, when Alf was working with Charlie Lennon in the Barn Restaurant in Solihull, their brother Sydney sent a newspaper clipping from the "Liverpool Echo" reporting that Julia had died. A saddened Alf left Solihull for London, but he kept in touch with Charlie by phone.


title: Alfred Lennon

text: Alf made no real attempt to contact John until the height of Beatlemania (claiming he did not know who the Beatles were). He was working as a kitchen porter at the Greyhound Hotel at Hampton Court, in Middlesex, when someone pointed to a photograph of John Lennon in a newspaper asking whether he was related to him. Alfred along with Charlie visited one of the Beatles' Christmas shows at the Finsbury Park Empire in London. When the Beatles were filming a scene for "A Hard Day's Night" in the Scala Theatre in Soho in April 1964, Alf walked into Brian Epstein's NEMS office in Argyle Street with a journalist. "I'm John Lennon's father," he explained to the receptionist. When Epstein was informed, he "went into a panic," immediately sending a car to bring John to NEMS office. Alf was shabbily dressed, with his unkempt, thinning grey hair greased back. When John arrived, Alfred stuck out his hand, but John did not take it, asking, "What do you want?" Alf placated John somewhat by saying, "You can't turn your back on your family, no matter what they've done." Their conversation did not last long, as John soon ordered Alf and the journalist out of the NEMS office. The Beatles' personal stories were kept out of the newspapers—by agreement with journalists who were offered exclusive stories in return—but one day John opened a copy of the "Daily Express" seeing a photo of his father.


title: Alfred Lennon

text: A few weeks later, John's wife Cynthia opened the door of Kenwood (their home in Weybridge) to see a man who "looked like a tramp" but, alarmingly, with John's face. Cynthia invited Alf in to wait for John to return home. While waiting, Cynthia made Alf tea and cheese on toast, and offered to cut his "long, stringy locks" of hair, which he allowed. After waiting for a couple of hours, Alf left. John was annoyed when he arrived home, telling Cynthia about Alf's visit to the NEMS office a few weeks earlier. Later he relented and contacted Alf over the next few months, telling Cynthia, "Alright, Cyn. He's a bit 'wacky,' like me." After Christmas, in 1965, John was embarrassed to learn that Alf had made a record: "That's My Life (My Love and My Home)", released on 31 December 1965. John asked Epstein to do anything he could to stop it being released or becoming a hit. The record never made it into the charts.


title: Alfred Lennon

text: Three years after meeting John in the NEMS office, the 59 year old Alf appeared at Kenwood again with his fiancée Pauline Jones. Pauline had been an 18-year-old Exeter University student and a Rolling Stones fan when she met the 53-year-old Alf in 1966. Alf and Pauline grew tired of trying to convince Pauline's mother to allow them to marry, so they eloped and got married in Gretna Green, Scotland. In 1966, Alf asked John if he could give Pauline a job, so she was hired to help, looking after Julian Lennon and also the piles of fan mail. Pauline spent a few months living at Kenwood in the attic bedroom. Alf and Pauline moved to a flat in Bourne Court, London Road, Patcham, Brighton before moving to Ladies Mile Road, Brighton, in November 1969. Alf had two sons with Pauline: David Henry Lennon, born 26 February 1969, and Robin Francis Lennon, born 22 October 1973.


title: Alfred Lennon

text: Late in his life, Alf wrote a manuscript detailing his life story which he bequeathed to John. It was Alf's attempt to fill in the lost years when he had not been in contact with his son, explaining that it was Julia, not Alf, who had broken up their marriage. John later commented: "You know, all he wanted was for me to hear his side of the story, which I hadn't heard." By 1976, Alfred was diagnosed with terminal stomach cancer. Pauline contacted John via Apple Corps to make sure that he was aware that his father was dying. John sent a large bouquet of flowers to the hospital, phoning Alf on his deathbed, and apologised for his [John's] past behaviour. On 1 April 1976, Alf Lennon died in Brighton, at the age of 63, just nine days after Paul McCartney's father Jim McCartney died.


title: Alfred Lennon

text: In 1990, Pauline published a book called "Daddy, Come Home", detailing her life with Alf and his meetings with John. Pauline later remarried, and is now known as Pauline Stone.


title: Aston Martin DB9

text: The Aston Martin DB9 is a grand tourer produced by Aston Martin. Available both in coupé and a convertible bodystyles, the latter being known as the Volante, the DB9 was the successor to the DB7. It was first shown at the 2003 Frankfurt Auto Show, and was the first model built at Aston Martin's Gaydon facility.


title: Aston Martin DB9

text: The DB9, originally designed by Ian Callum and Henrik Fisker, has an aluminium construction. The chassis is the Ford-developed VH platform whilst the engine is the 5.9-litre V12 from the Vanquish. The 2013 model year facelift saw many improvements to the design, the engine and the overall driving experience.


title: Aston Martin DB9

text: Aston Martin Racing adapted the DB9 for sports car racing, producing the DBR9 for FIA GT1 and the DBRS9 for FIA GT3. These two cars are modified DB9 models adapted for motorsport; the interior features are removed and the aluminium body panels are replaced by carbon fibre panels. Additionally, the engine has been tweaked in both the cars to produce more horsepower and torque.


title: Aston Martin DB9

text: Production of the DB9 ended after 12 years in 2016, having been replaced by the DB11 which uses an all-new platform and engine.


title: Aston Martin DB9

text: The DB9 was designed by Ian Callum and Henrik Fisker; the extent of each individual's contributions to the car has been disputed by both. The car was first introduced at the 2003 Frankfurt Motor Show. The letters "DB" are the initials of David Brown, the owner of Aston Martin for a significant part of its history. Although it succeeded the DB7, Aston Martin did not name the car DB8 due to fears that the name would suggest that the car was equipped with a V8 engine (the DB9 has a V12). It was also reported that Aston Martin believed that naming the car "DB8" would indicate a gradual evolution and misrepresent the car.


title: Aston Martin DB9

text: The DB9 is the first model to be built at Aston Martin's Gaydon facility in Warwickshire, England. In a 2007 interview, the then Aston Martin CEO Dr. Ulrich Bez stated that, though Aston Martin was traditionally a maker of more exclusive automobiles, he believed Aston Martin needed to be more visible and build more cars. At launch, Aston Martin planned to build between 1,400 and 1,500 cars per year.


title: Aston Martin DB9

text: In 2007, the DB9 was revised with upgraded electrical components which helped reliability, new front seat design, LED approach lights on the door handles and lowered suspension (8mm). The DB9 Volante no longer had a top-speed limiter, allowing it to attain an unrestricted top speed of should conditions allow.


title: Aston Martin DB9

text: The DB9 received a facelift in July 2008. This facelift was mainly the increase in engine power and torque, to and , and a redesigned centre console. Externally, the DB9 remained virtually unchanged. The 2013 model year's new facelift design that resembled the 2011 Virage, as well as increased engine power of up to and of torque.


title: Aston Martin DB9

text: The DB9's interior is upholstered in leather and has a walnut wood trim. In newer editions, the leather is additionally given hand-stitched accents and joins. On the dashboard, satnav and Bluetooth are standard in later models (options on earlier models). Later models also offered a Dolby Prologic sound system can be connected to satellite radio, a six-CD changer, an iPod connector, a USB connector, or an auxiliary input jack. This sound system can be upgraded to a Bang & Olufsen stereo.


title: Aston Martin DB9

text: The coupé comes standard with two front seats and rear seats. A seating package, which removes the back seats and replaces the front seats with lighter seats made of Kevlar and carbon fibre was available as an option. The boot capacity is in the coupé or in the Volante.


title: Aston Martin DB9

text: Made to follow the DB7 model, the DB9 is, according to Aston's initial press release, "a contemporary version of classic DB design elements and characteristics". It retains the traditional Aston Martin grille and side strakes, and the design attempts to keep the lines simple and refined. The boot of the car is pronounced, like that of the DB4 and DB5. At the front, DB9 is without a separate nose cone, and has no visible bumpers. The exterior skin is largely made of aluminium, though the front bumpers and bonnet are made of composite materials.


title: Aston Martin DB9

text: For the 2013 model year, Aston Martin made minor changes to the bodywork by adapting design cues from the 2011 Virage, including enlarging the recessed headlight clusters with bi-xenon lights and LED daytime running strips, widening the front splitter, updating the grille and side heat extractors, updating the LED rear lights with clear lenses and integrating a new rear spoiler with the boot lid.


title: Aston Martin DB9

text: The Aston Martin DB9 was initially launched equipped with a 5.9-litre V12 engine, already being used in the V12 Vanquish. This generates of torque at 5,000 rpm and a maximum power output of at 6,000 rpm. The DB9 can accelerate from 0 to in 4.7 seconds and has a top speed of . The engine largely sits behind the front-axle line to improve weight distribution. The 2009 model year DB9 had an increase of engine power and torque, as the V12 now has a power output of and of torque, resulting in a power to weight ratio of 271 PS per tonne, an increase of 11 PS per tonne over the previous model. The top speed increased to and the 0 to acceleration time improved by 0.1 seconds to 4.6 seconds for the manual version of the car. Changes to the engine for the 2013 model year DB9 increased the power output to and torque to . The car's 0 to acceleration time decreased to 4.5 seconds and the top speed stood at .


title: Aston Martin DB9

text: The DB9 could be equipped with either a six-speed conventional manual gearbox manufactured by Graziano Trasmissioni or a six-speed ZF Friedrichshafen 'Touchtronic' automatic gearbox featuring paddle-operated semi-automatic mode. The automatic gearbox increases the 0 to acceleration time to 4.9 seconds, though the top speed remains the same. The 2009 model year featured a revised 'Touchtronic 2' gearbox, which offered faster gear shifts due to a new valve box and integrated transmission controls. The 0 to acceleration time decreased to 4.6 seconds, an improvement of 0.3 seconds. The gearbox is rear-mounted and is driven by a carbon-fibre tail shaft inside a cast aluminium torque tube.


title: Aston Martin DB9

text: The DB9 is the first Aston Martin model to be designed and developed on Ford's aluminium VH (vertical/horizontal) platform. The body structure is composed of aluminium and composite materials melded together by mechanically fixed self-piercing rivets and robotic assisted adhesive bonding techniques. The bonded aluminium structure is claimed to possess more than double the torsional rigidity of its predecessor's, despite being 25 percent lighter.


title: Aston Martin DB9

text: The DB9 also has anti-roll bars and double wishbone suspension, supported by coil springs. To keep the back-end in control under heavy acceleration or braking, the rear suspension has additional anti-squat and anti-lift technology. Later versions of the car also features three modes for the tuning: "normal", for every-day use, "sport", for more precise movement at the cost of ride comfort, and "track", which furthers the effects of the "sport" setting.


title: Aston Martin DB9

text: The DB9 was initially launched with wheels with a width of at the front and at the rear. They were fitted with Bridgestone Potenza 235/40ZR19 up front and 275/35ZR19 on the back. The brakes are large Brembo four-piston calipers in the front and rear. Carbon ceramic brakes were an option.


title: Aston Martin DB9

text: These were later changed to wheels with widths of at the front and at the rear. The tyres are Pirelli P-Zero with codes of 245/35ZR20 and 295/30ZR20. The brakes are carbon ceramic with six-piston calipers at the front and four-piston calipers at the rear.


title: Aston Martin DB9

text: The Aston Martin DB9 Volante is the convertible version of the DB9 coupé. The chassis, though stiffer, uses the same base VH platform. To protect occupants from rollovers, the Volante has strengthened windshield pillars and two pop-up hoops behind the rear seats. The hoops cannot be disabled and will break the car's rear window if deployed. In an effort to improve the Volante's ride while cruising, Aston Martin softened the springs and lightened the anti-roll bars in the Volante, leading to a gentler suspension. The retractable roof of the Volante is made of folding fabric and takes 17 seconds for operation. With a kerb weight of , the Volante weighs more than the coupé due to chassis stiffening modifications.


title: Aston Martin DB9

text: The coupé and Volante both share the same semi-automatic and automatic gearboxes and engine. The original car was limited to to retain the integrity of the roof, this limitation was removed on the upgraded 2007 model onwards. Like the coupé, the original Volante has of torque at 5,000 rpm and a maximum power of at 6,000 rpm. The 0 to is slowed to 4.9 seconds due to the additional weight. On newer models, like the coupé's, the Volante's power output and torque have increased to and respectively for the 2009 model year, and and respectively for the 2013 model year. The kerb weight had also been reduced to .


title: Aston Martin DB9

text: The final edition of the DB9 called the DB9 GT was introduced in 2015. The engine now has a power output of at 6,750 rpm and of torque at 5,500 rpm. The 0 to acceleration time is 4.4 seconds and 0 to acceleration time is 10.2 seconds. It can run the quarter mile in 12.8 seconds, and the top speed remains unchanged at .


title: Aston Martin DB9

text: To commemorate Aston Martin's GT1 victory at the 2007 24 Hours of Le Mans, Aston Martin introduced the DB9 LM (Le Mans) in the first quarter of 2008. The DB9 LM comes standard with the DB9's optional sports pack and is only available in coupé bodystyle equipped with the automatic transmission. The LM was only available in a special Sarthe Silver exterior colour, named after the Circuit de la Sarthe, where Le Mans is run, and has red brake calipers, a chromed mesh grill, and a special black leather interior, with red stitching and the Le Mans track stitched on the central console. The car is also fitted with the DBS' clear rear lights. Initially, a production of 124 cars was planned and the cars were to be supplied to dealers at the rate of one per dealer. However, some dealers did not take their allocation as a result, the total production amounted to 69 cars.


title: Aston Martin DB9

text: Following the success of several special edition models of other Aston Martin cars, like the V12 Vantage Carbon Black and the DBS Carbon Black, Aston Martin announced three special edition models of the DB9 in 2011: the DB9 Carbon Black, Morning Frost, and Quantum Silver. All three models are denoted by a sill plaque bearing their respective names. All three models have the same 5.9-litre V12 engine as the base DB9, which has a power output of and of torque. All three models were available both as a coupé and a Volante.


title: Aston Martin DB9

text: The DB9 Carbon Black, as its name suggests, has a black paint finish and matching interior. This includes a black center console and interior door handles on the inside, and black grills, a black tailpipe, and black 10-spoke wheels on the outside. The interior also has numerous add-ons to make the car more sporty, including silver stitching for the leather and a polished glass gear stick. The exhaust has been modified to create a different sound to add to the sporty feel. The Carbon Black was only available as a six-speed automated manual.


title: Aston Martin DB9

text: The DB9 Morning Frost's paint finish is a pearlescent white. However, on the interior, the Morning Frost is fitted with metallic bronze leather and a black center console and interior door handles. On the outside, the Morning Frost has silver 10-spoke wheels, silver brake calipers, and silver grilles. Like the Carbon Black, the DB9 Morning Frost has a six-speed automated manual transmission.


title: Aston Martin DB9

text: The DB9 Quantum Silver uses a silver paint scheme also found on the DBS in Quantum of Solace, hence its name. Inside, the Quantum Silver shares the black center console and leather. On the outside, it also has black grills and wheels. The Quantum Silver has the same automated manual transmission as its counterparts, and shares a modified sports exhaust with the Carbon Black.


title: Aston Martin DB9

text: At the firm's 100 year anniversary, Zagato presented a unique car based on the Aston Martin DB9 Volante. It was commissioned by American collector Peter Read and was painted green. It was revealed along with the Aston Martin DBS Coupe Zagato Centennial. The owner bought a US-spec 2013 Aston Martin DB9 Volante, which he immediately shipped to Zagato in Italy. The car sold for $693,000 (inclusive of applicable buyer's fee) with 2,300 miles in August 2015 at RM Sotheby's Monterey auction during car week. The car has carbon-ceramic brakes and its VIN number is SCFFDABM1DGB14756.


title: Aston Martin DB9

text: The DB9 Vengeance by Kahn Design is a series of cars modified by the British car modification firm Kahn Design based on the Aston Martin DB9.


title: Aston Martin DB9

text: The DB9 has been adapted for use in sports car racing by Aston Martin Racing, a collaboration between Aston Martin and Prodrive. Called the DBR9, the car debuted in 2005. It retains the DB9's 5.9-litre V12 engine, but has been extensively modified to decrease weight as well as to improve performance and has a final displacement of . Most of the car's aluminium body panels have been replaced with carbon fibre panels, and several external features, like a front splitter and a rear wing, have been added to increase the car's downforce. The car has a basic interior with essential driver aids. Likewise, though the suspension's layout remains the same, it has been improved to racing specifications. The brakes are upgraded to Brembo carbon-carbon discs and six-piston calipers. The transmission in the DBR9 is a Xtrac six-speed sequential manual, containing a Salisbury friction-plate limited-slip differential, and the prop shaft made of carbon fibre. The lightweight materials give the DBR9 a total kerb weight of . The engine modifications allow it to have a power output of and of torque. The increase of engine power and weight reduction allows the DBR9 to accelerate from 0 to in 3.4 seconds, and 0 to in 6.4 seconds.


title: Aston Martin DB9

text: The DBR9 won in its debut at the 2005 12 Hours of Sebring, and has gone on to take wins in the American Le Mans Series, Le Mans Series, FIA GT Championship, as well as the 24 Hours of Le Mans.


title: Aston Martin DB9

text: Aston Martin Racing also developed a variant of the DBR9 following FIA GT3 regulations. Called the DBRS9, the car shares carbon fibre bodywork and the chassis and suspension layout of the DBR9. The DBRS9 has a kerb weight of , more than the DBR9. While the engine is shared with the DBR9, it has been detuned and has a power output of and of torque. The DBRS9 is equipped with either a six-speed H-pattern gearbox or a six-speed sequential gearbox and has a 0 to acceleration time of 3.4 seconds and a top speed of .


title: Aston Martin DB9

text: The DBRS9 competed in several endurance races, including the 24 Hours Nürburgring, Spa 24 Hours, and Malaysia Merdeka Endurance Race. The car additionally raced in the FIA GT3 European Championship for which it was designed before being replaced by a GT3 version of the V12 Vantage in 2011.


title: Aston Martin DB9

text: Car critics have generally rated the DB9 coupé and Volante well, praising the car's luxurious interior and exterior design. On the British automotive show "Top Gear", the DB9 is thought of highly. Notably, on the show's "Cool Wall" segment, the presenters called the DB9 "too cool" for the wall and gave it its own category called "The DB9 Fridge", a mini-refrigerator containing the car's card. While reviewing the Volante, Richard Hammond called the interior of the DB9 "one of the best known to man". He felt that the car was less stiff than the coupé, however, to the point that the car was "wobbly".


title: Aston Martin DB9

text: Both Edmunds.com and Road & Track critiqued the DB9 for not having as good handling as its competitors, noting that the car isn't stiff enough. However, Edmunds noted that while the Mercedes-Benz SL600 and SL55 AMG were objectively better cars, the DB9 was more desirable. When compared directly against other cars, like the Porsche 911 Turbo S Cabriolet and the Ford GT, the DB9 was ranked poorly, though the reviewer noted that comparing it against faster cars "highlighted its shortcomings". Likewise, when compared to the Bentley Continental GT, Mercedes-Benz CL600, and the Ferrari 612 Scaglietti F1, the DB9 ranked poorly again, though reviewers said that "despite its problems, the DB9 would be their personal choice". The issues with stiffness were largely fixed by later iterations of the DB9 as noted by Autoweek and Edmunds.


title: Aston Martin DB9

text: The DB9's interior has been called "regal" and "dazzling", with Edmunds saying, "[w]ords like 'rich' and 'crafted' just don't cut it, though 'decadent' and 'sculpted by the Almighty himself' get close". Critics liked the comfort of the almost racecar-like driver's seat. Reviewers complained about the back seats however, with Forbes saying "think of it more as a padded parcel shelf". Likewise, reviewers complained that the space for cargo was limited, though many quipped the small back seats could help hold luggage. Another common complaint was car's poor satnav system, which Automobile Magazine called the car's "Achilles heel", noting that "selecting a route is painful at best". Newer models contain a much improved satnav system sourced from Garmin.


title: Mel's Hole

text: Mel's Hole is, according to an urban legend, a "bottomless pit" near Ellensburg, Washington. Claims about it were first made on the radio show "Coast to Coast AM" by a guest calling himself Mel Waters. Later investigation revealed no such person was listed as residing in that area, and no credible evidence has been given that the hole ever existed.


title: Mel's Hole

text: The legend of the bottomless hole started on February 21, 1997, when a man identifying himself as Mel Waters appeared as a guest on "Coast to Coast AM" with Art Bell. Waters claimed that he owned rural property west of Ellensburg in Kittitas County, Washington that contained a mysterious hole. According to Waters, the hole had an unknown depth of at least . He claimed to have measured its depth using fishing line and a weight, although he still had not hit bottom by the time of line had been used. He also claimed that his neighbor's dead dog had been seen alive sometime after it was thrown into the hole. According to Waters, the hole's magical properties prompted US federal agents to seize the land and fund his relocation to Australia.


title: Mel's Hole

text: Waters made guest appearances on Bell's show in 1997, 2000, and 2002. Rebroadcasts of those appearances have helped create what has been described as a "modern, rural myth". The exact location of the hole was unspecified, yet several people claimed to have seen it, such as Gerald R. Osborne, who used the ceremonial name Red Elk, who described himself as an "intertribal medicine man...half-breed Native American / white", and who told reporters in 2012 he visited the hole many times since 1961 and claimed the US government maintained a top secret base there where "alien activity" occurs. But in 2002, Osborne was unable to find the hole on an expedition of 30 people he was leading.


title: Mel's Hole

text: Local news reporters who investigated the claims found no public records of anyone named Mel Waters ever residing in, or owning property in Kittitas County. According to State Department of Natural Resources geologist Jack Powell, the hole does not exist and is geologically impossible. A hole of the depth claimed "would collapse into itself under the tremendous pressure and heat from the surrounding strata," said Powell. Powell said an ordinary old mine shaft on private property was probably the inspiration for the stories, and commented that Mel's Hole had established itself as a legend "based on no evidence at all".


title: Mel's Hole

text: An art exhibition, ""Aspects of Mel's Hole: Artists Respond to a Paranormal Land Event Occurring in Radiospace"," curated by "LA Weekly" art critic Doug Harvey, was presented at the Grand Central Art Center in Santa Ana, California in 2008. The show featured works by 41 artists and collectives, many created specifically for the exhibition, including works by Albert Cuellar, Charles Schneider, Marnie Weber, Jim Shaw, Jeffrey Vallance, Georganne Deen, Paul Laffoley, The Firesign Theatre, Gary Panter, The Center for Land Use Interpretation, James Hayward, Cathy Ward, Eric Wright and Craig Stecyk. The GCAC published a hardbound 146-page catalog in conjunction with the exhibit, containing contributions from all the artists, plus essays by Harvey, psychoanalyst Judy Spence, science author Margaret Wertheim, Hannah Miller, Brian Tucker, Christine Wertheim, Mike Mcgee and the Rev. Ethan Acres.


title: Yo

text: Yo is a slang interjection, commonly associated with North American English. It was popularized by the Italian-American community in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, in the 1940s.


title: Yo

text: Although often used as a greeting and often deployed at the beginning of a sentence, "yo" may also come at the end of a sentence and/or may be used for emphasis or to direct focus onto a particular individual, group, or issue at hand, or to gain the attention of another individual or group.


title: Yo

text: The interjection "yo" was first used in Middle English. In addition to "yo", it was also sometimes written "io".


title: Yo

text: Though the term may have been in use in the 16th century, its current popularity stems from its use in Philadelphia's Italian American population in the twentieth century, which spread to other ethnic groups in the city, notably among Philadelphia African Americans, and later spread beyond Philadelphia.


title: Yo

text: From the late twentieth century, it frequently appeared in hip hop music and became associated with African American Vernacular English, as seen in the title "Yo! MTV Raps", a popular American television hip-hop music program in the late 1980s.


title: Yo

text: A frequent example of the expression is fictional Philadelphian Italian-American Rocky Balboa, where the word is used throughout all of the Rocky films and is part of the iconic line, "Yo, Adrian, I did it!", which was ranked 80th in the AFI's list of 100 best movie quotes.


title: Yo

text: The phrase "Yo, Blair. What are you doing?" was supposedly an informal greeting that United States President George W. Bush gave to British prime minister Tony Blair during the G8 summit in Saint Petersburg, Russia, on 17 July 2006. However, other sources state that Bush’s usage of the word "yo" is a “myth” and that the president actually said "Yeah, Blair".


title: (I Just) Died in Your Arms

text: "(I Just) Died in Your Arms" is the debut single by the English pop rock band Cutting Crew, released in July 1986 as a single from their debut studio album, "Broadcast". The song was written by frontman Nick Van Eede, produced by Terry Brown, John Jansen and the band, and mixed at Utopia Studios in London by Tim Palmer.


title: (I Just) Died in Your Arms

text: The power ballad is the band's biggest hit, peaking at number one in the United States, Canada, Norway, and Finland, and reaching the top five in the UK, South Africa, Sweden, and Switzerland.


title: (I Just) Died in Your Arms

text: The words "I just died in your arms tonight" allegedly came to Van Eede while he was having sex with his girlfriend, the French phrase "la petite mort", or "the little death", being a metaphor for orgasm. After writing down his version of the phrase, he later used it as the opening line to the song as well as using it as the chorus.


title: (I Just) Died in Your Arms

text: There were two music videos produced. The North American version featured artistic fragmented shots using a model, with the band performing to camera. The UK version was filmed in a studio, both in color as well as black and white, while only the latter had been made available in Apple Music stores, from countries like Canada and Brazil.


title: (I Just) Died in Your Arms

text: On 29 October 2020, Van Eede announced, through Cutting Crew's official Facebook page, that a remastered HD edition of the "UK version" music video was uploaded to the band's former Vevo official account on YouTube.


title: (I Just) Died in Your Arms

text: In early 2020, the song was rerecorded and reissued as in an orchestral incarnation as well as in several other versions as the lead single for the second Cutting Crew compilation album, "Ransomed Healed Restored Forgiven", accompanied by a new music video uploaded to YouTube, through the official account of the band's new label, August Day. The new release for the hit has been through an 8-track EP released to digital platforms. There is also a physical release, on CD, offered as a solo release and also included as part of the limited deluxe version of the new greatest hits album, both sold through the band's official webstore.


title: (I Just) Died in Your Arms

text: First released in Britain, the song peaked at number four on the UK charts in September 1986. Upon its release in the United States, the previously unknown band's debut single shot to number one on 2 May 1987, and stayed there for two weeks. It also reached number four on the Hot Mainstream Rock Tracks chart, number 24 on "Billboard"s Hot Adult Contemporary Tracks chart and (in a remix version) number 37 on the Hot Dance/Club Play chart. The song spent three weeks at number one in Canada.


title: Chronology of Shakespeare's plays

text: This article presents a possible chronological listing of the composition of the plays of William Shakespeare.


title: Chronology of Shakespeare's plays

text: Shakespearean scholars, beginning with Edmond Malone in 1778, have attempted to reconstruct the relative chronology of Shakespeare's "oeuvre" by various means, using external evidence (such as references to the plays by Shakespeare's contemporaries in both critical material and private documents, allusions in other plays, entries in the Stationers' Register, and records of performance and publication), and internal evidence (allusions within the plays to contemporary events, composition and publication dates of sources used by Shakespeare, stylistic analysis looking at the development of his style and diction over time, and the plays' context in the contemporary theatrical and literary "milieu"). Most modern chronologies are based on the work of E.K. Chambers in "The Problem of Chronology" (1930), published in Volume 1 of his book "William Shakespeare: A Study of Facts and Problems".


title: Chronology of Shakespeare's plays

text: Since the surviving evidence is fragmentary, there is not, nor can there be, a definitive or precise chronology. Performance history is often of limited use, as the first "recorded" performances of many plays were not necessarily when the plays were first performed. For example, the first recorded performance of "Romeo and Juliet" was not until 1662, yet it is known the play was performed in Shakespeare's lifetime. At best, the performance history of a play establishes only the "terminus ante quem" of its composition.


title: Chronology of Shakespeare's plays

text: Similarly, dates of first publication are often relatively useless in determining a chronology, as roughly half the plays were not published until seven years after Shakespeare's death, in the "First Folio" (1623), prepared by John Heminges and Henry Condell, and published by Edward Blount, William Jaggard and Isaac Jaggard. Performance dates and publication dates are also problematic insofar as many of the plays were performed several years before they were published. For example, "Titus Andronicus" was performed in 1592, but not published until 1594; "Othello" was performed in 1604, but not published until 1622; and "King Lear" was performed in 1606, but not published until 1608. Performance and publication dates can thus be used only to determine terminal dates of composition, with the initial dates often remaining much more speculative.


title: Chronology of Shakespeare's plays

text: In addition, some scholars dissent from the conventional dating system altogether. A notable scholar who does so is E. A. J. Honigmann, who has attempted to push back the beginning of Shakespeare's career by four or five years, to the mid-1580s, with his "early start" theory. Honigmann argues that Shakespeare began his career with "Titus Andronicus" in 1586, though the conventional dating is that Shakespeare began writing plays after arriving in London in about 1590. Most scholars, however, adhere to a more orthodox chronology, and some, such as Gary Taylor and Sidney Thomas, argue that the early start theory causes more problems than it solves.


title: Chronology of Shakespeare's plays

text: Additionally, as with Oxford, Arden, Pelican and the RSC, the New Cambridge Shakespeare, the New Penguin Shakespeare, the Signet Classic Shakespeare, the Dover Wilson Shakespeare, the Shakespeare Folios and the Folger Shakespeare Library all publish scholarly editions of individual plays, although none has issued a complete works.


title: Chronology of Shakespeare's plays

text: "The Arden Shakespeare" presents the plays in alphabetical order of their titles, without any attempt to construct an overall chronology. The Oxford, Riverside, Norton and RSC collections each rely on chronologies that differ from one another and attempt only approximate dating. The following list is based on "The Oxford Shakespeare: The Complete Works" (2nd ed.) and the accompanying "William Shakespeare: A Textual Companion" (Revised ed.), edited by Stanley Wells and Gary Taylor.


title: Schindlerjuden

text: The , literally translated from German as "Schindler Jews", were a group of roughly 1,200 Jews saved by Oskar Schindler during the Holocaust. They survived the years of the Nazi regime primarily through the intervention of Schindler, who afforded them protected status as industrial workers at his enamelware factory in Kraków, capital of the General Government, and after 1944, in an armaments factory in occupied Czechoslovakia. There, they avoided being sent to death camps and survived the war. Schindler expended his personal fortune made as an industrialist to save the "Schindlerjuden".


title: Schindlerjuden

text: The story of the "Schindlerjuden" has been depicted in the book "Schindler's Ark", by Thomas Keneally, and Steven Spielberg's film adaptation of the novel, "Schindler's List". Poldek Pfefferberg, one of the survivors, persuaded Keneally to write the novel and Spielberg to produce the film.


title: Schindlerjuden

text: In 2012, over 8,500 descendants of " were estimated to be living in the United States, Israel, and other countries.


title: Schindlerjuden

text: The original list of " transported to Schindler's Brünnlitz factory in Brněnec, occupied Czechoslovakia, was prepared by Mietek Pemper, Itzhak Stern and Oskar Schindler in September and October 1944. While the list was long thought to have been lost, in April 2009, a carbon copy of the original list, documenting 801 names, was discovered among the documentation "Schindler's Ark" author Thomas Keneally had donated to the State Library of New South Wales in Sydney.


title: Schindlerjuden

text: Another list with 1,000 names, compiled by Pemper upon the prisoners' arrival on 21 October 1944 at Schindler's Brünnlitz factory, was presented by him to the International Tracing Service in 1958.


title: Schindlerjuden

text: Two lists of 1,098 prisoners made by camp administrators in Brünnlitz on 18 April 1945 are also extant and preserved in Yad Vashem Memorial, where Oskar and wife Emilie Schindler are recognized among the Righteous. The first list contains 297 female prisoners and the second contains 801 male prisoners. There are several preserved copies and carbon copies of the later list from April 1945, some in museums and others in private hands, mostly those of former prisoners' families.


title: Kasi Lemmons

text: Kasi Lemmons (; born Karen Lemmons, February 24, 1961) is an American film director, screenwriter, and actress.


title: Kasi Lemmons

text: She began her career with roles in commercials with McDonald's and Levis, then she moved to the small screen with shows such as "11th Victim" (1979) and then moved to the big screen in Spike Lee's "School Daze" (1988), followed by the comedy "Vampire's Kiss" (1989), before being cast as Ardelia Mapp in Jonathan Demme's "The Silence of the Lambs" (1991). She subsequently co-starred with Virginia Madsen in the horror film "Candyman" (1992).


title: Kasi Lemmons

text: Lemmons made her directorial debut with 1997's "Eve's Bayou", followed by "Dr. Hugo" (1998), "The Caveman's Valentine" (2001), "Talk to Me" (2007), "Black Nativity" (2013), and her highest-grossing film, 2019's "Harriet", about abolitionist Harriet Tubman. She was described by film scholar Wheeler Winston Dixon as "an ongoing testament to the creative possibilities of film."


title: Kasi Lemmons

text: Lemmons adapted the novel "Fire Shut Up in My Bones" by Charles Blow into an opera libretto for the composer Terence Blanchard. It was premiered by the Opera Theatre of Saint Louis on June 15, 2019, and opened the 2021–2022 Metropolitan Opera season, becoming that institution's first opera by an African-American composer.


title: Kasi Lemmons

text: Lemmons was born in St. Louis, Missouri, the daughter of Dorothy Othello (née Stallworth) and Milton Francis Lemmons. Her father was a biology teacher and her mother was a counselor who later became a psychologist. In a 2021 episode of "Finding Your Roots", Lemmons learned that her third-great-grandfather was transported to the United States from Africa in the early-19th century, and that she was a distant relative of actor Kevin Bacon.


title: Kasi Lemmons

text: Her parents divorced when she was eight years old. Her mother moved the family to Newton, Massachusetts, because her mother wanted to go to Harvard to get her doctorate in education. Her mother remarried when Lemmons was nine. Lemmons attended Commonwealth School, a private high school in Boston. In the summers, she attended the New York University's School of Drama's Circle in the Square Program, which trained children who wanted to be professional actors. Through this program, she gained access to the studios of professional actors such as Lee Strasberg and Stella Adler. Alongside her early interest in movies and acting, Lemmons also harbored an interest in directing.


title: Kasi Lemmons

text: As well as attending New York University's Tisch School of the Arts, UCLA and The New School of Social Research Film Program, Lemmons was awarded an Honorary Degree, Doctor of Humane Letters, from Salem State College in 1998.


title: Kasi Lemmons

text: In 1979, Lemmons made her acting debut in the television movie "11th Victim" (1979). She performed with the Boston Children's Theater and later attended New York University's Tisch School of the Arts but transferred to UCLA to major in history. She eventually left UCLA and enrolled in the film program at the New School for Social Research. As a young child, she got her first role on TV on a local soap opera called "You Got a Right", a courtroom drama. She played the first and only black girl who integrated to an all-white school. Her acting credits include episodic parts on shows like "As the World Turns", "Murder, She Wrote", "The Cosby Show" or "ER" and films such as Spike Lee's "School Daze" (1988), "Vampire's Kiss" (1988), the Academy Award winner for Best Picture "The Silence of the Lambs" (1991), "Candyman" (1992), "Hard Target" (1993), "Fear of a Black Hat" (1993), "Gridlock'd" (1997) and "'Til There Was You" (1997).


title: Kasi Lemmons

text: In 1997, Lemmons directed the film "Eve's Bayou" starring Samuel L. Jackson, Lynn Whitfield, Debbi Morgan, Diahann Carroll, and Jurnee Smollett. Lemmons began writing the screenplay for "Eve's Bayou" in 1992. It was the first screenplay she had written by herself. To convince studios that she could direct "Eve's Bayou", she filmed "Dr. Hugo", a short film based on a section of the script of "Eve's Bayou". "Eve's Bayou" was well-received among critics (currently holding an 80% rate of approval on review aggregator site Rotten Tomatoes) and won Lemmons an Independent Spirit Award for Best First Feature as well as a National Board of Review award for Outstanding Directorial Debut. It was the highest-grossing independent film in 1997.


title: Kasi Lemmons

text: In 2001 she directed Jackson again in "The Caveman's Valentine" about a schizophrenic homeless man trying to solve a murder mystery. In 2002 Lemmons conceived and helmed the tribute to Sidney Poitier for the 74th Annual Academy Award show. Shortly afterwards it was announced that Lemmons would direct "The Battle of Cloverfield", a supernatural thriller, from her own script for Columbia Pictures.


title: Kasi Lemmons

text: In 2007, she directed "Talk to Me" that was centered around the television personality and activist Ralph Waldo "Petey" Greene Jr., played by Don Cheadle. For the film Talk to Me (2007 film), Lemmons received the NAACP Image Awards for Outstanding Directing in a Motion Picture and was named as Best Director by the African-American Film Critics Association. In a 2007 interview with FF2 Media's Jan Lisa Huttner, Lemmons said "Talk to Me" "became a film about a time when change was possible and even revolution was possible. We didn't know what was going to happen. It was a very devastating time and a very frightening time, but it was alive. It was alive."


title: Kasi Lemmons

text: Lemmons adapted the Broadway musical "Black Nativity" and filmed it in 2013. It starred Academy Award winners Forest Whitaker and Jennifer Hudson, as well as Academy Award nominee Angela Bassett.


title: Kasi Lemmons

text: Lemmons's 2019 film "Harriet", a biographical film about Harriet Tubman, premiered at the Toronto International Film Festival. Its star, Cynthia Erivo, was nominated for an Academy Award. Lemmons said to the "Los Angeles Times" about her research for "Harriet": "All the elements of a great adventure film are right there in the Harriet Tubman story. It's about a woman who was running a whole lot of her life so action did not have to be imposed. It's inherent. The jeopardy, the movement, the courage, that's all inherent and we wanted to let that play out on screen because we need our female hero stories. This one is about a tiny black woman who did incredible things."


title: Kasi Lemmons

text: In August 2021, Lemmons was brought on to direct "I Wanna Dance with Somebody", a Whitney Houston biopic for Sony Pictures, Compelling Pictures and Muse of Fire Productions from a script by "Bohemian Rhapsody" scribe Anthony McCarten.


title: Kasi Lemmons

text: Lemmons explained during an interview that she considered writing to be central to her task as a director: "I've been writing scripts all the time, pretty much every day for fourteen years... I have to write scripts, because that's the only way I can write parts that will get a lot of people whom I really want to work with involved."


title: Kasi Lemmons

text: Lemmons has worked extensively as a mentor and educator. She has been a board member of Film Independent and has contributed to Film Independent's Filmmaker Labs as a speaker and moderator. She also continues to serve as an advisor to the Sundance Screenwriter and Filmmaker Labs. Guest lecturing and speaking engagements include Yale University, Columbia Film School, MIT, UCLA, USC, The Los Angeles Film School and The University of Pristina Film School in Kosovo. Kasi was Vassar College's 2008 Artist in Residence and in the 2010–2011 academic year, Lemmons was the UCLA Regents’ Lecturer in the School of Theater, Film & Television. She was also the leader/moderator of the AFI curriculum's core class, Narrative Workshop.


title: Kasi Lemmons

text: Lemmons has been married to actor and director Vondie Curtis-Hall since 1995. The couple have four children, including actor Henry Hunter Hall.


title: Kasi Lemmons

text: Lemmons says she is primarily an artist: "I don't wake up every day saying I'm a black woman because it's too given, but I wake up every day feeling like an artist and I feel I'm an artist".


Grease: The Original Soundtrack from the Motion Picture is the original motion picture soundtrack for the 1978 film "Grease". It was originally released by RSO Records and subsequently re-issued by Polydor Records between 1984 and 1991. It has sold over 30 million copies worldwide, making it one of the best-selling albums of all time, also ranking amongst the biggest selling soundtrack albums of all time. The song "You're the One That I Want" was a US and UK No. 1 for stars John Travolta and Olivia Newton-John.


title: Grease: The Original Soundtrack from the Motion Picture

text: Besides performers John Travolta and Olivia Newton-John, the album also featured songs by rock and roll revival group Sha Na Na as well as the hit song "Grease", a tune written by Barry Gibb (of the Bee Gees) and sung by Frankie Valli (of The Four Seasons) that was an additional US number one.


text: The soundtrack was released on April 14, 1978, two months ahead of the film's release. As with most musicals of the period, the vocal takes recorded for the album release–and in some cases the instrumental background as well–do not lock to picture but were recorded during entirely different soundtrack sessions often months prior or subsequent to the performances used for lip sync in the film.


text: The cover gives credit to, and prominently features, the two stars of the film—John Travolta and Olivia Newton-John—although they only appear on seven of the 24 tracks. Sha Na Na performed many of the 1950s numbers in the film, the recordings of which also appear on the soundtrack. Stockard Channing sings lead on two of the tracks; the two tracks remain her only significant contribution to recorded popular music to date. The title track (which is featured twice on the soundtrack, at the beginning and end) was recorded by Frankie Valli, who had no other connection with the film.


text: The entirety of the score written by Jim Jacobs and Warren Casey for the Broadway musical was included on the soundtrack and/or in the film, with the exception of two songs: "Shakin' at the High School Hop" (originally composed to open Act II of the musical) and "All Choked Up" (the song originally written into the spot where the film used "You're the One that I Want") were both left out of both the film and the soundtrack. Not all of the songs were included in the film; songs cut from the film were performed on the soundtrack by Louis St. Louis and Cidny (then Cindy) Bullens or converted to instrumentals. Songs in the musical that were not performed by Rizzo, Danny, Sandy, the Teen Angel, or Johnny Casino & the Gamblers were given to those characters or to St. Louis and Bullens; these included Sandy's original feature number "It's Raining on Prom Night" (given to Bullens and used as a jukebox background song), Marty's "Freddy, My Love" (given to Bullens), Doody's "Those Magic Changes" (given to Johnny Casino & the Gamblers), Kenickie's "Greased Lightnin'" (given to Danny), and both of the songs originally attributed to a character named Roger that was written out of the film, "Mooning" and "Rock'n'Roll Party Queen" (both given to St. Louis; "Mooning" was replaced in function in the film by the 1930s standard "Blue Moon," performed by the Gamblers). Rizzo's 11 o'clock number "There Are Worse Things I Could Do" was only kept in the film at Channing's fervent insistence, as she felt the song (and the storyline behind it) was necessary to prevent Rizzo from becoming a one-dimensional caricature.


text: The most successful songs from the soundtrack were written specifically for the film. They included the "Billboard" number-one hits "Grease", "You're the One That I Want" and the Academy Award-nominated "Hopelessly Devoted to You". In the UK, the album proved even more successful where "You're the One That I Want" and "Summer Nights" (a song carried over from the original musical) reached No.1 for nine and seven weeks respectively, while "Grease", "Hopelessly Devoted to You" and "Sandy" all became top three hits. The soundtrack album hit the top of the charts in the US during the summer of 1978, replacing The Rolling Stones' "Some Girls". In the UK, it remained at the top of the charts for 13 consecutive weeks. As of 2011, "You're the One That I Want" and "Summer Nights" are still among the 20 best-selling singles of all time in the UK (at Nos.6 and 19 respectively). "Greased Lightnin'," another carryover from the stage version, was also released as a single, reaching the top 20 in the UK but narrowly missing the top 40 in the US in part because of the lyrical content not being permitted on US radio.