title: Confidence

text: Stereotype threat examines how a social identity that is negatively stereotyped causes vulnerabilities in a stereotype-relevant situation. This concept examines factors such as difficulty of the task while experiencing stereotype threat, beliefs about abilities, as well as the interplay of the relevance of the stereotype to the task.


title: Confidence

text: Some have suggested that self-confidence is more adaptive in cultures where people are not very concerned about maintaining harmonious relationships. But in cultures that value positive feelings and self-confidence less, maintenance of smooth interpersonal relationships are more important, and therefore self-criticism and a concern to save face is more adaptive. For example, Suh et al. (1998) argue that East Asians are not as concerned as maintaining self-confidence as Americans and many even find Asians perform better when they "lack" confidence.


title: Confidence

text: Many sports psychologists have noted the importance of self-confidence in winning athletic competitions. Amongst athletes, gymnasts who tend to talk to themselves in an instructional format tended to be more self-confident than gymnasts who did not. Researchers have found that self-confidence is also one of the most influential factors in how well an athlete performs in a competition. In particular, "robust self-confidence beliefs" are correlated with aspects of "mental toughness," or the ability to cope better than your opponents with many demands and remain determined, focused and in control under pressure. In particular, Bull et al. (2005) make the distinction between "robust confidence" which leads to tough thinking, and "resilient confidence" which involves over-coming self doubts and maintaining self-focus and generates "tough thinking." These traits enable athletes to "bounce back from adversity." When athletes confront stress while playing sports, their self-confidence decreases. However feedback from their team members in the form of emotional and informational support reduces the extent to which stresses in sports reduces their self-confidence. At high levels of support, performance related stress does not affect self-confidence.


title: Confidence

text: In a group, their desire for success and confidence can also be related. It was found that groups that had a higher desire for success did better in performance than the group with a weaker desire. The more frequently a group succeeded, the more interest they had for the activity and their desire for success grew. Success can influence a group to have higher goals and strive to work harder. However, it may not apply to tasks that are extrinsically motivating. However, over-confidence can cause people to load which can hinder a group's performance. Individuals with high confidence whose performance were identifiable are less likely to loaf than the individuals with less confidence within the same situation. Individuals confidence makes for a successful team performance which improves the team's confidence.


title: Confidence

text: One of the earliest measures of self-confidence used a 12-point scale centered on zero, ranging from a minimum score characterizing someone who is “timid and self-distrustful, Shy, never makes decisions, self effacing” to an upper extreme score representing someone who is “able to make decisions, absolutely confident and sure of his own decisions and opinions.”


title: Confidence

text: Some have measured self-confidence as a simple construct divided into affective and cognitive components: anxiety as an affective aspect and self-evaluations of proficiency as a cognitive component.


title: Confidence

text: The more context-based Personal Evaluation Inventory (PEI), developed by Shrauger (1995), measures specific self-esteem and self-confidence in different aspects (speaking in public spaces, academic performance, physical appearance, romantic relationships, social interactions, athletic ability, and general self-confidence). Other surveys have also measured self-confidence in a similar way by evoking examples of more concrete activities (e.g. making new friends, keeping up with course demands, managing time wisely, etc.). The Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2 (CSAI-2) measures on a scale of 1 to 4 how confident athletes feel about winning an upcoming match. Likewise, the Trait Robustness of Sports-Confidence Inventory (TROSCI) requires respondents to provide numerical answers on a nine-point scale answering such questions about how much one's self-confidence goes up and down, and how sensitive one's self-confidence is to performance and negative feedback.


title: Confidence

text: Others, skeptical about the reliability of such self-report indices, have measured self-confidence by having examiners assess non-verbal cues of subjects, measuring on a scale of 1 to 5 whether the individual


title: Confidence

text: The Wheel of Wellness was the first theoretical model of Wellness based in counseling theory. It is a model based on Adler's individual psychology and cross-disciplinary research on characteristics of healthy people who live longer and with a higher quality of life. The Wheel of Wellness includes five life tasks that relate to each other: spirituality, self-direction, work and leisure, friendship, and love. There are 15 subtasks of self-direction areas: sense of worth, sense of control, realistic beliefs, emotional awareness and coping, problem solving and creativity, sense of humor, nutrition, exercise, self-care, stress management, gender identity, and cultural identity. There are also five second-order factors, the Creative Self, Coping Self, Social Self, Essential Self, and Physical Self, which allow exploration of the meaning of wellness within the total self. In order to achieve a high self-esteem, it is essential to focus on identifying strengths, positive assets, and resources related to each component of the Wellness model and using these strengths to cope with life challenges.


title: Confidence

text: Implicitly measured self-esteem has been found to be weakly correlated with explicitly measured self-esteem. Two experiments were conducted to examine implicit self-esteem by using a self-other Implicit Association Test (IAT.) Participants were asked to complete two different self-other IAT's. One esteem-IAT had the other be unspecified and one in which the other specified to be a close friend. Friend other-IAT was just a replication of unspecified other-IAT, but the specified person could be either a dating partner or a close friend of the opposite sex. The order that it was taken was first, unspecified and then specified to avoid participants from associating the specified person to the unspecified other-IAT. Afterward, participants completed an explicit measure of self-esteem through a self-semantic differential, a self-feeling thermometer, and the Rosenberg (1965) Self-Esteem Scale. There was no correlation found in the relationship between implicit and explicit measures of esteem. This leads some critics to assume that explicit and implicit self-confidence are two completely different types of self-esteem. Therefore, this has drawn the conclusion that one will either have a distinct, unconscious self-esteem OR they will consciously misrepresent how they feel about themselves. Recent studies have shown that implicit self-esteem doesn't particularly tap into the unconscious, rather that people consciously overreport their levels of self-esteem. Another possibility is that implicit measurement may be assessing a different aspect of conscious self-esteem altogether. Inaccurate self-evaluation is commonly observed in healthy populations. In the extreme, large differences between oneʼs self-perception and oneʼs actual behavior is a hallmark of a number of disorders that have important implications for understanding treatment seeking and compliance.


title: Confidence

text: Motivation theories have suggested that successful performance hinges on both skill and will. Yet, even a motivated and skilled individual can fail to perform if they do not have a personal belief that they can handle what it takes or what needs to be done. Overconfidence frequently occurs in patients with schizophrenia, which is a defining feature of delusions. Metacognitive training for psychosis (MCT) reduces delusions and hallucinations according to a meta-analysis, which is attributed to the attenuation of response confidence.


title: Confidence

text: Self-confidence has an effect on interest and/or enthusiasm and self-regulation. Evidence says that self-confidence is the base of striving to accomplish goals and improve performance. Self-confidence is not motivation, but it plays a factor in what one perceives they are capable of performing. Low confidence makes it less likely that a person will initiate action and more likely that a person will disengage because they doubt they can handle what needs to be done. Even with skill and motivation, without confidence, goals are not likely to be met. In certain fields of medical practice patients experience lack of self-confidence during the recovery period. This is commonly referred to as DSF or "defectum sui fiducia" from the Latin etymology of lack of self-confidence. For example, this can be the case after stroke whereby the patient refrains from using the weaker lower limb due to fear of it not being strong enough to hold their weight whilst standing or walking.


title: Confidence

text: The mindset that an individual has towards their goals is influenced by self-confidence. As well as “to mediate the relationship between goals intentions and motivation.” Research has shown that the higher the confidence is, the higher the goals.  Due to the belief that they can accomplish and are able to commit to greater goals. When people do not accomplish their goals, they are not content. Bandura (1986) predicts that people who had a higher self-confidence will become even more persistent to accomplish their goals. Whereas those who put themselves down and have doubts will lean more towards giving up quickly. Higher self-confident individuals will change their goals to cater more towards them. The lower self-confident individuals will “become discouraged and abandon their goal altogether.”


title: Confidence

text: Kavanagh and Hausfeld (1986) reported that “induced moods” did not change the expectation of their confidence.


title: Confidence

text: However, Bandura (1988) has argued that individuals perceived confidence indicates capability rather than their “physiological arousal condition.” It is in their mind, if people do not believe that they are capable of coping then they experience disruption which lowers their confidence about their performance. Research shows evidence that anxiety symptoms is not related to the “frightful cognition,” but due to the individual's self-confidence to manage them.


title: Confidence

text: There are several debates concerning the overconfidence phenomenon and what its source is. It is suggested that the confidence bias can be explained by a noisy conversion of objective evidence (observation) into subjective estimates (judgment), whereas noise is defined as the mixing of memories during the storing (observing/learning) and retrieval process (remembering/judgment). The information-theoretic logic behind this explanation is very similar to the mechanism that can also lead to the conservatism bias, and holds that we mix true and false evidence during storage and retrieval of evidence to and from our memories. The confidence bias results because as judges we "look inside our own memory" (evaluate our confidence) and find evidence that is more extreme than when we retrieve evidence for our judgements (which are conservative due to mixing of extreme values during retrieval). This explanation is very simple and straightforward, but nevertheless sufficient mechanism to generate both, overconfidence (in situations where judges are very sure) and underconfidence (in cases when judges openly state to lack the required knowledge).


title: Confidence

text: Others have described evolutionary models which explain that "counterintuitively, overconfidence maximizes individual fitness and populations tend to become overconfident, as long as benefits from contested resources are sufficiently large compared with the cost of competition".


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: The Mickey Mouse universe is a fictional shared universe which is the setting for stories involving Disney cartoon characters Mickey and Minnie Mouse, Pluto, Goofy, and many other characters. The universe originated from the "Mickey Mouse" animated short films produced by Disney starting in 1928. Still, its first consistent version was created by Floyd Gottfredson in the "Mickey Mouse" newspaper comic strip. Real-world versions also exist in Disneyland and Tokyo Disneyland, called Mickey's Toontown.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: Since 1990, the city in which Mickey lives is typically called Mouseton in American comics. In modern continuity, Mouseton is often depicted as being located in the fictional U.S. state of Calisota, analogous to Northern California. This fictional state was invented by comics writer Carl Barks in 1952 as the location for Donald Duck's home city, Duckburg.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: The most consistent aspect of the Mickey Mouse universe is the characters. The most well-known include Mickey's girlfriend Minnie, pet dog Pluto, friends Goofy, Horace Horsecollar, Clarabelle Cow, and nemesis Pete. Some Disney productions incorporate characters from Disney's animated feature films, such as "Bath Day" (1946), in which Figaro from "Pinocchio" appears as Minnie's cat (becoming her recurring pet in several productions), "Mickey's Christmas Carol" (1983), and – most extensively – "Disney's House of Mouse" (2001–2003).


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: Although crossovers between the Mickey Mouse and Donald Duck universes have been infrequent, the two universes overlap. Characters from the Donald Duck universe make occasional appearances in the Mickey Mouse universe and vice versa.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: The term "Mickey Mouse universe" is not officially used by The Walt Disney Company, but it has been used by Disney comics author and animation historian David Gerstein. The Walt Disney Company typically uses terms such as Mickey & Friends or Mickey & the Gang to refer to the character franchise.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: The Mickey Mouse universe essentially originated with the debut of Mickey himself in "Plane Crazy" (1928). Although Mickey's stories included the character Pete, who was created in 1925, the world in which Mickey lives holds a continuity largely independent from earlier films. An exception to this was the reintroduction of Oswald the Lucky Rabbit in 2010 with the release of "Epic Mickey".


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: In 1930, Disney began a "Mickey Mouse" comic strip which greatly expanded Mickey's world. The stories then became a work of collaborative fiction with writers working in different mediums and different countries. This sometimes caused continuity discrepancies. For example, while Mickey and his friends largely live in the same contemporary setting, they sometimes appear in exotic settings, including period pieces ("Brave Little Tailor", "The Nifty Nineties") and fantasy films ("Fantasia", "Fun and Fancy Free").


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: The comics writers explained this discrepancy was to present the characters as "real" cartoon characters who are employed by Disney as actors. Walter J. Ong in his cultural research of Mickey Mouse and Americanism also agreed with this opinion. In short, characters are more human-like, featuring fewer animal features in their characteristics. This understanding of the characters leading separate lives was welcomed by Walt Disney. When asked whether or not Mickey and Minnie were married, Disney replied that the mice were indeed married in their "private lives", but that they sometimes appear as boyfriend and girlfriend for "screen purposes." Also, in the World War II propaganda film "The New Spirit" (1942), Donald Duck fills out his income tax and lists his occupation as "actor", and the film "" (2004) includes a DVD bonus feature of the characters reminiscing on their experience filming the feature film.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: Animation historian David Gerstein has noted that although the characters will appear in different settings and sometimes even change their names ("Mickey's Christmas Carol"), the characters are still themselves and behave in a way consistent with their natures.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: Initially, Disney comics were produced in the United States. Over the years, demand for these comics eventually became so intense that stories were created in the United States exclusively for foreign consumption. Disney licensed its characters to foreign publishers. As a result, many Disney comics stories have been created by European or Latin American authors, resulting in more continuity discrepancies and local variations of the Mickey Mouse and Donald Duck universes. Some characters have become more popular abroad than in the United States, while some appeared and were used solely in foreign stories.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: Generally, Mickey Mouse series films are for entertainment purposes. Unlike traditional stories like Aesop's Fables, Disney animation generally does not avoid adult or mature scenes. In "Hawaiian Holiday" (1937), Goofy was in a scene of being in a grave. Disney arranged a laugh scene after that. Its choice of scene creation can be seen as a signature of the attention to entertainment effort.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: In "Plane Crazy" (1928), the first produced Mickey Mouse story, Mickey is seen at a farm. In his early films, Mickey is in a rural setting, but most commonly at a farm. This setting was succinctly presented in the first sentences of one of Mickey's first storybooks:


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: In the "Mickey Mouse" newspaper strip, Mickey's farm was most likely located in the midwestern United States, as indicated by characters' comments to have arrived "out west" to Death Valley and to go "back east" to conduct business, etc. This rural setting reflected own childhood in Missouri and like Disney, Mickey eventually moved to the city, although he never forgets his roots. Mickey sometimes makes references to his life "back on the farm."


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: Mickey appeared in an urban setting as early as 1931 in the short film "Traffic Troubles" where he works as a taxi driver. Mickey's city was unnamed until 1932, when the comic story "The Great Orphanage Robbery" identified it as Silo Center. Some Floyd Gottfredson stories simply called the city Hometown while other Gottfredson stories used the name Mouseville. But the first consistent name for Mickey's city came in 1950s Italy, where it was called Topolinia (from "Topolino" or 'little mouse,' Mickey's Italian name).


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: In 1990, Disney Comics launched the new American comic "Mickey Mouse Adventures" and initially planned to use the name Mouseville there. But due to then-current Mighty Mouse cartoons' use of a city called Mouseville, the new name Mouseton was created for Mickey's town instead; both in "Mickey Mouse Adventures" and in Disney's contemporary reprints of vintage stories in "Walt Disney's Comics and Stories" (1991–93). Later publisher Gemstone and the present Boom Studios have continued the use of Mouseton from 2003 onward. Strangely, in-between licensee Gladstone (1993–99) usually left Mickey's city unnamed, or—very rarely—referenced it as Duckburg, better known as Donald Duck's hometown.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: Mouseton's location in Calisota and its positioning with regard to Duckburg (the cities being not far from one another) were the subject of speculation early on, but have generally been treated consistently in American publications from 2003 onward.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: In Disney comics published by Egmont (Scandinavia) and Abril (Brazil), Mickey lives in Duckburg—even though Mickey and Donald only rarely team up in shared comics adventures. The same tradition extends to Disney comics published in Germany by Egmont subdivision Ehapa (Duckburg is called "Entenhausen" in German), although the German comics have mentioned possible equivalents of Mouseton as neighboring towns or villages: "Mausdorf" (German for "mouse village") and "Mäuslingen" (German equivalent to "Mouseville").


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: In Germany, the Netherlands, Brazil and Scandinavia, local tradition has it that Mickey's hometown is simply a different district of Duckburg. In Disney theme parks, the Roger Rabbit-inspired Toontown, a district in Los Angeles specifically for cartoon characters, is presented as Mickey's home.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: In some 1920s and 1930s Disney press releases and magazines, Mickey was described as living in Hollywood—even though the rural setting of the actual cartoons and comics had little in common with the real Hollywood.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: In the film "Mr. Mouse Takes a Trip" (1940) Mickey and Pluto live in the actual world city of Burbank, California, home of Walt Disney Studios.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: In the "Kingdom Hearts" series, both the Mouseton and Duckburg characters live in a realm called "Disney Town."


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: The Walt Disney Parks and Resorts modeled Mickey's hometown and birthplace as Mickey's Toontown. Occasional modern animated projects reference Toontown as well.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: In the TV series "Goof Troop" (1992–1993) Goofy and Pete live in the fictional town of Spoonerville. The town also appears in the 1993 videogame of the same name and in the two films based on the series: "A Goofy Movie" (1995) and "An Extremely Goofy Movie" (2000).


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: In the TV series "Mickey Mouse Mixed-Up Adventures" (2017-2021) the characters live in the fictional town of Hot Dog Hills.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: An anthropomorphic mouse most often dressed in gloves, red shorts and yellow shoes. While typically given a modest and pleasant personality, he is often an enthusiastic and determined character, seeking new adventures, excitement and mysteries. He often serves as the de facto leader of his friends. He was introduced in 1928.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: Mickey's female counterpart, an anthropomorphic mouse usually portrayed as his girlfriend who first appeared in 1928. Originally characterized as a flapper, Minnie has often played Mickey's damsel in distress. Her most frequent profession in early cartoons was a musician and songwriter.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: Mickey's short tempered friend who was first introduced in 1934. Donald is an anthropomorphic duck who gets mad when characters are mocking him. He dates Daisy Duck and is the uncle of Huey, Dewey, and Louie.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: Donald's female counterpart, an anthropomorphic Duck usually portrayed as his girlfriend who first appeared in 1940. She sometimes gets upset with Donald when he loses his temper. Daisy has an equally dangerous temper but a much more sophisticated mien. She is also best friends with Minnie Mouse.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: Mickey's clumsy, dim-witted and well-meaning friend who was first introduced in 1932. Goofy is an anthropomorphic dog who is accident-prone. In some stories he dates Clarabelle Cow while other times he is shown as a single parent. His original name was Dippy Dawg.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: Mickey Mouse's pet dog who was first introduced in 1930 as Minnie's dog Rover and in 1931 as Mickey's dog. Unlike the anthropomorphic Goofy, Pluto is a normal dog who walks on four legs and rarely speaks.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: A tall, anthropomorphic cow who is Minnie Mouse's friend and was introduced in 1928. She is prone to gossip and occasionally plays a well-meaning but ineffective parent figure to Donald Duck. She has been known to date both Horace Horsecollar and Goofy.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: A tall, anthropomorphic horse who is Mickey Mouse's friend who first appeared in 1929. He is prone to bragging and practical joking. Before the appearance of Donald Duck and Goofy, Horace was Mickey Mouse's usual sidekick. He is often seen as the boyfriend of Clarabelle Cow.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: Oswald is an anthropomorphic black rabbit who first appeared in "Trolley Troubles" (1927). He is described metafictionally as Mickey's older half "brother" in the video game "Epic Mickey". This is a reference to the fact that Oswald was Walt Disney's primary cartoon star before the creation of Mickey Mouse, though he was owned by Universal Pictures at the time. Disney's removal from the Oswald series in 1928 led to Mickey's creation. In 2006, The Walt Disney Company acquired the rights to Oswald, and have since used him in the "Epic Mickey" video game franchise. The game is unclear whether Mickey and Oswald are brothers; Yen Sid's closing narration merely states that the wizard hopes the two heroes will come to think of each other as brothers.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: Chief Seamus O'Hara is the chief of police in the Mickey Mouse universe. He plays a supportive role in Mickey Mouse's comic-book mysteries, often relying on Mickey's help to solve crimes committed by criminals such as Pete, The Phantom Blot and others. Known fellow officers include his head detective, Detective Casey.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: The character was conceived by Floyd Gottfredson and Merrill De Maris for Disney's comic strips as a stereotypical Irish cop. He first appeared in the newspaper strips in May 1939, in the serial "Mickey Mouse Outwits the Phantom Blot". He eventually became a recurring character in European comics stories. O'Hara also appeared on "Mickey Mouse Works" and "Disney's House of Mouse", voiced by Corey Burton.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: In the Brazilian version of the comics, he is known as "Coronel Cintra", in the Danish versions as "Politimester Striks", in the Finnish translation, he is known as "Poliisimestari Simo Sisu" (possibly named after the Finnish concept of sisu), in the French versions as "Commissaire Finot", in the German versions as "Kommissar Albert Hunter" (Kommissar means commissioner in German), in the Italian version as "Commissario Adamo Basettoni" (with "Basettoni" referring to his prominent sideburns, ""basette""), and in the Swedish versions as "Kommissarie Konrad Karlsson".


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: In Italian stories, O'Hara has a wife called Petulia. Before her introduction, O'Hara frequently mentions his wife, with the first instance of this being "The Gleam" (1942).


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: Detective Casey (sometimes Inspector Casey) is Chief O'Hara's head detective, first appearing in the Mickey Mouse daily comic in the 1938 sequence "The Plumber's Helper". The story was plotted and penciled by Floyd Gottfredson and written by Merrill De Maris. Casey disappeared from American comics in the 1950s, but was used frequently in Europe, especially in Italy, afterwards; from 2003, he returned as a frequent player in the American comics.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: Despite his occupation, Casey is an impatient man of only average intelligence. Thus, while sometimes a successful detective, he is prone to bungling cases as well. Therefore, Chief O'Hara often recruits Mickey Mouse to help solve some of Casey's cases, much to Casey's general irritation.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: Eega Beeva, also known by his proper name "Pittisborum Psercy Pystachi Pseter Psersimmon Plummer-Push", is a human from the future, although some translations refer to him as an alien. He was created by Floyd Gottfredson (art) and Bill Walsh (plot) and first appeared on September 26, 1947, in the "Mickey Mouse" comic strip storyline "The Man of Tomorrow". The complete original run of Eega Beeva stories has been anthologised in "The Floyd Gottfredson Library" volumes 9 "Rise of the Rhyming Man" and 10 "Planet of Faceless Foes," published by Fantagraphics Books in 2016. The story arcs are given the titles "The Man of Tomorrow," "Mickey Makes a Killing," "Pflip the Thnuckle-booh," "The Santa Claus Bandit," "The Kumquat Question," "The Atombrella and the Rhyming Man," "An Education for Eega," "Pflip's Strange Power," "Planet of the Aints" (alternate title "Be-junior and the Aints"), "Itching Gulch," "The Syndicate of Crime," and "The Moook Treasure." Eega's final appearance is a three day bridge between story arcs; for convenience, the anthology prints this event as the start of the story arc "Mousepotamia," in which Mickey is abducted to a foreign land, bereft of all his traditional companions.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: In Eega's debut story, Mickey Mouse and Goofy seek shelter from a thunderstorm and get lost in a cave. There, Mickey suddenly encounters an unusual humanoid who only says "Eega" at first. When Mickey and Goofy find the cave's exit, Mickey invites the being to stay at his house, and the being identifies himself as "Pittisborum Psercy Pystachi Pseter Psersimmon Plummer-Push". Finding this name too cumbersome, Mickey gives him the name "Eega Beeva" (a corruption of the idiom "eager beaver". At first, Goofy refuses to believe in the existence of Eega Beeva and ignores his presence. In a series of events, two scientists conclude that Eega Beeva is a human from 500 years in the future. At the end of the storyline, Eega saves Goofy from a skiing accident, causing them to become friends.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: In the next comic strip storyline starring Eega Beeva, "Mickey Makes a Killing", his pet Pflip the Thnuckle Booh is introduced. Eega continues being Mickey's sidekick in the American comic strips until July 1950.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: Eega Beeva is depicted as a humanoid with a wide head, mitten-like hands and a scrawny body. In "The Man of Tomorrow", the name is given to him by Mickey, since Eega Beeva originally only said "Eega." In the original conception of the character, Eega Beeva's look was attributed to him being a highly evolved human from 500 years in the future, namely from the year 2447. All humans would have Eega-like proportions. He wears short, black trousers which have pockets of seemingly infinite size and can hold a multitude of objects sometimes much bigger than Eega Beeva himself (similar to Doctor Who's TARDIS), often helping Mickey Mouse and Eega in difficult situations. A running joke in the comic is that when Eega Beeva is searching for something in his pockets, he has to take multiple attempts, as he first finds completely unrelated objects. Another trademark attribute of the character is his "alien" speech, adding a "p" at the beginning of most words. From his first appearance, he has been shown to prefer sleeping on top of narrow poles, such as on top of Mickey Mouse's bedpost. He eats pickled kumquats for food (changed to mothballs in Italian translations and stories produced in Italy) and is severely allergic to cash; these traits have sometimes been used as plot devices. While a genius scientist by today's standards, Eega Beeva is also maladjusted to the contemporary world. Depending on the stories and writers, his behaviour ranges from naïve and eccentric (including being "primitive" and attacking radios as demons) to serious and rational (being able to recite complex scientific equations which leave Earth's best scientists baffled). Other members of Eega's species are glimpsed briefly. In his wallet he keeps a photograph of his fiancée (who is beautiful even by 20th century standards), and his farewell moments show additional snapshots of his father, mother, grandfather, and sister. He also has a brother, whose picture is obscured in the scene depicting the others.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: Eega Beeva was a central character in the American newspaper Disney comic strips, for nearly three years. He was Mickey Mouse's main sidekick during this period, effectively replacing Goofy, whose appearances became few and far between. This lasted until July 1950, when Eega abruptly returned to his home in the future. Walsh's stories are often wildly inconsistent in themselves as to what Eega Beeva's attributes and back story are, as pointed out in the editorial columns in "The Floyd Gottfredson Library". During his first story "The Man of Tomorrow," Goofy declares that Eega is only a hallucinatory apparition because he casts no shadow, when in fact an earlier panel in the story showed Eega's shadow. In Eega's farewell appearance, he refers to his family as "the Beeva family". As he departs into the cave where Mickey first met him, he implies that his family live in there are eagerly awaiting his homecoming. This contradicts his first story, where "Beeva" is a name Mickey made up for him, and Eega's family were not yet to be born for another 400 or more years.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: While Eega Beeva was still being featured in the American comic strips, he made his first appearance in a 1949 Italian comic story titled "L'inferno di Topolino" (lit. "Mickey Mouse's inferno," "Topolino" issue 7), in which Mickey plays Dante Alighieri in a theatre production of the "Divine Comedy". The character was newly discovered and defined by Italian comics artist and writer Romano Scarpa with the comic "Topolino e la nave del microcosmo" (lit. "Mickey Mouse and the ship of microcosm"), published in "Topolino" 167 in July 1957; American translation published in BOOM's "Mickey Mouse Classics 1 - Mouse Tails" (2010). (Eega had previously appeared in stories which Scarpa drew but did not write, including Guido Martina's "Topolino e il doppio segreto di Macchia Nera" in "Topolino" 116-119, 1955 - Americanised in Gladstone's "Mickey and Donald" 6-8 [1988] and Fantagraphics' hardcover album "Mickey Mouse: The Phantom Blot's Double Mystery" [2018].) Rather than his whimsical attributes, the "microcosm" story focuses on the futuristic and fantastic aspects of Eega Beeva and his environment, as do later stories. in German Some of those stories star Eega Beeva without Mickey. The character has since been used numerous times by European authors, mostly in Italy where more than half of all comics featuring him were produced. He is referred to as Eta Beta in Italian and Gamma in German.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: Older Italian stories often portrayed him as an alien from outer space. More recently (post-2000), Italian writers have generally reverted to Gottfredson's original conception of Eega as a future-man, though his precise year of origin is rarely mentioned. More recent Eega comics produced by Egmont, on the other hand, often refer to his hometown as being the Mouseton of 2447, just as in Gottfredson's original stories.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: Doctor Einmug is a scientist who was created by Ted Osborne (plot) and Floyd Gottfredson (plot and art) in the story "Island in the Sky", published in the "Mickey Mouse" comic strip from November 1936 to April 1937. He is a large man who wears a big white beard and laboratory coat.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: Doctor Einmug specializes in atomic physics and speaks in a German-like accent which was probably a nod towards Albert Einstein, "mug" also being a pun on "stein". His introductory story, "Island in the Sky", raises many issues about the benefits and dangers of atomic physics just a few years before the first atom bombs were developed.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: After that, Einmug did not re-appear in American comics for almost 50 years, but he was used in Italian ones, starting some 12 years later in 1959 when he appeared in Romano Scarpa's "Topolino e la dimensione Delta" ("Mickey Mouse and the Delta Dimension"). In this story, he discovered the means to travel to the Delta Dimension, which was effectively an infinite void of nothing, just space.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: Setting his laboratory up in the Delta Dimension, Einmug pursued his work and discovered that atoms were living beings. He thus increased the size of one of them to that of a small boy and named him Atomo Bleep-Bleep (Italian: ).


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: Einmug himself has also appeared in numerous European Mickey Mouse comics. He is often shown as less secretive and paranoid than in his original appearance, though his discoveries are still coveted by the likes of Pete and the Phantom Blot.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: Einmug reappeared in American comics in 1991 in the story "A Snatch in Time!" in which he had developed a time machine. It was written by Lamar Waldron and drawn by Rick Hoover and Gary Martin. More recently, Einmug has also appeared in American editions of "The Delta Dimension" and other European-made stories.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: Atomo Bleep-Bleep (, ) is a "humanized atom" created by Doctor Einmug, who used a gigantic meson accelerator to enlarge atoms to the size of a human child. The character was created by Romano Scarpa in the 1959 story "Topolino e la dimensione Delta" ("Mickey Mouse in the Delta Dimension"), published in "Topolino" No. 206. Bleep-Bleep is a good-natured, highly intelligent, hard-working blue creature with electrons constantly spinning around his large bald head. He was created at the same time as his "brother", a red atom named Bloop-Bloop, who was bad-tempered and lazy. Bleep-Bleep can spit mesons to alter or manipulate the attributes of physical objects and uses this ability to accomplish various feats such as turning metal into chocolate or estimating with absolute precision when an object was created. In their first adventure together, Atomo and Mickey manage to foil Pete, who has enlisted Bloop-Bloop as his accomplice. Scarpa wrote and drew a further eight stories with Atomo that appeared in "Topolino" from 1959 to 1965. The character has been revived occasionally by other Italian authors. In his appearance as well as his role in the stories, Atomo is very similar to Gottfredson's Eega Beeva, a short, friendly science-fiction character with unpredictable powers that drive the plot. In English-language translations, Atomo Bleep-Bleep speaks with a German accent identical to Einmug's, insofar as Einmug was presented as Atomo's language teacher.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: Doc Static is an overweight, clean-shaven inventor with a lab coat, wavy hair and glasses who appears in Egmont comic stories. He serves the same role in Mickey stories that Gyro Gearloose or Ludwig Von Drake have for Donald and Scrooge.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: Ellsworth started as Goofy's pet mynah bird, but in later stories, he became an independent anthropomorphic animal. His full name is Ellsworth Bheezer (occasionally misspelled Bhezer—"beezer" is old English slang for a big nose or beak). He was created by Bill Walsh (plot) and Manuel Gonzales (art) for the "Mickey Mouse" Sunday pages, where he made his first appearance on October 30, 1949. Ellsworth remained for ten years a major character in the Sunday pages, sometimes stealing the spotlight from Mickey. In 1956 he started appearing in the daily pages, when these became gag-focused as well. He has also been used in longer comics stories, especially the ones produced in Italy, France and Brazil. In France, he has been the protagonist of his own series, published from 1985 to 2009 in "Le Journal de Mickey".


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: Ellsworth usually wears a red-orange shirt and a green cap or beret. Reflecting a trait of mynah birds who can imitate human speech, he is extremely vain and self-centered, which was originally the spotlight and center of jokes in his stories. On the other hand, Ellsworth is also a bonafide genius with awesome tech and scientific knowledge—the "Y" on his shirt in earlier stories stands for "Yarvard" (a parody of Harvard), his alma mater.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: Despite being more or less entirely humanized in more recent stories, Ellsworth retains his ability to fly, a unique trait among the central Disney funny animal cast.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: In manner, Ellsworth is often sarcastic and condescending, typically addressing others with statements like "Let's not [do X], shall we?" He is also quick to call others by insulting nicknames. But when push comes to shove, he is genuinely fond of and defensive of his pals Goofy and Mickey.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: Ellroy (original Italian name "Bruto Gancetto") is an anthropomorphic mynah bird and Ellsworth's adoptive son. He was created by Romano Scarpa in the story "Topolino e il rampollo di Gancio" ("Topolino" n°1048, 1975). After adopting Ellroy, Ellsworth entrusted him to Mickey Mouse. Ellroy went on to be Mickey Mouse's sidekick in numerous Italian comics stories by Scarpa and other authors. Like Ellsworth, Ellroy can fly by using his arms like wings. Ellsworth and Ellroy look very much alike – Ellroy being somewhat smaller – and have appeared together in relatively few stories : this has caused confusion between the two characters among readers and translators. Ellroy first appeared in American comic books in 2016.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: The Sleuth, Sureluck Sleuth in full, is an anthropomorphic canine. He is an English private eye operating in 19th century London and employing Mickey Mouse as an assistant. The character was created by Carl Fallberg (plot) and Al Hubbard (art) for the Disney Studio Program and intended solely for foreign publication. The first story in the series is ""Mickey and the Sleuth: The Case of the Wax Dummy"". Unusually for material created for the program, this story appeared domestically in the Procter & Gamble "Disney Magazine" giveaway and then was published by Gold Key in ""Walt Disney Showcase"" n°38 (1977). "Mickey and the Sleuth" stories were produced up until the late 1980s. Given their historical setting, these stories stand apart from other Mickey Mouse continuities. It is never explained if the "Mickey Mouse" working with the Sleuth is an ancestor of the present-day Mickey or if those stories are included in a totally different continuity. Adding to the muddle are the frequent humorous anachronisms which complicate the purportedly Victorian setting, and arguably place the stories in the genre of steampunk. Apart from Mickey, no other prominent Disney characters are featured in the stories. The Sleuth's recurring antagonists are Professor Nefarious and his three bumbling henchmen.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: The Sleuth is a good-natured gentleman; wearing a deerstalker hat, smoking a pipe and using a magnifying glass, he is an obvious parody of Sherlock Holmes, Mickey basically playing the part of Dr. Watson. Like his literary counterpart, he also plays the violin (albeit horribly). Unlike Sherlock Holmes, he is totally hopeless as a detective, sometimes unable to figure out crimes committed right in front of his eyes. Nevertheless, he always manages to solve his cases – hence ensuring a reputation as a great investigator – either by sheer luck, or thanks to his foes' fecklessness or simply because Mickey Mouse does all the actual detective work for him. Apart from Mickey, no one seems to be aware of the Sleuth's utter incompetence.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: The characters of The Sleuth and Professor Nefarious, complete with the University of Criminal Sciences and the henchman Fliplip, were portrayed in an extended sketch in an episode of "The New Mickey Mouse Club" in 1978. Two Mouseketeer cast members – Lisa Whelchel as the Sleuth's niece Lisa, and Scott Craig as Fliplip – performed alongside the two lead rivals, using puppetry and ventriloquism skills. The setting of the story was England, near the White Cliffs of Dover.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: Gideon Goat or Giddy Goat is an anthropomorphic goat, a supporting character in the Mickey Mouse comic strips of the 1930s. Gideon first appeared in the 1930 Mickey Mouse Book No. 1. He appeared in various American and European printed Disney comics until 1938. He was usually characterized as a farmer or the local sheriff. Gideon is married to a female anthropomorphic goat named Gertie (presumably Gertrude) who appeared in many early Mickey Mouse comics, primarily as a background character.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: Promotional materials for the 1935 animated short "The Band Concert" include Giddy Goat as one of the characters. In the released film, he was replaced by an unnamed trombonist dog character.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: Floyd Gottfredson made regular use of the character in his comic strips and later artists sometimes borrowed the character.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: Brick Boulder (original Italian name "Rock Sassi", which is a pleonasm as "sassi" means "rocks") is a plainclothes police officer who usually works together with Detective Casey. He first appeared in the story "La lunga notte del commissario Manetta" (English title: Casey's Longest Night) in 1997, written by Tito Faraci and drawn by Giorgio Cavazzano .


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: Like Casey, Brick Boulder is a bumbling and incompetent policeman. Curiously though, his intelligence seems to vary, even between stories by the same writer. He is physically more robust than the overweight Casey and likes to dress flashily, often wearing cowboy boots, a stetson and a bolo tie. He has been said to be a parody of Ronald Reagan and Arnold Schwarzenegger, the latter aspect being particularly obvious in his first appearance, but later toned down.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: Brick Boulder is from Texas, United States. In one story, it was revealed that his entire family consists of criminals. Despite this, Brick Boulder is law-abiding and has wanted to be a policeman since his early childhood, much to the disappointment of his family. Another quirk is that he is afraid of alligators, as shown in the story "Topolino e lo strano caso di Jack Due di Cuori".


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: Eurasia Toft ("Eurasia Tost" in Italian) is an adventurer and archaeologist, and a friend of Mickey and Goofy. Her first appearance happened in the 2003 story "The Lost Explorers' Trail", written by Casty (who also created the character) and drawn by Giorgio Cavazzano. She is a strong-willed character and can react very impulsively. Fans have likened her to Arizona Goof, though she has fewer personality quirks. Her name and character parody both Indiana Jones as well as Lara Croft (her Greek name is "Clara Loft"). Ever since the end of "Shadow of the Colossus", she has been obsessed with Atlantis; in her quest for the lost continent, she has repeatedly confronted a secret society called "Horde of the Violet Hare" (also created by Casty), who want to use Atlantean technology for their own goals.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: Clara Cluck debuted in 1934 in the Mickey Mouse cartoon "Orphan's Benefit". Since then she has appeared as a semi-regular character in the Mickey Mouse cartoons. In the comic books she is shown in Duck universe as Daisy Duck's best friend. Clara has been a member of Mickey's original farmyard gang since the beginning of his career, although she is seen less often than Clarabelle Cow and Horace Horsecollar.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: Clara's singing is meant to be a caricature of the Bel canto style of Opera singing popular at the time of her appearance. Some of her arias are clearly modelled on those of "Tosca". Her last major appearance was as one of the musicians in "Symphony Hour". Curiously, although she is seen in the rehearsal scenes at the beginning, she is not seen in the performance scenes at the end.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: In Disney comics she has been shown to date Gus Goose on very few occasions, and in the initial appearance of Panchito Pistoles she was the object of his affections.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: As with most Disney characters, she was given small cameos in "Mickey's Christmas Carol" (1983) and "Who Framed Roger Rabbit" (1988). She had some appearances in "Mickey Mouse Works" (1999), where she is presented as Daisy Duck's neighbor. She appeared occasionally in "House of Mouse" (2001). In one episode of that series, "Double Date Don", she fell in love with Donald Duck and aggressively pursued him by puckering her lips in front of him, forcing him to dance with her, wearing dresses and posing provocatively to lure him in. At one point she even grabs Donald and forcibly, yet passionately, kisses him full on the lips. She almost tricked Donald into marrying her but Daisy stopped the wedding in time. She also had appeared to put Minnie Mouse in jail for driving her car through Daisy's house to deliver an apple pie of hers.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: She also appeared as a recurring character in the series "Mickey and the Roadster Racers" (2017), where she is the mother of two chicks named Cleo and Clifford.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: Clara made a cameo appearance in the Timeless River world of "Kingdom Hearts II" with many other Disney characters like Clarabelle Cow and Horace Horsecollar as one of the world's citizens. She also makes an appearance in the "Mickey's Boo to You Parade" and for rare meet and greets at Walt Disney World's Magic Kingdom.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: The Aracuan Bird, also called the Clown of the Jungle, first appeared in the feature film "The Three Caballeros" (1944). The film's narrator introduces the Aracuan as "one of the most eccentric birds you have ever seen".


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: Panchito Pistoles is a red, Mexican rooster who was created as the third titular caballero (along with Donald Duck and José Carioca) for the 1944 film "The Three Caballeros". Later he appeared in several Disney comics, including a year-long run in the "Silly Symphony" Sunday comic strip (1944–1945), as well as Don Rosa's comic book stories "The Three Caballeros Ride Again" (2000) and "The Magnificent Seven (Minus 4) Caballeros" (2005).


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: José Carioca is a green, Brazilian parrot who first appears in the Disney film "Saludos Amigos" (1942) alongside Donald Duck. He returned in the 1944 film "The Three Caballeros" along with Donald and a Mexican rooster named Panchito Pistoles. José is from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (thus the name "Carioca", which is a term used for a person born in Rio de Janeiro).


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: Ortensia is the girlfriend of Oswald the Lucky Rabbit. She appeared in the Oswald shorts starting with "The Banker's Daughter" (1927; Lost cartoon), replacing Oswald's former love interest, a much more feminine and sultry rabbit named Fanny in production materials. Ortensia's original name during the production of the Oswald shorts was Sadie, as referenced in the title of the animated short "Sagebrush Sadie" (1928; Lost cartoon). The names for Oswald's love interests were never widely publicized, which is likely the reason she was given a new name in "Epic Mickey", following the alliteration pattern of Mickey and Minnie's mirrored relationship. Often in the original Oswald shorts, Oswald would compete with Pete for her affection. She also appeared in Oswald shorts produced by Charles Mintz and later Walter Lantz. In the Lantz shorts, she was called "Kitty". To add some confusion, copyright synopses of some Mintz and Lantz shorts erroneously refer to Ortensia/Kitty as Fanny.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: A teddy bear available at Disney parks, he was given a backstory in which Minnie Mouse sewed him for Mickey as he was leaving for a voyage at sea.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: Glory-Bee was Goofy's girlfriend who first appeared in a "Mickey Mouse" daily strip on June 19, 1969. She was first created by Bill Walsh, and appeared in some "Mickey Mouse" dailies by Floyd Gottfredson, and others written by Del Connell (drawn by Manuel Gonzales). Her predecessor appeared perhaps as early as 1946, in the form of Minnie Mouse's Aunt Marissa (from a multi-part story by Floyd Gottfredson printed in the "Mickey Mouse" dailies June 17–29, 1946, and reprinted twice in WDC&S No. 95 and No. 575, and later seen in a cameo one-page gag love story by Bill Walsh and Manuel Gonzales which also featured Mickey Mouse and Montmorency Rodent (Mortimer Mouse) (April 21, 1946) that has been dubbed "Spring, Love, Monty").


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: Glory-Bee is a slender, pretty, blonde, and young dognose lady who, while quite good-natured and likable, tends to be somewhat of an "airhead" (a stereotype of the "dumb blonde"), which may explain why she was dropped from Goofy's storyline altogether (though a better possibility is that Goofy will always be the consummate bachelor). While it might be difficult to imagine she had a very strong crush on Goofy, he hardly seemed to notice. Occasionally, however, he did try to impress her, even to the point of trying to reveal his Super Goof identity to her, to no avail. At one point Glory-Bee and Clarabelle Cow were even vying for Goofy's attention, but both failed to achieve their objective (WDS #8). Perhaps it was during this time that Clarabelle dropped her strange attraction to Goofy, and returned to her former paramour and fiancé, Horace Horsecollar.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: An anthropomorphic dog, Butch appeared as a gangster in "Mr. Slicker and the Egg Robbers". A sympathetic criminal, he eventually reformed, became Mickey's friend and remained in the strip as a supporting character until June 1931. He was revived in the 1990s as a member of Mickey's supporting cast in European Disney comics.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: Professor Zachary Zapotec and Dr. Spike Marlin are two Italian dogface characters created by Massimo De Vita. They are scientists from the Mouseton science museum. They are the inventors of a time machine which sends Mickey and Goofy on adventures in the past. Zapotec first appeared in "Topolino e l'enigma di Mu" in 1979 and Marlin first appeared in "Topolino e il segreto della Gioconda" in 1985. They also frequently argue but always forgive each other by the end. So far, they have only appeared in a handful of stories in the US.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: Pete Junior, better known simply as P.J., is Pete's son. He appears for first time in the short "Bellboy Donald", as a naughty little kid. Later, he appears in the TV series "Goof Troop", this time as kind pre-teen, and being Max Goof's best friend. After that he appeared in the film "A Goofy Movie", also in the role of Max's best friend, and its sequel "An Extremely Goofy Movie", where he, Max, and their friend Bobby go to college.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: Percy and Patricia Pigg (sometimes the surname being written as "Pig") are a married couple of anthropomorphic pigs. Percy made his debut in 1929 in the short "The Opry House", Patricia debuting that same year in "Mickey's Follies", also Percy's second appearance, and the only short in which both characters appear together. After that, Percy appeared in the short films "The Barnyard Concert" (1930), "The Chain Gang" (1930) and "Traffic Troubles" (1931), while Patricia appeared in "The Shindig" (1930), "Mickey's Revue" (1932) and "The Whoopee Party" (1932).


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: After their appearances in short films, they started appearing in comics, but the two characters did not appear again in animation until 1983, in "Mickey's Christmas Carol", briefly appearing dancing at Fezzywig's party.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: Percy appears in the video game "Kingdom Hearts III" (2018) in the minigame "Taxi Troubles" (based on "Traffic Troubles"), where he is one of the characters that Sora must pick up in his taxi.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: Felicity Fieldmouse (née Mouse) is Mickey's older sister and the mother of Mickey's twin nephews Morty and Ferdie. The character first appeared in Morty and Ferdie's 1932 comics debut: there, she looks old and is not stated to be Mickey's sister. Indeed, Mickey calls her "Mrs. Fieldmouse" as if she were an unrelated acquaintance, implying that Morty and Ferdie call Mickey "uncle" as a form of courtesy. Danish editor Egmont Publishing used the character again in seven stories published between 2000 and 2008, reimagining some aspects while refraining from declaring the old and the new character the same one. This new incarnation looks younger and is identified as Mickey's sister. She is now named Felicity, a name that was kept in the American localization of these Danish stories. In Egmont production notes her husband is named Frank Fieldmouse, though the character has never appeared in a story.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: Mortimer "Morty" and Ferdinand "Ferdie" Fieldmouse are Mickey Mouse's twin nephews. They first appeared in Floyd Gottfredson's "Mickey Mouse" Sunday page storyline titled "Mickey's Nephews" (1932). Since then they have appeared in many comic strips and comic book stories starring Mickey Mouse and Pluto. Morty and Ferdy were first shown as wearing shirts, but no pants or underpants. Pants were later added to their wardrobe.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: Ferdie disappeared from the Mickey Mouse comic strip in 1943 because Gottfredson thought the nephews were too much alike. He had plans to bring Ferdie back later as a bespectacled, intellectual, bookworm mouse with an Eton hat and coat with the explanation that he had been away at school. However, Gottfredson never got around to bringing Ferdie back and Morty remained in the strip alone. Morty was occasionally depicted with his best friend named Alvin and a sweetheart named Millie. Both were anthropomorphic dogs. Ferdie never vanished from comic book stories, however. In recent years, some of Morty and Ferdie's comic book appearances have portrayed them as (very talented) football players on the team Riverside Rovers. Their mother is depicted as a supportive "Soccer Mom." Morty & Ferdie are also occasionally pitted against their antagonists Melody, Minnie Mouse's niece and Pete's twin hellion nephews, Pierino & Pieretto. Morty should not be confused with Mickey Mouse's originally proposed name "Mortimer Mouse," or Mickey's ofttimes rival of the same name Mortimer Mouse, or Minnie's wealthy rancher Uncle Mortimer. Morty is a playable character on the PlayStation 2 game "Disney Golf".


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: In pre-World War II children's books produced by Disney, the nephews were usually called Morty and Monty. Earlier books contain three or more nephews with various names, including Maisie and Marmaduke.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: In animation, Mickey's nephews first appear in the 1933 "Mickey Mouse" film "Giantland", although the film shows Mickey with as many as 14 nephews at the same time. The following year the nephews appear again in "Gulliver Mickey". The following film, "Mickey's Steam Roller", is the first to show Mickey with only two nephews, who can be presumed to be Morty and Ferdie, although they are unnamed in the film itself. This was two years after the twins debuted in the comic strip. Morty and Ferdie also make a cameo towards the end of 1938's "Boat Builders" and appear again in 1983's "Mickey's Christmas Carol" in speaking roles, albeit at different ages as one of the twins took on the role of Tiny Tim. In 1999 they make a cameo in the two-part "Mickey Mouse Works" segment "Around the World in Eighty Days", which was used again in "Disney's House of Mouse". They also appear in the "Mickey Mouse" episode "The Scariest Story Ever: A Mickey Mouse Halloween Spooktacular!"


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: Madeline Mouse is Mickey's blonde city cousin who appeared in "Love Trouble", a strip serial that ran from April 14 to July 5, 1941. While referred to as blonde in the story itself, Madeline has also been coloured with straight yellow fur in some printings of the story.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: Melinda Mouse (original Italian name "Topolinda") is Mickey Mouse's aunt, created by Romano Scarpa in 1960 for his story "The Chirikawa Necklace". Since 2004, she has become a regular recurring character in Italian Disney comics.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: Melinda is a tall old lady with a long nose and she dresses in a very formal way. She wears a pair of earrings, but her ears are covered by hair. The colour of Melinda's hair changes according to the colourists, but in recent stories, they appear blond. In her debut story, young Melinda has black hair.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: According to "The Chirikawa Necklace", Melinda took care of Mickey when he was a baby. But one day, (taking advantage of a moment of distraction by Melinda) a young Big Bad Pete and his girlfriend Trudy Van Tubb kidnapped a baby Mickey Mouse and Melinda was forced to exchange Mickey for her Indian necklace. Years later, Mickey and his friend Atomo Beep-Beep discovered the truth and retrieved Melinda's necklace to her.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: She is a lovely and cheerful person, and deeply attached to her nephew Mickey (with whom she shares a passion for mysteries and investigations) but the memory of baby Mickey's kidnapping caused her to develop feelings of guilt, and a too protective attitude towards her nephew.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: Marcus Mouse is Minnie's father. He first appears as a farmer in the "Mickey Mouse" comic strip story line "Mr. Slicker and the Egg Robbers," first published between September 22 and December 26, 1930. He has also appeared in some English stories from 1930s Mickey Mouse Annuals.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: Millie and Melody Mouse are Minnie Mouse's twin nieces. Minnie has had an inconsistent list of nieces. In Europe and Brazil, most often a single niece is depicted, consistently named "Melodia" (Melody). She is a Disney Studio creation by Jim Fletcher in the mid-sixties whose primary "task" seems to be to drive Morty & Ferdie crazy.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: However, in at least one other Italian or Brazilian tale Minnie did have another niece named Zizi (whether this was the name of Melody's twin or just another name for Melody is unknown). In America, Minnie's twin nieces have appeared under two names: Millie and Melody and Pammy and Tammy. Although the writer of these comics is unknown, they were both drawn by Paul Murry, who rarely worked with characters that sported the same names even if they ostensibly were the same characters. In Italy, there is another set of twin nieces, Lily & Tiny, who are in their teen years. These teenage nieces have yet to appear in comics printed in the USA.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: It is reported that another name is attributed in American comics giving Minnie's single niece the name of Molly. Another set of nieces appear in an early Mickey Mouse book from the 1940s as triplets calling themselves "Dolly, Polly & Molly," while a lone niece attributed to Mickey appears in the cartoon "Gulliver Mickey" (1934) named "Maisie" (listed in "Mickey Mouse: His Life and Times" (Harper & Row, 1986)).


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: The only possible film appearance of any niece is in 1983's "Mickey's Christmas Carol," where Mickey Mouse, as Bob Cratchit, has a daughter. In this film Morty & Ferdie are said to have played Cratchit's two sons (including one as Tiny Tim), and since Melody seems to be the most consistent name used for any niece attributed to Minnie, it is probable that it was Melody who played the role of Bob Crachit's daughter.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: Millie & Melody both appear in "Minnie's Bow-Toons" on Disney Junior, and are voiced by Avalon Robbins.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: Uncle Mortimer, created by Walt Disney and Floyd Gottfredson for the comic strip, is Minnie's rancher uncle from whom she inherits an estate. He first appeared in the "Mickey Mouse in Death Valley" story line (1930). After that, he returned in several other Mickey Mouse comic strip adventures of the 1930s, in which Gottfredson gave him a markedly different appearance. He has occasionally appeared in more modern comics. He must not be confused with one of Mickey's antagonists, also called Mortimer Mouse.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: Della Duck is the younger twin sister of Donald Duck and the mother of his nephews Huey, Dewey, and Louie Duck, Della is famous for her less temperamental personality compared to Donald and adventurous spirit, and as a female adventurer. Della first appear in 1937.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: Scrooge Mcduck is Donald's wealthy uncle who is the richest duck in the world. He lives in the city of Duckburg and is of Scottish descent. Scrooge first appeared in 1947.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: Ludwig Von Drake is Donald's eccentric uncle who is a resident scientist, lecturer, and psychiatrist. He was introduced in 1961, as part of Walt Disney's NBC television special.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: Huey, Dewey, and Louie are Donald's Mischief making nephews who provokes Donald with his famous temper. They first appeared in 1937.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: April, May, and June are Daisy's niece who are the female counterparts of Donald's nephews Huey, Dewey, and Louie. They first appeared in 1952.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: Gilbert Goof is Goofy's nephew in Disney comic book appearances, and a smarter counterpart for Goofy. He was created by Bill Wright (plot and art) and first introduced in the Dell Four Color # 562 (1954). He made numerous comics appearances in the 1950s and 1960s. At one point, he became Super Goof's sidekick, calling himself "Super Gilly" ("Super Goof" #5 in "The Twister Resisters"). He has since appeared in various Italian comics stories.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: Goofy's elderly but energetic grandmother, who first appeared in a 1944 "Mickey Mouse" Sunday page. She has made various appearances in American Mickey and Goofy stories, as well as in Italian stories.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: Max is Goofy's teenage son. He is a protagonist of the "Goof Troop" TV series (1992–1993) and of the feature film "A Goofy Movie" and its sequel "An Extremely Goofy Movie". He has also made a few comics appearances, most of which were based on the TV series.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: Arizona Goof (original Italian name: "Indiana Pipps") is an archaeologist and a cousin of Goofy, being a clear parody of Indiana Jones, who appears exclusively in Italian comics. The character was created in 1988 by Bruno Sarda (plot) and Maria Luisa Uggetti (art) in the story " Topolino & Pippo in: I predatori del tempio perduto" ("Topolino" n° 1724). Arizona has a rare habit of not using beds, doors, or stairs. Instead, he sleeps in a tent, enters and exits houses through windows and climbs floors by a rope. Arizona is fond of a specific brand of liquorice candy (the brand is called "Negritas" in original Italian language version, "Tuju" in the Finnish language translation), which he never travels without and is addicted to the taste of, but which everyone else finds horrible. Arizona's car is an old jeep which he has named affectionately as Gippippa (Jeep + Pippo, Goofy's Italian name). Arizona has a rival archaeologist, Dr. Kranz, who is greedy and shameless and not above resorting to criminal behaviour. Arizona and Goofy look almost identical, which has been used as a plot device, when Goofy has masqueraded as Arizona to fool Dr. Kranz. For the readers' benefit, there is one small difference: Arizona has hairs dangling from his floppy ears, whereas Goofy's floppy ears are smooth.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: Arizona Goof received his English name in his first American comics appearance (1991). In a couple of 2005–2006 appearances, the character was renamed "Arizona Dipp". But more recent uses (Disney Digicomics, 2009–2010) have restored his traditional English name.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: Pete (also called Peg-Leg Pete or Black Pete among other names) is a large, overweight anthropomorphic cat. He is the most recurring antagonist in Mickey Mouse stories. He was first introduced in 1925 as a bear. His character ranges from a hardened criminal to an ethical menace : depending on the context, he is either Mickey's archenemy or a simple nuisance. In the earlier comic strip storyline he was paired with Sylvester Shyster before evolving into the main villain. In the "Goof Troop" TV series and subsequent film adaptations, he is depicted as Goofy's exploitative friend and neighbour.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: A mysterious enemy of Mickey Mouse who wears a body-length black sheet. Created in 1939 in Floyd Gottfredson's comic strip, the Phantom Blot became a very recurring character in European comics where he is one of Mickey's archenemies, second only to Pete. He was also reused, to a lesser extent, in American stories. An altered, monstrous version of the character, known as the "Shadow Blot", serves as the antagonist of the first "Epic Mickey" game.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: The Phantom Blot prefers being an ominous mastermind in the background, pulling strings and organising schemes, to engaging in physical criminal jobs.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: The Phantom Blot is a master of disguise. He uses disguises to fool Mickey Mouse and the police, sometimes even appearing right in front of them without being noticed. When escaping the scene, the Phantom Blot often leaves a trademark "business card" - a sheet of white paper with a black splodge of ink on it.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: Unmasked, the Phantom Blot has a gaunt face with a long nose and a long, thin moustache - not unlike Walt Disney.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: The Phantom Blot and Pete are often bitter rivals, as both want to be recognised as the city's greatest criminal mastermind, and to get the most money out of the deal. However, some stories have shown them teaming up with each other.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: He made his animated debut in the episode "All Ducks on Deck" from the TV series "DuckTales", later appearing in the series' reboot as a recurring antagonist. He also appears as an antagonist in the TV series "Mickey Mouse Works" and its spinoff "House of Mouse". He also made a cameo appearance in the episode "Sock Burglar" from the TV short series "Mickey Mouse".


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: Sylvester Shyster is a crooked lawyer and evil criminal mastermind who generally teams up with Pete. The character has been described by some as a weasel or a rat (the latter being Gottfredson's own interpretation), but his ears suggest that he is rather an anthropomorphic canine.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: He first appeared in the comic strip adventure "Mickey Mouse in Death Valley", the first real Mickey Mouse continuity, which was partially written by Walt Disney and drawn by Win Smith and other artists, before being taken over by Floyd Gottfredson (plot and art). In this story, Sylvester Shyster was a crooked lawyer who attempted, with the help of his henchman Pete, to deprive Minnie Mouse of her inheritance.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: Shyster and Pete have been causing trouble for Mickey and his friends since then. Shyster is generally depicted as the duo's brain, with Pete acting as the brawn. After Shyster's first appearance, Gottfredson made no further references to his profession as a lawyer, apart from his name. Later creators occasionally referenced Shyster's role as a lawyer, with one story ("Trial and Error," 2007) forcing Shyster to defend Mickey himself in an overseas courtroom. After 1934, Shyster disappeared for a time, leaving Pete as Mickey's main recurring antagonists. He made comebacks in 1942, 1950 and again in various 1960s Italian-created stories. More recently, publisher Egmont Creative A/S (in Denmark) revived Shyster as a regular character, a capacity in which he continues today.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: Although Sylvester Shyster has not made an animated appearance in any Disney production, he appears briefly in the episode "Who Ate Wally's Waffles?" of the series "Paradise PD" at the entrance of Disney World, being to date the only appearance in animation of the character.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: Kat Nipp (not to be confused with Harvey Comics character Katnip), his name a play on the word catnip, is a villainous anthropomorphic cat. Kat Nipp is an often-drunk countryside tough guy who is a rival of Mickey Mouse.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: Nipp made his debut in the animated short "The Opry House" (1929), in which he posed as a snake for a snake-charming act—continuing to smoke his pipe all the while. Nipp's other two appearances in animation also came in 1929, with "When the Cat's Away" and "The Karnival Kid". The latter film introduced Nipp's habit of physically abusing Mickey, here by stretching out Mickey's nose to a ridiculous length. Kat Nipp is often mistaken for Pete.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: Kat Nipp reappeared in a 1931 sequence of the Mickey Mouse newspaper comic strip (in which his friend Barnacle Bill, a sailor who is an expert in untying knots, appears). Kat Nipp was also used in the strips produced in the United Kingdom for the Mickey Mouse Annual. The character quickly faded away and has made only a handful of comics appearances since the mid-1930s.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: Kat Nipp appears in the video game "Kingdom Hearts III" (2018), appearing in the minigame "The Karnival Kid" with his appearance from the short film of the same name, among the characters who order menus from Sora.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: Mortimer Mouse – not to be confused with Minnie Mouse's uncle also named Mortimer Mouse – is introduced in the 1936 cartoon short "Mickey's Rival", as Mickey's competitor for Minnie's affections. In the comics, this Mortimer was briefly renamed Montmorency Rodent (pronounced "Ro-Dawn"), in an attempt to differentiate him from the pre-existing uncle, but the new name did not stick. Mickey's rival was once again called Mortimer in later comics – and in the animated series "Mickey Mouse Works" and "House of Mouse", where he used the catchphrase, "Ha-cha-cha!". The year "Mickey's Rival" was produced, Floyd Gottfredson also used the character as an antagonist in one of the comic strip's storylines.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: In "House of Mouse" and "Mickey Mouse Works", Mortimer as Mickey's rival is voiced by Maurice LaMarche, doing an exaggerated impersonation of Jon Lovitz. As Minnie's boss in "Mickey's Once Upon a Christmas", he was voiced by Jeff Bennett. Mortimer Mouse also appeared in a non-speaking cameo in the "Mickey Mouse Clubhouse" episode "Minnie's Birthday", sitting beneath a tree, playing a guitar. He later appeared in the "Mickey Mouse Clubhouse" episode "Super Adventure" as a villain where he intends to shrink the clubhouse. Bennett reprised his role as Mortimer in the 2018 "Mickey Mouse" short "A Pete Scorned". He also appeared in "Mickey and the Roadster Racers" as Morty McCool.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: Trudy Van Tubb is an obese anthropomorphic cat, the girlfriend of Pete, with whom she usually shares the profession of delinquent. She has a similar size and body shape to Pete, but her hair is depicted as grey or orange depending on the stories, while Pete's hair is black. Trudy is not very proficient as a criminal but she is a skilled cook and Pete enjoys her cooking.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: Trudy is very devoted to Pete and often gets jealous of Minnie Mouse and other women Pete kidnaps for ransom. When the two get caught, Trudy often gets away with a more lenient sentence because of her lesser involvement.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: Trudy was created by Romano Scarpa in 1960 for the story "The Chirikawa Necklace". She has since appeared exclusively, though very regularly, in Italian comic book stories.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: Professor Nefarious (a parody of professor Moriarty) is a villain who origins in the 1975 comic book "The Case of the Pea Soup Burglaries". He is the Sleuth's arch-enemy. A London-based criminal mastermind, Nefarious sees himself as a "teacher of crime" for his three henchmen-pupils Fliplip, Sidney and Armadillo. Their hideout is a rundown townhouse with the words "University of Criminal Sciences" written on its front door. While Nefarious is reasonably smart (although his own megalomania sometimes hinders his plans), his three accomplices are thoroughly inept comical villains. Mickey and the Sleuth imprison the gang at the end of each story, although Nefarious himself generally manages to escape. Nefarious never realizes that the Sleuth is totally clueless and that the Sleuth's assistant Mickey Mouse is the one who actually foils him.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: Eli Squinch is an evil miser who first appeared as a villain in the "Mickey Mouse" comic strip in the "Bobo the Elephant" storyline (1934) as the abusive owner of an elephant which Mickey later forced Squinch to sell him. Squinch returned in several more storylines: originally depicted as an unscrupulous businessman, he evolved into an all-out criminal, playing alongside Pete a role similar to Sylvester Shyster's in earlier strips. He has reappeared sporadically in additional Disney comics stories up to the present day. His most recent United States appearance was in "Mickey Mouse" No. 321 (2016), published by IDW.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: Doctor Vulter is an anthropomorphic ape, resembling a gorilla. The character was created by Ted Osborne (plot) and Floyd Gottfredson (plot and art) in the story "Mickey Mouse and the Pirate Submarine", published in the "Mickey Mouse" daily strip from September 1935 to January 1936. He is a megalomaniacal pirate captain and mad scientist, somewhat modeled after Jules Verne's Captain Nemo character. Using a futuristic submarine and a small army of henchmen, he plagues the seas by stealing various ships which he aims to use for his plans of world conquest. His principal weapon is a machine in the form of a large claw which gives off magnetic-like energy: by placing it against a ship's hull Vulter can turn the whole metal ship into one large magnet which sticks weapons to the wall, making them useless.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: Vulter's Germanic-sounding name, his uniform and monocle, as well as his plans of world domination and militaristic gang, are obvious echoes of the Nazi menace of the time.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: After being defeated by Mickey, Vulter never appeared again in American stories. He was later used by Italian authors, starting with the 1959 story "Topolino e il ritorno dell'artiglio magnetico" ("Mickey Mouse and the Return of the Magnetic Claw") by Guido Martina (plot) and Giulio Chierchini (art). The character was further elaborated in this story by the claim that he never drew plans of his inventions but kept it all in his mind; this proved a bit of a problem when he suffered from amnesia. He returned occasionally and is still used from time to time by European authors.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: The Rhyming Man is a villain who debuted in a comic strip storyline, "The Atombrella and the Rhyming Man" (May–October, 1948), written by Bill Walsh with art by Floyd Gottfredson. His name derives from the fact that he always talks in rhymes. A spy working for an unspecified foreign nation, the Rhyming Man tried to steal Eega Beeva's anti-atomic invention but was ultimately foiled by Mickey Mouse and Eega Beeva. An unusually dark and violent character by Disney comics standards, he was shown to actually murder one of his underlings. He was also depicted as possessing near-superhuman strength, the origin of which was never explained. Though never used again by American authors, the Rhyming Man was reused in Italian comic books first in a 1994 story where he appeared to have reformed, then in 2008 as the central antagonist of the four-part science-fiction story "Topolino e il mondo che verrà" in which he returned to his villainous roots.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: The Mad Doctor (also known as Dr. XXX) is a human mad scientist who serves as an infrequent antagonist of Mickey's. He first appeared in his self-titled short, in which he attempted to operate on Pluto by attaching his body to that of a chicken; this entire sequence turned out to be a dream.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: He appear as an antagonist in some video games, being a boss enemy in "Mickey Mania", a major antagonist in "Epic Mickey" and its sequel "Epic Mickey 2", and an enemy in a mini-game of "Kingdom Hearts III".


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: Scuttle, called Weasel or Catfoot in some stories, is the sidekick and right-hand man of Mickey Mouse's nemesis Pete. He looks up to Pete and thinks of him as the greatest criminal mastermind ever. However, Scuttle himself is not very bright and usually fails to understand Pete's plans and orders, to the latter's annoyance. Physically, Scuttle is much slimmer than the overweight Pete: he has a long face and is generally depicted with a bushy beard. Some series have shown Scuttle as being more educated than Pete in some areas. For example, one comic book story where the two were stealing art objects showed that Scuttle is an educated art critic, unlike Pete who only cares for the monetary value. Scuttle has often teamed up with another sidekick-type criminal named Dum-Dum. The two have sometimes worked together as henchmen for Pete, or on their own. Scuttle was created by artist Paul Murry and an unidentified writer in 1951. He first appeared in the comic book story "Donald Duck Captures the Range Rustlers".


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: Portis (original Italian name "Plottigat") is an anthropomorphic cat, created by Romano Scarpa in the 1977 story "Topolino e il Pippo-Lupo". He is Pete's "mad scientist" cousin. Depicted as an arrogant and megalomaniacal criminal mastermind, Portis is often Pete and Trudy's accomplice but he occasionally works on his own or with other villains such as the Phantom Blot. The character has appeared exclusively in Italian comics stories.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: Willie is a giant who appeared in the Disney cartoons "Mickey and the Beanstalk" (from the film "Fun and Fancy Free", voiced by Billy Gilbert) and "Mickey's Christmas Carol" (voiced by Will Ryan). He has also made cameo appearances in "Disney's House of Mouse" and "Mickey Mouse Clubhouse". He is incredibly powerful, demonstrating amazing magic powers such as flight, invisibility and shapeshifting. Despite this, he is portrayed as immature and dimwitted, given his fondness for toys and inability to pronounce certain words, such as "pistachio". His favorite dish is implied to be chocolate pot roast with pistachios, given his overweight appearance. In other words, he is much dumber than the original giant that he is based on from "Jack and the Beanstalk".


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: In "Mickey and the Beanstalk", Willie serves as the primary villain. In "Mickey's Christmas Carol", he is portrayed in a much more positive light, playing the role of the Ghost of Christmas Present who helps show Ebenezer Scrooge (Scrooge McDuck) the error of his ways. He makes a brief cameo in the 1988 film "Who Framed Roger Rabbit" on a poster in a movie theater in Toontown. Willie is also a minor recurring character in the "Mickey Mouse Clubhouse" children's series. Here, he is friends with Mickey. He still lives in the sky, only this time in a giant farmhouse.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: "Dangerous" Dan McBoo and Idgit (sometimes spelled "Idjit") "the Midget" are a pair of criminals created by Paul Murry in the 1966 comics story "Treasure of Oomba Loomba". The large and overweight Dangerous Dan is the brawn of the duo while the balding and diminutive Idgit is its brain. They appeared as recurring antagonists of Mickey Mouse in various comic book stories.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: Emil Eagle is a mad scientist and, as his name suggests, an anthropomorphic eagle, who first appeared in 1966 in the Donald Duck universe as a rival for Gyro Gearloose. He has since appeared alternatively in the Donald Duck and Mickey Mouse universes. In the latter universe, he is a recurring antagonist for Mickey Mouse and, in particular, for Goofy in his Super Goof incarnation, in which case Emil Eagle becomes a kind of Lex Luthor.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: Charlie Doublejoke (original Italian name "Vito Doppioscherzo") is a criminal genius with a penchant for elaborate jokes and pranks. An anthropomorphic dog, he was created in 2004 by Casty (plot) and Massimo de Vita (art) and has since been a recurring antagonist in Italian comics stories. Besides his signature laugh "Wah-wah-wah", a characteristic of his is the bowler hat that he does not only like to wear, but that also informs the shape of his transportation devices.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: In a manner similar to the Joker, Charlie Doublejoke often not only pulls pranks on Mickey and the police, but betrays his own partners in crime as well, escaping alone with the booty.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: He is so manipulative and charismatic that he managed to fool the entirety of Mouseton into thinking he was a good guy more than once, with Mickey usually being the only one skeptical of him (according to his debut story "The Magnificent Doublejoke", they were schoolmates until Charlie's habits of bullying others had gone so far that he was expelled from school).


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: The Weasels are characters that originally appeared in the segment "The Wind in the Willows" of the film "The Adventures of Ichabod and Mr. Toad" (1949), where they act as antagonists of the story by deceiving the main character by selling him a stolen car. After that, they became recurring characters in Disney animated productions related to Mickey and his friends. Usually they are presented as thin brown Weasels who wear a sweater, pants and a cap.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: A Weasel appears as a mugger in the Goofy short film "How to Be a Detective" (1952). In "Mickey's Christmas Carol" (1983), two Weasels appear as gravediggers in the graveyard, burying Ebenezer Scrooge (Scrooge McDuck), and making fun of the fact that no one has come to say goodbye to him. In "Who Framed Roger Rabbit" (1988), five Weasels partially based on those of "The Wind in the Willows", with different appearances and personalities, form the so-called "Toon Patrol", acting as the secondary antagonists of the story under the service of Judge Doom. In "The Prince and the Pauper" (1990), the Weasels appear as royal guards, acting as the secondary antagonists under the orders of the Captain of the Guard (Pete).


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: In the TV series "DuckTales", two Weasels appear as henchmen of Flintheart Glomgold in the episode "Horse Scents", and two other Weasels from Australia appear in the episode "Back Out in the Outback". In the series "Bonkers", a Weasel makes a cameo appearance in the episode "The 29th Page" as a suspect in a police lineup, while in the episode "Get Wacky", a Weasel named Wacky has a more prominent role as the main antagonist of the episode, having an appearance that more closely resembles the Weasels from "Who Framed Roger Rabbit".


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: In the series "Mickey Mouse Works" a Weasel appears in the cartoon "Mickey's Mechanical House" as a realtor selling a modern mechanical house to Mickey. The Weasels make several appearances in the series "House of Mouse". In the episode "Pete's House of Villains", after the villains began to take over the club, Pete put them to work as waiters replacing the Penguins, but they robbed customers while doing so. Some Weasels have appeared in the series with different appearances and professions, like one appearing in the episode "The Three Caballeros" working as Donald's manager, or another appearing in the episode "Rent Day" working as a salesman in a cheese shop.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: In the series "The Wonderful World of Mickey Mouse", the Weasels appear in the episode "Cheese Wranglers" as bandits working for Pete. In the series "Mickey Mouse Funhouse", a female Weasel named Wheezelene acts as a recurring antagonist, being the leader of two Weasels named Cheezel and Sneezel.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: In the video game "Mickey Mania", Weasels appear as enemies in the level based on "The Prince and the Pauper", with some throwing knives and others throwing arrows. A Weasel appears in the video game "", where after stealing Chief O'Hara's cap, Mickey must find him hiding in an alley. The Weasels act as the main antagonists in the video game "Mickey's Speedway USA", kidnapping Pluto to steal the diamond-encrusted collar he is wearing, so Mickey and his gang embark on an adventure around the world to find the Weasels and rescue Pluto, until in the game's epilogue the Weasels are arrested. In the video game "Mickey Saves the Day", several Weasels appear as Pete's henchmen in his plan to become mayor of the town, working for him as policemen or security guards.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: Chip 'n' Dale are two chipmunks who are often trouble-makers for Pluto and Donald. However, the chipmunks are often provoked, especially by Donald.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: Mickey's broken-down but loyal horse, introduced in a 1933 comic strip storyline, "Mickey Mouse and His Horse Tanglefoot". The horse character returned in two more stories and was so popular at the time that in 1934 Western Publishing released six Big Little Books related to Tanglefoot.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: Figaro the cat is Minnie's pet cat who first appeared in Disney's 2nd animated film Pinocchio. He sometimes gets along with Pluto.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: Butch the Bulldog is Pluto's nemesis. He first appeared in the film "Bone Trouble" where Pluto tried to steal his bone. Ever since then Butch has been antagonizing Pluto. Sometimes, Butch competes with Pluto for the affections of Dinah the Dachshund. At one point Butch even antagonized Figaro the Kitten. His owner never appeared in the short films, but in "Mickey Mouse Clubhouse", his true owner is confirmed to be Mickey Mouse's arch-nemesis (in this case, Pete).


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: Fifi the Peke is Minnie's "prize pooch" and Pluto's girlfriend. In one cartoon ("Pluto's Quin-puplets") Pluto and Fifi even had five puppies together. One of them was eventually named Pluto Junior. Later on, Fifi was replaced as Pluto's girlfriend by Dinah the Dachshund. Fifi disappeared from animation but she appeared in the line of merchandise called "Minnie 'n Me" as Minnie's dog. She eventually returned to animation in the "Mickey Mouse" short "You, Me and Fifi", and later appeared in "".


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: Dinah the Dachshund appears as Pluto's girlfriend although she sometimes dates Butch the Bulldog as well. She first appears in "The Sleepwalker". In "Canine Casanova", when she winds up in the dog pound, Pluto saves the day, becomes Dinah's hero and the two start dating. In other cartoons such as "In Dutch", "Pluto's Heart Throb" and "Wonder Dog", the two engage in further romance, often with Butch the Bulldog as Pluto's romantic rival.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: Dinah has more recently appeared in several cartoon shorts in the anthology series "Mickey Mouse Works" and "Disney's House of Mouse", where "Pluto's Arrow Error" shows Dinah as Butch's girlfriend first with no serious interest in Pluto.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: Louie the Mountain Lion is a mountain lion who appears as an occasional antagonist of Goofy and Donald. He is usually depicted in Donald Duck and Goofy shorts, in which he often chases after the main characters in an attempt to eat them. Unlike most Disney cartoon characters, Louie does not speak, but instead makes grunting or growling sounds representing satisfaction, disapproval, or anxiety. He is also shown to care deeply about food and is rather intelligent when it comes to planning schemes to obtain things he wants, though his attempts to execute his plans often end in comical failures. Louie's first appearance was in "Lion Around" where he attempts to eat Donald. In "Hook, Lion & Sinker", he is revealed to have a son. He also appears in "Disney's House of Mouse". Louie again encounters Donald in "Grand Canyonscope" which reveals he is at least 90 years old (having been seen in the Grand Canyon during the US Civil War), in this short he acts as an antagonist towards both Donald and J. Audubon Woodlore.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: Milton the Cat is a red ginger Siamese cat and a rival of Pluto. He often competes with Pluto for food. He made his first appearance in the short "Puss Cafe" with his pal Richard. He next appears in the short "Plutopia" where he talks in Pluto's dream. He made a final appearance in the short "Cold Turkey" (1951) fighting with Pluto for a roast turkey but both of them ended up with nothing.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: Salty the Seal is a seal who shows up in typical seal locations (the circus, the beach, the zoo, the Arctic) and annoys Pluto into chasing him, causing Pluto to get into dangerous predicaments. Salty typically saves him, leading Salty and Pluto to become best friends—until Salty's "next" appearance, when the cycle begins again. Salty's debut appeared in "Pluto's Playmate" (1942), "Rescue Dog" (1947) and the particularly famous "Mickey and the Seal" (1948). Salty's most recent appearances are in "Mickey Mouse Works" and "Mickey Mouse Clubhouse".


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: Bent-Tail the Coyote is a desert coyote and an opponent against Pluto. He always tries to get some food which Pluto is guarding (mostly livestock), but fails every time. He made his first appearance in "The Legend of Coyote Rock" trying to get at a flock of sheep. From the second short "Sheep Dog" onward he has a son who works with him. His last two starring shorts are "Pests of the West" and "Camp Dog". An older version of Bent-Tail later appeared in the "Walt Disney presents" episode "The Coyote's Lament", where he teaches his grandson (who is the offspring of Bent-Tail's son) how humans and dogs have put a coyote's life in misery. Bent-Tail and his son also appeared in several Disney comics.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: Pflip is Eega Beeva's pet "thnuckle-booh", a mixture of dog, cat, hippopotamus, unicorn, llama, rabbit, and possibly other animals as well. He has a color warning system that turns red to warn Eega of certain danger.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: Bobo is a baby elephant who has appeared as a pet of Mickey Mouse in at least two stories. He was first featured in a self-titled storyline in the Mickey Mousenewspaper comic strip. In the story, Mickey mistakenly purchases Bobo at an auction. Eli Squinch, also making his first appearance in that story, convinces Mickey that he is Bobo's rightful owner. However, Eli actually intends to use Bobo to run his sawmill to save on electricity, using a treadmill which had already killed two horses. Mickey and Horace Horsecollar stall Eli's repossession of Bobo until the baby pachyderm discovers his mother is in a visiting circus. Bobo runs away and is reunited with his mother.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: Bobo's only animated appearance was in 1936's "Mickey's Elephant". He is given to Mickey by the Rajah of Gahboon. Disney had planned to make Bobo into a recurring character, but nothing ever came of the idea. Storyboard sketches of a planned cartoon featuring Bobo, titled Spring Cleaning, were printed in the book Mickey Mouse: The Floyd Gottfredson Library – Volume 3: Showdown at Inferno Gulch. Bobo returned in the "Mickey Mouse" episode "Safari, So Good".


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: Dolores the Elephant is an Asian elephant belonging to Goofy. She debuted in the short film "Tiger Trouble" (1945), serving as a mount to Goofy during a tiger hunt. She appeared a second time in "The Big Wash" (1948), as a circus elephant that Goofy was trying to give a bath. Her third and last appearance in a short film was in "Working for Peanuts" (1953), as an elephant in a zoo from whom Chip and Dale try to steal her peanuts, and Donald, who was her caretaker, tried to stop the chipmunks.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: Beppo is a gorilla who first appeared in the short film "The Gorilla Mystery" (1930), where he escapes from the zoo and kidnaps Minnie, finally getting Mickey to rescue her and returning Beppo to the zoo. He reappeared in the short film "Mickey's Mechanical Man" (1933) as "The Kongo Killer", where he faces Champ, the mechanical man created by Mickey, in a boxing championship. His third and final appearance in a short film was in "The Pet Store" (1933), as a gorilla in a pet store, where he kidnaps Minnie in King Kong style.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: Beppo appears in the video game "Epic Mickey" (2010) fighting in a boxing ring against Champ just like in "Mickey's Mechanical Man". In the video game "Kingdom Hearts III" (2019), Beppo appears as an enemy in the "Mickey's Mechanical Man" minigame, based on in the short film of the same name.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: Donald Duck was a frequent supporting character in Mickey Mouse cartoons and comics until the 1940s. Since then, characters from the Duck universe have been making occasional appearances in Mickey Mouse stories.


title: Mickey Mouse universe

text: Ajax, sometimes called the Ajax Corporation, is a name brand which makes several appearances in Mickey Mouse stories. An early example is in "Lonesome Ghosts" (1937) where Mickey, Donald and Goofy work for Ajax Ghost Exterminators. Other examples include Ajax Locksmiths, Ajax Door Fixers, Ajax Hairbow Wear Sale and Ajax Lost and Found. The name Ajax Corporation makes many appearances in the television series "Mickey Mouse Works" and "Disney's House of Mouse". It is roughly equivalent to Warner Bros.' Acme brand. It bears no relationship to either the real-world Ajax company, a manufacturer of railroad car brake equipment, or the Ajax line of household cleaning products made and marketed by Colgate-Palmolive company, and pre-dates the introduction of Ajax cleanser by Colgate-Palmolive in 1947.