title: Ride the Cyclone

text: The American premiere took place at the Chicago Shakespeare Theater. Directed by Rachel Rockwell, the production opened on 29 September 2015, playing a limited run until 8 November. With Rockwell again directing, the show opened Off-Broadway at the Lucille Lortel Theatre with an official opening night on 30 November 2016, ending its limited run on 18 December. Taylor Louderman was initially cast in the production but withdrew during previews, citing creative differences. She was replaced by original Chicago company member Tiffany Tatreau. The cast also included Alex Wyse. Charles Isherwood of "The New York Times" praised the show, stating "this delightfully weird and just plain delightful show... will provide the kind of thrills we look for in all musical comedies, however outlandish their subject matter: an engaging and varied score, knocked out of the park by a superlative cast, and a supremely witty book."


title: Ride the Cyclone

text: The musical opens with the voice of Jane Doe singing, leading to the introduction of the musical's narrator ("Karnak's Dream of Life"). Karnak, a mechanical fortune teller automaton, introduces himself as the show's narrator ("Welcome"). Karnak tells the audience that he was formerly able to predict the exact moment of a person's death, but the carnival set him to "Family Fun Novelty Mode," meaning that he could only repeat fairground advertising ("Your lucky number is seven. You will soar to great heights. Be sure to ride the Cyclone."). Karnak reveals that he will die soon, as a rat named Virgil has been gradually chewing through the rubber of his power cable, and will soon bite down on 200 volts of electricity, instantly killing both of them. He tells the audience that a small-town choir has perished after riding a roller coaster called "the Cyclone," which malfunctioned during its run and sent them hurtling to their deaths ("The Uranium Suite"). The five teens arrive in limbo, and Karnak informs them of their demise. Each of the five teens are introduced in a manner reminiscent of video game character introductions. Karnak then announces the teens are in a literal game of life and death, where they all must compete for the chance to be returned to the world of the living. With the others realizing where they are, we are then introduced to the sixth victim, the "mystery contestant" dubbed Jane Doe by the coroner, since no family came to claim her body when it was found (Jane Doe's Entrance). Jane's entrance frightens the other choir members, but following her entrance, Karnak announces the competition will begin.


title: Ride the Cyclone

text: The first contestant is Ocean O’Connell Rosenberg, a perfectionist over-achiever dubbed the "white sheep" of her family by Karnak. After her background as a child of "far-left center humanists" is explained, Ocean tells Karnak that she "has seen enough reality TV" to know what he wants her to do. She proceeds to sing a song themed around her own self-importance and ego, comparing herself to the other teens and pointing out how they all fall short compared to her. She believes she is the only one worth bringing back to life, as she has the highest chance of succeeding in the world (What the World Needs). After her song ends, Karnak reveals that the choice of who lives will be made by group consensus.


title: Ride the Cyclone

text: The next contestant is Noel Gruber, the only gay boy in his small town who dreams of being a cold-hearted French prostitute ("Noel's Lament") but is instead stuck working at a Taco Bell. He sings about his desire to die a tragic death. After his song, Ocean is annoyed that his story did not have an overarching theme ("Every Story's Got a Lesson").


title: Ride the Cyclone

text: The third contestant is Mischa Bachinski, a Ukrainian adoptee who was adopted after his mother, dying from radiation poisoning from the Chernobyl disaster, put him up for adoption, lying about his age. When he reached Canada, his adoptive parents were expecting a sweet two-year-old but instead received a violent teenage boy with a drinking problem. He alternates between autotune-heavy gangsta rap and a Ukrainian love ballad to his online girlfriend ("This Song Is Awesome/Talia").


title: Ride the Cyclone

text: The fourth contestant is Ricky Potts, a boy who was born with an unnamed degenerative disease that left him mute. To combat this, Ricky developed complex fantasies to retreat into, particularly his own "religion," in which he is the savior of a race of sentient, anthropomorphic cats from a distant galaxy ("Space Age Bachelor Man").


title: Ride the Cyclone

text: While the teens sing about their hopes, dreams, and fantasies, Jane Doe sings about her own despair ("The Ballad of Jane Doe"). Jane's headless body was found in the wreckage, and she was assumed to be a member of the choir, though her body remained unclaimed. Her spirit has no memory of who she was and no idea what will happen to her in the afterlife. After hearing Jane's tale, the choir rallies together and holds a birthday party for her featuring a rewritten birthday song, sharing a tender moment with each other ("The New Birthday Song").


title: Ride the Cyclone

text: Finally, Constance sings of her love for her life and her town, and how all her anger and misconceptions had dropped away in the moment the roller coaster derailed ("Sugar Cloud").


title: Ride the Cyclone

text: At last, it is time for the vote, but Karnak changes the rules. He tells Ocean that she alone will get the deciding vote. Having a crisis of conscience, she refuses to vote for herself. She calls for a vote, saying that Jane is the only one who doesn't have memories to take to the afterlife with her, and the choir decides to send her back. Jane goes through the portal and Karnak reveals that she was Penny Lamb (a character in Richmond's play LEGOLAND). Whether she returns to life as Penny or starts a new life is left ambiguous. We see a quick home movie of her new life from youth to old age. Karnak shorts out, repeating "Ride the Cyclone" before the remaining teens sing an uplifting song ("It's Not a Game/It's Just a Ride") as their spirits travel to whatever comes next.


title: Ride the Cyclone

text: Cut characters from earlier versions of the show include Astrid, Ocean's Ukrainian cousin, and others, who eventually were combined into the character of Mischa.


title: Piranha 3DD

text: Piranha 3DD is a 2012 American 3D horror comedy film directed by John Gulager. A sequel to the 2010 film "Piranha 3D", it is part of the "Piranha" film series and was directed by John Gulager from a screenplay by Marcus Dunstan and Patrick Melton. It stars Danielle Panabaker, Matt Bush, David Koechner, Chris Zylka, Katrina Bowden, Gary Busey, Christopher Lloyd and David Hasselhoff. After the events on Lake Victoria, the prehistoric school of bloodthirsty piranhas transforms into a newly opened water park.


title: Piranha 3DD

text: "Piranha 3DD" was eventually released in the United Kingdom on May 11, 2012, and the United States on June 1, 2012, by Dimension Films. The film was critically panned by critics, who criticized its plot, characters, acting, the use of 3D and direction. A box office failure, it had grossed $8.5 million worldwide against a $5 million budget.


title: Piranha 3DD

text: A year after the massacre in Lake Victoria, Arizona by piranhas, an eradication campaign has left the lake uninhabitable and the town has been largely abandoned. At Cross Lake, two farmers search the waters. Piranha eggs that have been laid inside a dead cow hatch, and the farmers are killed and eaten.


title: Piranha 3DD

text: Maddy, a marine biology student, returns home for the summer to the water park she co-owns. She finds that the other owner, her stepfather Chet plans to add an adult-themed section to the waterpark that involves nudity, which Maddy disapproves of. At a party at the waterpark Maddy encounters her ex-boyfriend Kyle and Barry, Ashley, and Shelby. Shelby and her boyfriend Josh go skinny-dipping in the lake, where a piranha enters her vagina. Ashley and Travis begin to have sex in their van, but Ashley trips the handbrake, causing the van to roll into the lake. Handcuffed to the van during foreplay and unable to escape, Travis is devoured while Ashley, on the roof, calls for help. With no one around, the van sinks into the lake and she is eaten by the piranhas.


title: Piranha 3DD

text: Maddy consoles Shelby about their friends when they are attacked by a swarm of piranhas. They manage to kill one and then Maddy, Kyle, and Barry take it to marine expert, Carl Goodman, to examine. He informs them that the piranhas may be moving between lakes and that they could evolve to become terrain-viable. The trio return to the lake, where they establish that the piranhas cannot make their way into the pipes connecting the lake and the water park. While Shelby and Josh are having sex, the piranha in Shelby's vagina bites Josh's penis forcing him to chop it off. Both are hospitalized but survive. Kyle is revealed to be corrupt and taking bribes from Chet, who is pumping water from an underground river into the water park. Chet orders Kyle to keep Maddy from finding out about his plans.


title: Piranha 3DD

text: The adult water park opens. Among the guests are Deputy Fallon and former cameraman Andrew Cunningham. Fallon is there in hopes of overcoming his fear of the water after they were attacked a year ago and had lost his legs. Maddy attempts to shut the waterpark down, but is stopped by Chet and Kyle. The piranhas then make their way to the area and attack, killing many of the water park visitors. Fallon attaches a shotgun prosthesis to his legs to take out the piranhas, while David Hasselhoff rescues a young boy named David. An uncaring Chet refuses to help any survivors, including his girlfriend Kiki, who is eaten, and tries to escape with the money he got. He reluctantly offers some cash to a young girl whose mother is dead, but then accidentally reverses over her with his golf cart; he shows no regards to this however. As Chet attempts to drive off to safety, he is inexplicably decapitated by a low-hanging flag ribbon when he is distracted by a fleeing woman in a bikini.


title: Piranha 3DD

text: Maddy instructs Barry to begin draining the pools while she attempts to save those still in the water. However, while she is rescuing people, she becomes caught in the suction and is dragged down to the bottom of the pool. After Kyle refuses to save her because of his fear of piranhas and despite being unable to swim, Barry leaps down and brings her to the surface, whereupon Maddy is revived. Thankful for saving her, she shares a kiss with Barry, who reveals to have a crush on her.


title: Piranha 3DD

text: Another employee, Big Dave, pours chlorine into the pipes, followed by a lit joint. The resulting explosion kills most of the piranhas. Kyle is also killed by a falling trident. The celebrations are cut short when Maddy takes a phone call from Mr. Goodman, who informs them that the piranha left with him is evolving and is now, after escaping its tank, now being able to move on land, to which Maddy replies she knows. A lone piranha emerges from the pool and decapitates David while he tries to photograph it and the film ends with the survivors taking pictures of David's corpse on their phones.


title: Piranha 3DD

text: Following the release of "Piranha 3D", Josh Stolberg and Peter Goldfinger expressed interest in working on a third "Piranha" film, pitching their own ideas for a sequel. However, the duo was cut out from working on "Piranha 3DD" by Bob and Harvey Weinstein because their plans for the sequel were deemed too expensive, whereas the Weinsteins desired to make a low-budget sequel. Stolberg and Goldfinger ultimately got a co-producer credit in the film despite not working on it. However, an unused scene from their original "Piranha 3D" script, which had a car full of people sinking into Lake Havasu, which was cut for budgetary reasons, was repurposed and filmed for "Piranha 3DD".


title: Piranha 3DD

text: In October 2010, Dimension Films announced that they had secured John Gulager to direct the film, based on a script by "Saw 3D" scribes Patrick Melton and Marcus Dunstan. Filming was intended to take place between January 17 and February 18 in Baton Rouge, Louisiana, with a release date set for August 2011, but this became impractical because of cold weather and the requirement for most of the cast to be wearing little or no clothing. In March 2011, production on the film was delayed, and Joel Soisson was brought in to produce the film and rewrite the Dunstan-Melton script.


title: Piranha 3DD

text: Principal photography began in Wilmington, North Carolina on April 25, 2011, with parts of filming occurring at Jungle Rapids water park and Shaw-Speaks community center. Soisson stated that in choosing a shooting location he was looking for an "iconic America town" that "could be anywhere". Soisson also indicated that tax rebates and the variety of geography in North Carolina had convinced them to choose the location over the alternative of Louisiana.


title: Piranha 3DD

text: Filming was completed on May 27, 2011, after 33 days, with three weeks of filming occurring at the Jungle Rapids water park. The film was shot using 3D rigs, as opposed to converting the film to 3D in post-production. "Piranha 3DD" was cinematographer Alexandre Lehmann's first 3D film. Devin C. Lussier and Martin Bernfeld were hired to edit the film.


title: Piranha 3DD

text: The film was initially scheduled to be released on November 23, 2011, but a several month delay in the commencement of filming meant the November deadline could not be met. A month prior to the scheduled November release, the date was pushed back to an unspecified 2012 release. On March 3, 2012, it was announced that the film would be released simultaneously to theaters and through video on demand services. On March 14, it was announced that the film would be released on June 1, 2012, in the United States. The movie was released on May 11, 2012, in the UK. In the United States, it received a limited release, being shown in only 75 theaters.


title: Piranha 3DD

text: The film made a small impact during its debut weekend of release in the United Kingdom. Its box receipts during its opening weekend were just £242,889, placing it at number 8. A lower-budget film that was not a new release, "Salmon Fishing in the Yemen", reached #7, one place above "Piranha 3DD". By the end of its limited run, it garnered a total UK box office of $688,269.


title: Piranha 3DD

text: The film did not do well in North America either. It grossed $376,512 during its 3-week run. In total, "Piranha 3DD" did significantly better internationally, accumulating 95% of its $8,493,728 gross overseas, and narrowly scraping a profit.


title: Piranha 3DD

text: The film was released in the United States in a 3D Blu-ray "combo pack", Blu-ray, and DVD, with all three editions containing digital copies, on September 4, 2012. In the United Kingdom, it was released on DVD and Blu-ray 3D (with a 2D Blu-ray version included) on September 3, 2012. The film was distributed earlier to rent via Redbox. The DVD is known as Piranha DD.


title: Piranha 3DD

text: On Rotten Tomatoes, "Piranha 3DD" holds an approval rating of 13% based on 53 reviews, with an average rating of 3.30/10. The website's critical consensus states: "It strains to up the gore and self-awareness of its predecessor, and—despite some game celebrity cameos—the result is a dispiriting echo of 2010's horror-comedy." On Metacritic, it has a score of 24 out of 100 based on 13 reviews, indicating "generally unfavorable reviews".


title: Piranha 3DD

text: Leslie Felperin of "Variety" gave the film a negative review, stating, "[The movie] ups the self-parody so much that it's practically a Wayans Brothers spoof, albeit with fewer jokes." Ben Rawson-Jones gave the film a scathing review, with a rating of 1/5 stars, and was highly critical of the use of 3D and direction, despite his enjoyment of the original film.


title: Larry Mullen Jr.

text: Lawrence Joseph Mullen Jr. (; born 31 October 1961) is an Irish musician, best known as the drummer and co-founder of the rock band U2.


title: Larry Mullen Jr.

text: Mullen was born in Dublin, where he attended Mount Temple Comprehensive School. In 1976, he co-founded U2 after posting a message on the school's notice board in search of musicians. A member of the band since its inception, he has recorded 14 studio albums with U2. Mullen's distinctive, almost military drumming style developed from his playing martial beats in childhood marching bands. Mullen has worked on numerous side projects during his career. In 1990, he produced the Ireland national football team's song "Put 'Em Under Pressure" for the 1990 FIFA World Cup. In 1996, he worked with U2 bandmate Adam Clayton on a dance re-recording of the "". Mullen has sporadically acted in films, most notably in "Man on the Train" (2011) and "A Thousand Times Good Night" (2013).


title: Larry Mullen Jr.

text: Mullen has received 22 Grammy Awards and has been inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. In 2016, "Rolling Stone" ranked Mullen the 96th-greatest drummer of all time.


title: Larry Mullen Jr.

text: Lawrence Joseph Mullen Jr., the middle child and only son of Lawrence Joseph Mullen Sr. and Maureen (née Boyd) Mullen, was born on 31 October 1961 in Artane, Dublin, Ireland, and lived there, on Rosemount Avenue, until his twenties. His father was a civil servant and his mother a homemaker. He has an elder sister, Cecilia, and had a younger sister, Mary, who died in 1973. He attended the School of Music in Chatham Row to learn piano at the age of eight and then began drumming in 1971 at the age of 9, under the instruction of Irish drummer Joe Bonnie. After Bonnie's death, his daughter Monica took over for him, but Mullen gave up the lessons and started playing by himself.


title: Larry Mullen Jr.

text: Before founding U2, Mullen joined a Dublin marching band called the Artane Boys Band at the suggestion of his father. Mullen said that the band focused more on learning to read sheet music, whereas he wanted to spend more time playing the drums. He was asked by the band to cut his shoulder-length hair, and despite acquiescing and cutting a few inches off, he was asked to shorten it further. Mullen refused and quit the band after just three weeks.


title: Larry Mullen Jr.

text: Mullen used the money he had saved and with his father's help bought a drum kit, made by a Japanese toy company, which his sister Cecilia's friend was selling. He set up the kit in his bedroom and his parents allotted him certain times to practice. His father then got him into the Post Office Workers Band, which played orchestral melodies with percussion, along with marching band standards. Mullen spent approximately two years in the Post Office Workers Band, overlapping with his time in U2. He attended Scoil Colmcille, Marlborough Street, Dublin. He took the exams for Chanel College and St. Paul's, two Catholic schools his father wanted his son to attend. After the accidental death of Larry's younger sister in 1973, his father gave up the idea of pushing his son into those schools and sent Larry to Mount Temple Comprehensive School, the first interdenominational school in Ireland. His mother died in a car accident in 1976.


title: Larry Mullen Jr.

text: Mullen's father suggested that he place a notice on the Mount Temple bulletin board, saying something to the effect of "drummer seeks musicians to form band." U2 was founded on 25 September 1976 in Mullen's kitchen in Artane. Attending the first meeting were Mullen, Paul "Bono" Hewson, David "The Edge" Evans and his brother Dik, Adam Clayton, and Mullen's friends Ivan McCormick and Peter Martin. Mullen later described it as "'The Larry Mullen Band' for about ten minutes, then Bono walked in and blew any chance I had of being in charge." McCormick and Martin soon left, and the group settled on the name "Feedback" because it was one of the few technical terms they knew. The band later changed their name to "The Hype", and again to "U2" for a 1978 talent contest in Limerick, Ireland, that they entered and won as a four-piece. Days after the competition, the band's reduction to a four-piece lineup became permanent after they parted ways with Dik.


title: Larry Mullen Jr.

text: Mullen left school in 1978, having taken his Intermediate Certificate exams. The school offered him the chance to complete his Leaving Certificate exams. He and his sister Cecilia worked for an American company in Dublin, involved in oil exploration off the coast of Ireland. Mullen worked there for a year in the purchasing department, with the prospect of becoming a computer programmer in their geology section.


title: Larry Mullen Jr.

text: During the recording of the album "Pop" in 1996, Mullen suffered from severe back problems. Recording was delayed due to surgery. When he left the hospital, he arrived back in the studio to find the rest of the band experimenting more than ever with electronic drum machines, something driven largely by the Edge's interest in dance and hip-hop music, and, given his weakness after the operation, he relented, allowing The Edge to continue using drum machines, which contributed heavily to the album's electronic feel.


title: Larry Mullen Jr.

text: Mullen has worked on many musical projects outside of U2 in his career, including collaborations with Maria McKee. Mullen contributed to U2 producer Daniel Lanois's 1989 album "Acadie". In 1990, Mullen co-wrote and arranged an official Irish national football team song "Put 'Em Under Pressure" for the FIFA World Cup. He and Clayton collaborated with Mike Mills and Michael Stipe from R.E.M. to form the one-performance group Automatic Baby, solely for the purpose of performing "One" for MTV's 1993 inauguration ball for US President Bill Clinton; the group's name refers to the titles of both latest bands' albums at the time, "Achtung Baby" and "Automatic for the People". For Nanci Griffith's 1994 album "Flyer", he and Clayton performed in the rhythm section on several songs, while Mullen also mixed three songs. Mullen played drums on many of the songs on Emmylou Harris' 1995 album "Wrecking Ball".


title: Larry Mullen Jr.

text: Mullen and Clayton contributed to the soundtrack to the 1996 movie "", which included recording the , whose time signature was changed from the original time signature to an easier and more danceable time signature. The "Theme from Mission: Impossible" reached number 8 on the U.S. "Billboard" Hot 100, and was nominated for the Grammy Award for Best Pop Instrumental Performance (Orchestra, Group or Soloist) in 1997.


title: Larry Mullen Jr.

text: Mullen performed on Underworld's song "Boy, Boy, Boy" from their 2007 album, "Oblivion with Bells". In 2017, he appeared on Alice Cooper's album "Paranormal".


title: Larry Mullen Jr.

text: Mullen has played synthesiser or keyboards on several songs, including "United Colours" from Passengers' 1995 album "Original Soundtracks 1", an album that Mullen has always disliked.


title: Larry Mullen Jr.

text: Mullen's drumming style is influenced by his experience in marching bands during his adolescence, which helped contribute to the militaristic beats of songs such as "Sunday Bloody Sunday". Author Bill Flanagan said that he plays "with a martial rigidity but uses his kit in a way a properly trained drummer would not"; he tends to transition from the snare drum onto tom-toms positioned on either side of him, contrasting with how they are traditionally used. Mullen occasionally rides a tom-tom the way other drummers would play a cymbal, or rides the hi-hat how others would play a snare. He admitted his bass drum technique is not a strength, as he mostly played the snare in marching bands and did not learn to properly combine the separate elements together on a full kit. As a result, he uses a floor tom to his left to create the effect of a bass drum, an arrangement he began to use while recording "Pride (In the Name of Love)" in 1984 at the influence of producer Daniel Lanois. He said, "I couldn't do what most people would consider a normal beat for the song, so I chose alternatives." Flanagan said that his playing style perfectly reflects his personality: "Larry is right on top of the beat, a bit ahead—as you'd expect from a man who's so ordered and punctual in his life.


title: Larry Mullen Jr.

text: Mullen was heavily influenced by glam rock acts of the 1970s when first learning to play drums. In the early days of U2, he had what Bono called a "florid" drumming style, before he eventually adopted a philosophy of simplicity and pared down his rhythms. His drumming leaves open space, owing to what "Modern Drummer" described as his understanding of "when to hit and when not to hit". As he matured as a timekeeper, he developed a preternatural sense of rhythm; Eno recounted one occasion when Mullen noticed that his click track had been set incorrectly by just six milliseconds. Under the tutelage of Lanois, Mullen learned more about his musical role as the drummer in filling out the band's sound, while producer Flood helped Mullen learn to play along with electronic elements such as drum machines and samples. His kit has a tambourine mounted on a cymbal stand, which he uses as an accent on certain beats for songs such as "With or Without You".


title: Larry Mullen Jr.

text: Mullen has had tendinitis problems throughout his career. As a means to reduce inflammation and pain, he began to use specially designed Pro-Mark drumsticks. He uses Yamaha drums and Paiste cymbals. Although he occasionally plays keyboards and synthesiser in concerts, Mullen rarely sings during performances. He contributed backing vocals to the songs "Numb", "Get On Your Boots", "Moment of Surrender", "Elevation", "Miracle Drug", "Love and Peace or Else", "Unknown Caller", "Zoo Station" and "Daddy's Gonna Pay for Your Crashed Car" (only during Zoo TV Tour), and others. He occasionally performed a cover version of "Dirty Old Town" on the Zoo TV Tour. During live performances of "I'll Go Crazy If I Don't Go Crazy Tonight" on the U2 360° Tour, Mullen walked around the stage, playing a large djembe strapped around his waist.


title: Larry Mullen Jr.

text: Mullen's film debut was in a film by Phil Joanou called "Entropy" where he played himself alongside bandmate Bono. He played a thief in "Man on the Train" (2011), which starred Donald Sutherland. Mullen also appeared in "A Thousand Times Goodnight" (2013), starring Juliette Binoche. On 3 September 2013, the film won Special Grand Prix of the Jury at Montreal World Film Festival.


title: Larry Mullen Jr.

text: Mullen met his partner, Ann Acheson, in their first year at Mount Temple Comprehensive School. The two have been together for over 40 years and they have three children. He is a first cousin of Irish actor Conor Mullen.


title: Larry Mullen Jr.

text: As U2 became increasingly successful, Larry Mullen had to add the suffix "Junior" to his surname to avoid confusion with his father, who was receiving large tax bills meant for his son.


title: Larry Mullen Jr.

text: In 1995, Mullen had surgery on his back because he had been carrying an injury since The Joshua Tree tour. He and Clayton own houses near Bono and The Edge in Southern France to make it easier to record with U2 in the south of France.


title: Larry Mullen Jr.

text: Mullen and U2 have won more than 60 awards, including 22 Grammy Awards. At the Grammy Awards, the band has won Best Rock Duo or Group with Vocal seven times, Album of the Year twice, Record of the Year twice, Song of the Year twice, and Best Rock Album twice. In March 2005, Mullen was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as a member of U2, in their first year of eligibility. In 2016, "Rolling Stone" ranked Mullen the 96th-greatest drummer of all time. He was placed at number 21 on "Stylus Magazine"s list of the 50 Greatest Rock Drummers. In 2017, Yamaha honoured Mullen with an award for Lifetime Achievement in Musical Excellence.


title: Travis Van Winkle

text: Travis Scott Van Winkle (born November 4, 1982) is an American actor, best known for starring in the feature film "Accepted" (2006) and the 2021 third season of the Netflix streaming television series "You", portraying Trent Sutton-DeMarco in "Transformers" (2007), "Friday the 13th" (2009) and Lieutenant Danny Green in "The Last Ship" (2014–2018).


title: Travis Van Winkle

text: Van Winkle was born in Victorville, California, the middle of three children of Sally (née Fitzgerald) and Charles Van Winkle. When he was two years old, his family moved to Oscoda, Michigan. When he was eight, his family moved again to Peachtree City, Georgia, where he graduated from McIntosh High School and attended the University of West Georgia but did not graduate, leaving at age 20 to pursue his acting endeavors in Hollywood.


title: Travis Van Winkle

text: Van Winkle made his television debut in a December 2004 episode of the Fox sitcom "Quintuplets", and has since appeared in shows such as "That's So Raven", "Malcolm in the Middle", "The O.C.", and "7th Heaven". His film credits include one of the leads in Fox's "Meet the Spartans", David R. Ellis's film "Asylum", Universal's "Accepted" and Michael Bay's "Transformers". While he has modeled for Abercrombie & Fitch shot by Bruce Weber, Van Winkle appeared in New Line/Paramount's 2009 reboot of "Friday the 13th" (another Bay production) as Trent Sutton-DeMarco, the character he previously portrayed in "Transformers". He also appeared in Julianne Hough's 2008 music video for "That Song in My Head".


title: Travis Van Winkle

text: In 2011, Van Winkle starred in the suspense thriller film "247°F" co-starring Scout Taylor-Compton. In 2012, he starred in the independent comedy "Last Call". He also appeared in the thriller "Bloodwork," co-starring Tricia Helfer.


title: Travis Van Winkle

text: In 2011 and 2012, Van Winkle made guest appearances in television series such as "Happy Endings", "2 Broke Girls", and "Two and a Half Men". In October 2012, he was cast as Lieutenant Daniel Joshua "Danny" Green, leader of the Naval Mountain Warfare Special Forces Unit aboard the "Nathan James," in the TNT action drama pilot "The Last Ship", also executively produced by Bay. The series premiered on TNT on 22 June 2014. In December 2012, he was cast in a recurring role as Jonah on the second season of The CW's series "Hart of Dixie".


title: Travis Van Winkle

text: In 2014, Van Winkle starred in the comedy film "Mantervention". He also guest starred in an episode of "Scorpion". In 2015, he starred in the PixL original movie "Bound & Babysitting" alongside Tammin Sursok.


title: Travis Van Winkle

text: In 2017, Van Winkle starred as Scott Hays in Hallmark channel original movie "Christmas Getaway" alongside Bridget Regan.


title: Travis Van Winkle

text: In October 2020, Van Winkle was cast in the main role of Cary Conrad on the third season of the Netflix thriller series "You".


title: Travis Van Winkle

text: In 2022, it was announced that he will be appearing in the upcoming Amazon Prime Video remake of the 1989 "Road House" film, which stars Jake Gyllenhaal.


title: Canada's Wonderland

text: Canada's Wonderland, formerly known as Paramount Canada's Wonderland, is a amusement park located in Vaughan, Ontario, a municipality within the Greater Toronto Area. Opened in 1981 by the Taft Broadcasting Company and the Great-West Life Assurance Company, it was the first major theme park in Canada and remains the country's largest. Cedar Fair purchased the park from Paramount Parks in 2006, and in 2019, it was the most-visited, seasonal amusement park in North America with an estimated 3.9 million guests.


title: Canada's Wonderland

text: Canada's Wonderland normally operates from May to Labour Day, and then on weekends until late October or early November. Special events are held throughout the season, including Halloween Haunt and various festivals such as Celebration Canada, a month-long Canada Day festival. Beginning in 2019, the park also hosts WinterFest, a holiday-themed event that extends the park's operating season to late December or early January.


title: Canada's Wonderland

text: With seventeen roller coasters, Canada's Wonderland is ranked second in the world along with Poland's Energylandia, and behind Six Flags Magic Mountain in California, which has twenty. of the land houses a water park named Splash Works.


title: Canada's Wonderland

text: When Canada's Wonderland was planned, the Greater Toronto Area lacked a seasonal amusement park. Toronto had previously hosted three amusement parks that had roller coasters. Sunnyside Amusement Park closed in the 1950s to make room for the Gardiner Expressway. The Scarboro Beach and Hanlan's Point amusement parks both closed in the 1920s.


title: Canada's Wonderland

text: In 1972, the Taft Broadcasting Company, headed by Kelly Robinson, first proposed building a theme park in the then small village of Maple, part of Vaughan, Ontario. Several other possible locations in Ontario were considered, including Niagara Falls, Cambridge, and Milton, but Maple was finally selected because of its proximity to the City of Toronto and the 400-series of highways.


title: Canada's Wonderland

text: Others had seriously considered the Greater Toronto Area as a spot to build a theme park, among them the Conklin family (whose Conklin Shows ran various midways around North America, including Toronto's Canadian National Exhibition midway). Walt Disney also considered the idea before choosing Florida for the Walt Disney World Resort, rejecting Toronto mainly because of the city's seasonal climate, which would make the operating season too short to be profitable.


title: Canada's Wonderland

text: Construction of the park was opposed on multiple fronts. Many cultural institutions in Torontosuch as Ontario Place, the Royal Ontario Museum, and the operators of the Canadian National Exhibitionfelt that the Toronto market was not large enough to support more competition. Other groups that fought the building of Wonderland included a Vaughan residential association called SAVE, which thought the increased traffic would reduce property values. People in the region were concerned that the new park would be similar in aesthetics to a carnival or midway. Some of the concessions the company made included a landscaped berm around the park to reduce noise and modifying the appearance of the large parking lot. Taft Broadcasting was concerned about opposition and flew a group of opponents and regional councillors to Mason, Ohio (near Cincinnati) to show them the positive impact of one of its theme parks on the local community.


title: Canada's Wonderland

text: Canada's Wonderland was also responsible for changing the master development plan for the province of Ontario. The provincial government wanted to increase residential and commercial development to the east of Toronto in the Regional Municipality of Durham, which includes Pickering and Oshawa, while keeping the lands to the north of Toronto agricultural, as a Greenbelt. The Wonderland promoters were able to convince the province to amend the planning policy for the region, and the park secured infrastructure improvements, including a highway overpass and sewage systems, that were expanded and built out to the site. This infrastructure paved the way for increased development throughout the region.


title: Canada's Wonderland

text: Concerns were also raised about the cultural implications of allowing an American theme park to open in Canada. Many felt that it would be a "Trojan Horse" for American culture. To counter the criticism, Taft planned to open Frontier Canada, a part of the park devoted to Canada's history. Early park maps show the area encompassing what is now Splash Works, White Water Canyon, the Action Theatre and the southern part of Kidzville. Taft also proposed including a steam passenger train. While Frontier Canada was not brought up as an idea until 2019, several original themes remain in the area. Unlike its sister parks, Kings Island and Kings Dominion, it was decided early that the centrepiece of the park would not be a replica of Paris's famous Eiffel Tower. Instead, the park's designers chose to build a massive mountain, known as Wonder Mountain, situated at the top of International Street. Wonder Mountain featured a huge waterfall and interior pathways that led visitors to a look-out point. The interior pathways have been closed since and have remained closed. Hyatt House and Hyatt Place Vaughan at Canada's Wonderland, a hotel, was being built during the first half of 2019 and set to open in late 2020, though the COVID-19 pandemic delayed its opening to mid-2021, but is in limbo.


title: Canada's Wonderland

text: On 13 June 1979, Ontario Premier Bill Davis depressed the plunger on an electronic detonating device at St. Lawrence Hall in downtown Toronto, triggering an explosion on the site. Construction began immediately and continued on to early 1981. Canadian companies were partners on the preliminary design and engineering of the project. Construction of the mountain alone involved a dozen local companies under Cincinnati engineer Curtis D. Summers.


title: Canada's Wonderland

text: Two years later on 23 May 1981, Davis and Taft Broadcasting President Dudley S. Taft Sr. officially opened Canada's Wonderland to the public. The spectacular opening ceremony included 10,000 helium balloons, 13 parachutists, 350 white doves, and a pipe band. Four children, representing the Arctic, Pacific, Atlantic, and Great Lakes regions of Canada, each poured a vial of water from their home regions into the park's fountain. Hockey superstar Wayne Gretzky also appeared as a special guest, helping to raise the Canadian flag. 12,000 guests were welcomed into the park for the first time. The park cost $120 million ($ million in dollars) to build.


title: Canada's Wonderland

text: During the 1980s, Canada's Wonderland and the Loblaws supermarket chain mounted a cross-marketing campaign. Loblaws issued "Wonder dollars" based on customers' purchases, which were redeemable at Canada's Wonderland at par with the Canadian dollar on weekdays. The obverse of the coin featured Wonder Mountain, while the reverse featured the Loblaws logo.


title: Canada's Wonderland

text: Kings Entertainment Company operated the park during the 1980s and early 1990s. The park's former connection to Hanna-Barbera Productions lessened after Paramount Pictures raised its stake from 20 percent to full ownership of the park in 1993 and renamed it Paramount Canada's Wonderland. After Viacom bought Paramount in 1994, a successful attempt was made to bring families back to the park by attracting children with original Nickelodeon cartoon characters that were familiar to a new generation.


title: Canada's Wonderland

text: Many changes occurred in the next decade. In 1996, Splash Works expanded, with a new water slide, a wave pool and a new child-friendly water playground (The Black Hole, White Water Bay and The Pump House). In 1998, the park expanded by adding KidZville, which was mainly designed for infants and children. In 1999, Splash Works expanded for the second time, with the addition of raft rides: The Plunge and Super Soaker.


title: Canada's Wonderland

text: In 2001, a new themed area called Zoom Zone was added within the KidZville section. Three new attractions were built in that area: Silver Streak (a family roller coaster), Blast Off (a "frog hopper"), and Jumpin' Jet. In 2002, the park unveiled Action Zone, a new themed area replacing the Exposition of 1890, which at the time contained already existing rides and added the Psyclone ride.


title: Canada's Wonderland

text: Splash Works also received its third and most current upgrade, with the addition of a child water playground area called Splash Island and the removal of Pipeline.


title: Canada's Wonderland

text: On 11 May 2003, with the park packed with people for Mother's Day, two guests were involved in a fight at the front gates of the park, which led to a shooting death. It was thought to have followed a prior dispute involving the two over a drug exchange, according to York Regional Police. The park has since added metal detectors at the front gate, with additional security.


title: Canada's Wonderland

text: In 2005, the park introduced Fearfest, a Halloween event featuring various haunted house attractions in different themed areas. Though the section for smaller children was closed off, the park continued running many of the thrill rides during the event, such as the Thunder Run, in which patrons ride a mining type train through a mountain. During the Halloween season, it is re-themed as the "Haunted" Thunder Run, with a darker tunnel and more strobe lights, fog machines, and black-light lit scenes featuring the "skeletons" of miners.


title: Canada's Wonderland

text: In 2006, the park introduced Spooktacular, a child-oriented Halloween event. The event included children's rides, costume contests and a treasure hunt. Spooktacular was open on weekends during the daytime, while Fearfest remained open at night. Fearfest got renamed to Halloween Haunt and Spooktacular to Camp Spooky.


title: Canada's Wonderland

text: On 14 May 2006, Cedar Fair announced it was interested in acquiring the five Paramount theme parks from CBS Corporation (successor of the original Viacom), including Canada's Wonderland. CBS stated that amusement parks did not fit the company's new strategy. The acquisition was completed on 30 June 2006.


title: Canada's Wonderland

text: After the sale, Cedar Fair began to drop the name "Paramount" from all of the former Paramount properties it acquired, as a result, the park has reverted to its original name of "Canada's Wonderland" in January 2007. The 2007 season was a transition year throughout the park and included renaming the movie-themed rides since Cedar Fair did not hold the rights to Paramount film properties. By the start of the 2008 season, all Paramount logos and similar references had been removed. In August 2007, Cedar Fair announced that Fearfest would become Halloween Haunt to remain consistent with most other Cedar Fair parks, and that Spooktacular would become Camp Spooky. The park extended its regular operating season until the last weekend in October. Halloween Haunt runs in the late evenings on October weekends.


title: Canada's Wonderland

text: On May 4, 2008, Canada's Wonderland opened a Bolliger & Mabillard hypercoaster called Behemoth, which held the record for the tallest and fastest roller coaster in Canada at the time of its opening, standing at and reaching speeds of .


title: Canada's Wonderland

text: On July 19, 2009, stunt performer Nik Wallenda walked on a tight rope from the pond area of Medieval Faire to Wonder Mountain.


title: Canada's Wonderland

text: For the 2010 season, Planet Snoopy opened to the public, which was a retheme of both "The Happy Land of Hanna-Barbera" & "Nickelodeon Central" areas of the park to align Canada's Wonderland with the rest of the Cedar Fair chain. The area consisted of a retheme of all of the rides and facilities of both areas into one cohesive section themed to the Peanuts comics (both Ghoster Coaster & Swan Lake remained unchanged following the change), along with the addition of three new rides for children and families from Zamperla; Lucy's Tugboat, PEANUTS 500, & Snoopy's Revolution.


title: Canada's Wonderland

text: In 2011, Canada's Wonderland opened WindSeeker, a tower-swing ride, making it the tallest ride in the park until "Leviathan" opened in 2012. The park also announced the addition of the Starlight Spectacular show, which started on 25 June 2011 and ended on Labour Day, 3 September 2011. It was a nightly 'light and sound show' designed to celebrate the park's 30th anniversary; it was shown at 10 pm EST every night on International Street. Canada's Wonderland stated that the total cost for the show was approximately $1 million, with 16 million different colours and 300,000 LED lights. While the show took place at the front of the park (International Street), the highlight was on Wonder Mountain, with many 3D images and colours.


title: Canada's Wonderland

text: In 2012, Leviathan, a Bolliger & Mabillard Hypercoaster (also classified as a giga coaster), opened, surpassing the Canadian records set by Behemoth in 2008, becoming the tallest and fastest roller coaster in Canada. Norm Pirtovshek, general manager of Canada's Wonderland, said that the Leviathan as a new attraction would help to spread out visitors. It was also described as part of a "roller coaster renaissance" where theme parks distinguished itself by introducing bigger and faster rides to attract guests. In addition to Leviathan, Canada's Wonderland also opened the Dinosaurs Alive! walk-through dinosaur exhibit, which was located in "Planet Snoopy".


title: Canada's Wonderland

text: On 27 May 2012, for the first time in the park's history, Canada's Wonderland in partnership with the Ahmadiyya Muslim Youth Association hosted the Run For Vaughan, a one-kilometre, 5-kilometre, and 10-kilometre run to raise money for the planned Cortellucci Vaughan Hospital (then known as Mackenzie Vaughan Hospital) that will be built on land once owned by Canada's Wonderland north of Major Mackenzie Drive.


title: Canada's Wonderland

text: On 30 August 2013, Canada's Wonderland announced that Wonder Mountain's Guardian would open inside Wonder Mountain in May 2014. The attraction is a 4-D interactive dark ride/ roller coaster with animations from Montreal-based Triotech. Park management also announced that SkyRider would close Labour Day, 2014.


title: Canada's Wonderland

text: In October 2014, a man was fatally stabbed at Halloween Haunt. SkyRider was removed at the end of the 2014 season and relocated to Cavallino Matto in Tuscany, Italy, as Freestyle in 2015.


title: Canada's Wonderland

text: For the 2015 season, Splash Works opened two new attractions, which marked the first expansion to the waterpark since 2002. Both attractions were relocated from Ontario Place, however they never opened in their original locations and were sent to Splash Works. Typhoon is a set of two partially enclosed tube slides with funnels, and was formerly known as "Topsy Turvy". Splash Station is an interactive children's play structure similar to the adjacent Pump House, featuring two slides, numerous water features, and a tipping bucket. Though not announced prior to its opening, SlingShot also for the 2015 season in the dry park. This upcharge attraction catapults riders nearly 91.5 m (300 ft) in the air, and reaches speeds approaching 100 km/h (60 mph).


title: Canada's Wonderland

text: Near the close of the 2015 season, Canada's Wonderland announced that two new flat rides would be added in 2016: Skyhawk (a Gerstlauer Sky Roller) and Flying Eagles (a Larson International Flying Scooters). Cedar Fair CEO Matt Ouimett also confirmed in December 2015 that virtual reality (VR) headsets would be added to Thunder Run in 2016. Available to riders for an additional upcharge fee, the experience is co-developed with Mack Rides, a German amusement ride company. The VR headgear is a type of head-mounted display that animates the entire field of vision to produce a 360-degree 3D experience.


title: Canada's Wonderland

text: On 26 August 2016, Canada's Wonderland announced that a new flat ride would be added in the 2017 season: Soaring Timbers (a Mondial Inferno). The ride is stated to be the first of its kind in North America. The park also announced a Splash Works expansion for 2017 in the form of Muskoka Plunge, a tall waterslide complex featuring four "trap-door" speed slides.


title: Canada's Wonderland

text: On 16 August 2017, Canada's Wonderland announced the addition of Flying Canoes for the 2018 season. Flying Canoes is an interactive family ride that allows riders to control their journey of flight in two-person canoes that rotate speedily around a circuit. They also announced the addition of Lumberjack for 2018. Lumberjack is a thrill ride that takes guests to heights of on two swinging axe-themed pendulums, propelling them into a looping 360-degree experience. In addition to these two attractions, the park announced an expansion to the Splash Island pool (located in Splash Works), which doubled the size of the pool and included new interactive water features and children's slides, along with shaded seating areas for families to relax. The area was renamed to Lakeside Lagoon following these upgrades.


title: Canada's Wonderland

text: On 15 August 2018, Canada's Wonderland announced Yukon Striker, a B&M Dive Coaster which opened to the public on 3 May 2019. The ride features a drop into an underwater tunnel in the centre of the Vortex helix, which has a top speed of 130 km/h. Upon opening, the ride became the tallest, fastest, and longest dive coaster in the world and features four inversions, more than any other dive coaster, including the first vertical loop on a Dive Coaster. They also announced the opening of Frontier Canada, a gold-rush-themed attraction area that includes Yukon Striker, Mighty Canadian Minebuster, Lumberjack, Soaring Timbers, Flying Canoes, Vortex, Timberwolf Falls and White Water Canyon. Canada's Wonderland also announced Winterfest, an immersive holiday-themed event. In addition, Wonderland announced that "Dinosaurs Alive!" would be closing on 28 October 2018.


title: Canada's Wonderland

text: On 4 February 2019, the park announced that Orbiter would not be opening for the 2019 season. Since the announcement, the attraction has been removed from the park and the area surrounding it was replaced with a pathway connecting Action Zone and Frontier Canada.


title: Canada's Wonderland

text: On 14 August 2019, Canada's Wonderland announced the addition of two new attractions for the 2020 season. The first, Beagle Brigade Airfield, is a new children's ride located in Planet Snoopy. The attraction is mostly identical to the version at sister park Worlds of Fun in Kansas City, Missouri, which share the same name, but Wonderland's version is partially covered. In addition, the park announced Mountain Bay Cliffs for Splash Works, which is a cliff-jumping style attraction featuring multiple platforms of varying heights, the highest of which is . Both of these attractions opened in 2021.


title: Canada's Wonderland

text: On 22 November 2019, WinterFest debuted at Canada's Wonderland. WinterFest is a holiday event. During WinterFest, five million energy-efficient LED lights were strung on 800 trees, the buildings, the décor, and on Wonder Mountain. On International Street, the lake had been frozen into a skating rink called Snow Flake Lake. There were eight themed areas.


title: Canada's Wonderland

text: On 16 June 2022, Canada's Wonderland announced Lazy Bear Lodge (marketed as "Lazy Bear Lodge: Wood Fire Grille"), which became the park's largest dining facility to date. The restaurant is located on the hillside beside Vortex's first drop, overlooking Yukon Striker and the rest of Frontier Canada, and features seating for over 500, an indoor and outdoor bar, two floors, a multi-level outdoor patio, and numerous fire pits for guests to relax by. The menu is a Canadian-inspired rustic-grill BBQ, featuring local ingredients and two meat smokers. The restaurant opened to the public on 17 September 2022, with the indoor bar opening a week prior.


title: Canada's Wonderland

text: On 11 August 2022, Canada's Wonderland announced two new additions for the 2023 season. Tundra Twister: a first-of-its-kind flat ride from Mondial that will be placed in Frontier Canada next to Yukon Striker's zero-g winder inversion. The ride will feature rotating gondola arms that freely rotate, while the ride's base will spin 360 degrees at heights of 47 metres (154 Feet) and speeds of 75 km/h (around 47 mph). In addition, Snoopy's Racing Railway, the park's 18th roller coaster, will make its debut in Planet Snoopy. Manufactured by "ART Engineering", Snoopy's Racing Railway will be a family launch coaster, accelerating guests to 50 km/h (around 31 mph) and featuring various twists and small drops.


title: Canada's Wonderland

text: Restrictions placed by the Government of Ontario to combat the COVID-19 pandemic resulted in the park remaining closed for the 2020 season. This also led to the cancellations of that season's Halloween Haunt and Winterfest events. Wonderland posted a series of four horror vignettes Oct 30th 2020 titled Nighttime Walk to celebrate Haunt featuring the empty park. The park attempted to reopen in May 2021, but it was postponed to July of the same year. An online reservation system was required for guests to book the date and time of their visit during the shortened 2021 season. As a result, 2020 and 2021 season passes were extended to partially include the 2022 season and refunds were not officially offered. Both Beagle Brigade Airfield and Mountain Bay Cliffs had their opening years pushed back to the 2021 season.


title: Canada's Wonderland

text: Also due to the pandemic, the 2020 and 2021 editions of Toronto's original Santa Claus Parade – normally held on the streets in Downtown Toronto in previous years – was pre-recorded from Canada's Wonderland with no spectators on site and was broadcast on Eastern Standard Time's prime time on 5 December 2020 and 4 December 2021, respectively. From 29 March 2021 until summer 2021, Canada's Wonderland served as a drive-in mass COVID-19 vaccination site.


title: Canada's Wonderland

text: Canada's Wonderland is situated in Maple, a neighbourhood of Vaughan, Ontario. The park is east of Highway 400 between Rutherford Road (Exit 33) and Major Mackenzie Drive (Exit 35), north of Highway 401, north of Highway 407 and south of Barrie. It is bounded by Highway 400 to the west, Jane Street to the east, Major Mackenzie Drive to the north and an access road approximately north of Rutherford Road to the south. When the park originally opened, its surroundings were largely rural; however, the suburban sprawl since the mid-2000s has resulted in it being surrounded by housing and shopping plazas on all sides.


title: Canada's Wonderland

text: Canada's Wonderland is located north of Vaughan Mills and north of Vaughan Metropolitan Centre station of Line 1 Yonge–University of the Toronto subway system. Prior to the opening of the subway station in December 2017, it was served by the 165 Weston Road North bus operating from York Mills station. The park has two public entrances and one entrance for staff, deliveries, and buses. On the north side of the park, there is a small bus terminal, which serves a seasonal bus route operated by York Region Transit. A new, larger bus terminal is currently under construction that is intended for year-round use.


title: Canada's Wonderland

text: The park has several themed areas. The five original sections include International Street, Medieval Faire, Grande World Exposition of 1890 (renamed Action Zone; Grande World Exposition of 1890 returned in 2019 by renaming a portion of Action Zone), International Festival, and the Happyland of Hanna-Barbera (divided into more than one children's area since 1998). The current areas include the original sections stated above, Splash Works (1992)Action Zone (2002), and two children's areas: Kidzville (1998), and Planet Snoopy (2010). In 2019, the park introduced a new themed area, "Frontier Canada", a gold-rush themed section originally planned for the park's original opening in 1981, but was postponed until 2019 due to financial issues.


title: Canada's Wonderland

text: Action Zone was created as a subsection within the Grande World Exposition of 1890 section of the park in 2002. However, the entire Grande Exposition section was renamed Action Zone in 2009. In 2019, the park split Action Zone into two sections, with its eastern portion of Action Zone reverting its theme and name to The Grande Exposition of 1890.


title: Canada's Wonderland

text: Frontier Canada is the newest themed section of the park, debuting for the 2019 season. The section consolidates most of the park's Canadian themed rides; as well as an area of the park formerly known as White Water Canyon, which operated from 1984 to 2018. The area is themed after a boom town found during the time of the Klondike Gold Rush, with most of its inspiration coming from Dawson City, Yukon, and its surrounding area.


title: Canada's Wonderland

text: The Grande World Exposition of 1890 is one of the original four themed areas of Wonderland. It was made to resemble a late 19th century world's fair with expositions from different countries with a particular focus on African and Asian themes. The restaurants and washrooms were formerly true to the exposition theme. One of the restaurants was called Ginza Gardens (now The Backlot Cafe) and had a Japanese theme and a Japanese façade. There is also an arcade area (Crystal Palace Arcade) within this section of the park.


title: Canada's Wonderland

text: In 2009, the entire Grande Exposition section was incorporated in Action Zone, an area of the park that formerly operated as a themed subsection of the Grande Exposition. The section operated as a part of Action Zone until 2019, when the eastern portion of Action Zone reverted to its original name and world fair theming.


title: Canada's Wonderland

text: International Festival is located in the northeast section of the park. It includes rides, midway games and a mild Alpen theme.


title: Canada's Wonderland

text: International Street is the park's entry area, similar to the Main Street, U.S.A. sections of Walt Disney Parks and Resorts. Using a format borrowed from sister parks Kings Island and Kings Dominion, both sides of the street are lined with shops, including souvenir shops, clothing stores, restaurants, and candy stores. Unlike the use of replica Eiffel Towers at Kings Island and Kings Dominion, Wonder Mountain, the park's centrepiece, appears at the end of the street. In the early decades of the park's history, stores sold high-quality imported goods themed to the buildings, and restaurants sold food and beverages from non-North American culinary traditions, such as shrimp, paella, and smoked sausage. The buildings are named the Latin, Scandinavian, Mediterranean, and Alpine Buildings.


title: Canada's Wonderland

text: The Medieval Faire section of the park has a medieval European theme in both the setting and the rides. The two original roller coasters, Wilde Beast and Dragon Fyre, use pseudo-Elizabethan English spellings before being renamed using modern spelling (Wild Beast and Dragon Fire) from 1998 to 2018. Many of the original names of some the attractions have reverted to their pseudo-Elizabethan spelling, such as "Dragon Fyre", "Wilde Beast", "Wilde KnightMares", "Viking's Rage", and "Canterbury Theatre". These renames occurred prior to the beginning of the 2019 season.


title: Canada's Wonderland

text: The stores, midway games and restaurants follow the medieval theme, as does the castle theatre (Canterbury Theatre, renamed Paramount Theatre during Paramount's ownership, and Wonderland Theatre until 2019) and a pirate show (originally opened with the park as Sea Sceptre and later replaced with Kinet-X Dive Show) in the middle of Arthur's Baye. However, rides such as Drop Tower, Riptide, Spinovator, and Speed City Raceway have no medieval theme.


title: Canada's Wonderland

text: Canterbury Theatre hosted ice shows from 2006 to 2011 and hosted Cirque Ambiente in mid-2012 and mid-2013.


title: Canada's Wonderland

text: There are presently two children's areas at Canada's Wonderland, KidZville, and Planet Snoopy. A third themed area known as Zoom Zone also exists as a part of KidZville section.


title: Canada's Wonderland

text: The children's areas in Canada's Wonderland originally were themed as The Happyland of Hanna-Barbera. The three areas were themed as Yogi's Woods, Scoobyville, and Bedrock; the first was converted to Smurf Village in 1984 and the last also had a marine mammal show held at the Bedrock Aquarium. In 1993, the Smurf area transitioned to Kids Kingdom, which became KidZville in 1998. In 2003, Bedrock became Nickelodeon Central; Bedrock Aquarium and its marine mammal show closed down as well. The park replaced Nickelodeon Central with Planet Snoopy for the 2010 season, standardizing the park with the rest of the Cedar Fair chain. Planet Snoopy is a section of the park themed after the comic strip "Peanuts".


title: Canada's Wonderland

text: The Zoom Zone subsection of KidZville was created in 2001 with the debut of Silver Streak; it also contains the small rides Blast Off and Jumpin' Jet. One of the KidZville rides, and originally a Kids Kingdom ride, Jumbo Bumps, was removed to make way for these three rides and the new section. Starting in 2004, Zoom Zone was no longer shown on park maps as an independent section. However, since Cedar Fair's acquisition, each of the three rides are depicted in Zoom Zone, and park signage continues to use the name.


title: Canada's Wonderland

text: The first ride accident in the park's history occurred on 23 August 2003, when the Jimmy Neutron Brainwasher (later renamed Woodstock Whirlybirds due to Cedar Fair's contract with "Peanuts") fell apart. Three children were sent to hospital as a precautionary measure.


title: Canada's Wonderland

text: Opened in 1992, Splash Works is an water park. The water park is home to Whitewater Bay, the largest outdoor wave pool in Canada, and 16 water slides. It is included with the price of admission to Canada's Wonderland and is open from late May to early September.


title: Canada's Wonderland

text: Fast Lane is Canada's Wonderland's two-line system since 2012, which is also implemented at other Cedar Fair parks. For an additional cost (in addition to normal admission charges), visitors receive a wrist band that enables them to bypass the 'normal-wait' line and enter the Fast Lane. Opting for this benefit essentially allows purchasers to cut in at the front of the line on 21 of the most popular attractions without waiting. In 2013, the park introduced Fast Lane Plus, which allowed purchasers to bypass the lines of two additional attractions (later three with the addition of Yukon Striker in 2019) that standard Fast Lane users would otherwise not have access to. An unspecified limited amount of both types of passes are sold each day.


title: Canada's Wonderland

text: Similar accommodations are given to guests with restricted mobility issues and guests with cognitive impairments. Guests with these disabilities receive paper boarding passes in which ride operators provide wait times equal to those in the queue. These guests enter at the ride's exit. Boarding passes are not valid at any upcharge attraction (Xtreme Skyflyer, SlingShot & Speed City Raceway). Lazy River is the only attraction in Splash Works that accepts boarding passes.


title: Canada's Wonderland

text: Today, Canada's Wonderland has over 200 attractions (including games), with over 60 thrill rides. The park holds a number of Canadian records, among them the most roller coasters, with 17. The park encompasses eight themed areas on of land, with an artificial mountain as the central feature. In the southwestern quadrant, an waterpark called Splash Works has over of heated water, Canada's largest outdoor wave pool, measuring , a lazy river, and 16 water slides.


title: Canada's Wonderland

text: In 1983, Canada's Wonderland added the Kingswood Music Theatre, a 15,000 seat amphitheatre that has hosted many concerts. After the Budweiser Stage (then known as Molson Amphitheatre) opened on the grounds of Ontario Place in 1995, itself replacing The Forum, cultural festivals at the theatre became less prominent.


title: Canada's Wonderland

text: The park, from its opening in 1981, was known as Canada's Wonderland. In 1994, when Paramount Pictures (later Viacom) purchased the property, the name of the park changed to include the word Paramount, a practice Paramount Parks implemented with all of its parks in 1993. Prior to that, none of the Paramount-owned parks included Paramount in the name.


title: Canada's Wonderland

text: In 2003, Viacom updated the logo of Paramount Parks, and all its theme parks, including Wonderland, to include an updated Paramount logo, even though the logo for Paramount Pictures, the film studio, remained unchanged.


title: Canada's Wonderland

text: In 2006, CBS Corporation (split from Viacom in 2005) sold all of its theme park properties to Cedar Fair, which in turn, dropped the Paramount prefixes from all five parks (and thus reverted to their original names), and adopted a Cedar Fair logo and typeface.


title: Coalition Avenir Québec

text: The Coalition Avenir Québec (CAQ; , ) is a Quebec nationalist, autonomist and conservative provincial political party in Quebec.


title: Coalition Avenir Québec

text: It was founded by former Parti Québécois (PQ) cabinet minister François Legault and businessman Charles Sirois; Legault also serves as the party leader. The party membership includes both Quebec nationalists and federalists. Legault has said it will never endorse a referendum on sovereignty, but will seek more autonomy if necessary.


title: Coalition Avenir Québec

text: Not long after its formation, the party gained nine sitting Members of the National Assembly of Quebec (MNAs) who had been elected as members of the PQ and of the Action démocratique du Québec (ADQ); the ADQ later merged with the CAQ in January 2012. The party is registered with the Director-General of Elections in Quebec under the name Coalition avenir Québec – L'équipe François Legault.


title: Coalition Avenir Québec

text: Members and supporters of the party are referred to as "caquistes", derived from the French pronunciation of the party's initials. However, the party has requested that the term "coalisés" be used instead.


title: Coalition Avenir Québec

text: On 1 October 2018, the CAQ won a majority of seats in the National Assembly of Quebec, allowing it to form a government for the first time. It increased its majority in the 2022 elections.


title: Coalition Avenir Québec

text: In February 2011, François Legault and Charles Sirois held a press conference to announce the formation of a movement called the "Coalition pour l'avenir du Québec" ().


title: Coalition Avenir Québec

text: In September 2011, the CAQ began discussions with the ADQ on the possibility of a merger between the two groups. The two parties were very similar ideologically.


title: Coalition Avenir Québec

text: On 14 November 2011, Legault held a press conference to launch the movement as a political party under the slightly modified name of Coalition Avenir Québec, unveiling a new logo at the same time. The actual registration of the party with the Chief Electoral Officer of Quebec had already taken place on 4 November.


title: Coalition Avenir Québec

text: On 13 December 2011, the CAQ and the ADQ announced an agreement in principle to merge, pending final approval with the ADQ membership.


title: Coalition Avenir Québec

text: On 19 December 2011, two former PQ MNAs (Benoit Charette and Daniel Ratthé) and two former ADQ MNAs (Éric Caire and Marc Picard) who had earlier left their respective parties to sit as independents announced that they were joining the CAQ, becoming the new party's first sitting members.


title: Coalition Avenir Québec

text: In January 2012, PQ MNA François Rebello switched party affiliation to the CAQ, becoming its fifth sitting member.


title: Coalition Avenir Québec

text: On 21 January 2012, the results of the ADQ's mail-in vote were announced: of the 54% of members who voted, 70% approved the merger with the CAQ. The ADQ's four remaining MNAs—Sylvie Roy of Lotbinière, Janvier Grondin of Beauce-Nord, François Bonnardel of Shefford, and leader Gérard Deltell of Chauveau—joined the CAQ, boosting its caucus to nine.


title: Coalition Avenir Québec

text: On 23 January 2012, the CAQ announced its first president, Dominique Anglade, who would also be a candidate for the party in the next election. She left the party in 2015, cited objections to the CAQ's positions on ethnic identity and immigration and ran for the Quebec Liberal Party.


title: Coalition Avenir Québec

text: On 5 August 2012, Jacques Duchesneau, the whistleblower behind Quebec's anti-corruption unit, announced his candidacy for the riding of Saint-Jérôme in the 2012 provincial election. He won the MNA seat.


title: Coalition Avenir Québec

text: In the 2014 provincial election held on 7 April, the CAQ won 22 seats, a gain of three seats. The TVA-sponsored second televised debate was noted as a turning point in the campaign and party leader François Legault's performance reflected positively on the CAQ's standing. Therefore, early voting results revealed a disastrous outcome for the party, while ballots cast on Election Day were much more favourable.


title: Coalition Avenir Québec

text: Also, overall returns marked a significant geographic shift in the CAQ electoral base. In the Capitale-Nationale area, reputed for its conservative leanings and the influence of its talk-radio hosts, the Quebec Liberal Party won four of the six seats previously held by the CAQ. A strategic vote of the anti-PQ electorate, as well as a pledge by Legault to spend no public money on projects dear to Mayor Régis Labeaume, such as the construction of a $97.5 million covered ice rink, the completion of the $60 million theatre Le Diamant, promoted by Robert Lepage, and the $20 million revitalization of the French colonial era new barracks, are possible causes for the backlash.


title: Coalition Avenir Québec

text: The CAQ losses in the Capitale-Nationale area were largely compensated with a significant breakthrough in the "450 area" (Laurentides, Lanaudière and Montérégie), where it ended up with seven more seats.


title: Coalition Avenir Québec

text: On 15 August 2014, CAQ MNA for Lévis Christian Dubé resigned his seat to take a job at the Caisse de dépôt et placement.


title: Coalition Avenir Québec

text: The subsequent 20 October 2014 by-election was won by CAQ candidate François Paradis with 47 per cent of the popular vote.


title: Coalition Avenir Québec

text: Following much speculation, Gérard Deltell announced on 7 April 2015, that he would be running for the federal Conservative Party of Canada in the riding of Louis-Saint-Laurent in the upcoming 2015 federal election. His resignation as MNA for Chauveau took effect the same day.


title: Coalition Avenir Québec

text: On 26 August 2015, CAQ MNA Sylvie Roy resigned to sit as an independent following personal issues with party leadership.


title: Coalition Avenir Québec

text: On 2 October 2017, Geneviève Guilbault won a byelection in the riding of Louis-Hébert that had long been held by the Quebec Liberal Party, winning over 51 per cent of the vote.


title: Coalition Avenir Québec

text: On 1 October 2018, the CAQ won 74 seats, a gain of 53 seats compared to their performance in 2014, propelling them from third place to a strong majority government. The CAQ won 37.4 percent of the vote, four percentage points fewer than what the Liberals tallied four years earlier, and the lowest vote share on record for a party winning an outright majority. However, the CAQ dominated its traditional heartlands and also scored sweeps or near-sweeps in Mauricie, Estrie, Lanaudière, Montérégie, the Laurentides and northern Quebec. Historically, Quebec elections have seen very large disparities between the raw vote and actual seat count.


title: Coalition Avenir Québec

text: This marked the first time since the 1966 election, which was won by the now-defunct Union Nationale, that a party other than the Quebec Liberals or the Parti Québécois formed government in Quebec. It was also the first time since then that a centre-right party had won government in the province.


title: Coalition Avenir Québec

text: The CAQ picked up support from a number of former PQ supporters who had come to believe there was no realistic chance of becoming independent from Canada. For instance, Patrick Légaré, a longtime PQ supporter from the longstanding sovereigntist stronghold of Terrebonne, told "The Guardian" that he decided to vote for the CAQ because he believed "the dream of a separate Quebec is dead." His main concern was finding "someone who can beat the Liberals–and it isn't the PQ." As it turned out, most of the CAQ's gains came at the expense of the PQ, with several ridings that had been in PQ hands for four decades or more falling by landslide margins.


title: Coalition Avenir Québec

text: The CAQ then took the seat vacated by the resignation of former premier Philippe Couillard in a by-election held 10 December 2018, increasing its total to 75 seats.


title: Coalition Avenir Québec

text: In December 2019 the party won the by-election in Jean-Talon and in April 2022 won the by-election in Marie-Victorin, both of which had been Liberal and Parti Québécois strongholds, raising its seat total to 76.


title: Coalition Avenir Québec

text: The party long described itself as being neither of the left nor the right: it is not particularly economically conservative, with economic policies similar to the Quebec Liberal Party and social policies to their right. However, its politics have been described in the press as centre-right and populist by Quebec standards. From the time the CAQ's merger with the ADQ until the Conservative Party of Quebec gained its first MNA in 2021, the CAQ was the right-most party in the National Assembly.


title: Coalition Avenir Québec

text: The party proposes government investment in education and partial decentralization of the healthcare system. They promise "to further develop the entrepreneurial culture in Québec" and provide government resources for the private sector. The party also supports austerity "to provide the government with the flexibility it needs to adapt to the ongoing changes in the economy"; one measure specifically mentioned is leaving 6,000 open Hydro-Québec employment positions unfilled.


title: Coalition Avenir Québec

text: The party supports abolishing school boards and increasing the autonomy of principals and their governing boards.


title: Coalition Avenir Québec

text: The CAQ contends that the near half-century debate over sovereignty has hampered Quebec's economic and political progress. While the party does not support independence, it does identify as nationalist; it believes Quebec can thrive in Canada if the federal government is willing to grant more powers to the province. On 10 April 2014, Legault, previously a staunch sovereignist, stated that a CAQ government would never hold a referendum on leaving Canada: "[There] will never be a referendum for the life of the coalition even after 10 years, even after 20 years, so that's clear. And I was clear but people understood something else." François Legault added, "Once it is clear that there will never be a referendum with the Coalition Avenir Québec, the anglophones and allophones, who don't want a referendum, have to understand that we offer an alternative to the Liberals."


title: Coalition Avenir Québec

text: Legault has stated "aggressive[ly]" that a CAQ government would not repeal Bill 101. He has also stated that a CAQ government will demand greater power for Quebec.


title: Coalition Avenir Québec

text: The party introduced an electoral reform bill in September 2019. It abandoned plans to hold a referendum on electoral reform in the 2022 general election claiming there was not enough time.


title: Coalition Avenir Québec

text: The party is critical of the system of equalization payments in Canada and plans to remove Quebec from receiving such payments.


title: Coalition Avenir Québec

text: According to the party, Quebec is defined by "its historical heritage, the French language, its democratic ideals and the principles of the secularity of the State, and equality among men and women". The Party supported the Quebec ban on face covering but also argue the ban is not extensive enough. They propose to prohibit the wearing of religious symbols by personnel in a position of authority, including teachers. The party supports interculturalism to "integrate newcomers". This includes limiting immigration and promoting the use of French without creating new barriers. However, they want to exempt Quebec from the requirements of multiculturalism. In 2018, it proposed cutting the number of immigrants by 20 per cent, to 40,000 annually. However, it plans to bring back numbers up to 52,000 a year in 2022.


title: William Franklin

text: William Franklin (22 February 1730 – 17 November 1813) was an American-born attorney, soldier, politician, and colonial administrator. He was the acknowledged illegitimate son of Benjamin Franklin. William Franklin was the last colonial Governor of New Jersey (1763–1776), and a steadfast Loyalist throughout the American Revolutionary War. (In contrast, his father Benjamin was, in later life, one of the most prominent of the Patriot leaders of the American Revolution and a Founding Father of the United States.)


title: William Franklin

text: Following imprisonment by Patriots in 1776 to 1778, William became the chief leader of the Loyalists. From his base in New York City, he organized military units to fight on the British side. In 1782, he went into exile in Britain. He lived in London until his death.


title: William Franklin

text: William Franklin was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, then a colony in British America. He was the illegitimate son of Benjamin Franklin, a leading figure in the city. His mother's identity is unknown. Confusion exists about Franklin's birth and parentage because Benjamin Franklin was secretive about his son's origins. In 1750, Benjamin Franklin told his mother that William was nineteen years old, but this may have been an attempt to make the youth appear legitimate. Some older reference books give William's birth year as 1731.


title: William Franklin

text: William was raised by his father and Deborah Read, his father's common-law wife; she had been abandoned by her legal husband but not divorced. William always called her his mother. There is some speculation that Deborah Read was Franklin's biological mother, and that because of his parents' common-law relationship, the circumstances of his birth were obscured so as not to be politically harmful to him or to their marital arrangement.


title: William Franklin

text: Franklin joined a company of Pennsylvania provincial troops in 1746 and spent a winter in Albany in King George's War, obtaining the rank of captain in 1747. As he grew older, he accompanied his father on several missions, including trips to England. Although often depicted as a young child when he assisted his father in the famed kite experiment of 1752, Franklin was at least 21 years old at the time.


title: William Franklin

text: As a young man, William became engaged to Elizabeth Graeme, daughter of prominent Philadelphia physician Dr. Thomas Graeme and step-granddaughter of Pennsylvania's 14th Governor, Sir William Keith. Neither family approved of the match, but when William went to London to study law about 1759, he left with the understanding that Elizabeth would wait for him.


title: William Franklin

text: Franklin studied law at the Middle Temple, chiefly under Richard Jackson "The Omniscient". While in London, Franklin sired an illegitimate son, William Temple Franklin, who was born 22 February 1762. His mother has never been identified, and Temple was placed in foster care.


title: William Franklin

text: Later that year, Franklin married Elizabeth Downes on 4 September 1762 at St George's, Hanover Square, in London. She was born in the English colony of Barbados to the sugar planter John Downes and his wife, Elizabeth (). She met Franklin while visiting England with her father in 1760. They moved to the New Jersey colony in 1763. Elizabeth died in 1777 while he was imprisoned as a Loyalist during the American Revolutionary War. She was interred beneath the altar of St. Paul's Chapel in lower Manhattan, where she had resided after the British evacuated Perth Amboy. The memorial plaque on the wall at St. Paul's was commissioned by William Franklin from London, where he went into exile following the war. He was a widower for more than ten years.


title: William Franklin

text: On 14 August 1788, William married Mary Johnson d'Evelin, a wealthy Irish widow with children. William's son, Temple, after a failed business career in the U.S., lived with his father and stepmother for a time, and followed in his grandfather and father's footsteps and had an illegitimate daughter, Ellen (15 May 1798 London – 1875 Nice, France), with Ellen Johnson d'Evelin, the sister-in-law of his stepmother, Mary. William took responsibility for his granddaughter Ellen. Temple moved to Paris, where he lived the remainder of his life and never saw his father again. After Mary died in 1811, William continued to live with Ellen, age 13 at the time, and when he died in 1813 he left most of his small estate to her.


title: William Franklin

text: William Franklin completed his law education in England, and was admitted to the bar. William and Benjamin Franklin became partners and confidants, working together to pursue land grants in what was then called the Northwest (now Midwest). Before they left England, the senior Franklin lobbied hard to procure his son an appointment, especially working with the Prime Minister Lord Bute.


title: William Franklin

text: Franklin was inducted into the original American Philosophical Society, founded by Benjamin Franklin, around 1758.


title: William Franklin

text: In 1763, William Franklin was appointed as the Royal Governor of New Jersey. He had asked the prime minister, Lord Bute for the position. Bute made the decision secretly to grant the request, not even informing Benjamin Franklin; he intended as a reward for Benjamin's role and a move to weaken the Penn faction. He replaced Josiah Hardy, a merchant and colonial administrator who sided with the New Jersey legislature against the government in London. Randall states:


title: William Franklin

text: Owing to his father's role as a Founding Father and William's loyalty to Britain, the relationship between father and son became strained past the breaking point. When Benjamin decided to take up the Patriot cause, he tried to convince William to join him, but the son refused. After Benjamin Franklin was systematically ridiculed and humiliated by Solicitor-General Alexander Wedderburn before the Privy Council on 29 January 1774, he expected his son to resign in protest. Instead, William advised his father to take his medicine and retire from office. University of Mississippi historian Sheila Skemp noted: "[William] did not abandon Benjamin, but Benjamin abandoned him." His Loyalist position was a reflection of his respect for benevolent authority which he felt was embodied by the British Crown, a view consistent with his father's earlier Anglophilia. Further, unlike his father William was a devout member of the Church of England, which reinforced his loyalty to the Crown. Financially, he needed the salary and perquisites. On 13 January 1775, with revolution seeming imminent, Franklin delivered his "Two Roads" speech to the New Jersey legislature, urging the New Jersey Legislature to take the road toward prosperity as a part of England rather than a road to civil war and anarchy. The legislature instead unanimously issued a resolution in support of the radicals in Boston.


title: William Franklin

text: William Franklin remained as governor of New Jersey, and secretly reported Patriot activities to London. He continued as governor until January 1776, when colonial militiamen placed him under house arrest, which lasted until the middle of June. After the Declaration of Independence, Franklin was formally taken into custody by order of the Provincial Congress of New Jersey, an entity which he refused to recognize, regarding it as an "illegal assembly." He was incarcerated in Connecticut for two years, in Wallingford and Middletown. He surreptitiously engaged Americans in supporting the Loyalist cause. Discovered, he was held in solitary confinement at Litchfield, Connecticut for eight months. When finally released in a prisoner exchange in 1778, he moved to New York City, which was still occupied by the British.


title: William Franklin

text: Once in New York, Boyd Schlenther says he became, "the acknowledged leader of the American loyalists, for whom he struggled to secure aid. He also built up an unofficial yet active spy network." He set up Loyalist military units to fight the Patriots, such as "Bacon's Refugees". In 1779, he had learned through his friend Jonathan Odell, and British Secret Service agent John André, that Benedict Arnold was secretly defecting to the British.


title: William Franklin

text: While in New York, Franklin tried to encourage a guerrilla war and active reprisals against the rebels but was frustrated by British Commander-in-Chief General Clinton, who did not support this nor had much use for American loyalists. Nonetheless, Franklin coordinated a multi-colony group known as the Associated Loyalists that waged guerrilla warfare in New York, New Jersey and Connecticut. A correspondence between Franklin's collaborator, British general William Tryon, and Lord George Germain led to Franklin receiving official blessing for the operation in 1780.


title: William Franklin

text: In 1782 Franklin was implicated in the Loyalist officer Richard Lippincott's hanging of Joshua Huddy. During a raid, Loyalist troops under Franklin's general oversight captured Joshua Huddy, an officer of the New Jersey militia. The Loyalist soldiers hanged Huddy in revenge for similar killings of Loyalists, particularly Phillip White. Huddy was a member of the Association of Retaliation, a vigilante body with a history of attacking and killing Loyalists and neutrals in New Jersey. At the time, some alleged that Franklin had sanctioned the killing of Huddy. This claim was theoretically substantiated by a note left on Huddy's body, which read, "Up goes Huddy for Philip White."


title: William Franklin

text: When he heard of Huddy's death, General George Washington threatened to execute Captain Charles Asgill, a British officer who had been captured at Yorktown, unless Lippincott were handed over to the American military. The British refused, but tried Lippincott. The British acquitted him of charges in the hanging. Due to the intervention of the French King Louis XVI, who interceded with his American allies to prevent Asgill's execution, the British officer was eventually exchanged by the Americans. Despite the speed with which it was terminated, the Asgill Affair temporarily stalled peace talks between American and British authorities, extending uncertainty over the United States' prospects. Ironically, Benjamin Franklin was a senior negotiator for the revolutionary Americans in Paris when the Asgill Affair occurred.


title: William Franklin

text: The Surrender at Yorktown in October 1781 dimmed British hopes for victory, and in 1782, William Franklin departed for Britain, never to return. Once in London, he became a leading spokesman for the Loyalist community. Because of the continued strength of British forces in North America, in spite of the disaster at Yorktown, many expected Britain to continue fighting the war. The British naval victory against the French at the Battle of the Saintes and the successful defence of Gibraltar also raised their hopes. In summer 1782, a new British government came to power, who still hoped to achieve a reconciliation with the American colonies.


title: William Franklin

text: Benjamin Franklin dedicated his autobiography (written before the war) to his son, though the only mention of William within the manuscript is the inclusion of a newspaper article in which Franklin noted that his son was authorized to make contracts to purchase carts for the British army. But the father and son were never reconciled; the elder Franklin became known for his uncompromising position related to not providing compensation nor amnesty for the Loyalists who left the colonies, during the negotiations in Paris for the Peace of Paris. His son's reputation as a Loyalist contributed to his position. The British government gave him £1,800 from the Commissioners of Loyalist Claims. That was the value of his furniture; there was no payment for his lands. He also received a brigadier's half-pay pension of £800 per year.


title: William Franklin

text: William Franklin sent a letter to his father, dated 22 July 1784, in an attempt at reconciliation. His father never accepted his position, but responded in a letter dated 16 August 1784, in which he states "[We] will endeavor, as you propose mutually to forget what has happened relating to it, as well we can." William saw his father one last time in 1785, when Benjamin stopped in Britain on his return journey to the U.S. after his time in France. The meeting was brief and involved tying up outstanding legal matters. In a reconciliation attempt, Benjamin also proposed that his son give land that he owned in New York and New Jersey to William's son Temple, who had served as Benjamin's secretary during the war and for whom the elder Franklin had great affection, in order to repay a debt William owed his father; in the event, William transferred the New York portion of the land. In his 1788 will, Benjamin left William virtually none of his wealth, except some nearly worthless territory in Nova Scotia and some property already in William's possession. He said that had Britain won the war, he would have had no wealth to leave his son.


title: William Franklin

text: William died in 1813, and was buried in London's St Pancras Old Church churchyard. The grave is lost.


title: William Franklin

text: William Franklin is referenced in a humorous dialogue exchange in the stage musical "1776". During a session of the Continental Congress, John Hancock asks Benjamin Franklin if he has heard any news from his son, whom Hancock calls the Royal Governor of New Jersey. To this Dr. Franklin responds, "As that title might suggest, sir, we are not in touch at the present time." Later when a new congressional delegation from New Jersey arrives, the leader of the delegation, Rev. John Witherspoon, informs Dr. Franklin of William's arrest and transferral to Connecticut. Upon learning that William is unharmed, Dr. Franklin contemptuously answers, "Tell me, why did they arrest the little bastard?"


title: Girl's Day

text: Girl's Day () is a South Korean girl group formed by Dream T Entertainment in 2010. The group consists of members Sojin, Minah, Yura, and Hyeri. Members Jisun and Jiin officially left the group in 2010, while Jihae left in late 2012.


title: Girl's Day

text: After said member departures, the quartet went on to become one of the most popular and commercially successful groups of its era. In order of release, the group's biggest hits include "Twinkle Twinkle", "Hug Me Once", "Expect", "Something", "Darling", and "Ring My Bell", all of which have sold more than one million digital copies each.


title: Girl's Day

text: Over the span of their career, Girl's Day has endorsed over 20 brands, including LG Electronics, Ezaki Glico's Pocky, Lotte World, Nexon and Bullsone. Girl's Day ranked 13th in Korea Power Celebrity in 2015, a list ranking Korea's most powerful and influential celebrities. In 2016, the group ranked 26th, whereas member Hyeri ranked 3rd.


title: Girl's Day

text: In 2019, the four members decided not to renew their contracts with Dream T Entertainment, but have stated that they haven't disbanded. Their last release was the EP "Everyday #5" in 2017.


title: Girl's Day

text: In July 2010, Girl's Day debuted with five members: Jihae, Jisun, Jiin, Sojin, and Minah. The first song by Girl's Day, "Tilt My Head" ("갸우뚱"), was released on July 7. Their debut EP "Girl's Day Party #1" was released two days after. The group followed up promotions for "Tilt My Head" with the song "How About Me" ("나어때"), for which they released a music video on July 21. Two months after the group debuted, members Jisun and Jiin left the group to pursue individual interests. Current members Yura and Hyeri were then added to the group to replace them. The new lineup's digital release "Girl's Day Party #2" became available on October 29. The song "Nothing Lasts Forever" ("잘해줘봐야") was used as the lead track of the digital single.


title: Girl's Day

text: In March 2011, Girl's Day digitally released "Girl's Day Party #3", with the single "Twinkle Twinkle" ("반짝반짝"). The song was a commercial success, ranking 4th on Melon's digital monthly chart in April. Overall, the song ranked 39th on the service's annual chart. On May 7 the group performed in their first overseas concert held in Taiwan. The concert was organized by the Korea Tourism Organization, and also featured performances by U-KISS and Super Junior M.


title: Girl's Day

text: In July, Girl's Day released a second EP titled "Everyday", with "Hug Me Once" ("한번만 안아줘") as the title track. The group released "Girls' Day Party #4" in September, with the track "Don't Flirt" ("너, 한눈 팔지마!"). Both releases performed well digitally, ranking in the top 50 of Melon's digital monthly chart following their release. The song was written and produced by Gang Jeon-hyong and Nam Ki-san, who also produced previous singles "Twinkle Twinkle" and "Hug Me Once".


title: Girl's Day

text: Girl's Day's third EP, "Everyday 2", was released on April 17, 2012. It contained the song "Telepathy"-written and produced by Sojin-in addition to the title track "Oh! My God". On October 17, Dream Tea Entertainment revealed that Jihae had left the group for personal reasons. The remaining four members returned with the song "Don't Forget Me" ("나를 잊지마요") from "Girl's Day Party #5".


title: Girl's Day

text: In February 2013, Girl's Day released the single "White Day", followed by their first full-length album "Expectation" on March 14. The album's title track, "Expectation" ("기대해"), became a commercial success and was awarded the 'Long-Run Song of the Year' award at the third Gaon Chart K-Pop Awards and ranked 36th overall on Melon's digital annual chart. They also promoted the track "Female President" ("여자대통령"), which was named one of the "20 Best K-pop Songs of 2013" by Billboard. Following "Expectation", the group released "Girl's Day Party #6" with "Please Tell Me" as the title track. They released "Let's Go" ("렛츠 고"), a motivational song written and composed by Sojin.


title: Girl's Day

text: On January 3, 2014, Girl's Day released their fourth EP, "Everyday 3", which was largely produced by Duble Sidekick. The music video for the title track "Something" ("썸씽") reached over a million views within a day. It became their highest-charting single, peaking at #2 on both Billboard's Korea K-Pop Hot 100 and the Gaon Digital Chart. The song also ranked first on the monthly Gaon Digital Chart, and remained in the top 10 of the Korea K-Pop Hot 100 for eight weeks. Girl's Day live promotions for "Something" won five music show awards, and later won 'Best Dance Performance by a Female Group' at the 2014 Mnet Asian Music Awards. The song ranked 9th on Melon's digital annual chart. In July, the group released their fifth EP, "Everyday 4", with the lead single "Darling", which ranked 27th on Melon's digital annual chart. On October 15, the group released the EP and ballad single "I Miss You" ("보고싶어").


title: Girl's Day

text: In May 2015, Girl's Day released the single "Hello Bubble" in an endorsement with haircare brand Mise-en-scène. The group traveled to Okinawa in June to film for the MBC reality programme "One Fine Day". Girl's Day released their second full-length album "Love", along with its title track "Ring My Bell", in July 2015. During promotions for the album, the group faced controversy over their July 7 appearance on a Korean internet-streamed program, ChoiKoon TV. The Girl's Day members were criticized by audiences for what was seen as disrespectful behavior, and appeared on the stream the following day to offer an apology. Nevertheless, "Ring My Bell" remained in the top 10 of Melon's monthly digital chart in July despite controversy. On September 30, Girl's Day made their Japanese debut with the album "Girl's Day 2015 Autumn Party". It contained Japanese versions of the singles "Darling", "Twinkle Twinkle" and "Ring My Bell". The group also held a showcase in Taipei on November 1, performing twelve of their songs to an audience of 2,000 fans.


title: Girl's Day

text: On March 2, 2017, Dream T Entertainment announced that Girl's Day was set to comeback after 21-month long hiatus during which the members focused on solo activities. The agency revealed that the group is in the process of wrapping up recording for their title track, and the comeback was set for late March 2017. On March 10, Dream T Entertainment confirmed that Girl's Day was set to make their comeback on March 27 with their new mini album. On March 17, Dream T Entertainment released the group's comeback schedule and revealed that the new album would be the fifth part of the "Everyday" series.


title: Girl's Day

text: On the day of their comeback, the official music video for "I'll Be Yours", the title track, was released simultaneously on the official Girl's Day YouTube channel and 1theK's channel; the music video on 1theK's channel surpassed 2 million views in less than 24 hours. Their new EP, "Everyday #5", debuted at No. 7 on Billboard's World Albums chart this week. Domestically, the title track ranked 2nd on the Genie chart and 11th on the Melon chart.


title: Girl's Day

text: On January 11, 2019, it was reported that all of the members would not re-sign with Dream T Entertainment and they would join separate agencies while not officially disbanding.


title: Girl's Day

text: In August 2013, Girl's Day were appointed honorary ambassadors for the Plan Korea campaign "Because I Am a Girl". That month the group visited Chiang Rai, Thailand, where they carried out volunteer work. The group returned to Thailand a year later to participate in a campaign for girls' birth registration. The entire proceeds from the group's concert in 2014 were donated to support the birth registration of girls in developing countries. In February 2016, Sojin and Yura represented Girl's Day as Plan Korea ambassadors in Cambodia, volunteering at a school where they held art and music workshops. Minah and Hyeri did not join the trip due to illness and drama commitments respectively. In 2017, Hyeri was appointed as one of the ambassadors for the Count Every Child birth registration campaign.