title: Ranger School

text: The Puckett Award is awarded to the Ranger that passes all graded leadership positions; peer reports, and may not recycle. The Ranger may not have any lost equipment due to negligence and may not have any retests on any critical tasks. This award is named in honor of Colonel Ralph Puckett. Colonel Puckett earned the Distinguished Service Cross (upgraded to the Medal of Honor in 2021) during the Korean War as company commander of the 8th Army Ranger Company, the first Ranger Company seeing active service during the war. Then-First Lieutenant Puckett, in an attack against numerically superior Chinese forces, established defensive fighting positions on the captured objective. His Rangers held off five successive Chinese counterattacks before he was severely wounded during a sixth counterattack and evacuated despite his protests.


title: Ranger School

text: The Hall is awarded to the Ranger that passes all graded leadership positions; peer reports, and may not recycle. The Ranger may not have any lost equipment due to negligence and may not have any retests on any critical tasks. This award is named in honor of Corporal Glenn M. Hall. Corporal Hall was awarded the Distinguished Service Cross while serving with the 1st Airborne Ranger Company for his gallant actions at Chipyon-Ni during the Korean War. He exposed himself to direct enemy fire to cover his platoon's movement. Once his weapon jammed he joined his platoon and volunteered to contact friendly forces on an adjacent hill. When he reached the hill, it was covered with enemy troops. Corporal Hall killed a Chinese soldier in a foxhole and used that position to drive the enemy from the hill. He was wounded during that action by a grenade.


title: Ranger School

text: Awarded to the highest ranked commissioned officer as selected by their peers for demonstrating outstanding leadership, initiative, and motivation.


title: Ranger School

text: Awarded to the highest ranked enlisted Ranger as selected by their peers for demonstrating outstanding leadership, initiative, and motivation.


title: Ranger School

text: Ranger School is designed to physically stress students to a point short of death. Deaths have occurred during Ranger Training. In the winter of 1977, two students in class 2-77 died of hypothermia while on patrol in the Florida swamp. In 1985, in the Swamp phase, a soldier drowned crossing a stream against a strong current. In March 1992, a student with sickle cell trait died after exposure to high altitude and stress in the mountain phase. The Ranger Training Brigade did not know about his medical issue until after his death. In March 1992, a Ranger student died from a fall on the Slide for Life.


title: Ranger School

text: The "worst incident in the 44-year history of the school" occurred on 15 February 1995 during the Swamp Phase of class 3–95. Captain Milton Palmer, 2LT Spencer Dodge, 2LT Curt Sansoucie, and SGT Norman Tillman died from hypothermia. Investigations of the incident were conducted by the U.S. Air Force, the Ranger Training Brigade, and the U.S. Army's Safety Board. The results were determined to be a result of a combination of human errors exacerbated by "unexpected weather conditions". Nine Ranger Instructors were disciplined and the 6th Ranger Training Battalion commander was relieved. As there was no basis for criminal charges, none were court-martialed. The four dead Ranger School students were posthumously awarded the Ranger Tab.


title: Ranger School

text: As a result of the 1995 deaths, 38 new safety measures were implemented in the Swamp Phase. According to John Lock,


title: Ranger School

text: Spc. James A. Requenez, 28, of San Antonio, Texas, died on Thursday, March 25, 2021, due to drowning during an unspecified training incident at Eglin Air Force Base in Florida, officials with Airborne and Ranger Training Brigade, out of Fort Benning, Georgia, said. Requenez was transported to Eglin AFB hospital, where he was pronounced dead, according to the release, which added the incident was under investigation.


title: Men I Trust

text: Men I Trust is a Canadian indie band from Montreal, Quebec. Formed in 2014, the band consists of Emmanuelle Proulx (vocals, guitar), Jessy Caron (guitar, bass), and Dragos Chiriac (keyboard). The group self-released their early work and subsequently published music on Canadian indie label Return to Analog.


title: Men I Trust

text: Men I Trust was founded in 2013 by high school friends Jessy Caron and Dragos Chiriac, who reunited in the math department at Université Laval. They released a self-titled EP in 2014 and later performed at the Montreal Jazz Festival, Quebec City Summer Festival, and M for Montreal. They released the album "Headroom" in 2015. They were later joined by the 23-year-old Emmanuelle Proulx, a singer and guitarist who has participated full-time in the group since March 2016. The band toured in China, playing shows in Shenzhen, Beijing, and Shanghai. In 2017, Men I Trust released the single "I Hope to Be Around" with an accompanying music video. In 2018, they released the single "Show Me How" along with a self-directed music video. In 2018, they embarked on a North American tour. They performed at the Coachella Valley Music and Arts Festival on April 14 and 21, 2019. They also performed at Lollapalooza on August 3, 2019.


title: Men I Trust

text: From 2016 to 2019, they released ten singles. Eight of them were reworked and included in their next album. They released the album "Oncle Jazz" on September 13, 2019. In a conversation with writer Nick Fulton for the music publication "Billboard", the band noted that the green, solitary confines of rural Quebec were influential in shaping how the album sounded. "It put us in a really different creative mood and we were able to focus more, because there’s nothing to do outside of the house except for walking and thinking about music,” said singer and guitarist Emmanuelle Proulx."" "Oncle Jazz" was long listed for the 2020 Polaris Music Prize.


title: Men I Trust

text: In 2020, Men I Trust released a live album "Forever Live Sessions" featuring songs from "Oncle Jazz" and other work. On June 16, 2021, they were featured in an episode of the NPR web series Tiny Desk (Home) Concert recorded in Quebec. The band announced their subsequent album "Untourable Album" on June 23, 2021, and it was released on August 25, 2021. It is currently being supported by a North American tour that started in September 2021.


title: Men I Trust

text: In November 2022, Men I Trust performed "Show Me" with Joey Badass on The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon.


title: Men I Trust

text: National Public Radio called Men I Trust an electro-pop band, "Our Culture Mag" describes the band as indie, and online music publication "The Fader" described their style as dream pop.


title: Traveller's Tales

text: Traveller's Tales is a British video game developer and a subsidiary of TT Games. Traveller's Tales was founded in 1989 by Jon Burton and Andy Ingram. Initially a small company focused on its own content, it grew in profile through developing games with larger companies such as Sega and Disney Interactive Studios. In 2004, development on "" started with Giant Interactive Entertainment, the exclusive rights holder to Lego video games. Traveller's Tales bought the company in 2005, and the two merged to create TT Games, with Traveller's Tales becoming the new company's development arm.


title: Traveller's Tales

text: Traveller's Tales started developing games with Psygnosis, which were most notable for creating 3D effects. Their first game was "Leander", also known as "The Legend of Galahad". With Psygnosis they developed a video game adaption of "Bram Stoker's Dracula", as well as other original productions like "Puggsy". Thanks to an agreement between Psygnosis, Sony Imagesoft and Disney Interactive Studios, Traveller's Tales could produce several games based on Disney's properties, such as the Mickey Mouse game "" and other games based on Pixar movies like "Toy Story", "A Bug's Life", "" and "Finding Nemo" (the latter two thanks to agreements with Activision and THQ).


title: Traveller's Tales

text: However, Traveller's Tales was best known in the 1990s and early 2000s for their second-party collaboration with Sega to develop games based on the "Sonic the Hedgehog" franchise, resulting in "Sonic 3D Blast" and "Sonic R", which were produced in close effort with Sega's Sonic Team. Both games were regarded as technical achievements in the Mega Drive ("Sonic 3D Blast") and the Sega Saturn ("Sonic R"), adding to the high-tech development status they already had with games like "Puggsy", "Mickey Mania" and "Toy Story". They were also responsible for "Crash Twinsanity", under the Vivendi label.


title: Traveller's Tales

text: They developed "" as well as its follow-ups. Outside of the Lego games, their work includes the franchise "Crash Bandicoot", "The Chronicles of Narnia", "Super Monkey Ball Adventure", and "World Rally Championship" and "F1 Grand Prix" for the PlayStation Portable.


title: Traveller's Tales

text: The company was purchased by Warner Bros. Interactive Entertainment at the end of 8 November 2007, but continued to operate independently. Following the release of "" (2008), Traveller's Tales would work exclusively on Lego titles – though other TT subsidiaries such as TT Fusion continued to use other IP until the early 2010s. While some of the early Lego titles would be published by LucasArts, from 2011 Warner would also act as the studio's exclusive publisher.


title: Traveller's Tales

text: In 2015, Traveller's Tales entered the toys-to-life business with "Lego Dimensions", which used a toy pad to enter physical Lego minifigures and Lego models into the game, as well as interact with gameplay. The game included existing Lego themes like "DC Comics", "The Lego Movie" and "The Lord of the Rings", as well as completely new properties such as "Portal 2" and "Wizard of Oz". The game was discontinued in October 2017.


title: Traveller's Tales

text: Traveller's Tales has won two BAFTAs, one for Gameplay with "", and one for Children's Videogame of the Year for "".


title: Traveller's Tales

text: On 20 January 2022, a report published by "Polygon" detailed the amount of crunch that occurred at the studio during the development of "", including dozens inside the company being at odds with management, due to expressing frustration over tight development schedules, the company’s crunch culture, and outdated development tools. In addition, the use of NTT (a new in-house engine that was being developed to replace Traveller's Tales' previous engine in attempt to avoid paying royalties for using a third-party engine like Unreal Engine or Unity) was extremely controversial within the company, as many employees had been pushing to instead use Unreal Engine. NTT turned out to be incredibly difficult to use, with some animations taking hours more to produce than they would on the old engine. As a result, "The Skywalker Saga" would end up being the only game developed by Traveller's Tales to use NTT, with the company deciding to use Unreal Engine going forward for their future projects.


title: Transporter 2

text: Transporter 2 (French: Le Transporteur 2) is an English-language French 2005 action-thriller film directed by Louis Leterrier. Written by Robert Mark Kamen and co-producer Luc Besson, it is the sequel to "The Transporter" (2002), as well as the second installment of "Transporter" trilogy. The film stars Jason Statham, Alessandro Gassman, Amber Valletta, Kate Nauta, François Berléand, Matthew Modine, and Jason Flemyng. Both Statham and Berléand reprise their roles as Frank Martin and Inspector Tarconi, respectively. In the story, Frank chauffeurs a young boy from Miami, Florida, who is soon kidnapped and tries to rescue him. The film was followed by "Transporter 3" which was released in 2008.


title: Transporter 2

text: Frank Martin has relocated from southern France to Miami, Florida. As a favor to a friend, he becomes a temporary chauffeur for the wealthy Billings family. Frank bonds with their son, Jack, whom he drives to and from elementary school in his new Audi A8 W12. The marriage of Jefferson and Audrey Billings is under great strain due to the demands of his high-profile government job. This leads Audrey to seek solace in Frank, one time getting somewhat drunk and attempting to seduce him, but he tactfully sends her home.


title: Transporter 2

text: Frank prepares for the arrival of Inspector Tarconi, his detective friend from France, who has come to spend his holiday in Florida with Frank. When Frank takes Jack for a medical checkup, he realizes barely in time that impostors have killed, and masqueraded as, the doctor and receptionist. A lengthy fight erupts between thugs, led by Lola, and the unarmed Frank; Frank manages to escape with Jack. Just as they arrive at Jack's house, he receives a phone call, informing him that he and Jack are in the sights of a sniper capable of penetrating the car's bulletproof glass. Forced at gunpoint to let Lola into the car, Frank speeds away with Jack, evading many pursuing police cars.


title: Transporter 2

text: They arrive at a warehouse, where Frank meets Gianni Chellini, the ringleader of the operation. Frank is ordered to leave without Jack. He discovers an explosive attached to the car and succeeds in removing it a split-second prior to detonation. Jack is returned to his family after the payment of a ransom, but unknown to them and Frank, Jack has been injected with a deadly virus that will eventually kill anyone whom the child breathes on.


title: Transporter 2

text: Suspected by everyone except Audrey of being one of the kidnappers, Frank tracks down the remaining fake doctor, Dimitri, with Tarconi's assistance. Frank infects Dimitri with the same virus, then lets him escape. Dimitri panics and hurries to a lab to get the cure, with Frank following behind. In his panic, Dimitri kills Tipov, another of Gianni's men, in his attempt to force the scientist in charge of the lab to give him the cure. Frank arrives and kills first another henchman, then Dimitri (after revealing that Dimitri was not infected after all); but when Frank refuses to bargain with him, the scientist hurls the only two vials containing the antidote out of the window into traffic. Frank manages to retrieve only one vial intact.


title: Transporter 2

text: Frank sneaks back into the Billings home and tells an already ailing Audrey what is happening. He uses the antidote on Jack. Meanwhile, a coughing Jefferson, the director of National Drug Control Policy, addresses the heads of many anti-drug organizations from around the world at a conference; infecting all of them in the process.


title: Transporter 2

text: Frank drives to Gianni's home, and finds that Gianni has decided to inject himself with the remaining supply of antidote as a precaution. After dispatching Gianni's many henchmen, Frank has the archvillain at gunpoint. Gianni explains that a Colombian drug cartel is paying him to get rid of its enemies; and that Frank cannot risk killing him, for his death would render the antidote unusable. An armed Lola shows up, leading to a standoff. Gianni leaves Lola to deal with Frank; which results in Frank killing her by impaling her on a wine rack with sharp metal points.


title: Transporter 2

text: Frank tracks Gianni, who is making an escape in his helicopter to a waiting jet. Using a Lamborghini Murcielago Roadster from Gianni's garage, Frank speeds to the airport and boards Gianni's jet by driving onto the runway and climbing onto the jet's nose gear. After killing the co-pilot Frank gets into the interior of the plane and confronts Gianni, who pulls a gun on him. When they wrestle for it, a wild shot kills the pilot and the plane crash-lands in the ocean. Frank incapacitates Gianni, rendering him immobile while preserving the antidote in his system, then pushes his captive and himself out of the sinking plane. Boats converge to pick them up.


title: Transporter 2

text: The Billings are given the antidote. When Frank visits them in the hospital, before entering their room, he sees them with Jack, who is joking with them. He silently walks back to his car, where Tarconi is waiting. He drops his friend at the airport. Alone, Frank receives a call from a man who needs a transporter, to which he replies: "I'm listening."


title: Transporter 2

text: "Transporter 2" opened in the United States on 2 September 2005. During its opening weekend, the film grossed $16 million in the U.S. In total, it earned $43 million in the U.S. and $85 million worldwide.


title: Transporter 2

text: The film received mixed reviews. On Rotten Tomatoes, the film has a score of 52% based on reviews from 122 critics and reports a rating average of 5.41/10, with the reported consensus: "A stylish and more focused sequel to "The Transporter", the movie is over-the-top fun for fans of the first movie." At Metacritic, which assigns a weighted average score out of 100 to reviews from mainstream critics, the film received an average score of 56 based on 29 reviews, indicating "mixed or average reviews". Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of "B+" on an A+ to F scale.


title: Transporter 2

text: Roger Ebert of the "Chicago Sun-Times" awarded the film 3 stars out of 4 and called it better than the original. In a special to "The Los Angeles Times" on the same day as the film's US release, director Louis Leterrier stated that Frank Martin was "the first gay action movie hero", suggesting that the character comes out when he refuses a woman's advances by saying, "It's because of who I am." This is contradicted by the plot of "Transporter 3" where Frank Martin has sex with the female character he is transporting, and they end up together in what seems a permanent relationship. Three days after the US theatrical release of "Transporter 3", in which Frank Martin develops a heterosexual relationship, the writer of Leterrier's 2005 interview with the Times e-mailed Leterrier about his opinion of the third film, which he did not direct. Leterrier seemed to backtrack, stating that after re-watching his first two films, "they aren't "that" gay".


title: Transporter 2

text: The soundtrack album for "Transporter 2" was released in the United States on 6 September 2005 by TVT Records. It features sixteen tracks recorded by various artists, including the film score composed Alexandre Azaria. James Christopher Monger from Allmusic rated the album three stars out of five, citing Grand National's "Talk Amongst Yourselves", Anggun's "Saviour" and Mylo's "Paris Four Hundred" as the highlights of the soundtrack.


title: Transporter 2

text: In 2006, Louis Leterrier re-released an uncensored version of "Transporter 2" on DVD. The uncensored release is roughly 25 seconds longer than the theatrical cut, and contains improved CGI, particularly during the car chase from the hospital as well as the private jet scene. This release also contains more violent footage and blood during the fight scenes, and contains more nudity in certain scenes with Lola. It is available in Japan (R2 NTSC), France and the UK (both R2 PAL), as well as Thailand (R3 NTSC). It is also available on Blu-ray Disc in France and Japan (both releases are region-free). The Blu-ray was temporarily banned in North America for legal reasons, but has since been re-released. The uncensored fight footage as well as a longer car chase scene was only featured as deleted scenes on the US DVD release. Also the deleted footage included the killing of the doctor.


title: Transporter 2

text: A 2008 sequel, entitled "Transporter 3", was released in the U.S. on 26 November 2008. The film follows Frank Martin as he returns to France. It is the only film in the "Transporter" trilogy to be distributed by Lionsgate in the US.


title: The War with Grandpa

text: The War with Grandpa is a 2020 American family comedy film directed by Tim Hill, from a screenplay by Tom J. Astle and Matt Ember, based upon the novel of the same name by Robert Kimmel Smith. The film is about a young boy named Peter (Oakes Fegley) who fights in a prank war with his grandfather (Robert De Niro) to get his grandfather to move out of his room after he moves in with his family. Uma Thurman, Rob Riggle, Laura Marano, Cheech Marin, Jane Seymour, and Christopher Walken also star.


title: The War with Grandpa

text: Originally filmed in May 2017, "The War with Grandpa"s release was delayed several times due to photography changes and the closure of The Weinstein Company, the original distributor. The film was eventually released theatrically in the United States on October 9, 2020 by 101 and Brookdale Studios, as well as abroad beginning in August 2020 by Brookdale Studios. It received generally negative reviews from critics and grossed $43 million worldwide against a production budget of $38 million. A sequel is in development.


title: The War with Grandpa

text: After accidentally stealing from a grocery store due to having trouble with the self-checkouts and causing a scene with the store manager, recently widowed Ed Marino (Robert De Niro) is visited by his daughter Sally Marino-Decker (Uma Thurman), who wants him to move in with her family. Ed does not want to leave his house because he built it himself. Sally convinces Ed to move in with her and gives him her son Peter's (Oakes Fegley) bedroom. Peter is not happy about giving his room to his grandfather and being moved to the attic. Ed is welcomed by Sally's husband Arthur (Rob Riggle) and two daughters, Mia (Laura Marano) and Jenny (Poppy Gagnon). During his first day, Ed spends most of his time in his new room, sitting in his chair and looking at the sky, still thinking about his late wife.


title: The War with Grandpa

text: Peter then tells his friends Billy (Juliocesar Chavez), Steve (Isaac Kragten) and Emma (T.J. McGibbon) about his grandfather moving in with his family and living in his room. After a miserable first night in his new room, Peter decides to declare war. Ed agrees, as long as they follow the rules of engagement: they cannot damage other people's belongings and cannot tell the family about their arrangement. Peter pulls a series of pranks, including replacing Ed's shaving cream with quick-drying foam and damaging his record player. Ed gets back at Peter with pranks including removing all of the screws from Peter's furniture and rewriting his school report. Ed turns to his friends Danny (Cheech Marin) and Jerry (Christopher Walken) for some advice. Over time, Ed begins to spend time with his granddaughters and son-in-law and learns how to use modern technology, such as self-checkouts and apps.


title: The War with Grandpa

text: Sally learns that Mia is dating a boy named Russell (Colin Ford), whom she does not approve of. Ed invites Jerry, Danny, and Diane (Jane Seymour) (a store worker Ed has befriended) to play dodgeball against Peter and his friends. Peter and his friends win the first round, but Ed and his team manage to beat them during the second round. However, during the third round, Danny's jaw is injured; as a result, the game is declared a tie. Later, Peter pushes the button on Ed's emergency call necklace, and Ed picks Peter up from school to take him fishing. The two discover that it is illegal to fish there. Ed then takes Peter to his old house and explains that he left some secrets in the walls.


title: The War with Grandpa

text: Ed learns that Peter is being bullied, so he, Danny, and Jerry throw the bully in a dumpster. At Jenny's Christmas-themed birthday party, Peter keeps his promise about not pulling any pranks. Peter rigs up an ejector seat for Ed, who is supposed to be playing the part of Santa that night. Unfortunately, a last-minute change results in Jerry being dressed up as Santa. Throughout the party, Peter and Ed are asked to help out. Instead, they continue to prank each other, including spraying bottles at each other and Peter plugging the cord to the lights as Ed checks them, shocking Ed. As a result of their hijinks, they inadvertently reveal their war with each other to everyone. Jerry gets ejected from his chair, resulting in further property damage and injuries to multiple guests. During this, Jenny's Christmas tree prop falls onto the house, leaving a hole in Mia's room and revealing Mia's secret tryst with Russell. Afterwards, Ed is injured and taken to the hospital.


title: The War with Grandpa

text: As punishment, Arthur and Sally place Peter and Mia under "work arrest" for six months. Russell shows up; Sally initially seems angry at him, but instead welcomes him. Sally goes to pick up Ed from the hospital, but learns that he has already checked out and his Lyft driver Chuck (Joe Gelchion) has taken him to his old house. Peter decides to make amends, and begs Ed to move back in with the family. The two finally reconcile, as Sally listens. As time passes, Ed and Peter seem to finally be getting along until Ed leaves one day to be with Diane, with whom he is now in a relationship. Peter looks on angrily, declaring a war on both of them as they leave.


title: The War with Grandpa

text: The film was adapted from the novel of the same name, written by Robert Kimmel Smith. In 2013, producer Marvin and Rosa Peart's eight-year-old son Tre brought the book to their attention. After acquiring the rights, principal photography on the film began on May 2, 2017, in Atlanta, Georgia, where it shot for 12 weeks.


title: The War with Grandpa

text: "The War with Grandpa" was initially scheduled to be released by The Weinstein Company's Dimension Films on April 21, 2017, which was later pushed back to October 20, 2017, due to principal photography location changes. In August 2017 the film was again delayed, this time to February 23, 2018.


title: The War with Grandpa

text: In January 2018, less than a month before its intended release, the film was pulled from the release schedule. In March 2018, it was announced The Weinstein Company would no longer distribute the film, and its rights were reclaimed by the producers for $2.5 million. In June 2020, 101 and Brookdale Studios acquired distribution rights to the film and set it for a September 18, 2020 release; it was later pushed back to October 9. The studios spent an estimated $24 million promoting the film.


title: The War with Grandpa

text: "The War with Grandpa" grossed $21.3 million in the United States and Canada, and $22.1 million in other territories, for a worldwide total of $43.4 million.


title: The War with Grandpa

text: In the US, the film made $1.1 million from 2,250 theaters on its first day of release. It went on to debut to $3.6 million, becoming the first film to top "Tenet" at the box office. In its second weekend the film grossed $2.5 million, finishing second behind newcomer "Honest Thief", and then made $1.9 million in its third weekend and $1.1 million in its fourth week. After six weeks the film stood at $15.5 million domestically, with industry insiders estimating the film could leg out to $20 million. By mid-February 2021, in its 20th week of release, the film was still playing in 653 theaters and grossed $224,000, for a running total of $20.3 million.


title: The War with Grandpa

text: On review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes, the film holds an approval rating of based on reviews, with an average rating of . The website's critics consensus reads, "Fitfully funny but mostly misguided, "The War with Grandpa" will leave audiences with a handful of chuckles—and a lot of questions about what this talented cast was thinking." On Metacritic, it has a weighted average score of 34 out of 100, based on 23 critics, indicating "generally unfavorable reviews." Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of "B+" on an A+ to F scale.


title: The War with Grandpa

text: On "RogerEbert.com", Christy Lemire gave the film one out of four stars, calling it "a straining comedy" featuring a "wildly overqualified" cast. Jude Dry of IndieWire gave the film a "D+" and wrote: "...the killer cast is sorely wasted on an utterly inane script about a spoiled kid who inexplicably decides he hates his very nice grandpa for moving into his room. Based on the popular kids' book by Robert Kimmel Smith, "The War with Grandpa" is a sluggish hodgepodge of slapstick humor that barely holds together its illogically motivated plot."


title: The War with Grandpa

text: Peter Travers, reviewing the film for ABC News, wrote: "It's an individual choice whether or not to risk bringing children to theaters to see "The War with Grandpa"... But if you take the plunge and keep your expectations low, you could do worse than watching De Niro and company shake their sillies out."


title: The War with Grandpa

text: In November 2020, producers Marvin and Rosa Peart announced their intentions for a sequel, titled "The World War with Grandpa", which was subtly foreshadowed by the final scene of the movie.


title: Dorothy Malone

text: Dorothy Malone (born Mary Dorothy Maloney; January 29, 1924 – January 19, 2018) was an American actress.


title: Dorothy Malone

text: Her film career began in 1943, and in her early years, she played small roles, mainly in B-movies, with the exception of a supporting role in "The Big Sleep" (1946). After a decade, she changed her image, particularly after her role in "Written on the Wind" (1956), for which she won the Oscar for Best Supporting Actress.


title: Dorothy Malone

text: Her career reached its peak by the beginning of the 1960s, and she achieved later success with her television role as Constance MacKenzie on "Peyton Place" (1964–1968). Less active in her later years, Malone's last screen appearance was in "Basic Instinct" in 1992.


title: Dorothy Malone

text: Malone died on January 19, 2018. She had been one of the last surviving stars from the Golden Age of Hollywood.


title: Dorothy Malone

text: Malone was born Mary Dorothy Maloney on January 29, 1924in Chicago, one of five children born to Esther Emma "Eloise" Smith and her husband Robert Ignatius Maloney, an auditor for AT&T company. Her two sisters, Patsy and Joan, died from complications of polio. She also had two brothers, Robert and William.


title: Dorothy Malone

text: When she was six months old, her family moved to Dallas, Texas. There she modeled for Neiman Marcus and attended Ursuline Academy of Dallas, Highland Park High School, Hockaday Junior College, and later, Southern Methodist University (SMU). She originally considered becoming a nurse. While performing in a play at SMU, she was spotted by a talent scout, Eddie Rubin, who had been looking to find and cast a male actor.


title: Dorothy Malone

text: Malone was signed by RKO at age 18 as Dorothy Maloney. She made her film debut in "Gildersleeve on Broadway" (1943). She was credited as Dorothy Maloney in "The Falcon and the Co-eds" (1943), released shortly thereafter. She later recalled, "I was a bridesmaid at a wedding in one picture. In another film, I was the leader of an all-girl orchestra. The only thing I did at RKO of any note was lose my Texas accent." Her RKO appearances included "Higher and Higher" (1943) with Frank Sinatra, "Seven Days Ashore" (1944), "Show Business" (1944) with Eddie Cantor, "Step Lively" (1944) again with Sinatra, and "Youth Runs Wild" (1944) for producer Val Lewton. RKO elected not to renew her contract. She made a brief uncredited appearance in "One Mysterious Night" (1944), a Boston Blackie film for Columbia.


title: Dorothy Malone

text: She then signed a contract with Warner Bros. The studio, she said in 1985, changed her surname "from Maloney to Malone. They placed my picture in the newspaper and they gave me a raise.”


title: Dorothy Malone

text: Malone's early Warner movies included "Hollywood Canteen" (1944), "Too Young to Know" (1945), and "Frontier Days" (1945). She first achieved notice when Howard Hawks cast her as the bespectacled bookstore clerk in "The Big Sleep" (1946) with Humphrey Bogart. Warner gave her bigger parts in "Janie Gets Married" (1945), "Night and Day" (1946), and "To the Victor" (1946), with Dennis Morgan. Her first lead was "Two Guys from Texas" (1948) with Morgan and Jack Carson; this film, in her words, established her onscreen persona as "the all-American girl watching the all-American boy do all sorts of things.”


title: Dorothy Malone

text: She appeared in "One Sunday Afternoon" (1948) with Dennis Morgan and Janis Paige for director Raoul Walsh; this was a remake of "The Strawberry Blonde" (1941), with Malone playing the part played by Olivia de Havilland in the original. She was billed third in "Flaxy Martin" (1949) with Virginia Mayo and Zachary Scott, then played a good girl in a Western with Joel McCrea, "South of St Louis" (1949). McCrea and she were re-teamed in "Colorado Territory" (1949), a remake of "High Sierra" (1941), also for Walsh, her last film before she left the studio.


title: Dorothy Malone

text: Columbia used Malone to play Randolph Scott's leading lady in "The Man from Nevada" (1950). She stayed at that studio for "Convicted" (1950) and "The Killer That Stalked New York" (1950). She made "Mrs. O'Malley and Mr. Malone" (1951) at MGM and played Tim Holt's love interest in RKO's "Saddle Legion" (1951) and John Ireland's love interest in "The Bushwackers" (1951). She began acting on television while continuing to appear in films, guest-starring on shows such as "The Philco-Goodyear Television Playhouse" ("Education of a Fullback", 1951), and "Kraft Theatre" ("The Golden Slate", 1951).


title: Dorothy Malone

text: She relocated to New York City for several months to study acting until producer Hal B. Wallis called her back to appear in "Scared Stiff" (1953) starring the comedy duo of Dean Martin and Jerry Lewis. Malone appeared in a war film, "Torpedo Alley" (1952) for Allied Artists. She was a love interest in Westerns with Ronald Reagan ("Law and Order", 1953) and Mark Stevens ("Jack Slade", 1953). She was also in the thriller "Loophole" (1954), billed second. She did episodes of "The Doctor" ("The Runaways", 1953), "Omnibus" ("The Horn Blows at Midnight", 1953); "Four Star Theatre" ("Moorings", 1953; "A Study in Panic", 1954), "Fireside Theatre" ("Afraid to Live", 1954; "Our Son", 1954; "Mr Onion" 1955), "Lux Video Theatre" ("The Hunted", 1955), "The Christophers" ("The World Starts with Jimmy", 1955), and "General Electric Theatre" ("The Clown" with Henry Fonda, 1955).


title: Dorothy Malone

text: Film roles included "The Lone Gun" (1954), a Western with George Montgomery; "Pushover" (1954), a thriller with Fred MacMurray and Kim Novak; and "Private Hell 36" (1954) from director Don Siegel. Malone was reunited with Sinatra in "Young at Heart" (1954), as a co-star. She had a leading part in "Battle Cry" (1955), playing a married woman who has an affair with a young soldier (Tab Hunter) during World War II, a box-office hit.


title: Dorothy Malone

text: She again co-starred with Ireland in "The Fast and the Furious" (1955), directed by Ireland but perhaps best remembered for being the first film produced by Roger Corman, who would later recount that Malone "had left her agent and, having no work, accepted a part for next to nothing." He cast her as the female lead in his directorial debut, "Five Guns West" (1955). At Warner Bros., Malone made a Western with Randolph Scott, "Tall Man Riding" (1955), then was cast as Liberace's love interest in the unsuccessful film "Sincerely Yours" (1955). More successful was the Paramount musical comedy "Artists and Models" (1955), a reunion with Martin and Lewis, where she played the love interest of Martin's character. She then returned to Westerns: "At Gunpoint" (1955), with MacMurray; "Tension at Table Rock" (1956), with Richard Egan; and "Pillars of the Sky" (1956) with Jeff Chandler.


title: Dorothy Malone

text: Malone transformed herself into a platinum blonde and shed her "good girl" image when she co-starred with Rock Hudson, Lauren Bacall, and Robert Stack in director Douglas Sirk's drama "Written on the Wind" (1956). Her portrayal of the dipso-nymphomaniac daughter of a Texas oil baron won her the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress.


title: Dorothy Malone

text: As a result, she was offered more substantial roles in such films as "Man of a Thousand Faces" (1957), a biopic of Lon Chaney with James Cagney and "Tip on a Dead Jockey" (1957) with Robert Taylor. "Quantez" (1957) was another "girl in a Western" part, supporting Fred MacMurray, but "The Tarnished Angels" (1957) reunited her successfully with Hudson, Sirk, Stack, and producer Albert Zugsmith. Malone was given the important role of Diana Barrymore in the biopic "Too Much, Too Soon" (1958), but the film was not a success. Malone appeared in "Warlock" (1959), but went back to guest starring on such television programs as "Cimarron City" ("A Respectable Girl" (1958) and "Alcoa Theatre" ("The Last Flight Out" (1960). Malone made a third film with Stack, "The Last Voyage" (1960), and a third with Hudson, "The Last Sunset" (1961).


title: Dorothy Malone

text: However, she was working more and more in television: "Route 66" ("Fly Away Home" (1961), "Checkmate" ("The Heat of Passion" (1961), "Death Valley Days" ("The Watch" 1961), "The Dick Powell Theatre" ("Open Season" 1961), "Dr Kildare" ("The Administrator" 1962), "General Electric Theatre" ("Little White Lie" 1961, "Somebody Please Help Me" 1962), "The Untouchables" with Stack ("The Floyd Gibbons Story" 1962), and "The Greatest Show on Earth" ("Where the Wire Ends" 1963). Malone was in the first "Beach Party" (1963) movie, doing most of her scenes with Robert Cummings. She made an uncredited cameo appearance in "Fate Is the Hunter" (1964).


title: Dorothy Malone

text: From 1964–1968, she played the lead role of Constance MacKenzie on the ABC primetime serial "Peyton Place" except for a brief stretch where she was absent due to surgery. Lola Albright filled in until her return. Malone agreed for $3,000 a week less than ABC's offer of $10,000 weekly, if she could be home nightly for 6 pm dinner with her two daughters and no shooting on weekends. "I never turned down a mother role", said Malone. "I like playing mothers. I started out as a very young girl in Hollywood doing Westerns, portraying a mother with a couple of kids."


title: Dorothy Malone

text: In 1968, she was written out of the show after complaining that she was given little to do. Malone sued 20th Century Fox for $1.6 million for breach of contract; it was settled out of court. She later returned to the role in the TV movies "Murder in Peyton Place" (1977) and "" (1985).


title: Dorothy Malone

text: After leaving "Peyton Place", Malone went to Italy to make a thriller "The Insatiables" (1969). In Hollywood, she made a TV movie with Sammy Davis Jr., "The Pigeon" (1969), then returned to guest-starring on TV series such as "" ("Is This Operation Necessary?", 1972), "Ironside" ("Confessions: From a Lady of the Night", 1973), and "Ellery Queen" ("The Adventure of the Eccentric Engineer" 1975).


title: Dorothy Malone

text: Malone had a supporting part in "Abduction" (1975). She featured in the miniseries "Rich Man, Poor Man" (1976) and guest-starred on "Police Woman" ("The Trick Book", 1976) and "The Streets of San Francisco" ("Child of Anger", 1977). She was in the TV movie "Murder in Peyton Place" (1977) and had a supporting role in "Golden Rendezvous" (1977).


title: Dorothy Malone

text: She was seen on television in "The Hardy Boys/Nancy Drew Mysteries" ("The House on Possessed Hill" 1978), "Flying High" ("A Hairy Yak Plays Musical Chairs Eagerly" 1978), "Vega$" ("Love, Laugh and Die" 1978), and the TV movie "" (1978).


title: Dorothy Malone

text: Malone was in the Canadian soap opera "High Hopes" (1978) and had supporting parts in "Good Luck, Miss Wyckoff" (1979), "Winter Kills" (1979), and "The Day Time Ended" (1980), and the miniseries "Condominium" (1980).


title: Dorothy Malone

text: In 1981, Malone made her stage debut in "Butterflies Are Free" in Winnipeg. She was suffering financial troubles at the time due to two expensive divorces and a life-threatening pulmonary embolism.


title: Dorothy Malone

text: The producers of "Dallas" approached her to step into the role of Miss Ellie Ewing when Barbara Bel Geddes vacated the part in 1984 due to illness, but Malone declined. Her later appearances included "The Littlest Hobo" ("Guardian Angel" 1982), "Matt Houston" ("Shark Bait" 1983), "The Being" (1983), "" (1985), and "Rest in Pieces" (1987).


title: Dorothy Malone

text: In her last screen appearance, she played a mother convicted of murdering her family in "Basic Instinct" (1992).


title: Dorothy Malone

text: Malone, a Roman Catholic, wed actor Jacques Bergerac on June 28, 1959, at a Catholic church in Hong Kong, where she was on location for her 1960 film "The Last Voyage". They had two daughters, Mimi (born 1960) and Diane (born 1962) and divorced on December 8, 1964.


title: Dorothy Malone

text: Malone then married New York businessman and broker Robert Tomarkin on April 3, 1969, at the Silver Bells Wedding Chapel in Las Vegas, Nevada. Her second marriage was later annulled after Malone claimed that Tomarkin married her because of her money.


title: Dorothy Malone

text: Malone married Dallas motel chain executive Charles Huston Bell on October 2, 1971, and they divorced after three years.


title: Dorothy Malone

text: Around 1971, Malone moved her daughters from Southern California to suburban Dallas, Texas, where she had been raised.


title: Dorothy Malone

text: Malone died of natural causes on January 19, 2018, 10 days before her 94th birthday, at a nursing facility in Dallas. She is entombed at Calvary Hill Cemetery and Mausoleum in Dallas.


title: Dorothy Malone

text: Malone has a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame at 1718 Vine in the Motion Pictures section. It was dedicated February 8, 1960.


title: Makemake

text: Makemake (minor-planet designation 136472 Makemake) is a dwarf planet and – depending on how they are defined – the second-largest Kuiper belt object in the classical population, with a diameter approximately 60% that of Pluto. It has one known satellite. Its extremely low average temperature, about , means its surface is covered with methane, ethane, and possibly nitrogen ices.


title: Makemake

text: Makemake was discovered on March 31, 2005 by a team led by Michael E. Brown, and announced on July 29, 2005. It was initially known as and later given the minor-planet number 136472. In July 2008, it was named after Makemake, a creator god in the Rapa Nui mythology of Easter Island, under the expectation by the International Astronomical Union (IAU) that it would prove to be a dwarf planet.


title: Makemake

text: Makemake was discovered on March 31, 2005, by a team at the Palomar Observatory, led by Michael E. Brown, and was announced to the public on July 29, 2005. The team had planned to delay announcing their discoveries of the bright objects Makemake and until further observations and calculations were complete, but announced them both on July 29 when the discovery of another large object they had been tracking, , was controversially announced on July 27 by a different team in Spain.


title: Makemake

text: The earliest known precovery observations of Makemake have been found in photographic plates of the Palomar Observatory's Digitized Sky Survey from January 29, 1955 to May 1, 1998.


title: Makemake

text: Despite its relative brightness (a fifth as bright as Pluto), Makemake was not discovered until after many much fainter Kuiper belt objects. Most searches for minor planets are conducted relatively close to the ecliptic (the region of the sky that the Sun, Moon and planets appear to lie in, as seen from Earth), due to the greater likelihood of finding objects there. It probably escaped detection during the earlier surveys due to its relatively high orbital inclination, and the fact that it was at its farthest distance from the ecliptic at the time of its discovery, in the northern constellation of Coma Berenices.


title: Makemake

text: Makemake is the brightest trans-Neptunian object after Pluto, with an apparent magnitude of 16.2 in late 1930, it is theoretically bright enough to have been discovered by Clyde Tombaugh, whose search for trans-Neptunian objects was sensitive to objects up to magnitude 17. Indeed, in 1934 Tombaugh reported that there were no other planets out to a magnitude of 16.5 and an inclination of 17 degrees, or of greater inclination but within 50 degrees of either node.


title: Makemake

text: And Makemake was there: At the time of Tombaugh's survey (1930–1943), Makemake varied from 5.5 to 13.2 degrees from the ecliptic, moving across Auriga, starting near the northwest corner of Taurus and cutting across a corner of Gemini. The starting position, however, was very close to the galactic anticenter, and Makemake would have been almost impossible to find against the dense background of stars. Tombaugh continued searching for thirteen years after his discovery of Pluto (and Makemake, though growing dimmer, was still magnitude 16.6 in early 1943, the last year of his search), but by then he was searching higher latitudes and did not find any more objects orbiting beyond Neptune.


title: Makemake

text: The provisional designation was given to Makemake when the discovery was made public. Before that, the discovery team used the codename "Easterbunny" for the object, because of its discovery shortly after Easter.


title: Makemake

text: In July 2008, in accordance with IAU rules for classical Kuiper belt objects, was given the name of a creator deity. The name of Makemake, the creator of humanity and god of fertility in the myths of the Rapa Nui, the native people of Easter Island, was chosen in part to preserve the object's connection with Easter.


title: Makemake

text: Planetary symbols are no longer much used in astronomy. A Makemake symbol () is included in Unicode as U+1F77C: it is mostly used by astrologers, but has also been used by NASA. The symbol was designed by Denis Moskowitz and John T. Whelan; it is a traditional petroglyph of Makemake's face stylized to resemble an 'M'. The commercial "Solar Fire" astrology software uses an alternative symbol (), a crossed variant of a symbol () created by astrologer Henry Seltzer for his commercial software.


title: Makemake

text: , Makemake was from the Sun, almost as far from the Sun as it ever reaches on its orbit. Makemake follows an orbit very similar to that of : highly inclined at 29° and a moderate eccentricity of about 0.16. But still, Makemake's orbit is slightly farther from the Sun in terms of both the semi-major axis and perihelion. Its orbital period is 306 years, more than Pluto's 248 years and Haumea's 283 years. Both Makemake and Haumea are currently far from the ecliptic (at an angular distance of almost 29°). Makemake will reach its aphelion in 2033, whereas Haumea passed its aphelion in early 1992.


title: Makemake

text: Makemake is a classical Kuiper belt object (KBO), which means its orbit lies far enough from Neptune to remain stable over the age of the Solar System. Unlike plutinos, which can cross Neptune's orbit due to their 2:3 resonance with the planet, the classical objects have perihelia further from the Sun, free from Neptune's perturbation. Such objects have relatively low eccentricities ("e" below 0.2) and orbit the Sun in much the same way the planets do. Makemake, however, is a member of the "dynamically hot" class of classical KBOs, meaning that it has a high inclination compared to others in its population. Makemake is, probably coincidentally, near the 13:7 resonance with Neptune.


title: Makemake

text: Makemake is currently visually the second-brightest Kuiper belt object after Pluto, having a March opposition apparent magnitude of 17.0 it will pass from its present constellation Coma Berenices to Boötes in December 2027. It is bright enough to be visible using a high-end amateur telescope.


title: Makemake

text: Combining the detection in infrared by the Spitzer Space Telescope and Herschel Space Telescope with the similarities of spectrum with Pluto yielded an estimated diameter from 1,360 to 1,480 km. From the 2011 stellar occultation by Makemake, its dimensions had initially been measured at . However, the occultation data was later reanalyzed, leading to an estimate of without a pole-orientation constraint. Makemake was the fourth dwarf planet recognized, because it has a bright V-band absolute magnitude of 0.05. Makemake has a highly reflective surface with a geometrical albedo of .


title: Makemake

text: The rotation period of Makemake is estimated at 22.83 hours. A rotation period of 7.77 hours published in 2009 later turned out to be an alias of the actual rotation period. The possibility of this had been mentioned in the 2009 study, and the data from that study agrees well with the 22.83-hour period. This rotation period is relatively long for a dwarf planet. Part of this may be due to tidal acceleration from Makemake's satellite. It has been suggested that a second large, undiscovered satellite might better explain the dwarf planet's unusually long rotation.


title: Makemake

text: Makemake's lightcurve amplitude is small, only 0.03 "mag". This was thought to be due to Makemake currently being viewed pole on from Earth; however, S/2015 (136472) 1's orbital plane (which is probably orbiting with little inclination relative to Makemake's equator due to tidal effects) is edge-on from Earth, implying that Makemake is really being viewed equator-on.


title: Makemake

text: Like Pluto, Makemake appears red in the visible spectrum, and significantly redder than the surface of Eris (see colour comparison of TNOs). The near-infrared spectrum is marked by the presence of the broad methane (CH) absorption bands. Methane is observed also on Pluto and Eris, but its spectral signature is much weaker.


title: Makemake

text: Spectral analysis of Makemake's surface revealed that methane must be present in the form of large grains at least one centimetre in size. In addition to methane, large amounts of ethane and tholins as well as smaller amounts of ethylene, acetylene and high-mass alkanes (like propane) may be present, most likely created by photolysis of methane by solar radiation. The tholins are probably responsible for the red color of the visible spectrum. Although evidence exists for the presence of nitrogen ice on its surface, at least mixed with other ices, there is nowhere near the same level of nitrogen as on Pluto and Triton, where it composes more than 98 percent of the crust. The relative lack of nitrogen ice suggests that its supply of nitrogen has somehow been depleted over the age of the Solar System.


title: Makemake

text: The far-infrared (24–70 μm) and submillimeter (70–500 μm) photometry performed by Spitzer and Herschel telescopes revealed that the surface of Makemake is not homogeneous. Although the majority of it is covered by nitrogen and methane ices, where the albedo ranges from 78 to 90%, there are small patches of dark terrain whose albedo is only 2 to 12%, and that make up 3 to 7% of the surface. These studies were made before S/2015 (136472) 1 was discovered; thus, these small dark patches may actually have been the dark surface of the satellite rather than any actual surface features on Makemake.


title: Makemake

text: However, some experiments have refuted these studies. Spectroscopic studies, collected from 2005 to 2008 using the William Herschel Telescope (La Palma, Spain) were analyzed together with other spectra in the literature, as of 2014. They show some degree of variation in the spectral slope, which would be associated with different abundance of the complex organic materials, byproduct of the irradiation of the ices present on the surface of Makemake. However, the relative ratio of the two dominant icy species, methane and nitrogen, remains quite stable on the surface revealing a low degree of inhomogeneity in the ice component. These results have been recently confirmed when the Telescopio Nazionale Galileo acquired new visible and near infra-red spectra for Makemake, between 2006 and 2013, that covered nearly 80% of its surface; this study found that the variation in the spectra were negligible, suggesting that Makemake's surface may indeed be homogenous. Based on optical observations conducted between 2006 and 2017, Hromakina "et al." concluded that Makemake's lightcurve was likely due to heterogeneities across its surface, but that the variations (of the order of 3%) were too small to have been detected spectroscopically.


title: Makemake

text: Makemake was expected to have an atmosphere similar to that of Pluto but with a lower surface pressure. However, on 23 April 2011 Makemake passed in front of an 18th-magnitude star and abruptly blocked its light. The results showed that Makemake presently lacks a substantial atmosphere and placed an upper limit of 4–12 nanobar on the pressure at its surface.


title: Makemake

text: The presence of methane and possibly nitrogen suggests that Makemake could have a transient atmosphere similar to that of Pluto near its perihelion. Nitrogen, if present, will be the dominant component of it. The existence of an atmosphere also provides a natural explanation for the nitrogen depletion: because the gravity of Makemake is weaker than that of Pluto, Eris and Triton, a large amount of nitrogen was probably lost via atmospheric escape; methane is lighter than nitrogen, but has significantly lower vapor pressure at temperatures prevalent at the surface of Makemake (32–36 K), which hinders its escape; the result of this process is a higher relative abundance of methane. However, studies of Pluto's atmosphere by "New Horizons" suggest that methane, not nitrogen, is the dominant escaping gas, suggesting that the reasons for Makemake's absence of nitrogen may be more complicated.


title: Makemake

text: Makemake has a single discovered moon, S/2015 (136472) 1 and nicknamed MK2. It was seen 21,000 km (13,000 mi) from the dwarf planet, and its diameter is estimated at (for an assumed albedo of 4%).


title: Makemake

text: Makemake was observed from afar by the "New Horizons" spacecraft in October 2007 and January 2017, from distances of 52 AU and 70 AU, respectively. The spacecraft's outbound trajectory permitted observations of Makemake at high phase angles that are otherwise unobtainable from Earth, enabling the determination of the light scattering properties and phase curve behavior of Makemake's surface.


title: Makemake

text: It has been calculated that a flyby mission to Makemake could take just over 16 years using a Jupiter gravity assist, based on a launch date of 21 August 2024 or 24 August 2036. Makemake would be approximately 52 AU from the Sun when the spacecraft arrives.


title: Friends (season 10)

text: The tenth and final season of "Friends", an American sitcom created by David Crane and Marta Kauffman, premiered on NBC on September 25, 2003. "Friends" was produced by Bright/Kauffman/Crane Productions, in association with Warner Bros. Television. The season contains 17 episodes (with 5 double-length episodes, including the premiere and finale) and concluded airing on May 6, 2004.


title: Friends (season 10)

text: The season premiere opens in Barbados, where the season 9 finale ended: Joey sees Ross, his best friend, and Charlie, his ex-girlfriend, kissing in the hotel lobby, then goes to Rachel's room, where the two of them also kiss. However, before going further, they decide to seek Ross' approval, but Ross finds them kissing, back in Manhattan, before they can approach him. Ross tries to hide his hurt, to no avail. Joey eventually talks to Ross about the situation and Ross seems to give his blessings. After several obstacles prevent Joey and Rachel from consummating their relationship (including Joey unable to untie Rachel's bra and Rachel accidentally kneeing Joey in the crotch), they decide to remain platonic. By the sixth episode, Ross is single again when Charlie reunites with her ex-boyfriend.


title: Friends (season 10)

text: Mike proposes to Phoebe and they marry mid-season. Monica and Chandler decide to adopt a child, after discovering they are infertile. They are eventually paired with a young, expecting mother named Erica (Anna Faris) and buy a house in Westchester county. Rachel is scouted for a fashion buyer job with Gucci, but her current boss (Mr. Zelner) is seated at the next table, in the restaurant where she is being interviewed. She is fired by Ralph Lauren and rejected by Gucci, which leaves her unemployed. While cleaning out her office at Ralph Lauren, she runs into Mark, her former "Bloomingdale's" colleague (from Season 3), who offers her a job with Louis Vuitton in Paris. Ross, unaware and still in love with her, secures her job at Ralph Lauren, even convincing her former boss to increase her salary. However, Rachel chooses Louis Vuitton and Paris. Saying her goodbyes to everyone, Rachel goes to Ross' apartment last, where they spend the night together. Expecting Rachel to now cancel her plans for Paris, he is devastated when she does not.


title: Friends (season 10)

text: In the season's (and series') final episode, Joey and Phoebe help pack up Monica and Chandler's belongings, while Erica delivers; to their surprise, she has twins, a boy (Jack) and a girl (Erica). Rachel leaves Ross' apartment. Gunther declares his love for Rachel (at Central Perk). Rachel has to leave for the airport, immediately after meeting the twins.


title: Friends (season 10)

text: While Joey, Monica and Chandler finish packing, Phoebe and Ross leave in her cab to catch Rachel at the airport, but they end up at JFK, the wrong airport. Meanwhile, Joey, Chandler and Monica disassemble the foosball table to remove a baby chick and duckling.


title: Friends (season 10)

text: Phoebe's cell phone call to Rachel results in a chaotically absurd "phalange" panic and delay in the departure. They catch Rachel at the gate before she boards, but despite Ross' pleas, Rachel still boards. Ross returns home only to find an answering-machine message from Rachel declaring her love, but she is prevented by a flight attendant from leaving the plane, and her call is disconnected partway through. Ross is frantic until Rachel enters his apartment, saying "I got off the plane". They kiss and declare their love for each other. The last scene of the series is everyone putting their keys on the counter in Monica's apartment. When Rachel asks if they have time for one last coffee, Chandler jokingly replies, "Where?" Jefferson Airplane's Embryonic Journey plays as the camera pans across the empty apartment, before landing on the purple front door. The show then fades to black. The tag scene pans around New York.


title: Friends (season 10)

text: Collider ranked it #6 on their ranking of the ten "Friends" seasons, and picked "The Last One" as its highlight. The final episode was watched by over 52.46 million people and is the 4th most watched episode in TV history.


title: Interstate 10

text: Interstate 10 (I-10) is the southernmost cross-country highway in the American Interstate Highway System. I-10 is the fourth-longest Interstate in the United States at , following I-90, I-80, and I-40. This freeway is part of the originally planned network that was laid out in 1956, and its last section was completed in 1990.


title: Interstate 10

text: I-10 stretches from the Pacific Ocean at State Route 1 (SR 1, Pacific Coast Highway) in Santa Monica, California, to I-95 in Jacksonville, Florida. Major cities connected by I-10 include (from west to east) Los Angeles, Phoenix, Tucson, Las Cruces, El Paso, San Antonio, Houston, Baton Rouge, New Orleans, Gulfport, Mobile, Pensacola, Tallahassee, and Jacksonville. Over one third of its total length is within the state of Texas, where the freeway spans the state at its widest breadth.


title: Interstate 10

text: Between its west terminus in Santa Monica, California, and the major East Los Angeles Interchange, I-10 is known as the Santa Monica Freeway. The Santa Monica Freeway is also called the Rosa Parks Freeway for the segment beginning at I-405 (the San Diego Freeway), and ending at I-110/SR 110 (the Harbor Freeway). The segment between the East Los Angeles Interchange and the city of San Bernardino, long, is called the San Bernardino Freeway. Other names exist for I-10. For example, a sign near the western terminus of the highway in Santa Monica proclaims this highway the Christopher Columbus Transcontinental Highway.


title: Interstate 10

text: I-10 is known to a considerably lesser degree as the Veterans Memorial Highway, and it is listed as a Blue Star Memorial Highway. In Palm Springs, I-10 is also named the Sonny Bono Memorial Freeway as a tribute to the late entertainer who served both as the mayor of Palm Springs, and as a U.S. Congressman. Another stretch a short distance east in Indio is proclaimed the Doctor June McCarroll Memorial Freeway.


title: Interstate 10

text: In Arizona, the highway is designated the Pearl Harbor Memorial Highway. The portion through Phoenix is named the Papago Freeway, and it is a vital piece of the metropolitan Phoenix freeway system. This designation starts at Loop 101, near 99th Avenue, and it continues eastward to the interchange southeast of downtown which is the terminus of I-17.


title: Interstate 10

text: Near Buckeye, the freeway has mile markers posted every from 112.2 to 110.8 with the interstate shield and direction of travel posted on the westbound lanes. On the eastbound lanes, mile markers from 110.8 to 112.2 do not include the I‑10 shield and direction of travel.


title: Interstate 10

text: From the southern terminus of I-17 to the southernmost junction with Loop 202, the highway is signed as the Maricopa Freeway. This name holds true as well for I-17 from its southern terminus to the Durango Curve south of Buckeye Road. From Loop 202 south to the eastern terminus of I-8 just southeast of Casa Grande, the highway is declared the Pearl Harbor Memorial Highway. The Arizona Department of Transportation also has maps that show it as the Maricopa Freeway, while the American Automobile Association and other sources show it as the Pima Freeway. The latter's name is used on a stretch of Loop 101 from Loop 202 to I-17.


title: Interstate 10

text: Between I-17 in Phoenix and the I-19 interchanges in Tucson, I-10 is included in the federally designated CANAMEX Corridor, extending from Mexico City to Edmonton, Alberta.


title: Interstate 10

text: In Tucson, between I-10 mileposts 259 and 260 are interchange ramps connecting I-10 with the northern terminus of I-19.


title: Interstate 10

text: The highest elevation along I-10 occurs just east of Tucson, west of Willcox, at the mile marker 320 exit for the rest stop. The westbound lanes of I-10 briefly cross above above sea level.


title: Interstate 10

text: In New Mexico, I-10 more or less follows the former path of U.S. Route 80 (US 80) across the state, although major portions of old US 80 were bypassed in Western New Mexico's Bootheel and in Doña Ana County. I-10 passes through three Southern New Mexico municipalities of regional significance before the junction with I-25: Lordsburg, Deming, and Las Cruces. Most of I-10 in New Mexico, between Exit 24 and Exit 135, is concurrent with US 70.


title: Interstate 10

text: At Lordsburg is the western junction of US 70 and a concurrency; the two highways are joined all the way to Las Cruces. Several exits between Lordsburg and Deming are either for former towns (including Separ, Quincy, and Gage) or lack any town at all.


title: Interstate 10

text: At Deming is the western junction of US 180, which also forms a concurrency with I-10 all the way to El Paso. north of Deming on US 180 is New Mexico State Road 26 (NM 26) which serves as a short cut to north I-25 and Albuquerque.


title: Interstate 10

text: I-10/US 70/US 180 continue east to Las Cruces which is the southern end of I-25. US 70 leaves I-10 (prior to the junction with I-25), heading northeast to Alamogordo, passing through the north side of Las Cruces. The junction with I-25 occurs just south of the New Mexico State University campus, on the southern end of Las Cruces. I-10/US 180 becomes concurrent with US 85 at the junction with I-25. I-10/US 85/US 180 then turns south to the Texas state line, crossing it at Anthony.


title: Interstate 10

text: From the state line with New Mexico (at Anthony) to State Highway 20 (SH 20) in west El Paso, I-10 is bordered by frontage roads South Desert for lanes along I-10 East (actually headed south) and North Desert for lanes along I-10 West (headed north). The interstate then has no frontage roads for but regains them east of downtown and retains them to Clint. In this stretch, the frontage roads are Gateway East for the eastbound lanes and Gateway West for the westbound lanes. All four frontage roads are one-way streets. Gateway East and Gateway West are notable, in particular, for TxDOT's liberal usage of the Texas U-turn at most underpasses of I-10 on this stretch.


title: Interstate 10

text: I-10 is the western terminus for I-20, and the two highways intersect at Scroggins Draw, about Southwest of Pecos, at mile marker 186.


title: Interstate 10

text: A small portion of I-10 from Loop 1604 to Downtown San Antonio is known as the Northwest Expressway or the McDermott Freeway, while another portion from downtown to Loop 1604 East is called East Expressway or José López Freeway. In Downtown San Antonio, it has a concurrency with I-35, and, throughout most of the northwest side of the city, it has a concurrency with US 87, which begins in Comfort, before turning off and heading east out of the city. Starting in San Antonio, it follows a more direct route of US 90, with occasional small concurrences.


title: Interstate 10

text: In Houston, from the western suburb of Katy to downtown, I-10 is commonly known as the Katy Freeway. This section has as many as 26 lanes (12 mainlanes, eight lanes of access roads, and six mid-freeway HOT/HOV lanes, not counting access road turning lanes) and is one of the widest freeways in the world. The space for the expansion was the right-of-way of the old Missouri–Kansas–Texas Railroad. The section east of downtown Houston is officially known as the East Freeway, although it is widely known by locals as the Baytown East Freeway due to a marketing push by Baytown, one of the largest cities in the Greater Houston Area.


title: Interstate 10

text: In Beaumont, it is known as I-10 South, south of Calder Avenue, and I-10 North, north of Calder Avenue. It is known as I-10 East from the I-10 curve to the Neches River, which is Beaumont's and Jefferson County's eastern boundary line. Continuing into Orange County and passing through the city of Orange at the easternmost end of Texas, and located at the base of the Sabine River Bridge is the last I-10 mile marker in Texas, number 880, before entering into Louisiana. Approximately 36% of I-10's entire route is located within Texas; the longest segment of any signed Interstate within one state.


title: Interstate 10

text: In Lake Charles, Louisiana, a loop route signed as I-210 branches off of I-10 and goes through the southern portion of the city. In Lafayette, it serves as the southern terminus for I-49. Shortly afterwards, there is an stretch of elevated highway between Lafayette and Baton Rouge known as the Atchafalaya Swamp Freeway, as it goes over the Atchafalaya River, across the Atchafalaya Basin Bridge, and the adjacent swamps. It crosses the Mississippi River at the Horace Wilkinson Bridge in Baton Rouge, where the eastbound lanes are the only portion of I-10 that is essentially one lane. After crossing the Horace Wilkinson bridge, two lanes from I-110 South merge with two lanes I-10 East into three lanes with one of the eastbound lanes quickly becoming an exit only lane. After this, the highway is back to four lanes approaching the I-10/I-12 split. I-12 links Baton Rouge to Slidell and bypasses I-10's southward jog through New Orleans by remaining north of Lake Pontchartrain. On this route I-10 serves as the southern terminus for I-55 in LaPlace, and crosses over a portion of Lake Pontchartrain on the Bonnet Carré Spillway Bridge. In New Orleans, a stretch of I-10 from the I-10/I-610 Junction near the Orleans-Jefferson parish line to the US 90/U.S. Route 90 Business (US 90 Bus) Junction is known as the "Pontchartrain Expressway". A dip near the I-10/I-610 Junction to travel under a railroad track is one of the lowest points in New Orleans, and is highly susceptible to flooding. Buildups of rainwater dozens of feet deep (several meters) are commonplace during hurricanes. Near Slidell, I-10 serves as the eastern terminus of I-12 and the southern terminus of I-59; turning east to the Mississippi state line. The highway is known as the Stephen Ambrose Memorial Highway until the state line.


title: Interstate 10

text: I-310 and I-510 are the built sections of what was slated to be I-410, which would have acted as a southern bypass of New Orleans. They function as spur routes serving lower density or suburban areas west and east of New Orleans respectively. I-610 is a shortcut from the eastern to western portion of New Orleans avoiding I-10's detour into New Orleans' Central Business District.


title: Interstate 10

text: I-10 in Mississippi runs from the Louisiana state line to the Alabama state line through Hancock, Harrison, and Jackson counties on the Gulf Coast. It passes through the northern sections of Gulfport and Biloxi while passing just north of Pascagoula and Bay St. Louis. It also passes right south of the NASA Stennis Space Center. The highway roughly parallels US 90.


title: Interstate 10

text: I-10 crosses over the border from Jackson County, Mississippi, and it goes through Mobile County in southwestern Alabama. In Mobile, I-10 is the southern terminus of I-65. In downtown Mobile, I-10 goes through one of the few highway tunnels in Alabama, the George Wallace Tunnel under the Mobile River.


title: Interstate 10

text: The speed limit of the eastbound approach is posted at because of the sharp downward curve approaching the tunnel. The highway then crosses approximately of the upper part of Mobile Bay on the Jubilee Parkway, a bridge that local people call the "Bayway". The highway is next to Battleship Parkway. On the other side of Mobile Bay, the highway goes through the suburban area of Baldwin County before passing through Malbis, Loxley, and then on to the Perdido River to cross over into Florida.


title: Interstate 10

text: I-10 travels north of the cities of Pensacola and Tallahassee, serving the suburban areas within each respective city. In the former, a 6-mile (10.2 km) spur route serves the Downtown area, signed as I-110. Most of I-10 in Florida travels through some of the least-populated areas in the state, with large portions of I-10 west of I-295 in Jacksonville having only four lanes.


title: Interstate 10

text: In Jacksonville, as in Arizona, I-10 is designated as the Pearl Harbor Memorial Highway. The route ends at an interchange with I-95 southeast of Downtown Jacksonville. Throughout much of Florida, I-10 is also State Road 8 (SR 8), though it is not signed as such. (I-110 in Pensacola being known as SR 8A.)


title: Interstate 10

text: While the highway has existed as far back as 1957, the last section of the entire route to be completed was a section of the Papago Freeway from both I-17 interchanges (including the Deck Park Tunnel) in Phoenix, which opened in 1990.


title: Interstate 10

text: Many widening projects have taken place on the interstate in the late 2000s. In Pensacola, Florida, a stretch of I-10 was widened to six lanes in 2008. In Tallahassee, Florida, construction was completed in June 2009 on a project to widen a roughly stretch of I-10 to six lanes (eight in some places). In Tucson, Arizona, all exits between Prince Road and 22nd Street reopened after an extensive, three-year improvement project. I-10 was widened from six to eight lanes, and seven bridges and underpasses have been built to deal with congestion. I-10 from the I-8 interchange in Casa Grande to Marana was widened from four to six lanes from the second half of 2007, to its completion in 2009. Also in Arizona, from Verrado Way in Buckeye all the way to Avondale, the interstate was widened throughout the late 2000s and early 2010s, with an HOV lane added between Estrella Parkway in Goodyear and Loop 101.


title: Interstate 10

text: Texas formerly shared the highest speed limit in the nation with Utah's test section of I-15. The speed limit along I-10 from Kerr County to El Paso County was raised by the Texas Legislature to in 1999 and to in 2006. However, the nighttime maximum speed limit remained , and the daytime truck speed limit was . With of highway in Texas, the stretch of I-10, and of I-20, between Monahans and the I-10 interchange at the cusp of the Davis Mountains, only a small percentage of roads were affected. On September 1, 2011, night-time speed limits were eliminated, and the statutory maximum speed limit in Texas was increased from .


title: Interstate 10

text: As far back as the 1990s, Florida and Alabama have considered a connector that would link Dothan, Alabama, with I-10. In 2008, a proposal to make this new highway a toll road and to expedite its construction to complete it in five years surfaced. In 2012, federal funds previously set aside for the connector were allocated to other projects. In 2014, Florida sought bids for a feasibility study.


title: Interstate 10

text: Between August 27 and September 10, 2015, 10 out of 11 Phoenix freeway shootings occurred on I-10. The last incident, on September 10, took place on Loop 202.


title: Interstate 10

text: In March 2019, the two members of Liverpool indie pop duo Her's died alongside their tour manager after a head-on collision on I-10 near Salome, Arizona.


title: Obi Toppin

text: Obadiah Richard Toppin Jr. (born March 4, 1998) is an American professional basketball player for the New York Knicks of National Basketball Association (NBA). A power forward, he played college basketball for the Dayton Flyers.


title: Obi Toppin

text: A native of New York City, Toppin was born in the borough of Brooklyn, and graduated from Ossining High School in New York. After receiving no NCAA Division I offers, he played a postgraduate season at Mt. Zion Preparatory School in Maryland. As a freshman with the Dayton Flyers, Toppin was named Atlantic 10 Rookie of the Year after leading his team in scoring. He had breakout success in his sophomore season, earning Atlantic 10 Player of the Year and National College Player of the Year honors.


title: Obi Toppin

text: After his sophomore college season, Toppin declared for the 2020 NBA draft where he was selected with the eighth overall pick by the New York Knicks. Toppin was the winner of the 2022 NBA Slam Dunk Contest after being runner-up in the year prior.


title: Obi Toppin

text: Toppin was born in Brooklyn in New York City and originally grew up in the neighborhood of Bushwick before moving to Melbourne, Florida. He attended Heritage High School in Palm Bay as a freshman before transferring to Melbourne Central Catholic High School the next year. Toppin, his mother and younger brother relocated to Ossining, New York and he enrolled at Ossining High School going into his junior year.


title: Obi Toppin

text: He averaged 20.6 points, 8.1 rebounds, 3 assists and 3 steals as a senior during his only year playing varsity at Ossining and led the team to its first conference title in 10 years. Having received no NCAA Division I offers, Toppin opted to enroll at Mt. Zion Preparatory School in Baltimore, Maryland for a postgraduate year. He averaged 17 points, eight rebounds and four assists and also grew four inches to . He committed to play college basketball at the University of Dayton over offers from Rhode Island, Georgetown, Georgia, Texas A&M, Minnesota and Texas Tech.


title: Obi Toppin

text: Toppin redshirted his true freshman season after being ruled academically ineligible to play. As a red-shirt freshman, Toppin led the Flyers with 14.4 points per game while averaging 5.6 rebounds per game and was named the Atlantic 10 Conference Rookie of the Week seven times. At the end of the season, Toppin was named the Atlantic 10 Rookie of the Year and to the first team All-Atlantic 10, the first freshman to do so since Lamar Odom in 1999. Following the end of the season he declared for the 2019 NBA draft, but did not hire an agent. After working out for several NBA teams, Toppin opted to withdraw from the draft and return to Dayton.


title: Obi Toppin

text: Entering his red-shirt sophomore season, Toppin was named to the preseason first team All-Atlantic 10 and to the Karl Malone, Lute Olson, and Naismith Award watch lists. Toppin was also named the 44th-best collegiate basketball player going into the 2019–20 season by CBS Sports and the 24th-best prospect for the 2020 NBA draft by ESPN. He was named the Atlantic 10 Player of the Week for the first week of the season after scoring a career-high 29 points with 12 rebounds in the Flyers' season opening 86–81 win over Indiana State. In late November 2019, Toppin led Dayton to second place at the 2019 Maui Invitational Tournament, averaging 22.3 points, 7.0 rebounds, 2.3 assists and 1.3 blocks over three games. He subsequently repeated as Atlantic 10 Player of the Week and was recognized as National Player of the Week by NBC Sports. On December 30, Toppin scored a career-high 31 points in a 77–59 win over North Florida, including a school-record 10 dunks. He was named to the midseason watchlist for the Wooden Award and was named the Midseason Player of the Year by The Athletic.


title: Obi Toppin

text: Toppin sprained his left ankle during a win against UMass on January 11, 2020, but did not miss a game, scoring 24 points in Dayton's next game against VCU in spite of his injury. Toppin scored his 1,000th career point on February 22, 2020 during a 28-point performance in an 80–70 win over Duquesne. At the end of the regular season Toppin was named to the first team All-Atlantic 10 and the Atlantic 10 Conference Men's Basketball Player of the Year after averaging 20 points, 7.5 rebounds and 1.2 blocks per game with a .633 field goal percentage. Toppin was a consensus first team All-American selection, won the Karl Malone Award as the nation's top power forward, and was the consensus National Player of the Year after being named the Associated Press College Basketball Player of the Year, NABC Player of the Year, Naismith College Player of the Year, and awarded the Oscar Robertson Trophy and the John R. Wooden Award. He also garnered national player of the year honors from CBS Sports, The Athletic, NBC Sports and USA Today. After the season, Toppin announced that he would be forgoing his final two seasons of eligibility to enter the 2020 NBA draft. Toppin finished his college career with 1,096 points scored and a school-record 190 dunks.


title: Obi Toppin

text: On November 18, 2020, Toppin was selected with the eighth overall pick in the 2020 NBA draft by the New York Knicks. On November 23, Toppin signed a rookie scale contract with the Knicks. On December 23, Toppin made his NBA debut, putting up nine points, three rebounds, and two blocks in 24 minutes, in a 121–107 loss to the Indiana Pacers. Toppin missed 10 games due to injury sustained in his NBA debut, and returned on January 13, 2021 in a 116–109 loss to the Brooklyn Nets. He was invited to participate in the 2021 NBA Dunk Contest and finished in 2nd place. Toppin was the winner of the 2022 NBA Slam Dunk Contest the following season.


title: Obi Toppin

text: On April 8, 2022, Toppin recorded a then career-high 35 points in a 114–92 win over the Washington Wizards. On April 10, Toppin recorded a career-high 42 points in a 105–94 win over the Toronto Raptors.


title: Obi Toppin

text: Toppin's father, also named Obadiah, is of Barbadian descent and was a well-known streetball player in Brooklyn. He played basketball collegiately at Globe Institute of Technology and professionally for the Brooklyn Kings of the United States Basketball League, the Harlem Strong Dogs of the American Basketball Association and in the Dominican Republic. His father was also known as "Dunker's Delight" while playing for a streetball team called the Court Kingz. His brother, Jacob, plays college basketball for Kentucky after transferring from Rhode Island.


title: Ursula and Sabina Eriksson

text: Ursula Eriksson and Sabina Eriksson (born 3 November 1967) are Swedish twin sisters who came to national attention in the United Kingdom in May 2008. The twins had been in Ireland before travelling to the UK and boarding a bus for London in Liverpool. Their odd behaviour after exiting the bus at a service station on the M6 motorway caused the driver not to allow them back on board. The two were later seen on the central reservation of the M6 motorway. When Highways England traffic officers arrived to assist the women, they ran across the busy motorway, as captured by a small television crew. Ursula managed to dodge traffic, but Sabina was knocked over. Shortly after police arrived, the women again dashed onto the motorway and were struck by oncoming vehicles. Ursula suffered serious injuries, and when Sabina regained consciousness, she refused medical aid and attacked a police officer, at which point she was arrested and sedated.


title: Ursula and Sabina Eriksson

text: Appearing calm, though behaving unusually, Sabina was processed by police in Stoke-on-Trent and was later released from custody. Shortly afterwards, she was seen and taken in by Glenn Hollinshead, of Fenton, Staffordshire, whom she suddenly stabbed to death the next day. Sabina was then pursued running from the scene and arrested in hospital after jumping from a bridge onto a busy trunk road. Despite these incidents, there was no evidence that drugs or alcohol were involved in the incidents on the M6 or the killing of Hollinshead. Sabina later pleaded guilty to manslaughter with diminished responsibility, after an apparent episode of "folie à deux" (or "shared psychosis"), a rare psychiatric disorder in which delusional beliefs are transmitted from one individual to another. Ursula was released from the hospital after recovering, but Sabina was sentenced to five years imprisonment and released on parole in 2011 before returning to Sweden.


title: Ursula and Sabina Eriksson

text: Sabina Eriksson and her identical twin sister, Ursula Eriksson, were born in Sweden on 3 November 1967, and grew up in Sunne, Värmland, with an older sister named Mona and an older brother named Björn. In their youth there was no apparent history of mental health issues or criminal convictions, and by 2000, Ursula was living in the United States while Sabina was living in Mallow, County Cork, Ireland with her spouse and two children.


title: Ursula and Sabina Eriksson

text: Ursula visited Sabina on Friday 16 May 2008, but for reasons that were unclear, the sisters secretly departed Sabina's home for Liverpool, England. Probably travelling by ferry, they arrived in Liverpool at 8:30am on Saturday, and went to St Anne Street Police Station, apparently in order to report concerns over the safety of Sabina's children. Liverpool Police contacted Dublin to follow up the request, learning that Sabina had had a fight with her partner the previous night. At around 11:30am that morning, the pair then boarded a National Express coach headed to London.


title: Ursula and Sabina Eriksson

text: A police report stated that the twins suddenly disembarked from the bus at Keele services, a motorway service station, as they were not feeling well. The driver of the bus, however, said he left them at Keele services, even though it was not a scheduled rest stop, at around 1:00pm after becoming suspicious of their erratic behaviour. He noticed the twins clinging to their bags tightly and did not let them re-board because they refused to let him search their bags for illegal items. The manager of the service station was informed and, also feeling suspicious of the pair's demeanour, movements, and fixation on their bags, she called the police. Officers arrived to talk to them but left after saying that the women seemed harmless.


title: Ursula and Sabina Eriksson

text: As seen on closed-circuit television cameras, the pair departed the services on foot and began to walk down the central reservation of the M6 before attempting to cross it, causing chaos to the traffic and picking up minor injuries in the attempt – Sabina having been struck by a SEAT León. Their elder brother claimed in a Swedish newspaper that his sisters were fleeing from maniacs who were chasing them. Highways Agency officers responded to the incident, and police from the Central Motorway Police Group were called to assist. The police were accompanied by a small television crew who happened to be filming "Motorway Cops" with the officers. Standing on the north direction hard shoulder of the motorway, the police were being apprised of the situation when, without warning, Ursula broke free and ran into the side of an oncoming Mercedes-Benz Actros 2546 articulated lorry travelling at around 56 mph (90 km/h). Sabina then quickly followed her into the road and was hit head-on by a Volkswagen Polo travelling at high speed.


title: Ursula and Sabina Eriksson

text: Both survived. Ursula was immobilised as the lorry had crushed her legs, and Sabina spent fifteen minutes unconscious. The pair were treated by paramedics; however, Ursula resisted medical aid by spitting, scratching, and screaming. Ursula told the policemen restraining her, "I recognise you – I know you're not real", and Sabina, now conscious, shouted "They're going to steal your organs". To the surprise of the police, Sabina got to her feet, despite attempts to persuade her to stay on the ground. Sabina started screaming for help and calling for the police even though they were present, then hit an officer in the face, before running into traffic on the other side of the motorway. Emergency workers and several members of the public caught up with her, restrained, and carried her to a waiting ambulance, at which point she was handcuffed and sedated. Given the similarities in their behaviours, a suicide pact or drug use was quickly suspected.


title: Ursula and Sabina Eriksson

text: Ursula was taken to hospital by air ambulance. Sabina was taken to hospital where, despite her ordeal and an apparent lack of concern over her sister's injuries, she soon became calmer and controlled, and was released five hours later. In police custody she remained relaxed, and while being processed, she told an officer, "We say in Sweden that an accident rarely comes alone. Usually at least one more follows – maybe two." On 19 May 2008, Sabina was released from court without a full psychiatric evaluation having pleaded guilty to the charges of trespass on the motorway and hitting a police officer. The court sentenced her to one day in custody which she had been deemed to have served having spent a full night in police custody.


title: Ursula and Sabina Eriksson

text: Leaving court, Sabina began to wander the streets of Stoke-on-Trent, trying to locate her sister in hospital, and carrying her possessions in a clear plastic bag given to her by police. She was also wearing her sister's green top. At 7:00 pm, two local men spotted Sabina while walking their dog on Christchurch Street, Fenton. One of the men was 54-year-old Glenn Hollinshead, a self-employed welder, qualified paramedic, and former RAF airman, and the other was his friend, Peter Molloy. Sabina appeared friendly and stroked the dog as the three struck up a conversation. Although friendly, Sabina appeared to be behaving nervously, which worried Molloy. Sabina asked the two men for directions to any nearby bed and breakfasts or hotels.


title: Ursula and Sabina Eriksson

text: Hollinshead took pity on her and instead offered to take her back to his house at nearby Duke Street. Sabina accepted and relaxed as she began to relate how she was trying to locate her hospitalised sister. Back at the house, over drinks, her odd behaviour continued as she constantly got up and looked out of the window, leading Molloy to assume that she had run away from an abusive partner. She appeared paranoid too, offering the men cigarettes, only to quickly snatch them out of their mouths, claiming they may be poisoned. Shortly before midnight, Molloy left and Sabina stayed the night.


title: Ursula and Sabina Eriksson

text: The next day around midday, Hollinshead called his brother regarding local hospitals in order to locate Sabina's sister Ursula. At 7:40pm, while a meal was being prepared, Hollinshead left the house to ask a neighbour for tea bags and then went back inside. One minute later he staggered back outside, now bleeding, and told him "She stabbed me", before collapsing to the ground and quickly dying from his injuries. His last words before he died, allegedly, were, "Look after my dog for me."


title: Ursula and Sabina Eriksson

text: As the neighbour dialled 999, Sabina fled the premises, and was caught on the run by nearby CCTV. She ran out of the house with a hammer, periodically hitting herself over the head with it. A passing motorist saw this and decided to tackle her in an attempt to take control of the hammer. While wrestling with him, Sabina screamed and took a roof tile out of her pocket and struck him on the back of the head with it, stunning him temporarily. By this time paramedics had found her and gave chase. The pursuit ended at Heron Cross when Sabina jumped from a 12-metre (40 ft) high bridge onto the A50. Breaking both ankles and fracturing her skull in the fall, she was taken to hospital.


title: Ursula and Sabina Eriksson

text: On 6 June 2008 Sabina was arrested while recovering at University Hospital of North Staffordshire, and was discharged in a wheelchair on 11 September 2008, at which point she was taken into custody and charged with murder the same day. Ursula was also released from hospital in September, and relocated uneventfully back to Sweden, and then the US. The trial was scheduled for February 2009, but was adjourned after the court encountered difficulties in obtaining her medical records from Sweden. The trial was then scheduled to start on 1 September 2009.


title: Ursula and Sabina Eriksson

text: Sabina pleaded guilty to manslaughter with diminished responsibility on 2 September 2009, having stabbed her victim five times with a kitchen knife. At no point during her interrogation or during the trial did she explain her actions, only replying "no comment" to extensive police questioning. Similarly, at no time was the video from the M6 used in evidence in the court. Both the prosecution and defence claimed that Sabina was insane at the time of the killing, although she had become sane again by the time of her trial. The defence counsel in the trial claimed that Eriksson was a "secondary" sufferer of folie à deux, influenced by the presence or perceived presence of her twin sister, the "primary" sufferer. The court also heard that she had suffered from a rare psychiatric disorder which made her hear voices, but could not interpret what they said, as well as an alternative theory that she had suffered from acute polymorphic delusional disorder. Her plea was accepted by the prosecution at Nottingham Crown Court on 2 September 2010. Justice Saunders concluded that Sabina had a "low" level of culpability for her actions:Sabina was sentenced to five years in prison and was sent to Bronzefield Women's Prison, where she turned to Christianity. Having already spent 439 days in custody before sentencing, this left her first eligible for release in 2011.


title: Ursula and Sabina Eriksson

text: Many questions were left unanswered. Some called for an investigation into the way the criminal justice system handled the matter, including Peter Molloy and MP for Stoke South Rob Flello. Glenn Hollinshead's brother Garry was critical of the justice system which he viewed as enabling the murder, stating:


title: Non-renewable resource

text: A non-renewable resource (also called a finite resource) is a natural resource that cannot be readily replaced by natural means at a pace quick enough to keep up with consumption. An example is carbon-based fossil fuels. The original organic matter, with the aid of heat and pressure, becomes a fuel such as oil or gas. Earth minerals and metal ores, fossil fuels (coal, petroleum, natural gas) and groundwater in certain aquifers are all considered non-renewable resources, though individual elements are always conserved (except in nuclear reactions, nuclear decay or atmospheric escape).


title: Non-renewable resource

text: Conversely, resources such as timber (when harvested sustainably) and wind (used to power energy conversion systems) are considered renewable resources, largely because their localized replenishment can occur within time frames meaningful to humans as well.


title: Non-renewable resource

text: Earth minerals and metal ores are examples of non-renewable resources. The metals themselves are present in vast amounts in Earth's crust, and their extraction by humans only occurs where they are concentrated by natural geological processes (such as heat, pressure, organic activity, weathering and other processes) enough to become economically viable to extract. These processes generally take from tens of thousands to millions of years, through plate tectonics, tectonic subsidence and crustal recycling.


title: Non-renewable resource

text: The localized deposits of metal ores near the surface which can be extracted economically by humans are non-renewable in human time-frames. There are certain rare earth minerals and elements that are more scarce and exhaustible than others. These are in high demand in manufacturing, particularly for the electronics industry.


title: Non-renewable resource

text: Natural resources such as coal, petroleum (crude oil) and natural gas take thousands of years to form naturally and cannot be replaced as fast as they are being consumed. Eventually it is considered that fossil-based resources will become too costly to harvest and humanity will need to shift its reliance to other sources of energy such as solar or wind power, see renewable energy.


title: Non-renewable resource

text: An alternative hypothesis is that carbon based fuel is virtually inexhaustible in human terms, if one includes all sources of carbon-based energy such as methane hydrates on the sea floor, which are vastly greater than all other carbon based fossil fuel resources combined. These sources of carbon are also considered non-renewable, although their rate of formation/replenishment on the sea floor is not known. However their extraction at economically viable costs and rates has yet to be determined.


title: Non-renewable resource

text: At present, the main energy source used by humans is non-renewable fossil fuels. Since the dawn of internal combustion engine technologies in the 19th century, petroleum and other fossil fuels have remained in continual demand. As a result, conventional infrastructure and transport systems, which are fitted to combustion engines, remain prominent throughout the globe.


title: Non-renewable resource

text: The modern-day fossil fuel economy is widely criticized for its lack of renewability, as well as being a contributor to climate change.


title: Non-renewable resource

text: In 1987, the World Commission on Environment and Development (WCED) classified fission reactors that produce more fissile nuclear fuel than they consume (i.e. breeder reactors) among conventional renewable energy sources, such as solar and falling water. The American Petroleum Institute likewise does not consider conventional nuclear fission as renewable, but rather that breeder reactor nuclear power fuel is considered renewable and sustainable, noting that radioactive waste from used spent fuel rods remains radioactive and so has to be very carefully stored for several hundred years. With the careful monitoring of radioactive waste products also being required upon the use of other renewable energy sources, such as geothermal energy.


title: Non-renewable resource

text: The use of nuclear technology relying on fission requires Naturally occurring radioactive material as fuel. Uranium, the most common fission fuel, is present in the ground at relatively low concentrations and mined in 19 countries. This mined uranium is used to fuel energy-generating nuclear reactors with fissionable uranium-235 which generates heat that is ultimately used to power turbines to generate electricity.


title: Non-renewable resource

text: As of 2013 only a few kilograms (picture available) of uranium have been extracted from the ocean in pilot programs and it is also believed that the uranium extracted on an industrial scale from the seawater would constantly be replenished from uranium leached from the ocean floor, maintaining the seawater concentration at a stable level. In 2014, with the advances made in the efficiency of seawater uranium extraction, a paper in the journal of "Marine Science & Engineering" suggests that with, light water reactors as its target, the process would be economically competitive if implemented on a large scale.


title: Non-renewable resource

text: Nuclear power provides about 6% of the world's energy and 13–14% of the world's electricity. Nuclear energy production is associated with potentially dangerous radioactive contamination as it relies upon unstable elements. In particular, nuclear power facilities produce about 200,000 metric tons of low and intermediate level waste (LILW) and 10,000 metric tons of high level waste (HLW) (including spent fuel designated as waste) each year worldwide.