title: Hitachi Magic Wand

text: Hitachi listed the Magic Wand for business use with the United States Patent and Trademark Office on 25 April 1968. Hitachi Ltd. registered the trademark to the Magic Wand. It became available to the mass market in the U.S. during the 1970s and was advertised as a device to aid with massage techniques. It is effective at relieving pain associated with back aches, and is registered with the Food and Drug Administration as a physical medicine device under the classification therapeutic electric massager. The stated use of the Magic Wand is the soothing and relaxing of sore muscles and nerves, relieving tension, and rehabilitation after sports injuries.


title: Hitachi Magic Wand

text: The Magic Wand has found great commercial success as a vibrator, a masturbation aid for women. Its popularity for this purpose is associated with the American artist and sex educator Betty Dodson, who used it in demonstrations and instructional classes to instruct women regarding self-pleasure techniques. Dodson became active in the sex-positive movement in the late 1960s. She recommended women put a small towel over their sex organs in order to dull the sensation of the vibrator and prolong the pleasurable experience. Her technique became known as the Betty Dodson Method. Her sessions were known as Bodysex workshops and featured 15 naked women in supine position, each using a Magic Wand simultaneously to aid in masturbation. She provided a Magic Wand to each woman for these two-hour masturbation sessions. Dodson taught thousands of women to achieve orgasm using this technique.


title: Hitachi Magic Wand

text: Dell Williams, founder of the first feminist sex toy business in the United States, Eve's Garden, was inspired to launch her store after using a Magic Wand as a student in Dodson's course in the early 1970s. Williams said the Magic Wand was her favorite sex toy because of its dependability and its power at delivering pleasure to the clitoris. In 1974, Dodson recommended the device in her book "Liberating Masturbation". In 1975 in her demonstrations, she replaced the Panasonic Panabrator with the Magic Wand. In 1977, Dodson recommended the device to Dian Hanson, former editor of men's magazines "Leg Show" and "Juggs". Hanson recalled her initial experience after receiving the recommendation from Dodson. Hanson said she was instructed to purchase the Magic Wand but was advised to be cautious regarding its emotional and physical influence because it could have properties which could cause habit-forming dependency. She observed that in comparison to her prior vibrator operated by two D batteries, the Magic Wand was significantly more effective.


title: Hitachi Magic Wand

text: The Magic Wand has been a bestseller at the sex shop Good Vibrations since it opened in 1977. The shop marketed the magic wand to women as an effective means of stimulating the clitoris. The device became an enduring bestseller in adult sex toy shops in the United States. It has become known colloquially among women as "Big Buzzy", and is also simply referred to as "The Hitachi". During the 1980s, the device was advertised in the back pages of "Mother Jones" magazine. It became popular with women and was featured on the cover of the book "Good Vibrations: The New Complete Guide to Vibrators" (1976) by Joani Blank. The Magic Wand features on the covers of the 1989 and 1998 editions of the book. In 1992 for the 15th anniversary of the opening of Good Vibrations, the sex store managers arranged to have chocolates manufactured in the shape of the Magic Wand. Sales staff from the corporate headquarters of Hitachi company contributed finances towards the creation of the chocolates in the shape of their massager. The Hitachi executives additionally purchased 500 of the massager-shaped chocolates which were given out at the company's sales conference that year.


title: Hitachi Magic Wand

text: "Good Vibes Gazette" surveyed sex toy store customers in 1995 and asked them to rank their opinions of sex toys. The Magic Wand was identified as outstanding. The 1995 book about censorship "Forbidden Passages: Writings Banned in Canada", which included works confiscated by Canadian authorities for being "obscene", featured a contribution involving a woman who used a Magic Wand for pain relief. In 1997, the Magic Wand was the most popular holiday gift item sold at the Good Vibrations store in Berkeley, California. According to "Out" magazine, the Magic Wand was the best-selling sex toy of 1998. "Chatelaine" received criticism from the "Alberta Report" in 1999 for reporting on the increasing popularity of the Magic Wand and other sex toys among women. In 1999 the Magic Wand was promoted to consumers as a "personal massager" device. "The Village Voice" reported in 1999 that the device was marketed by the company as the "Hitachi Magic Wand Household Electric Massager". According to the article in "The Village Voice", the device had outlived competition from subsequent inventions by other companies and remained a bestseller. When contacted in 1999 by "The Village Voice" the public relations director of Hitachi, Gerry Corbett, emphasized the original intent of their product: "Clearly, [the Magic Wand] is a straightforward product. There are no implications of anything beyond standard health-care use."


title: Hitachi Magic Wand

text: In 2000, Hitachi came into conflict with Appliance Corporation of America, the American distributor of its products including the Magic Wand. It briefly ceased being sold in the United States. In June 2000, Hitachi reached a deal with the sex toy distribution company Vibratex to sell the device in the U.S. Vibratex has continued to sell the device in the U.S. through 2014. Urologist and sexual dysfunction specialist Jed Kaminetsky told "The New York Observer" in 2000 that the Magic Wand had a renowned reputation. He stated he recommended the device to female patients with difficulty achieving orgasm to use in masturbation. Kaminetsky observed that the Magic Wand provided an extremely successful mode of masturbation and was among the preeminent vibrators available.


title: Hitachi Magic Wand

text: The concept of using a neck massager for other than its stated purpose was popularized in 2002 in an episode of the television series "Sex and the City", "Critical Condition". The character Samantha Jones goes to Sharper Image to buy a vibrator, but the staff at the store tell her it is a neck massager. Shortly after the episode aired, the Magic Wand sold out of stores. Journalist Naomi Wolf wrote in "The Sunday Times" that while researching an article on the female-oriented sex toys catalogue "Good Vibrations", she was informed that the Magic Wand had sold out from their stock because of its appearance on "Sex and the City". The Rabbit vibrator had previously seen an increase in sales, after it was similarly popularized on the program in 1998. According to a contribution to "Best Sex Writing 2013" by Andy Isaacson, these appearances of sex toys on "Sex and the City" revolutionized the way they were perceived culturally in the United States. "The Times" noted the Magic Wand was relatively new to the market in the United Kingdom, where it became available in 2004. The Magic Wand was number seven of the top ten hand-held massagers sold on Amazon.com. Faye Flam writing for Knight Ridder Newspapers reported in 2006 that the Magic Wand was exempt from anti-vibrator laws in Alabama, Georgia, and Texas because it did not appear to be a phallic object. In 2006 the device was among the top-selling masturbation aids in the market.


title: Hitachi Magic Wand

text: The closing credits of director Tanya Wexler's 2011 film "Hysteria" featured the Magic Wand in a montage showing the evolution of the vibrator. In August 2012, American filmmaker Clayton Cubitt used the Magic Wand in a video-art exhibit titled "Hysterical Literature". The film project featured women sitting on a chair narrating a piece of literature while being stimulated by the Magic Wand. Each video ends with the woman's orgasm. Writing for The McClatchy Company, Chuck Shepherd called it "Great Art!".


title: Hitachi Magic Wand

text: Because of its concerns about having its notable technology brand name attached to a popular sex toy, Hitachi decided to cease production of the Magic Wand in 2013. Vibratex director of operations Eddie Romero told "Engadget" that Hitachi is an extremely staid company and was uncomfortable being associated with the best-selling masturbation aid. Vibratex persuaded Hitachi to continue manufacturing the device, to rename it the "Original Magic Wand", to use lighter, more durable materials, and to omit any reference to Hitachi. The newly named device returned to the market on 25 June 2013, with improved engineering and modified graphic design on its accompanying box. It was sold as the "Original Magic Wand Vibrator" by Good Vibrations.


title: Hitachi Magic Wand

text: In January 2014 the device's name was "Magic Wand Original" according to "Shape Magazine", with information provided at the associated website magicwandoriginal.com. Hitachi did not market the device for sexual purposes until recently, as of October 2016, but still only referring to one of its uses as an "intimate" massager. Betty Dodson told "Engadget" in 2014 that the device was still her preferred vibrator. On 5 May 2014, the device was featured in a comedy segment of the television program "Louie" on FX. In 2014, 250,000 Magic Wands were sold in the U.S. by Vibratex. In November 2014, Stanford School of Medicine assistant professor of obstetrics and gynecology Leah Millheiser recommended the Magic Wand. She commented to "Yahoo! Health" that it was effective for helping women with orgasm after menopause, and improving sexual ability and self-esteem.


title: Hitachi Magic Wand

text: Many academics have discussed use of the Magic Wand to treat chronic anorgasmiaa type of sexual dysfunction in which a person cannot achieve orgasmand other sexual problems including female sexual arousal disorder. A study published in 1979 in the "Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology" analyzed the training of women in self-masturbation techniques in a sample of individuals who previously had difficulty experiencing orgasm. The researchers gave women the Magic Wand to help excite the clitoris and increase the likelihood they would experience an orgasm. They found self-administered treatment using the Magic Wand to be the most efficient option to address prior problems achieving orgasm.


title: Hitachi Magic Wand

text: In 2008 "The Scientific World Journal" published research in which women with long-term problems achieving orgasm were instructed using documentation from Betty Dodson. They said the Magic Wand's large head effectively created a vibrating sensation in the area of the clitoris and vulva without superficial discomfort. Their research showed that more than 93% of a group of 500 chronically anorgasmic women could reach orgasm using Magic Wand and the Betty Dodson Method. The "Scientific World Journal" research was subsequently discussed in a literature review published in 2010 by "The Journal of Sexual Medicine". Bat Sheva Marcus published a 2011 article in "The Journal of Sexual Medicine" after introducing women to the Magic Wand as a way to increase her subjects' levels of sexual experience and assess changes in their sexual expectations.


title: Hitachi Magic Wand

text: In their work "Pleasure Able: Sexual Device Manual for Persons with Disabilities", authors Kate Naphtali and Edith MacHattie of the Disabilities Health Research Network under the supervision of doctors Andrei Krassioukov and Stacy L Elliott recommended use of the Magic Wand in sexual activity for people with disabilities. The authors said the person holding the device would need to be capable of maintaining an active wide grasp throughout the process. They wrote that the Magic Wand was helpful for disabled people with either limited strength in their upper extremities or limited use of their hands. They also said it was well-suited for individuals with decreased movement in their upper extremities.


title: Hitachi Magic Wand

text: In a 2011 paper for the Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, authors Anna Eaglin and Shaowen Bardzell discussed the Magic Wand within the context of devices used in sexual behavior that were not originally created for that purpose. A 2012 study published in the journal "Sexual and Relationship Therapy" evaluated seven vibrators for use with clinical therapy for sexual stimulation. They found that the Magic Wand displayed a high degree of movement and oscillation. The researchers suggested that their data could be used by therapists to select the optimum vibrator which could deliver both effectiveness and sensitivity for their clients.


title: Hitachi Magic Wand

text: In their 2002 book "Myofascial Pain and Fibromyalgia: Trigger Point Management" authors orthopedic surgeon Edward S. Rachlin and physical therapist Isabel Rachlin recommended use of the Magic Wand for self-treatment by patients with myalgia. They wrote that continued use of the Magic Wand on myofascial trigger points or tense areas of muscle could result in decreasing the amount of discomfort felt by patients. Rachlin and Rachlin suggested that such treatment could be done in one's residence outside of a clinical setting.


title: Hitachi Magic Wand

text: In a 2004 article published in "Dermatology Online Journal", authors reported on use of the Magic Wand to help alleviate pain before cosmetic and dermatologic techniques performed by clinicians. The authors described use of the device to decrease discomfort before procedures including supplementing anesthesia with the injection of triamcinolone acetonide into the proximal nail fold for psoriasis, decreasing discomfort during a Restylane injection of the nasolabial fold, making an intense pulsed light (IPL) facial treatment easier by reducing pain during the procedure, and throughout axillary hyperhidrosis treatment with botulinum toxin. They recommended use of the device with the "Wonder Wand" attachment to provide vibration to a decreased surface area on the patient. Lead researcher Kevin C. Smith explained to "Skin & Allergy News" that the vibrations when delivered to the area of the patient's mandible can give relief from discomfort by negating feelings of pain from being sent through the sensory system. Smith and Francisco Perez-Atamoros further elaborated on use of the Magic Wand in Chapter 7 "Other Dermatologic Uses of Botulinum Toxin" of the 2006 compilation book "Botulinum Toxin in Clinical Dermatology". They emphasized the beneficial uses of the Magic Wand with the "Wonder Wand" attachment and showed how its vibrations can reduce pain if given just before an injection of Restylane within from the injection site.


title: Hitachi Magic Wand

text: Authors Lisa R. Baba, Jacqueline M. McGrath, and Jiexin Liu examined use of vibration delivery to infants to mitigate pain while doing neonatal heel prick procedures in a 2010 article for the "Journal of Perinatal & Neonatal Nursing". Their sample size included 20 babies of age 35 weeks or more, and they tracked their subjects' levels of pain on the Neonatal Infant Pain Scale while giving mechanical vibration to alleviate discomfort for a heel stick procedure. Vibration was delivered using the Magic Wand, which they bought through Vibratex. They set the Magic Wand to the highest setting and placed it on the heel of the infant for five seconds before administering the heel stick procedure. Their results found that oscillation sensations delivered to newborns who had previously had discomfort from heel pricks were able to deliver some relief. They wrote that additional research was indicated in the form of a randomized clinical trial with a greater sample size of newborns.


title: Hitachi Magic Wand

text: Ely Rabin and Andrew M. Gordon reported in 2004 in the "Journal of Applied Physiology" on their use of the Magic Wand to create vibrations in the left biceps brachia to study proprioception signals in humans related to fingertip contact on surfaces. Rabin and Gordon followed up their research in 2006 with a subsequent paper published in the journal "Experimental Brain Research". They wrote that extension of muscles and sensory clues worked together to provide regional perception of the patient's upper extremity in a localized area. Rabin and Gordon later co-wrote a 2010 paper with additional authors in "Neuroscience Letters" and expanded on research incorporating use of the Magic Wand to stimulate the biceps brachia. They measured people suffering Parkinson's disease (PD) for proprioceptive ability while their subjects' biceps muscles were stimulated with the vibrator. In 2007, researchers published a paper in the journal "Gait & Posture" about use of the Magic Wand to help measure balance and postural sway. While testing their subjects' balance while having to deal with simultaneous vibration, the researchers attached one Magic Wand to each leg.


title: Hitachi Magic Wand

text: In a 2011 article for the "International Journal of Otolaryngology", Jeremy Hornibrook discussed the inner ear disorder benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV). BPPV is the most common cause of vertigo, a problem attributed to a detached otoconia in one of the semicircular canals. Hornibrook recommended a repositioning treatment for patients with BPPV from the posterior canal location. He wrote that the procedure most often performed for this purpose was a slightly transformed version of the Epley maneuver, and afterwards recommended carrying out a Dix–Hallpike test to assess the status of BPPV. If such a test was positive, Hornibrook recommended using a Magic Wand to deliver vibrations to the area of the mastoid process.


title: Hitachi Magic Wand

text: The Magic Wand received the nickname "the Cadillac of vibrators" from the sex shop Good Vibrations. Boutique erotica store Babeland founders Rachel Venning and Claire Cavanah called the massager the Rolls-Royce of vibrators in their 2003 book "Sex Toys 101"; this characterization was echoed by authors Anne Hooper and Philip Hodson, and physician Michael L. Krychman. Venning and Cavanah observed that the device alleviated discomfort from menstrual cramps. They recommended the Magic Wand to new users of vibrators who asked for a suggestion for a starter device. Cavanah observed that the Magic Wand was unique among vibrators for its success through word-of-mouth marketing.


title: Hitachi Magic Wand

text: Sex-positive feminist writer Susie Bright called the Magic Wand one of her two favorite vibrators, and called it a miracle that the device was able to bring about an orgasm in under sixty seconds. Bright wrote about her experience using the Magic Wand to relieve discomfort during childbirth. Author Kathy Shaidle wrote that the massager is able to give females multiple orgasms. Sociologist, sexologist and sex-positive feminist Carol Queen critiqued the carbon footprint of the Magic Wand because it was imported from Japan, and praised its environmentally friendly qualities including its lack of batteries, and durability compared to other vibrators.


title: Hitachi Magic Wand

text: Sex therapist Ruth Westheimer said the device was most favored by those selecting from vibrators of the corded electrical variety. Therapist and sex educator Laura Berman recommended the device in many articles for the "Chicago Sun-Times", both for women who had never experienced an orgasm and those who had difficulty becoming aroused. Sexologist Gloria Brame wrote in her book "The Truth about Sex, a Sex Primer for the 21st Century" that the Magic Wand was one of the more successful masturbation aids marketed, and stated it was popular due to its non-penetrative nature. Australian sex therapist Bettina Arndt reported that a couple she corresponded with had success using the Magic Wand while simultaneously engaging in sexual intercourse. Physician and sex columnist Hilda Hutcherson recommended the Magic Wand in her book "Pleasure", and suggested women could place a soft cloth over their vulva if they felt it was needed to decrease delivered intensity from the device. "Cosmopolitan" magazine reported that the Magic Wand was the vibrator most often suggested by sex therapists.


title: Hitachi Magic Wand

text: Paula Kamen, author of "Her Way: Young Women Remake the Sexual Revolution", placed the increasing popularity of the Magic Wand as an influential factor in the sexual revolution which took place towards the end of the 20th century. Cathy Winks and Anne Semans, coauthors of "The Good Vibrations Guide to Sex", recommended the Magic Wand for use both during foreplay and intercourse and noted couples could feel pleasure through the device together at the same time. Wendy Caster wrote in the 2003 edition of "The Lesbian Sex Book" that lesbians have enjoyed using the Magic Wand due to its ability to concentrate powerful vibration on the clitoris.


title: Hitachi Magic Wand

text: "Mobile Magazine" announced in its July 2005 issue that readers had voted the Magic Wand "the No. 1 greatest gadget of all time". The Magic Wand won despite being included in the category that included the iPod, the telephone, and the toothbrush. In 2006, Melinda Gallagher and Emily Kramer, founders of women's entertainment company CAKE, awarded the device the Best Vibrator Award in their book "A Piece of Cake". Many publications have called the Magic Wand the mother of all vibrators including: "The Hot Woman's Handbook", "Clean Sheets", the "Valley Advocate", and "Cosmopolitan Magazine". Gallagher and Kramer wrote that the device was effective at giving the clitoris and vulva intense oscillation sensations.


title: Hitachi Magic Wand

text: Writing for the "Star Tribune", Alexis McKinnis recommended the device for a woman having difficulty achieving orgasm. She wrote that for thirty-years a multitude of females had found it to be an assured way to reach orgasm. McKinnis recommended the Magic Wand again in a subsequent column as a Valentine's Day gift, and wrote that it faced little competition due to its basic construction, efficiency, intensity, and reliability. Author Robert J. Rubel wrote that the device was among the highest-demanded vibrators in the United States. Rubel stated that approximately ninety-percent of females are able to achieve orgasm with the Magic Wand. A panel of users arranged by "Good Housekeeping" tried the Magic Wand for relief of lumbar discomfort and were unimpressed with the results. "Self Magazine" observed in 2010 that the device's appreciation had become a cultural phenomenon.


title: Hitachi Magic Wand

text: Rachel Kramer Bussel praised the device in a 2011 article for "SexIs Magazine" titled: "10 Reasons The Hitachi Magic Wand is My Favorite Vibrator". She composed her article in the form of an ode to her favorite toy. Her rationale for selecting the device as her favorite included its power, speed it takes her to a state of increased arousal, its lack of need for batteries, its delivery of intense clitoral sensations, and its affordability. Yana Tallon-Hicks described the device in a 2011 piece for the "Valley Advocate", and wrote that it was quite effective at bringing women to orgasm. She compared its intensity to a Mack Truck. "Valley Advocate" recommended the Magic Wand in a 2012 article for overweight partners to use during sex because of its longer handle. Ashleigh Corbeil wrote in her book about achieving a simultaneous orgasm for two partners that due to its length the Magic Wand could be used during doggy style intercourse; and Hilda Hutcherson similarly advised use of the massager in this sexual position.


title: Hitachi Magic Wand

text: Comic book artist Erika Moen devoted the first piece of her new comic strip series "Oh Joy, Sex Toy" to "The Hitachi Magic Wand" in April 2013. Her work was syndicated by Bitch Media, and received praise in a review by "The Daily Beast". In a 2013 article for "Express Milwaukee", Laura Anne Stuart said it may be the only device for some women to help them reach orgasm, while additional women may choose to use it to find a simple and quick path to pleasure. She praised its well-built construction and durability. The Magic Wand from Vibratex won the award for "Favorite Sex Toy for Women" in October 2013 at The Sex Awards in California. Valued by users for its durability and long-lasting dependability, the device has garnered attributes such as "the most recognizable sex toy on Earth" from Engadget. In 2014, the magazine "Women's Health" featured the device in an article titled "The Ultimate Guide to Sex Toys", where it was recommended for use with two partners.


title: King Shark

text: King Shark is a supervillain appearing in comic books published by DC Comics. The character, also known as Nanaue, was created by writer Karl Kesel and artist Tom Grummett. King Shark's first key appearance was in "Superboy" #0 (October 1994) as a cameo before making his first full appearance in "Superboy" #9 (November 1994). The character serves as an adversary to Aquaman, The Flash, and Superboy.


title: King Shark

text: The character has been adapted from the comics into various forms of media, including television series, feature films, and video games. King Shark made his live-action debut in the television series "The Flash", voiced by David Hayter while Dan Payne portrayed his human form. In the DC Extended Universe, King Shark was voiced by actor Sylvester Stallone and motion captured by Steve Agee in the film "The Suicide Squad" (2021).


title: King Shark

text: Born in Hawaii, Nanaue is a humanoid shark. His father is "The King of All Sharks"—also known as the Shark God. Originally there were some doubts surrounding his origins, as other characters, such as special agent Sam Makoa, dismissed his origins as superstition and referred to Nanaue as a "savage mutation" and it was also implied that he was one of the "Wild Men", evolved animals based on those in "Kamandi: The Last Boy on Earth", but the now-ended "Aquaman: Sword of Atlantis" series put an end to the controversy by firmly establishing him as the Shark God's son.


title: King Shark

text: King Shark was responsible for a number of missing persons several years before Superboy arrived in Hawaii. Sam Makoa was responsible for bringing him in and bore the scars to prove it. King Shark is freed by the Silicon Dragons, who plan on hiring him. Nanaue is not interested, and kills his liberators before heading to his mother's house. His mother allows him to bite her arm off to feed. Superboy managed to take him down with his heat vision. When Superboy and Makoa were assigned to the Suicide Squad to destroy the Silicon Dragons, King Shark was forced to help. An explosive belt was strapped to his waist, set to detonate if anything happened to Makoa. Other members of the Squad included Knockout and Squad veterans Deadshot and Captain Boomerang.


title: King Shark

text: Nanaue was a crazed fighting machine, shredding legions of the Dragons (and killing Sidearm too, when he betrays the team). Despite the belt detonating, King Shark survived the blast and the destruction of the lair.


title: King Shark

text: After a research team sent to investigate the lair's remains went missing, King Shark was initially suspected, but it turned out to be Black Manta. King Shark fought Superboy, but he was defeated and driven out to sea.


title: King Shark

text: King Shark later turned up in the Wild Lands and fought Superboy and his allies. After a fierce battle, he was assumed killed, but no body was ever recovered.


title: King Shark

text: He joined Manchester Black's Legion of Villains in the "Ending Battle". He later turned up in Metropolis and attacked Jimmy Olsen. Superman quickly took him down, knocking most of his teeth out (though they grew back). In all of his previous appearances he rarely spoke, but during this issue he was very verbose (although that may be because of Black's influence). He also was smaller and a long way from the water.


title: King Shark

text: King Shark is recruited into Alexander Luthor's Secret Society of Super Villains and is one of the many sent to attack Sub Diego. During the battle he kills Neptune Perkins.


title: King Shark

text: Nanaue reappears one year after the "Infinite Crisis", bearing a scar from a previous encounter with Aquaman. He is less violent and more talkative than in previous appearances. His origin has been definitely given as him being the son of the Shark God, due to the new Aquaman book being more magic-based than previous incarnations. He is a major character in the series, acting as an unwilling caretaker for . Saved from a gang of marauders by the young man, he brought Curry to the mysterious Dweller in the Depths (the mutated, for unknown reasons, Aquaman) who gave him the role of assisting the "new Aquaman" in filling his role. Albeit feigning disrespect, and often disappearing for a while, King Shark accepted, sharing his knowledge of the way of sea with his young savior. It is later revealed in a flashback sequence that he was asked to do so by his father:


title: King Shark

text: The currents of destiny bend and twist around that young man. For good or ill, he will shape the coming oceanscape. You will protect him. You will be my agent in his camp. Close enough to guard against others who seek to control him. And close enough, when I decide the time is ripe... ... to strike, and kill him without warning.


title: King Shark

text: The following arc tells the first meeting between the original Aquaman and King Shark, which occurred several years ago. It took place in Reef's End, a little border town in the Coral Sea, distant from Atlantis. Orin — who was still the King of Atlantis at this time — fought King Shark because he murdered a priest of the Order of the Thorny Crown. King Shark had previously killed a number of members of this group, obeying his father's will. The Order was associated with an old prophecy:


title: King Shark

text: When thorned crown lies shattered, she comes. Born of coral, of life-in-death, of long prayer. Shake the sea floor with her power, shall she, shake the destiny of all beneath the waves...


title: King Shark

text: The Shark God believed that if the Order was destroyed, that would trigger the prophecy, birthing some great power in the process. However, King Shark was defeated by Aquaman before completing his father's goal. He then was imprisoned by priests of the Thorny Crown for three years before escaping; Nanaue mentions that he was tortured during his captivity.


title: King Shark

text: Following the "Final Crisis", King Shark's jaw is broken after being cleaved wide open and later his left arm is ripped off his body during battle, but later grew back.


title: King Shark

text: King Shark is among Superboy's villains brought by Krypto to a hill near the Smallville high school. However, he is either unconscious or stunned at the time.


title: King Shark

text: Most recently, he has joined the Secret Six as a brawler. His tenure with the Six proves to be short-lived, as the team is soon captured by a large group of superheroes during a failed mission in Gotham City. King Shark manages to briefly overpower his old foe Superboy during the battle, but is ultimately pummeled into unconsciousness by Supergirl.


title: King Shark

text: In September 2011, DC Comics rebooted its fictional continuity in an initiative called The New 52. In this new timeline, King Shark now resembles a humanoid hammerhead shark. He was tortured and forced into the Suicide Squad by Amanda Waller. When he came to the Suicide Squad having to comply with Amanda Waller's demands, King Shark ended up eating his teammate Yo-Yo (it is later revealed that Yo-Yo survived). During the 2013 "Forever Evil" storyline, King Shark is among the villains that the Crime Syndicate recruited to join the Secret Society of Super Villains.


title: King Shark

text: In the continuity resulting from the 2016 DC Rebirth initiative, King Shark began serving N.E.M.O under Black Manta. He began terrorizing San Francisco before being subdued by the Teen Titans. He also appears as one of the many villains attempting to kill Batman to halt Two-Face's data breach, attacking Batman on a train alongside Amygdala and Killer Croc. After leaving the organization, King Shark attempted to live a more peaceful life, only to be captured by the Markovian military under allegations of cannibalizing a Markovian general. Wonder Woman soon arrived, doubting that he committed the crime, and used the Lasso of Truth on him to prove his innocence. She them left him in the hands of Aquaman, hoping to start anew in Atlantis.


title: King Shark

text: Following Aquaman's usurpation of the throne, King Shark returns as a crime lord of the Ninth Tride with plans to expand his empire to more regions of Atlantis. He has his minions capture Mera to use as a bargaining chip and has a run-in with the still alive Aquaman. He convinces King Shark to work with him at stopping King Rath's murderous ambitions on the condition that the Ninth Tride would receive better treatment by the new monarch. As a show of good faith, King Shark gives Mera back to Arthur. With their combined forces, they were able to free Atlantis from the Crown of Thorns.


title: King Shark

text: King Shark's augmented flesh provides protection against the pressures of the deep and physical attacks. His shark-like physiology includes teeth and claws, which are used as weapons, and gills that allow him to breathe underwater. He can swim at great speeds and is resistant to cold. King Shark has enhanced strength and endurance, and he can also regenerate lost bodily tissue. His incredible strength and mystical nature means that his bite can even pierce the skin of Kryptonians.


title: King Shark

text: In the alternate timeline of the 2011 "Flashpoint" storyline King Shark works as a strongman freak show in the Haley's Circus. Haley's Circus is attacked by Amazons, and King Shark is killed while trying to save Doctor Fate.


title: King Shark

text: In the "" prequel comic, King Shark's son "Kid Shark" attacks Batman on the street. Commissioner Gordon happened to be in the area and joined in the fight, providing enough of a distraction for Batman to hit Kid Shark in the back of the head with a fire hydrant. The Gotham City Police Department picked him up shortly afterwards.


title: King Shark

text: King Shark appears in issue #14 of the "Young Justice" tie-in comic book. King Shark is known in this franchise as King Nanaue Sha'ark. He is shown as a student at the same Atlantean sorcery academy that Aqualad once attended. King Sha'ark is also the ruler of the Atlantean city-state Nanauve. Sha'ark has the habit of referring to those he considers weaker than himself as "chum". In issue #15, Lori Lemaris and Topo had to convince Sha'ark not to eat the former Atlantean Purist Ronal (who was pardoned by Aquaman).


title: King Shark

text: King Shark appears in "The Flash: Season Zero" tie-in comic, in which a dying Shay Lamden accepts an offer by Dr. Shults to undergo an experimental procedure employing shark cells to regenerate his dying body's cells. During the procedure, a particle accelerator explodes, mutating him into a humanoid shark, after which Lamden develops a vendetta against those involved in the procedure. This brings him into conflict with the Flash and the Suicide Squad.


title: Brazilian Carnival

text: The Carnival of Brazil (, ) is an annual Brazilian festival held the Friday afternoon before Ash Wednesday at noon, which marks the beginning of Lent, the forty-day period before Easter. During Lent, Roman Catholics and some other Christians traditionally abstained from the consumption of meat and poultry, hence the term "carnival", from "carnelevare", "to remove (literally, "raise") meat."


title: Brazilian Carnival

text: Rhythm, participation, and costumes vary from one region of Brazil to another. In the southeastern cities of Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, and Vitória, huge organized parades are led by samba schools. Those official parades are meant to be watched by the public, while minor parades ("blocos") allowing public participation can be found in other cities, like Belo Horizonte, also in the southeastern region. The northeastern cities of Recife, Olinda, Salvador, and Porto Seguro have organized groups parading through streets, and public interacts directly with them. It is a six-day party where crowds follow the trios elétricos through the city streets, dancing and singing. Also in northeast, Olinda carnival features unique characteristics, heavily influenced by local folklore and cultural manifestations, such as "Frevo" and "Maracatu".


title: Brazilian Carnival

text: The typical genres of music of Brazilian carnival are, in the Southeast Region in general, mostly cities of Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo: the samba-enredo, the samba de bloco, the samba de embalo and the marchinha; and in the Northeast Region including Pernambuco (mostly cities of Olinda and Recife): frevo and maracatu, and Bahia (mostly the city of Salvador): samba-reggae, pagode (also a type of Samba) and the main genre axé music. These rhythms were mainly developed by Afro-brazlians and Pardos, incorporating and adapting many cultural influences, from the percussion beats of Africa to the military fanfares of Europe and iberian music in the use of instruments like pandeiro and cavaquinho.


title: Brazilian Carnival

text: Carnival is the most popular holiday in Brazil and has become an event of huge proportions. Except for industrial production, retail establishments such as malls, and carnival-related businesses, the country unifies completely for almost a week and festivities are intense, day and night, mainly in coastal cities. Rio de Janeiro's carnival alone drew 4.9 million people in 2011, with 400,000 being foreigners.


title: Brazilian Carnival

text: Brazilian carnival in essence is a synthesis of European, indigenous, and Afro-Brazilian cultural influences, each group has played an important role in the development of the structure and aesthetic of the Brazilian carnival of today. For instance, the main rhythms used in carnival celebrations were developed by Afro-Brazilians and make use of European instruments like the cavaquinho and pandeiro to create melodies and arrangements, also the fantasies and costumes in the Brazilian carnival borrow concepts from the clothing of the natives, like the use of feathers and the tendency to use lighter pieces of clothing. Historically its origins can be traced to the Portuguese Age of Discoveries when their caravels passed regularly through Madeira, a territory which already celebrated emphatically its carnival season, and where they were loaded with goods but also people and their ludic and cultural expressions.


title: Brazilian Carnival

text: The Carnival was first suspended in 1912, following the death of the Baron of Rio Branco, at the time Brazilian Minister of External Relations. The mayor of Rio reportedly postponed all licenses for the Carnival associations, but despite this many residents still partied in the streets anyway. The Carnival went on as scheduled despite World War I and World War II, besides during Brazil's military dictatorship, despite strict regulations.


title: Brazilian Carnival

text: The first disruption to the Carnival in 108 years took place in late September 2020 amid the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil, when the 2021 festival was cancelled. The next festival is scheduled for 26 February-2 March 2022, depending on the evolution of the epidemiological situation in the country.


title: Brazilian Carnival

text: In the late 18th century, the ""cordões"" (literally "cords", "laces" or "strings" in Portuguese) combined with the ""dança do coco"" (literally "coconut dance" an Afro-Brazilian dance troupe form) were introduced in Rio de Janeiro. These were pageant groups that paraded through city avenues performing on instruments and dancing. Today they are known as "Carnaval blocos" (blocks), consisting of a group of people who dress in costumes or special T-shirts with themes and/or logos. "Blocos" are generally associated with particular neighbourhoods; they include both a percussion or music group and an entourage of revelers. They eventually became the "fathers" of what everyone today knows as the famous and internationally renowned samba-schools in Brazil. Samba-schools (not only in Rio de Janeiro, but in São Paulo and several other cities) are the cultural epicenter of the Brazilian carnival, in terms of the "parading style". The first registered samba-school was called "Deixa-falar", but disappeared later and the first official samba-school contest happened in 1929, with only three groups, and "Oswaldo Cruz" group won the competition, with a samba written by Heitor dos Prazeres. GRES Estação Primeira de Mangueira Samba-School, represented by Cartola, and Estácio de Sá samba School, represented by Ismael Silva, were the other 2 contestants. Eventually, "Oswaldo Cruz" became Portela Samba School, the greatest winner of Rio's Carnival with 22 Titles. Although many Brazilians tend now to favor other forms of national music culture to that of Rio's samba schools, the carnival of Rio de Janeiro remains the national festival par excellence, and the samba of Rio de Janeiro continues to be an agent of national unification.


title: Brazilian Carnival

text: "Carnaval blocos", also known as "Blocos de Rua" ("Street Blocks") occur in nearly every neighborhood throughout the city and metropolitan areas, but the most famous are the ones in Copacabana, Ipanema, Leblon, Lagoa, Jardim Botânico, and in downtown Rio. Organizers often compose their own music themes that are added to the performance and singing of classic "marchinhas" and samba popular songs. "Cordão do bola preta" ("Polka Dot Bloco"), that goes through the heart of Rio's historical center, and "Suvaco do Cristo" ('Armpit of Christ the Redeemer', referring to the angle of the statue seen from the neighborhood), near the Botanical Garden, are some of the most famous groups. "Monobloco" has become so famous that it plays all year round at parties and small concerts.


title: Brazilian Carnival

text: The formalized samba schools are very small groups of performers, financed by respected organizations (as well as legal gambling groups), who work year-round in preparation for Carnival. Samba Schools perform in the Sambadrome, which runs four entire nights and is overseen by LIESA. They are part of an official competition, divided into seven divisions, in which a single school is declared the winner, according to ten judging categories that include costume, flow, theme, and band music quality and performance. Some samba schools also hold street parties in their neighborhoods, through which they parade along with their followers.


title: Brazilian Carnival

text: All performers at the Sambadrome have to wear a costume. Some honored members of the school or community may receive one for free, but normally, most will have to pay for their own. Tourists can have the same experience on the "Commercial Area" of some Samba Schools but need to buy their own costume from the school, or through an agent, either of which can be quite costly.


title: Brazilian Carnival

text: There are several major differences between Carnival in the state of Bahia in Northeastern Brazil and Carnival in Rio de Janeiro. The musical styles are different at each carnival; in Bahia there are many rhythms, including samba, samba-reggae, axé, etc., while in Rio there is the multitude of samba styles: the "samba-enredo", the "samba de bloco", the "samba de embalo", the "funk-samba", as well as the famous "marchinhas" played by the "bandas" in the streets.


title: Brazilian Carnival

text: In the 1880s, the black population commemorated the days of Carnival in its own way, highly marked by Yoruba characteristics, dancing in the streets playing instruments. This form was thought of as "primitive" by the upper-class white elite, and the groups were banned from participating in the official Bahia Carnival, dominated by the local conservative elite. The groups defied the ban and continued to do their dances.


title: Brazilian Carnival

text: By the 1970s, four main types of carnival groups developed in Bahia: Afoxês, Trios Elétricos, "Amerindian" groups, and Blocos Afros. Afoxês use the rhythms of the African inspired religion, Candomblé. They also worship the gods of Candomblé, called orixás. An Electric Trio is characterized by a truck equipped with giant speakers and a platform where musicians play songs of local genres such as axé. People follow the trucks singing and dancing. The "Amerindian" groups were inspired by Western movies from the United States. The groups dress up as Native Americans and take on Native American names. Blocos Afros, or Afro groups, were influenced by the Black Pride Movement in the United States, independence movements in Africa, and reggae music that denounced racism and oppression. The groups inspired a renewed pride in African heritage.


title: Brazilian Carnival

text: Today, Bahia's carnival consists mostly of Trios Elétricos, but there are still Blocos Afros and Afoxês. Every year, about half a million tourists are attracted to Salvador. It is also possible to watch everything from the Camarotes (ringside seats) spread out along the way, offering more comfort to the visitors.


title: Brazilian Carnival

text: The northeast state of Pernambuco has unique Carnivals in its present capital Recife and in its colonial capital Olinda. Their main rhythms are the "frevo" and the "maracatu." "Galo da Madrugada" is the biggest carnival parade in the world, considering the number of participants, according "The Guinness Book of World Records." It means "dawn's rooster" and parades, as the name suggests, in the morning only. "Frevo" is Pernambucan-style dance with African and acrobatic influences, as it is fast and electrifying, often using an open umbrella and frequent legs and arms movements.


title: Brazilian Carnival

text: Unlike Salvador and Rio, the festivities in Recife, Olinda and Itamaraca do not include group competitions. Instead, groups dance and play instruments side by side. "Troças" and "maracatus", mostly of African influence, begin one week before Carnival and end a week later.


title: Brazilian Carnival

text: The carnival in São Paulo takes place in the Anhembi Sambadrome on the Friday and Saturday night of the week of Carnival, as opposed to Rio's Carnival, which is held on Sunday and Monday night.


title: Brazilian Carnival

text: Various "samba schools" compete in a huge parade. Each school presents a different theme, which they expose through their costumes, dance, music, and the allegorical cars or ""carros alegóricos"", huge vehicles decorated according to the theme designed specifically for the parade. The schools are responsible for choosing their own themes, which usually revolve around historical happenings or some sort of cultural or political movement.


title: Brazilian Carnival

text: "Vai-Vai" is the oldest school and has been the Special Group champion most times (15 total, including the 2015 championship). It also is the most popular, for it has a larger fan base and many supporters among the people of the city.


title: Brazilian Carnival

text: São Paulo has usurped Rio de Janeiro as the Brazilian city with the largest and most diverse Carnival in Brazil. It is also the most LGBTQ+ friendly Carnival in Brazil. In 2017, the Sexual Diversity Museum of São Paulo formed its own Carnival group to provide the message of inclusion, peace, and respect for all LGBT people. In 2020, São Paulo Carnival has featured Camilla Prins, the first transgender woman to lead a samba school in any Carnival event in Brazil.


title: Brazilian Carnival

text: The Carnival in Vitória are performed one week before Carnival, more precisely in Sambão do Povo. The schools are responsible for choosing their own themes, which usually revolve around historical happenings or some sort of cultural or political movement.


title: Brazilian Carnival

text: More than the traditional school parade, the carnival in Espirito Santos includes a large set of attractions, especially in the beach areas of the state, from north to south.


title: Brazilian Carnival

text: Carnival in Minas Gerais is often characterized by "blocos carnavalescos" with varying themes and costume styles, typically accompanied by a brass and drums band. The carnival has been heavily influenced by the Rio de Janeiro Carnival, and several cities hold parades with samba schools. More recently, Axé groups from Bahia come to play in the state.


title: Brazilian Carnival

text: The most traditional carnival parades happen in the historic cities of Ouro Preto, Mariana, São João del Rei, and Diamantina.


title: Brazilian Carnival

text: Since the 2010s, the carnival in the state capital Belo Horizonte has increased heavily in popularity,


title: Brazilian Carnival

text: Other cities in the state, such as Juiz de Fora, Abaeté, Pompéu, and Três Pontas, also have popular parades.


title: Brazilian Carnival

text: Ouro Preto is popular among college students. The city has a large proportion of students, who during the year live in places called Repúblicas (a Brazilian equivalent to a frat house). During carnival, the Repúblicas turn to affordable accommodation for both residents and visitors coming from all over the country. The city hills, narrow streets, and stone pavement prevent traffic of heavy sound trucks.


title: Brazilian Carnival

text: Zé Pereira dos Lacaios, the oldest carnival block in Brazil with more than 150 years, parade in the city.


title: Brazilian Carnival

text: The first carnival party in Belo Horizonte happened in 1897, even before the inauguration of the city.


title: Brazilian Carnival

text: In 2017, Belo Horizonte had the largest carnival in its history and the third-largest in Brazil. There were more than three million people on the streets, with about 500,00 tourists. The Baianas Ozadas block hit a record audience of 500,000 people.


title: Brazilian Carnival

text: Juiz de Fora had one of the three largest carnivals in Brazil in the 1980s. But it has been steadily losing popularity. A deadlock between the league of local samba schools (LIESJUF) and the municipality's culture agency (Funalfa) prevented parades in the city since 2016. As a temporary solution, the parades have been held at Intendente Magalhães.


title: Brazilian Carnival

text: Some Southern cities such as Uruguaiana, Florianópolis, and Porto Alegre have smaller samba school groups or blocos, but like São Paulo state towns, they seem to prefer balls to street dancing. Curitiba hosts modest carnival celebrations similar to those of other Brazilian cities and events such as Curitiba Rock Festival and a carnival Zombie Walk, all supported by Cultural Foundation of Curitiba which operates under supervision of government of Curitiba.


title: Brazilian Carnival

text: The Carnival parades in Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo take place in their "sambódromos", located close to the city center. In the Rio Sambódromo, the parades start at 20:00 or 21:00 (depending on the date) and end around 5:00 in the morning. The Rio de Janeiro Metro operates 24 hours during the main parade days.


title: Brazilian Carnival

text: Originated in Rio de Janeiro between the end of the 19th century and the first years of the 20th century, the samba is still one of the most popular music styles of Brazil. From intimate samba-canções (samba songs) sung in bars to explosive drum parades performed during carnival, samba always evokes a warm and vibrant mood. In the 1930s, a group of musicians led by Ismael Silva founded in the neighborhood of Estácio de Sá the first samba school, Deixa Falar. They transformed the musical genre to make it fit better the carnival parade. In this decade, the radio spread the genre's popularity all around the country, and with the support of the nationalist dictatorship of Getúlio Vargas, samba became Brazil's "official music."


title: Brazilian Carnival

text: In the following years, samba has developed in several directions, from the gentle samba-canção to the drum orchestras which make the soundtrack of carnival parade. One of these new styles was bossa nova, a musical movement initially spearheaded by young musicians and college students from Rio de Janeiro. It got increasingly popular over time, with the works of João Gilberto and Antonio Carlos Jobim. In the sixties, Brazil was politically divided, and the leftist musicians of bossa nova started to draw attention to the music made in the favelas. Many popular artists were discovered at this time. Names like Cartola, Nelson Cavaquinho, Velha Guarda da Portela, Zé Keti, and Clementina de Jesus recorded their first albums. In the seventies, the samba got back to radio. Composers and singers like Martinho da Vila, Clara Nunes, and Beth Carvalho dominated the hit parade.


title: Brazilian Carnival

text: In the beginning of the eighties, after having been sent to the underground due to styles like disco and Brazilian rock, Samba reappeared in the media with a musical movement created in the suburbs of Rio de Janeiro. It was the pagode, a renewed samba, with new instruments, like the banjo and the tantan, and a new language, more popular, filled with slang. The most popular names were Zeca Pagodinho, Almir Guineto, Grupo Fundo de Quintal, Jorge Aragão, and Jovelina Pérola Negra. Various samba schools have been founded throughout Brazil. A samba school combines the dancing and party fun of a night club with the gathering place of a social club and the community feeling of a volunteer group. During the spectacular Rio Carnival, famous samba schools parade in the Sambódromo.


title: Brazilian Carnival

text: Frevo is a wide range of musical styles originating from Recife and Olinda, Pernambuco, Brazil, all of which are traditionally associated with Brazilian Carnival. The word "frevo" is said to come from "frever", a misspeaking of the Portuguese word "ferver" (to boil). It is said that the sound of the "frevo" will make listeners and dancers to feel as they are boiling on the ground. The word frevo is normally used interchangeably either to mean the frevo music or the frevo dance.


title: Brazilian Carnival

text: The frevo music came first. By the end of the 19th century, bands from the Brazilian Army regiments based in the city of Recife started a tradition of parading during the Carnival. Since the Carnival is originally linked to religion, they played religious procession marches and martial music, as well. A couple of regiments had famous bands that attracted many followers and it was just a matter of time to people start to compare one to another and cheer for their favorite bands. The two most famous bands were the "Espanha" (meaning Spain), whose conductor was of Spanish origin, and the "14", from the 14th regiment. The bands started to compete with each other and also started playing faster and faster, louder and louder.


title: Brazilian Carnival

text: Axé is not exactly about a style or musical movement, but rather about a useful brand name given to artists from Salvador who made music upon northeastern Brazilian, Caribbean, and African rhythms with a pop-rock twist, which helped them take over the Brazilian hit parades since 1992. Axé is a ritual greeting used in Candomblé and Umbanda religions, and means "good vibration." The word music was attached to Axé, used as slang within the local music biz, by a journalist who intended to create a derogatory term for the pretentious dance-driven style.


title: Brazilian Carnival

text: As singer Daniela Mercury began her rise to stardom in Rio and São Paulo, anything coming from Salvador would be labeled Axé Music. Soon, the artists became oblivious to the derogatory origins of the term and started taking advantage of it. With the media pushing it forward, the soundtrack of Carnival in Salvador quickly spread over the country (through off-season Carnival shindigs), strengthening its industrial potentials and producing year-round hits along the 90s.


title: Brazilian Carnival

text: Tested within the height of Carnival heat, Axé songs have been commercially successful in Brazil throughout the past decade. The year 1998 was particularly fortunate for the artists from Bahia: together, Daniela Mercury, Claudia Leitte, Ivete Sangalo, Asa de Aguia, Chiclete com Banana, Araketu, Cheiro de Amor, and É o Tchan sold over 3.4 million records.


title: Brazilian Carnival

text: The Brazilian Carnival Parades were first broadcast in the late 1960s on television on Rede Globo, which brought the Rio celebrations live, bringing the celebrations to more people all over the nation. By the 1970s, color broadcasting and satellite transmissions made the broadcasts to be beamed to other parts of the nation in real-time, by then featuring the top schools under, since 1984 the Liga Independente das Escolas de Samba do Rio de Janeiro - also known as the "Special Group" (since 1990), and formerly under the Associação das Escolas de Samba da Cidade do Rio de Janeiro. The now-defunct Rede Manchete broadcast the event on several occasions and mounted a joint broadcast with Globo for the 1987 event.


title: Brazilian Carnival

text: Since 1991, Globo's broadcast of the parades, now dubbed "Globeleza", at the Sambodrome in Rio and São Paulo have become the center of national and international attention. Until 2017, fans of the samba schools on parade also expected to watch a short preview of the performances of the schools involved to be broadcast during the duration of the event. By 2018 lyric video style adverts appeared in their place, complete with the colours of the competing schools in attendance, featuring the lyrics of the songs to be performed by the schools.


title: Brazilian Carnival

text: Globo acquired also the rights to air the parade of samba schools of São Paulo in 1990, and victory parades there were later aired in other local TV channels. Parades belonging to the Access Group (5th Division) and the B Series schools in Rio were also broadcast on several TV stations and are still the case today (in 2015 Rede Record and NGT aired the parades of the lower-level schools). Since 2014, Globo also has full rights to the A Series (Rio) and Paulista parades, which were co-shared with the Viva Channel before its closure in 2015 (which aired lower-level parades and the victory parades of the two cities' winning schools for the year) and regionally, RBS airs the Carnivals of Florianopólis and Porto Alegre, and since 2015, cable channel TVCOM display the gaucho parades in the south. The Rio parade can also be heard on radio and seen via online streaming as well (thru TVG Rio and from 2015 in G1, which offers an online live streaming of the victory parade).


title: Brazilian Carnival

text: The Carnivals of Recife and Salvador are shown by Band since the early 2000s, and Band also holds broadcast rights for the victory parade. Both fall under the "Band Folia" brand. This is also the case for SBT which also broadcasts the events under the "SBT Folia" banner and is also, since recently, seen via live streaming on YouTube. Since 2008, Globo also has its own broadcast team and crew for the broadcasts of the late night Galo da Madrugada in Recife.


title: Khatta Meetha (2010 film)

text: Khatta Meetha () is a 2010 Indian Hindi-language political satire comedy film written and directed by Priyadarshan and produced by Dhilin Mehta and Twinkle Khanna under Shree Ashtavinayak Cine Vision Limited and Hari Om Entertainment. A remake of Priyadarshan's previous 1988 Malayalam film "Vellanakalude Nadu" (1988), scripted by Sreenivasan, the film stars Akshay Kumar and Trisha, while Kulbhushan Kharbanda, Rajpal Yadav, Asrani, Johnny Lever, Aruna Irani, Urvashi Sharma, Makarand Deshpande, Jaideep Ahlawat, Manoj Joshi, Milind Gunaji and Neeraj Vora feature in supporting roles. The story follows Sachin Tichkule, a struggling contractor whose failure in making peace with the corrupt bureaucracy in town as well as strained relation with his ex-girlfriend and his family leads to misadventures that deprive him of his closest relations. However, as he begins to mend his ways, justice comes knocking on his door.


title: Khatta Meetha (2010 film)

text: Released on 23 July 2010, "Khatta Meetha" opened to mixed reviews and was a below-average grosser at the time of release but became a cult film.


title: Khatta Meetha (2010 film)

text: Sachin Tichkule is a struggling Maharashtrian contractor who dreams big but has no chance of his dreams coming true as he doesn't have any money to bribe the bureaucracy. His family has lost faith in him, telling him to earn money through honest means. To make matters worse, the new Municipal Commissioner turns out to be his ex-girlfriend, Gehna Ganpule, who now hates him due to his wayward ways. His brothers-in-law Trigun Fatak, Suhas Vichare and his elder brother Harish Tichkule were all responsible for a bridge collapse resulting in many fatalities, and were helped by a politician named Sanjay Rana.


title: Khatta Meetha (2010 film)

text: After putting the blame of the mishap on their driver Vishwas Rao, they kill him later fearing he would reveal the truth. Meanwhile, Sanjay's lustful eyes fall on Sachin's sister Anjali (Urvashi Sharma). Sachin warns him to keep away from Anjali and slaps him. Meanwhile, a journalist named Azad Bhagat wants justice as his family was killed in that accident. Anjali is betrothed to Sanjay, unbeknownst to Sachin. When he confronts his father Ramakant Tichkule as to how the marriage is finalized to an evil man without his knowledge, he reprimands Sachin, saying he has no right to say anything as he has no money to marry his sister off. After losing touch with her, Sachin learns that Anjali has been attempting to contact him, and when he goes to their house one night, he is informed by the guard that they have gone out. While returning from Sanjay's house, he sees Azad sneaking out, but is left merely suspicious.


title: Khatta Meetha (2010 film)

text: Shortly after Sachin ends up complicating matters with Gehna when she slits her wrist in a suicide attempt upon being arrested for a fraudulent set-up on his part and is hospitalized, Sachin breaks the truth about his disillusionment with his past principles and reconciles with Gehna as well as her elder brother Madhav. A few days later he learns that Anjali died in a gas explosion. While Ramakant is devastated, Sachin is suspicious and smells foul play in her death. He then meets Azad again at the Municipal office in Gehna's presence, where he initially assumes he is a thief, but soon learns of Azad's intentions from her about how he had acquired strong evidence which would help in putting the people involved in the bridge collapse behind bars from Sanjay's house for which he sneaked into their house that day. They both then agree to help each other to reveal the corruption behind the faulty construction of the bridge.


title: Khatta Meetha (2010 film)

text: Gehna and Azad file a case against the fraudsters. Sanjay learns of this and gets Gehna transferred to another city, later hiring masked robbers who kill Azad while he is on his way to court. Sachin takes the fatally injured Azad to the hospital for treatment. At the hospital, while Azad is dying in Sachin's arms, he reveals that while he was stealing the evidence, he saw Anjali being raped by Sanjay's friends and it's not clear whether she was murdered by her rapists while she escaped or she committed suicide.


title: Khatta Meetha (2010 film)

text: Vowing vengeance against Sanjay, Sachin decides to search for the documents at Azad's house but finds it missing, prompting him to enlist the help of his sidekick Rangeela in a ploy to smoke it out. Attempting to make sure the evidence isn't revealed, Sanjay decides to hide it elsewhere. Sachin follows Sanjay and spots him fleeing with the bag full of evidence, whence a fight ensues between Sanjay and Sachin. Sanjay is then killed after being run over by a truck and Sachin successfully retrieves the evidence.


title: Khatta Meetha (2010 film)

text: Trigun, Harish and Suhas are arrested and the whole family, especially Sachin's sisters-in-law, begins belittling him, claiming he was jealous of them, blaming him for tarnishing the family name. Sachin then argues back that their husbands are still alive behind bars where the wives can see them, while the people who have died to the bridge collapse are gone forever, and nothing can be done to bring them back, and he had to deal with the pain of losing Anjali the most, considering that his brothers-in-law had a hand in her death and were not reprimanded.


title: Khatta Meetha (2010 film)

text: He decides to leave, until Ramakant stops him and realises his honesty and trustworthiness, rekindling their relationship, saying that he is proud of him. As he gets out of the house, Sachin spots Gehna, who tells him that she remained a spinster waiting for him, and confesses her love for Sachin and they decide to marry.


title: Khatta Meetha (2010 film)

text: Rajeev Masand of CNN-IBN rated the film 3 out of 5 saying, "Khatta Meetha" is a complete family film, which had its moments. Sukanya Verma of Rediff gave it 2/5 saying, "The story with its baggage of generic turns and contrived twists manages to laugh the audience at many points but all seems too familiar in making its even-now significant point. In addition, it seems a tad too long at its three hours running time. Noyon Jyoti Parasara of AOL rated the film 1.5/5 and stated, "In no way does 'Khatta Meetha' look like a film made by a director who has made 80 films till date. Certainly not from a director who got a National Award barely a year back for 'Kanchivaram'. This one is a rather amateur product which is best avoided." Blessy Chettiar of DNA gave it a rating of 2/5 and said, "Khatta Meetha is a hotchpotch of too much drama and very little comedy". Nikhat Kazmi of the Times of India gave it the highest rating of 3.5/5 saying, "Tune off a bit for the tedious middle and you could be in for some fun and frolic in Khatta Meetha".


title: Khatta Meetha (2010 film)

text: The film's soundtrack is composed by Pritam with lyrics penned by Irshad Kamil and Nitin Raikwar, with rapper U.R.L. performing the Marathi rap on "Nana Chi Taang".


title: Donatello (Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles)

text: Donatello, nicknamed Don or Donnie, is a superhero and one of the four main characters of the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles comics and all related media. He is the smartest and often gentlest of his brothers, bearing a purple mask over his eyes. He wields a bō staff, his primary signature weapon in all media.


text: He is the adoptive and mutated son of Master Splinter, as well as the younger brother of Leonardo and Raphael, and older brother of Michelangelo. He is the third eldest/second youngest brother of the turtles, and second-in-command of the team. A common trait in the franchise is that he is the tallest ninja turtle, demonstrated in the IDW comics, the DC crossover film, the 2014 reboot, and most notably, in the 2012 animated series. Donnie often speaks in technobabble with a natural aptitude for science and technology. His ninja skills are the lowest of the four turtles; as he relies on gadgets over combat skills. Like all of the brothers, he is named after a Renaissance artist; in this case, he is named after Italian sculptor Donatello. He is the favorite turtle of co-creator Peter Laird, who served as the basis of Donatello's personality.


text: In the comics, Donatello is depicted as the calmest turtle. While the comics' portrayal of the team has no official command structure, in the early stories he is depicted as the next in command, and the closest brother to Leonardo. In the first issue, he is the one that killed the Shredder by knocking him and his grenade off the roof. The second issue elaborated more on each turtles' personalities and opened with Donatello soldering a circuit. Later in the issue, Donatello states that he is "familiar with some computer systems" and helps April O'Neil deactivate the Mousers. During the turtles' exile to Northampton, Donatello becomes obsessed with fixing up and repairing the many broken things within the farmhouse they were living in. Most notably he spent days and nights fixing the boiler to give his family hot running water and builds a windmill and a water wheel to provide electricity. He also finds an old typewriter and writes his own personal credo.


text: In the "Donatello" one shot, Donatello encounters an artist called Kirby (an homage to the comic artist Jack Kirby) whose mysterious crystal brings his drawings to life before disappearing. The two newfound friends journey to a dimension inhabited by Kirby's creations and help the heroes defeat the invading monsters.


text: In the "Shades of Grey" storyline, Casey Jones encounters the turtle by a ravine as he was pondering "the fractal structure of natural patterns". Casey accuses the turtle of using big words and acting better than everyone else. Donatello suggests they should continue the conversation when Casey is sober. Grabbing a stick, an angry Jones continually pokes the turtle until he loses his temper and sends Casey careening into the water.


text: In the "City at War" storyline, the turtles return to New York to put an end to the Foot Clan's civil war. During a battle with Shredder's Elite Guards in the ruins of the Second Time Around Shop, Donatello falls through the floor and breaks his leg. Seeing their ally Karai subdued and about to be killed, Donatello grabs one of the Foot's machine guns and repeatedly shoots the Foot Elite. Donatello is visibly shaken by the violence and throws the gun away. At the end of the story the turtles, April and Casey move back to New York save for Donatello who chooses to stay in Northampton with Master Splinter to heal from his injury as well as reflect on everything that had happened. After encountering the turtle vigilante ally Nobody in civilian guise he returns with him to New York to help his brothers battle Baxter Stockman.


text: In the current comics, Donatello finds an armored truck in the sewers which apparently had been part of a bank robbery in the sixties. Along with Raphael and Casey Jones, he undertakes the task of fixing up the vehicle. Donatello decides to accompany the Utroms on a mission to Tepui to search for two missing research teams. The group are attacked by strange wooden creatures who shrink them to miniature size. The creatures turn out to be a group of Utroms which had been stranded in the Jungle during their first stay on Earth and had been living in secret thanks to their Quantum Inversion Redimensioning device which could alter their size. The process could not be reversed on Donatello, possibly due to his mutation, leaving him the size of an action figure. While the Utroms work on returning him to normal, Donatello put his new size to use infiltrating a terrorist organizations warehouse. He has also made a robotic body for him made to resemble a turtle to help him move around.


text: In the Image Comics incarnation of the TMNT, he became a cyborg after his body was partially destroyed after he was shot and dropped out of a helicopter (he maintained a positive attitude nonetheless, although he was constantly at risk of losing his mind to the cyborg half). He was almost killed by Image character Deathwatch by having his brain drained of mutagen, while assailing with mental torture tactics. Leonardo blamed the CPU of his injured brother's armor for his subsequent brain death; however, Donatello was not dead but was somehow separated from his body, and with the help of his brothers he returned to his body. In the independent published series of the Image Comics, Issue #24, Don's armor began to malfunction and was so powerful Donatello was on his last legs until he made a deal with Baxter Stockman who Don was reluctant to work with but had no choice. Donatello is rid of most of his body metal by issue #25 and Baxter informs him his shell had regrown and as a result he was back to being a non-cyborg turtle. Baxter died once more when Don's metal particles would not help restore his body; as a result Baxter requested Donatello give April O'Neil his regards and he died laughing maniacally. Donatello then went on to battle Lady Shredder and the foot clan with his brothers and Pimiko. Donatello was then by the end of the issue completely rid of all metal particles and had kept his and Baxter's ordeal a secret.


text: In the official IDW-published conclusion, TMNT Urban Legends, after Dr. X activated an EMP, the living armor abandoned Donatello for a new host, where it was discovered the armor had been impeding Donatello's natural healing abilities.


text: Donatello's appearance in the Archie publications were largely based on the 1987 Fred Wolf incarnation, but with Mirage writers on board at "Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles Adventures" such as Steve Murphy and Ryan Brown, a lot of references to his Mirage counterpart were made. Donatello was showcased to be pure of heart and soul, being able to pass through the Netherworld unscathed. He was also chosen of the Turtles by a group of Aliens known as the Sons of Silence to share their wisdom. He was one of the few who could telepathically communicate with them. Donatello was almost a pacifist, detesting every time he used violence.


text: In a shocking twist, Donatello was nearly killed at the end of issue #44 when Leonardo, Raphael and Michelangelo were on a mission to stop Krang from transforming the Earth using an alien device called the "Technodrome". Donatello was left at the home base, and while the others were away, he was attacked by Bebop and Rocksteady. After a brief fight, Rocksteady smashed Donatello's shell, nearly killing him.


text: The news of his supposed death spread all over the interview and IGN conducted an interview with script writer Tom Waltz, where he called the final scene a beautiful rendered scene, catching the emotion of the family. He also claimed there was no earthly way that Donatello could survive, but at the same time, he said it was not the end of him and his career.


text: In Issue #45, Donatello was not dead as his spirit was in an alternate plane and he was barely clinging to life. Leonardo, Michelangelo and Raphael carried Donatello's body into the freezer to slow down the bleeding and increase his chance of survival. Fugitoid says he needs to go to Burrow Island to get the equipment to save Donatello. Splinter finds Donatello's spirit and guides his son back to earth, however, due to Donatello wearing a helmet to keep his consciousness alive, his mind is in Metalhead, while his own body is being restored to how it was before his near demise.


text: In Issue #46, In Harold's lab, Donatello-as-Metalhead finishes prepping his body to be moved to the lair. He tries his best to remain brave, but being trapped in a robot body has been an upsetting experience. The Fugitoid tries to help Donnie adapt to having his mind in a robot body while Harold sees to Metalhead’s repairs (the robot having been trashed by Bebop and Rocksteady). Raphael storms off with Alopex following behind him. Raphael starts regretting leaving Donatello behind and seeing him in a robot body is too much for Raphael to handle, but as soon as Alopex and Leonardo give him some comfort he eventually accepts Donatello as Metalhead and he, Leo and Mikey go on patrol while Donatello and the Fugitoid transfer Donnie's turtle body to the lair of the turtles while Harold gets some equipment to help Donatello get back into his own body.


text: In issue #47, He mentioned to Fugitoid and Harold he is connected to his body's vital signs. Indicating he could still feel his body and was slowly getting back to normal. In issue #50, Metalhead self-destructed and Donatello returned to his organic body which has now been outfitted with an artificial shell. Since then he has been fighting alongside his brothers.


text: Donatello is a gifted scientist and mathematician. He does a lot of work with vehicles, technology, and experiments. Any science and math skill you can think of, he will do it all. Donatello is not as rowdy and violent as his brothers, but he can get a little annoyed with them on occasion. However he never loses his temper. Donatello is calm, sensible, quiet, friendly, and gentle. He does not get into a lot confrontations with his brothers. He is more interested in his work than in his ninjutsu but he still attends to ninja practice and works hard there as well as his projects.


text: Donatello appears in the 1987 animated television series, voiced by Barry Gordon, and understudied for 3 episodes by Greg Berg. In this series, he is depicted as the genius of the group who invents many of the turtles' vehicles and equipment including the Turtle Van, the Turtle Blimp and the Turtle Com. He is the calmer turtle out of the 4 turtles. Donatello made many revolutionary inventions, the most notable being the portable portal capable of opening gateways to other dimensions as well as an early warning system which warns of impending attacks from other dimensions or from Krang and Shredder.


text: Gordon reprised the role of the 1987 Donatello in five episodes of the 2012 TV series, "Wormquake!", "Trans-Dimensional Turtles" and the three part series final "Wanted: Bebop & Rocksteady".


text: The 1990 "" would have its first show broadcast from Radio City Music Hall on Pay Per View and later released on VHS. Donatello would be depicted as playing both a portable electric keyboard and in some iterations of the show after this initial show, a keyboard guitar. He was also depicted as having constructed all of the Turtles instruments. The "Making Of" VHS tape, which was set in the fictional 'universe' of the concert, depicted the Turtles as real people, and expanded on Donatello's interest in electronics, and confirms the concert's claim that he constructed the Turtles' instruments. He is also shown helping backstage during the construction of the set for the inaugural show.


text: Donatello appeared in the live-action series, "", as well as the crossover episode of "Power Rangers in Space", portrayed by Richard Yee and voiced by Jason Gray-Stanford.


text: Donatello appears in the 2003 animated series, voiced by Sam Riegel. However he is more pacifistic in this incarnation. His skin color is a medium olive green color; this particular color is only used for him in the 2003 animation. In the fourth season, during an outbreak of mutations of people and animals in New York, Donatello got a nasty gash by a monster while fighting several monsters with his brothers. Then in the episode two-part episode "Return of Savanti", Donatello ended up coming down with the sniffles. Later in the episode "Adventures in Turtlesitting", he went from a turtle who was home ill with the flu to a monster himself as a result of being infected by the outbreak. A similar situation happened with Raphael in the comics. In the seventh season, also called "Back to the Sewer", Donatello blamed himself for Master Splinter's decompiling and vowed to restore his bits from cyberspace. This obsession caused him to disregard anything else, such as the gang war between the Foot Clan and the Purple Dragons, as unimportant. It was not until seeing his brothers in danger from the Cyber Shredder did he realize he was ignoring his responsibilities to help them and promised not to let his obsession with saving Master Splinter take control again.


text: Donatello appears in Nickelodeon's 2012 animated series, voiced by Rob Paulsen. In this version, Donatello has a crush on April O'Neil (who is also in teenage years in this adaptation). Despite Donatello being quiet, sensitive, and friendly, he also can be sarcastic and is here more prone to panicking and losing his temper. Donatello is active and purpose-driven, but at times does not understand and/or has a hard time grasping the lectures of Master Splinter. A running gag is Raphael scolding or hitting him whenever he explains something in scientific terms. His character design was also updated, giving him a gap in his teeth and a taller, leaner appearance than his brothers. In this version, he wields a bō staff that converts to a naginata (Japanese halberd).


text: Donatello also shows to have a heart as big as his intelligence as he, like his brother Michelangelo, care for humans and creatures that others find a nuisance like The Pulverizer and Bigfoot. His passion to help others is most demonstrated when he creates a retro-mutagen to undo mutations that happen throughout the series.


text: Donatello appears once again in the 2018 series "Rise of the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles", voiced by Josh Brener. This version is described as "an unflappable mechanical genius and tech wizard whose ninja skills are second only to his coding." This incarnation of Donatello is more confident, sociable, level-headed, and sarcastic, and wields a high-tech bō staff modified by rocket boosters. It is also confirmed that this version of Donatello falls on the Autism Spectrum.


text: In "", Donnie mostly takes a backseat with Mikey, looking out for each other while they fight against the Krang. The two manage to seize control of the Technodrome, with Donnie organically connecting to the ship's main controls, before being ripped out by Krang Leader. After Leonardo sacrifies himself to save Earth from the Krang invasion, Mikey is able to open a portal to the prison dimension with the help of Donnie and Raph and rescue Leo.


text: Donatello appears in the first three live action films. He is depicted as more childish than he was in the Mirage comics and the 1987 animated series, as he is shown joking around more. He is voiced by voiced by Corey Feldman in the first movie. In the second film, "", Adam Carl provided his voice. He finds himself dejected when professor Perry reveals that the turtles' creation was a mere accident, as the ooze was just the result of chemical spillage rather than a deliberate product, but Splinter comforts him by telling him their worth is not defined by their past. He later assists Perry with the creation of an antidote to the Ooze, which the turtles use on Shredder's mutant minions, Tokka and Razhar. In the third film, Feldman reprises his role from the first film. He is the only Turtle who is not tempted to stay in the Feudal Japan of the past, saying that he can't live without technology.


text: Donatello has a supporting role in the 2007 film, voiced by Mitchell Whitfield. In the film, Donatello runs an IT tech support line to earn money for the family and keeps an eye on Mikey. He also serves as the turtles' unofficial leader until Leonardo returns from training in Central America.


text: Donatello appears in "Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles" (2014), portrayed by Jeremy Howard. In this film, Donatello is the brains of the team and relies heavily on high-tech equipment and gear. His personality in this film is very calm and measured, and was also given a much more nerdy portrayal than in previous adaptations, on account of his large glasses with the middle taped. He also has a similar personality to his 1987 and 2003 counterparts where he is always talking of calculations and constantly confusing his brothers with them. He is also the one who stopped the toxic poison that Shredder had activated on Sacks Tower. Like Michelangelo and Leonardo, Donatello wears a glove on his left hand, has a tech pack on his shell and boots although you can partly see his toes making only him, Raphael and Michelangelo the only turtles to stay true to their other incarnations with the two toes. Donatello appears in the sequel, "", with Howard reprising his role. In the film, Donatello discovers the mutagen Shredder used on Bebop and Rocksteady cam be used to turn the turtles into humans, which Michelangelo overhears, leading to a brief friction between the team. He later hacks into the Technodrome's computer, allowing the turtles to find the beacon Krang is using to build it and send it back to Krang's native dimension.


text: Donatello appears in the direct-to-video crossover film "Batman vs. Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles", voiced by Baron Vaughn. He is the one who located the Batcave after an encounter with Batman. After becoming allies, he soon becomes fast friends with Batgirl and concocts an anti-mutagen alongside her to reverse the effects and nullify the plans of the Shredder and Ra's al Ghul, who developed a mutant army out of their henchmen. Near the climax, Ghul breaks Donatello's arm from a counter attack, resulting in Donatello having to guide Michelangelo through disabling the mutagen-disseminating device, which he does by recklessly smashing its parts. At the film's conclusion, Donatello's arm is placed in a sling by Alfred before he partakes in eating pizza with his brothers and newfound allies.


text: Donatello is shown to appear in the upcoming , the first computer-animated Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles flim since "TMNT (2007)". Donatello's voice hasen't been comfirmed. He's shown to wear glasses, in contrast to his previous designs, and is comfirmed to be voiced by an actual teenager.


text: In the video games based on the 1987 animated series, Donatello has the longest range, although he cannot inflict as much damage as Leonardo, who has the second-longest range; one notable exception is the first NES game, where Donatello both did the most damage and had the longest range, though his attacks were slow. This has been carried over into the games inspired by the 2003 animated series. In "", he is voiced by Sam Riegel.


text: Donatello is one of the main playable characters in "", where he is voiced by Yuri Lowenthal. Donatello also appears in the 2014 film-based game, voiced by Oliver Vaquer.


text: Donatello is featured as one of the playable characters from "Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles" as DLC in "Injustice 2", voiced by Joe Brogie. While Leonardo is the default turtle outside the gear loadout, he, Michelangelo and Raphael can only be picked through the said loadout selection similar to the premier skin characters.


text: Donatello is featured as a TMNT season pass in "Smite" as a Sun Wukong skin, voiced by Landon McDonald. He is also available as a skin in "Brawlhalla".


text: Donatello is also a main playable character in the sequel to "", titled "". In the game, Donatello once more carries a high range stat, balanced by an average power stat and low speed. This is the first official "Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles" game in which he is played by his original voice actor, Barry Gordon.


title: Nicolò Zaniolo

text: Nicolò Zaniolo (; born 2 July 1999) is an Italian professional footballer who plays as an attacking midfielder or winger for club Roma and the Italy national team.


title: Nicolò Zaniolo

text: Born in Massa, Tuscany, Zaniolo grew up in the Fiorentina youth system. On the final day of the 2016 mid year transfer window, he was released by Fiorentina, and subsequently joined Virtus Entella. After several months playing for the Entella "Primavera" side, Zaniolo was given his professional debut in Serie B on 11 March 2017, aged 17, in a 3–2 win against Benevento. In total, he collected seven appearances for the "Biancocelesti" in the 2016–17 season.


title: Nicolò Zaniolo

text: On 5 July 2017, Inter Milan announced they had signed Zaniolo, for a reported fee of €1.8 million, plus €1.7 million in bonuses. He played for the "Primavera" side in the 2017–18 season, finishing top-scorer of the team with 13 goals and winning the Campionato Nazionale Primavera. Zaniolo made his Inter debut in a pre-season friendly on 9 July 2017. However, he did not play any competitive game for Inter's first team.


title: Nicolò Zaniolo

text: In June 2018, it was reported that Zaniolo and Davide Santon had joined Roma as a part of the deal moving Radja Nainggolan to Inter. Zaniolo completed his medical on 25 June, and signed a five-year contract with the club, for a fee of €4.5 million plus 15% resell revenue. He made his first appearance for Roma and UEFA Champions League debut on 19 September, in a 3–0 defeat to Real Madrid at the Santiago Bernabéu. He made his Serie A debut on 26 September 2018, aged 19, in the home match won 4–0 against Frosinone. On 26 December, he scored his first goal in Serie A in a 3–1 win against Sassuolo. The following year, during a UEFA Champions League match against FC Porto, Zaniolo became the youngest Italian player to score twice in a single match in the competition when he scored both of Roma's goals in a 2–1 win.


title: Nicolò Zaniolo

text: On 12 January 2020, Zaniolo suffered an anterior cruciate ligament injury in his right knee during a 2–1 home loss to Juventus. He returned to training in late June 2020. In addition, he received letters of support from both the Italian and global footballing community, including Roberto Mancini, Roberto Baggio, and Francesco Totti, who had previously been operated by the same surgeon.


title: Nicolò Zaniolo

text: Although he had been set to miss the remainder of club football season and, highly likely, the upcoming UEFA Euro 2020 (before the UEFA's March 2020 decision to postpone the tournament for a year) as well, all footballing activities in Europe were suspended by March 2020 due to COVID-19 pandemic, with club competitions rescheduled to be played behind closed doors starting since the summer.


title: Nicolò Zaniolo

text: On 5 July 2020, Zaniolo made his return-from-injury appearance, coming onto the pitch after 66 minutes in the away Serie A 1–2 loss against Napoli. A week later, Zaniolo scored his first post-injury goal in the away Serie A 3–0 win over Brescia, which was followed by another goal scored at the tail-end of a 6–1 away Serie A win over SPAL on 22 July 2020.


title: Nicolò Zaniolo

text: Zaniolo missed the entire 2020–21 season due to another anterior cruciate ligament injury sustained in September 2020 over the international break. He returned to the pitch in July 2021 during pre-season, under newly appointed coach José Mourinho.


title: Nicolò Zaniolo

text: Zaniolo scored his first goal since his return from his second knee injury in the 3–0 win over Trabzonspor in the inaugural UEFA Europa Conference League. On 25 May 2022, he scored the only goal as Roma beat Feyenoord in the final to win the Europa Conference League.


title: Nicolò Zaniolo

text: With the Italy under-19 side, Zaniolo took part in the 2018 UEFA European Under-19 Championship, reaching the final of the tournament, which Italy lost 4–3 after extra time against Portugal.


title: Nicolò Zaniolo

text: He made his debut with the Italy U21 team on 11 October 2018, under manager Luigi Di Biagio, in a 1–0 friendly defeat to Belgium.


title: Nicolò Zaniolo

text: On 1 September 2018, he was given his first senior international call-up for Italy by manager Roberto Mancini – without having received a cap in Serie A – for Italy's opening UEFA Nations League matches against Poland and Portugal later that month.


title: Nicolò Zaniolo

text: He made his debut with the senior team on 23 March 2019, entering as a substitute for Verratti in a 2–0 home win over Finland in Italy's opening UEFA Euro 2020 qualifying match. He made his first start for Italy on 15 October, in a 5–0 away win against Liechtenstein, in a Euro 2020 qualifier (the opposition that day included Yanik Frick, a childhood friend). His first international goals came on 18 November, a brace in a 9–1 home win over Armenia, in Italy's final Euro 2020 qualifier; he also set up Ciro Immobile's second goal during the match.


title: Nicolò Zaniolo

text: On 7 September 2020, after being called up for the start of Italy's campaign in the 2020–21 UEFA Nations League, he suffered a second anterior cruciate ligament injury in eight months, this time in his left knee, in an eventual 1–0 away win over the Netherlands.


title: Nicolò Zaniolo

text: Standing at , Zaniolo is a tall, strong, and fast player, who is also a good dribbler. A versatile player, due to his creativity, technique, work-rate, energy, and physicality, he can operate in several midfield positions, and has been used as an attacking midfielder or "trequartista," as an offensive-minded central midfielder or "mezzala," as a box-to-box midfielder, and even as a deep-lying playmaker.


title: Nicolò Zaniolo

text: He can even play out on the flanks, due to his goalscoring abilities, ability to create chances for teammates, the breadth he provides, and the attacking threat he poses with his striking ability from distance and penchant for making late runs.


title: Nicolò Zaniolo

text: Zaniolo is the son of , a former professional footballer who played as a forward in Serie B and Serie C. He has a son, Tommaso, born in 2021 from his former girlfriend Sara Scaperrotta.


title: Flag of California

text: The Bear Flag is the official flag of the U.S. state of California. The precursor of the flag was first flown during the 1846 Bear Flag Revolt and was also known as the Bear Flag. A predecessor, called the Lone Star Flag, was used in an 1836 independence movement; the red star element from that flag appears in the Bear Flag of today.


title: Flag of California

text: In 1953, the design and specifications for the state flag were standardized in a bill signed by Governor Earl Warren and illustrated by Donald Graeme Kelley of Marin County, California. The California state flag is often called the "Bear Flag" and in fact, the present statute adopting the flag, California Government Code § 420, states: "The Bear Flag is the State Flag of California."


title: Flag of California

text: Pursuant to Section 439 of the California Government Code, the regulations and protocols for the proper display of the flag of California is controlled by the California Adjutant General:


title: Flag of California

text: When the flag is displayed vertically, it is rotated 90 degrees clockwise such that the bear and star face upward and red stripe is on the left.


title: Flag of California

text: The first official version of the Bear Flag was adopted by the California State Legislature and signed into law by Governor Hiram Johnson in 1911 as the official state flag.


title: Flag of California

text: The contemporary state flag is white with a wide red strip along the bottom. There is a red star in the upper left corner and a grizzly bear facing left (toward the hoist) in the center, walking on a patch of green grass. The size of the bear is 2/3 the size of the hoist width and has a ratio of 2 by 1. The grass plot has a ratio of 11 to 1. The five-point star is taken from the California Lone Star Flag of 1836. The hoist of the flag is two-thirds the fly.


title: Flag of California

text: The bear on one 1911 version of the flag is claimed to have been modeled on the last California grizzly bear in captivity. The bear, named "Monarch", was captured in 1889 by newspaper reporter Allan Kelly, at the behest of William Randolph Hearst. The bear was subsequently moved to Woodwards Gardens in San Francisco, and then to the zoo at Golden Gate Park. After the bear's death in 1911, it was mounted and preserved at the Academy of Sciences at Golden Gate Park.


title: Flag of California

text: While the bear flag was adopted in 1911, until 1953 the image of the bear varied depending on the flag manufacturer, and was finally standardized based on an image of Monarch. In 1953 the bear image was standardized based on an 1855 watercolor by Charles Christian Nahl. The 1953 law includes an official black and white rendering of the bear as well as the plot of grass and brown tufts. This drawing and other specifications that define the flag's colors and dimensions are identified as "54-J-03".


title: Flag of California

text: The Californian flag is one of two U.S. state flags to feature a bear, the other being that of Missouri.


title: Flag of California

text: In 2001, the North American Vexillological Association surveyed its members on the designs of the 72 U.S. state, U.S. territorial, and Canadian provincial flags and ranked the flag of California 13th.


title: Flag of California

text: The 1953 legislation defined the exact shades of the California flag with a total of five colors (including the white field) relative to the 9th edition of the Standard Color Card of America (now called the Standard Color Reference of America). It is one of only four US state flags that does not contain the color blue (the other three being Alabama, Maryland, and New Mexico).


title: Flag of California

text: In 1836, a coup led by Juan Alvarado declared Alta California's independence from Mexico. Declaring himself governor, Alvarado recruited U.S. frontiersmen, led by Isaac Graham, to support him. The rebels easily captured the capital Monterey, but were unable to convince southern leaders such as Juan Bandini and Carlos Antonio Carrillo to join the rebellion. Faced with a civil war, Alvarado and the other "Californios" negotiated a compromise with the central government wherein California's leaders accepted its status as a "department" under the "Siete Leyes" Mexican constitution of 1836, in return for more local control. Alvarado was appointed governor the next year.


title: Flag of California

text: The Lone Star Flag of California, associated with Alvarado's rebellion, contained a single red star on a white background. One last original flag is archived at the Autry National Center.


title: Flag of California

text: The original grizzly bear flag was created by Peter Storm. A version of this bear flag, designed by William L. Todd, was raised in Sonoma, California, in June 1846 on a date between the 14th and the 17th, by the men who became known as the "Bear Flaggers", including William B. Ide. The exact creation date is at least somewhat unclear. However, U.S. Naval Lieutenant John Missroon reported the flag's existence as of June 17, 1846.


title: Flag of California

text: William L. Todd was a cousin of Mary Todd Lincoln. According to the book "Flags Over California", published by the California Military Department, the star on the flag recalled the 1836 California Lone Star Flag. Todd, in an 1878 letter to the "Los Angeles Express", states that the star was drawn using blackberry juice and in recognition of the California Lone Star Flag. The bear was designed to be a symbol of strength and unyielding resistance.


title: Flag of California

text: The original Bear Flag and the republic it symbolized had a brief career, from about June 14 until July 9. On July 7, 1846, Commodore John Drake Sloat of the United States Navy's Pacific Squadron first raised the 28-star American flag at Monterey, the capital of Alta California, and claimed the territory for the United States.