title: Hellbound: Hellraiser II

text: Kirsty and Tiffany reconnect and attempt to escape, but are ambushed by Channard, who has now become a Cenobite. The girls flee and encounter Pinhead and his Cenobites. Kirsty shows Pinhead a photograph of Spencer that she took from Channard's study, and he gradually remembers that he was human. Suddenly, Channard appears. Pinhead and the other Cenobites attempt to fight him, but Channard easily overpowers and kills them all; before being killed, Spencer exchanges a poignant glance with Kirsty.


title: Hellbound: Hellraiser II

text: Channard traps Kirsty and Tiffany. Kirsty finds Julia's skin and wears it to distract Channard, giving Tiffany enough time to once again solve the Lament Configuration. Channard is killed and the door to hell is finally closed. The girls leave the hospital.


title: Hellbound: Hellraiser II

text: Elsewhere, two moving men are removing Dr. Channard's belongings from his home. One is pulled inside of the mattress, and the other witnesses a . One of the faces fused to the pillar is the vagrant from the previous film, which asks the man, "What's your pleasure, sir?"


title: Hellbound: Hellraiser II

text: Clive Barker returned as executive producer for the sequel. Tony Randel directed due to his experience of working with Barker on "Hellraiser". Randel claims the dark tone of the movie reflected his own mindset on the world at the time. The picture was due to have a much larger budget but it decreased after financial issues with New World Pictures.


title: Hellbound: Hellraiser II

text: Nicholas Vince, who plays the Chatterer, received a hook to the jaw while filming a scene involving his character being impaled on a swinging torture rack surrounded by the many hanging chains. He also requested his character have eyes to help his vision, which caused some discontent with fans who derided the new design. A scene in which the character receives his "vision" was removed from the final cut, causing some confusion at his introductory scene in "Hellbound" featuring him in his original "eyeless" guise.


title: Hellbound: Hellraiser II

text: Originally, there was going to be an extra scene during the ending when Kirsty and Tiffany are running from Channard. The scene was planned so that during their escape the duo run into a doctor and nurse. The doctor demands to know what are they doing. Kirsty backs away in horror when suddenly the doctor and nurse turn into Pinhead and the Female Cenobite, before she and Tiffany continue running. The scene was filmed but was ultimately dropped from the final cut for two reasons. One was because the filmmakers thought that having actor Doug Bradley as a normal doctor would confuse the viewers, and another was because the special effects for the scene turned out poorly, so it was decided to discard it altogether. However, a photographer who was on set took some photos of Pinhead and the Female Cenobite dressed as surgeons which were used for promotion of the film, and were also used on some VHS/DVD covers of the movie, confusing fans and starting rumors about an "infamous deleted surgery scene". Some trailers do show a few shots from this unfinished scene, as well as parts of another deleted scene with Chatterer stopping the elevator with his hand and jumping at Kirsty and Tiffany. The lost scene was eventually rediscovered on a VHS workprint and announced as an extra for Arrow Video's Blu-ray reissue of the first three films in the series.


title: Hellbound: Hellraiser II

text: British Shakespearean actor Kenneth Cranham, who plays Channard, claimed his involvement was due to his grandson pestering him to take up the offer, being a fan of the original.


title: Hellbound: Hellraiser II

text: Oliver Smith, who played Skinless Frank in the original due to his skinny frame (allowing the body makeup to be realistic), reprised his role along with two extra roles as Browning (the mental patient with delusional parasitosis) and as the skinless figure Kirsty sees in the hospital who writes "I Am In Hell Help Me" in blood on the wall.


title: Hellbound: Hellraiser II

text: Composer Christopher Young also returned to compose a more bombastic score larger in scope. For the horn-like sound supposedly emanating from Leviathan in the center of Hell's labyrinth, he had the morse code for the word "god" incorporated.


title: Hellbound: Hellraiser II

text: An alternate script with Kirsty's father Larry exists, written before Andrew Robinson declined to reprise the role. Many reasons were given for this including disagreement over fees and a clash of schedules although nothing has ever been confirmed. Dr. Channard was originally called Dr. Malahide but this was changed by the director. It was revealed in the documentary "Leviathan: The Story of Hellraiser and Hellbound: Hellraiser 2" from Andrew Robinson that he was not a fan of the script and decided to not return as his character was finished anyway. Writer Peter Atkins said that despite liking Robinson as an actor he was relieved that he declined as it made the narrative work a lot better in the finished project.


title: Hellbound: Hellraiser II

text: "Hellbound" was initially rated X by the Motion Picture Association of America, which would have limited it to those 17 and older. Barker attributed this to preferring explicit displays of the grotesque rather than hinting at it.


title: Hellbound: Hellraiser II

text: "Hellbound: Hellraiser II" was shown at the Toronto Festival of Festivals on 9 September 1988. It was later shown in Los Angeles and New York on 23 December. During its theatrical release, "Hellbound" grossed $12,090,735 in the United States, and £980,503 in the United Kingdom.


title: Hellbound: Hellraiser II

text: On the review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, "Hellbound: Hellraiser II" holds a 50% approval rating based on 30 critic reviews, with an average rating of 5.30/10. The consensus reads: ""Hellbound: Hellraiser II" retains the twisted visual thrill of its predecessor, although seams in the plot are already starting to show".


title: Hellbound: Hellraiser II

text: Roger Ebert of the "Chicago Sun-Times" described it as "some kind of avant-garde film strip in which there is no beginning, no middle, no end, but simply a series of gruesome images that can be watched in any order". Caryn James of "The New York Times" wished for more plot and less "silly" effects: "Ogling strange creatures is the film's true reason for being". In a more positive review, Chris Willman of the "Los Angeles Times" called it "faster and campier" than its predecessor, "more of an action/adventure picture this time around, if still an exceptionally grisly one". Retrospective reviews have called it the best sequel in the franchise.


title: Club Atlético Independiente

text: Club Atlético Independiente () is an Argentine professional sports club, which has its headquarters and stadium in the city of Avellaneda in Greater Buenos Aires. The club is best known for its football team, which plays in the Primera División and is considered one of Argentina's "Big Five" football clubs.


title: Club Atlético Independiente

text: Independiente was officially founded on 1 January 1905, although the institution had been formed on 4 August 1904. Originally from Monserrat, a neighbourhood of Buenos Aires, the club moved to Avellaneda in 1907. The football team has won 16 Primera División titles (the last one was the 2002 Apertura) and 9 National cups.


title: Club Atlético Independiente

text: In international club football competitions, Independiente has won a total of 21 titles, with 18 of them organised by CONMEBOL and other associations. Independiente's achievements include a record of seven Copa Libertadores won, being the only club to win four finals in a row, between 1972 and 1975. The club has won the Copa Interamericana three times, the Supercopa Sudamericana twice, the Recopa Sudamericana once, the Intercontinental Cup twice (1973 and 1984), and the Copa Sudamericana twice, in 2010 and 2017. The 2018 Suruga Bank Championship was its most recent achievement.


title: Club Atlético Independiente

text: These achievements led the team to adopt the nickname of "Rey de Copas" (King of Cups) after they conquered its 12th international title, the first team in the world to do so, in reference to the Spanish playing cards' highest number. After winning the 1984 Intercontinental Cup against Liverpool F.C. in Japan, Independiente won the first confrontation involving Argentine and British teams after the Falklands War, a triumph that was celebrated by all Argentines and gave the team the motto of "Orgullo Nacional" (National Pride).


title: Club Atlético Independiente

text: Apart from football, other activities practised at the club are athletics, basketball, boxing, chess, field hockey, futsal, handball, gymnastics, martial arts, Pilates, roller skating, scuba diving, swimming, tennis, volleyball, water polo, and yoga.


title: Club Atlético Independiente

text: Also, the club has its own school, with Pre-Kindergarten, Kindergarten, Elementary and Secondary school levels.


title: Club Atlético Independiente

text: Independiente was founded on 4 August 1904. A group of employees from a shoes store located in Buenos Aires city founded a football club called Maipú FC. The mostly young employees were only allowed to watch the games; they could not play for the team. As a result, at a meeting in a bar located in front of the club, they chose to form a new club. The name chosen was "Independiente" to mark their independence from Maipú FC.


title: Club Atlético Independiente

text: Rosendo Degiorgi was appointed interim president. Degiorgi's family offered the use of a small room in their home to serve as the first club headquarters. It was established the Sunday 1 January 1905 as the official foundation date. Arístides Langone was elected first president of the institution, and it was proposed by him to adopt white with details in blue as the club's colors, inspired by team St. Andrew's, the first champions of football in Argentina winners of 1891 season.


title: Club Atlético Independiente

text: Independiente played the first game on his history on Sunday 15 January 1905, against Atlanta, in the "bohemios" field, losing 1–0. The next game was played on 22 January 1905 against Maipú Banfield F.C., which ended in a 0–0 draw. The club won the first game in its history with a resounding 11–0 win against Albion on 7 May 1905. Independiente then got affiliated to The Argentine Football Association, and was allowed to play in the second and third divisions. The first "Avellaneda derby" was played on 9 June 1907. Independiente beat Racing 3–2.


title: Club Atlético Independiente

text: That same year Independiente moved from Buenos Aires to its new field located in Avellaneda city, which was built in Manuel Ocantos street.


title: Club Atlético Independiente

text: On 10 May 1908, the team played for the first time wearing the red jersey, in a match against Banfield that Independiente won 9–2. The adoption of the red color is subject to controversy; the most recognized version is the one by decision of president Arístides Langone, who became surprised watching English team Nottingham Forest in a tour winning by a trashing 6–0 against Alumni AC, the strongest Argentine club on that era, so he decided to adopt the Forest's colors.


title: Club Atlético Independiente

text: In 1909, the Independiente F.C. won its first trophy; the 1909 Copa Bullrich, a domestic cup for second tier teams. Goalkeeper José Buruca Laforia was one of the first star players on Independiente.


title: Club Atlético Independiente

text: Independiente became an Argentine top division team in 1912, taking part in 1912 FAF Primera Division. Since there were a conflict between some clubs, the football league was dividided into two leagues with their own separate federation (AAF and FAF), and only a few teams remained in FAF, so the federation invited Independiente, among other teams.


title: Club Atlético Independiente

text: With politician and club president Juan Mignaburu as head coach, the team finished in first place along with CA Porteño at 20 points. Goal difference wasn't used and the teams had to play a playoff match, with Porteño winning the championship as a result of Independiente abandoning the match in protest at a disallowed goal by referee. League's top scorer was Independiente striker Enrique Colla, with 12 goals.


title: Club Atlético Independiente

text: At the 1910s, the Avellaneda derby between Independiente and Racing Club de Avellaneda was the most popular confrontation, ahead of the "Superclásico" between River Plate and Boca Juniors.


title: Club Atlético Independiente

text: Although being one of the most popular teams, Independiente did not win any league on that decade. They instead won some domestic first division trophies; 1914 Copa de Competencia La Nación (awarded), 1917 Copa de Competencia Jockey Club (defeating Estudiantes de La Plata, 2–1) and the 1918 Copa de Honor (beating CA Platense, 1–0).


title: Club Atlético Independiente

text: With the obtention of cup titles, Independiente qualified for the first time to rioplatense competitions (international titles between Argentine and Uruguayan teams), both resulting in defeat; 1917 Tie Cup (to Montevideo Wanderers, 0–4) and 1918 Copa de Honor Cousenier (to Peñarol, 0–4).


title: Club Atlético Independiente

text: In early the 1920s Independiente won its first league title, the 1922 AAmF Primera División whereas football in Argentina was still split in two separated leagues. Next league title was the 1926 AAmF Primera División season. Both championships featured Manuel Seoane as top scorer, giving Independiente a lot of power in attack along with Luis Ravaschino and future Italian world champion Raimundo Orsi.


title: Club Atlético Independiente

text: Due to Independiente's powerful attack, media gave the nickname "Diablos Rojos" (Red Devils) to the team, which quickly became popular among fans and remained identifying the team since then. The club also won consecutively the 1922, 1923 and 1924 editions of the AAmF Copa de Competencia, beating Club Almagro, Sportivo Palermo and CA Lanús respectively at the finals.


title: Club Atlético Independiente

text: In 1923 the Rojos for the first time faced a European team, with Scottish team Third Lanark touring in Argentina. The Argentines won by 2–1 with two goals from Orsi. Later in 1928 the red team defeated a less wealthy FC Barcelona by 4–1, and one year after, touring team Chelsea FC visited Independiente resulting in a 1–1 tie, with Seoane scoring for el Rojo.


title: Club Atlético Independiente

text: After the 1927 season, Raimundo Orsi left and joined Juventus F.C. Later in 1928 the club built the Estadio Doble Visera, the first stadium in Latin America made entirely of cement, and second in the world after the Harvard Stadium. Formerly, football stadiums in Latin America consisted simply on tribunes and seats made of wooden planks.


title: Club Atlético Independiente

text: 1931 was the Argentine Primera División's first season as a fully professional league. In the early 30s, Independiente finished as runners-up in 1932, 1934, 1935 and 1937.


title: Club Atlético Independiente

text: Manuel Seoane retired in 1933, having become the Argentine Primera División's amateur era top scorer, with 241 goals in 264 matches.


title: Club Atlético Independiente

text: Arsenio Erico was a young Paraguayan who came to Argentina to avoid fighting at the Chaco War for his country. Erico was originally going to be one of those fighting on the Paraguayan side, but he was saved from the clutches of war by Commander Molinas, who recognized his footballing talent and sent him to the Paraguayan Red Cross football team. The team was set up to raise funds for the soldiers on the battlefront by playing a series of exhibition games against other sides from South America. Erico’s performances caught the eye of some of the bigger clubs they played against, especially those from Argentina. River Plate, Boca Juniors and Independiente were all interested in him. River made the first move, but Independiente swooped in at the last minute, offering the youngster double the money. Erico donated the signing-on fee to the Paraguayan Red Cross, which was more than what they had made from their time on the road. Then he became the Argentine Primera División's top scorer on three consecutive seasons – 1937, 1938 and 1939 – while Antonio Sastre was considered the best footballer in Argentina's history on that times.


title: Club Atlético Independiente

text: The team won the 1938 Primera División and 1939 Primera División seasons, three domestic cups (one Copa Adrián C. Escobar in 1938, and two Copa Ibarguren in 1938 and 1939), and its first two international titles; the Copa Ricardo Aldao on its 1938 and 1939 seasons, defeating Peñarol (3–1 in Montevideo) and Nacional de Montevideo (5–0 in Buenos Aires) respectively.


title: Club Atlético Independiente

text: Independiente achieved several overwhelming victories in early the 1940s, including an 8–1 win over Estudiantes de La Plata, 7–1 over Boca Juniors and 7–0 over Racing Club, which are still to this days, the worst defeat on those teams' history. In 1945 it was Independiente' turn to suffer its biggest defeat; 0–8 to CA Vélez Sarsfield.


title: Club Atlético Independiente

text: Although having a lethal offensive, Independiente were crowned champions nine years later, at the 1948 Primera División season, with former team's goalkeeper Fernando Bello as head coach


title: Club Atlético Independiente

text: In 1946, goal scorer Arsenio Erico left the club after 325 official matches and 295 goals, having become in Argentine Primera División and Independiente's all-time top scorer. Antonio Sastre left in 1942 and Vicente de la Mata remained till 1950, winning the 1948 championship.


title: Club Atlético Independiente

text: Independiente did not win any trophy in the 1950s. This is the only decade in the club's history to not win any title. Its best position was 2nd place in 1954. In 1953 the "Rojos" won 6–0 on a friendly match against Real Madrid on a European tour, with star player Alfredo Di Stefano playing for the Spanish team. The tour also included victories against Valencia CF (3–0), Atlético de Madrid (5–3), Benfica (2–1) and Sporting CP (8–1).


title: Club Atlético Independiente

text: In 1958, Independiente inspired Ecuadorian team Independiente del Valle's founders to adopt the Argentine team's name. Initially, the forementioned team also featured the same colors and a similar emblem. They now compete regularly at the Ecuadorian Serie A.


title: Club Atlético Independiente

text: Independiente won three league titles at the 60s decade; 1960, 1963 and 1967. However, at the time of this last one, Independiente was already making his first steps towards South American glory.


title: Club Atlético Independiente

text: After the 1960 title, the team participated for the first time at a continental championship with its participation at the 1961 Copa Libertadores, losing both quarter-finals legs against SE Palmeiras.


title: Club Atlético Independiente

text: The team won their first continental title by defeating Uruguayan club Nacional at the 1964 Copa Libertadores Finals after a scoreless draw in Montevideo and a 1–0 win at home, having previously disqualified title holders Santos which featured several Brazilian world champion players like Pelé, becoming the first Argentine team to win the competition.


title: Club Atlético Independiente

text: They would also win the 1965 Copa Libertadores, this time after defeating Boca Juniors at semi-finals and Uruguay's other big team, Peñarol (4–1 at neutral match held in Estadio Nacional de Chile).


title: Club Atlético Independiente

text: Being the CONMEBOL champions, Independiente contested twice the Intercontinental Cup but lost both to Italian powerhouse Inter Milan. After a win for each other, the teams played a third match play-off in Santiago Bernabeu Stadium in Spain to decide the 1964 title, with Internazionale winning in extra time with a goal from Mario Corso. For the 1965 edition, Inter won 3–0 on aggregate.


title: Club Atlético Independiente

text: Again, Independiente started a new decade by winning two league titles in a row; 1970, 1971 and, later in the same decade, the 1977 and 1978 editions of the National Championship. The 1977 title is especially remembered by the club as an historic triumph, as the team managed to win the finals against Talleres de Córdoba with a goal from Ricardo Bochini, assisted by Daniel Bertoni, after suffering three players being polemically sent off by the referee. The 1978 title came after a 2–0 win against River Plate in the finals.


title: Club Atlético Independiente

text: Independiente's greatest achievements in the 1970s were conquering the premier continental competition again, and this time with a record four times in a row. In fact, the "Diablos Rojos" won the 1972 Copa Libertadores defeating Universitario of Peru, the 1973 Copa Libertadores after a third playoff match in Estadio Centenario against Colo-Colo, 1974 Copa Libertadores after another playoff match held in Santiago de Chile against Brazil's São Paulo FC, and 1975 Copa Libertadores against Unión Española. After the 1973 title, Independiente became the team with most Libertadores titles.


title: Club Atlético Independiente

text: Success at the Intercontinental Cup was short. The 1972 edition resulted in loss against AFC Ajax Amsterdam and the 1974 one went to Atlético de Madrid's showcases. However the Argentine side managed to win the 1973 Intercontinental Cup against Juventus F.C., on a single match held at Stadio Olimpico in Rome, where Ricardo Bochini scored to give Independiente a 1–0 win. Another edition was to be contested with FC Bayern Munich in 1975 but it was never played.


title: Club Atlético Independiente

text: The club also obtained three times in a row the Interamerican Cup; in 1973, 1974 and 1976 defeating Club Deportivo Olimpia, CSD Municipal and Atlético Español respectively, going through the penalty shootout in 1974 and 1976.


title: Club Atlético Independiente

text: At the 80s Independiente won the 1983 Torneo Metropolitano after a 2–0 away victory against city archirrivals Racing Club de Avellaneda, who suffered relegation to Primera B division as well, resulting in another historic moment for the team and his supporters. Later on, Independiente won the 1988–89 Primera División season.


title: Club Atlético Independiente

text: The 1983 domestic title served as qualifying for the 1984 Copa Libertadores. Independiente advanced to second stage after tying with Club Olimpia at 9 points, whereas the "Rojos" had a better goal difference than the Paraguayans. Again, the team advanced as Nacional de Montevideo and CD Universidad Católica where both defeated and Independiente went to a new continental final match. Jorge Burruchaga scored to settle a 1–0 away win against Brazilian side Grêmio and, after a scoreless draw at Avellaneda, Independiente won his seventh Copa Libertadores title.


title: Club Atlético Independiente

text: The season ended successfully after a 1–0 win against Liverpool F.C. at Tokyo National Stadium in Japan to win the 1984 Intercontinental Cup and claim their second world title. Goal was scored by José Alberto Percudani at the first half.


title: Club Atlético Independiente

text: Independiente reached the 1989 Supercopa Sudamericana Finals, having beaten Santos FC, Atlético Nacional and Argentinos Juniors. But no goals where scored in the two legs against compatriots Boca Juniors and the red team lost on penalty shootout.


title: Club Atlético Independiente

text: The 90s started with the retirement of Ricardo Bochini in 1991. A one club man, in his 20 years of professional football from 1972 to 1991 Bochini played only for Independiente (apart from the Argentina national football team), and participated in the club's Golden Era, with 8 international titles, and 4 Argentine championships. He played a total of 740 matches, scoring 107 goals.


title: Club Atlético Independiente

text: Independiente would then win the 1994 Clausura at national level, while in the next semester, the team won the 1994 Supercopa Libertadores, starting at the round of 16 and beating consecutively the Brazilian teams Santos FC, Grêmio and Cruzeiro EC. Like in 1989, the finals were contested by Argentina's two international-experienced football teams, Independiente and Boca Juniors, with Independiente winning the title with a 1–1 draw in La Bombonera and a 1–0 win at home with a goal by Sebastián Rambert.


title: Club Atlético Independiente

text: With its new international triumph, Independiente contested and won the 1995 Recopa Sudamericana against Copa Libertadores winners Vélez Sarsfield in a single match held in Tokyo, Japan, thanks to a single goal by José Serrizuela.


title: Club Atlético Independiente

text: A new international title came into Independiente's showcases as they managed to defend the title at the 1995 Supercopa Libertadores after a 2–1 aggregate score over Brazil's Flamengo, becoming the first foreign team to be crowned at the Maracanã Stadium. The club now had reached 15 international trophies. However, this time failed to repeat the Japanese held Recopa and lost the 1996 Recopa Sudamericana by 1–4 to Grêmio at the Kobe Universiade Memorial Stadium.


title: Club Atlético Independiente

text: In Argentine summer 2002, Uruguayan striker Diego Forlán was signed by Manchester United for £7.5 million and the result was loss of practically all attack power. Independiente for the first time finished last at the Argentine league at the 2002 Clausura, scoring 14 goals in 19 games.


title: Club Atlético Independiente

text: However the next semester the team achieved their next title by being crowned champions of the 2002 Apertura. This team is very well remembered because of its offensive trident composed by Andrés Silvera, Federico Insúa and Daniel Montenegro, three players with some future at the national team, while being defended by Gabriel Milito.


title: Club Atlético Independiente

text: In 2006 the club sold its young star Sergio Agüero to Atlético de Madrid with a transfer fee of $28 million, becoming Argentina's biggest sale up to this days. "Kun" made his senior team debut against San Lorenzo in 2003 with only 15 years and one month, what made him the youngest player to ever debut in the Argentinean league. With other remarkable players being sold to European teams like Oscar Ustari and Germán Denis, president Julio Comparada announced the building of new and modern Estadio Libertadores de América, whose construction was finished in 2016 due to various debts and financial problems.


title: Club Atlético Independiente

text: After 15 years without winning an international title, Independiente once again returned to South American elite by being crowned champions of the 2010 Copa Sudamericana, beating Brazilian side Goiás EC at the penalty shootout in the finals, with Independiente hosting the second leg. Oddly enough, the Brazilian team reached the finals after being relegated to Série B in the Brazilian championship, and Independiente had finished at the bottom of the Argentinian league.


title: Club Atlético Independiente

text: The following year, Independiente lost the 2011 Recopa Sudamericana to Brazilian team SC Internacional after a 2–3 aggregate.


title: Club Atlético Independiente

text: When Independiente's president, Julio Comparada, was replaced with Javier Cantero, the latter revealed severe economic problems that could bring Independiente to an end if not dealt with. He revealed that the club had a liability of AR$600 million ($129 million US dollars), debts with former players and managers and various providers and banks.


title: Club Atlético Independiente

text: Campaigns in Primera División went just as poorly as the club's institutional crisis; the team wasn't able to reverse its poor form, and was relegated to the Primera B Nacional division for the first time in its history, after the 2012–13 Primera División. President Javier Cantero resigned a few months later, after a seven-match winless run by the team in Primara B Nacional.


title: Club Atlético Independiente

text: However, soon after that, the influential leader Hugo Moyano took over the club by winning the elections. After being in relegation spots to Primera B Metropolitana for almost two months, the team managed to reverse its form with Omar De Felippe's management and reached and won a promotion play-off against CA Huracán by 2–0 at a single match. Independiente went back to Primera División and, in its first tournament after their return, earned an unexpected fourth place.


title: Club Atlético Independiente

text: Three years later, with Ariel Holan as head coach and international players such as captain Nicolás Tagliafico, Fabricio Bustos, Maximiliano Meza, Alan Franco, Gastón Silva, and Martín Campaña, Independiente reached once again the elite level in Argentine football. They won the 2017 Copa Sudamericana after beating Brazil's popular club Flamengo in the finals.


title: Club Atlético Independiente

text: After the finals, the club sold team captain Nicolás Tagliafico to AFC Ajax for €4.5 million, and youngster Ezequiel Barco to Atlanta United for a transfer fee of $15 million, setting an all-time record transfer for Major League Soccer.


title: Club Atlético Independiente

text: Independiente contested the 2018 Recopa Sudamericana against Copa Libertadores winners Grêmio. Despite the departure of two key players and suffering two early expulsions, the team performed well but finally lost in a penalty shootout.


title: Club Atlético Independiente

text: Later they won the 2018 Suruga Bank Championship, held in Japan, against Cerezo Osaka; and reached the 2018 Copa Libertadores quarterfinals where they lost against eventual champions CA River Plate. At the end of the year, Maximiliano Meza was transferred to CF Monterrey by a $15 million fee.


title: Club Atlético Independiente

text: The first shirt worn by the club since its foundation in 1904 was white, with a blue badge on its chest with the acronym "IFC" ("Independiente Football Club"). That badge was inspired on St. Andrew's Athletic Club's. a club established by Scottish descendants that had been the first Primera División champion in 1891.


title: Club Atlético Independiente

text: The traditional red shirt was not worn until 1908, and was inspired on English side Nottingham Forest, which had toured Argentina in 1905. Independiente executives were so impressed by the performance of "The Forest" that they decide to adopt the red colors for the club. The red shirt debuted on May 10, 1908.


title: Club Atlético Independiente

text: The first badge of the club was also inspired on Saint Andrew's and was used until 1912 when the club switched to a red seal. The logo changed again in 1930, being the closest version of the current emblem. It has been modified (with minor alterations) several times since then.


title: Club Atlético Independiente

text: The "Estadio Libertadores de América" is a stadium located in Avellaneda, Buenos Aires Province. The stadium was officially named only as recently as 2005, having been previously known simply as "Estadio de Independiente" or "La Doble Visera de Cemento (The double cement visor") because of the two roofs overhanging the spectators.


title: Club Atlético Independiente

text: On 4 March 1928, in a match against Peñarol of Uruguay that ended in a draw, Independiente established the first concrete stadium in South America and would host all international finals Independiente played as local team (7 of the Copa Libertadores, 3 of the Intercontinental Cups, 2 of the Supercopa Sudamericanas and 2 of the Interamericanas Cup) as well as many Argentina international matches, mostly in the 1930s and 1940s.


title: Club Atlético Independiente

text: The Estadio Libertadores de América was closed for repairs in 2007, and reopened on 28 October 2009 in a league match against Colón de Santa Fe, which Independiente won 3–2. During construction, Independiente played their home games in four stadiums.


title: Club Atlético Independiente

text: In July 2014, one of the objectives was the completion of the court. Thus it was that, in the 2-1 victory against Racing Club on August 31 for the fifth date of the Transition Tournament, the "Bochini Alta" grandstand could be seen finished. In May 2015, the construction of "Garganta 3" began and the "Bochini Baja" grandstand was also completed, plus the boxes and also the Press sector. On December 16, 2016 when facing Banfield, Independiente completely inaugurated the "Libertadores de América".


title: Club Atlético Independiente

text: The following tables lists the players that have been named top scorers playing for Independiente in Primera División. Independiente has 15 top scorers.


title: TUI Group

text: TUI Group is a German leisure, travel and tourism company. TUI is an acronym for "Touristik Union International" ("Tourism Union International"). TUI AG was known as Preussag AG until 1997 when the company changed its activities from mining to tourism. It is headquartered in Hanover, Germany.


title: TUI Group

text: It fully or partially owns several travel agencies, hotel chains, cruise lines and retail shops as well as five European airlines. The group owns the largest holiday aeroplane fleet in Europe and holds multiple European tour operators. It is trading as TUI AG jointly listed on the Frankfurt Stock Exchange and the London Stock Exchange as a constituent of the FTSE 250 Index.


title: TUI Group

text: The origins of the company lie in the industrial and transportation company Preussag AG, which was originally formed as a German mining company. It was incorporated on 9 October 1923, as "Preußische Bergwerks- und Hütten-Aktiengesellschaft" (Prussian Mine and Foundry Company). In 1927 it was merged with the Ruhr coal company, Hibernia AG, and electricity utility to become the "Vereinigte Elektrizitäts und Bergwerks AG" (VEBA AG) (United Electrical and Mining Company).


title: TUI Group

text: After the sale of Salzgitter AG and purchase of Hapag-Lloyd AG (the navigation and logistics company) in 1997, Preussag AG became a global enterprise in the service and leisure industry. At that time, Hapag-Lloyd held a 30% interest in the tourism conglomerate TUI (founded 1968), increased to 100% by 1999. In addition the company acquired 25% of Thomas Cook shares in 1997, which it doubled the following year. On 2 February 1999, the Carlson Leisure Group merged with Thomas Cook into a holding company owned by the German bank Westdeutsche Landesbank, Carlson Inc and Preussag. However, in mid-2000 Preussag acquired Thomas Cook's rival Thomson Travel and was forced to sell its majority 50.1% stake in Thomas Cook by regulatory authorities. In 2002, Preussag renamed itself TUI AG.


title: TUI Group

text: TUI announced a merger of its travel division with the British tour operator First Choice in March 2007, which was approved by the European Commission on 4 June 2007, on the condition that the merged company sell Budget Travel in Ireland. TUI held a 55% stake in the new company, TUI Travel PLC, which began operations in September 2007.


title: TUI Group

text: In April 2008, Alexey Mordashov, who purchased his first shares in TUI Travel in autumn 2007, purchased additional TUI Travel shares under S-Group in order to expand TUI Travel into Eastern Europe and Russia.


title: TUI Group

text: Its logistics activities, concentrated in the shipping sector, were kept separate and bundled within Hapag-Lloyd AG. A majority stake in Hapag-Lloyd was sold to the "Albert Ballin consortium" of investors in March 2009 and a further stake was sold to Ballin in February 2012, as TUI worked to exit from the shipping business and to optimize its tourism business with expansion in Russia, China and India under Michael Frenzel. Prior to August 2010, John Fredriksen held the largest Norwegian privately held stake in TUI Travel and had a significant influence upon TUI Travel's direction and strategy. As Alexey Mordashov through his S-Group Travel Holding increased his stake in TUI Travel to a stake larger than Fredriksen's stake, the shipping business had to be sold.


title: TUI Group

text: In June 2014 the company announced it would fully merge with TUI Travel to create a united group with a value of $US9.7 billion. The merger was completed on 17 December 2014 and the combined business began trading on the Frankfurt and London stock exchanges. Prior to this merger, Alexey Mordashov, the largest private shareholder in TUI Travel, held a blocking stake in TUI Travel through his S-Group. After the merger, Alexey Mordashov's stake was reduced to less than a blocking stake of 25%.


title: TUI Group

text: On 12 December 2016, Alexey Mordashov increased his stake in TUI Group from 18% to more than 20%. In October 2018, his 24.9% stake is the largest privately held stake in TUI Group. When Mordashov's stake increases to 25%, he will have a blocking stake in TUI Group at its annual meeting. In June 2019 Mordashov transferred 65% of his stake to the KN-Holding, owned by his sons Kirill Mordashov and Nikita Mordashov. TUI says in a statement that they ”welcome the second generation of the family amongst its shareholders”.


title: TUI Group

text: In August 2020, the company reported a net loss of €2.3 billion (from October 2019 to June 2020) as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. Out of the sum, €1.5 billion loss related to the period from April to June 2020, while the revenue for the same period was €75 million, 98% less than the same period in 2019. TUI's chief executive officer, Fritz Joussen announced that the firm was considering selling the Marella cruise line.


title: TUI Group

text: In March 2022, the company's largest single shareholder, Alexei Mordashov, a Russian oligarch and confidante of Vladimir Putin, was placed under sanctions due to the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine.


title: TUI Group

text: TUI Group owns five European airlines, inherited from TUI Travel, making it the largest tourism group in Europe. The group airlines operate both scheduled and charter flights to more than 150 destinations worldwide departing from more than 60 airports in nine European countries. With a Fleet of 137 In May 2015, the TUI Group announced it would rebrand its existing five airline brands under one airline banner in the course of the coming years, to be titled ‘TUI’. Arkefly (now "TUI fly Netherlands"), Jetairfly (now "TUI fly Belgium"), Thomson Airways (now "TUI Airways"), TUIfly (now "TUI fly Deutschland") and TUIfly Nordic (now "TUI fly Nordic") will maintain the separate air operator's certificates (AOCs), but will operate under "one central organisation" with "one engineering & maintenance function".


title: TUI Group

text: Until March 2019, TUI also owned Corsair International. It sold a majority stake to Intro Aviation of Germany. It does, however, retain a 27% minority stake in the airline.


title: TUI Group

text: TUI sponsored Bundesliga club Hannover 96. The airline branch TUIfly's main hub is at Hannover-Langenhagen Airport and it had sponsored the football team since the 2002–2003 season. On 31 March 2011, TUI announced Hannover 96 would be playing "with a smile on their chest" for another 3 years, as it extended the sponsorship contract. The current sponsor contract ran out, but it made TUI the longest-running association with any of the 18 Bundesliga teams, with 12 years as the sponsor. As part of the sponsorship, TUI was the shirt sponsor, as well as having had advertisements on the perimeter fencing of the AWD-Arena, Hannover's home stadium. There was also advertising in the stadium, on the billboards by the pitch and banners around the stadium, and TUI will also remain the sponsor of the Hannover 96 Football School.


title: TUI Group

text: In 2015 launched its sustainability strategy called "Better Holidays, Better World", built around four core pillars. These are areas where TUI has been aiming aim to make a positive impact: their our own operations, influencing the value chain and customers, and across the wider tourism industry. A goal was set to deliver 10 million ‘greener and fairer’ holidays per year by 2020. In April 2021 TUI published that the goal was achieved. Over the course of six years (2015 to 2020), 43 million “greener and fairer” holidays had been delivered, with 10.3 million customers staying in hotels with sustainability certifications in 2019 alone.


title: TUI Group

text: A 2018 study in the UK found that Tui had the largest gender pay gap reported to date by a major UK company, with its male employees paid more than twice what female employees are paid.


title: TUI Group

text: In August 2018, some air passengers questioned the distribution of gendered stickers to children on a flight: "future pilot" for boys, "future cabin crew" for girls.


title: TUI Group

text: TUI has become the main airline carrying out charter deportation flights for the UK Home Office. It is estimated that in November and December 2020 TUI carried out the deportation of more than 150 people in 13 flights to 23 destinations for the Home Office.


title: TUI Group

text: On 20 May 2022, the German TV Programme dedicated an episode to the history of TUI. It reported that Preussag was active in World War II producing bombs for the Nazi Party. Later Preussag also provided chemicals to Saddam Hussein's in Iraq, so facilitating the development of chemical weapons. The company were also supportive of the regime of Muammar Gaddafi in Libya and helped to build a factory for the production of chemical bombs. The management responded to a request for information, by saying that they were not aware of the company's history.


title: TUI Group

text: In May 2022, it was reported that the Russian oligarch Alexei Mordashov had made a transfer of a holding of 29.9% of the company: TUI failed to follow the rules and verify the new owner of the shares. In addition, the transfer was a violation of the sanctions against Russia by the European Union, which sanctioned Mordashov personally.


title: Battalion tactical group

text: A battalion tactical group (, "batal'onnaya takticheskaya gruppa"), abbreviated as BTG, is a combined-arms manoeuvre unit deployed by the Russian Army that is kept at a high level of readiness. A BTG typically comprises a battalion (typically mechanised infantry) of two to four companies reinforced with air-defence, artillery, engineering, and logistical support units, formed from a garrisoned army brigade. A tank company and rocket artillery typically reinforce such groupings. BTGs formed the mainstay of Russia's military intervention in Ukraine from 2013 to 2015, particularly in the War in Donbas.


title: Battalion tactical group

text: In August 2021, Russia's defence minister said the country had about 170 BTGs. Each BTG has approximately 600–800 officers and soldiers, of whom roughly 200 are infantrymen, equipped with vehicles typically including roughly 10 tanks and 40 infantry fighting vehicles.


title: Battalion tactical group

text: During the Cold War, the Soviet Army structured its tactical formations with the maneuver regiment as the smallest combined arms force and its subordinate battalions as "pure" tank or motorized rifle formations. In practice, the Soviets reinforced their battalions into temporary combined arms groupings during field exercises. Depending on the assigned mission, a battalion could receive additional tanks or motorized rifle infantry, plus supporting elements like artillery, air defense, engineers, or reconnaissance units. For example, a tank battalion might be reinforced with an infantry company, an artillery battalion, and an engineer platoon to transform it into a combined arms force.


title: Battalion tactical group

text: Soviet military writers used the term "tactical group" to describe NATO combined arms formations, with "company tactical groups" to describe company teams and "battalion tactical groups" for battalion task forces. By 1987, "battalion tactical group" was used to describe Soviet combined arms battalions. Battalion tactical groups were seen in the Soviet–Afghan War.


title: Battalion tactical group

text: The Soviets expanded the combined arms battalion concept as part of the "Army 2000" restructuring plan to make the army more agile and versatile for future war. One element of this plan was "Division 87", which called for the permanent addition of a tank company to every motorized rifle battalion to turn them into a precursor for a larger and more flexible combined arms battalion.


title: Battalion tactical group

text: However, the permanent combined arms battalion experiment was abandoned. They were too expensive for the decaying Soviet economy to reorganize and maintain by the end of the 1980s. The switch to a defensive military strategy under Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev rendered large-scale army reforms politically unacceptable. Junior battalion commanders also lacked the experience to handle such complicated formations until later in their command assignments. Further tactical reform would have required the Soviets to abandon simple battle drills and introduce more sophisticated combat techniques down to the company and platoon level, which was only possible with a body of professional non-commissioned officers.


title: Battalion tactical group

text: Ad-hoc battalion tactical groups were formed in the Russian Army as an expediency due to lack of manpower and equipment to field full-strength brigades and divisions during both the first and second Chechen Wars, and also in the 2008 Russo-Georgian War.


title: Battalion tactical group

text: Following the Georgian War, in October 2008, the Ministry of Defence announced that it intended to reform the Russian army by creating "permanent readiness" brigades, which led to the 2008 Russian military reform. After Anatoliy Serdyukov was dismissed as defence minister and replaced by Sergei Shoigu in November 2012, this plan was shelved in favour of forming “permanent readiness” BTGs within garrison brigades. These were planned to be 100% staffed by contract soldiers (i.e., non-conscript volunteers). According to sources quoted by the Russian Interfax agency, the reason for this was lack of manpower to form full-strength brigades.


title: Battalion tactical group

text: Reports from the Russo-Ukrainian War cited in the July–September 2016 edition of the US military journal "Armor" identified BTGs as the majority of Russian units deployed there. These BTGs comprised a tank company, three mechanised infantry companies, two anti-tank companies, two or three artillery batteries, and two air-defence batteries. The majority of BTGs deployed in the Donbass war came from Russia's 49th Army and 6th tank brigade, though BTGs were deployed from nearly every field army and corps in the Russian Army. BTGs typically composed roughly half of the equipment and personnel of the deploying brigade. BTG personnel typically only includes "contract" soldiers.


title: Battalion tactical group

text: Battles involving BTGs in the war in Ukraine included the Battle of Mariupol, the Battle of Donetsk Airport, and the Battle of Debaltseve.


title: Battalion tactical group

text: Following the Donbass War, in 2016 the Russian Chief of the General Staff Valery Gerasimov announced plans to expand the number of BTGs from 96 to 125 by 2018. Gerasimov claimed that BTGs would be primarily staffed by contract soldiers by 2018. In September 2018 Gerasimov claimed that Russia had 126 "permanently battle-ready" BTGs. In March 2019, Shoigu, addressing the lower house of the Russian Duma, claimed that Russia had 136 BTGs. In August 2021 Shoigu claimed that Russia had around 170 BTGs.


title: Battalion tactical group

text: During the March–April 2021 escalation in tensions between Russia and Ukraine, US officials estimated that around 48 of Russia's BTGs had moved to the border with Ukraine. Ukrainian officials estimated that 56 BTGs would be moved to the border. During the tensions on the border between Russia and Ukraine in late 2021 US officials estimated that the Russian deployment opposite Ukraine would reach 100 BTGs by January 2022, with around 50 BTGs estimated as already being in place by December 2021.


title: Battalion tactical group

text: The UK Ministry of Defence observed that over September to November 2022, Russian forces had largely stopped deploying BTGs, noting their intrinsic weaknesses.


title: Battalion tactical group

text: The combination of different weapons systems including heavy ones at a low organisational level allows heavy artillery bombardments to be laid on more easily and makes them available for use tactically. As such, a BTG can engage opposing units out to a longer range than, for example, a US Brigade Combat Team (BCT), which does not have heavy weapons devolved down to it. Up to two BTGs can compose a brigade in the Russian army. Divisions and regiments have been superseded by brigades.


title: Battalion tactical group

text: However, the BTG's relative lack of manpower (they deploy with about 200 infantrymen) compared to a BCT makes it reliant upon proxy troops and paramilitaries (such as the pro-Russian militias in the Donbass war) to provide security along the flanks and rear. The BTG commander will likely have to communicate with the proxy troops through unsecure and unreliable means such as mobile phones.


title: Battalion tactical group

text: By Russian law, conscripts are not allowed to serve in BTGs outside of Russia. Outside of Russia, the troops of a BTG serve on a volunteer basis. The limited manpower of the BTG makes the commanders less likely to engage in urban combat than a BCT commander. As they derive their manpower and equipment primarily through the cannibalisation of a larger unit, their sustainability in long-term operations is also in doubt.


title: Greg Lippmann

text: Greg Holden Lippmann (born 1968/1969) is an American hedge fund manager, and one of the key figures in Michael Lewis' book "The Big Short".


title: Greg Lippmann

text: Greg Lippmann is the son of Susan Lippmann, a business manager at Purchase College, and Thomas J. Lippmann, the retired owner of the DBL Operating Corporation, a real estate investment and management business in New York, both of Scarsdale, New York.


title: Greg Lippmann

text: Lippmann worked for Deutsche Bank, as global head of asset-backed securities trading, until he left in April 2010, and was succeeded by Pius Sprenger.


title: Greg Lippmann

text: In February 2010, Lippmann announced that he would be joining a hedge fund started by Fred Brettschneider, who was formerly Deutsche Bank's head of global markets. Lippmann co-founded LibreMax Partners with Brettschneider, and is its Chief Investment Officer and Portfolio Manager.


title: Greg Lippmann

text: In May 2016, Bloomberg LP reported that Lippmann was working with Promise Financial on a wedding loans business.


title: Greg Lippmann

text: On December 14, 2002, he married Dr. Kimberly Lee Duckworth, the daughter of Ingrid D. Bellemère of Las Vegas and Stephen M. Duckworth of Naples, Florida, at the 200 Fifth Club in New York City, in a ceremony officiated by Rabbi Stephen A. Klein.


title: Greg Lippmann

text: In the 2015 movie "The Big Short", a character based on Lippmann was portrayed by actor Ryan Gosling.


title: Landline

text: A landline (land line, land-line, main line, home phone, fixed-line, and wireline) is a telephone connection that uses metal wires or optical fiber telephone line for transmission, as distinguished from a mobile cellular network, which uses radio waves for signal transmission.


title: Landline

text: Landline service is typically provided through the outside plant of a telephone company's central office, or wire center. The outside plant comprises tiers of cabling between distribution points in the exchange area, so that a single pair of copper wire, or an optical fiber, reaches each subscriber location, such as a home or office, at the network interface. Customer premises wiring extends from the network interface to the location of one or more telephones inside the premises.


title: Landline

text: The telephone connected to a landline can be hard-wired or cordless and typically refers to the operation of wireless devices or systems in fixed locations such as homes. Fixed wireless devices usually derive their electrical power from the utility mains electricity, unlike mobile wireless or portable wireless, which tend to be battery-powered. Although mobile and portable systems can be used in fixed locations, efficiency and bandwidth are compromised compared with fixed systems. Mobile or portable, battery-powered wireless systems can be used as emergency backups for fixed systems in case of a power blackout or natural disaster.


title: Landline

text: In 2003, the CIA World Factbook reported approximately 1.263 billion main telephone lines worldwide. China had more than any other country, at 350 million, and the United States was second with 268 million. The United Kingdom had 23.7 million residential fixed home phones.


title: Landline

text: The 2013 statistics show that the total number of fixed-telephone subscribers in the world was about 1.26 billion. The number of landline subscribers continuously decreases due to upgrades in digital technology and the conveniences that come with switching to wireless (cellular) or Internet-based alternatives.


title: Landline

text: In many countries, landline service has not been readily available to most people. In some countries in Africa, the rise in cell phones has outpaced growth in landline service. Between 1998 and 2008, Africa added only 2.4 million landlines. In contrast, between 2000 and 2008, cell phone use rose from fewer than 2 in 100 people to 33 out of 100. There has also been a substantial decline of landline phones in the Indian subcontinent, in urban and even more in rural areas.


title: Landline

text: In the early 21st century, the landline telephone has declined due to the advancement of mobile network technology and the obsolescence of the old copper wire networking. It is more difficult to install landline copper wires to every user than it is to install mobile wireless towers that many people can connect to. Eventually these metallic networks will be deemed completely out of date and replaced by more efficient broadband and fiber optic landline connections extending to rural areas and places where telecommunication was much more sparse. Some see this happening as soon as the year 2025.


title: Landline

text: In 2004, only about 45% of people in the United States between the ages of 12 and 17 owned cell phones. At that time, most had to rely on landline telephones. Just 4 years later, that percentage climbed to about 71%. That same year, 2008, about 77% of adults owned a mobile phone. In the year 2013, 91% of adults in the United States owned a mobile phone. Almost 60% of those with a mobile had a smartphone. A National Health Interview Survey of 19,956 households by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention released May 4, 2017 showed 45.9 percent of U.S. households still had landlines, while 50.8 percent had only cell phones. Over 39 percent had both.


title: Landline

text: In Canada, more than one in five of households use cell phones as their only source for telephone service. In 2013, statistics showed that 21% of households claimed to only use cellular phones. Households that are owned by members under the age of 35 have a considerably higher percentage of exclusive cell phone use. In 2013, 60% of young household owners claimed to only use cell phones.


title: Landline

text: By means of porting, voice over IP services can host landline numbers previously hosted on traditional fixed telephone networks. VoIP services can be used anywhere an internet connection is available on many devices including Smartphones, giving great flexibility to where calls may be answered and thus facilitating remote, mobile and home working, for example. VoIP porting allows landline numbers to remain in use, whilst freeing them from actual landlines tied to one location. This is useful where landline numbers are believed to be preferred by callers, or where it is preferable that legacy landline numbers remain connected.


title: Black Dynamite

text: Black Dynamite is a 2009 American blaxploitation action comedy film starring Michael Jai White, Tommy Davidson, and Salli Richardson. The film was directed by Scott Sanders and co-written by White, Sanders, and Byron Minns, who also co-stars.


title: Black Dynamite

text: The plot centers on former CIA agent Black Dynamite, who must avenge his brother's death while cleaning the streets of a new drug that is ravaging the community. The film is a parody of and homage to the blaxploitation genre and its era. It had a trailer and funding even before a script was written. "Black Dynamite" was shot in 20 days in Super 16 format. The film was released in the United States on October 16, 2009, for only two weeks (with an "official" premiere at the Toronto After Dark film festival) and was well received by critics. It was released on home video on February 16, 2010.


title: Black Dynamite

text: In the early 1970s, Black Dynamite, a Vietnam War veteran and former CIA officer, skilled in kung fu, vows to clean up the streets of drug dealers and gangsters after his younger brother Jimmy is killed by a shady organization. O'Leary, Black Dynamite's former army and CIA partner, reinstates him into the agency because they do not want him seeking vengeance by himself. While trying to get to the bottom of Jimmy's murder, he finds out that his brother was actually working undercover for the CIA. Black Dynamite also discovers the shady organization is filling the black orphanages with heroin. He declares war on local drug dealers and successfully cleans up the streets, earning him the affection of Gloria, a Black Power activist who works at the local orphanage.


title: Black Dynamite

text: After discovering the government's involvement in the drug ring, Black Dynamite steals the ledger belonging to corrupt Congressman James which details illegal shipments to a warehouse. Black Dynamite and his team (consisting of close friend Bullhorn, street hustler Cream Corn, militant leader Saheed, and three militants) storm the warehouse to capture a big shipment. They learn of a top-secret operation called "Code Kansas", but there are no drugs in the warehouse. They find only "Anaconda" brand malt liquor, a government-produced brand that, according to the advertising slogan, "Gives You Ooooooo!". In a diner, they decipher the slogan and uncover "Code Kansas" as a plan to literally emasculate African-American men through Anaconda Malt Liquor, which is formulated to "give (you) a little dick". The militant Gunsmoke, who has fallen victim to the liquor's effect, is killed to put him out of his misery. Returning to the warehouse, Black Dynamite finds O'Leary is part of the evil plan but is just following orders. He kills O'Leary before acquiring his next lead to find the source of the "Code Kansas" plan.


title: Black Dynamite

text: Black Dynamite heads to Kung Fu Island, where he discovers that his old nemesis, Fiendish Dr. Wu, is responsible for creating the secret formula found in Anaconda Malt Liquor. In a protracted battle which kills Saheed, the three militants, and Bullhorn, Black Dynamite discovers the true identity of the mastermind of the entire operation - the White House.


title: Black Dynamite

text: Black Dynamite then travels to the White House (in the process, Cream Corn is killed by the Secret Service) and confronts President Richard Nixon, who has been giving the orders from the beginning. Black Dynamite engages Nixon in a kung-fu battle. Nixon gets the upper hand when he dishonestly pulls John Wilkes Booth's gun, but the ghost of Abraham Lincoln appears and disarms Nixon with kung-fu. After defeating Nixon in a fair fight, Black Dynamite threatens to expose Nixon as the subject of a series of bondage and cross-dressing photographs. The president begs to be killed but Black Dynamite refuses to give him "the easy way out" and has Nixon watch out for his people. The film concludes with a monologue from Black Dynamite on his quest for justice as Gloria and Pat Nixon watch on rapturously.


title: Black Dynamite

text: Michael Jai White originally thought of the idea for "Black Dynamite" around April 2006, while listening to James Brown's "Super Bad". White had also held blaxploitation movie parties where he picked up the "funny inconsistencies" in the films. White rented costumes, photographed himself and showed it to Sanders who was attracted to the idea. The same blue costume on White's photograph was used in the final scene of the film.


title: Black Dynamite

text: The original trailer was recorded even before the film went into production in order to raise money. It incorporated scenes from old blaxploitation movies with old voice overs from Adolph Caesar. The trailer was shot on Super 8 mm film for around $500 and contained numerous cultural references that placed the film in the 1970s, such as referring to the star of the film as a Baltimore Colts running back (the Colts moved to Indianapolis in 1984) and marveling at Black Dynamite's "five thousand dollar car" and "hundred dollar suit". White and Sanders showed it to Jon Steingart, who told them "Oh my God. Okay, we can raise the money for this."


title: Black Dynamite

text: Once financing was secured, writing the script took about three weeks. During the writing process, Minns' almost "encyclopedic knowledge" of blaxploitation helped them produce the script more quickly.


title: Black Dynamite

text: Cinematographer Shawn Maurer shot "Black Dynamite" on Super 16 Color Reversal Kodak film stock to get the high contrast and saturated look common in many low-budget Blaxploitation films of the 1970s. The film was then converted to digital for editing. The filmmakers supplemented their shoot with period stock footage from Sony Pictures Stock Footage, using films such as "Missing in Action", "Charlie's Angels", and "Police Woman". "Black Dynamite" was shot in the Leimert Park, Ladera Heights, and Angeles Vista sections of Los Angeles over twenty days, with several green-screen days and one reshoot day. The film had such a low budget that they had to "think in the same ways that they had to think" in the classic blaxploitation movies. Sanders and White had a difficult time keeping the modern world out of the movie. Sanders was worried about anything modern that could destroy "the whole illusion". White worked individually with actors to keep their tone correct.


title: Black Dynamite

text: As an homage to the low production values and "one take only" style of blaxploitation films, many filming errors were done on purpose. For example, in one scene where Black Dynamite stands up from his desk, a red boom microphone appears above his head (which was common in Rudy Ray Moore films, such as "Dolemite"). Some of the actors recite their stage directions before their intended dialogue; in one scene, an actor verbalizes the stage direction written into a film script ("the militants turn startled"), and continues saying the scripted dialogue "How did you get in here?" (which causes Ferrante Jones, the actor playing "Black Dynamite," to break character and look offscreen to see if the director will realize the error and call "cut" - which the unseen director does not do).


title: Black Dynamite

text: During casting, White sent Arsenio Hall the script, and "when he read that there's a Captain Kangaroo pimp in this thing," he accepted the role.


title: Black Dynamite

text: Adrian Younge plays all instruments and wrote the lyrics to every song on the soundtrack except "Shine", "Cleaning Up The Streets", and "Gloria". His influences on the score were Curtis Mayfield, Isaac Hayes, Ennio Morricone and Wu-Tang Clan. Morricone greatly influenced Younge from the classical European funk music, while Wu-Tang Clan helped him focus on making music they would want to sample. Sanders gave Younge almost complete leeway, but he still had to work hard to impress others working on the film. To record the score, Younge used vintage tape recording equipment and then sent it to be digitally transferred.


title: Black Dynamite

text: The film's theme song is "Dynomite" by Sir Charles Hughes; its chorus plays nearly every time Black Dynamite appears or whenever a punch line is delivered.


title: Black Dynamite

text: "Black Dynamite" premiered at the 2009 Sundance Film Festival, where Sony Worldwide Acquisitions picked it up for distribution for "nearly $2 million". On June 14, the film won the Golden Space Needle Audience Award for Best Film at the Seattle International Film Festival, beating "The Hurt Locker" among other films. On August 25, 2009, it was announced that Apparition, a new distributor headed by Bill Pohlad and Bob Berney, would handle the film's domestic release.


title: Black Dynamite

text: A viral campaign was launched on the web prior to the film's general release, spearheaded by a mock nonprofit organization called "Fight Smack in the Orphanage" (FSITO).


title: Black Dynamite

text: "Black Dynamite" had a limited release to only 70 theaters and a run time of two weeks. The film grossed $131,862 in its opening weekend, and its two-week total was $242,578. This placed it at number 264 for all films released in 2009.


title: Black Dynamite

text: "Black Dynamite" received positive reviews and currently holds an 84% approval rating on Rotten Tomatoes based on 61 reviews, with an average rating of 7.2/10. The site's consensus states: "A loving and meticulous send-up of 1970s blaxploitation movies, "Black Dynamite" is funny enough for the frat house and clever enough for film buffs." On Metacritic, "Black Dynamite" has a 65/100 rating, based on 14 critics, indicating "generally favorable reviews".


title: Black Dynamite

text: Owen Gleiberman wrote in "Entertainment Weekly", ""Black Dynamite" blends satire, nostalgia, and cinema deconstruction into a one-of-a-kind comedy high", noting Sanders captured the language and feel of blaxploitation. Roger Ebert awarded the film three stars out of four, and said, ""Black Dynamite" gets it mostly right, and when it's wrong, it's wrong on purpose and knows just what it's doing." He added that the film meticulously reproduces 1970s blaxploitation and brings back much-needed gratuitous nudity.


title: Black Dynamite

text: A.O. Scott of "The New York Times" considered "Black Dynamite" would be a better "five-minute clip on YouTube" than a feature film. Scott wrote, "A boom mike drifts down into the frame; an actor recites stage directions along with his lines. The camera zooms, pans and shifts focus as if it were being wielded by an optometrist on a cocaine binge. The acting is stiff, the dialogue painfully self-conscious, the action sequences choreographed and edited to look as cartoonish as possible. All of which is fun, for a while, in an academic kind of way." In a 2012 interview, "Black Dynamite" responded to Scott, saying "Well, obviously A.O. stands for 'asshole's opinion,' 'cause we here talking about it right now. Damn movie's been tweeted about every two minutes since 2009."


title: Black Dynamite

text: James Greenberg writing for "The Hollywood Reporter" believed the film would not hold audience's attention because among all the detail there was no real story.


title: Black Dynamite

text: "Black Dynamite" was released on February 16, 2010 on DVD and Blu-ray. Both releases contain an audio commentary, deleted scenes, a "making-of" featurette, and a Comic-Con Q&A panel. The Blu-ray has an extra featurette and trivia track.


title: Black Dynamite

text: An animated spin-off of the film was produced for Cartoon Network's late night programming block, Adult Swim, with animation production by the same team behind "The Boondocks". The series was cancelled after two seasons.


title: Black Dynamite

text: In 2013, Chris Hardwick's Nerdist News released a series of short videos titled "Black Dynamite Model Citizen" on their YouTube channel. The video series is a parody of Japanese variety show sketches, featuring a Japanese-speaking Black Dynamite mannequin teaching the value of respect among other things to former WWE wrestlers, MMA fighters and "American Gladiators" athletes. Special guests include Roddy Piper, Chavo Guerrero Jr., Chris Masters, Daniel Puder, John Hennigan, Tank Abbott, Josh Barnett, and Kimo Leopoldo.


title: Black Dynamite

text: Director Sanders said that he and White had ideas for a sequel if the film did well. White hinted that a sequel was being written during an interview on G4's "Attack of the Show", and stated in an April 2012 interview that he hoped filming would begin at the end of that year. "Black Dynamite 2" was slated for production in 2021 from Jaigantic Studios, with White writing and directing.


title: Comfortably Numb

text: "Comfortably Numb" is a song by English rock band Pink Floyd from their eleventh album, "The Wall" (1979). It was released as a single in 1980, with "Hey You" as the B-side. The music was composed by guitarist David Gilmour. The lyrics were written by bassist Roger Waters.


title: Comfortably Numb

text: "Comfortably Numb" is one of Pink Floyd's most well-known songs, notable for its two guitar solos. In 2004, it was ranked number 314 on "Rolling Stone" magazine's list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time. It was re-ranked number 321 in 2010, and re-ranked number 179 in 2021. In 2005, it became the last song ever performed by Waters, Gilmour, keyboardist Richard Wright, and drummer Nick Mason together. An early version was included on the 2012 "Wall" "Immersion Box Set". The song was covered by Scissor Sisters with a radically different arrangement, which was a UK top ten hit.


title: Comfortably Numb

text: "The Wall" is a concept album about an embittered and alienated rock star named Pink. In "Comfortably Numb", Pink is medicated by a doctor so he can perform for a show. The song was inspired by Waters' injection with a muscle relaxant to combat the effects of hepatitis during the "In the Flesh Tour", while in Philadelphia.


title: Comfortably Numb

text: The verses are in B minor, while the chorus has been described as using a modal interchange of that key's relative major, D major, and D Mixolydian. The song, together with "Mother", is one of two tracks on "The Wall" that are not connected with an adjacent track. It is also the longest on the album at 6:21, followed by "Mother", which is 5:32.


title: Comfortably Numb

text: Guitarist David Gilmour recorded a wordless demo while working on his debut solo album in 1978. He did not use the chord sequence for that album, but kept it for future work. Bassist Roger Waters listened to the demo during sessions for "The Wall" but was reluctant to use it as he wanted to take sole responsibility for writing the album. Producer Bob Ezrin suggested that Waters should reconsider, agreeing that Gilmour's demo needed fleshing out. Subsequently, Waters asked Gilmour to change the chord structure for the verses from E minor (as on the Immersion box set of "The Wall") to B minor and David Gilmour also added a few bars of music for the “I have become Comfortably Numb” line, and Roger wrote lyrics inspired from an experience of being injected with tranquilizers for stomach cramps before a 1977 performance in Philadelphia on the In the Flesh Tour. "That was the longest two hours of my life," Waters said, "trying to do a show when you can hardly lift your arm." The song's working title was "The Doctor". Ezrin looked at the completed lyrics and said they "just gave me goosebumps".


title: Comfortably Numb

text: For the chorus, Gilmour and session player Lee Ritenour used a pair of acoustic guitars strung similarly to Nashville tuning, but with the low E string replaced with a high E string, two octaves higher than standard tuning. This tuning was also used for the arpeggios in "Hey You".


title: Comfortably Numb

text: The band disagreed about how to record the song. Waters and Ezrin preferred a mix containing numerous orchestral overdubs, overseen by Michael Kamen, while Gilmour preferred a stripped-down mix with heavier rock elements. Gilmour later said: "We argued over 'Comfortably Numb' like mad. Really had a big fight, went on for ages." In the end, a compromise was reached where the main portion of the song would include the orchestral elements, while the final guitar solo would contain the stripped-down mix preferred by Gilmour. Ezrin later said he was happy with the final mix as it provided a good contrast, while Gilmour said it represented "the last embers of mine and Roger's ability to work collaboratively together".


title: Comfortably Numb

text: To write the two guitar solos, Gilmour pieced together elements from several other solos he had been working on, marking his preferred segments for the final take. He used a Big Muff distortion and delay effects on the solos.


title: Comfortably Numb

text: During the 1980/81 "The Wall" tour, where a giant wall was constructed across the stage during the performance, the song was performed with Roger Waters dressed as a doctor at the bottom of the wall, and David Gilmour singing and playing guitar from the top of the wall on a raised platform with spotlights shining from behind him. It was the first time the audience's attention was drawn to the top of the completed wall. According to Gilmour, the final solo was one of the few opportunities during those concerts that he was free to improvise completely. Gilmour said:


title: Comfortably Numb

text: After Waters left the band, Gilmour revised the verses to suit his "grungier" preference for live performances. Verse vocals were arranged for three-part harmony. In both 1987–88 and 1994, these were sung by Richard Wright, Guy Pratt and Jon Carin.


title: Comfortably Numb

text: In December 1988, a video of the live performance from "Delicate Sound of Thunder" reached number 11 on MTV's Top 20 Video Countdown. The video was two minutes shorter than the album version and the video clip had different camera angles from the home video version.


title: Comfortably Numb

text: Pink Floyd performed the song at Knebworth Park on 30 June 1990, published on Knebworth: The Album (CD) and on Live At Knebworth 1990 (DVD).


title: Comfortably Numb

text: A 10-minute version of "Comfortably Numb" was performed at Earls Court, London on 20 October 1994, as part of "The Division Bell" tour. The "Pulse" video release edited out approximately 1:20 minutes of the ending solo, whereas the original pay-per-view video showed the unedited version.


title: Comfortably Numb

text: Pink Floyd, complete with Waters, reunited briefly to perform at the Live 8 concert in Hyde Park, London in July 2005. The set consisted of four songs, of which "Comfortably Numb" was the last.


title: Comfortably Numb

text: After leaving Pink Floyd, Waters first performed "Comfortably Numb" at the 1990 concert staging of "The Wall – Live in Berlin" on 21 July 1990. The event's purpose was to commemorate the fall of the Berlin Wall. Waters sang lead, Van Morrison sang Gilmour's vocal parts backed by Rick Danko and Levon Helm of The Band, with guitar solo by Rick Di Fonzo and Snowy White, and backup by the Rundfunk Orchestra & Choir. This version was used in the Academy Award-winning 2006 film "The Departed", directed by Martin Scorsese. It is also played in the TV show episode of "The Sopranos", titled "Kennedy and Heidi", when Christopher Moltisanti plays "The Departed" soundtrack on his car stereo before a serious accident. Van Morrison's 2007 compilation album, "Van Morrison at the Movies – Soundtrack Hits" includes this version.


title: Comfortably Numb

text: Waters subsequently performed the song at the "Guitar Legends" festival in Spain in 1991 (with White on guitar solos, Waters playing acoustic guitar during the second solo and guest vocals by Bruce Hornsby), and at the Walden Woods benefit concert in Los Angeles in 1992 with guest vocals by Don Henley.


title: Comfortably Numb

text: During 1999–2000, Doyle Bramhall II and Snowy White stood in for Gilmour's vocals and guitar solos; a role carried out by Chester Kamen and White in 2002 with Andy Fairweather Low on bass while Waters played acoustic guitar in unison with Jon Carin with Andy Fairweather Low on bass; whose role was carried out by Harry Waters in 2002. In 2006–2007 Gilmour's vocals were performed by Jon Carin and Andy Fairweather-Low (while both playing acoustic guitar and Waters playing bass) with Dave Kilminster and White performing the guitar solos.


title: Comfortably Numb

text: During Waters' The Wall Live tour, Robbie Wyckoff sang Gilmour's vocals, and Dave Kilminster performed the guitar solos with G E Smith on bass, both of them atop the wall, as Gilmour had been in the original tour. During the performance of 12 May 2011 at the London O2 Arena, David Gilmour appeared as a guest during this song, and both sang the choruses and played guitar from the top of the wall, echoing the original Earls Court performances. The song contains one of the show's most memorable moments, when, at a specific point of the final guitar solo, Waters steps toward the wall and pounds it with his fists, triggering both an explosion of colours on the previously dark-grey screen projections and a collapsing wall.


title: Comfortably Numb

text: During the Us + Them Tour, Gilmour's vocals were performed by Jonathan Wilson with guitar solos by Kilminster and bass by Gus Seyffert.


title: Comfortably Numb

text: In November 2022, Waters released a new version as a single, "Comfortably Numb 2022", recorded during the COVID-19 lockdowns, to use as an opener for his This Is Not a Drill tour. The song was later included on the "Lockdown Sessions" EP.


title: Comfortably Numb

text: Gilmour has performed the song during each of his solo tours. In his 1984 tour to promote his album "About Face", the set list referred to the song as "Come on Big Bum". The vocals during the verses were performed by band members Gregg Dechert and Mickey Feat (in harmony).


title: Comfortably Numb

text: In 2001 and 2002, the verse vocals were performed on different dates by guest singers: Robert Wyatt, Kate Bush, Durga McBroom, and Bob Geldof, who had played Pink in the film version of "The Wall". Geldof, who had not memorized the verses, read the lyrics as he sang.


title: Comfortably Numb

text: On 29 May 2006, at the Royal Albert Hall, David Bowie, in a guest appearance, sang the verses. The next day, 30 May, Richard Wright sang the verses, by himself (as per the rest of the tour), at the same venue. Both performances were included on Gilmour's "Remember That Night" concert video, compiled from all three of his shows there on 29, 30 and 31 May 2006, which were part of his "On an Island" Tour to promote his new album of the same name.


title: Comfortably Numb

text: In 2006, Gilmour performed the song in a concert, with the Polish Baltic Philharmonic Orchestra providing the orchestral parts that had usually been done with backing tapes or multiple synthesizers. This version would be released on "Live in Gdańsk."


title: Comfortably Numb

text: On the 2016 "Rattle That Lock" tour, the verses were sung by Jon Carin (on legs 1–3), Chuck Leavell (on leg 4) (this version can be seen and heard on "Live at Pompeii") and Bryan Chambers (leg 5). They were also performed by Benedict Cumberbatch on 28 September 2016 at the Royal Albert Hall.


title: Comfortably Numb

text: During a performance at the Royal Albert Hall on 24 April 2016, Gilmour and his band incorporated the final refrain of the Prince song "Purple Rain" into the song as a tribute to that artist, who had died three days earlier.


title: Comfortably Numb

text: In 2011, the song was ranked fifth in the BBC Radio 4's listeners' Desert Island Discs choices. Gilmour's solo was rated the fourth best guitar solo of all-time by "Guitar World" magazine, in a reader poll. In August 2006, it was voted the greatest guitar solo of all time in a poll by listeners of digital radio station Planet Rock. Gilmour's guitar tone in the song was named best guitar sound by "Guitarist" magazine in November 2010. The two guitar solos were ranked as the greatest guitar solos of all time by Planet Rock listeners. In 2017, "Billboard" and "Paste" both ranked the song number four on their lists of the greatest Pink Floyd songs.


title: Comfortably Numb

text: American pop rock band Scissor Sisters recorded a radically re-arranged disco-oriented version released in January 2004 on Polydor, with the B-side "Rock My Spot (Crevice Canyon)". This release reached number 10 on the UK Singles Chart. David Gilmour and Nick Mason expressed a liking for the group's version, and Roger Waters is said to have congratulated the Scissor Sisters on the version, although a lyric was changed, from "a distant ship's smoke on the horizon" to "a distant ship floats on the horizon". Jake Shears, the band's lead singer, was invited by Gilmour to sing "Comfortably Numb" with him in some 2006 shows, but the idea was dropped at the last moment to Shears' public disappointment. This cover received a Grammy nomination for Best Dance Recording but lost to "Toxic" by Britney Spears.


title: Jocelyn Towne

text: Towne was born in Santa Monica, California, to an American father and French mother, the latter through whom she became a French citizen in 2013.


title: Jocelyn Towne

text: Towne has appeared in a number of minor roles in film and television, including "Havoc" in 2005, "Gilmore Girls" in 2007 and "The Selling" in 2011.


title: Jocelyn Towne

text: Towne made her directorial debut in 2013 with "I Am I", followed in 2014 by "We'll Never Have Paris", co-directed with Simon Helberg.


title: Jocelyn Towne

text: Towne's uncle is screenwriter Robert Towne. Towne married actor Simon Helberg on July 7, 2007. They have a daughter Adeline, and a son, Wilder Towne Helberg.


title: Ion Cuțelaba

text: Ion Nicolae Cuțelaba (born 14 December 1993) is a Moldovan professional mixed martial artist who competes in the Light Heavyweight division of the Ultimate Fighting Championship.


title: Ion Cuțelaba

text: Born and raised in Chișinău, Cuțelaba began training and competing in Greco-Roman wrestling as an adolescent. He additionally competed in Sambo and judo, becoming a national champion in both. In 2012, representing Moldova, Cuțelaba finished first in the 90 kg category of the European Sambo Championships.


title: Ion Cuțelaba

text: Cuțelaba made his professional debut in April 2012, competing primarily for regional promotions across Eastern Europe. He amassed a record of 11-1 (1) before signing with the UFC in the spring of 2016.


title: Ion Cuțelaba

text: Cuțelaba made his promotional debut against Misha Cirkunov on June 18, 2016 at UFC Fight Night 89. He lost the fight via submission in the third round.


title: Ion Cuțelaba

text: Cuțelaba next faced Jonathan Wilson on October 1, 2016 at UFC Fight Night 96. He won the fight via unanimous decision.


title: Ion Cuțelaba

text: Cuțelaba next faced Jared Cannonier on December 3, 2016 at . He lost the fight via unanimous decision. Subsequently, both fighters earned "Fight of the Night" honors.


title: Ion Cuțelaba

text: Cuțelaba faced Henrique da Silva on June 11, 2017 at UFC Fight Night 110. He won the fight via knockout in the opening minute of the first round.


title: Ion Cuțelaba

text: Cuțelaba was expected to face Gadzhimurad Antigulov on November 4, 2017 at UFC 217. However, Antigulov pulled out of the fight on September 26 citing an injury and was replaced by newcomer Michał Oleksiejczuk. In turn after the weigh-ins, Cuțelaba was pulled from the event by USADA due to a potential Anti-Doping Policy violation stemming from its investigation into voluntary disclosures by Cuțelaba during an out-of-competition sample collections on October 18 and October 19. He was provisionally suspended and the bout was scrapped. USADA handed down a six-month suspension for ozone therapy involving a blood transfusion which is prohibited under 2018 World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) list on manipulation of blood component. Cuțelaba became eligible to fight again on May 6, 2018.


title: Ion Cuțelaba

text: The bout with Antigulov eventually took place on July 28, 2018 at UFC on Fox 30. Cuțelaba won the fight via TKO in the first round.


title: Ion Cuțelaba

text: Cuțelaba was scheduled to face Glover Teixeira on January 19, 2019 at UFC Fight Night 143. However, on January 10, 2019, Cuțelaba was pulled out of the bout due to an injury. The pair was rescheduled to meet at on April 27, 2019. Cuțelaba lost via a rear-naked-choke submission at 3:37 in the second round.


title: Ion Cuțelaba

text: Cuțelaba faced Khalil Rountree Jr. on September 28, 2019 at UFC Fight Night 160. He won via TKO in the first round.


title: Ion Cuțelaba

text: Cuțelaba faced Magomed Ankalaev on February 29, 2020 at UFC Fight Night 169. He lost the fight controversially via TKO in the first round. The loss was controversial as referee Kevin MacDonald stopped the bout believing Cuțelaba was out on his feet while still standing, which Cuțelaba immediately protested. The stoppage was universally considered early by the event announcers, MMA pundits, and UFC fighters alike. Subsequently, the Virginia athletic commission reviewed the controversial stoppage, denying the appeal thus resulting the technical knockout win for Ankalaev left standing.


title: Ion Cuțelaba

text: Due to the controversy of the stoppage, UFC rebooked the pair on April 18, 2020 to meet at UFC 249. However, Ankalaev was forced to pull from the event due to COVID-19 pandemic travel restriction, and Cuțelaba was pulled from the event and was scheduled to face Ovince Saint Preux on April 25, 2020. However, on April 9, Dana White, the president of UFC announced that this event was postponed to a future date The rematch with Ankalaev was expected to take place on August 15, 2020 at UFC 252. Cuțelaba then pulled out on August 11 after testing positive for COVID-19 and the bout was rescheduled for UFC Fight Night 175. However, the day of the event, the bout was once again scrapped after Cuțelaba tested positive for COVID-19 for a second time. The bout rescheduled for the third time and they met on October 24, 2020 at UFC 254. Cuțelaba lost the fight via knockout in round one.


title: Ion Cuțelaba

text: Cuțelaba was scheduled to face Devin Clark on May 1, 2021 at . However, Clark pulled out from the event, citing injury, and he was replaced by Dustin Jacoby. Cuțelaba dominated the first round, however Jacoby came back in the second and third rounds with the fight ending in a split draw.


title: Ion Cuțelaba

text: The bout between Cuțelaba and Clark took place on September 18, 2021 at UFC Fight Night 192. Cuțelaba knocked down Clark in round one, going on to dominate the bout and won by unanimous decision.


title: Ion Cuțelaba

text: Cuțelaba was scheduled to face Ryan Spann on February 26, 2022 at UFC Fight Night 202. However, Spann was pulled from the event due to injury and the bout was rescheduled for UFC on ESPN 36. He lost the bout via guillotine choke in the first round.


title: Ion Cuțelaba

text: Cuțelaba faced Johnny Walker on September 10, 2022 at UFC 279. He lost the fight by a rear-naked choke submission in the first round.


title: Ion Cuțelaba

text: Cuțelaba faced Kennedy Nzechukwu on November 19, 2022, at UFC Fight Night 215. He lost the fight via technical knockout in round two.


title: John Calipari

text: John Vincent Calipari (born February 10, 1959) is an American basketball coach. Since 2009, he has been the head coach of the University of Kentucky men's team, with whom he won the NCAA Championship in 2012. He has been named Naismith College Coach of the Year three times (in 1996, 2008 and 2015), and was inducted into the Basketball Hall of Fame in 2015.


title: John Calipari

text: He was previously the head coach at the University of Massachusetts from 1988 to 1996, the NBA's New Jersey Nets from 1996 to 1999 and the University of Memphis from 2000 to 2009, and was the head coach of the Dominican Republic national team in 2011 and 2012.


title: John Calipari

text: Calipari has coached Kentucky to four Final Fours, in 2011, 2012, 2014 and 2015. He also led UMass and Memphis to the Final Four in 1996 and 2008 respectively; those appearances were later vacated, though Calipari was cleared of wrongdoing in both cases. As a college coach, Calipari has twenty-seven 20-win seasons, eleven 30-win seasons, and five 35-win seasons.


title: John Calipari

text: As of December 4, 2022, with 774 official wins, Calipari ranks 17th on the NCAA Division I all-time winningest coaches list. He has won one national championship.


title: John Calipari

text: Calipari was born in Moon Township, Pennsylvania, a suburb of Pittsburgh. He is of Italian descent. He attended Moon Area High School and graduated in 1978. His father worked in a steel mill and later at an airport. His mother worked in the school cafeteria, serving pizza.


title: John Calipari

text: Calipari lettered two years at UNC Wilmington before transferring to Clarion University of Pennsylvania, from which he graduated with a bachelor's degree in marketing. He played point guard at Clarion during the 1981 and 1982 seasons, leading the team in assists and free throw percentage.


title: John Calipari

text: From 1982 to 1985, Calipari was an assistant at the University of Kansas under Ted Owens and Larry Brown. Calipari had several jobs as the lowest coach in the pecking order when Ted Owens hired him as a volunteer assistant for the Jayhawks' 1982–83 season, including serving food at the training table. "I was blessed to have the chance. Can you imagine being 22, 23 and your first opportunity to be around the game is at a program like Kansas?"


title: John Calipari

text: From 1985 to 1988, he was an assistant coach at the University of Pittsburgh under Roy Chipman and Paul Evans. From 1988 to 1996, he was head coach at the University of Massachusetts. From 1996 to 1999, he was head coach and Executive VP of basketball operations for the NBA's New Jersey Nets. During the 1999–2000 season, he was an assistant coach for the Philadelphia 76ers under coach Larry Brown, before moving on to his next position at the University of Memphis.


title: John Calipari

text: Calipari is famous for popularizing the dribble drive motion offense, developed by Vance Walberg, which is sometimes known as the "Memphis Attack".


title: John Calipari

text: In his 22 official seasons (23 seasons overall) as a collegiate head coach, Calipari's record is 667–194 (.775). His record in the month of March is 107–37 (.743). His NCAA-adjusted (the records of two appearances being removed) official record in the NCAA tournament is 38–12 (.760), and in the NIT is 15–6 (.714). His teams have made 15 NCAA tournament appearances (13 officially, due to two later being vacated), including reaching the Sweet Sixteen 12 times (10 officially, due to two later being vacated), the Elite Eight 10 times (eight officially, due to two later being vacated), the Final Four six times (four officially, due to two later being vacated), the NCAA Championship Game three times (twice officially, with the 2008 Championship Game appearance while at Memphis being vacated by the NCAA), winning the NCAA Championship at Kentucky in 2012, and finishing NCAA Runner-Up in 2014.


title: John Calipari

text: As a college coach, Calipari has 21 20-win seasons (20 officially) and nine 30-win seasons (eight officially). He has also coached six teams to the NIT, winning the NIT Championship at Memphis in 2002. He is one of only four coaches in NCAA Division I history to direct three different schools to a #1 seed in the NCAA Tournament.


title: John Calipari

text: The platoon system established under John Calipari not only provided life for the University of Kentucky's basketball team in 2014, but it also provided an important defensive weapon. The platoon system was introduced in 2014, and consisted of playing 10 men in legions of five. Each platoon includes three ball-handlers and two taller players.


title: John Calipari

text: Since 2009, the Wildcats have been on the top of the high school basketball recruiting mountain. Recruiting has always been paramount for John Calipari and the Kentucky Wildcats. According to "The Washington Post", Calipari's teams have been a defensive powerhouse, historically ranking in the top 50 in Ken Pomeroy's defensive debate. Because of his successful recruiting John Calipari is able to bring in elite talent, and does not have to use a mundane 2–3 zone, or man to man defensive tactics to gain a defensive edge. Due to the use of four seven foot front court players, Kentucky has had the ability to display their defensive shot blocking presence.


title: John Calipari

text: One notable statistic is that, from 2002 to 2018, all 25 players coached by Calipari who chose to enter the NBA draft after their first season were drafted in the first round. This streak started with Dajuan Wagner at the University of Memphis, and ended when Kentucky Wildcat Jarred Vanderbilt was not drafted until the second round.


title: John Calipari

text: From 1988 to 1996 at UMass, Calipari led the Minutemen program to five consecutive Atlantic 10 titles and NCAA Tournament appearances, including periods where the program was ranked first nationally. He finished with a 193–71 record overall, with a 91–41 record in Atlantic 10 conference games. Calipari was named Atlantic 10 Coach of the Year in 1992, 1993, and 1996. He was also named the Naismith, NABC, "Basketball Times" & "Sporting News" National Coach of the Year in 1996. He led UMass to its first-ever appearance in the Final Four with the play of the John R. Wooden Award winner and Naismith College Player of the Year Marcus Camby, although this appearance was later vacated by the NCAA because Camby had accepted about $28,000 worth of gifts, in particular a gold chain, from two sports agents who were luring him to enter the NBA draft after his Sophomore season.


title: John Calipari

text: Calipari helped accelerate the construction of the Mullins Center, UMass' basketball and hockey facility. He also reached out to eastern Massachusetts and Boston to enlarge the fan base. Before moving on to the New Jersey Nets, Calipari became the second winningest coach in UMass history behind Jack Leaman.


title: John Calipari

text: In the Sweet 16 matchup with Kentucky in 1992, official Lenny Wirtz issued Calipari a controversial technical foul for being outside the coach's box during a crucial UMass possession. Kentucky went on to face Duke in the next round in one of the greatest games in college basketball history, won on a last-second shot by Christian Laettner.


title: John Calipari

text: In 1993, UMass defeated defending NCAA champion and preseason #1 North Carolina in the pre-season NIT in Madison Square Garden. The following year #3 UMass defeated defending NCAA champion and #1 Arkansas in the Hall of Fame Tip-Off classic, which resulted in UMass becoming the first New England college basketball team to be voted #1 in the Associated Press poll.


title: John Calipari

text: During Calipari's tenure at UMass, the program became one of the most dominant in college basketball despite recruiting just one McDonald's All-American (Donta Bright) and having only two players drafted by an NBA team (Lou Roe and Marcus Camby). Forde recalled the Final Four team in Calipari's final UMass season in 1995–96 as a squad "with one superstar (Marcus Camby) and a collection of complementary parts". By winning both the Atlantic 10 regular season and conference tournament championships from 1992 to 1996, UMass became the second team in college basketball history to win 5 consecutive regular season and conference tournament championships (NC State was the first).


title: John Calipari

text: In the 1996–97 season, John Calipari replaced Butch Beard as head coach of the New Jersey Nets. After a 26–56 debut season, the Nets made a major draft-day trade in June 1997, acquiring Keith Van Horn, Lucious Harris and two other players in exchange for Tim Thomas.


title: John Calipari

text: In 1997, while coaching the New Jersey Nets, Calipari directed profanities at "Star-Ledger" sports reporter Dan Garcia and referred to him as a "Mexican idiot". Garcia sued for $5,000,000 for emotional distress. Though the case was dismissed and Calipari apologized for his remarks, he was still fined $25,000 by the NBA.


title: John Calipari

text: The 1997–98 season was a lone bright spot for the Nets in the late 1990s. The team played well under Calipari, winning 43 games and qualifying for the playoffs on the last day of the season. The Nets were seeded eighth in the Eastern Conference and lost to the Chicago Bulls in the 1998 playoffs in three straight games.


title: John Calipari

text: The 1998–99 season was delayed for three months due to an owners' lockout of the players. When the abbreviated 50-game season began, the Nets were a choice by experts as a surprise team. However, Sam Cassell was injured in the first game and the team started poorly. With the Nets underachieving at 3–15, the Nets traded Cassell to the Milwaukee Bucks, while the Nets acquired Stephon Marbury from the Minnesota Timberwolves. After two more losses, Calipari was fired as head coach with the team at 3–17. He finished his tenure with an overall record of 72 wins and 112 losses and a .391 overall winning percentage. He then joined Larry Brown as an assistant coach for the Philadelphia 76ers.