title: Stendhal syndrome

text: The affliction is named after the 19th-century French author Stendhal (pseudonym of Marie-Henri Beyle), who described his experience with the phenomenon during his 1817 visit to Florence in his book "Naples and Florence: A Journey from Milan to Reggio". When he visited the Basilica of Santa Croce, where Niccolò Machiavelli, Michelangelo and Galileo Galilei are buried, he was overcome with profound emotion. Stendhal wrote:


title: Stendhal syndrome

text: Although psychologists have long debated whether Stendhal syndrome exists, the apparent effects on some individuals are severe enough to warrant medical attention. The staff at Florence's Santa Maria Nuova hospital are accustomed to tourists suffering from dizzy spells or disorientation after viewing the statue of David, the artworks of the Uffizi Gallery, and other historic treasures of the Tuscan city.


title: Stendhal syndrome

text: Though there are numerous accounts of people fainting while taking in Florentine art, dating from the early 19th century, the syndrome was only named in 1979, when it was described by Italian psychiatrist Graziella Magherini, who observed over a hundred similar cases among tourists in Florence. There exists no scientific evidence to define Stendhal syndrome as a specific psychiatric disorder; however, there is evidence that the same cerebral areas involved in emotional responses are activated during exposure to art. The syndrome is not listed as a recognised condition in the "Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders".


title: Stendhal syndrome

text: A more recent account of the Stendhal syndrome was in 2018, where a visitor to the Uffizi Gallery in Florence suffered a heart attack while admiring Sandro Botticelli's "The Birth of Venus".


title: Phaseolus vulgaris

text: Phaseolus vulgaris, the common bean, is a herbaceous annual plant grown worldwide for its edible dry seeds or green, unripe pods. Its leaf is also occasionally used as a vegetable and the straw as fodder. Its botanical classification, along with other "Phaseolus" species, is as a member of the legume family Fabaceae. Like most members of this family, common beans acquire the nitrogen they require through an association with rhizobia, which are nitrogen-fixing bacteria.


title: Phaseolus vulgaris

text: The common bean has a long history of cultivation. All wild members of the species have a climbing habit, but many cultivars are classified either as "bush beans" or "climbing beans", depending on their style of growth. Best-known cultivar groups include the kidney bean, the navy bean, the pinto bean, and the wax bean. The other major types of commercially grown beans are the runner bean ("Phaseolus coccineus") and the broad bean ("Vicia faba"). Beans are grown on every continent except Antarctica. Worldwide, 27 million tonnes of dried and 24 million tonnes of green beans were grown in 2016. In 2016, Myanmar was the largest producer of dried beans, while China produced 79% of the world's total of green beans.


title: Phaseolus vulgaris

text: The wild "P. vulgaris" is native to the Americas. It was originally believed that it had been domesticated separately in Mesoamerica and in the southern Andes region, giving the domesticated bean two gene pools. However, recent genetic analyses show that it was actually domesticated in Mesoamerica first, and traveled south, probably along with squash and maize (corn). The three Mesoamerican crops constitute the "Three Sisters" central to indigenous North American agriculture.


title: Phaseolus vulgaris

text: The common bean arrived in Europe as part of the Columbian exchange. In 1528, the pope, Giulio de' Medici, received some white beans, which thrived. Five years later, he gave a bag of beans as a present to his niece, Catherine, on her wedding to Prince Henri of France, along with the county of the Lauragais, whose county town is Castelnaudary, now synonymous with the white bean dish of cassoulet.


title: Phaseolus vulgaris

text: The common bean is a highly variable species with a long history. Bush varieties form erect bushes tall, while pole or running varieties form vines long. All varieties bear alternate, green or purple leaves, which are divided into three oval, smooth-edged leaflets, each long and wide. The white, pink, or purple flowers are about 1 cm long, and they give way to pods long and 1–1.5 cm wide. These may be green, yellow, black, or purple, each containing 4–6 beans. The beans are smooth, plump, kidney-shaped, up to 1.5 cm long, range widely in color and are often mottled in two or more colors. Raw or undercooked beans contain a toxic protein called phytohaemagglutinin.


title: Phaseolus vulgaris

text: Similar to other beans, the common bean is high in starch, protein, and dietary fiber and is an excellent source of iron, potassium, selenium, thiamine, vitamin B, and folate.


title: Phaseolus vulgaris

text: Dry beans will keep indefinitely if stored in a cool, dry place, but as time passes, their nutritive value and flavor degrade, and cooking times lengthen. Dried beans are almost always cooked by boiling, often after being soaked in water for several hours. While the soaking is not strictly necessary, it shortens cooking time and results in more evenly textured beans. In addition, soaking beans removes 5 to 10% of the gas-producing sugars that can cause flatulence for some people. The methods include simple overnight soaking and the power soak method, in which beans are boiled for three minutes and then set aside for 2–4 hours. Before cooking, the soaking water is drained off and discarded. Dry common beans take longer to cook than most pulses: cooking times vary from one to four hours but are substantially reduced with pressure cooking.


title: Phaseolus vulgaris

text: In Mexico, Central America, and South America, the traditional spice used with beans is "epazote", which is also said to aid digestion. In East Asia, a type of seaweed, "kombu", is added to beans as they cook for the same purpose. Salt, sugar, and acidic foods such as tomatoes may harden uncooked beans, resulting in seasoned beans at the expense of slightly longer cooking times.


title: Phaseolus vulgaris

text: Dry beans may also be bought cooked and canned as refried beans, or whole with water, salt, and sometimes sugar.


title: Phaseolus vulgaris

text: The three commonly known types of green beans are string or snap beans, which may be round or have a flat pod; stringless or French beans, which lack a tough, fibrous string running along the length of the pod; and runner beans, which belong to a separate species, "Phaseolus coccineus". Green beans may have a purple rather than green pod, which changes to green when cooked. Wax beans are "P. vulgaris" beans that have a yellow or white pod. Wax bean cultivars are commonly grown; the plants are often of the bush or dwarf form.


title: Phaseolus vulgaris

text: As the name implies, snap beans break easily when the pod is bent, giving off a distinct audible snap sound. The pods of snap beans (green, yellow and purple) are harvested when they are rapidly growing, fleshy, tender (not tough and stringy), and bright in color, and the seeds are small and underdeveloped (8 to 10 days after flowering).


title: Phaseolus vulgaris

text: Compared to dry beans, green and wax beans provide less starch and protein and more vitamin A and vitamin C. Green beans and wax beans are often steamed, boiled, stir-fried, or baked in casseroles.


title: Phaseolus vulgaris

text: Shell, shelled, or shelling beans are beans removed from their pods before being cooked or dried. Common beans can be used as shell beans, but the term also refers to other species of beans whose pods are not typically eaten, such as lima beans, soybeans, peas, and fava beans. Fresh shell beans are nutritionally similar to dry beans but are prepared more like vegetables, often steamed, fried, or made into soups.


title: Phaseolus vulgaris

text: The "nuña" is an Andean subspecies, "P. v." subsp. "nunas" (formerly "P. vulgaris" Nuñas group), with round, multicolored seeds that resemble pigeon eggs. When cooked on high heat, the bean explodes, exposing the inner part in the manner of popcorn and other puffed grains.


title: Phaseolus vulgaris

text: Some scientists have proposed Mesoamerica as a possible origin for the common bean. Scientists disagree over whether the common bean was a product of one or multiple domestication events. Over time two diverse gene pools emerged: the Andean gene pool from Southern Peru to Northwest Argentina and the Mesoamerican gene pool between Mexico and Colombia.


title: Phaseolus vulgaris

text: Large-seeded varieties of the domesticated bean have been found in the highlands of Peru, dating to 2300 BC, and spreading to the coastal regions by around 500 BC. Small-seeded varieties were found in sites in Mexico, dating to 300 BC, which then spread north and east of the Mississippi River by 1000 AD.


title: Phaseolus vulgaris

text: Many well-known bean cultivars and varieties belong to this species, and the list below is in no way exhaustive. Both bush and running (pole) cultivars/varieties exist. The colors and shapes of pods and seeds vary over a wide range.


title: Phaseolus vulgaris

text: In 2016, world production of green beans was 23.6 million tonnes, led by China with 79% of the total (table). World dried bean production in 2016 was 26.8 million tonnes, with Myanmar, India, and Brazil as leading producers (table).


title: Phaseolus vulgaris

text: The toxic compound phytohaemagglutinin, a lectin, is present in many common bean varieties but is especially concentrated in red kidney beans. White kidney beans contain about a third as many toxins as the red variety; broad beans ("Vicia faba") contain 5 to 10% as much as red kidney beans.


title: Phaseolus vulgaris

text: Phytohaemagglutinin can be deactivated by cooking beans for ten minutes at boiling point (100 °C, 212 °F). Insufficient cooking, such as in a slow cooker at 80 °C/ 176 °F, is insufficient to deactivate all toxins. To safely cook the beans, the U.S Food and Drug Administration recommends boiling for 30 minutes to ensure they reach a sufficient temperature for long enough to destroy the toxin completely. For dry beans, the FDA also recommends an initial soak of at least 5 hours in water which should then be discarded. Outbreaks of poisoning have been associated with cooking kidney beans in slow cookers.


title: Phaseolus vulgaris

text: The primary symptoms of phytohaemagglutinin poisoning are nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Onset is from one to three hours after consumption of improperly prepared beans, and symptoms typically resolve within a few hours. Consumption of as few as four or five raw, soaked kidney beans can cause symptoms. Canned red kidney beans are safe to use immediately, as they have already been cooked.


title: Phaseolus vulgaris

text: Beans are high in purines, which are metabolized to uric acid. Uric acid is not a toxin but may promote the development or exacerbation of gout. However, more recent research has questioned this association, finding that moderate intake of purine-rich foods is not associated with an increased risk of gout.


title: Phaseolus vulgaris

text: Bean leaves have been used to trap bedbugs in houses. Microscopic hairs (trichomes) on the bean leaves entrap the insects.


title: Phaseolus vulgaris

text: From ancient times, beans were used as devices in various methods of divination. Fortune-telling using beans is called favomancy.


title: Phaseolus vulgaris

text: "Phaseolus vulgaris" has been found to bio-accumulate zinc, manganese, and iron and have some tolerance to their respective toxicities, suggesting suitability for natural bio-remediation of heavy-metal-contaminated soils.


title: The Sea Beast (2022 film)

text: The Sea Beast is a 2022 computer-animated adventure film directed by Chris Williams, who co-wrote the screenplay with Nell Benjamin and produced with Jed Schlanger. The film stars the voices of Karl Urban, Zaris-Angel Hator, Jared Harris, and Marianne Jean-Baptiste. It tells the story of a sea monster hunter and a young orphan girl who joins his group of sea monster hunters on their search for the elusive Red Bluster.


title: The Sea Beast (2022 film)

text: The film began a limited theatrical release on June 24, 2022, before debuting on Netflix on July 8. It received positive reviews from critics and became the most successful animated film from Netflix, with 165 million hours viewed.


title: The Sea Beast (2022 film)

text: For hundreds of years, sea beasts have surfaced to wreak havoc against mankind. In response, sailors known as 'hunters' venture outward on their ships to hunt the beasts across the ocean, the most famous and successful of these being the crew of the "Inevitable"; led by the legendary Captain Crow, his first mate Sarah Sharpe, and his adopted son Jacob Holland. The hunters are financially backed by the King and Queen of The Crown, who have established a distinguished society dubbed Three Bridges as a result of the hunters' success over the centuries. After being nearly killed during a hunt, Crow tells Jacob that he will make him captain once they kill a female sea beast known as the Red Bluster that took his eye decades earlier.


title: The Sea Beast (2022 film)

text: The crew returns to Three Bridges to collect payment for their latest catch, but are told by the King and Queen that they will soon be replaced by a naval vessel named the "Imperator", headed by Admiral Hornagold, the latter of whom feels the hunters are outdated and will carry on the hunting of sea beasts in their place. This angers Crow and Sarah and nearly results in their arrest before Jacob proposes that his crew be given one more chance to kill the Red Bluster to prove their worth. The King and Queen and Admiral Hornagold accept, with the Crown declaring a contest between the crews of the "Imperator" and "Inevitable" and the winner being allowed to hunt the sea beasts in their name.


title: The Sea Beast (2022 film)

text: After they depart, the crew discovers that an orphan girl named Maisie Brumble has stowed away on the ship to join them, having been inspired to do so by her late parents who died during a hunt. The "Inevitable" finds and attacks the Red Bluster. Against Crow's orders, Jacob hesitantly allows Maisie to cut a rope connecting the ship to the Bluster, which saves the crew, but lets the Bluster escape and throws Jacob and Maisie into the sea. Angered, Crow holds both of them at gunpoint and demands Jacob bring Maisie to him before the Bluster emerges from the depths and swallows Maisie and Jacob whole.


title: The Sea Beast (2022 film)

text: The Bluster takes Jacob and Maisie to an isolated island populated by several other beasts. Maisie discovers that the Bluster is not malicious and befriends the beast, naming her Red, while also befriending a smaller beast named Blue. Maisie begins to believe that the monsters are really just misunderstood creatures, which Jacob initially denies. Jacob and Maisie convince Red to take them to Rum Pepper island, so they can secure a ship to return to Three Bridges.


title: The Sea Beast (2022 film)

text: Believing Jacob to be dead, Crow seeks out an elderly merchant named Gwen Batterbie, who gives Crow a poison-tipped harpoon powerful enough to kill Red. While on Red's back, Jacob and Maisie bond with the creature and each other, with Jacob growing to support Maisie's belief of the beasts being innocent. They reach Rum Pepper Island but discover that the "Imperator" and Hornagold are stationed there. Red attacks the vessel after being shot at by a crewmember, and inadvertently wounds Maisie in the scuffle. After destroying the "Imperator", Jacob momentarily stops Red from killing Hornagold.


title: The Sea Beast (2022 film)

text: Red spots the "Inevitable" and attacks, but is shot with the poison-tipped harpoon and nearly dies, with Crow keeping her alive long enough to bring her to The Crown as a trophy. Maisie is nursed back to health but then imprisoned aboard the "Inevitable" as it arrives at Three Bridges with Red in tow. After Blue frees Maisie, she realizes the hatred of sea beasts is all propaganda created by the Crown to extend their rule.


title: The Sea Beast (2022 film)

text: Crow prepares to publicly execute Red before being stopped by Jacob. Crow and Jacob fight, while Maisie and Sarah, who begins to believe Maisie's worldview of the beasts, free Red from her binds. Maisie and Jacob convince Red to spare Crow, subsequently exposing The Crown for their deceptions. After witnessing the passive nature of the beasts, Crow and the rest of the kingdom renounce their beliefs. With Red and the other sea beasts left alone, Maisie, Blue, and Jacob begin their new lives together as a family.


title: The Sea Beast (2022 film)

text: On November 5, 2018, Netflix announced that Chris Williams will write and direct the animated movie "Jacob and the Sea Beast". On November 7, 2020, the film was retitled to "The Sea Beast".


title: The Sea Beast (2022 film)

text: Mark Mancina composed the film's score. Mancina also produced an original song called "Captain Crow" a sea shanty depicting the character written by Nell Benjamin and Laurence O'Keefe.


title: The Sea Beast (2022 film)

text: In March 2022, Netflix announced its premiere date for July 8, 2022. The film was released in select theaters on June 24, 2022, before its Netflix debut.


title: The Sea Beast (2022 film)

text: On Metacritic, the film has a weighted average score of 74 out of 100 based on 20 critics, indicating favorable reviews.


title: Crisis (2021 film)

text: Crisis is a 2021 crime thriller film written, produced and directed by Nicholas Jarecki. The film’s ensemble cast includes Gary Oldman, Armie Hammer, Evangeline Lilly, Greg Kinnear, Michelle Rodriguez, Luke Evans, Lily-Rose Depp, Kid Cudi (Scott Mescudi), and Martin Donovan.


title: Crisis (2021 film)

text: "Crisis" was released in the United States on February 26, 2021, by Quiver Distribution, and was released in Canada on March 16, 2021, by Elevation Pictures and on March 16, 2021, in Australia by Universal Pictures. Warner Bros. has announced they will release in the United Kingdom.


title: Crisis (2021 film)

text: Teenage drug runner Cedric Beauville is captured and arrested by the Royal Canadian Mounted Police on the Canada–United States border in possession of large quantities of illegal fentanyl pills.


title: Crisis (2021 film)

text: Everett University research scientist Dr. Tyrone Brower is contracted by Northlight Pharmaceuticals to carry out a study in support of their newest product, Klaralon. The drug is being touted as the first non-addictive painkiller and is due to be released shortly as a replacement for Oxycodone. The study uncovers concerning results; Klaralon initially presents as non-addictive when taken daily for the first 7 days (parameters specified by Northlight), however after 7 days it becomes almost three times more addictive than Oxycodone. Realising the public health implications, Brower recommends to Northlight they delay Klaralon's release for further testing, which they object to. Board member Dr. Bill Simons tries to tempt Brower into changing his mind by offering a large research grant, but Brower refuses. With Northlight being one of the university's main donors, Brower finds himself under pressure from department head Greg Talbot to approve the study, but again is reluctant. Northlight begins leaking information to discredit his reputation, and Everett University revokes his tenure. Desperate, Brower becomes a whistleblower and contacts the FDA, being put in contact with investigator Ben Walker.


title: Crisis (2021 film)

text: Detroit based DEA agent Jake Kelly has managed to infiltrate two large scale drug cartels running fentanyl. One is run by the Armenian Mafia who operate pill mills across the US. The other is based in Montreal, Quebec controlled by drug kingpin Claude ‘Mother’ Veroche, who operates out of a nondescript restaurant called La Marina. Kelly intends to convince the two cartels to enter into business, so both leaders can be arrested at once when they meet. Kelly has personal motivation for bringing them down, due to his younger sister suffering from crippling heroin addiction. Kelly's relationship with Mother becomes strained when news of Cedric's capture comes to light, with Mother becoming concerned there is an informant in his organisation. Due to operational funding concerns, Kelly's superior agent Garrett gives him a reduced timescale to organise the meet between the two cartels. Mother has Cedric killed in custody for his silence, and executes his second in command Guy Broussard after discovering he has been speaking with the authorities.


title: Crisis (2021 film)

text: Architect and recovering Oxycodone addict Claire Reimann becomes concerned when her 16-year-old son David does not return home from hockey practice. He is later found dead as a result of a fentanyl overdose, shocking Claire who is convinced he never took drugs. Although the Detroit Police Department treats it as an accidental death, she hires a private investigator who determines David was forced to take the fentanyl and was murdered. Through her son's social media she tracks down one of his friends, who confesses several teenagers from the hockey team (from both Detroit and Montreal) work for Mother as drug runners, although David had only done it once. Reimann crosses the Ambassador Bridge and travels to Montreal where she hires another private investigator, who provides her with information on Mother and an untraceable ghost gun. She threatens another drug runner, Derrick Millebran, who believes that Mother is killing them to tie up loose ends after Cedric's arrest. Kelly becomes aware of Reimann's activities through investigation of Cedric's associates, and intercepts her outside La Marina. He does not arrest her, but instead unloads her gun and urges her to leave for her own good.


title: Crisis (2021 film)

text: The meeting between the two cartels goes ahead, covertly monitored by a joint DEA-RCMP taskforce. However, an RCMP surveillance officer accidentally gives away his position, resulting in a shootout that kills Kelly's partner, Special Agent Stanley Foster. Mother also escapes, believed to have fled to Algeria. Given the seizure of the drugs at the meet, both US and Canadian agencies decide to disband the continued search for Mother and the Armenians. Outraged, Kelly goes against orders and travels to La Marina, where he threatens an employee who tells him Mother is still in Canada but is planning to escape via seaplane that evening from the Port of Montreal. Reimann is also given this information from her private investigator. Kelly arrives at the port, but has been beaten there by Reimann, who opens fire and kills Mother as he makes his way to the aircraft. His bodyguard shoots her in the arm, but is swiftly shot by Kelly. He then replaces the men's weapons with Reimann's ghost gun and his own unregistered back up gun, to make it appear they shot each other in a disagreement over money that was being carried by Mother at the time. He treats her gunshot wound, and tells her he does not intend to arrest her.


title: Crisis (2021 film)

text: A last ditch effort by Northlight CEO Dr. Meg Holmes also fails to convince Brower to come on side, and the company is subjected to an FDA hearing. To Brower's shock, the agency does not revoke Northlight's permissions for Klaralon's release, noting that the potential benefits to the public outweigh the dangers highlighted by his study. Walker is also reassigned as a retaliatory measure. Despite the legal risk, Brower breaks his non-disclosure agreement and goes to the press, finally getting the information public. His integrity and honesty pays off, and he is later hired by the University of Michigan due to his actions, and is seen giving an introductory lecture to a crowded auditorium.


title: Crisis (2021 film)

text: In February 2019, it was announced that Armie Hammer, Gary Oldman, Evangeline Lilly, and Veronica Ferres had joined the cast, with Nicholas Jarecki directing from a screenplay he wrote. Greg Kinnear, Michelle Rodriguez and Lily-Rose Depp were added to the cast in February.


title: Crisis (2021 film)

text: In March 2019, Adam Tsekhman joined the cast of the film. In April 2019, Sam Worthington, Indira Varma, Kid Cudi, Luke Evans, Mia Kirshner, Michael Aronov and Martin Donovan joined the cast of the film. In December 2019, it was announced that Duke Nicholson had joined the cast of the film.


title: Crisis (2021 film)

text: In December 2020, it was announced Quiver Distribution had acquired United States distribution rights, with some other distributors which acquired the film being Elevation Pictures for Canada, Universal Pictures for most of the world, Warner Bros. Pictures for the United Kingdom, Metropolitan Filmexport for France and Sony Pictures for airlines. Quiver then set it for a February 26, 2021 nationwide theatrical release in the United States, followed by a home entertainment release on March 5, 2021. The film was theatrically released internationally on March 26, 2021. It was released in Canada on March 16, 2021, by Elevation Pictures.


title: Crisis (2021 film)

text: Crisis was the highest-grossing independent film at the US box office in its opening weekend, earning $202,489 across a total of 216 screens. It had the second-highest per-screen average of all films playing that weekend with an average of $883 per screen. It was also the highest-grossing film playing in limited release.


title: Crisis (2021 film)

text: Crisis was the #1 debut film during its opening weekend in Australia, placing #4 of all films in release.


title: Crisis (2021 film)

text: Crisis was released on home streaming platforms in the US on March 6, 2021. It quickly climbed the iTunes charts where it reached No. 1 in the drama, thriller, and independent categories as well as #2 in overall rentals within its first 24 hours.


title: Crisis (2021 film)

text: It reached No. 1 of all films rented on the iTunes charts on March 9, 2021, and held the #1 position for 8 days, one of only 4 films to do so in 2021. It also ranked No. 2 on Amazon in its first week of release and placed in the top ten on Spectrum VOD for 2 weeks running.


title: Crisis (2021 film)

text: Advance reviews for the film were very positive. "Variety"'s Marc Malkin wrote that the film is "intense and timely [...] with exceptional performances, fine storytelling, and master craftsmanship." KTLA's Scott Mantz wrote that the film is "riveting, gripping, and provocative. A terrific thriller with superb performances across the board," while WOR's Joe Neumaier described the film as "a multilayered dramatic thriller that tackles every vicious part of the opioid emergency. Gary Oldman, Armie Hammer, and Evangeline Lilly deliver urgent, powerful turns in this finely crafted film that is impressively up-to-the-minute."


title: Crisis (2021 film)

text: After the release of these quotes, one of the film's lead actors, Armie Hammer, was publicly embroiled in a sexual abuse scandal.


title: Crisis (2021 film)

text: Upon general release, much sentiment for the film outside of some major outlets like Variety and Deadline was markedly negative. Peter DeBruge of Variety gave the film a positive review, noting that Crisis was "compelling, relevant filmmaking... [with] no shortage of engaging and/or wrenching material..." while Pete Hammond of Deadline wrote that "Crisis comes along at the right time... Oldman and Lily are excellent, and Hammer is very fine as well."


title: Crisis (2021 film)

text: Many other critics were negative, noting the film's similarity to Steven Soderbergh's "Traffic", with John DeFore of "The Hollywood Reporter" describing the film as "Well-meaning but underwhelming."


title: Crisis (2021 film)

text: Jeffrey Wells of Hollywood Elsewhere suggested that critics were attacking the film as "easy pickings" because of Hammer's personal controversy. In the column, Wells wrote: "In a fair and just world [...] "Crisis" [...] would have cruised through to, say, an 82% score. Is "Crisis" as good as Steven Soderbergh's "Traffic"? No, but it's smart and well-assembled [...] It's Armie Hammer. I know it's Armie Hammer. The bastards are figuring 'okay, the industry is giving him the temporary boot so I can trash this all I want and nobody will say anything.'"


title: Manish Dayal

text: Manish Patel (born June 17, 1983), known professionally as Manish Dayal, is an American actor. He is best known for his roles as Raj Kher in The CW hit teen series "90210" as well as in the films "The Hundred Foot Journey" (2014) and "Viceroy's House" (2017). Since 2018, he has featured as a main cast member of the Amy Holden Jones-created Fox medical drama series "The Resident".


title: Manish Dayal

text: Dayal was born Manish Patel to an Indian Gujarati family in Orangeburg, South Carolina. His parents, Hema and Sudhir Patel, are from Gujarat. He has a sister, Neisha Patel, who is a vascular neurology fellow at Columbia University Medical Center. He uses his grandfather's first name, Dayal, as his stage surname. He attended Marshall Elementary School and later went to Heathwood Hall in Columbia, South Carolina. He subsequently obtained a degree in International Business from George Washington University. After he graduated in 2005, he moved to New York to pursue his acting career, and five years later he moved to Los Angeles, where he resides with his wife and two children.


title: Manish Dayal

text: Dayal started his career appearing in national commercials for McDonald's, Windows, Nintendo, and Domino's Pizza. In 2008, he played the lead in The New Group's twice-extended off-Broadway show "Rafta, Rafta...". He played a small role in "The Sorcerer's Apprentice" and Paula van der Oest's "Domino Effect". After guest-starring on "" on CBS, Dayal went on to play Hal, a code-breaking computer analyst, on the AMC series "Rubicon". Dayal also starred in the romantic comedy "Walkaway", which explores love and culture set in New York. In 2010 and 2011, he played Ravi, the smug A-team leader on "Outsourced", a comedy series from NBC. He also played Raj Kher, an alternative college student recovering from cancer, in the third and fourth seasons of The CW's "90210".


title: Manish Dayal

text: He starred as Hassan Kadam in "The Hundred Foot Journey" (2014). Since 2018, he has starred in the Fox TV series "The Resident".


title: Sunrisers Hyderabad

text: Sunrisers Hyderabad (stylised as SunRisers Hyderabad, SRH) are a franchise cricket team based in Hyderabad, Telangana, India, that plays in the Indian Premier League (IPL). The franchise is owned by Kalanithi Maran of the SUN Group and was founded in 2012 after the Hyderabad-based Deccan Chargers were terminated by the IPL. The team is currently captained by Bhuvneshwar Kumar and coached by Brian Lara. Their primary home ground is the Rajiv Gandhi International Cricket Stadium, Hyderabad, which has capacity of 55,000.


title: Sunrisers Hyderabad

text: The team made their first IPL appearance in 2013, where they reached the playoffs, eventually finishing in fourth place. The Sunrisers won their maiden IPL title in the 2016 season, defeating the Royal Challengers Bangalore by 8 runs in the final. The team has qualified for the play-off stage of the tournament in every season since 2016. In 2018, the team reached the finals of the Indian Premier League, but lost to Chennai Super Kings. The team is considered one of the best bowling sides, often admired for its ability to defend low totals. David Warner is the leading run scorer for the side, having won the Orange Cap three times, in 2015, 2017, and 2019. Bhuvneshwar Kumar is the leading wicket-taker having won the Purple Cap twice, in 2016 and 2017. The COVID-19 pandemic impacted the brand value of the Sunrisers Hyderabad which saw a decline of 4 percent to 57.4 million in 2020 as the overall brand value of the IPL decreased to 4.4 billion, according to Brand Finance.


title: Sunrisers Hyderabad

text: Sunrisers Hyderabad replaced the Deccan Chargers in 2012 and debuted in 2013. The franchise was taken over by Sun TV Network after the Deccan Chronicle went bankrupt. The squad was announced in Chennai on 18 December 2012. The team is owned by Sun TV Network who won the bid with per year for a five-year deal, a week after the Chargers were terminated due to prolonged financial issues. Sun TV Network Limited, which is headquartered in Chennai, is one of India's biggest television networks with 32 TV channels and 45 FM radio stations, making it India's largest media and entertainment company.


title: Sunrisers Hyderabad

text: The team jersey was unveiled on 8 March 2013, and the team anthem composed by G. V. Prakash Kumar was released on 12 March 2013. The logo was unveiled on 20 December 2012, along with the announcement that the team's management would be led by Kris Srikkanth, now replaced by veteran Muttiah Muralitharan, Tom Moody and V. V. S. Laxman.


title: Sunrisers Hyderabad

text: Sunrisers Hyderabad made their IPL debut in the 2013 season. They retained 20 players from the Chargers, which left slots open for 13 players (eight Indian, five overseas). They filled six of these with Thisara Perera, Darren Sammy, Sudeep Tyagi, Nathan McCullum, Quinton de Kock and Clint McKay. Kumar Sangakkara captained SRH for nine matches and Cameron White was captain for the remaining seven, as well as the eliminator match in the playoffs. In their inaugural season, the team reached the playoffs but were eliminated after losing against Rajasthan Royals by 4 wickets at Feroz Shah Kotla in Delhi on 22 May 2013. The team played all of their home games in Hyderabad.


title: Sunrisers Hyderabad

text: For the 2014 season, Pune Warriors India was defunct and not replaced, leaving only eight teams in the league. The team retained two players, Dale Steyn and Shikhar Dhawan. As a result of this retention, the team had an auction purse of and two right-to-match cards. Shikhar Dhawan and Darren Sammy were named as captain and vice captain respectively. Due to the 2014 Lok Sabha Elections, the season was partially held outside India with the opening 20 matches hosted in the United Arab Emirates and the remaining matches played in India from 2 May onwards. The team finished in 6th place with six wins and eight losses, failing to secure a place in the playoffs. Dhawan led the team for the first ten matches while Sammy led the team for remaining four.


title: Sunrisers Hyderabad

text: For the 2015 season, SRH retained 13 players and released 11. David Warner was appointed as the captain for this season and led the team in all matches played. Muttiah Muralitharan was appointed the team's bowling coach as well as mentor. Sunrisers Hyderabad played their first three home games at Visakhapatnam and the remaining four home games at Hyderabad. The team again finished 6th with seven wins and seven losses, failing to reach the playoffs. Warner won the first Orange Cap for SRH.


title: Sunrisers Hyderabad

text: For the 2016 season, SRH retained 15 players and released nine. After the auction, SRH traded two players. Sunrisers Hyderabad were crowned champions after defeating Royal Challengers Bangalore in the final and ending the season with 11 wins and six losses. This was their maiden, and to date only, title. Bhuvneshwar Kumar became the first Sunrisers Hyderabad player to win the Purple Cap.


title: Sunrisers Hyderabad

text: For the 2017 season, SRH retained 17 players and released six from the title-winning squad. The team then spent at the auction, leaving remaining. As the defending champions, as per IPL norms, SRH hosted both the opening and closing ceremonies of the season. The team finished 3rd on points in the table. They lost against the Kolkata Knight Riders in the eliminator match at the M. Chinnaswamy Stadium in Bangalore. The team made a below-par total of 128–7 in 20 overs, but the Kolkata Knight Riders' innings was reduced to just six overs due to rain. The revised total was 48, which the Knight Riders met with seven wickets and four balls remaining. Bhuvneshwar Kumar was able to retain the Purple Cap while David Warner won the Orange Cap.


title: Sunrisers Hyderabad

text: For the 2018 season, the Chennai Super Kings and Rajasthan Royals were reinstated in the league after serving a two-year suspension from the competition due to the involvement of their players in the 2013 IPL betting scandal. The IPL governing council decided that a maximum of five players can be retained by each IPL team. SRH retained only two players and released all remaining players from the squad. The retention of two players meant SRH went in to the 2018 IPL auction with 59 crore in their auction purse and three right-to-match (RTM) cards. The salary deduction for every retained player from the franchise's salary purse was stipulated to be 15 crore, 11 crore and 7 crore if three players were retained; 12.5 crore and 8.5 crore if two players were retained; and 12.5 crore if only one player was retained. For retaining an uncapped player, salary deduction was set at 3 crore. David Warner had stepped down from captaincy on 28 March 2018 and the BCCI announced that he will not be allowed to play in IPL 2018 following the Australian ball-tampering controversy. On 29 March, New Zealand captain Kane Williamson was chosen to lead SRH for the 2018 season. On 31 March, England batsman Alex Hales was announced as replacement for the banned David Warner. SRH finished the 2018 season as runners-up of the competition after losing to Chennai Super Kings in the final with 10 wins and seven losses. Williamson won the Orange Cap with 735 runs.


title: Sunrisers Hyderabad

text: Ahead of the auction, SRH traded Shikhar Dhawan to Delhi Capitals in favour of Shahbaz Nadeem, Vijay Shankar and Abhishek Sharma. SRH retained 17 players and released nine players. On auction day (18 December 2018), SRH bought three new players; Jonny Bairstow, Martin Guptill and Wriddhiman Saha, the latter of which was bought back in the auction after initially being released. David Warner made a comeback to IPL on 24 March 2019 after he was banned by BCCI to participate in 2018 season due to Australian ball-tampering controversy. SRH decided to stay with Kane Williamson as captain and Bhuvneshwar Kumar as vice-captain. Before start of the season, Williamson was nursing an injury and Kumar led the team in the first game against Kolkata Knight Riders and from the third game till the sixth game. SRH ended the 2019 season with 6 wins and 9 losses. They lost against Delhi Capitals in the Eliminator at Dr. Y. S. Rajasekhara Reddy ACA-VDCA Cricket Stadium in Visakhapatnam. David Warner won the orange cap in this season.


title: Sunrisers Hyderabad

text: Ahead of the auction, SRH retained 18 players and released 5 players. On auction day (19 December 2019), SRH bought 7 new players including the likes of Mitchell Marsh and Priyam Garg among others. SRH parted ways with Tom Moody and Simon Helmot and named Trevor Bayliss and Brad Haddin as Head coach and Assistant Coach respectively. On 27 February 2020, David Warner was reinstated as captain of SRH replacing Kane Williamson. SRH ended their 2020 campaign with 8 wins and 8 losses. In the playoffs, they beat the Royal Challengers Bangalore before losing to the Delhi Capitals in the Qualifier 2 at Sheikh Zayed Cricket Stadium in Abu Dhabi with David Warner as their highest run-scorer for the season.


title: Sunrisers Hyderabad

text: Ahead of the auction, SRH retained 22 players and released 5 players. On auction day (18 February 2021), SRH bought 3 players – J Suchith, Mujeeb Ur Rahman, and Kedar Jadhav. In addition, SRH added Tom Moody back to the staff team as the Director of Cricket.


title: Sunrisers Hyderabad

text: Following the team's poor start to the season with 1 win from 7 games, SRH announced Kane Williamson as their captain for the remainder of the season replacing David Warner.


title: Sunrisers Hyderabad

text: The Rajiv Gandhi International Cricket Stadium is the principal cricket stadium in Hyderabad, Telangana state, India and is the home ground of the Sunrisers Hyderabad. It is owned by the Hyderabad Cricket Association (HCA). It is located in the eastern suburb of Uppal and has a seating capacity of 55,000.


title: Sunrisers Hyderabad

text: In 2015, the 40,000-capacity Dr. Y. S. Rajasekhara Reddy ACA–VDCA Cricket Stadium, which is located in Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, was selected as the secondary home ground for Sunrisers Hyderabad and the team played their first three home games there that season.


title: Sunrisers Hyderabad

text: During the 2017 season, as the Sunrisers Hyderabad were defending IPL champions, they hosted the season opener and final. SRH selected their primary home ground to host their home games.


title: Sunrisers Hyderabad

text: During the 2019 season, Rajiv Gandhi International Cricket Stadium was selected to host the IPL final after the BCCI decided to shift the match from M. A. Chidambaram Stadium in Chennai after TNCA failed to secure permission to open three locked stands for the match. Hyderabad Cricket Association won the award for best ground and pitch during 2019 IPL.


title: Bow Wow Wow

text: Bow Wow Wow are an English new wave band, created by manager Malcolm McLaren in 1980. McLaren recruited members of Adam and the Ants to form the band behind 13-year-old Annabella Lwin on vocals. They released their debut EP "Your Cassette Pet" in 1980, and had their first UK top 10 hit with "Go Wild in the Country" in 1982. The band's music was characterized by a danceable new wave sound that drew on a Burundi beat provided by Dave Barbarossa on drums, as well as the subversive, suggestive, and sometimes exuberant lyrics sung and chanted by their teenage lead vocalist.


title: Bow Wow Wow

text: In 1980, former Sex Pistols manager McLaren persuaded David Barbarossa (also known as Dave Barbe), guitarist Matthew Ashman and bassist Leigh Gorman to leave Adam Ant and form a new group under McLaren's management. The band embarked on a six-month audition process for a lead singer. Liverpool session musician, music director, and talent scout Dave Fishel heard 13-year-old Lwin singing along to the radio at a West Hampstead dry cleaners where she worked and he persuaded McLaren to audition her. Shortly after Lwin joined the group, McLaren added a second lead singer, George Alan O'Dowd, dubbed "Lieutenant Lush" (in an early version of "Mile High Club", Annabella refers to herself as "Captain Lush"). His stay was short-lived, however. O'Dowd soon formed a new band called Culture Club and went on to superstardom under the name "Boy George".


title: Bow Wow Wow

text: Bow Wow Wow signed with EMI Records in July 1980 and released their first single, "C·30 C·60 C·90 Go!", shortly thereafter. Initially released only on cassette, it was the world's first-ever cassette single (a 7" vinyl version was released several months later). EMI did not promote the "cassingle" due to its lyrics ("Off the radio I get constant flow/Hit it, pause it, record and play/Turn it, rewind and rub it away"), which promoted home taping at a time when music piracy was a hot-button issue. The B-side, "Sun, Sea and Piracy", also promoted home taping, then lying on a beach and enjoying the fruits of this labour. Both tracks were on side one of the tape, making the second side blank, presumably so the listener could follow Annabella's lead. Despite its lack of promotion, "C·30 C·60 C·90 Go!" reached No. 34 on the UK Singles Chart and stayed on the chart for seven weeks.


title: Bow Wow Wow

text: Bow Wow Wow performed on a Peel Session on 20 October 1980 and in November they released the cassette-only mini-album "Your Cassette Pet". It contained only eight tracks and was not available on vinyl; therefore, it was ineligible for the UK Albums Chart. However, it peaked at No. 58 on the UK Singles Chart. One notorious track from the mini-album was "Sexy Eiffel Towers". Credited to Ashman, Barbarossa, Gorman, and McLaren, it included suggestive moaning and heavy breathing performed by then 14-year-old Lwin. Other controversial tracks included "Louis Quatorze" (which called attention to Lwin's young age), "Uomo Sex Al Apache," and "Radio G-String." All tracks on My Cassette Pet are credited to the four men except "Fools Rush In." McLaren was already renowned for his creative use of provocation to raise public awareness of his projects (and for occasionally taking things too far).


title: Bow Wow Wow

text: Both "C·30 C·60 C·90 Go!" and "Your Cassette Pet" ranked among the top 10 "Tracks of the Year" for 1980 by "NME". When their second single, "W.O.R.K. (N.O. Nah, No No My Daddy Don't)" failed to chart, EMI dropped the group.


title: Bow Wow Wow

text: In 1981, after splitting from EMI, Bow Wow Wow signed with A&R head Bill Kimber at the U.K. division of RCA Records. In October of that year, their first full-length album was released: "See Jungle! See Jungle! Go Join Your Gang Yeah, City All Over! Go Ape Crazy!" The cover photograph (by Andy Earl) depicted the band recreating Édouard Manet’s "Le Déjeuner sur l’herbe" with a then 14-year-old Lwin posing nude, with her side turned toward the camera and arm and leg positioned to hide explicit content. The cover caused outrage and Lwin was almost made to quit the band due to the controversy. Lwin's mother alleged exploitation of a minor for immoral purposes and instigated a Scotland Yard investigation. As a result, the band was forbidden to leave the UK until McLaren promised not to promote Annabella as a "sex kitten". Regardless, the photo appeared a second time on the cover of the band's follow-up EP "The Last of the Mohicans".


title: Bow Wow Wow

text: From "See Jungle! See Jungle! Go Join Your Gang, Yeah, City All Over! Go Ape Crazy!", Bow Wow Wow scored its first UK top 10 hit with "Go Wild in the Country" in early 1982. The single featured a third appearance of the band's take on Manet's "Le Déjeuner sur l’herbe" on the sleeve. Around the same time, Bow Wow Wow toured the US, opening for The Pretenders and The Police. The band were set to tour Europe, opening for Queen (who were supporting their dance-oriented "Hot Space" album), but they were poorly received by Queen's fans and were dropped from the tour before the dates were completed. In May, they toured Japan, supporting Madness.


title: Bow Wow Wow

text: In May 1982, RCA Records released the four-track "The Last of the Mohicans", produced by Kenny Laguna and containing their biggest hit single, "I Want Candy". The remake of the 1965 hit by the Strangeloves was featured in an early music video on MTV. The single reached No. 9 on the UK Singles Chart in June 1982. The EP also included a remixed version of "Louis Quatorze", which first appeared on "Your Cassette Pet". "The Last of the Mohicans" peaked at No. 67 on the US "Billboard" 200, their highest entry on the chart.


title: Bow Wow Wow

text: Laguna also produced Bow Wow Wow's follow up single, "Baby, Oh No", the first single from Bow Wow Wow to chart in America (No. 103),but not in the UK. The lyrics to the song were later reworked for advertising use by the Japanese cosmetic brand Perky Jean by Shiseido.


title: Bow Wow Wow

text: Following the success of the "I Want Candy" music video on MTV, RCA compiled an album, "I Want Candy", to capitalize on their newfound American audience. Once again, the cover photo (by Jim Varriale) featured a nude Lwin, this time painted entirely in gold. Side one of "I Want Candy" contained all four tracks from "The Last of the Mohicans" and "Baby, Oh No". Side two consisted of four tracks from "See Jungle! See Jungle! Go Join Your Gang, Yeah. City All Over! Go Ape Crazy!" and "El Boss Dicho", the B-side to "Go Wild in the Country". The album peaked at No. 123 on the "Billboard" 200.


title: Bow Wow Wow

text: Meanwhile, EMI reissued all their recordings under the same title "I Want Candy". The EMI album matched "See Jungle"'s position of number 26 on the UK album charts. It was released in North America as "Twelve Original Recordings" and elsewhere as "Original Recordings."


title: Bow Wow Wow

text: In 1983, RCA released Bow Wow Wow's second full-length album, "When the Going Gets Tough, the Tough Get Going". At the behest of Ashman, Lwin wrote all the lyrics on the album. The cover photography was by David Bailey, and the album credits gave "a kiss" to "Jim" (James Honeyman-Scott) and John Belushi, who had both recently died.


title: Bow Wow Wow

text: The lead single, "Do You Wanna Hold Me?", reached No. 47 in the UK (the band's last charting single in the UK), but fared best on the Dutch charts, where it peaked at No. 3. With the help of a video in heavy rotation on MTV, the song achieved moderate success in the US, reaching No. 77 on the charts.


title: Bow Wow Wow

text: The group had planned to embark on a world tour in support of "When the Going Gets Tough, the Tough Get Going" but tensions within the group were rising, as the members were suffering from illness and exhaustion after a successful but intense U.S. tour. In September 1983, Lwin was suddenly and unceremoniously fired from the band. She reportedly learned of her ousting by reading it in "NME". Shortly after their breakup, they appeared in the 1984 Rob Cohen British-American comedy film "Scandalous", performing "Where's My Snake?" and "What's the Time (Hey Buddy)".


title: Bow Wow Wow

text: The remaining members formed a new group, Chiefs of Relief, with guitarist Ashman as its lead singer. Their sole album was a 1988 self-titled release, issued in the US on Sire Records. Ashman later played with other bands, such as Max and Rams. He was a member of Agent Provocateur when he died (in 1995, at age 35) from diabetes complications. They released the album "Where the Wild Things Are" in 1997, posthumously featuring Ashman on guitar, bass guitar and Vox organ.


title: Bow Wow Wow

text: Barbarossa/Barbe went on to work with other artists, including Beats International, Republica, Chicane, Adamski and Roland Gift of Fine Young Cannibals. He performed live with Adam Ant in 1995, and both he and Gorman toured with Ant in 2015 for a series of concerts recreating the album "Dirk Wears White Sox". He wrote two novels, "Mud Sharks" and "We Were Looking Up".


title: Bow Wow Wow

text: Gorman went into production after the demise of Chiefs of Relief. In 1989, Silver Bullet's "Twenty Seconds To Comply", which Gorman produced, reached No. 11 on the UK Singles Chart. The Soho single "Hippychick" went top 10 and topped the dance charts on both sides of the Atlantic. Gorman earned a gold record for his work on the track. He subsequently joined Soho for a US tour and appeared on "The Arsenio Hall Show".


title: Bow Wow Wow

text: Gorman worked with McLaren again, co-writing and producing the 1994 album "Paris". The jazz-influenced album sold well throughout Europe, resulting in an album of Gorman's ambient dance mixes. The duo proceeded to collaborate on several high-profile TV commercials and two film scores. Gorman, himself, wrote and produced music for television spots for clients such as Coca-Cola, MCI, Nike, Inc., Pepsi and Renault. In the summer of 1997, his remix of Mr. President's "I Give You My Heart" spent three weeks in the Top 10 of the UK Dance Chart. He joined the rave band Electric Skychurch in 2006.


title: Bow Wow Wow

text: Known simply as "Annabella", Lwin remained with RCA Records and her first solo release was the 1985 single "Don't Dance With Strangers", produced by the System. She followed up with the album "Fever" in 1986. The title track, a cover of the Peggy Lee classic, was recorded with and produced by multi-instrumentalist Jim Lea of Slade. Another single from the album, "War Boys", produced by John Robie, spent six weeks on the US "Billboard" Hot Dance/Disco, chart, peaking at No. 28. "Don't Dance With Strangers" and "Fever" were included on "The Best of Bow Wow Wow", released by BMI on 29 October 1996.


title: Bow Wow Wow

text: She formed a new band, Naked Experience, and collaborated with seasoned musicians and songwriters such as Billy Steinberg and Ellen Shipley. In 1994, Sony Soho Square released two singles, "Car Sex" and "Do What You Do", billed as "Annabella Lwin". "Car Sex" made the Top 10 in the UK Dance Chart, while the remixed dance follow-up "Do What You Do" (1995), produced by Steve Lironi, spent one week at No. 61 in the UK Singles Chart. In 1999, Cleopatra Records released "Virgin Voices: A Tribute To Madonna, Volume One". It contained a cover of "Like a Virgin" credited to "Annabella Lwin of Bow Wow Wow".


title: Bow Wow Wow

text: In 1997, Lwin and Gorman reformed Bow Wow Wow, adding guitarist Dave Calhoun and drummer Eshan Khadaroo. They embarked on the "Barking Mad" tour in 1997–1998, which produced a compilation CD, "Wild in the U.S.A." (Cleopatra Records), that included live material and remixes of previous Bow Wow Wow tracks.


title: Bow Wow Wow

text: In 1998, they collaborated with DJ Swedish Egil on the track "Eastern Promise", released as part of Egil's "Groove Radio Presents: Alternative Mix CD" by Priority Records. They contributed the song "A Thousand Tears" to the 1999 film "Desperate But Not Serious" (retitled "Reckless + Wild" in the US), starring Christine Taylor and Claudia Schiffer, and appeared in the film.


title: Bow Wow Wow

text: Bow Wow Wow performed at the KROQ Inland Invasion festival in September 2003, with a lineup including Los Angeles guitarist Phil Gough (of Novacaine) and drummer Adrian Young (of No Doubt). In September 2005, Philadelphia native Devin Beaman was brought in as the new drummer.


title: Bow Wow Wow

text: Bow Wow Wow songs "Aphrodisiac", "I Want Candy" and "Fools Rush In" (the latter two remixed by Kevin Shields of My Bloody Valentine) were included on the soundtrack of the 2006 Sofia Coppola film "Marie Antoinette". The band performed on 2 November 2006 at the Maritime Hotel's Hiro Lounge in New York City to promote the film.


title: Bow Wow Wow

text: In 2006, Bow Wow Wow recorded a cover of the Smiths' song "I Started Something I Couldn't Finish", which appeared on three 2007 releases: a new three-track "I Want Candy" EP (Cleopatra), compilation album "Stop Me If You Think You've Heard This One Before: A Tribute to the Smiths" (Cleopatra) and the soundtrack to the film "" (Lakeshore Records).


title: Bow Wow Wow

text: On the 15th anniversary of Ashman's death, the band, featuring original drummer Barbarossa, performed at a tribute concert for Ashman on 21 November 2010 at the Scala in London. The show was headlined by Adam Ant and also featured members of Ashman's other bands Chiefs of Relief and Agent Provocateur.


title: Bow Wow Wow

text: With a new guitarist (Jimmy Magoon) and drummer (Dylan Thomas), Bow Wow Wow played shows in California and toured the UK in 2011–2012.


title: Bow Wow Wow

text: In December 2012, Gorman began performing under the name "Bow Wow Wow" without original lead singer Lwin's consent, and launched a new Bow Wow Wow Facebook page. This version of the band included new singer Chloe Demetria of the band Vigilant as well as guitarist Matthew Fuller and drummers Lyle Riddle and Sean Winchester. In 2014, actor/musician Zachary Throne (Sin City Sinners) took over on guitar, and Les Warner replaced Winchester. In a 2016 "Washington Times" interview, Gorman indicated that he was interested in creating new Bow Wow Wow music with this lineup.


title: Bow Wow Wow

text: Lwin has continued to perform billed as "Annabella Lwin of the original Bow Wow Wow". Her official website states, "Any shows advertised as Bow Wow Wow WITHOUT Annabella, featuring a hired singer from another band, are done without knowledge, permission or consent. Before you buy a ticket, make sure it is the ORIGINAL voice of Bow Wow Wow!"


title: Bow Wow Wow

text: Gorman assembled a new line up for Bow Wow Wow as of Jan 2020 with “Dinzy” Kristen Dinsmore as lead vocalist for the Totally 80's U.S. winter tour with The Motels and When in Rome II.


title: Bow Wow Wow

text: The group's sound was a mix of her "girlish squeal", chants, surf instrumentals, pop melodies, funk bass and Barbarossa's Burundi ritual music-influenced tom-tom drum beats. They have since been described as new wave, pop and worldbeat.


title: Bow Wow Wow

text: The degree to which Bow Wow Wow were influenced by—rather than plagiarised—the music of native African nations and tribes such as the Royal Drummers of Burundi and the Zulus has been a matter of debate. It is thought that when McLaren started to advise Adam and the Ants on the direction they should take after "Dirk Wears White Sox", he gave the band (the instrumentalists who would eventually become Bow Wow Wow) a variety of recordings of world music from which to draw inspiration. When the Ants dropped out to form Bow Wow Wow, Adam Ant took the recordings from the band's early work in this new direction to start his new incarnation of the Ants; thus both bands made music influenced by the recordings offered by McLaren. Among the recordings was one titled "Burundi Black". The story of "Burundi Black" and the origin of the "Burundi Beat" and the associated controversy was detailed in an excerpt from a 1981 "New York Times" article by Robert Palmer:


title: Bow Wow Wow

text: It was also charged that Bow Wow Wow plagiarised melodies from Zulu jive songs and Zulu pop songs and turned the original Zulu lyrics into English mondegreens, as with the origin of the lines "See Jungle! See Jungle! Go Join Your Gang, Yeah! City All over Go Ape Crazy!", "Golly! Golly! Go Buddy!" and "Hey i-yai-yo". In answer to this issue, the 1981 "Times" article offered the following statement in Bow Wow Wow's defence:


title: Bow Wow Wow

text: The Red Hot Chili Peppers name-checked the band on their 1992 single "Suck My Kiss", which included the lyric "Swimming in the sound of Bow Wow Wow", and Peppers guitarist John Frusciante has listed Ashman as an influence.


title: Bow Wow Wow

text: No Doubt's Adrian Young said of the opportunity to play drums for Bow Wow Wow from 2003 to 2005, "It is a dream come true to play with a band I grew up idolising. I feel like a kid back in the sand box".


title: Bow Wow Wow

text: Film director Sofia Coppola drew inspiration from Lwin when conceiving the style for her film, "Marie Antoinette". Said Bow Wow Wow's tour manager in 2006, "They actually based Marie Antoinette, from a styling point of view, on Annabella Lwin. They drew parallels from the fact that they were both young girls who found fame and fortune at a ridiculously early age."


title: Bow Wow Wow

text: On 25 May 2018, Cherry Red Records released the three-disc set "Your Box Set Pet (The Complete Recordings 1980–1984)".


title: Anglo-Saxon runes

text: Anglo-Saxon runes ( ᚱᚢᚾᚪ) are runes used by the early Anglo-Saxons as an alphabet in their writing system. The characters are known collectively as the futhorc (ᚠᚢᚦᚩᚱᚳ "fuþorc") from the Old English sound values of the first six runes. The futhorc was a development from the 24-character Elder Futhark. Since the futhorc runes are thought to have first been used in Frisia before the Anglo-Saxon settlement of Britain, they have also been called Anglo-Frisian runes. They were likely to have been used from the 5th century onward, recording Old English and Old Frisian.


title: Anglo-Saxon runes

text: They were gradually supplanted in Anglo-Saxon England by the Old English Latin alphabet introduced by Irish missionaries. Futhorc runes were no longer in common use by the eleventh century, but The Byrhtferth's Manuscript (MS Oxford St John's College 17) indicates that fairly accurate understanding of them persisted into at least the twelfth century.


title: Anglo-Saxon runes

text: There are competing theories about the origins of the Anglo-Saxon futhorc. One theory proposes that it was developed in Frisia and from there later spread to Britain. Another holds that runes were first introduced to Britain from the mainland where they were then modified and exported to Frisia. Both theories have their inherent weaknesses, and a definitive answer may come from further archaeological evidence.


title: Anglo-Saxon runes

text: The early futhorc was nearly identical to the Elder Futhark, except for the split of "a" into three variants "āc", "æsc" and "ōs", resulting in 26 runes. This was done to account for the new phoneme produced by the Ingvaeonic split of allophones of long and short "a". The earliest known instance of the "ōs" rune may be from the 5th-century, on the Undley bracteate. The earliest known instances of the "āc" rune may be from the 6th century, appearing on objects such as the Schweindorf solidus. The double-barred "hægl" characteristic of continental inscriptions is first attested as late as 698, on St Cuthbert's coffin; before that, the single-barred variant was used.


title: Anglo-Saxon runes

text: In England, outside of the Brittonic Westcountry where evidence of Latin and even Ogham continued for several centuries, usage of the futhorc expanded. Runic writing in England became closely associated with the Latin scriptoria from the time of Anglo-Saxon Christianization in the 7th century. The futhorc started to be replaced by the Latin alphabet from around the 7th century, but it was still sometimes used up until the 10th or 11th century. In some cases, texts would be written in the Latin alphabet, and þorn and ƿynn came to be used as extensions of the Latin alphabet. By the time of the Norman Conquest of 1066, it was very rare and disappeared altogether a few centuries thereafter. From at least five centuries of use, fewer than 200 artefacts bearing futhorc inscriptions have survived.


title: Anglo-Saxon runes

text: Several famous English examples mix runes and Roman script, or Old English and Latin, on the same object, including the Franks Casket and St Cuthbert's coffin; in the latter, three of the names of the Four Evangelists are given in Latin written in runes, but "LUKAS" (Saint Luke) is in Roman script. The coffin is also an example of an object created at the heart of the Anglo-Saxon church that uses runes. A leading expert, Raymond Ian Page, rejects the assumption often made in non-scholarly literature that runes were especially associated in post-conversion Anglo-Saxon England with Anglo-Saxon paganism or magic.


title: Anglo-Saxon runes

text: The letter sequence and letter inventory of futhorc, along with the actual sounds made by those letters could vary depending on location and time. That being so, an authentic and unified list of runes is not possible.


title: Anglo-Saxon runes

text: The sequence of the runes above is based on Codex Vindobonensis 795. The first 24 of these runes directly continue the elder futhark letters, and do not deviate in sequence (though ᛞᛟ rather than ᛟᛞ is an attested sequence in both elder futhark and futhorc). The manuscripts Codex Sangallensis 878 and Cotton MS Domitian A IX have ᚣ precede ᛠ.


title: Anglo-Saxon runes

text: The names of the runes above are based on Codex Vindobonensis 795, besides the names "ing" and "æsc" which come from The Byrhtferth's Manuscript and replace the seemingly corrupted names "lug" and "æs" found in Codex Vindobonensis 795. "Ti" is sometimes named "tir" or "tyr" in other manuscripts. The words in parentheses in the name column are standardized spellings.


title: Anglo-Saxon runes

text: The runes above were not included in Codex Vindobonensis 795. Calc appears in manuscripts, and epigraphically on the Ruthwell Cross, the Bramham Moor Ring, the Kingmoor Ring, and elsewhere. Gar appears in manuscripts, and epigraphically on the Ruthwell Cross and probably on the Bewcastle Cross. The unnamed ᛤ rune only appears on the Ruthwell Cross, where it seems to take calc's place as /k/ where that consonant is followed by a secondary fronted vowel. Cweorð and stan only appear in manuscripts. The unnamed ę rune only appears on the Baconsthorpe Grip. The unnamed į rune only appears on the Sedgeford Handle. While the rune poem and Cotton Domitian A.IX present ᛡ as "ior", and ᛄ as "ger", epigraphically both are variants of ger (although ᛄ is only attested once outside of manuscripts, on the Brandon Pin). R. I. Page designated ior a pseudo-rune.


title: Anglo-Saxon runes

text: There is little doubt that calc and gar are modified forms of cen and gyfu, and that they were invented to address the ambiguity which arose from /k/ and /g/ spawning palatalized offshoots. R. I. Page designated cweorð and stan pseudo-runes, noting their apparent pointlessness, and speculating that cweorð was invented merely to give futhorc an equivalent to Q. The ę rune is likely a local innovation, possibly representing an unstressed vowel, and may derive its shape from ᛠ. The unnamed į rune is found in a personal name (bįrnferþ), where it stands for a vowel or diphthong. Anglo-Saxon expert Gaby Waxenberger speculates that į may not be a true rune, but rather a bindrune of ᛁ and ᚩ, or the result of a mistake.


title: Anglo-Saxon runes

text: Various runic combinations are found in the futhorc corpus. For example, the sequence ᚫᚪ appears on the Mortain Casket where ᛠ could theoretically have been used.


title: Anglo-Saxon runes

text: A rune in Old English could be called a "rūnstæf" (perhaps meaning something along the lines of "mystery letter" or "whisper letter"), or simply "rūn".


title: Anglo-Saxon runes

text: Futhorc inscriptions hold diverse styles and contents. Ochre has been detected on at least one English runestone, implying its runes were once painted. Bind runes are not uncommon in futhorc (relative to its small corpus), and were seemingly used most often to ensure the runes would fit in a limited space. Futhorc logography is attested to in a few manuscripts. This was done by having a rune stand for its name, or a similar sounding word. In the sole extant manuscript of the poem "Beowulf", the ēðel rune was used as a logogram for the word ēðel (meaning "homeland", or "estate"). Both the Hackness Stone and Codex Vindobonensis 795 attest to futhorc Cipher runes. In one manuscript (Corpus Christi College, MS 041) a writer seems to have used futhorc runes like Roman numerals, writing ᛉᛁᛁ⁊ᛉᛉᛉᛋᚹᛁᚦᚩᚱ, which likely means "12&30 more".


title: Anglo-Saxon runes

text: There is some evidence of futhorc rune magic. The possibly magical alu sequence seems to appear on an urn found at Spong Hill in "spiegelrunes" (runes whose shapes are mirrored). In a tale from Bede's "Ecclesiastical History" (written in Latin), a man named Imma cannot be bound by his captors and is asked if he is using "litteras solutorias" (loosening letters) to break his binds. In one Old English translation of the passage, Imma is asked if he is using "drycraft" (magic, druidcraft) or "runestaves" to break his binds. Furthermore, futhorc rings have been found with what appear to be enchanted inscriptions for the stanching of blood.


title: Anglo-Saxon runes

text: The Old English and Old Frisian Runic Inscriptions database project at the Catholic University of Eichstätt-Ingolstadt, Germany aims at collecting the genuine corpus of Old English inscriptions containing more than two runes in its paper edition, while the electronic edition aims at including both genuine and doubtful inscriptions down to single-rune inscriptions.


title: Anglo-Saxon runes

text: The corpus of the paper edition encompasses about one hundred objects (including stone slabs, stone crosses, bones, rings, brooches, weapons, urns, a writing tablet, tweezers, a sun-dial, comb, bracteates, caskets, a font, dishes, and graffiti).


title: Anglo-Saxon runes

text: The database includes, in addition, 16 inscriptions containing a single rune, several runic coins, and 8 cases of dubious runic characters (runelike signs, possible Latin characters, weathered characters). Comprising fewer than 200 inscriptions, the corpus is slightly larger than that of Continental Elder Futhark (about 80 inscriptions, c. 400–700), but slightly smaller than that of the Scandinavian Elder Futhark (about 260 inscriptions, c. 200–800).


title: Anglo-Saxon runes

text: Runic finds in England cluster along the east coast with a few finds scattered further inland in Southern England. Frisian finds cluster in West Frisia. Looijenga (1997) lists 23 English (including two 7th-century Christian inscriptions) and 21 Frisian inscriptions predating the 9th century.


title: Ted Mosby

text: Theodore Evelyn Mosby is a fictional character and the protagonist in the American sitcom "How I Met Your Mother", portrayed by Josh Radnor. He serves as the show's narrator from the future, voiced by Bob Saget, as he tells his children the "long version" of how he met their mother.


title: Ted Mosby

text: Ted is the central character of the show. Born April 25, 1978, he is from Shaker Heights, Ohio (like show creator Carter Bays), a graduate of Wesleyan University (like Bays and show co-creator Craig Thomas), an Eagle Scout, and an architect. Ted continues his profession as an architect in New York City, possibly at Columbia University. After his best friend, Marshall Eriksen (Jason Segel), gets engaged in the pilot episode, Ted decides to try to find his soulmate. This quest informs the general direction of the show, along with Ted's relationship with Marshall, Marshall's wife Lily Aldrin (Alyson Hannigan), Ted's on/off girlfriend Robin Scherbatsky (Cobie Smulders), and his other best friend Barney Stinson (Neil Patrick Harris).


title: Ted Mosby

text: Ted is prone to questionable (and sometimes desperate) romantic gestures; in the pilot episode, for example, he steals a blue French horn (nicknamed "The Smurf Penis") that was a topic of conversation in his first date with Robin, and then scares Robin off by telling her he is in love with her. In a similar vein, he dresses up as a "hanging chad" every year for Halloween, in the hopes of meeting "The Slutty Pumpkin”, a woman dressed as a jack-o'-lantern (complete with strategically placed holes) whom he once met at a Halloween party. (When he finally meets the woman, however, he discovers that they have no romantic chemistry whatsoever.)


title: Ted Mosby

text: Ted describes himself as "half-Jewish". He is seen cheering for the Cleveland Indians when they play the New York Yankees at a baseball game. He and Marshall were randomly assigned as freshman-year roommates at Wesleyan, and became best friends on a long, ill-fated road trip.


title: Ted Mosby

text: In several episodes, Ted claims to have been "vomit-free since '93", although it is untrue. Ted knows French and sign language, and has an annoying habit of correcting everything that people around him say. As a child, he had a detective club called "The Mosby Boys", which consisted of him and his sister, Heather. Ted also speaks and reads Spanish, albeit clumsily. Pablo Neruda is one of his favorite writers. He also has a fondness for high culture such as classical literature and philosophy, and has a tendency to become boring and pretentious when discussing it.


title: Ted Mosby

text: In the pilot episode, Ted meets Robin at MacLaren's, the bar in which the main characters hang out. They go on a date, which Ted ruins by impulsively telling her he is in love with her. They decide to be friends, but they have lingering feelings for each other. Eventually, Ted wins Robin over, and they start dating. Their relationship last for a year until they break up at the end of the second season upon realizing that they want different things. They decide to remain friends, and are roommates between the fourth and seventh seasons.


title: Ted Mosby

text: Despite their romantic history, Ted and Robin go on to become good friends with one another and are very supportive of each other. The two eventually go on to see other people and both seem fine until Robin sleeps with Barney in the third season which causes a rift within their friend group. Ted later gets over it and eventually becomes supportive of Robin’s relationship with Barney. The two often would look back on their relationship as a mistake due to Ted’s desire to get married and have a family and Robin inadvertently making Ted feel inadequate as a boyfriend.


title: Ted Mosby

text: Despite seemingly moving on, Ted never quite gets over Robin, however. He is particularly conflicted when she and Barney get engaged; he wants her to be happy, but cannot shake the feeling that he and Robin are meant to be together. Although he initially plans to win Robin back, Ted ultimately decides against it, as he sees that Barney makes her happy and instead decides to remove himself from their life together by planning to move to Chicago after they are married. On the day of Robin's wedding, she panics and tries to run off with him, but Ted knows it would not work and tells her that he no longer feels that way about her. That night, Ted meets Tracy McConnell, and they fall in love, eventually getting married. The series ends in the year 2030, with Tracy having died six years before. Ted's children encourage him to date Robin, and he brings the blue French horn he stole for her on their first date to her apartment. She smiles at him with tears in her eyes; a deleted scene with Lily and Marshall confirms they become a couple.


title: Ted Mosby

text: However, in the DVD-exclusive alternate ending of the show, it is revealed that Tracy is still alive and that she and Ted are happily married.


title: Ted Mosby

text: Ted meets the love of his life, Tracy McConnell in 2013 after Barney and Robin's wedding, being the last of the gang to meet her (Barney met her six months prior, Lily meets her on the train to the wedding, Marshall meets her on the way to the Farhampton Inn, and Robin meets her moments before she gets married.) Tracy is the focal point of Ted’s stories to his children and has actually encountered her at multiple points in his life before meeting her.


title: Ted Mosby

text: Ted ultimately meets Tracy while Ted is waiting for the train to the airport to take him to Chicago; however, he falls in love with her instantly, and changes his mind about moving. The following night, Ted calls Tracy and the two begin dating. Almost two years later, they get engaged and start to plan for a huge wedding. In 2015, they delay the wedding because she gets pregnant with their daughter, Penny; she gets pregnant again in 2017 with their son, Luke. They finally get married in 2020 and live together until Tracy dies in 2024. In the alternate ending, Tracy is still alive at the time Ted tells their children how they met.


title: Ted Mosby

text: Marshall is Ted's best friend. Their relationship is a core element within the series, with them rarely being at odds and sharing common interests in a wide variety of things, particularly the film "". They were roommates in college, and became best friends following an ill-fated road trip. By the time Ted tells his children the story, he and Marshall have been friends for 34 years.


title: Ted Mosby

text: While Ted and Marshall are best friends, Marshall also becomes good friends with Barney despite the latter's repeated claims that he is truly Ted’s best friend. The three enjoy watching Star Wars, hanging out at the bar, and talking about girls despite Marshall only ever sleeping with one woman in his life.


title: Ted Mosby

text: Ted is also very close friends with Marshall’s wife, Lily, and the three have shared a longtime bond with one another since college. Despite sometimes feeling like a third wheel, Ted is extremely supportive of Marshall’s relationship with Lily and would do anything to make sure they stay together. When Lily breaks up with Marshall at the end of the first season, Ted helps Marshall through the aftermath. All three share an apartment together from seasons one through four.


title: Ted Mosby

text: Marshall has always had faith in Ted's relationship with Robin, as well, encouraging him to go after her. He even has a running bet with Lily that Ted and Robin will end up together.


title: Ted Mosby

text: Barney is Ted’s other best friend. The two met at MacLaren's in 2001 and he told Ted he was going to "teach him how to live". Barney is Ted's self-appointed "wingman", and they spend time together meeting girls. Despite their conflicting views on life and relationships, Barney often acts as a mentor for Ted when it comes to picking up women, making important life decisions and living his live to the fullest. Barney insists that he is Ted's best friend, despite the fact that Ted repeatedly says that Marshall fills that role in his life. They have a brief falling out after Barney sleeps with Robin, but reconcile when Barney risks his life to be there for Ted after the latter gets into a car accident. Ted even tries to teach Barney how to be a good boyfriend to Robin, serves as his best man at his and Robin's wedding, and convinces Robin not to run out on him on their wedding day. Ted is also there for the birth of Barney's daughter in 2020.


title: Ted Mosby

text: Lily has been friends with Ted since they went to Wesleyan together. For several years they lived with Marshall in the same apartment. Despite sometimes being a third wheel in their relationship, Lily often relies on Ted’s insight when it comes to Marshall. She is fiercely protective of Ted, and even goes so far as to break him up with women she does not believe are right for him - including Robin.


title: Ted Mosby

text: Victoria is Ted's ex-girlfriend. They meet at a wedding and fall in love. After two months of dating, she moves to Germany and they try to have a long distance relationship. They break up after Ted kisses Robin. Six years later, they meet again, and Victoria ends up leaving a man at the altar for Ted. Ted and Victoria get back together and last for a while. Ultimately, however, they break up again after Victoria insists that Ted end his friendship with Robin. Victoria is portrayed by Ashley Williams.


title: Ted Mosby

text: Stella is Ted's ex-fiancé. They meet when Stella, a dermatologist, removes a lower back tattoo that Ted had gotten while drunk, and Ted is instantly smitten. She rejects his advances at first, but he wins her over after taking her on a two-minute date, complete with dinner, a movie and a goodnight kiss. They get engaged after Ted has a near-death experience and realizes he loves her. He proposes to her in an arcade to which she says yes, although they have a few struggles in the process. On their wedding day, however, Stella leaves Ted at the altar for her ex-boyfriend Tony, the father of her daughter.


title: Ted Mosby

text: Being left at the altar causes Ted to go into a deep depression to the point where he refused to go anywhere they’d gone together as well as the places Stella’s frequents. Despite initially wanting to confront her over leaving him for Tony, Ted ultimately decides not after seeing Stella, Tony and their daughter happy together as a family. No longer angry for what Stella did to him, Ted walks away without saying a word to her. Stella is portrayed by Sarah Chalke.


title: Ted Mosby

text: Zoey is another of Ted's ex-girlfriends. He has strong feelings for her, even though she is already married and is leading a campaign to preserve the building that Ted's company, GNB, plans to knock down to make way for the skyscraper that Ted has always wanted to design. She leaves her husband, The Captain, for him, and he briefly considers abandoning his dream of contributing a building to the New York City skyline so they can be together. In the end, however, Ted chooses the building over her, and they break up. Zoey is portrayed by Jennifer Morrison.


title: Ted Mosby

text: Luke and Penny are Ted's two children with Tracy. Penny was born in 2015, and Luke in 2017. In the year 2030, six years after Tracy's death, he tells them the story of how he met their mother. The two are frequently seen at the beginning of episodes, sometimes looking bored or disinterested in Ted's stories leading to when he met their mother and often question whether or not they are that important, to which Ted always responds they are. At the end of the season finale, they convince Ted to go after Robin. Luke is portrayed by David Henrie, and Penny by Lyndsey Fonseca.


title: Ted Mosby

text: It is theorized that the origin of both Luke's and Penny's names can be observed within the "How I Met Your Mother" series. Luke's is theorized to be inspired by the original "Star Wars" series protagonist, Luke Skywalker. The "Star Wars" trilogy is not only brought up multiple times throughout the series, but both Ted and Tracy are big fans. Ted also refers to his son as Luke, years before meeting Tracy. It is theorized that Penny's name comes from a specific episode in season 2, episode 15 titled "Lucky Penny". This episode is big on letting the audience know how the "HIMYM" recurring theme of "let the universe do its thing" really affects the characters in the show. Although things did not go the way Ted wanted them to in the episode, he ended up not having to leave New York City. Without that instance of picking up an old penny, Ted may have never met Tracy, hence its believed influence on his daughter's name.


title: Ted Mosby

text: Ted decides to meet his soulmate and settle down after Marshall and Lily get engaged. He meets and falls for Robin, but their mutual attraction is hampered by Robin's insistence that she does not want to get married or have children, so they agree to just be friends.


title: Ted Mosby

text: For a time in the first season, Ted dates a baker named Victoria, whom he meets at a friend's wedding. She accepts a culinary fellowship in Germany, prompting a long-distance relationship, which does not last, due in large part to his persistent feelings for Robin. Ted upsets Robin by implying that Victoria broke up with him when she did not; Ted and Robin make out before both women realize they've been deceived. Ted and Robin ultimately reconcile as friends, and, in "Come On", Ted makes one last attempt to win her over, hiring a string quartet with blue instruments to play in her apartment while he makes his appeal. She finally falls for him some time later when Ted apparently summons a storm with a complicated rain dance. They date throughout the second season, but break up in "Something Blue" upon realizing that they want different things from life.


title: Ted Mosby

text: At a St. Patrick's Day party he and Barney attended, his future wife was also present, although he did not meet her that night. Once he returns to the room of the party the morning after, he picks up a yellow umbrella which can be seen blowing in the wind in the season promo. Also, he becomes the second main character to actually own a car (a blue Toyota Camry Hybrid) after getting a raise at his job. By the end of the episode, Ted decides to sell the car to help Marshall with his money problems.


title: Ted Mosby

text: At the beginning of the third season, an inebriated Ted gets a tattoo on his lower back (his "tramp stamp"). He goes to see Dr. Stella Zinman in order to have it removed, and goes on a date with her in "The Platinum Rule." In "Ten Sessions," he falls for her, and after the tattoo is removed, Ted takes her on a "two-minute date" in which he fits an entire night of romance into the two minutes she can spare before work. They begin dating, and at the end of "Miracles" Ted proposes to her. She says yes at the beginning of the fourth season. In "Shelter Island", Ted invites Stella's ex-boyfriend, Tony, to his wedding; Stella and Tony rekindle their relationship, and Stella leaves a devastated Ted at the altar.


title: Ted Mosby

text: Ted's life continues its downward slide during the fourth season. After being left at the altar, Ted has trouble getting back into the dating world, and his job becomes a source of trouble as well. After being hired to design a project for Goliath National Bank, he is fired after weeks of unsuccessful work. He attempts to remedy this by starting his own firm, Mosbius Designs, but it is largely unsuccessful. In the season four finale "The Leap", Ted ultimately accepts a job as an architecture professor offered to him by Tony as a peace offering, though Tony's movie "The Wedding Bride," released in the next season, pits a caricature of Ted as its villain against a romanticized version of Tony and Stella.


title: Ted Mosby

text: He reaches a low point in his personal life in Season 7 and confides in Robin that he is beginning to believe he will never find "The One". This reaches a breaking point when he tells Robin he still loves her after she breaks up with her boyfriend Kevin (Kal Penn). However, Robin does not reciprocate his feelings and moves out. Eventually Ted gives the apartment back to Marshall and Lily and moves into the apartment Barney's girlfriend Quinn (Becki Newton) used to live in. In the episode "Trilogy Time" it is revealed that by 2015, Ted's daughter will already be born.


title: Ted Mosby

text: After a few months, Ted decides to patch things up with Robin, and she helps him realize that Victoria was the only woman who has even come close to being right for him. When Ted calls Victoria, she shows up in a wedding dress and says she is ready to run away with him. Initially, he tries to take her back to her wedding, but after realizing how much he likes her he changes his mind and they ride off into the sunset. After dating for a few months, Ted proposes, but Victoria says she will only marry Ted on the condition that he end his friendship with Robin. Ted tells Victoria that although he is no longer in love with Robin, she is like family and an irreplaceable part of his life. Victoria wishes him luck, and breaks up with him.


title: Ted Mosby

text: After Victoria, in the Season 8 episode "P.S. I Love You", Ted meets Jeanette Peterson (Abby Elliott), his final girlfriend before meeting The Mother. Ted and Jeanette meet on the subway after Ted notices they read the same book. Jeanette turns out to be obsessed with him: he finds out that she had been stalking him for a year and a half (since his appearance on "New York Magazine"), bought the same book as him 10 minutes after him (the book they were both reading on the subway), and started a fire outside his lecture hall to meet him. While his friends are horrified, Ted finds this romantic and ignores the warning signs. In "Weekend at Barney's", Jeanette breaks up with Ted; she takes virtually everything he says and does as proof that he is cheating on her. Barney tries to set up Ted with other women to get his mind off Jeanette, although Jeanette finds him at the bar and they get back together. However, this does not last long: Jeanette finds Barney’s playbook in Ted’s apartment and destroys the place, locking Ted out and throwing his things out the window to the street below. At this moment, Ted decides he is done with the single life and ready to settle down.


title: Ted Mosby

text: Although happy for them, Ted is upset when Robin and Barney get engaged. In "The Time Travelers", future Ted fantasizes about seeking out The Mother weeks before they actually meet, so that he can tell her how desperate he is to meet her. He is supportive of his friends' engagement, but ultimately realizes his lingering feelings for Robin would make it difficult to be around them once they are married, and so plans to move to Chicago the day after the wedding.


title: Ted Mosby

text: The series' final season revolves around the weekend of Barney and Robin's wedding, during which Ted wrestles with his feelings for Robin. He goes to extreme lengths to find a locket that Robin had buried in Central Park years before, which she wants as a "sign from the universe" that she should marry Barney. Moments before the wedding, Robin has cold feet and tells Ted that she should be marrying him instead of Barney. Ted swallows his true feelings and says that he no longer loves her in that way. He then stands by as Robin marries Barney, and bids an affectionate goodbye to his friends. The season also contains a number of flashforward scenes depicting Ted's life with the Mother, including their first date, the day he proposed and the birth of their second child.


title: Ted Mosby

text: In the final episode of the series, "Last Forever", it is revealed that Ted finally meets his wife, whose name is shown to be Tracy McConnell, at a train station as he is about to leave for Chicago. They hit it off immediately, and date for a year before getting engaged. They do not actually marry for another five years, during which time they have two children, Penny and Luke. Tracy dies in 2024.


title: Ted Mosby

text: Upon the conclusion of his story, his children tell him that it barely contained any mention of their mother and was more focused on Robin, who divorced Barney after a brief marriage. While Ted denies it, the children say that he is clearly seeking their approval to date Robin, which they grant. In the final scene of the series, Ted stands outside Robin's window, holding the blue French horn from their first date.


title: Ted Mosby

text: Future Ted, voiced by Bob Saget, narrates every episode to his children in 2030, framed as the story of how he met their mother. The Mother was finally revealed in the season 8 finale "Something New," played by Cristin Milioti.


title: Ted Mosby

text: In the third season premiere, "Wait for It", Ted's children already know the "short version" of the story of how he met their mother, and that it was an incident involving her yellow umbrella. Some clues given are that Ted's future wife is a college student studying economics, as she was in the classroom on Ted's first day as a professor, where he initially went to the wrong room and started teaching Architecture 101 to what, actually, was Economics 305. It was also mentioned that she was at the same nightclub as Ted and Barney on St. Patrick's Day, 2008. In the first season episode "Belly Full of Turkey", Future Ted jokes to his kids that a stripper he meets named Tracy is The Mother (The Mother's first name also turned out to be Tracy in the finale). Future Ted told his kids that he met their mother "on the day of the wedding" which is later revealed to be the day of Barney and Robin's wedding, in which Ted is the best man. In the season premiere of the eighth season, Ted is reading a book while waiting at the "Farhampton" train station after Barney and Robin's wedding when "The Mother" (indicated by future Ted's voiceover and the appearance of the signature yellow umbrella) is shown arriving at the same station via taxicab, though whether or not they meet at that time is unconfirmed as the episode fades to credits with the two unaware of each other. In the Season 8 episode entitled "Band or DJ?" Future Ted reveals in a flashback that "The Mother" played bass guitar in the band that performed at Barney and Robin's wedding. Although the flashback shows that Ted does see The Mother at the wedding, it is implied that they do not actually formally meet there. Ted and his wife are shown in a flashforward standing outside a movie theater advertising "The Wedding Bride III" during the episode "No Pressure", although the wife's face is not shown nor is her identity revealed.


title: Ted Mosby

text: Throughout the series, Future Ted always uses past tense when referring to The Mother. Among other clues, this led many viewers to suspect that The Mother had died by 2030, which was confirmed in the broadcast finale.


title: Walter Ulbricht

text: Walter Ernst Paul Ulbricht (; 30 June 18931 August 1973) was a German communist politician. Ulbricht played a leading role in the creation of the Weimar-era Communist Party of Germany (KPD) and later (after spending the years of Nazi rule in exile in France and the Soviet Union) in the early development and establishment of the German Democratic Republic. As the First Secretary of the Socialist Unity Party from 1950 to 1971, he was the chief decision-maker in East Germany. From President Wilhelm Pieck's death in 1960 on, he was also the East German head of state until his own death in 1973. As the leader of a significant Communist satellite, Ulbricht had a degree of bargaining power with the Kremlin that he used effectively. For example, he demanded the building of the Berlin Wall in 1961 when the Kremlin was reluctant.


title: Walter Ulbricht

text: Ulbricht began his political life during the German Empire, when he joined first the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD) in 1912, the anti-World War I Independent Social Democratic Party of Germany (USPD) in 1917 and deserted the Imperial German Army in 1918. He joined the Communist Party of Germany in 1920 and became a leading party functionary, serving in its Central Committee from 1923 onward. After the Nazi takeover of Germany in 1933 and the 1934 exposure of his role in ordering the 1931 murder of Paul Anlauf and Franz Lenck, Ulbricht lived in Paris and Prague from 1933 to 1937 and in the Soviet Union from 1937 to 1945.


title: Walter Ulbricht

text: After the end of World War II, Ulbricht re-organized the German Communist Party in the Soviet occupation zone along Stalinist lines. He played a key role in the forcible merger of the KPD and SPD into the Socialist Unity Party of Germany (SED) in 1946. He became the First Secretary of the SED and effective leader of the recently established East Germany in 1950. The Soviet Army occupation force violently suppressed the uprising of 1953 in East Germany on 17 June 1953, while Ulbricht hid in the Soviet Army headquarters in Berlin-Karlshorst. East Germany joined the Soviet-controlled Warsaw Pact upon its founding in 1955. Ulbricht presided over the total suppression of civil and political rights in the East German state, which functioned as a communist-ruled dictatorship from its founding in 1949 onward.


title: Walter Ulbricht

text: The nationalization of East German industry under Ulbricht failed to raise the standard of living to a level comparable to that of West Germany. The result was massive emigration, with hundreds of thousands of people fleeing the country to the west every year in the 1950s. When Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev gave permission for a wall to stop the outflow in Berlin, Ulbricht had the Berlin Wall built in 1961, which triggered a diplomatic crisis but succeeded in curtailing emigration. The failures of Ulbricht's New Economic System and Economic System of Socialism from 1963 to 1970 led to his forcible retirement for "health reasons" and replacement as First Secretary in 1971 by Erich Honecker with Soviet approval. Ulbricht suffered a stroke and died in 1973.


title: Walter Ulbricht

text: Ulbricht was born in 1893 in Leipzig, Saxony, to Pauline Ida (née Rothe) and Ernst August Ulbricht, an impoverished tailor. He spent eight years in primary school ("Volksschule") and this constituted all of his formal education since he left school to train as a joiner. Both his parents worked actively for the Social Democratic Party (SPD), which Walter joined in 1912. The young Ulbricht first learned about radical socialism at home then in Leipzig's Naundörfchen workers' district.


title: Walter Ulbricht

text: Ulbricht served in the Imperial German Army during World War I from 1915 to 1917 in Galicia, on the Eastern Front, and in the Balkans. He deserted the Army in 1918, as he had opposed the war from the beginning. Imprisoned in Charleroi, in 1918 he was released as part of the collapse of Imperial Germany.


title: Walter Ulbricht

text: In 1917 he became a member of the Independent Social Democratic Party (USPD) after it split off from the Social Democratic Party over support of Germany's participation in World War I.


title: Walter Ulbricht

text: During the German Revolution of 1918, Ulbricht became a member of the soldier's soviet of his army corps. In 1919, he joined the "Spartakusbund" and became one of the founding members of the KPD.


title: Walter Ulbricht

text: Along with the bulk of the USPD, he joined the KPD in 1920 and became one of its active organizers. He rose fast in the ranks of the KPD, becoming a member of the Central Committee in 1923. Ulbricht was an adherent of the Lenin model, which favored a highly centralized party. Ulbricht attended the International Lenin School of the Comintern in Moscow in 1924/1925. He came home in 1926 and went on to assist the newly appointed party chief Ernst Thälmann. The electors subsequently voted him into the regional parliament of Saxony ("Sächsischer Landtag") in 1926. He became a Member of the "Reichstag" for South Westphalia from 1928 to 1933 and served as KPD chairman in Berlin and Brandenburg from 1929.


title: Walter Ulbricht

text: In the years before the 1933 Nazi election to power, paramilitary wings of Marxist and extreme nationalist parties provoked massive riots connected with demonstrations. Besides the Berlin Police, the KPD's arch-enemies were street-fighters like the Nazi Party's SA, the Monarchist German National People's Party's Stahlhelm, and Stormtroopers affiliated with "radical nationalist parties". The Social Democratic Party of Germany and its paramilitary Reichsbanner forces, which dominated local and national politics from 1918 to 1931 and which the KPD accused of "Social fascism", was their most detested foe. Ulbricht quickly became a KPD functionary and this was attributed to the Bolshevization of the party.


title: Walter Ulbricht

text: At an event arranged by the Nazi Party in January 1931, Ulbricht was allowed by Joseph Goebbels, the Nazi Party's Gauleiter of Berlin and Brandenburg, to give a speech. Subsequently, Goebbels delivered his own speech. The attempt at a friendly discussion turned hostile and became a debate. A struggle between Nazis and Communists began: police officers divided them. Both sides had tried to use this event for their election propaganda. The brawl took two hours to disperse and over a hundred were injured in the melee.


title: Walter Ulbricht

text: During the last days of the Weimar Republic, the KPD had a policy of assassinating two Berlin police officers in retaliation for every KPD member killed by the police.


title: Walter Ulbricht

text: On 2 August 1931, KPD Members of the Reichstag Heinz Neumann and Hans Kippenberger received a dressing down from Ulbricht, who was the Party's leader in the Berlin-Brandenburg region. Enraged by police interference and by Neumann and Kippenberger's failure to follow the policy, Ulbricht snarled, "At home in Saxony we would have done something about the police a long time ago. Here in Berlin we will not fool around much longer. Soon we will hit the police in the head."


title: Walter Ulbricht

text: Enraged by Ulbricht's words, Kippenberger and Neumann decided to assassinate Paul Anlauf, the forty-two-year-old Captain of the Berlin Police's Seventh Precinct. Captain Anlauf, a widower with three daughters, had been nicknamed "Schweinebacke", or "Pig Face" by the KPD.