title: Da 5 Bloods

text: Vinh, a tour guide hired by the Bloods, leads the group out into the countryside, where a confrontation with a local merchant forces Paul to admit that he has post-traumatic stress disorder. At a hotel bar, David meets Hedy, the founder of LAMB, an organization dedicated to clearing landmines. The next day, Vinh drops off the group and tells them he will pick them up in a few days. During their first night, Paul confiscates a pistol Otis had been secretly given by Tiên and becomes suspicious of his motives. Eventually, the Bloods find the gold bars scattered across the side of a hill. They also find Norman's remains and pray over them. Eddie reveals that his excessive spending has rendered him broke but reminds the Bloods of Norman's original plan to give the gold to their black brethren in the United States.


title: Da 5 Bloods

text: On the hike out, Eddie steps on a landmine and is killed. David also steps on a mine but does not trigger it, just as Hedy and two other volunteers from LAMB, Simon and Seppo, show up. Paul and the others manage to pull David off the mine safely. Paul then holds the three outsiders hostage with Otis's gun, paranoid that they will report them to the authorities. During the night Seppo escapes while David and the others forcibly disarm Paul.


title: Da 5 Bloods

text: When the Bloods regroup with Vinh, a group of gunmen shows up demanding the gold in exchange for Seppo, whom they have captured. In the ensuing shootout, David is shot in the leg, and Seppo is killed by a landmine. All of the gunmen are killed except for one, who flees. Assuming that Desroche has crossed them, Vinh suggests retreating to a nearby abandoned temple to defend themselves from reinforcements. Unwilling to trust Vinh, Paul takes his share of the gold and heads out into the jungle alone. The remaining Bloods offer Vinh, Hedy, and Simon a share of the remaining gold for their trouble.


title: Da 5 Bloods

text: As he rages to himself, Paul has a vision of Norman who reminds Paul that he was the one who had accidentally killed Norman during a firefight and that he should let go of his guilt. He is subsequently located and killed by Desroche's men. Desroche, now wearing Paul's MAGA hat, arrives with the gunmen at the temple and is then ambushed by Otis, Melvin, and Vinh; all of his men are killed. Desroche wounds Otis and tries to finish him off with a hand grenade, but Melvin sacrifices himself by leaping on top of it. As Desroche prepares to execute Otis, David shoots and kills him with Otis's gun.


title: Da 5 Bloods

text: Vinh helps the surviving Bloods share out the gold. Melvin's widow receives his share, and Eddie's goes to a Black Lives Matter organization. Hedy and Simon donate their shares to LAMB in Seppo's name. Norman's remains are brought home to his family by the military. David reads a letter from Paul, who tells him that he will always love him. Otis visits Tiên and bonds with his daughter for the first time.


title: Da 5 Bloods

text: The film was originally a 2013 spec script by Danny Bilson and Paul De Meo titled "The Last Tour", with Mike Bundlie and Barry Levine Executive Producing and with Oliver Stone set to direct. Stone dropped out in 2016, and in 2017 producer Lloyd Levin pitched the script to Spike Lee, who performed a re-write with Kevin Willmott. The two changed the film to an African-American perspective, added the film's flashback sequences and expanded the role of the Stormin' Norman character. For his research, Lee credited Wallace Terry's 1984 book "Bloods: An Oral History of the Vietnam War by Black Veterans" as particularly helpful, and assigned it to the film's actors.


title: Da 5 Bloods

text: Samuel L. Jackson, Denzel Washington, Giancarlo Esposito, and John David Washington were initially cast in the lead roles but dropped out due to scheduling conflicts. In February 2019, it was announced that Netflix would distribute the film, with Chadwick Boseman, Delroy Lindo, and Jean Reno set to star. Jonathan Majors entered negotiations to join later that month. In March 2019, Paul Walter Hauser, Clarke Peters, Isiah Whitlock Jr., Norm Lewis, Mélanie Thierry, and Jasper Pääkkönen joined the cast of the film. Esposito was also confirmed for the cast, although he later dropped out. This was the final film release of Chadwick Boseman during his lifetime.


title: Da 5 Bloods

text: Filming began on March 23, 2019. Production lasted three months, mostly shooting in Ho Chi Minh City, Bangkok, and Chiang Mai. The ruins where an action sequence takes place, meant to represent the Mỹ Sơn temples, were a specifically constructed set built by the film crew using wood and Styrofoam in a period of two months. Unlike other films, including Netflix's "The Irishman", Lee had the main cast (most of whom were in their 60s) play the 20-year-old versions of themselves in flashback sequences without the use of de-aging technology or make-up, bar for the final shot of their younger versions. Lee considered it an effective way to visually show that the aged characters remain trapped in the wartime memories, stating, "These guys are going back in time, but this is how they see themselves."


title: Da 5 Bloods

text: "Da 5 Bloods" uses four aspect ratios as framing devices which distinguish between the film's different time periods and locations. The 1960s flashback sequences were shot in 1.33:1 format on 16 mm film, mimicking newsreel footage of the time. Cinematographer Newton Thomas Sigel, who proposed the idea, stated, "Vietnam was the first war that was really televised, and it was predominantly shot with 16-mm. [...] It’s how the American public perceived the war." Netflix executives initially were resistant to the proposal given the challenges it presented, but Lee was adamant and was eventually allowed to proceed. With the exception of a brief scene filmed using a Super 8 camera in 2.39:1 ratio, the modern scenes were shot digitally. The present-day city scenes were framed in widescreen 2.39:1 ratio, evoking the aesthetics of David Lean's epics such as "Lawrence of Arabia". The present-day jungle scenes were captured in 1.85:1 ratio, as Lee and Sigel sought to envelop the group with the vastness of the jungle.


title: Da 5 Bloods

text: The musical score for "Da 5 Bloods" was written by composer Terence Blanchard. In addition to Blanchard's score, the film features several songs from the early 1970s. Most predominantly, the film contains six songs from Marvin Gaye's 1971 album "What's Going On". "That record was released when I was young, but I could feel what was going on in the country," said Blanchard. "When Spike has that music put in a film it becomes extremely powerful for so many reasons." The six main characters share the same first names as the members of The Temptations and their producer Norman Whitfield.


title: Da 5 Bloods

text: "Da 5 Bloods" was released on June 12, 2020, by Netflix. Prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, the film was originally scheduled to premiere out-of-competition at the 2020 Cannes Film Festival, then play in theaters in May or June before streaming on Netflix.


title: Da 5 Bloods

text: Upon release, it was the top-streamed film in its first weekend, before falling to sixth place in its second. At their Q2 report meeting in July 2020, Netflix reported the film had been viewed by 27 million households since its release. In November, "Variety" reported the film was the 16th-most watched straight-to-streaming title of 2020 up to that point. In March 2021, "Variety" reported the film was among Netflix's most-watched Oscar-nominated titles, and assigned it an "audience appeal score" of 81 out 100.


title: Da 5 Bloods

text: On review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, the film holds an approval rating of based on reviews, with an average rating of . The site's critical consensus reads: "Fierce energy and ambition course through "Da 5 Bloods", coming together to fuel one of Spike Lee's most urgent and impactful films." On Metacritic, the film has a weighted average score of 82 out of 100, based on 49 critics, indicating "universal acclaim".


title: Da 5 Bloods

text: Writing for the "Chicago Sun-Times", Richard Roeper gave the film four out of four, saying: "The picture, the script and director Lee all deserve nomination consideration, as does the lush and booming score by Lee's longtime collaborator Terence Blanchard... Whitlock, Lewis, Peters and Boseman deserve supporting actor conversation, while Delroy Lindo should be an instant contender for best actor". Richard Brody of "The New Yorker" wrote that the film "runs two hours and thirty-four minutes, but it's not a second too long. On the contrary, it feels compressed, bustling, and frenzied with its intellectual and dramatic energy." David Rooney of "The Hollywood Reporter" called the film "as timely as today's news", writing: "Lee deftly steers it all full circle in a series of brief wrap-up scenes that are both fancifully tidy and deadly serious, acknowledging the Black Lives Matter movement in a way that allows this sprawling, unwieldy, frequently brilliant film to close on a profoundly affecting note of hope and catharsis. Structural flaws notwithstanding, this movie is a gift right now, and there's no other director that could have made it."


title: Da 5 Bloods

text: Eric Kohn of IndieWire gave the film a grade of "B" and wrote: "A loose, caustic look at the Vietnam war through the prism of black experiences, "Da 5 Bloods" wrestles with the specter of the past through the lens of a very confusing present, and settles into a fascinated jumble as messy and complicated as the world surrounding its release." Writing for "Variety", Peter Debruge called the film "ambitious but uneven" and said that "Lee interweaves potent social critique with escapist B-movie thrills as four veterans return to 'Nam to claim the loot they were ordered to retrieve decades earlier, but stashed for themselves instead. The result is overlong and erratic, but also frequently surprising...propelled by an unforgettable turn from Delroy Lindo". Ann Hornaday of "The Washington Post" gave the film three out of four, writing that "its moments of stinging insight and soaring cinematic rhetoric once again prove why Spike Lee might be America's most indispensable filmmaker".


title: Da 5 Bloods

text: Critic Mark Kermode called the film "a mixed bag". Writing for "The Guardian", he gave the film three out of five, praising its political and comedic aspects as well as Lindo's performance, but wrote negatively of its "tonal shifts", noting that "warring elements of "Da 5 Bloods" appear bolted together". Chuck Bowen of "Slant Magazine" gave the film two-and-a-half out of four, concluding: "At its best, "Da 5 Bloods" offers a damning, impassioned, hallucinatory collage of images and ideas concerning the relationship between racism and warfare with superb performances. At its worst, it's a vibrant mess."


title: Da 5 Bloods

text: "Da 5 Bloods" appeared on 77 critics' year-end top-ten lists, including ten first-place rankings and six second-place ones.


title: Da 5 Bloods

text: In an article for "The New York Times", Pulitzer-winning novelist Viet Thanh Nguyen expressed his mixed feelings. He notes, that even with a new central perspective of Black soldiers and justified messaging, the film still reanimates tropes such as victimizing Vietnamese and being America-centric. He said, "If one can't disentangle Black subjectivity from dominant American (white) subjectivity, it’s impossible to apply a genuine anti-imperialist critique. Hence the marginalized Vietnamese continuing to serve their role as excuses for a Black drama staged against America's Black-white divide."


title: Da 5 Bloods

text: Hoai-Tran Bui echoes similar perspectives in her analysis for the blog /Film, saying Lee's work "is haunted by, even enamored with, the legacy of "Apocalypse Now"". Still, she notes "Lee does take steps to undercut past Hollywood depictions of the Vietnamese people as faceless victims", referencing the major presence of the tour guide character Vinh and the rare focus on Amerasian children.


title: Da 5 Bloods

text: For the publication AwardsWatch, Nguyen Le sees many areas of the film, "in an imperfect-but-commendable way", a departure from Hollywood's constant portrayal of Vietnam as nothing more than a war. He also wonders the possibility of Vietnamese communities no longer hyper-entrenching themselves in wartime memories and instead focusing on combating anti-Black racism from within and without. "As the end of "Da 5 Bloods" shows, there are more important issues to tend with than the past, sometimes it's because we have finished confronting it", he wrote.


title: The Politician (TV series)

text: The Politician is an American comedy-drama streaming television series created by Ryan Murphy, Brad Falchuk, and Ian Brennan and released on Netflix. The trio also serves as executive producers with Alexis Martin Woodall, Ben Platt, and Gwyneth Paltrow. The series centers on the story of Payton Hobart (Platt), a wealthy Santa Barbaran, and each season revolves around a different political race his character is involved in.


title: The Politician (TV series)

text: The first season was released on Netflix on September 27, 2019. The series stars Ben Platt, Zoey Deutch, Lucy Boynton, Bob Balaban, Laura Dreyfuss, Julia Schlaepfer, Theo Germaine, Rahne Jones and Gwyneth Paltrow. David Corenswet, Benjamin Barrett, and Jessica Lange joined the main cast in the first season, while Judith Light and Bette Midler joined the main cast in the second season. Production on the second season started in November 2019, which premiered on June 19, 2020.


title: The Politician (TV series)

text: The first season is set at the fictional Saint Sebastian High School in Santa Barbara, California. Payton Hobart, who has dreamed of being elected President of the United States since childhood, is running for student body president against the popular and athletic River Barkley. Payton, under the direction of his ambitious friends McAfee Westbrook, James Sullivan, and Alice Charles, chooses Infinity Jackson, a cancer patient and victim of Munchausen by Proxy disorder, to be his vice-president. Meanwhile, River, under the direction of his girlfriend Astrid Sloan, chooses Skye Leighton, a gender-nonconforming black classmate, to be his vice-president.


title: The Politician (TV series)

text: The second season is set in New York City and Albany, New York. Payton, now a student at New York University, is running for a seat in the New York State Senate against incumbent Majority Leader Dede Standish. Payton, under the direction of his former classmates and climate change activist Infinity Jackson, runs an ecocentric campaign. Standish, under the direction of her conniving campaign manager Hadassah Gold, runs a more conservative campaign. Meanwhile, Payton's mother, Georgina Hobart, is running to be Governor of California.


title: The Politician (TV series)

text: On February 5, 2018, it was announced that Netflix had given the production a two season order. The order came after a bidding war involving Hulu and Amazon. The series was created by Brad Falchuk, Ian Brennan and Ryan Murphy, all of whom will executive produce alongside Ben Platt. Production companies involved with the show include Fox 21 Television Studios and Ryan Murphy Productions.


title: The Politician (TV series)

text: Alongside the initial series announcement, it was confirmed that Ben Platt would star in the series and that Barbra Streisand and Gwyneth Paltrow were in talks to join as series regulars. On July 16, 2018, it was announced that Zoey Deutch, Lucy Boynton, Laura Dreyfuss and Rahne Jones had been cast in main roles. On October 11, 2018, it was reported that Dylan McDermott had joined the cast. On November 4, 2018, Streisand revealed in an interview with "The New Yorker" that she had chosen to turn down the series in order to work on her album "Walls", and that Jessica Lange had been cast in the role she had been eyed for instead. On December 3, 2018, McDermott announced in an interview with Sirius XM that January Jones had been cast to portray his wife in the series. In March 2019, it was announced Bette Midler and Judith Light would guest star in the series.


title: The Politician (TV series)

text: Principal photography for the first season took place on location in Fullerton Union High School, Orange County, California, and Los Angeles, California.


title: The Politician (TV series)

text: The review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes reported a 58% approval rating for the first season with an average rating of 6.74/10, based on 91 reviews. The website's critical consensus reads: "While "The Politician" can't uphold all of its tantalizing promises, it delivers just enough soapy satire in a sumptuous setting to keep Ryan Murphy fans invested—though its ["sic"] unlikely to win him many new votes." Metacritic, which uses a weighted average, assigned the season a score of 66 out of 100, based on 32 critics, indicating "generally favorable reviews".


title: The Politician (TV series)

text: On Rotten Tomatoes, the second season received a 40% approval rating with an average rating of 5.84/10, based on 20 reviews. The website's critical consensus reads: "Shallow and messy, but not in a fun way, "The Politician"'s second term expands its political horizons but doesn't seem to know what to do with them." Metacritic gave the second season a weighted average score of 46 out of 100 based on 8 reviews, indicating "mixed or average reviews".


title: Halt and Catch Fire (TV series)

text: Halt and Catch Fire is an American period drama television series created by Christopher Cantwell and Christopher C. Rogers. It aired on the cable network AMC in the United States from June 1, 2014, to October 14, 2017, spanning four seasons and 40 episodes. It depicts a fictionalized insider's view of the personal computer revolution of the 1980s and the early days of the World Wide Web in the early 1990s. The show's title refers to computer machine code instruction Halt and Catch Fire (HCF), the execution of which would cause the computer's central processing unit to stop working (and facetiously "catch fire").


title: Halt and Catch Fire (TV series)

text: In season one, the fictional company Cardiff Electric makes its first foray into personal computing with a project to build an IBM PC clone, led by entrepreneur Joe MacMillan (Lee Pace) with the help of computer engineer Gordon Clark (Scoot McNairy) and prodigy programmer Cameron Howe (Mackenzie Davis). Seasons two and three shift focus to a startup company, the online community Mutiny, headed by Cameron and Gordon's wife Donna (Kerry Bishé), while Joe ventures out on his own. The fourth and final season focuses on competing web search engines involving all the principal characters.


title: Halt and Catch Fire (TV series)

text: "Halt and Catch Fire" marked the first jobs that Cantwell and Rogers had in the television industry. They wrote the pilot hoping to use it to secure jobs as writers, but they instead landed a series of their own from AMC. The story was inspired by Cantwell's childhood in the Silicon Prairie of Dallas–Fort Worth, where his father worked as a software salesman, as well as the creators' subsequent research into Texas's role in personal computing innovations of the 1980s. Self-produced by the network and mostly filmed in the Atlanta, Georgia area, the series is set in the Silicon Prairie for its first two seasons and Silicon Valley for its latter two.


title: Halt and Catch Fire (TV series)

text: "Halt and Catch Fire" experienced low viewership ratings throughout its run, with only the first episode surpassing one million viewers for its initial broadcast. The series debuted to generally favorable reviews, though many reviewers initially found it derivative of other series such as "Mad Men". In each subsequent season, the series grew in acclaim, and by the time it concluded, critics considered it among the greatest shows of the 2010s. In 2021, BBC Culture ranked "Halt and Catch Fire" the 50th-greatest TV series of the 21st century, based on a poll of 206 TV experts from 43 countries.


title: Halt and Catch Fire (TV series)

text: In 1983, former IBM sales executive Joe MacMillan joins Cardiff Electric, a Dallas-based mainframe software company. There, he enlists the help of computer engineer Gordon Clark to reverse engineer an IBM PC and reconstruct the assembly language code of its BIOS. Company owner Nathan Cardiff and vice president John Bosworth confront the two when the company is sued by IBM for copyright infringement. After Joe reveals that he told IBM about the project, Cardiff Electric is forced to legitimize it and enter the personal computing business. Joe heads the project to build an IBM clone, with Gordon leading the hardware team. Needing a software engineer, Joe recruits prodigy college student Cameron Howe to write the BIOS in a "clean room". Joe's goal for the PC is to be twice the speed at half the cost of IBM's PC, but much of the company does not buy into his vision or trust him. He further alienates himself from Cardiff and Bosworth after IBM responds by aggressively undercutting Cardiff Electric, resulting in layoffs, and after he upsets a potential investor.


title: Halt and Catch Fire (TV series)

text: Despite her suspicions of Joe, Cameron begins an on-again, off-again relationship with him. Gordon's wife, Donna, an engineer at Texas Instruments (TI), is wary of her husband's involvement in the project after the failure of their PC, the Symphonic, years prior. Eventually she contributes to Cardiff Electric's project, first by giving Gordon her idea for a double-sided printed circuit board, and then by recovering lost data from Cameron's computer (a data loss event faked by Joe). Gordon brokers a deal for discounted liquid crystal displays through his father-in-law's connection with a Japanese company. After finishing the BIOS, Cameron is promoted to head of the software engineering team and designs a user-friendly operating system (OS) intended to draw in the user. Joe's ex-lover Simon, an industrial designer, designs the case for the PC, which is named the "Cardiff Giant". Initially hesitant about the project, Bosworth comes around but is denied further funding by Cardiff. With Cameron's help, Bosworth embezzles money to sustain the project but is arrested as the company office is raided by the FBI. Having smuggled out the Giant prototype, Gordon convinces the others to proceed with their plan to present at the COMDEX trade show.


title: Halt and Catch Fire (TV series)

text: At COMDEX, the team are shocked to discover the "Slingshot", a copycat of the Giant, being presented by the Clarks' neighbor (a former Cardiff Electric employee) and Donna's former manager from TI. In order to undercut the Slingshot and make the Giant commercially viable, Gordon removes Cameron's OS and the supporting hardware. When Joe supports the decision, a heartbroken Cameron leaves him. Joe and Gordon present the downgraded Giant at COMDEX and secure their first order, but it's a hollow victory for the team. After witnessing a demonstration of the Apple Macintosh at the conference, Joe becomes disillusioned with the Giant. Cameron quits Cardiff Electric and poaches most of the software engineers to form an online gaming startup company called Mutiny. After Donna leaves TI, she accepts an offer from Cameron to join Mutiny. The Cardiff Electric team celebrates the completion of the Giant, but Joe sets fire to the truck containing the first shipment and disappears, leaving Gordon to run the company.


title: Halt and Catch Fire (TV series)

text: Cardiff Electric is sold to a conglomerate in 1985, earning Gordon a six-figure settlement but Joe nothing. Eager to start anew, Joe gets engaged to his girlfriend Sara and goes to work at Westgroup Energy, an oil firm where her father, Jacob Wheeler, is CEO. Starting in data entry, Joe spots an opportunity to use their mainframe computers for time-sharing and takes over the department. Meanwhile, Donna and Cameron are chaotically running Mutiny in a rented house with their developers. Cameron hires a paroled Bosworth to be a manager, as well as one of Mutiny's subscribers, Tom, to be a game designer; she and Tom begin dating. Gordon writes a computer program, "Sonaris", intended to map Mutiny's network, but it inadvertently acts as malware. To make up for his mistake, Gordon reaches an arrangement with Joe for Mutiny to be Westgroup's first time-sharing client at a discount in exchange for Gordon configuring the mainframes. Mutiny subsequently thrives, due in part to their new "Community" chat rooms conceived by Donna. Preoccupied with work, Donna keeps an abortion secret from Gordon, and he hides his toxic encephalopathy diagnosis from her.


title: Halt and Catch Fire (TV series)

text: At Jacob's request, Joe raises Mutiny's rates, much to Cameron's chagrin, but Donna and Joe negotiate a compromise contingent on Mutiny meeting certain benchmarks. One of them is porting their software to the AT&T UNIX PC, which they unsuccessfully fake during a demo for Joe. Impressed by their ingenuity, Joe convinces Jacob to make an acquisition offer to Mutiny, but after realizing Jacob would corrupt the startup's vision, Joe convinces Cameron to reject it. He decides to quit Westgroup and after marrying Sara, plans to move them to California. Gordon admits his medical diagnosis to Donna and begins stress therapy after his condition worsens following the failure of his homebuilt computer business. Tom and Cameron write a first-person shooter game, but on the night of its planned launch, Westgroup replaces Mutiny's service on their network with a copycat, "WestNet". Joe denies involvement, but the Mutiny staff disbelieve him. Cameron and Donna sell their game to sustain the company, causing Tom to break up with Cameron and quit Mutiny. Cameron emotionally manipulates Joe in order to run the Sonaris malware on a Westgroup computer, crippling their network during Joe's presentation of WestNet at a shareholders meeting.


title: Halt and Catch Fire (TV series)

text: Sara annuls her marriage to Joe, while Jacob is scapegoated for the WestNet fiasco and fired. After Gordon admits to an affair, Donna gives him an ultimatum: he must purchase and renovate a mainframe in California for Mutiny, move their family there with the company, and take a job with them; he agrees. Having transitioned from games to an online community, Mutiny departs for California. Gordon writes Joe an antivirus program in hopes of helping Westgroup, but Joe uses it instead to pitch a venture capitalist. He invites Gordon to join the endeavor but is refused. Gordon is furious to learn later that Joe has received $10 million in funding for a new company in the San Francisco Bay Area, MacMillan Utility.


title: Halt and Catch Fire (TV series)

text: In 1986, Mutiny launches its mainframe and surpasses 100,000 users. Gordon is involved in a copyright infringement lawsuit against Joe. After noticing that Mutiny's chat feature is facilitating user-to-user transactions, Donna and Cameron are inspired to build an online trading feature and begin pitching venture capitalists. One of them, Diane Gould, helps Mutiny acquire a competitor, Swap Meet. Underappreciated Mutiny programmer Ryan Ray quits, and after being inspired by Joe's presentation of MacMillan Utility's no-cost antivirus software, Citadel, he convinces Joe to hire him.


title: Halt and Catch Fire (TV series)

text: The Swap Meet–Mutiny merger causes friction, as Cameron is resistant to making her code compatible with Swap Meet's and wants to fire their founders. Ryan is disconcerted to learn MacMillan Utility plans to charge users for Citadel. To keep it free, Joe enlists Ryan in a special project to find another revenue stream. After Ryan maps the ARPANET, they spot potential in the NSFNET, a backbone network not yet approved for commercial use. The two build their own regional network at MacMillan Utility, but after spending millions of the company's money and making a handshake deal with the NSFNET in defiance of the company's board of directors, Joe is stripped of his executive powers. As a result, he declares in a deposition that he stole Citadel from Gordon.


title: Halt and Catch Fire (TV series)

text: Cameron's and Donna's relationship deteriorates; Cameron unilaterally fires the Swap Meet founders, and the women clash on how to implement credit card transactions and whether to undertake an initial public offering (IPO) after they receive a $20 million acquisition offer. Cameron, who wants to delay for 1–2 years to continue developing Mutiny, is outvoted by Donna, Diane, Bosworth, and Gordon on the IPO; feeling betrayed, she leaves the company, and decides to move to Japan with her newly-wed husband Tom. The Mutiny IPO dramatically underperforms expectations. Gordon and Joe preserve the NSFNET deal with Gordon heading MacMillan Utility. After Ryan illegally releases Citadel's source code and becomes a fugitive from the FBI, Joe steps away from the project to keep it alive. Months later, Ryan shows up at Joe's apartment and is dismayed to learn his legal options. The next morning, Joe discovers that Ryan has killed himself; his suicide note warns how people will use the connectedness of computer networks to hurt each other.


title: Halt and Catch Fire (TV series)

text: By 1990, Mutiny has folded. The Clarks are amicably divorced. Donna is a partner at Diane's VC firm, while Gordon is running the regional network. Joe is working in his apartment. Bosworth is retired and living with Diane. Cameron is a successful video game developer for Atari. While promoting her game "Space Bike IV" at COMDEX, she reconnects with Joe and sleeps with him. They, along with Donna, Gordon, and Tom, meet at the former Mutiny office to discuss Donna's memo about the fledgling World Wide Web. Joe proposes building a web browser, and everyone but Tom is receptive; he and Joe have a physical altercation, halting the meetings. Cameron tells Donna she cannot work with her; Donna grudgingly leaves as Gordon, Joe, and Cameron prepare to start their new venture.


title: Halt and Catch Fire (TV series)

text: Over three years, Gordon and Joe run the internet service provider (ISP) CalNect, and Joe logs website URLs. Working from Japan, Cameron fails to complete a web browser for them before they are beaten to market by Mosaic. When CalNect's backbone provider MCI declines to offer them more bandwidth, Gordon and Joe realize MCI is forming its own ISP and sell CalNect. Cameron's cerebral role-playing game, "Pilgrim", performs poorly in focus groups and is put on hold by Atari after a negative review. While visiting California, she tells Joe that Tom is divorcing her; she and Joe rekindle a romance. At the VC firm AGGEK, Donna sets up an incubator for a medical database indexing company called Rover to pivot them into web indexing. In debt, Bosworth unretires to oversee the project.


title: Halt and Catch Fire (TV series)

text: After Gordon's teenage daughter Haley builds a website from Joe's directory of URLs, they form a new startup called Comet to develop it into a human-curated web directory. Donna is surprised to learn her daughter is working on a competing search engine. As Comet grows, Rover's algorithm proves substandard; Bosworth approaches Cameron to ask for help improving the algorithm, which she obliges. Rover's sudden success results in Series A funding but Donna is suspicious. During her ensuing argument with Bosworth about the subject, he suffers a heart attack. At the hospital, Donna realizes Cameron's involvement and tells her to stay out of her life. Cameron admits to Joe her role in helping his competition.


title: Halt and Catch Fire (TV series)

text: Facing an intellectual property ownership conflict, Donna fires Rover's head programmer but refuses to purchase the rights to Cameron's algorithm, leading to Diane removing her from the project; Cameron signs away the algorithm without compensation. A financier, Alexa, provides Cameron with funding to work independently. When Haley's school grades begin slipping, Gordon tells her she must take time off from Comet, leading to her storming out. Bosworth admits to Diane that he is in debt; the two marry. After Donna opines on the importance of retaining visitors to their sites longer, Gordon is inspired to relaunch Comet as a web portal, which Joe excitedly agrees to. Before they can begin, Gordon dies from a stroke. His friends and family gather to grieve and clean out his house; Cameron and Donna reconcile.


title: Halt and Catch Fire (TV series)

text: Months later, while preparing for the relaunch of Comet, Joe and Cameron receive a beta copy of the yet-to-be released browser Netscape Navigator. They discover a link to Yahoo! on its toolbar as the default search provider and realize that Comet is doomed. After one final night together, they break up. Joe sells Comet, and AGGEK sells Rover's algorithm. Diane retires and is succeeded at the firm by Donna, who renames it "Symphonic Ventures" and fosters a relaxed, inclusive work culture. Cameron ends her professional relationship with Alexa. Preparing to leave California, Cameron stops at Donna's house to say goodbye but stays to try to recover Haley's school project from her crashed hard drive. Donna and Cameron discuss the prospect of working together again. Later that evening, Donna hosts a gala for women in tech before visiting the former Mutiny office with Cameron. The following morning, as they leave a diner, Donna has an epiphany and tells Cameron, "I have an idea". Joe returns home to Armonk, New York, to become a humanities teacher.


title: Halt and Catch Fire (TV series)

text: "Halt and Catch Fire" was created by Christopher Cantwell and Christopher C. Rogers, who met while working at the Walt Disney Company. Cantwell's online movie company was acquired by Disney and he was moved into its marketing department, while Rogers was hired by Cantwell's team to manage Disney's editorial program for social media. After a year of working together, they learned that they had each graduated from screenwriting programs in college—Cantwell from the University of Southern California as an undergraduate student, and Rogers from the University of California, Los Angeles as a graduate student. Rogers referred to himself and Cantwell as "dream-deferred writers". In August 2010, they agreed to collaborate on screenwriting, and their first script, a pilot about the assassination of John F. Kennedy called "The Knoll", appeared on the Black List of popular unproduced screenplays. Their talent agents urged them to produce another script they could use as a staffing sample. Since the agents thought it was unlikely a network would option a script from first-time writers, their intent was to use the sample script to land them entry-level writing positions in the industry. The agents advised them to write something in which they were personally invested.


title: Halt and Catch Fire (TV series)

text: Cantwell and Rogers initially discussed telling a "men under pressure" story like "Glengarry Glen Ross", although they did not want their subjects to be doctors or police officers, believing them to be well-trod territory in television. As they continued to brainstorm for their staffing sample, Cantwell recalled his childhood. In 1982, when Cantwell was just six weeks old, his father moved their family from Elgin, Illinois, to Plano, Texas, to take a job as a systems software salesman for UCCEL Corp. As a child, Cantwell had been unaware of Texas's role in the personal computer revolution of the 1980s, but after speaking to his father and researching the era with Rogers, they learned how the Silicon Prairie of Dallas–Fort Worth (in which Plano is located) became a secondary technology hub behind California's Silicon Valley. Companies in the Silicon Prairie included Texas Instruments, Electronic Data Systems, Tandy, and RadioShack, while elsewhere in Texas, Dell (in Austin) and Compaq (in Houston) were also prominent players in the PC industry. Executive producer Jonathan Lisco said: was viewed by a lot of people at the time, per our research, as sort of a catch basin for people who had not succeeded [in Silicon Valley]. On the other hand, there was a lot of wonderful tech going on here." Cantwell said that he and Rogers were intrigued by the lesser-known players and settings of the tech industry: "We wanted to find the place you didn't know. Silicon Valley, Boston, New York, IBM, Microsoft, all those stories and companies have been exploited dramatically to great effect." In their research, Cantwell and Rogers came across stories of computer engineers at Compaq taking risks by attempting to reverse engineer the IBM PC. The duo conceived the pilot for "Halt and Catch Fire" in January 2011. The first eight pages portrayed their protagonist Joe MacMillan at IBM. In May, Cantwell left Disney, though Rogers remained until the future of their project was assured.


title: Halt and Catch Fire (TV series)

text: Cantwell and Rogers finished the draft of their pilot in the summer of 2011. Their agents liked the script, but were not optimistic about selling it. They sent it to several television networks, leading to meetings with HBO and Showtime. In late October, the writers met with AMC. By that point, Cantwell had been out of work for five months and was quickly diminishing his savings. He and Rogers were surprised to find that the AMC executives had a copy of their script at the meeting. One of the executives, Ben Davis, said: "We were really interested in trying to tap into that world—into the spirit of innovation, and the tech world specifically. I loved the idea that it took place in Dallas and that I didn't hear Steve Jobs' or Bill Gates' name. It approached it from the backdoor instead of straight ahead." After a second meeting with Cantwell and Rogers on December 5, AMC optioned the script the following day. In March 2012, Cantwell learned that AMC would not make a decision about "Halt and Catch Fire" until autumn; the news coincided with the depletion of his and his wife's savings. On October 23, Cantwell and Rogers pitched the network on how they envisioned "Halt and Catch Fire" as a potential series. The network ordered a pilot the following month. The project was Cantwell's and Rogers's first jobs in the television industry. Cantwell said, "The first writers' room we walked into was our own." The network announced a series order of 10 episodes in July 2013.


title: Halt and Catch Fire (TV series)

text: In February 2013, it was announced that Lee Pace had been cast in the lead role of Joe MacMillan, and Mackenzie Davis in a co-starring role as Cameron Howe. In March, Scoot McNairy was cast as Gordon Clark and Kerry Bishé as Gordon's wife Donna; it was a reunion for the two actors, who had played a married couple in the film "Argo" a year prior. Also in March, David Wilson Barnes was cast in the pilot as Dale Butler. Barnes was initially credited among the main cast in the pilot episode, but his character was written out after just two episodes when the story went in a different direction. He reprised the character for the series finale.


title: Halt and Catch Fire (TV series)

text: For season two, Aleksa Palladino joined the cast as a regular, while James Cromwell and Mark O'Brien joined as recurring characters. For season three, Manish Dayal was cast as Ryan Ray, an Indian-American computer programmer native to San Francisco. Cantwell and Rogers created the character to match the change in demographic after the series's setting shifted to Northern California. Matthew Lillard and Annabeth Gish were also cast in recurring roles. For season four, Kathryn Newton and Susanna Skaggs were cast to play teenaged versions of the Clarks' daughters, and Anna Chlumsky joined in a supporting role.


title: Halt and Catch Fire (TV series)

text: Prior to the fourth season, AMC addressed the gender pay gap among its four leads by giving Davis and Bishé salary raises to match what Pace and McNairy were earning. Davis and Bishé were relatively unknown when they signed their original deals at lower salaries; Davis was earning the minimum rate at the time. Their characters were given more screen time beginning with the second season, but the actresses did not feel they were being equitably compensated for their work. Before Davis and Bishé could renegotiate with AMC, the network gave them unsolicited raises.


title: Halt and Catch Fire (TV series)

text: Due to Cantwell's and Rogers's inexperience, AMC wanted experienced producers for the project and brought in Melissa Bernstein and Mark Johnson, who were producing the network's hit television drama "Breaking Bad". They guided Cantwell and Rogers through the process of creating their pilot and were, as the writers called them, their "advocates... with the network". AMC also chose to hire someone more experienced in television to be the series's showrunner. As part of a two-year deal with AMC, Jonathan Lisco was selected for the role in July 2013, having just concluded three seasons as executive producer on the television drama series "Southland". Lisco was impressed by the script for the "Halt and Catch Fire" pilot but initially was unconvinced that he was best suited for the showrunner role. He did not view himself as a technophile and wondered if there would be "enough stakes in the bits and the bytes", saying the subject matter did not "dramatically blow your hair back". The network helped change his mind by telling him the series could not be exclusively about technology, and that they believed he could help them delve deep into the characters to create stakes. Lisco felt an immediate creative connection with Cantwell and Rogers upon meeting them, and sensing they had a strong vision for the series, he signed on as showrunner. Leasing office space in Studio City, Los Angeles, Lisco helped Cantwell and Rogers through the process of assessing and hiring writers.


title: Halt and Catch Fire (TV series)

text: Lisco stepped down as showrunner after the second season to work on the TNT television series "Animal Kingdom". Joel Stillerman, AMC's president of original programming and development, called Lisco's departure "completely amicable". Cantwell and Rogers took over as showrunners prior to the third season. Rogers called Lisco the duo's mentor, saying: "He kept us creatively involved and really showed us the ropes, and we felt like it was a master class in how to run a room, both in terms of getting a great story out of people, and in terms of being a really good and decent and fair person in what can sometimes be a brutal industry."


title: Halt and Catch Fire (TV series)

text: For research, the production staff and cast consulted Robert X. Cringely's documentary "Triumph of the Nerds" and read the books "Steve Jobs" by Walter Isaacson, "The Soul of a New Machine" by Tracy Kidder, "The Nudist on the Late Shift" by Po Bronson, and "The Silicon Boys" by David A. Kaplan.


title: Halt and Catch Fire (TV series)

text: The series had at least three technical advisors. Industry veteran Carl Ledbetter, who worked at IBM, AT&T Consumer Products, and Sun Microsystems, reviewed early scripts for authenticity. He also wrote sample computer code that appeared on screen, and helped operate props on set; he controlled lights on a breadboard from underneath a table and hand fed printouts through a dot matrix printer. After the series's focus shifted to networking and proto-Internet services for the second season, the producers relied more on the expertise of Bill Louden, who founded the GEnie online service for General Electric in 1985 and designed games and computer programs for CompuServe. The producers also sought out journalists such as Paul Carroll, who covered the tech industry in the 1980s for "The Wall Street Journal".


title: Halt and Catch Fire (TV series)

text: Due to the production schedule, the actors did not have formal table reads of the scripts. Instead, they organized their own, gathering at Pace's house on weekends to prepare dinner, drink wine, and discuss the scripts and their characters. Davis said of the cast dinners, "it was really nice, because you got to hear other people's point of views about your character." For the third season, Pace, Davis, and McNairy lived together in a rented house in Atlanta, with Toby Huss joining them for the fourth season. The arrangement helped foster a camaraderie among the cast members.


title: Halt and Catch Fire (TV series)

text: Each season, the writers strove to "use up [their] story fast" rather than save the most dramatic moments for later. Rogers said that the uncertainty of the series's fate from season to season "reinforced a hold-nothing-back mindset in the storytelling". They aimed to advance the plot quickly enough that it would not be predictable. Rogers described their approach: "We want to put ourselves into corners and ask ourselves to write out of them." To avoid depicting binary relationships between the characters of either getting along or fighting, the writers took different approaches to changing the dynamics between characters, such as creating new pairings.


title: Halt and Catch Fire (TV series)

text: Cantwell and Rogers originally intended to use the pilot to land writing jobs on series they already liked. Consequently, they wrote it to emulate the "difficult men" dramas that inspired them to get into television, shows that included "The Sopranos", "The Wire", and "Breaking Bad". Joe MacMillan was written in the pilot as a traditional antihero, with the world organized around him. When the series was picked up and the staff began writing more episodes, Rogers said they found a "writers' groove" and changed their approach: "We figured out what was our voice, as opposed to the voice that felt like it was emulating the shows we liked." Rogers acknowledged that he and Cantwell were inexperienced writers but said that they were "careful enough to lay... these little grenades into each character" that they could "explode" to evolve the characters beyond their archetypes. Bishé said that when the cast signed on, they believed the series would be a "slick corporate thriller", but over time, it evolved into an ensemble-based "real human drama". Cantwell said the dynamic between Joe and Gordon in the first season was inspired by his father's experience in software sales in the 1980s; Cantwell's father pitched to clients on sales calls, while the software engineer he would bring along would explain the technical details.


title: Halt and Catch Fire (TV series)

text: In the second season, the series's narrative began to focus on the partnership of Donna and Cameron in their startup company, the online gaming service Mutiny. Rogers said the technology of the time period seemed to point to "this proto-internet connectivity" and that as actors, Bishé and Davis deserved more attention. Cantwell said that the staff did not consciously refocus the show around the female characters, but rather it naturally developed that way as they sought to create "compelling and earned stories for each of those characters based on where [they] left them in season one". Rogers said the first-season partnership between Joe and Gordon was dominated by egos, a need to prove themselves, and a lack of mutual respect. They did not want to repeat that dynamic in the Donna–Cameron partnership, and instead created a "bedrock" on which a friendship could be built. The theme of connectivity was incorporated into the season as an exploration of whether technology "brings us closer together or pushes us apart", as well as what the characters' motivations were for their involvement in the industry. The second season also isolated Joe and Gordon somewhat from the main storylines to reflect an "absence of connection". Cantwell and Rogers liked making viewers think they were "the worst writers in the world for about five minutes" by creating familiar situations, only to subvert expectations with the end result; one example they cited was Joe and Cameron's kiss in the season's penultimate episode.


title: Halt and Catch Fire (TV series)

text: Between the second and third seasons, all of the series's writers departed, as they were each busy working on their own projects, requiring Cantwell and Rogers to build a new writing staff. The creators rented a house in Joshua Tree National Park for three days in October 2015 and discussed how they wanted to plot out the season's story. They wanted to reach the advent of the World Wide Web in 1990, which they considered an exciting setting and a natural destination for the series. However, doing so would have required them to advance the plot by four years from the end of season two. They thought they still "had so much story left on the table at the end of season two" with the characters' arrival in California in 1986 that they did not want to skip over with a time jump. Ultimately, they decided that instead of choosing one of the two approaches, they would incorporate both of them; the majority of the season takes place in 1986 before making a time jump to 1990 for the final two episodes. With the new setting in Silicon Valley, Cantwell and Rogers wanted to explore if the characters who had demonstrated their potential in Texas could "really pull it off once they're in the big leagues". One of the themes on which they settled for season three was "people with the right idea at the wrong time" who failed due to market or technology forces not aligning.


title: Halt and Catch Fire (TV series)

text: Heading into the fourth season, Cantwell and Rogers knew it would be the series's final one, giving them the opportunity to write a conclusion on their own terms. In researching the tech industry following the inception of the World Wide Web in 1990, they found that there was not "a lot of major business investments and huge development in the web" for several years due to its nascency. As a result, they decided to create another time jump in the series's storytelling. The opening sequence in the season's first episode shows the passage of more than three years and was meant to depict the characters in stasis, waiting for the technology world to catch on. In the final season, Cantwell and Rogers wanted the characters to grapple with the existential question of whether their continued pursuits of the next big idea could ever make them feel whole and whether they could break free from the constant cycle of reinvention. The creators decided to kill off a major character during the season but did not plan ahead of time in which episode it would occur. Eventually, they plotted it in the seventh episode, allowing them to dedicate the eighth episode to the characters' grief, before incorporating it into the two-part finale, in which they wrapped up the series's remaining plot threads.


title: Halt and Catch Fire (TV series)

text: "Halt and Catch Fire" was produced in-house by AMC Studios. Although the series was set in Dallas and Silicon Valley, it was primarily filmed in and around Atlanta, Georgia, where the studio has infrastructure and crew due to state tax incentives that are favorable to filming. The writing staff, however, was based in Los Angeles. Many crew members who worked on another Atlanta-based AMC series, "The Walking Dead", were borrowed during its offseason to work on "Halt and Catch Fire". The series was shot using Arri Alexa cameras, with dailies being delivered by FotoKem Atlanta using their nextLAB system. The series had a budget that various sources estimated between $2–$3 million per episode, which "Variety" said was on the lower end of cable TV dramas.


title: Halt and Catch Fire (TV series)

text: The pilot was directed by Juan José Campanella and produced over six weeks from April to May 2013. It was primarily shot on location in the Atlanta area, although one set was used as Joe's condominium. Additionally, as part of a one-day shoot in Dallas in May, AMC paid to restore a 50-foot-tall neon sign of Big Tex located at a former Centennial Liquors store. For the series's visual appearance, the producers initially took inspiration from the 1970s films "All the President's Men", "The Parallax View", and "The Conversation", according to producer Jeff Freilich. After the series was picked up, several scenes from the pilot episode were re-shot. Lisco said that the staff wanted to make the tone "a little more jagged, a little more ambiguous" by giving Cameron more edge and by exploring whether Joe is "a visionary or a fraud".


title: Halt and Catch Fire (TV series)

text: After the series order, the staff decided that the production facility housing Joe's condo set was too far away from other locations where the crew would need to shoot. As a result, they partnered with Mark Henderson, Daniel Minchew, and Glenn Murer, who built the Atlanta Filmworks sound stage in a converted facility that previously served as a DuPont plant and a dog food factory. The space comprised two adjacent warehouses and a production office. The soundproofed Studio A, measuring , housed the set for Cardiff Electric's corporate offices, which occupied . Studio B was initially envisioned as a flex space for set construction, but ended up being used for filming as well, housing the set for Joe's condo, among others. As a result, several enhancements were made to the studio for the second season, such as quieter heaters and additional lighting.


title: Halt and Catch Fire (TV series)

text: Production on the remaining nine episodes of the first season began in October 2013 and lasted until May 2014. The weather was uncharacteristically cold and snowy for Atlanta, complicating outdoor shoots and suspending production for a few days. Location scouting was carried out by location manager Ryan Schaetzle to find settings that would not be anachronistic and would require the least amount of modification to match the period setting. Strategic framing of shots was also used to avoid anachronisms, as was computer-generated imagery to turn an Urban Outfitters location into a rug store. Scenes set at a Las Vegas hotel hosting COMDEX attendees in the season's penultimate episode were filmed at the American Cancer Society Center in downtown Atlanta. Other first season shooting locations included the Cobb Galleria Centre, Chops Lobster Bar, Northside Tavern, the Plaza Theatre, the Georgia State Capitol, an office building near The Weather Channel's headquarters, and a brick ranch-style house in Conyers.


title: Halt and Catch Fire (TV series)

text: Production on season two lasted from October 2014 to May 2015. The staff dismantled all of the first-season sets except for the Clark family house, a decision Cantwell said was made to force the series to reinvent itself and to parallel the reinvention common within the technology industry. Production on season three took place from November 2015 to August 2016. Due to the shift in setting from Dallas to California that season, the producers hired a new director of photography, Evans Brown, to give the series a sunnier look. Despite the setting change, production of the series remained in the Atlanta area, with the exception of two scenes from that season that were shot near the Golden Gate Bridge in San Francisco.


title: Halt and Catch Fire (TV series)

text: The fourth season's first episode opens with a sequence edited to appear to be a "one shot" that covers three years of story. The sequence was conceived by Campanella and filmed over two days, requiring several hairstyle and wardrobe changes to the actors. For the series finale, "Ten of Swords", the gala scene at Donna's house was filmed at a mid-century modern-style home in northeastern Atlanta. Donna's and Cameron's diner scene in the closing moments of the episode was filmed at the Waffle House Museum. Donna's idea at the end of the scene is never revealed, but the producers ensured that each camera shot in the diner showed an analog aspect of life for which there would be a future digital innovation. Production on the series wrapped in late July 2017. Within a week, the crew transitioned to a new AMC television series, "Lodge 49".


title: Halt and Catch Fire (TV series)

text: The series's production designers were Chris Brown, Craig Stearns, and Ola Maslik. Set decorator Lance Totten said the 1980s cliches of the "whole neon-pastels and shoulder pad vibe" were not prevalent until 1986, and that he focused on the design period of 1978–1983 at the series's onset. To identify period-accurate lighting fixtures, televisions, telephones, kitchenware, and curtains, he consulted: back issues of "Texas Homes" and "D Magazine"; old Sears and J. C. Penney catalogues; the "Interiors" books by English designer Terence Conran; and the "Malls Across America" collection of photographs by Michael Galinsky. Due to the difficulty of finding decor items with brass finishes, Totten often resorted to reproducing the look with gold paint or brass spray paint specially ordered from Krylon. Other heavily sought after items included: lamp shades with pleats and tapered or bell shapes; furniture with clean, linear lines and upholstery on the arms, legs, and feet; and metal constructed props instead of plastic. The set designers purchased from thrift shops, antique stores, yard sales, office supply companies that were closing, and individuals through Craigslist, but in some cases they rented items. Early 1980s seating and office furniture were difficult to acquire in large quantities, as furniture from that decade was not highly collected, other than high-end pieces by designers, and Totten said the decade marked the beginning of the era of "mass disposability". As a result, he drew from the 1960s and 1970s for certain sets, such as Bosworth's office and the Clark home. Old family photos provided by Totten and other crew members adorned certain sets to give the impression of the characters having extended family, while Totten's children drew the refrigerator art seen in the Clarks' kitchen. Prior to the second season, additional crew members were hired for the production design team to help with their extensive workload.


title: Halt and Catch Fire (TV series)

text: The architecture and design of Atlanta posed a challenge to the production design staff for achieving period accuracy. Bernstein said, "it's a new city. There are not a lot of buildings from the 1970s and 1980s." Totten said that locations that still existed from that period had been remodeled in the 1990s or 2000s and no longer had 1980s decor or color palettes, thus requiring filming locations to be re-dressed. Storefronts and restaurants were particularly difficult, as small details such as carpeting, window frames, lighting fixtures, chair upholstery patterns, and bathroom fixtures needed to be retrofitted. The season two set for the house that headquartered Mutiny, Cameron's start-up company, was designed to mimic the homes found in the Lakewood neighborhood of Dallas. Modeled after a single-story American Craftsman–style home that was popular in the 1920s, the set's design featured hardwood floors, ample trim moldings, built-in shelving painted white, and curved kitchen woodwork. For Mutiny's move to California in the third season, Stearns wanted their new office's set design to evoke the early days of Silicon Valley when startup companies operated out of older buildings. The set was designed as a converted fruit-packing warehouse with brick walls and large windows.


title: Halt and Catch Fire (TV series)

text: At the series's onset, many of the vintage computer props were obtained on eBay or from private collectors through Craigslist. One such prop was the original Apple Macintosh, which had become a collector's item and was rare. Many props were also borrowed from the Rhode Island Computer Museum. The Cardiff Giant portable PC depicted on screen was specially built for the series from molded plastic and was partially functional, as the production staff wanted to ensure the design was "consistent with the visionary thinking of the time and was not sci-fi", according to Freilich. Totten said that in order to build 40 Commodore 64 PC workstations for the Mutiny set in season two, "hundreds of different eBay purchases" were required, since the PCs, monitors, and peripherals all had to be obtained separately. One of the series's Atlanta-based technical advisors built the complex network of telephone lines and modems that hung on a wall of the Mutiny house set. From season two onwards, the series's staff collaborated with in Seattle to obtain vintage equipment. One prop that could not be sourced was an IBM 3033 mainframe computer, requiring a replica to be built in consultation with Living Computers using original plans from IBM's archives. Obtaining period accurate corporate signage and logos was a challenge for the staff, as many tech companies had gone out of business or had become part of large conglomerates over the years.


title: Halt and Catch Fire (TV series)

text: Staff sought out 1980s artwork from antique stores, thrift shops, and online; works with legible artist signatures were submitted to a clearing company, which attempted to obtain approvals from the artists or their estates to use the works on screen. Some art vendors had the artists' contact information, allowing the buyers to deal with them directly. The production designers also rented pieces from local galleries that were able to sign releases on the artists' behalves. Near the end of the first season, Totten began using a local vendor called Elk Creative to digitally create custom paintings in the style of 1970s and 1980s mass-produced corporate art.


title: Halt and Catch Fire (TV series)

text: Freilich said that the early 1980s fashion was "a little bland, a beige time", and that as a result, vintage clothing stores did not carry much merchandise from the period. The wardrobe department ultimately obtained many articles of clothing from shops and rental houses in Los Angeles where inventory was more extensive.


title: Halt and Catch Fire (TV series)

text: The original score was composed by Austrian musician Paul Haslinger, formerly of German electronic music group Tangerine Dream from 1986 to 1990. He secured the position on the series through his connection to its music supervisor, his friend Thomas Golubić. Having previously recorded music during the 1980s, Haslinger was drawn to "Halt and Catch Fire" as a second chance to write for the decade. Rather than merely revive 1980s music, he instead wanted to draw from its moodiness, and to combine his favorite retro sounds with modern-day elements. Haslinger's score was electronic, making heavy use of synthesizers; he used his original equipment and samples as well as virtual instruments, creating a blend of "analog and digital sounds from that era and [his] own sound design". He eschewed explicit musical themes for each character to avoid sounding "hokey". Instead, he tried to write for the subtext or underlying tension of scenes. Starting with the third season, Haslinger strove to pare down his compositions, often starting with fifteen tracks of audio before scaling down to five. He also incorporated more influences from beyond the 1980s, such as the works of Giorgio Moroder. A compilation of tracks from the first three seasons was released on CD and vinyl through Lakeshore Records on September 16, 2016. A second volume followed on vinyl, CD, and digital services on April 5, 2019.


title: Halt and Catch Fire (TV series)

text: Golubić and his team at the firm SuperMusicVision handled music licensing, creating a soundtrack of album-oriented rock, college rock, new wave, and 1980s punk. Golubić said that his team sought to license lesser-known tracks, believing the use of obvious 1980s hits would be "kitschy" and not within the series's budget; explaining their approach, he said, "We want to immerse people in that time period, not distract them". The music supervisors were engaged by the writers early in their creative process in an attempt to better integrate music into the series. Golubić and his team started by compiling playlists of songs that were evocative of the show's period setting, before attempting to secure licensing deals. They also curated playlists for each of the main characters after discussing them and their backstories. Golubić said of the process, "This is how we informed ourselves of the world that the characters live in." The playlists were sent to the actors to help them prepare for their roles, and were used by the producers, writers, and editors as a reference for developing the story. For example, Joe was seen as a "futurist looking forward" embodied by acts ahead of their time such as Gary Numan, the Cars, and Wire, while Gordon was interpreted as someone whose musical tastes did not evolve past 1970s acts such as Steely Dan and Boz Scaggs due to his preoccupation with work. AMC partnered with music streaming service Spotify to share the character playlists online and to promote them on amctv.com and the network's "Story Sync" second screen platform.


title: Halt and Catch Fire (TV series)

text: Punk rock played a prominent role in the characterization of Cameron, frequently playing through her headphones on-screen or non-diegetically to represent her temperament as a rebellious loner. The scene in which she enters the Cardiff Electric offices for her first day of work is soundtracked by the Clash's "The Magnificent Seven", whose lyrics about the "futility of the capitalist grind underscor[e] her ambivalence about the job", according to "Pitchfork"s Judy Berman. After she founds Mutiny, the company offices are frequently heard playing punk, post-punk, and alternative rock, which Berman said represented Cameron's growing influence in the tech industry. Towards the end of the series, punk music is used in the characterization of the Clarks' teenage daughters. The rebellious, troublemaker Joanie enjoys Shonen Knife, and Haley listens to PJ Harvey and riot grrrl bands while coming to terms with being queer.


title: Halt and Catch Fire (TV series)

text: Among the tracks licensed for use in the series were "Red Eyes" by the War on Drugs, "Velouria" by Pixies, "So Far Away" by Dire Straits, a cover of Joy Division's "She's Lost Control" by the Raveonettes, "Mercy Street" by Peter Gabriel, and in the closing sequence of the series finale, Gabriel's "Solsbury Hill".


title: Halt and Catch Fire (TV series)

text: The opening title sequence was created by the design studio Elastic, with creative direction from Antibody. The sequence depicts an electrical signal racing across a neon-red digital landscape, leaving a trail as it travels. Along the way it passes digitally distressed images of the main cast members, before it completes its journey to light up an LED indicator. Lead animator Raoul Marks said the signal was depicted "allegorically to illustrate the competing forces driving young tech entrepreneurs towards a new technological dawn".


title: Halt and Catch Fire (TV series)

text: The animators were tasked with creating an "abstract and symbolic" sequence "about the computer era that was about people, not machines". The sequence evolved from the animators' initial pitch to the showrunners to depict the "birth of an idea". The artists' first inspiration was to show a lightbulb turning on, a common visual metaphor for a "bright idea", and consequently they sought to show the journey of a signal to light up the bulb. During the extended storyboarding process, art director Eddy Herringson toyed with geometric shapes inspired by Saul Bass art, retro video games, and sex education films; sequence director Patrick Clair said the team "bounced between digital sperm to missile command and back—all in 8-bit." After several iterations, they replaced the lightbulb with an LED indicator to better evoke the computer era. In the initial pitch, the artists depicted competing signals that ended up disintegrating or being left behind, but these elements were scaled back. The team took artistic license with the appearance of electric and digital signals in the sequence. Due to the need to show the signal in a state of constant motion from shot to shot, precise animation and cuts between shots were required. Serif fonts were used for the credits and were inspired by the mature, classical typography and conservative layout design of personal computing advertisements from the 1980s. The color scheme, inspired by high-saturation 4-bit color computer graphics, was dominated by an "iridescent red that never peaked beyond hot magenta".


title: Halt and Catch Fire (TV series)

text: To give the title sequence a human element, images of the main cast members were incorporated. Rather than show "beauty shots" of the actors, the animators heavily edited images of them in a glitch art style. Marks "de-rezzed" the character images with Adobe Photoshop by selecting rectangular sections and using the software's average color feature on each; Marks said the process gave each portrait an "interesting facial approximation". Afterwards, the images were built into 3D models, although the artists did not want a "fully immersive 3D scene" but rather one that still had "more depth than just a graphic". Since the series's story was about "people putting pressure on themselves, and risking self-destruction through their own ambition", the artists wanted to depict them "decaying, breaking under the pressure of velocity and self-destruction". They achieved this by streaking debris, digital artifacts, and facial details away from the portraits in horizontal lines; Marks likened the effect to a person "re-entering the atmosphere from orbit but in a digital world".


title: Halt and Catch Fire (TV series)

text: The opening theme was composed by Danish electronic musician Trentemøller. Marks described the theme as "straddl[ing] the line between contemporary electronica and more retro-analog" sounds. The theme was provided late in the process of creating the title sequence.


title: Halt and Catch Fire (TV series)

text: Cantwell and Rogers wanted "Halt and Catch Fire" to explore what it meant to be considered a success or a failure. Rogers said they were interested in the pejorative connotation that the term "loser" carries in American culture, and they sought to redefine how success could be measured beyond binary terms to give their characters more humanity. By the final season, the characters realize "everything isn't about one singular victory professionally or personally". The creators wanted to tell the stories of unsung innovators, since, as Cantwell put it, historical narratives tended to overlook the "millions of people in obscurity who did most of the heavy lifting, only to have somebody step in and get the credit". He said that they intended the series's fictional characters and companies to "exist plausibly within the cracks of history", but since the series follows historical reality, the protagonists are predestined to lose out to real-life competitors. Although the characters prosper financially and attain professional accomplishments, they never find lasting success or transform their industry like they set out to. Describing how their protagonists were fated to fail, Cantwell said, "We know that our characters are not going to be the ones with the Wikipedia articles written about them, but what's fun about our story is, we can somehow still get excited about their excitement, because they're in the fog of war and they don't know what's coming."


title: Halt and Catch Fire (TV series)

text: In response to their failures, the characters are forced to undergo transformations, both personal and professional. Cantwell called reinvention a major theme of the series, saying: "tech is about failing fast and changing quickly. That felt like it gave us license to do that." Laura Hudson of "Wired" said, "The cycle of passion, loss of control, and hard reboot runs through not just every business endeavor but nearly every relationship on the show." Regarding the unsuccessful ventures and a failed marriage depicted on the show, she said, "It's easy to call these failures, but they're more like iterations in the lifelong experiment of trial and error that people hope can lead them closer to what they really want, and closer to themselves." Poniewozik, writing for "The New York Times", said the series "was more interested in failure as a condition of human growth" and that from its perspective, failure "is not the end; it's how people level up."


title: Halt and Catch Fire (TV series)

text: The characters' professional ambitions frequently result in them making decisions at the expense of their personal relationships. David Sims of "The Atlantic" said, "[The characters'] conflicts often hinge on their struggles to communicate—which is made all the more ironic by the fact that they're laying the groundwork for a world where everyone can speak to each other instantly, despite being more polarized than ever." Lisco said a "seminal theme" of the show was "the euphoria and the cost of going after your dreams in life". Chris Cabin of "Collider" called the series one in which "connections are often compromised in the name of ambition and vision". "Vanity Fair"s Laura Bradley said that as each of the series's characters "followed their ambitions, competing ruthlessly to get to an unseen top of the food chain", they alternated between collaborating and "stabb[ing] each other in the back".


title: Halt and Catch Fire (TV series)

text: In the pilot episode, Joe tells Gordon: "Computers aren't the thing. They're the thing that gets us to the thing". Many critics found it to be a defining phrase of the series, highlighting how technology is ultimately less important than the connections it can forge between people. Philip Cosores of "Consequence of Sound" compared the phrase to a lesson he believed the characters had learned: "that it wasn't really important what they created or what they innovated. What was important was that it brought them together over and over again, and that they all made each other better." Joe Reid of "Decider" said that the characters' stories illustrated that "their successes, their failures, and their might-have-been regrets were never, in the end, as important as the mere fact that they made the decision to work together in the first place". Hudson said that the series's most "radical message" was that "Human beings are the signal, and everything else is just noise."


title: Halt and Catch Fire (TV series)

text: The series explores themes of feminism, sexism, and gender roles. Rogers said that the creators were able to "examine modern issues through a period lens" by depicting sexism in the 1980s that was still present 30 years later. Through Cameron's and Donna's professional experiences in computing, the series delves into how people in leadership positions can be perceived differently based on their gender. Emily St. James of "Vox" said: "Every decision anybody makes is driven, on some level, by emotion. But when the person making that decision is a woman in the workplace, on "Halt and Catch Fire", as in life, it's all too easy to write off that decision for being 'emotional.'" In the second season, the creators placed Cameron and Donna into situations similar to ones that Joe and Gordon faced in the first season, as they wanted to contrast the other characters' distrust of the female partnership with their reactions to the male one. According to Cantwell, the 1980s were a time when computers were being marketed as "toys for boys" at the expense of appealing to women; Bishé, an advocate of women entering STEM fields, said that the proportion of women who received computer science degrees had declined in the years following the series's period setting (37 percent in 1984, compared to 18 percent in 2012). Cantwell and Rogers were interested in exploring how the computing industry began to slowly push women out in the mid-1980s, and they depicted it through Cameron's and Donna's encounters with sexist behavior of male venture capitalists.


title: Halt and Catch Fire (TV series)

text: Cantwell and Rogers were annoyed by the common trope of women being accessories to male storylines in television dramas, and wanted Cameron and Donna to be "formidable engineers and formidable people in their own right". Though both feminists, the characters have different values due to their ten-year age difference; Donna has an unentitled view of feminism due to the struggles her generation went through, while Cameron fails to "recognize her own femaleness" and takes for granted the benefits she enjoys due to the efforts of Donna's generation. Davis said that Donna and Cameron represented the stories of second- and third-wave feminism, respectively. The depiction of their business partnership was regarded by critics as easily passing the Bechdel test, which measures female representation in fiction.


title: Halt and Catch Fire (TV series)

text: The pilot was screened at the South by Southwest festival on March 8, 2014. Apple co-founder Steve Wozniak moderated a panel discussion with Cantwell and Rogers at the festival, and called the pilot "very realistic". Beginning on May 19, the premiere episode was made available through video on demand and TV Everywhere services, as well as online for streaming on AMC.com and the network's Tumblr page, making it the first TV series to premiere on Tumblr. The pilot was also screened for employees of several technology companies, such as Apple, Twitter, Google, and Dropbox. A premiere was held at the ArcLight Hollywood theatre in Los Angeles on May 21. The series made its television premiere on Sunday, June 1, 2014, in the 10 p.m. ET timeslot, replacing "Mad Men", whose mid-season finale had aired the week prior for its final season. The pilot episode of "Halt and Catch Fire" was the only one distributed to critics for review, an uncommon practice for new series, which usually make multiple episodes available upon premiering.


title: Halt and Catch Fire (TV series)

text: The first episode of season three aired on August 21, 2016, ahead of the two-hour season premiere on August 23. AMC renewed "Halt and Catch Fire" for a fourth and final season of ten episodes on October 10, 2016. The final season began with a two-hour premiere on August 19, 2017, and concluded with a two-hour series finale on October 14.


title: Halt and Catch Fire (TV series)

text: "Halt and Catch Fire" was distributed internationally by eOne Television as one of the first series covered by a 2013 agreement with AMC to distribute the network's original scripted programming. The distributor licensed the series to Canal+ in France; C More in Denmark, Norway, Sweden, and Finland; HBO Nordic in Scandinavia; TV 2 in Norway; and D.B.S Satellite Services in Israel. In August 2014, AMC announced that the series would be among the network's first original series to air on their recently rebranded international TV channels in Asia, Europe, and Latin America. The series premiered in Singapore in March 2015. That same month, the CBS AMC Networks EMEA Channels Partnership, a joint venture between AMC Networks International Zone and CBS Studios International, announced that the series would be broadcast in Poland on CBS Europa starting April 12; this marked the first time that CBS Europa would air first-run content. "Halt and Catch Fire" premiered in Australia on June 23, 2015, on Showcase.


title: Halt and Catch Fire (TV series)

text: The first season was released on DVD (region 1) and Blu-ray (region A) on May 5, 2015. The second season was released on DVD in region 1 on August 9, 2016.


title: Halt and Catch Fire (TV series)

text: Season one was made available on AMC On Demand and AMC.com from March 26 to April 7, 2015, before its release on Netflix on April 8. It was also made available on Amazon Video in the UK and Germany. In December 2017, the final season was released on Netflix, making the entire series available on the service. On May 1, 2020, a licensing deal between AMC and ViacomCBS took effect to make Pluto TV the exclusive no-cost, ad-supported streaming partner for older AMC content; "Halt and Catch Fire" was one of the network's series covered by the agreement. In September 2020, AMC announced an agreement with ad-supported streaming service IMDb TV to offer the network's programming; "Halt and Catch Fire" was one of several original series planned for a dedicated channel called "AMC: Presents". A similar "AMC Presents" ad-supported channel, featuring network content such as "Halt and Catch Fire", was announced for the Samsung TV Plus streaming service in December 2020, and for Plex's "Live TV" streaming in March 2021. All four seasons of the show became available for streaming on SBS On Demand in Australia in June 2021. After departing Netflix in December 2021, the series was added to the AMC+ streaming service, with each full season released weekly in subsequent weeks.


title: Halt and Catch Fire (TV series)

text: The first season received favorable reviews from critics. At Metacritic, which assigns a rating out of 100 to reviews from mainstream publications, the first season received an average score of 69, based on 31 reviews. According to review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes, the first season holds a 76% approval rating with an average score of 7.25/10, based on 45 reviews; the site's consensus said, "A refreshingly well-acted period drama, "Halt and Catch Fire" convincingly portrays the not-too-distant past." Reviewing the pilot, Matthew Gilbert of "The Boston Globe" was intrigued by the possibility that the series would "be able to delve beneath the surface of its milieu". He highlighted the "distinctive visual style", focus on "material that has not already been done to death elsewhere on TV", and the "pair of unfamiliar and interesting lead actors". Tim Goodman of "The Hollywood Reporter" called the opening episode a "triumphant pilot with excellent writing, impressive acting and a noteworthy cinematic visual style". Although skeptical about how the show would evolve, Goodman said, "It's a premise with possibilities and could be AMC's best offering of the post-classics ("Breaking Bad", "Mad Men") era." Mary McNamara of the "Los Angeles Times" said that although the pilot "doesn't hit the gloriously high bar set by the opening episode of "Mad Men", it is provocative and promising nonetheless."


title: Halt and Catch Fire (TV series)

text: Reviewing several episodes, Chris Cabin of "Slant Magazine" said "the show's creators choose to tailor the series to focus on the enigmatic MacMillan, which might explain why "Halt and Catch Fire" comes off as overtly coy and more than a little aimless". The review called the show "a hungry anticipation for what machines can and will do, but it only has a cursory interest in the complex humans that built them." Alan Sepinwall of "HitFix" believed the series was derivative of others and analogized this assessment to the show's plotline of reverse engineering the IBM PC, calling "Halt and Catch Fire" "a series that has not only been reverse-engineered from past cable drama hits, but that seems acutely aware of that fact." Emily St. James of "The A.V. Club" echoed these sentiments, writing that the pilot "feels like the network trying to reverse engineer... its success with "Mad Men"". St. James, though, said that "the pilot moves with a kind of confidence that's hard to fake" and praised Campanella's "intriguing direction". Joanne Ostrow of "The Denver Post" called it a "dreary imitation" of "Mad Men" in which "the brooding, secretive loner guy was a tad too familiar, yet not as moving as that earlier slick-suited version". She liked the stories of the male leads and the progression of the female characters but said that "Pace's excellent performance was not enough to make the show rewarding". Colin McGuire of "PopMatters" said that the season was "not perfect" and accurately gave the impression of having been written by two newcomers to television. He noted, however, the "worthwhile cast that did far more than enough to bring the occasionally spotty narrative to life" and said, "The groundwork for something special is there, imperfections and all."


title: Halt and Catch Fire (TV series)

text: The second season received strong reviews, with many critics noting the series's improvement over its first season. At Metacritic, the season received an average review score of 73 out of 100, based on 8 reviews. According to Rotten Tomatoes, the second season holds a 91% approval rating with an average score of 8.32/10, based on 23 reviews; the site's critical consensus said, ""Halt and Catch Fire" version 2.0 has received some upgrades and improvements, including a welcome focus on its female leads." Sepinwall praised the acting, writing, and directing of season two, and noted that one of his frustrations with the first season, the downplaying of Donna and Cameron, was resolved: "Now it's essentially "Halt and Catch Fire 2.0," with all the bugs worked out so that it can function exactly as it first promised." Sepinwall summed up the season's changes by saying, "Those who stayed patient with "Halt" season 1, or those who come to the show now that the quality has gone up significantly, will be rewarded." Andy Greenwald of "Grantland" called season two a "hard reboot" that was exponentially better. He praised the emphasis placed on the female leads, Davis's performance, and how it reframed the male leads, while noting that the focus on Mutiny "inject[ed] the show with the jittery, caffeinated energy of a start-up". Willa Paskin of "Slate" said that the series was able to successfully pivot by shifting focus to a startup setting and to Cameron and Donna, the latter of whom Paskin said "has blossomed into a character with ambitions all her own". Commenting on the season's exploration of issues facing working women, Paskin wrote, "what is so satisfying about its treatment of sexism... is not the extent to which the sexism conforms to our expectations, but that the women involved do not." Emily Nussbaum of "The New Yorker" called season two "such a startling upgrade of the first that it begs for technological metaphors". She said that the chemistry between Donna and Cameron "is looser, releasing the show from the burdens of its gloomy forerunners", and that the marriage between Gordon and Donna felt nuanced. Nussbaum said the series was best at being "a platform for a fascinating, buried period of history" that provided "oddly profound meditations on the nature of originality in the digital age, nested within relationship talk". James Poniewozik of "Time" said the show "remade and refocused itself in its second season" by focusing on the Cameron–Donna partnership and that "it now has a compelling subject". Poniewozik said, "true to Moore's Law, it has become magnitudes better."


title: Halt and Catch Fire (TV series)

text: Several publications ranked the second season among the best television series of 2015 on their end-of-year lists. "The Atlantic" and James Poniewozik of "The New York Times" shortlisted it, while it was ranked: first by "Slate"; fifth-best by RogerEbert.com; eighth-best by "Vox"; and 23rd-best by "Rolling Stone".


title: Halt and Catch Fire (TV series)

text: The third season received critical acclaim. At Metacritic, the season has an average review score of 83 out of 100, based on 12 reviews, indicating "universal acclaim". According to Rotten Tomatoes, the third season holds a 96% approval rating with an average score of 8.62/10, based on 23 reviews; the site's critical consensus said, ""Halt and Catch Fire" finds its footing in an optimistic third season that builds on the fascinating relationship between a pair of emerging protagonists." David Sims of "The Atlantic" said "Halt and Catch Fire" was "one of TV's most elegantly crafted shows", "the best drama on television", and the most underrated. Sims praised the series for creating emotional investment in the characters' ideas, for its depiction of teamwork and the act of creation, and for using "[Joe] MacMillan to satirize the Jobsian cult of personality that defines so much of the tech world". St. James, writing for "Vox", said, "This is the rare recent TV drama that's both as good as it is and as optimistic as it is." She praised Cantwell and Rogers for continued character development and highlighted the series for leading the movement of what she called "empathy dramas". Daniel Fienberg of "The Hollywood Reporter" called out the Donna–Cameron partnership as the highlight of the show, writing, "There's nothing like it on TV." He praised the lead actors' performances and the nuanced characters, and called "Halt and Catch Fire" "one of TV's best-directed shows". Maureen Ryan of "Variety" called the series "both a retro pleasure and a forward-looking gem" that was bolstered by its performances, soundtrack, and individual episode story arcs. Ryan said the characters' failed attempts to connect with each other resonated because of the series's "compassionate approach to its core characters". Jen Chaney of "Vulture" said the third season "covers familiar thematic ground while remaining a very good period piece that traces the rise of digital technology and simultaneously uses it as a metaphor to explore its characters' frailties". Chaney said the series earned its "should-watch status" through its cast, use of restraint, and depiction of characters on the verge of technological breakthroughs. Poniewozik, writing for "The New York Times", said the season "makes its past future feel dewy and new" and that despite some initial slow pacing, "The character dynamics are solid... and the '80s details continue to be spot on." Hank Stuever of "The Washington Post" said, "The show's bugs and glitches also persist, but, if nothing else, "Halt and Catch Fire" has become an above-average specimen of 'slow television,' should you want such a thing in your life." The review said that the season "survives—and arguably thrives" on the Donna–Cameron storyline, but that it still struggled with Joe's character.


title: Halt and Catch Fire (TV series)

text: Many publications ranked the third season among the best television series of 2016 on their end-of-year lists. "The Atlantic" shortlisted it, while it was ranked: first by "Vox"; third-best by Willa Paskin and June Thomas of "Slate"; fourth-best by "Consequence of Sound" and Sonia Saraiya of "Variety"; sixth-best by RogerEbert.com and "The A.V. Club"; seventh-best by "The Ringer"; ninth-best by Daniel Fienberg of "The Hollywood Reporter"; and tenth-best by "Paste".


title: Halt and Catch Fire (TV series)

text: The fourth season received critical acclaim, and the strongest reviews of any season of the series. At Metacritic, the season has an average review score of 92 out of 100, based on 8 reviews. According to Rotten Tomatoes, the fourth season holds a 100% approval rating with an average score of 9.53/10, based on 26 reviews; the site's critical consensus said, ""Halt and Catch Fire"s character-driven drama culminates in an optimistic ode to the early internet age that's bound to stand the test of time." Michael Roffman of "Consequence of Sound" called the fourth season "a victory lap for everyone who championed the show from the very beginning". He said the series's refusal to guarantee the characters' success "doesn't just make for great television, but great characters, and those characters are partly why "Halt" has staved off its own demise." Jeff Jensen of "Entertainment Weekly" said the show had overcome "a sputtering start to become a luminous drama", praising Cantwell and Rogers for progressing "from aping the antihero playbook to refining it" and for making "incredibly compelling and unique" characters. He concluded his review by calling the series "an urgent story of rehumanization for a cold, wired culture". Eric Thurm of "The Verge" called the show "the best depiction of technological innovation on television", lauding the "truly formidable" cast and the show's visual style for "charg[ing] meetings, coding sessions, or a group of people standing in front of a whiteboard with creative potential". St. James commended the series's ability to create nostalgia for the early days of the Web and said it was one of the few dramas that was able to "stay nimble and sharp" by "find[ing] endless new iterations of the characters it already has". In her end-of-year rankings of the best series, St. James said the season's final four episodes "were as emotionally overwhelming as anything [she's] ever seen on television". J.M. Suarez of "PopMatters" said the season "never sacrifices nuance and thoughtfulness for twists or attempts to outdo itself," calling the show "confident enough to let its characters succeed and fail without having to spell out who's right and wrong". Sims said the fourth season "succeeds by making its tech narrative not a dry history lesson, but rather a battle of wills between four very flawed, compelling characters, each possessed of the kinds of manic ambition and tendency toward self-destruction that make for the best television drama". Alex Cranz of "Gizmodo" called the fourth season "easily one of the best seasons of a television show ever produced", while Brian Grubb of "Uproxx" similarly called it "one of the best seasons of television [he's] ever seen".


title: Halt and Catch Fire (TV series)

text: Many publications ranked the fourth season among the best television series of 2017 on their end-of-year lists. "The New York Times", "The Atlantic", "Vox", and "The Philadelphia Inquirer" shortlisted it. The series was ranked: second-best by "Consequence of Sound" and "The Hollywood Reporter"s Daniel Fienberg; third-best by "Uproxx"s Alan Sepinwall, "Variety"s Sonya Saraiya, and "RogerEbert.com"s Brian Tallerico; fourth-best on "TVLine"s list of dramas; fifth-best by "The A.V. Club", "Forbes", "Slate", and "Vulture"s Jen Chaney; sixth-best by "The Oregonian"; seventh-best by "IndieWire" and "The Ringer"; ninth-best by "Paste"; 13th-best by "Rolling Stone"; and 39th-best by "The Guardian". According to Metacritic, "Halt and Catch Fire"s fourth season was tied for the 41st-highest-rated TV season of all time, and, based on critics' end-of-year lists, the 17th-highest-ranked series of 2017.


title: Halt and Catch Fire (TV series)

text: The premiere episode drew 1.2 million viewers according to Nielsen data, 433,000 of them in the 18–49 age demographic. At the time, it was the least-watched drama series premiere in AMC's modern history, and was the only episode of the series to surpass one million viewers during its initial broadcast. The first season drew modest overall viewership, averaging 760,000 viewers per episode, and a 0.3 rating in the 18–49 age demographic for live plus same-day viewings. When accounting for time shifting via digital video recorders (DVRs), the season averaged 1.3 million viewers per episode in live plus 7-day viewings; 606,000 of them were ages 18–49, making "Halt and Catch Fire" among the "most upscale dramas on ad-supported television" behind "Mad Men" and "The Good Wife", according to AMC. Despite the low overall ratings, the network renewed the show in August 2014 for a second season of ten episodes. AMC's president Charlie Collier said, "We have a history of demonstrating patience through the early seasons of new shows, betting on talent and building audience over time."


title: Halt and Catch Fire (TV series)

text: The second-season premiere drew 659,000 viewers, 262,000 of whom were ages 18–49. Compared to the first-season premiere, this marked a 45% drop in overall viewership and a 39% drop in the 18–49 demographic. The season finale was watched by 485,000 viewers. Despite the critical acclaim that season two garnered, viewership declined overall. The season averaged 520,000 viewers per episode and a 0.2 rating in the 18–49 age demographic in live plus same-day viewings. When accounting for time shifting, the season averaged 865,000 viewers per episode in live plus 3-day viewings and just under one million in live plus 7-day viewings. Still, AMC renewed the series in October 2015 for a ten-episode third season. Stillerman said, "The critical momentum was a big part of the decision." The Tuesday premiere of the third season drew just 385,000 same-day viewers.


title: Halt and Catch Fire (TV series)

text: "Halt and Catch Fire" appeared on several rankings of 21st century television series. "Thrillist" called it the best TV series to air all of its episodes in the 2010s; writer Esther Zuckerman said: "perhaps more than any other show that began during this decade, "Halt and Catch Fire" captured the agony of trying to navigate a world where it's easier and easier to hide behind a computer screen. In documenting the beginning of the boom that brought us to where we are, [Cantwell and Rogers] created characters who reflected universal anxieties through their longing." Emily St. James of "Vox" ranked it 5th on her list of the shows that best explained the 2010s, saying the series "had the power to transport viewers back to a world where computers could unite people rather than divide them, where the internet held promise and not destruction. The show's most beautiful optimism was that we might be able to return to that world someday." "Time" named it one of their top 10 TV series of the 2010s, saying, "In the past decade, as we've suffered the consequences of a tech sector that can seem devoid of human insight and empathy, "Halt" dared to imagine an alternate history of the industry in which those qualities mattered most." "The Hollywood Reporter" ranked it the 7th-best TV series of the decade, with Daniel Fienberg saying of it: "Driven by a commitment to character, "Halt and Catch Fire" gained more and more emotional heft with each passing season and every tear I shed in the final three or four episodes felt completely earned." "Consequence of Sound" ranked the series 10th on their list of the decade's best; Michael Roffman said, "As [the characters] endured, so did the show, and that bizarre negotiation of fiction and reality certainly elevated our feelings towards the characters and the series." Brian Tallerico of RogerEbert.com, which placed the series 12th on its list of the decade's best, called it "one of the best character studies of the decade" and said "no show was smarter than this one when it comes to chronicling what success (and failure) does to personal relationships".