title: William Morris

text: Morris met Eiríkur Magnússon in 1868, and began to learn the Icelandic language from him. Morris published translations of "The Saga of Gunnlaug Worm-Tongue" and "Grettis Saga" in 1869, and the "Story of the Volsungs and Niblungs" in 1870. An additional volume was published under the title of "Three Northern Love Stories" in 1873.


title: William Morris

text: In the last nine years of his life, Morris wrote a series of imaginative fictions usually referred to as the "prose romances". These novels – including "The Wood Beyond the World" and "The Well at the World's End" – have been credited as important milestones in the history of fantasy fiction, because, while other writers wrote of foreign lands, or of dream worlds, or the future (as Morris did in "News from Nowhere"), Morris's works were the first to be set in an entirely invented fantasy world. These were attempts to revive the genre of medieval romance, and written in


title: William Morris

text: imitation of medieval prose. Morris's prose style in these novels has been praised by Edward James, who described


title: William Morris

text: On the other hand, L. Sprague de Camp considered Morris's fantasies to be not wholly successful, partly because Morris eschewed many literary techniques from later eras. In particular, De Camp argued the plots of the novels are heavily driven by coincidence; while many things just happened in the romances, the novels are still weakened by the dependence on it. Nevertheless, large subgenres of the field of fantasy have sprung from the romance genre, but indirectly, through their writers' imitation of William Morris.


title: William Morris

text: Early fantasy writers like Lord Dunsany, E. R. Eddison and James Branch Cabell were familiar with Morris's romances. "The Wood Beyond the World" is considered to have heavily influenced C. S. Lewis's Narnia series, while


title: William Morris

text: J. R. R. Tolkien was inspired by Morris's reconstructions of early Germanic life in "The House of the Wolfings" and "The Roots of the Mountains". The young Tolkien attempted a retelling of the story of Kullervo from the "Kalevala" in the style of "The House of the Wolfings"; Tolkien considered much of his literary work to have been inspired by an early reading of Morris, even suggesting that he was unable to better Morris's work; the names of characters such as "Gandolf" and the horse Silverfax appear in "The Well at the World's End".


title: William Morris

text: Sir Henry Newbolt's medieval allegorical novel Aladore was influenced by Morris's fantasies. James Joyce also drew inspiration from his work.


title: William Morris

text: During his lifetime, Morris produced items in a range of crafts, mainly those to do with furnishing, including over 600 designs for wall-paper, textiles, and embroideries, over 150 for stained glass windows, three typefaces, and around 650 borders and ornamentations for the Kelmscott Press. He emphasised the idea that the design and production of an item should not be divorced from one another, and that where possible those creating items should be designer-craftsmen, thereby both designing and manufacturing their goods. In the field of textile design, Morris revived a number of dead techniques, and insisted on the use of good quality raw materials, almost all natural dyes, and hand processing. He also observed the natural world first hand to gain a basis for his designs, and insisted on learning the techniques of production prior to producing a design.


title: William Morris

text: Mackail asserted that Morris became "a manufacturer not because he wished to make money, but because he wished to make the things he manufactured." Morris & Co.'s designs were fashionable among Britain's upper and middle-classes, with biographer Fiona MacCarthy asserting that they had become "the safe choice of the intellectual classes, an exercise in political correctitude." The company's unique selling point was the range of different items that it produced, as well as the ethos of artistic control over production that it emphasised.


title: William Morris

text: It is likely that much of Morris's preference for medieval textiles was formed – or crystallised – during his brief apprenticeship with G. E. Street. Street had co-written a book on "Ecclesiastical Embroidery" in 1848, and was a staunch advocate of abandoning faddish woolen work on canvas in favour of more expressive embroidery techniques based on Opus Anglicanum, a surface embroidery technique popular in medieval England.


title: William Morris

text: He was also fond of hand-knotted Persian carpet and advised the South Kensington Museum in the acquisition of fine Kerman carpets.


title: William Morris

text: Morris taught himself embroidery, working with wool on a frame custom-built from an old example. Once he had mastered the technique he trained his wife Jane, her sister Bessie Burden and others to execute designs to his specifications. When "embroideries of all kinds" were offered through Morris, Marshall, Faulkner & Co. catalogues, church embroidery became and remained an important line of business for its successor companies into the twentieth century. By the 1870s, the firm was offering both embroidery patterns and finished works. Following in Street's footsteps, Morris became active in the growing movement to return originality and mastery of technique to embroidery, and was one of the first designers associated with the Royal School of Art Needlework with its aim to "restore Ornamental Needlework for secular purposes to the high place it once held among decorative arts."


title: William Morris

text: Morris took up the practical art of dyeing as a necessary adjunct of his manufacturing business. He spent much of his time at Staffordshire dye works mastering the processes of that art and making experiments in the revival of old or discovery of new methods. One result of these experiments was to reinstate indigo dyeing as a practical industry and generally to renew the use of those vegetable dyes, such as the red derived from madder, which had been driven almost out of use by the anilines. Dyeing of wools, silks, and cottons was the necessary preliminary to what he had much at heart, the production of woven and printed fabrics of the highest excellence; and the period of incessant work at the dye-vat (1875–1876) was followed by a period during which he was absorbed in the production of textiles (1877–1878), and more especially in the revival of carpet-weaving as a fine art.


title: William Morris

text: Morris's patterns for woven textiles, some of which were also machine made under ordinary commercial conditions, included intricate double-woven furnishing fabrics in which two sets of warps and wefts are interlinked to create complex gradations of colour and texture. Morris long dreamed of weaving tapestries in the medieval manner, which he called "the noblest of the weaving arts." In September 1879 he finished his first solo effort, a small piece called "Cabbage and Vine".


title: William Morris

text: Nineteenth and twentieth century avant-garde artistic movements took an interest in the typographical arts, greatly enriching book design and illustration. Morris's designs, like the work of the Pre-Raphaelite painters with whom he was associated, referred frequently to medieval motifs. In 1891 he founded the Kelmscott Press, which by the time it closed in 1898 had produced over fifty works using traditional printing methods, a hand-driven press and hand-made paper. They included his masterpiece, an edition of the "Works of Geoffrey Chaucer" with illustrations by Edward Burne-Jones. Morris invented three distinctive typefaces – Golden, Troy, and Chaucer, with the text being framed with intricate floral borders similar to illuminated medieval manuscripts. His work inspired many small private presses in the following century.


title: William Morris

text: Morris's aesthetic and social values became a leading force in the Arts and Crafts Movement. The Kelmscott Press influenced much of the fine press movement in England and the United States during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. It brought the need for books that were aesthetic objects as well as words to the attention of the reading and publishing worlds.


title: William Morris

text: At Kelmscott Press the book-making was under his constant supervision and practical assistance. It was his ambition to produce a perfect work to restore all the beauty of illuminated lettering, richness of gilding and grace of binding that used to make a volume the treasure of a king. His efforts were constantly directed towards giving the world at least one book that exceeded anything that had ever appeared. Morris designed his type after the best examples of early printers, what he called his "golden type" which he copied after Jenson, Parautz, Coburger and others. With this in mind, Morris took equal care on the choice of his paper which he adapted to his subject with the same care that governed his selection of material for binding. As a result only the wealthy could purchase his lavish works; Morris realized that creating works in the manner of the middle ages was difficult in a profit-grinding society.


title: William Morris

text: President of the William Morris Society Hans Brill referred to Morris as "one of the outstanding figures of the nineteenth century", while Linda Parry termed him the "single most important figure in British textile production".


title: William Morris

text: At the time of Morris's death, his poetry was known internationally and his company's products were found all over the world. In his lifetime, he was best known as a poet, although by the late twentieth century he was primarily known as a designer of wallpapers and fabrics.


title: William Morris

text: He was a major contributor to the revival of traditional British textile arts and methods of production. Morris's ethos of production was an influence on the Bauhaus movement. Another aspect of Morris's preservationism was his desire to protect the natural world from the ravages of pollution and industrialism, causing some historians of the green movement to regard Morris as an important forerunner of modern environmentalism.


title: William Morris

text: Aymer Vallance was commissioned to produce the first biography of Morris, published in 1897, after Morris's death, per the latter's wishes. This presented the creation of the Society for the Protection of Ancient Buildings as Morris's greatest achievement. Morris's next biographer was Burne-Jones's son-in-law John William Mackail, who authored the two-volume "Life of William Morris" (1899) in which he provided a sympathetic portrayal of Morris that largely omitted his political activities, treating them as a passing phase that Morris overcame.


title: William Morris

text: MacCarthy's biography, "William Morris: A Life for Our Time", was first published by Faber and Faber in 1994, and a paperback edition was published in 2010. For the 2013 Venice Biennale, artist Jeremy Deller selected Morris as the subject of a large-scale mural titled "We Sit Starving Amidst our Gold", in which Morris returns from the dead to hurl the yacht of Russian billionaire Roman Abramovich into the waves of an ocean.


title: William Morris

text: MacCarthy curated the "Anarchy & Beauty" exhibition—a commemoration of Morris's legacy—for the National Portrait Gallery in 2014, for which she recruited around 70 artists who were required to undertake a test regarding Morris's "News from Nowhere" to be accepted. Writing for "The Guardian" prior to the opening of the exhibition on 16 October 2014, MacCarthy asserted:


title: William Morris

text: Morris has exerted a powerful influence on thinking about art and design over the past century. He has been the constant niggle in the conscience. How can we combat all this luxury and waste? What drove him into revolutionary activism was his anger and shame at the injustices within society. He burned with guilt at the fact that his "good fortune only" allowed him to live in beautiful surroundings and to pursue the work he adored.


title: William Morris

text: "Anarchy & Beauty"'s arts and crafts section featured Morris's own copy of the French edition of Karl Marx's "Das Kapital" handbound in a gold-tooled leather binding that MacCarthy describes as "the ultimate example of Morris's conviction that perfectionism of design and craftsmanship should be available to everyone."


title: William Morris

text: A number of galleries and museums house important collections of Morris's work and decorative items commissioned from Morris & Co. The William Morris Gallery in Walthamstow, England, is a public museum devoted to Morris's life, work and influence. The William Morris Society is based at Morris's final London home, Kelmscott House, Hammersmith, and is an international members society, museum and venue for lectures and other Morris-related events. The Art Gallery of South Australia is "fortunate in holding the most comprehensive collection of Morris & Co. furnishings outside Britain". The collection includes books, embroideries, tapestries, fabrics, wallpapers, drawings and sketches, furniture and stained glass, and forms the focus of two published works (produced to accompany special exhibitions).


title: William Morris

text: The former "green dining room" at the Victoria and Albert Museum is now its "Morris Room". The V&A's British Galleries house other decorative works by Morris and his associates.


title: William Morris

text: One of the meeting rooms in the Oxford Union, decorated with the wallpaper in his style, is named the Morris Room.


title: William Morris

text: Wightwick Manor in the West Midlands, England, is a notable example of the Morris & Co. style, with lots of original Morris wallpapers, fabrics, carpets, and furniture, May Morris art and embroidery, De Morgan tiles, and Pre-Raphaelite works of art, managed by the National Trust. Standen in West Sussex, England, was designed by Webb between 1892 and 1894 and decorated with Morris carpets, fabrics and wallpapers. The illustrator Edward Linley Sambourne chose to decorate his London family home 18 Stafford Terrace with many Morris & Co wallpapers, which have been preserved and can still be seen today. Morris's homes Red House and Kelmscott Manor have been preserved. Red House was acquired by the National Trust in 2003 and is open to the public. Kelmscott Manor is owned by the Society of Antiquaries of London and is open to the public.


title: William Morris

text: The Huntington Library, Art Collections and Botanical Gardens in San Marino, California, acquired the collection of Morris materials amassed by Sanford and Helen Berger in 1999. The collection includes stained glass, wallpaper, textiles, embroidery, drawings, ceramics, more than 2000 books, original woodblocks, and the complete archives of both Morris, Marshall, Faulkner & Co. and Morris & Co. These materials formed the foundation for the 2002 exhibition "William Morris: Creating the Useful and the Beautiful" and 2003 exhibition "The Beauty of Life: William Morris and the Art of Design" and accompanying publication.


title: William Morris

text: 7, Hammersmith Terrace is the former home of Sir Emery Walker, a close friend and colleague of Morris. The house is decorated in the Arts & Crafts style, including with extensive collections of Morris wallpaper, furniture, and textiles. 7, Hammersmith Terrace is operated by the Emery Walker Trust, and is open to the public for tours.


title: William Morris

text: In 2013, the Cary Graphic Arts Collection at Rochester Institute of Technology bought William Morris's London-built Hopkinson & Cope Improved Albion press (No. 6551) at auction for $233,000. This printing press was specially reinforced to produce Morris's "Chaucer" in 1896. Other owners of Morris's Albion press include Frederic Goudy and J. Ben Lieberman.


title: Dexter Holland

text: Bryan Keith "Dexter" Holland (born December 29, 1965) is an American musician who is the lead vocalist, rhythm guitarist, primary songwriter and last remaining original member of the American rock band the Offspring. He is also the creator of the hot sauce Gringo Bandito, launched in 2004. In 2017, Holland attained a PhD in molecular biology.


title: Dexter Holland

text: Holland attended Pacifica High School in Garden Grove, California, where he graduated as class valedictorian in 1984. During high school, Holland was the best student in mathematics in his year, and he found it "just as exciting as punk rock".


title: Dexter Holland

text: He then attended the University of Southern California, where he earned a B.S. degree in biology, a M.S. degree in molecular biology, and eventually a Ph.D. in molecular biology in 2017. After the success of the Offspring, he suspended his studies to focus on music, but successfully resumed and defended his doctoral thesis in May 2017.


title: Dexter Holland

text: Holland's early musical influences include Aerosmith, the Beatles, the Sex Pistols, the Ramones, KISS, Bob Marley, Queen, and the Rolling Stones. In 1984, he started a punk band, Manic Subsidal, with his friend and cross-country teammate Greg K., Holland playing the drums. It formed after the duo failed to get into a Social Distortion concert. After Jim Benton was hired as their drummer, Holland switched to vocals and guitars. They never released any albums, but some demos have circulated online.


title: Dexter Holland

text: After some line-up changes, including the addition of Noodles on guitar, Manic Subsidal changed their name to the Offspring in 1985. After recording a demo in 1988, the Offspring signed a deal with a small-time label, Nemesis Records, for whom they recorded their first full-length album, "The Offspring", in March 1989. This album would eventually be re-issued on November 21, 1995, by Holland's own record label, Nitro Records.


title: Dexter Holland

text: In 1991, the Offspring signed with Epitaph Records (home of Bad Religion, L7, NOFX, Pennywise and other similar bands). Their first release on the label was "Ignition", which was released in 1992. Their last album for that label was 1994's "Smash", which still holds the world record for most sales of an album on an independent label. The band then signed with Columbia Records in 1996 (after Brett Gurewitz, owner of Epitaph and guitarist for Bad Religion, sold the contract to Columbia, Holland claims) for whom they released their next six albums, "Ixnay on the Hombre" (1997), "Americana" (1998), "Conspiracy of One" (2000), "Splinter" (2003), "Rise and Fall, Rage and Grace" (2008) and "Days Go By" (2012). Their most recent album, "Let The Bad Times Roll" (2021), was the band's first release on Concord Records. Holland is one of the two members (along with Noodles) to appear on all of The Offspring's albums, and as of Greg K.'s split from the band in November 2018, he is the only remaining original member left.


title: Dexter Holland

text: Holland sometimes plays the piano during live shows. Occasionally the band plays "Gone Away", with only Holland playing the song on piano. Holland sings in the tenor range.


title: Dexter Holland

text: In an interview in 1995, Holland said when he turns 40, he would rather be a professor at a university than play music.


title: Dexter Holland

text: Holland was a doctoral student at the Laboratory of Viral Oncology and Proteomics Research, Keck School of Medicine, where he was supervised by Professor Suraiya Rasheed. In March 2013, Holland and co-authors published a paper in "PLoS One" regarding microRNA in HIV genomes, titled "Identification of Human MicroRNA-Like Sequences Embedded within the Protein-Encoding Genes of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus". The original academic paper describes the use of computational molecular biological ("in silico") approaches to identify microRNA-like sequences in HIV. These sequences are suggested to have evolved to self-regulate survival of the virus in the host by evading its immune responses and thus influence the persistence, replication, and pathogenicity of HIV. Holland was awarded his Ph.D. in molecular biology during the USC Commencement on May 12, 2017.


title: Dexter Holland

text: In 2004, Holland launched his own brand of hot sauce, Gringo Bandito. The label depicts Holland with bandoliers, revolvers, a sombrero and shades, a design that OC Weekly magazine described as parodying the logo for Tapatío hot sauce or Pancho Villa. Holland, who grew up in Southern California where Mexican cuisine is considered a "part of the way of life", wondered "if [he] could do [a hot sauce] better".


title: Dexter Holland

text: On the conception of the hot sauce, Holland states that in the early 2000s, while eating Mexican food, he began to read the label of a bottle of Tapatío; "It just clicked that I had to make one. People who like hot sauce are a certain type of people. They're passionate. They'll have a bottle with them wherever they go. I'm one of those people. And when I'm into something, I really get into it. It's like my music—I liked records, so I learned how to play a guitar. After that? A band."


title: Dexter Holland

text: It has sold over a million bottles and is available in over 500 restaurants and 7,000 stores, including being a top-ranked hot sauce on Amazon.


title: Dexter Holland

text: The headquarters for Gringo Bandito are located in a Huntington Beach industrial park, next to the Offspring's recording studio.


title: Dexter Holland

text: In 1997, Holland and former Dead Kennedys singer Jello Biafra teamed up to form the F.S.U. Foundation, which raised funds through charity concerts. The foundation organized benefit shows to raise money for various charities including AIDS Project Los Angeles, Poor People's United Fund, Trees Foundation, and Amnesty International.


title: Dexter Holland

text: Holland participated in the 2006 and 2008 Los Angeles Marathon; his charity of choice was the Innocence Project, a non-profit legal clinic that handles legal cases where post-conviction DNA testing of evidence can yield conclusive proof of innocence.


title: Dexter Holland

text: Holland was married to hairstylist Kristine Luna. She co-wrote the song "Session" from the "Ignition" album and also appears in the Offspring music video "I Choose." Holland and Luna met in 1992, married in 1995, and divorced in 2012. He married Amber Sasse in 2013.


title: Dexter Holland

text: Holland has a daughter, Alexa Holland, from a previous relationship. She goes by the stage name Lex Land and is a singer-songwriter.


title: Dexter Holland

text: Holland is also an avid collector of stamps from the Isle of Man. Other hobbies include surfing, as seen in the "Da Hui" music video.


title: Dexter Holland

text: All of Holland's Ibanez RG body guitars are made out of mahogany and fitted with DiMarzio Super Distortion bridge pickups. During their latest recordings, Holland used a vintage Gibson SG Junior. He plays through a Mesa Boogie Dual Rectifier.


title: Dexter Holland

text: Holland appears on all ten of the Offspring's studio albums. For a comprehensive list, see The Offspring discography.


title: Sarah Brightman

text: Sarah Brightman (born 14 August 1960) is an English classical crossover soprano singer, actress and dancer.


title: Sarah Brightman

text: Brightman began her career as a member of the dance troupe Hot Gossip and released several disco singles as a solo performer. In 1981, she made her West End musical theatre debut in "Cats" and met composer Andrew Lloyd Webber, whom she later married. She went on to star in several West End and Broadway musicals, including "The Phantom of the Opera", where she originated the role of Christine Daaé. Her original London cast album of "Phantom" was released in CD format in 1987 and sold 40 million copies worldwide, making it the biggest-selling cast album ever.


title: Sarah Brightman

text: After retiring from the stage and divorcing Lloyd Webber, Brightman resumed her music career with former Enigma producer Frank Peterson, this time as a classical crossover artist. She has been credited as the creator and remains among the most prominent performers of this genre, with worldwide sales of more than 25 million albums and two million DVDs, establishing herself as the world's best-selling soprano.


title: Sarah Brightman

text: Brightman's 1996 duet with the Italian tenor Andrea Bocelli, "Time to Say Goodbye", topped the charts all over Europe and became the highest and fastest-selling single of all time in Germany, where it stayed at the top of the charts for 14 consecutive weeks and sold over three million copies. It subsequently became an international success, selling 12 million copies worldwide, making it one of the best-selling singles of all-time. She has collected over 200 gold and platinum record awards in 38 countries. In 2010, she was named by "Billboard" the fifth most influential and best-selling classical artist of the 2000s decade in the US and according to Nielsen SoundScan, she has sold 6.5 million albums in the country.


title: Sarah Brightman

text: Brightman is the first artist to have been invited twice to perform the theme song at the Olympic Games, first at the 1992 Barcelona Olympic Games where she sang "Amigos Para Siempre" with the Spanish tenor José Carreras with an estimated global audience of a billion people, and 16 years later in 2008 in Beijing, this time with Chinese singer Liu Huan, performing the song "You and Me" to an estimated four billion people worldwide.


title: Sarah Brightman

text: In 2012, Brightman was appointed as the UNESCO Artist for Peace for the period 2012–2014, for her "commitment to humanitarian and charitable causes, her contribution, throughout her artistic career, to the promotion of cultural dialogue and the exchanges among cultures, and her dedication to the ideals and aims of the Organization". Since 2010, Brightman has been Panasonic's global brand ambassador.


title: Sarah Brightman

text: In 2014, she began training for a space tourism journey to the International Space Station, later postponed until further notice, citing personal reasons. Brightman was given a knighthood in the Order of Merit of the Italian Republic, with the honorific Cavaliere, on 2 June 2016 and an honorary doctorate from the University of Hertfordshire in 2018, in recognition of her outstanding contributions to music and theatre.


title: Sarah Brightman

text: Brightman is the eldest of six children of businessman Grenville Geoffrey Brightman (1934–1992) and Paula Brightman, née Hall. Her younger siblings are Nicola, Claudia, Jay, Joel, and Amelia (aka Violet). She was brought up in Little Gaddesden near Berkhamsted, Hertfordshire, England. At the age of three she began taking dance and piano classes. She


title: Sarah Brightman

text: then went on to perform in local festivals and competitions. At age 11, she successfully auditioned for the Tring Park School for the Performing Arts, a school specialising in performing arts.


title: Sarah Brightman

text: She received her education at Elmhurst Ballet School, Birmingham, the Arts Educational School in Chiswick, West London, and the Royal College of Music.


title: Sarah Brightman

text: In 1973, at the age of 13, Brightman made her theatrical debut in the musical "I and Albert" at the Piccadilly Theatre, London, playing one of Queen Victoria's daughters (Victoria).


title: Sarah Brightman

text: In 1976 she was recruited into Arlene Phillips' troupe Hot Gossip in 1977. The group had a disco hit in 1978 with "I Lost My Heart to a Starship Trooper", which sold half a million and reached number six on the UK charts. She was also briefly with Pan's People after they parted with their host show Top of the Pops in 1976. Brightman, now solo, released more disco singles under her own label, Whisper Records, such as "Not Having That!" and a cover of the song "My Boyfriend's Back". In 1979, Brightman appeared on the soundtrack of the film "The World Is Full of Married Men" and sang the song "Madam Hyde".


title: Sarah Brightman

text: In 1981, Brightman auditioned for the new musical "Cats", by composer Andrew Lloyd Webber, and was cast as Jemima. After a year in "Cats", Brightman took over from Bonnie Langford as Kate in "The Pirates of Penzance" at the Drury Lane Theatre, London, and appeared as Tara Treetops in "Masquerade", a musical based on Kit Williams's book of the same title. In that year she left to play the title role in Charles Strouse's children's opera, "Nightingale".


title: Sarah Brightman

text: Enticed by a rave review, Webber went to watch her in the show one evening and was greatly impressed by her performance. Though she had appeared in his musical "Cats", Webber had not previously singled Brightman out as a great talent. The two married in 1984, and Brightman appeared in Lloyd Webber's subsequent musicals including "The Phantom of the Opera" and "Song and Dance", as well as the mass Requiem, which was written and composed for Lloyd Webber's father.


title: Sarah Brightman

text: In 1985, Brightman's recording of "Pie Jesu" was a strong commercial success, selling 25,000 copies on the first day of release and peaking at number 3, despite the lyrics being in Latin. With classical music permeating the Lloyd Webber household (Brightman was in heavy operatic training at the time), Lloyd Webber was moved to write the Requiem Mass as a tribute to his father. Its Manhattan premiere, starring Plácido Domingo and Brightman, was filmed by the BBC and PBS for later broadcast. The LP eventually became UK's top selling classical album of the year and earned Brightman a Grammy nomination as Best New Classical Artist.


title: Sarah Brightman

text: Brightman starred as Christine Daaé in Lloyd Webber's adaptation of "The Phantom of the Opera". The role of Christine was written specifically for her. Lloyd Webber refused to open "The Phantom of the Opera" on Broadway unless Brightman played Christine. Initially, the American Actors' Equity Association balked, because of their policy that any non-American performer must be an international star. Lloyd Webber had to cast an American in a leading role in his next West End musical before Equity would allow Brightman to appear (a promise he kept in casting "Aspects of Love"). In the end, it was a compromise that was successful. "Phantom" received $17 million in advance sales prior to opening night on 26 January 1988. The original cast album was the first in British musical history to enter the music charts at number one. Album sales now exceed forty million worldwide—the biggest selling cast album of all time—and has gone six times platinum in the United States, twice platinum in the UK, nine times platinum in Germany, four times platinum in the Netherlands, 11 times platinum in Korea and 31 times platinum in Taiwan. Despite the success both in London and on Broadway, Brightman received mostly negative reception from critics for her performance and was not nominated for Best Lead Actress in a Musical at the Tony Awards. While some reviewers praised Brightman for her singing, her acting was widely criticized.


title: Sarah Brightman

text: After leaving "Phantom," she performed in a tour of Lloyd Webber's music throughout England, Canada and the United States, and performed Requiem in the Soviet Union. Studio recordings from this time include the single "Anything But Lonely" from "Aspects of Love" and two solo albums: the 1988 album "The Trees They Grow So High," a collection of folk songs accompanied by piano, and the 1989 album "The Songs That Got Away," a compilation of obscure musical theatre songs from shows by such composers as Irving Berlin and Stephen Sondheim. Brightman also sang the song "Make Believe" during the credits of the children's film "Grandpa"; Howard Blake composed the music and wrote the lyrics.


title: Sarah Brightman

text: She was a subject of the television programme "This Is Your Life" in 1989 when she was surprised by Michael Aspel at RAF Wittering in Lincolnshire.


title: Sarah Brightman

text: By 1990, Brightman and Lloyd Webber had separated. After their highly publicized divorce, Brightman played the lead in Lloyd Webber's "Aspects" in London opposite Michael Praed, before transferring to Broadway. Her subsequent solo album, "As I Came of Age," was an eclectic collection of folk-rock and musical theatre songs that Brightman herself chose.


title: Sarah Brightman

text: In 1992, Brightman performed with José Carreras at the Barcelona Olympic Games singing the theme song "Amigos Para Siempre" ("Friends Forever") to a worldwide audience of 3 billion people. Following the appearance, Brightman pursued solo recording, and inspired by the German band Enigma, she requested to work with one of its members, Frank Peterson. Their first release together was "Dive" (1993), a water-themed pop album that featured "Captain Nemo", a cover of a song by the Swedish electronica band Dive. The album received her first Gold award in Canada.


title: Sarah Brightman

text: Brightman and Peterson's second collaboration yielded the pop rock album, "Fly" (1995) with the single "A Question of Honor"—a mélange of electronic, rock, classical strings and excerpts from the Alfredo Catalani opera "La Wally". The song and the video were introduced at the World Boxing Championship match between Germany's Henry Maske and Graciano Rocchigiani.


title: Sarah Brightman

text: In 1997, Brightman released the album "Timeless/Time to Say Goodbye". It remains as Brightman's biggest-selling album. It went gold, platinum and/or multi-platinum in 21 countries, selling over 1.4 million copies in the US, and topped the "Billboard" Top Classical Crossover Albums chart in the US for 35 weeks. The lead single from the album, "Time to Say Goodbye", was the second song that Brightman debuted at the World Boxing Championship in Germany. This duet with tenor Andrea Bocelli became an international hit and sold more than 3 million copies in Germany. The album eventually sold over 12 million copies worldwide.


title: Sarah Brightman

text: In March 1998, Brightman produced her first own PBS special, at the Royal Albert Hall. The same year, Brightman starred in "A Gala Christmas in Vienna" alongside Plácido Domingo, Helmut Lotti and Riccardo Cocciante singing traditional Christmas carols. On 7 April 1998 she was one of the guest stars in Andrew Lloyd Webber's 50th birthday celebration singing "Hosanna" with Dennis O'Neill, The Phantom of the Opera's title song with Antonio Banderas, "All I Ask of You" with Michael Ball and "Music of the Night", both also from "Phantom of the Opera".


title: Sarah Brightman

text: With the success of "Timeless", Brightman released her next album, "Eden" in 1998. She personally selected each song and convinced the Italian composer Ennio Morricone to let her set lyrics to one of his film compositions, ""Gabriel's Oboe"" from the film "The Mission" resulting in "Nella Fantasia". The album, unlike "Time to Say Goodbye", incorporated more pop music elements. Reviews were mixed – LAUNCHcast deemed "Eden" "deliriously sappy", while Allmusic called "Eden" "a winning combination". "Eden" reached No. 1 on the US "Billboard" Top Classical Crossover Albums chart and No. 65 on the "Billboard" 200 chart and was certified Gold in the United States.


title: Sarah Brightman

text: In 2000, "La Luna" was released. For this album, Brightman chose songs drawing on pop, vintage jazz, and high opera, in homages to Dvořák, Beethoven and Billie Holiday. "La Luna" reached No. 1 on the US "Billboard" Top Internet Albums and peaked at No. 17 on the "Billboard" 200 chart, becoming Brightman's second highest-selling album in the United States with sales of 900,000 and reaching Gold certification. It became her biggest-selling album in Asia, with a quintuple platinum certification in Taiwan.


title: Sarah Brightman

text: At her 2000 PBS La Luna concert, Brightman sang "There for Me" in a duet with an up-and-coming star, Josh Groban. At the end of 2001, "Billboard" magazine noted Brightman as the most important classical crossover artist from the United Kingdom.


title: Sarah Brightman

text: In 2001, Brightman released "Classics", an anthology including highlights from three of Brightman's chart-topping releases along with seven new tracks; this was released worldwide except Europe. In the US the album peaked at No. 66 on the "Billboard" 200 chart and went Gold. In Canada it peaked at No. 9 and was certified Platinum; and in Japan, "Classics" became Brightman's most successful release at the time with 300,000 units sold and reaching Platinum status.


title: Sarah Brightman

text: Her 2003 album "Harem" represented another departure: a Middle Eastern-themed album influenced by dance music. On "Harem", Brightman collaborated with artists such as Ofra Haza and Iraqi singer Kazem al-Saher. Nigel Kennedy contributed violin tracks to the songs "Free" and "The War is Over" and Jaz Coleman contributed arrangements.


title: Sarah Brightman

text: The album peaked at No. 29 on the "Billboard" 200 chart, No. 1 on the "Billboard" Top Classical Crossover Albums chart, No. 1 on the Swedish Album Chart, and yielded a No. 1 dance/club single with the remix of the title track. Some time later, another single from the album (the ballad "Free", cowritten with Sophie B. Hawkins) became a second Top-10 hit on this chart.


title: Sarah Brightman

text: The albums "Eden", "La Luna" and "Harem" were accompanied by live world tours which incorporated the theatricality of her stage origins. Brightman acknowledged this in an interview, saying, "They're incredibly complicated...[but also] natural. I know what works, what doesn't work, all the old tricks". In both 2000 and 2001, Brightman was among the top 10 most popular British performers in the US, with concert sales grossing $7.2 million from 34 shows in 2000 and over $5 million from 21 shows in 2001.


title: Sarah Brightman

text: In 2004, the Harem World Tour grossed $60 million and sold 700,000 tickets, $15 million and 225,000 sales of which came from the North American leg, although with ticket prices raised 30% from previous tours, average sales per venue were up 65%. In North America, Harem tour promoters Clear Channel Entertainment (now Live Nation) took the unusual step of advertising to theatre subscribers, in an effort to reach fans of Brightman's Broadway performances, and also sold VIP tickets, at $750 each, which included on-stage seating during the concert and a backstage pass. Tour reviews were mixed: one critic from the "New York Times" called the La Luna tour "not so much divine but post-human" and "unintentionally disturbing: a beautiful argument of emptiness."


title: Sarah Brightman

text: Television specials on PBS were produced for nearly every Brightman album in the US; a director of marketing has credited these as her number-one source of exposure in the country. Her concert for "Eden" was among PBS's highest-grossing pledge events.


title: Sarah Brightman

text: Brightman released a DVD collection of her music videos on 3 October 2006 under the title of "". "" is the accompanying CD, released on the same date. The album marked the first time Brightman released a greatest hits album in the United States; it reached No. 1 on the "Billboard" Top Classical Crossover Albums chart.


title: Sarah Brightman

text: In Japan, the album debuted and peaked at No. 2 with 77,000 copies sold on its first week of release, and became Japan's biggest-selling classical album of 2007. Subsequently, it was Japan's fifteenth best-selling international album of the 2000s decade. By 2008, the album achieved a Double-Platinum certification. With "Diva", Brightman was also South Korea's best-selling international artist of 2010 as the album topped the international charts all throughout the year. "Diva" was certified Quintuple Platinum and its digital single, "Nella Fantasia" sold over 2 million units. Other releases in Europe were "The Very Best of 1990–2000" and "".


title: Sarah Brightman

text: On 1 July 2007, Brightman appeared at the Concert for Diana held at Wembley Stadium, London, an event organised to celebrate the life of Princess Diana of Wales, where she sang "All I Ask of You" from "The Phantom of the Opera" with Josh Groban. Around 15 million people across the UK watched "Concert for Diana" at home, and it was broadcast to over 500 million homes in 140 countries. On 7 July 2007 Brightman performed four songs ("Nessun Dorma", "La Luna", "Nella Fantasia" and "Time to Say Goodbye") at the Live Earth Concert Series, and debuted her single "Running" at the 2007 IAAF Championships in Osaka, Japan. In this period Brightman also recorded a duet with Anne Murray singing "Snowbird", which was included on Murray's 2007 album "".


title: Sarah Brightman

text: On 29 January 2008, Brightman released her first album in five years: "Symphony", influenced by gothic music. In the United States, it became Brightman's most successful chart entry and also her highest ranked album on "Billboard"'s "Top 200 Albums". It was also a No. 1 album on two other "Billboard" charts: "Top Internet Albums" and "Top Classical Crossover Albums". The album moved there 32,033 copies in first week, according to Nielsen Soundscan. The album was a top 5 release in China, Taiwan, Canada, Mexico and Japan and a top 20 across Europe.


title: Sarah Brightman

text: Featured on the album were artists Andrea Bocelli, Fernando Lima, and KISS vocalist Paul Stanley, who duets with Brightman on "I Will Be with You", the album version of the theme song to the tenth Pokémon motion picture, "" ("Pokémon: The Rise of Darkrai"). On 16 January 2008, she also appeared in concert at Vienna's Stephansdom Cathedral, performing songs from her new album. Special guests who sang duets with Brightman include Italian tenor Alessandro Safina, Argentinean countertenor Fernando Lima, and British singer Chris Thompson.


title: Sarah Brightman

text: Brightman performed "Pie Jesu" and "There You'll Be" at the United States Memorial Day concert on 25 May 2008 held on the west lawn of the United States Capitol in Washington, D.C. The show was broadcast live on PBS before a concert audience of 300,000, as well as to American troops serving around the world on the American Forces Radio and Television Network. Brightman made her feature film debut as Blind Mag in the rock musical film "Repo! The Genetic Opera" which was released on 7 November 2008. Brightman was cast in the film at the last minute after the original actress who was cast for the role was dropped.


title: Sarah Brightman

text: On 8 August 2008, Brightman sang the Olympic theme song, "You and Me", with Chinese star Liu Huan in both Mandarin and English at the Beijing Olympics opening ceremony. The performance was broadcast to over five billion viewers. In the 26 hours after the performance, "You and Me" was downloaded 5.7 million times.


title: Sarah Brightman

text: Brightman released her first holiday album, entitled "A Winter Symphony" on 4 November 2008. The album debuted at number No. 38 on the "Billboard" 200 and scored a number six in the Top Holiday Albums. The album was composed of an array of Christmas favourites including "Silent Night" and "In the Bleak Midwinter". Also featured are a duet in "Ave Maria" with Mexican Tenor Fernando Lima, covers of pop tracks including ABBA's instrumental song "Arrival" plus a rendition of Neil Diamond's, "I've Been this Way Before".


title: Sarah Brightman

text: To accompany "Symphony" and "A Winter Symphony", Brightman embarked on a tour in Autumn 2008; "The Symphony World Tour", that included virtual and holographic stage sets.


title: Sarah Brightman

text: In response to persistent calls for a global release of the concert, EMI Music launched worldwide the PBS special which featured Brightman's performance at Vienna's St. Stephen's Cathedral on 16 January 2008, in both audio and visual formats. The Symphony—Live in Vienna television special debuted on PBS in March 2008 during the network's spring pledge drive and aired throughout the month. "Symphony: Live in Vienna" was listed as the thirteenth best-selling album of the year in Mexico.


title: Sarah Brightman

text: The music of Brightman was featured in the film "Amarufi: Megami no hôshû" (international title: ""), which was a special production to mark Fuji Television's 50th anniversary, the first Japanese film to be shot entirely on location in Italy. In conjunction with the release of the film "Amalfi", Brightman released only in Japan an album titled "Amalfi – Sarah Brightman Love Songs" which reached Gold status and was Japan's best-selling classical album of 2009. At the end of the year, Brightman was the seventh best selling international artist in Japan.


title: Sarah Brightman

text: Brightman performed "The Concert of the Pyramid" at the archaeological site of Chichen Itza, a UNESCO World Heritage Site and one of the New Seven Wonders of the World. One year later, in 2010, Brightman continued touring Asia with five performances in Tokyo alone, followed by presentations in Kanazawa, Nagoya, Osaka in Japan, Macau in China and Seoul in South Korea.


title: Sarah Brightman

text: On 3 November 2010, Brightman was invited to sing at the Tōdai-ji Buddhist temple complex located in the city of Nara, Japan. The temple is a listed UNESCO World Heritage Site as one of the "Historic Monuments of Ancient Nara". The concert was recorded and later broadcast nationwide by TBS network.


title: Sarah Brightman

text: In early 2012, Brightman received the UNESCO Artist for Peace Award for her "commitment to humanitarian and charitable causes, her contribution, throughout her artistic career, to the promotion of cultural dialogue and the exchanges among cultures, and her dedication to the ideals and aims of the Organization". She was also appointed as Panasonic's global brand ambassador, and is the face of Panasonic's strategic partnership agreement with the UNESCO World Heritage Centre as she starred in their joint campaign, "The World Heritage Special," that was aired on the National Geographic Channel worldwide.


title: Sarah Brightman

text: On 10 October 2012, Brightman hosted a press conference in Moscow announcing her intention to become a space tourist on a future orbital spaceflight mission to the International Space Station (ISS) in partnership with Space Adventures, Ltd., a private space experiences company. Brightman was to have paid around £34 million for the trip, which she said she had paid herself.


title: Sarah Brightman

text: On 16 April 2013, Brightman's released her eleventh studio album, "Dreamchaser". The offering was inspired by her decision to become the first singer in outer space. This album was Brightman's first collaboration with producer Mike Hedges and Sally Herbert. It received acclaim from critics, many considering it Brightman's strongest work to date, and many pointed out the coherence of the song choices and the quality of Brightman's vocals. "Dreamchaser" was Brightman's first album to enter on the "Billboard" Independent Albums chart, became her seventh No. 1 album in the "Billboard" Top Classical Albums chart and made a strong debut in the "Billboard" 200 at No. 17 moving 20,358 copies on its first week of release.


title: Sarah Brightman

text: During the autumn season 2013, Brightman performed the Dreamchaser World Tour in Canada, Mexico, the United States, China, Japan, South Korea, Thailand, Hong Kong, Qatar, United Arab Emirates, Brazil, Chile, Argentina, Russia, Sweden, Ukraine, Latvia, Finland, Turkey and Bulgaria. The concert tour was very successful as it entered the list of the top-grossing tours in North America during the respective season. On 6 June, Brightman filmed a new PBS TV special entitled "Sarah Brightman: Dreamchaser in Concert" at Elstree Studios where she set up a competition so fans could have the chance of winning tickets to attend the exclusive filming. "Dreamchaser in Concert" aired on PBS on 3 August, with a setlist of twelve songs (plus two bonus songs) featuring both new songs and well-known favorites.


title: Sarah Brightman

text: On 13 May 2015, Brightman announced she had cancelled her trip to the International Space Station, citing family reasons. With her backup, Satoshi Takamatsu, also withdrawing from the flight, Kazakh cosmonaut Aidyn Aimbetov replaced Brightman on Soyuz TMA-18M.


title: Sarah Brightman

text: On 2 June 2016, Brightman was bestowed the Italian decoration 'Cavaliere' in the Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana by the Consul General of Italy, Francesco Genuardi. During the ceremony, Genuardi expressed, the motivation of Brightman's distinction: "Ms. Sarah Brightman who with her extraordinary voice and with her excellent music has contributed in an excellent way in spreading the Italian language and culture at a high level worldwide".


title: Sarah Brightman

text: The private ceremony was held on the occasion of the Festa della Repubblica Italiana (The Italian National Day) at the Consulate General of Italy in New York City.


title: Sarah Brightman

text: On 6 July 2016, Brightman released her eighth compilation album: "Gala – The Collection". This album was released exclusively on Japan in commemoration of the tour, . The concert tour would later add more destinations, presenting shows in other Asian countries, such as South Korea, China and Taiwan. Once finished in March 2017, Brightman had presented 25 shows in three different continents. During the same month, Brightman performed at Starmus 3 Festival in Tenerife, Canary Islands, in honour of Professor Stephen Hawking along with composer Hans Zimmer and Anathema.


title: Sarah Brightman

text: On 7 January 2017, Brightman presided over the naming ceremony as godmother of the Richard Branson's new 600-guest ship , the first of two new all-suite vessels for the company.


title: Sarah Brightman

text: On 27 March 2017, Brightman co-headlined the concert tour Royal Christmas Gala, along with Gregorian, Mario Frangoulis, Narcis Iustin Ianău, and Fernando Varela. The tour consisted of 23 European dates on the months of November and December of that same year, centered around the festive season.


title: Sarah Brightman

text: On 7 June, Brightman announced in Shanghai that she will be joining a team of celebrity judges on a musical theatre casting TV show. Judges will be searching for the first Chinese Phantom in 2020. The selected winner will not only perform on stage in the Chinese production of "The Phantom of the Opera", but will possibly also appear in London's West End or the New York City Broadway production as well.


title: Sarah Brightman

text: On 10 September, she was awarded an honorary Doctorate from the University of Hertfordshire, in recognition of her outstanding contributions to music and theatre.


title: Sarah Brightman

text: On 17 September 2018, Brightman announced her fifteenth full-length album "Hymn", which was released on 9 November 2018 under Decca Gold/ Universal Music Group. The following week, on 16 November, the digital single "Miracle (Sarah's Version)", composed by Japanese rock star Yoshiki, was released, reaching the top 10 on iTunes classical music charts in 15 countries. In addition to the new album, Brightman announced a world tour, which began in South America in November 2018 and included 125 shows across five continents throughout 2019, concluding with her return to London's Royal Albert Hall for the first time over 20 years, with guest performers from the "Hymn" album Narcis, Vincent Niclo, and Yoshiki.


title: Sarah Brightman

text: Brightman underwent vocal training first with Elizabeth Hawes, head of the Trinity Music College in London, and later with Ellen Faull of Juilliard. She studies with voice teacher David Romano. According to Brightman, her voice can reach an F6.


title: Sarah Brightman

text: What is amazing about Sarah is that she has two voices, really. She can produce a pop, contemporary sound, but she can also blossom out into a light lyric soprano. The soprano part of her voice can go up to a F6 above her known E6. She doesn't sing it full out, but it is there. Of course, she has to dance while she is singing some of the time, so it's all the more extraordinary.


title: Sarah Brightman

text: She sometimes uses her pop and classical voices in the same song. One example is "Anytime, Anywhere" from "Eden", a song based on Albinoni's Adagio in G minor. In the song, she starts out in classical voice, switches to pop voice temporarily, and finishes with her classical voice. Another example is heard in the Lions Gate film "Repo! The Genetic Opera", during the songs "Chase The Morning" and "Chromaggia" by her character, Blind Mag.


title: Sarah Brightman

text: Brightman's music is generally classified as classical crossover. According to Manhattan Records GM Ian Ralfini, she is largely responsible for the popularity of the genre. In a 2000 interview with "People", Brightman dismissed the classical crossover label as "horrible" but stated she understood people's need to categorise music. Her personal influences include 1960s and 1970s musicians and artists such as David Bowie and Pink Floyd, and she incorporates aspects of genres from pop/rock to classical. Her work has also been compared to that of Madonna, Cher and Celine Dion. The material on her albums ranges from versions of opera arias from composers such as Puccini (on "Harem", "Eden", and "Timeless"), to pop songs by artists such as Kansas ("Dust in the Wind" on "Eden"), Dido ("Here with Me" on "La Luna"), and Procol Harum ("A Whiter Shade of Pale" on "La Luna"). She sings in many languages which are English, Spanish, French, Latin, Italian and Japanese.


title: Sarah Brightman

text: At age 18, in 1979, Brightman married Andrew Graham-Stewart, who at that time managed the German band Tangerine Dream. She later met Andrew Lloyd Webber when she performed in "Cats". In 1983, Brightman divorced Graham-Stewart and later that same year, Lloyd Webber divorced his first wife, Sarah Hugill, with whom he had two children. Lloyd Webber and Brightman married on 22 March 1984 and their relationship quickly became the subject of intense media and tabloid scrutiny until their divorce in 1990. They are on friendly terms; in 2006, at the 20th London anniversary of "The Phantom of the Opera", Lloyd Webber called Brightman a "wonderful woman" and "absolutely beloved mentor", and she performed at the 25th anniversary of the musical in 2011. He appeared as a special guest in her at the Royal Albert Hall in London.


title: Sarah Brightman

text: Brightman had a 10-year relationship with Frank Peterson, during which they tried and were unsuccessful in having children. In a 2006 interview with British magazine "Hello!", she said motherhood would have been "lovely" but accepted that she would never have a child.


title: Sarah Brightman

text: On 8 February 2012, Brightman accepted the UNESCO nomination to be an "Artist for Peace" Ambassador. Additionally, she is actively engaged in Panasonic's UNESCO World Heritage Centre endeavours, and stars in their "The World Heritage Special" campaign.


title: Sarah Brightman

text: In 2012, in conjunction with Virgin Galactic, the Brightman STEM Scholarship program (science, technology, engineering and mathematics) was launched. It will help young women in the US pursue STEM education across their four-year college careers.


title: Sarah Brightman

text: On 27 June 2013, the Reignwood Group announced at the Beijing Theatre that Brightman would be a promotional ambassador for its 10 Trinity Square, a landmark in the Reignwood Group's global expansion, in London for the next four years. This is the second time for the group to cooperate with an influential artist, the first being with tenor Plácido Domingo, in 2008.


title: Sarah Brightman

text: In November 2013, Brightman donated US$533,000 to those affected by Hurricane Ingrid in the Mexican state of Guerrero—the entire profit from her sold-out show in Mexico City on 13 November 2013.


title: Sarah Brightman

text: On 30 October 2013, Brightman announced through the media that she was honoured to be part of the Advisory Council for the Challenger Center, the non-profit science, technology, engineering and maths (STEM) education organisation, stating "[t]hrough my partnership with the Challenger Center, I hope to inspire in children the same wonder and excitement for space exploration that I feel myself." Challenger Center and its network of more than 40 Challenger Learning Centers engage students in hands-on experiences that strengthen knowledge in science, technology, engineering and maths (STEM) and inspire students to pursue careers in these important fields.


title: Sarah Brightman

text: In April 2014, Brightman participated as an orchestra director in Parkinson's UK "Symfunny" at the Royal Albert Hall 4 June, with the aim of finding a cure for the disease.


title: Sarah Brightman

text: In July 2015, the inaugural Andrew Lloyd Webber Foundation Sarah Brightman Music Scholarships were also awarded to their first recipients. The scholarships will support students in their postgraduate studies at the Royal Northern College of Music on the two-year Master of Music Programme.


title: Sarah Brightman

text: Brightman was awarded the decoration 'Cavaliere' in the Order of Merit of the Italian Republic on 2 June 2016.


title: Pho

text: Phở or pho (, , ; ) is a Vietnamese soup dish consisting of broth, rice noodles (), herbs, and meat (usually beef (), sometimes chicken ()). Phở is a popular food in Vietnam where it is served in households, street stalls and restaurants countrywide. Nam Định people were the first to create Vietnamese traditional phở. Phở is considered Vietnam's national dish.


title: Pho

text: Phở originated in the early 20th century in Northern Vietnam, and was popularized throughout the world by refugees after the Vietnam War. Because phở's origins are poorly documented, there is disagreement over the cultural influences that led to its development in Vietnam, as well as the etymology of the name. The Hanoi (northern) and Saigon (southern) styles of pho differ by noodle width, sweetness of broth, and choice of herbs and sauce.


title: Pho

text: Phở likely evolved from similar noodle dishes. For example, villagers in say they ate phở long before the French colonial period. The modern form emerged between 1900 and 1907 in northern Vietnam, southeast of Hanoi in Nam Định Province, then a substantial textile market. The traditional home of phở is reputed to be the villages of and (or ) in Đông Xuân commune, Nam Trực District, Nam Định Province.


title: Pho

text: Cultural historian and researcher Trịnh Quang Dũng believes that the popularization and origins of modern pho stemmed from the intersection of several historical and cultural factors in the early 20th century. These include improved availability of beef due to French demand, which in turn produced beef bones that were purchased by Chinese workers to make into a dish similar to phở called . The demand for this dish was initially the greatest with workers from the provinces of Yunnan and Guangdong, who had an affinity for the dish due to its similarities to that of their homeland, which eventually popularized and familiarized this dish with the general population.


title: Pho

text: Phở was originally sold at dawn and dusk by itinerant street vendors, who shouldered mobile kitchens on carrying poles (). From the pole hung two wooden cabinets, one housing a cauldron over a wood fire, the other storing noodles, spices, cookware, and space to prepare a bowl of phở. The heavy was always shouldered by men. They kept their heads warm with distinctive felt hats called .


title: Pho

text: Hanoi's first two fixed phở stands were a Vietnamese-owned Cát Tường on Cầu Gỗ Street and a Chinese-owned stand in front of Bờ Hồ tram stop. They were joined in 1918 by two more on Quạt Row and Đồng Row. Around 1925, a Vân Cù villager named Vạn opened the first "Nam Định style" pho stand in Hanoi. declined in number around 1936–1946 in favor of stationary eateries.


title: Pho

text: In the late 1920s, various vendors experimented with , sesame oil, tofu, and even "Lethocerus indicus" extract (). This "" failed to enter the mainstream.


title: Pho

text: , served with rare beef, had been introduced by 1930. Chicken pho appeared in 1939, possibly because beef was not sold at the markets on Mondays and Fridays at the time.


title: Pho

text: With the partition of Vietnam in 1954, over a million people fled North Vietnam for South Vietnam. Phở, previously unpopular in the South, suddenly became popular. No longer confined to northern culinary traditions, variations in meat and broth appeared, and additional garnishes, such as lime, mung bean sprouts (), culantro (), cinnamon basil (), Hoisin sauce (), and hot Sriracha sauce () became standard fare. also began to rival fully cooked in popularity. Migrants from the North similarly popularized sandwiches.


title: Pho

text: Meanwhile, in North Vietnam, private phở restaurants were nationalized () and began serving phở noodles made from old rice. Street vendors were forced to use noodles made of imported potato flour. Officially banned as capitalism, these vendors prized portability, carrying their wares on and setting out plastic stools for customers.


title: Pho

text: During the so-called following the Vietnam War, state-owned pho eateries served a meatless variety of the dish known as pilotless pho (), in reference to the U.S. Air Force's s. The broth consisted of boiled water with MSG added for taste, as there were often shortages on various foodstuffs like meat and rice during that period. Bread or cold rice was often served as a side dish, leading to the present-day practice of dipping in pho.


title: Pho

text: Pho eateries were privatized as part of Đổi Mới. Many street vendors must still maintain a light footprint to evade police enforcing the street tidiness rules that replaced the ban on private ownership.


title: Pho

text: In the aftermath of the Vietnam War, Vietnamese refugees brought pho to many countries. Restaurants specializing in phở appeared in numerous Asian enclaves and Little Saigons, such as in Paris and in major cities in the United States, Canada and Australia. In 1980, the first of hundreds of phở restaurants opened in the Little Saigon in Orange County, California.


title: Pho

text: In the United States, phở began to enter the mainstream during the 1990s, as relations between the U.S. and Vietnam improved. At that time Vietnamese restaurants began opening quickly in Texas and California, spreading rapidly along the Gulf and West Coasts, as well as the East Coast and the rest of the country. During the 2000s, phở restaurants in the United States generated US$500 million in annual revenue, according to an unofficial estimate. Phở can now be found in cafeterias at many college and corporate campuses, especially on the West Coast.


title: Pho

text: The word "pho" was added to the "Shorter Oxford English Dictionary" in 2007. Phở is listed at number 28 on "World's 50 most delicious foods" compiled by "CNN Go" in 2011. The Vietnamese Embassy in Mexico celebrated Phở Day on April 3, 2016, with Osaka Prefecture holding a similar commemoration the following day. Phở has been adopted by other Southeast Asian cuisines, including Lao and Hmong cuisine. It sometimes appears as "Phô" on menus in Australia.


title: Pho

text: Reviews of 19th and 20th century Vietnamese literature have found that pho entered the mainstream sometime in the 1910s. Georges Dumoutier's extensive 1907 account of Vietnamese cuisine omits any mention of phở, while Nguyễn Công Hoan recalls its sale by street vendors in 1913. A 1931 dictionary is the first to define as a soup: "from the word . A dish consisting of small slices of rice cake boiled with beef."


title: Pho

text: Possibly the earliest English-language reference to pho was in the book "Recipes of All Nations", edited by Countess Morphy in 1935: In the book, pho is described as "an Annamese soup held in high esteem ... made with beef, a veal bone, onions, a bayleaf, salt, and pepper, and a small teaspoon of "nuoc-mam" (fish sauce)".""


title: Pho

text: There are two prevailing theories on the origin of the word and, by extension, the dish itself. As author Nguyễn Dư notes, both questions are significant to Vietnamese identity.


title: Pho

text: French settlers commonly ate beef, whereas Vietnamese traditionally ate pork and chicken and used cattle as beasts of burden. Gustave Hue (1937) equates to the French beef stew (literally, "pot on the fire"). Accordingly, Western sources generally maintain that is derived from in both name and substance. However, several scholars dispute this etymology on the basis of the stark differences between the two dishes. Another suggestion of a separate origin is that phở in French has long been pronounced rather than : in Jean Tardieu's "Lettre de Hanoï à Roger Martin Du Gard" (1928), a soup vendor cries "Pho-ô!" in the street.


title: Pho

text: Many Hanoians explain that the word derives from French soldiers' ordering "" (fire) from , referring to both the steam rising from a bowl of phở and the wood fire seen glowing from a in the evening.


title: Pho

text: Food historian Erica J. Peters argues that the French have embraced phở in a way that overlooks its origins as a local improvisation, reinforcing "an idea that the French brought modern ingenuity to a traditionalist Vietnam".


title: Pho

text: Hue and Eugèn Gouin (1957) both define by itself as an abbreviation of . Elucidating on the 1931 dictionary, Gouin and Lê Ngọc Trụ (1970) both give as a corruption of (), which was commonly sold by Chinese immigrants in Hanoi. ( is an allophone of in some northern dialects of Vietnamese.)


title: Pho

text: Some scholars argue that phở (the dish) evolved from , a Vietnamese dish common in Hanoi at the turn of the century. Originally eaten by commoners near the Red River, it consisted of stir-fried strips of water buffalo meat served in broth atop rice vermicelli. Around 1908–1909, the shipping industry brought an influx of laborers. Vietnamese and Chinese cooks set up to serve them but later switched to inexpensive scraps of beef set aside by butchers who sold to the French. Chinese vendors advertised this by crying out, "Beef and noodles!" (). Eventually the street cry became "Meat and noodles!" (), with the last syllable elongated. Nguyễn Ngọc Bích suggests that the final "n" was eventually dropped because of the similar-sounding (). The French author Jean Marquet refers to the dish as "!" in his 1919 novel "Du village-à-la cité". This is likely what the Vietnamese poet Tản Đà calls "" in "" ("Gambling"), written around 1915–1917.


title: Pho

text: Phở uses a common Chinese Rice noodle called () which is believed to have originated in Shahe, Guangdong, China. The Cantonese also use the word () as well as () to describe "Phở". The two words share close approximation and could be a cognate of one another when considering varying regional and dialectical pronunciation differences.


title: Pho

text: Phở is served in a bowl with a specific cut of flat rice noodles in clear beef broth, with thin cuts of beef (steak, fatty flank, lean flank, brisket). Variations feature slow-cooked tendon, tripe, or meatballs in southern Vietnam. Chicken pho is made using the same spices as beef, but the broth is made using chicken bones and meat, as well as some internal organs of the chicken, such as the heart, the undeveloped eggs, and the gizzard.


title: Pho

text: When eating at phở stalls in Vietnam, customers are generally asked which parts of the beef they would like and how they want it done.


title: Pho

text: The thick dried rice noodle that is usually used is called , but some versions may be made with freshly made rice noodles called in Vietnamese or kuay tiao. These noodles are labeled on packaging as (fresh pho noodles) in Vietnamese, (fresh Chaozhou kuy teav) in Chinese, (Vietnamese rice noodle) in Korean, and (thin kuy teav) in Thai.


title: Pho

text: The pho noodle are usually medium-width, however, people from different region of Vietnam will prefer different widths.


title: Pho

text: The soup for beef phở is generally made by simmering beef bones, oxtails, flank steak, charred onion, charred ginger and spices. For a more intense flavor, the bones may still have beef on them. Chicken bones also work and produce a similar broth. Seasonings can include Saigon cinnamon or other kinds of cinnamon as alternatives (may use usually in stick form, sometimes in powder form in pho restaurant franchises overseas), star anise, roasted ginger, roasted onion, black cardamom, coriander seed, fennel seed, and clove. The broth takes several hours to make. For chicken phở, only the meat and bones of the chicken are used in place of beef and beef bone. The remaining spices remain the same, but the charred ginger can be omitted, since its function in beef phở is to subdue the quite strong smell of beef.


title: Pho

text: The spices, often wrapped in cheesecloth or a soaking bag to prevent them from floating all over the pot, usually contain cloves, star anise, coriander seed, fennel, cinnamon, black cardamom, ginger, and onion.


title: Pho

text: Careful cooks often roast ginger and onion over an open fire for about a minute before adding them to the stock, to bring out their full flavor. They also skim off all the impurities that float to the top while cooking; this is the key to a clear broth. (fish sauce) is added toward the end.


title: Pho

text: Vietnamese dishes are typically served with many greens, herbs, vegetables, and various other accompaniments, such as dipping sauces, hot and spicy pastes such as Sriracha, and a squeeze of lime or lemon juice; it may also be served with hoisin sauce. The dish is garnished with ingredients such as green onions, white onions, Thai basil (not to be confused with sweet basil), fresh Thai chili peppers, lemon or lime wedges, bean sprouts, and cilantro (coriander leaves) or culantro. Fish sauce, hoisin sauce, chili oil and hot chili sauce (such as Sriracha sauce) may be added to taste as accompaniments.


title: Pho

text: Several ingredients not generally served with pho may be ordered by request. Extra-fatty broth ("nước béo") can be ordered and comes with scallions to sweeten it. A popular side dish ordered upon request is "hành dấm", or vinegared white onions.


title: Pho

text: The several regional variants of pho in Vietnam, particularly divided between "Northern phở" (') or "Hanoi phở" (phở Hà Nội), and "Southern phở" (phở Nam) or "Saigon pho" ('). Northern Vietnamese phở uses a savoury, clear broth, blanched whole green onion, and garnishes offered generally include only diced green onion and cilantro, pickled garlic, chili sauce and quẩy. On the other hand, southern Vietnamese phở broth is sweeter and cloudier, and is consumed with bean sprouts, fresh sliced chili, hoisin sauce and a greater variety of fresh herbs. Phở may be served with either phở noodles or kuy teav noodles (). The variations in meat, broth, and additional garnishes such as lime, bean sprouts, "ngò gai" (culantro), "húng quế" (Thai basil), and "tương đen" (hoisin sauce), "tương ớt" (chili sauce) appear to be innovations made by or introduced to the South. Another style of northern phở is Phở Nam Định from Nam Định city which uses more fish sauce in the broth and wider noodles. Other provincial variations exist where pho is served with delicacy meats other than beef or chicken such as duck, buffalo, goat or veal.


title: Pho

text: Vietnamese beef soup can also refer to , which is a spicy beef noodle soup, is associated with in central Vietnam.


title: Pho

text: Famous phở shops in Saigon included , , , , and . Pasteur Street () was a street famous for its beef phở, while Hien Vuong Street () was known for its chicken phở. At Phở Bình, American soldiers dined as Việt Cộng agents planned the Tết Offensive just upstairs. Nowadays in Ho Chi Minh City, well known restaurants include: Phở Hùng, Phở Hòa Pasteur and Phở 2000, which U.S. President Bill Clinton visited in 2000.


title: Pho

text: One of the largest phở chains in Vietnam is Pho 24, a subsidiary of Highlands Coffee, with 60 locations in Vietnam and 20 abroad.


title: Pho

text: The largest phở chain in the United States is Phở Hòa, which operates over 70 locations in seven countries. A similar restaurant named Pho 75 serves in the Washington, D.C. and Philadelphia, Pennsylvania areas in the United States. Numbers in the restaurant name are "lucky" numbers for the owners: culturally lucky numbers or to mark a date in Vietnam or their personal history.


title: Pho

text: Many phở restaurants in the United States and Canada offer oversized helpings with names such as "train phở" (), "airplane phở" (), or "California phở" (). Some restaurants have offered a phở eating challenge, with prizes for finishing as much as of phở in one sitting, or have auctioned special versions costing $5,000.


title: Heather Matarazzo

text: Heather Christina Marie Matarazzo (born November 10, 1982) is an American actress. Her breakthrough role was Dawn Wiener in the film "Welcome to the Dollhouse" (1995). She played Lilly in "The Princess Diaries" (2001) and "" (2004). Her other films include "The Devil's Advocate" (1997), "Scream 3" (2000), "Sorority Boys" (2002), "Saved!" (2004), and "Scream" (2022).


title: Heather Matarazzo

text: Matarazzo is of Irish descent; her biological father was Pat Corley from Knock, County Mayo. She was adopted and raised by the Matarazzos, a Catholic Italian-American family.


title: Heather Matarazzo

text: Matarazzo began acting at the age of six; after commandeering the microphone at an AIDS benefit for children, she was given the card of a talent manager, with whom she remained for 10 years.


title: Heather Matarazzo

text: In 1997, she won an Independent Spirit Award for her performance as adolescent social outcast Dawn Wiener in "Welcome to the Dollhouse". Matarazzo has expressed pleasure in being allowed to play interesting characters, some of whom "are ostracized for various reasons." She has commented that she is most proud of her performance in 1999's "Our Guys: Outrage in Glen Ridge", based on a true story, in which she played a mentally challenged girl who is raped by football players. In 1999 to 2000 she portrayed Heather Wiseman in the short-lived TV series, "Now and Again". In 2000 she appeared in the teen romantic comedy film "The Princess Diaries" as Lilly Moscovitz and reprised her role in the 2004 sequel "".


title: Heather Matarazzo

text: Matarazzo has made appearances on several hit TV shows including "Roseanne," "Law & Order," "The L Word," "Greys Anatomy" and "Strangers With Candy." Matarazzo starred opposite Thaao Penghlis in the world premiere of Charles Evered's play "Class" at Cape May Stage in Cape May, New Jersey in May and June 2010.


title: Heather Matarazzo

text: In 2011, Matarazzo announced that she would begin working on her directorial debut, a television series to be based on a memoir by author Diane Hanks, titled "Summer Camp: A Memoir."


title: Heather Matarazzo

text: In 2004, at the age of 21, Matarazzo came out as a lesbian in an article in the "New York Daily News", and was subsequently profiled in an article in the October 2004 edition of "The Advocate". On July 31, 2008, Matarazzo's publicist announced that Matarazzo was engaged to musician Caroline Murphy. In 2012, popular media news outlets announced that Matarazzo and Murphy had split amicably.


title: Heather Matarazzo

text: Matarazzo revealed she was scheduled to attend a meeting on the 15th floor of the World Trade Center on September 11, 2001, shortly after the attacks occurred, but overslept.


title: Heather Matarazzo

text: Matarazzo endorsed and actively campaigned for Senator Bernie Sanders for President in the 2016 U.S. presidential election.


title: Brad Paisley

text: Bradley Douglas Paisley (born October 28, 1972) is an American country music singer and songwriter. Starting with his 1999 debut album "Who Needs Pictures", he has released eleven studio albums and a Christmas compilation on the Arista Nashville label, with all of his albums certified Gold or higher by the RIAA. He has scored 35 Top 10 singles on the US "Billboard" Country Airplay chart, 20 of which have reached number one. He set a new record in 2009 for the most consecutive singles (10) reaching the top spot on that chart.


title: Brad Paisley

text: Paisley has sold over 11 million albums and has won three Grammy Awards, 14 Academy of Country Music Awards, 14 Country Music Association Awards, and two American Music Awards. He has also earned country music's crowning achievement, becoming a member of the Grand Ole Opry. Paisley also wrote songs for Pixar's "Cars" franchise ("Behind the Clouds", "Find Yourself", "Collision of Worlds" with Robbie Williams, "Nobody's Fool", etc.).


title: Brad Paisley

text: Paisley was born and raised in Glen Dale, West Virginia. He is the only child of Douglas Edward "Doug" Paisley, who worked for the West Virginia Department of Transportation, and Sandra Jean "Sandy" (née Jarvis) Paisley, a teacher. He has stated that his love of country music stems from his maternal grandfather, Warren Jarvis, who gave him his first guitar, a Sears Danelectro Silvertone, and taught him how to play at eight years old. In third grade, he performed for the first time in public by singing in his church. Initially, they were just going to have him play the song on the guitar instead of a piano. But then the adults heard him sing the tune and said, "forget the choir, let's just have Brad do the whole thing." After that, he never had to ask for a gig until he left Glen Dale. He later recalled that "Pretty soon, I was performing at every Christmas party and Mother's Day event. The neat thing about a small town is that when you want to be an artist, by golly, they'll make you one." At age 13, he wrote his first song, "Born on Christmas Day", which later appeared on his album "Brad Paisley Christmas". He had been taking lessons with local guitarist Clarence "Hank" Goddard. By 13, Goddard and Paisley formed a band called "Brad Paisley and the C-Notes", with the addition of two of Paisley's adult friends.


title: Brad Paisley

text: While in junior high, his principal heard him perform "Born On Christmas Day" and invited him to play at the local Rotary Club meeting. In attendance was Tom Miller, the program director of a radio station in Wheeling, West Virginia. Miller asked him if he would like to be a guest on Jamboree USA. After his first performance, he was asked to become a member of the show's weekly lineup. For the next eight years, he opened for country singers such as The Judds, Ricky Skaggs and George Jones. He would become the youngest person inducted into the Jamboree USA Hall of Fame. He also performed at the Jamboree in the Hills.


title: Brad Paisley

text: Paisley graduated from John Marshall High School in Glen Dale, West Virginia, in 1991, and then studied for two years at West Liberty State College in West Liberty, West Virginia. He was awarded a fully paid ASCAP scholarship to Belmont University in Nashville, Tennessee, where he majored in music business and received a Bachelor of Business Administration degree from the Mike Curb School of Music Business in 1995. He interned at ASCAP, Atlantic Records, and the Fitzgerald-Hartley management firm. While in college, he met Frank Rogers, a fellow student who went on to serve as his producer. Paisley also met Kelley Lovelace, who became his songwriting partner. He also met Chris DuBois in college, and he, too, would write songs for him.


title: Brad Paisley

text: Within a week after graduating from Belmont, Paisley signed a songwriting contract with EMI Music Publishing; and he wrote David Kersh's Top 5 hit, "Another You", as well as David Ball's 1999 single, "Watching My Baby Not Come Back". The latter song was also co-written by Ball.


title: Brad Paisley

text: His debut as a singer was with the label Arista Nashville, with the song "Who Needs Pictures" (released February 1, 1999). In May of that same year, he made his first appearance on the Grand Ole Opry. Seven months later he had his first No. 1 hit with "He Didn't Have to Be", which detailed the story of Paisley's frequent co-writer Kelley Lovelace and Lovelace's stepson, McCain Merren. The album also produced a Top 20 hit with "Me Neither" and his second number 1 hit, "We Danced", both in 2000. By February 2001, the album was certified platinum.


title: Brad Paisley

text: Later in 2000, Paisley won the Country Music Association's (CMA) Horizon Award and the Academy of Country Music's best new male vocalist trophy. He received his first Grammy Award nomination a year later for Best New Artist. On February 17, 2001, Paisley was inducted into the Grand Ole Opry. He was 28 when he accepted the invitation. PBS did a 75th anniversary concert special, in which Paisley and Chely Wright sang a song that they co-wrote called "Hard to Be a Husband, Hard to Be a Wife". This song later appeared on the compilation album "Grand Ole Opry 75th Anniversary, Vol. 2". The concert would get a CMA nomination for Vocal Event of the Year. Paisley would later contribute to Wright's 2001 album "Never Love You Enough", co-writing the tracks "One Night in Las Vegas", "Horoscope", and "Not as In Love". Paisley co-produced the former two tracks with her, in addition to playing guitar on them and featuring members of his road band, The Drama Kings; he also sang backing vocals on "One Night in Las Vegas" and "Not as In Love".


title: Brad Paisley

text: In 2002, he won the CMA Music Video of the Year for "I'm Gonna Miss Her (The Fishin' Song)". Several celebrities made notable guest appearances in the video, including Little Jimmy Dickens, Kimberly Williams, Dan Patrick, and Jerry Springer. His three other singles from the "Part II" album, "I Wish You'd Stay", "Wrapped Around", and "Two People Fell in Love", all charted in the top 10. The album stayed in the charts for more than 70 weeks and was certified platinum in August 2002. To support his album, he toured the country as the opening act for Lonestar.


title: Brad Paisley

text: Paisley released his third album, "Mud on the Tires" (2003), following "Who Needs Pictures" and "Part II". The album features the hit song "Celebrity", the video of which parodies television shows such as "Fear Factor", "American Idol", "The Bachelorette", and "According to Jim", and included such celebrities as Jason Alexander, James Belushi, Little Jimmy Dickens, Trista Rehn, and William Shatner. (Paisley later contributed to Shatner's album "Has Been".) The album's title track, "Mud on the Tires", reached Billboard No. 1 in 2004.


title: Brad Paisley

text: In addition, the ninth track from "Mud on the Tires", "Whiskey Lullaby", a duet with Alison Krauss, reached No. 3 on the Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks (now Hot Country Songs) charts, and No. 41 on the Billboard Hot 100. The music video for "Whiskey Lullaby" also won several awards and was rated No. 2 on the 100 Greatest Videos by CMT in 2008. The album was certified double platinum.


title: Brad Paisley

text: In 2005, after touring with Reba McEntire and Terri Clark on the Two Hats and a Redhead Tour, he released "Time Well Wasted" which included the singles "Alcohol" reaching number 4, "When I Get Where I'm Going" a duet with Dolly Parton, "The World" and "She's Everything" with the last three all reaching number 1. On November 6, 2006, "Time Well Wasted" won the Country Music Association CMA Award for Best Album. It also won album of the year at the 2006 ACM Awards.


title: Brad Paisley

text: Paisley also contributed two original songs to the Disney Pixar's film "Cars". These can be found on the film's soundtrack. This was in recognition of his contribution to the "Route 66: Main Street America" television special.


title: Brad Paisley

text: At the 2006 Grammy Awards, Paisley received four nominations: Best Country Album (for "Time Well Wasted"), Best Country Song (for "Alcohol"), Best Country Instrumental (for "Time Warp") and Best Country Vocal, Male (for "Alcohol").


title: Brad Paisley

text: Paisley's fifth studio album, "5th Gear", was released in the United States on June 19, 2007. The first four singles from the album, "Ticks", "Online", "Letter to Me", and "I'm Still a Guy", all reached number one on the country music single charts, making seven straight number one hits for Paisley. "Online" featured the Brentwood High School marching band playing toward the end of the song, a cameo by Jason Alexander, and again featured a cameo by William Shatner. "Throttleneck" would also reach number one, which would get Paisley his first Grammy.


title: Brad Paisley

text: The fifth single from "5th Gear" actually came from a reissued version of the album – a new recording of "Waitin' on a Woman", a track cut from "Time Well Wasted". The reissued version received unsolicited airplay in late 2006, and features less prominent string guitar and violin parts and a more "muted" musical tone. For the chart week of September 20, 2008, the song became Paisley's twelfth number-one single and his eighth straight number-one hit, making him the artist with the most consecutive Number One country hits since the inception of Nielsen SoundScan in 1990.


title: Brad Paisley

text: Paisley toured April 26, 2007, through February 24, 2008, in support of "5th Gear" on the Bonfires & Amplifiers Tour. The tour visited 94 cities over a 10-month period and played for more than a million fans. The tour was so successful that it was extended past its original end date to February 2008. Some of the opening acts who appeared during the tour were Taylor Swift, Kellie Pickler, Jack Ingram, Rodney Atkins and Chuck Wicks.


title: Brad Paisley

text: Paisley was nominated for three 2008 Grammy Awards related to "5th Gear": Best Country Album (for "5th Gear"), Best Country Collaboration (for "Oh Love" with Carrie Underwood), and Best Country Instrumental (for "Throttleneck"). On February 10, 2008, he won his first Grammy award for Best Country Instrumental for "Throttleneck".


title: Brad Paisley

text: In March 2008, Paisley announced his next tour, The Paisley Party, a 42-date tour sponsored by Hershey's. The tour kicked off on June 11, 2008, in Albuquerque, New Mexico, with Wicks, Julianne Hough and Jewel as the opening acts.


title: Brad Paisley

text: A sixth instrumental album, titled "Play", was released on November 4, 2008. Paisley and Keith Urban released to country radio their first duet together on September 8, 2008, "Start a Band". It was the first and only single from "Play", and it went on to become Paisley's thirteenth number one hit and his ninth in a row. The album also features collaborations with James Burton, Little Jimmy Dickens, Vince Gill, John Jorgenson, B.B. King, Albert Lee, Brent Mason, Buck Owens, Redd Volkaert and Steve Wariner. Paisley and Urban both received Entertainer of the Year nominations from the CMA on September 10, 2008. On November 12, 2008, Paisley won Male Vocalist of the Year and Music Video of the Year for "Waitin' on a Woman" during the CMAs.


title: Brad Paisley

text: Paisley announced on January 26, 2009, that he would be embarking on a new tour named American Saturday Night, with Dierks Bentley and Jimmy Wayne opening for most of the shows. Paisley's seventh studio album, "American Saturday Night", was released on June 30, 2009. The album's lead single, "Then", was released in March 2009 and performed for the first time on "American Idol" on March 18. It went on to become Paisley's 14th number one single and his tenth in a row.


title: Brad Paisley

text: On July 21, 2009, Paisley performed at the White House for President Barack Obama and First Lady Michelle Obama in celebration of country music. "Country Music at the White House" was streamed live on the White House website as well as a special on Great American Country.


title: Brad Paisley

text: On November 11, 2009, Paisley co-hosted the CMA Awards for the second straight year. He also performed "Welcome to the Future", and won both Male Vocalist of the Year and Musical Event of the Year for "Start a Band" with Keith Urban.


title: Brad Paisley

text: On March 1, 2010, Paisley was the first musical performance with "American Saturday Night" for the second tenure of "The Tonight Show with Jay Leno".


title: Brad Paisley

text: On March 5, 2010, Paisley slipped and fell performing his last song of the set, "Alcohol", at a concert at the North Charleston Coliseum in Charleston, South Carolina, on the final date of the American Saturday Night Tour. Fearing a broken rib, he was held overnight at an area hospital, but was released when an MRI was negative.


title: Brad Paisley

text: On July 31, 2010, Paisley performed alongside Carrie Underwood at the inaugural Greenbrier Classic PGA Tour Event in Lewisburg, West Virginia. An estimated 60,000 people attended the outdoor event to watch Underwood and Paisley perform in the pouring rain.


title: Brad Paisley

text: On August 4, 2010, it was announced on his official website that Paisley would release his first official greatest hits package, entitled "Hits Alive". Released on November 2, 2010, "Hits Alive" is a double-disc collection, with one disc containing studio versions of Paisley's hit singles, while the companion disc features previously unreleased live versions of his songs.


title: Brad Paisley

text: Paisley cohosted the 44th Annual CMA Awards on November 10, 2010, where he was also awarded the CMA's top award, Entertainer of the Year. During his acceptance speech, Paisley emotionally honored his grandfather, who inspired him to play the guitar.


title: Brad Paisley

text: In December 2010, Paisley released "This Is Country Music" as the title track to his eighth studio album, released May 23, 2011. The album's second single, "Old Alabama" (with Alabama), released to country radio on March 14, 2011, and became Paisley's nineteenth number one hit. "Remind Me", with Carrie Underwood, was released May 23, 2011, to radio.


title: Brad Paisley

text: On March 22, 2011, Paisley's website announced a new beta game titled "Brad Paisley World". The game is modeled after other Facebook games such as Farmville or Mafia Wars and features original animation. The game provides a new way for fans to interact with each other and view exclusive material that would otherwise be unavailable.


title: Brad Paisley

text: On May 12, 2011, Paisley's website announced that he would release two songs on the soundtrack for the film "Cars 2". One of them would be a collaboration with British pop singer Robbie Williams.


title: Brad Paisley

text: On September 21, 2011, Mailboat Records released "", a double-CD telling Mark Twain's life in spoken word and song, including a new song by Paisley titled "Huck Finn Blues". Paisley's website announced that he was a fan of Twain, prompting his collaboration on the project with Clint Eastwood, Jimmy Buffett, Sheryl Crow, Vince Gill, and others.


title: Brad Paisley

text: On October 19, 2011, Paisley made a voice cameo as various background characters in the "South Park" episode "Bass to Mouth".


title: Brad Paisley

text: On January 14, 2012, Paisley was a guest on Garrison Keillor's "Prairie Home Companion", during which he did a rendition of "Life's Railway to Heaven" by Charles Davis Tillman.


title: Brad Paisley

text: On April 25, 2012, Paisley was featured on the "South Park" episode "Cartman Finds Love", in which he voiced himself, sang the national anthem and helped Cartman sing the 1990s hit song "I Swear", which was popularized in 1994 by the country musician John Michael Montgomery and the pop group All-4-One.


title: Brad Paisley

text: Paisley extended his Virtual Reality World Tour through mid-2012. He toured the country and made pit stops at local country music festivals.


title: Brad Paisley

text: On September 20, 2012, Paisley released a new single, "Southern Comfort Zone". The song debuted at number 25 on the Hot Country Songs chart, becoming Paisley's highest debut to date. It reached number 2 on the Country Airplay chart in 2013. The song was the first single from his ninth studio album, "Wheelhouse", released on April 9, 2013.


title: Brad Paisley

text: The album's second single, "Beat This Summer", was released to country radio on March 4, 2013. It also reached number 2 on the Country Airplay chart in July 2013. The album's third single, "I Can't Change the World", was released to country radio on August 19, 2013: despite a moderately good debut, the single failed to reach the top 20 on country charts, peaking at number 22 on Country Airplay and becoming Paisley's lowest-charting single to date. The album's fourth single, "The Mona Lisa", was released to country radio on December 9, 2013. It peaked at number 19 on Country Airplay.


title: Brad Paisley

text: On June 12, 2013, Paisley announced on his Twitter page that he would join the Rolling Stones onstage during the band's concert in Philadelphia.


title: Brad Paisley

text: His track "Accidental Racist", a duet with rapper LL Cool J, generated a bit of notoriety when it was released. Paisley sings about how he finds himself "caught between Southern pride and Southern blame": Paisley explained that he's proud of where he's from, but he's ashamed of themes such as slavery and racism. The song generated controversy for its discussion of racism, particularly the song's message of showing "Southern pride", which includes re-appropriation of the Confederate flag.


title: Brad Paisley

text: On April 6, 2014, Paisley released "River Bank". It is the lead single from his tenth studio album for Sony Music Entertainment, "Moonshine in the Trunk", which was released on August 26, 2014. Paisley co-wrote the song with Kelley Lovelace and co-produced it with Luke Wooten. The album's second single, "Perfect Storm", was released to country radio on September 2, 2014. It reached number one on the Country Airplay chart in January 2015. The album's third single, "Crushin' It", was released to country radio on January 26, 2015. The album's fourth single, "Country Nation", was released to country radio on September 14, 2015.


title: Brad Paisley

text: On May 24, 2014, Paisley traveled on Air Force One with President Barack Obama to visit US troops at Bagram Air Base in Bagram, Afghanistan. Paisley played a full concert for the troops stationed there.


title: Brad Paisley

text: On June 1, 2014, "Rolling Stone" magazine ranked "Welcome to the Future" #100 in their list of the 100 greatest country songs.


title: Brad Paisley

text: In September 2014, "Moonshine in the Trunk" became Paisley's eighth number one album on "Billboard"s Top Country Albums chart. It also became his ninth Top 10 Pop album and fifth


title: Brad Paisley

text: Paisley released "Without a Fight", a duet with Demi Lovato, on May 13, 2016. It was to have served as the lead single to his eleventh studio album, but due to poor chart performance it did not make the album's final cut. He was selected as one of thirty artists to perform on ""Forever Country"", a mash-up track of "Take Me Home, Country Roads",


title: Brad Paisley

text: "On the Road Again" and "I Will Always Love You" which celebrates 50 years of the CMA Awards. The second single "Today" was released on October 6, 2016, which gave Paisley his first Country Digital Song Sales No. 1, opening at the top of the chart with 41,000 first-week downloads.


title: Brad Paisley

text: "Love and War" features several collaborations with iconic artists, including Timbaland, John Fogerty, Bill Anderson, and Mick Jagger, as well as a songwriting credit with Johnny Cash.


title: Brad Paisley

text: On October 4, 2018, Paisley and his wife Kimberly Williams-Paisley partnered with Belmont University and opened a free referral-based grocery store in Nashville to help the community in need. The board of trustees for The Store include Brad Paisley, president; Megan Zarling, chair; Pete Fisher, vice-chair; Doug Paisley, secretary and Elaine Bryan, treasurer.


title: Brad Paisley

text: In November 2018, Paisley released "Bucked Off", the lead single from his upcoming studio album. On March 11, 2019, Paisley released "My Miracle".


title: Brad Paisley

text: In 2021, Paisley was featured on Jimmie Allen's "Freedom Was a Highway", which reached number one on the "Billboard" Country Airplay chart in February 2022, becoming Paisley's twentieth number one single, and his first since "Perfect Storm" in January 2015. This distinction also tied Paisley with Brooks & Dunn and Toby Keith for the tenth most number one singles since the chart's inception in January 1990.


title: Brad Paisley

text: Paisley released his book "Jug Fishing for Greazy and Other Brad Paisley Fishing Stories" in 2003 under Thomas Nelson Publishing. He co-wrote the book with author M. B. Roberts.


title: Brad Paisley

text: Paisley released his book "Diary of a Player: How My Musical Heroes Made a Guitar Man Out of Me" in 2011 under Howard Books Publishing. He co-wrote the book with author David Wild, a contributing editor for "Rolling Stone" magazine and an Emmy nominated TV writer and producer. The book is an autobiography and talks about Paisley's introduction to the music industry and how the events in his life helped to prepare him for what was up ahead. The book features topics such as the first guitar that his grandfather gave him, his first band the C-notes, the first song he wrote, and many more music/guitar related topics. Although the book does speak briefly of his personal life, the main focus is on his music and the start of his career.


title: Brad Paisley

text: Paisley records his studio albums, in most part, with the backing of his live band, The Drama Kings. Their first gig together was May 7, 1999.


title: Brad Paisley

text: In the last months of 2000, Paisley had a relationship with fellow country music singer Chely Wright. Unbeknownst to Paisley, Wright and her female partner had moved together into a new home earlier in the year. In her autobiography, Wright expressed regret for how she treated him.


title: Brad Paisley

text: Paisley and Kimberly Williams began dating in 2001. The singer had first seen the actress 10 years earlier in her feature film debut while on a date to see "Father of the Bride" with a local girl. Four years later, and after his date left him for his best friend, he went to see the sequel alone. Paisley stated that he watched Williams' performance and thought "She seems like a great girl — smart and funny and all those things that are so hard to find."