title: Roscoe Arbuckle

text: Most exhibitors still declined to show Arbuckle's films, several of which now have no copies known to have survived intact. One of Arbuckle's feature-length films known to survive is "Leap Year", which Paramount declined to release in the U.S. owing to the scandal. It was eventually released in Europe. With Arbuckle's films now banned, in March 1922 Keaton signed an agreement to give Arbuckle thirty-five percent of all future profits from his production company, Buster Keaton Comedies, in hopes of easing his financial situation.


title: Roscoe Arbuckle

text: In November 1923, Minta Durfee filed for divorce from Arbuckle, charging grounds of desertion. The divorce was granted the following January. They had been separated since 1921, though Durfee always claimed he was the nicest man in the world and they were still friends. After a brief reconciliation, Durfee again filed for divorce, this time while in Paris, in December 1924. Arbuckle married Doris Deane on May 16, 1925.


title: Roscoe Arbuckle

text: Arbuckle tried returning to filmmaking, but industry resistance to distributing his pictures continued to linger after his acquittal. He retreated into alcoholism. In the words of his first wife, "Roscoe only seemed to find solace and comfort in a bottle". Keaton attempted to help Arbuckle by giving him work on his films. Arbuckle wrote the story for a Keaton short called "Day Dreams" (1922). Arbuckle allegedly co-directed scenes in Keaton's "Sherlock Jr." (1924), but it is unclear how much of this footage remained in the film's final cut. In 1925, Carter DeHaven's short "Character Studies", shot before the scandal, was released. Arbuckle appeared alongside Keaton, Harold Lloyd, Rudolph Valentino, Douglas Fairbanks, and Jackie Coogan. The same year, in "Photoplay"s August issue, James R. Quirk wrote: "I would like to see Roscoe Arbuckle make a comeback to the screen." He also said: "The American nation prides itself upon its spirit of fair play. We like the whole world to look upon America as the place where every man gets a square deal. Are you sure Roscoe Arbuckle is getting one today? I'm not."


title: Roscoe Arbuckle

text: Eventually, Arbuckle worked as a director under the pseudonym "William Goodrich". Author David Yallop cites Arbuckle's father's full name as William Goodrich Arbuckle as the inspiration behind the alias. Another tale credits Keaton, an inveterate punster, with suggesting that Arbuckle become a director under the alias "Will B. Good". The pun being too obvious, Arbuckle adopted the more formal pseudonym "William Goodrich". Keaton himself told this story during a recorded interview with Kevin Brownlow in the 1960s.


title: Roscoe Arbuckle

text: Between 1924 and 1932, Arbuckle directed a number of comedy shorts under the pseudonym for Educational Pictures, which featured lesser-known comics of the day. Louise Brooks, who played the ingenue in "Windy Riley Goes Hollywood" (1931), told Brownlow of her experiences in working with Arbuckle:


title: Roscoe Arbuckle

text: He made no attempt to direct this picture. He just sat in his director's chair like a dead man. He had been very nice and sweetly dead ever since the scandal that ruined his career. But it was such an amazing thing for me to come in to make this broken-down picture, and to find my director was the great Roscoe Arbuckle. Oh, I thought he was magnificent in films. He was a wonderful dancer—a wonderful ballroom dancer, in his heyday. It was like floating in the arms of a huge doughnut—really delightful.


title: Roscoe Arbuckle

text: Among the more visible directorial projects under the Goodrich pseudonym was the Eddie Cantor feature "Special Delivery" (1927), which was released by Paramount and co-starred William Powell and Jobyna Ralston. His highest-profile project was arguably "The Red Mill", also released in 1927, a Marion Davies vehicle.


title: Roscoe Arbuckle

text: Arbuckle and Dan Coombs, one of Culver City's first mayors, re-opened the Plantation Club near the Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer studios on Washington Boulevard as Roscoe Arbuckle's Plantation Café on August 2, 1928. By 1930, Arbuckle sold his interest and it became known as George Olsen's Plantation Café, later The Plantation Trailer Court and then Foreman Phillips County Barn Dance.


title: Roscoe Arbuckle

text: In 1929, Doris Deane sued for divorce from Arbuckle in Los Angeles, charging desertion and cruelty. On June 21, 1932, Roscoe married Addie Oakley Dukes McPhail (later Addie Oakley Sheldon, 1905–2003) in Erie, Pennsylvania.


title: Roscoe Arbuckle

text: In 1932, Arbuckle signed a contract with Warner Bros. to star under his own name in a series of six two-reel comedies, to be filmed at the Vitaphone studios in Brooklyn, New York. These six short films constitute the only recordings of Arbuckle's voice. Silent-film comedian Al St. John (Arbuckle's nephew) and actors Lionel Stander and Shemp Howard appeared with Arbuckle. One of the films ("How've You Bean?") had grocery-store gags reminiscent of Arbuckle's 1917 short "The Butcher Boy", with vaudeville comic Fritz Hubert as his assistant, dressed like Buster Keaton. The Vitaphone shorts were very successful in America, although when Warner Bros. attempted to release the first one ("Hey, Pop!") in the United Kingdom, the British Board of Film Censors cited the ten-year-old scandal and refused to grant an exhibition certificate.


title: Roscoe Arbuckle

text: On June 28, 1933, Arbuckle had finished filming the last of the two-reelers (four of which had already been released). The next day he signed a contract with Warner Bros. to star in a feature-length film. That night he went out with friends to celebrate his first wedding anniversary and the new Warner Bros. contract when he reportedly said: "This is the best day of my life." He suffered a heart attack later that night and died in his sleep. He was 46. His widow Addie requested that his body be cremated, as that was Arbuckle's wish.


title: Roscoe Arbuckle

text: Many of Arbuckle's films, including the feature "Life of the Party" (1920), survive only as worn prints with foreign-language inter-titles. Little or no effort was made to preserve original negatives and prints during Hollywood's first two decades. By the early 21st century, some of Arbuckle's short subjects (particularly those co-starring Chaplin or Keaton) had been restored, released on DVD, and even screened theatrically. His early influence on American slapstick comedy is widely recognised.


title: Roscoe Arbuckle

text: For his contributions to the film industry, in 1960, some 27 years after his death, Arbuckle was awarded a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame located at 6701 Hollywood Boulevard.


title: Roscoe Arbuckle

text: Neil Sedaka references Arbuckle, along with Charlie Chaplin, Buster Keaton, Stan Laurel, and Oliver Hardy in his 1971 song "Silent Movies", as heard on his "Emergence" album.


title: Roscoe Arbuckle

text: The James Ivory film "The Wild Party" (1975) has been repeatedly but incorrectly cited as a film dramatization of the Arbuckle–Rappe scandal. In fact it is loosely based on the 1926 poem by Joseph Moncure March. In this film, James Coco portrays a heavy-set silent film comedian named Jolly Grimm whose career is on the skids, but who is desperately planning a comeback. Raquel Welch portrays his mistress, who ultimately goads him into shooting her. This film was loosely based on the misconceptions surrounding the Arbuckle scandal, yet it bears almost no resemblance to the documented facts of the case.


title: Roscoe Arbuckle

text: In Ken Russell's 1977 biopic "Valentino", Rudolph Nureyev as a pre-movie star Rudolph Valentino dances in a nightclub before a grossly overweight, obnoxious, and hedonistic celebrity called "Mr. Fatty" (played by William Hootkins), a caricature of Arbuckle rooted in the public view of him created in popular press coverage of the Rappe rape trial. In the scene, Valentino picks up starlet Jean Acker (played by Carol Kane) off a table in which she is sitting in front of Fatty and dances with her, enraging the spoiled star, who becomes apoplectic.


title: Roscoe Arbuckle

text: In the Gumby movie entitled "," the supporting character Fatbuckle is an affectionate reference to Arbuckle.


title: Roscoe Arbuckle

text: Before his death in 1997, comedian Chris Farley expressed interest in starring as Arbuckle in a biography film. According to the 2008 biography "The Chris Farley Show: A Biography in Three Acts", Farley and screenwriter David Mamet agreed to work together on what would have been Farley's first dramatic role. In 2007, director Kevin Connor planned a film, "The Life of the Party", based on Arbuckle's life. It was to star Chris Kattan and Preston Lacy. However, the project was shelved. Like Farley, comedians John Belushi and John Candy also considered playing Arbuckle, but each of them died before a biopic was made. Farley's film was signed with Vince Vaughn as his co-star.


title: Roscoe Arbuckle

text: In April and May 2006, the Museum of Modern Art in New York City mounted a 56-film, month-long retrospective of all of Arbuckle's known surviving work, running the entire series twice.


title: Roscoe Arbuckle

text: Arbuckle is the subject of a 2004 novel titled "I, Fatty" by author Jerry Stahl. "The Day the Laughter Stopped" by David Yallop and "Frame-Up! The Untold Story of Roscoe "Fatty" Arbuckle" by Andy Edmonds are other books on Arbuckle's life. The 1963 novel "Scandal in Eden" by Garet Rogers is a fictionalized version of the Arbuckle scandal.


title: Roscoe Arbuckle

text: The 2009 novel "Devil's Garden" is based on the Arbuckle trials. The main character in the story is Dashiell Hammett, a Pinkerton detective in San Francisco at the time of the trials.


title: Roscoe Arbuckle

text: The 2020 remake of "Perry Mason" features a minor character named Chubby Carmichael who is based on Arbuckle.


title: Roscoe Arbuckle

text: The 2021 French graphic novel "Fatty : le premier roi d'Hollywood", by Nadar and Julien Frey, portrays the period from Arbuckle's early days in Hollywood to his death.


title: Roscoe Arbuckle

text: Arbuckle is referred to in a nonsensical fashion in "Have You Seen Me?", a song by comedy metal band GWAR on their album "America Must Be Destroyed".


title: Vogue (magazine)

text: Vogue is an American monthly fashion and lifestyle magazine that covers many topics, including haute couture fashion, beauty, culture, living, and runway. Based at One World Trade Center in the Financial District of Lower Manhattan, "Vogue" began in 1892 as a weekly newspaper before becoming a monthly magazine years later. Since its founding, "Vogue" has featured numerous actors, musicians, models, athletes, and other prominent celebrities. The largest issue published by "Vogue" magazine was the September 2012 edition, containing 900 pages.


title: Vogue (magazine)

text: The British "Vogue", launched in 1916, was the first international edition, while the Italian version "Vogue Italia" has been called the top fashion magazine in the world. As of today, there are 26 international editions.


title: Vogue (magazine)

text: Arthur Baldwin Turnure, an American businessman, founded "Vogue" as a weekly newspaper based in New York City, sponsored by Kristoffer Wright, with its first issue on December 17, 1892. The first issue was published with a cover price of 10 cents ().


title: Vogue (magazine)

text: Turnure's intention was to create a publication that celebrated the "ceremonial side of life"; one that "attracts the sage as well as debutante, men of affairs, as well as the belle". From its inception the magazine targeted the new New York upper class, "recounting their habits, their leisure activities, their social gatherings, the places they frequented, and the clothing they wore...and everyone who wanted to look like them and enter their exclusive circle".


title: Vogue (magazine)

text: The magazine at this time was primarily concerned with fashion, with coverage of sports and social affairs included for its male readership. Growth was slow during this initial period.


title: Vogue (magazine)

text: Condé Montrose Nast purchased "Vogue" in 1909, three years after Turnure's death, and he gradually grew the publication. Nast changed it to a women's magazine, and started "Vogue" editions overseas in the 1910s. Its price was also raised. The magazine's number of publications and profit increased dramatically under Nast's management. It continued to target an upscale audience and expanded into the coverage of weddings. According to Condé Nast Russia, when the First World War made deliveries in the Old World impossible, printing began in England. The decision to print in England proved successful, causing Nast to release the first issue of French "Vogue" in 1920.


title: Vogue (magazine)

text: The magazine's number of subscriptions surged during the Great Depression, and again during World War II. During this time, noted critic and former "Vanity Fair" editor Frank Crowninshield served as its editor, having been moved over from "Vanity Fair" by publisher Condé Nast.


title: Vogue (magazine)

text: In July 1932, American "Vogue" placed its first color photograph on the cover of the magazine. The photograph was taken by photographer Edward Jean Steichen and portrayed a woman swimmer holding a beach ball in the air.


title: Vogue (magazine)

text: Laird Borrelli notes that "Vogue" led the decline of fashion illustration in the late 1930s, when it began to replace its illustrated covers, by artists such as Dagmar Freuchen, with photographic images.


title: Vogue (magazine)

text: Nast was responsible for introducing color printing and the "two-page spread". He has been credited with turning "Vogue" into a "successful business" and the "women's magazine we recognize today", having substantially increased sales volumes until his death in 1942.


title: Vogue (magazine)

text: In the 1950s, the decade known as the magazine's "powerful years", Jessica Daves became editor-in-chief. As Rebecca C. Tuite has noted, "Daves led a quiet charge for excellence during one of the most challenging, transformative, and rich decades in the magazine's history." Daves believed that "taste is something that can be taught and learned", and she edited "Vogue" with the conviction that it should be "a vehicle to educate public taste". While fashion coverage remained a priority, Daves also elevated the written content of American "Vogue", particularly championing more robust arts and literature features.


title: Vogue (magazine)

text: The Daves era of "Vogue" came to an end in 1962, when Diana Vreeland joined the magazine (first as associate editor, and then, following Daves's departure in December 1962, as editor-in-chief). The pair had diametrically opposed approaches to editing "Vogue": Daves famously declared, "I respect fashion ... it is exciting ... but I am annoyed at people who treat it as a joke, who constantly take sledge-hammers to it ... it's a very serious business." On the other hand, Vreeland believed, as she once told art director Alexander Liberman, "it's only entertainment", and conversely led the magazine into a period of youth and vitality, but also "extravagance, and luxury and excess".


title: Vogue (magazine)

text: In the 1960s, with Diana Vreeland as editor-in-chief and personality, the magazine began to appeal to the youth of the sexual revolution by focusing more on contemporary fashion and editorial features that openly discussed sexuality. Toward this end, Vogue extended coverage to include East Village boutiques such as Limbo on St. Mark's Place, as well as including features of "downtown" personalities such as Andy Warhol's "Superstar" Jane Holzer's favorite haunts. "Vogue" also continued making household names out of models, a practice that continued with Suzy Parker, Twiggy, Jean Shrimpton, Lauren Hutton, Veruschka, Marisa Berenson, Penelope Tree, and others.


title: Vogue (magazine)

text: In 1973, "Vogue" became a monthly publication. Under editor-in-chief Grace Mirabella, the magazine underwent extensive editorial and stylistic changes to respond to changes in the lifestyles of its target audience. Mirabella states that she was chosen to change Vogue because "women weren't interested in reading about or buying clothes that served no purpose in their changing lives." She was selected to make the magazine appeal to "the free, working, "liberated" woman of the seventies. She changed the magazine by adding text with interviews, arts coverage, and serious health pieces. When that type of stylistic change fell out of favor in the 1980s, Mirabella was fired.


title: Vogue (magazine)

text: In July 1988, after "Vogue" had begun to lose ground to three-year-old upstart "Elle", Anna Wintour was named editor-in-chief. Noted for her trademark bob cut and sunglasses, Wintour sought to revitalize the brand by making it younger and more approachable; she directed the focus towards new and accessible concepts of "fashion" for a wider audience. Wintour's influence allowed the magazine to maintain its high circulation, while staff discovered new trends that a broader audience could conceivably afford. For example, the inaugural cover of the magazine under Wintour's editorship featured a three-quarter-length photograph of Michaela Bercu, an Israeli model, wearing a bejeweled Christian Lacroix jacket and a pair of jeans, a departure from her predecessors' tendency to portray a woman's face alone; according to "The New York Times", this gave "greater importance to both her clothing and her body". As fashion editor Grace Coddington wrote in her memoirs, the cover "endorsed a democratic new high/low attitude to dressing, added some youthful but sophisticated raciness, and garnished it with a dash of confident energy and drive that implied getting somewhere fast. It was quintessential Anna." Throughout her reign at "Vogue", Wintour accomplished her goals to revitalize the magazine and oversaw production of some of its largest editions. The September 2012 edition measured 916 pages, the highest ever for a monthly magazine. Wintour continues to be American "Vogue"s editor-in-chief to this day.


title: Vogue (magazine)

text: The contrast of Wintour's vision with that of her predecessors was noted as striking by observers, both critics and defenders. Amanda Fortini, fashion and style contributor for "Slate", argues that her policy has been beneficial for "Vogue", delivering it from what some critics had termed its boring "beige years."


title: Vogue (magazine)

text: May 2013 marked the first anniversary of a healthy body initiative that was signed by the magazine's international editors—the initiative represents a commitment from the editors to promote positive body images within the content of "Vogue"'s numerous editions. "Vogue Australia" editor Edwina McCann explained:


title: Vogue (magazine)

text: In the magazine we're moving away from those very young, very thin girls. A year down the track, we ask ourselves what can "Vogue" do about it? And an issue like this [June 2013 issue] is what we can do about it. If I was aware of a girl being ill on a photo shoot I wouldn't allow that shoot to go ahead, or if a girl had an eating disorder I would not shoot her.


title: Vogue (magazine)

text: The Australian edition's June 2013 issue was entitled "Vogue Australia": "The Body Issue" and featured articles on exercise and nutrition, as well as a diverse range of models. New York-based Australian plus-size model Robyn Lawley, previously featured on the cover of "Vogue Italia", also appeared in a swimwear shoot for the June issue.


title: Vogue (magazine)

text: Jonathan Newhouse, Condé Nast International chairman, states that ""Vogue" editors around the world want the magazines to reflect their commitment to the health of the models who appear on the pages and the wellbeing of their readers." Alexandra Shulman, one of the magazine's editor, comments on the initiative by stating "as one of the fashion industry's most powerful voices, "Vogue" has a unique opportunity to engage with relevant issues where we feel we can make a difference."


title: Vogue (magazine)

text: The word "vogue" means "style" in French. "Vogue" was described by book critic Caroline Weber in a December 2006 edition of "The New York Times" as "the world's most influential fashion magazine": The publication claims to reach 11 million readers in the US and 12.5 million internationally. Furthermore, Anna Wintour was described as one of the most powerful figures in fashion.


title: Vogue (magazine)

text: Google partnered with "Vogue" to feature Google Glass in the September 2013 issue, which featured a 12-page spread. Chris Dale, who manages communications for the Glass team at Google, stated:


title: Vogue (magazine)

text: Wintour's "Fashion Night" initiative was launched in 2009 with the intention of kickstarting the economy following the financial crisis of 2007–2008, by drawing people back into the retail environment and donating proceeds to various charitable causes. The event was co-hosted by "Vogue" in 27 cities around the US and 15 countries worldwide, and included online retailers at the beginning of 2011. Debate occurred over the actual profitability of the event in the US, resulting in a potentially permanent hiatus in 2013; however, the event continues in 19 other locations internationally. "Vogue" also has the ability to lift the spirits of readers during tough times and revels that "even in bad times, someone is up for a good time." The article states that "Vogue" "make[s] money because they elevate the eye and sometimes the spirit, take the reader someplace special." These fantasy tomes feel a boost during economic distress—like liquor and ice cream and movie ticket sales."


title: Vogue (magazine)

text: In 2006, "Vogue" acknowledged salient political and cultural issues by featuring the burqa, as well as articles on prominent Muslim women, their approach to fashion, and the effect of different cultures on fashion and women's lives. "Vogue" also sponsored the "Beauty Without Borders" initiative with a US$25,000 donation that was used to establish a cosmetology school for Afghan women. Wintour stated: "Through the school, we could not only help women in Afghanistan to look and feel better but also give them employment." A documentary by Liz Mermin, entitled "The Beauty Academy of Kabul", which highlighted the proliferation of Western standards of beauty, criticized the school, suggesting that "the beauty school could not be judged a success if it did not create a demand for American cosmetics."


title: Vogue (magazine)

text: Leading up to the 2012 US presidential election, Wintour used her industry clout to host several significant fundraising events in support of the Obama campaign. The first, in 2010, was a dinner with an estimated US$30,000 entry fee. The "Runway To Win" initiative recruited prominent designers to create pieces to support the campaign.


title: Vogue (magazine)

text: In October 2016, the magazine stated that ""Vogue" endorses Hillary Clinton for president of the United States". This was the first time that the magazine supported as a single voice a presidential candidate in its 120 years of history.


title: Vogue (magazine)

text: The Met Gala is an annual event that is hosted by "Vogue" to celebrate the opening of the Metropolitan Museum's fashion exhibit. The Met Gala is the most coveted event of the year in the field of fashion and is attended by A-list celebrities, politicians, designers and fashion editors. "Vogue" has hosted the themed event since 1971 under editor-in-chief Diana Vreeland. Since 1995, Anna Wintour, who is Vogue's chief content officer and global editorial director, served as chairwoman of the Met Gala, and is the woman behind the coveted event's top-secret guest list. In 2013, "Vogue" released a special edition of "Vogue" entitled Vogue Special Edition: The Definitive Inside Look at the 2013 Met Gala. Vogue has produced about 70 videos about this event for YouTube exclusively, that includes pre-coverage, live reporting and post-event analysis. Met-related video content generated 902 million views, a 110% increase from 2021.


title: Vogue (magazine)

text: In 2015, "Vogue" listed their "15 Roots Reggae Songs You Should Know"; and in an interview with Patricia Chin of VP Records, "Vogue" highlighted an abbreviated list of early "reggae royalty" that recorded at Studio 17 in Kingston, Jamaica which included Bob Marley, Peter Tosh, Gregory Isaacs, Dennis Brown, Burning Spear, Toots and the Maytals, The Heptones, and Bunny Wailer. In addition to their coverage of historically significant artists, "Vogue" is a source for contemporary music news on artists such as Jay-Z, Eminem, Tom Petty, and Taylor Swift, as well as being an influencer that introduces new artists to the scene such as Suzi Analogue in 2017.


title: Vogue (magazine)

text: As Wintour came to personify the magazine's image, both she and "Vogue" drew critics. Wintour's one-time assistant at the magazine, Lauren Weisberger, wrote a "roman à clef" entitled "The Devil Wears Prada". Published in 2003, the novel became a bestseller and was adapted as a highly successful, Academy Award-nominated film in 2006. The central character resembled Weisberger, and her boss was a powerful editor-in-chief of a fictionalized version of "Vogue". The novel portrays a magazine ruled by "the Antichrist and her coterie of fashionistas, who exist on cigarettes, Diet Dr Pepper, and mixed green salads", according to a review in "The New York Times". The editor is described by Weisberger as being "an empty, shallow, bitter woman who has tons and tons of gorgeous clothes and not much else". However despite the slight defamation of Wintour and Vogue magazine in general, the image of both editor and high-class magazine were not diminished.The success of both the novel and the film brought new attention from a wide global audience to the power and glamour of the magazine, and the industry it continues to lead.


title: Vogue (magazine)

text: In 2007, "Vogue" drew criticism from the anti-smoking group "Campaign for Tobacco-Free Kids", for carrying tobacco advertisements in the magazine. The group claims that volunteers sent the magazine more than 8,000 protest emails or faxes regarding the ads. The group also claimed that in response, they received scribbled notes faxed back on letters that had been addressed to Wintour stating, "Will you stop? You're killing trees!" In response, a spokesperson for Condé Nast released an official statement: ""Vogue" does carry tobacco advertising. Beyond that we have no further comment."


title: Vogue (magazine)

text: In April 2008, American "Vogue" featured a cover photo by photographer Annie Leibovitz of Gisele Bündchen and the basketball player LeBron James. This was the third time that Vogue featured a male on the cover of the American issue (the other two men were actors George Clooney and Richard Gere), and the first in which the man was black. Some observers criticized the cover as a prejudicial depiction of James because his pose with Bündchen was reminiscent of a poster for the film "King Kong". Further criticism arose when the website "Watching the Watchers" analyzed the photo alongside the World War I recruitment poster titled "Destroy This Mad Brute". However, James reportedly liked the cover shoot.


title: Vogue (magazine)

text: In February 2011, just before the 2011 Syrian protests unfolded, "Vogue" published a controversial piece by Joan Juliet Buck about Asma al-Assad, wife of the Syrian president Bashar al-Assad. A number of journalists criticized the article as glossing over the poor human rights record of Bashar al-Assad. According to reports, the Syrian government paid the U.S. lobbying firm Brown Lloyd James US$5,000 per month to arrange for and manage the article.


title: Vogue (magazine)

text: In October 2018, "Vogue" published a photoshoot starring Kendall Jenner who had an afro-like style hairstyle which drew criticisms.


title: Vogue (magazine)

text: In 2009, the feature-length documentary "The September Issue" was released; it was an inside view of the production of the record-breaking September 2007 issue of U.S. "Vogue", directed by R. J. Cutler. The film was shot over eight months as Wintour prepared the issue, and included testy exchanges between Wintour and her creative director Grace Coddington. The issue became the largest ever published at the time; over 5 pounds in weight and 840 pages in length, a world record for a monthly magazine Since then, that record has been broken by "Vogue"s 2012 September issue, which came in at 916 pages.


title: Vogue (magazine)

text: Also in 2012, HBO released a documentary entitled "In Vogue: The Editor's Eye", in conjunction with the 120th anniversary of the magazine. Drawing on "Vogue"s extensive archives, the film featured behind-the-scenes interviews with longtime Vogue editors, including Wintour, Coddington, Tonne Goodman, Babs Simpson, Hamish Bowles, and Phyllis Posnick. Celebrated subjects and designers in the fashion industry, such as Nicole Kidman, Sarah Jessica Parker, Linda Evangelista, Vera Wang, and Marc Jacobs, also appear in the film. The editors share personal stories about collaborating with top photographers, such as Leibovitz, and the various day-to-day responsibilities and interactions of a fashion editor at "Vogue". The film was directed and produced by Fenton Bailey and Randy Barbato. In October 2012, "Vogue" also released a book titled "Vogue: The Editor's Eye" to complement the documentary.


title: Vogue (magazine)

text: In 2013, "Vogue" launched the "Vogue" video channel that can be accessed via their website. The channel was launched in conjunction with Conde Nast's multi-platform media initiative. Mini-series that have aired on the video channel include "Vogue Weddings", "The Monday Makeover", "From the Vogue Closet", "Fashion Week", "Elettra's Goodness", "Jeanius", "Vintage Bowles", "The Backstory", "Beauty Mark", "Met Gala", "Voguepedia", "Vogue Voices", "Vogue Diaries", "CFDA/Vogue Fashion Fund", and "Monday's with Andre".


title: Vogue (magazine)

text: Books published by "Vogue" include "In Vogue: An Illustrated History of the World's Most Famous Fashion Magazine", "Vogue: The Covers", "Vogue: The Editor's Eye", "Vogue Living: House, Gardens, People", "The World in Vogue", "Vogue Weddings: Brides, Dresses, Designers", and "Nostalgia in Vogue".


title: Vogue (magazine)

text: Launched in 2011 by Condé Nast Digital, Voguepedia is a fashion encyclopedia that also includes an archive of every issue of "Vogue"s American edition since 1892. Only Vogue staff are permitted to contribute to the encyclopedia, unlike the VogueEncyclo—hosted by "Vogue Italia"—that receives contributions from anyone. As of May 9, 2013, the site was not fully functional; code still showed in search results and only certain search terms yielded results.


title: Vogue (magazine)

text: "Vogue" has also created an easily navigable website that includes six different content categories for viewers to explore. The website includes an archive with issues from 1892 forward for those whom subscribe for the website. The magazines online are the same as those that were printed in that time and are not cut or shortened from the original content.


title: Vogue (magazine)

text: "Vogue" launched the teaser for its podcast series on September 10, 2015. The magazine announced that star André Leon Talley would host the podcasts, and the inaugural twenty-one-minute podcast was released on September 14, 2015, featuring Anna Wintour. Talley commented that he had "been a longtime storyteller at Vogue and it's just another format for telling stories—as at Vogue, we love to tell the story of style, fashion, and what is absolutely a part of the culture at the moment", hence why the magazine has decided to create podcasts.


title: Vogue (magazine)

text: The app was introduced on April 26, 2016, as a way for the magazine to become more mobile friendly. The "Vogue" app displays content on mobile devices and gives people the ability to view the magazine content wherever they go. The app has new content every day and people can choose to receive content recommended just for their taste. In addition, the app allows one to save stories for later and or read offline. Lastly, the app provides notifications for fashion outbreaks and for new stories that are published pertaining to that viewer's particular taste.


title: Vogue (magazine)

text: The online fashion industry publication was launched in January 2019. The new property aims at offering a global perspective on the fashion industry with industry insights. Although sharing the Vogue brand name, "Vogue Business" is operated as a separate business entity with an independent editorial team.


title: Vogue (magazine)

text: In June 2019, "Vogue Business" launched the "Vogue Business Talent", a platform that promotes vacancies from international fashion brands and companies with the goal to match professionals with their job opportunities.


title: Vogue (magazine)

text: In 2005, Condé Nast launched "Men's Vogue". The magazine ceased publication as an independent publication in October 2008, the December/January 2009 edition being its last issue. It was intended to be published as a supplement of "Vogue", the Spring 2009 edition being the last issue of the magazine altogether.


title: Vogue (magazine)

text: Condé Nast also publishes "Teen Vogue", a version of the magazine for teenage girls in the United States. South Korea and Australia publish a "Vogue Girl" magazine (currently suspended from further publication), in addition to the "Vogue Living" and "Vogue Entertaining + Travel" editions.


title: Vogue (magazine)

text: "Vogue Hommes International" is an international men's fashion magazine based in Paris, France, and "L'uomo Vogue" is the Italian men's version. At the beginning of 2013 the Japanese version, "Vogue Hommes Japan", ended publication.


title: Vogue (magazine)

text: Until 1961, "Vogue" was also the publisher of "Vogue Patterns", a home sewing pattern company. It was sold to Butterick Publishing, which also licensed the Vogue name. In 2007, an Arabic edition of "Vogue" was rejected by Condé Nast International.


title: Vogue (magazine)

text: On March 5, 2010, 16 international editors-in-chief of "Vogue" met in Paris to discuss the 2nd Fashion's Night Out. Present in the meeting were the 16 international editors-in-chief of "Vogue": Wintour (American "Vogue"), Emmanuelle Alt (French "Vogue"), Franca Sozzani (Italian "Vogue"), Alexandra Shulman (British "Vogue"), Kirstie Clements (Australian "Vogue"), Aliona Doletskaya (Russian "Vogue"), Angelica Cheung (Chinese "Vogue"), Christiane Arp (German "Vogue"), Priya Tanna (Indian "Vogue"), Rosalie Huang (Taiwanese "Vogue"), Paula Mateus (Portuguese "Vogue"), Seda Domaniç (Turkish "Vogue"), Yolanda Sacristan (Spanish "Vogue"), Eva Hughes (Mexican and Latin American "Vogue"), Mitsuko Watanabe (Japanese "Vogue"), and Daniela Falcao (Brazilian "Vogue").


title: Vogue (magazine)

text: In 2017, Vogue launched on their website an article named “Latinas in Los Angeles” for their 125th Anniversary that centralizes the fashion among the Chicano community, starting from one of the well-known points in the history of the 1940s- the Pachuco subculture. Especially the women that allowed them to create an identity for themselves in a country that did not accept Mexican-Americans.


title: Vogue (magazine)

text: "British Vogue" became the first international edition in 1916. The magazine celebrated its centenary issue in 2016 with a cover of Catherine, Duchess of Cambridge, in her first-ever magazine cover shoot. On January 25, 2017, it was announced that the editor-in-chief, Alexandra Shulman, was to leave the magazine in June 2017, after 25 years. On April 10, 2017, it was announced that Edward Enninful will become the new editor-in-chief of "British Vogue", the first male editor of the magazine in 100 years.


title: Vogue (magazine)

text: "Vogue Paris" became the second international edition in 1920. The magazine celebrated its centenary with the release of their October 2021 issue, an archive-centric special, delayed a year due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The magazine also opened a “Vogue 1920-2020” exhibition at the Palais Galliera. It also marked the last issue under Emmanuelle Alt, who exited the magazine in summer 2021. On September, it was announced that Eugenie Trochu became the Head of Editorial Content. In November, the magazine rebranded as "Vogue France".


title: Vogue (magazine)

text: "Vogue New Zealand" became the third (fourth overall) international edition in 1957. During its first years, it was edited from the British edition and in their later years from the Australian edition. It was published until 1968.


title: Vogue (magazine)

text: "Vogue Australia" became the fourth (fifth overall) international edition in 1959. In May 2012, editor-in-chief Kirstie Clements was fired and replaced with Edwina McCann.


title: Vogue (magazine)

text: "Vogue Italia" became the fifth international edition in 1964. On January 20, 2017, it was officially announced that Emanuele Farneti will become the new editor-in-chief, after the unexpected passing of long-time editor, Franca Sozzani in December 2016. In late July 2021, Emanuele Farneti, editor-in-chief of "Vogue Italia" announced his departure from the magazine after the September issue for 2021. In September, Francesca Ragazzi was announced as the magazine's Head of Editorial Content.


title: Vogue (magazine)

text: "Vogue Mexico" was published for the first time in 1980, becoming the sixth international edition, the Mexican edition last until 1994 when has to close because of the economic crisis, five years later, in 1999 it was relaunched under the name of Vogue México and Latinoamérica. In January 2012, it was announced that Kelly Talamas was the new editor-in-chief replacing Eva Hughes, when Hughes was named CEO of Condé Nast Mexico and Latin America.


title: Vogue (magazine)

text: "Vogue Greece" became the thirteenth (fifteenth overall) international edition in 2000. It became the twenty-fourth edition when relaunched in 2019. In September 2018, it was announced that seven years after its closure, a rebooted Greek edition was in preparation, with Thaleia Karafyllidou as the youngest-ever editor-in-chief in the history of "Vogue". "Vogue Greece" debuted on March 31, 2019, and is published under license agreement with Kathimerines Ekdoseis SA.


title: Vogue (magazine)

text: "Vogue China" became the fifteenth (seventeenth overall) international edition in 2005. In November 2020, it was reported that Angelica Cheung, the founding editor of "Vogue China", will leave the magazine on December 8 after 15 years. In February 2021, it was announced that Margaret Zhang was appointed as the editor-in-chief of "Vogue China", at 27, the youngest editor of "Vogue".


title: Vogue (magazine)

text: "Vogue India" became the sixteenth (eighteenth overall) international edition in 2007. In early May 2021, it was announced that Priya Tanna, the founding editor of "Vogue India", will leave the magazine after 15 years. In September 2021, Megha Kapoor was announced as the magazine's Head of Editorial Content.


title: Vogue (magazine)

text: "Vogue Arabia" became the twentieth (twenty-third overall) international edition in 2016. In July 2016, the launch of "Vogue Arabia" was announced, first as a dual English and Arabic language website, then with a print edition to follow in spring 2017. On April 13, 2017, it was revealed that "Vogue Arabia"'s first editor-in-chief, Deena Aljuhani, was fired, and a new editor was set to be announced.


title: Vogue (magazine)

text: "Vogue Poland" became the twenty-first (twenty-fourth overall) international edition in 2018. In June 2017, it was announced that the Polish edition, "Vogue Polska", was in preparation, with Filip Niedenthal as editor-in-chief. The local publisher, Visteria, signed a licence deal with Condé Nast. The printed magazine and its website launched on February 14, 2018.


title: Vogue (magazine)

text: "Vogue Czechoslovakia" became the twenty-second (twenty-fifth overall) international edition in 2018. In February 2018, the Czech-language edition was announced. It premiered in August 2018 under license with V24 Media, and titled "Vogue CS", it covers the Czech and Slovak markets.


title: Vogue (magazine)

text: "Vogue Hong Kong" became the twenty-third (twenty-sixth overall) international edition in 2019. In October 2018, the Hong Kong edition was announced. It premiered on March 3, 2019, under a license agreement with Rubicon Media Ltd., with digital and print presence.


title: Vogue (magazine)

text: "Vogue Philippines" will become the twenty-seventh (twenty-eighth overall) international edition. In January 2022, Condé Nast partnered with Philippines-based publishing company One Mega Group to launch the edition of the magazine in the country. The first issue will be released in September. The magazine appointed Bea Valdes as its editor-in-chief.


title: Vogue (magazine)

text: The magazine became the third international edition and was first published from 1928 to 1929. It became the sixth edition when relaunched in 1979. In December 2020, it was also announced that Christiane Arp will exit "Vogue Germany" after 17 years, after joining the title in 2003. In October 2021, Kerstin Weng was announced as the magazine's Head of Editorial Content.


title: Vogue (magazine)

text: The magazine became the seventh (eight overall) international edition in 1988. On January 11, 2017, it was announced that Eugenia de la Torriente will become the new editor-in-chief. In December 2020, it was announced that de la Torriente will step down from the magazine after three years. In September 2021, Inés Lorenzo was announced as the magazine's Head of Editorial Content.


title: Vogue (magazine)

text: "Vogue Russia" became the tenth (twelfth overall) international edition in 1998. In July 2010, it was reported that Victoria Davydona will assume as editor-in-chief following Aliona Doletskaya's resignation. Davydova's appointment is effective immediately. On March 8, 2022, Condé Nast announced the suspension of all of its publishing operations in Russia, including the publication of "Vogue Russia", as a reaction to the Russian invasion of Ukraine.


title: Vogue (magazine)

text: The magazine became the eleventh (thirteenth overall) international edition in 1999. In May 2021, it was announced that Mitsuko Watanabe will exit "Vogue Japan" at the end of the year, after thirteen years as the editor-in-chief, and that a successor has yet to be to be named. In January 2022, Tiffany Godoy was announced as the magazine's Head of Editorial Content.


title: Vogue (magazine)

text: The magazine became the eighteenth (twenty-first overall) international edition in 2013. The first issue of the magazine sold-out. Editor-in-chief, Kullawit Laosuksri was the only male editor at the helm of "Vogue" at the time.


title: Vogue (magazine)

text: It became the nineteenth (twenty-second overall) international edition in 2013. In June 2012, it was reported that Ukraine will be publishing "Vogue" the next year. With Condé Nast International chairman and CEO Jonathan Newhouse saying, "Kiev is booming, and there is a strong market demand for luxury products and the experience Vogue can offer the reader."


title: Vogue (magazine)

text: The magazine became the eight (ninth overall) international edition in 1994. It became the twenty-fifth edition when relaunched in 2020. In March 1994, there were initial reports of Condé Nast planning to launch the first Asian edition of "Vogue" magazine in Singapore beginning in September, with the magazine being edited and designed by "Vogue"'s Australia office in Sydney. It became the first Asian edition. It had an initial print run of 35,000 copies for distribution in Singapore, plus 10,000 for Malaysia and 1,000 each for Brunei, Indonesia, the Philippines and Thailand. It was published between September 1994 and February 1998.


title: Vogue (magazine)

text: In January 2020, it was reported that Condé Nast will be launching "Vogue" in Singapore via a license agreement with publisher Indochine Media. It was also reported that the launch will be in the fall of the same year with an English-language print issue, a website and presences on all relevant social platforms, including Instagram, Facebook and Twitter, with an editor-in-chief to be announced. The magazine officially relaunched in September 2020 with both print and digital versions of the publication will feature scannable QR codes, as well as AR and VR content. The inaugural print issue features three collectible covers, capturing Asian cover stars including Singaporean model, Diya Prabhakar; Chinese supermodel, Jū Xiǎowén; and Japanese actress, Nana Komatsu.


title: Vogue (magazine)

text: The magazine became the twenty-sixth (twenty-eight overall) international edition with its launch in June 2020. It was also confirmed that the magazine would be published in English, to be accessible world wide, with Martina Bonnier being its Editor-in-Chief. In order to be more sustainable, the magazine announced to be published in an online form. On August 2021, Greta Thunberg appeared on the first issue of the magazine.


title: Vogue (magazine)

text: The magazine became the eithteenth (twentieth overall) international edition in 2012. It became the twenty-sixth edition when relaunched in 2022. In November 2011, the magazine was confirmed to debut in 2012 with Karin Swerink assuming the editor-in-chief role. In early July 2021, in an Instagram post to the publication's official account, "Vogue" "Nederland" editor-in-chief Rinke Tjepkema announced that the Dutch magazine would be shutting down, after almost 10 years. However, in October 2021, it was reported that the magazine would return to the Dutch market in February 2022.


title: Vogue (magazine)

text: The following highlights circulation dates as well as individuals who have served as editor-in-chief of "Vogue":


title: Vogue (magazine)

text: After a consolidation at Condé Nast, the publisher will put its largest titles -including Vogue- under global and regional leadership. The role of editor-in-chief was replaced in some international editions for the new role of Head of Editorial Content.


title: The Last Ship (TV series)

text: The Last Ship is an American action-drama television series, loosely based on the 1988 novel of the same name by William Brinkley. The series premiered on TNT on June 22, 2014, and concluded after five seasons on November 11, 2018.


title: The Last Ship (TV series)

text: After a global viral pandemic wipes out over 80% of the world's population, the 218-person crew of an unaffected U.S. Navy "Arleigh Burke"-class guided missile destroyer, the fictional USS "Nathan James" (DDG-151), must try to find a cure and save humanity.


title: The Last Ship (TV series)

text: In July 2012, TNT ordered a pilot episode for a potential series based on William Brinkley's 1988 novel "The Last Ship". Hank Steinberg and Steven Kane wrote the pilot script, and Jonathan Mostow directed the pilot.


title: The Last Ship (TV series)

text: The show was filmed at a number of locations across San Diego, including the museum ship (located in San Pedro), used in filming to represent a Russian ; and aboard the , , and , standing in for the show's fictional . The series was produced by Channel Road Productions and Platinum Dunes, with Michael Bay, Brad Fuller, Andrew Form, Steinberg, and Kane. All seasons of the show were shot at the Culver Studios, in Culver City.


title: The Last Ship (TV series)

text: In May 2013, TNT placed a 10-episode order for the series. The series premiered on June 22, 2014, at 9:00 pm EDT. On July 18, 2014, "The Last Ship" was renewed for a 13-episode second season. The second season started airing on June 21, 2015. On August 11, 2015, "The Last Ship" was renewed for a 13-episode third season, slated to premiere June 12, 2016. The season-3 premiere was postponed following the 2016 Orlando nightclub shooting because the episode also included a mass shooting in a nightclub. On July 31, 2016, "The Last Ship" was renewed for a 10-episode fourth season, which premiered on August 20, 2017. On September 8, 2016, TNT renewed the series for a 10-episode fifth and final season, which was filmed immediately after season four and premiered on September 9, 2018. The final episode aired on November 11, 2018.


title: The Last Ship (TV series)

text: On Metacritic, the first season has an average score of 60 out of 100 based on 22 critics, indicating "generally favorable reviews". Rotten Tomatoes gives the show 65%, with an average rating of 6/10 based on 29 reviews, as of October 2015. The website consensus states: "Movie-sized action sequences and a pretty cast provide smooth sailing for "The Last Ship", though it's not anything that hasn't been seen before."


title: The Last Ship (TV series)

text: In July 2015, "Entertainment Weekly"s Ray Rahman said of the second season, "The story is getting more interesting as we get an on-the-ground sense of how the pandemic-ravaged US has fared."


title: NHK

text: , also known as NHK, is a Japanese public broadcaster. NHK, which has always been known by this romanized initialism in Japanese, is a statutory corporation funded by viewers' payments of a television license fee.


title: NHK

text: NHK operates two terrestrial television channels (NHK General TV and NHK Educational TV), four satellite television channels (NHK BS1 and NHK BS Premium; as well as two ultra-high-definition television channels, NHK BS4K and NHK BS8K), and three radio networks (NHK Radio 1, NHK Radio 2, and NHK FM).


title: NHK

text: NHK also provides an international broadcasting service, known as NHK World-Japan. NHK World-Japan is composed of NHK World TV, NHK World Premium, and the shortwave radio service Radio Japan (RJ). World Radio Japan also makes some of its programs available on the Internet.


title: NHK

text: NHK was the first broadcaster in the world to broadcast in high-definition (using multiple sub-Nyquist sampling encoding, also known as Hi-Vision) and in 8K.


title: NHK

text: NHK's earliest forerunner was the , founded in 1924 under the leadership of Count Gotō Shinpei. Tokyo Broadcasting Station, along with separate organizations in Osaka and Nagoya, began radio broadcasts in 1925. The three stations merged under the first incarnation of NHK in August 1926. NHK was modelled on the BBC of the United Kingdom, and the merger and reorganisation was carried out under the auspices of the pre-war Ministry of Communications. NHK's second radio network began in 1931, and the third radio network (FM) began in 1937.


title: NHK

text: NHK began shortwave broadcasting on an experimental basis in the 1930s, and began regular English- and Japanese-language shortwave broadcasts in 1935 under the name Radio Japan, initially aimed at ethnic Japanese listeners in Hawaii and the west coast of North America. By the late 1930s, NHK's overseas broadcasts were known as Radio Tokyo, which became an official name in 1941.


title: NHK

text: In November 1941, the Imperial Japanese Army nationalised all public news agencies and coordinated their efforts via the Information Liaison Confidential Committee. All published and broadcast news reports became official announcements of the Imperial Army General Headquarters in Tokyo for the duration of World War II. The famous Tokyo Rose wartime programs were broadcasts by NHK. NHK also broadcast the "Gyokuon-hōsō", the surrender speech made by Emperor Hirohito, in August 1945.


title: NHK

text: Following the war, in September 1945, the Allied occupation administration under General Douglas MacArthur banned all international broadcasting by NHK, and repurposed several NHK facilities and frequencies for use by the Far East Network (now American Forces Network). Japanese-American radio broadcaster Frank Shozo Baba joined NHK during this time and led an early post-war revamp of its programming. Radio Japan resumed overseas broadcasts in 1952.


title: NHK

text: A new was enacted in 1950, which made NHK a listener-supported independent corporation and simultaneously opened the market for commercial broadcasting in Japan. NHK started television broadcasting in 1953, followed by its educational TV channel in 1959 and color television broadcasts in 1960.


title: NHK

text: NHK opened the first stage of its current headquarters in Japan's capital city's special ward Shibuya as an international broadcasting center for the 1964 Summer Olympics, the first widely televised Olympic Games. The complex was gradually expanded through 1973, when it became the headquarters for NHK. The previous headquarters adjacent to Hibiya Park was redeveloped as the Hibiya City high-rise complex.


title: NHK

text: NHK began experimental satellite broadcasting with the NHK BS 1 channel in 1984, followed by NHK BS 2 in 1985. Both channels began regular broadcasts in 1989. In April 2011, BS 1 was rebranded while BS 2 channel ceased broadcasting and was replaced by "BS Premium" which broadcasts on the channel formerly used by BShi.


title: NHK

text: International satellite broadcasts to North America and Europe began in 1995, which led to the launch of NHK World in 1998. It became free-to-air over the Astra 19.2°E (Astra 1L) and Eurobird satellites in Europe in 2008.


title: NHK

text: NHK began digital television broadcasting in December 2000 through BS Digital, followed by terrestrial digital TV broadcasts in three major metropolitan areas in 2003. NHK's digital television coverage gradually expanded to cover almost all of Japan by 24 July 2011, when analog transmissions were discontinued (except in three prefectures that were heavily affected by the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami – Iwate, Miyagi, Fukushima – where it was discontinued on 31 March 2012).


title: NHK

text: From 1963 to 1999, NHK published the journal "Studies of broadcasting: an international annual of broadcasting science".


title: NHK

text: NHK is a dependent corporation chartered by the Japanese Broadcasting Act and primarily funded by license fees. NHK World broadcasting (for overseas viewers/listeners) is funded by the Japanese government. The annual budget of NHK is subject to review and approval by the Diet of Japan. The Diet also appoints the twelve-member board of governors (経営委員会 "keiei iinkai") that oversees NHK.


title: NHK

text: NHK is managed on a full-time basis by an consisting of a president, vice president and seven to ten managing directors who oversee the areas of NHK operations. The executive board reports to the board of governors.


title: NHK

text: NHK is funded by , a system analogous to the license fee used in some English-speaking countries. The Broadcasting Act which governs NHK's funding stipulates anyone with equipment able to receive NHK must pay. The fee is standardized, with discounts for office workers and students who commute, as well a discount for residents of Okinawa prefecture. For viewers making annual payments by credit card with no special discounts, the reception fee is 13,600 yen per year for terrestrial reception only, and 24,090 yen per year for both terrestrial and broadcast satellite reception.


title: NHK

text: However, the Broadcasting Act specifies no punitive actions for nonpayment; as a result, after a rash of NHK-related scandals including an accounting one, the number of people who had not paid the license fee surpassed one million watchers. This incident sparked debate over the fairness of the fee system. In 2006, the NHK opted to take legal action against those most flagrantly in violation of the law.


title: NHK

text: This fee and how it is charged is unpopular with some citizens. This led to the formation of The Party to Protect the People from NHK (, "NHK kara Kokumin wo Mamoru Tō"), also known as , a single-issue political party, which has protested this fee with representatives in the upper house.


title: NHK

text: NHK offers local, national, and world news reports. "NHK News 7" airs daily and is broadcast bilingually with both Japanese and English audio tracks on NHK General TV and NHK's international channels TV Japan and NHK World Premium. The flagship news program "News Watch 9" is also bilingual and also airs on NHK General TV and the international channels and NHK World Premium. "World News", a program which airs bulletins from international broadcasters interpreted in Japanese, is aired on NHK BS1 with "Catch! Sekai no Top News" in the morning and "International News Report" at night, with the latter also airing on NHK World Premium. News on NHK BS1 is aired at 50 minutes past the hour except during live sport events.


title: NHK

text: NHK also offers news for the deaf (which airs on NHK Educational TV), regional news (which airs on NHK General TV) and children's news. "Newsline" is an English-language newscast designed for foreign viewers and airs on NHK World.


title: NHK

text: In his book "Broadcasting Politics in Japan: NHK and Television News", Ellis S. Krauss states: 'In the 1960s and 1970s, external critics of NHK news were complaining about the strict neutrality, the lack of criticism of government, and the 'self-regulation in covering events'. Krauss claims that little had changed by the 1980s and 1990s. After the Fukushima nuclear disaster in 2011, NHK was criticised for underplaying the dangers from radioactive contamination.


title: NHK

text: Under the Broadcasting Act, NHK is under the obligation to broadcast early warning emergency reporting in times of natural disasters such as earthquakes and tsunamis. Their national network of seismometers in cooperation with the Japan Meteorological Agency makes NHK capable of delivering earthquake early warnings seconds after detection, as well as a more detailed report with Shindo intensity measurements within two-to-three minutes after the quake. They also broadcast air attack warnings in the event of war, using the J-Alert system.


title: NHK

text: All warnings are broadcast in Japanese, with tsunami warnings also delivered in four foreign languages: English, Mandarin Chinese, Korean and Portuguese (Japan has small Chinese, Korean and Brazilian populations). The warnings were broadcast in these languages during the 11 March 2011 earthquake and tsunami.


title: NHK

text: NHK broadcasts sumo wrestling, baseball games, Olympic Games, soccer games, and a range of other sports. Their broadcast of the last two days of October 1952's autumn sumo tournament became the first ever televised sports broadcast in Japan.


title: NHK

text: The NHK Symphony Orchestra, financially sponsored by NHK, was formerly (until 1951) the Japanese Symphony Orchestra. Its website details the orchestra's history and ongoing concert programme. Since 1953, NHK has broadcast the "Kōhaku Uta Gassen" song contest on New Year's Eve, ending shortly before midnight.


title: NHK

text: A sentimental morning show, a weekly jidaigeki and a year-long show, the "Taiga drama", spearhead the network's fiction offerings.


title: NHK

text: The longest running children's show in Japan, started broadcasting in 1959 and still airs to this day Monday-Friday 17:36-18:00 JST, Sunday 17:30-17:54 JST with rebroadcasts Tuesday-Sunday 5:00-5:24 JST on NHK World Premium.


title: NHK

text: In 2007, three employees of NHK were fined and fired for insider trading. They had profited by trading shares based on exclusive NHK knowledge.


title: NHK

text: On 11 July 2008, NHK introduced a ban prohibiting stock trading by employees, numbering around 5,700, who had access to its internal news information management system. The employees were required to pledge in writing that they would not trade in stocks, and were required to gain approval from senior staff in order to sell shares they already held. NHK banned short-term stock trading completed in periods of six months or less for all other employees.


title: NHK

text: The ban did not extend to employees' families, nor did NHK request any reports on their transactions.


title: NHK

text: On 24 July 2013, a reporter at NHK Metropolitan Broadcasting Center died of congestive heart failure. In May 2014, Shibuya Labor Standards Inspection Office of the Tokyo Labor Bureau certified it as a "karōshi" (overwork death). Although NHK did not report on this matter, it was announced in October 2017. Ryōichi Ueda, the chairman of NHK, visited the reporter's parents' home and apologized to them.


title: NHK

text: , the 21st head of NHK, caused controversy by discussing Japan's actions in World War II at his first news conference after being appointed on 20 December 2013. It was reported Momii said NHK should support the Japanese government in its territorial dispute with China and South Korea. He also caused controversy by what some describe as the playing down of the comfort women issue in World War II, according to the "Taipei Times", stating "[South] Korea's statements that Japan is the only nation that forced this are puzzling. 'Give us money, compensate us', they say, but since all of this was resolved by the Japan-Korea peace treaty, why are they reviving this issue? It's strange." It was subsequently reported by "The Japan Times" that on his first day at NHK Momii asked members of the executive team to hand in their resignation on the grounds they had all been appointed by his predecessor.


title: NHK

text: At the end of April 2014, a number of civil society groups protested against Katsuto Momii's continuing tenure as director-general of NHK. One of the groups, the , issued a public letter asking for the resignation of Momii on the grounds the remarks he made at his inaugural press conference were explosive. The letter stated that if Momii did not resign by the end of April that its members would freeze their payments of the licence fee for half a year.


title: NHK

text: On 17 October 2014, "The Times" claimed to have received internal NHK documents which banned any reference to the Rape of Nanking, to Japan's use of wartime sex slaves during World War II, and to its territorial dispute with China in its English-language broadcasting.


title: NHK

text: On 10 June 2020, NHK apologized and took down an 80-second video about the Black Lives Matter movement and George Floyd protests that was criticized for its "crude" animation of protesters and its focus on economic inequality rather than police brutality.


title: NHK

text: An official statement was released through NHK's official website signed by Yuichi Tabata, head of NHK's International News Division.


title: NHK

text: On 9 January 2022, NHK issued an apology over false allegations made in Director Naomi Kawase's Tokyo Olympics documentary. Kawase was selected by the IOC in 2018 to cover Japanese reactions to the event and later, during the Coronavirus pandemic. Footage and captions in the documentary alleged that protesters were being paid money to attend anti-Olympics rallies. One of the men interviewed later stated he was "unsure" if he had actually attended any anti-Olympics rallies. NHK Osaka cited "editorial oversights" and "deficiencies in research," issuing an apology. Some anti-Olympic activists demanded that the documentary should be removed. Some activists were concerned that the misinformation was spread by NHK to silence those who


title: NHK

text: opposed Tokyo Olympics during the pandemic. NHK denied that the footage was deliberately fabricated to mislead the public.


title: Future Nostalgia

text: Future Nostalgia is the second studio album by English-Albanian singer Dua Lipa, released on 27 March 2020 by Warner Records. Lipa enlisted writers and producers such as Jeff Bhasker, Ian Kirkpatrick, Stuart Price, the Monsters & Strangerz, and Koz to create a "nostalgic" pop and disco record with influences from dance-pop and electronic music, inspired by the music that Lipa enjoyed during her childhood.


title: Future Nostalgia

text: The album spawned six singles, along with the title track as a promotional single. "Don't Start Now" was released on 31 October 2019, as the album's lead single, attaining both critical and commercial success. The song peaked at number 2 on the "Billboard" Hot 100 chart. "Physical" and "Break My Heart" were released as the second and third singles, respectively, both reaching the top 10 on the UK Singles Chart. "Hallucinate" and a remix of "Levitating" featuring DaBaby were released as the fourth and fifth singles on 17 July and 1 October 2020, respectively; the latter earned the album its second top-two single on the Hot 100 and the third top-ten of Lipa's career, following "New Rules" (2017), and would go on to become the most played song of 2021 in the United States.


title: Future Nostalgia

text: "Love Again" was released as the sixth single in France on 11 March 2021 and globally on 4 June 2021. The album was originally scheduled to be released on 3 April 2020 but was moved forward after leaking in its entirety two weeks earlier. To promote the album, Lipa embarked on the Future Nostalgia Tour, which commenced in February 2022 after being postponed three times due to the COVID-19 pandemic.


title: Future Nostalgia

text: Upon its release, "Future Nostalgia" received universal acclaim from music critics, many of whom praised the production and its cohesion. Commercially, the album topped the charts in fifteen countries and reached the top ten in thirty-one countries. In the United Kingdom, it peaked atop the UK Albums Chart for four non-consecutive weeks, becoming her first album to do so as well as garnering her first-ever nomination for the Mercury Prize, and earning the Brit Award for British Album of the Year. At the 63rd Annual Grammy Awards, "Future Nostalgia" was nominated for Album of the Year and won Best Pop Vocal Album, whilst "Don't Start Now" was nominated for Record of the Year, Song of the Year and Best Pop Solo Performance.


title: Future Nostalgia

text: "Future Nostalgia" was succeeded by its remix album, "Club Future Nostalgia", released on 28 August 2020. A French edition of "Future Nostalgia" was released on 27 November 2020, which yielded the single "Fever". A reissue of the album, subtitled "The Moonlight Edition", was released through Warner on 11 February 2021, along with its lead single, "We're Good".


title: Future Nostalgia

text: After the release of "Dua Lipa: Complete Edition" in October 2018, the expanded deluxe edition of Lipa's debut album, and the single "Swan Song" in January 2019, released in promotion of "" (2019), Lipa confirmed that she was working on a new album. In October 2019, Lipa began teasing the album as a new "era," before clearing her social media later that month to announce the lead single, "Don't Start Now". Lipa stated that she cleared her social media in order to prove to herself that social media wasn't real, that one could post and choose to use platforms any way they wanted. She further elaborated that she wanted to start fresh with her new album, but she would always have her memories. Whilst promoting "Don't Start Now", Lipa confirmed that she would be announcing the album in late November or early December 2019, along with the release of the title track.


title: Future Nostalgia

text: On 1 December 2019, Lipa revealed the album title through a tattoo on her left bicep with the title, "Future Nostalgia", while also announcing its accompanying arena tour of the same name and that the album would be released in 2020. The following month, three songs ("Physical", "Break My Heart", and "If It Ain't Me", an unreleased collaboration with Normani) leaked online in a security breach. Shortly after on 29 January 2020, Lipa announced that the album would be released on 3 April of that year. The following day, the track list was revealed and the album was made available for pre-order. In late March, the entire album leaked and the release was brought forward by a week to 27 March 2020. Lipa additionally expressed her concern about releasing the album during the COVID-19 pandemic.


title: Future Nostalgia

text: The cover artwork of "Future Nostalgia" was shot by French photographer, Hugo Comte, who also handled the creative direction and the photographs associated with the album's campaign, with Guillaume Sbalchiero handling the design. It was shot on 13 November 2019, and Lipa revealed it on 29 January 2020, along with the album's release date announcement. During shooting the promotional photography, Comte had one song on repeat for each shot to get Lipa in the mood for him to get the right shot.


title: Future Nostalgia

text: The cover artwork of "Future Nostalgia" features Lipa in a Googie-esque retro vehicle, one that could be seen in the "Pulp Fiction" (1994) 1950s-themed restaurant scene. A dark sky with a blue moon, which was a stylistic choice, appears behind her. Lipa wears a 1950s-style button-down pink shirt, which is tied in a knot around her waist. Her accessories include gold hooped earrings, with a normal one in one ear and a misshaped one in the other, and numerous rings. She also wears long white gloves, which she holds the steering wheel with. Lipa has her blonde and brunette hair up in a bun.


title: Future Nostalgia

text: Lipa originally intended to call the album "Glass House". After working on the album for nearly a year, Lipa came up with a new album title, "Future Nostalgia", while on the way to a radio show in Las Vegas around the time of the 2018 American Music Awards. After figuring it out, Lipa messaged her A&R, in which they responded that it's like a baby name, they couldn't tell anyone. She wanted to create a record with the nostalgic memories of her childhood and the music her parents listened to and put a modern spin on it with futuristic elements, which is why she ultimately went with the title. It is meant to describe "a future of infinite possibilities while tapping into the sound and mood of some older music." "Glass House" was later used as a lyric in the album's title track.


title: Future Nostalgia

text: Lipa began work on "Future Nostalgia" in January 2018 and finished in November 2019. However, during the first year of production, she was still promoting her first album on the Self-Titled Tour and was still figuring out the direction she wanted to go in. Lipa had begun thinking of ideas for the album before "Dua Lipa" was released in June 2017. After figuring out the album's title, she worked backwards figuring out the sound and lyrical content she desired. She challenged herself to break out of her comfort zone to make music that could sit alongside her favourite classic pop songs, being inspired by Gwen Stefani, Madonna, Kylie Minogue, Moloko, Blondie, and Outkast. After touring, Lipa aspired to have a more live element on the record, mixed with a modern electronic production, but to still have the pop sensibility of her first record. Lipa thought that her sound had "naturally matured."


title: Future Nostalgia

text: The majority of the album was recorded in a nine-month period after figuring out its title, where she had sessions every day, including ones at Geejam Studios in Jamaica. Lipa recorded upwards of nearly 60 songs for the album, including unreleased collaborations with producers Max Martin, Nile Rodgers, Mark Ronson, and Pharrell Williams, as well as a collaboration with Normani titled "If It Ain't Me", and "Bad To You", a song with Ariana Grande. "Bad To You" was later released by Grande, Normani, and Nicki Minaj on the "" after Lipa and Grande were unable to finish their respective parts due to scheduling conflicts. A planned collaboration with Katy Perry titled "Ball & Chain" was also canceled due to scheduling issues. Another song that was intended for the album, but did not make the cut, "Retrograde", was later recorded by Aleyna Tilki and released as her debut English-language single. Lipa's single "Un Día (One Day)" with J Balvin, Bad Bunny, and Tainy was revealed to be recorded during sessions for "Future Nostalgia".


title: Future Nostalgia

text: "Future Nostalgia" is a dance-pop, electropop, nu-disco, pop-funk, and synth-pop record, with several 1980s and retrofuturism tropes, and elements of Eurodance, hi-NRG, house, techno, and R&B. Described by Lipa as a "nostalgic" pop record that "feels like a dancercise class," she took inspiration from the music of the 1970s, 1980s, 1990s, and 2000s to create a sound that felt familiar and brand-new at the same time. The album's structure includes sticky-sweet choruses, and catchy pop hooks, while it has campy productions, consisting of funk bass guitars, electronic beats, rubbery basslines, robotic vocoder backing vocals, chunky synths, lush strings, percolating drums, house-influenced piano chords, and disco strings. The album has themes of the transformative nature of romance, sex, inequality, empowerment, self-possession, the exploration of vulnerability, falling in love, breaking up, vulnerability, equality, hope, flirtation and affection.


title: Future Nostalgia

text: Critics notes similarities between the tracks on "Future Nostalgia" and the works of Blondie, Chic, Daft Punk, Lady Gaga, Gloria Gaynor, Debbie Harry, Jamiroquai, Madonna ("Confessions on a Dance Floor", 2005), Kylie Minogue ("Fever", 2001), Moloko, Olivia Newton-John, No Doubt, Outkast, Prince, and Nile Rodgers. Neil Z. Yeung of AllMusic described the sound of "Future Nostalgia" as "'70s disco, '80s dance-pop, and '90s club jams." In her review for "The Independent", Helen Brown stated that Lipa "channels the zingy, electro-ambitions of the 1980s with remarkable freshness." "Pitchfork"s Anna Gaca viewed it as "a collection of sophisticated, hard-bodied pop-funk that gives way to slick, [Minogue]-inspired disco." Mesfin Fekadu from ABC News regarded the album as "a collection of upbeat, dance-flavoured, power pop gems."


title: Future Nostalgia

text: "Future Nostalgia" opens with its title track, a playful and fun synth-pop and electro-funk song, with house, hip hop, and disco elements. It has an electronic production, that includes electroclash synths, disco beats, funk and grunge bass-popping, and a jazz piano progression. In the song, Lipa name-drops its producer, Jeff Bhasker, and American architect, John Lautner, while vocally making use of falsetto and spoken word deliveries. Lyrically, it deals with themes of feminism and self-reflection. The following track and lead single, "Don't Start Now", has empowerment themes and sees Lipa addressing an ex-lover about moving on from a relationship, using direct bullet point instructions. She uses her lower-register vocals, over a production consisting of cowbells, accented disco strings, and a rhythm guitar loop. Musically, it is a nu-disco song with elements of dance-pop and Eurodance. Synth-pop cut, "Cool", has inspirations from 1980s music and Prince. The song is about the initial rush of falling in love, painting a picture of a summer romance, with confidence and vulnerability themes, and reckless, youthful energy. Driven by a funk bass, glitter gel noises and a drum line embody the production, whilst Lipa contributes R&B vocals, with hopeful tones.


title: Future Nostalgia

text: "Physical" has a message of female strength, not needing a man to save them, with lyrics about an intense and lustful relationship. A power pop and synth-pop song, it includes dance-rock, dark wave, and Italo disco elements, while Lipa's lower register vocal performance uses deadpan, spoken word, belts, and chants. The song shares a chorus line with Olivia Newton-John's 1981 single of the same name, and includes sawtooth wave synths, a synth flute, and hi-hats in its production. "Levitating" is an electro-disco, pop-funk, and nu-disco track, with elements of dance-pop, electronic, 1990s pop and R&B, power pop and space rock genres. It includes a Blondie-influenced rap by Lipa, while having nu-disco rhythms, disco strings, and talk box vocals production-wise. Lyrically, Lipa exposes her feelings for a significant other, through numerous outer space references. Electro-R&B track, "Pretty Please", has disco-pop details and soft-spoken vocals. Driven by a bass and click, the song has a stripped-back production, emphasizing its guitars and synths, while also including cowbells and pitch-modulated vocal effects. The lyrics see Lipa attempting to be really chill at the beginning of a relationship, but realizing that is unlike her, as she pleas for stress relief from her partner who slows that down.


title: Future Nostalgia

text: Described by Lipa as her "festival song," "Hallucinate" is a disco and house track, with dance, electro swing, psychedelic, and synth-pop elements. Lipa showcases her higher vocal register, and contributes a 1990s diva hook. Lyrically, the song describes how crazy love can make one feel, over a production consisting of pianissimo synths, hi-hats, and orchestrations. Lipa's favourite song on the record, "Love Again", is a dance-pop, disco, and electro song, with a classic sound, that includes a sample of the trumpet from Lew Stone's 1932 recording "My Woman". The 21st-century nu-disco production is made up of orchestrations, including 1970s disco strings, violins, and an acoustic guitar. Its lyrics have heartbreak and personal growth themes, which see a faithful Lipa offering her heart to a new partner after an upsetting breakup. Lipa describes "Break My Heart" as a "celebration of vulnerability," seeing her question whether a new love will leave her broken-hearted, with lyrics comparing it to the COVID-19 pandemic's social distancing measures. It interpolates rhythm guitar melody from "Need You Tonight" (1987) by INXS, alongside Europop and dance beats, disco violins, and a techno-adjacent bassline as the production. Musically, it is a disco and dance-pop song, with a retro-futuristic sound, and elements of funk and house.


title: Future Nostalgia

text: "Good in Bed", is a hip hop, R&B and funk-pop song, which was widely compared to the works of Lily Allen. Its production uses off-kilter jazz piano plinking, gum-popping sound effects, and lo-fi keys, with fairy-like backing vocal harmonies, and Lipa contributing high octave whispers. The album's sole explicit track, it uses bad, mad, and sad rhymes, with lyrics about a relationship where good sex is the only thing holding two people together. "Future Nostalgia" closes with "Boys Will Be Boys", a baroque pop and chamber pop ballad turned anthem, with gospel elements. Lipa makes use of belting and chanting, over a melodramatic melody, disco beats, layered choral arrangements, marching band drums, and orchestral strings. Lyrically, the song speaks about the growing pains girls experience and how they have to grow up so fast, taking aim at male violence, sexual harassment, toxic masculinity, double standards, and misogyny, while having empowerment and feminism themes.


title: Future Nostalgia

text: The album was issued on 27 March 2020, by Warner Records, Lipa's second to be released under the label. The standard edition was released on CD, cassette, vinyl, digital download and streaming. The vinyl was released on both coloured vinyl and a picture disc and the cassette was released in gold, pink, blue and yellow colours. The album was also released with a boxset that contains a yellow 12" vinyl, a photography book from the album's photoshoot, an art print, a thank you note from Lipa, a tattoo replica of Lipa's "Future Nostalgia" tattoo, stickers and one of five polaroid images. The Japanese edition of the album was released on CD on 3 April 2020, the album's intended release date. It contains three additional tracks, two remixes of "Don't Start Now" and a remix of "Physical". Two new editions of the album were released on 27 November 2020: a new CD edition with "Levitating" feat. DaBaby and "Fever" with Angèle as bonus tracks packaged in a slipcase and the bonus 2CD edition which includes the original album along with "Levitating" feat. DaBaby as a bonus track on the first disc plus the DJ Mix version of "Club Future Nostalgia" remix album on the second disc. The first was released exclusively in France while the latter was released worldwide.


title: Future Nostalgia

text: Lipa headlined the Sydney Gay and Lesbian Mardi Gras on 29 February 2020, where her set included the first live performance of "Physical". Lead single "Don't Start Now" was promoted with award show performances, including ones at the 2019 MTV Europe Music Awards, 2019 American Music Awards, and 2019 ARIA Music Awards, as well as talk show performances on "The Graham Norton Show", "The Ellen DeGeneres Show", and "The Late Late Show with James Corden". "Break My Heart" received virtual performances on "The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon", "Big Brother Brasil 20", and "". On 30 March 2020, "Break My Heart", "Love Again" and "Pretty Please" were performed in a live stream for Amazon Music UK. On 29 May 2020, Lipa performed "Love Again", "Pretty Please" and "Don't Start Now" in a charity livestream for the COVID-19 pandemic. She performed acoustic versions of "Break My Heart" and "Pretty Please" for the "FIFA 21" world premiere. "Levitating", "Pretty Please", "Love Again", and "Don't Start Now" were performed during her NPR Tiny Desk Concert. Lipa performed "Boys Will Be Boys" at the "Billboard" Women in Music ceremony, where she also was honoured with the Powerhouse Award.


title: Future Nostalgia

text: On 28 October 2020, Lipa announced her Studio 2054 livestream concert, in support of the album, which took place on 27 November 2020. Lipa also announced the Future Nostalgia Tour in support of the album. The tour began on 9 February 2022 in Miami, and consists of 69 announced shows. The tour was postponed from its original 2020 spring-summer date due to the COVID-19 pandemic.


title: Future Nostalgia

text: "Don't Start Now" was released as the album's lead single on 31 October 2019. The song was serviced to contemporary hit radio formats in Australia, Italy, the United Kingdom, and the United States. It received acclaim from music critics, many of whom praised its disco and 1980s elements, while also noting the growth in Lipa's sound and vocals. The song was a commercial success peaking at number two on both the UK Singles Chart and the US "Billboard" Hot 100, with the latter becoming her first top three entry on the chart, while also being certified double platinum in both countries. It additionally entered the top 10 in over 40 other countries, while also being certified platinum or higher in over 10 separate countries. The song's music video was directed by Nabil Elderkin and filmed in Brooklyn. It features clips of Lipa at a masquerade ball and in a crowded nightclub. Numerous remixes for "Don't Start Now" have been released, including ones by Dom Dolla, Kungs, and Regard.


title: Future Nostalgia

text: "Physical" was released as the album's second single on 30 January 2020, after its title was revealed in a Spotify advertisement earlier in the month. The song was serviced to contemporary hit radio formats in the United Kingdom, Australia, and Italy. The song received positive reviews from critics, with many praising its 1980s elements. It reached number three on the UK Singles Chart, and number 60 on the US "Billboard" Hot 100, despite not having had an American radio release. It has been awarded a platinum certification in Canada, Spain, and the United Kingdom, while going diamond in Brazil. The music video for "Physical" was directed by Catalan production team, Canada, and filmed at Fira de Barcelona in Plaça d'Espanya, Barcelona. The visual is based on a Venn diagram by Swiss artist duo Peter Fischli and David Weiss from their series of works "Order and Cleanliness" (1981), and features Lipa and a group of dancers dancing in a warehouse, while incorporating anime-inspired animation. The song was further promoted with the release of a 1980s-inspired workout video, directed by Daniel Carberry, and featuring Lipa and the class members leading viewers through fitness routines. A remix of "Physical" featuring South Korean singer Hwasa of girl group Mamamoo was released on 17 March 2020.


title: Future Nostalgia

text: "Break My Heart" was announced as the album's third single on "Sunrise", and was released on 25 March 2020, after previously being scheduled to be released two days later. The song was serviced to contemporary hit radio formats in Australia, Italy, the United Kingdom, and the United States, becoming the album's second official single in the US, while also being serviced to adult contemporary radio formats in the latter two countries. It generated positive reviews from critics, who complimented its production. The song became Lipa's highest debut on the US "Billboard" Hot 100, where it debuted at 21. It eventually reached number 13 on the chart and number 6 on the UK Singles Chart. It has additionally peaked within the top 10 of 17 other countries. The Henry Scholfield-directed video was shot in Bulgaria and inspired by Pedro Almodóvar and the 1990s. It features a set of slide clips, with Lipa in many scenarios, going from vulnerable to empowered. An animated video directed by Marco Pavone was also released, featuring Lipa in search of a crystal heart and fighting off giant robots. Remixes by Jax Jones and Joris Voorn were also released.


title: Future Nostalgia

text: "Hallucinate" was announced in July 2020 to be released as the album next single, officially impacting contemporary hit radio formats in the United Kingdom on 17 July 2020 as the album's fourth single. Like its predecessor, it received positive reviews for its production, while commercially reaching number 31 on the UK Singles Chart. The Lisha Tan-directed animated music video was inspired by the 1970s and Studio 54, and created during the COVID-19 pandemic, with teams of animators working in Paris, London, and Los Angeles. The visual features Lipa going on a psychedelic, hallucinatory adventure after smelling a flower. Remixes of "Hallucinate" by Paul Woolford and Tensnake have been released.


title: Future Nostalgia

text: After being announced as a single in August 2020 and being promoted to radio as a promotional single, a remix of "Levitating" featuring American rapper DaBaby was released as the fifth single from "Future Nostalgia" on 1 October 2020. It also serves as the album's third single in the United States, impacting contemporary hit radio formats in the country five days later.


title: Future Nostalgia

text: "Fever" with Belgian singer Angèle was released on 29 October 2020 as the sixth single exclusively in France and Belgium promoting the French edition of "Future Nostalgia". The song peaked at number 79 on the UK Singles Charts, as well as reaching the summit of both the Ultratop Wallonia and Flanders charts of Belgium and in France. It additionally entered the top 10 of charts in Hungary and Switzerland. The song received a music video on 6 November 2020 that was directed by , and features Lipa and Angèle exploring the streets of London. The two promoted the single with a performance at the 2020 NRJ Music Awards.


title: Future Nostalgia

text: "Love Again" was announced on 11 March 2021 to be released as the album's next single, officially impacting contemporary hit radio formats in France as the album's sixth single.


title: Future Nostalgia

text: The title track was confirmed to be released as a promotional single in November 2019 and was officially released as the only one on 13 December 2019, being released to keep Lipa's fans engaged until 2020. It was met with mixed to positive reviews from critics, with many praising the production and lyrics, and many commenting on its experimental nature. The song became moderately successful in Europe, entering charts in Ireland, Scotland, and Spain, while reaching number 63 on the UK Singles Downloads Chart, and 11 on the NZ Hot Singles Chart. The song was accompanied by a lyric video, set in a retro 1960s house on a small lake, where Lipa dances, drinks alcohol and hits golf balls.


title: Future Nostalgia

text: Following the release of "Future Nostalgia", Lipa teased the release of tracks that did not make it to the album's standard edition, stating "I have a couple of songs that I've worked on, and that I kind of put aside for a second wind, so that's all to be discussed". Lipa further explained that she had always planned a reissue as she was very "cutthroat" when choosing the standard edition songs. In April 2020, she confirmed "Future Nostalgia" would receive a deluxe reissue and further teased it while serving as a guest "Watch What Happens Live with Andy Cohen" the following month. In July 2020, a fan commented on one of Lipa's Instagram posts asking for the release of the "Future Nostalgia" B-sides; Lipa replied and confirmed their release and also stated that she has "enough [music] to hold [her fans] all the way through till 2022".


title: Future Nostalgia

text: Lipa described "Fever" as an introduction to the B-sides. In a YouTube chat with her fans for the release of its music video, Lipa announced that the B-sides would be released in 2021. In January 2021, Lipa further teased the B-sides release with a post on social media with the caption "B-sides are on the way". She further teased it through until the next month. On 4 February 2021 Dua officially announced the reissue day and its title, "Future Nostalgia: The Moonlight Edition". "The Moonlight Edition" was released one week later on 11 February 2021, alongside the reissue's lead single "We're Good".


title: Future Nostalgia

text: "Future Nostalgia" received widespread acclaim from critics. At Metacritic, which assigns a normalised rating out of 100 to reviews from professional publications, the album has an average score of 88, based on 19 reviews. Aggregator AnyDecentMusic? gave it 8.5 out of 10, based on their assessment of the critical consensus. According to Metacritic, "Future Nostalgia" is the 15th most acclaimed album released in 2020.


title: Future Nostalgia

text: Writing for "NME", Rhian Daly wrote that ""Future Nostalgia" is a bright, bold collection of pop majesty to dance away your anxieties to... if only for a little while". Chris Taylor of "The Line of Best Fit" praised Lipa's direction for the album, saying ""Future Nostalgia" is an artist in total control. It's built on such an addictive carefree spirit that it's hard not to let loose and go with it. The greatest pop star of this generation? That's for you to decide. But "Future Nostalgia" makes a very convincing argument that Dua Lipa just might be". Chris Willman of "Variety" praised the album's musical direction, writing "after calling it a great disco record, we might also call "Future Nostalgia" a great MTV-era album that just happens to be not of the MTV era". Writing for "Rolling Stone", Brittany Spanos also praised the album's musical direction, writing ""Future Nostalgia" is a breathtakingly fun, cohesive and ambitious attempt to find a place for disco in 2020".


title: Future Nostalgia

text: Writing for "DIY", Elly Watson wrote "this album has proved: Dua will be going down in pop history as one of the best". Laura Snapes of "The Guardian" complimented Lipa's choice of songs, writing "The 11-track "Future Nostalgia" offers neither features nor filler, and makes a strident case for Lipa as a pop visionary, not a vessel". Michael Cragg of "Crack" summarised the album as "packed with full-throttle choruses, supple melodies and lashings of attitude, "Future Nostalgia" is a neon-hued sound of one of the world's biggest pop stars smashing it out of the park". Similarly, Craig Jenkins of "Vulture" commended the "sturdy" songs, also writing that Minogue and Madonna are their "predecessors" sonically. Jenkins concluded that Lipa has "only scratched the surface of what she's capable of".


title: Future Nostalgia

text: In his Substack-published "Consumer Guide" column, Robert Christgau gave the album a and called it an "Olivia Newton-John tribute as dance smash as what-me-despair placebo, that deserves props for adding two keepers to that canon", namely the title track and "Good in Bed".


title: Future Nostalgia

text: "Future Nostalgia" placed in the top ten of the year-end lists of several publications, including being viewed as 2020's best album by Entertainment.ie, "Gaffa", "GQ", "People", "Slate" and "Vogue" India.


title: Future Nostalgia

text: "Future Nostalgia" debuted at number two on the UK Albums Chart with 34,390 units, only 550 units behind 5 Seconds of Summer's "Calm". In its second week, it reached the summit of the chart, with "Future Nostalgia" becoming Lipa's first UK number one album. The album would go on to top the chart for three more non-consecutive weeks. On 17 April 2020, it was certified Silver by the British Phonographic Industry (BPI) for selling over 60,000 units in the UK. The album holds the record for having the lowest one-week sales while at the top of the chart in the modern era, when it was number one the week beginning 15 May 2020 with sales of only 7,317. It was certified double Platinum by the BPI in 2022, having shifted over 600,000 units to date in the UK. In October 2021, the BBC's music correspondent Mark Savage noted that "Future Nostalgia" was the only British album released since the start of 2020 to have been certified Platinum by the BPI.


title: Future Nostalgia

text: Just like in the UK, "Future Nostalgia" entered the Australian album chart at number two before rising to the top in April 2020. After charting for almost a year the album climbed back to the number one spot in March 2021. It was certified Gold by the Australian Recording Industry Association for the 35,000 units sold. Following the release of the album's Australian tour edition vinyl in April 2022, the album returned to number one for a third non-consecutive week in its 108th week on the chart.


title: Future Nostalgia

text: The album topped the record charts of 14 countries, including Ireland, Finland, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Portugal, and Spain.


title: Future Nostalgia

text: "Future Nostalgia" debuted at number four on the US "Billboard" 200 dated 11 April 2020, with 66,000 album-equivalent units, including 18,000 pure album sales. A major improvement over her self-titled debut album (which peaked at number 27), it became Lipa's first top 10 album on the chart. The following week, the album dropped to number 8, with sales declining by 43% to nearly 38,000 units. It remained within the top ten in its third week. As of December 2020, the album has sold 931,000 album-equivalent units in the United States. After the release of its reissue "The Moonlight Edition" in February 2021, the album surged back at number seven on the "Billboard" 200, reaching the top 10 for the first time in 10 months with 32,000 album-equivalent units earned, increasing by 58% compared to the previous week. On the chart dated 27 March 2021, following Lipa's performance at the 63rd Annual Grammy Awards, one year after its initial release, the album reached a peak of number three on the chart, moving 37,000 album-equivalent units that week.


title: Future Nostalgia

text: According to the International Federation of the Phonographic Industry (IFPI), "Future Nostalgia" was the tenth most successful album of 2020 worldwide, with 3.3 million album-equivalent units sold. In 2021, the album once again made IFPI's Global Album All-Format Chart at number six.


title: Future Nostalgia

text: According to "Billboard", as of 2022, "Future Nostalgia" is one of the 15 best-performing 21st-century albums without any of its singles being number-one hits on the "Billboard" Hot 100. According to Tom Corson, co-chairman of Warner Records, Lipa has "the benefit of being a pioneer" for being "the first major pop star to release an album in quarantine". David Levesley of "GQ" magazine described "Future Nostalgia" as "the decade's first great pop album" and explained that the album "balances stadium anthems with also being a gospel of feminine excellence for all the teens looking to her for inspiration". while Chris Willman of "Variety" called the album the "Reigning Dance-Pop Album of the Century", compared it to Taylor Swift's "Folklore", and further wrote that both albums "barely seemed to exist in the same world, let alone genre, but they effectively captured a populace's polarized reactions to the cessation of normal life as anyone knew it". "Rolling Stone" described "Future Nostalgia" as "the disco liberation soundtrack we need" during COVID-19 pandemic.


title: Future Nostalgia

text: "The Daily Beast" called the album a "apocalypse game-changer" and emphasized that it will "have us dancing until the world ends". "The Wall Street Journal" called Lipa "one of the biggest breakout stars of lockdown" due to the critical and commercial success of the album. According to "BBC News", Lipa is one of the artists who brought the 80s back to the music industry. She was also one of the UK's most-played artist in 2020 as the album "proved to be the soundtrack to many people's quarantine, with its uplifting disco anthems providing the perfect antidote to isolation". Upon the release of Drake's "Honestly, Nevermind" and Beyoncé's "Renaissance", both in 2022, some publications cited "Future Nostalgia" along with Lady Gaga's album "Chromatica" as predictors of a house music revival.


title: Seven Summits

text: The Seven Summits are the highest mountains of each of the seven traditional continents. Climbing to the summit of all of them is regarded as a mountaineering challenge, first achieved on 30 April 1985 by Richard Bass. Climbing the Seven Summits and additionally reaching the North and South poles has been dubbed the Explorers Grand Slam.


title: Seven Summits

text: The Seven Summits are composed of each of the highest mountain peaks on each of the continents. Different lists include slight variations, but generally the same core is maintained. The seven summits depend on the definition used for a continent – in particular the location of the border of that continent. This results in two major points of variation. The first one is Mont Blanc versus Mount Elbrus for Europe, which depends on whether the crest of the Greater Caucasus Mountains is taken to define the Greater Caucasus watershed which marks the continental boundary between Asia and Europe for the region between the Black and Caspian seas; this classification would place Mount Elbrus in Asia instead of Europe. The second one is Puncak Jaya (also known as "Carstensz Pyramid") versus Mount Kosciuszko for the continent of Australia, which depends on whether one includes the Sahul Shelf or only mainland Australia as the continent. This also gives rise to another list called the "Eight Summits", which includes both Puncak Jaya and Mount Kosciuszko along with the six summits on the other continents.