title: Einstein family

text: Son of Naphtali Einstein and Helene Handle Steppach Husband of Rebecca Obernauer Father of Judith Einstein; Raphael Einstein; Abraham Rupert Einstein; Samuel Rupert Einstein; David Einstein and 1 other Brothers of Judith Jetle Einstein; Joseph Einstein;Daniel Einstein; Veit Hirsch Einstein and Helene Rieser


title: Einstein family

text: Son of David Veit Einstein and Caroline Einstein Husband of Helene Handle Steppach Father of Judith Jetle Einstein; Joseph Einstein;Daniel Einstein; Rupert Einstein; Veit Hirsch Einsteinand 1 other Brother of Moyses (Moses) Einstein


title: Einstein family

text: Son of Moyses Einstein and Judith Einstein Husband of Caroline Einstein Father of Moyses (Moses) Einstein and Naphtali Hirsch Einstein Brother of Joseph Einstein; Unknown Einstein;Abraham Einstein; Daniel Einstein and Leopold Einstein


title: Einstein family

text: Son of Baruch Moses Ainstein and Borichle Einstein; Husband of Judith Einstein; Father of Joseph Einstein, David Veit Einstein, Abraham Einstein, Daniel Einstein and 1 other.


title: Einstein family

text: Death: Died in Bad Buchau, between 1711 and 1719 Tübingen, Prince-Bishopric of Augsburg, Holy Roman Empire


title: Sharpe (TV series)

text: Sharpe is a British television drama series starring Sean Bean as Richard Sharpe, a fictional British soldier in the Napoleonic Wars, with Irish actor Daragh O'Malley playing his second in command Patrick Harper. Sharpe and Harper are the heroes of the "Sharpe" series of novels by Bernard Cornwell; most, though not all, of the episodes are based on the books. Produced by Celtic Films and Picture Palace Films for the ITV network, the series was filmed mainly in Crimea, with recording of other episodes in Turkey, England, Portugal and Spain. The two final episodes were filmed in Jaipur, India.


title: Sharpe (TV series)

text: The series originally ran from 1993 to 1997. In 2006, ITV premiered "Sharpe's Challenge", a two-part adventure loosely based on his time in India, with Sean Bean continuing his role as Sharpe; part one premiered on 23 April, with part two being shown the following night. With more gore than earlier episodes, the show was broadcast by BBC America in September 2006. Filming of "Sharpe's Peril", produced by Celtic Film/Picture Palace, began on 3 March 2008 in India. The first part was broadcast on ITV and UTV on 2 November 2008, with the second part shown a week later, although STV, the holders of the Northern and Central Scottish licensees of ITV, decided not to screen "Sharpe's Peril".


title: Sharpe (TV series)

text: "Sharpe's Challenge" and "Sharpe's Peril" were broadcast in the US in 2010 as part of PBS' Masterpiece Classic season. The complete series is available on VHS (excluding "Sharpe's Challenge" and "Sharpe's Peril"), DVD, Blu-ray, and iTunes. The Blu-ray and iTunes releases have been remastered in HD widescreen from the original filmstrips, with the former format available in a special collector's edition box set.


title: Sharpe (TV series)

text: At the beginning of the series, Richard Sharpe is a sergeant in the 95th Rifles serving in Portugal during the Peninsular War in 1809. When he single-handedly saves the life of General Sir Arthur Wellesley from a group of French cavalrymen, Wellesley gives Sharpe a battlefield commission, appointing him a lieutenant. Sharpe is placed in charge of a detachment of elite "chosen men" of the 95th Rifles. Patrick Harper eventually becomes his best friend and is promoted to sergeant and later sergeant major.


title: Sharpe (TV series)

text: Wellesley and his various spymasters, first Major Michael Hogan, followed by Major Nairn, Major Mungo Monroe and Major General Ross, find Sharpe to be an extremely capable and cunning officer and give him progressively more important tasks. Despite their backing, he has to fight against the strong prejudice of aristocrats (who often owe their army positions to money and social connections rather than to military skill) against an uncouth commoner raised from the ranks. He makes a number of dangerous enemies, such as French Major Pierre Ducos and Colonel Sir Henry Simmerson, and encounters one from his prior service in India, Sergeant Obadiah Hakeswill. Sharpe's successes gain him steady promotion, and by the end of the Napoleonic Wars, at the Battle of Waterloo, he is Lieutenant-Colonel Sharpe.


title: Sharpe (TV series)

text: Along the way, Sharpe has a number of romances. He marries the Spanish guerrilla leader Teresa Moreno, with whom he has a daughter. Teresa is killed by Hakeswill. Sharpe then marries Jane Gibbons, who deserts him, squanders his money, and takes a lover. He finally settles down with Lucille Castineau, a Frenchwoman who passes away some time after Napoleon's final defeat. (However, according to The Starbuck Chronicles, another series of Cornwell books, she outlives Sharpe.)


title: Sharpe (TV series)

text: Initially, Paul McGann was cast in the title role; however, two weeks into filming of the first episode in Ukraine, McGann injured his knee playing football and was forced to withdraw. When production started again a month later, Sean Bean was given the role because he was the only suitable replacement available at short notice. The first actor cast was Daragh O'Malley as Harper. The character of Rifleman Harris, played by Jason Salkey, did not exist in the books and was created for the television series. The producers wanted a "clever one" and took inspiration from a real soldier who was illiterate but had dictated his own recollections of the war, which were published.


title: Sharpe (TV series)

text: Some actors have played multiple roles in the series. Peter-Hugo Daly portrayed first Sergeant Rodd in "Sharpe's Gold" and then Bickerstaff, another unruly sergeant who dislikes Sharpe. Julian Fellowes played Major Warren Dunnett in "Sharpe's Rifles" and also the Prince Regent in "Sharpe's Regiment". Tony Haygarth was "Marshal" Pot-au-Feu in "Sharpe's Enemy" and Sir Willoughby Parfitt in "Sharpe's Justice".


title: Sharpe (TV series)

text: Cornwell dedicated the 12th book "Sharpe's Battle", to Sean Bean and said "When I write Sharpe these days, I hear Sean's voice."


title: Aimee Garcia

text: Aimee Sandimés Garcia López de Ordóñez (born November 28, 1978) is an American actress and writer. She is known for her television roles as Veronica Palmero on the ABC sitcom "George Lopez", Yvonne Sanchez on the CBS period drama "Vegas", Jamie Batista on the Showtime drama "Dexter" and Ella Lopez on the Fox/Netflix drama "Lucifer".


title: Aimee Garcia

text: Aimee Garcia was born in Chicago, Illinois. Her mother, Eloisa, is from Pachuca, Hidalgo, Mexico, and graduated from Northwestern University's dental school; her father, Hector, is from San Juan, Puerto Rico, and was in the U.S. Armed Forces. Garcia started acting in commercials as a child, and participated in theater at seven years old. She grew up in Oak Park, Illinois, where she attended Fenwick High School. While in school, she took acting classes at Piven Theatre Workshop. She appeared in local plays and musicals during her time at Northwestern University, where she triple majored in economics, journalism, and French. After graduating, she quit acting for a year and did finance work for a mutual fund analyst in Brooklyn, New York. Unsatisfied with the job, she moved to Los Angeles, California, around 2002 to pursue acting as her career.


title: Aimee Garcia

text: She portrayed Maria on The WB's "Greetings from Tucson", and appeared in the unaired pilot episode of "Global Frequency". She had a role in the Disney Channel original movie "Cadet Kelly" (2002), and co-starred, as Lydia, alongside Anthony Anderson in The WB sitcom "All About the Andersons". In 2006, she began appearing on the series "George Lopez", playing Lopez's niece.


title: Aimee Garcia

text: Garcia starred alongside Jessica Simpson in the comedy-drama "Major Movie Star" (2008). She also played a supporting role in the movie "D-War" (2007) and narrated the Adam Sandler film "Spanglish" (2004).


title: Aimee Garcia

text: From 2009 to 2010, she was in the cast of the Peter Berg NBC medical drama "Trauma", as EMT helicopter pilot Marisa Benez.


title: Aimee Garcia

text: Garcia spent three years on Showtime's "Dexter" as Jamie Batista, for which she was nominated for a SAG Award for Best Ensemble in Dramatic Television Series.


title: Aimee Garcia

text: In 2016, Garcia was added to the main cast for the second season of the Fox television series "Lucifer", playing LAPD forensic scientist Ella Lopez. In 2019, Garcia starred in the independent film "El Chicano", receiving praise from "The Hollywood Reporter" for her performance's "vivid impression".


title: Aimee Garcia

text: In 2019, Garcia formed a writing partnership with former professional wrestler AJ Mendez. Their first project was the comic book series "GLOW vs. The Babyface", based on the television series "GLOW"; the first of four issues was published by IDW Publishing in November 2019. In 2020, they created the production company Scrappy Heart Productions, dedicated to elevating diverse voices through storytelling. They went on to co-write the "Dungeons & Dragons" four-issue limited series "At the Spine of the World"; the first issue was published by IDW in November 2020. Alongside John Swetman, they co-wrote the screenplay for the 2022 Netflix film "Blade of the 47 Ronin".


title: Aimee Garcia

text: On May 4, 2021, the Chicago Red Stars of the National Women's Soccer League announced that Garcia had joined the women's soccer team's ownership group.


title: Annaatthe

text: Annaatthe () is an 2021 Indian Tamil-language action film directed by Siva and produced by Kalanithi Maran under the banner of Sun Pictures. The film stars Rajinikanth, Khushbu, Meena, Nayanthara and Keerthy Suresh. While Jagapathi Babu, Prakash Raj and Soori in prominent roles. The music for the film is composed by D. Imman while cinematography and editing are performed by Vetri and Ruben respectively. Kaalaiyan is a sarpanch in Thanjavur who adores his younger sister Thanga Meenatchi dearly and does everything to make her happy. When she elopes with her lover to Kolkata, he goes to great lengths to protect her from the clutches of an evil corporate businessman called Manoj Parekar and his elder brother Udhav Parekar a crime boss.


title: Annaatthe

text: The film was officially announced in October 2019, marking Rajinikanth's first collaboration with Siva. Principal photography for the film began on 11 December 2019, on the eve of the actor's birthday, and was completed within September 2021. The shooting process went on for one-and-a-half years, as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown in India and Rajinikanth's health issues in late-December 2020, delayed the film's production. The film was shot primarily in Ramoji Film City in Hyderabad, with few sequences shot at Chennai.


title: Annaatthe

text: "Annaatthe" was released on 4 November 2021, on the occasion of Diwali. The film received generally negative reviews from critics with criticism aimed at the film's over dramatic sentiments, the ensemble cast, wrong placement of scores and songs, generic action sequences, outdated plot, bland narration, old fashioned villains, melodrama, screenplay, runtime and dialogues, but Rajnikanth's performance and D. Imman's music direction received praise as the only worthwhile part of the film. Due to this, the film was a commercial failure at the box office and was only able to gross around upon its release.


title: Annaatthe

text: Kaalaiyan is a stereo typical sarpanch in Soorakkottai, Thanjavur who bows to moral fairness but don't know about feminism. These ideals lead him to clash with a rival village leader Nattadurai, who rules by fear. When Nattadurai tries to extort land from an old man, he hires Pattammal, a lawyer, to defend his case. Kaalaiyan exposes the truth and Pattammal withdrew the case. Pattammal and Kaalaiyaan soon fall in love.


title: Annaatthe

text: Kalaiyan's world revolves around his sister, Thanga Meenatchi, whom he has lovingly raised after the death of their parents. After she returns home having completed her education, Kaalaiyan faces difficulty in finding a groom for her as everyone is afraid of him. Kaalaiyan's annoying cousin sisters, Angayarkanni and Mangaiyarkarasi, both propose that their brothers marry Thanga Meenakshi. They had both wanted to marry Kaalaiyan but he had not agreed. A lot of drama follows. Thanga Meenakshi's marriage is arranged with Nattadurai's younger brother.


title: Annaatthe

text: The day of the wedding, Meenatchi escapes from his superstitious brother. Kaalaiyan dispatches a search party who catch Meenatchi on a train, trying to elope with her boyfriend from college. Torn by his love for his sister, Kaalaiyan allows Meenatchi to leave and staves off demands for an honour killing from relatives. Meenatchi shifts to Kolkata with her husband and loses contact with Kaalaiyan. Kaalaiyan and Pattamal travel to Kolkata. Kaalaiyan finds out that his sister has serious financial troubles. He secretly follows her and finds out she idiotically has borrowed money from a gangster.


title: Annaatthe

text: When the gangster tries to assault Meenatichi, Kaalaiyan secretly beats him up and moves Meenatchi to Pattammal's apartment, where he can watch her getting beat. Meenatchi is threatened by thugs watching her and falls ill. When Pattammal leaves the house to get her medicine, the thugs attack her. Kaalaiyan rescues her and interrogates the attackers, and learns the truth.


title: Annaatthe

text: When Meenatchi and her husband started a business in Kolkata, they were approached by Manoj Parekar, a wealthy businessman and underworld boss. Manoj wanted to purchase half of their shares but Meenatchi's husband had refused. Over the following weeks, Meenatchi's factory had caught fire, they were forced to shut it down, and her husband was arrested under trumped-up charges and was being tortured in police custody. Meenatchi had begged Manoj to get her husband released and signed over her company. Manoj had refused to get him released and got everyone who agreed to help her murdered.


title: Annaatthe

text: In the present, Meenatchi is still trying to get her husband released with Pattammal's help, only to realise that she is pregnant. Kaalaiyan is very happy on hearing this and he and Pattammal organise a baby shower for her.


title: Annaatthe

text: After learning the truth behind Meenatchi's misfortune, Kaalaiyan wanted to kill gangsters by using his sister as a bait and swears to destroy Manoj Parekar. Under the name of "Annaatthe", Kaalaiyan and his village friends storm Manoj's office and issues an ultimatum. After more drama, Annaatthe corners Manoj and forces him to sign his name on papers saying that he will return the companies he stole to their former owners. Kaalaiyan decides to spare Manoj's life.


title: Annaatthe

text: Humiliated, Manoj visits his estranged brother, Udhav Parekar, demanding Annaatthe be finished and then commits suicide. Udhav tracks down Meenatchi and brings men to attack her. Pattammal, instructed by Kaalaiyan, hides her. Pattammal and Meenatchi are chased by the men until the two are separated by a crashing auto-rickshaw. Kaalaiyaan arrives and clobbers all of Udhav's men and kills Udhav. He finally reveals himself to Meenatchi, who tearfully apologises for all the trouble she put her brother through.


title: Annaatthe

text: In mid-October 2019, media reports claimed that Rajinikanth will be working with director Siva, after the release of "Darbar" (2020), but it was later confirmed by Kalanithi Maran on 11 October 2019, whose production house Sun Pictures bankrolling the venture, tentatively titled the project as "Thalaivar 168", as it marks Rajinikanth's 168th film project. It also marks Rajinikanth's third collaboration with Sun Pictures after "Endhiran" and "Petta". Though composer D. Imman, who worked previously with the director in "Viswasam" (2019), was reported to score music for the film, his inclusion was confirmed by the producer in mid-November. It was reported that the movie will be titled as "Viyugam" and "Mannavan", however the team denied the rumours. The film's title "Annatha" was revealed on 24 February 2020, then the title had a slight change which named it "Annaatthe".


title: Annaatthe

text: Siva's usual technical crew, Vetri, Ruben, Milan and Dilip Subbarayan, who worked in the director's earlier films, excluding Subbarayan, as he worked with Siva only in "Viswasam", were reported to be the film's cinematographer, editor, art director and stunt choreographer respectively. Rajinikanth had penned some punch lines in his film. Initially, the actor was reported to be paid crore as his salary for the film, but Kalanithi Maran insisted him to decrease the salary post the failure of "Darbar" and was also ready to shelve the project if Rajinikanth had refused to do so. After much deliberation, Rajinikanth had reported to have agreed to decrease his salary.


title: Annaatthe

text: On 23 October 2019, Keerthy Suresh was signed in to act in a pivotal role. Later comedian Soori, was reported to play another prominent role. The inclusion of Soori and Suresh were confirmed by Sun Pictures on the mid-week of December 2019. Keerthy Suresh was reported to essay the role of Rajinikanth's step sister in the film. In December 2019, the producers also confirmed that Meena and Khushbu, will be the female leads for Rajinikanth in "Thalaivar 168". Prakash Raj and Sathish too joined the film's cast before the start of the shoot, with actor Vishwanth, who worked with Rajinikanth in "Kabali" (2016), too joined the cast. On 31 January 2020, Sun Pictures later announced that Nayanthara will also be a part of the film's cast, essaying the role of a lawyer in the film. Actor Vela Ramamoorthy, too joined the cast, essaying a crucial role. Telugu actor Gopichand, was reported to play the antagonist in the film, but however the actor refuted such claims. Jackie Shroff was hired to play the film's antagonist, but was replaced by Jagapathi Babu in March 2021. Abhimanyu Singh appeared in a pivotal role in August 2021. It will also be the posthumous film of Thavasi, who earlier appeared in "Varuthapadatha Valibar Sangam" (2013) and "Rajinimurugan" (2015).


title: Annaatthe

text: Principal photography of the film was commenced on 11 December 2019, on the eve of actor Rajinikanth's birthday. The film's cast and crew were present at the pooja ceremony held at the office of Sun TV Network in Chennai. Filming began on 18 December 2019, at Ramoji Film City in Hyderabad with a song shoot, while Khushbu joined shooting for her portions, a few days after filming began. Rajinikanth went to shoot for an episode of "Man vs. Wild" at the Bandipur forest in Karnataka, which resulted in delay of the film's shoot. After the announcement of Nayanthara's inclusion, the actress joined the sets in February 2020. The makers planned to shoot a few sequences in Kolkata and Pune after the completion of two schedules in Hyderabad, but dropped the idea due to the fear of COVID-19 pandemic and decided to continue the shoot at Hyderabad. Filming was further halted due to the pandemic.


title: Annaatthe

text: It was reported that the team will shoot some sequences in Chennai after lockdown since the team will find it difficult to head to Hyderabad for the shoot. After the government gave permissions to resume film and television production after the pandemic, Rajinikanth was reported to join the sets in October 2020. However the makers postponed the film's shooting to November, citing the team's safety. In mid November 2020, the makers officially stated that the shooting will resume on 15 December 2020 with Rajinikanth joining the schedule, and was expected to be completed within a single stretch in order to complete the shoot quickly. Rajinikanth headed to Hyderabad on 14 December and started the shoot before the scheduled date, with Nayanthara being present on the film's sets. Sources claimed that Rajinikanth worked for more than fourteen hours in order to complete the film's shoot, before the actor's entry into politics. But the film's shoot however was halted on 23 December 2020, after eight crew members were diagnosed with COVID-19, although Rajinikanth being tested negative, the actor has undergone self-quarantine in Hyderabad. However Rajinikanth was hospitalised on 25 December 2020, due to fluctuating blood pressure, and was discharged on 27 December.


title: Annaatthe

text: Following Rajinikanth's health, the makers planned to resume shooting in Chennai on 15 March 2021, with a single schedule being shot within 30 days. After Tamil Nadu state legislative assembly elections, Rajinikanth headed to Hyderabad for the next schedule shoot in April 2021. Shooting of the film happened at a brisk pace, despite night curfew and other restrictions. The team shot a few stunt sequences featuring Rajinikanth and for the night sequences, the team sought permission from the government as well as Hyderabad police to shoot the night scenes. The team ensured safety at the sets while filming at a brisk pace. Nayanthara joined the film's team in late April 2021, and scenes featuring Rajinikanth and Nayanthara were shot within three days.


title: Annaatthe

text: On 10 May 2021, it was announced that Rajinikanth had completed his portions for the film, except for few patchwork sequences. The final schedule of the film took place at a private studio in Chennai in July 2021. In August, except for minor portions the stunt sequences of the film had been wrapped up, with Rajinikanth and Khushbu began dubbing for their portions. With the final copy of the film being ready by September 2021, the film was sent to Central Board of Film Certification (CBFC) for public viewing, where the film got U/A certificate from the Censor Board. The film's final runtime is of 163 minutes, with the first half consisting of 83 minutes and the duration of the second half is about 80 minutes.


title: Annaatthe

text: The soundtrack for the film was composed by D. Imman, collaborating with actor Rajinikanth for the first time, and featured lyrics written by Thamarai, Viveka, Yugabharathi, Arun Bharathi, Mani Amuthavan and Arivu. In an interview with Sudhir Srinivasan of "The New Indian Express", Imman said that "Fans expect certain factors from Rajinikanth's songs. On the other hand, I want the album to carry my identity as well. I have to cater to both. In addition to that, Rajini sir is acting in a full-fledged rural entertainer after a while. So, the album should justify all these aspects." Composition of the songs held during January–March 2020, and after being interrupted due to COVID-19 pandemic lockdown in that month; was later resumed on November. The music works of the film were completed within February 2021. The album will reportedly have six tunes; five songs and a theme track, and feature lyrics written by Thamarai, Viveka, Yugabharathi, Arun Bharathi, Mani Amuthavan and Arivu. Imman said that the album will consist songs of varied genres: a mass track (which is the opening song of the film), melody, dance and festive numbers. Sun Pictures had planned to withhold the audio rights, along with the satellite and digital rights of the film and had planned to release the entire soundtrack the company. Veteran singer S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, had recorded an introduction song (later deciphered as "Annaatthe Annaatthe") for Rajinikanth in the film, which marks his last song before his death on 25 September 2020. Imman said that the track was considered to be the "best-ever opening song" for Rajinikanth. Other singers who crooned the songs from the music album were K.S. Chithra, Sid Sriram, Shreya Ghoshal, Anirudh Ravichander, Diwakar and the composer Imman himself. The soundtrack was reported to feature about five songs and a theme music; totally six tracks in the soundtrack album, and has varied genres — opening song, melody, dance and festive numbers. Deciding not to tie-up with music labels, Sun Pictures released the album through their own production house with lyric videos released on the official YouTube channel of Sun TV. The lyrics of all the songs were in Tamil texts instead of English lyrics. The opening track "Annaatthe Annaatthe" was the first to be released. Considering it as a heartfelt tribute to the deceased singer S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, Rajinikanth penned an emotional note about the singer, and finally saying that he will "live forever through his voice". Another two singles — "Saara Kaatrae" and "Marudhaani" — were released on 6 and 11 October 2021, respectively. The lyrical song "Vaa Saamy" was released on 25 October 2021, along with the audio jukebox on YouTube. The songs were later released through music streaming platforms. a week later, on 1 November 2021, without any promotional event due to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic restrictions. The soundtrack, included the earlier released singles, gained positive response from audience and topped the charts online.


title: Annaatthe

text: Initially "Annaatthe" was scheduled to release coinciding with the eve of Dusshera (25 October 2020). Later, in May 2020, Sun Pictures announced that the movie will be scheduled to release during the occasion of Pongal (14 January 2021). But the movie was postponed further citing the delay in filming due to the COVID-19 pandemic. In January 2021, the producers announced that the film will be released on 4 November 2021, coinciding with Diwali festival.


title: Annaatthe

text: Prior to the theatrical release, Rajinikanth watched the first show of the film, with his daughter Soundarya Rajinikanth, grandsons Yathra and Linga. Soundarya, in her newly launched social media platform Hoote, shared her review about the film, saying:


title: Annaatthe

text: The film will release in over 2100 theatres across the world, with 900 theatres belonging to India, due to "Enemy"s huge demand. and another 1193 screens in the overseas centres, a widest for a Tamil film after the COVID-19 lockdown. Naman Ramachandran of "Variety" magazine reported that, the film will release on 677 screens in United States, 17 screens in Canada, 110 screens in Malaysia, 23 screens in Singapore, 35 screens in the United Kingdom, 43 screens across Europe, 85 screens jointly in Australia and New Zealand, 117 screens in the United Arab Emirates and 86 screens in Sri Lanka. In the domestic regions, 600 screens were allotted by theatre owners across Tamil Nadu, for the film's release. On 30 October 2021, the advanced bookings for the film began at limited screens in Tamil Nadu, to tremendous response, despite the lack of promotional activities, with the increase in seating capacity to 100% also piqued the interest of the audience to watch the film according to trade analysts. The first show of the film will be scheduled at 4:00 AM on the day of the release.


title: Annaatthe

text: In mid-October 2021, the co-founder of Asian Cinemas, Narayandas K Narang and Daggubati Suresh Babu announced that they had acquired the theatrical rights in Andhra Pradesh and Telangana regions valued at , for the film. Udhayanidhi Stalin's Red Giant Movies purchased the distribution rights of the film in Tamil Nadu. UFO Moviez gained acquisition for the theatrical rights in North India, for the Tamil version of the film. Qube Cinema acquired the theatrical rights in United States and Canada. Ahead of the Indian theatrical release on 4 November 2021, Qube planned to release the film earlier on 3 November in over 700 screens across 56 locations, the highest for a Tamil film. 4Seasons Creations bought the distribution rights of the film in Europe.


title: Annaatthe

text: Sun Pictures also gained acquisition for the non-theatrical rights with the television to Sun TV and streaming rights to Sun NXT belonging to Sun TV Network in all South-Indian languages, also tying with Netflix for a wide digital release. The film then premiered on 25 November 2021 just 22 days after the theatrical release on both Sun NXT and Netflix.


title: Annaatthe

text: The film grossed worldwide on the first day including in Tamil Nadu topping "Sarkar" (). On the second day, the film grossed 42.63 crores with the total 2 day gross standing at 112.82 crores crossing the 100 crore mark. On the third day, the film grossed 33.71 crores with the 3 day gross standing at 146.53 crores. The film has reportedly grossed more than $600K within 3 days to emerge as the best Tamil movie of this year in USA. On the fifth day the film grossed 11.85 crores with the total day 5 gross of the film being an approximate 186.58 crores thereby crossing the 150 crore mark. On the sixth day, the film grossed 9.50 crores and on the 7 day the film grossed 6.39 crores with the total worldwide collection being 202.47 crores. The film collected 202.47 crores on week 1 and received 4.05 crores on the first day of the second week totalling up to 206.52 crores worldwide. The film remained steady on day 10 grossing 4.90 crores bringing the total to 211.42 crores.


title: Annaatthe

text: On day 11, the film grossed 6.21 crores rounding up the total to 217.63 crores. On the 12th day, the film grossed 7.14 crores with the worldwide collection being 224.77 crores. On the 13th day, the film collected 1.02 crores bringing the total to 225.79 crores. The film grossed 1.33 crores on the 14th day rounding the total worldwide collection to 227.12 crores. In Tamil Nadu, the film grossed 140.60 crores. On day 15, the film grossed 1.67 crores bringing the total worldwide collection to 228.79 crores. The film grossed 1.56 crores on day 16 bringing the total collection to 230.35 crores. On day 17, the film grossed 1.70 crores with the worldwide collection being an approximate 232.05 crores.


title: Annaatthe

text: The film grossed 2.62 crores on the 18th day bringing total to 234.67. On the 19th day, the film grossed 3.54 crores with the worldwide collection being 238.21 crores. The film grossed 57 lakhs on the 20th day bringing the total to 238.78 crores. On the 21st day the film grossed 43 lakhs to bring the total to 239.21 crores. The film also grossed 39 lakhs in Tamil Nadu thereby crossing the 150 crore mark in Tamil Nadu alone. The film grossed around , and emerged as one of the highest-grossing Tamil films of the year.


title: Annaatthe

text: "Times of India" gave the film 2 out of 5 writing "If Petta felt like a pastiche of Rajinikanth's films, Annaatthe seems like a collage made out of the weaker moments from director Siva's filmography. We have the villains from Siruthai, the 'saviour who cannot reveal his identity' angle from Veeram, the brother-sister sentiment from Vedalam, and the rural backdrop from Viswasam. The result is a movie whose emotional beats feel blatantly calculated and manipulative. Given that the sibling bond is its core, we expect scenes that show us why and how Kaalaiyan and Meenatchi are close. Instead, like in the recent "Udanpirappe", characters only keep talking about the relationship! With this leading to an unaffecting tale, D Imman's use of a sentimental score hardly adds an emotional punch to the action scenes, which are shot in a generic manner." "Sify" gave the film 2.5 out of 5 writing "The bottom line about "Annaatthe" is that, although the old Rajini formula is back, the entertainment we had witnessed in those days is missing in this 2021 film." "Mirchi9" gave the film 1.75 out of 5 writing "Overall, Annaatthe is a very formulaic and routine mass sentiment fare that is predictable and outdated from the word go. The biggest of names go through the motions providing no fun and vigour. It will be a favour to every Superstar fan if they forget the movie exists." "Hindustan Times" gave the film a negative review writing "Annaatthe is unarguably the weakest film in Siva's filmography. For all those who complained Darbar was Rajinikanth's lamest film in recent years, they'll change their opinion as they step out of Annaatthe."


title: Annaatthe

text: "Behindwoods" gave the film 2.5 out of 5 writing "Overall, it's a template driven formulaic film that's high on brother-sister sentiment. One unique aspect is that the film doesn't want to entirely depend on Rajinikanth. The director wants the sentiment to work out, with Rajini being a medium for it. Whether it's successful or not is a question for another day. But for a festival film, this might be a good option to celebrate with your family members." "Moviecrow" gave the film 2 out of 5 writing "Expected a cracker of a festival entertainer, but turns out as a disappointing formulaic outing majorly due to its bland storytelling." "Galatta Tamil" gave the film 2.25 out of 5 writing "Weakly sketched villains and heavy melodrama make Annaatthe an average watch." "India Today" gave the film 2 out of 5 writing "Overall, Annaatthe did have the potential to be a moving family drama. However, it is the screenplay that tests everyone's patience." "The Quint" wrote "Annaatthe has Rajinikanth in probably his worst film since Baba and in a performance that displays the weariness of a hitchhiker air dropped in the middle of a desert and left with an empty water bottle.


title: Annaatthe

text: "The News Minute" gave the film 1 out of 5 writing "Meena and Khushbu appear in a completely jarring comedy track, and it's sad to see the actors being reduced to this. Rajinikanth reels off punch dialogues faster than a jet plane but you can see that the man is tired. The affection you have for the actor makes you forgive the obvious stiffness in his body, the glaring age difference between him and the woman he's romancing, the pasty make-up and much else. But even his biggest fan would admit that this film is a colossal mess. I know you want to ask the question — is it worse than "Lingaa", worse than "Darbar"? PACHAKILI, what do I tell you? Absolutely." "Indian express" gave the film 1 out of 5 writing "Annaatthe features one of the biggest stars of India, and all it has to offer is a bunch of questionable wisdom on affection and relationships. There is something really wrong with what we consider big movies." "Bolywood life" gave the film 2 out of 5 writing "Annaatthe is Rajinikanth's swag and all his swag, which coupled with the action scenes and background score, barely make a preachy, patriarchal, predictable long-drawn out, rehashed script barely watchable. "Gulf News" gave the film 2.5 out of 5 writing "Yet, despite some original dialogues and Imman's foot-tapping music, on the whole, 'Annaatthe' ends up being a sentimental drama that has very little to offer in terms of entertainment." "NDTV" gave the film 2 out of 5 while writing "The moniker is absolutely apt and not for him alone. What does the superstar do in this lumbering movie to help its stale cocktail of sentimentality, swag and silliness gather momentum? He parrots lines that we have heard before. That, in short, is "Annaatthe": a moth-eaten mess whose mustiness even Rajinikanth at full tilt cannot mitigate."


title: Annaatthe

text: Ashameera Aiyappan of "First Post" gave a rating of 2 out of 5 stating that "Nevertheless, in a Rajinikanth film, the craft is secondary. One goes to the theatres purely for the man's electrifying screen presence. In Annaatthe, the Thalaivar looks good. He does what he usually does. The energy, the charisma — it is all there. But what used to look effortless, now seems arduous. Even though he tries hard to not let it show, you can sense the tiredness. His past few releases have been attempts to recreate the vintage Rajini, but the Superstar has so much more to offer. Will we get to see that though? I am not sure." "Indiaglitz" gave the film 2.5 out of 5 stating that "Annaatthe settles as a routine entertainer that works in parts. It brings back the vintage Rajini film formula but fails to amaze the audience." Sudhir Srinivasan of "The New Indian Express" stated that "As we seem to slowly near the end of his filmography (there are constantly rumours about what might be his last film), there's the temptation to lap up whatever we get. That's perhaps why Siva went all the way back to the 90s in search of a winning recipe. And that's also perhaps why Annaatthe might have been better served with a final scene that establishes happiness and joy among the characters, as opposed to its rather downing end. After all, when Rajinikanth laughs, it makes everyone happy." "Ananda Vikatan" rated the film 39 out of 100. "Only Kollywood" gave the film's rating 2.75 out of 5 and wrote "It's been years since we have seen the Superstar in such a rural outing, and he rules the roost from the very first scene in his own style. The mischief and the frolic that we usually associate with his earlier films such as "Padayappa" and "Muthu" is back and roaring here, as we get to see him performing the right 'Rajinisms'. Overall, Annaatthe works out as a templated family entertainer that has nothing special going for it except for Superstar Rajinikanth's screen presence and energy levels."


title: Clonidine

text: Clonidine, sold under the brand name Catapres among others, is an α-adrenergic agonist medication used to treat high blood pressure, ADHD, drug withdrawal (alcohol, opioids, or nicotine), menopausal flushing, diarrhea, spasticity, and certain pain conditions. It is used by mouth, by injection, or as a skin patch. Onset of action is typically within an hour with the effects on blood pressure lasting for up to eight hours.


title: Clonidine

text: Common side effect include dry mouth, dizziness, headaches, hypotension, and sleepiness. Severe side effects may include hallucinations, heart arrhythmias, and confusion. If rapidly stopped, withdrawal effects may occur. Use during pregnancy or breastfeeding is not recommended. Clonidine lowers blood pressure by stimulating α receptors in the brain, which results in relaxation of many arteries.


title: Clonidine

text: Clonidine was patented in 1961 and came into medical use in 1966. It is available as a generic medication. In 2020, it was the 75th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 9million prescriptions.


title: Clonidine

text: Clonidine is used to treat high blood pressure, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), drug withdrawal (alcohol, opioids, or smoking), menopausal flushing, diarrhea, and certain pain conditions. It also sees some use off-label for episodic insomnia, restless-legs syndrome, and anxiety, among other uses.


title: Clonidine

text: Clonidine works by slowing the pulse rate and exerts a reduction of serum concentrations of renin, aldosterone, and catecholamines.


title: Clonidine

text: Clonidine may improve symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in some people but causes many adverse effects and the beneficial effect is modest. In Australia, clonidine is an accepted but not approved use for ADHD by the TGA. Clonidine, along with methylphenidate, has been studied for treatment of ADHD. While not as effective as methylphenidate in treating ADHD, clonidine does offer some benefit; it can also be useful in combination with stimulant medications. Some studies show clonidine to be more sedating than guanfacine, which may be better at bedtime along with an arousing stimulant in the morning. Clonidine has been used to reduce sleep disturbances in ADHD, including to help offset stimulant-associated insomnia.


title: Clonidine

text: Clonidine may be used to ease drug withdrawal symptoms associated with abruptly stopping the long-term use of opioids, alcohol, benzodiazepines and nicotine. It can alleviate opioid withdrawal symptoms by reducing the sympathetic nervous system response such as tachycardia and hypertension, hyperhidrosis (excessive sweating), hot and cold flashes, and akathisia. It may also be helpful in aiding smokers to quit. The sedation effect is also useful. However, its side effects can sometimes include insomnia, thus exacerbating an already common feature of most withdrawal syndromes. Clonidine may also reduce severity of neonatal abstinence syndrome in infants born to mothers that are using certain drugs, particularly opioids. In infants with neonatal withdrawal syndrome, clonidine may improve the neonatal intensive care unit Network Neurobehavioral Score.


title: Clonidine

text: Clonidine has some role in the treatment of spasticity, acting principally by inhibiting excessive sensory transmission below the level of injury. Its use, however, is mainly as a second or third line agent, due to side effects such as hypotension, bradycardia, and drowsiness.


title: Clonidine

text: Clonidine also has several off-label uses, and has been prescribed to treat psychiatric disorders including stress, sleep disorders, hyperarousal caused by post-traumatic stress disorder, borderline personality disorder, and other anxiety disorders. Clonidine is also a mild sedative, and can be used as premedication before surgery or procedures. Its epidural use for pain during heart attack, and postoperative and intractable pain has also been studied extensively. Clonidine can be used in restless legs syndrome. It can also be used to treat facial flushing and redness associated with rosacea. It has also been successfully used topically in a clinical trial as a treatment for diabetic neuropathy. Clonidine can also be used for migraine headaches and hot flashes associated with menopause. Clonidine has also been used to treat refractory diarrhea associated with irritable bowel syndrome, fecal incontinence, diabetes, diarrhea associated with opioid withdrawal, intestinal failure, neuroendocrine tumors, and cholera. Clonidine can be used in the treatment of Tourette syndrome (specifically for tics). Clonidine has also had some success in clinical trials for helping to remove or ameliorate the symptoms of hallucinogen persisting perception disorder (HPPD).


title: Clonidine

text: Injection of α receptor agonists into the knee joint space, including clonidine, may reduce the severity of knee pain after arthroscopic knee surgery.


title: Clonidine

text: Light-activated derivatives of clonidine (adrenoswitches) have been developed for research purposes and shown to control pupillary reflex with light in blind mice by topical application.


title: Clonidine

text: The reduction in circulating norepinephrine by clonidine was used in the past as an investigatory test for phaeochromocytoma, which is a catecholamine-synthesizing tumor, usually found in the adrenal medulla. In a clonidine suppression test, plasma catecholamine levels are measured before and 3 hours after a 0.3 mg oral test dose has been given to the patient. A positive test occurs if there is no decrease in plasma levels.


title: Clonidine

text: Clonidine is classed by the FDA as pregnancy category C. It is classified by the TGA of Australia as pregnancy category B3, which means that it has shown some detrimental effects on fetal development in animal studies, although the relevance of this to human beings is unknown. Clonidine appears in high concentration in breast milk and nursing infants have approximately 2/3 of serum clonidine concentrations as the mother. Caution is warranted in women who are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or are breastfeeding.


title: Clonidine

text: The principal adverse effects of clonidine are sedation, dry mouth, and hypotension (low blood pressure).


title: Clonidine

text: Because clonidine suppresses sympathetic outflow, resulting in lower blood pressure, sudden discontinuation can result in acute hypertension due to a rebound in sympathetic outflow. In extreme cases, this can result in a hypertensive crisis, which is a medical emergency.


title: Clonidine

text: Clonidine therapy should generally be gradually tapered when discontinuing therapy to avoid rebound effects from occurring. Treatment of clonidine withdrawal hypertension depends on the severity of the condition. Reintroduction of clonidine for mild cases, alpha and beta blockers for more urgent situations. Beta blockers never should be used alone to treat clonidine withdrawal as alpha vasoconstriction would still continue.


title: Clonidine

text: Clonidine treats high blood pressure by stimulating α receptors in the brainstem, which decreases peripheral vascular resistance, lowering blood pressure. It has specificity towards the presynaptic α receptors in the vasomotor center in the brainstem. This binding has a sympatholytic effect, suppresses release of norepinephrine, ATP, renin, and neuropeptide Y which if released would increase vascular resistance.


title: Clonidine

text: Clonidine also acts as an agonist at imidazoline-1 (I) receptors in the brain, and it is hypothesized that this effect may contribute to reducing blood pressure by reducing signaling in the sympathetic nervous system; this effect acts upstream of the central α agonist effect of clonidine.


title: Clonidine

text: Clonidine may also cause bradycardia, theoretically by increasing signaling through the vagus nerve. When given intravenously, clonidine can temporarily increase blood pressure by stimulating α receptors in smooth muscles in blood vessels. This hypertensive effect is not usual when clonidine is given by mouth or by the transdermal route.


title: Clonidine

text: Plasma concentration of clonidine exceeding 2.0 ng/mL does not provide further blood pressure reduction.


title: Clonidine

text: In the setting of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), clonidine's molecular mechanism of action occurs due to its agonism at the alpha-2A adrenergic receptor, the subtype of the adrenergic receptor that is most principally found in the brain. Within the brain, the alpha-2A adrenergic receptors are found within the prefrontal cortex (PFC), among other areas. The alpha-2A adrenergic receptors are found on the presynaptic cleft of a given neuron, and, when activated by an agonist, the effect on downstream neurons is inhibitory. The inhibition is accomplished by preventing the secretion of the neurotransmitter norepinephrine. Thus, clonidine's agonism on alpha-2A adrenergic receptors in the PFC inhibits the action of downstream neurons by preventing the secretion of norepinephrine.


title: Clonidine

text: This mechanism is similar to the brain's physiological inhibition of PFC neurons by the locus ceruleus (LC), which secretes norepinephrine into the PFC. Although norepinephrine can also bind to target adrenergic receptors on the downstream neuron (otherwise inducing a stimulatory effect), norepinephrine also binds to alpha-2A adrenergic receptors (akin to clonidine's mechanism of action), inhibiting the release of norepinephrine by that neuron and inducing an inhibitory effect. Because the PFC is required for working memory and attention, it is thought that clonidine's inhibition of PFC neurons helps to eliminate irrelevant attention (and subsequent behaviors), improving the person's focus and correcting deficits in attention.


title: Clonidine

text: Clonidine stimulates release of HGH hormone from the hypothalamus, which in turn stimulates pituitary release of growth hormone. This effect has been used as part of a "growth hormone test," which can assist with diagnosing growth hormone deficiency in children.


title: Clonidine

text: After being ingested, clonidine is absorbed into the blood stream rapidly with an overall bioavailability around 70 - 80%. Peak concentrations in human plasma occur within 60–90 minutes for the "Immediate Release" (IR) version of the drug, which is shorter than the "Extended Release" (ER/XR) version. Clonidine is fairly lipid soluble with the logarithm of its partition coefficient (log P) equal to 1.6; to compare, the optimal log P to allow a drug that is active in the human central nervous system to penetrate the blood brain barrier is 2.0. Less than half of the absorbed portion of an orally administered dose will be metabolized by the liver into inactive metabolites, with roughly the other half being excreted unchanged by the kidneys. About one-fifth of an oral dose will not be absorbed, and is thus excreted in the feces. Work with liver microsomes shows in the liver clonidine is primarily metabolized by CYP2D6 (66%), CYP1A2 (10-20%), and CYP3A (0-20%) with negligible contributions from the less abundant enzymes CYP3A5, CYP1A1, and CYP3A4. 4-hydroxyclonidine, the main metabolite of clonidine, is also an alpha-2A agonist but is non lipophilic and is not believed to contribute to the effects of clonidine since it does not cross the blood–brain barrier.


title: Clonidine

text: Measurements of the half-life of clonidine vary widely, between 6 and 23 hours, with the half-life being greatly affected by and prolonged in the setting of poor kidney function. Variations in half-life may be partially attributable to CYP2D6 genetics. Some research has suggested the half-life of clonidine is dose dependent and approximately doubles upon chronic dosing, while other work contradicts this. Following a 0.3 mg oral dose, a small study of five patients by Dollery et al (1976) found half-lives ranging between 6.3 - 23.4 hours (mean 12.7). A similar N=5 study by Davies et al. (1977) found a narrower range of half-lives, between 6.7 - 13 hours (average 8.6 hours), while an N=8 study by Keraäen et al. that included younger patients found a somewhat shorter average half-life of 7.5 hours.


title: Clonidine

text: Clonidine was introduced in 1966. It was first used as a hypertension treatment under the trade name of Catapres.


title: Clonidine

text: As of June 2017, clonidine was marketed under many brand names worldwide: Arkamin, Aruclonin, Atensina, Catapin, Catapres, Catapresan, Catapressan, Chianda, Chlofazoline, Chlophazolin, Clonid-Ophtal, Clonidin, Clonidina, Clonidinã, Clonidine, Clonidine hydrochloride, Clonidinhydrochlorid, Clonidini, Clonidinum, Clonigen, Clonistada, Clonnirit, Clophelinum, Dixarit, Duraclon, Edolglau, Haemiton, Hypodine, Hypolax, Iporel, Isoglaucon, Jenloga, Kapvay, Klofelino, Kochaniin, Lonid, Melzin, Menograine, Normopresan, Paracefan, Pinsanidine, Run Rui, and Winpress. It was marketed as a combination drug with chlortalidone as Arkamin-H, Bemplas, Catapres-DIU, and Clorpres, and in combination with bendroflumethiazide as Pertenso.


title: Elaine Chao

text: Elaine Lan Chao (born March 26, 1953) is an American businesswoman and former government official. A member of the Republican Party, she served as the 18th United States secretary of transportation in the Trump administration from 2017 to 2021, and as the 24th United States secretary of labor in the George W. Bush administration from 2001 to 2009. Chao was the first Asian American woman ever to serve in a presidential cabinet.


title: Elaine Chao

text: Born in Taipei, Taiwan, Chao immigrated to the United States when she was eight years old. Her father founded the Foremost Group, which eventually became a major shipping corporation. Chao was raised on Long Island, New York, and subsequently received degrees from Mount Holyoke College and Harvard Business School. She worked for a number of financial institutions before being appointed to several senior positions in the Department of Transportation under Presidents Ronald Reagan and George H. W. Bush, including Chair of the Federal Maritime Commission (1988–1989) and Deputy Secretary of Transportation (1989–1991). She served as Director of the Peace Corps from 1991 to 1992 and as president of the United Way of America from 1993 to 1996.


title: Elaine Chao

text: While not in government, Chao has served on several corporate boards of directors and worked for The Heritage Foundation and the Hudson Institute, two conservative think-tanks. Chao is married to U.S. Senator Mitch McConnell.


title: Elaine Chao

text: During her tenure as Transportation Secretary in the Trump administration, the Transportation Department's inspector general wrote a report with numerous instances where Chao used her office to promote her family's shipping business.


title: Elaine Chao

text: Elaine Chao was born in Taipei, Taiwan, on March 26, 1953, and immigrated to the United States when she was eight years old. She is the eldest of six daughters of Ruth Mulan Chu Chao, a historian, and James S. C. Chao, who began his career as a merchant mariner and in 1964 founded the shipping company Foremost Maritime Corporation in New York City which developed into the Foremost Group. In 1961, Elaine, along with her mother and two younger sisters, came to the United States on a 37-day freight ship journey. Her father had arrived in New York three years earlier after receiving a scholarship.


title: Elaine Chao

text: Chao attended Tsai Hsing Elementary School in Taiwan for kindergarten and first grade. She attended Syosset High School in Syosset, New York, in Nassau County on Long Island and was naturalized as a U.S. citizen at the age of 19.


title: Elaine Chao

text: Chao received a Bachelor of Arts degree in Economics from Mount Holyoke College in South Hadley, Massachusetts, in 1975. In the second semester of her junior year, she studied money and banking at Dartmouth College. She received an MBA degree from Harvard Business School in 1979.


title: Elaine Chao

text: Before entering public service, Chao was vice president for syndications at Bank of America Capital Markets Group in San Francisco, and she was an International Banker at Citicorp in New York for four years from 1979 to 1983. She was granted a White House Fellowship in 1983 during the Reagan Administration and was then Vice President, Syndications at Bank of America from 1984 to 1986.


title: Elaine Chao

text: In 1986, Chao became Deputy Administrator of the Maritime Administration in the U.S. Department of Transportation. From 1988 to 1989, she served as Chairwoman of the Federal Maritime Commission. In 1989, President George H. W. Bush nominated Chao to be Deputy Secretary of Transportation; she served from 1989 to 1991. From 1991 to 1992, she was the Director of the Peace Corps. She was the first Asian Pacific American to serve in any of these positions. She expanded the Peace Corps's presence in Eastern Europe and Central Asia by establishing the first Peace Corps programs in Poland, Latvia, Lithuania, Estonia, and the newly independent states of the former Soviet Union.


title: Elaine Chao

text: Following her service in President George H.W. Bush's administration, Chao worked for three years from 1993 to 1996 as president and CEO of United Way of America. She is credited with returning credibility and public trust to the organization after a financial mismanagement scandal involving former president William Aramony. From 1996 until her appointment as Secretary of Labor, Chao was a Distinguished Fellow with The Heritage Foundation, a conservative think tank in Washington, D.C. She was also a board member of the Independent Women's Forum. She returned to the Heritage Foundation after leaving the government in January 2009.


title: Elaine Chao

text: Chao was the only cabinet member in the George W. Bush administration to serve for the entirety of his eight years. She was also the longest-serving Secretary of Labor since Frances Perkins, who served from 1933 to 1945 under President Franklin D. Roosevelt.


title: Elaine Chao

text: "The Washington Post" wrote towards the end of Chao's tenure as Labor Secretary that the Labor Department under her was "widely criticized for walking away from its regulatory function across a range of issues, including wage and hour law and workplace safety".


title: Elaine Chao

text: In 2002, a major West Coast ports dispute costing the U.S. economy nearly $1billion daily was resolved when the Bush administration obtained a national emergency injunction against both the employers and the union under the Taft–Hartley Act for the first time since 1971. Led by Chao, in 2003, for the first time in more than 40 years, the Department updated the labor union financial disclosure regulations under the Landrum–Griffin Act of 1959, which created more extensive disclosure requirements for union-sponsored pension plans and other trusts to prevent embezzlement or other financial mismanagement.


title: Elaine Chao

text: In 2004, the Department issued revisions of the white-collar overtime regulations under the Fair Labor Standards Act.


title: Elaine Chao

text: After analyzing 70,000 closed case files from 2005 to 2007, the Government Accountability Office reported that the Department's Wage and Hour Division (WHD) inadequately investigated complaints from low- and minimum-wage workers alleging that employers failed to pay the federal minimum wage, required overtime, and failed to issue a last paycheck.


title: Elaine Chao

text: A 2008 Government Accountability Office report noted that the Labor Department gave Congress inaccurate numbers which understated the expense of contracting out its employees' work to private firms during Chao's tenure.


title: Elaine Chao

text: A 2007 report by the department's Office of Inspector General (OIG) found that mine safety regulators did not conduct federally required inspections at more than one in seven of the country's 731 underground coal mines in 2006, and that the number of worker deaths in mining accidents more than doubled to 47 in that year. The Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) "missed 147 inspections at 107 mines employing a total of 7,500 workers". A separate audit of 21 inspection reports determined that documents were missing, misdated, or mislabeled and that "MSHA officials misstated inspection statistics in reports and on the agency's Web site."


title: Elaine Chao

text: Mining disasters in 2006 and 2007 included West Virginia's Sago Mine explosion, which killed 12 in January 2006; West Virginia's Alma Mine fire, which killed two in January 2006; the Darby Mine No.1 explosion in Kentucky, where five miners died in May 2006; and the Crandall Canyon Mine collapse in Utah, which killed six workers and three rescuers in August 2007.


title: Elaine Chao

text: In 2010, the widows of the two men killed in the Alma Mine fire sued the federal government for wrongful death, citing lack of inspections, failure to act against violations, and conflicts of interest. "MSHA's review of the fire acknowledged significant lapses by inspectors, supervisors and district managers" at the mine but the agency did not admit liability for the negligent inspections. In 2013, the appeals court ruled that MSHA can be held liable "when a negligent inspection results in the wrongful death of a coal miner". The suit was settled in 2014, with MSHA agreeing to pay the two widows $500,000 each and to allow them to see OIG interviews pertaining to the fire; MSHA also agreed to develop a training course on preventing fires in underground mines.


title: Elaine Chao

text: The Labor Department was widely criticized for "walking away from its regulatory function across a range of issues, including wage and hour law and workplace safety". A 2009 internal audit appraising an Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) initiative focusing on problematic workplaces for the past six years stated that employees had failed to gather needed data, conducted uneven inspections and enforcement, and failed to discern repeat fatalities because records misspelled the companies' names or failed to notice when two subsidiaries with the same owner were involved; it also noted that after rules changes in January 2008 the number of targeted companies declined by almost half.


title: Elaine Chao

text: In 2009, Chao resumed her previous role as a Distinguished Fellow at The Heritage Foundation, and she contributed to Fox News and other media outlets.


title: Elaine Chao

text: She also served as a director on a number of corporate and non-profit boards, including the Institute of Politics at the Harvard Kennedy School of Government, Wells Fargo, New York–Presbyterian Hospital, News Corp, Dole Food Company, and Protective Life Corporation. According to financial disclosure forms, Chao was slated to receive $1–5million as compensation for her service on the board of Wells Fargo. In June 2011, she was awarded the Woodrow Wilson Award for Public Service.


title: Elaine Chao

text: In January 2015, she resigned from the board of Bloomberg Philanthropies, which she had joined in 2012, because of its plans to significantly increase support for the Sierra Club's "Beyond Coal" initiative.


title: Elaine Chao

text: In February 2017, it was reported by the Associated Press that Chao had addressed organizations linked to the People's Mujahedin of Iran (aka Mojahedin-e Khalq or MEK), a group exiled from Iran after actions in the 1970s against the Shah of Iran and the Ayatollah Khomeini, as had former Joint Chiefs of Staff General Hugh Shelton, Commandant of the U.S. Marine Corps General James T. Conway, former National Security Advisor General James L. Jones, former CIA Directors Porter Goss and James Woolsey, former FBI Director Louis Freeh, former NYC Mayor Rudy Giuliani, and former Governors Howard Dean of Vermont and Ed Rendell of Pennsylvania. Chao was paid a total of $67,000 for the two speeches, which took place in 2015 and 2016.


title: Elaine Chao

text: Chao served as a distinguished fellow at the Hudson Institute until she was sworn in as U.S. Secretary of Transportation on January 31, 2017.


title: Elaine Chao

text: U.S. President-elect Donald Trump announced on November 29, 2016, that he would nominate Chao to be Secretary of Transportation. The U.S. Senate confirmed Chao on January 31, 2017, by a vote of 93–6, with her husband, then-Senate majority leader Mitch McConnell, abstaining. While there was support on both sides of the Senate, some Senators feared contention, cautioning "against the privatization of government services, alluding to a possible point of friction between Democrats and the incoming Trump administration."


title: Elaine Chao

text: On January 7, 2021, the day after the 2021 storming of the United States Capitol, Chao submitted her resignation effective January 11, 2021. "In her two-page resignation letter to Trump, which included just one sentence about the Capitol riots, she thanked the president for the opportunity to serve as Transportation secretary and highlighted the department's accomplishments over the last four years."


title: Elaine Chao

text: In 2017, Chao announced the establishment of a pilot program to test and evaluate the integration of civil and public drone operations into the airspace system. In 2018 ten applicants were selected to participate in the project. In 2019, the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) issued an air carrier and operator certificate to UPS Flight Forward for drone deliveries to a hospital campus in Raleigh, North Carolina. In December 2019, after multiple reports in Colorado and Nebraska of unidentified objects flying in formation at night over several remote rural counties, the FAA proposed a new rule that would require drones to be remotely identifiable.


title: Elaine Chao

text: In March 2019, Chao announced the formation of the Non-Traditional and Emerging Transportation Technology (NETT) Council, an internal Department of Transportation group for identifying "jurisdictional and regulatory gaps" when considering new transportation technologies. In April 2019, the FAA released proposed new regulations to modernize the rules for commercial space flight launches and reentries. At a congressional hearing in July 2019, the president of the Commercial Spaceflight Federation criticized the proposal as not delivering on its stated goals.


title: Elaine Chao

text: An October 2018 Politico analysis found that Chao had more than 290 hours of appointments which were labelled as "private" during working hours on working days in the first 14 months of her tenure as Secretary of Transportation. Former Department of Transportation officials described this as unusual. Current DoT officials stated that the "private" labeling existed to help ensure Chao's security by obscuring her actual activities.


title: Elaine Chao

text: As Secretary of Transportation, Chao appeared in at least a dozen interviews with her father, James, a shipping magnate with extensive business interests in China. The Transportation Department's inspector general cited numerous instances where Chao's office helped promote her family's shipping business. The inspector general asked the Trump administration's Justice Department in December 2020 to consider a criminal investigation into Chao, but the DOJ refused. Ethics experts said the appearances raised ethical concerns, as public officials are prohibited from using their office to profit others or themselves. Federal disclosures cited by "The New York Times" revealed a gift to Chao and her husband Mitch McConnell from Chao's businessman father James, valued between $5million and $25million. The company her father founded (and which her sister, Angela, currently runs), The Foremost Group, has extensive ties to the Chinese state and Chinese elites. It obtained hundreds of millions of dollars worth of loans from a bank owned by the Chinese state, has substantial interests tied to a major shipyard funded by and long-term contracts with a steel producer owned by the Chinese state. In what "The Times" described as "a rarity for foreigners", Angela and James Chao have served on the boards of a Chinese state-owned shipbuilder, and Angela has been on the board of the Bank of China, as well as the China Council for the Promotion of International Trade (which was created by the government of China).


title: Elaine Chao

text: From January 2018 to April 2019, 72% of the total tonnage shipped by Foremost was shipped to and from China. The Foremost Group has almost no footprint in the United States other than its headquarters in New York. During the period when Chao appeared with her father at promotional events for the family company, the US Department of Transportation repeatedly sought to cut funding and loan guarantees for domestic American shipping companies, shipyards, and shipbuilders. These proposed budget cuts were rejected by Congress in a bipartisan fashion. Chao's Department also sought for three years to prevent funding for a program that supports the viability of small domestic US shipyards, and a separate program that issues loan guarantees for the construction or reconstruction of ships with American registration.


title: Elaine Chao

text: Chao pledged in 2017 to sell the stock she had earned while she was on the board of directors of Vulcan Materials, one of the largest suppliers of road-paving materials in the United States, by April 2018. After the Wall Street Journal and other major news outlets reported in late May 2019 that she was still holding the stock, worth $250,000 to $500,000, she sold it on June 3, 2019, for a gain of $50,000 since April 2018.


title: Elaine Chao

text: In June 2019, "Politico" reported that in 2017 Chao had designated her aide Todd Inman as a special liaison "to help with grant applications and other priorities" for Transportation Department projects in the state of Kentucky, the only state to have such a liaison. Inman was to act as an intermediary between the Department, local Kentucky officials, and Kentucky Senator Mitch McConnell, who is Chao's husband. This resulted in grants of at least $78million for projects in Mitch McConnell strongholds Boone County and Owensboro. Inman had worked on the 2008 and 2014 re-election campaigns of McConnell; McConnell and local officials brought up the grants when he announced in Owensboro in December 2018 that he was running for re-election in 2020. Inman later became Chao's chief of staff.


title: Elaine Chao

text: In September 2019, the Democratic-controlled House of Representatives Committee on Oversight and Reform began an investigation into whether she used political office to benefit her family's business interests. A September 16 letter from the Oversight committee to Chao documented allegations that the Department of Transportation was forced to cancel a trip to China in 2017 that Chao had planned to take because State Department ethics officials challenged her attempts to include her family members in official meetings with the Chinese government.


title: Elaine Chao

text: On March 4, 2021, the Inspector General released their report citing Chao for numerous ethics violations, including using department resources for personal errands and for promoting her father's biography. It also stated that it had referred its investigation to the Justice Department and the U.S. Attorney's Office in Washington D.C. for criminal prosecution in December 2020. Both declined to open criminal investigations into Chao.


title: Elaine Chao

text: In May 2020, the Trump administration removed the acting Inspector General of the Transportation Department, Mitch Behm. Behm, who was not a political appointee, was conducting an investigation into whether Secretary Elaine Chao was giving preferential treatment to projects in Kentucky. Her husband, Mitch McConnell, is the Senator of Kentucky and faced a re-election bid at the time.


title: Elaine Chao

text: Trump appointed Howard "Skip" Elliott as interim Inspector General of the Transportation Department. However, at the same time, Elliott served in a dual role where Chao was his boss. Thus, Elliott was head of an office that was investigating his own actions and those of Chao.


title: Elaine Chao

text: In August 2021, Chao was elected to the board of directors of the Kroger supermarket chain. The news was met with backlash from Kroger customers on Twitter, with calls for a boycott trending nationally, due to her ties to the Trump administration and to her husband, Mitch McConnell.


title: Elaine Chao

text: In early October 2022, Donald Trump posted on his social media in a criticism of Mitch McConnell, "He has a DEATH WISH. Must immediately seek help and advise from his China loving wife, Coco Chow!" Trump used the racist nickname again in a November 13, 2022 post criticizing McConnell, saying "everyone despises [McConnell] and his otherwise lovely wife, Coco Chow!"


title: Elaine Chao

text: Chao holds thirty-six honorary doctorates, including an honorary Doctor of Humane Letters from Georgetown McDonough School of Business in 2015. She was initiated into Omicron Delta Kappa at SUNY Plattsburgh as an "honoris causa" initiate in 1996.


title: Elaine Chao

text: The University of Louisville's Ekstrom Library opened the "McConnell-Chao Archives" in November 2009. It is a major component of the university's McConnell Center.


title: Elaine Chao

text: In the two years leading up to the 2014 U.S. Senate elections, Chao "headlined fifty of her own events and attended hundreds more with and on behalf of" her husband and was seen as "a driving force of his reelection campaign" and eventual victory over Democratic candidate Alison Lundergan Grimes, who had portrayed McConnell as "anti-woman". After winning the election, McConnell said, "The biggest asset I have by far is the only Kentucky woman who served in a president's cabinet, my wife, Elaine Chao."


title: Elaine Chao

text: She has been described by Jan Karzen, a longtime friend of McConnell's, as adding "a softer touch" to McConnell's style by speaking of him "in a feminine, wifely way". She has also been described as "the campaign hugger" and is also known for bipartisan socializing. For example, in 2014 she hosted a dinner with philanthropist Catherine B. Reynolds to welcome Penny Pritzker as Secretary of Commerce, where she spent the evening socializing with Valerie Jarrett, Obama's closest advisor.


title: Elaine Chao

text: "The New York Times" described Chao as "an unapologetically ambitious operator with an expansive network, a short fuse, and a seemingly inexhaustible drive to get to the top and stay there".


title: Elaine Chao

text: Chao's father has donated millions of dollars to Mitch McConnell's re-election campaigns. Chao's extended family has given more than a million dollars to McConnell's campaigns. The extended family is also a top contributor to the Republican Party of Kentucky, giving it approximately $525,000 over two decades.


title: Elaine Chao

text: Elaine Chao is the oldest of six sisters, the others being Jeannette, May, Christine, Grace, and Angela.


title: Elaine Chao

text: Grace is married to Gordon Hartogensis who was nominated by President Trump in May 2018 and confirmed by the U.S. Senate as director of the Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation (PBGC), a part of the Labor Department, in May 2019. Hartogensis co-founded forecasting-software company Petrolsoft in 1989, which was purchased for $60million by Aspen Technology in 2000. He founded and led application software company Auric Technology LLC until it was sold to a company based in Mexico in 2011 and then helped govern the Hartogensis Family Trust.


title: Elaine Chao

text: In April 2008, Chao's father gave Chao and McConnell between $5million and $25million, which "boosted McConnell's personal worth from a minimum of $3million in 2007 to more than $7million" and "helped the McConnells after their stock portfolio dipped in the wake of the financial crisis that year".


title: Elaine Chao

text: In 2012, the Chao family donated $40million to Harvard Business School for scholarships to students of Chinese heritage and for the Ruth Mulan Chu Chao Center, an executive education building named for Chao's late mother. It is the first Harvard Business School building named after a woman and the first building named after an American of Asian ancestry. Ruth Mulan Chu Chao returned to school at age 51 to earn a master's degree in Asian literature and history from St. John's University in the Queens borough of New York City.


title: Battlestar Galactica

text: Battlestar Galactica is an American science fiction media franchise created by Glen A. Larson. The franchise began with the original television series in 1978, and was followed by a short-run sequel series ("Galactica 1980"), a line of book adaptations, original novels, comic books, a board game, and video games. A re-imagined version of "Battlestar Galactica" aired as a two-part, three-hour miniseries developed by Ronald D. Moore and David Eick in 2003. That miniseries led to a weekly television series, which aired until 2009. A prequel series, "Caprica", aired in 2010.


title: Battlestar Galactica

text: All "Battlestar Galactica" productions share the premise that in a distant part of the universe, a human civilization has extended to a group of planets known as the Twelve Colonies, to which they have migrated from their ancestral homeworld of Kobol. The Twelve Colonies have been engaged in a lengthy war with a cybernetic race known as the Cylons, whose goal is the extermination of the human species. The Cylons offer peace to the humans, which proves to be a ruse. With the aid of a human named Baltar, the Cylons carry out a massive nuclear attack on the Twelve Colonies and on the Colonial Fleet of starships that protect them. These attacks devastate the Colonial Fleet, lay waste to the Colonies, and virtually destroy all but a small remaining population. Scattered survivors flee into outer space aboard a ragtag array of spaceworthy ships. Of the entire Colonial battle fleet, only the Battlestar "Galactica", a gigantic battleship and spacecraft carrier, appears to have survived the Cylon attack. Under the leadership of Commander Adama, the "Galactica" and the pilots of "Viper fighters" lead a fugitive fleet of survivors in search of the fabled thirteenth colony known as Earth.


title: Battlestar Galactica

text: Glen A. Larson, the creator and executive producer of "Battlestar Galactica", claimed he had conceived of the "Battlestar Galactica" premise, which he called "Adam's Ark", during the late 1960s. As James E. Ford detailed in ""Battlestar Galactica" and Mormon Theology", a paper read at the Joint Conference of the American Culture and Popular Culture Associations on April 17, 1980 (and published as "Theology in Prime Time Science Fiction: "Battlestar Galactica" and Mormon Doctrine", "Journal of Popular Culture" #17 [1983]: 83–87), the series incorporated many themes from Mormon theology, such as marriage for "time and eternity", a "council of twelve", a lost thirteenth tribe of humans, and a planet called Kobol (an anagram of Kolob), as Larson was a member of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. However, he was unable to find financial backing for his TV series for a number of years. "Battlestar Galactica" was finally produced in the wake of the success of the 1977 film "Star Wars". The original Cylons of "Battlestar Galactica", robotic antagonists bent on destroying all humankind, owe much to Fred Saberhagen's berserker stories, including Saberhagen's fictional race the Builders whose "sliding single red eye" became the signature design element for the Cylons.


title: Battlestar Galactica

text: Larson had envisioned "Battlestar Galactica" as a series of made-for-TV movies (a three-hour pilot program and two two-hour episodes) for the American Broadcasting Company (ABC). A shortened version of the three-hour pilot, "Saga of a Star World", was screened in Canadian theaters (before the TV series was telecast) and in American, European and Australian theaters later on. Instead of two additional TV movies, ABC decided to commission a weekly TV series of one-hour episodes.


title: Battlestar Galactica

text: In 1979 at the sixth annual People's Choice Awards, the TV series won in the category of "Best New TV Drama Series".


title: Battlestar Galactica

text: The first episode of the TV series (the long pilot TV movie) was broadcast on September 17, 1978. About 30 minutes before the scheduled end, that broadcast was interrupted by the signing of the Egyptian–Israeli Camp David Accords. After the interruption (which was nearly an hour in length), the episode picked back up where it left off.


title: Battlestar Galactica

text: During the eight months after the pilot's first broadcast, 17 original episodes of the series were made (five of them two-part shows), equivalent to a standard 24-episode TV season. Citing declining ratings and cost overruns, ABC canceled "Battlestar Galactica" in April 1979. Its final episode "The Hand of God" was telecast on April 29, 1979.


title: Battlestar Galactica

text: During the autumn of 1979, ABC executives met with "Battlestar Galactica"s creator Glen Larson to consider restarting the series. A suitable concept was needed to draw viewers, and it was decided that the arrival of the Colonial Fleet at present-day Earth would be the storyline. A new TV movie called "Galactica 1980" was produced. Again, it was decided this new version of "Battlestar Galactica" would be made into a weekly TV series. Despite the early success of the premiere, this program failed to achieve the popularity of the original series, and it was canceled after just ten episodes.


title: Battlestar Galactica

text: In this 1980 sequel series, the Colonial fleet finds the Earth, and then it covertly protects it from the Cylons. This series was a quick failure due to its low budget (e.g., recycling footage from the 1974 Universal Studios movie "Earthquake" during a Cylon attack sequence), widely panned writing, and ill-chosen time slot (Sunday evenings, a time generally reserved for family-oriented programming and, more specifically, also for the "60 Minutes" newsmagazine program). The TV series also had to adhere to strict content restrictions such as limiting the number of acts of violence and being required to shoehorn educational content into the script and dialogue.


title: Battlestar Galactica

text: To cut costs, the show was set mostly on the contemporary Earth, to the great dismay of fans. Another factor for fan apathy was the nearly complete recasting of the original series: Lorne Greene reprised his role as Adama, Herb Jefferson Jr. played "Colonel" Boomer in about half of the episodes (with little screentime), and Dirk Benedict as Starbuck for one episode (the abrupt final episode, though his character was to have also appeared in the unfilmed episode "Wheel of Fire", which was a semi-sequel to "The Return of Starbuck"). Richard Hatch (Apollo in the original series) was sent a script for "Galactica 1980", but he turned it down since he was not sure what his part in the series would be now that all the characters had changed.


title: Battlestar Galactica

text: Despite attempts to revive the series over the years, none came to fruition until it was reimagined in 2003 by Universal Television as "Battlestar Galactica", a three-hour miniseries where a long-standing armistice following a war between humans and Cylons is broken by a second Cylon War, when the machines launch a sneak attack wiping out virtually all of humanity. Commissioned by the Sci-Fi Channel, screenwriter Ronald D. Moore and producer David Eick were the creative forces behind it. Academy Award-nominated actor Edward James Olmos was cast in the role of Commander Adama, while two-time Academy Award nominee Mary McDonnell was cast as President Laura Roslin. Starbuck and Boomer were now female characters, portrayed by Katee Sackhoff and Grace Park respectively. Other cast members included Jamie Bamber (Captain Lee 'Apollo' Adama), James Callis (Dr. Gaius Baltar), and Tricia Helfer as a Cylon-humanoid known as "Number Six". The mini-series was a ratings success for the Sci-Fi Channel and they commissioned a new weekly "Battlestar Galactica" series to follow.


title: Battlestar Galactica

text: The new television series was co-funded by the UK's Sky Television, and premiered in the United Kingdom on the Sky1 satellite channel in October 2004. The series was then broadcast in North America on the Sci-Fi Channel in January 2005. Continuing where the 2003 mini-series left off, the main cast all returned to reprise their roles. Several new characters were introduced, and Richard Hatch, who played Captain Apollo in the 1970s "Battlestar Galactica" TV series, also appeared in several episodes as Tom Zarek, a former political terrorist who later becomes part of the new Colonial government.


title: Battlestar Galactica

text: An edited version of the pilot miniseries was aired on NBC on January 9, 2005, five days before the Sci-Fi series premiere. NBC also aired three selected first-season episodes to promote the show in advance of the second-season premiere in July 2005. The series ran for four seasons between 2004 and 2009. The second season was split into two halves screened several months apart. Due to production delays caused by the 2007–2008 Writers Guild strike, the fourth season was also split into two parts, with a seven-month hiatus in between.


title: Battlestar Galactica

text: The series has won widespread critical acclaim among many mainstream non-SF-genre publications. "Time" and "New York Newsday" named it the best show on television in 2005. Other publications such as "The New York Times", "The New Yorker", "National Review" and "Rolling Stone" magazine also gave the show positive reviews.


title: Battlestar Galactica

text: The show has received a Peabody Award for overall excellence, several Emmy Awards for Visual Effects, and Emmy nominations for Writing and Directing. "Time" magazine named it one of the 100 Best TV Shows of All Time.


title: Battlestar Galactica

text: The first set of webisodes were a series of shorts produced in 2006 to promote the third season of the re-imagined show. Made as an "optional extra" to Season 3, the webisodes filled in some of the events between the second and third seasons and featured some of the main cast, though did not reveal what would happen in the beginning of Season 3, nor was viewing them essential to follow the story of the third season. Each of the ten webisodes was approximately three minutes long, and they were released twice a week leading up to the U.S. Season 3 premiere in 2006.


title: Battlestar Galactica

text: The "Razor Flashbacks" were a series of seven webisodes produced in 2007, set some 40 years earlier during William Adama's fighter pilot days during the later stages of the First Cylon War. They were released on the Internet as "webisodes" leading up to "Razor" release. They are now available on the DVD and Blu-Ray releases of "Battlestar Galactica: Razor", and some are inserted into both the broadcast and extended cuts of the movie on DVD and Blu-Ray. The installments that did not make the final cut include 1, 2, and the latter half of 7.


title: Battlestar Galactica

text: A set of ten webisodes were released during the seven-month hiatus between episodes 10 and 11 of Season 4. Titled "The Face of the Enemy", the web series premiered on December 12, 2008 on SciFi.com.


title: Battlestar Galactica

text: "Caprica" is a prequel television series to the re-imagined "Battlestar Galactica". It premiered on Syfy (formerly Sci-Fi) on January 22, 2010, and was described as "television's first science fiction family saga". It was a two-hour back door pilot for a possible weekly television series, but on December 2, 2008, Syfy gave the go-ahead to expand the project into a full, 20-episode series. "Caprica" is set on the titular planet, 58 years before the events of "Battlestar Galactica". The show revolves around two families, the Adamas and the Graystones, and the creation of the Cylons.


title: Battlestar Galactica

text: The pilot was directed by Jeffrey Reiner and starred Eric Stoltz, Esai Morales, Paula Malcomson, Alessandra Torresani, and Polly Walker. The pilot was released on DVD on April 21, 2009 and the series was broadcast in January 2010.


title: Battlestar Galactica

text: On October 27, 2010, Syfy canceled "Caprica" due to low ratings. The final five episodes were aired in the US on January 4, 2011 though they had aired a couple of months earlier on the Canadian network Space. The entire series was released on DVD in 2011.


title: Battlestar Galactica

text: "Battlestar Galactica: Blood & Chrome" was to be a spin-off series from the re-imagined "Battlestar Galactica" series. Syfy approached show runner Ronald D. Moore to produce another spin-off set in the reimagined "Battlestar Galactica" universe, which was to begin as a two-hour pilot focused on William "Husker" Adama (portrayed by Luke Pasqualino) during the First Cylon War (as was glimpsed in "Razor" and the corresponding webisodes).


title: Battlestar Galactica

text: Syfy decided against moving forward with the "Blood and Chrome" TV series, but aired a 10-part webseries over four weeks via Machinima.com, beginning on November 9, 2012. The webseries was also aired as a 2-hour movie on Syfy on February 10, 2013, and was released on DVD shortly afterwards.


title: Battlestar Galactica

text: In September 2019, NBCUniversal was planning a new series as part of their Peacock streaming service, set in the same continuity as the 2004 "Battlestar Galactica" series, and produced by Sam Esmail. In March 2021, writer and producer Michael Lesslie had reportedly left the project, leaving production plans in doubt.


title: Battlestar Galactica

text: "Battlestar Galactica: Razor" is a 2007 television movie produced and broadcast in the gap between Seasons 3 and 4 of the re-imagined series. "Razor" is also the first two episodes of Season 4 though it chronicles events on Battlestar "Pegasus" in two time periods, both of which are "in the past" with respect to the Season 4 continuity. The "present day" framing scenes are set during Lee Adama's command of the "Pegasus" in the latter half of Season 2, while "flashback" scenes depict Helena Cain's command in the period between the Cylon attack (shown in the 2003 mini-series) and the reunion with the "Galactica" in the second season. It aired in the United States and Canada on November 24, 2007 and in the UK and Ireland on December 18, 2007. An expanded version of the movie was released on DVD on December 4, 2007.


title: Battlestar Galactica

text: Sci Fi Channel produced a two-hour TV movie which was planned to air after the final episode of the series in 2009. The movie began production on September 8, 2008. The movie premiered exclusively on DVD, Blu-ray and digital download on October 27, 2009 and aired on January 10, 2010, on Sci Fi. Written by Jane Espenson and directed by Edward James Olmos, "The Plan" storyline begins before the attack on the Twelve Colonies and shows events primarily from the perspective of the Cylons. Edward James Olmos reprised his role as Adama, and ten of the eleven actors who played Cylons appeared, including Michael Trucco, Aaron Douglas, Dean Stockwell, Tricia Helfer, Grace Park, Rick Worthy, Matthew Bennett, Callum Keith Rennie, Michael Hogan and Rekha Sharma. The only "Cylon" actor not present was Lucy Lawless (although previously filmed footage of her was included).


title: Battlestar Galactica

text: Creator Glen A. Larson entered negotiations with Universal Pictures for a film adaptation of the 1978 series in February 2009. Bryan Singer signed on to direct the reboot the following August, but was obliged to direct "Jack the Giant Slayer". In October 2011 John Orloff was hired to write the script. "I have wanted to write this movie since I was 12 years old, and built a Galactica model from scratch out of balsa wood, cardboard, old model parts and LEDs", Orloff told "Deadline Hollywood". By August 2012 the script was being rewritten, with Singer explaining that "It will exist, I think, quite well between the Glen Larson and Ron Moore universes". On April 7, 2014, the studio hired Jack Paglen to write the script for the film. On February 12, 2016, Universal signed Michael De Luca, Scott Stuber and Dylan Clark to produce the "Battlestar Galactica" film. On June 9, 2016, Lisa Joy was reportedly writing the film, and Francis Lawrence was in talks to direct. On December 18, 2018, it was reported that Jay Basu ("The Girl in the Spider's Web") had been hired to rewrite Joy's script. On October 22, 2020, The Hollywood Reporter revealed that Simon Kinberg will be writing and co-producing the film with Dylan Clark.


title: Battlestar Galactica

text: Besides a re-edited version of the pilot, released in Canada, Europe, parts of Latin America, and, following the broadcast of the series, in the U.S., two other "Battlestar Galactica" feature films were released in cinemas. "Mission Galactica: The Cylon Attack" and "Conquest of the Earth" were made up of various episodes of the original series and "Galactica 1980" respectively. (See List of "Battlestar Galactica" (1978 TV series) and "Galactica 1980" episodes § Theatrical releases)


title: Battlestar Galactica

text: The original series maintained a cult fandom, which supported efforts by Glen A. Larson, Richard Hatch, and Bryan Singer (independently of one another) to revive the premise.


title: Battlestar Galactica

text: Richard Hatch produced a demonstration video in 1998–99 which featured several actors from the original series combined with state-of-the-art special effects. This video, titled "", was screened at some science fiction conventions, but it did not lead to a new series.


title: Battlestar Galactica

text: In 1999, the producer of "Wing Commander", Todd Moyer, and the producer of the original TV series, Glen Larson, planned to produce a motion picture based on the TV series. It would have featured Battlestar "Pegasus".


title: Battlestar Galactica

text: In 2000, the director and an executive producer of the "X-Men" movie, Bryan Singer and Tom DeSanto, began developing a "Battlestar Galactica" TV miniseries under the auspices of Studios USA for the Fox TV network. A continuation of the original series but set 25 years later, Singer and DeSanto's version included several members of the original cast reprising their original roles and the introduction of newer characters. It was intended to be telecast as a backdoor pilot in May 2002, and pre-production commenced and sets had even been partially constructed with a view to filming starting in November 2001. However, production delays caused by the September 11, 2001 attacks meant that Bryan Singer had to drop out, due to his commitment to direct the "X-Men 2" movie. This caused the executives of Fox TV to cancel the project.


title: Battlestar Galactica

text: Both the original and the reimagined series have had books published about the series, academically oriented analysis, novelizations, and new works based on the characters.


title: Battlestar Galactica

text: These "Battlestar Galactica" softcover novelisations were written by Glen A. Larson with the authors listed below. They were critically disparaged, but proved popular, with the first novel selling over a million copies within its first year. The first ten novels adapt the episode of the same title except as indicated. All novels except "Battlestar Galactica 14: Surrender the Galactica!" (ACE publishing) were originally published by Berkley, and have been republished, recently, by I Books, which called them "Battlestar Galactica Classic" to differentiate it from the reimagined series. The episodic novels featured expanded scenes, excerpts from "The Adama Journals", more background on the characters, and the expansion of the ragtag fleet to almost 22,000 ships as opposed to the 220 in the TV series.


title: Battlestar Galactica

text: A new book series written by series star Richard Hatch starting in the 1990s continued the original story based on his attempt to revive the series, and ignored the events of "Galactica 1980". His series picked up several years after the TV series ended, and featured Apollo in command of the "Galactica" after the death of Adama, a grown-up Boxey, who was now a Viper pilot, and the rediscovery of Commander Cain and the battlestar "Pegasus", who had started a new colony and was preparing to restart the war with the Cylons.


title: Battlestar Galactica

text: Marvel Comics published a 23-issue comic book series based upon the show between 1978 and 1981. Walt Simonson, who later wrote and drew "Thor" and had a long stint on Marvel's "Star Wars" comic, was the artist for the series at its conclusion. Other comics have since been published by Maximum Press, Grandreams, "Look-in" magazine, Realm Press, and Dynamite Comics.


title: Battlestar Galactica

text: Dynamite Entertainment was the last company to publish comic books featuring both the classic and reimagined "Battlestar Galactica" series. They also released a 4-issue "Galactica 1980" comic miniseries written by Marc Guggenheim. The limited miniseries was a re-imagining of the original series but at the end featured a second, smaller "Battlestar" (replacing the original which was destroyed) also named "Galactica" but strongly resembling the ship seen in the reimagined Sci-Fi Channel series.


title: Battlestar Galactica

text: In 1978, Mattel Electronics released a handheld electronic LED game based on the series. The player tries to defend "Galactica" from kamikaze Cylon Raiders by manipulating a switch on the game unit to direct their fire, triggered by a red button to the left of the unit.


title: Battlestar Galactica

text: In November 2003, shortly before the premiere of the re-imagined TV series, Sierra released a 3D space combat "Battlestar Galactica" computer game for the original Xbox, PlayStation 2, and PC. The game took place 40 years before the original series and featured an ensign Adama flying a Viper during the Cylon war. The game was developed by Warthog.


title: Battlestar Galactica

text: There is also a 2D Xbox 360 Live Arcade title called "Battlestar Galactica" wherein players can co-op or dogfight with up to 8 people over Xbox Live.


title: Battlestar Galactica

text: "Battlestar Galactica Online" is a defunct 3D browser-based MMOG released as an open beta on February 8, 2011, by Bigpoint Games.


title: Battlestar Galactica

text: "Battlestar Galactica Deadlock" is a 2017 3D turn based strategy game (released on PC, Xbox One and PS4) featuring the First Cylon War. The game is developed by Black Lab Games and published by the Slitherine Software.


title: Battlestar Galactica

text: The original series inspired a "Battlestar Galactica" board game. The game is set during a training mission, where two to four players maneuver pieces representing Colonial Vipers to capture a damaged Cylon Raider. Play includes using terrain elements and a number of special-ability cards to the players' advantage.


title: Battlestar Galactica

text: In 1979, FASA released a tabletop counter piece game for "Battlestar Galactica" based on the fighter combat, which included the "Galactica" and a Cylon Basestar to be launched from, attack with and be attacked/defended. The counters for the Vipers and the Raiders included three model versions MKI/MKII/MKIII, not just the MKII Viper and Raider MKI.


title: Battlestar Galactica

text: Wiz Kids, Inc. (a collectible game manufacturer) produced the "Battlestar Galactica Collectible Card Game" based on the 2003 mini-series and 2004 TV show. The premier set of this game was released in May 2006. After the release of one expansion set, Wizkids cancelled the game on March 13, 2007.


title: Battlestar Galactica

text: A "Battlestar Galactica" role-playing game was released in August 2007 by Margaret Weis Productions at Gen Con.


title: Battlestar Galactica

text: In 2008 Fantasy Flight Games produced "", based on the 2003 re-imagined series. It is a semi-cooperative game of strategy for 3–6 players with some players being Cylon agents, either aware at start of the game or become aware later, as sleeper agents. Each of the 10 playable character has its own abilities and weaknesses, and they must all work together in order for humanity to survive, as well as attempt to expose the traitor while fuel shortages, food contaminations, and political unrest threaten to tear the fleet apart. The game had three expansions, "Pegasus", "Exodus" and "Daybreak".


title: Battlestar Galactica

text: In 2018, Ares Games released "Battlestar Galactica: Starship Battles", a miniature game by Andrea Angiolino and Andrea Mainini simulating space duels between Vipers and Raiders, with expansions including further models. The game is based on the 2003 re-imagined series, but the license will also allow use of spaceships from the original series, with a game approach similar to Wings of War.


title: Battlestar Galactica

text: Battle of Galactica opened June 9, 1979 as an event on the Studio Tour at Universal Studios Hollywood at a cost of $1 million, the most expensive special effects attraction ever built at the park at the time. This high-technology attraction featured animatronics and live actors in a spectacular laser battle based on the television series, with a 200-foot long spaceship that "swallowed" the passengers. This was the first themed attraction to feature Audio-Animatronics characters outside Disney Parks, and was the first dark ride to combine sophisticated animatronics and lasers with live actors. It was replaced in 1992 by the foundations of "".