title: Jay Park

text: Park featured as the first-ever non-Chinese guest judge in the fourth season of "The Rap of China", first airing on August 14, 2020. His appearance on the TV rap competition show was met with mixed reception, drawing backlash from some Chinese audiences who resented the appearance of a non-Chinese on the show, and from Korean audiences who resented the fact that Park chose to appear on the Chinese show and not the similar South Korean TV series "Show Me The Money".


title: Jay Park

text: On December 31, 2021, Park steps down as CEO of both AOMG and H1gher Music, but would remain as adviser of both companies.


title: Jay Park

text: On March 3, 2022, Park established a new label called More Vision. In July, Park will release "Need To Know" on July 12, 2022. Later that month, it was announced that Park would be attending the Hip-Hop Playa Festival 2022 taking place September 17–18. On August 16, it was announced that Park has released a teaser image for their new song "Bite", which will be released on August 18. In November 2022, Park was named one of "GQ Korea"s Men of the Year.


title: Jay Park

text: Park's music takes its roots in R&B and hip hop, more specifically from the 90s. He is influenced by the work of American artists he grew up listening to, such as Usher, Michael Jackson, Ne-Yo, Chris Brown, Ginuwine, Musiq Soulchild, Justin Timberlake, Eminem, Jay-Z, Nas, Tupac, Dr. Dre, and Canibus. Park credits Usher as his idol and as one of his biggest influences, who he started listening to in the 6th grade. He also cites Michael Jackson as his role model, as "he is the best". He cites both Usher and Michael Jackson as singers and dancers who influence him vocally and in dance, as he attempts to mimic them, looking at their music videos. In 2012, Park also cited Chris Brown as an inspiration, and wanted “to be a singer who can be good at both singing and rapping like [him]". Park began listening to hip hop music when he was in second grade, after one of his cousins let him listen to Warren G's "Regulate". In general, Park stated he "doesn't really listen to music to get inspiration, I listen to music because I listen to music, but I do get inspired when I listen to music, it definitely helps".


title: Jay Park

text: For his dance, Park highlights Art of Movement, Skill Methods, and Massive Monkees as b-boy crews that influence him. He also cites Andrew Baterina from SoReal Cru; Movement Lifestyle's members Keone Madrid, Lyle Beniga, and Shaun Evaristo; Ian Eastwood; and Twitch. Park is also inspired by Taiwanese-American NBA player Jeremy Lin, saying that Lin "was off the radar and now he's playing with the best of the best. People can't hate on him even though they want to because he's so good. That's how a K-pop star has to be over in America if they want to succeed. They have to be so good in every single way that even if people hate, they can't really say anything".


title: Jay Park

text: Jay Park's music is generally contemporary R&B and hip hop, but he also incorporates pop, dance, soul, electronic and acoustic into his songs. Prior to debuting with 2PM, Park was coached vocally by former SOLID member and renowned R&B artist Kim Jo-han, also known to be the vocal coach of many idols in the industry. Kim went on to say that "[Park] has an appealing and unique voice" and "definitely stood out amongst the rest". Park began to write rap lyrics in eighth grade. Since becoming a solo artist, he has complete creative control over his music : he writes and composes his own songs, produces his albums, chooses the people he wants to work with, and participates in the mastering and mixing of his songs, something almost unheard-of for a singer in the Korean music industry. More than making hit songs, Park says he wants people to hear to his style of music, to make them listen to "Jay Park-sounding" music. Being fluent in both English and Korean, Park writes songs in these two languages. He admits that he is more at ease when writing songs in English than in Korean, as he started learning Korean in his late teens. In 2011, Park stated that the music he currently creates is "the music that I wanted to do" prior to his departure from 2PM. His musical process starts by listening to a lot of beats sent by various producers, while thinking of what kind of song he wants to write, and eventually short-listing a selection of potential beats to work with. Then, Park works on the melody of the song, along with ideas and lyrics. He writes the hook of the song first, and finally the verses. Park is inspired by everything when writing songs: "just listening to good songs, seeing a good live performance, having good conversations with people. Just everyday life". Some songs Park wrote are influenced by songs from other artists, for example, his song "Turn Off Your Phone" (Korean: ; Revised Romanization: "Jeonhwagireur Kkeonwa") from his album "New Breed" was inspired by Leessang's hit single "Turn Off the TV ..." (Korean: ; Revised Romanization: "TV Reurkkeotne") from their 7th album "Asura Balbalta".


title: Jay Park

text: In July 2010, Park was announced to be endorsing Levi Strauss & Co.'s new brand, dENiZEN. He had previously revealed on YouTube in June 2010, before coming back to Korea, that he was at a photoshoot without revealing it was for dENiZEN. He continued to endorse the brand until the end of 2011 with female model Kwon Ri-sae. Park and Kwon recorded a remix duet song of dENiZEN's theme song, "Manifesto".


title: Jay Park

text: In early 2012, Park was chosen by KT Tech to be the official model of Take HD, a new smartphone by the brand. Park released the maxi-single "Take HD Special Maxi Album" on February 7, 2012, produced by KT Tech to promote the smartphone. The maxi-single includes remixes of Park's lead single from his album "New Breed", "Know Your Name", released on the same day.


title: Jay Park

text: Park appears with fellow SidusHQ celebrities Jang Hyuk, Kim Su-ro, Kim Shin-young and Jang Hee-jin in the MMORPG "Lineage 2" as supporting characters.


title: Jay Park

text: On behalf of Naver's first "Fashion Collaboration" event, Park also with fashion designer 275C for creation of a joint T-shirt titled "Live Free", representing Park's free mind and lifestyle, and displaying both the Space Needle from Seattle, his hometown, and the Namsan Tower from Seoul, where he currently lives. The back of the T-shirt shows the names of his b-boy crews Art of Movement and Korean Assassins, and dance collaboration team, Project Prepix Asia.


title: Jay Park

text: Park was also chosen to endorse and model for casual clothing brand for their 2012 collections; after the announcement was made, it was stated that "the brand's home page server was down every five minutes". A behind the scenes video of Park performing an impromptu dance to "Gangnam Style" by Psy at a Googims photo shoot was uploaded to YouTube on September 2, 2012, capturing the public's attention for his unique take of the choreography. Park also has been selected as the new model for outdoor clothing brand, Williamsburg, participating in TV commercials and fan-signing events.


title: Jay Park

text: In March 2013, Park, a long time fan of Nike, participated at a Nike event in Seoul, Korea, titled "Nike on Air", which was streamed live online via Ustream. Park is currently sponsored by Nike Korea, and has modeled various times for the apparel company.


title: Jay Park

text: In 2016, Park, alongside Jessica Jung, Tian Yo, Charlene, and Pakho Chau modeled for Adidas's Celebration of Sportswear campaign. In March 2016, Park modeled for Umbro Korea's 'Reborn to Heritage' campaign; and did a photoshoot for Police Sunglasses, which was featured in the April issue of Dazed Korea magazine.


title: Jay Park

text: On March 8, 2020, a police report was filed against Brian Ortega for allegedly slapping Park, who is a good friend of UFC featherweight fighter Chan Sung Jung (also known as "Korean Zombie"), and serves as his translator. The slap allegedly happened while Jung went to the bathroom at UFC 248.


title: Jay Park

text: On March 8, 2022, Park donated million to the Hope Bridge Disaster Relief Association to help the victims of the massive wildfires that started in Uljin, Gyeongbuk, and also spread to Samcheok, Gangwon.


title: Jay Park

text: On August 12, 2022, Park donated to help those affected by the 2022 South Korean floods through the Hope Bridge Korea Disaster Relief Association.


title: Three Days Grace

text: Three Days Grace is a Canadian rock band formed in Norwood, Ontario in 1992 originally as "Groundswell" and played in various local Norwood backyard parties and area establishments before disbanding in 1995 and regrouping in 1997.


title: Three Days Grace

text: Based in Toronto, the band's original line-up consisted of guitarist and lead vocalist Adam Gontier, drummer and backing vocalist Neil Sanderson, and bassist Brad Walst. In 2003, Barry Stock was recruited as the band's lead guitarist, making them a quartet. In 2013, Gontier left the band and was replaced by My Darkest Days' vocalist Matt Walst, the younger brother of Brad Walst.


title: Three Days Grace

text: Currently signed to RCA Records, they have released seven studio albums, six of which at three-year intervals: "Three Days Grace" in 2003, "One-X" in 2006, "Life Starts Now" in 2009, "Transit of Venus" in 2012, "Human" in 2015, and "Outsider" in 2018. Their seventh studio album "Explosions" was released on May 6, 2022. The first three albums have been RIAA certified 2× platinum, 3× platinum, and platinum, respectively, in the United States. In Canada, they have been certified by Music Canada as platinum, triple platinum, and double platinum, respectively. In the United Kingdom, their second album "One-X" was certified silver by the British Phonographic Industry. The band has 17 No. 1 songs on the "Billboard" Hot Mainstream Rock Tracks chart and 3 No. 1 hits on Alternative Songs.


title: Three Days Grace

text: The band started out as a quintet named "Groundswell" in Norwood, Ontario, in 1992. Groundswell released one full-length album, "Wave of Popular Feeling" in 1995, containing singles "Eddie", "Poison Ivy" and "Stare". The band's line-up consisted of lead vocalist Adam Gontier, drummer Neil Sanderson, bassist Brad Walst, lead guitarist Phil Crowe, and rhythm guitarist Joe Grant. Most of the members were attending high school when the band formed. By the end of 1997, the band had broken up.


title: Three Days Grace

text: In 1997, Gontier, Sanderson, and Walst regrouped as "Three Days Grace". According to Gontier, the name refers to a sense of urgency, with the question being whether someone could change something in their life if they had only three days to make a change. Once in Toronto, the band became acquainted with local producer Gavin Brown. They gave him several years' worth of material which they had created, and he "...picked out what he called 'the golden nuggets'", according to Gontier. Brown and the band polished the songs and created a demo album, which they gave to EMI Music Publishing Canada. The record label wanted to hear more material, and with Brown producing, the band created the song, "I Hate Everything About You", which attracted the interest of several record labels. Three Days Grace were soon signed to Jive Records after being sought out by the company's president.


title: Three Days Grace

text: They moved to Long View Farm, a studio in North Brookfield, Massachusetts, to record their debut album. The self-titled album was finished in Woodstock, New York and released on July 22, 2003.


title: Three Days Grace

text: "Three Days Grace" was met with mixed-to-favourable reviews. Dave Doray of IGN said of the album, "Mistakes? There's not many." AllMusic reviewer Heather Phares said that on "Three Days Grace", "the band's focus and adherence to alt-metal's formulas – coupled with tight songwriting and some unexpectedly pretty choruses – results in a strong tracks that are more memorable than the work of many of their peers". She did criticize the album for its simplicity, concluding, "Three Days Grace are definitely one of the most accessible alt-metal bands of the 2000s; they just need to add some more distinctiveness to their sound."


title: Three Days Grace

text: To support the eponymous album, the band released their first single, "I Hate Everything About You" (the song whose demo had gotten the band a record deal) in 2003. The song received heavy airplay and rapidly became widely recognizable, and was labelled as the band's "breakout hit". After Barry Stock joined as lead guitarist in late 2003, the band toured continuously and extensively for nearly two years in support of their major label debut. The album peaked at No. 9 on the Canadian Albums Chart and No. 69 on the "Billboard" 200, and was certified platinum in the U.S. by the RIAA in December 2004 and double platinum in Canada by the CRIA.


title: Three Days Grace

text: The band appeared as themselves in the 2004 film "Raise Your Voice," performing the songs "Are You Ready" and "Home".


title: Three Days Grace

text: The release of "I Hate Everything About You" was followed by two more single releases, "Just Like You" and "Home". About this time, Gontier developed an addiction to the prescription drug OxyContin. After finishing the tour for their first album, the band knew they could not continue with the condition he was in, so in 2005, with the support of his family, friends, and band members, Gontier checked himself into the Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH) in Toronto. While in treatment, Gontier began writing lyrics for songs regarding how he felt and what he was going through in rehabilitation.


title: Three Days Grace

text: Gontier successfully completed treatment at CAMH. The band found a place suitable for further songwriting in Northern Ontario, in a cottage where they experimented on, tested, and practiced new songs. After three months at the cottage, they had about finished what would be their second album. Gontier contributed lyrics about his experiences in rehab; the first single from "One-X", titled "Animal I Have Become", features lyrics Gontier had written while getting sober. The second album contained at least four more such songs, including "Over and Over", "Gone Forever", and the hit songs "Pain" and "Never Too Late". In a 2006 interview, Gontier said that the album's material was more personal to him than the band's previous work because the inspiration had come out of his experiences with despondence, drug abuse, and rehab, which had constituted the past two years of his life.


title: Three Days Grace

text: "One-X" was released on June 13, 2006 and marked Barry Stock's first effort with the band. Gontier also performed live by himself at various rehabilitation centres as a "thank you" to the people who had helped him get through his addiction, and as an inspiration to others who were also dealing with addiction issues. In these performances, he would play songs such as "Pain", "Animal I Have Become", and "Never Too Late", to encourage and motivate people under treatment to overcome their addiction. Most, if not all, of these solo acoustic performances, called the "Three Days to Change" tour, took place simultaneously as Three Days Grace toured promoting "One-X". In November 2006, Gontier performed with the band at a special show at the CAMH in Toronto, where he had gone for his own rehab. The audience of about 250 people included patients, radio contest winners, family and friends of the band, and representatives from the band's label. Following the performance, Gontier did a 50-minute Q&A session which was filmed as part of the "Behind the Pain" documentary.


title: Three Days Grace

text: "One-X" was met with mostly positive reviews. The "Toronto Star" complimented the album with a review title of "One CD Worth Buying..." and focused on its lyrics, saying: "The lyrics really speak out to you, especially if you're going through a tough time in your life." Allmusic reviewer Corey Apar praised the music, saying it "remains catchy despite its lyrical darkness", but pointed out that Three Days Grace is "hardly innovative" in their approach to writing music and that "further distinctive qualities" would help the band separate itself "...from their alt-metal peers".


title: Three Days Grace

text: "One-X" peaked at No. 2 on the Canadian album chart and at No. 5 on the "Billboard" 200, selling 78,000 copies in the U.S. in its first week of release. "Animal I Have Become" was Three Days Grace's most successful single, becoming 2006's most played rock song in Canada. The album helped Three Days Grace become the No. 1 rock artist by airplay in the U.S. and Canada in 2007, with "Billboard" ranking them as the No. 1 rock artist of 2007. "One-X" was certified triple platinum by the RIAA in the U.S. on March 4, 2016, and double platinum by the CRIA in Canada in July 2007. Three Days Grace toured the U.S. and Canada throughout the second half of 2006 and all of 2007 in support of "One-X". In early 2008, they toured across the U.S. alongside Seether and Breaking Benjamin.


title: Three Days Grace

text: From March to August 2008, and from January to April 2009, the band recorded their third album at The Warehouse Studio in Vancouver, British Columbia, and in Los Angeles, again with producer Howard Benson who had worked with them on their previous releases. The album, entitled "Life Starts Now", was released on September 22, 2009. Critics as well as band members have noted the album's departure from the angry tone of the band's previous releases into a lyrical style that is perceived as more optimistic. This album reflects the maturity of the band members as they overcome problems such as sickness and death within their families; in a published statement they were quoted as saying: "We had to be inspired by it, but the outcome is this: It's a new beginning. It's life starting over." According to guitarist Barry Stock, the album's theme centres around "a new sense of freshness" and the idea that "you don't have to be stuck in whatever it is you're dealing with. Whether it's good or bad, it's your choice to make a change".


title: Three Days Grace

text: "Life Starts Now" debuted at No. 3 on the "Billboard" 200, the band's highest chart position to date, and sold 79,000 copies in its first week. The album was met with mostly positive reviews. Ben Rayner of the "Toronto Star" gave the album a negative review, saying it possesses "no sound of its own, just a shallow range between Linkin Park and Nickelback". According to Allmusic reviewer James Christopher Monger, who gave the album three out of five stars, "Life Starts Now" "...continues the theme of "One-X", Gontier's personal demons, but with a 'hint of sunlight'." He complimented the album, however, saying it "...treats the well-worn metal themes of anger, isolation, heartache, and redemption with the kind of begrudging respect they deserve, pumping out a competent flurry of fist-bump anthems and world-weary, mid-tempo rockers".


title: Three Days Grace

text: The first single release from the album, "Break", was released on September 1, 2009. In support of the record, the band embarked on the Life Starts Now Tour, with 20 Canadian shows lasting through November and December 2009 and U.S. shows in January–February 2010. They were joined by Breaking Benjamin and Flyleaf during the U.S. shows.


title: Three Days Grace

text: "Life Starts Now" was nominated for "Best Rock Album" at the 2010 Juno Awards, but lost to "Billy Talent III". They went on tour with Nickelback and Buckcherry on the "Dark Horse Fall 2010 Tour" and they later toured with My Darkest Days starting in March 2011.


title: Three Days Grace

text: On October 7, 2011, the RCA Music Group announced it was disbanding Jive Records along with Arista and J Records, and moving all the artists signed to the three labels to its RCA Records brand, which included Three Days Grace.


title: Three Days Grace

text: On June 5, 2012, the same day as Venus' visible transit across the sun, the band announced that their fourth studio album would be called "Transit of Venus" and released on October 2, 2012. They created an early promotional video on their website featuring clips of them in the studio as well as footage of the physical transit of Venus. Due to the rarity of this occurrence, they created the slogan, "Some things will never happen again in your lifetime", reflecting both this uncommon occurrence as well as the mood that the lyrics and music would most likely take on. The first single from the album, "Chalk Outline", was released on August 14.


title: Three Days Grace

text: On January 9, 2013, the band announced that Gontier had left the band. They described Gontier's departure as being abrupt and unexplained. The departure came just weeks before a co-headlining tour with Shinedown. Gontier explained that he was simply ready to start a new chapter in his life, stating, "After twenty years of being part of an ever evolving band, I have been inspired by life, to move on and to continue to evolve on my own terms." Brad Walst's brother, Matt (of My Darkest Days), became the band's new lead singer. They commenced their 2013 tour in Moline, Illinois. Shinedown and P.O.D. accompanied the band throughout the tour. Dani Rosenoer, the band's touring keyboardist and backing vocalist since 2012, also joined the band for the tour.


title: Three Days Grace

text: During an interview on July 19, 2013, with 99.9 KISW in Seattle, Neil Sanderson confirmed the band was currently working on a new album and they had already recorded half of it. He stated, "We're really amped-up about it, it's got a new energy. It's a little heavier, and it's just more aggressive and it's just got this fresh vibe." A new track entitled "Painkiller" was released to US Rock radio stations on April 8, 2014. On June 6, 2014, "Painkiller" reached No. 1 on the Mainstream Rock Charts, which made it the eleventh No. 1 single the band has released. In an August 2014 interview, the band revealed the title of their next single, "I Am Machine", which was released September 30, 2014, On January 26, 2015, it was revealed that the new album would be titled "Human". On March 23, 2015, "Human Race" was released as the third single. "Human" was released on March 31. In early 2015, the band toured Europe, followed by touring predominantly throughout the United States and later in Canada, starting in November 2015. Halestorm supported most of the Canadian dates. The band toured Europe and Russia in early 2016. On November 18, 2016, Three Days Grace released a cover of the Phantogram song "You Don't Get Me High Anymore".


title: Three Days Grace

text: The band began recording their sixth studio album, "Outsider", in July 2017, releasing "The Mountain" as the first single on January 25, 2018, with an accompanying music video. The song peaked at No. 1 on the "Billboard" Mainstream Rock chart in March 2018 and became their 13th No. 1 on the chart while tying the record with Van Halen. The album was released on March 9, 2018. On June 12, "Infra-Red" was released as the band's second single from the album. "Infra-Red" peaked at No. 1 on the Billboard's Mainstream Rock Songs chart and it is their 14th No. 1 single. With this latest achievement, the band broke Van Halen's two-decade record of topping the chart. On November 13, 2018 "Right Left Wrong" was released as the band's third single from the album. It peaked at No. 1 on the "Billboard"'s Mainstream Rock Songs chart and it is their 15th No. 1 single. On March 14, 2019, the band won Rock Artist of the Year on 2019 iHeartRadio Music Awards.


title: Three Days Grace

text: On March 1, 2021, the band confirmed that they were in the studio recording for their seventh studio album on Instagram.


title: Three Days Grace

text: On November 29, 2021, the band released a new single called "So Called Life" as the first single from their seventh studio album, "Explosions", which was released on May 6, 2022. The song reached the Billboard Mainstream Rock chart at number one, topping the chart for four consecutive weeks.


title: Three Days Grace

text: Three months later, on February 17, 2022, the band released a promotional single, titled "Neurotic", featuring Lukas Rossi. Along with the song releasing, the band released a lyric video of the new track. On April 11, 2022, the band released "Lifetime" as the album's second radio single. The song was dedicated to the people of Mayfield, Kentucky after an EF4 tornado hit the city in December 2021. It peaked at number one on the Billboard Mainstream Rock chart. This marks the band's 17th number-one song on the Mainstream Rock Airplay chart.


title: Three Days Grace

text: On September 27, 2022, the third single from the album "I Am the Weapon", was released for radio airplay shortly after the band began performing the song live during their European tour for the album.


title: Three Days Grace

text: The band have been recognized for their musical efforts through several awards and nominations. In 2007, the band was ranked by Mediabase as the top artist in airplay across all rock formats in the U.S. and Canada, and "Billboard" named them Rock Artist of the Year. They have been nominated for 12 Juno awards but only won one for "Producer of the Year" for "I Hate Everything About You" in 2004. The song was also nominated for "Best Rock Video" and "People's Choice: Favourite Canadian Group" at the 2004 MuchMusic Video Awards. In 2007, they were nominated for "Best Group of the Year", and their album "One-X" for "Album of the Year" at the Juno Awards. The band's first single from "One-X", "Animal I Have Become", was Canada's most-played rock song in 2006 and won that year's Mediabase award for the most-played rock song on radio. The song also won "Rock Single of the Year" at the 2006 Billboard Music Awards. "Never Too Late" was nominated for "Best Video" and "Best Rock Video", and "Pain" was nominated for "Best International Video by a Canadian" and "People's Choice: Favorite Canadian Group" at the 2007 MuchMusic Video Awards.


title: Three Days Grace

text: In 2010, "Life Starts Now" was nominated for "Best Rock Album" at the Juno awards, but lost to "Billy Talent III". In 2010, "Break" was nominated for "Best Post Production Video" and "Best Rock Video of the Year" at the 2010 MuchMusic Video Awards on Fuse.tv. "Break" was nominated for "Best Single" and "Life Starts Now" won for "Best Album" at the Casby Awards.


title: Three Days Grace

text: Three Days Grace were nominated for three Juno Awards, Outsider for Album of the Year and Rock Album of the Year and the band for Group of the Year at the Juno Awards 2019.


title: Three Days Grace

text: They won the Rock Songwriters of the Year award for "The Mountain" in the 30th anniversary of the SOCAN Awards.


title: Three Days Grace

text: Their music has been described as post-grunge, hard rock, alternative metal, alternative rock, and nu metal. Their self-titled album mostly features the sounds of alternative metal and post-grunge. However, on their second album, "One-X", the band had more guitar solos and a more melodic sound. Their fourth album, "Transit of Venus", included a few electronic influences.


title: Three Days Grace

text: The band has a record 17 No. 1 songs on the "Billboard" Mainstream Rock chart. "Billboard" ranked the group at number three on their "Greatest of All Time Mainstream Rock Artists" list. "Loudwire" named "Animal I Have Become" the 45th "Top 21st Century Hard Rock Songs" in 2012 and also listed "Never Too Late" as one of the "66 Best Hard Rock Songs of the 21st Century" in 2020. "I Hate Everything About You" was ranked at number 9 on the "Billboard" Decade-End Alternative Songs chart in 2009. "Billboard" named "Break", "Chalk Outline", "Pain", "Animal I Have Become" and "I Am Machine" as the "Greatest Mainstream Rock Songs" on their "Greatest of All Time" list with "Break" and "Chalk Outline" in the top 10. Former lead singer of the band, Adam Gontier, has been considered to have a, "passionate vocal style, naturally husky sound, and lyricism chock full of the angst and torment" making him a unique singer that many teenagers and others living through hardships found relatable.


title: Glenn Ford

text: Gwyllyn Samuel Newton "Glenn" Ford (May 1, 1916 – August 30, 2006) was a Canadian-American actor who often portrayed ordinary men in unusual circumstances. Ford was most prominent during Hollywood's Golden Age as one of the biggest box-office draws of the 1940s, 1950s, and 1960s, who had a career that lasted more than 50 years. Although he played in many genres of movies, some of his most significant roles were in the film noirs "Gilda" (1946) and "The Big Heat" (1953), and the high school angst film "Blackboard Jungle" (1955). However, it was for comedies or westerns which he received acting laurels, including three Golden Globe Nominations for Best Actor in a Comedy movie, winning for "Pocketful of Miracles" (1961). He also played a supporting role as Clark Kent's adoptive father, Jonathan Kent, in "Superman" (1978).


title: Glenn Ford

text: Five of his films have been selected for the National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being "culturally, historically or aesthetically" significant: "Gilda" (1946), "The Big Heat" (1953), "Blackboard Jungle" (1955), "" (1957) and "Superman" (1978).


title: Glenn Ford

text: Gwyllyn Samuel Newton Ford was born on May 1, 1916, in Sainte-Christine-d'Auvergne, Quebec, the son of Hannah Wood ("née" Mitchell) and Newton Ford, an engineer with the Canadian Pacific Railway. Through his father, Ford was a great-nephew of Canada's first Prime Minister, Sir John A. Macdonald, and was also related to U.S. President Martin Van Buren. In 1922, when Ford was six, the family moved first to Venice, California and then to Santa Monica; Newton became a motorman for the Venice Electric Tram Company, a job he held until he died at age 50 in 1940.


title: Glenn Ford

text: While attending Santa Monica High School, he was active in school drama productions with other future actors such as James Griffith. After graduation, he began working in small theatre groups. While in high school, he took odd jobs, including working for Will Rogers, who taught him horsemanship. Ford later commented that his father had no objection to his growing interest in acting, but told him, "It's all right for you to try to act, if you learn something else first. Be able to take a car apart and put it together. Be able to build a house, every bit of it. Then you'll always have something." Ford heeded the advice and during the 1950s, when he was one of Hollywood's most popular actors, he regularly worked on plumbing, wiring, and air conditioning at home.


title: Glenn Ford

text: Ford acted in West Coast stage companies and had a role in the short "Night in Manhattan" (1937) before joining Columbia Pictures in 1939. His stage name came from his father's hometown of Glenford, Alberta.


title: Glenn Ford

text: His first major movie part was in "Heaven with a Barbed Wire Fence" (1939) at 20th Century Fox, written by Dalton Trumbo. Ford's first movie for Columbia was a "B", "My Son Is Guilty" (1939). He went on to other "B" movies such as "Convicted Woman" (1940), "Men Without Souls" (1940), "Babies for Sale" (1940) and "Blondie Plays Cupid" (1941).


title: Glenn Ford

text: Ford was in the bigger budgeted "The Lady in Question" (1940), which co-starred Rita Hayworth. This was a well-received courtroom drama in which Ford plays a young man who falls in love with Rita Hayworth when his father, Brian Aherne, tries to rehabilitate her in their bicycle shop. Directed by Hungarian emigre Charles Vidor, the two rising young stars instantly bonded.


title: Glenn Ford

text: Top Hollywood director John Cromwell was impressed enough with his work to borrow him from Columbia for the independently produced drama, "So Ends Our Night" (1941), where Ford delivered a poignant portrayal of a 19-year-old German exile on the run in Nazi-occupied Europe.


title: Glenn Ford

text: Working with Academy Award-winning Fredric March and wooing (onscreen) 30-year-old Margaret Sullavan, recently nominated for an Oscar, Ford's shy, ardent young refugee riveted attention even in such stellar company. "Glenn Ford, a most promising newcomer," wrote "The New York Times"s Bosley Crowther in a review on February 28, 1941, "draws more substance and appealing simplicity from his role of the boy than any one else in the cast."


title: Glenn Ford

text: After the film's highly publicized premiere in Los Angeles and a gala fundraiser in Miami, President Franklin Roosevelt saw the film in a private screening at the White House, and admired the film greatly. Ford was invited to Roosevelt's annual Birthday Ball. He returned to Los Angeles and promptly registered as a Democrat, a fervent FDR supporter. "I was so impressed when I met Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt," recalled Glenn Ford to his son decades later, "I was thrilled when I got back to Los Angeles and found a beautiful photograph personally autographed to me. It always held a place of high honor in my home."


title: Glenn Ford

text: After 35 interviews and glowing reviews for him personally, Glenn Ford had young female fans begging for his autograph, too. However, the young man was disappointed when Columbia Pictures did nothing with this prestige and new visibility and instead kept plugging him into conventional films for the rest of his 7-year contract. His next picture "Texas" was his first Western, a genre with which he would be associated for the rest of his life. Set after the Civil War, it paired him with another young male star under contract, William Holden, who became a lifelong friend. More routine films followed, none of them memorable, but lucrative enough to allow Ford to buy his mother and himself a beautiful new home in the Pacific Palisades.


title: Glenn Ford

text: "So Ends Our Night" also affected the young star in another way: in the summer of 1941, while the United States was still neutral, he enlisted in the Coast Guard Auxiliary, though he had a class 3 deferment (for being his mother's sole support). He began his training in September 1941, driving three nights a week to his unit in San Pedro and spending most weekends there.


title: Glenn Ford

text: He continued to appear in movies for Columbia such as "Go West, Young Lady" (1941), and "The Adventures of Martin Eden" (1942).


title: Glenn Ford

text: Ten months after Ford's portrait of a young anti-Nazi exile, the United States entered World War II. After playing a young pilot in his 11th Columbia film, "Flight Lieutenant" (1942), Ford went on a cross-country 12-city tour to sell war bonds for Army and Navy Relief. In the midst of the many stars also donating their time – from Bob Hope to Cary Grant to Claudette Colbert – he met the popular dancing star Eleanor Powell. The two soon fell in love; they attended the official opening of the Hollywood USO together in October.


title: Glenn Ford

text: Ford made "The Desperadoes" (1942), another Western. Then, while making another war drama, "Destroyer" with ardent anti-fascist Edward G. Robinson, Ford impulsively volunteered for the United States Marine Corps Reserve on December 13, 1942. The startled studio had to beg the Marines to give their second male lead four more weeks to complete shooting. In the meantime, Ford proposed to Eleanor Powell, who subsequently announced her retirement from the screen to be near her fiancé as he started boot camp.


title: Glenn Ford

text: Ford recalled to his son that William Holden, who had joined the Army Air Corps, and Ford had "talked about it and we were both convinced that our careers, which were just getting established, would likely be forgotten by the time we got back ... if we got back."


title: Glenn Ford

text: He was assigned in March 1943 to active duty at the Marine Corps Base in San Diego. With his Coast Guard service, he was offered a position as an officer, but Ford declined, feeling it would be interpreted as preferential treatment for a movie star and instead entered the Marines as a private. He trained at the Marine base in San Diego, where Tyrone Power, the number-one male movie star at the time, was also based. Power suggested Ford join him in the Marines' weekly radio show "Halls of Montezuma", broadcast Sunday evenings from San Diego. Ford excelled in training, winning the Rifle Marksman Badge and being named "Honor Man" of the platoon and promoted to sergeant by the time he finished.


title: Glenn Ford

text: Awaiting assignment at Camp Pendleton Marine Corps base, Ford volunteered to play a Marine raider – uncredited – in the film "Guadalcanal Diary", made by Fox, with Ford and others charging up the beaches of Southern California. He later showed this to his little boy Peter, along with his many other black-and-white battle scenes in other films. Frustratingly for Ford, filming battle scenes was the closest he would ever get to any action. After being sent to Marine Corps Schools Detachment (Photographic Section) in Quantico, Virginia, three months later, Ford returned to the San Diego base in February 1944 and was assigned to the radio section of the Public Relations Office, Headquarters Company, Base Headquarters Battalion, where he resumed work on "Halls of Montezuma".


title: Glenn Ford

text: Just as Eleanor, now his wife, was expecting the birth of their child and Ford himself was looking forward to Officers Training School, he was hospitalized at the U.S. Naval Hospital in San Diego with what turned out to be duodenal ulcers, which afflicted him for the rest of his life. He was in and out of the hospital for the next five months and finally received a medical discharge on the third anniversary of Pearl Harbor, December 7, 1944. Though without the combat duty he had been hoping for, Ford was awarded several service medals for his three years in the Marines Reserve Corps: the American Campaign Medal, the Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal, and the World War II Victory Medal, created in 1945 for anyone who had been on active duty since December 1941.


title: Glenn Ford

text: After the war, Ford continued his military career in the Naval Reserve well into the Vietnam War, achieving the rank of captain.


title: Glenn Ford

text: The most memorable role of Ford's early career came with his first postwar film in 1946, starring alongside Rita Hayworth in "Gilda". This was Glenn Ford's second pairing with Hayworth; like the first it was directed by Charles Vidor.


title: Glenn Ford

text: "The New York Times" movie reviewer Bosley Crowther did not much like or as he freely admitted even understand the movie, but he noted that Ford "just returned from war duty" and did show "a certain stamina and poise in the role of a tough young gambler."


title: Glenn Ford

text: Reviewing the film in 1946, Crowther did not yet have the phrase by which "Gilda" would soon after be associated, a term that the French critics had not in 1946 even invented: film noir. The erotic sadism and covert homoeroticism were actively encouraged on set by director Vidor, a sophisticated Budapest-born expatriate, though Glenn Ford always denied any awareness of the latter in his character's fervent loyalty to his boss, who had unwittingly married the love of Johnny's life.


title: Glenn Ford

text: The film was entered in the Cannes Film Festival, then in its first year. Ford went on to be a leading man opposite Hayworth in a total of five films. and the two, after their location romance (his marriage survived, hers did not) became lifelong friends and next-door neighbors. Beautifully shot in black-and-white by cinematographer Rudolph Mate, "Gilda" has endured as a classic of film noir. It has a 96% rating on Rotten Tomatoes, and, in 2013, was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant".


title: Glenn Ford

text: Now established as a star of "A" movies, Ford was borrowed by Warners to play Bette Davis' leading man in "A Stolen Life" (1946). Back at Columbia he was in "Gallant Journey" (1946) a biopic of "John Joseph Montgomery" then he did a thriller "Framed" (1947) and a comedy "The Mating of Millie" (1948). He and Hayworth were reunited with Vidor in the expensive color drama, "The Loves of Carmen" (1948).


title: Glenn Ford

text: Ford appeared in a comedy, "The Return of October" (1948) and a popular Western "The Man from Colorado" (1948). The latter co-starred William Holden. Both Ford and his friend William Holden flourished throughout the 1950s and 1960s, but Ford was frustrated that he was not given the opportunity to work with directors of the caliber that Holden did in his Oscar-winning career, such as Billy Wilder and David Lean. He missed out on "From Here to Eternity" – as did Rita Hayworth – when production was stalled by Columbia studio head Harry Cohn. He also made the mistake, which he bitterly regretted later, of turning down the lead in the brilliant comedy "Born Yesterday" (also planned with Rita Hayworth), which Holden then snatched up.


title: Glenn Ford

text: Columbia kept Ford constantly busy: "The Undercover Man" (1949), a film noir; "Lust for Gold" (1949), a Western with Ida Lupino; and "Mr. Soft Touch" (1949), another noir. MGM borrowed him for "The Doctor and the Girl" (1950) and he went over to RKO for "The White Tower" (1950).


title: Glenn Ford

text: Back at Columbia Ford did "Convicted" (1950) with Broderick Crawford and "The Flying Missile", a Cold War Movie.


title: Glenn Ford

text: Ford went to Paramount for "The Redhead and the Cowboy" (1951) and Fox for "Follow the Sun" (1951) where he played Ben Hogan, and the Western "The Secret of Convict Lake" (1951). At United Artists he starred in "The Green Glove" (1952) then MGM called him back for "Young Man with Ideas" (1952).


title: Glenn Ford

text: Ford was reunited with Rita Hayworth a third time in "Affair in Trinidad" (1952). He went to Britain to star in MGM's "Time Bomb" (1953) then to Universal for the Western "The Man from the Alamo" (1953).


title: Glenn Ford

text: Ford made "Plunder of the Sun" (1953) with John Farrow, then was cast in the lead of "The Big Heat" (1953), Fritz Lang's classic crime melodrama with Gloria Grahame, at Columbia. After "Appointment in Honduras" (1953) at RKO, Ford reunited with Lang and Grahame in "Human Desire" (1954). Ford did two Westerns, "The Americano" (1955) at RKO and "The Violent Men" (1955) at Columbia.


title: Glenn Ford

text: Ford's career went up another notch when cast in the lead of "Blackboard Jungle" (1955), a landmark film of teen angst at MGM. Unlike the comparatively white-bread "Rebel Without a Cause" and "The Wild One, Blackboard Jungle" tackled racial conflicts head-on as Ford played an idealistic, harassed teacher at an urban high school that included a very young Sidney Poitier and other black and Hispanic cast members, while Vic Morrow played a dangerous juvenile delinquent. Bill Haley's "Rock Around the Clock" under the opening credits was the first use of a rock and roll song in a Hollywood film. Richard Brooks, the film's writer and director, had discovered the music when he heard Ford's son Peter playing the record at Glenn Ford's home.


title: Glenn Ford

text: The movie was a huge hit and MGM signed Ford to a long-term contract. They put him in "Interrupted Melody" (1955) a biopic of Marjorie Lawrence with Eleanor Parker, and another big success. So too were the dramas "Trial" (1956) and "Ransom!" (1956).


title: Glenn Ford

text: Ford returned to Columbia for the Western "Jubal" (1956), then back at MGM made another Western, the hugely popular "The Fastest Gun Alive" (1956).


title: Glenn Ford

text: Ford's versatility allowed him to star in a number of popular comedies, almost always as the beleaguered, well-meaning, but nonplussed straight man, set upon by circumstances as in "The Teahouse of the August Moon" (1956), in which he played an American soldier sent to Okinawa to convert the occupied island's natives to the American way of life, and is instead converted by them.


title: Glenn Ford

text: Every movie Ford starred in around this time was a hit: "" (1957), a classic Western at Columbia; "Don't Go Near the Water" (1957), a service comedy at MGM; and "Cowboy" (1958) with Jack Lemmon at Columbia.


title: Glenn Ford

text: Ford first worked with director George Marshall in "The Sheepman" (1958), a popular Western at MGM. They reteamed on the service comedy "Imitation General" (1958). Ford a war movie, "Torpedo Run" (1958). He and Marshall made two comedies with Debbie Reynolds, "It Started with a Kiss" (1959) and "The Gazebo" (1959). At the end of the fifties Ford was one of the biggest stars in Hollywood.


title: Glenn Ford

text: Ford's first financial flop since he reached star status was the epic Western "Cimarron" (1960). He did some comedies: "Cry for Happy" (1961) with Marshall and "Pocketful of Miracles" (1961), with Frank Capra, neither of which was as well received as his fifties comedies.


title: Glenn Ford

text: Ford was cast in the lead of "The Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse" (1961), a notorious box office fiasco.


title: Glenn Ford

text: Ford's box office standing recovered with the thriller "Experiment in Terror" (1962) and the comedy "The Courtship of Eddie's Father" (1963). Less popular were the comedies "Love Is a Ball" (1963) and "Advance to the Rear" (1964), the latter directed by Marshall. He was in the drama "Fate Is the Hunter" (1964) and the romantic comedy "Dear Heart" (1964).


title: Glenn Ford

text: Ford made two films with Burt Kennedy "The Rounders" (1965), and "The Money Trap" (1965). He was one of many famous faces in "Is Paris Burning?" (1966) and went to Mexico for "Rage" (1966).


title: Glenn Ford

text: Ford was in some Westerns: "A Time for Killing" (1967), "The Last Challenge" (1967), "Day of the Evil Gun" (1968), "Smith!" (1968), and "Heaven with a Gun" (1969).


title: Glenn Ford

text: In 1976, Ford played RAdm Raymond Spruance in the epic "Midway" alongside Henry Fonda, who played Adm Chester Nimitz, and Charlton Heston, who played a fictional Capt. Matt Garth. In 1978, Ford had a supporting role in "Superman" as Clark Kent's adoptive father Jonathan Kent. In Ford's final scene in the film, "Rock Around the Clock" is heard on a car radio.


title: Glenn Ford

text: After serving in World War II, Ford joined up for yet a third time in 1958. He entered the U.S. Naval Reserve, was commissioned as a lieutenant commander and was made a public affairs officer – the position he had portrayed the previous year in the successful comedy "Don't Go Near the Water". During his annual training tours, he promoted the navy through radio and television broadcasts, personal appearances, and documentary films.


title: Glenn Ford

text: Ford continued to combine his film career with his military service, and was promoted to commander in 1963 and captain in 1968, after he went to Vietnam in 1967 for a month's tour of duty as a location scout for combat scenes in a training film entitled "Global Marine". In support of Democratic President Lyndon Johnson's escalation of the Vietnam War, he traveled with a combat camera crew from the demilitarized zone south to the Mekong Delta. For his service in Vietnam, the navy awarded him a Navy Commendation Medal. He finally retired from the Naval Reserve in the 1970s with the rank of captain. He was awarded the Marine Corps Reserve Ribbon, which recognizes those who spend 10 years of honorable reserve service.


title: Glenn Ford

text: In 1971, Ford signed with CBS to star in his first television series, a half-hour comedy/drama titled "The Glenn Ford Show". However, CBS head Fred Silverman noticed that many of the featured films being shown at a Glenn Ford film festival were Westerns. He suggested doing a Western series, instead, which resulted in the "modern-day Western" series, "Cade's County". Ford played southwestern Sheriff Cade for one season (1971–1972) in a mix of police mystery and western drama.


title: Glenn Ford

text: In The Family Holvak (1975–1976), Ford portrayed a Depression-era preacher in a family drama, reprising the same character he had played in the TV film, "The Greatest Gift".


title: Glenn Ford

text: In 1978, Ford was host, presenter and narrator of the disaster documentary series "When Havoc Struck" for the Mobil Showcase Network.


title: Glenn Ford

text: In 1991, Ford agreed to star in a cable network series, "African Skies". However, prior to the start of the series, he developed blood clots in his legs which required a lengthy stay in Cedars-Sinai Medical Center. Eventually, he recovered, but at one time his situation was so severe that he was listed in critical condition. Ford was forced to drop out of the series and was replaced by Robert Mitchum.


title: Glenn Ford

text: The 2006 film "Superman Returns" includes a scene where Ma Kent (played by Eva Marie Saint) stands next to the living room mantel after Superman returns from his quest to find remnants of Krypton. On that mantel is a picture of Glenn Ford as Pa Kent.


title: Glenn Ford

text: In 1950, Ford played the title role in "The Adventures of Christopher London," created by Erle Stanley Gardner and directed by William N. Robson. London was a private investigator in the weekly adventure series, which ran on Sundays at 7 p.m. on the NBC radio network from January 22 to April 30, 1950. Ford also starred in the June 2, 1947 episode of Suspense, "End of the Road".


title: Glenn Ford

text: Ford's first wife was actress and dancer Eleanor Powell (1943–1959), with whom he had his only child, actor Peter Ford (born 1945). The couple appeared together on screen once in a short film produced in the 1950s titled "Have Faith in Our Children". When they married, Powell was more famous than Ford. Ford and Powell would divorce in 1959.


title: Glenn Ford

text: Ford did not remain on good terms with his ex-wives. He was a notorious womanizer who had affairs with many of his leading ladies, including Rita Hayworth, Maria Schell, Geraldine Brooks, Stella Stevens, Gloria Grahame, Gene Tierney, Eva Gabor and Barbara Stanwyck. He had a one-night stand with Marilyn Monroe in 1962 and a fling with Joan Crawford in the early 1940s.


title: Glenn Ford

text: Ford dated Christiane Schmidtmer, Linda Christian and Vikki Dougan during the mid-1960s, and he also had relationships with Judy Garland, Connie Stevens, Suzanne Pleshette, Rhonda Fleming, Roberta Collins, Susie Lund, Terry Moore, Angie Dickinson, Debbie Reynolds, Jill St. John, Brigitte Bardot and Loretta Young. However, he subsequently married actress Kathryn Hays (1966–1969); marriages to Cynthia Hayward (1977–1984), and Jeanne Baus (1993–1994) would later follow. However, all four marriages would end in divorce. He also had a long-term relationship with actress Hope Lange in the early 1960s. According to his son Peter Ford's book "Glenn Ford: A Life (2011)", Ford had affairs with 146 actresses, all of which were documented in his personal diaries, including a 40-year, on-and off-again affair with Rita Hayworth that began during the filming of "Gilda" in 1945. Their affair resumed during the making of their 1948 film "The Loves of Carmen"; Ford impregnated Hayworth, and she later traveled to France to get an abortion.


title: Glenn Ford

text: In 1960, Ford would move next door to Hayworth in Beverly Hills, and they continued their relationship for many years until the early 1980s.


title: Glenn Ford

text: Ford's affair with stripper and cult actress Liz Renay was chronicled by her in the 1991 book "My First 2,000 Men." She ranked Ford as one of her top five best lovers.


title: Glenn Ford

text: Ford also documented his many relationships by taping every phone conversation he ever had with all of his celebrity lovers and friends for 40 years. Presidents Richard Nixon and Ronald Reagan are on these recordings, as well as Rita Hayworth, Frank Sinatra, William Holden, John Wayne, Cary Grant, Ava Gardner, Gregory Peck, James Mason, Lucille Ball, James Stewart, Henry Fonda, Angie Dickinson, Joan Crawford, Bette Davis, Charlton Heston and Debbie Reynolds. Ford installed the recording system to eavesdrop on the conversations of his first wife, Eleanor Powell, fearing that she would find out about his serial cheating and leave him. She later divorced him in 1959 on the grounds of adultery and mental cruelty.


title: Glenn Ford

text: At the height of his stardom, Glenn Ford supported the Democratic Party. He supported Franklin D. Roosevelt in the 1940s, Adlai Stevenson II in 1956, and John F. Kennedy in 1960. Ford later switched his support to the Republican Party. He campaigned for his old friend, and fellow actor, Ronald Reagan, in the 1980 and 1984 presidential elections.


title: Glenn Ford

text: In May 1980, Ford attempted to purchase the Atlanta Flames, of the National Hockey League, with the intention of keeping the team in the city. He was prepared to match a $14 million offer made by Byron and Daryl Seaman, but was outbid by an investment group led by Nelson Skalbania, which included the Seaman brothers. The group acquired the franchise for $16 million on May 23 and eventually moved it to Calgary.


title: Glenn Ford

text: Ford lived in Beverly Hills, California, where he illegally raised 140 leghorn chickens until he was stopped by the Beverly Hills Police Department.


title: Glenn Ford

text: He suffered a series of minor strokes which left him in frail health in the years leading up to his death. He died in his Beverly Hills home on August 30, 2006, at the age of 90.


title: Glenn Ford

text: After being nominated in 1957, 1958 and in 1962, Ford won a as Best Actor for his performance in Frank Capra's "Pocketful of Miracles," a film he helped produce that was a remake of 1933's "Lady for a Day".


title: Glenn Ford

text: Ford was listed in Quigley's Annual List of Top Ten Box Office Champions in 1956, 1958 and 1959, topping the list at number one in 1958. For 10 consecutive years, from 1955 through 1964, Ford was listed among Quigley's list of the top 25 box office stars.


title: Glenn Ford

text: In 1958 Ford won the Golden Laurel Award for Top Male Comedy Performance for his role in "Don't Go Near the Water".


title: Glenn Ford

text: For his contribution to the motion picture industry, Ford has a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame at 6933 Hollywood Blvd. In 1978, he was inducted into the Western Performers Hall of Fame at the National Cowboy & Western Heritage Museum in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. In 1987, he received the Donostia Award in the San Sebastian International Film Festival, and in 1992, he was awarded the "Légion d'honneur" medal for his actions in the Second World War.


title: Glenn Ford

text: Ford was scheduled to make his first public appearance in 15 years at a 90th-birthday tribute gala in his honor hosted by the American Cinematheque at Grauman's Egyptian Theatre in Hollywood on May 1, 2006, but at the last minute, he had to bow out. Anticipating that his health might prevent his attendance, Ford had the previous week recorded a special filmed message for the audience, which was screened after a series of in-person tributes from friends, including Martin Landau, Shirley Jones, Jamie Farr, and Debbie Reynolds.


title: Glenn Ford

text: On October 4, 2008, Peter Ford auctioned off some of his father's possessions, including Ford's lacquered cowboy boots (opening bid $2,500), Ford's jacket and cap from "The White Tower" ($400), his wool trench coat from "Young Man with Ideas" ($300), and his United States Naval Reserve uniform cap ($250). The auction also offered the sofa where the senior Ford allegedly claimed to have had a romantic encounter with Marilyn Monroe ($1,750).


title: Glenn Ford

text: In a 1981 interview Ford said his favorite of his own films were "The Blackboard Jungle", "Gilda", "Cowboy", "3:10 to Yuma", "The Sheepman" and "The Gazebo". "They may not have been the best pictures I did, but they're the ones I remember most fondly because of the people involved," he said. "People like George Marshall, who directed six pictures with me, and Debbie Reynolds."


title: Glenn Ford

text: For many years, the Quigley Publishing Company's Poll of Film Exhibitors ranked Ford as one of the most popular stars in the US:


title: Everywhere at the End of Time

text: Everywhere at the End of Time is the eleventh recording by the Caretaker, an alias of English electronic musician Leyland Kirby. Released between 2016 and 2019, its six studio albums use degrading loops of sampled ballroom music to portray the progression of Alzheimer's disease. Inspired by the success of "An Empty Bliss Beyond This World" (2011), Kirby produced "Everywhere" as his final major work under the alias. The albums were produced in Krakow and released over six-month periods to "give a sense of time passing", with abstract album covers by his friend Ivan Seal. The series drew comparisons to the works of composer William Basinski and electronic musician Burial, while the later stages were influenced by avant-gardist composer John Cage.


title: Everywhere at the End of Time

text: The series comprises six hours of music, portraying a range of emotions and characterised by noise throughout. Although the first three stages are similar to "An Empty Bliss," the last three depart from Kirby's earlier ambient works. The albums reflect the patient's disorder and death, their feelings, and the phenomenon of terminal lucidity. To promote the series, anonymous visual artist Weirdcore created music videos for the first two stages. At first, concerned about whether the series would seem pretentious, Kirby thought of not creating "Everywhere" at all; he spent more time producing it than any of his other releases. The album covers received attention from a French art exhibition named after the Caretaker's "Everywhere, an Empty Bliss" (2019), a compilation of archived songs.


title: Everywhere at the End of Time

text: As each stage was released, the series received increasingly positive reviews from critics; its length and dementia-driven concept led many reviewers to feel emotional about the complete edition. Considered to be Kirby's "magnum opus", "Everywhere" was one of the most praised music releases of the 2010s. Caregivers of people with dementia also praised the albums for increasing empathy for patients among younger listeners, although some medics felt the series was too linear. It became an Internet phenomenon in the early 2020s, emerging in TikTok videos as a listening challenge, being transformed into a mod for the video game "Friday Night Funkin'" (2020), and appearing in internet memes.


title: Everywhere at the End of Time

text: In 1999, English electronic musician Leyland Kirby adopted the pseudonym the Caretaker, whose work sampled big band records. Kirby drew influence from the haunted-ballroom scene of filmmaker Stanley Kubrick's work "The Shining" (1980), as heard on the debut release of the alias, "Selected Memories from the Haunted Ballroom" (1999). His first records featured the ambient style that would be prominent in his last releases. The project first explored memory loss in "Theoretically Pure Anterograde Amnesia" (2005), a three-hour-long album portraying the disease of the same name. By 2008, "Persistent Repetition of Phrases" saw the Caretaker alias gaining critical attention and a larger fanbase.


title: Everywhere at the End of Time

text: In 2011, Kirby released "An Empty Bliss Beyond This World", attaining acclaim for its exploration of Alzheimer's disease. Although Kirby initially did not want to produce more music as the Caretaker, he said, "so many people liked "An Empty Bliss". So I thought to myself, 'What can I do that's not just "An Empty Bliss" again? Kirby felt the only concept left to explore was the "stages of dementia". It would be his final release as the Caretaker; Kirby said, "I just can't see where I can take it after this." "Everywhere at the End of Time" represents the "death" of the Caretaker alias itself, with many samples from the pseudonym's earlier albums being used in it.


title: Everywhere at the End of Time

text: The albums, which Kirby describes as exploring dementia's "advancement and totality", present poetic track titles and descriptions for each stage, which represent a person with dementia and their feelings. Ideas of deterioration, melancholy, confusion, and abstractness are present throughout; according to writer Alexandra Weiss, Kirby's work "raises significant questions about Western attitudes toward death." "Tiny Mix Tapes" suggested that, as the swan song of the Caretaker alias, "Everywhere" "threatens at every moment to give way to nothing." The albums feature an avant-gardist, experimental concept, with music magazine "Fact" noting a "hauntological link" between "Everywhere"s style and vaporwave's themes. Author Sarah Nove praised "Everywhere"s lack of a physical form of aura, while "Bandcamp Daily"s Matt Mitchell wrote that the series ends in "ethereal catharsis".


title: Everywhere at the End of Time

text: The series' exploration of decay drew comparisons to "The Disintegration Loops" (2002–2003) by musician William Basinski, which, unlike Kirby's work, focuses on physical tape decay in coincidence with the September 11 attacks–not software-induced decay representative of a neurological disease. Although positive of Basinski's works, Kirby said his own "aren't just loops breaking down. They're about why they're breaking down, and how." The sound of "Everywhere" has also been compared to the style of electronic musician Burial; author Matt Colquhoun wrote for "The Quietus" that both artists "highlight the 'broken time of the twenty-first century. While reviewing the first stage, writers Adrian Mark Lore and Andrea Savage commended the record for enjoyers of Basinski, Stars of the Lid, and Brian Eno. Certain samples return constantly throughout—in particular, the 1931 song "Heartaches" as covered by Al Bowlly—and become more degraded with each album. In the last six minutes, a song from "Selected Memories" can be heard.


title: Everywhere at the End of Time

text: The songs get more distorted with each stage, reflecting the patient's memory and its deterioration. The jazz style of the first three stages is reminiscent of "An Empty Bliss", using loops from vinyl records and wax cylinders. On "Stage 3", the songs are shorter—some lasting for only one minute—and typically avoid fade-outs. The Post-Awareness stages reflect Kirby's desire to "explore complete confusion, where everything starts breaking down." The two penultimate stages present chaos in their music, representing the patient's altered perception of reality. The final stage consists of drones, portraying the emptiness of the afflicted person's mind. In its last 15 minutes, it features an organ, choral, and a minute of silence, portraying death. "Stages 4–6" are often highlighted as the focus of "Everywhere"s concept and composition: Miles Bowe of "Pitchfork" wrote about the contrast of the later stages to Kirby's other ambient works as "evolving its sound in new and often frightening ways", while Kirby described the series to be "more about the last three [stages] than the first three." In their "Handbook of the Anthropology of Sound", Bloomsbury Academic describes the later stages as "a disorienting cut-up of slurred reminiscences bathing in a reverberant fog", relating them to amusia and its effects on musical memory.


title: Everywhere at the End of Time

text: "Stage 1" is described as the initial signs of memory deterioration, being the closest album in the series to "a beautiful daydream". On its vinyl release, it features inscripted text reading "Memories That Last a Lifetime". Like "An Empty Bliss", "Stage 1" features the opening seconds of records from the 1920s and 1930s, looped for long lengths. Its samples are altered with pitch changes, reverberation, overtones, and vinyl crackle. The album features a range of emotions, mostly by the notions its song titles invoke; names such as "Into each other's eyes" are sometimes interpreted as a romantic memory of the patient, while more ominous titles, such as "We Don't Have Many Days", point to the patient recognising their own mortality. Despite being an release by the Caretaker, some of its joyful big band compositions are more distorted than others, with one author finding it mildly melancholic. One reviewer likened it to Stanley Kubrick's "Eyes Wide Shut" (1999) and the works of filmmaker Woody Allen, specifying the "elegance" of Kubrick's film and the dramatic avidity of Allen's work.


title: Everywhere at the End of Time

text: "Stage 2" is described as the "self-realisation that something is wrong and a refusal to accept that." In contrast with the first stage's joyful sound, Kirby described the second stage as having "a massive difference between the moods"; "A Losing Battle Is Raging" represents a transition between the first and second stages. The album features a more emotional tone than "Stage 1", with more melancholic, degraded and droning samples. Its source material features more abrupt endings, exploring a hauntological ambience. Track titles, such as "Surrendering to Despair" and "Last Moments of Pure Recall", represent the patient's awareness of their disorder and the accompanying sorrow, with the name "The Way Ahead Feels Lonely" being directly lifted from a book on dementia by Sally Magnusson. The songs play for longer times and feature fewer loops, but are more deteriorated in quality, symbolising the patient's realisation of their faulty memory and the resulting feelings of denial. Kirby described the second stage as one in which a person "probably tries and remember more than [they] usually would".


title: Everywhere at the End of Time

text: "Stage 3" is described as the patient experiencing "some of the last coherent memories before confusion fully rolls in and the grey mists form and fade away." Samples from other works, such as those of "An Empty Bliss", return with an underwater-like sound, portraying the patient's growing despair and struggle to keep their memories. While other stages presented common fade-outs on tracks, songs of "Stage 3" end abruptly. The track titles become more abstract, combining the names of songs from previous stages and "An Empty Bliss" to create phrases such as "Hidden Sea Buried Deep", "To the Minimal Great Hidden", and "Drifting Time Misplaced". The record focuses on the patient's awareness, being the most similar record to "An Empty Bliss" of the series. Kirby explained that "Stage 3" is "the most like "An Empty Bliss" because it's the blissful stage where you're unaware you've actually got dementia." The final tracks of the album are the last recognisable melodies, although some nearly lose their melodic qualities; in Kirby's description, "Stage 3" represents "the last embers of awareness before we enter the post awareness stages."


title: Everywhere at the End of Time

text: The opening track of "Stage 1", "It's Just a Burning Memory", introduces the sample of Al Bowlly's "Heartaches" that gets degraded throughout the series; according to Kirby, Bowlly is "one of the main guys" sampled in the Caretaker alias. In the third track of "Stage 2", "What Does It Matter How My Heart Breaks", "Heartaches" returns in a lethargic style, using a different cover of the same song. This specific version, in contrast to its "Stage 1" counterpart, sounded downbeat to Kirby. The second track of "Stage 3", "And Heart Breaks", contains the last coherent version of "Heartaches", where its horn aspects become more similar to white noise. The songs sampling "Heartaches" take their title from the sample's lyrics, which surround themes of memory; Bowlly sings, "I can't believe it's just a burning memory / Heartaches, heartaches / What does it matter how my heart breaks?"


title: Everywhere at the End of Time

text: "Stage 4" is described as the point at which "the ability to recall singular memories gives way to confusions and horror." It presents a style more akin to noise, in contrast to the first three stages, which featured the same style as "An Empty Bliss". Marking the start of the "Post-Awareness" stages, its four compositions occupy whole vinyl sides. Tracks G1, H1, and J1 are titled "Post Awareness Confusions", which Bowe felt were clinical names, while I1 is titled "Temporary Bliss State". The incoherent melodies introduce a surreal aspect, which some writers opine prepares the listener for the last two stages. Most of the compositions ignore the alias' previous style and use far more distortion than do previous stages. One specific segment of H1, known as the "Hell Sirens", presents a horn sample that Hazelwood called "one of the most horrifying moments of the series." However, "Temporary Bliss State" is a track calmer than the "Post Awareness Confusions", featuring a more ethereal sound. The album's ambience has been likened to experimental musician Oval's album "94 Diskont" (1995), with Hazelwood claiming "Stage 4"s "aural horror" serves as the representation of "echoes of melody and memory".


title: Everywhere at the End of Time

text: "Stage 5" is described as having "more extreme entanglements, repetition and rupture [that] can give way to calmer moments." The album expands its noise influence and has similarities with the works of Merzbow and John Wiese; coherent melodies lose significance, replaced by overlapped samples. Hazelwood interpreted it as "a traffic jam in audio form", likening it to neurons that become filled with beta amyloids. The record significantly differs from previous albums, sometimes using source material reduced in volume to a whisper. According to Falisi, it lacks a sense of comfort; in contrast with "Stage 1"s first signs, "Stage 5" presents complete disorder. The record uses the most vocals of the series and includes recognisable English lyrics; near the end of the opening track, a man announces, "This selection will be a mandolin solo by Mr. James Fitzgerald." Like "Stage 4", "Stage 5"s track names are clinical, using neurological references such as plaque, entanglements, synapses, and the retrogenesis hypothesis; Hazelwood considered titles such as "Advanced Plaque Entanglements" and "Sudden Time Regression Into Isolation" to be documenting dementia's "inhumanity".


title: Everywhere at the End of Time

text: "Stage 6", according to Kirby, "is without description." UWIRE's Esther Ju called it the most interpretative record of the series, and said "most would describe it as the sounds of the void." While "Stage 5" had snippets of instruments and voices, "Stage 6" features drowned, empty compositions consisting of hissing and crackling, which Hazelwood interpreted as portraying the patient's apathy. It generally consists of sound collages in which the music is audible, yet distant. Its song titles feature less clinical and more emotional phrases, such as "A Confusion So Thick You Forget Forgetting" and "A Brutal Bliss Beyond This Empty Defeat". It is the most distant from the sounds of "An Empty Bliss" and portrays strong anxiety. After releasing "Stage 6", Kirby commented on the YouTube video of the complete edition: "Thanks for the support through the years. May the ballroom remain eternal. "C'est fini"."


title: Everywhere at the End of Time

text: The final track, "Place in the World Fades Away", features organ drones which have been compared to the 2014 film "Interstellar" soundtrack. The organ eventually gives way to a needle drop. The climax of "Everywhere", six minutes before the project's end, features a clearly audible choir sourced from a degraded vinyl record. The series ends with a minute of silence representing the patient's death. Although the moment evoked varying interpretations from commentators, the most accepted theory by critics and medics is that it represents terminal lucidity, the phenomenon of patients experiencing clarity briefly before death. Falisi considered it the movement of the patient's soul to the afterlife. The last six minutes sample a performance of Bach's aria "Lasst Mich Ihn Nur Noch Einmal Küssen" ("Just Let Me Kiss Him One More Time") of the "St Luke Passion", BWV 246. The sample was also used on the track "Friends Past Reunited" from "Selected Memories". This was interpreted by one reviewer as the Caretaker alias in a "full circle moment".


title: Everywhere at the End of Time

text: Kirby produced "Everywhere at the End of Time" at his flat in Krakow using a computer "designed specifically for the production of music". He made more tracks for the first stage alone than in the alias' entire history. The albums were produced a year before their release; "Stage 3" development began in September 2016 and "Stage 6" began in May 2018. Kirby stated that the first three stages have "subtle but crucial differences", presenting the same general style "based on the mood and the awareness that a person with the condition would feel." Kirby wanted the mastering process, done by Andreas "Lupo" Lubich, to be "consistent sounding all the way through". He said a compositional strategy was to use various covers of sampled songs to associate specific emotional messages with each. Rather than buying physical records as he did with "An Empty Bliss", Kirby found most samples online, stating, "It's possible to find ten versions of one song now." Kirby noted that "Stage 1" looped short sections of songs, while "Stage 2" would let the samples fully play. Describing "Stage 3" to be the most similar to "An Empty Bliss", Kirby stated "Stages 1–3" could be listened to on shuffle while remaining cohesive. Between the release of the third and fourth stages, Kirby announced he was "moving house and studio".


title: Everywhere at the End of Time

text: Kirby's production focus was on the last three stages; he wanted to create what he called a "listenable chaos". Kirby added that, while producing "Stage 4", he realised that the final three stages "had to be made from the viewpoint of post-awareness." Explaining the name, Kirby titled them "Post-Awareness" because they are when the patient is not aware of a disorder. Kirby reported feeling pressured while working on the final three stages, saying, "I'd be finishing one stage, mastering another, all whilst starting another stage." In composing the fourth and fifth stages, Kirby claimed he possessed over 200 hours of music and "compiled it based on mood". "The Believer"s Landon Bates likened "Stage 4" to "Radio Music" (1956) by composer John Cage, to which Kirby responded that Cage's style of aleatoric music—music with random elements—inspired the later stages. He said "Stage 5" is "a distinct change" from "Stage 4", writing that "it's not immediate but it's a crucial symptom." According to Kirby, the production of the final stage was the hardest, due to the public's expectations and "the weight of the previous five [stages] falling all on this now."


title: Everywhere at the End of Time

text: The album covers for "Everywhere at the End of Time" are abstract oil paintings by Kirby's long-time friend Ivan Seal. They are minimalist and become less recognisable with each stage; each presents a single object and has no text. "Tiny Mix Tapes" included "Beaten Frowns After"—the artwork for "Stage 1"—in their lists for best album covers of 2016 and of the 2010s. Some have compared Kirby and Seal: both are English-born and have similar ways of producing art. Seal paints objects based on memory, saying, "Art is always working from memory".


title: Everywhere at the End of Time

text: The first three album covers are titled "Beaten Frowns After" (2016), "Pittor Pickgown in Khatheinstersper" (2015) and "Hag" (2014), respectively. "Beaten Frowns After" features a grey unravelling scroll on a vacant horizon, with newspaper folds similar to a brain's creases, which "Teen Ink" writer Sydney Leahy likened to the patient's awareness of the disease's progression. "Pittor Pickgown in Khatheinstersper" portrays four wilting flowers in an abstract rotten rock vase. "Hag" presents a kelp plant distorted to the extreme, which Sam Goldner of "Tiny Mix Tapes" described as "a vase spilling out into ripples of disorder."


title: Everywhere at the End of Time

text: The paintings for the final three stages are respectively titled "Giltsholder" (2017), "Eptitranxisticemestionscers Desending" (2017) and "Necrotomigaud" (2018). "Giltsholder" is the first artwork to present a human figure, in the form of a blue-and-green bust with unrecognisable facial features. According to Goldner, the figure appears smiling when viewed from a distance; Leahy interpreted it as representing the patient's lack of capability to recognise a person. Considered the most abstract cover, "Eptitranxisticemestionscers Desending" depicts an abstract mass, which writers claim is a woman or a marble-like staircase. Hazelwood interpreted it as representing the patient's mind; although it once presented experiences, it is now unrecognisable. "Necrotomigaud" presents an art board with a square of loosely attached blue tape, reflecting "Stage 6" emotional emptiness.


title: Everywhere at the End of Time

text: Seal's paintings and the Caretaker's music were featured in the 2019 French art exhibition "Everywhere, an Empty Bliss" by the company FRAC Auvergne, which featured documents about the duo's work and revealed the names of the album covers. Previously, Seal's paintings were also featured near one of Kirby's performances in the 2019 exhibition "Cukuwruums". In 2018, when asked why the digital pages of the album detailed the concept with text but the physical packaging did not include such descriptions, Kirby said that Seal's paintings are important to each stage, and he was happy Kirby used them as the album covers. Writing about the overlap between their artistic visions, Kirby said that both "collide in a great way". He believed his liner notes would distract from Seal's art and kept them in digital form for listeners that "search a little deeper".


title: Everywhere at the End of Time

text: Kirby initially thought of not producing "Everywhere" at all. Six months before the release of the first stage, he talked about it to other people, explaining he "wanted to be sure it didn't come across as this highbrow, pretentious idea." The albums were released over three years: the first stage in 2016, the next two in 2017, the penultimate two in 2018, and the final one in 2019. According to Kirby, the delays were made to "give a sense of time passing" to the listeners. Although he expressed concern with dementia as a social problem, Kirby has said the disorder does not affect him "at a personal level", calling it "more of a fascination than a fear". He noted that each dementia patient's experience is unique, asserting his portrayal was "only unique to the Caretaker". Kirby stated his music is not available on Spotify due to his criticism of it, and the "constant devaluing of music by big business and streaming services."


title: Everywhere at the End of Time

text: When releasing the first stage on 22 September 2016, Kirby announced the series' concept, "diagnosing" the Caretaker alias with dementia through albums that reveal "progression, loss and disintegration" as they fell "towards the abyss of complete memory loss". This statement misled some to believe that Kirby himself had been diagnosed with early-onset dementia, namely "The Fader"s Jordan Darville and Marvin Lin of "Tiny Mix Tapes". Both publications updated their posts when Kirby clarified that he did not have dementia; only the Caretaker persona did. He released "Stage 3" and "We, So Tired of All the Darkness in Our Lives" on the same day, the latter under his own name. Releasing "Stage 5", Kirby's press release compared the series' progression to the then-ongoing Brexit process. The Caretaker's final record, released alongside "Stage 6", was "Everywhere, an Empty Bliss" (2019), a compilation album of work initially meant to be used on "Everywhere".


title: Everywhere at the End of Time

text: Anonymous visual artist Weirdcore created music videos for the first two stages, both uploaded to Kirby's YouTube channel vvmtest. Released in September 2016 and 2017, they have effects such as time-stretching and delay. Weirdcore was known for creating visuals for ambient musician Aphex Twin. Kirby said the visuals are important to his music and called them "otherworldly". In 2020, Weirdcore's visuals were presented with Kirby's music in a YouTube video titled "[−0º]"; it was chosen as one of the best audiovisual works of the year by "Fact". As of , there are no official music videos on vvmtest for the last four stages.


title: Everywhere at the End of Time

text: In December 2017, Kirby performed at the Krakow Barbican for the Unsound Festival in Poland. The show was his first since 2011, featuring Seal's art and Weirdcore's visuals. The music videos would be presented throughout the Caretaker's following shows. In March 2018, Kirby was featured at in Paris, where he played a version of the 1944 song "Ce Soir" by singer Tino Rossi. He participated at Unsound's May 2019 "Solidarity" show, also set in Krakow. In April 2020, he was due to perform live for the "[Re]setting" Rewire Festival, which would have occurred at the Hague in the Netherlands; the show was cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic. However, Kirby has an interview and a performance on Rewire also at the Hague scheduled for 6–10 April 2023. Kirby performed at Donaufestival Krems on 7 May 2022, and is expected to appear at Primavera Sound Barcelona on 3 June. Previously expressing hesitation to perform, Kirby said he would now make each show "a battle to make sense from the confusion". He added that Weirdcore would bring Seal's paintings "alive", with the visual art also exploring the idea of making the public "feel ill".


title: Everywhere at the End of Time

text: "Everywhere at the End of Time" received increasingly positive reactions as it progressed, with one writer theorising that Kirby's expansion on the themes of "An Empty Bliss" was due to such concept being "loaded beyond the capacities of a 40-some-minute ambient record". In March 2021, it peaked as the best-selling record on Boomkat, the platform Kirby uses for his physical releases. As of , it remains one of Bandcamp's best-selling dark ambient records. Initially, in response to "today's culture of instant reaction", Kirby said, "these parts have been looped for a specific reason... which will become clear down the line."


title: Everywhere at the End of Time

text: The first three stages of the series were criticised for their portrayal of dementia. "Pitchfork" contributor Brian Howe expressed concern that the first stage may be a romanticised, if not exploitative, view of a mental illness. He found Kirby's description inaccurate; Howe "watched [his] grandmother succumb to it for a decade before she died, and it was very little like a 'beautiful daydream.' In fact, there was nothing aesthetic about it." Pat Beane of "Tiny Mix Tapes" considered "Stage 1" the most "pleasurable listen from [t]he Caretaker", although Falisi regarded "Stage 2" as neither "decay or beauty", "diagnosis or cure". In 2021, Hazelwood described "Stage 3" as Kirby's default "bag of tricks", but argued that these "are essential to the journey"; she followed this up by calling the first three stages "easily-digested" and "so fast. Almost too fast." She argued that "without those stages and their comforts, the transition into "Stage 4" wouldn't have the crushing impact it does."


title: Everywhere at the End of Time

text: The last three stages' portrayal of dementia was generally described as better. "Pitchfork" contributor Miles Bowe described "Stage 4" as avoiding "a risk of pale romanticisation", and Goldner felt that the record had "broken the loop", although he added that "Temporary Bliss State" is not "real dementia". Falisi, writing about Goldner, was critical of "Stage 5", considering the loop to be "unspooling (endlessly) off the capstans and piling up until new shapes form." He described the album's sound as "the uncanny choke of absence", and argued, "If the thing is gone, why do I still feel it?" Characterisations of "Stage 6" ranged from "a mental descent rendered in agonisingly slow motion" to "something extra-ambient whose aches are of the cosmos." Critics often described "Stage 6" with additional praise; one called it a "jaw-dropping piece of sonic art" with "a unique force".


title: Everywhere at the End of Time

text: Critics have also commented on the interpretative, "though-provoking" feelings evoked by the series as a whole. Dave Gurney of "Tiny Mix Tapes" called it "disturbing", while Hazelwood said that its music "sticks with you, its melodies haunting and infecting." Luka Vukos, in his review for the blog "HeadStuff", argued that the "empathy machine" of the series "is characterised not by words", and its power "rests in [Kirby's] marrying of [the vinyl record] with the most contemporary modes of digital recall and manipulation." Having written about some of Kirby's earlier music, Simon Reynolds said the Caretaker "could have renamed himself the Caregiver, for on this project he resembles a sonic nurse in a hospice for the terminally ill." In his opinion, "titles are heartbreaking and often describe the music more effectively than the reviewer ever could."


title: Everywhere at the End of Time

text: "Everywhere at the End of Time" appeared the most on year-end lists of "The Quietus" and "Tiny Mix Tapes". The latter reviewed each album, except for "Stage 3", and gave the first, fourth and sixth stages the "EUREKA!" award, given to albums "explor[ing] the limits of noise and music" and "worthy of careful consideration". "Resident Advisor" included "Stage 6" in its listing of 2019's best albums. "Quietus" contributor Maria Perevedentseva chose "We Don't Have Many Days" as one of the best songs of 2016; "Stage 5" would later be included in the publication's listing of the best music of September 2018. "Stage 6" was named the website's "Lead Review" of the week and the best "miscellaneous" music release of 2019.


title: Everywhere at the End of Time

text: Considered some of the best albums of the 2010s, "Everywhere at the End of Time" is regarded by several critics and musicians as Kirby's "magnum opus". One reviewer singled out the two penultimate stages, the most chaotic ones, as making listeners reflect on the feeling of having dementia. "Everywhere" conceptualisation also received acclaim: the portrayal of dementia was described by The Vinyl Factory as "remarkably emotive" and by "Vogue"s Corey Seymour as "life-changing". "Tiny Mix Tapes" writer Jessie Dunn Rovinelli said "Stage 6"s "corny" ending gives "the release his concept might want to refuse but that our decaying, sappy minds want." Inspired by the Caretaker, the fan-made 100-track album "Memories Overlooked" was released in 2017 by vaporwave musicians whose elder relatives had dementia. "Daily Record" writer Darren McGarvey claimed he felt "struck by a deep sense of gratitude" after finishing "Everywhere", stating that is the "power of a proper piece of art", and author Cole Quinn called "Everywhere" the greatest album of all time.


title: Everywhere at the End of Time

text: In January 2020, YouTube user Solar Sands uploaded the video "Can You Name One Object In This Photo?"; exploring the aspects of Seal's work in "Everywhere", it received 3.5 million views as of . Later in October, users on the social media platform TikTok created a challenge of listening to the entire series in one sitting, due to its long length and existential themes. Kirby knew about the phenomenon from an exponential growth of views on the series' YouTube upload (27 million as of ); only 12% of them came from the platform's algorithm, whereas direct searches made up over 50%. In a video some writers hypothesised as the cause of "Everywhere"s popularity, YouTuber A Bucket of Jake called the series "the darkest album I have ever heard". Following its popularity, the series appeared often on Bandcamp's ambient recommendations.


title: Everywhere at the End of Time

text: Some TikTok users shared fictional creepypasta stories of the series with claims that it cures patients or, conversely, that it introduces symptoms of dementia in people. The claims and the listening challenge triggered a negative backlash from others, who felt it offended patients. Kirby, however, did not feel this way, but rather saw the series as giving teenagers "an understanding into the symptoms a person with dementia may face." Lazlo Rugoff of the Vinyl Factory found the TikTok phenomenon drew "an unlikely audience" of teenagers to Kirby's music, and "Everywhere" was later called by TikTok's William Gruger a niche discovery and "unexpected hit". The series has seen continued use as a meme throughout the early 2020s, coinciding with the period of the COVID-19 pandemic and its mental health issues on teenagers. Several parodies of the albums have been created by new fans following this period, including one sampling the music library from "SpongeBob SquarePants".


title: Everywhere at the End of Time

text: In 2021, "Everywhere" gained attention among the modding community of the rhythm game "Friday Night Funkin'" (2020); the mod "Everywhere at the End of Funk" was described by Wren Romero of esports group Gamurs as "one of the most unique experiences of any "FNF" mod." The series was also popularised for its relation to the Backrooms, a creepypasta about an endless empty office space, which writer Silvia Trevisson said stemmed from their similar portrayals of absurd states of mind.


title: Everywhere at the End of Time

text: Within neurological research groups, "Everywhere at the End of Time" has been seen as a generally positive influence. One Iowa State University researcher found the series to present the "chilling reality" of Alzheimer's disease, highlighting the gradual progression of calmness into confusion. Brian Browne, the president of Dementia Care Education, said Kirby's portrayal of Alzheimer's disease is "a much welcome thing" to caretakers of dementia patients. He praised the series' newfound attention, as "it produces the empathy that's needed."


title: Everywhere at the End of Time

text: Partially positive of Kirby's work, French neuropsychologist Hervé Platel praised "Everywhere"s approach and general faithfulness to the process of dementia. However, Platel also criticised the series for giving the impression of memory as a linear system, explaining that musical memory is the last to fade away.


title: Everywhere at the End of Time

text: Adapted from Bandcamp. Total lengths and notes adapted from Kirby's YouTube uploads of "Stages 1–3", "Stages 4–6", and the complete edition.


title: Emperor Taishō

text: The Emperor's personal name was . According to Japanese custom, while reigning the Emperor is simply called "the Emperor". After death, he is known by a posthumous name, which is the name of the era coinciding with his reign. Having ruled during the Taishō era, he is known as the "Emperor Taishō".


title: Emperor Taishō

text: Prince Yoshihito was born at the Tōgū Palace in Akasaka, Tokyo to Emperor Meiji and Yanagiwara Naruko, a concubine with the official title of "gon-no-tenji" (imperial concubine). As was common practice at the time, Emperor Meiji's consort, Empress Shōken, was officially regarded as his mother. He received the personal name of Yoshihito Shinnō and the title "Haru-no-miya" from the Emperor on 6 September 1879. His two older siblings had died in infancy, and he too was born sickly.


title: Emperor Taishō

text: Prince Yoshihito contracted cerebral meningitis within three weeks of his birth. (It has also been rumoured that he suffered from lead poisoning, supposedly contracted from the lead-based makeup his wet nurse used.)


title: Emperor Taishō

text: As was the practice at the time, Prince Yoshihito was entrusted to the care of his great-grandfather, Marquess Nakayama Tadayasu, in whose house he lived from infancy until the age of seven. Prince Nakayama had also raised his grandson, Emperor Meiji, as a child.


title: Emperor Taishō

text: From March 1885, Prince Yoshihito moved to the Aoyama Detached Palace, where he was tutored in the mornings on reading, writing, arithmetic, and morals, and in the afternoons on sports, but progress was slow due to his poor health and frequent fevers. From 1886, he was taught together with 15–20 selected classmates from the "ōke" and higher ranking "kazoku" peerage at a special school, the "Gogakumonsho", within the Aoyama Palace.


title: Emperor Taishō

text: Yoshihito was officially declared heir on 31 August 1887, and had his formal investiture as crown prince on 3 November 1888. While crown prince, he was often referred to simply as (Or 'Eastern Palace', a metonymy for heir to the throne originated from China's Han dynasty).


title: Emperor Taishō

text: In September 1887, Yoshihito entered the elementary department of the Gakushūin; but, due to his health problems, he was often unable to continue his studies. For health reasons, he spent much of his youth at the Imperial villas at Hayama and Numazu, both of which are located at the sea. Although the prince showed skill in some areas, such as horse riding, he proved to be poor in areas requiring higher-level thought. He was finally withdrawn from Gakushuin before finishing the middle school course in 1894. However, he did appear to have an aptitude for languages and continued to receive extensive tutoring in French, Chinese, and history from private tutors at the Akasaka Palace; Emperor Meiji gave Prince Takehito responsibility for taking care of Prince Yoshihito, and the two princes became friends.


title: Emperor Taishō

text: From 1898, largely at the insistence of Itō Hirobumi, the Prince began to attend sessions of the House of Peers of the Diet of Japan as a way of learning about the political and military concerns of the country. In the same year, he gave his first official receptions to foreign diplomats, with whom he was able to shake hands and converse graciously. His infatuation with western culture and tendency to sprinkle French words into his conversations was a source of irritation for Emperor Meiji.


title: Emperor Taishō

text: In October 1898, the Prince also traveled from the Numazu Imperial Villa to Kobe, Hiroshima, and Etajima, visiting sites connected with the Imperial Japanese Navy. He made another tour in 1899 to Kyūshū, visiting government offices, schools and factories (such as Yawata Iron and Steel in Fukuoka and the Mitsubishi shipyards in Nagasaki).


title: Emperor Taishō

text: On 10 May 1900, Crown Prince Yoshihito married the then 15-year-old Kujō Sadako, daughter of Prince Kujō Michitaka, the head of the five senior branches of the Fujiwara clan. She had been carefully selected by Emperor Meiji for her intelligence, articulation, and pleasant disposition and dignity – to complement Prince Yoshihito in the areas where he was lacking. The Akasaka Palace was constructed from 1899 to 1909 in a lavish European rococo style, to serve as the Crown Prince's official residence. The Prince and Princess had the following children: Hirohito, Yasuhito, Nobuhito, Takahito


title: Emperor Taishō

text: In 1902, Yoshihito continued his tours to observe the customs and geography of Japan, this time of central Honshū, where he visited the noted Buddhist temple of Zenkō-ji in Nagano. With tensions rising between Japan and Russia, Yoshihito was promoted in 1903 to the rank of colonel in the Imperial Japanese Army and captain in the Imperial Japanese Navy. His military duties were only ceremonial, but he traveled to inspect military facilities in Wakayama, Ehime, Kagawa and Okayama that year.


title: Emperor Taishō

text: In October 1907, the Crown Prince toured Korea, accompanied by Admiral Tōgō Heihachirō, General Katsura Tarō, and Prince Arisugawa Taruhito. It was the first time an heir apparent to the throne had ever left Japan. During this period, he began studying the Korean language, although he never became proficient at it.


title: Emperor Taishō

text: On 30 July 1912, upon the death of his father, Emperor Meiji, Prince Yoshihito ascended the throne. The new emperor was kept out of view of the public as much as possible, having suffered from various neurological problems. At the 1913 opening of the Imperial Diet of Japan, one of the rare occasions he was seen in public, he is famously reported to have rolled his prepared speech into a cylinder and stared at the assembly through it, as if through a . Although rumors attributed this to poor mental condition, others, including those who knew him well, believed that he may have been checking to make sure the speech was rolled up properly, as his manual dexterity was also handicapped.


title: Emperor Taishō

text: His lack of articulation and charisma, his disabilities and his eccentricities, led to an increase in incidents of lèse majesté. As his condition deteriorated, he had less and less interest in daily political affairs, and the ability of the genrō, Keeper of the Privy Seal, and Imperial Household Minister to manipulate his decisions came to be a matter of common knowledge. The two-party political system that had been developing in Japan since the turn of the century came of age after World War I, giving rise to the nickname for the period, "Taishō Democracy", prompting a shift in political power to the Imperial Diet of Japan and the democratic parties.


title: Emperor Taishō

text: After 1918, the emperor no longer was able to attend Army or Navy maneuvers, appear at the graduation ceremonies of the military academies, perform the annual Shinto ritual ceremonies, or even attend the official opening of sessions of the Diet of Japan.


title: Emperor Taishō

text: After 1919, he undertook no official duties, and Crown Prince Hirohito was named prince regent ("sesshō") on 25 November 1921.


title: Emperor Taishō

text: The emperor's reclusive life was unaffected by the Great Kantō Earthquake of 1923. Fortuitously, he had moved by imperial train to Tamozawa Imperial Villa at Nikko the week before the disaster; but his son, Crown Prince Hirohito, remained at the Imperial Palace where he was at the heart of the event. Carrier pigeons kept the Emperor informed as information about the extent of the devastation became known.


title: Emperor Taishō

text: In early December 1926, it was announced that the emperor had pneumonia. He died of a heart attack at 1:25 a.m. in the early morning of Christmas Day 1926, at the Hayama Imperial Villa at Hayama, on Sagami Bay south of Tokyo (in Kanagawa Prefecture). He was 47 years old and succeeded by his eldest son, Hirohito, Emperor Shōwa.