title: Rod Serling

text: In December 1966, the made-for-television movie "The Doomsday Flight" aired. The fictional plot concerned an airplane with a bomb aboard. If the plane landed without the ransom money being paid, the aircraft would explode. The bomb was set with an altitude trigger that would detonate it if the plane dropped below four thousand feet. The show was one of the highest-rated of the television season, but both Serling and his brother Robert, a technical advisor on the project (a specialist in aviation), regretted making the film. After the film was aired, a rash of copycats telephoned in ransom demands to most of the largest airlines. Serling was truly devastated by what his script had encouraged. He told reporters who flocked to interview him, "I wish to Christ that I had written a stagecoach drama starring John Wayne instead."


title: Rod Serling

text: After being knocked out in a 1961 boxing match, Archie Moore said, "Man, I was in the "Twilight Zone"!"


title: Rod Serling

text: Also in 1961, the FCC chairman, Newton N. Minow, gave a speech in which he called television programming a "vast wasteland", citing "The Twilight Zone" as one of only a few exceptions.


title: Rod Serling

text: Serling is indelibly woven into modern popular culture because of the enduring popularity of "The Twilight Zone". Serling's widow, Carol, maintained that the cult status that surrounded both her husband and his shows continues to be a surprise, "as I'm sure it would have been to him." "It won't go away. It keeps bobbing up. ... Each year, I think, well, that's it—and then something else turns up." She survived him to the age of 90, dying on January 9, 2020, and participated in the continuing interest in Rod's work, sometimes preparing them for a new format and editing a publication about Rod that she founded, "The Twilight Zone Magazine", as well as many activities to promote his legacy.


title: Rod Serling

text: "The Twilight Zone" has been rerun, re-created and re-imagined since going off the air in 1964. It has been released in comic book form, as a magazine, a , and three additional television series from 1985 to 1989, from 2002 to 2003, and from 2019 to 2020. In 1988, J. Michael Straczynski scripted Serling's outline "Our Selena Is Dying" for the 1980s "Twilight Zone" series.


title: Rod Serling

text: Some of Serling's works are now available in graphic novels. "Rod Serling's The Twilight Zone" is a series of adaptations by Mark Kneece and Rich Ellis based on original scripts written by Serling. Several episodes were adapted into novel form for pulp fiction books by Serling himself.


title: Rod Serling

text: "The Twilight Zone" is not the only Serling work to reappear. In 1994, "Rod Serling's Lost Classics" released two never-before-seen works that Carol Serling found in her garage. The first was an outline called, "The Theatre", which Richard Matheson expanded. The second was a complete script written by Serling, "Where the Dead Are".


title: Rod Serling

text: Serling and his work on "The Twilight Zone" inspired the Disney theme park attraction "The Twilight Zone" Tower of Terror, which debuted at Disney's Hollywood Studios at the Walt Disney World Resort in Florida in 1994. Serling appears in the attraction through the use of repurposed archival footage, and voice actor Mark Silverman provides the dubbing of Serling's dialogue for the attraction at both Hollywood Studios and the defunct version at Disney California Adventure in Anaheim. The ride takes place in the once-elegant Hollywood Tower Hotel that was struck by lightning, which caused the mysterious disappearance of five guests. Riders enter an abandoned elevator shaft as they become part of a "lost episode" of "The Twilight Zone", with the attraction taking guests up 13 stories and dropping them multiple times.


title: Rod Serling

text: Annually since 1995, Binghamton High School, Serling's alma mater, primarily in partnership with WSKG-TV, hosts the Rod Serling Video Festival for students in kindergarten through grade 12. The festival encourages young people to engage in filmmaking.


title: Rod Serling

text: More than 30 years after his death, Serling was digitally resurrected for an episode of the television series "Medium" that aired on November 21, 2005. Filmed partially in 3-D, it opened with Serling's introducing the episode and instructing viewers when to put on their 3-D glasses. This was accomplished using footage from "The Twilight Zone" episode "The Midnight Sun" and digitally manipulating Serling's mouth to match new dialogue spoken by voice actor Mark Silverman. The plot involved paintings coming to life, a nod to both "The Twilight Zone" and "Night Gallery".


title: Rod Serling

text: On August 11, 2009, the United States Postal Service released its "Early TV Memories" commemorative stamp collection honoring notable television programs. One of the 20 stamps honored "The Twilight Zone" and featured a portrait of Serling.


title: Rod Serling

text: Through a mix of computer animation, a simulated version of Serling appeared at the end of the "Blurryman" episode of the 2019 revival of "The Twilight Zone". This was done with a facial performance by Ryan Hesp, motion-capture by Jefferson Black, and a voice reprisal by Mark Silverman.


title: The Perfect Storm (film)

text: The Perfect Storm is a 2000 American biographical disaster drama film directed by Wolfgang Petersen and based on the 1997 creative non-fiction book of the same name by Sebastian Junger. The film was adapted by William D. Wittliff, with an uncredited rewrite by Bo Goldman, and tells the story of the "Andrea Gail", a commercial fishing vessel that was lost at sea with all hands after being caught in the Perfect Storm of 1991. The film stars George Clooney, Mark Wahlberg, Diane Lane, William Fichtner, Karen Allen, Bob Gunton, Mary Elizabeth Mastrantonio and John C. Reilly. It was released on June 30, 2000, by Warner Bros. and grossed $328 million worldwide.


title: The Perfect Storm (film)

text: In October 1991, the commercial swordfishing boat "Andrea Gail" returns to port in Gloucester, Massachusetts, with a poor catch. Boat owner Bob Brown ridicules and taunts Captain Billy Tyne over his recent "cold streak". Desperate to redeem himself, Captain Tyne convinces the "Andrea Gail" crew to join him for one more late-season fishing expedition. The crew heads out past their usual fishing grounds on the Grand Banks of Newfoundland, leaving a developing tropical storm behind them. Initially unsuccessful, they head to the Flemish Cap, where their luck greatly improves. After amassing thousands of pounds of fish, the ice machine breaks down; the only way to sell their catch before it spoils is to hurry back to shore. However, between "Andrea Gail" and Gloucester is a confluence of two powerful weather fronts and a hurricane, which the crew underestimates.


title: The Perfect Storm (film)

text: As the crew of "Andrea Gail" battles the raging sea, a strong wind breaks the ship's radio antenna just as Hurricane "Grace" and the northern weather front merge with each other atop them. Rookie fisherman Bobby Shatford attempts to fix it but can only watch helplessly as the antenna breaks off and disappears into the sky. Shortly after, Captain Linda Greenlaw of sister ship "Hannah Boden" calls in a Mayday for the "Andrea Gail". A New York Air National Guard HH-60 Pave Hawk rescue helicopter responds, but after failing to perform a midair refueling with an HC-130 Hercules, the helicopter crew aborts the mission and ditch their aircraft. All but one of the Air National Guard crew members are rescued by a Coast Guard vessel, the USCGC "Tamaroa".


title: The Perfect Storm (film)

text: The "Andrea Gail" endures various problems including 40 foot waves crashing onto the deck, a broken stabilizer ramming the side of the ship with a loose anchor, and two crew members briefly getting thrown overboard. The ship struggles to sail through pounding waves and shrieking winds, while friends and family worry and wait for news. Billy makes a successful attempt to turn the boat around. However, the vessel encounters an enormous rogue wave. They attempt to drive the boat over the wave, but it crests before it can get to the top and is overturned. Billy elects to go down with his ship, the rest of the crew are trapped inside the living quarters, and only one, Bobby, manages to get out. He surfaces and watches as "Andrea Gail" rights herself before sinking stern-first into the depths of the Atlantic. Bobby silently says goodbye to his girlfriend and loved ones as the rapidly rising swell carries him away.


title: The Perfect Storm (film)

text: There are no survivors; Linda reads the eulogy at the memorial. Later, as she heads out to sea again, she remembers Billy soliloquizing about what it means to be a sword (fish) boat captain.


title: The Perfect Storm (film)

text: Other notable appearances include Joseph D. Reitman as Douglas Kosco and Sandy Ward as Quentin (The Old Timer), a retired fisherman.


title: The Perfect Storm (film)

text: A ship similar to "Andrea Gail", "Lady Grace", was used during the filming of the movie. Most of the names used were not changed for the fictional film, but in response two lawsuits were later filed by certain families of the crew members. The film only claims to be "based on a true story", and differs in many ways from the book starting with the fictionalization of the material into a "story". The events shown in the film after the "Andrea Gail"'s last radio contact are pure speculation, as the boat and the bodies of the crew were never found.


title: The Perfect Storm (film)

text: Contrary to the movie's storyline, Captain Linda Greenlaw says she did not place a distress call on behalf of "Andrea Gail". "Without a distress call (directly) from the imperiled vessel, the Coast Guard will not initiate a search until the vessel is five days overdue in port," Greenlaw said. She had also been 600 miles east of the "Andrea Gail" when she went down (not west as depicted), and stated "They never indicated they were in trouble. They just never came back." The 1993 U.S. Coast Guard's investigative report said that "Andrea Gail" was experiencing 30-foot waves and winds from anywhere from around the time of the last communication. The conditions, though threatening, were probably not unfamiliar to Tyne, who had been a successful fisherman for about a decade on other vessels, taking trips to the Grand Banks and fishing off Florida, the Carolinas, and elsewhere. The investigative report did however mention a buoy off the coast of Nova Scotia recording a record wave height of 100.7 ft (30.7 m).


title: The Perfect Storm (film)

text: Hurricane Grace is exaggerated in the movie when it is referred to by a weather forecaster as a "category 5" storm, which has winds sustained at over 137 knots (≥ 157 mph). In reality, the hurricane had already peaked at category 2 intensity and ocean buoy monitors recorded wind gusts at 65 knots (75 mph) around the time "Andrea Gail" sank. In the movie, Tyne and his crew agreed to head into the dangerous storm in order to save their fish from spoiling. Greenlaw acknowledged that Tyne did mention having ice problems, but that was not unusual. "My one gripe about [the] movie was how Warner Brothers depicted Billy Tyne and his crew as making a very conscious decision to steam into a storm that they knew was dangerous," said Greenlaw. "That is not what happened. "Andrea Gail" was three days into their steam home when the storm hit. Whatever happened to "Andrea Gail" happened very quickly."


title: The Perfect Storm (film)

text: An Air National Guard helicopter was dispatched from Francis S. Gabreski Air National Guard Base on Long Island, New York, but not in response to the "Andrea Gail" or "Satori" ("Mistral" in the movie). The helicopter departed mid-storm on a mission to help save a lone Japanese fisherman from a sinking sailboat 250 miles off the New Jersey coast. Unsuccessful and running low on fuel, the Air National Guard Sikorsky HH-60G helicopter was compelled to attempt a mid-flight refueling maneuver. The zero-visibility conditions thwarted their efforts, however, and lacking enough fuel to make the flight back to the Long Island base, the crew were forced to ditch the helicopter. After a search by "Tamaroa", four of the HH-60's crew were picked up; one was never seen again. The Japanese yachtsman was later rescued by a Romanian cargo ship.


title: The Perfect Storm (film)

text: When asked about the portrayal of "Sully" in the movie, Cathy Sullivan Mustone, an older sister of David "Sully" Sullivan, said she was disappointed. "They made my brother's character out to be a hothead," she said. "I guess every movie needs a villain, but my brother was a funny guy with a loud laugh and a big smile. He had a lot of guts and he loved fishing." In fact, Sullivan's bravery and quick thinking made headlines on a different boat—"Harmony". One night during a winter fishing trip, "Harmony" began taking on water while tied to another boat. The crew of "Harmony" yelled for help, hoping to wake the nearby crew. No one woke, so Sullivan dove into the icy water, pulling himself on the ropes that tied the boats together. As a result of his bravery, "Harmony"'s crew was saved. Mustone said, "At least in the movie, they did represent my brother's bravery in a water rescue scene. He was a good man. And I just know he is at peace in heaven, safe with our Dad."


title: The Perfect Storm (film)

text: The crew members of "Satori" (renamed "Mistral" in the movie) were not rescued by an Air National Guard helicopter, but rather by a U.S. Coast Guard helicopter. The helicopter was changed in the film after the Air National Guard had issues consulting with the movie producers. According to the owner's son, "Satori" never made a 360° roll, although it had two knockdowns, during which it lay on its side for about 30 seconds. In response to requests by the crew, Captain Ray Leonard permitted the two crewmembers to make a position report over radio, during which they made an unauthorized Mayday call. One of those crewmembers reported that she was so convinced that she was going to die that she wrote her name down and put it into a plastic bag duct-taped to her stomach so her body could be identified.


title: The Perfect Storm (film)

text: There is controversy over whether the Captain was drunk, as charged by the women in the book, with Leonard objecting to this characterization. Out of compassion for the expected loss of his boat, the Coast Guard did not test his blood alcohol levels at the time. The Coast Guard declared the voyage manifestly unsafe and ordered everyone off-board, including the unwilling skipper. The Coast Guard first tried to take them on board via an inflatable boat, but after it was damaged when trying to approach "Satori" they sent a helicopter, which is a much riskier approach, as a rescue swimmer must jump into dangerous seas. The Coast Guard helicopter did not try to lower rescue gear onto the yacht (as shown in the movie, where it gets entangled with the mast), but rather asked the crew of "Satori" to jump overboard to meet a rescue swimmer in the water. Leonard eventually complied with the request.


title: The Perfect Storm (film)

text: After the storm, Leonard searched for the "Satori", hoping to find her still afloat, but in spite of his attempts she was found a few days later washed ashore on a Maryland beach, a bag of personal belongings still on deck. Leonard paid for a 60-foot fishing vessel to drag her off the beach, helped by a channel dug by Park Rangers who had been guarding the boat. He continued to sail the boat until he sold her to a new owner in 2000.


title: The Perfect Storm (film)

text: "The Perfect Storm" was a box office success. On its opening weekend, it debuted with $41.3 million ahead of Sony's "The Patriot". The film also had the second-highest opening weekend for a George Clooney film, behind "Batman & Robin". It eventually brought in over $182.6 million in the United States, and $146.1 million around the world to a total of $328.7 million worldwide.


title: The Perfect Storm (film)

text: "The Perfect Storm" received mixed reviews from critics, with a 47% approval rating on critic site Rotten Tomatoes, based on 135 reviews, and an average rating of 5.59/10, with a consensus of, "While the special effects are well done and quite impressive, this film suffers a lack of any actual drama or characterization. The end result is a film that offers nifty eye-candy and nothing else." Metacritic assigned the film a weighted average score of 59 out of 100, based on 36 critics, indicating "mixed or average reviews".


title: The Perfect Storm (film)

text: The film was nominated for 2 Academy Awards, Best Sound (John T. Reitz, Gregg Rudloff, David E. Campbell and Keith A. Wester), and Best Visual Effects (Walt Conti, Stefen Fangmeier, John Frazier and Habib Zargarpour) but lost both to "Gladiator". However, it was also nominated for a Stinker Award for Most Intrusive Musical Score.


title: The Perfect Storm (film)

text: After the film was released, the families of two crew members sued the film makers for the fictionalization of events which happened prior to the loss of "Andrea Gail". In May 2002, the Florida Supreme Court ruled against the family of Captain Tyne by a 6–2 vote. Some unnamed families also sued the producers in federal district court, claiming that their names were used without their permission, and that facts were changed. The district court, which is also located in Florida, dismissed the case, as in their opinion the defendants' First Amendment right to freedom of speech barred the suit. The plaintiffs appealed to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the 11th Circuit, which could not decide how to interpret the Florida law at issue and certified the question to the Florida Supreme Court. In the end, the Florida Supreme Court upheld the district court's interpretation of Florida law, and thereupon the 11th Circuit affirmed the prior decision to dismiss the case.


title: Outlander (book series)

text: Outlander is a series of historical fantasy novels by American author Diana Gabaldon. Gabaldon began the first volume of the series, "Outlander", in the late 1980s, and it was published in 1991. She has published nine out of a planned ten volumes. The ninth novel in the series, "Go Tell the Bees That I Am Gone", was released on November 23, 2021.


title: Outlander (book series)

text: The "Outlander" series focuses on 20th-century British nurse Claire Randall, who time travels to 18th-century Scotland and finds adventure and romance with the dashing Highland warrior Jamie Fraser. The books have sold over 25 million copies worldwide as of August 2014.


title: Outlander (book series)

text: Among the many derived works are two short stories, three novellas, a novel series featuring recurring secondary character Lord John Grey, a , a musical, and a television series.


title: Outlander (book series)

text: The "Outlander" series has been released in unabridged (read by Davina Porter), and abridged audiobooks (read by Geraldine James). Several of the "Lord John" books have been released in audiobook form, read by Jeff Woodman.


title: Outlander (book series)

text: The "Lord John" series is a sequence of novels and shorter works that center on Lord John Grey, a recurring secondary character from the "Outlander" novels. The spin-off series consists of five novellas and three novels, which all take place between 1756 and 1761, during the events of Gabaldon's "Voyager". They can be generally categorized as historical mysteries, and the three novels are shorter and focus on fewer plot threads than the main "Outlander" books. Several of the "Lord John" books have been released in audiobook form, read by Jeff Woodman.


title: Outlander (book series)

text: Gabaldon was inspired by the "Doctor Who" character Jamie McCrimmon to set her series in Jacobite Scotland, and to name its protagonist Jamie.


title: Outlander (book series)

text: Frazer Hines, who played McCrimmon, appears in an episode of the first season of the television series "Outlander".


title: Outlander (book series)

text: In 2010, a 14-song cycle based on "Outlander" was released under the title "Outlander: The Musical". With music by Kevin Walsh and lyrics by Mike Gibb, the project was approved by Gabaldon after Gibb had approached the author in Scotland with the idea to adapt her novel into a stage production. As Gabaldon recalled, "I laughed and said, 'That’s the screwiest idea I’ve heard yet – go ahead.' So they did, and the results were stunning." Though the stage production remains in development, the 14-song cycle is available on CD from Amazon.com and for download on iTunes.


title: Outlander (book series)

text: In 2012, Broadway composer Jill Santoriello began collaborating with Gibb and Walsh on the project, writing the music and cowriting the lyrics with Gibb for a new song called "One More Time." The song was recorded with vocals by Rebecca Robbins.


title: Outlander (book series)

text: In June 2013, Starz ordered 16 episodes of a television adaptation, and production began in October 2013 in Scotland. The series premiered in the US on August 9, 2014 with Caitríona Balfe and Sam Heughan starring as Claire and Jamie. It was picked up for a second season on August 15, 2014, and for a third and fourth season on June 1, 2016. On May 9, 2018, Starz renewed the series for a fifth and sixth season. Further renewals for seventh and eighth seasons were announced in early 2021 and late 2022 respectively.


title: Outlander (book series)

text: In 2022 Starz is also pursuing 'Blood of My Blood', a spin-off prequel TV series based on Jamie's parents. As with the 'Outlander' series, author


title: Genndy Tartakovsky

text: Gennady Borisovich Tartakovsky (, born ), commonly known as Tartakovsky (), is a Russian-American animator, director, producer, screenwriter, voice actor, storyboard artist, comic book writer and artist. He is best known as the creator of various animated television series on Cartoon Network and Adult Swim, including "Dexter's Laboratory", "Samurai Jack", "", "Sym-Bionic Titan", and "Primal".


title: Genndy Tartakovsky

text: He co-created "Sym-Bionic Titan" and directed the first three films in the "Hotel Transylvania" series. Additionally, he was a pivotal crew member of "The Powerpuff Girls" and worked on other series such as "2 Stupid Dogs" and "". Tartakovsky is well known for his unique animation style, including fast-paced action and minimal dialogue.


title: Genndy Tartakovsky

text: Throughout his career, Tartakovsky has won five Emmy Awards (3 Primetime and 2 Creative Arts), three Annie Awards, one WAC Winner, one OIAF Award, one Winsor McCay Award, among other nominations for his works.


title: Genndy Tartakovsky

text: Gennady Borisovich Tartakovsky () was born on January 17, 1970, in Moscow, to Jewish parents. His father worked as a dentist for government officials and the Soviet Union national ice hockey team. Tartakovsky felt that his father was a very strict and old-fashioned man, but they had a close relationship. His mother, Miriam, was an assistant principal at a school. He has a brother, Alexander, who is two years older and a computer consultant in Chicago. Before coming to the United States, his family moved to Italy. There, Tartakovsky was first drawn to art, inspired by a neighbor's daughter. Tartakovsky later commented, "I remember, I was horrible at it. For the life of me, I couldn't draw a circle".


title: Genndy Tartakovsky

text: Tartakovsky's family moved to the United States when he was seven due to concerns about the effect of antisemitism on their children's lives. The family originally settled in Columbus, Ohio and later moved to Chicago. He was greatly influenced by the comics he found there; his first purchase was an issue of "Super Friends". Tartakovsky began attending Chicago's Eugene Field Elementary School in the third grade. School was difficult because he was seen as a foreigner. He went on to attend Chicago's prestigious Lane Tech College Prep High School and says he did not fit in until his sophomore year. When he was 16, his father died of a heart attack. Afterwards, Tartakovsky and his family moved to government-funded housing, and he began working while still attending high school.


title: Genndy Tartakovsky

text: To satisfy his ambitious family, which was encouraging him to be a businessman, Tartakovsky tried to take an advertising class, but signed up late and thereby had little choice over his classes. He was assigned to take an animation class and this led to his study of film at Columbia College Chicago before moving to Los Angeles to study animation at the California Institute of the Arts with his friend Rob Renzetti. There he met Craig McCracken. At CalArts, Tartakovsky directed and animated two student films, one of which became the basis for "Dexter's Laboratory". After two years at CalArts, Tartakovsky got a job at Lapiz Azul Productions in Spain on "". There, "he learned the trials of TV animation, labor intensive and cranking it out". While he was in Spain, his mother died of cancer.


title: Genndy Tartakovsky

text: Craig McCracken acquired an art director job at Hanna-Barbera for the show "2 Stupid Dogs" and recommended hiring Rob Renzetti and Tartakovsky as well. This was a major turning point in Tartakovsky's career. Hanna-Barbera let Tartakovsky, McCracken, Renzetti and Paul Rudish work in a trailer in the parking lot of the studio, and there Tartakovsky started creating his best-known works. "Dexter's Laboratory" grew out of a student film with the same title that he produced while at the California Institute of the Arts. Tartakovsky co-wrote and pencilled the 25th issue of the "Dexter's Laboratory" comic book series, titled "Stubble Trouble", as well as several stories which are collected in the "Dexter's Laboratory Classics" trade paperback. Additionally, he helped produce "The Powerpuff Girls", co-directed several episodes and served as the animation director and a cinematographer for "The Powerpuff Girls Movie"; he co-wrote one of the franchise's comics. Both "Dexter's Laboratory" and "The Powerpuff Girls" were nominated repeatedly for Emmy Awards.


title: Genndy Tartakovsky

text: Tartakovsky created the action-adventures series "Samurai Jack", which premiered in 2001; he also wrote comics for the franchise. The series won him an Emmy in the category of "Outstanding Animated Program (For Programming Less Than One Hour)" in 2004. "Star Wars" creator George Lucas hired Tartakovsky to direct (2003–2005), an animated series taking place between "" and "". The series won three Emmy awards: two for "Outstanding Animated Program (for Programming One Hour or More)" in 2004 and 2005, and another for "Outstanding Individual Achievement in Animation" (for background designer Justin Thompson in 2005). Tartakovsky was not involved in the .


title: Genndy Tartakovsky

text: In 2005, Tartakovsky was appointed creative president of Orphanage Animation Studios. In 2006, he was chosen as the director for a sequel to "The Dark Crystal", but was replaced and the film was later scrapped. Tartakovsky served as animation director on the pilot episode of "Korgoth of Barbaria", which aired on Adult Swim in 2006 but was not picked up as a series. He also directed a series of anti-smoking advertisements, one for Nicorette in 2006 and two for Niquitin in 2008. In 2009, Tartakovsky created a pilot entitled "Maruined" for Cartoon Network's "The Cartoonstitute" program, which was not picked up. He also once worked on the "Nicktoons Film Festival" for Nickelodeon as part of the Grand Jury with Patrick Warburton and Steve Oedekerk.


title: Genndy Tartakovsky

text: In 2009, it was announced that Tartakovsky would write and direct a "Samurai Jack" film from Fred Seibert's Frederator Studios and J. J. Abrams' Bad Robot Productions. In June 2012, Tartakovsky said that he had a story to conclude the series and title character's story, but the project had been shelved after Abrams moved on to direct "Star Trek". In 2010, Tartakovsky created storyboards for Jon Favreau's "Iron Man 2". He created a new series for Cartoon Network, "Sym-Bionic Titan", between 2010 and 2011. He had hoped to expand on the initial season, but it was not renewed. On 7 April 2011, an animated prologue by Tartakovsky for the horror film "Priest" premiered online.


title: Genndy Tartakovsky

text: In early 2011, Tartakovsky moved to Sony Pictures Animation, where he made his feature film directing debut with "Hotel Transylvania" (2012). In July 2012, he signed a long-term deal with Sony to develop and direct his own original projects. In June 2012, Sony announced that Tartakovsky was slated to direct a computer-animated "Popeye" feature. On 18 September 2014, Tartakovsky revealed an "animation test". In March 2015, Tartakovsky announced that despite the well-received test footage, he was no longer working on the project. He moved onto directing original story "Can You Imagine?", announced in 2014, but it was cancelled.


title: Genndy Tartakovsky

text: Tartakovsky directed "Hotel Transylvania 2", the sequel to "Hotel Transylvania", released in 2015. In December 2015, Adult Swim announced that Tartakovsky would return for a final season of "Samurai Jack", during which he stepped away from Sony Pictures Animation. When the series finished airing in 2017, Tartakovsky returned to Sony and directed "" (2018). After its financial success, two original projects were announced: an R-rated comedy called "Fixed" and an action-adventure film entitled "Black Knight".


title: Genndy Tartakovsky

text: In May 2019, it was announced that Adult Swim had commissioned a new series from Tartakovsky entitled "Primal", which is about "a caveman at the dawn of evolution ... [and a] dinosaur on the brink of extinction". It began airing on 7 October 2019.


title: Genndy Tartakovsky

text: On 11 May 2020, it was announced that Tartakovsky's "Popeye" project was being revived by King Features Syndicate, with T. J. Fixman writing the script. Tartakovsky later clarified that he was not working on it yet and funding was still needed, saying that if he had the time he would do it. In mid-2022, an animatic for the film was leaked online and subsequently taken down.


title: Genndy Tartakovsky

text: Tartakovsky was involved in the development of the video game "", which was released on 21 August 2020. On 28 October, a new series by him called "Unicorn: Warriors Eternal" was announced; it will focus on a group of teen heroes, drawing inspiration from world mythology, and is being billed as all-ages animation. It is being produced by Cartoon Network Studios to be aired on Cartoon Network and HBO Max as part of an attempt by WarnerMedia to reach a broader range of the "older kid and tween market." This was confirmed in a February 2021 announcement which mentioned the series. Tartakovsky described the project as an "extension of everything that I've done from "Dexter" to "Powerpuff" to "Samurai Jack". It's all those ideas that we practiced, that sometimes were successful, sometimes not as much".


title: Genndy Tartakovsky

text: On June 15, 2022, Tartakovsky inked a cross-studio overall deal with Cartoon Network Studios and Warner Bros. Animation that lets him develop, create, and produce animated programs for a variety of platforms, either with original characters or with a Warner Bros. Discovery IP. Sam Register, president of both companies said "Genndy is a true visionary who embodies the creator spirit of Cartoon Network Studios. As he continues to push the boundaries of storytelling and animation, we are excited to have a front row seat both here and now also at Warner Bros. Animation."


title: The Case Study of Vanitas

text: "The Case Study of Vanitas" is set in a fictional 19th-century Paris and contains vampire and steampunk thematics. The story focuses on the young Vanitas and the vampire Noé Archiviste in Vanitas's quest to heal cursed vampires through his grimoire called "The Book of Vanitas". Mochizuki was heavily inspired to write "Vanitas" following her first visit to France as well as by vampire films. She aims to surpass her previous work, "Pandora Hearts", by drawing more appealing fight scenes and focusing more on the themes involving hidden identities. An anime television series adaptation produced by Bones aired from July 2021 to April 2022.


title: The Case Study of Vanitas

text: The manga has been praised for the handling of its two main characters and the use of action sequences combined with effective comedy. The anime adaptation enjoyed a similar reception for its visuals and fantasy elements.


title: The Case Study of Vanitas

text: During an airship ride to Paris, the vampire Noé Archiviste meets Vanitas, a human claiming to be a vampire's doctor, curing them of the "malnomen", which cause vampires to behave predatorily against their will. The book with which he heals, "The Book of Vanitas", is connected to the original Vanitas, the Vampire of the Blue Moon, hated by the Vampires of the Red Moon who form the traditional vampire society. Noé and Vanitas join forces to heal vampires, but there lurks a threat of some unknown force named Charlatan, which may be responsible for corrupting the sick vampires.


title: The Case Study of Vanitas

text: For her next work after the manga "Pandora Hearts", Jun Mochizuki wanted to draw vampires in a high school setting. Vanitas was the first character she created during a trip to France. While sightseeing in Mont Saint-Michel, she mused on drawing the story of a single vampire who had watched over an island for about a hundred years. Everything else about "The Case Study of Vanitas" came from that one idea, and the general forms of Vanitas and Noé were then concluded. There were multiple things she thought about doing after "Pandora Hearts", like increasing the number of romance and battle elements. The head editor told her to cut down on them since she was not skilled at those. She started to draw more, believing they would be more appealing the more she practiced. The usage of a steampunk setting was done because the author has been a fan of it for a long time. Additionally, it was executed to contrast to her previous work.


title: The Case Study of Vanitas

text: One of her influences to draw a vampire story was the 1994 movie "Interview with the Vampire", which was based on the novel by Anne Rice. When she watched it, she was captivated by the tragic and fleeting existence of vampires, as well as the blood sucking scenes, so those ideas were planted firmly in the author's mind. Additionally, it had an effect on her fondness for stories with a dynamic between a young man and a girl, which influenced her handling of the protagonists. Paris was the first place she ever visited outside of Japan, which highly impressed her. She had been invited as a guest to Japan Expo, which influenced Noé's fondness for the city. This eventually led to her decision to set the manga in France. The Paladins of the Catholic Church draw their motif from the legend of Charlemagne. The characters from "Vanitas" are not actually the same people as those in the legend, but she likes to play around with the shared relationship dynamics and character traits. Mochizuki claims the genre of vampire stories has already been used several times, and she had to find something to differentiate herself from the many vampiric works that already exist. By studying the myth and the figure of vampires, she realized that these creatures have several weak points, and that it could be interesting to exploit that in order to give a new point of view.


title: The Case Study of Vanitas

text: Initially, Vanitas was the vampire, and Noé was the human. Drawing inspiration from Sherlock Holmes, Vanitas took the role of Holmes and Noé of Dr. Watson. But no matter what the author did with that concept her boss would call it generic. She agreed when providing consultation. She was eventually suggested to switch the protagonists' roles, which she found more striking. A different friend of her criticized her design for Vanitas, which is how he ended up developing the two-level side bangs. Noé's design completely changed from the first drafts to his final form. Originally he had glasses and was more of the straight man of the comedy duo. She was forced to abandon those and other ideas. Due to the lead's clashing natures, Mochizuki wrote them to avoid turning them into friends. She does not have any specific points of fixation when it comes to expressions, but she usually end up redrawing the expression several times when making a new panel. Whenever she draws a character's face, she ends up making the same expression on her own face. Rather than writing villains, Mochizuki aims to make all her characters relatable. She also aims to improve multiple of her flaws in regards to "Pandora Hearts", such as the inclusion of meaningless deaths.


title: The Case Study of Vanitas

text: For the anime adaptation of the series done by Bones, producer Naoki Amano was behind every aspect of the production process. In the script-writing stage, series composition writer Deko Akao split up the story. In the storyboard phase, which serves as the "blueprint" for the finished video, Itamura wanted to represent as many of the poses from the manga as possible. The purpose is to be as faithful as possible to the original manga. Nevertheless, the team often took liberties like in the first episode by portraying a fight scene using silhouettes. The director was careful to make the storyboards look appealing when making the fight scenes. When Vanitas uses his book, 3D animation is used by color artist Izumi Takizawa with vivid colors to be faithful to the source material.


title: The Case Study of Vanitas

text: Itamura said it was difficult to make a general distinction, but he thinks that "shojo manga-like" elements occupy a large part of the series. He aimed to make scenarios and characters to be stylistic beauty, as he feels that beautifulness is necessary. In order to animate it properly, research was done by the staff in a visit to Paris, where the series is set. He wanted to keep the darkness of a traditional vampire movie on the anime. In this era, people can see anything if they increase the sensitivity. He wanted the anime to have a horror feeling. Vanitas and Noé need to be kept away from each other. The director tries to be careful because there are places where the charm is lost if it is a familiar relationship.


title: The Case Study of Vanitas

text: The protagonists Vanitas and Noé are voiced by Natsuki Hanae and Kaito Ishikawa, respectively, and their performances were the subject of positive response. Both Hanae's play and Ishikawa's play are basically compliments in various places. Hanae makes full use of all the cool, uncool, and sexy parts to bring out the charm of Vanitas whereas Ishikawa is good at playing the reaction of natural's boke's, and it is very helpful to have the story according to the director. Hanae was cast as Vanitas for his vast experience as an actor and also because of the sex appeal he can bring even when reading simple lines like "It's a secret". Inori Minase, who plays Jeanne, said her character is quite rare for her, or that she has played a lot of protected characters, but not the defender role. Through interactions with the director, Minase was told she could properly expand Jeanne's characterization. The scenes where Noé takes Dominique's blood and Jeanne takes Vanitas' blood were done to emphasize a sex appeal even though the characters are clothed. The music was played in these scenes to convey an erotic feel.


title: The Case Study of Vanitas

text: Regarding the theme of existence and identity, it was not really in a voluntary and conscious way that she took it up, but later found more crucial in " Vanitas", than in "Pandora Hearts" and in "Crimson-Shell" use these elements. Afterwards, the author wishes to show little by little what is hidden deep in the hearts of her characters. When they explore more in this direction, she inevitably arrives at the question of identity and the meaning of existence. From the start, for the author, Vanitas had to be a character inspiring a feeling of freedom and eccentricity. He does just about anything that pops into his head. In addition, it allowed her to strike a balance with Noé, the other main character, who is more pure, kind, has a strong sense of justice and responsibility. Finally, both are complementary. Possessing a grimmore capable of saving cursed vampires, Jun Mochizuki has claimed Vanitas' duties is the main aspect of the manga as the manga author wants to portray the themes of identities which a person can lose and recover.


title: The Case Study of Vanitas

text: Then in terms of the idea of the real name of vampires, she think sin video games and anime and fantasy manga in Japan it is a concept that is used quite often, so it's not is not a "novelty" created by her. However, she chose to introduce it for specific reasons. Initially, the concept of Vanitas as a vampire savior was already established, but then she had to think about how to visually show him healing the vampires in the story. Making him perform pure medical procedures did not interest her, and she does not think her readers would have liked it very much. So she thought about something more conceptual, and that's where the idea of using this real name story came to her.


title: The Case Study of Vanitas

text: Comic Book Resources commented the portrayal of vampires in the series as two different ideas when it comes to bloodsucking. In regards to the vampire Jeanne, she often bites Vanitas early in the series as a comical charm, it instead involves how Vanitas is interested into cursed vampires and often deals with them to heal them. Though their interactions through their first date leads into consensual bite, the writer felt that Vanitas was actually trying to heal her if he managed to learned from her that she is also a victim of a curse.


title: The Case Study of Vanitas

text: Vanitas wears an earring that looks like a hourglass. Upon first seeing it, writer Deko Akao believed that such item appears to have a history, something which proved him right upon further seeing Vanitas' past in the manga. Anime News Network stated that such earrings reflected his mortality and short lifespan which also comes across as the message the author aims to give.


title: The Case Study of Vanitas

text: "The Case Study of Vanitas" is written and illustrated by Jun Mochizuki. The series began in Square Enix's "Monthly Gangan Joker" on December 22, 2015. In April 2020, Mochizuki announced that the manga would be on hiatus due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The manga resumed publication in November 2020. Square Enix has collected its chapters into individual "tankōbon" volumes. The first volume was released on April 22, 2016. As of May 20, 2022, ten volumes have been released.


title: The Case Study of Vanitas

text: On December 3, 2015, Yen Press announced on its official Twitter account that it would be publishing new chapters of the series concurrently with Japan. The manga is also licensed in Taiwan by Sharp Point Press, in Hong Kong by Sparkle Roll, in South Korea by Daewon C.I., in France by Ki-oon, in Germany by Carlsen Manga, in Italy by Star Comics, in Spain by Norma Editorial, in Russia by Istari Comics, in Thailand by Siam Inter Comics, in Vietnam by Kim Đồng Publishing House and in Poland by Waneko.


title: The Case Study of Vanitas

text: On March 28, 2021, it was announced at AnimeJapan that the series would be receiving an anime television series adaptation by Bones. It was directed by Tomoyuki Itamura, with scripts overseen by Deko Akao and character designs by Yoshiyuki Ito. Yuki Kajiura composed the series' music. The series is a split-cour anime, with the first half airing from July 3 to September 18, 2021, on Tokyo MX and other channels. The second half aired from January 15 to April 2, 2022. The first opening theme is "Sora to Utsuro" by Sasanomaly, while the first ending theme is "0 (zero)" by LMYK. The second opening theme is "Your Name" by Little Glee Monster, while the second ending theme is "salvation" by MONONKUL. Funimation licensed the series outside of Asia. On August 5, 2021, Funimation announced the series would receive an English dub, which premiered the following day. Plus Media Networks Asia has licensed the series in Southeast Asia and released it on Aniplus Asia and IQIYI.


title: The Case Study of Vanitas

text: Upon release, the Japanese volumes appeared in charts from Oricon. Critics enjoyed the handling of Vanitas and setting and praised the mix of action, humor and adventure, while at the same time praising his relationship with Noe. The Fandom Post acclaimed the first manga volume as it exceeded his expectations. Melina Dargis from Fandom Post also wanted the manga to be adapted into an anime in 2017. The focus on romance between arcs was praised for its handling of Vanitas as hilarious character considering how poorly he reacts to his feelings towards Jeanne. Manga News praised the handling of Vanitas through his tragic backstory but criticized Mochizuki's handling of narrations for being confusing to follow. In a following review, The Fandom Post enjoyed the mix of action and multiple events occurring in the manga's seventh volume and that while the art was not that detailed, the action scenes made up for it. El Palomitrón said while there is no boys' love between the two leads due to the focus on other, more explored relationships, the reviewer found the connection between Vanitas and Noé deep and comparable to the one between Vanitas and Jeanne.


title: The Case Study of Vanitas

text: The art was praised by "Otaku USA" for its handling of a steampunk setting as well as the characterization of the title character as both the reader and Noé are not sure whether or not the cocky user of the book is using his magical book for the good of other or is secretly a meanspirited man symbolized by the meaning of his name. Manga News enjoyed the multiple character designs, spanning from "bishonen" archetypes to built bodies who interact together. Although the manga is "shonen", the art was compared with "beautiful shojo-esque art style" by Comic Book Resources, making it equal to "Pandora Hearts". Fandom Post claimed the art was "stunning", praising the details of every page, including the fight sequences. Anime News Network felt that the artwork was inspired by folkore and found the artwork appealing, due to the multiple designs and setting but sometimes it was hard to follow. In a later review, The FandomPost commented that while the art was not that detailed, the action scenes made up for it.


title: The Case Study of Vanitas

text: The series was listed twice by Anime News Network as one of the best anime from 2021, while IGN featured it in their own list as well. The handling of vampirism between Jeanne and Vanitas as well as Dominique and Noé was listed by Caitlin Moore from Anime News Network as the best moment in anime from such year due to amount of sex appeal they portray directly. The Fandom Post agreed in regards to the sex appeal featured during the episode where Jeanne sucks Vanitas' blood, comparing it directly to sex, hinting it as an example to why their misrelationship could progress in following episodes of the series.


title: The Case Study of Vanitas

text: The Fandom Post found the early fight scenes of the series were the most appealing parts of the series based on how unpredictable Vanitas was, especially when dealing with Jeanne, but the series was less eventful in other areas where there was criticism over the handling of science fiction. Several reviewers focused on Vanitas' relationship with the vampire Jeanne. Vanitas forcing a kiss with her was criticized as being inappropriate as comedy. The massive violence displayed in the series' fifth episode resulted in Funimation warning sensitive viewers to avoid watching it. Bones' animation has been generally praised for making the settings and character details appealing alongside Yuki Kajiura's music. Natsuki Hanae's performance as Vanitas brought major praise from Anime Feminist for how he conveyed different sides of Vanitas' twisted personality to the point he comes across as "peak trash". The series was nominated for the Crunchyroll's 2021 awards in the category of "Best Fantasy". On a more critical side, The Fandom Post lost interest in the anime during the first cour's ending, finding Vanitas and Jeanne's comical date more enjoyable than the main plot which is later foreshadowed. The series' second half also earned a positive reception from Anime News Network writers due to the character arcs of the main cast as well as the production value, to the point that they considered it to be one of the best anime of the Winter 2022 season. The characters of Vanitas, Noé and, Jeanne were popular in Anitrendz, with Vanitas and Jeanne being nominated in the couple category.


title: Vikings (season 6)

text: The sixth and final season of the historical drama television series "Vikings" premiered on December 4, 2019, on History in Canada. The series broadly follows the exploits of the legendary Viking chieftain Ragnar Lothbrok and his crew, and later those of his sons.


title: Vikings (season 6)

text: The sixth season consists of a double-season order of twenty episodes, split into two parts of ten episodes; the second half was released in its entirety on December 30, 2020 on Amazon Prime Video in Ireland, the United States, the United Kingdom, Germany, and Austria, ahead of its broadcast on History in Canada from January 1 to March 3, 2021. The season focuses on King Bjorn's reign over Kattegat, Ivar's adventures in Rus' and Wessex, and Ubbe's expeditions to Iceland and North America (Greenland and Mi'kma'ki/Canada).


title: Vikings (season 6)

text: Norwegian actor and YouTuber Per Fredrik Åsly (better known as PelleK) appears in "All the Prisoners", "The Key" and "Resurrection" as an envoy from Ubbe's trade expedition. Polish singer Anna Maria Jopek appears in "Death and the Serpent", performing the song "Lagertha's Lament" alongside musician Maciej Rychly. She returns in "The Ice Maiden" to dub Georgia Hirst as Torvi when she sings at Lagertha's funeral.


title: Vikings (season 6)

text: An Irish-Canadian co-production presented by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, the sixth and final season of "Vikings" was developed and produced by TM Productions and Take 5 Productions. Morgan O'Sullivan, Sheila Hockin, Sherry Marsh, Alan Gasmer, James Flynn, John Weber, and Michael Hirst are credited as executive producers. This season was produced by Keith Thompson for the first eleven episodes, and Liz Gill for the remaining nine episodes. Bill Goddard and Séamus McInerney are co-producers.


title: Vikings (season 6)

text: The production team for this season includes casting directors Frank and Nuala Moiselle, costume designer Susan O'Connor Cave, visual effects supervisor Dominic Remane, stunt action designer Richard Ryan, composer Trevor Morris, production designer Mark Geraghty, editors Aaron Marshall for the first, fourth, eighth, tenth, twelfth, fifteenth, seventeenth and twentieth episodes, Tad Seaborn for the second, fifth, seventh, ninth, thirteenth, sixteenth and nineteenth episodes, and Dan Briceno for the third, sixth, eleventh, fourteenth and eighteenth episodes and cinematographers Peter Robertson for the first to third, seventh to thirteenth, and sixteenth to twentieth episodes, Owen McPolin for the fourth to sixth episodes, and PJ Dillon for the fourteenth and fifteenth episodes.


title: Vikings (season 6)

text: The eighth episode of the season, "Valhalla Can Wait", was directed by actress Katheryn Winnick, who portrays Lagertha in the series.


title: Vikings (season 6)

text: According to the series's creator and writer Michael Hirst, the idea to explore Oleg the Prophet came to him due to the influence Vikings played in Russian history: "I didn't know that Russia is called Russia because it was founded by the Rus Vikings. I learned so much myself and I always do learn when we go different places and explore new cultures and forgotten languages. [...] I was reading books about the Silk Road and about the Rus Vikings and then I read about Prince Oleg, the prophet. He was this extraordinary ruler of Russia and it all kind of fit into place. It seemed the most obvious. It’s also one of the most exciting things to do because we'd been traveling west so much and it seemed logical to go east again. It was an idea that slowly fermented in my mind."


title: Vikings (season 6)

text: In September 2017, it was announced that Russian actor Danila Kozlovsky would join the cast for the sixth season as Oleg of Novgorod, the 10th century Varangian ruler of the Kyivan Rus.


title: Vikings (season 6)

text: This season is set in areas corresponding to modern Ukraine and Norway, but filming locations included Vik, Norway, standing in for the home of the Rus' Vikings of Kiev, and County Wicklow, Ireland. Some scenes were also shot outside Dublin, at the River Boyne (County Meath), Blessington lakes and Powerscourt Waterfall, Powerscourt Estate (County Wicklow) and at Nuns Beach at Ballybunion (County Kerry) standing in for the Icelandic coast. Scenes that take place in Kattegat were shot in Lough Tay (County Wicklow). Ashford Studios (County Wicklow) were again used as the base for production, where those scenes requiring the use of green screens for CGI were shot.


title: Vikings (season 6)

text: The musical score for the sixth and final season was composed by Trevor Morris. Einar Selvik did not return to collaborate with Morris on new original music for the final season. The opening sequence is again accompanied by the song "If I Had a Heart" by Fever Ray, with the final ten episodes featuring a remix of the song by Tim Hecker in place of the original.


title: Vikings (season 6)

text: The soundtrack album was released on December 6, 2019 by Sony Classical Records. Two original songs not included in the album are "Lament for Lagertha" and "Lagertha's Funeral Music", both written by Maciej Rychly & Alicja Bral and performed by Anna Maria Jopek and the Goat Theater Performers, featured in "Death and the Serpent" and "The Ice Maiden", respectively. The Skaldic version of "Snake Pit Poetry", an original song by Einar Selvik which was first included in "All His Angels", is featured in "The Best Laid Plans".


title: Vikings (season 6)

text: Additional non-original music by Norwegian music group Wardruna is featured in the episodes "Ghosts, Gods and Running Dogs", "The Key", "The Ice Maiden" and "The Last Act". The featured tracks are "Tyr", "Helvegen", "Isa" and "Vindavla".


title: Vikings (season 6)

text: Music by Danish folk project Danheim is also featured in this season's soundtrack in the episodes "Resurrection", "The Best Laid Plans", "The Signal" and "The Raft of Medusa". The featured tracks are "Vanheimr", "Tyrfing", "Floki's Last Journey", "Gripir", "Munarvagr" and "Hefja Blót".


title: Vikings (season 6)

text: Additional music by folk band Heilung is featured in the episode "The Best Laid Plans". The featured tracks are "Fylgija Ear", "Hamrer Hippyer" and "Alfadhirhaiti". "Fra Stjerner till Jorda" by Norwegian artist Runahild is also featured in "The Best Laid Plans". "Hlidskjalf" by Osi and the Jupiter is featured in "The Raft of the Medusa". The pieces "Babel" and "Grigori" from the album "The Word as Power" by Lustmord appear in "The Best Laid Plans" and "All at Sea".


title: Vikings (season 6)

text: The review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes reported a perfect 100% approval rating, with an average rating of 7.8/10 based on 12 reviews.


title: Vikings (season 6)

text: The depiction of Kievan Rus during Prince Oleg's rule (879–912) has been noted as substantially inaccurate by fans and the media. Most notably, in the series Christianity is introduced in Kievan Rus too early, as are Mongol clothing and armor and hot air balloons.


title: Zakk Wylde

text: Zachary Phillip Wylde (born Jeffrey Phillip Wielandt; January 14, 1967) is an American musician. He is best known as the lead guitarist for Ozzy Osbourne and as the founder, lead guitarist, lead singer, songwriter and producer of the heavy metal band Black Label Society. His signature bulls-eye design appears on many of his guitars and is widely recognized. He was also the lead guitarist and vocalist of Pride & Glory, who released one self-titled album in 1994 before disbanding. As a solo artist, he released the albums "Book of Shadows" and "Book of Shadows II". Wylde joined the reunited Pantera in 2022 as a fill-in for original guitarist Dimebag Darrell, who was murdered on stage in 2004.


title: Zakk Wylde

text: Zachary Phillip Wylde was born Jeffrey Phillip Wielandt in Bayonne, New Jersey, on January 14, 1967. He is of Irish descent. He started playing guitar at the age of eight, but did not become serious about it until his early teenage years. At the age of 14, he worked at Silverton Music in Silverton, New Jersey. He grew up in Jackson, New Jersey, where he attended Jackson Memorial High School, graduating in 1985. He has stated that he often played the guitar almost non-stop between coming home from school and leaving for school the next morning, then would be completely exhausted during school the next day.


title: Zakk Wylde

text: Wylde played locally with his first band Stone Henge, then later with local New Jersey band Zyris. Later, he auditioned for lead guitarist and co-writer for Ozzy Osbourne. Wylde was hired to replace Jake E. Lee, who replaced Brad Gillis, who had himself replaced the deceased Randy Rhoads. Rhoads remains Wylde's foremost guitar-playing and stagecraft influence.


title: Zakk Wylde

text: Wylde gravitated toward a particular Les Paul guitar, which has become known as "The Grail"; his bullseye-painted 1981 Gibson Les Paul Custom. Wylde lost the guitar in 2000 after it fell from the back of a truck transporting equipment as he was travelling between gigs in Texas. Rewards were offered to anyone that had information about the guitar. Wylde and The Grail were reunited three years later when a fan bought it at a Dallas pawn shop and saw the initials "Z.W." carved into the humbucker pickups backs. He contacted Wylde's former webmaster Randy Canis to arrange its return to Wylde. Grateful, Wylde gave the fan his signature model in exchange.


title: Zakk Wylde

text: In 1995, Wylde auditioned for Guns N' Roses. Wylde was replaced in Osbourne's band by Joe Holmes from 1995 until his return in 2001. In January 2006, Wylde was recognized at the Hollywood Rock Walk of Fame, featuring his handprints and signature, in recognition of his successful career as a musician and his contribution to the music industry. The event was open to the public and many rock celebrities were present, including Ozzy Osbourne.


title: Zakk Wylde

text: For a time in the mid-2000s he contributed a monthly column entitled "Brew-tality" for "Guitar World" magazine, discussing his techniques and equipment, as well as transcribing riffs and solo sections. After auditions in 2004/05, Ozzy Osbourne announced Wylde as the official guitarist for his album "Black Rain", which was released in 2007. On stage with Osbourne, Wylde has been credited for lending a high level of energy and passion to performances.


title: Zakk Wylde

text: Black Label Society headlined the second stage at the 2006 Ozzfest, with Wylde playing double duty with Ozzy Osbourne on certain dates. He also joined Osbourne for the Ozzy and Friends Tour in replacement of the Black Sabbath tour scheduled for the summer of 2012, playing a range of European dates including Graspop Metal Meeting in Belgium.


title: Zakk Wylde

text: Since 2014, Wylde has led a Black Sabbath cover band called Zakk Sabbath, handling guitar and vocal duties, joined by Rob "Blasko" Nicholson on bass and Joey Castillo (Danzig, Queens of the Stone Age) on drums, who replaced original drummer John Tempesta. JP Gaster (Clutch) occupied the drummer's seat in between, in September 2017. The band tours intermittently, and released a single, three-track vinyl-only live 12", in 2016.


title: Zakk Wylde

text: Wylde, Steve Vai, Nuno Bettencourt, Yngwie Malmsteen, and Tosin Abasi were featured on the Generation Axe tour in 2016, 2017, and 2018.


title: Zakk Wylde

text: Wylde joined Ozzy Osbourne's band for a select number of dates during Osbourne's 2017 summer tour, and then performed as part of the "No More Tours II" tour.


title: Zakk Wylde

text: On July 14, 2022, it was announced that Wylde had joined the reunited Pantera as a fill-in for original guitarist, and his close friend, Dimebag Darrell.


title: Zakk Wylde

text: Wylde and his wife, Barbaranne, have four children: Hayley Rae, Hendrix, Sabbath Page, and Jesse. Ozzy Osbourne is Jesse's godfather. Wylde is a Roman Catholic who has described himself as a "Soldier of Christ".


title: Zakk Wylde

text: Wylde was a close friend of fellow guitarist "Dimebag" Darrell Abbott and dedicated the song "In This River" to Abbott after he was murdered on stage in 2004.


title: Zakk Wylde

text: In August 2009, Wylde was hospitalized due to blood clots and was subsequently forced to cancel his tour with Mudvayne and Static-X. After his hospitalization, he stopped drinking alcohol.


title: Zakk Wylde

text: As of 2011, Wylde has partnered with Blair's Sauces and Snacks to produce "Berserker" hot sauce and several variations. He also promotes Death Wish Coffee via his Instagram page, as they have used his name in marketing their line, "Odinforce Blend".


title: Zakk Wylde

text: Wylde is known for his use of Gibson Les Paul Custom model guitars, equipped with EMG -81 and -85 active pickups, with his signature black-and-white "bulls-eye" graphic on them, a design he used to differentiate himself visually from Randy Rhoads – who was also frequently identified by his cream-colored Les Paul Custom, the guitar Wylde has used since he was 12 years old. The "bulls-eye" paint job was originally supposed to look like the spiral from the Alfred Hitchcock movie "Vertigo", but when it came back incorrect from the paint shop, he liked the result and decided to keep it. One of Wylde's favorite stage guitars is a GMW RR-V, a model that is famously known as the "Polka-dot V" Created originally by luthier Karl Sandoval of California, used by Randy Rhoads, often mistaken as a custom Flying V.


title: Zakk Wylde

text: Wylde's signature Les Pauls include a red flame-maple bulls-eye model, a black and antique-white bulls-eye model, an orange "buzz-saw" model, the pattern on which was inspired by a design on a Zippo lighter, and a "camo" bulls-eye model with mother of pearl neck inlays and a green camouflage paint scheme. His original bulls-eye Les Paul was purchased from one of the owners of Metaltronix Amplification. Metaltronix was building a one-off live rig for Wylde that was designed around one of the owner's guitars, a creamy white Les Paul Custom with EMG pickups, which would later become known as "The Grail". Wylde has a custom Dean Splittail with a mud splatter bulls-eye graphic, as well as a signature Splittail shaped Gibson model called the "ZV". Another Dean in his collection is a Dime series Razorback with custom Bulls-eye graphics ordered for him specially by Dimebag Darrell shortly before his murder in 2004; since receiving the guitar, he has only ever used it on stage to play the song "In This River", Zakk's personal tribute to Dimebag.


title: Zakk Wylde

text: In practice, Wylde uses Marshall MG Series practice combos ranging in wattage levels from 10-30W during tour/private use especially in hotels and buses. He has also been known to use Marshall Valvestate combo amplifiers. Wylde has an extensive relationship with Marshall Amplification due to his love for their amplifiers, both solid state and tube-driven. Live, Wylde exclusively uses Marshall JCM 800's with twin 4 X 12 Cabinets loaded with EVM12L 300W Black Label Speakers. His usual signal path consists of his guitar > (on stage pedal board) Dunlop Wylde Wah > Dunlop Wylde Rotovibe > MXR ZW Phase 90 > MXR Wylde Overdrive > MXR Carbon Copy Delay > (to a back stage pedal board) > MXR EVH Flanger > MXR Black Label Chorus > split signals, one to each distorted amp into the High Gain input.


title: Zakk Wylde

text: At the 2015 NAMM Show, Wylde announced his new company called Wylde Audio and provided a preview of his new line of custom guitars and amplifiers. Currently he now is seen playing Wylde Audio equipment almost exclusively.


title: Jack Osbourne

text: Jack Joseph Osbourne (born 8 November 1985) is an English media personality with dual American and British citizenship. The son of heavy metal singer Ozzy Osbourne, he starred on MTV's reality series "The Osbournes" (2002–2005), along with his father, mother Sharon, and sister Kelly. Osbourne has since pursued a career as a fitness and travel reporter, presenting shows such as "" (2005–2009) and BBC's "Saving Planet Earth" (2007). In 2016, he and his father Ozzy travelled the world in the History Channel reality series "Ozzy & Jack's World Detour."


title: Jack Osbourne

text: Osbourne was born in London to heavy metal singer Ozzy Osbourne of Black Sabbath, and his wife and manager, Sharon (née Levy). Jack Osbourne has stated that his childhood was "perfectly happy and contented". For the first six years of his life, Jack lived in the Chiltern Hills in Buckinghamshire, then his parents moved the family to Los Angeles, America, but a year later the family returned to Buckinghamshire. When Osbourne was 11, the family moved back again to Southern California, this time to Beverly Hills. In spite of moving so many times at a young age, Osbourne did not find it disruptive.


title: Jack Osbourne

text: One aspect of his life that constant moving did affect was his school life, and Osbourne soon despised going to school, which was not helped by the fact that he was diagnosed with a form of dyslexia at the age of eight, and ADHD at the age of 10. At the time, he was studying at a Christian school in Los Angeles. He returned to England for a year before returning to Los Angeles, where he was enrolled into the special needs Park Century School. At 14 he was offered an internship at Virgin Records, where his mother was managing the band The Smashing Pumpkins. After Sharon stopped managing that band, Osbourne started A&R scouting for Epic Records, where his father had been on for many years. Osbourne also helped his mother in managing his father's annual touring festival, Ozzfest, advising her about up-and-coming bands.


title: Jack Osbourne

text: On his 13th birthday, Osbourne got drunk for the first time on whisky; by the time he was 14, he was drinking regularly and had started smoking marijuana. He started partying heavily, and made headlines on 21 April 2003 when he was admitted to a child psychiatric ward for an addiction to OxyContin. Osbourne's drug addiction escalated after his mother was diagnosed with cancer; he was as well battling with his own depression. His self-destructive behaviour came to a head when he attempted suicide by taking a cocktail of prescription pills and cutting his hands with shards of glass after hearing his girlfriend's ex-boyfriend pick up her phone when he called her. He woke up 12 hours later. Osbourne continued with his drug use until he realised that he "never wants to feel this way ever again" and admitted himself into an adolescent psychiatric ward. He spent 10 days detoxing and was moved to an adolescent rehabilitation center in Malibu, where he enrolled in a recovery program.


title: Jack Osbourne

text: Osbourne gained high visibility in 2002 after appearing in his family's reality television show "The Osbournes", which aired on MTV and won an Emmy Award in 2002. In the show, Osbourne was mostly shown as a rebellious teenager who liked to party and to fight with sister Kelly Osbourne. In a song by Tenacious D advertising "The Osbournes", Jack Black sings the line "and he's got a big 'fro on his head" to describe Osbourne's curly hair that grew longer until he eventually shaved it off in the third season of the show. In 2002, Osbourne briefly appeared in "" along with the rest of his family, and subsequently starred in a Super Bowl XXXVI advertisement for Pepsi Twist with sister Kelly. From 2002 to 2003, Osbourne appeared in Season 6 of "Dawson's Creek", playing Audrey's childhood friend. He also made cameos in "The X Factor" (as a "Goth rapper" who sings "Ice Ice Baby"), the fifth season of "That '70s Show" as a DMV customer and as a dining room guest in the eighth season of "Hell's Kitchen". Post-rehab, Osbourne went on in 2003 to star in his own show on Channel 4, "Union Jack". In 2004 he played a small role in "New York Minute", a film starring the Olsen twins, in which he plays a music promoter named Justin.


title: Jack Osbourne

text: In 2005, Osbourne started to show more of an interest in fitness through co-hosting the ITV2 show, "Celebrity Wrestling: Bring It On!". In February that year, he appeared in "Extreme Celebrity Detox" in which he took part in t'ai chi and climbing exercises, which possibly inspired him to appear in his own programme, "" produced by the same production company (Ginger Productions) as "Extreme Celebrity Detox". Osbourne lost (50Lb) 23 kg in Thailand at a Muay Thai martial arts camp in Pattaya in order to be fit enough to climb El Capitan (which he achieved) whilst filming the first series of "". It aired on ITV2 in the UK, the Travel Channel in the United States, The LifeStyle Channel in Australia, GOtv in South Africa and on MuchMusic in Canada. "" focuses on Osbourne's training for sports like rock climbing, mountaineering and a jungle trek in Belize from the Chiquibul Chamber through dense jungle ending at Caracol ruins (guided by the UK extreme conservation organisation "Trekforce"). He showcased the effects of his weight loss with the two semi-naked photo shoots for Cosmopolitan magazine in 2005 to raise awareness of testicular cancer. The first, taken in June 2005, shows him sitting on a motorbike; the second appeared in the December 2005 issue. After the first series of "" he began filling in for Stephen Mulhern on CITV's Saturday morning kids' show "Holly & Stephen's Saturday Showdown" (the show has now ended). Osbourne took part in Sport Relief and faced former singer in the band S Club 7, Bradley McIntosh, in a boxing match of three one-minute rounds to raise money for the charity. Osbourne won by a unanimous decision.


title: Jack Osbourne

text: He once claimed to be considering a career in law enforcement and was on reality television show "Armed & Famous". The show was pulled from CBS in January 2007, and Osbourne was sued by a woman from Muncie, Indiana, whose house was accidentally raided during filming. Osbourne also filmed a programme in Namibia for the BBC's "Saving Planet Earth" series. He also took part in the Mongol Rally with News Corporation director Andrew Knight's daughter, Amaryllis Knight. Osbourne and his family reunited with a reality TV show on Fox that debuted 31 March 2009 but was cancelled after the first episode.


title: Jack Osbourne

text: Osbourne made and produced a documentary about his father that was originally to be titled to "Wreckage of My Past: The Ozzy Osbourne Story", but was changed to "God Bless Ozzy Osbourne". This film premiered in April 2011 at the Tribeca Film Festival and was released on DVD in November 2011. In early August 2010, Osbourne directed his first music video, for his dad's song "Life Won't Wait" from the album "Scream". The video debuted on 23 August. Osbourne worked for Fuse News from February 2013 to early 2014. Osbourne also had a paranormal investigation show titled "Haunted Highway" that aired on Syfy for two six-episode seasons, during the summers of 2012 and 2013.


title: Jack Osbourne

text: Between 2016 and 2018, Osbourne appeared with his father Ozzy in the U.S. worldwide buddy travelogue series "Ozzy & Jack's World Detour" on the History Channel. He currently has two paranormal television shows featured on the Travel Channel, which are Portals To Hell and The Osbourne's Want To Believe with both of his parents Ozzy and Sharon.


title: Jack Osbourne

text: Osbourne and his girlfriend, actress Lisa Stelly, had their first child, a daughter, on 24 April 2012. Osbourne and Stelly were married in Hawaii on 7 October 2012. In August 2013, Osbourne and his wife announced they were expecting their second child, but on 6 September 2013, Osbourne's wife Lisa revealed she suffered a miscarriage in her second trimester; they had been expecting a son. Their next child, a daughter, was born on 13 June 2015. Their third child, a daughter, was born on 4 February 2018. The couple announced their separation on 18 May 2018. Their divorce was finalised on 5 March 2019.


title: Jack Osbourne

text: Osbourne became engaged to fashion designer Aree Gearhart in December 2021. They welcomed their first child together, a daughter, on 9th July 2022.


title: Jack Osbourne

text: In June 2012, Osbourne announced that he had been diagnosed with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. He had experienced symptoms for a number of years including blindness in one eye; numbness in both legs; and problems with his bladder, bowel, and stomach. Osbourne injects Copaxone medication daily, uses vitamin supplements and hormone replacement therapy, and has travelled to Europe for stem cell therapy. He has also made lifestyle changes such as minimizing stress, exercising regularly, and significantly altering his diet. However, he has spoken of his fear of a rapid decline and has admitted that his doctors have urged him to stop participating in highly intensive physical workouts: "Right now am I going to be in a wheelchair? No. But if I don't take care of myself, who knows?" While appearing on "Dancing with the Stars" in October 2013, Osbourne said that he did not suffer from "any severe symptoms other than the odd bit of tingling down my leg and the occasional bout of fatigue."


title: East Coast of the United States

text: The East Coast of the United States, also known as the Eastern Seaboard, the Atlantic Coast, and the Atlantic Seaboard, is the coastline along which the Eastern United States meets the North Atlantic Ocean. The eastern seaboard contains the coastal states and areas east of the Appalachian Mountains that have shoreline on the Atlantic Ocean, namely, Maine, New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut, New York, New Jersey, Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, and Florida.


title: East Coast of the United States

text: The place name East Coast derives from the idea that the contiguous 48 states are defined by two major coastlines, one at the western edge and one on the eastern edge. Other terms for referring to this area include the Eastern Seaboard ("seaboard" being another term for coastline), "Atlantic Coast", and "Atlantic Seaboard" (because the coastline lies along the Atlantic Ocean).


title: East Coast of the United States

text: The 14 states that have a shoreline on the Atlantic Ocean are, from north to south, Maine, New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut, New York, New Jersey, Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, and Florida. In addition, Pennsylvania and the District of Columbia border tidal arms of the Atlantic (the Delaware River and the Potomac River, respectively). The states of Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, and Texas (via the Gulf of Mexico), as well as the territories of Puerto Rico, the U.S. Virgin Islands and Navassa Island (the latter only bordering the Caribbean Sea) have Atlantic coastline, but are not included in the definition.


title: East Coast of the United States

text: Although Pennsylvania, Vermont, and West Virginia have no Atlantic coastline, they are grouped with the Eastern Seaboard states because of their locations in the Mid-Atlantic, New England, and the Old South, and their history as part of the land base of the original Thirteen Colonies ("viz." the Colony of New Hampshire, the Colony of New York, and the Colony of Virginia). The Eastern Panhandle of West Virginia is drained by the Potomac River into Chesapeake Bay.


title: East Coast of the United States

text: Two additional U.S. states on the East Coast were not among the original Thirteen Colonies: Maine (became part of the English colony of Massachusetts in 1677) and Florida (part of New Spain until 1821, though held by the British from after the end of the French and Indian War until 1781). Florida's written history begins with the arrival of Europeans; the Spanish explorer Juan Ponce de León in 1513 made the first textual records. The state received its name from this Spanish conquistador, who called the peninsula La Pascua Florida in recognition of the verdant landscape and because it was the Easter season, which the Spaniards called Pascua Florida (Festival of Flowers).


title: East Coast of the United States

text: The Middle Colonies (New Jersey, Pennsylvania, New York, and Delaware) had been owned by the Dutch as New Netherland, until they were ceded to the English in the mid- to late 17th century.


title: East Coast of the United States

text: Three basic climate regions occur on the East Coast according to the Köppen climate classification and four occur according to the Trewartha climate classification from north to south based on the monthly mean temperature of the coldest month (January) and the number of months averaging above 50°F (10°C), respectively:


title: East Coast of the United States

text: The region from northern Maine and Upstate New York south to most of Connecticut, most of northern New Jersey, and western Maryland has a humid continental climate ("Dfa/Dfb/Dc"), with warm-to-hot summers, cold and snowy winters with at least one month averaging below freezing, and four to seven months with mean temperatures warmer than 50°F


title: East Coast of the United States

text: The area from Martha's Vineyard, extreme SW Rhode Island, and areas of coastal Connecticut SW to southern Delaware and western North Carolina has a warm temperate climate ("Cfa" Köppen/"Do" Trewartha) with long and hot summers with at least one month over 22°C (71.6°F,) cool winters with all months over freezing, and six to seven months above 50°F.


title: East Coast of the United States

text: The area from the southern Delmarva Peninsula, SE Virginia, and central NC south to central Florida is subtropical ("Cfa/Cf"), with hot and rainy summers, mild and drier winters, and eight to twelve months above 50°F. Around south-central Florida southward (from the line from Stuart to Fort Myers south through the Florida Keys) exists a tropical climate ("Af/Aw/Ar") that is frost-free, is warm to hot all year, and has all months averaging above 18°C (64.4°F). This is the only tropical climate in the continental U.S.


title: East Coast of the United States

text: The least common climate on the East Coast is the oceanic ("Cfb"/"Do"), which is only found on Block Island and Nantucket and in areas of the southern Appalachian Mountains. This zone has all monthly averages between 0 and 22°C and six to seven months above 50°F.


title: East Coast of the United States

text: Seasonally, average monthly precipitation ranges from a slight late fall (November) maximum from Massachusetts northward (as at Portland, Maine), to a slight summer maximum in the Mid-Atlantic states from southern Connecticut south to Virginia (as at Wilmington, Delaware and Norfolk, Virginia), to a more pronounced summer maximum from Cape Hatteras, North Carolina, southward along the Southeastern United States coast to Savannah, Georgia. The Florida peninsula has a sharp wet-summer/dry-winter pattern, with 60 to 70% of precipitation falling between June and October in an average year and a dry, and sunny late fall, winter, and early spring.


title: East Coast of the United States

text: Although landfalls are rare, the Eastern Seaboard is susceptible to hurricanes in the Atlantic hurricane season, officially running from June 1 to November 30, although hurricanes can occur before or after these dates. Hurricanes Hazel, Hugo, Bob, Isabel, Irene, and Sandy, and most recently Florence, Isaias, Henri, and Ida are some of the more significant storms to have affected the region.


title: East Coast of the United States

text: The East Coast (except for eastern Maine) is a low-relief, passive margin coast. It has been shaped by the Pleistocene glaciation in the far northern areas in New England, with offshore islands such as Nantucket, Martha's Vineyard, Block Island, and Fishers Island. From around northern New Jersey southward, the coastal plain broadens southwards, separated from the Piedmont region by the Atlantic Seaboard fall line of the East Coast rivers, often marking the head of navigation and prominent sites of cities. The coastal areas from Long Island south to Florida are often made up of barrier islands that front the coastal areas, with the long stretches of sandy beaches. Many of the larger capes along the lower East Coast are in fact barrier islands, like the Outer Banks of North Carolina and Cape Canaveral, Florida. The Florida Keys are made up of limestone coral and provide the only coral reefs on the US mainland.


title: East Coast of the United States

text: In 2010, the population of the states that have shoreline on the East Coast was estimated at 112,642,503 (36% of the country's total population). New York City is both the largest city and the largest metropolitan area on the East Coast. The East Coast is the most populated coastal area in the United States.


title: East Coast of the United States

text: The primary Interstate Highway along the East Coast is Interstate 95, completed in 2018, which replaced the historic U.S. Route 1 (Atlantic Highway), the original federal highway that traversed all East Coast states, except Delaware. By water, the East Coast is connected from Boston, Massachusetts to Miami, Florida, by the Intracoastal Waterway, also known as the East Coast Canal, which was completed in 1912. Amtrak's "Downeaster" and "Northeast Regional" offer the main passenger rail service on the Seaboard. The "Acela Express" offers the only high-speed rail passenger service in the Americas. Between New York and Boston the "Acela Express" has up to a 54% share of the combined train and air passenger market.


title: East Coast of the United States

text: Some of the largest airports in the United States are located along the East Coast of the United States, such as John F. Kennedy International Airport in New York, Logan International Airport in Boston, Newark Liberty Airport in Newark, New Jersey, Philadelphia International Airport in Philadelphia, Baltimore–Washington International Airport near Baltimore, Washington-Dulles International Airport near Washington, D.C., Hartsfield–Jackson International Airport in Atlanta, Miami International Airport in Miami, Charlotte Douglas International Airport in Charlotte, Tampa International Airport in Tampa and Orlando International Airport in Orlando, Florida.


title: East Coast of the United States

text: As the first spot in the United States that immigrants arrived and the close proximity of Europe, the Caribbean and Latin America, the East Coast is home to a diverse population and home to multi-cultures when compared to the rest of the US. From the strong Latin culture in southern Florida and New York City, to the 200-year-old Gullah culture of the low country coastal islands of Georgia and South Carolina, to the many historic cities in the Middle Atlantic where a strong English, German, Italian, Irish, and French culture are present, the East Coast is significantly more diverse than the rest of the United States. Numerous Chinatowns in New York City, and Little Havana in Miami, are examples of such cultural centers in the bigger cities.


title: East Coast of the United States

text: The East Coast is home to much of the political and financial power of the United States, as well as the center for resort and travel destinations in the United States. New York City is the largest city and financial center of the world. Seventy-one of the world's Fortune 500 companies have their corporate headquarters in New York City, while Midtown Manhattan with 400 million square feet of office space in 2018, is the largest central business district in the world. Washington, D.C. is the capital and political nerve center of the United States. Many organizations such as defense contractors, civilian contractors, nonprofit organizations, lobbying firms, trade unions, industry trade groups and professional associations have their headquarters in or near Washington, D.C., in order to be close to the federal government.


title: East Coast of the United States

text: Miami and Florida are two of the top domestic and international travel destinations in the United States. Miami is the warmest major city in the United States in winter, this factor contributes to it being a major tourism hub for international visitors. Miami has one of the largest concentrations of international banks in the United States, and the third tallest skyline in the U.S. with over 300 high-rises, 55 of which exceed 490 ft (149 m). The port of Miami is the busiest cruise port in the world in both passenger traffic and cruise lines, with over 5.5 million cruise passengers passing through the port each year. The center for tropical plant culture and research in the United States is based in Miami at Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden, while the state of Florida is the number two producer of oranges in the world behind Brazil.


title: Sophia Lillis

text: Sophia Lillis (born February 13, 2002) is an American actress. She is known for her role as Beverly Marsh in the horror films "It" (2017) and "It: Chapter Two" (2019) and for her starring role as a teenager with telekinetic abilities in the Netflix drama series "I Am Not Okay with This" (2020). Lillis has also appeared in the HBO psychological thriller miniseries "Sharp Objects" (2018), in which she portrayed the younger version of Amy Adams' character in flashbacks.


title: Sophia Lillis

text: Lillis made her film debut starring in the 2016 film "37". Previously, she had a minor role in Julie Taymor's stage production of William Shakespeare's "A Midsummer Night's Dream", which was also filmed for live showings.


title: Sophia Lillis

text: In 2017, she rose to prominence after co-starring as one of the lead characters, Beverly Marsh, in the horror film "It", an adaptation of Stephen King's novel of the same name. Directed by Andy Muschietti, "It" also starred Jaeden Martell, Finn Wolfhard, Wyatt Oleff, Bill Skarsgård, Jack Dylan Grazer, Jeremy Ray Taylor, and Chosen Jacobs. Later that year, she played one of Kristen Bell and Dax Shepard's children in Sia's music video "Santa's Coming for Us".


title: Sophia Lillis

text: In 2018, Lillis appeared in the HBO television miniseries "Sharp Objects", in which she played the younger version of Camille Preaker, played by Amy Adams as an adult. In 2019, Lillis starred as teenage sleuth Nancy Drew in the Warner Bros. film adaptation of "Nancy Drew and The Hidden Staircase". While the film received mixed to positive reviews, Lillis' performance was singled out for praise. Later in 2019, she reprised her role as Beverly Marsh in "It: Chapter Two".


title: Sophia Lillis

text: In 2020, Lillis portrayed Gretel in "Gretel & Hansel", a re-imagining of the German fairy tale "Hansel and Gretel". The film grossed $22 million worldwide against a budget of $5 million and received generally positive reviews from critics, who mostly praised the film for its acting and cinematography. The following month, Lillis played the lead role in the Netflix original series "I Am Not Okay with This". Later that same year, she appeared with Paul Bettany in "Uncle Frank", an independent film by "True Blood" and "Six Feet Under" creator Alan Ball, which premiered on Amazon Prime in November 2020.


title: Sophia Lillis

text: Lillis is set to star alongside Naomi Watts in Claire McCarthy's "The Burning Season". She will also appear in "Before I Sleep". In March 2021, it was announced that Lillis would be appearing in "". Lillis is part of an ensemble cast featuring actors Scarlett Johansson, Jeff Goldblum, and Tom Hanks, that will appear in the Wes Anderson film "Asteroid City".


title: Sophia Lillis

text: In October 2022, Lillis performed in Heroes of the Fourth Turning at Studio Theatre in Washington, DC.


title: Triceratops

text: Triceratops ( ; ) is a genus of herbivorous chasmosaurine ceratopsid dinosaur that first appeared during the late Maastrichtian stage of the Late Cretaceous period, about 68 million years ago in what is now North America. It is one of the last-known non-avian dinosaur genera, and became extinct in the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event 66 million years ago. The name "Triceratops", which literally means 'three-horned face', is derived from the Greek words () meaning 'three', () meaning 'horn', and () meaning 'face'.


title: Triceratops

text: Bearing a large bony frill, three horns on the skull, and a large four-legged body, exhibiting convergent evolution with rhinoceroses and bovines, "Triceratops" is one of the most recognizable of all dinosaurs and the most well-known ceratopsid. It was also one of the largest, up to long and in body mass. It shared the landscape with and was most likely preyed upon by "Tyrannosaurus", though it is less certain that two adults did battle in the fanciful manner often depicted in museum displays and popular images. The functions of the frills and three distinctive facial horns on its head have long inspired debate. Traditionally, these have been viewed as defensive weapons against predators. More recent interpretations find it probable that these features were primarily used in species identification, courtship, and dominance display, much like the antlers and horns of modern ungulates.


title: Triceratops

text: "Triceratops" was traditionally placed within the "short-frilled" ceratopsids, but modern cladistic studies show it to be a member of the Chasmosaurinae which usually have long frills. Two species, T. horridus and T. prorsus, are considered valid today, from the seventeen species that have ever been named. Research published in 2010 concluded that the contemporaneous "Torosaurus", a ceratopsid long regarded as a separate genus, represents "Triceratops" in its mature form. This view has been disputed; further data is needed to settle the debate.


title: Triceratops

text: "Triceratops" has been documented by numerous remains collected since the genus was first described in 1889 by American paleontologist Othniel Charles Marsh. Specimens representing life stages from hatchling to adult have been found. As the archetypal ceratopsid, "Triceratops" is one of the most popular dinosaurs, and has been featured in film, postal stamps, and many other types of media.


title: Triceratops

text: The first named fossil specimen now attributed to "Triceratops" is a pair of brow horns attached to a skull roof, found by George Lyman Cannon near Denver, Colorado, in the spring of 1887. This specimen was sent to Marsh, who believed that the formation from which it came dated from the Pliocene, and that the bones belonged to a particularly large and unusual bison, which he named "Bison alticornis". He realized that there were horned dinosaurs by the next year, which saw his publication of the genus "Ceratops" from fragmentary remains, but he still believed "B. alticornis" to be a Pliocene mammal. It took a third and much more complete skull to change his mind.


title: Triceratops

text: Although not confidentially assignable, fossils possibly belonging to "Triceratops" were described as two taxa, "Agathaumas sylvestris" and "Polyonax mortuarius" in 1872 and 1874 respectively, by Marsh’s rival Edward Drinker Cope. "Agathaumas" was named based on a pelvis, several vertebrae, and some ribs collected by Fielding Bradford Meek and Henry Martyn Bannister near the Green River of southeastern Wyoming from layers coming from the Maastrichtian Lance Formation. Due to the fragmentary nature of the remains, it can only confidently be assigned to Ceratopsidae. "Polyonax mortuarius" was collected by Cope himself in 1873 from northeastern Colorado, possibly coming from the Maastrichtian Denver Formation. The fossils only consisted of fragmentary horn cores, 3 dorsal vertebrae, and fragmentary limb elements. "Polyonax" has the same issue as "Agathaumas", with the fragmentary remains non-assignable beyond Ceratopsidae.


title: Triceratops

text: The "Triceratops" holotype (YPM 1820) was collected in 1888 from the Lance Formation of Wyoming, USA, by fossil hunter John Bell Hatcher, yet Marsh initially described this specimen as another species of "Ceratops". Cowboy Edmund B. Wilson had been startled by the sight of a monstrous skull poking out of the side of a ravine. He tried to recover it by throwing a lasso around one of the horns. When it broke off, the skull tumbling to the bottom of the cleft, Wilson brought the horn to his boss, the rancher and avid fossil collector Charles Arthur Guernsey, who happened to show it to Hatcher. Marsh subsequently ordered Hatcher to locate and salvage the skull. The holotype was first named "Ceratops horridus". When further preparation uncovered the third nose horn, Marsh changed his mind and gave the piece the generic name "Triceratops" (), accepting his "Bison alticornis" as another species of "Ceratops". (It would later be added to "Triceratops".) The sturdy nature of the animal's skull has ensured that many examples have been preserved as fossils, allowing variations between species and individuals to be studied. "Triceratops" remains have subsequently been found in the American states of Montana and South Dakota (and more in Colorado and Wyoming), as well as the Canadian provinces of Saskatchewan and Alberta.


title: Triceratops

text: After "Triceratops" was described, between 1889 and 1891 Hatcher with great effort collected another thirty-one of its skulls. The first species had been named "T. horridus" by Marsh. Its specific name was derived from the Latin ('rough, rugose'), perhaps referring to the type specimen's rough texture, later identified as an aged individual. The additional skulls varied to a lesser or greater degree from the original holotype. This variation is unsurprising, given that "Triceratops" skulls are large three-dimensional objects, coming from individuals of different ages and both sexes, and which were subjected to different amounts and directions of pressure during fossilization.


title: Triceratops

text: In the first attempt to understand the many species, Richard Swann Lull found two groups, although he did not say how he distinguished them: One composed of "T. horridus", "T. prorsus", and "T. brevicornus" ('the short-horned'); the other of "T. elatus" and "T. calicornis". Two species ("T. serratus" and "T. flabellatus") stood apart from these groups. By 1933 and his revision of the landmark 1907 Hatcher–Marsh–Lull monograph of all known ceratopsians, he retained his two groups and two unaffiliated species, with a third lineage of "T. obtusus" and "T. hatcheri" ('Hatcher's') that was characterized by a very small nasal horn. "T. horridus–T. prorsus–T. brevicornus" was now thought to be the most conservative lineage, with an increase in skull size and a decrease in nasal horn size, and "T. elatus–T. calicornis" was defined by large brow horns and small nasal horn. C. M. Sternberg made one modification, adding "T. eurycephalus" ('the wide-headed') and suggesting that it linked the second and third lineages closer together than they were to the "T. horridus" lineage.


title: Triceratops

text: With time, the idea that the differing skulls might be representative of individual variation within one (or two) species gained popularity. In 1986, John Ostrom and Peter Wellnhofer published a paper in which they proposed that there was only one species, "Triceratops horridus". Part of their rationale was that generally there are only one or two species of any large animal in a region. To their findings, Thomas Lehman added the old Lull–Sternberg lineages combined with maturity and sexual dimorphism, suggesting that the "T. horridus–T. prorsus–T. brevicornus" lineage was composed of females, the "T. calicornis–T. elatus" lineage was made up of males, and the "T. obtusus–T. hatcheri" lineage was of pathologic old males.


title: Triceratops

text: These findings were contested a few years later by Catherine Forster, who reanalyzed "Triceratops" material more comprehensively and concluded that the remains fell into two species, "T. horridus" and "T. prorsus", although the distinctive skull of "T." (""Nedoceratops"") "hatcheri" differed enough to warrant a separate genus. She found that "T. horridus" and several other species belonged together, and "T. prorsus" and "T. brevicornus" stood alone. Since there were many more specimens in the first group, she suggested that this meant the two groups were two species. It is still possible to interpret the differences as representing a single species with sexual dimorphism.


title: Triceratops

text: In 2009, John Scannella and Denver Fowler supported the separation of "T. prorsus" and "T. horridus" and noted that the two species are also separated stratigraphically within the Hell Creek Formation, indicating that they did not live together at the same time.


title: Triceratops

text: Some of the following species are synonyms, as indicated in parentheses ("="T. horridus"" or "="T. prorsus""). All the others are each considered a () because they are based on remains too poor or incomplete to be distinguished from pre-existing "Triceratops" species.


title: Triceratops

text: "Triceratops" was a very large animal, reaching in length and in body mass. A specimen of "T. horridus" named Kelsey measured long with a skull, stood about tall, and was estimated by the Black Hills Institute to weigh approximately .


title: Triceratops

text: Like all chasmosaurines, "Triceratops" had a large skull relative to its body size, among the largest of all land animals. The largest-known skull (specimen MWC 7584, formerly BYU 12183) is estimated to have been in length when complete, and could reach almost a third of the length of the entire animal.