title: Names of God in Judaism

text: Rabbinical Judaism teaches that the name is forbidden to all except the High Priest, who should only speak it in the Holy of Holies of the Temple in Jerusalem on Yom Kippur. He then pronounces the name "just as it is written." As each blessing was made, the people in the courtyard were to prostrate themselves completely as they heard it spoken aloud. As the Temple has not been rebuilt since its destruction in 70, most modern Jews never pronounce YHWH but instead read Adonai ("My Lord") during prayer and while reading the Torah and as HaShem ("The Name") at other times. Similarly, the Vulgate used ("The Lord") and most English translations of the Bible write "the " for YHWH and "the God", "the Lord " or "the Sovereign " for Adonai YHWH instead of transcribing the name. The Septuagint may have originally used the Hebrew letters themselves amid its Greek text, but there is no scholarly consensus on this point. All surviving Christian-era manuscripts use (, "Lord") or very occasionally (, "God") to translate the many thousand occurrences of the Name. However, given the great preponderance of the anarthrous solution for translating YHWH in the Septuagint and some disambiguation efforts by Christian-era copyists involving Kyrios (see especially scribal activity in Acts), should probably not be considered historically as a serious early contender substitute for the divine Name.


title: Names of God in Judaism

text: Adonai ( "ʾăḏōnāy",  "My Lords," a plural noun) is the possessive form of ("Lord"), along with the first-person singular pronoun enclitic. As with Elohim, Adonai's grammatical form is usually explained as a plural of majesty. In the Hebrew Bible, it is nearly always used to refer to God (approximately 450 occurrences). As pronunciation of the Tetragrammaton came to be avoided in the Hellenistic period, Jews may have begun to drop the Tetragrammaton when presented alongside Adonai and subsequently expand it to cover for the Tetragrammaton in the forms of spoken prayer and written scripture. Owing to the expansion of (the idea of "building a fence around the Torah"), the word "Adonai" itself has come to be too holy to say for Orthodox Jews outside of prayer, leading to its replacement by HaShem ("The Name").


title: Names of God in Judaism

text: The singular forms and ("my lord") are used in the Hebrew Bible as royal titles, as in the First Book of Samuel, and for distinguished persons. The Phoenicians used it as a title of Tammuz, the origin of the Greek Adonis. It is also used very occasionally in Hebrew texts to refer to God (e.g. Psalm 136:3.)


title: Names of God in Judaism

text: Deuteronomy 10:17 has the proper name alongside the superlative constructions "God of gods" (, literally, "the gods of gods") and "Lord of lords" (, "the lords of lords": ; KJV: "For the your God is God of gods, and Lord of lords").


title: Names of God in Judaism

text: The final syllable of Adonai uses the vowel , rather than which would be expected from the Hebrew for "my lord(s)". Professor Yoel Elitzur explains this as a normal transformation when a Hebrew word becomes a name, giving as other examples Nathan, Yitzchak, and Yigal.


title: Names of God in Judaism

text: As Adonai became the most common reverent substitute for the Tetragrammaton, it too became considered un-erasable due to its holiness. As such, most prayer books avoid spelling out the word Adonai, and instead write two () in its place.


title: Names of God in Judaism

text: El appears in Ugaritic, Phoenician and other 2nd and 1st millennium BCE texts both as generic "god" and as the head of the divine pantheon. In the Hebrew Bible, El (, ) appears very occasionally alone (e.g. Genesis 33:20, , "Mighty God of Israel", and Genesis 46:3, , "El the God of thy father"), but usually with some epithet or attribute attached (e.g. , "Most High El", , "El of ", "Everlasting El", , "Living El", "El my Shepherd", and "El of Strength"), in which cases it can be understood as the generic "god". In theophoric names such as Gabriel ("Strength of God"), Michael ("Who is like God?"), Raphael ("God's medicine"), Ariel ("God's lion"), Daniel ("God's Judgment"), Israel ("one who has struggled with God"), Immanuel ("God is with us"), and Ishmael ("God hears"/"God listens") it is usually interpreted and translated as "God", but it is not clear whether these "el"s refer to the deity in general or to the god El in particular.


title: Names of God in Judaism

text: A common name of God in the Hebrew Bible is Elohim (, ), the plural of (). When Elohim refers to God in the Hebrew Bible, singular verbs are used. The word is identical to "elohim" meaning gods or magistrates, and is cognate to the found in Ugaritic, where it is used for the pantheon of Canaanite gods, the children of El and conventionally vocalized as "Elohim" although the original Ugaritic vowels are unknown. When the Hebrew Bible uses not in reference to God, it is plural (for example, Exodus 20:2). There are a few other such uses in Hebrew, for example "Behemoth". In Modern Hebrew, the singular word ("owner") looks plural, but likewise takes a singular verb.


title: Names of God in Judaism

text: A number of scholars have traced the etymology to the Semitic root "*yl", "to be first, powerful", despite some difficulties with this view. "Elohim" is thus the plural construct "powers". Hebrew grammar allows for this form to mean "He is the Power (singular) over powers (plural)", just as the word means "owner" (see above). "He is lord (singular) even over any of those things that he owns that are lordly (plural)."


title: Names of God in Judaism

text: Theologians who dispute this claim cite the hypothesis that plurals of majesty came about in more modern times. Richard Toporoski, a classics scholar, asserts that plurals of majesty first appeared in the reign of Diocletian (CE 284–305). Indeed, Gesenius states in his book "Hebrew Grammar" the following:


title: Names of God in Judaism

text: The Jewish grammarians call such plurals ... "plur. virium" or "virtutum"; later grammarians call them "plur. excellentiae", "magnitudinis", or "plur. maiestaticus".


title: Names of God in Judaism

text: This last name may have been suggested by the "we" used by kings when speaking of themselves (compare 1 Maccabees 10:19 and 11:31); and the plural used by God in Genesis 1:26 and 11:7; Isaiah 6:8 has been incorrectly explained in this way. It is, however, either "communicative" (including the attendant angels: so at all events in Isaiah 6:8 and Genesis 3:22), or according to others, an indication of "the fullness of power and might" implied. It is best explained as a plural of "self-deliberation". The use of the plural as a form of respectful address is quite foreign to Hebrew.


title: Names of God in Judaism

text: Mark S. Smith has cited the use of plural as possible evidence to suggest an evolution in the formation of early Jewish conceptions of monotheism, wherein references to "the gods" (plural) in earlier accounts of verbal tradition became either interpreted as multiple aspects of a single monotheistic God at the time of writing, or subsumed under a form of monolatry, wherein the god(s) of a certain city would be accepted after the fact as a reference to the God of Israel and the plural deliberately dropped.


title: Names of God in Judaism

text: The plural form ending in can also be understood as denoting abstraction, as in the Hebrew words ("life") or ("virginity"). If understood this way, means "divinity" or "deity". The word is similarly syntactically singular when used as a name but syntactically plural otherwise.


title: Names of God in Judaism

text: In many of the passages in which occurs in the Bible, it refers to non-Israelite deities, or in some instances to powerful men or judges, and even angels (Exodus 21:6, Psalms 8:5) as a simple plural in those instances.


title: Names of God in Judaism

text: El Shaddai (, , ) is one of the names of God in Judaism, with its etymology coming from the influence of the Ugaritic religion on modern Judaism. El Shaddai is conventionally translated as "God Almighty". While the translation of "El" as "god" in Ugaritic/Canaanite languages is straightforward, the literal meaning of "Shaddai" is the subject of debate.


title: Names of God in Judaism

text: Tzevaot, Tsebaoth or Sabaoth (, , ,  "Armies"), usually translated "Hosts", appears in reference to armies or armed hosts of men but is not used as a divine epithet in the Torah, Joshua, or Judges. Starting in the Books of Samuel, the term "Lord of Hosts" appears hundreds of times throughout the Prophetic books, in Psalms, and in Chronicles.


title: Names of God in Judaism

text: The Hebrew word was also absorbed in Ancient Greek (, ) and Latin (, with no declension). Tertullian and other patristics used it with the meaning of "Army of angels of God".


title: Names of God in Judaism

text: () is the first of three responses given to Moses when he asks for God's name in the Book of Exodus. The King James Version of the Bible translates the Hebrew as "I Am that I Am" and uses it as a proper name for God.


title: Names of God in Judaism

text: The word is the first-person singular imperfect form of , "to be". Biblical Hebrew does not distinguish between grammatical tenses. It has instead an aspectual system in which the imperfect denotes any actions that are not yet completed, Accordingly, can be rendered in English not only as "I am that I am" but also as "I will be what I will be" or "I will be who I will be", or "I shall prove to be whatsoever I shall prove to be" or even "I will be because I will be". Other renderings include: Leeser, "I Will Be that I Will Be"; Rotherham, "I Will Become whatsoever I please", Greek, (), "I am The Being" in the Septuagint, and Philo, and Revelation or, "I am The Existing One"; Latin, , "I am Who I am."


title: Names of God in Judaism

text: The word is a relative pronoun whose meaning depends on the immediate context, so that "that", "who", "which", or "where" are all possible translations of that word.


title: Names of God in Judaism

text: Baal (), properly Baʿal, meant "owner" and, by extension, "lord", "master", and "husband" in Hebrew and the other Northwest Semitic languages. In some early contexts and theophoric names, it and Baali (; "My Lord") were treated as synonyms of Adon and Adonai. After the time of Solomon and particularly after Jezebel's attempt to promote the worship of the Lord of Tyre Melqart, however, the name became particularly associated with the Canaanite storm god Baʿal Haddu and was gradually avoided as a title for Yahweh. Several names that included it were rewritten as ("shame"). The prophet Hosea in particular reproached the Israelites for continuing to use the term:


title: Names of God in Judaism

text: Elah (; ; pl. "Elim or Elohim") is the Aramaic word for God and the absolute singular form of , . The origin of the word is from Proto-Semitic "ʔil" and is thus cognate to the Hebrew, Arabic, Akkadian, and other Semitic languages' words for god. Elah is found in the Tanakh in the books of Ezra, Jeremiah (Jeremiah 10:11, the only verse in the entire book written in Aramaic), and Daniel. Elah is used to describe both pagan gods and the Abrahamic God.


title: Names of God in Judaism

text: The word 'Elah () is also an Arabic word meaning god. The word is etymologically related to Allah which is a contraction of or (), literally meaning "the God", and is used for the Abrahamic God by Arabic-speaking Jews, Christians, Muslims, and sometimes other monotheistic religions.


title: Names of God in Judaism

text: In the Book of Genesis, Hagar uses this name for the God who spoke to her through his angel. In Hebrew, her phrase "El Roi", literally, "God of Seeing Me", is translated in the King James Version as "Thou God seest me."


title: Names of God in Judaism

text: The name Elyon () occurs in combination with El, YHWH, Elohim and alone. It appears chiefly in poetic and later Biblical passages. The modern Hebrew adjective means "supreme" (as in "Supreme Court") or "Most High". has been traditionally translated into English as 'God Most High'. The Phoenicians used what appears to be a similar name for God, one that the Greeks wrote as . It is cognate to the Arabic .


title: Names of God in Judaism

text: "The Eternal One" or "The Eternal" is increasingly used, particularly in Reform and Reconstructionist communities seeking to use gender-neutral language. In the Torah, ("the Everlasting God") is used at Genesis 21:33 to refer to God.


title: Names of God in Judaism

text: It is common Jewish practice to restrict the use of the names of God to a liturgical context. In casual conversation some Jews, even when not speaking Hebrew, will call God HaShem (), which is Hebrew for "the Name" (cf. Leviticus 24:11 and Deuteronomy 28:58). When written, it is often abbreviated to . Likewise, when quoting from the Tanakh or prayers, some pious Jews will replace 'Adonai' with 'HaShem'. For example, when making audio recordings of prayer services, 'HaShem' will generally be substituted for 'Adonai'.


title: Names of God in Judaism

text: A popular expression containing this phrase is , meaning "Thank God" (literally, "Blessed be the Name").


title: Names of God in Judaism

text: Samaritans use the Aramaic equivalent "Shema" (שמא, "the name") in much the same situations as Jews use HaShem.


title: Names of God in Judaism

text: Talmudic authors, ruling on the basis of Gideon's name for an altar ("YHVH-Shalom", according to Judges 6:24), write that "the name of God is 'Peace'" (, Shab. 10b); consequently, a Talmudic opinion (, 10b) asserts that one would greet another with the word in order for the word not to be forgotten in the exile. But one is not permitted to greet another with the word in unholy places such as a bathroom, because of the holiness of the name.


title: Names of God in Judaism

text: () is the presence or manifestation of God which has descended to "dwell" among humanity. The term never appears in the Hebrew Bible; later rabbis used the word when speaking of God dwelling either in the Tabernacle or amongst the people of Israel. The root of the word means "dwelling". Of the principal names of God, it is the only one that is of the feminine gender in Hebrew grammar. Some believe that this was the name of a female counterpart of God, but this is unlikely as the name is always mentioned in conjunction with an article (e.g.: "the Shekhina descended and dwelt among them" or "He removed Himself and His Shekhina from their midst"). This kind of usage does not occur in Semitic languages in conjunction with proper names. The term, however, may not be a name, as it may merely describe the presence of God, and not God Himself


title: Names of God in Judaism

text: The Arabic form of the word () is also mentioned in the Quran. This mention is in the middle of the narrative of the choice of Saul to be king and is mentioned as descending with the Ark of the Covenant, here the word is used to mean "security" and is derived from the root sa-ka-na which means dwell:


title: Names of God in Judaism

text: And (further) their Prophet said to them: "A Sign of his authority is that there shall come to you the Ark of the Covenant, with (an assurance) therein of security from your Lord, and the relics left by the family of Moses and the family of Aaron, carried by angels. In this is a Symbol for you if ye indeed have faith."


title: Names of God in Judaism

text: In Jewish tradition the sacredness of the divine name or titles must be recognized by the professional "sofer" (scribe) who writes Torah scrolls, or tefillin and mezuzah. Before transcribing any of the divine titles or name, they prepare mentally to sanctify them. Once they begin a name, they do not stop until it is finished, and they must not be interrupted while writing it, even to greet a king. If an error is made in writing it may not be erased, but a line must be drawn round it to show that it is canceled, and the whole page must be put in a "genizah" (burial place for scripture) and a new page begun.


title: Names of God in Judaism

text: One of the most important names is that of the Ein Sof ( "Endless"), which first came into use after 1300 CE.


title: Names of God in Judaism

text: Another name is derived from the names . By spelling these four names out with the names of the Hebrew letters ( and ) this new forty-five letter long name is produced. Spelling the letters in (YHWH) by itself gives . Each letter in Hebrew is given a value, according to gematria, and the value of is also 45.


title: Names of God in Judaism

text: The seventy-two-fold name is derived from three verses in Exodus 14:19–21. Each of the verses contains 72 letters. When the verses are read boustrophedonically 72 names, three letter each, are produced (the niqqud of the source verses is disregarded in respect to pronunciation). Some regard this name as the Shemhamphorasch. The Proto-Kabbalistic book "Sefer Yetzirah" describe how the creation of the world was achieved by manipulation of these 216 sacred letters that form the names of God.


title: Names of God in Judaism

text: From this it is understood by the rabbis that one should not erase or blot out the name of God. The general halachic opinion is that this only applies to the sacred Hebrew names of God, not to other euphemistic references; there is a dispute as to whether the word "God" in English or other languages may be erased or whether Jewish law and/or Jewish custom forbids doing so, directly or as a precautionary "fence" about the law.


title: Names of God in Judaism

text: The words "God" and "Lord" are written by some Jews as "G-d" and "L-rd" as a way of avoiding writing any name of God in full out. The hyphenated version of the English name ("G-d") can be destroyed, so by writing that form, religious Jews prevent documents in their possession with the unhyphenated form from being destroyed later. Alternatively, a euphemistic English reference such as "Hashem" (literally, "the Name") may be substituted, or an abbreviation thereof, such as "BH" ("B'ezrat Hashem" "by the blessing of the Name").


title: Diego Forlán

text: Diego Forlán Corazzo (born 19 May 1979) is a Uruguayan professional football manager and former player who played as a forward. Regarded as one of the best forwards of his generation, Forlán is a two-time winner of both the Pichichi Trophy and the European Golden Shoe at club level. With the Uruguay national team, he had huge individual success at the 2010 World Cup, finishing as joint top scorer with five goals, including the goal of the tournament, and winning the Golden Ball as the tournament's best player.


title: Diego Forlán

text: Forlán began his career in his native Uruguay as a youth player with Peñarol and Danubio, before joining Argentine club Independiente. After rising through their youth team and after a successful four-year spell, he sealed a move to England with Manchester United in 2002. His form for United was not as successful as at Independiente, although he won the Premier League in 2002–03 and the FA Cup in 2003–04. In the summer of 2004, he moved on to Spanish side Villarreal. In his first season in Spanish football, he scored 25 league goals and won the Pichichi Trophy. After two more successful seasons with Villarreal, Forlán joined Atlético Madrid, where he once again became the league's top scorer, and became the first player to win the Pichichi Trophy twice since Ronaldo in 1996–97 and 2003–04. Forlán scored in Atlético's 2010 Europa League final victory against Fulham. In 2011, he joined Inter Milan of Italy before moving to Internacional in 2012. After spells in Japan with Cerezo Osaka, back in Uruguay with his boyhood club Peñarol, in India with Mumbai City and in Hong Kong with Kitchee, Forlán retired from professional football in August 2019.


title: Diego Forlán

text: Forlán also had a successful international career, scoring 36 times for his country between his debut in 2002 and his retirement in 2015, including six goals at FIFA World Cups. On 12 July 2011, at the 2011 Copa América in Argentina, which Uruguay won, Forlán earned his 79th international cap in a match against Mexico, breaking the record held since 1986 by goalkeeper Rodolfo Rodríguez. On 20 June 2013, in a match against Nigeria at the 2013 Confederations Cup, Forlán became the first Uruguayan to win 100 caps. Forlán was Uruguay's all-time leading top scorer from 2011 until Luis Suárez overtook him two years later.


title: Diego Forlán

text: Forlán was born and brought up in the Montevideo barrio of Carrasco. His family — which included three brothers, a sister, four cousins, his maternal grandmother and her sister — resided in an apartment building on Potosi street, a short distance from the casino and the rambla. He is the son of former player and Uruguayan international Pablo Forlán.


title: Diego Forlán

text: Forlán attended multiple schools in the private and state sector. He started at Liceo Francés Jules Supervielle in Buceo, but later switched to Erwy School because it was closer to his home. This was followed by Scuola Italiana di Montevideo and then Liceo 15 in Carrasco. He learned English at school from a young age. As a child, Forlán played tennis at Carrasco Lawn Tennis Club in addition to football, which often took place on the streets.


title: Diego Forlán

text: On 14 September 1991, Forlán's sister Alejandra was seriously injured and eventually left handicapped by a car accident that also killed her boyfriend. The cost of the medical bills plunged his family into financial crisis, though this was later averted due to the fundraising efforts of Diego Maradona. Until this point Forlán was also dedicated to tennis, but having been inspired by Maradona's generosity, began to focus more on football in the hope that he might contribute to paying for his sister's treatment himself.


title: Diego Forlán

text: Forlán was a boyhood fan of Peñarol and played youth football for both Peñarol and Danubio F.C. In 1995, a 16 year old Forlán moved to France, where he spent four months on trial at AS Nancy, but was ultimately not offered a contract by manager László Bölöni.


title: Diego Forlán

text: Forlán received an offer to join Argentine side Independiente through the help of one of his father's contacts, José Omar Pastoriza. He soon accepted, rejecting a simultaneous offer from Boca Juniors. Arriving in Argentina on 28 January 1998, Forlán made his way up the Independiente reserve teams and thanks to strong performances, started training with the first team. Injuries to several forward players who were ahead of him in the pecking order created an opportunity for the young Uruguayan, who made his professional debut on 26 October 1998 in a match against Argentinos Juniors.


title: Diego Forlán

text: Forlán scored 37 goals in 80 league games. His goalscoring attracted the attention of European sides, and in January 2002, Independiente agreed a £6.9 million deal with Middlesbrough of the Premier League; the transfer fee would be paid over 18 installments. Forlán travelled to England expecting to negotiate with Middlesbrough, but at the last minute Manchester United gazumped the Teesside club, offering Independiente the same fee in a single payment, as well as a more lucrative salary for Forlán. On arriving in England, he negotiated with United officials for four hours, then informed the press of his decision. "Manchester United is a big club, so I've decided to go there," he explained. "The thing is, they offered more money than Middlesbrough." He signed for United soon after.


title: Diego Forlán

text: Forlán was signed for Manchester United by Sir Alex Ferguson for £6.9 million on 22 January 2002. He made his debut on 29 January as a 76th-minute substitute for Ole Gunnar Solskjær in a 4–0 away win at Bolton Wanderers. He made his first start in 4–0 home victory over Tottenham Hotspur on 6 March. Forlán made 13 Premier League and five UEFA Champions League appearances in the 2001–02 season but did not score.<ref name="2001/02"></ref>


title: Diego Forlán

text: On 18 September 2002, Forlán came on as a 56th-minute substitute for Ryan Giggs in a Champions League match versus Maccabi Haifa. He scored his first United goal as an 89th-minute penalty kick in the 5–2 win. His first Premier League goal was a 77th-minute equaliser in a home 1–1 draw against Aston Villa on 26 October. In Forlán's next Premier League game, at home to Southampton on 2 November, he came on as a 79th-minute substitute for United's goalscorer Phil Neville with the score at 1–1, and scored the winner with a dipping shot over Southampton goalkeeper Antti Niemi in the 85th minute. The goal also became notable due to his goal celebration where he ripped off his jersey, but then struggled to put it back on as the game recommenced, with Forlan making a blocked tackle while shirtless.


title: Diego Forlán

text: On 1 December, Forlan scored his first brace for Manchester United with goals in the 64th and 67th minute of an away 2–1 Premier League win at rivals Liverpool. On 17 December 2002, Forlán scored the winning goal as United defeated Chelsea in the quarter-finals of the Football League Cup. On 18 January 2003, Forlán scored a 90th-minute winning goal to again defeat Chelsea, this time in a Premier League match. Manchester United went on to win the Premier League title in 2002–03, and Forlán scored six goals to make him the club's third best-scoring striker that season after Ruud van Nistelrooy and Ole Gunnar Solskjær.


title: Diego Forlán

text: At the start of the 2003–04 season, Forlán played seven Premier League games without scoring. This run was broken on 25 October, when he equalised the score to 1–1 in the 45th minute of a home match versus Fulham, a game which United lost 3–1. Forlán then scored a goal in his three subsequent matches in three different competitions, starting with an extra-time goal in an away League Cup game at Leeds United which Manchester United won 3–2. This was followed by the opener in a 3–0 home Premier League victory over Portsmouth and a sixth-minute goal in a win by the same score over Rangers in the Champions League. In his next Champions League game, he scored the 85th-minute winner for United over Panathinaikos in a 1–0 away victory. On 6 December 2003, Forlán scored two injury-time goals as Manchester United beat Aston Villa 4–0 at home in the Premier League. These were Forlán's last Premier League goals despite him playing 10 more league games over the season. His only other Manchester United goal was in a 3–0 victory over Northampton Town of Division Three on 24 January 2004 in the FA Cup. Diego Forlán did not feature at all in United's 3–0 victory over Millwall in the 2004 FA Cup Final on 22 May 2004.


title: Diego Forlán

text: He started the 2004–05 season with Manchester United and played in a Champions League qualifier against Dinamo București and a 3–1 defeat to Arsenal on 8 August in the 2004 FA Community Shield. His last match for United was their first Premier League game that season, a 1–0 defeat away to Chelsea on 15 August.


title: Diego Forlán

text: Despite not being a success at United, United supporters still sing his name in tribute to the two goals he scored against Liverpool: "He came from Uruguay, he made the Scousers cry" and Forlan admits it still makes him smile.


title: Diego Forlán

text: Forlán was strongly linked with a move to Spanish clubs Levante and Athletic Bilbao, but on 21 August 2004 he signed with Villarreal.


title: Diego Forlán

text: Forlán's debut for Villarreal was on 30 August 2004, starting away to rivals Valencia and scoring his club's goal in the 77th minute of a 2–1 defeat. His next goal came in a home 2–0 win over Real Zaragoza on 3 October, and was followed with an equaliser in a 1–1 draw at Mallorca and the final goal of a 4–0 win at home to Numancia. Between 12 December 2004 and 16 January 2005, Forlán scored seven goals in five Primera División matches, including a brace in a 3–0 home victory over Barcelona on 9 January. On 22 May 2005, he scored his first hat-trick for a European club with all of Villarreal's goals in a 3–3 away draw against eventual league champions Barcelona. A week later he scored two in a 4–1 victory over local rivals Levante as Villarreal ended the season in third, qualifying for the Champions League for the first time in the club's history. Forlán won the 2004–05 Pichichi Trophy for most goals in La Liga, with 25. He also shared the 2005 European Golden Boot with Arsenal striker Thierry Henry.


title: Diego Forlán

text: His goal rate declined in the 2005–06 season as Villarreal underwent several changes, yet the club reached the semi-finals of the Champions League where they were knocked out by Arsenal.


title: Diego Forlán

text: Forlán was linked with a transfer jointly with Juan Román Riquelme to Atlético Madrid in exchange for Luis Perea plus cash in June 2007. On 30 June 2007, following the departure of their captain Fernando Torres to Liverpool, Atlético Madrid confirmed that they had agreed to a fee of around €21 million. He returned to England in February 2008 to take part in Atlético's UEFA Cup clash against Bolton Wanderers (the club against whom he made his Manchester United debut), but the side lost out 1–0 on aggregate. In May 2008, Forlán helped Atlético qualify for the Champions League for the first time in over a decade, scoring the winning goal against Deportivo de La Coruña. He ended his first season in Madrid with 23 goals and formed a potent partnership with Argentinian striker Sergio Agüero.


title: Diego Forlán

text: On 9 May 2009, Forlán scored twice against Espanyol to help Atlético clinch Champions League qualification for a second successive year. "Los Rojiblancos" were trailing 2–0 at half-time and had seen Luis Perea sent off, but came back to win 3–2 thanks to a goal of the season contender from Forlán, as well as a last minute winner. He also scored crucial goals in wins over Barcelona, Villarreal and Valencia. On 23 May 2009, Forlán scored a hat-trick against Athletic Bilbao, which helped him win the La Liga Pichichi Trophy, as well as the European Golden Boot for a second time. He ended the 2008–09 season with a very impressive 32 goals in 33 matches.


title: Diego Forlán

text: Forlán started the 2009–10 season slowly, and struggled for form as Atlético made their worst start to a league season since their relegation in 2000. On 24 October 2009, Forlán scored a penalty and missed another as Atlético were held to a 1–1 draw at home against Mallorca, who had played the majority of the second half with just nine players on the field. The disappointing result and performance led to protests from Atlético supporters, as well as criticism for Forlán, who was subsequently left out of the squad for the next game. Atlético started to improve after the arrival new manager Quique Sánchez Flores, and once again, Forlán flourished in the second half of the season, as Atlético reached the finals of both the Europa League and Copa del Rey. On 14 February 2010, Forlán scored the first goal as Atlético beat Barcelona 2–1 at the Vicente Calderón, inflicting the eventual Champions only league defeat of the season. On 22 April 2010, Forlán scored the only goal of the game in Atlético's Europa League semi-final first leg at home to Liverpool. A week later, Liverpool took the tie to extra time before taking a 2–1 aggregate lead. Forlán then scored again to make it 2–2 on aggregate, giving Atlético the away goal they needed to reach the final, in which they played against Fulham at Volksparkstadion, Hamburg, on 12 May. Forlán scored twice against Fulham in the final, in a 2–1 win and was awarded man of the match. He ended the season with a total of 28 goals, including six in Atlético's successful Europa League campaign.


title: Diego Forlán

text: The 2010–11 season began with another trophy for Forlán and Atlético, winning the UEFA Super Cup, beating Inter Milan 2–0 in Monaco on 27 August 2010. Again Forlán started the season slowly, and despite finding the net three times in the opening two league games, he then went 12 matches in all competitions without a goal before finally scoring a double in a 3–0 win against Osasuna on 13 November.


title: Diego Forlán

text: On 29 August 2011, it was confirmed that Diego Forlán had joined Inter Milan as a replacement for the departing Samuel Eto'o. No financial details were announced but it is believed the 32-year-old signed an initial two-year deal. He made his debut on 11 September 2011, scoring with a high left foot shot in a 4–3 defeat at Sicilian club Palermo. On 4 March 2012, Forlán scored his second goal for Inter against Catania in a 2–2 draw. In April, Forlán declared his loyalty to Inter and his intention to stay when he told Sky Sports that "I want to stay at Inter. You haven't seen the real Forlán yet... I wouldn't want to leave Inter like this. I like challenges and I wouldn't want to leave when the team are not in a good position." In June, his father confirmed the belief that the striker would see out his contract with the "Nerazzurri". On 5 July, however, after only scoring twice in 22 appearances, the Italian club confirmed that he had been released, terminating the final year of his contract. Forlán has stated that his poor performance with the "Nerazzuri" was due to being played out of position. In addition, former Inter and Uruguay player Álvaro Recoba believed that his compatriot struggled at Inter due to the success of his predecessor Samuel Eto'o, which led Forlán to fail to live up to expectations.


title: Diego Forlán

text: On 6 July 2012, after terminating his contract with Inter, Forlán signed a three-year deal with Brazilian club Internacional. He was also linked to Mexican teams Tigres UANL and Club América. In January 2013, Forlán was linked with another Mexican team, the recently promoted Club León. At León, Forlán had the chance to play the 2013 Copa Libertadores; Internacional, however, retained Forlán's services for the 2013 season.


title: Diego Forlán

text: On 28 July 2012, he made his debut for the Brazilian club against Vasco da Gama. Forlán scored his first two goals for Internacional in a 4–1 win against Flamengo. Forlán also helped the club win 2013 Campeonato Gaúcho, scoring nine goals, the highest total at the tournament.


title: Diego Forlán

text: On 22 January 2014, Forlán signed an 18-month deal with Japanese J1 League side Cerezo Osaka. He made his AFC Champions League debut in a 1–1 draw with Pohang Steelers, and his J. League debut in a 1–0 loss against defending champions Sanfrecce Hiroshima. He scored his first goal for Cerezo in a 4–0 win over Buriram United in an AFC Champions League match. On 12 April, Forlán scored two goals in the Osaka derby against local club rivals Gamba Osaka. He scored a crucial goal against Shandong Luneng on 23 April to put his team through to the knockout stage of the AFC Champions League. Cerezo Osaka were knocked out in the first round by Guangzhou Evergrande, losing 5–1 at home in the first leg. In spite of the disappointing home defeat, they managed to secure a 1–0 away win after an own goal by Liao Lisheng. However, this was not enough to overcome the 5–2 aggregate lead.


title: Diego Forlán

text: Having been relegated in his first season to J2 League, he started off the new campaign with a goal against Tokyo Verdy drawing 1–1. Forlán scored his first hat-trick against Kyoto Sanga FC on 29 April 2015, his side winning 3–0.


title: Diego Forlán

text: On 10 July 2015, Forlán signed an 18-month contract with his boyhood club Peñarol. In his only season at the club, he scored eight goals in 31 appearances as Peñarol won the championship title. On 14 June 2016 at a press conference, Forlán said he would be leaving the club.


title: Diego Forlán

text: In August 2016, Forlán signed a three-month deal with Indian Super League club Mumbai City. He scored a hat-trick against Kerala Blasters in their 5–0 win on 19 November.


title: Diego Forlán

text: Mumbai finished first in the league table and progressed to the semi-final of the playoffs where they would face ATK. After conceding an early goal, Mumbai equalised and soon took the lead from the headers of Leo Costa and Gerson Vieira. In both cases the free kicks were taken by Forlán. Forlán received a red card in the second half as ATK won the match 3–2.


title: Diego Forlán

text: On 4 January 2018, Forlán joined Hong Kong Premier League club Kitchee. He made his debut for Kitchee on 14 January 2018, coming off the bench in the 88th minute in a 2–2 draw against Southern. On 28 January, Forlán scored his first and second goals for Kitchee in a 7–0 victory over Biu Chun Rangers. He scored a hat-trick in a 5–1 win against Lee Man FC in the following match. Forlán played in Kitchee's 1–0 victory over Kashiwa Reysol in the 2018 AFC Champions League, helping Kitchee to become the first-ever team from Hong Kong to win a match in AFC Champions League history. On 13 May 2018, Forlán played his final match with the club, featuring in the first 56 minutes of a 2–0 victory, and went on to win the Hong Kong Premier League that season.


title: Diego Forlán

text: A year after leaving Kitchee, Forlán announced his retirement from professional football on 7 August 2019.


title: Diego Forlán

text: Forlán's 100th cap coming in the 2013 FIFA Confederations Cup match against Nigeria. On 11 October 2011, he scored his 32nd goal, which made him Uruguay's top scorer of all time in official matches, beating Héctor Scarone who had held the record alone with 31 goals since 1930. (Scarone scored 42 goals in total, but 11 of them were in unofficial matches).


title: Diego Forlán

text: Forlán made his debut for Uruguay on 27 March 2002, scoring his first goal in a 3–2 friendly defeat against Saudi Arabia. During the 2002 World Cup, he scored a volley on 11 June 2002 in the group stage 3–3 draw against Senegal. Despite coming from three goals down to draw the game, Uruguay were eliminated from the tournament along with France in Group A. Diego Forlán and Youri Djorkaeff were, respectively, members of the Uruguay and France squads that met in the 2002 World Cup, in Group A. Their respective fathers, Pablo and Jean, featured in the match between Uruguay and France at the 1966 World Cup, which was also in Group A.


title: Diego Forlán

text: Forlán wore the number 21 for Uruguay at the 2004 Copa América in Peru, shortly before his transfer from Manchester United to Villarreal. He played all six games as they, under the management of Jorge Fossati, came third. Forlán's only goal was in the 2–1 victory over Ecuador, Uruguay's only group win. They advanced in third place out of four in the group.


title: Diego Forlán

text: Forlán scored against Brazil in the 35th minute of the 2007 Copa América semi-final. However, he missed his shot during the subsequent penalty shoot-out, which Brazil ultimately won 5–4.


title: Diego Forlán

text: On 16 June 2010, during Uruguay's second group game in the 2010 World Cup against South Africa, Forlán opened the scoring with a right footed long range effort. Later in the game, Forlán scored from the penalty spot, shooting high into the net for his second and also had a hand in Uruguay's third, in a 3–0 win over the host nation. On 2 July 2010, Forlán scored a free kick against Ghana to equalise in the quarter-final. The game ended 1–1 and Uruguay advanced to the semi-finals after defeating Ghana 4–2 in the penalty shootout. On 6 July 2010, Forlán scored another long range goal, this time with his left foot to equalise against the Netherlands in the semi-final. Despite a half-time score of 1–1, Uruguay eventually lost 3–2 as the Dutch advanced to the final. Forlán became the first player since Lothar Matthäus in 1990 to score three goals from outside the penalty area in one tournament. On 10 July 2010, Forlán scored for the final time in the tournament as he netted a well-executed volley from the edge of the area to give Uruguay the lead. This goal, from a pass by Egidio Arévalo Ríos, was selected by FIFA as the Goal of the Tournament. Forlán then hit the crossbar with the final kick of the game from a free kick as they lost to Germany 3–2 in the third place play-off. Forlán was awarded the Golden Ball as the tournament's best player. He was also picked for the team of the tournament, and was the joint top scorer at the World Cup with five goals.


title: Diego Forlán

text: On 24 July 2011, Forlán scored twice after Luis Suárez's opening goal helping Uruguay win their 15th Copa América title and became Uruguay's joint top scorer at international level, his 31 goals matching those of Héctor Scarone after beating Paraguay 3–0 in the final. Forlán's father and grandfather were also South American champions with Uruguay over a period spanning the 95 years of the world's oldest active tournament.


title: Diego Forlán

text: On 16 June 2013, Forlán appeared as a 69th-minute substitute in Uruguay's opening 2013 Confederations Cup match against Spain. In Uruguay's second group game, a match where he won his 100th cap for his country, Forlán scored the winning goal to defeat Nigeria 2–1. He was subsequently rested for the next match against Tahiti. He was again in the starting line-up as Uruguay lost 1–2 to Brazil in the semi-final, where he had a penalty kick saved by Brazilian goalkeeper Júlio César.


title: Diego Forlán

text: Forlán was a part of the Uruguay squad for the 2014 World Cup in Brazil. At the age of 35, he started the opening match against group underdogs Costa Rica in place of the absent Luis Suárez. He had a deflected shot saved by Costa Rican goalkeeper Keylor Navas as Uruguay lost the game 3–1. Forlán did not appear again until the Round of 16, where Uruguay were beaten 2–0 by Colombia.


title: Diego Forlán

text: On 11 March 2015, Forlán announced his retirement from the national team. He represented Uruguay with 112 caps, scoring 36 times.


title: Diego Forlán

text: A talented, technically gifted, hardworking and creative player, with an eye for goal, Forlán was a quick, clever, complete and versatile forward, with a good positional sense, who was capable of playing anywhere along the front line. He was deployed as a main striker (his favoured position), as a supporting forward, as an attacking midfielder, and even as a winger, often drifting onto the flank to begin attacking plays. He was capable of scoring with either foot, both from inside and outside the area; in fact, Forlán was most known for his powerful and accurate long range shots, which made him a large threat if given space outside the box. Alongside this, Forlán was also an accurate set-piece and penalty kick taker. In addition to his accurate finishing, movement, and goalscoring ability, Forlán was a skilful player, gifted with good technical ability and ball control, as well as good vision, passing ability, intelligence, and awareness on the ball; these attributes also enabled him to be deployed in a more creative role, in which he could play-off of other players and drop into deeper positions to link-up the midfield with the attack, making him a capable assist provider. In addition to his footballing skills, Forlán was also praised for his leadership, longevity and determination throughout his career.


title: Diego Forlán

text: On 20 December 2019, Forlán was appointed as manager of his former club Peñarol. He was sacked on 1 September 2020, after winning just four of his eleven games in charge. On 17 March 2021, he was appointed as manager of Atenas de San Carlos of the Uruguayan Segunda División. On 16 September 2021, after a 2–1 loss to Rampla Juniors, he was released.


title: Diego Forlán

text: Forlán was born into a family of footballers – his father Pablo having played for Peñarol (1963–1970), São Paulo (1970–1975) and Uruguay in the 1966 and 1974 World Cups, and his maternal grandfather, Juan Carlos Corazzo, for Independiente in Argentina. Forlán is of Italian, Basque, and Irish descent, and because of his Basque ancestry from his grandmother, he was linked to Athletic Bilbao after his departure from Manchester United, even though the club only permits Basque players. His nickname is "Cachavacha," a witch who is one of the atagonists from the Argentine cartoon series "The Adventures of Hijitus".


title: Diego Forlán

text: He is a founding member of Fundación Alejandra Forlán, an organization headed by his sister that promotes safer driving.


title: Diego Forlán

text: In 2009, Forlán appeared in a music video for Coti starring alongside Argentine footballer Maxi Rodríguez. In 2021, Forlán began playing amateur football for the Old Boys Club, which came about because his children attend The British Schools of Montevideo.


title: Diego Forlán

text: Forlán announced on 9 March 2011 on his official Twitter page that he and Argentinian model/actress Zaira Nara were engaged to be married. In June 2011, however, Forlán and Nara announced they were breaking their engagement. No reason was released for the breakup.


title: Diego Forlán

text: Forlán is married to Paz Cardoso and together the pair have two sons, Martín, in February 2016, and César, in February 2019, and a daughter, Luz, in May 2017.


title: Child's Play (franchise)

text: Child's Play (also known colloquially as Chucky) is an American slasher media franchise created by Don Mancini. The films mainly focus on Chucky (voiced by Brad Dourif in the original films and television series, and Mark Hamill in the reboot with Brad Dourif partially voicing the character in the reboot), a notorious serial killer who frequently escapes death by performing a voodoo ritual to transfer his soul into a "Good Guy" doll. The original film, "Child's Play", was released on November 9, 1988. The film has spawned six sequels, a television series, a remake, comic books, a video game, and tie-in merchandise. The first, second, and fourth films were box office successes with all of the films earning over $182 million worldwide. Including revenues from sales of videos, DVDs, VOD and merchandise, the franchise has generated over $250 million. It also won a Saturn Award for Best Horror Franchise.


title: Child's Play (franchise)

text: The film series originally started out as straight horror with the first installment "Child's Play", which appears to have more psychological horror elements, while the next two installments are straightforward slasher films with elements of dark humor. As the films progressed, they became satirical and campy, and the series briefly became a horror comedy, with 1998's "Bride of Chucky" and 2004's "Seed of Chucky". In 2013, the series returned under the title "Curse of Chucky" and was released on direct-to-video. Unlike "Bride" and "Seed", "Curse of Chucky" is a full-fledged horror film much like the original three installments, but it does maintain the campy humor to a small degree. The seventh installment to the series, titled "Cult of Chucky", was released in October 2017. The television series titled "Chucky" aired on October 12, 2021, on Syfy and USA Network.


title: Child's Play (franchise)

text: Several short films have been made featuring the Chucky character: on the DVD release of "Seed of Chucky", a short film entitled "Chucky's Vacation Slides", set after the shooting of the film, was included, and a series of short films inserting Chucky into the events of other horror films entitled "Chucky Invades" was released in the run-up to the release of "Curse of Chucky". On television, Chucky has appeared in commercials and also on "Saturday Night Live", with a separate voice actor voicing the character. Chucky appeared in a pre-taped segment during an October 1998 episode of World Championship Wrestling's "Monday Nitro" program as a heel, taunting wrestler Rick Steiner who was a face at the time and promoting "Bride of Chucky". He later appeared on WWE's "NXT" program for the special "" episode in October 2021, in which Chucky served as a host to announce several of the matches. This appearance was to promote the "Chucky" TV series.


title: Child's Play (franchise)

text: Directed by Tom Holland from a story by Holland, John Lafia, and Don Mancini, "Child's Play" was released on November 9, 1988. It was the first film in the series and the only film (not counting the 2019 reboot) to be distributed by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer/United Artists before the franchise was sold to Universal Pictures. The film starred Catherine Hicks, Chris Sarandon, Brad Dourif, and Alex Vincent in his first film performance.


title: Child's Play (franchise)

text: Gunned down by Detective Mike Norris, dying murderer Charles Lee Ray uses voodoo magic to put his soul inside a doll named Chucky—which Karen Barclay buys for her young son, Andy. When Chucky kills Andy's babysitter, the boy realizes the doll is alive and tries to warn people, but he's institutionalized. Now Karen must convince the detective of the murderous doll's intentions, before Andy becomes Chucky's next victim.


title: Child's Play (franchise)

text: Directed by John Lafia, from a story by Don Mancini, and released on November 9, 1990, "Child's Play 2" is the second film in the series and the first film produced by Universal Pictures. The film sees Alex Vincent and Brad Dourif reprise their respective roles as Andy Barclay and the voice of Chucky, while Christine Elise plays Andy's foster sister, Kyle.


title: Child's Play (franchise)

text: Two years after serial killer Charles Lee Ray inserted his soul into a Chucky doll, a toy company attempts to re-create the doll, bringing Ray back in the process. The possessed doll, intent on claiming a human body, kills his way toward former owner Andy, who now lives in a foster home. Andy's foster sister, Kyle, tries to protect him, but his foster parents believe Andy is just a troubled kid—and Chucky's murderous path continues.


title: Child's Play (franchise)

text: Directed by Jack Bender from a story by Don Mancini and released on August 30, 1991, "Child's Play 3" is the third and last film in the series to be titled "Child's Play", as all future installments would later use the title "Chucky" (prior to the 2019 reboot). The film saw Justin Whalin (replacing Alex Vincent) as Andy Barclay, while Perrey Reeves and Jeremy Sylvers play new characters Kristin De Silva and Ronald Tyler. Brad Dourif reprised his role as the voice of Chucky, becoming the only actor to appear in all films.


title: Child's Play (franchise)

text: It's been years since Chucky, the doll with the soul and the voice of a psychopathic killer, was apparently destroyed in a fire at a doll factory. Now Chucky's manufacturer is remaking the same line of toys with the old, still haunted materials. This resurrects Chucky, who goes after Andy, his former owner, who now attends military school. Chucky slashes his way through a string of grotesque murders as Andy tries to stop the homicidal doll and the spirit within it.


title: Child's Play (franchise)

text: Directed by Ronny Yu from a story by Don Mancini and released on October 16, 1998, "Bride of Chucky" is the fourth film in the franchise, and the first film to be titled "Chucky". The film once again sees Brad Dourif reprising his role of Chucky, while Jennifer Tilly, Nick Stabile, and Katherine Heigl play new characters. Unlike the first three films, this film focuses almost entirely on the titular dolls.


title: Child's Play (franchise)

text: After being cut apart in the previous film, killer doll Chucky is resurrected by Tiffany, his ex-girlfriend. Following an argument, Chucky kills Tiffany, transferring her soul into a bride doll. To find the magical amulet that can restore them both to human form, Chucky and Tiffany arrange to be driven to New Jersey by Jesse and Jade, a teenage couple who are unaware that their cargo is alive.


title: Child's Play (franchise)

text: Directed and written by Don Mancini and released on November 11, 2004, "Seed of Chucky" is the fifth installment of the series and the second film not to be distributed by Universal Pictures. The film stars Brad Dourif, reprising his role as Chucky, Jennifer Tilly, reprising her role as Tiffany Valentine, while also playing a fictional version of herself, and Billy Boyd as their child, Glen/Glenda.


title: Child's Play (franchise)

text: Gentle Glen is a ventriloquist's dummy, the offspring of evil dolls Chucky and Tiffany, both of whom are now deceased. When the orphaned Glen hears that a film is being made about his parents, he goes to Hollywood and resurrects them in an attempt to get to know them better. He is horrified when his parents embark on a new killing spree, and Chucky is equally horrified that his son has no taste for evil.


title: Child's Play (franchise)

text: Directed and written by Don Mancini and released on October 8, 2013, "Curse of Chucky" is the sixth film in the series, and the first direct-to-video installment. It stars Brad Dourif, reprising the role from previous films, while his daughter, Fiona Dourif, plays new character Nica Pierce.


title: Child's Play (franchise)

text: Looking for revenge, Chucky the killer doll infiltrates and terrorises the family of a woman, her sister, and her young niece.


title: Child's Play (franchise)

text: Directed and written by Don Mancini, and released on October 3, 2017, "Cult of Chucky" is the seventh installment and the second direct-to-video film in the franchise. It stars Brad Dourif, Jennifer Tilly, Alex Vincent, and Fiona Dourif, all reprising the roles from previous films in the franchise.


title: Child's Play (franchise)

text: Chucky returns to terrorize his human victim, Nica, who is confined to an asylum for the criminally insane. Meanwhile, the killer doll has some scores to settle with his old enemies, with the help of his former wife.


title: Child's Play (franchise)

text: Directed by Lars Klevberg, "Child's Play" (2019) is a remake and reboot of the original film. It stars Aubrey Plaza, Gabriel Bateman, and Mark Hamill playing new versions of characters from the original film. In this film Chucky is not a doll possessed by a serial killer, but instead an AI powered Buddi doll.


title: Child's Play (franchise)

text: After moving to a new city, young Andy Barclay receives a special present from his mother—a seemingly innocent Buddi doll that becomes his best friend. When the doll suddenly takes on a life of its own, Andy unites with other neighborhood children to stop the sinister toy from wreaking havoc.


title: Child's Play (franchise)

text: In October 2017, Don Mancini stated that he intends to have Glen and Glenda from "Seed of Chucky" return in a future film, and acknowledged that most references to that character had been cut from "Cult of Chucky". "Child's Play" television series continuation "Chucky" was released in October 2021 and Mancini said that following the TV show, feature films will continue to be developed in the future.


title: Child's Play (franchise)

text: In an interview with "Bloody Disgusting", Mancini discussed the potential of a "Child's Play" film set on a train, as well as revealing plans for a crossover film with the "A Nightmare on Elm Street" franchise, tentatively referred to as "Child's Play on Elm Street".<br>


title: Child's Play (franchise)

text: I would like to do Freddy and Chucky, just because I think they would be a fun double act. I'm more really interested in the characters. My pitch for Freddy vs. Chucky is "Child's Play on Elm Street". Chucky ends up in some kid's house on Elm Street, and Chucky and Freddy inevitably meet in the dreamscape. Chucky sleeps. Why not? Chucky sleeps, Chucky dreams. And they have this admiration for each other. But they realize quickly that Elm Street isn't big enough for the two of them, so in a riff on "Dirty Rotten Scoundrels" they have a contest: who can kill the most teenagers before the sun comes up?


title: Child's Play (franchise)

text: Mancini confirmed his intent to make the crossover film, describing it as "cool and doable", saying that the film would be titled "Child's Play on Elm Street" and that he was in discussion with New Line Cinema about the film. The foundation for a crossover film was previously laid in "Bride of Chucky", in which Freddy Krueger's bladed glove had appeared in the Lockport police evidence depository at the beginning of the film.


title: Child's Play (franchise)

text: On the home media DVD and Blu-ray release of "Seed of Chucky" in 2005, a short film entitled "Chucky's Vacation Slides" was included in the special features. The short, set after the shooting of "Seed of Chucky", follows the movie stars Chucky, Tiffany, and Glen after having returned from a family vacation. While browsing through their photographs of their vacation on a slide projector, Tiffany notices various corpses in the background of certain photographs, realizing that Chucky has been killing people again. Tiffany leaves, with a distraught and sickened Glen, while Chucky continues to view the photographs. After a delivery man arrives with a pizza, Chucky leads him to his garage and kills him off-screen. Brad Dourif, Jennifer Tilly and Billy Boyd all reprise their roles from the films.


title: Child's Play (franchise)

text: Leading up to the DVD release of "Curse of Chucky" in 2013, a series of short film videos were released. The clips showed Chucky interrupting the events of several other horror films. Brad Dourif and Edan Gross reprised their roles as Chucky and the Good Guys Doll, respectively.


title: Child's Play (franchise)

text: A television series adaptation, titled "Chucky", was released on October 12, 2021, with involvement from franchise creator Don Mancini and producer David Kirschner. The show aired on Syfy and USA Network and shares continuity with the original film series, and is a continuation of that story. Mancini stated that besides the TV series, feature films will still continue to be developed. Brad Dourif returned to voice Charles Lee "Chucky" Ray.


title: Child's Play (franchise)

text: Executive producers of the series include David Kirschner and Nick Antosca. Mancini directed and wrote the first episode.


title: Child's Play (franchise)

text: In addition to Brad Dourif, Jennifer Tilly reprised her role as Tiffany in the series. Other cast members include Zackary Arthur, Teo Briones, Alyvia Alyn Lind, Björgvin Arnarson, Devon Sawa, Fiona Dourif, Lexa Doig and Barbara Alyn Woods. Alex Vincent and Christine Elise McCarthy reprised their roles as Andy Barclay and Kyle.


title: Child's Play (franchise)

text: In December 1992, four people who tortured and killed 16-year-old Suzanne Capper were said to be influenced by one of the "Child's Play" films. During the torturing of the girl, the perpetrators taunted her by playing her a song, ("Hi, I'm Chucky (Wanna Play?))" by 150 Volts, featuring samples from the film "Child's Play".


title: Child's Play (franchise)

text: In 1993, two youths who abducted and murdered a toddler named James Bulger were said to have been influenced by the film "Child's Play 3". The supposed link between the murder and the film was denied by film censor James Ferman.


title: Child's Play (franchise)

text: According to a relative of two boys aged 10 and 12 who brutally attacked a nine-year-old and 11-year-old boy in Edlington, South Yorkshire in April 2009, the attackers watched horror movies, including "Chucky" films, from the age of about six or seven.


title: Child's Play (franchise)

text: Elena Lobacheva, a Russian serial killer arrested in 2015, was reportedly obsessed with the film "Bride of Chucky", which she cited as being an inspiration for the murders that she and her gang committed throughout Moscow.


title: Child's Play (franchise)

text: In August 2019, billboards and posters promoting the 2019 "Child's Play" reboot were pulled in New Zealand after a complaint was submitted to the Advertising Standards Authority (ASA) for being inappropriate. The complaint was made mostly with concern for the region of Canterbury, claiming the advertisements are potentially traumatizing among children by reminding them of that region's high suicide rates, the various earthquakes that occurred, and the Christchurch mosque shootings. The ad depicted Chucky with red glowing eyes and a knife, the latter being intentionally obscured by the title. The poster was deemed not to cause any harm among the population, but the ASA concluded it would be frightening for children.


title: Child's Play (franchise)

text: Joe Renzetti composed the first "Child's Play", followed by Graeme Revell, who composed the soundtrack for "Child's Play 2" and "Bride of Chucky". John D'Andrea and Cory Lerios wrote the score for "Child's Play 3", while Pino Donaggio composed "Seed of Chucky". Joseph LoDuca composed the score for "Curse of Chucky" and "Cult of Chucky".


title: Child's Play (franchise)

text: Beginning in 1992, Innovation Publishing released the first comic books based on the films, in the form of a three-issue adaptation of "Child's Play 2". It was later collected in a trade paperback. The success of the adaptation led to a monthly series of new stories starting in 1991. The series, titled "Child's Play: The Series", ended in 1992 after only five issues. This was followed by a three-issue adaptation of "Child's Play 3".


title: Child's Play (franchise)

text: In 2007, Devil's Due Publishing obtained the license to publish "Child's Play" comics and released a one-shot crossover with "Hack/Slash" titled "Hack/Slash vs. Chucky" which takes place after the events of the "Seed of Chucky" film. This was followed by a four-issue series called "Chucky". A second volume began in early 2009 but ceased publication after only one issue.


title: Child's Play (franchise)

text: Slimstown Studios made an endless runner video game titled "Chucky: Slash & Dash". The game was released on iPhone, iPad, iPod Touch and Android devices. It is the result of an agreement with Universal Partnerships & Licensing to develop and publish the first officially licensed smartphone and tablet "Child's Play" video game. The gameplay is actually inspired by the second film's climax.


title: Child's Play (franchise)

text: In the game, Chucky is stuck in a never-ending nightmare in which he's endlessly running through the factory that produces Good Guys dolls. Players control Chucky while sprinting through the factory floor, the catwalks, the warehouse, or even outside, and need to avoid conveyor belts, forklifts, acid pools, barrels and other obstacles. Chucky can also eliminate security guards patrolling the factory using his classic knife or other more outlandish weapons like a cleaver, screwdriver, or hatchet. As they play, gamers collect batteries that can be used to purchase in-game items or power-ups, such as a double battery bonus, a fast start, or extra lives that can extend a run after dying.


title: Child's Play (franchise)

text: Since 1992, Chucky has starred in his own shows at Universal Studios "Halloween Horror Nights", entitled, "Chucky's In-Your-Face Insults" and "Chucky's Insult Emporium".


title: Child's Play (franchise)

text: In 2009, the climax of "Child's Play 3" received its own maze, entitled "Chucky's Fun House". "Curse of Chucky" has also received its own scarezone in the 2013 lineup. In 2017, Chucky was the host of the Hollywood event's Terror Tram, joining Freddy, Jason, and Leatherface in terrorizing guests as a promotion for the then-new "Cult of Chucky" film. The following year, he featured in his own scarezone at the Orlando event.


title: The Wall Street Journal

text: The Wall Street Journal is an American business-focused, international daily newspaper based in New York City, with international editions also available in Chinese and Japanese. The "Journal", along with its Asian editions, is published six days a week by Dow Jones & Company, a division of News Corp. The newspaper is published in the broadsheet format and online. The "Journal" has been printed continuously since its inception on July 8, 1889, by Charles Dow, Edward Jones, and Charles Bergstresser. The "Journal" is regarded as a newspaper of record, particularly in terms of business and financial news. The newspaper has won 38 Pulitzer Prizes, the most recent in 2019.


title: The Wall Street Journal

text: "The Wall Street Journal" is one of the largest newspapers in the United States by circulation, with a circulation of about 2.834million copies (including nearly 1,829,000 digital sales) compared with "USA Today"s 1.7million. The "Journal" publishes the luxury news and lifestyle magazine "WSJ", which was originally launched as a quarterly but expanded to 12 issues in 2014. An online version was launched in 1995, which has been accessible only to subscribers since it began. The editorial pages of the "Journal" are typically conservative in their positions.


title: The Wall Street Journal

text: The first products of Dow Jones & Company, the publisher of the "Journal", were brief news bulletins, nicknamed "flimsies", hand-delivered throughout the day to traders at the stock exchange in the early 1880s. They were later aggregated in a printed daily summary called the "Customers' Afternoon Letter". Reporters Charles Dow, Edward Jones, and Charles Bergstresser converted this into "The Wall Street Journal", which was published for the first time on July 8, 1889, and began delivery of the Dow Jones & Company News Service via telegraph.


title: The Wall Street Journal

text: In 1896, The "Dow Jones Industrial Average" was officially launched. It was the first of several indices of stock and bond prices on the New York Stock Exchange. In 1899, the "Journal" Review & Outlook column, which still runs today, appeared for the first time, initially written by Charles Dow.


title: The Wall Street Journal

text: Journalist Clarence Barron purchased control of the company for US$130,000 in 1902 (); circulation was then around 7,000 but climbed to 50,000 by the end of the 1920s. Barron and his predecessors were credited with creating an atmosphere of fearless, independent financial reporting—a novelty in the early days of business journalism. In 1921, Barron's, the United States's premier financial weekly, was founded. Barron died in 1928, a year before Black Tuesday, the stock market crash that greatly affected the Great Depression in the United States. Barron's descendants, the Bancroft family, would continue to control the company until 2007.


title: The Wall Street Journal

text: "The Journal" took its modern shape and prominence in the 1940s, a time of industrial expansion for the United States and its financial institutions in New York. Bernard Kilgore was named managing editor of the paper in 1941, and company CEO in 1945, eventually compiling a 25-year career as the head of the "Journal". Kilgore was the architect of the paper's iconic front-page design, with its "What's News" digest, and its national distribution strategy, which brought the paper's circulation from 33,000 in 1941 to 1.1million when Kilgore died in 1967. Under Kilgore, in 1947, the paper won its first Pulitzer Prize for William Henry Grimes's editorials.


title: The Wall Street Journal

text: In 1967, Dow Jones Newswires began a major expansion outside of the United States ultimately placing its journalists in every major financial center in Europe, Asia, Latin America, Australia, and Africa. In 1970, Dow Jones bought the Ottaway newspaper chain, which at the time comprised nine dailies and three Sunday newspapers. Later, the name was changed to Dow Jones Local Media Group.


title: The Wall Street Journal

text: The period from 1971 to 1997 brought about a series of launches, acquisitions, and joint ventures, including "Factiva", "The Wall Street Journal Asia", "The Wall Street Journal Europe", the WSJ.com website, Dow Jones Indexes, MarketWatch, and "WSJ Weekend Edition". In 2007, News Corp. acquired Dow Jones. "WSJ.", a luxury lifestyle magazine, was launched in 2008.


title: The Wall Street Journal

text: A complement to the print newspaper, "The Wall Street Journal Online", was launched in 1996 and has allowed access only by subscription from the beginning. In 2003, Dow Jones began to integrate reporting of "the Journal" print and online subscribers together in Audit Bureau of Circulations statements. In 2007, it was commonly believed to be the largest paid-subscription news site on the Web, with 980,000 paid subscribers. Since then, digital subscription has risen to 1.3 million as of September 2018, falling to number two behind "The New York Times" with 3 million digital subscriptions. In May 2008, an annual subscription to the online edition of "The Wall Street Journal" cost $119 for those who do not have subscriptions to the print edition. By June 2013, the monthly cost for a subscription to the online edition was $22.99, or $275.88 annually, excluding introductory offers. Digital subscription rates increased dramatically as its popularity increased over print to $443.88 per year, with first time subscribers paying $187.20 per year.


title: The Wall Street Journal

text: On November 30, 2004, Oasys Mobile and "The Wall Street Journal" released an app that would allow users to access content from "The Wall Street Journal Online" via their mobile phones. Pulitzer Prize–winning stories from 1995 are available free on the Pulitzer web site.


title: The Wall Street Journal

text: In September 2005, the "Journal" launched a weekend edition, delivered to all subscribers, which marked a return to Saturday publication after a lapse of some 50 years. The move was designed in part to attract more consumer advertising.


title: The Wall Street Journal

text: In 2005, the "Journal" reported a readership profile of about 60 percent top management, an average income of $191,000, an average household net worth of $2.1million, and an average age of 55.


title: The Wall Street Journal

text: In 2007, the "Journal" launched a worldwide expansion of its website to include major foreign-language editions. The paper had also shown an interest in buying the rival "Financial Times".


title: The Wall Street Journal

text: Front-page advertising in the "Journal" was re-introduced on September 5, 2006. This followed similar introductions in the European and Asian editions in late 2005.


title: The Wall Street Journal

text: After presenting nearly identical front-page layouts for half a century—always six columns, with the day's top stories in the first and sixth columns, "What's News" digest in the second and third, the "A-hed" feature story in the fourth (with 'hed' being jargon for headline) and themed weekly reports in the fifth column – the paper in 2007 decreased its broadsheet width from 15 to 12inches while keeping the length at 22inches, to save newsprint costs. News design consultant Mario Garcia collaborated on the changes. Dow Jones said it would save US$18million a year in newsprint costs across all "The Wall Street Journal" papers. This move eliminated one column of print, pushing the "A-hed" out of its traditional location (though the paper now usually includes a quirky feature story on the right side of the front page, sandwiched among the lead stories).


title: The Wall Street Journal

text: The paper uses ink dot drawings called hedcuts, introduced in 1979 and originally created by Kevin Sprouls, in addition to photographs, a method of illustration considered a consistent visual signature of the paper. the "Journal" still heavily employs the use of caricatures, including those by illustrator Ken Fallin, such as when Peggy Noonan memorialized then-recently deceased newsman Tim Russert. The use of color photographs and graphics has become increasingly common in recent years with the addition of more "lifestyle" sections.


title: The Wall Street Journal

text: The daily was awarded by the Society for News Design World's Best Designed Newspaper award for 1994 and 1997.


title: The Wall Street Journal

text: On May 2, 2007, News Corporation made an unsolicited takeover bid for Dow Jones, offering US$60 a share for stock that had been selling for US$33 a share. The Bancroft family, which controlled more than 60% of the voting stock, at first rejected the offer, but later reconsidered its position.


title: The Wall Street Journal

text: Three months later, on August 1, 2007, News Corporation and Dow Jones entered into a definitive merger agreement. The US$5billion sale added "The Wall Street Journal" to Rupert Murdoch's news empire, which already included Fox News Channel, financial network unit and London's "The Times", and locally within New York, the "New York Post", along with Fox flagship station WNYW (Channel 5) and MyNetworkTV flagship WWOR (Channel 9).


title: The Wall Street Journal

text: On December 13, 2007, shareholders representing more than 60 percent of Dow Jones's voting stock approved the company's acquisition by News Corporation.


title: The Wall Street Journal

text: In an editorial page column, publisher L. Gordon Crovitz said the Bancrofts and News Corporation had agreed that the "Journal"s news and opinion sections would preserve their editorial independence from their new corporate parent:


title: The Wall Street Journal

text: A special committee was established to oversee the paper's editorial integrity. When the managing editor Marcus Brauchli resigned on April 22, 2008, the committee said that News Corporation had violated its agreement by not notifying the committee earlier. However, Brauchli said he believed that new owners should appoint their own editor.


title: The Wall Street Journal

text: A 2007 "Journal" article quoted charges that Murdoch had made and broken similar promises in the past. One large shareholder commented that Murdoch has long "expressed his personal, political and business biases through his newspapers and television stations". Former "Times" assistant editor Fred Emery remembers an incident when "Mr. Murdoch called him into his office in March 1982 and said he was considering firing "Times" editor Harold Evans. Mr. Emery says he reminded Mr. Murdoch of his promise that editors couldn't be fired without the independent directors' approval. 'God, you don't take all that seriously, do you?' Mr. Murdoch answered, according to Mr. Emery." Murdoch eventually forced out Evans.


title: The Wall Street Journal

text: In 2011, "The Guardian" found evidence that the "Journal" had artificially inflated its European sales numbers, by paying Executive Learning Partnership for purchasing 16% of European sales. These inflated sales numbers then enabled the "Journal" to charge similarly inflated advertising rates, as the advertisers would think that they reached more readers than they actually did. In addition, the "Journal" agreed to run "articles" featuring Executive Learning Partnership, presented as news, but effectively advertising. The case came to light after a Belgian "Wall Street Journal" employee, Gert Van Mol, informed Dow Jones CEO Les Hinton about the questionable practice. As a result, the then "Wall Street Journal Europe" CEO and Publisher Andrew Langhoff was fired after it was found out he personally pressured journalists into covering one of the newspaper's business partners involved in the issue. Since September 2011, all the online articles that resulted from the ethical wrongdoing carry a "Wall Street Journal" disclaimer informing the readers about the circumstances in which they were created.


title: The Wall Street Journal

text: The "Journal", along with its parent Dow Jones & Company, was among the businesses News Corporation spun off in 2013 as the new News Corp.


title: The Wall Street Journal

text: In November 2016, in an effort to cut costs, the "Journal" editor-in-chief, Gerard Baker, announced layoffs of staff and consolidation of its print sections. The new "Business & Finance" section combined the former "Business & Tech" and "Money & Investing" sections. The new "Life & Arts" section took the place of "Personal Journal" and "Arena". In addition, the "Journal" "Greater New York" coverage was reduced and moved to the main section of paper. The section was shuttered on July 9, 2021.


title: The Wall Street Journal

text: In an October 2018 Simmons Research survey of 38 news organizations, "The Wall Street Journal" was ranked the most trusted news organization by Americans. Joshua Benton of the Nieman Journalism Lab at Harvard University wrote that the paper's "combination of respected news pages and conservative editorial pages seem to be a magic formula for generating trust across the ideological spectrum."


title: The Wall Street Journal

text: From 2019 through 2022, the "Journal" partnered with Facebook to provide content for the social-media site's "News Tab". Facebook paid the "Journal" in excess of $10 million during that period, terminating the relationship as part of a broader shift away from news content.


title: The Wall Street Journal

text: On June 13, 2022, the "Journal" launched a product review website called "Buy Side". The website remains free and has a distinct team from the Journal newsroom.


title: The Wall Street Journal

text: Since 1980, the "Journal" has been published in multiple sections. At one time, the "Journal" page count averaged as much as 96 pages an issue, but with the industry-wide decline in advertising, the "Journal" in 2009–10 more typically published about 50 to 60 pages per issue.


title: The Wall Street Journal

text: In addition, several columnists contribute regular features to the "Journal" opinion page and OpinionJournal.com:


title: The Wall Street Journal

text: In addition to these regular opinion pieces, on Fridays the "Journal" publishes a religion-themed op-ed, titled "Houses of Worship", written by a different author each week. Authors range from the Dalai Lama to cardinals.


title: The Wall Street Journal

text: "WSJ." is "The Wall Street Journal"s luxury lifestyle magazine. Its coverage spans art, fashion, entertainment, design, food, architecture, travel and more. Kristina O'Neill is Editor in Chief and Omblyne Pelier is Publisher.


title: The Wall Street Journal

text: Launched as a quarterly in 2008, the magazine grew to 12 issues a year for 2014. The magazine is distributed within the U.S. Weekend Edition of "The Wall Street Journal" newspaper (average paid print circulation is +2.2 million*), the European and Asian editions, and is available on WSJ.com. Each issue is also available throughout the month in "The Wall Street Journal" iPad app.


title: The Wall Street Journal

text: Penélope Cruz, Carmelo Anthony, Woody Allen, Scarlett Johansson, Emilia Clarke, Daft Punk, and Gisele Bündchen have all been featured on the cover.


title: The Wall Street Journal

text: In 2012, the magazine launched its signature platform, The Innovator Awards. An extension of the November Innovators issue, the awards ceremony, held in New York City at Museum of Modern Art, honors visionaries across the fields of design, fashion, architecture, humanitarianism, art and technology. The 2013 winners were: Alice Waters (Humanitarianism); Daft Punk (Entertainment); David Adjaye (Architecture); Do-Ho Suh (Art); Nick D'Aloisio (Technology); Pat McGrath (Fashion); Thomas Woltz (Design).


title: The Wall Street Journal

text: OpinionJournal.com is a website featuring content from the editorial pages of "The Wall Street Journal". It existed separately from the news content at wsj.com until January 2008, when it was merged into the main website.


title: The Wall Street Journal

text: In addition to editorials and columns from the printed newspaper, wsj.com carries two daily web-only columns:


title: The Wall Street Journal

text: The editorials (titled "Review & Outlook") reflect "The Journal"s conservative political editorial line, as do its regular columnists, who include Peggy Noonan, John Fund, and Daniel Henninger.


title: The Wall Street Journal

text: On June 30, 2020, the "Journal" launched "WSJ Noted.", a monthly digital "news and culture" magazine for subscribers aged 18–34 years old in a bid to attract a younger audience to the "Journal". The magazine has a group of some 7,000 young adults who are invited to preview content, provide feedback, and join Q&As with Noted staff.


title: The Wall Street Journal

text: The WSJ operates a podcast service (WSJ Podcasts), which deliver audio podcasts along with transcripts with several channel streams, including:


title: The Wall Street Journal

text: "The Wall Street Journal" editorial board members oversee the "Journal"'s editorial page, dictating the tone and direction of the newspaper's opinion section. "The Wall Street Journal" does not provide details on the exact duties of board members.


title: The Wall Street Journal

text: Every Saturday and Sunday, three editorial page writers and host Paul Gigot, editor of the Editorial Page, appear on Fox News Channel's "Journal Editorial Report" to discuss current issues with a variety of guests. As editors of the editorial page, Vermont C. Royster (served 1958–1971) and Robert L. Bartley (served 1972–2000) were especially influential in providing a conservative interpretation of the news on a daily basis.


title: The Wall Street Journal

text: Contrasts have been noted between the "Journal"'s news reporting and its editorial pages. "While "Journal" reporters keep busy informing readers," wrote one reporter in 1982, ""Journal" editorial writers put forth views that often contradict the paper's best reporting and news analysis." Two summaries published in 1995 by the progressive blog Fairness and Accuracy in Reporting, and in 1996 by the "Columbia Journalism Review" criticized the "Journal" editorial page for inaccuracy during the 1980s and 1990s. One reference work in 2011 described the editorial pages as "rigidly neoconservative" while noting that the news coverage "has enjoyed a sterling reputation among readers of all political stripes".


title: The Wall Street Journal

text: In July 2020, more than 280 "Journal" journalists and Dow Jones staff members wrote a letter to new publisher Almar Latour to criticize the opinion pages' "lack of fact-checking and transparency, and its apparent disregard for evidence", adding that "opinion articles often make assertions that are contradicted by "WSJ" reporting." The editorial board responded that its opinion pages "won't wilt under cancel-culture pressure" and that the objective of the editorial content is to be independent of the "Journal"s news content and offer alternative views to "the uniform progressive views that dominate nearly all of today's media." The board's response did not address issues regarding fact-checking that had been raised in the letter.


title: The Wall Street Journal

text: During the Reagan administration, the newspaper's editorial page was particularly influential as the leading voice for supply-side economics. Under the editorship of Robert Bartley, it expounded at length on economic concepts such as the Laffer curve, and how a decrease in certain marginal tax rates and the capital gains tax could allegedly increase overall tax revenue by generating more economic activity.


title: The Wall Street Journal

text: In the economic argument of exchange rate regimes (one of the most divisive issues among economists), the "Journal" has a tendency to support fixed exchange rates over floating exchange rates.


title: The Wall Street Journal

text: The "Journal" editorial pages and columns, run separately from the news pages, have a conservative bent and are highly influential in establishment conservative circles. Despite this, the "Journal" refrains from endorsing candidates and has not endorsed a candidate since 1928.


title: The Wall Street Journal

text: The "Journal" editorial page has been seen as critical of many aspects of Barack Obama's presidency. In particular, it has been a prominent critic of the Affordable Care Act legislation passed in 2010, and has featured many opinion columns attacking various aspects of the bill. The "Journal" editorial page has also criticized the Obama administration's energy policies and foreign policy.


title: The Wall Street Journal

text: On October 25, 2017, the editorial board called for Special Counsel Robert Mueller to resign from the investigation into Russian interference in the 2016 United States elections and accused Hillary Clinton's 2016 presidential campaign of colluding with Russia. In December 2017, the editorial board repeated its calls for Mueller's resignation. The editorials by the editorial board caused fractures within "The Wall Street Journal", as reporters say that the editorials undermine the paper's credibility.


title: The Wall Street Journal

text: In October 2021, the editorial board let former President Donald Trump publish a letter in the editorial pages of the paper. The news sources described the contents of the letter as false and debunked claims about the 2020 presidential election. In response to criticism of the "Journal"'s decision to publish the letter, the editorial board said the criticism was "cancel-culture pressure".


title: The Wall Street Journal

text: The "Journal" editorial pages were described as a "forum for climate change denial" in 2011 due to columns that attacked climate scientists and accused them of engaging in fraud. A 2011 study found that the "Journal" was alone among major American print news media in how, mainly in its editorial pages, it adopted a false balance that overplayed the uncertainty in climate science or denied anthropogenic climate change altogether. That year, the Associated Press described the "Journal"<nowiki>'</nowiki>s editorial pages as "a place friendly to climate change skeptics". In 2013, the editorial board and other opinion writers vocally criticized President Obama's plan to address climate change, mostly without mentioning climate science. A 2015 study found "The Wall Street Journal" was the newspaper that was least likely to present negative effects of global warming among several newspapers. It was also the most likely to present negative economic framing when discussing climate change mitigation policies, tending to take the stance that the cost of such policies generally outweighs their benefit.


title: The Wall Street Journal

text: Climate Feedback, a fact-checking website on media coverage of climate science, determined that multiple opinion articles range between "low" and "very low" in terms of scientific credibility. The Partnership for Responsible Growth stated in 2016 that 14% of the guest editorials on climate change presented the results of "mainstream climate science", while the majority did not. The Partnership also determined that none of the 201 editorials concerning climate change that were published in "The Wall Street Journal" since 1997 conceded that the burning of fossil fuels is the main cause of climate change.


title: The Wall Street Journal

text: In the 1980s and 1990s, the "Journal" published numerous columns opposing and misrepresenting the scientific consensus on the harms of second-hand smoke, acid rain, and ozone depletion, in addition to public policy efforts to curb pesticides and asbestos. The "Journal" later recognized that efforts to curb acid rain through cap-and-trade had been successful, a decade after the Clean Air Act Amendments.


title: The Wall Street Journal

text: Its reporting has been described as "small-c conservatism".<ref name="Smith_10/25/2020"></ref> Some of the "Journal" former reporters claim that the paper has adopted a more conservative tone since Rupert Murdoch's purchase.


title: The Wall Street Journal

text: The "Journal"s editors stress the independence and impartiality of their reporters. According to CNN in 2007, the "Journal"'s "newsroom staff has a reputation for non-partisan reporting." Ben Smith of the "New York Times" described the "Journal"'s news reporting as "small-c [conservative]", and noted that its readership leans further to the right than other major newspapers.


title: The Wall Street Journal

text: In a 2004 study, Tim Groseclose and Jeffrey Milyo argue the "Journal" news pages have a pro-liberal bias because they more often quote liberal think tanks. They calculated the ideological attitude of news reports in 20 media outlets by counting the frequency they cited particular think tanks and comparing that to the frequency that legislators cited the same think tanks. They found that the news reporting of the "Journal" was the most liberal (more liberal than NPR or "The New York Times"). The study did not factor in editorials. Mark Liberman criticized the model used to calculate bias in the study and argued that the model unequally affected liberals and conservatives and that "the model starts with a very peculiar assumption about the relationship between political opinion and the choice of authorities to cite." The authors assume that "think tank ideology ... only matters to liberals."


title: The Wall Street Journal

text: The company's planned and eventual acquisition by News Corp in 2007 led to significant media criticism and discussion


title: The Wall Street Journal

text: about whether the news pages would exhibit a rightward slant under Rupert Murdoch. An August 1, 2007 editorial responded to the questions by asserting that Murdoch intended to "maintain the values and integrity of the "Journal"".


title: The Wall Street Journal

text: In 2016 and 2017, the "Journal" leadership under Baker came under fire from critics, both from the outside and from within the newsroom, who viewed the paper's coverage of President Donald Trump as too timid. Particularly controversial was the "Journal"s November 2016 front-page headline that repeated Trump's false claim that "millions of people" had voted illegally in the election, only noting that the statement was "without corroboration".


title: The Wall Street Journal

text: Also controversial was a January 2017 note from Baker to "Journal" editors, directing them to avoid using the phrase "seven majority-Muslim countries" when writing about Trump's executive order on travel and immigration; Baker later sent a follow-up note "clarifying that there was 'no ban'" on the phrase, "but that the publication should 'always be careful that this term is not offered as the only description of the countries covered under the ban.'"


title: The Wall Street Journal

text: At a town-hall-style meeting with Journal staff in February 2017, Baker defended the paper's coverage, saying that it was objective and protected the paper from being "dragged into the political process" through a dispute with the Trump administration.


title: The Wall Street Journal

text: A 2018 survey conducted by Gallup and the Knight Foundation found that "The Wall Street Journal" was considered the third most-accurate and fourth most-unbiased news organization among the general public, tenth among Democrats, and second among Republicans.


title: The Wall Street Journal

text: On February 19, 2020, China announced the revoking of the press credentials of three "Wall Street Journal" reporters based in Beijing. China accused the paper of failing to apologize for publishing articles that criticized China's efforts to fight the COVID-19 pandemic, and failing to investigate and punish those responsible.


title: The Wall Street Journal

text: In June 2020, following the murder of George Floyd and subsequent protests, journalists at the "Journal" sent a letter to editor in chief Matt Murray demanding changes to the way the paper covers race, policing and finance. The reporters stated that they "frequently meet resistance when trying to reflect the accounts and voices of workers, residents or customers, with some editors voicing heightened skepticism of those sources’ credibility compared with executives, government officials or other entities".


title: The Wall Street Journal

text: The "Journal" has won 38 Pulitzer Prizes in its history. Staff journalists who led some of the newspaper's best-known coverage teams have later published books that summarized and extended their reporting.


title: The Wall Street Journal

text: In 1987, a bidding war ensued between several financial firms for tobacco and food giant RJR Nabisco. Bryan Burrough and John Helyar documented the events in more than two dozen "Journal" articles. Burrough and Helyar later used these articles as the basis of a bestselling book, "", which was turned into a film for HBO.


title: The Wall Street Journal

text: In the 1980s, then-"Journal" reporter James B. Stewart brought national attention to the illegal practice of insider trading. He was awarded the Pulitzer Prize in explanatory journalism in 1988, which he shared with Daniel Hertzberg, who went on to serve as the paper's senior deputy managing editor before resigning in 2009. Stewart expanded on this theme in his 1991 book, "Den of Thieves".


title: The Wall Street Journal

text: David Sanford, a Page One features editor who was infected with HIV in 1982 in a bathhouse, wrote a front-page personal account of how, with the assistance of improved treatments for HIV, he went from planning his death to planning his retirement. He and six other reporters wrote about the new treatments, political and economic issues, and won the 1997 Pulitzer Prize for National Reporting about AIDS.


title: The Wall Street Journal

text: Jonathan Weil, a reporter at the Dallas bureau of "The Wall Street Journal", is credited with first breaking the story of financial abuses at Enron in September 2000. Rebecca Smith and John R. Emshwiller reported on the story regularly, and wrote a book, "24 Days". In October 2021, the "Journal" released Bad Bets, a podcast that recounted the papers reporting on Enron.


title: The Wall Street Journal

text: The "Journal" claims to have sent the first news report, on the Dow Jones wire, of a plane crashing into the World Trade Center on September 11, 2001. Its headquarters, at One World Financial Center, was severely damaged by the collapse of the World Trade Center just across the street. Top editors worried that they might miss publishing the first issue for the first time in the paper's 112-year history. They relocated to a makeshift office at an editor's home, while sending most of the staff to Dow Jones's South Brunswick Township, New Jersey, corporate campus, where the paper had established emergency editorial facilities soon after the 1993 World Trade Center bombing. The paper was on the stands the next day, albeit in scaled-down form. Perhaps the most compelling story in that day's edition was a first-hand account of the Twin Towers' collapse written by then-Foreign Editor John Bussey, who holed up in a ninth-floor Journal office, literally in the shadow of the towers, from where he phoned in live reports to CNBC as the towers burned. He narrowly escaped serious injury when the first tower collapsed, shattering all the windows in the "Journal" offices and filling them with dust and debris. The "Journal" won a 2002 Pulitzer Prize in Breaking News Reporting for that day's stories.


title: The Wall Street Journal

text: The "Journal" subsequently conducted a worldwide investigation of the causes and significance of 9/11, using contacts it had developed while covering business in the Arab world. In Kabul, Afghanistan, a reporter from "The Wall Street Journal" bought a pair of looted computers that Al Qaeda leaders had used to plan assassinations, chemical and biological attacks, and mundane daily activities. The encrypted files were decrypted and translated. It was during this coverage that terrorists kidnapped and killed "Journal" reporter Daniel Pearl.


title: The Wall Street Journal

text: In 2007, the paper won the Pulitzer Prize for Public Service, with its iconic gold medal, for exposing companies that illegally backdate stock options they awarded executives to increase their value.


title: The Wall Street Journal

text: A report published on September 30, 2010, detailing allegations McDonald's had plans to drop health coverage for hourly employees drew criticism from McDonald's as well as the Obama administration. "The Wall Street Journal" reported the plan to drop coverage stemmed from new health care requirements under the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act. McDonald's called the report "speculative and misleading", stating they had no plans to drop coverage. "The Wall Street Journal" report and subsequent rebuttal received coverage from several other media outlets.


title: The Wall Street Journal

text: In 2015, a report published by "The Journal" alleged that up to US$700 million was wired from 1MDB, a Malaysian state investment company, to the personal accounts of Malaysia Prime Minister Najib Razak at AmBank, the fifth largest lender in Malaysia. Razak responded by threatening to sue the New York-based newspaper. The Journal's reporting on the 1MDB scandal was a finalist for the 2016 Pulitzer Prize in international reporting.


title: The Wall Street Journal

text: The report prompted some governmental agencies in Malaysia to conduct an investigation into the allegation. On July 28, 2020, Najib Razak was found guilty on seven charges in the 1MDB scandal. He was sentenced to 12 years in prison.


title: The Wall Street Journal

text: In 2015, a report written by the "Journal" John Carreyrou alleged that blood testing company Theranos' technology was faulty and founder Elizabeth Holmes was misleading investors. According to "Vanity Fair", "a damning report published in "The Wall Street Journal" had alleged that the company was, in effect, a sham—that its vaunted core technology was actually faulty and that Theranos administered almost all of its blood tests using competitors' equipment." The "Journal" has subsequently published several more reports questioning Theranos' and Holmes' credibility. In May 2018, Carreyrou released a book about Theranos, "", which met with critical success (and was compared to Stewart's "Den of Thieves"). The following month, the U.S. Attorney for the Northern District of California announced the indictment of Holmes on wire fraud and conspiracy charges in relation to her role as CEO of Theranos. Holmes was found guilty on four of the eleven original charges in January 2022.


title: The Wall Street Journal

text: Rupert Murdoch—at the time a major investor in Theranos and owner of the "Journal"—lost approximately $100 million in his investments in Theranos.