title: Assassin's Creed IV: Black Flag

text: As is the case in previous "Assassin's Creed" games, the story is divided into two intertwined halves, with one set in the present day and the other in a historical setting. Although the present-day story had previously established that an Animus was required to view one's ancestors memories, the ending of "Assassin's Creed III" reveals that Abstergo can now view a host's genetic memories simply by sequencing the host's DNA. As such, the unseen player character is hired by Abstergo Entertainment to investigate a pivotal character in Desmond Miles' ancestry, Edward Kenway. A notorious pirate and privateer operating during the Golden Age of Piracy, Kenway's story is set in the Caribbean, and mixes open-ended ship-based exploration with combat and land-based adventures in Cuba and Jamaica, and on a number of Caribbean islands, parts of southern Florida and eastern Mexico.


title: Assassin's Creed IV: Black Flag

text: In 2013, months after Desmond Miles' sacrifice in "Assassin's Creed III", samples taken from Desmond's body allow Abstergo Industries to continue exploring his genetic memories with the Animus' newfound cloud computing abilities. The unnamed player character is hired by Abstergo Entertainment, a subsidiary of Abstergo, to examine the memories of Desmond's ancestor Edward Kenway, a famous eighteenth-century pirate. Ostensibly, this is to gather material for an Animus-powered interactive feature film. In reality, Abstergo—the Templars of the present time—are searching for a First Civilization structure known as the Observatory in Edward's memories.


title: Assassin's Creed IV: Black Flag

text: As Edward, the player unravels a conspiracy between high-ranking Templars within the British and Spanish empire. Under the guise of cleaning up piracy in the Caribbean, they have used their positions to locate the Sage—later identified as Bartholomew Roberts (Oliver Milburn)—the only man that can lead them to the Observatory. It can monitor anyone anywhere in the world when provided a blood sample, which they intend to use to spy on and blackmail world leaders. Edward inadvertently becomes involved when he kills a rogue Assassin, Duncan Walpole. Seeing an opportunity for profit, Edward takes Walpole's place at a meeting of Templars in Havana, and meets Woodes Rogers (Shaun Dingwall) and Cuban Governor and Templar Grandmaster Laureano Torres (Conrad Pla). His recklessness endangers the Assassin Brotherhood, prompting him to pursue the Sage and the conspirators from the Yucatán Peninsula to Jamaica, eventually catching Roberts on the island of Príncipe off of the West African coast.


title: Assassin's Creed IV: Black Flag

text: Meanwhile, a band of notorious pirates—including Blackbeard, Benjamin Hornigold, Mary Read (under the alias "James Kidd") and Charles Vane—dream of a pirate utopia where man is free to live beyond the reach of rulers. With Edward's help, they seize control of Nassau and establish a pirate republic. However, poor governance, the lack of an economy, and an outbreak of disease bring the republic close to collapse, with the founders divided. Edward attempts to resolve the dispute but is too late to stop the Templars from exploiting the situation, resulting in Blackbeard being killed by the British following his retirement, Hornigold joining the Templars, and Vane going insane after Jack Rackham's mutiny.


title: Assassin's Creed IV: Black Flag

text: Eventually, Edward and Roberts uncover the location of the Observatory and retrieve the artifact powering it. Roberts betrays Edward, and the British arrest him. He is imprisoned, but escapes when Ah Tabai (Octavio Solorio), the Assassin Mentor, infiltrates the prison to rescue Mary Read and Anne Bonny. Mary soon dies in the aftermath of childbirth, and a disheartened Edward decides to join the Brotherhood. Chasing down and eliminating Roberts and the Templar conspirators, Edward retrieves the artifact and returns it to the Observatory, sealing it away. He receives a letter informing him of the passing of his wife and the imminent arrival of his hitherto unknown daughter, Jennifer Scott. Edward returns to England, promising Ah Tabai that he will continue fighting the Templars. Years later, Edward attends "The Beggar's Opera" at the Royal Opera House with Jennifer and his son Haytham.


title: Assassin's Creed IV: Black Flag

text: In the present, John Standish, Abstergo Entertainment's information technology manager, persuades the player to investigate what their employers are trying to hide from them. Under John's guidance, they hack several Animus terminals and deliver the information to Shaun Hastings (Danny Wallace) and Rebecca Crane (Eliza Schneider), undercover Assassins who have infiltrated Abstergo. When the facility is locked down after the hacks are discovered, John instructs the player to access the Animus' core, at which point Juno (Nadia Verrucci) materializes into an incorporeal form. She reveals that the world is not ready for her yet, and that she is unable to possess the player as her agents intended. John is revealed as the reincarnated Sage and attempts to murder the player to cover up Juno's failed resurrection, but is killed by Abstergo's security, implicating him as responsible for the hacks. During his time as Roberts, the Sage admits to Edward that he owes no allegiance to the Assassins or the Templars and instead uses whoever represents his best chance of achieving his ends. With the Sage dead, the player is contacted by the Assassins, but neither side is able to explain the Sage's presence or identify his followers, the Instruments of the First Will.


title: Assassin's Creed IV: Black Flag

text: In early February 2013, during its quarterly financial call to investors, Ubisoft CEO Yves Guillemot confirmed that the next "Assassin's Creed" game, due for release some time before April 2014, would feature a new hero, time period, and development team. On February 28, 2013, Ubisoft posted their first promotional picture and cover for their next "Assassin's Creed" game, following leaked marketing material days before. It announced the title of the game as "Assassin's Creed IV: Black Flag" and featured an unnamed character holding a flintlock and a sword with a black flag in the background containing the Assassin's symbol with a skull. A reported glitch on the official "Assassin's Creed IV" website suggested the game will release on next-gen consoles and October 29 as the release date, which was confirmed by the first trailer for the game, released on March 4, 2013 (originally leaked on March 2, 2013, but was quickly pulled by Ubisoft).


title: Assassin's Creed IV: Black Flag

text: "Assassin's Creed IV: Black Flag" was announced with a cinematic trailer on March 4, 2013. Development began in mid-2011 at Ubisoft Montreal by a separate team from the one on "Assassin's Creed III", with additional work done by Ubisoft studios in Annecy, Bucharest, Kyiv, Milan, Montpellier, Singapore and Sofia.


title: Assassin's Creed IV: Black Flag

text: Lead content manager Carsten Myhill stressed away from the sentiment that the sequel should have been a spin-off in the same vein as "" or "", given the ostensible similarities with "Assassin's Creed III". He stated "The whole feeling of the game is completely fresh and new. It will feel very different from "Assassin's Creed III". I think it completely warrants the "Assassin's Creed IV" moniker, not only with the new name and setting but the attitude and the tone of the experience." "Assassin's Creed IV" is the first main series numbered title to carry a subtitle, a decision which Myhill says was made to clearly distinguish the pirate theme from the rest of the franchise.


title: Assassin's Creed IV: Black Flag

text: By utilizing the AnvilNext engine, the development team is able to work with one engine for both the next-gen and current-gen versions of the game, as the AnvilNext engine was designed with next-gen capabilities in mind, while still working on current-gen systems. In addition, each system will have their own intricacies and feature sets, with support for the different controllers and utilizing features specific to each console. The PC version supports Nvidia's TXAA.


title: Assassin's Creed IV: Black Flag

text: In November 2013, Ubisoft financed the exhumation of the remains of the Spanish corsair Amaro Pargo with the aim of reconstructing his face for a possible appearance in "Assassin's Creed IV: Black Flag". This exhumation led to important discoveries on the physiognomy of this mythical corsair.


title: Assassin's Creed IV: Black Flag

text: "Assassin's Creed IV: Black Flag (Original Game Soundtrack)" was composed by American composer Brian Tyler, who also composed the soundtrack of the previous Ubisoft title "Far Cry 3". Additional compositions and arrangements were provided by Sarah Schachner, Omar Fadel, Steve Davis, Mike Kramer, Jeremy Lamb, Matthew Llewellyn, and Robert Lydecker. The soundtrack was released on Amazon MP3 and iTunes on October 14, 2013. Two other soundtracks have also been released:


title: Assassin's Creed IV: Black Flag

text: The score to the "Freedom Cry" DLC was composed by French composer Olivier Deriviere. It was recorded at Avatar Studios in New York with La Troupe Makandal, a dedicated group for Haitian music, and at Galaxy Studios in Belgium with the Brussels Philharmonic.


title: Assassin's Creed IV: Black Flag

text: "Assassin's Creed IV: Black Flag" was released worldwide for PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360 on October 29, 2013, while the Wii U was released on October 29, 2013, in North America, November 21, 2013 in Australia, November 22, 2013, in Europe and November 28, 2013, in Japan. The Wii U version in Europe was delayed from its original November 1, 2013 release date. It was announced on March 1, 2013, that the game will also come to the PlayStation 4, and on May 21 that it will release on the Xbox One. Both versions were launch titles, with the PlayStation 4 version releasing on November 15 and 29, 2013 in North America and Europe, respectively, and November 22, 2013, worldwide for Xbox One.


title: Assassin's Creed IV: Black Flag

text: Ubisoft partnered with Sony to bring exclusive content to the PlayStation 3 and PlayStation 4 versions of the game, including three missions featuring the protagonist of "", Aveline de Grandpré (Amber Goldfarb) . The "Aveline" expansion, which was written by "Liberation" writer Jill Murray, picks up after the conclusion of her story in "Liberation". The content is also available on the PC platform, through the Uplay Gold Edition.


title: Assassin's Creed IV: Black Flag

text: On June 21, 2013, it was announced that the Microsoft Windows version had been delayed "a few weeks" from its intended release of October 29, 2013. Its new release dates were later revealed to be November 19, 2013, in North America and November 22, 2013, in Europe. Lead designer Jean-Sebastien Decant explained that the delay was caused by the team working on the "master version" first, making sure it works and then proceeding to the other versions. For "Black Flag", the PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360 version was the master, before the team adapted it to the other consoles.


title: Assassin's Creed IV: Black Flag

text: On October 31, 2013, Ubisoft announced that the Uplay Passport requirement would be removed from "Assassin's Creed IV" and all future games. Uplay Passport came with all new copies of the game and was required for accessing multiplayer and Edward's Fleet minigame. Owners of used copies could download Uplay Passport for a fee before the removal.


title: Assassin's Creed IV: Black Flag

text: A Japanese manga adaptation of the game, written by Takashi Yano and illustrated by Kenji Oiwa, began serialization in Shueisha's "Jump X" magazine on August 10, 2013. The manga however contradicts many parts of the game's actual storyline, despite the manga being an adaptation of the game.


title: Assassin's Creed IV: Black Flag

text: On October 8, 2013, Ubisoft announced that a Season Pass would be available for purchase at the launch of the game on PlayStation 3, PlayStation 4, Xbox 360, Xbox One and PC, and would include a single-player story expansion, titled "Freedom Cry", and the "Kraken Ship" pack featuring elements to personalize the "Jackdaw", as well as additional single-player and multiplayer elements.


title: Assassin's Creed IV: Black Flag

text: "Freedom Cry" sees the player take on the role of Adéwalé, a freed slave from Trinidad who became Edward Kenway's quartermaster and later a member of the Assassin Brotherhood during the events of "Black Flag". It takes place thirteen years after the ending of "Black Flag", by which point Adéwalé has been well-trained in the Assassins' ways. While disrupting Templar operations in the Caribbean, Adéwalé finds himself shipwrecked in Saint-Domingue, where he comes face-to-face with some of the most brutal slavery practices in the West Indies. The story is written by Jill Murray, who also wrote "". In February 2014, it was announced that "Freedom Cry" would be released as a standalone title on the PlayStation 3 and PlayStation 4 on February 18, 2014, for North America and February 19, 2014, for Europe. It was later released for the PC on February 25, 2014.


title: Assassin's Creed IV: Black Flag

text: "Blackbeard's Wrath" and "Guild of Rogues" both introduce three new characters to "Black Flag"s multiplayer mode; the former adds Blackbeard, The Jaguar and The Orchid, while the latter features The Shaman, The Siren, and The Stowaway. "Blackbeard's Wrath" is included in the Season Pass.


title: Assassin's Creed IV: Black Flag

text: Upon the game's original release, the PlayStation 3 and PlayStation 4 versions contained an exclusive DLC, "Aveline", also written by Jill Murray. It follows the titular protagonist of "Assassin's Creed III: Liberation" in a new adventure set years after that game's events. It was later made available on PC, in the "Uplay Digital Deluxe Edition" and "Jackdaw Edition", and on the Nintendo Switch as part of the "Rebel Collection". The game was ported to Google Stadia on September 14, 2021.


title: Assassin's Creed IV: Black Flag

text: A Game of The Year version, called the "Jackdaw Edition", was released in the UK for sale exclusively on Amazon.com. It was later made available for Xbox One, PlayStation 4 and PC. The edition includes all previously released downloadable content. No comparable editions were created for territories outside of the UK.


title: Assassin's Creed IV: Black Flag

text: "Assassin's Creed IV: Black Flag" received "generally favorable" reviews, according to review aggregator Metacritic, with critics praising the open world gameplay, side-quests, graphics and naval combat. In November 2013, "Hardcore Gamer" ranked "Black Flag" as the 70th greatest game of the seventh generation era.


title: Assassin's Creed IV: Black Flag

text: "Black Flag" was generally praised as superior to "Assassin's Creed III", with "Game Informer"s Joe Juba noting that Ubisoft responded to criticisms the previous game faced and rectified them. CVG's Matt Gilman called the game "a return to form for the franchise," while Mikel Reparaz of "Official Xbox Magazine" stated that "After weathering the somewhat diminishing returns of "" and "ACIII", "Black Flag" is exactly the shot in the arm "Assassin's Creed" needed." Two days after its release, "IGN" ranked "Black Flag" as the 2nd best game in the "Assassin's Creed" series, only behind "Assassin's Creed II".


title: Assassin's Creed IV: Black Flag

text: Several reviewers directed heavy acclaim to the game's open world structure, with the "Edge" staff declaring that "Black Flag" "sets new benchmarks not only for Ubisoft's series but for open-world gaming." "Eurogamer"s Tom Bramwell called the open world gameplay "a surprising breath of fresh sea air," with Gilman stating it "revitalizes the series." The large scale of the open world was praised, with Greg Tito of "The Escapist" saying that the game "opens up the whole Caribbean." Reviewers also praised the game's side-quests and collectibles, as it actively encouraged the player to explore the open world, with "GameSpot"s Shaun McInnis saying that ""Black Flag" presents a world full of adventure and opportunity and full of reasons to go exploring." The side-quests were generally agreed to be superior to the main missions, with "IGN"s Marty Sliva stating that ""Black Flag" is at its best [when you] set out in search of your own fun." The assassination side-missions were particularly praised. The seamless exploration between ship, land, and sea without loading was also praised.


title: Assassin's Creed IV: Black Flag

text: The graphics were also widely acclaimed. The "Edge" staff stated that "From a graphical standpoint, "Black Flag"'s world is built to amaze regardless of which console generation you're playing it on." Reviewers praised the game's open world as "beautiful" and "gorgeous;" Sliva called "Black Flag" "one of the best looking games of 2013." The game's level of detail was also acclaimed, with the open world's water, rain and sea, being cited as "amazing" to look at.


title: Assassin's Creed IV: Black Flag

text: The game's naval combat system drew much praise. Reviewers noted that the naval combat was "Assassin's Creed III"s best feature, and consequently praised "Black Flag" for improving on it. Tito explained that, while "Assassin's Creed III"s naval missions were linear and limited, "Black Flag" offered the player much greater freedom by allowing them to explore, fight or sail whenever they wanted. McInnis said that the game "places a huge emphasis on naval combat," and stated that it "builds on "ACIII"s naval side missions to create an experience every bit as important as running around on dry land." The naval combat received praise for its additions of boarding ships and attacking forts, as well as the seamless transitions between ship and sword gameplay, with Tito calling it "a great dual system that rewards both skill in naval combat, and [in] pirate action."


title: Assassin's Creed IV: Black Flag

text: The stealth in the game was praised for being more flexible than previous games by allowing the player more options to accomplish their goals. The "Edge" staff said that "Stealth games are only as good as the flexibility of their encounters, and in that regard "Black Flag" is the most generous "Assassin's Creed" game to date." However, some also criticized the stealth for being frustrating, due to its clunky and poorly defined controls. Reviewers noted that fighting as Edward was similar to previous games, with some criticizing it for being monotonous, too easy, and lacking nuance. However, it was also praised for being "an effective and violent power trip," and for being "fluid and lively." Some also complained about the enemy A.I. for lacking intelligence. The simplified crafting system was praised for improving over "Assassin's Creed III"s, with reviewers noting it took inspiration from "Far Cry 3".


title: Assassin's Creed IV: Black Flag

text: The story received a positive response overall. Reparaz praised it as "engrossing" and one of the "Assassin's Creed" series' best. Reparaz and McInnis also complimented the characters, and praised the way the story explores the human side of pirates, painting them in a sympathetic and relatable light. Bramwell felt that the story "flourishes," particularly praising the supporting characters and Edward's character arc. "PlayStation Official Magazine"s Joel Gregory felt that "Black Flag"s storyline was nothing unique for the series, though he praised the characters as "far more interesting, more likable, and more varied" than previous games. While he praised the story's first half, Gilman was more critical of the latter half, adding that its flawed pacing and structure resulted in player apathy towards the characters. Both Sliva and Juba also criticized the main story, with Juba complaining about its lack of purpose, or a compelling antagonist, and felt that most of the supporting characters were underdeveloped.


title: Assassin's Creed IV: Black Flag

text: The story missions had a mixed reception. Reparaz, who gave the game high praise, felt that they were the weakest aspect of "Black Flag". Juba and "VideoGamer.com" Steven Burns both felt that most of the story missions were repetitive and tiring. Tito, however, felt that they were varied, and that the frustrating portions compensated by being challenging. One particular aspect that received heavy criticism from most reviewers were the eavesdropping and tailing missions, with several noting that these problems should have been fixed or removed entirely from the series. The tailing objectives were also extended to ship/sea missions, with reviewers also criticizing this form of naval stealth. The game's pacing and opening were praised, as it introduced the pirate gameplay without the need of an overly long tutorial, with Juba noting it an improvement over "Assassin's Creed III".


title: Assassin's Creed IV: Black Flag

text: Several reviewers labelled "Black Flag" a more pirate game than it is an "Assassin's Creed" one, due to its heavy focusing on pirating in gameplay, story, and characters. Reviewers felt that it was better for the game; they praised "Black Flag"s more light-hearted fare and tone compared to previous games, while also believing the game wisely avoided the usual convoluted "Assassin's" plot in favor of a simplistic pirate story. Gilman stated that ""Black Flag" is a better pirate game than it is an assassin game," with "PC Gamer"s Tom Senior remarking that ""Black Flag" doesn't really want to be an "Assassin's Creed" game, and [...] that is a welcome move." Reparaz called it the greatest pirate game he had ever played, while "Electronic Gaming Monthly"s Ray Carsillo declared "Black Flag" to be "probably the best pirate simulation in gaming history." Tito stated that "Black Flag"s gameplay reminded him more of a 3D version of "Sid Meier's Pirates!" than any "Assassin's Creed" game. Edward Kenway's character as a self-motivated pirate rather than an Assassin was also praised by most. Sliva believed that Edward's character was a "refreshing change of pace from a series that had started to take itself a bit too seriously," while he and Gilman stated that Edward was a "livelier" and more "palatable" protagonist than "Assassin's Creed III"s Connor.


title: Assassin's Creed IV: Black Flag

text: In April 2020, "Game Informer" ranked the game as the fourth best game in the "Assassin's Creed" series to date.


title: Assassin's Creed IV: Black Flag

text: During the first week of sales in the United Kingdom, "Assassin's Creed IV: Black Flag" became the best-selling game on all available formats, ahead of "Battlefield 4". However, the game's opening week sales were 60% down compared to 2012's "Assassin's Creed III". Ubisoft blamed the fall in demand on uncertainty caused by the upcoming transition to eighth generation consoles. According to NPD Group figures, "Assassin's Creed IV: Black Flag" was the third best-selling game of November 2013 in the United States, only behind "" and "Battlefield 4". In May 2014, Ubisoft announced that the game had shipped over 11 million copies.


title: Assassin's Creed IV: Black Flag

text: "Assassin's Creed IV: Black Flag" has received Game of the Year nominations from media outlets Cheat Code Central, GameSpot, and the Inside Gaming Awards, It won the Spike VGX 2013 award for Best Action Adventure Game, and the GameSpot awards for PS4 Game of the Year and Xbox One Game of the Year.


title: Assassin's Creed IV: Black Flag

text: Writers Jill Murray, Melissa MacCoubrey, Hugo Giard and Wesley Pincombe received a Writers Guild of America Awards nomination in the 67th edition for the screenplay and story of "Freedom Cry".


title: Assassin's Creed IV: Black Flag

text: The People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA), an animal rights organization criticized "Assassin's Creed IV: Black Flag" for the usage of harpoons and "glorification" of whaling. The organization said it was disgraceful that the video game industry didn't condemn the addition. Ubisoft responded to the claims by saying that "Assassin's Creed" is based on history and is a "work of fiction which depicts real events during the Golden Era of Pirates". Ubisoft claimed they do not condone whaling, along with other mechanics and features in the series.


title: Assassin's Creed IV: Black Flag

text: PETA has had a history of criticising video games, some of the notable cases being Mario and Pokémon.


title: Assassin's Creed IV: Black Flag

text: "Assassin's Creed Unity", set in Paris on the eve of the French Revolution, was released worldwide on PlayStation 4, Xbox One and Windows on November 11, 2014.


title: Assassin's Creed IV: Black Flag

text: "Assassin's Creed Rogue" is a sequel to "Black Flag", which bridges the gap between it and "Assassin's Creed III"; it also loosely ties into "Unity". Set during the French and Indian War in North America, the narrative features several returning characters from both "Black Flag" and "III", including Haytham Kenway and Adéwalé. It was released worldwide on PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360 on November 11, 2014, and on Windows on March 10, 2015. A remastered version was later released for PlayStation 4 and Xbox One on March 20, 2018, and for Nintendo Switch on December 6, 2019, as part of "The Rebel Collection" alongside "Black Flag".


title: Assassin's Creed IV: Black Flag

text: A planned multiplayer expansion had been in development for "Assassin's Creed IV" to expand out the naval battles in the game by Ubisoft Singapore. As work progressed, Ubisoft planned to make this a standalone game, initially titled "Black Flag Infinite" before renaming it to "Skull and Bones". While the game was announced in 2017 and planned to ship in late 2018, the game has seen many delays, and as of July 2021, is slated to be released sometime before March 2023.


title: Robert Carlyle

text: Robert Carlyle (born 14 April 1961) is a Scottish actor. His film work includes "Trainspotting" (1996), "The Full Monty" (1997), "The World Is Not Enough" (1999), "Angela's Ashes" (1999), "The Beach" (2000), "28 Weeks Later" (2007), and "Yesterday" (2019). He has been in the television shows "Hamish Macbeth", "Stargate Universe", and "Once Upon a Time". He won the BAFTA Award for Best Actor in a Leading Role for "The Full Monty" and a Gemini Award for "Stargate Universe", and was nominated for an Emmy Award for his work in "Human Trafficking" (2005).


title: Robert Carlyle

text: Carlyle was born on 14 April 1961 in Maryhill, Glasgow, the son of Elizabeth, a bus company employee, and Joseph Carlyle, a painter and decorator. He was raised by his father after his mother left when Carlyle was four years old. He left school at the age of 16 without any qualifications and worked for his father as a painter and decorator. He later attended night classes at Cardonald College in Glasgow.


title: Robert Carlyle

text: Carlyle became involved in drama at the Glasgow Arts Centre at the age of 21 (having been inspired by reading Arthur Miller's "The Crucible"), and subsequently graduated from the Royal Scottish Academy of Music and Drama (RSAMD). In 1991, he and four friends founded a theatre company, Raindog (which was involved in television and film work). The same year he guest starred in "The Bill" and also starred in his first movie, "Riff-Raff", directed by Ken Loach.


title: Robert Carlyle

text: In 1994, he played the gay lover of Father Greg in the film "Priest". Carlyle's first high-profile role came as murderer Albert "Albie" Kinsella in an October 1994 episode of "Cracker" opposite Robbie Coltrane and Christopher Eccleston (notoriously killing off Eccleston's character, DCI David Bilborough). This highly acclaimed role showcased Carlyle's "pure intensity". Shortly after his appearance in "Cracker", he landed the role of Highland policeman Hamish Macbeth in the BBC comedy-drama "Hamish Macbeth". The series ran for three seasons from 1995 to 1997.


title: Robert Carlyle

text: In 1996 and 1997, he appeared in the two highest-profile roles of his career to date: as the psychopathic Francis Begbie in "Trainspotting" and Gaz, the leader of a group of amateur male strippers, in "The Full Monty". The latter earned Carlyle a BAFTA Award for Best Actor in a Leading Role. He also starred with Ray Winstone in the 1997 film "Face". Carlyle played the senior Malachy McCourt (father of author Frank McCourt) in the 1999 film adaptation of McCourt's first memoir, "Angela's Ashes"; the arch villain Renard in the 1999 James Bond film "The World Is Not Enough"; and a cannibalistic soldier in the 1999 "Ravenous".


title: Robert Carlyle

text: Carlyle appeared in the 2002 Oasis music video for "Little By Little". He played Adolf Hitler in the 2003 miniseries "". In 2006 he played the villain Durza in "Eragon". In 2007 Carlyle played one of the main characters in the film "28 Weeks Later". He also played the lead role as a marine engineer attempting to save London from total devastation in the disaster film "Flood". That year he also portrayed Father Joseph Macavoy in the film "The Tournament".


title: Robert Carlyle

text: In 2008 Carlyle narrated a BBC audiobook version of "The Cutting Room". In 2008, he was cast as Dr. Nicholas Rush in the television series "Stargate Universe". His role in the series has been described thus: "As [the team fights] to survive, Dr. Rush (Carlyle) works to unlock the mysteries of the ship and return the group home, but evidence of his ulterior motives soon arises." His was touted by the studio as the "leading role" in "Universe".


title: Robert Carlyle

text: In December 2008, Carlyle appeared in "", a television movie based on the popular TV series "24", starring alongside Kiefer Sutherland.


title: Robert Carlyle

text: In 2009, Carlyle appeared in "The Man Who Walked Around The World," a long-form commercial for Johnnie Walker whisky. Carlyle was shown walking down a path and talking for six minutes in a single long take. The ad took two days to film. The director, Jamie Rafn, afterwards referred to Carlyle as an "utter genius".


title: Robert Carlyle

text: He voices the character of Gabriel Belmont, and his counterpart, Dracula in the video game "", as well as its sequels "" and "".


title: Robert Carlyle

text: From 2011 to 2018, Carlyle portrayed Rumplestiltskin / Mr. Gold in the fantasy-drama television series "Once Upon a Time". The character is a wizard, deal-maker, and master manipulator. In an interview, Carlyle explained that his son inspired him to create Rumplestiltskin's voice.


title: Robert Carlyle

text: In 2019, he portrayed Ogilvy in a three-part television adaption of "The War of the Worlds" for the BBC, and made an uncredited appearance as John Lennon in the film "Yesterday".


title: Robert Carlyle

text: In 2020, he portrayed Robert Sutherland, the Prime Minister and Leader of the Conservative Party in "Cobra".


title: Robert Carlyle

text: Known for his commitment to authenticity in roles, Carlyle has often altered his lifestyle and physical appearance to gain a better understanding of a character; much akin to method acting. Before playing a homeless character in Antonia Bird's "Safe", for example, he went to live in the Waterloo area of London where the film was set. For his role as a bus driver in Ken Loach's "Carla's Song", he passed the test for a PSV licence (a licence to drive a bus with passengers) in a Glasgow Leyland Atlantean bus. Carlyle also had dentistry as part of his preparations for reprising his role as Begbie in "T2 Trainspotting," choosing to have a dental implant and an adjacent tooth that became damaged during the implant's removal, extracted. Writing of Carlyle's performance in "The Full Monty", Andrew Johnston stated: "Carlyle was brilliant as the savage psycho Begbie in "Trainspotting"; here, he proves he can be almost as good when kept on a short leash. We don't know much about Gaz, but he's the most interesting character in the movie, largely because of Carlyle's down-to-earth warmth."


title: Robert Carlyle

text: Carlyle has been married to make-up artist Anastasia Shirley since 1997. They have three children: a daughter born in 2002, and two sons born in 2004 and 2006, respectively. Carlyle is a patron of School for Life in Romania.


title: Uniqlo

text: A Yamaguchi-based company, Ogori Shōji (which, until then, had been operating men's clothing shops called "Men's Shop OS") was founded in March 1949 in Ube, Yamaguchi.


title: Uniqlo

text: On 2 June 1984, it opened a unisex casual wear store in Fukuro-machi, Naka-ku, Hiroshima, under the name "Unique Clothing Warehouse". Initially, the brand was going to be registered as a shortened contraction of "unique clothing". However, in 1988, during administration work in Hong Kong for registering the brand, staff in charge of registration misread the "C" as "Q", and that is how the brand name was born. Tadashi Yanai then changed the store name to "uniqlo" across Japan. In September 1991, the name of the company was changed from "Ogori Shōji" to "Fast Retailing", and by April 1994, there were over 100 Uniqlo stores operating throughout Japan.


title: Uniqlo

text: In 1997, Fast Retailing adopted a set of strategies from American retailer The Gap, known as "SPA" (for specialty-store/retailer of private-label apparel), meaning that they would produce their own clothing and sell it exclusively. They engaged the retail brand consultancy, CIA, Inc./The Brand Architect Group, to guide the company through the realization of this strategy, including consulting on merchandise, visual merchandising and display, store design and a new logo designed by Richard Seireeni and Sy Chen of The Brand Architect Group's Los Angeles office. Uniqlo had begun outsourcing their clothing manufacturing to factories in China where labour was cheap, a well-established corporate practice. Japan was in the depths of a recession at the time, and the low-cost goods proved popular. Their advertising campaigns, clothing quality and new retail layouts also proved fruitful.


title: Uniqlo

text: In November 1998, it opened their first urban Uniqlo store in Tokyo's trendy Harajuku district, and outlets soon spread to major cities throughout Japan. In 2001, sales turnover and gross profit reached a new peak, with over 500 retail stores in Japan. When Uniqlo decided to expand overseas, it separated Uniqlo from the parent company, and established Fast Retailing (Jiangsu) Apparel Co., Ltd. in China. In 2002, their first Chinese Uniqlo outlet was opened in Shanghai along with four overseas outlets in London, England.


title: Uniqlo

text: On 1 November 2005, Fast Retailing transferred the business related to clothing manufacturing and retailing to Sun Road Co., Ltd., a wholly owned subsidiary that operated golf courses through a company split (absorption-type split), and became a holding company. On the same day, Sun Road changed its name to Uniqlo Co., Ltd.


title: Uniqlo

text: 2005 saw more overseas expansion, with stores opening in the United States (New York City), Hong Kong (Tsim Sha Tsui) and South Korea (Seoul), their South Korean expansion being part of a joint venture with Lotte. As of year-end 2005, in addition to its overseas holdings, Uniqlo had around 700 stores within Japan. By 2006, sales were $4 billion. By April 2007, the company had set a global sales goal of $10 billion and a ranking among the top five global retailers, joining what at the time was Gap, H&M, Inditex and Limited Brands.


title: Uniqlo

text: Fast Retailing signed a design consulting contract for Uniqlo products with fashion designer Jil Sander in March 2009. Shiatzy Chen was approached by Uniqlo to produce a capsule collection of ready-to-wear pieces to launch in November 2010, while Asia's largest Uniqlo store outside Japan opened its doors in Kuala Lumpur in the same month.


title: Uniqlo

text: On 2 September 2009, Fast Retailing announced that the company would target annual group sales of 5 trillion yen (approx. US$61.2 billion) and pretax profit from operations of 1 trillion yen (approx. US$12.2 billion) by 2020. This means that the company is aiming to become the world's biggest specialty retailer of private label apparel with a continuous growth rate of 20% per year. The figure breaks down as one trillion yen from Uniqlo's Japan business, three trillion yen from its international business, and one trillion yen from The company's international business target breaks down as one trillion yen in China, one trillion in other Asian countries and one trillion in Europe and the United States.


title: Uniqlo

text: In October 2018, Uniqlo collaborated with designer Alexander Wang to create a line of Heattech layerable basics including tank tops, leggings, underwear and bodysuits.


title: Uniqlo

text: On 3 June 2019, artist and recent Dior Homme collaborator KAWS participed on KAWS x UNIQLO UT. "Perhaps because all the other collections were the subdued Uniqlo trademark, KAWS’s subversive art was able to stand out all the more."


title: Uniqlo

text: In November 2022, Uniqlo opens a new remake and repair service in Tokyo. Re. Uniqlo Repair Studio, offers same day repairs and custom remakes of clothing purchased at Uniqlo. It is open for a trial run until March 31 2023. This was previously introduced at stores in Germany, the UK and US.


title: Uniqlo

text: Uniqlo opened its first Australian store in Melbourne in April 2014. It expanded into Queensland the following year, with the introduction of two shops in Brisbane. Uniqlo opened a shop in Chadstone Shopping Centre in Melbourne, Victoria, the largest shopping centre in the southern hemisphere, in October 2016 when it was redeveloped. There are currently 25 stores in Australia, including in Perth, Brisbane, Melbourne and Sydney. There is also a Uniqlo store in the Eastland Shopping Centre in Ringwood, Victoria.


title: Uniqlo

text: Uniqlo started its first store in Dhaka, Bangladesh, on 5 July 2013. There it is known as Grameen Uniqlo, owing to its social business concept joint venture with Grameen Bank. There are currently 15 stores in Dhaka, one store in Gazipur and one in Narsingdi.


title: Uniqlo

text: The first Belgian Uniqlo store opened in October 2015 at Meir, Antwerp. A second store followed at the Wijnegem Shopping Center on 25 March in the same year. 19 October 2017 saw the opening of a third store in Brussels. There were 4 stores in Belgium as of 31 August 2021.


title: Uniqlo

text: Uniqlo opened their first Canadian store at the Toronto Eaton Centre on 30 September 2016, followed by a second store at the Yorkdale Shopping Centre on 20 October 2016. Measuring at 28,000 and 24,000 square feet, both stores are five times the size of the Muji store that opened in Toronto in 2014. Three new stores in Ontario opened in 2018 at Vaughan Mills, CF Markville and Square One Shopping Centre. Uniqlo opened the new Oshawa location at the Oshawa Centre in March 2019 and opened the new Newmarket location at the Upper Canada Mall in April 2019, bringing the total number of stores in Ontario to seven. A third Canadian store, the first outside of Ontario and the first in Western Canada, opened at Burnaby's Metropolis at Metrotown in October 2017 to be followed by Surrey's Guildford Town Centre and Richmond Centre in Richmond, BC. A new store opened at Coquitlam Centre in Coquitlam, BC on 14 September 2018. A new West Edmonton Mall store opened on 27 September 2019. A location opened on 23 October 2020 at the Montreal Eaton Centre in part of the former Eaton's store (and later Les Ailes de la Mode), the first Uniqlo location in Quebec. There are 14 stores in Canada as of 31 August 2021.


title: Uniqlo

text: Uniqlo entered the Chinese mainland market in 2002. As of August 2021, there were 832 stores in China, including in Beijing, Guangzhou, Chongqing, Chengdu, Nanjing, Ningbo, Shanghai, Shenzhen, Shijia, Tianjin and Xi'an. "Given the population of 1.3 billion, I think we can go for about 3,000 stores," Fast Retailing chief Tadashi Yanai told The Nikkei in 2020, indicating plans to continue opening locations in the world's most populous country.


title: Uniqlo

text: In May 2011, the magazine "Shukan Bunshun" published a story alleging that Uniqlo had forced employees at its stores and factories in China to work long hours for little pay. In response, Uniqlo unsuccessfully sued the weekly's publisher, Bungeishunjū, for ¥220 million for libel.


title: Uniqlo

text: A 2015 online video of a couple having sex in a Beijing Uniqlo store changing room became notorious among Chinese internet users. Chinese police arrested at least five people in connection with the incident, allegedly including the couple and three other disseminators of the video, for having 'severely violated socialist core values'. "The New York Times" noted that the store's exterior had become a popular venue for people to gather and take pictures in sexual poses reminiscent of the video.


title: Uniqlo

text: As of August 2021, there were 23 stores in France. On 17 November 2014, Uniqlo opened its first store in eastern France (and the second store in France outside Greater Paris) in the city of Strasbourg.


title: Uniqlo

text: Uniqlo's German flagship store opened on 11 April 2014 at Tauentzienstraße, Berlin. By 2021 the company operated 10 stores in Germany, 6 of those in Berlin.


title: Uniqlo

text: Uniqlo opened a store in India in October 2019, following the company's announcement about the same on 9 May 2018. The company will set up a wholly owned subsidiary in India.


title: Uniqlo

text: On 22 June 2013, Uniqlo opened its first Indonesian store at Lotte Shopping Avenue, Jakarta. It has 56 stores as of December 2022, spreading east to Balikpapan, Banjarmasin, Denpasar, Makassar, Manado, Mataram, Samarinda, Semarang, Surakarta, Surabaya and Yogyakarta, and west to Batam, Lampung, Medan, Palembang and Pekanbaru. On 9 April 2021, its Indonesian flagship and most iconic store opened at Pondok Indah Mall 3, Jakarta. On 28 October 2022, Uniqlo opened its first roadside store in Indonesia at Heritage Lifestyle Hub in Bandung, West Java, thus became the sixth country outside Japan to get a Uniqlo roadside store.


title: Uniqlo

text: On 4 November 2010, Uniqlo opened its first store in Malaysia, in Fahrenheit 88 located in Bukit Bintang, Kuala Lumpur. As of October 2021, Uniqlo now has 48 outlets located across Malaysia, including an online store. Malaysia became the fifth country outside Japan to get a Uniqlo roadside store. The 15,100-square feet store, located in Bandar Sri Damansara was opened in December 2020.


title: Uniqlo

text: The first Dutch Uniqlo store was opened at the Kalverstraat in Amsterdam on 28 September 2018. The official opening was marred by protests against Uniqlo's unethical business practices in its factory in Jakarta, Indonesia. As of August 2021, a second score was opened at the Grote Marktstraat in The Hague.


title: Uniqlo

text: Uniqlo's first store in the Philippines opened at the SM Mall of Asia on 15 June 2012. On its sixth anniversary, the company opened its flagship store in the country at Glorietta 5 in Makati, it opened on 5 October 2018. The store is the biggest in Southeast Asia.


title: Uniqlo

text: Uniqlo had 60 stores across the Philippines as of October 2019. It has partnered with the SM Group's SM Retail Inc. to bring the brand to the Philippines. As of August 2021, there were 63 stores in Philippines.


title: Uniqlo

text: In October 2022, Uniqlo opened its first Polish store in Warsaw's Junior shopping centre. The store covers 1,500 square meters on two floors.


title: Uniqlo

text: In November 2011, Uniqlo () generated more than 2 billion won ($1.7 million) in one day's sales on 11 November when it opened Asia's largest flagship store in central Seoul. The sales figure was the highest ever set by a fashion outlet in Korea. Uniqlo sales over US$1.2 billion with 150 shops in South Korea. Lotte owns 49% of Uniqlo's Korean subdiary. It currently operates 134. stores in South Korea.


title: Uniqlo

text: On 6 December 2020, the flagship store in Myeong-dong was closed due to low sales from COVID-19 and anti-Japanese protests.


title: Uniqlo

text: As of 2022, Uniqlo had 27 stores in Singapore. Uniqlo opened its first store in Singapore on 9 April 2009 in Tampines 1, which has been closed down on 17 January 2021 and instead, a new store at Tampines Mall was opened on 5 February 2021 and has the similar format as Bugis+, ION Orchard, JEM, Orchard Central and Plaza Singapura which has two floors, one for men and one for women. The first Global Flagship Store opened on 2 September 2016 at Orchard Central replacing 313 @ Somerset. Numerous expansion plans were unveiled in 2020 and Uniqlo ION Orchard and Plaza Singapura, were also heavily expanded and is called "Uniqlotown" for Orchard Road.


title: Uniqlo

text: Uniqlo began operations in Spain in 2016 with its online store, and in September 2017 opened its flagship store in Barcelona (Passeig de Gràcia). It also owns two more stores in Barcelona and one store in Madrid. As of August 2021, there were 5 stores in Spain.


title: Uniqlo

text: Uniqlo opened its first store in Taiwan on 5 October 2010 at Hankyu Department Store in Taipei. Then, on 23 September 2011, Uniqlo opened its sixth flagship store worldwide in Ming Yao Department Store in Taipei, which covers an area of across four floors with 39 fitting rooms and 45 cashier counters. As of June 2022, there are 70 stores in Taiwan.


title: Uniqlo

text: Uniqlo open first store in Thailand on 9 September 2011 at Central World. As of November 2020, there were 53 stores in Thailand.


title: Uniqlo

text: As of 2021, Uniqlo had 15 shops in England. Ambitious expansion plans in the early 2000s were reversed, with 16 shops being closed in 2003, including those in Manchester, Coventry, and Leicester. Uniqlo opened a brand new shop in Manchester on Market Street in April 2019.


title: Uniqlo

text: In September 2005, Uniqlo opened its first United States store in the Menlo Park Mall located in Edison, New Jersey. In November 2006, Uniqlo opened its first global flagship store in the SoHo fashion district of Manhattan, New York City. New fashion designers joined the store's team to boost and rebirth fashion concepts catering to the US market.


title: Uniqlo

text: As part of Fast Retailing's 2020 plan, the company has stated that it plans to generate $10 billion in annual sales in the United States from 200 stores, which will lead to a location in every major U.S. city. This goal was stated when the company's only U.S. presence was its handful of stores in the New York City area, soon after the company began an expansion in the United States.


title: Uniqlo

text: In October 2015, Uniqlo opened its first store in the Midwest with a Chicago store on Michigan Avenue.


title: Uniqlo

text: In October 2019, Uniqlo signed a lease for its first North American distribution center in Phillipsburg, NJ, leasing a space of over 950,000 sq ft. As of August 2021, there were 43 stores in USA.


title: Uniqlo

text: On 17 October 2019, Uniqlo officially arranged the first store in Vietnam, which is expected to open at the end of 2019 in District 1, the center of Ho Chi Minh City. Located on a corner of Le Thanh Ton and Dong Khoi streets, UNIQLO Dong Khoi is located right in front of Parkson Saigon Tourist Plaza, one of the most popular and widely known shopping destinations.


title: Uniqlo

text: In January 2015, a number of labor rights violations were reported at Uniqlo suppliers in China. Uniqlo pledged to remedy the violations.


title: Uniqlo

text: In June 2015, Chinese Uniqlo factory workers were permitted by the Chinese Communist Party regime to demonstrate after a factory closure.


title: Uniqlo

text: In November 2015, investigations into the measures Uniqlo introduced in the wake of the January 2015 revelations found that the remedies had been only partially successful, with significant violations continuing to occur.


title: Uniqlo

text: In October 2016, the report "This Way to Dystopia: Exposing UNIQLO's Abuse of Chinese Garment Workers" by SACOM and War on Want claimed that it was still the case that "excessive overtime, low pay, dangerous working conditions and oppressive management" were common in Uniqlo factories in China and Cambodia.


title: Uniqlo

text: In 2019, a number of Australian workers reported that bullying and harassment is rife, there were "shouting rooms", and a toxic work culture. They claimed they had to work 18-hour days, had to fold seven shirts per minute, and that everyone leaves with "some form of PTSD".


title: Uniqlo

text: Also in 2019, an international Uniqlo advert was uniquely subtitled for the South Korean market in a manner widely perceived there to have trivialized the trauma of comfort women.


title: Uniqlo

text: In January 2021, Uniqlo shirts were blocked at the US border over concerns of violations related to a ban on cotton products produced in the Xinjiang region of China due to reports of forced labour. A protest was filed by Uniqlo's parent company Fast Retailing, but was denied.


title: Uniqlo

text: At the onset of the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, Fast Retailing initially decided to remain in the Russian market, saying that clothing is a "necessity of life". Following backlash, on 10 March 2022 the company announced to stop operating in Russia, citing "a number of difficulties, including operational challenges and the worsening of the conflict situation."


title: Uniqlo

text: Launched in January 2017, "Art for All" was a partnership with New York art dealer and curator Jeffrey Deitch. The project involved selling, for under $100 per item, 65 limited-edition products made by commissioned artists such as Marie Roberts, Starlee Kine and Ken Kagami.


title: Uniqlo

text: The German fashion designer Jil Sander joined Uniqlo in 2009, and was appointed creative director of the brand's menswear and womenswear – as well as launching a new label, +J collection, which won the 2011 Brit Insurance Design Fashion Award.


title: Patricia Krenwinkel

text: Patricia Dianne Krenwinkel (born December 3, 1947) is an American convicted murderer and a former member of the Manson Family. During her time with Manson's group, she was known by various aliases such as Big Patty, Yellow, Marnie Reeves and Mary Ann Scott, but to The Family she was most commonly known as Katie.


title: Patricia Krenwinkel

text: Following the 2009 death of fellow Manson cult member Susan Atkins, Krenwinkel is now the longest-incarcerated female inmate in the California penal system.


title: Patricia Krenwinkel

text: Patricia Krenwinkel was born on December 3, 1947 in Los Angeles, California, to an insurance-salesman father and a homemaker mother. She attended University High School and then Westchester High School, both in the Los Angeles area. Patricia was often bullied at school by other students, suffered from low self-esteem, and was frequently teased for being overweight and for an excessive growth of body hair caused by an endocrine condition.


title: Patricia Krenwinkel

text: After her parents divorced, seventeen-year-old Krenwinkel remained in Los Angeles with her father until she graduated from Westchester High School. For a time she taught Catechism (Roman Catholic religious instruction) and considered becoming a nun. She decided to attend the Jesuit college Spring Hill College in Mobile, Alabama. Within one semester, however, she dropped out and moved back to California. Moving into her half-sister's apartment in Manhattan Beach, she found an office job as a processing clerk.


title: Patricia Krenwinkel

text: She met Charles Manson in Manhattan Beach in 1967, along with Lynette Fromme and Mary Brunner. In later interviews, Krenwinkel stated that she had sex with Manson the first night they met, and that he was the first person who told her she was beautiful. Mesmerized by Manson's charisma and starved for attention, she decided to go to San Francisco with him and the other two girls, leaving behind her apartment, car, and last paycheck.


title: Patricia Krenwinkel

text: As the Manson Family grew, Katie (as Krenwinkel was now known) and the others went on a drug- and sex-filled 18-month tour of the American west in an old school bus. She would later recount an idealized version of The Family's early days: "We were just like wood nymphs and wood creatures. We would run through the woods with flowers in our hair, and Charles would have a small flute". In the summer of 1968, Krenwinkel and fellow Family member Ella Bailey were hitchhiking around Los Angeles when Beach Boys founding member and drummer Dennis Wilson picked them up. After being invited to his home while he continued on to a recording session, Krenwinkel and Bailey were able to contact the Family and tell them of their new "crash pad". When Wilson returned later that evening, he found Manson and the rest of the Family eating his food, sleeping in his bedrooms, and partying inside and outside his home. The group ended up staying for several months. After causing Wilson financial problems, Manson and the rest of the Family left his mansion.


title: Patricia Krenwinkel

text: In August 1968, Krenwinkel and the Family persuaded the nearly blind and elderly George Spahn to allow them to live on his property, Spahn Ranch, in the hills above the San Fernando Valley.


title: Patricia Krenwinkel

text: Krenwinkel was a participant in the murders on August 9, 1969, at 10050 Cielo Drive, home of actress Sharon Tate and her husband, director Roman Polanski. After stabbing Abigail Folger, Krenwinkel went back inside and summoned Tex Watson, who also stabbed Folger. During her trial, Krenwinkel said, "I stabbed her and I kept stabbing her." When asked how it felt, Krenwinkel replied: "Nothing, I mean, what is there to describe? It was just there, and it was right."


title: Patricia Krenwinkel

text: Krenwinkel participated willingly in more murders the following night. She recounted during her December 29, 2016 parole hearing the events of the night of August 10, 1969. Along with Manson, Watson, Atkins, Clem Grogan, Leslie Van Houten, and Linda Kasabian, she went to the home of Leno and Rosemary LaBianca where she, Watson, and Van Houten murdered the couple.


title: Patricia Krenwinkel

text: When later questioned, she claimed the only thing going through her mind at the time was that "Now he won't be sending any of his children off to war." Before hitchhiking back to Spahn Ranch, the trio stayed a while in the LaBianca home — eating food, showering, and playing with the LaBiancas' two dogs.


title: Patricia Krenwinkel

text: While the Los Angeles police were busy investigating any leads they could find, back at Spahn Ranch rumors of the involvement of Krenwinkel and the others in the murders began to circulate. Due to an unrelated investigation by the Los Angeles County Sheriff's Department, parts of stolen cars were spotted in and around the ranch by helicopter. One week after the murders on August 16, 1969, Krenwinkel, Manson and other Family members were rounded up by police and arrested on suspicion of auto theft. Because of a date error, the search warrant was later ruled invalid and the group was released. Following this incident, the Family started to lose members one by one, due to the raid, the possible involvement of the Family in the Tate-LaBianca murders, and the newly-rumored murder of Spahn ranch hand Donald "Shorty" Shea.


title: Patricia Krenwinkel

text: Because of the raid on August 16, Manson decided to move his "Family" to another ranch, this time near Death Valley. Barker Ranch now became home for the Family, including Krenwinkel. During their stay from August through October, the group spent its time converting cars it had stolen into dune buggies, but law enforcement eventually caught up with Manson and his followers. On October 10, 1969, the group was once again arrested. This time, Krenwinkel's father bailed her out of jail, but she immediately returned to Barker Ranch. Upon her return, Manson (who was not present at the October 10 raid), ordered her to go to Alabama and live with her mother until he sent word for her to come home. The orders to return never came, however, because of Manson's subsequent arrest on October 12 at Barker Ranch.


title: Patricia Krenwinkel

text: Meanwhile, still in jail, Susan Atkins began to tell all about their involvement in the Tate-LaBianca murders to cellmates Virginia Graham and Veronica "Ronnie" Howard. Because of Atkins' confessions and Howard's disclosure, Krenwinkel was arrested near her aunt's home in Mobile, Alabama on December 1, 1969. The following day, Krenwinkel was indicted for seven counts of first-degree murder and one count of conspiracy to commit murder. After her arrest, Krenwinkel claimed that she had gone to Alabama because she feared Manson would find her and kill her, hence her attempt to fight extradition to California. Finally in February 1970, she waived extradition proceedings and voluntarily returned to California to stand trial with defendants Manson, Van Houten, and Atkins. Watson was tried separately at a later date after unsuccessfully fighting extradition from his home state of Texas.


title: Patricia Krenwinkel

text: Krenwinkel's trial attorney, Paul Fitzgerald, suggested that although her fingerprints were found inside the Tate home, she might just have been "an invited guest or friend." Seemingly unfazed by the possibility of a guilty verdict and a death sentence, Krenwinkel reportedly spent much of the trial drawing doodles of devils and other Satanic figures. All during the trial, she remained loyal to Manson and the Family. Demonstration of this unity included walking hand-in-hand with Atkins and Van Houten, singing songs written by Manson, as well as shaving their heads and carving an "X" in their foreheads, just as Manson was doing.


title: Patricia Krenwinkel

text: At the end of the nine-month trial, Krenwinkel was convicted of all counts and sentenced to death on March 29, 1971. She and the other two women were transferred from Los Angeles to the California Institution for Women (CIW) near Corona, California.


title: Patricia Krenwinkel

text: California's death row on April 28, 1971. She received a death sentence for seven counts of first-degree murder for the August 9, 1969, deaths of Abigail Ann Folger, Wojciech Frykowski, Steven Earl Parent, Sharon Tate Polanski and Jay Sebring and the August 10, 1969, deaths of Leno and Rosemary La Bianca. She was also convicted of conspiracy to commit murder. The death sentence imposed on Krenwinkel (as well as Manson, Watson, Atkins, and Van Houten) was automatically commuted to life in prison after the California Supreme Court's "People v. Anderson" decision invalidated all death sentences imposed in California prior to 1972.


title: Patricia Krenwinkel

text: At the beginning of her life in prison, Krenwinkel remained loyal to Manson and the Family, but over time began to break away from them. In distancing herself from Manson, she has maintained a perfect prison record, and received a Bachelor's degree in Human Services from the University of La Verne.


title: Patricia Krenwinkel

text: She is active with prison programs such as Alcoholics Anonymous and Narcotics Anonymous and along with these involvements, she has also taught illiterate prisoners how to read. Reportedly, Krenwinkel writes both poetry and music, plays the guitar, plays on a prison volleyball team and gives dance lessons.


title: Patricia Krenwinkel

text: Krenwinkel's initial parole consideration hearing was held on July 17, 1978. During a 2004 parole hearing, when asked who she would place at the top of the list of people she has harmed, Patricia Krenwinkel responded, "Myself."


title: Patricia Krenwinkel

text: In an interview conducted by Diane Sawyer in 1994, Krenwinkel stated: "I wake up every day knowing that I'm a destroyer of the most precious thing, which is life; and I do that because that's what I deserve, is to wake up every morning and know that." During that same interview, she expressed the most remorse for what she did to Folger, telling Diane Sawyer, "That was just a young woman that I killed, who had parents. She was supposed to live a life and her parents were never supposed to see her dead."


title: Patricia Krenwinkel

text: During that same interview, she said Manson was "absolutely lying" about not ordering the murders. She said, "There wasn't one thing done—that was even allowed to be done— without his express permission." She was denied parole following that hearing because, according to the panel, Krenwinkel still posed an "unacceptable risk to public safety". At her January 2011 hearing, the two-member parole board said that the 63-year-old Krenwinkel would not be eligible for parole again for seven years. The panel said they were swayed by the memory of the crimes, along with 80 letters which came from all over the world urging Krenwinkel's continued incarceration.


title: Patricia Krenwinkel

text: In Krenwinkel's parole hearing on December 29, 2016, the decision was postponed to investigate the defense claim that Krenwinkel was suffering from battered woman syndrome at the hands of Manson during the time of the murders. The parole hearing resumed on June 22, 2017 when the 69-year-old Krenwinkel was denied parole. After her 2017 review, Krenwinkel has been denied parole fourteen times.


title: Patricia Krenwinkel

text: As of July 2022, Krenwinkel remains incarcerated at the California Institution for Women in the Chino district of Corona, California.


title: Patricia Krenwinkel

text: Following the 2009 death of fellow Manson cult member Susan Atkins, Krenwinkel is now the longest-incarcerated female inmate in the California penal system. Admitted to prison in April 1971, she has been continuously incarcerated for more than 50 years.


title: Patricia Krenwinkel

text: Krenwinkel was granted parole on May 26, 2022. On October 14, 2022 Governor Gavin Newsom reversed the decision, citing the continued threat she would pose to society if released.


title: Patricia Krenwinkel

text: Patricia Krenwinkel was portrayed by actress Christina Hart in the made-for-TV film "Helter Skelter" (1976), and in the film's 2004 remake by actress Allison Smith. She was also portrayed by Leslie Orr in the film "The Manson Family" (2003), by Kaniehtiio Horn in "Leslie, My Name Is Evil" (2009), by Vanessa Zima in "Manson Girls" (2013) and Serena Lorien in "House of Manson" (2014). Olivia Klaus made a documentary short film on Krenwinkel, "Life After Manson." The film was shown at the 2014 Tribeca Film Festival and included her first interview in 20 years. On television, Madisen Beaty portrayed Krenwinkel in the 2015–16 series "Aquarius", while Leslie Grossman portrayed her in the 2017 season of "". Krenwinkel was portrayed by Sosie Bacon in Mary Harron's "Charlie Says" (2018) and played once again by Beaty (listed in the credits as "Katie") in Quentin Tarantino's film "Once Upon a Time in Hollywood" (2019).


title: William Daniels

text: William David Daniels (born March 31, 1927) is an American actor, who is best known for his television roles, notably as Mark Craig in the drama series "St. Elsewhere", for which he won two Primetime Emmy Awards; the voice of KITT in the television series "Knight Rider"; and as George Feeny in the sitcom "Boy Meets World", which earned him four People's Choice Award nominations. He reprised his "Knight Rider" role in the sequel TV movie "Knight Rider 2000" and his "Boy Meets World" role in the sequel series "Girl Meets World".


title: William Daniels

text: Daniels' film roles include Mr. Braddock (Benjamin Braddock's father) in "The Graduate", Howard Maxwell-Manchester in "Two for the Road", John Adams in the musical film "1776", and Carter Nash in "Captain Nice". He was president of the Screen Actors Guild from 1999 to 2001 and led the union's efforts during the 2000 commercial actors strike.


title: William Daniels

text: Daniels is also noted for having portrayed in film or on television the three most prominent members of the Adams political family: John Adams, his cousin and fellow founding father, Samuel Adams, and John Adams’ son John Quincy Adams.


title: William Daniels

text: William David Daniels was born on March 31, 1927, in Brooklyn, New York City, New York, to Irene and David Daniels. His father was a bricklayer, and his mother was a telephone operator. He has two sisters, Jacqueline and Carol. He grew up in East New York, Brooklyn.


title: William Daniels

text: Daniels was drafted into the U.S. Army in 1945 and stationed in Italy, where he served as a disc jockey at an Army radio station. At the suggestion of Howard Lindsay, co-author of "Life with Father", who recommended he use the GI Bill to attend a college with a good drama department, Daniels enrolled at Northwestern University. He graduated from Northwestern in 1949, and is a member of Sigma Nu fraternity.


title: William Daniels

text: Daniels began his career as a member of the singing Daniels family in Brooklyn. He made his television debut as part of a variety act (along with other members of his family) in 1943, on NBC, then a single station in New York. He made his Broadway debut in 1943 in "Life with Father", and remained a busy Broadway actor for decades afterwards. His Broadway credits include roles in "1776", "A Thousand Clowns", "On a Clear Day You Can See Forever", and "A Little Night Music". He received an Obie Award for "The Zoo Story" (1960).


title: William Daniels

text: Daniels's motion picture debut was as a school principal in the 1963 anti-war drama film "Ladybug Ladybug". In 1965, he reprised his Broadway role as a child welfare worker in the screen version of "A Thousand Clowns". In 1967 he appeared in "The Graduate" as the father of Dustin Hoffman's character. In 1969, Daniels starred as John Adams in the Broadway musical "1776"; he also appeared in the film version in 1972. Two years later, he co-starred in Richard Donner's telefilm "Sarah T. - Portrait of a Teenage Alcoholic". in 1979 he again reprised his role as the outspoken John Adams in the film "Rebels", again about the American revolution, without seeming to ever break character. He is known as the quintessential John Adams.


title: William Daniels

text: Daniels's first network television appearance came in 1952 when he portrayed the young John Quincy Adams, eldest son of John and Abigail Adams in the "Hallmark Hall of Fame" drama "A Woman for the Ages." In 1976, he reprised the role as the middle-aged and elder John Quincy Adams in the acclaimed PBS miniseries "The Adams Chronicles". He starred in the short-lived series "Captain Nice" as police chemist Carter Nash. He appeared as acid-tongued Dr. Mark Craig in "St. Elsewhere" from 1982 to 1988, for which he won two Emmy awards. Concurrently, he provided the voice of KITT in "Knight Rider" from 1982 to 1986. Daniels said in 1982, "My duties on "Knight Rider" are very simple. I do it in about an hour and a half. I've never met the cast. I haven't even met the producer."


title: William Daniels

text: He reprised the voice-only role of KITT in 1991 for the television movie "Knight Rider 2000", and again in the theatrical comedy movie "The Benchwarmers". He performed the role in AT&T and GE commercials about talking machines, and twice in "The Simpsons" as well as at the Comedy Central Roast of his co-star David Hasselhoff. He reprised the role of KITT in the 2015 Lego-themed action-adventure video game "Lego Dimensions".


title: William Daniels

text: Daniels portrayed strict but loving educator George Feeny at John Adams High School in "Boy Meets World" from 1993 to 2000. In addition to the previously mentioned 1967 superhero sitcom "Captain Nice", he was a regular on the 1970s TV series "Freebie and the Bean" and "The Nancy Walker Show".


title: William Daniels

text: A familiar character actor, he has appeared as a guest star on numerous TV comedies and dramas, including "Soap", "The Rockford Files", "Quincy, M.E.", "", and many others. In 2012, Daniels appeared in the ninth season of "Grey's Anatomy" as Dr. Craig Thomas, an unlikely mentor to the character of Dr. Cristina Yang played by actress Sandra Oh. His character, Dr. Thomas, died in the operating room while performing a procedure to repair a heart defect midway through the season, which forced Yang to move back to Seattle.


title: William Daniels

text: In 2014, Daniels reprised his role as Mr. Feeny in the pilot episode of the "Boy Meets World" spinoff, "Girl Meets World". He cameoed in the final scene, praising the adult Cory Matthews for his parenting. He made additional appearances in the second and third seasons.


title: William Daniels

text: Daniels has been married to actress and fellow Emmy Award winner Bonnie Bartlett since June 30, 1951; at more than 71 years, it is the longest active Hollywood marriage as of October 2022. In 1961, Bartlett gave birth to a son, who died 24 hours later. They adopted two sons: Michael, who became an assistant director and stage manager in Los Angeles, and Robert, who became an artist and computer graphics designer based in New York City.


title: William Daniels

text: Daniels refused the 1969 Tony Award nomination for Featured Actor in a Musical in "1776" due to his insistence that the part of John Adams was a leading role rather than supporting. He was ruled to be ineligible for the Best Actor nomination because of the technicality that his name was not billed above the title of the show.


title: William Daniels

text: In 1986, Daniels and Bartlett, who played his fictional wife on "St. Elsewhere" and "Boy Meets World", won Emmy Awards on the same night, becoming the first married couple to accomplish the feat since Alfred Lunt and Lynn Fontanne in 1965 for a production of "The Magnificent Yankee" for the Hallmark Hall of Fame.


title: Buckethead

text: Brian Patrick Carroll (born May 13, 1969), known professionally as Buckethead, is an American guitarist, songwriter, and multi-instrumentalist. He has received critical acclaim for his innovative electric guitar playing. His music spans several genres, including progressive metal, funk, blues, bluegrass, ambient, and avant-garde music. He performs primarily as a solo artist, although he has collaborated with a wide variety of artists such as Bill Laswell, Bootsy Collins, Bernie Worrell, Iggy Pop, Les Claypool, Serj Tankian, Bill Moseley, Mike Patton, Viggo Mortensen, That 1 Guy, Bassnectar, and Skating Polly. He was also a member of Guns N' Roses from 2000 to 2004. He has recorded 325 studio albums, four special releases, and one EP. He has performed on more than fifty albums by other artists.


title: Buckethead

text: Buckethead performs wearing a KFC bucket on his head, emblazoned with an orange bumper sticker reading "FUNERAL" in block letters, and an expressionless plain white mask inspired by "". At one point, he changed to a plain white bucket without a KFC logo, but subsequently reverted to his emblematic KFC bucket, but without the funeral sticker. He also incorporates nunchaku and robot dancing into his stage performances.


title: Buckethead

text: Buckethead is voted Number Eight on a list in "GuitarOne" magazine of the "Top 10 Fastest Guitar Shredders" as well as being included in "Guitar World"s lists of the "25 all-time weirdest guitarists" and the "50 fastest guitarists of all time". Buckethead writes and performs music for major motion pictures, including "Saw II", "Ghosts of Mars", "Beverly Hills Ninja", "Mortal Kombat", "", "Last Action Hero", "Falling", and contributed lead guitar to the track "Firebird" featured on the .


title: Buckethead

text: Brian Patrick Carroll was born on May 13, 1969, to Tom and Nancy Carroll and is the youngest of five siblings along with Lynn, Lisa, Lori, and John. His father was the Athletic Director at Damien High School in La Verne, California, from 1973 until his retirement in 2013.


title: Buckethead

text: Carroll grew up in a Southern California suburb near Disneyland. In his youth, he was an introvert, and spent most of his time in his room with books, games, martial-arts movie memorabilia, and toys. He also spent a lot of time at Disneyland.


title: Buckethead

text: Carroll began playing guitar at the age of 12. He learned to play from an elderly man down the road. He is quoted saying that he became serious a year later after moving from Huntington Beach, California, to Claremont. His playing improved with lessons from various teachers at a local music store. His early teachers included Max McGuire, Johnny Fortune, Mark Hammond, Pebber Brown, Joey Tafolla, and Paul Gilbert. In 2003, Buckethead played a tribute to all his early teachers as the Deli Creeps played a show at Styles Music's 25th anniversary. He then began making demo recordings of both his playing as well as his writing styles, which would later be released in 2007–2008.


title: Buckethead

text: The Buckethead persona came to be when Carroll saw the 1988 horror movie "" and was inspired by the film. He went out right after seeing it and bought a Michael Myers-like white mask. The bucket idea came later that night while eating chicken:


title: Buckethead

text: In October 2017, Carroll gave a rare out-of-character interview discussing all ranges of his life, the Buckethead character, his parents' deaths, his health problems, and how he copes with overcoming fear. During the podcast, he revealed he has been diagnosed with the potentially life-threatening condition of heart arrhythmia. He stated he had a cardiac ablation performed and uses medicine to control the problem.


title: Buckethead

text: In 1988, after leaving the band Class-X, Carroll entered a song called "Brazos" into a "Guitar Player" magazine contest. It was a runner-up, with editors writing:


title: Buckethead

text: In the same year, the magazine's editor, Jas Obrecht, came to know of Buckethead when Carroll and his parents left a demo recording at the magazine's reception desk for Obrecht. Impressed with this demo, he rushed into the restaurant where Buckethead and his parents were having lunch and encouraged him to make the most of his talent. They soon became friends. In 1989, a song called "Soowee" by Buckethead got honorable mention in another song contest. In 1991, Buckethead moved into Obrecht's basement. The song "Brazos" was eventually released on the 1991 demo tape of his band Deli Creeps, titled "Tribal Rites", and again as bonus material in Buckethead's "Secret Recipe" DVD in 2006. Luke Sacco was his teacher.


title: Buckethead

text: In 1991, Buckethead contributed to Derek Bailey's Company project alongside, among others, John Zorn and Alexander Bălănescu, resulting in a triple album called "Company 91".


title: Buckethead

text: After his first two demo tapes, called "Giant Robot" and "Bucketheadland Blueprints", Buckethead released "Bucketheadland" on John Zorn's Japanese Avant record label in 1992. Though available only as a pricey import, the record received positive reviews and earned some attention. At about this time, Buckethead fell into the orbit of prolific bassist/producer Bill Laswell, himself an occasional Zorn collaborator; Buckethead (as a performer, producer, or composer) was introduced to Laswell with the help of Limbomaniacs drummer Bryan "Brain" Mantia, who gave Laswell a video of Buckethead playing in his room. Buckethead soon became Laswell's second staple guitar player, besides Nicky Skopelitis.


title: Buckethead

text: In 1992, Buckethead, with Bill Laswell, Bernie Worrell, Bootsy Collins, and Bryan "Brain" Mantia, formed the supergroup Praxis. Their first album, "Transmutation (Mutatis Mutandis)", released the same year, was well received. The project was Bill Laswell's concept, and has since involved other guests such as Serj Tankian of System of a Down, among many others. Buckethead participated in every release except the initial "1984" release and "Mold" (1998).


title: Buckethead

text: In 1993, Buckethead auditioned to play for the Red Hot Chili Peppers. The band eventually ended up with Arik Marshall, and later Dave Navarro. After some legal complications with Sony Music Entertainment, Buckethead decided to release his 1994 album "Dreamatorium" under the name of Death Cube K (an anagram).


title: Buckethead

text: Buckethead released a second studio album that year, "Giant Robot", which features many guest appearances by artists such as Iggy Pop and Bill Moseley. The name of the album came from the Japanese series "Johnny Sokko and his Flying Robot", of which Buckethead is a fan. He also released two other albums with Praxis, their second and third studio efforts: "Sacrifist" and "Metatron".


title: Buckethead

text: In 1995, Buckethead did not release any solo albums but collaborated with several artists like Jonas Hellborg and Michael Shrieve ("Octave of the Holy Innocents"). He also contributed to several movie soundtracks, such as "Johnny Mnemonic" and "Mortal Kombat".


title: Buckethead

text: Later, in 1996, Buckethead released his solo album "The Day of the Robot" with the help of English producer DJ Ninj and Laswell, plus another album with Brain and keyboardist Pete Scaturro on the small Japanese label NTT Records, called "Giant Robot". Both albums were printed only in small quantities and are collectors' items now. A second demo tape by the Deli Creeps was also recorded.


title: Buckethead

text: Also in 1996, several Sega Saturn television ads featuring a screaming mask-like face pressing through the blue orb of the Saturn logo was released, with music by Buckethead.


title: Buckethead

text: In 1997, Buckethead began working on the album "Buckethead Plays Disney", but the album has not yet been released. According to his Web page:


title: Buckethead

text: Also in 1997, Buckethead continued to contribute to movie soundtracks, appearing on "Beverly Hills Ninja" and "", the sequel to "Mortal Kombat".


title: Buckethead

text: Further releases were Arcana's second and final studio album "Arc of the Testimony" in which he played with noted drummer Tony Williams and the one-off project "Pieces", with Brain. Two live albums by Praxis, called "Transmutation Live" and "Live in Poland" (featuring recordings from European concerts) were also issued.


title: Buckethead

text: In 1998, Buckethead released "Colma", an album dedicated to his mother, who at the time was suffering from colon cancer. The same year saw a compilation album by Praxis called "Collection".


title: Buckethead

text: In 1999, Buckethead released his fifth album, a collaboration with Les Claypool from the band Primus, titled "Monsters and Robots" — currently the best-selling album of his career. This album includes the song "The Ballad of Buckethead", for which his first music video ever was made.


title: Buckethead

text: Buckethead began three new projects that year, the first being the band Cornbugs, a collaboration with actor Bill Moseley, drummer Pinchface, and later keyboardist Travis Dickerson. Another project, Cobra Strike with an album called "The 13th Scroll", featured Pinchface, Bryan "Brain" Mantia, DJ Disk, and Bill Laswell. Buckethead also began a collaboration with actor Viggo Mortensen, whom he first met through a recording project called "Myth: Dreams of the World" in 1996. Together they released "One Man's Meat", "One Less Thing to Worry About", and "The Other Parade". Buckethead contributed to the 1999 album Devil Dub by the San Francisco Bay Area band Ben Wa consisting of "Dr. Ware" and "House"(Limbomaniacs, Tommy Guerrero, Buckethead's Giant Robot, MCM & the Monster).


title: Buckethead

text: Buckethead achieved a higher public profile as lead guitarist for Guns N' Roses from 2000 to 2004. He recorded the often-delayed album "Chinese Democracy" with the band and appeared live on stage in 2001 and 2002, including "Rock in Rio 3", MTV's "Video Music Awards", and parts of the Chinese Democracy Tour.


title: Buckethead

text: Despite being a member of GN'R, Buckethead released his sixth studio album, called "Somewhere Over the Slaughterhouse" in 2001, and also his only EP, called "KFC Skin Piles". He also released two albums with his band Cornbugs, and a third under his 'Death Cube K' pseudonym. In 2000, Buckethead released the second and last album by Cobra Strike, called "Cobra Strike II - Y, Y+B, X+Y". He joined two new projects during this period. The first was the progressive rock band Thanatopsis (named after a poem by William Cullen Bryant) with Travis Dickerson and drummer Ramy Antoun; this group went on to release four albums. Some Thanatopsis material has also appeared on albums released by Buckethead and Dickerson.


title: Buckethead

text: Buckethead's second side project during this period was with Bill Laswell and Japanese producer Shin Terai, released as the album "Unison".


title: Buckethead

text: In 2002, Buckethead released three studio albums: "Funnel Weaver", a collection of 49 short tracks, "Bermuda Triangle", and finally, "Electric Tears", a calming album that is similar to his earlier release, "Colma".


title: Buckethead

text: When Laswell was not able to play with Praxis at the Bonnaroo Music and Arts festival, Les Claypool asked to jam with Brain, Bernie Worrell, and Buckethead, forming a new supergroup called Colonel Claypool's Bucket of Bernie Brains. The jamband experiment was successful enough to do some further live dates.


title: Buckethead

text: Later, in 2003, marking the release of his tenth studio album, Buckethead released the sequel of his debut "Bucketheadland", simply called "Bucketheadland 2". Together with actor Viggo Mortensen, he did "Pandemoniumfromamerica", and with Thanatopsis, its second release, called "Axiology".


title: Buckethead

text: Buckethead's relationship with Guns N' Roses was somewhat erratic in its last year, despite contractual obligations. According to an interview with Rose, he seemingly 'left' the band in January 2004 without telling anyone, and 'rejoined' in a similar manner in February. "His transient lifestyle has made it impossible for even his closest friends to have nearly any form of communication with him whatsoever." In March 2004, Buckethead left Guns N' Roses. His manager cited Guns' inability to complete an album or tour.


title: Buckethead

text: Since that time, his cult following in the underground music communities has steadily increased. He frequently performs at festivals and in clubs nationwide and often tours as the feature performer.


title: Buckethead

text: The year 2004 saw the release of three new studio albums: "Island of Lost Minds", which was his first tour-only album being later re-released by TDRS Music; "Population Override", a blues-rock tour de force with Dickerson; and "The Cuckoo Clocks of Hell", considered his heaviest effort to date. The latter includes "Spokes for the Wheel of Torment," for which Syd Garon and Eric Henry made a music video based on the famous triptychs by Hieronymus Bosch. Buckethead also recorded the final two albums by the Cornbugs, "Brain Circus" and "Donkey Town" as well as another release with Viggo Mortensen called "Please Tomorrow" and a second with Shin Terai, titled "Heaven & Hell". C2B3 also released their only album, "The Big Eyeball in the Sky", and toured it in North America.


title: Buckethead

text: In an interview with "Revolver", Ozzy Osbourne stated that he had offered to have Buckethead play guitar in his band at Ozzfest, but changed his mind after meeting with him and realizing that he would not remove his costume:


title: Buckethead

text: In 2005, Buckethead released the album "Enter the Chicken" through Serj Tankian's record label, Serjical Strike. The album features Tankian himself, Maximum Bob (of the Deli Creeps), Death by Stereo singer Efrem Shulz, Bad Acid Trip and others. It is marked by its leaning toward more traditional song structures while still featuring typical Buckethead guitar skills. "We Are One" was released as a single and also appeared on the soundtrack of "Masters of Horror". "Three Fingers" was used for the soundtrack of the horror movie "Saw II". The final track, "Nottingham Lace", was first made public via his home page and soon became a concert staple and one of his most popular songs. Buckethead also released two further solo albums in 2005, "Kaleidoscalp" and "Inbred Mountain"—the latter being the first album as a solo artist released on the label TDRS Music. Both albums originally were sold exclusively at concerts and only later got an official release through the label's website.


title: Buckethead

text: Buckethead released albums with other bands that year: with Cornbugs, he released two compilation albums, called "Rest Home for Robots" and "Skeleton Farm". Gorgone's "self titled album" was released that year' itself based upon recording sessions from the album "Population Override" that Buckethead released in 2004.


title: Buckethead

text: In 2006, the cross-console video game "Guitar Hero II" was launched, featuring Buckethead's song "Jordan" as an unlockable bonus track. Although the song has been performed live in the past, the video game version is the only known studio recording of the song. When playing it live, Buckethead would almost always simply perform the verse and chorus of "Jordan" before transitioning into the next song. However, the "Guitar Hero II" version contains a special solo created specifically for the game.


title: Buckethead

text: Also the same year, Buckethead released two DVDs, titled "Young Buckethead Vol. 1" and "Young Buckethead Vol. 2", featuring rare footage from 1990 and 1991. The DVD also contains three complete Deli Creeps shows, a sound check, backstage footage, and solo footage of just Buckethead. He also released the albums "The Elephant Man's Alarm Clock" and "Crime Slunk Scene", both sold on his tours but later sold on the TDRS Music website. The last album has the song "Soothsayer (Dedicated to Aunt Suzie)"; this song (along with "Jordan" and "Nottingham Lace") is one of his most popular songs and is often played live. Buckethead released his final compilation album with the band Cornbugs, called "Celebrity Psychos". He also released an album with Travis Dickerson, called "Chicken Noodles", a move that would see the start of a four-year long collaboration with the keyboardist. Buckethead's band Thanatopsis would also release "Anatomize" that year.


title: Buckethead

text: In 2007, Buckethead released an unprecedented amount of new material. In February, a box set titled "In Search of The", containing 13 albums of original material, was released. It was handcrafted, numbered, and monogrammed by Buckethead and contained over nine hours of music. A regular solo album, called "Pepper's Ghost", was released in March. A disc of acoustic improvisations called "Acoustic Shards" was also released, becoming the twentieth studio album that the artist had released so far in his solo career. In midyear, he reissued his demo tape "Bucketheadland Blueprints", with two alternative album covers: a special edition with a hand-drawn cover made by him, or a standard edition with the original cover art. In October, he released his final two albums of the year, called "Decoding the Tomb of Bansheebot" and "Cyborg Slunks". The latter again came in both a hand-drawn limited edition and (some weeks later) as a normal CD. Buckethead wrote three songs dedicated to Aunt Suzie in 2006-07: the aforementioned "Soothsayer" (Crime Slunk Scene), "Aunt Suzie" (Cyborg Slunks), and "Sail On Soothsayer", (Decoding The Tomb Of Bansheebot).


title: Buckethead

text: As "Death Cube K", Buckethead released two albums in 2007: an album called DCK, limited to 400 hand-numbered copies and released in August; and in December, the 5-CD box set "Monolith", which consisted of one unbroken track per CD.


title: Buckethead

text: During 2007, Buckethead also collaborated and appeared on numerous albums with other artists. The sequel to "Chicken Noodles" (a collaboration with Travis Dickerson), simply called "Chicken Noodles II", was issued by TDRS in December. A live record by Praxis, titled "Tennessee 2004"; the third album with Shin Terai, called "Lightyears"; and another album with drummer Bryan Mantia, called "Kevin's Noodle House", were also released through the year.


title: Buckethead

text: That same year, it was revealed that Buckethead joined a project by the name of Science Faxtion, a band featuring bassist Bootsy Collins and drummer Bryan "Brain" Mantia, with Greg Hampton supplying lead vocals. Their first album, called "Living on Another Frequency", was delayed several times and was finally released in November 2008.


title: Buckethead

text: On January 1, 2008, the band Praxis released the long-awaited album "Profanation (Preparation for a Coming Darkness)" in Japan. The album had actually been recorded in 2005, but had to be put on hold when the original label went bankrupt. That year Buckethead released "From the Coop" through the label Avabella (where he released "Acoustic Shards"), consisting of the demos Buckethead gave to Jas Obrecht back in 1988. This CD also included the first ever "official" biography of/by the artist. Later that same year, he announced the release of the album called "Albino Slug" (a tour-only CD until official release on December of the same year). Along with this album, he appeared on the album "The Dragons of Eden", with Dickerson and Mantia, and in collaboration with That 1 Guy as the "Frankenstein Brothers", an album called "Bolt on Neck" was released. That 1 Guy and Buckethead toured together through fall 2008, playing songs from this album.


title: Buckethead

text: Buckethead also appeared in the documentary "", in which he appears only playing. Serj Tankian's label, Serjical Strike, reissued the album "Enter the Chicken" with an extra song. Furthermore, Buckethead contributed to one track of actor Viggo Mortensen's album "At All", and with Travis Dickerson and filmmaker Alix Lambert on the album "Running After Deer".


title: Buckethead

text: Buckethead appeared with Bootsy Collins in Cincinnati, Ohio, to promote the vote for the 2008 United States presidential election for the organization Rock the Vote.


title: Buckethead

text: He also joined Collins on "Fallen Soldiers Memorial", an album with proceeds going to the "National Fallen Heroes Foundation".


title: Buckethead

text: More than four years after his departure from the band Guns N' Roses, "Chinese Democracy" was made available. Buckethead appears on all but two songs and was given writing credits on "Shackler's Revenge" (which appeared in the popular video game "Rock Band 2"); "Scraped"; and "Sorry", which features guest singer Sebastian Bach. The album features eleven of Buckethead's guitar solos.


title: Buckethead

text: On December 30, 2008, Buckethead released two new tracks via his website to honor the 24th birthday of basketball player LeBron James. These tracks were later made available on the album, "Slaughterhouse on the Prairie", which was released a month later through TDRS Music. In 2009 he released the albums "A Real Diamond in the Rough", and "Forensic Follies", which was first sold at some of his tour dates but later released on TDRS. That year he also released the track "The Homing Beacon", a tribute to Michael Jackson, who had been an early influence on him. The song was later included on his 2012 album "Electric Sea".


title: Buckethead

text: On February 5, 2010, Buckethead released an album called "Shadows Between the Sky" and later that month, Gibson released the Buckethead Signature Les Paul guitar.


title: Buckethead

text: On April 29, 2010, Buckethead's website was updated<ref name="http://www.bucketheadland.com"></ref> with a picture with the message "Greetings from Bucketheadland... Buckethead wants you to know he appreciates your support all these years, it means so much to him. Buckethead is having some animatronic parts replaced, Slip Disc snuck into the park and caused some mayhem." The mention of Slip Disc is a reference to a Bucketheadland nemesis found on the "Bucketheadland" album. Bootsy Collins continued to update his Twitter Web site about Buckethead's condition, stating that he had recently gone into therapy for a few months.


title: Buckethead

text: Nevertheless, after return from injury, on July 15, 2010, Buckethead, along with Brain and Melissa Reese, has released the first volume out of three 5-CD box sets called "Best Regards". On August 25, 2010, Buckethead announced his 28th studio album titled "Spinal Clock", which showcases his banjo skills. In October, two albums in collaboration with Brain were released, the first called "Brain as Hamenoodle", and the second installment of the "Regards" series with Brain and Melissa Reese called, "Kind Regards". Eventually, both projects were released on October 13. That month also saw a new solo album titled "Captain EO's Voyage" first available only on iTunes. It was later announced that a physical edition will be released on December 1. This, along with Buckethead's final Travis Dickerson album were released on November 29. In May 2010, Buckethead started to release albums under the concept of a kiosk within Buckethead's fictional "abusement" park called "Buckethead Pikes". The albums released within this concept were to resemble a comic book style and be shorter in length than his previous works at around half an hour in length.


title: Buckethead

text: Buckethead left Praxis in 2011, the Frankenstein Brothers in 2012, and Brain in 2013. He contributed to two tracks on Lawson Rollins's album "Elevation" in 2011. He also departed from his live touring schedule, with his final performance taking place on December 31, 2012. During his absence from touring and other projects, Buckethead's solo release schedule increased speed dramatically- reaching a peak in 2015 with 118 albums, around one every three days on average. Notably, the cover of "Pike 13" contains a photograph of Buckethead unmasked; the first such image released to the public. The cover of "Pike 13" does not feature the common elements of the Pikes series, and is simply a photograph of Buckethead during his teenage years, carrying an acoustic guitar and hugging his father. Buckethead continued to release albums throughout the year, breaking the numerical order occasionally (for example, Pike 34 "Pikes" was released three weeks after Pike 35 "Thank you Ohlinger's"). The final album of the year "Wishes" was released on December 24, free of charge for a limited time.


title: Buckethead

text: During 2014, Buckethead continued releasing albums at an even faster pace. Sixty albums were released throughout the year, averaging one album every six days. The sixty-fifth installment, "Hold Me Forever (In memory of my mom Nancy York Carroll)", honored Buckethead's mother, who had recently died. The final release of the year, Pike 101 "In the Hollow Hills", took place on December 31.


title: Buckethead

text: Buckethead's release schedule increased in speed again, almost doubling his output during 2015. The 150th release in the series and 180th overall, "Heaven is your Home (For my Father, Thomas Manley Carroll)", was released free on June 21 (Father's Day) and in dedication to his late father.


title: Buckethead

text: On October 1, Buckethead started "The Silver Shamrock Series", a Halloween-themed series in which the guitarist released one dark ambient album per day. Starting with Pike 176, "31 Days Til Halloween: Visitor From The Mirror", each subsequent album continued the countdown to Halloween's eve culminating with Pike 206, "Happy Halloween: Silver Shamrock". Buckethead's next release, "365 Days Til Halloween: Smash" (released on November 1) referenced the countdown, but is not considered part of series. A physical edition of the series was released in October 2017 on a pumpkin-themed USB key that contains all 31 albums on it.


title: Buckethead

text: The last album of the year was Pike 219, "Rain Drops on Christmas". The album originally released as a free digital download on December 24 (Christmas Eve), included a dedication "to those who lost loved ones" in the title track.


title: Buckethead

text: Throughout 2016, Buckethead's release output declined sharply, with only 24 albums being released. Pike 226, "Happy Birthday MJ 23" was released on the 53rd birthday of basketball player Michael Jordan. 2016 also saw Buckethead return to touring, after a four-year absence.


title: Buckethead

text: 2017 saw a slight increase in pace compared to the previous year, with 30 albums being released in total. In addition, Buckethead began to repress part of his older catalogue in vinyl format, the first time in over a decade that his albums have been pressed in a physical format other than CD. Inbred Mountain, The Elephant Man's Alarm Clock, Crime Slunk Scene, Decoding the Tomb of Bansheebot, Albino Slug, Slaughterhouse on the Prairie, A Real Diamond in the Rough, and Shadows Between the Sky have all been announced so far. Several reissues come in a variety of different packages, unique to each release. Some of these included signed copies, limited-edition posters or photographs, personalized recordings, among other things. As part of these reissues, the albums Albino Slug and Decoding the Tombs of Bansheebot underwent major changes with songs being re-recorded, and their album cover and title changed as well. Pike 241 "Sparks in the Dark" has also been announced on vinyl.


title: Buckethead

text: Also announced was the release of "Bucketheadland 5-13 10-31", an entirely new album to be released on Halloween exclusively on vinyl. It is the first album since 2012's Electric Sea not to be a part of the Pike series. In addition, Bootsy Collins announced he is working with Buckethead once again on a collaborative album set to be released in the year.


title: Buckethead

text: In August 2017, Buckethead announced his fall US tour to take place in September and October. Buckethead played with a live band consisting of Bryan "Brain" Mantia on drums and Dan Monti on bass during the tour, departing from his traditional touring routine in which Buckethead was the only performer on stage. Shortly after the tour announcement, Buckethead also announced the release of "Live from Bucketheadland", his first live album, was released on vinyl in January 2018. Buckethead's tour continued in 2018, reverting to a solo show. Buckethead also toured in 2019 across the United States.


title: Buckethead

text: Buckethead cites a wide variety of musical influences, including Michael Jackson, Parliament-Funkadelic, Shawn Lane, Michael Schenker, Uli Jon Roth, Paul Gilbert, Yngwie Malmsteen, Joe Satriani, Eddie Hazel, Randy Rhoads, Larry LaLonde, Mike Patton, James Cutri, Louis Johnson, Jimi Hendrix, Jennifer Batten, The Residents, Eddie Van Halen and Angus Young, as well as the many artists he has collaborated with over the years.