Coding-With-Bashir/Bwenge huggingface dataset:
English: In smaller systems, shorter payback periods can be expected around  1-2 years while in other cases, payback periods between 6-10 years are not uncommon for industrial systems, including in the textile industry Source: WWF, 2017.
Kinyarwanda: In smaller systems, shorter payback periods can be expected around  1-2 years while in other cases, payback periods between 6-10 years are not uncommon for industrial systems, including in the textile industry Source: WWF, 2017.\n
English: I said no, that's okay, whatever.
Kinyarwanda: Navuze nti oya, nibyiza, ibyo aribyo byose.
English: And an $80 million bonus only costs you 8 million.
Kinyarwanda: Naho miliyoni 80 z'amadorali agutwara miliyoni 8 gusa.
English: Adolescence is the stage in which someone goes from infancy when he was a child to adulthood, it goes on for approximately 10 years and in this stage as we will now see the teenager will make many adjustments and changes that will affect his life.
Kinyarwanda: Ubugimbi nicyiciro umuntu ava muburoko akiri umwana kugeza akuze, ikomeza imyaka igera kuri 10 kandi muriki cyiciro kuko noneho tuzabona umwangavu azahindura byinshi nimpinduka bizagira ingaruka mubuzima bwe.
English: It has to be sound.
Kinyarwanda: Igomba kuba nziza.
English: This is where the population is.
Kinyarwanda: Aha niho abaturage bari.
English: New forms of subsistence, like farming, were also used as tools to assimilate those living on reserves into becoming involved in western economies, lessening and in some cases even abandoning traditional hunting and gathering practices.
Kinyarwanda: Uburyo bushya bwo kubaho, kimwe n'ubuhinzi, nabwo bwakoreshwaga nk'ibikoresho byo gutahura abatuye ku kigega kugira uruhare mu bukungu bw'iburengerazuba, kugabanuka ndetse rimwe na rimwe ndetse bakareka guhiga gakondo no gukusanya.
English: In fact, many companies in these businesses should face global markets, although they are local.
Kinyarwanda: Mubyukuri, ibigo byinshi muribi bucuruzi bigomba guhangana nisoko ryisi, nubwo ari byaho.
English: I'd like to think that you also don't want to be treated unfairly, and that you are not out there to try and treat me unfairly.
Kinyarwanda: Ndashaka gutekereza ko nawe udashaka kurenganywa, kandi ko utari hanze kugirango ugerageze kumfata nabi.\n
English: And those pull people out of comfort zones, I mean it took them awhile, there's kind of sunk costs in learning those structures.
Kinyarwanda: Kandi ibyo bikurura abantu mukarere keza, ndavuga ko byabatwaye igihe gito, hari ubwoko bwamafaranga yarohamye mukwiga izo nyubako.
English: SHEELA VERMA: Ipas has developed the standard guidelines and training guidelines.
Kinyarwanda: SHEELA VERMA: Ipas yateguye umurongo ngenderwaho nubuyobozi bwamahugurwa.
English: So, I’m bringing you 10,000 readers, that’s worth 1.
Kinyarwanda: Noneho, ndakuzaniye abasomyi 10,000, ibyo bifite agaciro 1.
English: In example, in cases with big fires with multiple victims, with known people or mostly with kids, which all professionals will say they are one of the worst of our life's experiences.
Kinyarwanda: Kurugero, mugihe habaye umuriro mwinshi hamwe nabantu benshi bahohotewe, hamwe nabantu bazwi cyangwa cyane cyane hamwe nabana, abahanga bose bazavuga ko arimwe mubintu bibi mubuzima bwacu.
English: A communication technology director, Van Dijk, stated, 'Computerized information campaigns and mass public information systems have to be designed and supported in such a way that they help to narrow the gap between the 'information rich'and 'information poor'otherwise the spontaneous development of ICT will widen it.''
Kinyarwanda: Umuyobozi ushinzwe ikoranabuhanga mu itumanaho, Van Dijk, yagize ati: 'Kwamamaza amakuru kuri mudasobwa hamwe na sisitemu rusange y’amakuru rusange bigomba gutegurwa no gushyigikirwa ku buryo bifasha kugabanya itandukaniro riri hagati y ''amakuru akize 'n''amakuru akennye'bitabaye ibyo. iterambere rya ICT rizaguka. ''
English: Obviously the decisions are very different, and the criteria they use are very different.
Kinyarwanda: Biragaragara ko ibyemezo bitandukanye cyane, kandi ibipimo bakoresha biratandukanye cyane.
English: No one appreciates unnecessary emails.
Kinyarwanda: Nta muntu n'umwe ukunda ubutumwa bwo kuri murandasi budafite akamaro.\n
English: There is no place that is remaining behind.
Kinyarwanda: Ntahantu hasigaye inyuma.
English: Your competition at MIT included some of the top students in the world.
Kinyarwanda: Abari bahanganye nawe muri MIT bari bamwe mu banyeshuri beza cyane ku isi. Jya\n
English: And you can also color code the given.
Kinyarwanda: Kandi urashobora kandi kurangi amabara yatanzwe.
English: Answer: A battery, or energy storage, is typically not needed for on-site solar PV unless you are not connected to the local power utility.
Kinyarwanda: Igisubizo: Bateri, cyangwa ububiko bwingufu, mubisanzwe ntibikenewe kumurongo wizuba PV keretse niba udahujwe nimbaraga zikoresha amashanyarazi.
English: We're going to use that to get our return on investment, to get an expected return or average return of 9 percent.
Kinyarwanda: Tugiye gukoresha ibyo kugirango tubone inyungu ku ishoramari, kugirango tubone inyungu ziteganijwe cyangwa impuzandengo ya 9%.
English: Science topics
Kinyarwanda: Ingingo za siyansi
English: You can't suddenly make up your own rules.
Kinyarwanda: Ntushobora guhita ushiraho amategeko yawe bwite.
English: Okay, last question, Barry.
Kinyarwanda: Sawa, ikibazo cyanyuma, Barry.
English: So, don't criticize yourself, don't second guess any of those ideas that occurs to your brain, then write it down.
Kinyarwanda: Noneho, ntukinegure, ntukeke gukeka kimwe mubitekerezo bibaho mubwonko bwawe, hanyuma ubyandike.
English: It's a second order kind of control.
Kinyarwanda: Nuburyo bwa kabiri ubwoko bwigenzura.\n
English: As opposed to foreigners, right.
Kinyarwanda: Bitandukanye nabanyamahanga, nibyo.
English: As you saw from your readings, is that it's not only about the working hours in the formal economy or in the wage economy, it's also about the labor that sustains life; growing food, cooking, raising children, caring for the elderly, maintaining a house, hauling water, majority of that, almost all of that is done by women.
Kinyarwanda: Nkuko wabibonye mubisomwa byawe, ni uko bitareba amasaha yakazi gusa mubukungu busanzwe cyangwa mubukungu bwimishahara, ahubwo ni umurimo ukomeza ubuzima; gukura ibiryo, guteka, kurera abana, kwita kubasaza, kubungabunga inzu, gutwara amazi, ibyinshi muribyo, hafi ya byose bikorwa nabagore.
English: They shut off all other functions like they shut off your gut, they shut off your sexual function.
Kinyarwanda: Bafunga indi mirimo yose nkuguhagarika igifu, bahagarika imikorere yimibonano mpuzabitsina.
English: He said, I thought it was off the record.
Kinyarwanda: Ati, Natekereje ko bitari byanditse.
English: internal assessment or through third-party
Kinyarwanda: isuzuma ryimbere cyangwa binyuze mubandi bantu
English: Engaging local transport entrepreneurs boats, taxis, bike rental, horse riding, etc.
Kinyarwanda: Gushyira muri gahunda abikorezi kavukire bankoresha amato,tagisi, amagare akodeshwa, gutwara amafarasi, n'ibindi...
English: If there isn't any evidence, then what are we doing in this course? Don't worry.
Kinyarwanda: Niba nta bimenyetso bifatika, ubwo turimo gukora iki muri aya masomo? Ntugire ikibazo.
English: As we learn more about the brain we can become better learners, and here are two tips for how to learn better.
Kinyarwanda: Mugihe twiga byinshi kubwonko dushobora guhinduka abiga neza, kandi dore inama ebyiri zuburyo bwo kwiga neza.
English: They may be successful in certain ways but the practices that actually are successful are not retained because those people leave again.
Kinyarwanda: Bashobora gutsinda muburyo bumwe ariko imyitozo igenda neza ntabwo igumaho kuko abo bantu bongeye kugenda.
English: Use land without seeking prior permission from the original landholders
Kinyarwanda: Koresha ubutaka utabanje kubiherwa uruhushya na ba nyir'ubutaka ba mbere
English: Juliana? What are we supposed to do now? [CROSSTALK] The deal's gone.
Kinyarwanda: Juliana? Tugomba gukora iki ubu? [CROSSTALK] Amasezerano yagiye.
English: Like banks, insurance companies increasingly see CF as a potential distribution channel for servicing large numbers of small farmers by bundling insurance policies with contracts.
Kinyarwanda: Kimwe na banki, amasosiyete yubwishingizi agenda abona CF nkumuyoboro ushobora gukwirakwiza abahinzi bato bato bahuza politiki yubwishingizi namasezerano
English: During the introduction stage we try to explain participant people the rules, which are the ones we have previously said and to explain a bit how the exercise will work.
Kinyarwanda: Mugihe cyintangiriro tugerageza gusobanura abantu bitabiriye amategeko, ayo niyo twavuze mbere no gusobanura gato uko imyitozo izagenda.
English: The room attendant should start cleaning from the inner end of the room and continue towards the exit of the guest room.
Kinyarwanda: Umukozi wicyumba agomba gutangira gukora isuku kuva imbere yicyumba hanyuma agakomeza yerekeza gusohoka kwicyumba cyabashyitsi.
English: ISPs can also charge less when it's easier to recoup the costs, so the same speed Internet connection in an urban area might cost $40 monthly but cost $100 monthly in a rural area.
Kinyarwanda: ISP irashobora kandi kwishyuza make mugihe byoroshye kwishura ibiciro, bityo rero umurongo umwe wa interineti wihuta mumujyi wumujyi ushobora kugura amadorari 40 buri kwezi ariko ugura amadorari 100 buri kwezi mucyaro.
English: I think that it's part of our history, but in then you think that the more the biggest treasure is the people that live in this area.
Kinyarwanda: Ntekereza ko biri mu mateka yacu, ariko icyo gihe uratekereza ko uko ubutunzi bunini ari abantu batuye muri kano karere.
English: Digital divide refers to the disparities among people - such as those living in developed and developing world - concerning access to and the use of information and communication technologies ICT, particularly computer hardware, software, and the Internet.
Kinyarwanda: Igabana rya sisitemu ryerekana itandukaniro riri hagati yabantu - nk'abatuye mu bihugu byateye imbere kandi bikiri mu nzira y'amajyambere - bijyanye no kugera no gukoresha ikoranabuhanga mu itumanaho n'itumanaho ICT, cyane cyane ibyuma bya mudasobwa, porogaramu, na interineti.
English: Now you may be only facing one offer and the money is pivotal for you but pivotal for the firm also.
Kinyarwanda: Noneho ushobora kuba uhura nikintu kimwe gusa kandi amafaranga ni ingenzi kuri wewe ariko ni ingenzi kubigo nabyo.
English: The basic reproductive number R0 of a disease is the average number of secondary cases or outbreaks that one case or a herd infected with a communicable disease would produce in a completely susceptible population.48
Kinyarwanda: Umubare w’imyororokere w’ibanze R0 w’indwara ni impuzandengo y’abantu banduye kabiri cyangwa icyorezo indwara imwe cyangwa ubushyo yanduye indwara yandura yatanga mu baturage bakunze kwibasirwa.48\n
English: Because a lot times in relationships that at least some of the young people I work with, they're in a relationship with an older boy and at such a young age.
Kinyarwanda: Kuberako inshuro nyinshi mu bucuti byibuze bamwe mu bakiri bato dukorana, bari mu bucuti n'umuhungu mukuru kandi akiri muto.\n
English: See, they know you're gonna be high, but if you're excessively high you're just antagonizing them and you don't wanna do that.
Kinyarwanda: Reba, bazi ko uzaba hejuru, ariko niba uri hejuru cyane ubarwanya gusa kandi ntushaka kubikora.
English: Our proposed plan is based on an analysis of the elements which determine the conversation.
Kinyarwanda: Gahunda yacu yatanzwe ishingiye ku isesengura ryibintu bigena ikiganiro.
English: As I told you earlier, the goal of the requirements gathering phase it to understand the problem space.
Kinyarwanda: Nkuko nabikubwiye kare, intego yibisabwa gukusanya icyiciro kugirango yumve umwanya wibibazo.
English: For sixteen TTCs, curriculum development, assessment and certification is the responsibility of the University of Rwanda's College of Education UR-CE.
Kinyarwanda: Kuri TTC cumi n'itandatu, gutegura integanyanyigisho, gusuzuma no gutanga ibyemezo ninshingano za kaminuza nkuru yu Rwanda ishinzwe uburezi UR-CE.
English: As the list was compiled by the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs DEFRA, among others, we will refer to it as the ‘DEFRA list’ in this course.
Kinyarwanda: Nkuko urutonde rwateguwe n’ishami rishinzwe ibidukikije, ibiribwa n’ibibazo by’icyaro DEFRA, hamwe n’abandi, tuzabita 'urutonde rwa DEFRA'muri aya masomo.
English: In this 3rd  module of Basic introduction to Python and programming we look at making decisions
Kinyarwanda: Muri iyi module ya 3 yintangiriro yibanze kuri Python na programming tureba gufata ibyemezo
English: One is expected value and the second one is perceived value.
Kinyarwanda: Imwe iteganijwe agaciro naho iyakabiri igaragara agaciro.
English: Which soft skills are important?
Kinyarwanda: Ni ubuhe buhanga bworoshye ari ngombwa?
English: common sense - eLearning & training consultants GmbH is not responsible for the content of other websites referred to by means of a hyperlink.
Kinyarwanda: imyumvire isanzwe - eLiga & guhugura abajyanama GmbH ntabwo ishinzwe ibikubiye kurizindi mbuga zavuzwe hakoreshejwe hyperlink.
English: One one thousand, two one thousand, three one thousand, four one thousand, five one thousand.
Kinyarwanda: Igihumbi igihumbi, bibiri igihumbi, bitatu igihumbi, bine igihumbi, bitanu igihumbi.
English: So, crop insurance has been around but it hasn't worked that well.
Kinyarwanda: Ubwishingizi bwibihingwa rero bwabaye hafi ariko ntabwo bwakoze neza.
English: I could copy what my competitors are doing.
Kinyarwanda: Nshobora kwigana ibyo abanywanyi banjye bakora.
English: The young Aboriginal girls who attended residential schools were taught domestic skills to enter occupations that affirmed their prescribed or 'proper' gender roles.'
Kinyarwanda: Abakobwa bakiri bato b'abasangwabutaka bitabiriye amashuri yo guturamo bigishijwe ubuhanga bwo mu rugo kugira ngo binjire mu myuga yemeje uruhare rwabo cyangwa 'rutanga.'
English: The first one is how important is your origin in building your competitive advantage and your positioning in the markets you want to compete in.
Kinyarwanda: Iya mbere ningirakamaro nkomoko yawe mukubaka inyungu zawe zo guhatanira umwanya wawe mumasoko ushaka guhatanira.
English: Belmore has been quoted on her hopes for the project and the people involved.
Kinyarwanda: Belmore yavuzwe ku byiringiro afite kuri uyu mushinga ndetse n'ababigizemo uruhare.
English: Now that we've reviewed the organizational elements, let's recount the case of Adams Avenue School.
Kinyarwanda: Noneho ko tumaze gusuzuma ibintu byubuyobozi, reka dusubiremo ikibazo cyishuri rya Adams Avenue.
English: For instance, a family celebrating a new chief or a naming ceremony would host the potlatch.
Kinyarwanda: Kurugero, umuryango wizihiza umutware mushya cyangwa umuhango wo kwita izina wakira potlatch.
English: How quickly we could penetrate new markets.
Kinyarwanda: Nigute byihuse dushobora kwinjira mumasoko mashya
English: The final question that I'm going to address was about corporate responsibilities or rationalized myth and this is one that Juan asked.
Kinyarwanda: Ikibazo cya nyuma ngiye gukemura ni ku nshingano za sosiyete cyangwa ikinyoma cy'ubwenge kandi iki ni cyo Juan yabajije.
English: This will help remind you what you're actually looking at.
Kinyarwanda: Ibi bizagufasha kukwibutsa ibyo urimo kureba.\n
English: Adaptation means trying to prepare to live with the consequences resulting from climate change.
Kinyarwanda: Kwihuza bisobanura kugerageza kwitegura guhangana n'ingaruka ziterwa n'imihindagurikire y'ikirere.
English: Most studies estimate that hotels have the potential to save at least 10 - 20 % of the energy they consume.
Kinyarwanda: Ubushakashatsi bwinshi bugereranya ko amahoteri afite ubushobozi bwo kuzigama byibuze 10 - 20% yingufu bakoresha.
English: You're I'm 18 now, I need to think differently, I need to prioritize certain things, right? And that allows you to have a bigger focus picture which would sometimes make it easier to do these harder things.
Kinyarwanda: Ufite imyaka 18 ubu, nkeneye gutekereza ukundi, nkeneye gushyira imbere ibintu bimwe, sibyo? Kandi ibyo biragufasha kugira ishusho nini yibanze rimwe na rimwe byoroha gukora ibi bintu bikomeye.
English: This is scary, but we still have our health and each other.
Kinyarwanda: Ibi biteye ubwoba, ariko turacyafite ubuzima bwacu kandi buriwese.
English: This method can collect and analyse a large amount of secondary data and information, but depends on the data source and its reliability, as well as the method of analysis.
Kinyarwanda: Ubu buryo bushobora gukusanya no gusesengura umubare munini wamakuru yisumbuye hamwe namakuru, ariko biterwa ninkomoko yamakuru kandi yizewe, hamwe nuburyo bwo gusesengura.
English: We have another offer on the table, 600k.
Kinyarwanda: Dufite ikindi kintu gitanga kumeza, 600k.
English: Highly respected individuals were held in high esteem due to their generosity and giving nature.
Kinyarwanda: Abantu bubashywe cyane bubahwa cyane kubera ubuntu bwabo no gutanga kamere.\n
English: Another one that Paul, I think, raised was whether a degree is a myth itself and what that entails.
Kinyarwanda: Undi Pawulo, ntekereza ko yazamuye ni ukumenya niba impamyabumenyi ari umugani ubwacyo nicyo gikubiyemo.
English: But I have found a little trick to waylay the, the speaker, and that is by asking a question.
Kinyarwanda: Ariko nabonye amayeri make yo gutondeka, umuvugizi, kandi nibyo mubaza ikibazo
English: From our attention, to our memory to everyday learning, to decision making, to the quality of our relationships, our physical and our mental health, our creativity and our academic and workplace performance.
Kinyarwanda: Kuva mubitekerezo byacu, kubyibuka kugeza kumyigire ya buri munsi, gufata ibyemezo, kugeza kumiterere yimibanire yacu, ubuzima bwumubiri nubuzima bwo mumutwe, guhanga kwacu nibikorwa byamasomo nakazi.
English: You just have to remember to floss or you floss after brushing where it's like you have some cue, it's morning, you brush and then you just add the flossing to the end.
Kinyarwanda: Ugomba kwibuka gusa kurabyo cyangwa guhindagurika nyuma yo koza aho bisa nkaho ufite ibimenyetso, ni mugitondo, urahanagura hanyuma ukongeramo ibimera kugeza kumpera.
English: It's a managerial kind of effort.
Kinyarwanda: Nubuyobozi bwimbaraga.
English: A pay-first-eat-later policy and the process to facilitate payment upfront?
Kinyarwanda: Ese hari gahunda yo kwishyura mbere yo kurya no kwishyura nyuma?
English: Although the term ‘general’ does not sound terribly promising, it is applicable because the module will introduce you to planning a project in terms of defining objectives, involving stakeholders and describing the project and its expected results.
Kinyarwanda: Nubwo ijambo 'rusange'ritumvikana neza cyane, rirakurikizwa kuko module izakumenyesha gutegura umushinga muburyo bwo gusobanura intego, zirimo abafatanyabikorwa no gusobanura umushinga nibisubizo byateganijwe.
English: We can also give users a list of items and have them rank them from the most to the least preferred.
Kinyarwanda: Turashobora kandi guha abakoresha urutonde rwibintu hanyuma tukabishyira kurutonde kuva kuri byinshi kugeza kuri bike byatoranijwe.
English: So it can be a maverick in some regard.
Kinyarwanda: Birashobora rero kuba maverick muburyo bumwe.
English: Even though many women do get paid for domestic work, cleaning houses, babysitting, and doing other tasks for wealthier families, such work is, for the most part, not included as contributing to a country's gross national product.
Kinyarwanda: Nubwo abagore benshi bahembwa imirimo yo murugo, gusukura amazu, kurera abana, no gukora indi mirimo kumiryango ikize, akazi nkako, ahanini, ntabwo karimo uruhare mu musaruro rusange w’igihugu.
English: Settlement was facilitated with the extension of new technologies.
Kinyarwanda: Gutura byoroherejwe no kwagura ikoranabuhanga rishya.
English: So when I was an undergraduate I was taking physical chemistry in my third year and I became fascinated with the fact that you could take equations, you could take simple rules of physics.
Kinyarwanda: Igihe rero nari umunyeshuri wa kaminuza niga chimie physique mumwaka wa gatatu maze nshimishwa nuko ushobora gufata ibigereranyo, ushobora gufata amategeko yoroshye ya fiziki.\n
English: Business-to-government B2G e-commerce can generally be defined as transactions with the government.
Kinyarwanda: Ubucuruzi kuri guverinoma B2G e-ubucuruzi bushobora gusobanurwa nkibikorwa na leta.
English: It's It isn't often that investors will tell that to an investment manager.
Kinyarwanda: ni, si kenshi abashoramari babwira ibyo umucungamari.
English: Children's needs are to be taken seriously and they must have a voice in social life, just like adults.
Kinyarwanda: Ibyo abana bakeneye bigomba kwitabwaho bikomeye kandi bagomba kugira ijambo mu buzima rusange, kimwe n'abantu bakuru.
English: When we move again further west into Treaty Seven, even less contact with non-Natives.
Kinyarwanda: Iyo twongeye kwimuka tugana iburengerazuba mumasezerano arindwi, ndetse ntitubonane nabatari kavukire.
English: Are you missing someone? Was someone left behind in the house? Are you hungry? Whom could we call? Do you have the number of an interpreter? Etc.
Kinyarwanda: Wabuze umuntu?  Hari umuntu wasigaye mu nzu?  Urashonje?  Ni nde dushobora guhamagara?  Ufite umubare wumusemuzi?  Ibik.
English: While it's true that in most cases, there is no interaction between the designer and the user during this observation, the designer must have a plan for the observation session.
Kinyarwanda: Nubwo ari ukuri ko mubihe byinshi, nta mikoranire iri hagati yuwashizeho nuyikoresha mugihe cyo kwitegereza, uwashizeho agomba kuba afite gahunda yigihe cyo kwitegereza.
English: And that this is also the circumstances that leads to protest and violence.
Kinyarwanda: Kandi ko ibi ari nabyo bituma habaho imyigaragambyo n'urugomo.
English: Many theoretical and empirical analyses of economic growth attribute a major role to a country's level of human capital, defined as the skills of the population or the work force.
Kinyarwanda: Isesengura ryinshi ryerekana kandi rifatika ryiterambere ryubukungu ryerekana uruhare runini kurwego rwigihugu rwumutungo wabantu, bisobanurwa nkubuhanga bwabaturage cyangwa abakozi.
English: The cost of accepting this risk should be taken into account when calculating the pie.
Kinyarwanda: Igiciro cyo kwakira iyi ngaruka kigomba kwitabwaho mugihe ubara pie.
English: You need to break out and change.
Kinyarwanda: Ugomba gutandukana no guhinduka.
English: So, why does this happen? Well, people like to reach an agreement.
Kinyarwanda: None, kubera iki ibi bibaho? Nibyiza, abantu bakunda kumvikana.
English: Another, Stephanie Oberlander, had really neat comments which brought up notions of authority that Max Vaber talks about, who's a sociologist, again.
Kinyarwanda: Undi, Stephanie Oberlander, yari afite ibitekerezo byiza rwose byazanye imyumvire y'ubutegetsi Max Vaber avuga, akaba na sociologue, yongeye.
English: It therefore seeks to restore balance in the community after a wrong has occurred.
Kinyarwanda: Irashaka rero kugarura uburinganire mubaturage nyuma yibibazo bibaye.
English: In this section you have some specific videos divided in age ranges, from zero to three, from three to six.
Kinyarwanda: Muri iki gice, hari videwo zimwe na zimwe zashyizwe mu byiciro by'imyaka, kuva kuri 0 kugeza kuri 3, kuva kuri 3 kugeza kuri 6.
English: Five Characteristics/Facts about innovation in the public sector:
Kinyarwanda: Ibintu bitanu biranga / Amakuru yerekeye guhanga udushya mu nzego za Leta: