# 2.3 ISSUED BUT NOT YET EFFECTIVE HONG KONG FINANCIAL REPORTING STANDARDS (Continued)

Amendments to HKFRS 3 clarify and provide additional guidance on the definition of a business. The amendments clarify that for an integrated set of activities and assets to be considered a business, it must include, at a minimum, an input and a substantive process that together significantly contribute to the ability to create output. A business can exist without including all of the inputs and processes needed to create outputs. The amendments remove the assessment of whether market participants are capable of acquiring the business and continue to produce outputs. Instead, the focus is on whether acquired inputs and acquired substantive processes together significantly contribute to the ability to create outputs. The amendments have also narrowed the definition of outputs to focus on goods or services provided to customers, investment income or other income from ordinary activities. Furthermore, the amendments provide guidance to assess whether an acquired process is substantive and introduce an optional fair value concentration test to permit a simplified assessment of whether an acquired set of activities and assets is not a business. The Group expects to adopt the amendments prospectively from 1 January 2020.

2.3 已頒佈但尚未生效之香港財務報告準則（續）

香港財務報告準則第3號修訂本澄清並額外提供有關業務定義之指引。該等修訂本澄 清，就一系列綜合活動及資產而言，其須至少包括一項投入及一個實質性過程，可共同對創造產出之能力作出明顯貢獻，方會被視為業務。業務可在不包括創造產出所需之所有投入及過程之情況下存在。該等修訂本 移除了對市場參與 者能否獲 取業務並繼續創造產出之評估。相反，其側重所獲取之投入及所獲取之實質性過程能否共同對創造產出之能力作出明顯貢獻。該等 修訂 本亦縮小了產出之 定 義，轉而側重向客戶提供之貨品或服務、投資收入或一 般 活動所產生 之其他 收 入。此外，該等修訂本在評估所獲取之過程是否具有實質性方面提供了指引，並引入可選之公平值集中測試，以准許對所獲取之一系列活動及資產是否並非業務作出簡化評估。本集團預期將自二零二零年一月一日起以未來適用法採納該等修訂本。

# 2.3 ISSUED BUT NOT YET EFFECTIVE HONG KONG FINANCIAL REPORTING STANDARDS (Continued)

HKFRS 16 replaces HKAS 17 Leases, HK(IFRIC)-Int 4 Determining whether an Arrangement contains a Lease, HK(SIC)-Int 15 Operating Leases — Incentives and HK(SIC)-Int 27 Evaluating the Substance of Transactions Involving the Legal Form of a Lease. The standard sets out the principles for the recognition, measurement, presentation and disclosure of leases and requires lessees to recognise assets and liabilities for most leases. The standard includes two elective recognition exemptions for lessees — leases of low-value assets and short-term leases. At the commencement date of a lease, a lessee will recognise a liability to make lease payments (i.e., the lease liability) and an asset representing the right to use the underlying asset during the lease term (i.e., the right-of-use asset). The right-of-use asset is subsequently measured at cost less accumulated depreciation and any impairment losses unless the right-of-use asset meets the definition of investment property in HKAS 40, or relates to a class of property, plant and equipment to which the revaluation model is applied. The lease liability is subsequently increased to reflect the interest on the lease liability and reduced for the lease payments. Lessees will be required to separately recognise the interest expense on the lease liability and the depreciation expense on the right-of-use asset. Lessees will also be required to remeasure the lease liability upon the occurrence of certain events, such as change in the lease term and change in future lease payments resulting from a change in an index or rate used to determine those payments. Lessees will generally recognise the amount of the remeasurement of the lease liability as an adjustment to the right-of-use asset. Lessor accounting under HKFRS 16 is substantially unchanged from the accounting under HKAS 17. Lessors will continue to classify all leases using the same classification principle as in HKAS 17 and distinguish between operating leases and finance leases. HKFRS 16 requires lessees and lessors to make more extensive disclosures than under HKAS 17. Lessees can choose to apply the standard using either a full retrospective or a modified retrospective approach. The standard will affect primarily the accounting for Group’s operating leases. As at the reporting date, the Group has non-cancellable operating lease commitments of HK\$2,177,000. However, the Group has not yet determined to what extent these commitments will result in the recognition of an asset and a liability for future payments and how this will affect the Group’s profit and classification of cash flows.

Some of the commitments may be covered by the exception for short-term and low value leases and some commitments may relate to arrangements that will not qualify as leases under HKFRS 16.

The Group will apply the standard from its mandatory adoption date of 1 January 2019. The Group intends to apply the simplified transition approach and will not restate comparative amounts for the year prior to first adoption. Right-of-use assets for property leases will be measured on transition as if the new rules had always been applied. All other right-of-use assets will be measured at the amount of the lease liability on adoption (adjusted for any prepaid or accrued lease expenses).

2.3 已頒佈但尚未生效之香港財務報告準則（續）

香港財務報告準則第16號取代香港會計準則第17號「租賃」、香港（國際財務報告詮釋委員會）— 詮釋第4號「釐 租賃」、定安排是否包括香 港（常 務 詮 釋 委員會）— 詮釋第15號「經營租賃 — 優惠」及香港（常務詮釋委員會）— 詮釋第27號「評估涉及租賃法律形 、式 交 易 之 內 容」。該準則載列確認、計量呈列及披露租賃之原則，並要求承租人就大多數租賃確認資產及負債。該準則包括給予承租人兩項租賃確認豁免 — 低價值資產租賃及短期租賃。於租賃開始日期，承租人將確認於租賃期內支付租賃款項 之負債（即租 賃負債）及代 表相關資 產 使用權之資 產（即 使 用權資 產）。除非 使 用權資產符合香港會計準則第40號內投資物業之定義或與應用重估模型之物業、廠房及設備類別有關，否則使用權資產其後按成本減累計折舊及任何減值虧損計量。租賃負債其後會就反映租賃負債利息而增加及因支付租賃款項而減少。承租人將須分別確認租賃負債之利息開支及使用權資產之折舊開支。承租人亦須於若干事件發生時重新計量租賃負債，例如由於租賃期變更或用於釐定日後租賃款項之指數或比率變更而引致該等款項變更。承租人普遍將重新計量租賃負債之金額確認為對使用權資產之調整。香港財務報告準則第16號下之出租人會計法與香港會計準則第17號下之會計法相比並無重大變動。出租人將繼續利用香港會計準則第17號內之同一分類原則將所有租賃分類，並會區分經營租賃及融資租賃。香港財務報告準則第16號規定承租人及出租人作出較香港會計準則第17號項下者更為廣泛之披露。承租人可選擇於應用該準則時採用全面追溯或經調整之追溯方法。該準則將主要影響本集團之經營租 賃會計處理。於報告日期，本集團之不可撤銷經營租賃承擔為2,177,000港元。然而，本集團尚未釐 定將因該等承擔之日後款項而確認之資產及負債金額，以及其將對本集團溢利及現金流量分類之影響。

部分承擔可應用短期及低價值租賃之豁免，而部分承擔則可能與根據香港財務報告準則第16號不合資格成為租賃之安排有關。

本集團將於二零一九年一月一日強制採納日期採納該準則。本集團計劃採納簡單過渡法，首次採納前之年度比較資料不會重列。物業租賃之使用權資產將於過渡時計量，猶如一直應用新準則。所有其他使用權資產將按於採納時之租賃負債金額計量（並 就任 何 預付 或 應 計 租 賃開支調 整）。