Middle cranial fossa - wikipedia Middle cranial fossa Middle cranial fossa Base of the skull. Upper surface. ( Middle cranial fossa is the centermost of the three indentations, in pink and yellow. ) Details Identifiers Latin fossa cranii media TA A02. 1.00. 049 FMA 54369 Anatomical terminology ( edit on Wikidata ) The middle cranial fossa, deeper than the anterior cranial fossa, is narrow medially and widens laterally to the sides of the skull. It is separated from the posterior fossa by the clivus and the petrous crest. It is bounded in front by the posterior margins of the lesser wings of the sphenoid bone, the anterior clinoid processes, and the ridge forming the anterior margin of the chiasmatic groove ; behind, by the superior angles of the petrous portions of the temporal bones and the dorsum sellæ ; laterally by the temporal squamæ, sphenoidal angles of the parietals, and greater wings of the sphenoid. It is traversed by the squamosal, sphenoparietal, sphenosquamosal, and sphenopetrosal sutures. It houses the temporal lobes of the brain and the pituitary gland. A middle fossa craniotomy is one means to surgically remove acoustic neuromas ( vestibular schwannoma ) growing within the internal auditory canal of the temporal bone. Middle cranial fossa surgical anatomy as demonstrated in a right cadaver temporal bone by Dr Jack M Kartush - view from above. Contents 1 Middle part 2 Lateral parts 3 See also 4 References 5 Additional images 6 External links Middle part The middle part of the fossa presents, in front, the chiasmatic groove and tuberculum sellae ; the chiasmatic groove ends on either side at the optic foramen, which transmits the optic nerve and ophthalmic artery to the orbital cavity. Behind the optic foramen the anterior clinoid process is directed backward and medialward and gives attachment to the tentorium cerebelli. Behind the tuberculum sellæ is a deep depression, the sella turcica, containing the fossa hypophyseos, which lodges the hypophysis, and presents on its anterior wall the middle clinoid processes. The sella turcica is bounded posteriorly by a quadrilateral plate of bone, the dorsum sellae, the upper angles of which are surmounted by the posterior clinoid processes : these afford attachment to the tentorium cerebelli, and below each is a notch for the abducent nerve. On either side of the sella turcica is the carotid groove, which is broad, shallow, and curved somewhat like the italic letter f. It begins behind at the foramen lacerum, and ends on the medial side of the anterior clinoid process, where it is sometimes converted into a foramen ( carotico - clinoid ) by the union of the anterior with the middle clinoid process ; posteriorly, it is bounded laterally by the lingula. This groove lodges the cavernous sinus and the internal carotid artery, the latter being surrounded by a plexus of sympathetic nerves. Lateral parts The lateral parts of the middle fossa are of considerable depth, and support the temporal lobes of the brain. They are marked by depressions for the brain convolutions and traversed by furrows for the anterior and posterior branches of the middle meningeal vessels. These furrows begin near the foramen spinosum, and the anterior runs forward and upward to the sphenoidal angle of the parietal, where it is sometimes converted into a bony canal ; the posterior runs lateralward and backward across the temporal squama and passes on to the parietal near the middle of its lower border. The following apertures are also to be seen. In front is the superior orbital fissure, bounded above by the small wing, below, by the great wing, and medially, by the body of the sphenoid ; it is usually completed laterally by the orbital plate of the frontal bone. It transmits to the orbital cavity the oculomotor, the trochlear, the ophthalmic division of the trigeminal, and the abducent nerves, some filaments from the cavernous plexus of the sympathetic, and the orbital branch of the middle meningeal artery ; and from the orbital cavity a recurrent branch from the lacrimal artery to the dura mater, and the ophthalmic veins. Behind the medial end of the superior orbital fissure is the foramen rotundum, for the passage of the maxillary nerve. Behind and lateral to the foramen rotundum is the foramen ovale, which transmits the mandibular nerve, the accessory meningeal artery, and the lesser superficial petrosal nerve. Medial to the foramen ovale is the foramen Vesalii, which varies in size in different individuals, and is often absent ; when present, it opens below at the lateral side of the scaphoid fossa, and transmits a small vein. Lateral to the foramen ovale is the foramen spinosum, for the passage of the middle meningeal vessels, and a recurrent branch from the mandibular nerve. Medial to the foramen ovale is the foramen lacerum ; in the fresh state the lower part of this aperture is filled up by a layer of fibrocartilage, while its upper and inner parts transmit the internal carotid artery surrounded by a plexus of sympathetic nerves. The nerve of the pterygoid canal and a meningeal branch from the ascending pharyngeal artery pierce the layer of fibrocartilage. On the anterior surface of the petrous portion of the temporal bone are seen the eminence caused by the projection of the superior semicircular canal ; in front of and a little lateral to this a depression corresponding to the roof of the tympanic cavity ; the groove leading to the hiatus of the facial canal, for the transmission of the greater superficial petrosal nerve and the petrosal branch of the middle meningeal artery ; beneath it, the smaller groove, for the passage of the lesser superficial petrosal nerve ; and, near the apex of the bone, the depression for the semilunar ganglion and the orifice of the carotid canal. See also Anterior cranial fossa Posterior cranial fossa References This article incorporates text in the public domain from the 20th edition of Gray 's Anatomy ( 1918 ) Jump up ^ Mancall, Elliott L. ; Brock, David G., eds. ( 2011 ). `` Cranial Fossae ''. Gray 's Clinical Anatomy. Elsevier Health Sciences. p. 154. ISBN 9781437735802. Additional images Middle cranial fossa at human foetus Base of skull Middle cranial fossa Middle cranial fossa Middle cranial fossa External links Wikimedia Commons has media related to Middle cranial fossa. Anatomy photo : 22 : os - 0802 at the SUNY Downstate Medical Center Compound structures of skull Neurocranium Calvaria Diploë Asterion Pterion Stephanion Inion Bregma Lambda Fossae anterior middle posterior cranial cavity Base of skull Fontanelle anterior posterior sphenoidal mastoid Facial skeleton Nasion Gonion Both dacryon zygomatic arch temporal fossa infratemporal fossa pterygomaxillary fissure pterygopalatine fossa Foramina of the skull ( and canals, fissures, meatus, and hiatus ) Anterior cranial fossa to Orbit : ethmoidal foramina anterior posterior to Nasal cavity : olfactory foramina ( CN - I ) foramen cecum Middle cranial fossa to Orbit : optic canal ( CN - II ) superior orbital fissure ( CN - III, IV, V1, VI ) to Pterygopalatine fossa : foramen rotundum ( CN - V2 ) pterygoid canal to Infratemporal fossa : foramen ovale ( CN - V3 ) foramen spinosum / carotid canal other : foramen lacerum hiatus for greater petrosal nerve hiatus for lesser petrosal nerve sphenoidal emissary foramen Posterior cranial fossa internal auditory meatus / facial canal / stylomastoid foramen ( CN - VII, VIII ) jugular foramen ( CN - IX, X, XI ) foramen magnum ( CN - XI ) hypoglossal canal ( CN - XII ) condylar canal mastoid foramen Orbit to Nasal cavity : nasolacrimal canal to face : supraorbital notch foramen infraorbital foramen groove zygomatic foramen - facial - temporal to Pterygopalatine fossa : inferior orbital fissure other : Inferior orbital fissure Fossa for lacrimal sac Pterygopalatine fossa to Nasal cavity : sphenopalatine foramen to Oral cavity : greater palatine canal foramen lesser palatine canals foramina to Infratemporal fossa : pterygomaxillary fissure to Nasopharynx : palatovaginal canal to oral cavity : incisive canals incisive foramen to nasal cavity : Foramen vomerinum Meatus vomerinus Fissura vomerina Hiatus vomerinus Other external acoustic meatus mandibular foramen mental foramen parietal foramen petrotympanic fissure semilunar hiatus Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Middle_cranial_fossa&oldid=808415657 '' Categories : Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the 20th edition of Gray 's Anatomy ( 1918 ) Skull Hidden categories : Medicine infobox template using GraySubject or GrayPage Talk Contents About Wikipedia Deutsch فارسی Polski Edit links This page was last edited on 2 November 2017, at 18 : 54. 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Question: what part of the brain is in the middle cranial fossa
Answer: the temporal lobes; temporal lobes; the temporal lobes; the temporal lobes