Muhammad Yunus - wikipedia Muhammad Yunus For other people with similar names, see Mohammad Yunus ( disambiguation ). It has been suggested that Trial of Muhammad Yunus be merged into this article. ( Discuss ) Proposed since December 2015. Muhammad Yunus Yunus at a University of Salford event ( May 2013 ) ( 1940 - 06 - 28 ) 28 June 1940 ( age 77 ) Chittagong, Bengal Presidency, British India Nationality Bangladeshi Institution University of Chittagong Shahjalal University of Science and Technology Middle Tennessee State University Glasgow Caledonian University Field Microcredit theory Development economics School or tradition Microcredit Alma mater University of Dhaka Vanderbilt University Contributions Grameen Bank Microcredit Awards Ramon Magsaysay Award ( 1984 ) Independence Day Award ( 1987 ) Aga Khan Award for Architecture ( 1989 ) World Food Prize ( 1994 ) Pfeffer Peace Prize ( 1994 ) Gandhi Peace Prize ( 2000 ) Volvo Environment Prize ( 2003 ) Nobel Peace Prize ( 2006 ) Presidential Medal of Freedom ( 2009 ) Congressional Gold Medal ( 2010 ) Information at IDEAS / RePEc Muhammad Yunus ( Bengali : মুহাম্মদ ইউনূস ; born 28 June 1940 ) is a Bangladeshi social entrepreneur, banker, economist, and civil society leader who was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for founding the Grameen Bank and pioneering the concepts of microcredit and microfinance. These loans are given to entrepreneurs too poor to qualify for traditional bank loans. In 2006, Yunus and the Grameen Bank were jointly awarded the Nobel Peace Prize `` for their efforts through microcredit to create economic and social development from below ''. The Norwegian Nobel Committee said that `` lasting peace can not be achieved unless large population groups find ways in which to break out of poverty '' and that `` across cultures and civilizations, Yunus and Grameen Bank have shown that even the poorest of the poor can work to bring about their own development ''. Yunus has received several other national and international honours. He received the United States Presidential Medal of Freedom in 2009 and the Congressional Gold Medal in 2010. In 2008, he was rated number 2 in Foreign Policy magazine 's list of the ' Top 100 Global Thinkers '. In February 2011, Yunus together with Saskia Bruysten, Sophie Eisenmann and Hans Reitz co-founded Yunus Social Business -- Global Initiatives ( YSB ). YSB creates and empowers social businesses to address and solve social problems around the world. As the international implementation arm for Yunus ' vision of a new, humane capitalism, YSB manages incubator funds for social businesses in developing countries and provides advisory services to companies, governments, foundations and NGOs. In 2012, he became Chancellor of Glasgow Caledonian University in Scotland. He is a member of the advisory board at Shahjalal University of Science and Technology. Previously, he was a professor of economics at Chittagong University in Bangladesh. He published several books related to his finance work. He is a founding board member of Grameen America and Grameen Foundation, which support microcredit. Yunus also serves on the board of directors of the United Nations Foundation, a public charity created in 1998 by American philanthropist Ted Turner 's $1 billion gift to support UN causes. In March 2011, the Bangladesh government fired Yunus from his position at Grameen Bank, citing legal violations and an age limit on his position. Bangladesh 's High Court affirmed the removal on 8 March. Yunus and Grameen Bank are appealing the decision, claiming Yunus ' removal was politically motivated. Contents 1 Early life and education 1.1 Early years 1.2 After graduation 2 Early career 3 Recognition 4 Political activity 5 Controversies 5.1 Allegations of embezzlement 5.2 Accusation of ' loan sharking ' and effectiveness of microfinance 5.3 Political motivations behind the allegations 5.4 Transition to new management 5.5 Allegations involving partners : the food case and the phone case 5.6 Criticism of ideas 6 Personal life 6.1 Yunus Centre 7 Publications 8 Documentaries 9 Legacy and honours 10 See also 11 References 12 Further reading 13 External links Early Life and education Early years Yunus visiting Chittagong Collegiate School, in 2003 The third of nine children, Yunus was born on 28 June 1940 to a Bengali Muslim family in the village of Bathua, by the Boxirhat Road in Hathazari, Chittagong in the Bengal Presidency of the British Raj, which today forms modern Bangladesh. His father was Hazi Dula Mia Shoudagar, a jeweler, and his mother was Sufia Khatun. His early childhood was spent in the village. In 1944, his family moved to the city of Chittagong, and he moved from his village school to Lamabazar Primary School. By 1949, his mother was afflicted with psychological illness. Later, he passed the matriculation examination from Chittagong Collegiate School ranking 16th of 39,000 students in East Pakistan. During his school years, he was an active Boy Scout, and traveled to West Pakistan and India in 1952, and to Canada in 1955 to attend Jamborees. Later while Yunus studied at Chittagong College, he became active in cultural activities and won awards for drama. In 1957, he enrolled in the Department of Economics at Dhaka University and completed his BA in 1960 and MA in 1961. After graduation After his graduation, Yunus joined the Bureau of Economics as a research assistant to the economics researches of Professor Nurul Islam and Rehman Sobhan. Later, he was appointed lecturer in economics in Chittagong College in 1961. During that time, he also set up a profitable packaging factory on the side. In 1965, he received a Fulbright scholarship to study in the United States. He obtained his PhD in economics from the Vanderbilt University Graduate Program in Economic Development ( GPED ) in 1971. From 1969 to 1972, Yunus was assistant professor of economics at Middle Tennessee State University in Murfreesboro. During the Bangladesh Liberation War in 1971, Yunus founded a citizen 's committee and ran the Bangladesh Information Center, with other Bangladeshis in the United States, to raise support for liberation. He also published the Bangladesh Newsletter from his home in Nashville. After the War, he returned to Bangladesh and was appointed to the government 's Planning Commission headed by Nurul Islam. However, he found the job boring and resigned to join Chittagong University as head of the Economics department. After observing the famine of 1974, he became involved in poverty reduction and established a rural economic program as a research project. In 1975, he developed a Nabajug ( New Era ) Tebhaga Khamar ( three share farm ) which the government adopted as the Packaged Input Programme. In order to make the project more effective, Yunus and his associates proposed the Gram Sarkar ( the village government ) programme. Introduced by president Ziaur Rahman in the late 1970s, the Government formed 40,392 village governments as a fourth layer of government in 2003. On 2 August 2005, in response to a petition by Bangladesh Legal Aids and Services Trust ( BLAST ) the High Court had declared village governments illegal and unconstitutional. His concept of microcredit for supporting innovators in multiple developing countries also inspired programs such as the Infolady Social Entrepreneurship Programme. Early career Main article : Grameen Bank Further information : Grameen family of organizations Grameen Bank Head Office at Mirpur - 2, Dhaka In 1976, during visits to the poorest households in the village of Jobra near Chittagong University, Yunus discovered that very small loans could make a disproportionate difference to a poor person. Village women who made bamboo furniture had to take usurious loans to buy bamboo, and repay their profits to the lenders. Traditional banks did not want to make tiny loans at reasonable interest to the poor due to high risk of default. But Yunus believed that, given the chance, the poor will repay the money and hence microcredit was a viable business model. Yunus lent US $27 of his money to 42 women in the village, who made a profit of BDT 0.50 ( US $0.02 ) each on the loan. Thus, Yunus is credited with the idea of microcredit. In December 1976, Yunus finally secured a loan from the government Janata Bank to lend to the poor in Jobra. The institution continued to operate, securing loans from other banks for its projects. By 1982, it had 28,000 members. On 1 October 1983, the pilot project began operation as a full - fledged bank for poor Bangladeshis and was renamed Grameen Bank ( `` Village Bank '' ). Yunus and his colleagues encountered everything from violent radical leftists to conservative clergy who told women that they would be denied a Muslim burial if they borrowed money from Grameen. By July 2007, Grameen had issued US $6.38 billion to 7.4 million borrowers. To ensure repayment, the bank uses a system of `` solidarity groups ''. These small informal groups apply together for loans and its members act as co-guarantors of repayment and support one another 's efforts at economic self - advancement. In the late 1980s, Grameen started to diversify by attending to underutilized fishing ponds and irrigation pumps like deep tube wells. In 1989, these diversified interests started growing into separate organizations. The fisheries project became Grameen Motsho ( `` Grameen Fisheries Foundation '' ) and the irrigation project became Grameen Krishi ( `` Grameen Agriculture Foundation '' ). In time, the Grameen initiative grew into a multi-faceted group of profitable and non-profit ventures, including major projects like Grameen Trust and Grameen Fund, which runs equity projects like Grameen Software Limited, Grameen CyberNet Limited, and Grameen Knitwear Limited, as well as Grameen Telecom, which has a stake in Grameenphone ( GP ), the biggest private phone company in Bangladesh. From its start in March 1997 to 2007, GP 's Village Phone ( Polli Phone ) project had brought cell - phone ownership to 260,000 rural poor in over 50,000 villages. In 1974 we ended up with a famine in the country. People were dying of hunger and not having enough to eat. And that 's a terrible situation to see around you. And I was feeling terrible that here I teach elegant theories of economics, and those theories are of no use at the moment with the people who are going hungry. So I wanted to see if as a person, as a human being, I could be of some use to some people. - Dr. Muhammad Yunus while talking about reason behind creating Grameen Bank The success of the Grameen microfinance model inspired similar efforts in about 100 developing countries and even in developed countries including the United States. Many microcredit projects retain Grameen 's emphasis of lending to women. More than 94 % of Grameen loans have gone to women, who suffer disproportionately from poverty and who are more likely than men to devote their earnings to their families. For his work with Grameen, Yunus was named an Ashoka : Innovators for the Public Global Academy Member in 2001. In the book Grameen Social Business Model, its author Rashidul Bari said that Grameen 's social business model ( GSBM ) has gone from being theory to an inspiring practice adopted by leading universities ( e.g., Glasgow ), entrepreneurs ( e.g., Franck Riboud ) and corporations ( e.g., Danone ) across the globe. Through Grameen Bank, Rashidul Bari claims that Yunus demonstrated how Grameen Social Business Model can harness the entrepreneurial spirit to empower poor women and alleviate their poverty. One conclusion Bari suggested to draw from Yunus ' concepts is that the poor are like a `` bonsai tree '', and they can do big things if they get access to the social business that holds potential to empower them to become self - sufficient. Recognition Main article : List of awards received by Muhammad Yunus Yunus was awarded the 2006 Nobel Peace Prize, along with Grameen Bank, for their efforts to create economic and social development. In the prize announcement The Norwegian Nobel Committee mentioned : Yunus at the Grand Hotel in Oslo, Norway Muhammad Yunus has shown himself to be a leader who has managed to translate visions into practical action for the benefit of millions of people, not only in Bangladesh, but also in many other countries. Loans to poor people without any financial security had appeared to be an impossible idea. From modest beginnings three decades ago, Yunus has, first and foremost through Grameen Bank, developed micro-credit into an ever more important instrument in the struggle against poverty. Yunus was the first Bangladeshi to ever get a Nobel Prize. After receiving the news of the important award, Yunus announced that he would use part of his share of the $1.4 million ( equivalent to $1.70 million in 2017 ) award money to create a company to make low - cost, high - nutrition food for the poor ; while the rest would go toward setting up an eye hospital for the poor in Bangladesh. Former US president Bill Clinton was a vocal advocate for the awarding of the Nobel Prize to Yunus. He expressed this in Rolling Stone magazine as well as in his autobiography My Life. In a speech given at University of California, Berkeley in 2002, President Clinton described Yunus as `` a man who long ago should have won the Nobel Prize ( in Economics and ) I 'll keep saying that until they finally give it to him. '' Conversely, The Economist stated explicitly that while Yunus was doing excellent work to fight poverty, it was not appropriate to award him the Peace Prize, stating : ``... the Nobel committee could have made a braver, more difficult, choice by declaring that there would be no recipient at all. '' Muhammad Yunus at the Annual Meeting 2009 of the World Economic Forum in Davos, Switzerland He is one of only seven persons to have won the Nobel Peace Prize, Presidential Medal of Freedom, and the Congressional Gold Medal. Other notable awards include the Ramon Magsaysay Award in 1984, the World Food Prize, the International Simon Bolivar Prize ( 1996 ), the Prince of Asturias Award for Concord and the Sydney Peace Prize in 1998, and the Seoul Peace Prize in 2006. Additionally, Yunus has been awarded 50 honorary doctorate degrees from universities across 20 countries, and 113 international awards from 26 different countries including state honours from 10 countries. Bangladesh government brought out a commemorative stamp to honour his Nobel Award. Yunus was named by Fortune Magazine in March 2012 as one of 12 greatest entrepreneurs of the current era. In its citation, Fortune Magazine said `` Yunus ' idea inspired countless numbers of young people to devote themselves to social causes all over the world. '' In January 2008, Houston, Texas declared 14 January as `` Muhammad Yunus Day ''. Yunus was named among the most desired thinkers the world should listen to by the FP 100 ( world 's most influential elite ) in the December 2009 issue of Foreign Policy magazine. Muhammad Yunus with Brazilian President Lula Da Silva in 2008 after winning Nobel Peace Prize In 2010, The British Magazine New Statesman listed Yunus at 40th in the list of `` The World 's 50 Most Influential Figures 2010 ''. Yunus received 50 honorary doctorate degrees from universities from Argentina, Australia, Bangladesh, Belgium, Canada, Costa Rica, India, Italy, Japan, Korea, Lebanon, Malaysia, Peru, Russia, South Africa, Spain, Thailand, Turkey, the UK, and the US. United Nations Secretary General, Ban Ki - Moon, invited Yunus to serve as an MDG Advocate. Yunus sits on the Board of United Nations Foundation, Schwab Foundation, Prince Albert II of Monaco Foundation, Grameen Credit Agricole Microcredit Foundation. He has been a member of Fondation Chirac 's honour committee, ever since the foundation was launched in 2008 by former French president Jacques Chirac in order to promote world peace. Yunus has become a well - known international figure. He has delivered numerous lectures around the world, and has appeared on popular television shows, including The Daily Show with Jon Stewart and The Oprah Winfrey Show in 2006, The Colbert Report in 2008, Real Time with Bill Maher in 2009 and The Simpsons in 2010. On Google+, Yunus is one of the most followed person worldwide, with over two million followers. Political activity Yunus ( right ) at a book signing at the London School of Economics See also : Nagorik Shakti In early 2006 Yunus, along with other members of the civil society including Professor Rehman Sobhan, Justice Muhammad Habibur Rahman, Dr Kamal Hossain, Matiur Rahman, Mahfuz Anam and Debapriya Bhattacharya, participated in a campaign for honest and clean candidates in national elections. He considered entering politics in the later part of that year. On 11 February 2007, Yunus wrote an open letter, published in the Bangladeshi newspaper Daily Star, where he asked citizens for views on his plan to float a political party to establish political goodwill, proper leadership and good governance. In the letter, he called on everyone to briefly outline how he should go about the task and how they can contribute to it. Yunus finally announced that he is willing to launch a political party tentatively called Citizens ' Power ( Nagorik Shakti ) on 18 February 2007. There was speculation that the army supported a move by Yunus into politics. On 3 May, however, Yunus declared that he had decided to abandon his political plans following a meeting with the head of the interim government, Fakhruddin Ahmed. In July 2007 in Johannesburg, South Africa, Nelson Mandela, Graça Machel and Desmond Tutu convened a group of world leaders `` to contribute their wisdom, independent leadership and integrity to tackle some of the world 's toughest problems. '' Nelson Mandela announced the formation of this new group, The Elders, in a speech he delivered on the occasion of his 89th birthday. Yunus attended the launch of the group and was one of its founding members. He stepped down as an Elder in September 2009, stating that he was unable to do justice to his membership due to the demands of his work. Yunus is a member of the Africa Progress Panel ( APP ), a group of ten distinguished individuals who advocate at the highest levels for equitable and sustainable development in Africa. Every year, the Panel releases a report, the Africa Progress Report, that outlines an issue of immediate importance to the continent and suggests a set of associated policies. In July 2009, Yunus became a member of the SNV Netherlands Development Organisation International Advisory Board to support the organisation 's poverty reduction work. Since 2010, Yunus has served as a Commissioner for the Broadband Commission for Digital Development, a UN initiative which seeks to use broadband internet services to accelerate social and economic development. In March 2016, he was appointed by United Nations Secretary - General Ban Ki - moon to the High - Level Commission on Health Employment and Economic Growth, which was co-chaired by presidents François Hollande of France and Jacob Zuma of South Africa. Controversies The Government announced a review of Grameen Bank activities on 11 January 2011, which is ongoing. In February, several international leaders, such as Mary Robinson, stepped up their defence of Yunus through a number of efforts, including the founding of a formal network of supporters known as `` Friends of Grameen ''. On 15 February 2011, the Finance Minister of Bangladesh, Abul Maal Abdul Muhith, declared that Yunus should `` stay away '' from Grameen Bank while it is being investigated. On 2 March 2011, Muzammel Huq -- a former Bank employee, whom the government had appointed Chairman in January -- announced that Yunus had been fired as Managing Director of the Bank. However, Bank General Manager Jannat - E Quanine issued a statement that Yunus was `` continuing in his office '' pending review of the legal issues surrounding the controversy. In March 2011, Yunus petitioned the Bangladesh High Court challenging the legality of the decision by the Bangladeshi Central Bank to remove him as Managing Director of Grameen Bank. The same day, nine elected directors of Grameen Bank filed a second petition. U.S. Senator John Kerry expressed his support to Yunus in a statement on 5 March 2011 and declared that he was `` deeply concerned '' by this affair. The same day in Bangladesh, thousands of people protested and formed human chains to support Yunus. The High Court hearing on the petitions, was planned for 6 March 2011 but postponed. On 8 March 2011, the Court confirmed Yunus 's dismissal. Allegations of embezzlement A Danish documentary, Caught in Micro Debt, produced and directed by journalist Tom Heinemann, aired on Norwegian national television NRK in November 2010. It made a number of allegations against Yunus and Grameen Bank. Those allegations were disproved by later inquiries. The documentary falsely accused Yunus and Grameen Bank of diverting 7 billion taka ( about 100 million US dollars ) given by the Norwegian Agency for Development Cooperation ( NORAD ) from Grameen Bank to another organisation called Grameen Kalyan in 1996. This allegation was widely spread in the Bangladeshi electronic media in December 2010. On 6 December, NORAD published a statement clearing Yunus and the Bank from any wrongdoing on this point, following a comprehensive review of NORAD 's support commissioned by the Minister of International Development. However, the allegations quickly spread through the Bangladesh media. Leading Bangladeshi economist Rehman Sobhan stated `` Rather than first seeking clarification and response from Grameen Bank as to the validity of the TV program, some sections of the media and society pounced on it with unseemly enthusiasm, using it as an opportunity to cite wrongdoing in a widely respected organization. '' Yunus asked for consistent and transparent investigations on these matters. Accusation of ' loan sharking ' and effectiveness of microfinance Yunus at an opening ceremony of his new book in New York City The allegations against Muhammad Yunus and Grameen Bank were made in a context where some people began to question the effectiveness of microfinance, prompted by the actions of some for - profit microfinance institutions ( MFIs ) in India and Mexico. Coercion, peer pressure and physical harassment were reportedly used as loan repayment practices in some specific MFIs. Commercialization of microcredit prompted Yunus to state that he `` never imagined that one day microcredit would give rise to its own breed of loan sharks. '' The lure of profits attracted some for - profit MFIs to hold initial public offerings ( IPOs ), including the largest Indian MFI, SKS Microfinance, which held an IPO in July 2010. In September 2010, Yunus criticized the IPO ; in a debate with SKS founder Vikram Akula during the Clinton Global Initiative meeting, he said, `` Microcredit is not about exciting people to make money off the poor. That 's what you 're doing. That 's the wrong message completely. '' Calculations of actual interest rate vary, but one estimate puts average Grameen rates at about a 23 % interest rate ( comparable to the inflation rate ). At the same time the organization enjoyed a tax - free status for a period of several years which now has been removed. Sympathizers of Yunus allege that the government of Bangladesh is exploiting this `` moral crisis around microcredit '' to oust Yunus. Political motivations behind the allegations Though Grameen Bank was quickly cleared by the Norwegian government of all allegations surrounding misused or misappropriated funds in December 2010, in March 2011 the Bangladeshi government launched a three - month investigation of all Grameen Bank 's activities. This inquiry prevented Muhammad Yunus from participating in the World Economic Forum. In January 2011, Yunus appeared in court in a defamation case filed by a local politician from a minor left - leaning party in 2007, complaining about a statement that Yunus made to the AFP news agency, `` Politicians in Bangladesh only work for power. There is no ideology here ''. At the hearing, Yunus was granted bail and exempted from personal appearance at subsequent hearings. These investigations fueled suspicion that many attacks might be politically motivated, due to difficult relations between Sheikh Hasina and Yunus since early 2007, when Yunus created his own political party, an effort he dropped in May 2007. Transition to New management At 72 years old, he was 12 years beyond the legal retirement age for civil servants in Bangladesh in 2011. Government spokespersons called for Yunus to step down and declared, `` We need to redefine the bank 's role and bring it under closer regulation. '' The government as chairman Muzammel Huq, himself a foundational figure of the Grameen Bank and one of senior managers together with Yunus of GB Research and Operations until the early 2000s. He has publicly criticised Yunus, saying, `` I think he is a good man with a small heart... He can not give credit to anyone but himself ''. Allegations involving partners : the Food case and the Phone case On 27 January 2011, Yunus appeared in court in a food - adulteration case filed by the Dhaka City Corporation ( DCC ) Food Safety Court, accusing him of producing an `` adulterated '' yogurt whose fat content was below the legal minimum. This yogurt is produced by Grameen Danone, a social business joint venture between Grameen Bank and Danone that aims to provide opportunities for street vendors who sell the yogurt and to improve child nutrition with the nutrient - fortified yogurt. According to Yunus 's lawyer, the allegations are `` false and baseless ''. At the request of Yunus 's lawyers, pointing procedural irregularities and errors, this case is now considered by the High Court. Investigation by an 2012 independent public commission examining the Grameen Bank assert that Yunus misrepresented his authority and abused his powers during his tenure in management. The report establishes that legal challenges exist for authority of the Grameen Bank to have acted as guarantor and to have forwarded credit to independent private enterprises during Dr. Yunus 's tenure. The report raised specific questions relating to a ) establishment and financing of GrameenPhone, a for - profit telecommunications entity initially established as a trust for the Grameen Bank borrowers together with Norwegian government owned multinational Telenor by Dr Yunus, and b ) simultaneous management and operational financing of private enterprises established by Dr Yunus applying resources of the Grameen Bank. The commission also examined the legal status of the Grameen Bank and concluded that it was de jure public i.e. government entity, of which incompetent oversight by the state and ( potentially unwitting ) misrepresentation by Dr. Yunus in past resulted in the popular perception of the private ownership. The commission report refers to obstruction of commission investigations by current Grameen Bank management, representatives of Telenor, the Government of Bangladesh, and by partisans of Dr. Yunus. Full implications of the report are thus far not closely examined in either state - controlled elements of Bangladeshi media, or by pro-Yunus press releases, where these implicate Dr Yunus as at least accessory to corruption at the nexus of the Bangladeshi public - commercial establishment, in collusion with other parties. Criticism of ideas See also : Impact of microcredit Microfinance has been criticized in the foreign media. The Guardian ( UK ) asked whether microfinance was a ' neoliberal fairytale '. The article pointed out criticisms including that most loans are not used to create small businesses, but instead ' consumption smoothing '. Personal Life In 1967, while Yunus attended Vanderbilt University, he met Vera Forostenko, a student of Russian literature at Vanderbilt University and daughter of Russian immigrants to Trenton, New Jersey, US. They were married in 1970. Yunus 's marriage with Vera ended within months of the birth of their baby girl, Monica Yunus ( born 1979 Chittagong ), as Vera returned to New Jersey claiming that Bangladesh was not a good place to raise a baby. Yunus later married Afrozi Yunus, who was then a researcher in physics at Manchester University. She was later appointed as a professor of physics at Jahangirnagar University. Their daughter Deena Afroz Yunus was born in 1986. Yunus 's brothers are also active in academia. His brother Muhammad Ibrahim is a professor of physics at Dhaka University and the founder of The Center for Mass Education in Science ( CMES ), which brings science education to adolescent girls in villages. His younger brother Muhammad Jahangir is a popular television presenter and a well known social activist in Bangladesh. He is also the moderator of several Talk show programmes in Bangladesh. Monica Yunus, his elder daughter, is an operatic soprano, working in New York City. Yunus Centre The Yunus Centre, in Dhaka, Bangladesh, is a think tank for issues related to social business, working in the field of poverty alleviation and sustainability. It is ' aimed primarily at promoting and disseminating Professor Yunus ' philosophy, with a special focus on social business ' and currently chaired by Prof. Muhammad Yunus. Publications Yunus, Muhammad ( 1974 ). Three Farmers of Jobra. Department of Economics, Chittagong University. -- -- ( 1976 ). Planning in Bangladesh : Format, Technique, and Priority, and Other Essays ; Rural Studies Project, Department of Economics. Chittagong University. -- -- ; Isalama, Saiyada Manajurula ; Rahman, Arifa ( 1991 ). Jorimon and Others : Faces of Poverty. Grameen Bank. -- -- ( 1994 ). Grameen Bank, as I See it. Grameen Bank. -- -- ( 1999 ). Banker to the Poor : Micro-Lending and the Battle Against World Poverty. New York : PublicAffairs. ISBN 978 - 1 - 58648 - 198 - 8. -- -- ( 2007 ). Creating a World without Poverty : Social Business and the Future of Capitalism. New York : PublicAffairs. ISBN 978 - 1 - 58648 - 493 - 4. -- -- ( 2010 ). Building Social Business : The New Kind of Capitalism that Serves Humanity 's Most Pressing Needs. New York : Public Affairs. ISBN 978 - 1 - 58648 - 824 - 6. Yunus, Muhammad, Moingeon, Bertrand and Laurence Lehmann - Ortega ( 2010 ), `` Building Social Business Models : Lessons from the Grameen Experience '', April -- June, vol 43, number 2 -- 3, Long Range Planning, pp. 308 -- 325 -- -- ( 2017 ). A World of Three Zeroes : the new economics of zero poverty, zero unemployment, and zero carbon emissions. Scribe Publications. Documentaries 2010 - To Catch a Dollar 2011 - Bonsai People -- The Vision of Muhammad Yunus Legacy and honours In 2006, awarded Nobel Peace Prize for his finance work. Chosen by Wharton School of Business in Philadelphia as one of The 25 Most Influential Business Persons of the Past 25 Years, covered in a PBS documentary. In 2006, Time magazine ranked him as one of the top 12 business leaders, including him among `` 60 years of Asian Heroes. '' In 2008, Yunus was voted 2nd on the list of Top 100 Public Intellectuals in an open online poll conducted by Prospect Magazine ( UK ) and Foreign Policy ( United States ). In 2009, Yunus was awarded the Golden Biatec Award, the highest award bestowed by Slovakia 's Informal Economic Forum Economic Club, for individuals who exhibit economic, social, scientific, educational and cultural accomplishments in the Slovak Republic. See also Sustainable development portal Bangladesh portal Yunus Centre Fazle Hasan Abed Islamic banking Yunus Social Business - Global Initiatives Fazlur Rahman Khan Jawed Karim Salman Khan ( educator ) References Jump up ^ `` List of Independence Awardees ''. Cabinet Division, Government of People 's Republic of Bangladesh ( in Bengali ). Retrieved 29 November 2012. ^ Jump up to : `` The Nobel Peace Prize for 2006 ''. NobelPrize.org. 13 October 2006. Retrieved 13 October 2006. Jump up ^ `` House and Senate Leaders Announce Gold Medal Ceremony for Professor Muhammad Yunus '', Press Release, US Congress Jump up ^ FP Top 100 Global Thinkers Jump up ^ `` Muhammad Yunus accepts Glasgow Caledonian University post ''. BBC News. 1 July 2012. Jump up ^ `` Muhammad Yunus Chancellor of Glasgow Caledonian University ''. UK Parliament. 16 July 2012. Jump up ^ United Nations Foundation, additional text. 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Jump up ^ Yunus to receive Nichols - Chancellor 's Medal Archived 18 June 2008 at the Wayback Machine., Vanderbilt News, 12 March 2007 ; Retrieved : 9 September 2007 ^ Jump up to : Yunus, Muhammad ; Jolis, Alan. Banker to the Poor : micro-lending and the battle against world poverty. New York : PublicAffairs hc. pp. 20 -- 29. ISBN 978 - 1 - 58648 - 198 - 8. ^ Jump up to : `` Yunus, Muhammad ''. Ramon Magsaysay Award Foundation. Retrieved 17 August 2007. Jump up ^ `` Bangladesh : Country of Origin Information Report ''. Country of Origin Information Service. UK : Border & Immigration Agency. 15 June 2007. Archived from the original ( DOC ) on 27 September 2007. Retrieved 9 September 2007. Jump up ^ Hossain, Farid ( 1 November 2012 ). `` Internet Rolls Into Bangladesh Villages on a Bike ''. U.S. News & World Report. Associated Press. Retrieved 21 February 2017. Jump up ^ `` Info Ladies -- Riding Internet into Rural Bangladesh ! ''. Amader Kotha. 8 November 2012. Jump up ^ Bouissou, Julien ( 30 July 2013 ). `` ' Info ladies ' go biking to bring remote Bangladeshi villages online ''. The Guardian. London. Retrieved 21 February 2017. Jump up ^ `` Profile : ' World banker to the poor ' ''. BBC. 13 October 2006. Retrieved 16 October 2006. Jump up ^ Yunus, Muhammad ; Jolis, Alan. Banker to the Poor : micro-lending and the battle against world poverty. New York : PublicAffairs hc. pp. 46 -- 49. ISBN 978 - 1 - 58648 - 198 - 8. Jump up ^ `` GB at a glance '', Muhammad Yunus, Grameen Info ; Retrieved : 9 September 2007 ^ Jump up to : Yunus, Muhammad. `` Introduction ''. Grameen Family. Archived from the original on 18 June 2008. Retrieved 7 September 2007. Jump up ^ `` Grameen Fund ventures on Grameen official website ''. Grameen-info.org. Archived from the original on 12 October 2007. Retrieved 14 September 2009. Jump up ^ `` About Grameenphone ''. Grameenphone. 16 November 2006. Archived from the original on 10 August 2007. Retrieved 22 August 2007. Grameenphone is now the leading telecommunications service provider in the country with more than 10 million subscribers as of November 2006. Jump up ^ `` Village Phone ''. About Grameenphone. Grameenphone. 2006. Archived from the original on 10 August 2007. Retrieved 22 August 2007. Jump up ^ `` Interview with Muhammad Yunus ''. Jump up ^ `` Grameen Bank, a Nobel - winning concept ''. The Hindu. 23 October 2006. Retrieved 9 September 2007. Jump up ^ Yunus, Muhammad ( 25 March 1997 ). `` World in Focus : Interview with Prof. Muhammad Yunus ''. Foreign Correspondent ; ABC online ( Transcript of broadcast interview ). Interview with Negus, George. Retrieved 22 August 2007. Jump up ^ `` Muhammad Yunus, Ashoka 's Global Academy Member, Wins Nobel Peace Prize ''. Ashoka.org. 13 October 2006. Retrieved 17 August 2007. Jump up ^ Posman, Jerald ( 26 January 2008 ). `` In thrall to an agent of change ''. The Daily Star. Jump up ^ `` Yunus wins peace Nobel for anti-poverty efforts ''. Associated Press. 13 October 2006. Retrieved 16 August 2007. Jump up ^ Boulden, Jim ( 29 March 2001 ). `` The birth of micro credit ''. CNN. Retrieved 19 August 2007. Jump up ^ Clinton, Bill ( 2004 ). My Life : The Presidential Years. New York, Knopf. : Vintage Books. p. 329. ISBN 0 - 375 - 41457 - 6. Muhammad Yunus should have been awarded the Nobel Prize in Economics years ago. Jump up ^ Ainsworth, Diane ( 29 January 2002 ). `` Transcript of the Jan. 29, 2002 talk by former President Bill Clinton at the University of California, Berkeley ''. Clinton : education, economic development key to building a peaceful, global village. UC Regents. Retrieved 22 August 2007. Jump up ^ `` Losing its Lustre ''. The Economist. 13 October 2006. Retrieved 28 June 2008. Jump up ^ `` President Obama Names Medal of Freedom Recipients '', White House Office of the Press Secretary, 30 July 2009 Jump up ^ `` Public Law 111 -- 253 -- OCT. 5, 2010 '' ( PDF ). US Government Publishing Office. Jump up ^ `` Dr. Muhammad Yunus ''. World Food Prize. Retrieved 29 August 2007. Jump up ^ `` MUHAMMAD YUNUS RECEIVES 1996 INTERNATIONAL SIMON BOLIVAR PRIZE AT UNESCO ''. UNESCO. Retrieved 13 August 2012. Jump up ^ `` Nicolás Castellanos, Vicente Ferrer, Joaquín Sanz Gadea and Muhammad Yunus, 1998 Prince of Asturias Award for Concord ''. Fundación Princesa de Asturias. Retrieved 13 August 2012. Jump up ^ `` 1998 Professor Muhammed Yunus ''. Sydney Peace Foundation. Retrieved 13 August 2012. Jump up ^ `` Awards ''. Yunus Centre. Jump up ^ `` Profile : Dr. Muhammad Yunus ''. Bangladesh News. 14 October 2006. Archived from the original on 17 October 2006. Jump up ^ `` CV of Professor Muhammad Yunus ''. Yunus Centre. Jump up ^ Sydney Peace Prize recipients, Sydney Peace Prize Foundation website ; Retrieved : 9 September 2007 Jump up ^ Byrne, John A. ( 9 April 2012 ). `` The 12 greatest entrepreneurs of our time ''. Fortune. Archived from the original on 24 March 2012. Jump up ^ Staff Correspondent, Houston mayor declares 14 January `` Yunus Day '', 16 January 2008 ; Retrieved : 16 January 2008 Jump up ^ Sheldon, Blaine ( 25 November 2009 ). `` The Wisdom of the Smart Crowd ''. Foreign Policy. Retrieved 30 November 2009. ( Registration required ( help ) ). Jump up ^ `` 50 People Who Matter 2010 ''. Retrieved 2 November 2010. Jump up ^ `` Honourary Degrees ''. Yunus Centre. Retrieved 13 August 2012. Jump up ^ `` Honor Committee ''. Fondation Chirac. Jump up ^ `` Seventh Nelson Mandela Annual Lecture address -- Nelson Mandela Centre of Memory ''. Nelsonmandela.org. Retrieved 13 August 2012. Jump up ^ `` Professor Muhammad Yunus ' Commencement Speech ''. Grameensocialbusiness.org. 17 May 2009. Retrieved 13 August 2012. Jump up ^ `` Yunus Speaks About Capitalism, Poverty, and the Future of ' Social Business ' '' -- The Tech, Volume 128, Issue 28 : Friday, 13 June 2008 Jump up ^ `` Adam Smith Lecture at Glasgow University ''. Yunus Centre. Retrieved 13 August 2012. Jump up ^ `` Romanes Lecture ''. University of Oxford. Jump up ^ `` Muhammad Yunus Google+ Statistics ''. Socialstatistics.com. Archived from the original on 6 August 2012. Retrieved 13 August 2012. Jump up ^ `` Parliament with honest, efficient must for development ''. The New Nation. 21 March 2006. Retrieved 22 August 2007. Jump up ^ `` Yunus not willing to be caretaker chief ''. The Daily Star. 18 October 2006. Retrieved 18 August 2007. Jump up ^ `` Yunus seeks people 's views on floating political party ''. The Daily Star. 12 February 2007. Retrieved 18 August 2007. Jump up ^ Siddique, Islam ( 18 February 2007 ). `` Bangladesh Nobel Laureate Announces His Political Party 's Name ''. All Headline News. Archived from the original on 20 February 2007. Retrieved 18 August 2007. Jump up ^ Staff Reporter ( 12 February 2007 ). `` ' I will do politics of unity ' : Yunus names his party Nagorik Shakti ''. The New Nation. 34138. Archived from the original on 27 September 2007. Retrieved 18 August 2007. Jump up ^ Mustafa, Sabir ( 5 April 2007 ). `` Bangladesh at a crossroads ''. BBC. Retrieved 18 August 2007. At first glance, the current state of Bangladesh appears to be a paradox : a country under a state of emergency, but where the general public seem quite content. ^ Jump up to : `` Yunus drops plans to enter politics ''. Al Jazeera. 3 May 2007. Retrieved 18 August 2007. Jump up ^ `` Nelson Mandela and Desmond Tutu announce The Elders ''. TheElders.org. 18 July 2007. Retrieved 1 May 2013. Jump up ^ `` Mandela joins ' Elders ' on turning 89 ''. MSNBC. Associated Press. 20 July 2007. Retrieved 24 August 2007. Jump up ^ `` Muhammad Yunus steps down ''. TheElders.org. 21 September 2009. Retrieved 1 May 2013. Jump up ^ `` Jobs, Justice and Equity : Seizing opportunities in times of global change ''. Africa Progress Panel. May 2012. Archived from the original on 9 January 2013. Jump up ^ `` SNV Netherlands Development Organisation establishes International Advisory Board ''. Snvworld.org. 8 July 2009. Archived from the original on 28 July 2011. Retrieved 12 March 2011. Jump up ^ `` Commissionners ''. Broadbandcommission.org. Archived from the original on 14 May 2010. Retrieved 12 March 2011. Jump up ^ High - Level Commission on Health Employment and Economic Growth -- Commissioners World Health Organization. ^ Jump up to : Ahmed, Farid ( 14 January 2011 ). `` Nobel - winning microcredit bank comes under scrutiny ''. CNN. Retrieved 9 March 2011. Jump up ^ `` Huge support for Yunus ''. The Daily Star. 18 February 2011. Retrieved 9 March 2011. Jump up ^ `` Bangladesh Nobel winner Yunus should ' stay away ' ''. Google. Agence France - Presse. 15 February 2011. Archived from the original on 25 May 2012. Retrieved 10 March 2011. ^ Jump up to : Polgreen, Lydia ( 29 January 2011 ). `` Bangladesh Inspects Grameen Bank and Muhammad Yunus ''. The New York Times. Jump up ^ `` Bangladesh Trying To Fire Muhammad Yunus, Nobel Laureate, From Microlender Grameen ''. Huffington Post. 2 March 2011. Retrieved 9 March 2011. Jump up ^ `` Statement of Grameen Bank ''. Grameen. Jump up ^ `` Yunus files writ petition against his removal ''. bdnews24.com. 3 March 2011. Retrieved 9 March 2011. Jump up ^ `` Another writ petition filed challenging govt decision ''. The Daily Star. 3 March 2011. Retrieved 9 March 2011. Jump up ^ `` US senator Kerry ' deeply concerned ' at Yunus removal ''. Daily Nation. Agence France - Presse. 5 March 2011. Retrieved 29 June 2017. Jump up ^ Alam, Shafiq ( 5 March 2011 ). `` Thousands in Bangladesh protest at Yunus sacking ''. Yahoo News. AFP. Retrieved 28 March 2011. Jump up ^ `` Bangladesh judge confirms Yunus sacking ''. Business Recorder. Karachi. Agence France - Presse. 8 March 2011. Retrieved 9 March 2011. Jump up ^ `` New Film : `` Caught in Micro debt '' ``. flipthecoin.org. Retrieved 9 March 2011. Jump up ^ `` Exclusive : Yunus ' siphoned Tk 7bn aid for poor ' ''. bdnews24.com. 1 December 2010. Retrieved 9 March 2011. Jump up ^ `` Report on Norwegian assistance to Grameen Bank ''. regjeringen.no. 7 December 2010. Retrieved 9 March 2011. Jump up ^ Sobhan, Rehman ( 17 December 2010 ). `` Honouring ourselves ''. The Daily Star. Retrieved 9 March 2011. Jump up ^ Kashyap, Arjun ( 28 July 2010 ). `` SKS IPO Opens Today, Reactions Mixed ''. Microfinance Insights. Archived from the original on 31 July 2010. Retrieved 9 March 2011. Jump up ^ Epstein, Keith ( 13 December 2007 ). `` Compartamos : From Nonprofit to Profit ''. Bloomberg BusinessWeek. Retrieved 9 March 2011. Jump up ^ `` The need for a balanced development policy ''. The Morung Express. Retrieved 10 March 2011. Jump up ^ `` Profit - focused MFIs are loan sharks : Yunus ''. Times of India. 21 February 2011. Retrieved 10 March 2011. Jump up ^ `` Sacrificing Microcredit for Megaprofits ''. Yunus Centre. Archived from the original on 10 February 2011. Retrieved 10 March 2011. Jump up ^ Kinetz, Erika ( 28 July 2010 ). `` SKS Launches India 's First Microfinance IPO ''. Bloomberg Businessweek. Associated Press. Retrieved 10 March 2011. Jump up ^ Bahree, Megha ( 11 October 2010 ). `` A Big Split Over Microfinance ''. Forbes. Retrieved 10 March 2011. Jump up ^ `` Quick : What 's the Grameen Bank 's Interest Rate ? ''. Center For Global Development. Jump up ^ `` Microcredit or Macrowelfare : The Myth of Grameen ''. Mises Institute. Jump up ^ Fontaine, Jacques ( 3 February 2011 ). `` Haro sur le '' banquier des pauvres `` ''. Désirs d'Afrique ( Blog ) ( in French ). Retrieved 10 March 2011. Jump up ^ `` Social Entrepreneurs Impact World Leaders ''. Schwab Foundation for Social Entrepreneurship. 25 January 2011. Archived from the original on 2 February 2011. Retrieved 10 March 2011. Jump up ^ Hafez Ahmed. `` Prof Yunus appears in court today ''. Newstoday.com.bd. Retrieved 10 March 2011. Jump up ^ `` Grameen 's Muhammad Yunus in court for defamation case ''. BBC News. 18 January 2011. Retrieved 10 March 2011. Jump up ^ Jason Burke ( 21 February 2011 ). `` Microfinance guru Muhammad Yunus faces removal from Grameen Bank ''. The Guardian. London. Retrieved 10 March 2011. Jump up ^ `` Yunus beyond legal age limit ''. The Daily Star. 1 March 2011. Retrieved 12 March 2011. Jump up ^ `` Dr Yunus survives attempt to oust him ''. News BNN. 28 February 2011. Archived from the original on 2 March 2011. Retrieved 12 March 2011. Jump up ^ Farid Ahmed ( 28 January 2011 ). `` Bangladeshi Nobel laureate faces fresh legal trouble at home ''. CNN. Retrieved 12 March 2011. Jump up ^ `` Contaminated yoghurt lands Yunus in dock ''. Deccan Chronicle. Agence France - Presse. 28 January 2011. Archived from the original on 13 February 2011. Retrieved 12 March 2011. Jump up ^ `` Interim report of the Grameen Bank Commission '' ( PDF ). Ministry of Finance of the Government of Bangladesh. Retrieved 2 March 2017. Jump up ^ Bunting, Madeleine ( 9 March 2011 ). `` Is microfinance a neoliberal fairytale ? ''. The Guardian. Retrieved 9 March 2011. Jump up ^ Center for Mass Education in Science ( CMES ) -- Bangladesh, Human Resource Development Recommendations, International Labour Organization ; Retrieved : 27 August 2007 Jump up ^ `` Monica Yunus, Soprano ''. Biography. VoxPagel.com. Archived from the original ( asp ) on 27 January 2007. Retrieved 2 September 2007. Jump up ^ `` 25 Most Influential ''. Nightly Business Report. PBS. Archived from the original on 1 August 2008. Retrieved 13 August 2012. Jump up ^ Tharoo, Ishaan ( 13 November 2006 ). `` Asian Heroes : Muhammad Yunus ''. Time. Retrieved 9 January 2015. ( Subscription required ( help ) ). Jump up ^ `` Intellectuals ''. Prospect Magazine. 2009. Archived from the original on 30 September 2009. Retrieved 13 August 2012. Jump up ^ `` Dr Yonus awarded Golden Biatec 2008 ''. The Financial Express. Dhaka. 13 October 2010. Further reading Bornstein, David ( 1996 ). The Price of a Dream : The Story of the Grameen Bank and the Idea that is Helping the Poor to Change Their Lives. Simon & Schuster. ISBN 0 - 684 - 81191 - X. External links Wikiquote has quotations related to : Muhammad Yunus Wikimedia Commons has media related to Muhammad Yunus. Official website Muhammad Yunus on Facebook Muhammad Yunus biography at Grameen Bank Banker to the Poor 2006 lecture at NobelPrize.org Profile and Papers at Research Papers in Economics / RePEc Appearances on C - SPAN Muhammad Yunus on Charlie Rose Muhammad Yunus on IMDb Works by or about Muhammad Yunus in libraries ( WorldCat catalog ) `` Muhammad Yunus collected news and commentary ''. The New York Times. `` Muhammad Yunus collected news and commentary ''. The Guardian. Muhammad Yunus collected news and commentary at Al Jazeera English Muhammad Yunus at the Library of Economics and Liberty Exclusive Interview with Educational Technology Magazine Awards and achievements Preceded by He Kang World Food Prize 1994 Succeeded by Hans R. Herren Academic offices Preceded by Gus Macdonald Chancellor of Glasgow Caledonian University 2012 -- present Succeeded by Incumbent Africa Progress Panel Kofi Annan ( chair ) Michel Camdessus Peter Eigen Bob Geldof Graça Machel Linah Mohohlo Olusegun Obasanjo Robert Rubin Tidjane Thiam Laureates of the Nobel Peace Prize 1901 -- 1925 1901 Henry Dunant / Frédéric Passy 1902 Élie Ducommun / Charles Gobat 1903 Randal Cremer 1904 Institut de Droit International 1905 Bertha von Suttner 1906 Theodore Roosevelt 1907 Ernesto Moneta / Louis Renault 1908 Klas Arnoldson / Fredrik Bajer 1909 A.M.F. Beernaert / Paul Estournelles de Constant 1910 International Peace Bureau 1911 Tobias Asser / Alfred Fried 1912 Elihu Root 1913 Henri La Fontaine 1914 1915 1916 1917 International Committee of the Red Cross 1918 1919 Woodrow Wilson 1920 Léon Bourgeois 1921 Hjalmar Branting / Christian Lange 1922 Fridtjof Nansen 1923 1924 1925 Austen Chamberlain / Charles Dawes 1926 -- 1950 1926 Aristide Briand / Gustav Stresemann 1927 Ferdinand Buisson / Ludwig Quidde 1928 1929 Frank B. Kellogg 1930 Nathan Söderblom 1931 Jane Addams / Nicholas Butler 1932 1933 Norman Angell 1934 Arthur Henderson 1935 Carl von Ossietzky 1936 Carlos Saavedra Lamas 1937 Robert Cecil 1938 Nansen International Office for Refugees 1939 1940 1941 1942 1943 1944 International Committee of the Red Cross 1945 Cordell Hull 1946 Emily Balch / John Mott 1947 Friends Service Council / American Friends Service Committee 1948 1949 John Boyd Orr 1950 Ralph Bunche 1951 -- 1975 1951 Léon Jouhaux 1952 Albert Schweitzer 1953 George Marshall 1954 United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees 1955 1956 1957 Lester B. Pearson 1958 Georges Pire 1959 Philip Noel - Baker 1960 Albert Lutuli 1961 Dag Hammarskjöld 1962 Linus Pauling 1963 International Committee of the Red Cross / League of Red Cross Societies 1964 Martin Luther King Jr. 1965 UNICEF 1966 1967 1968 René Cassin 1969 International Labour Organization 1970 Norman Borlaug 1971 Willy Brandt 1972 1973 Lê Đức Thọ ( declined award ) / Henry Kissinger 1974 Seán MacBride / Eisaku Satō 1975 Andrei Sakharov 1976 -- 2000 1976 Betty Williams / Mairead Corrigan 1977 Amnesty International 1978 Anwar Sadat / Menachem Begin 1979 Mother Teresa 1980 Adolfo Pérez Esquivel 1981 United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees 1982 Alva Myrdal / Alfonso García Robles 1983 Lech Wałęsa 1984 Desmond Tutu 1985 International Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War 1986 Elie Wiesel 1987 Óscar Arias 1988 UN Peacekeeping Forces 1989 Tenzin Gyatso ( 14th Dalai Lama ) 1990 Mikhail Gorbachev 1991 Aung San Suu Kyi 1992 Rigoberta Menchú 1993 Nelson Mandela / F.W. de Klerk 1994 Shimon Peres / Yitzhak Rabin / Yasser Arafat 1995 Pugwash Conferences / Joseph Rotblat 1996 Carlos Belo / José Ramos - Horta 1997 International Campaign to Ban Landmines / Jody Williams 1998 John Hume / David Trimble 1999 Médecins Sans Frontières 2000 Kim Dae - jung 2001 -- present 2001 United Nations / Kofi Annan 2002 Jimmy Carter 2003 Shirin Ebadi 2004 Wangari Maathai 2005 International Atomic Energy Agency / Mohamed ElBaradei 2006 Grameen Bank / Muhammad Yunus 2007 Al Gore / Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change 2008 Martti Ahtisaari 2009 Barack Obama 2010 Liu Xiaobo 2011 Ellen Johnson Sirleaf / Leymah Gbowee / Tawakkol Karman 2012 European Union 2013 Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons 2014 Kailash Satyarthi / Malala Yousafzai 2015 Tunisian National Dialogue Quartet 2016 Juan Manuel Santos 2017 International Campaign to Abolish Nuclear Weapons 2006 Nobel Prize laureates Chemistry Roger D. Kornberg ( United States ) Economic Sciences Edmund Phelps ( United States ) Literature Orhan Pamuk ( Turkey ) Peace Muhammad Yunus ( Bangladesh ) Grameen Bank ( Bangladesh ) Physics John C. Mather ( United States ) George Smoot ( United States ) Physiology or Medicine Andrew Fire ( United States ) Craig Mello ( United States ) Nobel Prize recipients 1990 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 2000 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 Sydney Peace Prize laureates Muhammad Yunus ( 1998 ) Desmond Tutu ( 1999 ) Xanana Gusmão ( 2000 ) William Deane ( 2001 ) Mary Robinson ( 2002 ) Hanan Ashrawi ( 2003 ) Arundhati Roy ( 2004 ) Olara Otunnu ( 2005 ) Irene Khan ( 2006 ) Hans Blix ( 2007 ) Pat Dodson ( 2008 ) John Pilger ( 2009 ) Vandana Shiva ( 2010 ) Noam Chomsky ( 2011 ) Sekai Holland ( 2012 ) Cynthia Maung ( 2013 ) Julian Burnside ( 2014 ) George Gittoes ( 2015 ) Naomi Klein ( 2016 ) Black Lives Matter ( 2017 ) Ramon Magsaysay Award recipients Government Service ( 1958 -- 2008 ) Cambodia Ek Sonn Chan China Yuan Longping India C.D. Deshmukh J.M. Lyngdoh Indonesia Raden Kodijat Ali Sadikin Japan Morihiko Hiramatsu Hiroshi Kuroki Yukiharu Miki Laos Keo Viphakone Malaysia Mohamed Suffian Mohamed Hashim B.C. Shekhar Pakistan Akhtar Hameed Khan Philippines Jose Vasquez Aguilar Francisca Reyes - Aquino Hilario Davide, Jr. Grace Padaca Jesse Robredo Jovito R. Salonga Miriam Defensor Santiago Haydee Yorac Singapore Goh Keng Swee Thailand Anand Panyarachun Chamlong Srimuang Jon Ungphakorn Phon Sangsingkeo Prawase Wasi Puey Ungpakorn Taiwan Shih - chu Hsu Kwoh - Ting Li Jiang Menglin Public Service ( 1958 -- 2008 ) Burma Tee Tee Luce Ceylon Mary H. Rutnam China Gao Yaojie Jiang Yanyong Liang Congjie Wu Qing India Baba Amte Banoo Jehangir Coyaji Manibhai Desai Jayaprakash Narayan V. Shanta Indonesia H.B. Jassin Teten Masduki Pakistan Ruth Pfau Philippines Center for Agriculture and Rural Development Mutually Reinforcing Institutions ( CARD MRI ) South Korea Kim Sun - tae Park Won - soon Spain based in Philippines Joaquin Villalonga Thailand Fua Hariphitak Mechai Viravaidya Nilawan Pintong Phra Parnchand Prateep Ungsongtham Hata Sirindhorn Sithiporn Kridakara Sophon Suphapong Therdchai Jivacate Thongbai Thongpao Community Leadership ( 1958 -- 2008 ) Bangladesh Tahrunessa Abdullah Fazle Hasan Abed Muhammad Yunus Zafrullah Chowdhury Mohammed Yeasin Angela Gomes Burma Cynthia Maung India Mandakini Amte & Prakash Amte Mabelle Arole & Rajanikant Arole Pandurang Shastri Athavale Chandi_Prasad_Bhatt Ela Bhatt Vinoba Bhave Aruna Roy Shantha Sinha Rajendra Singh Japan Fusaye Ichikawa Laos Sombath Somphone Malaysia Tunku Abdul Rahman Nepal Mahabir Pun Philippines Gawad Kalinga Community Development Foundation Antonio Meloto Thailand Aree Valyasevi Krasae Chanawongse Prayong Ronnarong Tibet 14th Dalai Lama Journalism, Literature, and the Creative Communication Arts ( 1958 -- 2008 ) Bangladesh Matiur Rahman Abdullah Abu Sayeed Burma Edward Michael Law - Yone Ceylon or Sri Lanka Wannakuwatta Amaradeva Tarzie Vittachi India Mahasweta_Devi Palagummi Sainath Amitabha_Chowdhury Indonesia Atmakusuma Astraatmadja Mochtar Lubis Japan Akira Kurosawa Yasuji Hanamori Michiko Ishimure Akio Ishii Nepal Bharat Koirala Philippines Zacarias Sarian F. Sionil José Lino Brocka Radio Veritas James Reuter Bienvenido Lumbera Nick Joaquin Raul Locsin Eugenia Duran Apostol Sheila Coronel Thailand Prayoon Chanyavongs Great Britain based in Philippines Robert McCulloch Dick Peace and International Understanding ( 1958 -- 2008 ) China Tang Xiyang India Mother Teresa Jockin Arputham Laxminarayan Ramdas Indonesia Ahmad Syafi'i Maarif Japan Ikuo Hirayama Tetsu Nakamura Saburo Okita Seiei Toyama Nepal Sanduk Ruit Pakistan Ibn Abdur Rehman Philippines Operation Brotherhood Summer Institute of Linguistics William Masterson Harold Ray Watson International Institute of Rural Reconstruction Press Foundation of Asia Asian Institute of Management Corazon Aquino South Korea Pomnyun Sunim Thailand Asian Institute of Technology The Royal Project United States based in Thailand Genevieve Caulfield Emergent Leadership ( 2001 -- ) Burma Ka Hsaw Wa China Chen Guangcheng Cambodia Oung Chanthol India Sanjiv_Chaturvedi Arvind Kejriwal Nileema Mishra Sandeep Pandey Indonesia Ambrosius Ruwindrijarto Dita Indah Sari Philippines Benjamin Abadiano South Korea Yoon Hye - ran Sri Lanka Ananda Galappatti Timor - Leste Aniceto Guterres Lopes United States based in Hong Kong Chung To Uncategorized ( 2009 -- ) Bangladesh Syeda Rizwana Hasan A.H.M. Noman Khan Cambodia Yang Saing Koma Koul Panha China Fu Qiping Huo Daishan Ma Jun Pan Yue Yu Xiaogang India Kulandei Francis Harish Hande Deep Joshi Indonesia Hasanain Juaini Tri Mumpuni Japan Tadatoshi Akiba Philippines Alternative Indigenous Development Foundation, Inc. ( AIDFI ) Christopher Bernido Ma. Victoria Carpio - Bernido Romulo Davide Antonio Oposa Jr. Taiwan Chen Shu - chu Thailand Krisana Kraisintu The Elders Chair Kofi Annan Deputy Chair Gro Harlem Brundtland Members Martti Ahtisaari Ela Bhatt Lakhdar Brahimi Fernando Henrique Cardoso Hina Jilani Graça Machel Mary Robinson Ernesto Zedillo Honorary Members Desmond Tutu ( former chair ) Former Members Jimmy Carter Li Zhaoxing Nelson Mandela ( founder ) Aung San Suu Kyi Muhammad Yunus VIAF : 85647891 LCCN : n50014624 ISNI : 0000 0001 2282 579X GND : 119351285 SELIBR : 309017 SUDOC : 035724536 BNF : cb13332172b ( data ) BIBSYS : 99027678 NDL : 00695262 NKC : xx0053892 BNE : XX1336328 Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Muhammad_Yunus&oldid=822175504 '' Categories : 1940 births Living people Bangladeshi Muslims Bangladeshi economists Bangladeshi businesspeople Bengali Muslims Bengali people Development specialists People in international development Microfinance people Recipients of the Indira Gandhi Peace Prize Nobel Peace Prize laureates Bangladeshi Nobel laureates Bengali Nobel laureates Fulbright Scholars World Food Prize laureates University of Dhaka alumni Vanderbilt University alumni Middle Tennessee State University faculty Presidential Medal of Freedom recipients Ashoka Bangladesh Fellows Fukuoka Asian Culture Prize winners Ramon Magsaysay Award winners People from Chittagong The Huffington Post writers and columnists Recipients of the Independence Day Award People associated with Glasgow Caledonian University Bangladeshi bankers Social entrepreneurs Pfeffer Peace Prize laureates University of Chittagong faculty Advisors of Caretaker Government of Bangladesh Hidden categories : CS1 Bengali - language sources ( bn ) Webarchive template wayback links Pages with login required references or sources CS1 French - language sources ( fr ) Pages containing links to subscription - only content Use British English from January 2013 Use dmy dates from August 2016 Articles to be merged from December 2015 All articles to be merged Articles with hCards Articles containing Bengali - language text All articles with unsourced statements Articles with unsourced statements from January 2017 Articles with unsourced statements from May 2016 Articles with unsourced statements from June 2017 Wikipedia articles with VIAF identifiers Wikipedia articles with LCCN identifiers Wikipedia articles with ISNI identifiers Wikipedia articles with GND identifiers Wikipedia articles with SELIBR identifiers Wikipedia articles with BNF identifiers Wikipedia articles with BIBSYS identifiers Talk Contributions Contents About Wikipedia Wikiquote Wikisource አማርኛ Arpetan অসমীয়া Asturianu বাংলা Bân - lâm - gú Башҡортса Беларуская Беларуская ( тарашкевіца ) ‎ Български Boarisch Català Čeština Cymraeg Dansk Deutsch Eesti Ελληνικά Español Esperanto Euskara فارسی Français 한국어 हिन्दी Hrvatski Bahasa Indonesia Italiano עברית Basa Jawa ಕನ್ನಡ ქართული Қазақша Kurdî Кыргызча Latviešu Lëtzebuergesch Lietuvių La. lojban. Magyar Malagasy മലയാളം मराठी مازِرونی Монгол Nederlands नेपाली 日本 語 Norsk Norsk nynorsk Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча ਪੰਜਾਬੀ پنجابی Piemontèis Plattdüütsch Polski Português Runa Simi Русский Саха тыла Scots Sicilianu Simple English Slovenščina Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски Suomi Svenska தமிழ் Татарча / tatarça ไทย Türkçe Türkmençe Українська اردو Tiếng Việt Walon Winaray Yorùbá 中文 Edit links This page was last edited on 24 January 2018, at 20 : 57. Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution - ShareAlike License ; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia ® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization. About Wikipedia

Question: the concept of micro financing was developed by who in 1976
Answer: Muhammad Yunus; Muhammad Yunus