Shalom - wikipedia Shalom For the greeting, see shalom aleichem. For other uses, see Shalom ( disambiguation ). This article possibly contains original research. Please improve it by verifying the claims made and adding inline citations. Statements consisting only of original research should be removed. ( June 2009 ) Shalom in Hebrew Shalom ( Hebrew : שָׁלוֹם ‬ shalom ; also spelled as sholom, sholem, sholoim, shulem ) is a Hebrew word meaning peace, harmony, wholeness, completeness, prosperity, welfare and tranquility and can be used idiomatically to mean both hello and goodbye. As it does in English, it can refer to either peace between two entities ( especially between man and God or between two countries ), or to the well - being, welfare or safety of an individual or a group of individuals. Stendebach and Ringgren writes that a more thorough etymological analysis of Hebrew roots reveal that ' Lom was the basic root word for Shalom. The word shalom is also found in many other expressions and names. Its equivalent cognate in Arabic is salaam, sliem in Maltese, Shlama in Syriac - Assyrian and sälam in Ethiopian Semitic languages from the Proto - Semitic root Š - L-M. Contents 1 Etymology 2 In expressions 3 Jewish religious principle 4 Use as name 4.1 Name for God 4.2 Name for people 4.3 Name of organizations 4.4 Name of synagogues or structures 4.5 Name of events 4.6 Other 5 See also 6 References 7 Sources Etymology This section does not cite any sources. Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. ( December 2016 ) In Hebrew, words are built on `` roots '', generally of three consonants. When the root consonants appear with various vowels and additional letters, a variety of words, often with some relation in meaning, can be formed from a single root. Thus from the root sh - l-m come the words shalom ( `` peace, well - being '' ), hishtalem ( `` it was worth it '' ), shulam ( `` paid for '' ), meshulam ( `` paid in advance '' ), and shalem ( `` safe, peaceful '' ). In translations of the Bible, shalom may be translated as peace ( English ), paz ( Spanish and Portuguese ), paix ( French ), pace ( Italian ), or pax ( Latin ). The concept of peace is important in Christianity. Biblically, shalom is seen in reference to the well - being of others ( Genesis 43 : 27, Exodus 4 : 18 ), to treaties ( I Kings 5 : 12 ), and in prayer for the wellbeing of cities or nations ( Psalm 122 : 6, Jeremiah 29 : 7 ). The meaning of completeness, central to the term shalom, can also be confirmed in related terms found in other Semitic languages. The Assyrian term salamu means to be complete, unharmed, paid / atoned. Sulmu, another Assyrian term, means welfare. A closer relation to the idea of shalom as concept and action is seen in the Arabic root salaam, meaning to be safe, secure and forgiven, among other things. In expressions The word `` shalom '' can be used for all parts of speech ; as a noun, adjective, verb, adverb, and interjection. It categorizes all shaloms. The word shalom is used in a variety of expressions and contexts in Hebrew speech and writing : Shalom aleichem ( שָׁלוֹם עֲלֵיכֶם ‬ ; `` well - being be upon you '' or `` may you be well '' ), this expression is used to greet others and is a Hebrew equivalent of `` hello ''. Also, for example : `` shabat shalom ! '' The appropriate response to such a greeting is `` upon you be well - being '' ( עֲלֵיכֶם שָׁלוֹם, aleichem shalom ). This is a cognate of the Arabic Assalamu alaikum. On Erev Shabbat ( Sabbath eve ), Jewish people have a custom of singing a song which is called Shalom aleichem, before the Kiddush over wine of the Shabbat dinner is recited. In the Gospels, Jesus often uses the greeting `` Peace be unto you '' ( e.g., Matt 10 : 12 ), a translation of shalom aleichem. See Pax ( liturgy ). Shalom by itself is a very common abbreviation and it is used in Modern Israeli Hebrew as a greeting, to which the common reply is, Shalom, Shalom. It is also used as a farewell. In this way it is similar to the Hawaiian aloha, the English good evening and the Indian namaste. Also in Israel, `` bye '' ( English ) and `` yallah bye '' ( a mixture of Arabic and English ) is popular. Shalom is also used by Jewish people around the world, and even by many non-Jewish people. Shabbat shalom ( שַׁבָּת שָׁלוֹם ‬ ) is a common greeting used on Shabbat. This is most prominent in areas with Mizrahi, Sephardi, or modern Israeli influence. Many Ashkenazi communities in the Jewish diaspora use Yiddish Gut shabbes in preference or interchangeably. Ma sh'lom'cha ( מַה שְׁלוֹמְךָ ‬ ; `` what is your well - being / peace ? '' ) is a Hebrew equivalent of the English `` how are you ? ''. This is the form addressed to an individual male. The form for addressing an individual female is Ma sh'lomech ? For addressing several females, Ma sh'lomchen ? For a group of males or a mixed - gender group, Ma sh'lomchem ? Alav hashalom ( עָלָיו הַשָּׁלוֹם ‬ ; `` upon him is peace '' ) is a phrase used in some Jewish communities, especially Ashkenazi ones, after mentioning the name of a deceased respected individual. Oseh shalom is the part of a passage commonly found as a concluding sentence in much Jewish liturgy ( including the birkat hamazon, kaddish and personal amidah prayers ). The full sentence is עוֹשֶׂה שָׁלוֹם בִּמְרוֹמָיו, הוּא יַעֲשֶׂה שָׁלוֹם עַלֵינוּ, וְעַל כָּל יִשְׂרָאֵל וְאִמְרוּ אָמֵן ‬ ( Oseh shalom bimromav, hu ya'aseh shalom aleynu, ve'al kol Yisrael ve'imru amen ), which translates to English as `` He who makes peace in His heights may He make peace upon us and upon all Israel ; and say, Amen. '' It originates from Job 25 : 2. U.S. President Bill Clinton ended his eulogy for Yitzhak Rabin with the words Shalom, chaver ( Goodbye, friend ). Jewish religious principle In Judaism, Shalom ( peace ), is one of the underlying principles of the Torah : `` Her ways are pleasant ways and all her paths are shalom ( peace ) ''. '' The Talmud explains, `` The entire Torah is for the sake of the ways of shalom ''. Maimonides comments in his Mishneh Torah : `` Great is peace, as the whole Torah was given in order to promote peace in the world, as it is stated, ' Her ways are pleasant ways and all her paths are peace ' ''. In the book Not the Way It 's Supposed to Be : A Breviary of Sin, author Cornelius Plantinga described the Old Testament concept of shalom : The webbing together of God, humans, and all creation in justice, fulfillment, and delight is what the Hebrew prophets call shalom. We call it peace but it means far more than mere peace of mind or a cease - fire between enemies. In the Bible, shalom means universal flourishing, wholeness and delight -- a rich state of affairs in which natural needs are satisfied and natural gifts fruitfully employed, a state of affairs that inspires joyful wonder as its Creator and Savior opens doors and welcomes the creatures in whom he delights. Shalom, in other words, is the way things ought to be. Use as name Name for God The Talmud says, `` the name of God is ' Peace ' '', therefore, one is not permitted to greet another with the word shalom in places such as a bathroom. Biblical references make many Christians teach that `` Shalom '' is one of the sacred names of God. Name for people Shalom is also common in modern Hebrew in Israel, as a given name or a surname. It is usually used by men as a given name but there are women named Shalom as well such as the model Shalom Harlow. The name Shlomo, ( from Solomon, שלמה ). Related male names include Shlomi. Related female names include Shulamit, Shulamith, Shlomtzion or Shlomzion and Salome and Shlomith. Sholem Aleichem was the pseudonym of Shalom Rabinowitz, whose work, Tevye and his Daughters, formed the basis for Fiddler on the Roof. Name of organizations Shalom can be part of an organization 's name. For example, the names of the following organizations and places refer to `` peace '' between Israel and its Arab neighbors : Brit Tzedek v'Shalom Brit Shalom Gush Shalom Hevel Shalom Neve Shalom Shalom Achshav Shalom Sesame Name of synagogues or structures Shalom is used as part of other names, such as for synagogues, as in : Beth Sholom Synagogue in Elkins Park, Pennsylvania designed by famed architect, Frank Lloyd Wright Neve Shalom Synagogue in İstanbul, Turkey Shalom BC, Jewish Information and Referrals in Vancouver, Canada Shalom Park in Charlotte, North Carolina and Denver, Colorado Shalom Meir Tower in Tel Aviv, Israel Shalom Christian Academy in Marion, Pennsylvania Temple Shalom ( Middletown, Rhode Island ) Valley Beth Shalom in Encino, California Shalom Sports Center in Ibaraki, Japan. Name of events The 1982 Lebanon War is known in Hebrew as Milchemet Shalom Hagalil ( Hebrew : מלחמת שלום הגליל ‬ ), which means in English, `` The War for the Shalom ( or Well - Being ) of the Galilee ''. Other SS Shalom, an ocean liner operated by Zim Lines, Israel 1964 -- 1967. Şalom is a Jewish weekly newspaper published in İstanbul, Turkey in Turkish and one page in Ladino ( Judaeo - Spanish ). ( The Turkish letter ş is pronounced / ʃ /, like English sh or Hebrew ש. ) `` Shalom '' is a song by Voltaire, on the CD The Devil 's Bris. `` Shalom '' is a song by THePETEBOX. See also Aloha has a similar meaning Ciao Greeting Inner peace Mahalo has a similar meaning Namaste has a similar meaning Peace has a similar meaning S-L-M ( Salaam ) Salaam / Od Yavo Shalom Aleinu, song of Mosh Ben Ari Salama in the Makua language has a similar meaning Salute Shlama References Jump up ^ Glamour of the Grammar in the Jerusalem Post Jump up ^ `` Blue Letter Bible ''. Jump up ^ `` Old Testament Hebrew Lexicon ''. Bible Study Tools. Jump up ^ `` A thorough etymological analysis of the Hebrew roots and their derivatives reveal that ' Lom was the basic root word for Shalom and appears in other languages in similar forms. '' ( Botterweck, Ringgren, and Fabry, Theological Dictionary of the Old Testament, Volume XV, pg 13 - 49, F.J. Stendebach, Helmer Ringgren, Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing Co., 2004, ISBN 0802823378 ) Jump up ^ `` lm... SHALOM ; SHALOM ALEICHEM, from Hebrew lm, well - being, peace. '' Appendix II, The Appendix of Semitic Roots, The American Heritage ® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition, 2000, Houghton Mifflin Company. Jump up ^ Gehman, Henry Snyder. `` ' Επισκέπομαι, ἐπίσκεψις, ἐπίσκοπος, and ἐπισκοπή : In the Septuagint in Relation to פקד and Other Hebrew Roots : A Case of Semantic Development Similar to That of Hebrew. '' Vetus Testamentum ( 1972 ) : 197 - 207. Jump up ^ Segal, J.B. `` Neo-Aramaic Proverbs of the Jews of Zakho '', Journal of Near Eastern Studies ( 1955 ) : 251 - 270. Jump up ^ De Jassy, O. Neufchotz. `` The Mythological Hebrew Terms Explained by the Sanskrit. '' The Monist ( 1908 ) : 126 - 142. Jump up ^ Rabbis Drs. Andrew Goldstein & Charles H Middleburgh, ed. ( 2003 ). Machzor Ruach Chadashah ( in English and Hebrew ). Liberal Judaism. Jump up ^ Proverbs 3 : 17 Jump up ^ Talmud, Gittin 59b Jump up ^ Maimonides, Mishneh Torah, The Laws of Chanukah 4 : 14 Jump up ^ `` Shalom : The Real Utopia ''. Jump up ^ Shabbat 10b from Judges 6 : 24 Jump up ^ Stone, Nathan J. Names of God, pg. 6, Moody Publishers, 1987 Jump up ^ `` The Names of God : Jehovah Shalom ''. blogs.blueletterbible.org. Jump up ^ Fanning, Don. `` Theology Proper, '' pg. 25 ( 2009 ). Jump up ^ F.E. Marsh dealing with the comprehensiveness of the word shalom is the personification of Peace... and a name of God, Lockyer, Herbert. All the Divine Names and Titles in the Bible. pg. 41, 47, Zondervan, 1988 Jump up ^ Hemphill, Ken. `` How Excellent are Thy Names, '' Christianity Today 45.13 ( 2001 ) : 95 - 97 Jump up ^ Diamond, James Arthur. Converts, Heretics, and Lepers : Maimonides and the Outsider. University of Notre Dame Press, 2007 Jump up ^ Trepp, Leo. `` Jeremiah and We. '' European Judaism : A Journal for the New Europe, Vol. 27, No. 1, Bergham Books ( 1994 ) : 29 - 36 Jump up ^ Spangler, Ann, ed. GW, Names of God Bible. Pg. 81, Baker Books, 2011 Jump up ^ Williams, Cathy Q. `` Black Online, Doctoral Psychology Graduates ' Academic Achievement : A Phenomenological Self - Directed Learning Perspective. '' ( 2015 ) Jump up ^ Spangler, Ann. Praying the names of God : a daily guide. Pg. 9, Zondervan, 2004 Sources Eirene, A Greek - English Lexicon of the New Testament and other Early Christian Literature ( Chicago, IL : University of Chicago Press, 2000 ). Eirene, shalóm, and shalám, Nueva Concordancia Strong Exhaustiva ( Miami, FL : Editorial Caribe, 2002 ). Eirene, shalom, and shalam, The New Strong 's Exhaustive Concordance of the Bible ( Nashville, TN : Thomas Nelson Publishers, 1990 ). Paz, Diccionario de la Lengua Española ( Madrid, Spain : Real Academia Española, 2001 ). Paz, Nuevo Diccionario Bíblico ( Downers Grove, IL : Ediciones Certeza, 1991 ). Shalom, The Brown - Driver - Briggs Hebrew and English Lexicon ( Peabody, MA : Hendrickson Publishers, 2003 ) Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Shalom&oldid=835268822 '' Categories : Greeting words and phrases Hebrew words and phrases Judaism and peace Parting phrases Hidden categories : All articles with dead external links Articles with dead external links from September 2017 CS1 Hebrew - language sources ( he ) Articles that may contain original research from June 2009 All articles that may contain original research Articles containing Hebrew - language text Articles needing additional references from December 2016 All articles needing additional references Talk Contents About Wikipedia Aragonés Català Čeština Corsu Davvisámegiella Deutsch Ελληνικά Español Français Frysk Galego 한국어 Հայերեն Hrvatski Bahasa Indonesia Italiano Lietuvių Bahasa Melayu Nederlands 日本 語 Napulitano Norsk Occitan Pälzisch Polski Português Русский Simple English Slovenščina Српски / srpski Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски Suomi Svenska தமிழ் ไทย Українська Vèneto Walon 中文 30 more Edit links This page was last edited on 7 April 2018, at 16 : 56. 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Question: what is the meaning of shalom in english
Answer: peace, harmony, wholeness, completeness, prosperity, welfare and tranquility and can be used idiomatically to mean both hello and goodbye; peace