Beryl Markham - wikipedia Beryl Markham Beryl Markham Beryl Markham in 1936 Beryl Clutterbuck 26 October 1902 Ashwell, Rutland, United Kingdom 3 August 1986 ( 1986 - 08 - 03 ) ( aged 83 ) Nairobi, Kenya, Africa Occupation Writer, pilot, horse trainer Notable works West with the Night Beryl Markham ( née Clutterbuck, 26 October 1902 -- 3 August 1986 ) was a British - born Kenyan aviator ( one of the first bush pilots ), adventurer, racehorse trainer and author. She was the first woman to fly solo, non-stop across the Atlantic from east to west. She wrote about her adventures in her memoir, West with the Night. Contents 1 Early years 2 Record flight 3 Rediscovery 4 Authorship controversy 5 In popular culture 6 Legacy and honors 7 Notes 8 References 9 External links Early years Markham was born in the village of Ashwell, in the county of Rutland, England, the daughter of Charles Baldwin Clutterbuck, an accomplished horse trainer, and Clara Agnes ( née Alexander ) Clutterbuck ( 1878 -- 1952 ). She had an older brother, Richard Alexander `` Dickie '' Clutterbuck ( 1900 -- 1927 ). When she was four years old, her father moved the family to Kenya, which was then colonial British East Africa. He purchased a farm in Njoro near the Great Rift Valley, and worked for Hugh Cholmondeley. Although her mother disliked the isolation there and promptly returned to England, Markham stayed in Kenya with her father, where she spent an adventurous childhood learning, playing, and hunting with the local children. Later, after both women had spent time back in England, Markham and her mother, now Kirkpatrick, had returned to Kenya, living near each other in the small expatriate community. Markham would greet her two new half - brothers, but never quite forgave her mother. On her family 's farm, she developed her knowledge of and love for horses. At 18 years old, she became the first licensed female racehorse trainer in Africa and rapidly became a successful and renowned figure among the racing community of Kenya. She trained six winners of the Kenya Derby. Adventurous, independent thinking, and beautiful, Markham was admired and described as a noted non-conformist, even in a colony known for its colourful eccentrics. She was married three times, taking the name Markham from her second husband, the wealthy Mansfield Markham, with whom she had a son, Gervase. She had a public affair in 1929 with Prince Henry, Duke of Gloucester, the son of George V, but the Windsors allegedly cut the romance short. She also had an affair with Hubert Broad, who was later named by Mansfield Markham as a co-respondent in his 1937 divorce from Beryl. After her Atlantic crossing, she returned to be with Broad, who was also a great influence in her flying career. She befriended the Danish writer Karen Blixen during the years that Baroness Blixen was managing her family 's coffee farm in the Ngong hills outside Nairobi. When Blixen 's romantic connection with the hunter and pilot Denys Finch Hatton was winding down, Markham started her own affair with him. He invited her to tour game lands on what turned out to be his fatal flight, but Markham supposedly declined because of a premonition of her flight instructor, British pilot Tom Campbell Black. Inspired and coached by Tom Campbell Black, with whom she had a long - term affair, Markham took up flying. She worked for some time as a bush pilot, spotting game animals from the air and signaling their locations to safaris on the ground. She also mingled with the notorious Happy Valley set. Record flight Beryl Markham, circa 1930. Markham was the first woman to successfully fly across the Atlantic from east to west non-stop. Strong headwinds made the westward trip more difficult than the east - bound flights by Charles Lindbergh and Amelia Earhart. ( The first east - west non-stop transatlantic crossing by an aeroplane was made in 1928 by the Bremen, a German Junkers W33 type aircraft, from Baldonnel Airfield in County Dublin, Ireland. ( 14 ) On 18 August 1932 Jim Mollison made the first east - to - west solo trans - Atlantic flight ; flying from Portmarnock in Ireland to Pennfield, New Brunswick, Canada in a de Havilland Puss Moth. ( 15 ) ) When Markham decided to take on the Atlantic crossing, no female pilot had yet flown non-stop from Europe to New York, and no woman had made the westward flight solo, though several had died trying. Markham hoped to claim both records. On 4 September 1936, she took off from Abingdon, England. After a 20 - hour flight, her Vega Gull, The Messenger, suffered fuel starvation due to icing of the fuel tank vents, and she crash - landed at Baleine Cove on Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia, Canada. She became the first person to make it from England to North America non-stop from east to west. She was celebrated as an aviation pioneer. Markham chronicled her many adventures in her memoir, West with the Night, published in 1942. Despite strong reviews in the press, the book sold modestly, and then quickly went out of print. After living for many years in the United States, Markham moved back to Kenya in 1952, becoming for a time the most successful horse trainer in the country. Rediscovery Markham 's memoir lingered in obscurity until 1982, when California restaurateur George Gutekunst read a collection of Ernest Hemingway 's letters, including one in which Hemingway lavishly praised Markham 's writing ( if not Markham herself ) : `` `` Did you read Beryl Markham 's book, West with the Night ?... She has written so well, and marvelously well, that I was completely ashamed of myself as a writer. I felt that I was simply a carpenter with words, picking up whatever was furnished on the job and nailing them together and sometimes making an okay pig pen. But this girl, who is to my knowledge very unpleasant and we might even say a high - grade bitch, can write rings around all of us who consider ourselves as writers... it really is a bloody wonderful book. '' '' Intrigued, Gutekunst read West with the Night and became so enamored of Markham 's prose that he helped persuade a California publisher, North Point Press, to re-issue the book in 1983. The re-release of the book launched a remarkable final chapter in the life of the eighty - year - old Markham, who was lauded for her three final years as a great author as well as flyer. When found in Kenya by AP East Africa correspondent Barry Shlachter, Markham was living in poverty. She had recently been badly beaten during a burglary at her house near the Nairobi racetrack, where she still trained thoroughbreds. The success of the re-issue of West with the Night provided enough income for Markham to finish her life in relative comfort. Earlier, she had been supported by a circle of friends and owners of race horses she trained into her 80s. The book became a surprising best - seller, spurred by the 1986 broadcast of a public television documentary about Markham 's life, World Without Walls : Beryl Markham 's African Memoir, produced by Gutekunst, Shlachter, Joan Saffa, Stephen Talbot and Judy Flannery in collaboration with KQED - TV in San Francisco. Gutekunst and Shlachter had approached the station to co-operate on the documentary, directed by Andrew Maxwell - Hyslop. British actress Diana Quick was the voice of Markham in readings from her memoir and Shlachter conducted the interviews. CNN Africa correspondent Gary Streiker did the filming for the well - reviewed, award - winning PBS program. Markham died in Nairobi in 1986. Her short stories were posthumously collected in The Splendid Outcast, with an introduction by Mary S. Lovell. A tale from West with the Night was excerpted and illustrated by Don Brown as a children 's book, The Good Lion. In 1988, CBS aired the biographical miniseries, Beryl Markham : A Shadow on the Sun, with Stefanie Powers in the title role. Authorship controversy Critics raised questions as to whether Markham was the true, or sole author of West with the Night, when her ex-husband made claims to the book. Evidence abounds that she was indeed the sole author ; copies of the manuscripts sent to her editor prior to Beryl meeting her ex-husband quickly silenced the critics and his claims. Criticism of this sort was often made of women writers during a time of little respect for a woman 's success. Author Mary S. Lovell visited Markham in Nairobi and interviewed her extensively shortly before Markham 's death, in preparation for her biography, Straight On Till Morning ( 1987 ). From her research, Lovell concluded that Markham was the sole author, although Schumacher made some basic edits to the manuscript. Instead, Lovell suggests Antoine de Saint Exupéry, another of Markham 's lovers, may have served as inspiration for Markham 's clear, elegant language and storytelling style. In popular culture In the film adaptation of Blixen 's memoir, Out of Africa ( 1985 ), Markham is represented as an outspoken, horse - riding tomboy named Felicity. 1986, a United States public television documentary about Markham 's life, World Without Walls : Beryl Markham 's African Memoir, was produced by Gutekunst, Shlachter, Joan Saffa, Stephen Talbot and Judy Flannery in collaboration with KQED - TV. Stefanie Powers portrayed her in a made - for - TV film called Beryl Markham : In The Shadow of the Sun in 1988. In the BBC - TV series, Heat of the Sun ( 1998 ), set in 1930s Kenya, the character of Emma Fitzgerald, an independent aviator played by Susannah Harker, appears to be modelled after Markham. A novel written by Paula McLain about Markham 's life, Circling the Sun, was released in 2015. Legacy and honors The International Astronomical Union has named the impact crater Markham, on the planet Venus, after her. Notes Jump up ^ Lovell, Mary S., Straight on Till Morning, New York : St. Martin 's Press, 1987, p. 3 Jump up ^ `` Divorce Court File : 7428. Appellant : Mansfield Markham. Respondent : Beryl Markham... '' nationalarchives.gov.uk. Retrieved 11 March 2016. Jump up ^ Markham, Beryl, West with the Night, North Point Press, 1983, p. 194 Jump up ^ Lovell, Mary S., Straight on Till Morning, New York : St. Martin 's Press, 1987, p. 175 Jump up ^ Lovell, Mary S., Straight On Till Morning, New York : St. Martin 's Press, 1987, p. 236 Jump up ^ Shlachter, Barry, `` A Life of Adventure Rediscovered : Beryl Markham 's 1942 Book, Lauded by Hemingway, Reprinted, '' The Associated Press, `` International Herald Tribune, '' 16 June 1983, Paris. Jump up ^ Mitgang, Herbert ( 1 ) `` The New York Times '', 8 October 1986, and 5 November 1986 CORRECTION. `` ' World Without Walls, ' About Beryl Markham ''. Jump up ^ Lovell, Mary S., Straight on Till Morning, New York : St. Martin 's Press, 1987, pp. 218 -- 220 References Markham, Beryl. West with the Night. San Francisco : North Point Press, 1983 ( 1942 ). ISBN 0 - 86547 - 118 - 5. Lovell, Mary S. Straight on Till Morning : The Biography of Beryl Markham New York : St Martins Press, 1987. ISBN 0 - 312 - 01096 - 6 Shlachter, Barry, `` A Life of Adventure Rediscovered : Beryl Markham 's 1942 Book, Lauded by Hemingway, Reprinted, '' The Associated Press, carried by `` International Herald Tribune, '' Paris, 16 June 1983. Trzebinski, Errol. The Lives of Beryl Markham. New York : W.W. Norton. 1993. ISBN 0 - 393 - 03556 - 5. Wheeler, Sara. Too Close to the Sun : The Audacious Life and Times of Denys Finch Hatton. New York : Random House. 2006. ISBN 978 - 1 - 4000 - 6069 - 6. External links `` Beryl Markham '' page at www.karenblixen.com. New York Times review of World Without Walls : Beryl Markham 's African Memoir ( 1986 ) New York Times review of Beryl Markham : A Shadow on the Sun Beryl Markham : A Shadow on the Sun on IMDb Biographer Mary S. Lovell 's page for The Splendid Outcast Kirkpatrick Family archives group sheet for Butterwick line at http://genealogy.kirkpatrickaustralian.com/archives/familygroup.php?familyID=F7266&tree=TKA VIAF : 79059451 LCCN : n86115728 ISNI : 0000 0000 8396 7241 GND : 119071673 SELIBR : 278660 SUDOC : 112229069 BNF : cb120954238 ( data ) NLA : 35199665 NDL : 00621072 NKC : ola2010586712 BNE : XX908241 SNAC : w6jm659c Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Beryl_Markham&oldid=837020810 '' Categories : 1902 births 1986 deaths People from Ashwell, Rutland English emigrants to Kenya British memoirists Female aviators British horse trainers White Kenyan people Kenyan writers Kenyan women writers British female aviators Women aviation record holders British aviation record holders Hidden categories : EngvarB from May 2013 Use dmy dates from May 2013 Pages using Infobox writer with unknown parameters All articles with unsourced statements Articles with unsourced statements from April 2018 Wikipedia articles with VIAF identifiers Wikipedia articles with LCCN identifiers Wikipedia articles with ISNI identifiers Wikipedia articles with GND identifiers Wikipedia articles with SELIBR identifiers Wikipedia articles with BNF identifiers Wikipedia articles with NLA identifiers Wikipedia articles with SNAC - ID identifiers Talk Contents About Wikipedia Català Čeština Deutsch Español Français Galego 日本 語 Português Русский Svenska Українська 4 more Edit links This page was last edited on 18 April 2018, at 06 : 47. 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Question: when did beryl markham fly across the atlantic
Answer: September 1936; 4 September 1936; 4 September 1936; 4 September 1936; 4 September 1936