Blood Swept Lands and Seas of red - wikipedia Blood Swept Lands and Seas of red Blood Swept Lands and Seas of Red United Kingdom For the centenary of the outbreak of World War I Established 17 July 2014 ( 2014 - 07 - 17 ) Unveiled 11 November 2014 ( 2014 - 11 - 11 ) Location 51 ° 30 ′ 33 '' N 0 ° 04 ′ 31 '' W ﻿ / ﻿ 51.50912 ° N 0.07528 ° W ﻿ / 51.50912 ; - 0.07528 Coordinates : 51 ° 30 ′ 33 '' N 0 ° 04 ′ 31 '' W ﻿ / ﻿ 51.50912 ° N 0.07528 ° W ﻿ / 51.50912 ; - 0.07528 moat at the Tower of London Designed by Paul Cummins Tom Piper Total commemorated 888,246 by ceramic poppies Statistics source : Tower of London Remembers Blood Swept Lands and Seas of Red was a work of installation art placed in the moat of the Tower of London, England, between July and November 2014, commemorating the centenary of the outbreak of World War I. It consisted of 888,246 ceramic red poppies, each intended to represent one British or Colonial serviceman killed in the War. The artist was Paul Cummins, with setting by stage designer Tom Piper. The work 's title was taken from the first line of a poem by an unknown World War I soldier. Contents 1 Background 2 Form 3 Official visits and public reaction 4 Critical reaction 5 UK tour 6 See also 7 References 8 External links Background The work 's title, and Cummins ' inspiration for the work, came from a poem by an unknown World War I soldier from Derbyshire, who joined up in the early days of the war and died in Flanders. The poem begins : `` The blood swept lands and seas of red, / Where angels dare to tread /... ``. The poem was contained in the soldier 's unsigned will, found by Cummins among old records in Chesterfield. The Tower of London moat, in which the work was set, was used in the early days of the war as a training ground for City of London workers who had enlisted to fight -- the `` Stockbrokers ' Battalion ''. Form The work consisted of a sea of ceramic red poppies, which were individually hand - made at Cummins ' ceramics works in Derbyshire, and some at Johnson Tiles in Tunstall, Stoke - on - Trent. The poppies were added to the installation progressively by volunteers. The 497,000 kg of the Etruria Marl - based Etruscan red earthenware used, as well as the majority of the manufacturing equipment and materials, were supplied by Potclays Limited in Stoke - on - Trent There were eventually 888,246 of the flowers, representing one count of the number of British and Colonial military fatalities in World War I. The sea of flowers was arranged to resemble a pool of blood which appeared to be pouring out of a bastion window ( the `` Weeping Window '' ). The first poppy was planted on 17 July 2014, and the work was unveiled on 5 August ( the centenary of Britain 's entry into the war ). A team of about 17,500 volunteers put the poppies in place. The last one was planted on 11 November 2014 ( Remembrance Day ), by a 13 - year - old cadet, Harry Hayes, from the Combined Cadet Force ( CCF ) of Reading Blue Coat School. After that day a team of about 8000 volunteers began removing the flowers. Members of the public had been able to pre-order the ceramic poppies for £ 25 each, with a share of the proceeds ( estimated at more than £ 15 million ) going to six service charities : COBSEO, Combat Stress, Coming Home, Help for Heroes, the Royal British Legion and SSAFA. At around sunset each day between 1 September and 10 November, the names of 180 World War I service personnel, nominated by members of the public to appear on a Roll of Honour, were read aloud by a Yeoman Warder, followed by the Last Post bugle call. Official visits and public reaction Reading of the Roll of Honour, to be followed by playing of the Last Post The installation was visited by the Princes William and Harry and the Duchess of Cambridge on the day of its opening, and by the Queen and Duke of Edinburgh on 16 October. The Queen later spoke about the memorial in her annual Christmas Message, broadcast on 25 December 2014. Poppies from the display with a certificate in a cabinet at a church In all, an estimated five million people saw the memorial, and the huge visitor demand saw Prime Minister David Cameron and other politicians join calls to try and extend the period for which the installation remained at the Tower so that more visitors would be able to pay their respects. Cummins and Tower officials resisted such calls, stating that the transience of the installation was a key part of the artistic concept, and that the poppies would be removed as planned and distributed to their purchasers. On 8 November it was announced that the Wave segment -- a steel construction with poppies around the Tower entrance -- would remain in place until the end of the month, and that the Wave and the Weeping Window segments ( both made by the Theatre Royal, Plymouth ) would be taken on a tour of the UK, organised by 14 - 18 NOW, lasting until 2018 and would then go on permanent display at the Imperial War Museums in London and Manchester. A campaign was launched in December 2014 to bring the sculptural elements to Stoke - on - Trent during the tour itinerary as the majority of materials and much of the piece itself were manufactured in the city. In April 2016, about halfway through the tour, the Weeping Windows segment was installed at St. Magnus Cathedral in Kirkwall, Orkney, Britain 's most northerly cathedral, to commemorate the 100th anniversary of the Battle of Jutland, the biggest naval engagement of the First World War. In recognition of the work, Paul Cummins and Tom Piper were both awarded the MBE ( Member of the Order of the British Empire ) in the 2015 New Year Honours. Critical reaction Although the installation struck a chord with the public, it received negative reactions from some press critics. A.A. Gill of The Sunday Times called it `` impressive '' but `` curiously bland ''. The Guardian 's art critic Jonathan Jones described it as having a `` false nobility '' and being a `` prettified and toothless '' memorial. Tom Piper said in response that ``... it is a remarkably good thing that it is so accessible. We should not be trying to create something that is difficult to understand. '' UK tour In November 2014, it was announced that Wave and the Weeping Window segments would tour to venues around the UK until 2018. This was organised by 14 - 18 NOW. The scheduled venues were : Woodhorn Museum, Ashington ; St George 's Hall, Liverpool Yorkshire Sculpture Park St Magnus Cathedral, Kirkwall Lincoln Castle Black Watch Museum, Perth Caernarfon Castle Hull Maritime Museum The Silk Mill, Derby Barge Pier, Shoeburyness Ulster Museum, Belfast National Assembly for Wales, Cardiff Plymouth Naval Memorial See also Remembrance poppy References Jump up ^ `` Tower of London Remembers ''. Historic Royal Palaces. Retrieved 25 May 2015. ^ Jump up to : `` About the installation '', Tower of London website. Retrieved 17 October 2014 Jump up ^ Some sources give ``... fear to tread... '' Jump up ^ `` The Will of an unnamed soldier '', SSAFA website ( contains full text of poem ). Retrieved 9 April 2015 ^ Jump up to : `` Poppies to fill Tower of London moat in first world war commemoration '', The Guardian, 7 May 2014. ^ Jump up to : `` Campaign launched to bring the Tower of London poppies to Stoke - on - Trent '', The Sentinel, 12 December 2014. Jump up ^ `` Johnson Tiles helps poppies bloom at Tower of London '', Johnson Tiles website, 5 November 2014. Jump up ^ `` The poppies at the Tower of London '', BBC News, 7 November 2014. Jump up ^ http://www.stokesentinel.co.uk/Business-Family-firm-Potclays-supplies-materials/story-21090630-detail/story.html ) Jump up ^ `` Tower poppies ' debt to the Potteries '', The Guardian, 29 December 2014. Jump up ^ Commonwealth War Graves Commission Annual Report 2010 -- 2011 Archived 4 November 2015 at the Wayback Machine... This includes a table of numbers of war dead ( page 45 ) ; 888,246 is the figure for identified burials and names listed on memorials, for the UK and colonies ( not including dominions ). Jump up ^ `` Cadet Harry Hayes, 13, plants last of 888,246 poppies in Tower of London moat '', The Daily Telegraph, 11 November 2014. Jump up ^ `` Tower of London poppies : Volunteers to remove ceramic flowers '', BBC News, 12 November 2014. Jump up ^ `` Removal of Tower of London poppies ' at halfway point ' '', BBC News, 19 November 2014. Jump up ^ `` Roll of Honour -- Submit your nomination ''. Historic Royal Palaces -- Tower of London. Retrieved 7 November 2014. Jump up ^ `` Kate, William and Harry visit blood red sea of poppies '', royalista.com, 6 August 2014 Jump up ^ `` Queen visits Tower of London poppy garden '', BBC News, 16 October 2014. Jump up ^ `` Queen visits Blood Swept Lands and Seas of Red installation '', The Guardian, 16 October 2014. Jump up ^ `` Tower of London poppies : Final poppy is ' planted ' '', BBC News, 11 November 2014. Jump up ^ `` David Cameron joins plea to extend Tower of London poppies '', The Daily Telegraph, 7 November 2014. ^ Jump up to : `` Tower of London poppies to be removed as planned on 12 November '', The Guardian, 6 November 2014. Jump up ^ `` Poppy display segment at Tower of London given extension '', BBC News, 8 November 2012. ^ Jump up to : `` Tower of London poppies : Thousands to go on tour ''. BBC News Online. 9 November 2014. Retrieved 7 July 2016. Jump up ^ Brown, Mark ( 22 April 2016 ). `` Tower of London poppies bloom at Britain 's most northerly cathedral ''. The Guardian. Retrieved 2 July 2016. Jump up ^ `` NY Honours for poppy duo, Joan Collins and John Hurt '', BBC News, 30 December 2014. Jump up ^ BBC News paper review, 9 November 2014. Jump up ^ `` Poppy display segment at Tower of London given extension '', BBC News, 8 November 2012. Jump up ^ `` 2017 Locations ''. www.1418now.org.uk. 14 - 18 - Now. Retrieved 11 July 2017. External links 14 - 18 NOW Official website Video : Making the Poppies ( with introduction by Paul Cummins ) Media related to Blood Swept Lands and Seas of Red at Wikimedia Commons Public art and memorials in London Statues Monarchs Richard I Charles I Charles II James II Anne St Paul 's Westminster George III George IV George V George VI Others Alanbrooke Becket Bolívar Brunel Burns Cambridge Canning Chaplin Churchill Clive Cook Cromwell Derby Devonshire Disraeli Frere Freud Gagarin Gandhi Greathead Haig Havelock Herbert Irving Jenner Kitchener Lawson Lincoln Lloyd George Mandela Moore Montgomery Mountbatten Myddelton Napier Newman Newton Nightingale Orwell Outram Palmerston Peel Raikes Reynolds Roberts San Martín Shakespeare Slim Smuts Trajan Wallenberg Washington Wellington City Hyde Park Corner Wesley St Paul 's Shoreditch Westminster White Winehouse Wolseley Fictional Peter Pan Sherlock Holmes Memorials 7 July bombings Albert Alexandra Anti-Air War Bali bombings Bazalgette Bolan Bromhead Burdett - Coutts Cavell Cheylesmore Christie Donne Eleanor ( Charing Cross ) Faraday Firefighters George VI and Queen Elizabeth Grace Great Exhibition Great Fire of London Golden Boy of Pye Corner The Monument Heminges and Condell Heroic self - sacrifice Hogg Journalists Kennedy Lister Nelson 's Column Pankhurst Police Queen Elizabeth Gate Stratford Martyrs Suffragettes Victoria Wellington Arch Wellington Monument Whittington Wilde Duke of York Column War memorials Pre - C20 Animals in War Crimean War Gurkhas ( 1816 -- ) Marble Arch New Zealand Campaign ( 1863 -- 1864 ) Siege of Cádiz Westminster School Boer Wars 61st Battery Royal Field Artillery ( Woolwich ) Barnet Boys School Royal Artillery ( The Mall ) Royal Marines WWI WWII 24th East Surrey Division Africa and the Caribbean Australia Baltic Exchange Battle of Britain Belgium Blood Swept Lands and Seas of Red Bromley Parish Church Canada Cavalry The Cenotaph Chindits Chingford Chipping Barnet Civil Service Rifles Cockfosters Croydon La Délivrance Eagle Squadrons East Barnet Enfield Town ( 3 memorials ) Finchley Flanders Fields Memorial Garden Fleet Air Arm Fulham Golders Green Great Eastern Railway Great Western Railway Guards Division Hampstead Hampton Wick Hendon Holocaust Hornsey Imperial Camel Corps Islington Kindertransport Lincoln 's Inn London and North Western Railway London, Brighton and South Coast Railway London Troops Machine Gun Corps Malta Memorial Gates Merchant Navy Monken Hadley New Barnet New Zealand Paddington Poland Poplar Rainham Rifle Brigade Royal Air Force RAF Bomber Command Royal Artillery Royal Fusiliers Royal Naval Division Royal Tank Regiment St Michael, Cornhill Silvertown South Africa ( Richmond ) South Suburban Gas Company Southwark Submarines Women of World War II Wood Green Post-WWII Victims of Communism Korean War Iraq and Afghanistan Fountains Buxton Memorial Diana, Princess of Wales Memorial Diana Fountain, Bushy Park Diana Fountain, Green Park Fawcett Memorial The Horses of Helios Guilford Place Matilda Fountain Revolving Torsion Roehampton St Lawrence Jewry and St Mary Magdalene Shaftesbury Memorial ( `` Eros '' ) Lady Henry Somerset Memorial Victoria Park Murals Brixton Cable Street Poplar Rates Rebellion Sutton twin towns Sutton Heritage Mosaic Other works ArcelorMittal Orbit The Arch 1979 -- 1980 Atalanta The Barbican Muse Bellerophon Taming Pegasus Big 4 Boadicea and Her Daughters Bull The Burghers of Calais Christ Child Crystal Palace Dinosaurs The Diver Dolphin lamp standards Dragon boundary marks Draped Seated Woman 1957 -- 58 Elfin Oak Fourth plinth, Trafalgar Square Fulcrum The Gold Smelters Homage to Leonardo Horse and Rider Icarus Knife Edge Two Piece 1962 -- 65 Labyrinth Large Standing Figure ( Knife Edge ) London Noses London Pride The Messenger Millennium Dial The Naked Ladies The Neighbours Nike Old Father Time Paternoster Paternoster Vents Physical Energy Piscator Platforms Piece Putney Sculpture Trail Quantum Cloud The Queen 's Beasts Rush of Green St Paul 's Cross Single Form ( Memorial ) A Slice of Reality Slipstream South Bank Lion Still Water Traffic Light Tree Winged Figure World Cup Sculpture The Young Lovers Three Standing Figures 1947 Talking Statues Works formerly in London Blue plaques Camden Kensington and Chelsea City of Westminster By borough City of Westminster Hyde Park Kensington Gardens ( partly in Kensington and Chelsea ) Paddington St Marylebone Architectural sculpture City of London ( not a London borough ) Barking and Dagenham Barnet Bexley Brent Bromley Camden Croydon Ealing Enfield Greenwich Hackney Hammersmith and Fulham Haringey Harrow Havering Hillingdon Hounslow Islington Kensington and Chelsea Kingston Lambeth Lewisham Merton Newham Redbridge Richmond Southwark Sutton Tower Hamlets Waltham Forest Wandsworth Organisations Art on the Underground London Mural Preservation Society Metropolitan Drinking Fountain and Cattle Trough Association Statues in London on Wikimedia Commons Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Blood_Swept_Lands_and_Seas_of_Red&oldid=805615800 '' Categories : 2014 in art 2014 in London British contemporary works of art Centenary of the outbreak of World War I Installation art works Monuments and memorials in London Outdoor sculptures in London Papaver Tower of London World War I memorials in the United Kingdom Hidden categories : Webarchive template wayback links Use dmy dates from May 2015 Coordinates on Wikidata Talk Contents About Wikipedia Deutsch Edit links This page was last edited on 16 October 2017, at 15 : 06. Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution - ShareAlike License ; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia ® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization. About Wikipedia

Question: who made the poppies at tower of london
Answer: Paul Cummins; Paul Cummins; Paul Cummins; Paul Cummins; Paul Cummins