Acetate - wikipedia Acetate For other uses, see Acetate ( disambiguation ). Acetate Names IUPAC name Acetate Systematic IUPAC name Ethanoate Identifiers CAS Number 71 - 50 - 1 3D model ( JSmol ) Interactive image ChemSpider 170 PubChem CID 175 InChI InChI = 1S / C2H4O2 / c1 - 2 ( 3 ) 4 / h1H3, ( H, 3, 4 ) / p - 1 Key : QTBSBXVTEAMEQO - UHFFFAOYSA - M InChI = 1 / C2H4O2 / c1 - 2 ( 3 ) 4 / h1H3, ( H, 3, 4 ) / p - 1 Key : QTBSBXVTEAMEQO - REWHXWOFAL SMILES CC ( = O ) ( O - ) Properties Chemical formula 3O − Molar mass 59.04 g mol Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state ( at 25 ° C ( 77 ° F ), 100 kPa ). Infobox references An acetate / ˈæsɪteɪt / is a salt formed by the combination of acetic acid with an alkaline, earthy, or metallic base. `` Acetate '' also describes the conjugate base or ion ( specifically, the negatively charged ion called an anion ) typically found in aqueous solution and written with the chemical formula C H O. The neutral molecules formed by the combination of the acetate ion and a positive ion ( called a cation ) are also commonly called `` acetates '' ( hence, acetate of lead, acetate of aluminum, etc. ). The simplest of these is hydrogen acetate ( called acetic acid ) with corresponding salts, esters, and the polyatomic anion CH CO, or CH COO. Most of the approximately 5 billion kilograms of acetic acid produced annually in industry are used in the production of acetates, which usually take the form of polymers. In nature, acetate is the most common building block for biosynthesis. For example, the fatty acids are produced by connecting the two carbon atoms from acetate to a growing fatty acid. Contents 1 Nomenclature and common formula 2 Salts 3 Esters 4 Acetate in biology 5 Fermentation of acetate 6 Structures 7 See also 8 References 9 External links Nomenclature and common formula When part of a salt, the formula of the acetate ion is written as CH CO, C H O, or CH COO. Chemists abbreviate acetate as OAc or, less commonly, AcO. Thus, HOAc is the abbreviation for acetic acid, NaOAc for sodium acetate, and EtOAc for ethyl acetate. The abbreviation `` Ac '' ( or `` AC '' ) is also sometimes encountered in chemical formulas to indicate the acetate ion ( CH CO ), or the acetyl group ( CH CO ). This abbreviation is not to be confused with the symbol of actinium, the first element of the actinide series. For example, the formula for sodium acetate might be abbreviated as `` NaAc '', rather than `` NaC H O ''. Care should also be taken to avoid confusion with peracetic acid when using the OAc abbreviation ; for clarity and to avoid errors when translated, HOAc should be avoided in literature mentioning both compounds. Although its systematic name is ethanoate, the common acetate remains the preferred IUPAC name. Salts acetate anion The acetate anion, ( CH COO ), ( or ( C H O ) ) is one of the carboxylate family. It is the conjugate base of acetic acid. Above a pH of 5.5, acetic acid converts to acetate : CH COOH ⇌ CH COO + H Many acetate salts are ionic, indicated by their tendency to dissolve well in water. A commonly encountered acetate in the home is sodium acetate, a white solid that can be prepared by combining vinegar and sodium bicarbonate ( `` bicarbonate of soda '' ) : CH COOH + NaHCO → CH COO Na + H O + CO Transition metals can be complexed by acetate. Examples of acetate complexes include chromium ( II ) acetate and basic zinc acetate. Commercially important acetate salts are aluminium acetate, used in dyeing, ammonium acetate, a precursor to acetamide, and potassium acetate, used as a diuretic. All three salts are colourless and highly soluble in water. Esters acetate ester Acetate esters have the general formula CH CO R, where R is an organyl group. The esters are the dominant forms of acetate in the marketplace. Unlike the acetate salts, acetate esters are often liquids, lipophilic, and sometimes volatile. They are popular because they have inoffensive, often sweet odors, they are inexpensive, and they are usually of low toxicity. Almost half of acetic acid production is consumed in the production of vinyl acetate, precursor to polyvinyl alcohol, which is a component of many paints. The second largest use of acetic acid is consumed in the production of cellulose acetate. In fact, `` acetate '' is jargon for cellulose acetate, which is used in the production of fibres or diverse products, e.g. the acetate discs used in audio record production. Cellulose acetate can be found in many household products. Many industrial solvents are acetates, including methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, isopropyl acetate, ethylhexyl acetate. Butyl acetate is a fragrance used in food products. Acetate in biology Acetate is a common anion in biology. It is mainly utilized by organisms in the form of acetyl coenzyme A. Intraperitoneal injection of sodium acetate ( 20 or 60 mg per kg body mass ) was found to induce headache in sensitized rats, and it has been proposed that acetate resulting from oxidation of ethanol is a major factor in causing hangovers. Increased serum acetate levels lead to accumulation of adenosine in many tissues including the brain, and administration of the adenosine receptor antagonist caffeine to rats after ethanol was found to decrease nociceptive behavior. Fermentation of acetate Acetic acid can also undergo a dismutation reaction to produce methane and carbon dioxide : CH COO + H → CH + CO ΔG ° = − 36 kJ / mol This disproportionation reaction is catalysed by methanogen archaea in their fermentative metabolism. One electron is transferred from the carbonyl function ( e donor ) of the carboxylic group to the methyl group ( e acceptor ) of acetic acid to respectively produce CO and methane gas. Structures Space - filling model of the acetate anion resonance hybrid of the acetate anion canonical forms of the acetate anion See also Acetylation Cellulose acetate Copper ( II ) acetate Fermentation ( biochemistry ) Sodium acetate References Jump up ^ March, J. `` Advanced Organic Chemistry '' 4th Ed. J. Wiley and Sons, 1992 : New York. ISBN 0 - 471 - 60180 - 2. ^ Jump up to : Zumdahl, S.S. `` Chemistry '' Heath, 1986 : Lexington, MA. ISBN 0 - 669 - 04529 - 2. Jump up ^ R - 9.1 Trivial and semisystematic names retained for naming organic compounds, A Guide to IUPAC Nomenclature of Organic Compounds, IUPAC Commission on Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry ^ Jump up to : Hosea Cheung, Robin S. Tanke, G. Paul Torrence `` Acetic acid '' in Ullmann 's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry Weinheim, Germany : Wiley - VCH, 2005. doi : 10.1002 / 14356007. a01 045 Jump up ^ Nelson, D.L. ; Cox, M.M. `` Lehninger, Principles of Biochemistry '' 3rd Ed. Worth Publishing : New York, 2000. ISBN 1 - 57259 - 153 - 6. Jump up ^ Maxwell, Christina ; et al. `` Acetate Causes Alcohol Hangover Headache in Rats ''. PLoS ONE. 5 ( 12 ) : e15963. Bibcode : 2010PLoSO... 515963M. doi : 10.1371 / journal. pone. 0015963. PMC 3013144. PMID 21209842. Jump up ^ ' Is coffee the real cure for a hangover ? ' by Bob Holmes, New Scientist, Jan. 15 2011, p. 17. Jump up ^ Ferry, J.G. ( 1992 ). `` Methane from acetate ''. Journal of Bacteriology. 174 ( 17 ) : 5489 -- 5495. Retrieved 2011 - 11 - 05. Jump up ^ Vogels, G.D. ; Keltjens, J.T. ; Van Der Drift, C. ( 1988 ). `` Biochemistry of methane production ''. In Zehnder A.J.B. Biology of anaerobic microorganisms. New York : Wiley. pp. 707 -- 770. External links Wikimedia Commons has media related to Acetates. Salts and the ester of the acetate ion AcOH He LiOAc Be ( OAc ) BeAcOH B ( OAc ) ROAc NH OAc AcOAc FAc Ne NaOAc Mg ( OAc ) Al ( OAc ) ALSOL Al ( OAc ) OH Al SO ( OAc ) Si ClAc Ar KOAc Ca ( OAc ) Sc ( OAc ) Ti ( OAc ) VO ( OAc ) Cr ( OAc ) Mn ( OAc ) Mn ( OAc ) Fe ( OAc ) Fe ( OAc ) Co ( OAc ), Co ( OAc ) Ni ( OAc ) Cu ( OAc ) Zn ( OAc ) Ga ( OAc ) Ge As ( OAc ) Se BrAc Kr RbOAc Sr ( OAc ) Y ( OAc ) Zr ( OAc ) Nb Mo ( OAc ) Tc Ru ( OAc ) Ru ( OAc ) Ru ( OAc ) Rh ( OAc ) Pd ( OAc ) AgOAc Cd ( OAc ) In Sn ( OAc ) Sn ( OAc ) Sb ( OAc ) Te IAc Xe CsOAc Ba ( OAc ) Hf Ta Re Os Ir Pt ( OAc ) Au Hg ( OAc ), Hg ( OAc ) TlOAc Tl ( OAc ) Pb ( OAc ) Pb ( OAc ) Bi ( OAc ) Po At Rn Fr Ra Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt Ds Rg Cn Nh Fl Mc Lv Ts Og ↓ La ( OAc ) Ce ( OAc ) Pr Nd Pm Sm ( OAc ) Eu ( OAc ) Gd ( OAc ) Tb Dy ( OAc ) Ho ( OAc ) Er Tm Yb ( OAc ) Lu ( OAc ) Ac Th Pa UO ( OAc ) Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No Lr Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Acetate&oldid=809653414 '' Categories : Acetates Carboxylate anions Hidden categories : Articles without EBI source Articles without KEGG source Articles without UNII source Articles containing unverified chemical infoboxes Commons category with local link different than on Wikidata Talk Contents About Wikipedia Afrikaans Azərbaycanca تۆرکجه Беларуская Български Bosanski Català Čeština Dansk Deutsch Español فارسی Français Galego 한국어 Հայերեն Ido Bahasa Indonesia Italiano Қазақша Lietuvių Bahasa Melayu Nederlands 日本 語 Nordfriisk Norsk Norsk nynorsk Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча Polski Português Română Русский Simple English Српски / srpski Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски Suomi Svenska தமிழ் ไทย Türkçe Українська Tiếng Việt 中文 Edit links This page was last edited on 10 November 2017, at 15 : 05. 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Question: what is the name for the ch3coo- ion
Answer: hydrogen acetate (called acetic acid); hydrogen acetate (called acetic acid); polyatomic anion