Blood volume - wikipedia Blood volume Blood volume is the volume of blood ( both red blood cells and plasma ) in the circulatory system of any individual. Contents 1 Humans 1.1 Semi-automated system 2 Other animals 3 See also 4 References 5 External links Humans A typical adult has a blood volume of approximately 5 liters, with females generally having less blood volume than males. Blood volume is regulated by the kidneys. Blood volume ( BV ) can be calculated given the hematocrit ( HC ; the fraction of blood that is red blood cells ) and plasma volume ( PV ), with the hematocrit being regulated via the blood oxygen content regulator : B V = P V 1 − H C ( displaystyle BV = ( \frac ( PV ) ( 1 - HC ) ) ) Blood volume measurement may be used in people with congestive heart failure, chronic hypertension, renal failure and critical care. The use of relative blood volume changes during dialysis is of questionable utility. Total Blood Volume can be measured manually via the Dual Isotope or Dual Tracer Technique, a classic technique, available since the 1950s. This technique requires double labeling of the blood ; that is 2 injections and 2 standards ( 51Cr - RBC for tagging red blood cells and I - HAS for tagging plasma volume ) as well as withdrawing and re-infusing patients with their own blood for blood volume analysis results. This method may take up to 6 hours for accurate results. Semi-automated system Blood Volume may also be measured semi-automatically. The Daxor BVA - 100 consists of an automated well counter interfaced with a computer. It is able to report Total Blood Volume ( TBV ), Plasma Volume ( PV ) and Red Cell Volume ( RCV ) using the indicator dilution principle, microhematocrit centrifugation and the Ideal Height and Weight Method. The indicator or tracer, is an I - 131 albumin injection. An equal amount of the tracer is injected into a known and unknown volume. Clinically, the unknown volume is the patient 's blood volume, with the tracer having been injected into the patient 's blood stream and tagged to the blood plasma. Once the tracer is injected a technician takes five blood samples which undergo microhematocrit centrifugation to extrapolate true blood volume at time 0. The concentration of the I - 131 in the blood is determined from the blood radioactivity against the standard, which has a known I - 131 dilution in a known volume. The unknown volume is inversely proportional to the concentration of the indicator in the known volume ; the larger the unknown volume, the lower the tracer concentration, thus the unknown volume can be calculated. The microhematocrit data along with the I - 131 indicator data provide a normalized hematocrit number, more accurate than hematocrit or peripheral hematocrit measurements. Measurements are taken 5 times in 6 minute intervals so that the BVA - 100 can calculate the albumin transudation time to understand the flux of liquid through capillary membranes. Other animals Animal Blood volume ( ml / kg ) Cat 55 ( 47 - 66 ) Cow 55 ( 52 - 57 ) Dog 86 ( 79 - 90 ) Ferret 75 Gerbil 67 Goat 70 Guinea pig 75 ( 67 - 92 ) Hamster 78 Horse 76 Human 77 Monkey ( rhesus ) 54 Mouse 79 ( 78 - 80 ) Pig 65 Rabbit 56 ( 44 - 70 ) Rat 64 ( 50 - 70 ) Sheep 60 Marmoset 60 - 70 The table at right shows circulating blood volumes, given as volume per kilogram, for healthy adults and some animals. However, it can be 15 % less in obese and old animals. See also Volume status Hypovolemia Hypervolemia References Jump up ^ Lee, Lan Na ( 1998 ). `` Volume of Blood in a Human ''. The Physics Factbook. Archived from the original on 2012 - 11 - 01. Jump up ^ Dasselaar, JJ ; van der Sande, FM ; Franssen, CF ( 2012 ). `` Critical evaluation of blood volume measurements during hemodialysis ''. Blood purification. 33 ( 1 - 3 ) : 177 -- 82. doi : 10.1159 / 000334142. PMID 22269777. ^ Jump up to : Yu, Mihae ( 2011 ). `` A Prospective Randomized Trial Using Blood Volume Analysis in Addition to Pulmonary Artery Catheter, Compared with Pulmonary Catheter Alone, to Guide Shock Resuscitation in Critically Ill Surgical Patients ''. Shock. 35 ( 3 ) : 220 -- 228. doi : 10.1097 / shk. 0b013e3181fc9178. Jump up ^ Manzone, T.A. ; Dam, H.Q. ; Soltis, D. ; Sagar, V.V. ( 11 May 2007 ). `` Blood Volume Analysis : A New Technique and New Clinical Interest Reinvigorate a Classic Study ''. Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology. 35 ( 2 ) : 55 -- 63. doi : 10.2967 / jnmt. 106.035972. PMID 17496003. Jump up ^ Park, Junki ; Puri, Sonika ; Mattoo, Aditya ; Modersitzki, Frank ; Goldfarb, David ( 2012 ). `` Radioisotope Blood Volume Measurement in Hemodialysis Patients ''. American Society of Nephrology. ^ Jump up to : A Compendium of Drugs Used for Laboratory Animal Anesthesia, Analgesia, Tranquilization and Restraint Archived June 6, 2011, at the Wayback Machine. at Drexel University College of Medicine. Retrieved April 2011 Jump up ^ Reynolds, Monica ; Plasma and Blood Volume in the Cow Using the T - 1824 Hematocrit Method American Journal of Physiology - June 1953 vol. 173 no. 3 421 - 427 Jump up ^ Wolfensohn & Lloyd, 2003, Handbook of Laboratory Animal Management and Welfare, 3rd Edition External links Klabunde, Richard E. ( 25 April 2014 ). `` Blood Volume ''. Cardiovascular Physiology Concepts. Retrieved 4 July 2017. Physiology of the cardiovascular system Heart Cardiac output Cardiac cycle Cardiac output Heart rate Stroke volume Stroke volume End - diastolic volume End - systolic volume Afterload Preload Frank -- Starling law Cardiac function curve Venous return curve Wiggers diagram Pressure volume diagram Ultrasound Fractional shortening = ( End - diastolic dimension End - systolic dimension ) / End - diastolic dimension Aortic valve area calculation Ejection fraction Cardiac index Heart rate Cardiac pacemaker Chronotropic ( Heart rate ) Dromotropic ( Conduction velocity ) Inotropic ( Contractility ) Bathmotropic ( Excitability ) Lusitropic ( Relaxation ) Conduction Conduction system Cardiac electrophysiology Action potential cardiac atrial ventricular Effective refractory period Pacemaker potential Electrocardiography P wave PR interval QRS complex QT interval ST segment T wave U wave Hexaxial reference system Chamber pressure Central venous Right atrial ventricular pulmonary artery wedge Left atrial ventricular Aortic Other Ventricular remodeling Vascular system / Hemodynamics Blood flow Compliance Vascular resistance Pulse Perfusion Blood pressure Pulse pressure Systolic Diastolic Mean arterial pressure Jugular venous pressure Portal venous pressure Regulation of BP Baroreflex Kinin -- kallikrein system Renin -- angiotensin system Vasoconstrictors Vasodilators Autoregulation Myogenic mechanism Tubuloglomerular feedback Cerebral autoregulation Paraganglia Aortic body Carotid body Glomus cell Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Blood_volume&oldid=813741213 '' Categories : Blood Mathematics in medicine Hidden categories : Webarchive template wayback links Talk Contents About Wikipedia Català Deutsch Español Français Italiano Nederlands Português Українська Edit links This page was last edited on 5 December 2017, at 00 : 32. 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Question: what is the approximate volume of blood in your body
Answer: approximately 5 liters, with females generally having less blood volume than males; approximately 5 liters, with females generally having less blood volume than males; approximately 5 liters; approximately 5 liters; approximately 5 liters