Kepler - 90 - wikipedia Kepler - 90 Kepler - 90 Comparison of the Kepler - 90 MultiExoplanetary System with that of the Inner Solar System ( 14 December 2017 ). Observation data Epoch 2000 Equinox 2000 Constellation Draco Right ascension 18 57 44.038 Declination + 49 ° 18 ′ 18.58 '' Apparent magnitude ( V ) 14.0 Characteristics Spectral type G0 V Astrometry Distance 2545 ly ( 780 pc ) Absolute magnitude ( M ) ca 4.3 Details Mass 1.2 ± 0.1 M Radius 1.2 ± 0.1 R Surface gravity ( log g ) 4.4 cgs Temperature 7003608000000000000 ♠ 6080 + 260 − 170 K Metallicity ( Fe / H ) − 0.12 ± 0.18 dex Rotational velocity ( v sin i ) 4.6 ± 2.1 km / s Age ~ 2 Gyr Other designations KIC 11442793, KOI - 351 Database references SIMBAD data Extrasolar Planets Encyclopaedia data KIC data Kepler - 90 is a G - type main sequence star located about 2,545 light - years ( 780 pc ) from Earth in the constellation of Draco. It is notable for having a planetary system that has an equal number of observed planets to the Solar System. On 14 December 2017, NASA and Google announced the discovery of an eighth planet, Kepler - 90i, in the Kepler - 90 system : the discovery was made using a new machine learning method developed by Google. Contents 1 Nomenclature and history 2 Stellar characteristics 3 Planetary system 3.1 Near resonances 4 See also 5 References 6 External link Nomenclature and history Prior to Kepler observation, Kepler - 90 had the 2MASS catalogue number 2MASS J18574403 + 4918185. It has the designation of KIC 11442793 in the Kepler Input Catalog, and given the Kepler object of interest number of KOI - 351 when it was found to have a transiting planet candidate. The star 's planetary companion was discovered by NASA 's Kepler Mission, a mission tasked with discovering planets in transit around their stars. The transit method that Kepler uses involves detecting dips in brightness in stars. These dips in brightness can be interpreted as planets whose orbits move in front of their stars from the perspective of Earth. The name Kepler - 90 derives directly from the fact that the star is the catalogued 90th star discovered by Kepler to have confirmed planets. The designation b, c, d, e, f, g, h, and i derives from the order of discovery. The designation of b is given to the first planet orbiting a given star, followed by the other lowercase letters of the alphabet. In the case of Kepler - 90, there are eight planets discovered, so designations up to i are used. Stellar characteristics Kepler - 90 is a G - type star that is approximately 120 % the mass and radius of the Sun. It has a surface temperature of 6080 K, and an estimated age of around 2 billion years. In comparison, the Sun is about 4.6 billion years old and has a surface temperature of 5778 K. The star 's apparent magnitude, or how bright it appears from Earth 's perspective, is 14. Therefore, it is too dim to be seen with the naked eye. Planetary system Kepler - 90 is notable for similarity of the configuration of its planetary system to that of the Solar System, in which rocky planets are nearer the star and gas giants farther away. The six inner planets are either super-Earths or mini-Neptunes due to their size. Two of the outer planets are gas giants. The penultimate known planet orbits its host star at about the same distance as Earth from the Sun. The outermost planet has yet to be fully researched Kepler - 90 was used to test the `` validation by multiplicity '' confirmation method for Kepler planets. Six inner planets met all the requirements for confirmation. The penultimate planet showed transit - timing variations, indicating that it is a real planet as well. The Kepler - 90 system is the only eight - planet candidate system from Kepler, and the second to be discovered after the Solar System. It was also the only seven - planet candidate system from Kepler before the eighth was discovered in 2017, and one of two total seven - planet systems, along with TRAPPIST - 1. Additionally, the inner six planets range in size from that of Earth to smaller than Neptune, and the outer two planets are the size of gas giants. All of the eight known planet candidates orbit within 1 AU from Kepler - 90. A Hill stability test and an orbital integration of the system show that it is stable. The Kepler - 90 planetary system Companion ( in order from star ) Mass Semimajor axis ( AU ) Orbital period ( days ) Eccentricity Inclination Radius -- 0.074 ± 0.016 7.008151 -- 89.4 ° 1.31 R -- 0.089 ± 0.012 8.719375 -- 89.68 ° 1.18 R i -- -- 14.44912 -- 89.2 ° 1.32 R d -- 0.32 ± 0.05 59.73667 -- 89.71 ° 2.88 R. -- 0.42 ± 0.06 91.93913 -- 89.79 ° 2.67 R f -- 0.48 ± 0.09 124.9144 0.01 89.77 ° 2.89 R g < 0.8 M 0.71 ± 0.08 210.60697 -- 89.8 ° 8.13 R h < 1.2 M 1.01 ± 0.11 331.60059 -- 89.6 ° 11.32 R Kepler - 90 ExoPlanetary System compared to the Solar System Near resonances Kepler - 90 's eight known planets all have periods that are close to being in integer ratio relationships with other planets ' periods ; that is, they are close to being in orbital resonance. The period ratios b : c, c : i and i : d are close to 4 : 5, 3 : 5 and 1 : 4, respectively ( 4 : 4.977, 3 : 4.97 and 1 : 4.13 ) and d, e, f, g and h are close to a 2 : 3 : 4 : 7 : 11 period ratio ( 2 : 3.078 : 4.182 : 7.051 : 11.102 ; also 7 : 11.021 ). f, g and h are also close to a 3 : 5 : 8 period ratio ( 3 : 5.058 : 7.964 ). Relevant to systems like this and that of Kepler - 36, calculations suggest that the presence of an outer gas giant planet facilitates the formation of closely packed resonances among inner super-Earths. See also HD 10180 A star with at least seven known planets. TRAPPIST - 1 A star with seven known planets. References ^ Jump up to : Cutri, R.M. ; et al. ( 2003 ). `` 2MASS All - Sky Catalog of Point Sources ''. VizieR On - line Data Catalog. Bibcode : 2003yCat. 2246... 0C. Jump up ^ `` Planet Kepler - 90 b ''. Extrasolar Planets Encyclopaedia. Retrieved 26 April 2018. ^ Jump up to : `` Kepler - 90 ''. NASA Exoplanet Archive. Retrieved July 16, 2016. ^ Jump up to : Shallue, Christopher J. ; Vanderburg, Andrew ( 16 December 2017 ). `` Identifying Exoplanets With Deep Learning : A Five Planet Resonant Chain Around Kepler - 80 And An Eighth Planet Around Kepler - 90 '' ( PDF preprint ). Retrieved 14 December 2017 -- via Harvard -- Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics. Jump up ^ Chou, Felecia ; Hawkes, Alison ; Northon, Karen ( 14 December 2017 ). `` Release 17 - 098 - Artificial Intelligence, NASA Data Used to Discover Eighth Planet Circling Distant Star ''. NASA. Retrieved 14 December 2017. Jump up ^ Chou, Felicia ; Hawkes, Alison ; Landau, Elizabeth ( 14 December 2017 ). `` Artificial Intelligence, NASA Data Used to Discover Eighth Planet Circling Distant Star ''. NASA. Retrieved 15 December 2017. Jump up ^ Hessman, F.V. ; Dhillon, V.S. ; Winget, D.E. ; Schreiber, M.R. ; Horne, K. ; Marsh, T.R. ; Guenther, E. ; Schwope, A. ; Heber, U. ( 2010 ). `` On the naming convention used for multiple star systems and extrasolar planets ''. arXiv : 1012.0707 ( astro-ph.SR ). Jump up ^ Fraser Cain ( 16 September 2008 ). `` How Old is the Sun ? ''. Universe Today. Retrieved 19 February 2011. Jump up ^ Fraser Cain ( 15 September 2008 ). `` Temperature of the Sun ''. Universe Today. Retrieved 19 February 2011. ^ Jump up to : Lissauer, Jack J. ; Marcy, Geoffrey W. ; Bryson, Stephen T. ; Rowe, Jason F. ; Jontof - Hutter, Daniel ; Agol, Eric ; Borucki, William J. ; Carter, Joshua A. ; Ford, Eric B. ; Gilliland, Ronald L. ; Kolbl, Rea ; Star, Kimberly M. ; Steffen, Jason H. ; Torres, Guillermo ( 25 February 2014 ). `` Validation of Kepler 's Multiple Planet Candidates. II : Refined Statistical Framework and Descriptions of Systems of Special Interest ''. The Astrophysical Journal. 784 : 44. arXiv : 1402.6352. Bibcode : 2014ApJ... 784... 44L. doi : 10.1088 / 0004 - 637X / 784 / 1 / 44. Jump up ^ Schmitt, J.R. ; Wang, J. ; Fischer, D.A. ; Jek, K.J. ; Moriarty, J.C. ; Boyajian, T.S. ; Schwamb, M.E. ; Lintott, C. ; Lynn, S. ; Smith, A.M. ; Parrish, M. ; Schawinski, K. ; Simpson, R. ; LaCourse, D. ; Omohundro, M.R. ; Winarski, T. ; Goodman, S.J. ; Jebson, T. ; Schwengeler, H.M. ; Paterson, D.A. ; Sejpka, J. ; Terentev, I. ; Jacobs, T. ; Alsaadi, N. ; Bailey, R.C. ; Ginman, T. ; Granado, P. ; Guttormsen, K.V. ; Mallia, F. ; Papillon, A.L. ; Rossi, F. ; Socolovsky, M. ; Stiak, L. ( 2014 - 06 - 26 ). `` Planet Hunters. VI. An Independent Characterization of KOI - 351 and Several Long Period Planet Candidates From the Kepler Archival Data ''. The Astronomical Journal. 148 ( 28 ). arXiv : 1310.5912 v3. Bibcode : 2014AJ... 148... 28S. doi : 10.1088 / 0004 - 6256 / 148 / 2 / 28. Jump up ^ `` Kepler - 90 ''. Open Exoplanet Catalog. MIT. Retrieved 11 May 2018. Jump up ^ `` New Worlds Atlas ''. Exoplanets.nasa.gov. NASA. Retrieved 11 May 2018. Jump up ^ Cabrera, J. ; Csizmadia, Sz. ; Lehmann, H. ; Dvorak, R. ; Gandolfi, D. ; Rauer, H. ; Erikson, A. ; Dreyer, C. ; Eigmüller, Ph. ; Hatzes, A. ( 2013 - 12 - 31 ). `` The Planetary System to KIC 11442793 : A Compact Analogue to the Solar System ''. The Astrophysical Journal. 781 ( 1 ) : 18. arXiv : 1310.6248 v2. Bibcode : 2014ApJ... 781... 18C. doi : 10.1088 / 0004 - 637X / 781 / 1 / 18. Jump up ^ Hands, T.O. ; Alexander, R.D. ( 2016 - 01 - 13 ). `` There might be giants : unseen Jupiter - mass planets as sculptors of tightly packed planetary systems ''. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 456 ( 4 ) : 4121 -- 4127. arXiv : 1512.02649. Bibcode : 2016MNRAS. 456.4121 H. doi : 10.1093 / mnras / stv2897. External link NASA Astronomy Picture of the Day : The Kepler 90 Planetary System ( December 18, 2017 ) Stars of Draco Bayer α ( Thuban ) β ( Rastaban ) γ ( Eltanin ) δ ( Altais ) ε ( Tyl ) ζ ( Aldhibah ) η ( Athebyne ) θ ι ( Edasich ) κ λ ( Giausar ) μ ( Alrakis ) ν ( Kuma ) ξ ( Grumium ) ο π ρ σ ( Alsafi ) τ υ φ χ ψ ( Dziban ) ψ ω Flamsteed 6 7 ( Tianyi ) 8 ( Taiyi ) 9 10 ( i ) 15 ( A ) 16 17 18 ( g ) 19 ( h ) 20 26 27 ( f ) 29 30 35 36 37 38 39 ( b ) 40 41 42 ( Fafnir ) 45 ( d ) 46 ( c ) 48 49 50 51 53 54 55 59 64 ( e ) 65 66 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 Variable Z RR RW RY RZ SU SW TW TX TZ UX UZ VW WW XZ AB AC AG AI AT BH BK BS BT BV BW BY CL CM CN CR CX DE DK DL DO DQ EE EF EK EP ER EX EY FU IU LV HR 3719 3751 3774 3806 3843 3847 4121 4126 4272 4627 4659 4687 4727 4740 4927 4934 5018 5162 5227 5282 5436 5442 5451 5552 5606 5731 5737 5748 5755 5759 5768 5785 5811 5818 5828 5841 5878 5886 5887 5922 5949 5981 5995 6025 6036 6038 6069 6101 6126 6130 6150 6170 6180 6198 6199 6237 6226 6330 6335 6345 6348 6360 6383 6395 6421 6479 6511 6514 6518 6540 6560 6598 6606 6607 6618 6699 6717 6735 6790 6817 6827 6880 6886 6891 6911 6949 6983 7006 7013 7018 7025 7028 7042 7060 7071 7075 7082 7096 7117 7123 7137 7153 7154 7160 7184 7187 7191 7196 7199 7229 7252 7356 7413 7423 7425 7448 7450 7500 7545 7654 7666 7695 7704 7783 7805 7868 7930 8016 HD 81817 100858 109246 101364 112826 149198 156279 158259 163607 175305 184467 185394 Gliese Gliese 420 Gliese 487 Gliese 625 Gliese 687 Gliese 793 GJ 1227 GJ 4053 Kepler 10 12 52 90 101 296 407 408 Other G 240 - 72 GD 356 GRW + 70 8247 GSC 03905 - 01870 HAT - P - 37 LP 71 - 82 2M 1237 + 6526 PSR B1508 + 55 SSSPM J1138 - 7722 Struve 2398 WASP - 51 WD 1647 + 591 WD 1821 + 643 WISE 1647 + 5632 List Astronomy portal Space portal Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kepler-90&oldid=840648174 '' Categories : Planetary transit variables Kepler Objects of Interest Planetary systems with eight confirmed planets Draco ( constellation ) G - type main - sequence stars Talk Contents About Wikipedia Afrikaans Català Deutsch Ελληνικά Español Français Bahasa Indonesia Italiano Lëtzebuergesch Nederlands 日本 語 Polski Português Русский Suomi Svenska தமிழ் Tiếng Việt 中文 10 more Edit links This page was last edited on 11 May 2018, at 06 : 50. 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Question: what is the name of the eighth planet discovered by nasa circling kepler- 90
Answer: Kepler-90i