Fiji during the time of Cakobau - wikipedia Fiji during the time of Cakobau This article does not cite any sources. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. ( January 2009 ) Part of a series on the History of Fiji Early history Discovery of Fiji The rise and fall of Cakobau Colonial Fiji Modern history Dominion of Fiji Constitutional crisis of 1977 Coups of 1987 Military -- church relations Coup of 2000 Timeline Mutinies Aftermath Mara deposed Iloilo plot Investigations Trials Court Martial Military unrest Proposed Reconciliation Commission Supporters Opponents Qualified positions Military opposition Religious reaction International reaction Crisis of 2005 -- 06 Timeline Reaction Unrest in 2006 Coup of 2006 Constitutional crisis of 2009 The first three - quarters of the 19th century were marked by tribal warfare, incursions from neighbouring Tonga, and the increasing encroachment of foreign powers. This period also saw the rise of a warlord by the name of Seru Epenisa Cakobau, who forged the first nation - state covering all of modern Fiji ( except the island of Rotuma ) in 1871, before ceding it to the United Kingdom in 1874. Contents 1 Tribal warfare and Tongan intrusions 2 Trouble with the United States 3 The Kingdom of Fiji 4 Cession to the United Kingdom 5 See also 6 References Tribal warfare and Tongan intrusions Levuka, 1842 Fiji 1842 In the early 1820s, Levuka was established as the first modern town in Fiji, on the island of Ovalau. The intervention of European traders and missionaries, of whom the first arrived from Tahiti in 1830, led to increasingly serious wars among the native Fijian confederacies. Supplied with weapons by Swedish mercenary Charlie Savage, Ratu Tanoa Visawaqa, the Vunivalu ( a chiefly title meaning Warlord, often translated also as Paramount Chief ) of Bau Island, defeated the much larger Burebasaga Confederacy and succeeded in subduing much of western Fiji. His successor, Seru Epenisa Cakobau, fought to consolidate Bauan domination throughout the 1850s and 1860s, and started calling himself the Tui Viti, or King of Fiji. He faced opposition, however, from local chiefs who saw him at best as first among equals, and also from the Tongan Prince Enele Ma'afu, who had established himself on the Island of Lakeba in the Lau archipelago in 1848. A Christian, Ma'afu brought Wesleyan missionaries from Tonga, and the Methodist Church gained its first foothold in Fiji. Most chiefs in the west regarded the Wesleyan missionaries, aligned as they were seen to be with Ma'afu, as a threat to their power, refused conversion, and resisted missionary attempts to set up outposts in their villages. Trouble with the United States Cakobau 's claimed position was also undermined by international developments. The United States threatened intervention following a number of incidents involving their consul, John Brown Williams. His trading store had been looted by Fijian natives following an accidental fire, caused by stray cannon fire during a Fourth of July celebration in 1849. When his Nukulau Island house was subjected to an arson attack in 1855, the commander of the United States naval frigate USS John Adams demanded compensation amounting to US $5000 for Williams from Cakobau, as the Tui Viti. This initial claim was supplemented by further claims totalling US $38,531. Cakobau was faced with a dilemma. To disclaim responsibility for the debt, he would have to deny his self - proclaimed and still far - from - universally accepted sovereignty. To admit responsibility, he would have to undertake to pay the debt, or else face punishment from the United States Navy. He chose the latter course, hoping that the United States was only bluffing. Reality began to catch up with Cakobau in 1858, when the USS Vandalia sailed into Levuka. Unable to pay his debt, and faced with increasing encroachments onto Viti Levu 's south coast from Ma'afu, Cakobau approached the British consul with an offer to cede the islands to the United Kingdom, if only they would assume responsibility for his debt in return for 5,000 square kilometres of land. His insistence, however, on being allowed to retain his questionable title of Tui Viti proved unacceptable to the British government, which turned his offer down after four years of consideration in 1862. This followed a report from Colonel W.J. Smythe, who had come to the conclusion, after interviewing every Paramount Chief in Fiji, that Cakobau 's title was self - assumed and by no means universally accepted by his fellow chiefs, and that he did not have the authority to cede the islands. The Kingdom of Fiji Main article : Kingdom of Fiji Cakobau next turned to the Australian - based Polynesia Company. The rising price of cotton in the wake of the American Civil War ( 1861 -- 1865 ) had interested the Polynesia Company in acquiring land in Fiji for planting. In return for 5,000 km2, the company agreed to pay Cakobau 's debt. Australian settlers landed on 575 km ( 222 sq mi ) of land in Viti Levu, near what was then a Fijian village called Suva, in 1868. The Polynesia Company settlers were joined by a further several thousand planters throughout the 1860s and 1870s. Often fraudulently, they obtained Fijian land, often in exchange for weapons or alcohol. Competing land claims followed, with no unified government to settle the disputes. Frustrations peaked following the collapse of cotton prices and the destruction of the crop by hurricanes in 1870. In June 1871, John Bates Thurston, the British honorary consul, forged a `` marriage of convenience '' between Cakobau and the settlers, and persuaded the Fijian chiefs to accept a constitutional monarchy with Cakobau as king, but with real power in the hands of a cabinet and Legislature dominated by settlers. The Legislative Assembly met for the first time in Levuka in November 1871. Cession to the United Kingdom Further information : Colony of Fiji The new arrangements proved no more workable than the old. Within months, government overspending had led to the accumulation of another unmanageable debt. In 1872, following continuing economic and social unrest, Thurston approached the British government, at Cakobau 's request, with another offer to cede the islands. The British were much more sympathetic to annexing Fiji this time than they had been almost two decades earlier. The murder of Bishop John Coleridge Patteson of the Melanesian Mission at Nukapu in the Reef Islands had provoked public outrage, which was compounded by the massacre by crew members of more than 150 Fijians on board the brig Carl. Two British commissioners were sent to Fiji to investigate the possibility of an annexation. The question was complicated by manoeuvrings for power between Cakobau and his old rival, Ma'afu, with both men vacillating for many months. On 21 March 1874, Cakobau made a final offer, which the British accepted. On 23 September, Sir Hercules Robinson, soon to be appointed the British Governor of Fiji, arrived on HMS Dido and received Cakobau with a royal 21 - gun salute. After some vacillation, Cakobau agreed to renounce his Tui Viti title. The formal cession took place on 10 October 1874, when Cakobau, Ma'afu, and some of the senior Chiefs of Fiji signed two copies of the Deed of Cession. Thus the Colony of Fiji was founded ; 96 years of British rule followed. See also 19th century in Fiji Monarchy in Fiji References hide Fiji articles History Heads of State Cakobau period Colonial period Modern history 1977 crisis 1987 coups Military -- church relations 2000 coup Reconciliation Commission 2005 -- 2006 crisis 2006 coup 2009 crisis Geography Archipelagoes Cities and towns Earthquakes Provinces Rivers Rotuma Volcanoes Wildlife Politics Attorney - General Chiefly system Burebasaga Kubuna Tovata 1997 Constitution 2013 Constitution Cabinet Elections electoral system Foreign relations Ministry of Foreign Affairs Minister for Foreign Affairs Great Council of Chiefs Human rights LGBT LGBT history Judiciary High Court Court of Appeal Supreme Court Law enforcement Local government Military Monarchy Parliament Senate House of Representatives Political parties President Vice-President Prime Minister Proposed charter Economy Central bank Companies Fijian dollar ( currency ) Stock exchange Telecommunications Transport airports Society Demographics Education Fijian people Indo - Fijians Languages Religion Christianity Hinduism Islam Rotuman people Culture Anthem Cinema Coat of arms Festivals Flag Meke ( dance ) Literature Music Mythology Notable people Sports Traditions and ceremonies Outline Index Portal Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fiji_during_the_time_of_Cakobau&oldid=812000961 '' Categories : Monarchy in Fiji 19th century in Fiji Colony of Fiji History of Fiji Kings of Fiji Former monarchies of Oceania 19th - century Oceanian people Former countries in Oceania Hidden categories : EngvarB from November 2017 Use dmy dates from November 2017 Articles lacking sources from January 2009 All articles lacking sources Talk Contents About Wikipedia Languages Add links This page was last edited on 25 November 2017, at 09 : 20. 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Question: why was the deed of cession important to fijis history
Answer: 96 years of British rule