Government of India - Wikipedia Government of India Government of the Republic of India Emblem of India Founding document Constitution of India Jurisdiction Republic of India Website india.gov.in Executive branch Leader President of India Appointer Electoral College of India Main organ Cabinet Judicial branch Court Supreme Court of India Republic of India This article is part of a series on the politics and government of India Union Government Constitution of India Fundamental rights Executive : President Vice President Prime Minister Union Council of Ministers Cabinet Secretary Secretaries ( Defence Finance Foreign Home ) Civil services All India Services ( IAS IFS / IFoS IPS ) Parliament : Rajya Sabha ( Chairman ) Lok Sabha ( Speaker ) Judiciary : Supreme Court of India ( Chief Justice ) High courts District Courts Elections Election Commission : Chief Election Commissioner ( Election commissioners ) Next general election State assembly elections Political parties National parties State parties National coalitions : National Democratic Alliance ( NDA ) United Progressive Alliance ( NDA ) Federalism State governments Governor Chief minister Chief secretary ( Principal secretaries ) Legislatures : Vidhan Sabha Vidhan Parishad Local governments : Divisional commissioners District magistrates Sub-divisional magistrates Rural bodies : District councils Block panchayats Gram Panchayats Urban bodies : Municipal corporations Municipal councils Nagar panchayats Other countries Atlas The Government of India ( GoI ) is the union government created by the constitution of India as the legislative, executive and judicial authority of the union of 29 states and seven union territories of a constitutionally democratic republic. It is located in New Delhi, the capital of India. Contents 1 Basic structure 2 Legislative branch 3 Executive branch 3.1 President 3.2 Vice-President 3.3 Prime Minister 3.4 Cabinet, executive departments and agencies 3.5 Civil service 3.5. 1 Cabinet Secretariat 4 Judicial branch 4.1 Supreme Court 5 Elections and voting 6 State and local governments 7 Finance 7.1 Taxation 7.2 General budget 8 Issues 8.1 Corruption 9 See also 10 References 11 Further reading 12 External links Basic structure Modelled after the Westminster system for governing the state, the union government is mainly composed of the executive, legislative, and judicial branches, in which all powers are vested by the Constitution in Parliament, the Prime Minister and the Supreme Court. The President of India is the Head of State and the Supreme Commander of the Indian Armed Forces while the elected Prime Minister acts as the chief executive ( of the executive branch ) and is responsible for running the union government. There is a bicameral Parliament with the Lok Sabha as a lower house and the Rajya Sabha as an upper house. The judicial branch systematically contains an apex Supreme Court, 24 high courts, and several district courts, all inferior to the Supreme Court. The basic civil and criminal laws governing the citizens of India are set down in major parliamentary legislation, such as the Civil Procedure Code, the Indian Penal Code, and the Criminal Procedure Code. Similar to the union government, individual state governments each consist of executive, legislative and judicial branches. The legal system as applicable to the union and individual state governments is based on the English Common and Statutory Law. The full name of the country is the Republic of India. India and Bharat are equally official short names for the Republic of India in the Constitution, and both names appears on legal banknotes, in treaties and in legal cases. The Union Government, Central Government or Government of India ( Bharat Sarkar ) are often used in an official and unofficial capacity to refer to the Government of India. Because the seat of government is in New Delhi, `` New Delhi '' is commonly used as a synonym for the Central Government. Legislative branch Parliament of India building The powers of the legislative branch in India are exercised by Parliament, bicameral legislature consisting of the Rajya Sabha and the Lok Sabha. Of the two houses of Parliament, the former is considered to be the upper house or the Council of States and consists of members appointed by the President and elected by the state and territorial legislatures. The latter is considered the lower house or the House of the people. Parliament does not have complete control and sovereignty, as its laws are subject to judicial review by the Supreme Court of India. However, it does exercise some control over the executive branch. The members of the cabinet, including the prime minister and the Council of Ministers, are either chosen from parliament or elected thereto within six months of assuming office. The cabinet as a whole is responsible to the Lok Sabha. The Lok Sabha is a temporary house and can only be dissolved when the party in power loses the support of the majority of the house. Whereas the Rajya Sabha is a permanent house which can never be dissolved. The members of the Rajya Sabha who are elected for a six - year term. Executive branch The executive branch of government is the one that has sole authority and responsibility for the daily administration of the state bureaucracy. The division of power into separate branches of government is central to the republican idea of the separation of powers. President Main article : President of India The executive power is vested mainly in the President of India, as per Article 53 ( 1 ) of the constitution. The President has all constitutional powers and exercises them directly or through officers subordinate to him as per the aforesaid Article 53 ( 1 ). The President is to act in accordance with aid and advice tendered by the Prime Minister, who leads the Council of Ministers as described in Article 74 of the Constitution of India. The Council of Ministers remains in power during the ' pleasure ' of the President. However, in practice, the Council of Ministers must retain the support of the Lok Sabha. If a President were to dismiss the Council of Ministers on his or her own initiative, it might trigger a constitutional crisis. Thus, in practice, the Council of Ministers can not be dismissed as long as it holds the support of a majority in the Lok Sabha. The President is responsible for appointing many high officials in India. These high officials include the Governors of the 29 States, the Chief Justice, other judges of the Supreme Court and High Courts of India on the advice of other judges, the Attorney General, Controller and Auditor General the Chief Election Commissioner and other Election Commissioners, the Chairman and other Members of the Union Public Service Commission, the President 's Officer, the Cabinet Secretary and the Ambassadors and High Commissioners to other countries on the recommendations of the cabinet The President, as Head of State also receives the credentials of Ambassadors from other countries, whilst the Prime Minister, as Head of Government, receives credentials of High Commissioners from other members of the Commonwealth, in line with historical tradition. The President is the de jure Commander in Chief of the Indian Armed Forces. The President of India can grant a pardon to or reduce the sentence of a convicted person for one time, particularly in cases involving punishment of death. The decisions involving pardoning and other rights by the President are independent of the opinion of the Prime Minister or the Lok Sabha majority. In most other cases, however, the President exercises his or her executive powers on the advice of the Prime Minister. Vice-President Main article : Vice President of India The Vice-President is the second highest constitutional position in India after the President. The Vice-President represents the nation in the absence of the President and takes charge as acting president in the incident of resignation impeachment or removal of the President. The Vice-President also has the legislative function of acting as the Chairman of the Rajya Sabha. The Vice-President is elected indirectly by members of an electoral college consisting of the members of both Houses of Parliament in accordance with the system of Proportional Representation by means of the Single transferable vote and the voting is by secret ballot conducted by election commission. Prime Minister Main article : Prime Minister of India The Rashtrapati Bhawan complex, with North and South Block housing the Prime Minister 's Office, Cabinet Secretariat, Ministry of Defence, and others The Prime Minister of India, as addressed in the Constitution of India, is the chief of the government, chief adviser to the President of India, head of the Council of Ministers and the leader of the majority party in the parliament. The prime minister leads the executive branch of the Government of India. The Prime minister is the senior member of cabinet in the executive branch of government in a parliamentary system. The prime minister selects and can dismiss other members of the cabinet ; allocates posts to members within the Government ; is the presiding member and chairman of the cabinet and is responsible for bringing a proposal of legislation. The resignation or death of the prime minister dissolves the cabinet. The Prime minister is appointed by the president to assist the latter in the administration of the affairs of the executive. Cabinet, executive Departments and agencies Main articles : Union Council of Ministers and List of Indian government agencies The Cabinet of India includes the Prime Minister and his Cabinet Ministers. Each Minister must be a member of one of the houses of India 's Parliament. The Cabinet is headed by the Prime Minister, and is advised by the Cabinet Secretary, who also acts as the head of the Indian Administrative Service. Other Ministers are either as Union Cabinet Ministers, who are heads of the various Ministries ; Ministers of State, who are junior members who report directly to one of the Cabinet Ministers, often overseeing a specific aspect of government ; or Junior Ministers of State ( Independent Charges ), which do not report to a Cabinet Minister. As per article 88 of the constitution, every Minister shall have the right to speak in, and to take part in the proceedings of, either House, any joint sitting of the Houses, and any committee of Parliament of which he may be named a member, but shall not be entitled to a vote in the house where he is not a member. Civil service Main article : Civil Services of India The Civil Services of India is the civil service and the permanent bureaucracy of the Republic of India. The executive decisions are implemented by the Indian civil servants. In the parliamentary democracy of India, the ultimate responsibility for running the administration rests with the elected representatives of the people which are the ministers. These ministers are accountable to the legislatures which are also elected by the people on the basis of universal adult suffrage. The ministers are indirectly responsible to the people themselves. But the handful of ministers are not expected to deal personally with the various problems of modern administration. Thus the ministers lay down the policy and it is for the civil servants to enforce it. Cabinet Secretariat The Cabinet Secretariat is the staff agency of the Cabinet. It is operated under the leadership of the Prime Minister of India. The administration of the Cabinet Secretariat is carried out by the Cabinet Secretary of India who is the senior most civil servant in India. The Cabinet Secretariat is responsible for the administration of the Government of India by facilitating smooth transaction of business in Ministries of the Government. The Secretariat assists in decision - making in Government by ensuring Inter-Ministerial co-ordination, ironing out differences among Ministries and evolving consensus through the instrumentality of the standing or ad - hoc Committees of Secretaries. Management of major crisis situations in the country is also one of the functions of the Cabinet Secretariat The Cabinet Secretariat ensures that the President of India, the Vice-President and ministers are kept informed of the major activities of all Departments by means of a monthly summary report of their activities. Judicial branch The Supreme Court of India India 's independent union judicial system began under the British, and its concepts and procedures resemble those of Anglo - Saxon countries. The Supreme Court of India consists of a Chief Justice and 30 associate justices, all appointed by the President on the advice of the Chief Justice of India. The jury trials were abolished in India in the early 1960s, after the famous case KM Nanavati v State of Maharashtra, for reasons of being vulnerable to media and public pressure, as well as to being misled. Unlike its United States counterpart, the Indian justice system consists of a unitary system at both state and union level. The judiciary consists of the Supreme Court of India, High Courts of India at the state level, and District Courts and Sessions Courts at the district level. Supreme Court Main article : Supreme Court of India The Supreme Court of India is situated in New Delhi, the capital region of India. The Supreme Court of India has the power original, appellate and advisory jurisdiction. Its exclusive original jurisdiction extends to any dispute between the Government of India and one or more states, or between the Government of India and any state or states on one side and one or more states on the other, or between two or more states, if and insofar as the dispute involves any question ( whether of law or of fact ) on which the existence or extent of a legal right depends on. In addition, Article 32 of the Indian Constitution gives an extensive original jurisdiction to the Supreme Court in regard to enforcing fundamental rights. It is empowered to issue directions, orders or writs, including writs in the nature of habeas corpus, mandamus, prohibition, quo warranto and certiorari to enforce them. The Supreme Court has been conferred with power to direct transfer of any civil or criminal case from one State High Court to another State High Court, or from a court subordinate to another State High Court and the Supreme Court. Although the proceedings in the Supreme Court arise out of the judgment or orders made by the subordinate courts, of late the Supreme Court has started entertaining matters in which interest of the public at large is involved. This may be done by any individual or group of persons either by filing a Writ Petition at the Filing Counter of the Court, or by addressing a letter to Hon'ble The Chief Justice of India highlighting the question of public importance for redress. These are known as Public Interest Litigation. Elections and voting Main articles : Elections in India and Politics of India India has a Quasi federal form of government, called `` union '' or `` central '' government, with elected officials at the union, state and local levels. On a national level, the head of government, the Prime Minister, is appointed by the President of India amongst the party which won the majority seats in Lok Sabha. The members of the Lok Sabha are directly elected for a term of five years by universal adult suffrage through first - past - the - post voting system. All ( except 12 members who are nominated by the President ) of the Rajya Sabha, which represents the States, are elected by the members of State legislative assemblies by proportional representation. India is currently the largest democracy in the world, with around 834 million eligible voters, as of 2014. State and local governments Main articles : State governments of India, Local government § India, and Union territory State governments in India are the governments ruling States of India and the chief minister heads the state government. Power is divided between union government and state governments. State government 's legislature is bicameral in 7 states and unicameral in the rest. Lower house is elected with 5 years term, while in upper house 1 / 3 of the total members in the house gets elected every 2 years with 6 - year term. Local government function at the basic level. It is the third level of government apart from union and state governments. It consists of panchayats in rural areas and municipalities in urban areas. They are elected directly or indirectly by the people. Finance See Reserve Bank of India Taxation Main article : Taxation in India Reserve Bank of India 's headquarters in Mumbai, India 's financial capital India has a three - tier tax structure, wherein the constitution empowers the union government to levy income tax, tax on capital transactions ( wealth tax, inheritance tax ), sales tax, service tax, customs and excise duties and the state governments to levy sales tax on intrastate sale of goods, tax on entertainment and professions, excise duties on manufacture of alcohol, stamp duties on transfer of property and collect land revenue ( levy on land owned ). The local governments are empowered by the state government to levy property tax and charge users for public utilities like water supply, sewage etc. More than half of the revenues of the union and state governments come from taxes, of which 3 / 4 come from direct taxes. More than a quarter of the union government 's tax revenues is shared with the state governments. The tax reforms, initiated in 1991, have sought to rationalise the tax structure and increase compliance by taking steps in the following directions : Reducing the rates of individual and corporate income taxes, excises, customs and making it more progressive Reducing exemptions and concessions Simplification of laws and procedures Introduction of permanent account number ( PAN ) to track monetary transactions 21 of the 29 states introduced value added tax ( VAT ) on 1 April 2005 to replace the complex and multiple sales tax system The non-tax revenues of the central government come from fiscal services, interest receipts, public sector dividends, etc., while the non-tax revenues of the States are grants from the central government, interest receipts, dividends and income from general, economic and social services. Inter-state share in the union tax pool is decided by the recommendations of the Finance Commission to the President. Total tax receipts of Centre and State amount to approximately 18 % of national GDP. This compares to a figure of 37 -- 45 % in the OECD. General budget The Finance minister of India usually presents the annual union budget in the Parliament on the last working day of February. However, for the F.Y. 2017 - 18, this tradition had been changed. Now budget will be presented on the 1st day of February. The budget has to be passed by the Lok Sabha before it can come into effect on 1 April, the start of India 's fiscal year. The Union budget is preceded by an economic survey which outlines the broad direction of the budget and the economic performance of the country for the outgoing financial year India 's non-development revenue expenditure had increased nearly five-fold in 2003 -- 04 since 1990 -- 91 and more than tenfold since 1985 -- 1986. Interest payments are the single largest item of expenditure and accounted for more than 40 % of the total non-development expenditure in the 2003 -- 04 budget. Defense expenditure increased fourfold during the same period and has been increasing because of India 's desire to project its military prowess beyond South Asia. In 2007, India 's defence spending stood at US $26.5 billion. Issues Corruption Main article : Corruption in India Several ministers are accused of corruption and nearly a quarter of the 543 elected members of parliament had been charged with crimes, including murder, in 2009. Many of the biggest scandals since 2010 have involved high level government officials, including Cabinet Ministers and Chief Ministers, such as the 2010 Commonwealth Games scam ( ₹ 70,000 crore ( US $11 billion ) ), the Adarsh Housing Society scam, the Coal Mining Scam ( ₹ 1.86 lakh crore ( US $29 billion ) ), the Mining Scandal in Karnataka and the Cash for Vote scam. See also India portal President of India Cabinet of India Constitution of India Foreign relations of India National Portal of India National Social - media Portal Parliamentary democracy Union Council of Ministers of India References Jump up ^ Subramanian, K. `` A prime ministerial form of government ''. The Hindu. Retrieved 2017 - 05 - 19. Jump up ^ `` Government of India, Structure of Government India ''. www.elections.com. 2018 - 01 - 08. Jump up ^ `` Constitution of India 's definition of India ''. Indiagovt.in. Jump up ^ `` Legal services India on Criminal laws in India ''. www.legalservicesindia.com. Jump up ^ `` Structure of Indian Legal System : Orignal Orign and Development -- ( Dheeraj kumar tiwari BB. A. LL. B. ( 1st year ) Siddhartha Law College, Dehradun, Uttarakhand ) ''. International Journal of Law and Legal Jurisprudence Studies. Retrieved 2017 - 05 - 19. Jump up ^ Buckley, A.M. ( 2011 - 08 - 01 ). India. ABDO. ISBN 9781617876257. Jump up ^ Cultural Perspectives on Youth Justice : Connecting Theory, Policy and International Practise. p. 186. ISBN 1137433973. Retrieved 10 May 2017. Jump up ^ `` Parliament 's actions subject to judicial review : court ''. The Hindu. Retrieved 2017 - 07 - 19. Jump up ^ `` Indian Constitution And Parliamentary Government Law Teacher ''. Retrieved 2017 - 07 - 20. Jump up ^ Laxmikanth. Governance In India. Tata McGraw - Hill Education. ISBN 9780071074667. Jump up ^ `` Our Parliament ''. webcache.googleusercontent.com. Retrieved 2017 - 07 - 20. Jump up ^ Arnull, Elaine ; Fox, Darrell ( 2016 - 06 - 29 ). Cultural Perspectives on Youth Justice : Connecting Theory, Policy and International Practice. Springer. ISBN 9781137433978. Jump up ^ Pratiyogita Darpan ( March 2007 ). Pratiyogita Darpan. Pratiyogita Darpan. p. 60. Retrieved 10 May 2012. Jump up ^ Bakshi ; PM ( 2010 ). Constitution Of India, 10 / e. Universal Law Publishing Company Limited. pp. 48 --. ISBN 978 - 81 - 7534 - 840 - 0. Retrieved 10 May 2012. Jump up ^ Oldenburg, Philip ( 31 August 2010 ). India, Pakistan, and Democracy : Solving the Puzzle of Divergent Paths. Taylor & Francis. p. 71. ISBN 978 - 0 - 415 - 78018 - 6. Retrieved 3 May 2012. Jump up ^ Kumar ; Rajesh. Universal 's Guide to the Constitution of India Pg no. 72. Jump up ^ `` Important India functions of vicepresident ''. Jump up ^ Cabinet Ministers ( as on 26.05. 2014 ). Cabsec.nic.in. Retrieved on 6 December 2013. Archived 27 May 2014 at the Wayback Machine. Jump up ^ M. Laxmikanth. Governance in India. McGraw - Hill Education. ISBN 9789339204785. Jump up ^ `` PIL ''. LegalServicesIndia. Retrieved 10 May 2017. Jump up ^ http://lawmin.nic.in/olwing/coi/coi-english/coi-4March2016.pdf Jump up ^ D'Ambrogio, Enrico. `` India : the biggest democracy in the world '' ( PDF ). European Parliamentary Research Service. Retrieved 21 September 2017. ^ Jump up to : Bernardi, Luigi ; Fraschini, Angela ( 2005 ). `` Tax System And Tax Reforms In India ''. Working paper n. 51. Jump up ^ Tax revenue was 88 % of total union government revenue in 1950 -- 51 and has come down to 73 % in 2003 -- 04, as a result of increase in non-tax revenue. Tax revenues were 70 % of total state government revenues in 2002 to 2003. Indirect taxes were 84 % of the union governments total tax revenue and have come down to 62 % in 2003 -- 04, mostly because of cuts in import duties and rationalisation. The states share in union government 's tax revenue is 28.0 % for the period 2000 to 2005 as per the recommendations of the eleventh finance commission. In addition, states that do not levy sales tax on sugar, textiles and tobacco, are entitled to 1.5 % of the proceeds. Datt, Ruddar ; Sundharam, K.P.M. ( 2005 ). Indian Economy. S. Chand. pp. 938, 942, 946. ISBN 81 - 219 - 0298 - 3. Jump up ^ `` Indif_real_GDP_per_capitaa says 21 of 29 states to launch new tax ''. Daily Times. 25 March 2005. Archived from the original on 16 January 2009. Jump up ^ Datt, Ruddar ; Sundharam, K.P.M. `` 55 ''. Indian Economy. pp. 943 -- 945. Jump up ^ `` Union Budget 2017 - 18 ''. www.ibef.org. Retrieved 2017 - 07 - 21. Jump up ^ Washington Post : When the Little Ones Run the Show ( quote from the New Delhi based Association for Democratic Reform ) retrieved 14 May 2009 Further reading Subrata K. Mitra and V.B. Singh ( 1999 ). Democracy and Social Change in India : A Cross-Sectional Analysis of the National Electorate. New Delhi : Sage Publications. ISBN 81 - 7036 - 809 - X ( India HB ), ISBN 0 - 7619 - 9344 - 4 ( US HB ). External links Official Portal of the Indian Government India topics History Overviews Timeline Years Astronomy Economics Linguistics Maritime Mathematics Metallurgy Military Postal Science and technology Pre-colonial Stone Age Indus Valley Civilization Vedic period Mahajanapadas Mauryas Middle kingdoms Hoysala Chola Pala Kakatiya Delhi Sultanate Vijayanagara Mughals Marathas European trade Colonial Princely East India Company Plassey 1857 rebellion British Raj Railways Economy Army Zamindari Bengali renaissance Political reforms Princely states Partition of Bengal Independence movement 1943 famine World War II Partition Republic Integration Non-Aligned Movement Five - Year Plans Sino - Indian War Indo - Pakistani wars Green Revolution White Revolution Naxal Insurgency Smiling Buddha Space programme The Emergency Indian Peace Keeping Force ( IPKF ) Economic liberalisation Pokhran - II Geography Environment Biosphere reserves Climate Climatic regions Earthquakes Ecoregions Environmental issues Fauna Flora Geology National parks Protected areas Wildlife sanctuaries Landforms Beaches Desert Extreme points Glaciers Islands Lakes Mountains Plains Indo - Gangetic Eastern coastal Western coastal Rivers Valleys Volcanoes Waterfalls Regions East North Northeast South West Subdivisions Autonomous administrative divisions Cities Districts Municipalities States and territories Politics Government Agencies Energy policy Foreign relations Parliament President Vice President Prime Minister Union Council of Ministers Civil Services Cabinet Secretary State governments Law Chief Justice Constitution District Courts Fundamental rights, principles and duties High Courts Human rights Supreme Court Enforcement Federal Border Security Force ( BSF ) Central Industrial Security Force ( CISF ) Central Reserve Police Force ( CRPF ) Indo - Tibetan Border Police ( ITBP ) National Security Guard ( NSG ) Railway Protection Force ( RPF ) Sashastra Seema Bal ( SSB ) Special Protection Group ( SPG ) Intelligence Bureau of Police Research and Development ( BPR&D ) Central Bureau of Investigation ( CBI ) Directorate of Revenue Intelligence ( DRI ) Enforcement Directorate Intelligence Bureau ( IB ) Joint Intelligence Committee ( JIC ) Narcotics Control Bureau ( NCB ) National Investigation Agency ( NIA ) Research and Analysis Wing ( R&AW ) Military Army Navy Air Force Politics Censorship Elections Nationalism Parliament Lok Sabha Rajya Sabha Political parties INC BJP BSP CPI CPM NCP Reservations Scandals Scheduled groups Secularism Economy Companies BSE SENSEX CNX Nifty Government - owned companies List of companies Governance Ministry of Finance Finance ministers Ministry of Commerce and Industry Commerce ministers Finance Commission Planning Commission Economic Advisory Council Central Statistical Office Securities and Exchange Board of India Enforcement Directorate Foreign trade Remittances Taxation Subsidies Industrial licensing Voluntary guidelines NITI Aayog Make in India FDI in India Currency Indian rupee History Historical exchange rates data of the Indian rupee Coinage Reserve Bank of India Governors India Government Mint Financial services Banking Banks Insurance Foreign exchange reserves Bombay Stock Exchange National Stock Exchange Multi Commodity Exchange Bullion Black money History Economic Development Economic liberalisation Licence Raj Green revolution Government initiatives Numbering system People Billionaires Businesspeople Demography Income Poverty Labour law Pensions EPFO NPS PPF States Andhra Pradesh Assam Bihar Goa Gujarat Haryana Himachal Pradesh Jammu and Kashmir Karnataka Kerala Madhya Pradesh Maharashtra Manipur Mizoram Nagaland Odisha Punjab Rajasthan Tamil Nadu Telangana Uttarakhand Uttar Pradesh West Bengal Sectors Agriculture Livestock Fishing Automotive Defence Construction Education Energy Nuclear Solar Wind Entertainment Forestry Gambling Healthcare Information technology Media Cinema Television Printing Mining Pharmaceuticals Retail Science and technology Biotechnology Telecommunications Textiles Tourism Transport Aviation Civil Ports Rail Utilities Electricity Water Society Culture Society Caste system Corruption Demographics Education Universities in India Medical colleges in India Law colleges in India Engineering colleges in India Ethnic relations Healthcare Hospitals in India Languages Literacy Poverty Prisons Religion Socio - economic issues Standard of living Water supply and sanitation Crime Culture Arts and entertainment Architecture Blogging Cinema Comics Webcomics Cuisine wine Dance Dress Folklore Festivals Literature Media television Martial arts Music Public holidays Sport Government of India Constitution Constitution Fundamental Rights, Directive Principles and Fundamental Duties Federalism ( Union List State List Concurrent List ) Executive Union Government Prime Minister ( list ) Cabinet Ministers President ( list ) Vice President ( list ) Civil Services All India Services ( IAS IFS / IFoS IPS ) Cabinet Secretary Secretaries ( Defence Finance Foreign Home ) State governments Chief Minister ( list ) Chief Secretary Governors ( list ) Legislative Parliament Lok Sabha ( Speaker ) Rajya Sabha ( Chairman ) Vidhan Sabha Vidhan Parishad Leader of the Opposition Judiciary Supreme Court ( Chief Justice ) High Courts District Courts Modi ministry Prime Minister : Narendra Modi Cabinet Ministers Agriculture and Farmers Welfare Radha Mohan Singh Chemicals and Fertilizers Ananth Kumar Civil Aviation Ashok Gajapathi Raju Commerce and Industry Suresh Prabhu Consumer Affairs, Food and Public Distribution Ram Vilas Paswan Corporate Affairs Arun Jaitley Defence Nirmala Sitharaman Drinking Water and Sanitation Uma Bharati Earth Sciences Harsh Vardhan Electronics and Information Technology Ravi Shankar Prasad External Affairs Sushma Swaraj Finance Arun Jaitley Food Processing Industry Harsimrat Kaur Badal Coal Piyush Goyal Environment, Forest and Climate Change Harsh Vardhan Health and Family Welfare Jagat Prakash Nadda Heavy Industry and Public Enterprises Anant Geete Home Affairs Rajnath Singh Human Resource Development Prakash Javadekar Information and Broadcasting Smriti Irani Law and Justice Ravi Shankar Prasad Overseas Indian Affairs Sushma Swaraj Panchayati Raj Narendra Singh Tomar Parliamentary Affairs Ananth Kumar Personnel, Public Grievances and Pensions Narendra Modi Petroleum and Natural Gas Dharmendra Pradhan Railways Piyush Goyal Rural Development Narendra Singh Tomar Skill Development and Entrepreneurship Dharmendra Pradhan Science and Technology Harsh Vardhan Social Justice and Empowerment Thaawar Chand Gehlot Space Narendra Modi Statistics and Programme Implementation D.V. Sadananda Gowda Steel Chaudhary Birender Singh Shipping and Road Transport and Highways Nitin Gadkari Textiles Smriti Irani Tribal Affairs Jual Oram Ministry of Water Resources, River Development and Ganga Rejuvenation Nitin Gadkari Women and Child Development Maneka Gandhi Minority Affairs Mukhtar Abbas Naqvi Mines Narendra Singh Tomar Ministers of State ( Independent Charge ) AYUSH Shripad Yasso Naik Communications Manoj Sinha Culture Mahesh Sharma Development of North Eastern Region Jitendra Singh Labour and Employment Santosh Kumar Gangwar Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises Giriraj Singh New and Renewable Energy Raj Kumar Singh Planning Rao Inderjit Singh Power Raj Kumar Singh Tourism Alphons Kannanthanam Housing and Urban Poverty Alleviation Hardeep Singh Puri Youth Affairs and Sports Rajyavardhan Singh Rathore Ministers of State Agriculture and Farmers Welfare Parsottambhai Rupala S.S. Ahluwalia Sudarshan Bhagat Atomic Energy Jitendra Singh Chemicals and Fertilizers Mansukh L. Mandaviya Civil Aviation Jayant Sinha Consumer Affairs, Food and Public Disturbution Chhotu Ram Chaudhary Corporate Affairs Arjun Ram Meghwal Defence Subhash Ramrao Bhamre Drinking Water and Sanitation Ramesh Jigajinagi Earth Sciences Y.S. Chowdary Electronics and IT P.P. Choudhary External Affairs M.J. Akbar V.K. Singh Finance Arjun Ram Meghwal Santosh Gangwar Food Processing Industry Sadhvi Niranjan Jyoti Health and Family Welfare Anupriya Patel Faggan Singh Kulaste Heavy Industry and Public Enterprises G.M. Siddeshwara Home Affairs Hansraj Ahir Kiren Rijiju Housing and Urban Poverty Alleviation Babul Supriyo Rao Inderjit Singh Human Resource Development Mahendra Nath Pandey Upendra Kushwaha Information and Broadcasting Rajyavardhan Singh Rathore Law and Justice PP Choudhary Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises Haribhai Parthibhai Chaudhary Giriraj Singh Minority Affairs Mukhtar Abbas Naqvi Overseas Indian Affairs V.K. Singh Panchayati Raj Parsottambhai Rupala Parliamentary Affairs Arjun Ram Meghwal Vijay Goel Personnel, Public Grievances and Pensions Jitendra Singh Prime Minister 's Office Jitendra Singh Railways Manoj Sinha Rajen Gohain Road Transport and Highways Mansukh L. Mandaviya Pon Radhakrishnan Rural Development Ram Kripal Yadav Science and Technology Y.S. Chowdary Social Justice and Empowerment Krishan Pal Gurjar Ramdas Athawale Vijay Sampla Steel Vishnudeo Sai Shipping Mansukh L. Mandaviya Pon Radhakrishnan Space Jitendra Singh Textiles Ajay Tamta Tribal Affairs Jasvantsinh Sumanbhai Bhabhor Ministry of Water Resources, River Development and Ganga Rejuvenation Arjun Ram Meghwal Satya Pal Singh Women and Child Development Maneka Gandhi Urban Development Babul Supriyo Rao Inderjit Singh Governments of Asia Sovereign states Afghanistan Armenia Azerbaijan Bahrain Bangladesh Bhutan Brunei Cambodia China Cyprus East Timor ( Timor - Leste ) Egypt Georgia India Indonesia Iran Iraq Israel Japan Jordan Kazakhstan North Korea South Korea Kuwait Kyrgyzstan Laos Lebanon Malaysia Maldives Mongolia Myanmar Nepal Oman Pakistan Philippines Qatar Russia Saudi Arabia Singapore Sri Lanka Syria Tajikistan Thailand Turkey Turkmenistan United Arab Emirates Uzbekistan Vietnam Yemen States with limited recognition Abkhazia Artsakh Northern Cyprus Palestine South Ossetia Taiwan Dependencies and other territories British Indian Ocean Territory Christmas Island Cocos ( Keeling ) Islands Hong Kong Macau Government ministries of India President ( List ) Government of India Prime Minister ( List Office ) Deputy Prime Minister Council of Ministers Current Agriculture and Farmers Welfare AYUSH Chemicals and Fertilizers Civil Aviation Coal Commerce and Industry Communications Consumer Affairs Culture Defence Drinking Water and Sanitation Earth Sciences Electronics and Information Technology Environment, Forest and Climate Change External Affiars Finance Food Processing Industries Health and Family Welfare Heavy Industries and Public Enterprises Home Affairs Housing and Urban Poverty Alleviation Human Resource Development Information and Broadcasting Labour and Employment Law and Justice Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises Mines Minority Affairs New and Renewable Energy North East Panchayati Raj Parliamentary Affairs Personnel, Public Grievances and Pensions Petroleum Power Railways Road Transport and Highways Rural Development Science and Technology Shipping Skill Development and Entrepreneurship Social Justice and Empowerment Statistics and Programme Implementation Steel Textiles Tourism Tribal Affairs Urban Development Water Resources Women and Child Development Defunct Communications and Information Technology Overseas Indian Affairs Surface Transport Ministers Home Affairs Finance External Affairs Defence Railways Health and Family Welfare HRD Information and Broadcasting Labour and Employment Parliamentary Affairs Science and Technology Tribal Affairs North Eastern Region Secretaries Cabinet Defence Finance Foreign Home Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Government_of_India&oldid=827539091 '' Categories : Government of India Asian governments Hidden categories : Webarchive template wayback links Use Indian English from June 2016 All Wikipedia articles written in Indian English Use dmy dates from September 2016 All articles with unsourced statements Articles with unsourced statements from July 2017 Talk Contents About Wikipedia Languages অসমীয়া Azərbaycanca বাংলা भोजपुरी Български Català Deutsch ދިވެހިބަސް Español فارسی Français ગુજરાતી Հայերեն हिन्दी Bahasa Indonesia ಕನ್ನಡ मैथिली മലയാളം मराठी Bahasa Melayu नेपाली ଓଡ଼ିଆ ਪੰਜਾਬੀ پنجابی Polski Русский संस्कृतम् සිංහල Svenska தமிழ் తెలుగు Türkçe اردو 中文 26 more Edit links This page was last edited on 25 February 2018, at 08 : 55. Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution - ShareAlike License ; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia ® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization. About Wikipedia

Question: who is the constitutional head of government of india
Answer: Prime Minister