1820 Settlers - wikipedia 1820 Settlers Part of a series on the History of South Africa General periods Before 1652 1652 -- 1815 1815 -- 1910 1910 -- 1948 1948 -- 1994 Since 1994 Specific themes Economy Military Politics Religion Slavery Inventions See also Years Timeline ( nl ) South Africa portal The frontier with allotted farms, c. 1835 The 1820 Settlers were several groups or parties of white British colonists settled by the British government and the Cape authorities in the South African Eastern Cape in 1820. Origins After the Napoleonic wars, Britain experienced a serious unemployment problem, so many of the 1820 Settlers were poor and encouraged to settle in an attempt by the Cape government to close, consolidate and defend the eastern frontier against the neighbouring Xhosa peoples, and to provide a boost to the English - speaking population. It led to the establishment of Albany, a centre of the British diaspora in the region. For many years, Albany remained an `` Anglo - Saxon island '' in a predominantly Xhosa and Afrikaans - speaking country - with its own distinctive local culture. Colonisation Of the 90,000 applicants, about 4,000 were approved, so that many 1820 Settlers initially arrived in the Cape in around 60 different parties between April and June 1820. The 1820 Settlers were granted farms near the village of Bathurst and supplied equipment and food against their deposits, but their lack of agricultural experience led many of them to abandon agriculture and withdraw to Bathurst and other settlements like Grahamstown, East London and Port Elizabeth, where they typically reverted to their trades. A group of the 1820 Settlers continued on to Natal, then a part of Zululand, home of the Zulu people. At the time, King Shaka ruled the territory with highly trained warriors. Leaders of the Natal settlers requested permission from Shaka to stay on the land. When the king witnessed the settlers ' technological advances, permission was granted in return for access to firearm technology. According to genealogist Shelagh O'Byrne Spencer, among 1820 Settlers who moved to Natal were `` John Bailie, the founder of East London, and Charles Kestell, after whose son, the Revd John Daniel Kestell of Anglo - Boer War fame, the Free State town of Kestell is named ''. Memorial They are commemorated in Grahamstown by the 1820 Settlers National Monument, which opened in 1974. A living monument, it hosts plays, musical performances and cultural events, and is supported by the 1820 Settlers Association which was founded in 1920 by Sir Walter Stanford and other descendants. Notable 1820 Settlers Settlers coming ashore, Thomas Baines William Guybon Atherstone John Burnet Biddulph Alexander Biggar Henry Hare Dugmore George Henry Ford Robert Godlonton Richard Gush Dick King Emperor Norton Thomas Pringle Thomas Shone See also South Africa portal 1820 Settlers National Monument Fort Frederick, Eastern Cape Notes and references Jump up ^ Ngubane 1963, p. 30. Jump up ^ O'Byrne Spencer n.d. Ngubane, Jordan K. ( 1963 ), written at Natal, South Africa, An African Explains Apartheid, New York, NY : Frederick A. Praeger, Inc. O'Byrne Spencer, Shelagh ( n.d. ). `` The European Settler Population of Natal up to 1960, and their Influence Beyond the Borders of the Colony ''. British Settlers in Natal : 1824 -- 1857. Further reading Mitford - Barberton, Ivan ; White, Violet ( 1969 ). Some frontier families : biographical sketches of 100 Eastern Province families before 1840. Human and Rousseau. Rosenthal, Eric ( 1973 ). Encyclopedia of Southern Africa. Systems for Education. Whinchcombe Powell, F. ( 1964 ). Hancock 's Drift : The Story of the Great Wagon Road, by F. Whinchcombe Powell. Endemann, L.C.P. ( 1978 ). John Parkin of Baakens River Farm and His Family, 1820 - 1970. Human Sciences Research Council. ISBN 978 - 0 - 86965 - 500 - 9. Spencer, Shelagh O'Byrne ( 1981 ). British Settlers in Natal, 1824 - 1857. Volumes 1 to 7. University of Natal Press. ISBN 978 - 0 - 86980 - 267 - 0. External links Wikimedia Commons has media related to 1820 Settlers. Grahamstown Foundation and 1820 Settlers National Monument 1820 Settlers Association 1820Settlers.com, a genealogy website Political history of South Africa Defunct polities Kingdom of Mapungubwe ( c. 1075 -- c. 1220 ) Dutch Cape Colony ( 1652 -- 1806 ) Mthethwa Paramountcy ( c. 1780 -- 1817 ) Ndwandwe Kingdom ( c. 1780 -- 1819 ) Cape Colony ( 1795 -- 1910 ) Zulu Kingdom ( 1816 -- 97 ) Natalia Republic ( 1839 -- 43 ) Natal Colony ( 1843 -- 1910 ) Orange Free State ( 1854 -- 1902 ) South African Republic ( 1856 -- 1902 ) Griqualand East ( 1861 -- 79 ) Griqualand West ( 1870 -- 73 ) Goshen ( 1882 -- 83 ) Stellaland ( 1882 -- 85 ) Nieuwe Republiek ( 1884 -- 88 ) Upingtonia ( 1885 -- 87 ) Klein Vrystaat ( 1886 -- 91 ) Orange River Colony ( 1902 -- 10 ) Transvaal Colony ( 1902 -- 10 ) Union of South Africa ( 1910 -- 61 ) Transkei ( 1976 -- 94 ) Bophuthatswana ( 1977 -- 94 ) Venda ( 1979 -- 94 ) Ciskei ( 1981 -- 94 ) Events 1652 -- 1815 Dutch settlement French Huguenot settlement Khoikhoi -- Dutch Wars Xhosa Wars Battle of Muizenberg Battle of Blaauwberg Anglo - Dutch Treaty of 1814 1815 -- 1910 Mfecane 1820 Settlers Great Trek Boer Republics Transvaal Civil War Mineral Revolution Witwatersrand Gold Rush South African Wars South Africa Act 1909 1910 -- 1948 Maritz Rebellion Rand Rebellion Great Depression 1946 African Mine Workers ' Union strike Bantustans Apartheid era 1948 general election Apartheid legislation Pass laws Internal resistance Coloured - vote constitutional crisis Defiance Campaign Congress of the People Freedom Charter Women 's March 1956 1957 Alexandra bus boycott Sharpeville massacre 1960 republic referendum International isolation Academic boycott Disinvestment Sporting boycott Olympics Rugby union Rivonia Trial Tar Baby Option Durban Moment Border War Israeli alliance Israel -- South Africa Agreement Soweto Uprising Weapons of mass destruction Project Coast Constructive engagement Church Street bombing 1983 constitutional reform referendum Rubicon speech Dakar Conference Third Force CODESA 1992 apartheid referendum Saint James Church massacre Bophuthatswana crisis Shell House massacre Post-apartheid 1994 general election Government of National Unity Reconstruction and Development Programme Truth and Reconciliation Commission Arms Deal Floor crossing Soweto bombings African Renaissance Xenophobia Marikana massacre 2012 Western Cape farm workers ' strike Nkandlagate 2014 platinum strike # RhodesMustFall protests # FeesMustFall student protests Tshwane riots Langa Massacre Political culture African nationalism Afrikaner Calvinism Afrikaner nationalism Azania Baasskap Boerehaat Black Consciousness Movement Day of the Vow Greater South Africa Honorary whites Rooi gevaar Slavery Swart gevaar Uitlander Volkstaat Defunct organisations Civic and political organisations Afrikaner Bond Afrikaner Broederbond Afrikaner Party AITUP APO AVF BPC Black Sash CDA CTEG COD Congress Alliance COSG CP Dominion Party DP ( 1973 -- 1977 ) DP ( 1989 -- 2000 ) DPP ECC FA FD Genootskap van Regte Afrikaners GNP Het Volk HNP IDASA ID IP ISL Jeugkrag Johannesburg Reform Committee Labour Party ( 1910 -- 1958 ) Labour Party ( 1969 -- 1994 ) Liberal Party ( 1953 -- 1968 ) NA NCP Natal Indian Congress NLP NNP NP NPP NRP NUSAS PFP Progressive Party ( Cape Colony ) Progressive Party PRP Radio Freedom Reform Party SABP SADECO SAIC SASO SAYCO SAYRCO South African Party ( Cape Colony ) South African Party ( 1911 -- 1934 ) South African Party ( 1977 -- 1980 ) TNIP Torch Commando UFP United Party Unionist Party Volksparty Workers Party WOSA Trade unions and social movements APF BCM BLATU CNETU CTSWU FCWU FNETU FOSATU ICU IWW MUSA NEUM NURHS PAWE SAAPAWU SACTU SAIF SARHU SATUC Die Spoorbund UDF Umkosi Wezintaba Paramilitary and terrorist organisations APLA ARM BBB Boeremag Greyshirts MK Ossewabrandwag Orde van die Dood SANF Histories of political parties African National Congress Democratic Alliance Pan Africanist Congress of Azania Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1820_Settlers&oldid=813593741 '' Categories : 1820 Settlers 1820 in the Cape Colony 19th century in Africa British Empire British - South African culture History of South Africa Hidden categories : Interlanguage link template link number Talk About Wikipedia Afrikaans Dansk Nederlands Norsk Русский Edit links This page was last edited on 4 December 2017, at 06 : 38. 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Question: a memorial commemorating the landing of the 1820 settlers
Answer: the 1820 Settlers National Monument