Chilean presidential election, 1970 - wikipedia Chilean presidential election, 1970 Chilean presidential election, 1970 ← 1964 September 4, 1970 1989 → Nominee Salvador Allende Jorge Alessandri Radomiro Tomic Party Socialist Independent Christian Democratic Alliance Popular Unity PN -- DR Popular vote 1,070,334 1,031,159 821,801 Percentage 36.61 % 35.27 % 28.11 % Confirmation 153 35 President before election Eduardo Frei Montalva Christian Democratic Elected President Salvador Allende Socialist Original ballot Presidential elections were held in Chile on 4 September 1970. Salvador Allende of the Popular Unity alliance won a narrow plurality in the public vote, before having his victory confirmed by a Congressional vote after the Christian Democrats voted in favour of his candidacy. Eduardo Frei Montalva and his Christian Democratic Party would later unite with Allende 's opponents to form a congressional majority in an attempt to declare his presidency illegal in August 1973, catalyzing the Chilean coup of 1973 a few weeks later. Contents 1 Electoral system 2 Campaign 2.1 Congressional confirmation 3 Results 3.1 Congressional confirmation 4 See also 5 References 6 External links Electoral system The election was held using the absolute majority system, under which a candidate had to receive over 50 % of the popular vote to be elected. If no candidate received over 50 % of the vote, both houses of the National Congress would come together to vote on the two candidates that received the most votes. Campaign Both the Central Intelligence Agency ( CIA ) and the KGB spent significant amounts of money to influence the outcome of the election. The CIA did not provide direct assistance to any candidate, as they had during the 1964 elections, but rather focused on anti-Allende propaganda, ultimately spending $425,000. The money was used in a `` scare campaign '' of posters and pamphlets linking an Allende victory with the violence and repression associated with the Soviet Union. Editorials and news stories reinforcing this message were also written with CIA guidance, especially in the newspaper El Mercurio, and disseminated throughout the national media. The goal was to contribute to and exploit the political polarization and financial panic of the period. Besides propaganda, the CIA also funded an attempt to splinter the Radical Party away from the Popular Unity coalition. This CIA campaign was very inefficient. CIA director Richard Helms complained that he was ordered by the White House to `` beat somebody with nothing ''. KGB money was more precisely targeted. Allende made a personal request for Soviet money through his personal contact, KGB officer Svyatoslav Kuznetsov, who urgently came to Chile from Mexico City to help Allende. The original allocation of money for these elections through the KGB was $400,000, and an additional personal subsidy of $50,000 directly to Allende. It is believed that help from KGB was a decisive factor, because Allende won by a narrow margin of 39,000 votes of a total of the 3 million cast. After the elections, the KGB director Yuri Andropov obtained permission for additional money and other resources from the Central Committee of the CPSU to ensure Allende victory in Congress. In his request on 24 October, he stated that KGB `` will carry out measures designed to promote the consolidation of Allende 's victory and his election to the post of President of the country ''. US president Richard Nixon was enraged by Allende 's victory and the failure of the CIA 's covert actions against him. Congressional confirmation As none of the candidates received an absolute majority of votes, the National Congress had to decide between the two candidates who had received the most votes, Allende and Alessandri. The precedent set on the three previous occasions this situation had arisen since 1932 was for Congress simply to choose the candidate with the highest number of votes ; indeed, former President Alessandri had been elected in 1958 with 31.6 % of the popular vote, defeating Allende. In this case, however, there was an active campaign against Allende 's confirmation by Congress, including an intensification of the CIA propaganda campaign to create concerns about Chile 's future. During this period the CIA generated over 726 articles, broadcasts and similar items. The CIA also encouraged international economic pressure against Chile during this period. The United States also began to lay the groundwork for a military coup in this stage, authorizing the Ambassador to Chile to encourage this outcome with his contacts in the Chilean military. Two days before the confirmation, Army Commander - in - Chief General René Schneider, was shot resisting a kidnap attempt by a group led by General Roberto Viaux. Hospitalized, he died of his wounds three days later. Viaux 's kidnapping plan had been supported by the CIA, although it seems that then - US National Security Advisor Henry Kissinger had ordered the plans turned off. Schneider was a known defender of the `` constitutionalist '' doctrine that the army 's role is exclusively professional, its mission being to protect the country 's sovereignty and not to interfere in politics, and had expressed his deep opposition to organizing a coup d'état in case Salvador Allende was finally chosen by the National Congress as President. Schneider 's death was viewed negatively by the public, and helped citizens and military support Allende, whom the National Congress finally chose on 24 October. On 26 October, President Eduardo Frei named General Carlos Prats as commander in chief of the army in replacement of René Schneider. Allende 's presidency was eventually ratified, after he agreed to sign a `` Statute of Constitutional Guarantees '', promising not to undermine the Chilean Constitution. Results Candidate Party / Coalition Votes % Result Salvador Allende Popular Unity ( UP ) 1,070,334 36.61 Congressional confirmation Jorge Alessandri Rodríguez National Party 1,031,159 35.27 Congressional confirmation Radomiro Tomic Christian Democratic Party 821,801 28.11 Total valid votes 2,923,294 100.00 Blank votes 7,045 0.23 Null votes 24,460 0.82 Total votes 2,954,799 100.00 Registered voters 3,539,747 83.47 % turnout Voting - age population 5,266,331 56.11 % turnout Source : Tricel ; UNDESA. Congressional confirmation Candidate Party / Coalition Votes % Result Salvador Allende Popular Unity ( UP ) 153 78.46 President Jorge Alessandri Rodríguez Independent conservative 35 17.95 Blank votes 7 3.59 Total votes 195 100.00 Absent 5 2.50 Eligible voters 200 97.50 % turnout Source : Tricel. See also History of Chile U.S. intervention in Chile Chilean coup of 1973 References Jump up ^ Nohlen, D ( 2005 ) Elections in the Americas : A data handbook, Volume II, p259 ISBN 978 - 0 - 19 - 928358 - 3 ^ Jump up to : Vasili Mitrokhin and Christopher Andrew, The World Was Going Our Way : The KGB and the Battle for the Third World, Basic Books ( 2005 ) hardcover, 677 pages ISBN 0 - 465 - 00311 - 7, pages 69 - 88. Jump up ^ Church Report ( Covert Action in Chile 1963 - 1973 ), United States Senate Church Committee, 1975 Jump up ^ CIA Activities in Chile Archived 2006 - 12 - 12 at the Wayback Machine. Jump up ^ Church Report, ibid Jump up ^ CIA Reveals Covert Acts In Chile Archived 2004 - 08 - 07 at the Wayback Machine., CBS News, September 19, 2000. Accessed 2 August 2006. ^ Jump up to : `` El Partido Socialista de Chile Tomo II ''. Julio César Jobet ( in Spanish ). p. 120. Archived from the original ( PDF ) on 2009 - 10 - 25. Retrieved 2009 - 06 - 05. Jump up ^ `` B. El Congreso Nacional y la quiebra de un deber constitucional : el control del ejercicio constitucional de las funciones del presidente ''. Revista Chilena de Derecho ( in Spanish ). 1 ( 3 / 4 ) : 491 -- 547. June -- August 1974. JSTOR 41605133. Jump up ^ `` Total Population - Both Sexes ''. World Population Prospects, the 2017 Revision. United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division, Population Estimates and Projections Section. June 2017. Retrieved 1 November 2017. External links Archivos Internet Salvador Allende - A pro-Allende Spanish - language source, provides enormous day - by - day detail on the events between the election and Allende 's inauguration as president. ( in Spanish ) Elections and referendums in Chile Presidential elections 1826 1827 1829 1831 1836 1841 1846 1851 1856 1861 1866 1871 1876 1881 1886 1891 1896 1901 1906 1910 1915 1920 1925 1927 1931 1932 1938 1942 1946 1952 1958 1964 1970 1989 1993 1999 -- 2000 2005 -- 06 2009 -- 10 2013 2017 Parliamentary elections 1811 1822 1823 1824 1825 1827 1828 1829 1831 1834 1837 1840 1843 1846 1849 1852 1855 1858 1861 1864 1867 1870 1873 1876 1879 1882 1885 1888 1891 1894 1897 1900 1903 1906 1909 1912 1915 1918 1921 1924 1925 1930 1932 1937 1941 1945 1949 1953 1957 1961 1965 1969 1973 1989 1993 2005 2009 2013 2017 Parliamentary by - elections 1936 1940 ( Mar ) 1940 ( Apr ) 1940 ( Jun ) 1940 ( Nov ) 1941 ( Jul ) 1941 ( Dec ) 1942 1943 1944 ( Mar ) 1944 ( Aug ) 1945 ( Mar ) 1945 ( Sep ) 1945 ( Nov ) 1946 1947 ( Jan ) 1947 ( Jul ) 1947 ( Sep ) 1948 1950 1951 1953 ( Jan ) 1953 ( Aug ) 1955 ( Feb ) 1955 ( Jun ) 1956 ( Apr ) 1956 ( May ) 1957 ( Jul ) 1957 ( Oct ) 1958 ( Mar ) 1958 ( Oct ) 1962 1964 1965 1966 1967 ( Jun ) 1967 ( Dec ) 1968 1971 ( Apr ) 1971 ( Jul ) 1972 ( Jan ) 1972 ( Jul ) Regional elections 2013 2017 Municipal elections 1891 1894 1897 1900 1905 1910 1915 1920 1922 1925 1935 1938 1941 1944 1947 1950 1953 1956 1960 1963 1967 1971 2000 2008 2012 2016 Referendums 1812 1817 1818 1925 1978 1980 1989 Salvador Allende Life and politics Biography Presidential elections of 1952 / 1958 / 1964 / 1970 Presidency Tanquetazo 1973 coup d'état Death Policies Vuskovic plan Economic policy Nationalization of copper Schneider Doctrine Project Cybersyn Perceptions Project FUBELT Schneider Doctrine Criticisms Allies Carlos Prats Carlos Altamirano Orlando Letelier José Tohá Pedro Vuskovic Edgardo Enríquez Andre Gunder Frank Family Ramón Allende Padín Laura Allende Isabel Allende ( Bussi ) Andrés Pascal Allende Isabel Allende 1973 Chilean coup d'état Background United States intervention in Chile Schneider Doctrine 1970 election Project FUBELT Presidency of Salvador Allende Carlos Prats Alejandrina Cox incident Carlos Altamirano Tanquetazo Participants Salvador Allende Augusto Pinochet José Toribio Merino Gustavo Leigh César Mendoza Aftermath Government Junta of Chile Miguel Enriquez Operation Condor Assassination of Carlos Prats Attempted assassination of Bernardo Leighton Assassination of Orlando Letelier Chile under Pinochet Chicago Boys Indictment and arrest of Pinochet Controversies Death of Salvador Allende Criticisms of Salvador Allende Human rights violations under Pinochet Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chilean_presidential_election,_1970&oldid=817487746 '' Categories : 1970 elections in South America 1970 in Chile Presidential elections in Chile Presidency of Salvador Allende September 1970 events Hidden categories : Webarchive template wayback links CS1 Spanish - language sources ( es ) Pages using deprecated image syntax Articles with Spanish - language external links Talk Contents About Wikipedia Deutsch Español Français Italiano Nederlands Português Русский Svenska 中文 Edit links This page was last edited on 28 December 2017, at 18 : 35. 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Question: who was elected the president of chile in 1970
Answer: Salvador Allende of the Popular Unity alliance