Die Brücke - wikipedia Die Brücke For other uses, see Die Brücke ( disambiguation ). Fritz Bleyl poster for the first Die Brücke show in 1906 Die Brücke manifesto 1906 Die Brücke ( The Bridge ) was a group of German expressionist artists formed in Dresden in 1905, after which the Brücke Museum in Berlin was named. Founding members were Fritz Bleyl, Erich Heckel, Ernst Ludwig Kirchner and Karl Schmidt - Rottluff. Later members were Emil Nolde, Max Pechstein and Otto Mueller. The seminal group had a major impact on the evolution of modern art in the 20th century and the creation of expressionism. Die Brücke is sometimes compared to the Fauves. Both movements shared interests in primitivist art. Both shared an interest in the expressing of extreme emotion through high - keyed color that was very often non-naturalistic. Both movements employed a drawing technique that was crude, and both groups shared an antipathy to complete abstraction. The Die Brücke artists ' emotionally agitated paintings of city streets and sexually charged events transpiring in country settings make their French counterparts, the Fauves, seem tame by comparison. Contents 1 History 2 Legacy 3 Notes and references 4 External links History The founding members of Die Brücke in 1905 were four Jugendstil architecture students : Fritz Bleyl ( 1880 -- 1966 ), Erich Heckel ( 1883 -- 1970 ), Ernst Ludwig Kirchner ( 1880 -- 1938 ) and Karl Schmidt - Rottluff ( 1884 -- 1976 ). They met through the Königliche Technische Hochschule ( technical university ) of Dresden, where Kirchner and Bleyl began studying in 1901 and became close friends in their first term. They discussed art together and also studied nature, having a radical outlook in common. Kirchner continued studies in Munich 1903 -- 1904, returning to Dresden in 1905 to complete his degree. The institution provided a wide range of studies in addition to architecture, such as freehand drawing, perspective drawing and the historical study of art. The name `` Die Brücke '' was intended to `` symbolize the link, or bridge, they would form with art of the future ''. Die Brücke aimed to eschew the prevalent traditional academic style and find a new mode of artistic expression, which would form a bridge ( hence the name ) between the past and the present. They responded both to past artists such as Albrecht Dürer, Matthias Grünewald and Lucas Cranach the Elder, as well as contemporary international avant - garde movements. The group published a broadside called Programme in 1906, where Kirchner wrote : We call all young people together, and as young people, who carry the future in us, we want to wrest freedom for our actions and our lives from the older, comfortably established forces. As part of the affirmation of their national heritage, they revived older media, particularly woodcut prints. The group developed a common style based on vivid color, emotional tension, violent imagery, and an influence from primitivism. After first concentrating exclusively on urban subject matter, the group ventured into southern Germany on expeditions arranged by Mueller and produced more nudes and arcadian images. They invented the printmaking technique of linocut, although they at first described them as traditional woodcuts, which they also made. The group members initially `` isolated '' themselves in a working - class neighborhood of Dresden, aiming thereby to reject their own bourgeois backgrounds. Erich Heckel was able to obtain an empty butcher 's shop on the Berlinerstrasse in Friedrichstadt for their use as a studio. Bleyl described the studio as : that of a real bohemian, full of paintings lying all over the place, drawings, books and artist 's materials -- much more like an artist 's romantic lodgings than the home of a well - organised architecture student. Painting of the group members by Ernst Ludwig Kirchner 1926 / 7 Kirchner 's became a venue which overthrew social conventions to allow casual love - making and frequent nudity. Group life - drawing sessions took place using models from the social circle, rather than professionals, and choosing quarter - hour poses to encourage spontaneity. Bleyl described one such model, Isabella, a fifteen - year - old girl from the neighbourhood, as `` a very lively, beautifully built, joyous individual, without any deformation caused by the silly fashion of the corset and completely suitable to our artistic demands, especially in the blossoming condition of her girlish buds. '' The group composed a manifesto ( mostly Kirchner 's work ), which was carved on wood and asserted a new generation, `` who want freedom in our work and in our lives, independence from older, established forces. '' Otto Mueller, 1912 In September and October 1906, the first group exhibition was held, focused on the female nude, in the showroom of K.F.M. Seifert and Co. in Dresden. Emil Nolde ( 1867 -- 1956 ) and Max Pechstein ( 1881 -- 1955 ) joined the group in 1906. Bleyl married in 1907, and, with a concern to support his family, left the group. Otto Mueller ( 1874 -- 1930 ) joined in 1910. Between 1907 and 1911, Brücke members stayed during the summer at the Moritzburg lakes and on the island of Fehmarn. In 1911, Kirchner moved to Berlin, where he founded a private art school, MIUM - Institut, in collaboration with Max Pechstein with the aim of promulgating `` Moderner Unterricht im Malen '' ( modern teaching of painting ). This was not a success and closed the following year. In 1913, Kirchner wrote Chronik der Brücke ( Brücke chronicle ), which led to the ending of the group. Legacy Die Brücke was one of two groups of German painters fundamental to Expressionism, the other being Der Blaue Reiter group ( `` The Blue Rider '' ), formed in Munich in 1911. Notes and references Jump up ^ `` The Artists ' Association ' Brücke ' '', Brücke Museum. Retrieved 7 September 2007. Jump up ^ Artspoke, Robert Atkins, 1993, ISBN 978 - 1 - 55859 - 388 - 6 ^ Jump up to : `` Fritz Bleyl ( 1880 - 1966 ) '', Brücke Museum. Retrieved 7 September 2007. ^ Jump up to : `` Kirchner - Expressionism and the city '', Royal Academy, 2003. Retrieved 7 September 2007. ^ Jump up to : `` Ernst Ludwig Kirchner '', Brucke Museum. Retrieved 8 September 2007. Jump up ^ `` The Student Years of the Brücke and their Teachers '', ingentaconnect.com ( abstract of book by Peter Lasko ), from Art History, Volume 20, Number 1, March 1997, pp. 61 - 99. Retrieved 7 September 2007. ^ Jump up to : Dempsey, Amy ( 2010 ). Styles, Schools and Movements : The Essential Encyclopaedic Guide to Modern Art. Thames & Hudson. p. 74. ISBN 978 - 0 - 500 - 28844 - 3. Jump up ^ `` Artists by Movement - Die Brücke '', artcyclopedia.com. Retrieved 5 September 2007. Jump up ^ Peter Selz, German Expressionist Painting, Berkeley : University of California Press, 1957, p. 78 ^ Jump up to : Simmons, Sherwin. `` Ernst Kirchner 's Streetwalkers : Art, Luxury, and Immorality in Berlin, 1913 - 16 '', The Art Bulletin, March 2000, from findarticles.com. Retrieved 7 September 2007. External links Wikimedia Commons has media related to Die Brücke. Wikiquote has quotations related to : Die Brücke German Expressionist Prints teaching resource on Die Brücke Brücke - Museum Website Die Brücke prints at MoMa `` Hottentots in tails '' A turbulent history by Christian Saehrendt Die Brücke Founders Fritz Bleyl Erich Heckel Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Karl Schmidt - Rottluff Others Kees van Dongen Otto Mueller Emil Nolde Max Pechstein Rosa Schapire See also Der Blaue Reiter Expressionism Post-Impressionism 19th - century movements Neo-impressionism Divisionism Pointillism Cloisonnism Les Nabis Synthetism Symbolism Art Nouveau Artists Cuno Amiet Charles Angrand Émile Bernard Edvard Munch Pierre Bonnard Marius Borgeaud Paul Cézanne Henri - Edmond Cross Maurice Denis Georges Dufrénoy Paul Gauguin Hippolyte Petitjean Paul Ranson Odilon Redon Henri Rousseau René Schützenberger Paul Sérusier Georges Seurat Paul Signac Henri de Toulouse - Lautrec Charles Laval Georges Lemmen Maximilien Luce Paul Ranson Vincent van Gogh Théo van Rysselberghe Félix Vallotton Édouard Vuillard 20th - century movements Fauvism Die Brücke Der Blaue Reiter Expressionism Cubism Artists Georges Braque Charles Camoin André Derain Raoul Dufy Henri Matisse Albert Gleizes Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Karl Schmidt - Rottluff Wassily Kandinsky Sonia Lewitska Franz Marc Jean Metzinger Henry Ottmann Francis Picabia Pablo Picasso Robert Antoine Pinchon Henriette Tirman Jean Marchand Othon Friesz Exhibitions Artistes Indépendants Les XX Volpini Exhibition Le Barc de Boutteville La Libre Esthétique Ambroise Vollard Salon d'Automne Salon des Indépendants Salon des Cent Salon des Tuileries Critics Félix Fénéon Albert Aurier See also Impressionism Modernism Modern art Secessionism Art movements Medieval Early Christian Migration Period Anglo - Saxon Visigothic Pre-Romanesque Insular Viking Byzantine Merovingian Carolingian Ottonian Romanesque Norman - Sicilian Gothic ( International Gothic ) Renaissance Italian Renaissance Early Netherlandish German Renaissance Antwerp Mannerists Danube school High Renaissance Romanism Mannerism Fontainebleau Northern Mannerism Flemish Baroque 17th century Baroque Caravaggisti Classicism Dutch Golden Age 18th century Rococo Neoclassicism Romanticism 19th century Naïve Nazarene Realism / Realism Historicism Biedermeier Gründerzeit Barbizon school Pre-Raphaelites Academic Aestheticism Decadent Macchiaioli Art Nouveau Peredvizhniki Impressionism Post-Impressionism Neo-impressionism Divisionism Pointillism Cloisonnism Les Nabis Synthetism Kalighat painting Symbolism Hudson River School 20th century Arts and Crafts Fauvism Die Brücke Cubism Expressionism Neue Künstlervereinigung München Futurism Metaphysical art Rayonism Der Blaue Reiter Orphism Synchromism Vorticism Suprematism Ashcan Dada De Stijl Purism Bauhaus Kinetic art New Objectivity Neues Sehen Surrealism Neo-Fauvism Precisionism Scuola Romana Art Deco International Typographic Style Social realism Abstract expressionism Vienna School of Fantastic Realism Color Field Lyrical abstraction Tachisme COBRA Action painting New media art Letterist International Pop art Situationist International Lettrism Neo-Dada Op art Nouveau réalisme Conceptual art Land art Systems art Video art Minimalism Fluxus Photorealism Performance art Installation art Endurance art Outsider art Neo-expressionism Lowbrow Young British Artists Amazonian pop art 21st century Art intervention Hyperrealism Neo-futurism Stuckism Sound art Superstroke Superflat Relational art Related articles List of art movements Feminist art movement ( in the US ) Modern art Modernism Late modernism Postmodern art Avant - garde VIAF : 140721077 LCCN : n80128691 ISNI : 0000 0001 2170 4267 GND : 63342 - 2 SELIBR : 113256 SUDOC : 027221628 NKC : kn20050602005 Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title= Die_Brücke&oldid = 811597435 '' Categories : German artist groups and collectives Expressionism 1913 disestablishments in Germany Arts organizations established in 1905 Organizations disestablished in 1913 Hidden categories : Wikipedia articles with VIAF identifiers Wikipedia articles with LCCN identifiers Wikipedia articles with ISNI identifiers Wikipedia articles with GND identifiers Wikipedia articles with SELIBR identifiers Talk Contents About Wikipedia Wikiquote Bosanski Brezhoneg Català Čeština Dansk Deutsch Eesti Español Esperanto فارسی Français Galego 한국어 Հայերեն Hrvatski Bahasa Indonesia Italiano עברית Lietuvių Magyar Nederlands 日本 語 Norsk Norsk nynorsk پنجابی Polski Português Română Русский Slovenščina Српски / srpski Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски Suomi Svenska ไทย Türkçe Українська 中文 Edit links This page was last edited on 22 November 2017, at 17 : 42. 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Question: with what are the german die brücke artists associated
Answer: Expressionism