Angiotensin - wikipedia Angiotensin This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. ( March 2012 ) AGT Available structures PDB Ortholog search : PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 4FYS, 1N9U, 1N9V, 2JP8, 2WXW, 2X0B, 3CK0, 3WOO, 3WOR, 4AA1, 4APH, 5E2Q Identifiers Aliases AGT, ANHU, SERPINA8, angiotensinogen, hFLT1 External IDs MGI : 87963 HomoloGene : 14 GeneCards : AGT Gene location ( Human ) Chr. Chromosome 1 ( human ) Band 1q42. 2 Start 230,702,523 bp End 230,714,297 bp Gene location ( Mouse ) Chr. Chromosome 8 ( mouse ) Band 8 E2 8 72.81 cM Start 124,556,534 bp End 124,569,706 bp RNA expression pattern More reference expression data Gene ontology Molecular function type 1 angiotensin receptor binding hormone activity superoxide - generating NADPH oxidase activator activity growth factor activity type 2 angiotensin receptor binding protein binding sodium channel regulator activity serine - type endopeptidase inhibitor activity angiotensin receptor binding receptor ligand activity Cellular component cytoplasm extracellular exosome blood microparticle extracellular space cytosol extracellular region Biological process uterine smooth muscle contraction renal system process regulation of extracellular matrix assembly vasoconstriction positive regulation of cholesterol esterification positive regulation of catalytic activity positive regulation of cardiac muscle hypertrophy phospholipase C - activating G - protein coupled receptor signaling pathway cell surface receptor signaling pathway cellular response to mechanical stimulus blood vessel remodeling positive regulation of reactive oxygen species metabolic process stress - activated MAPK cascade artery smooth muscle contraction positive regulation of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure by renin - angiotensin regulation of apoptotic process positive regulation of cellular protein metabolic process regulation of blood vessel size negative regulation of neurotrophin TRK receptor signaling pathway positive regulation of branching involved in ureteric bud morphogenesis regulation of long - term neuronal synaptic plasticity positive regulation of renal sodium excretion kidney development positive regulation of fibroblast proliferation cellular sodium ion homeostasis ERK1 and ERK2 cascade activation of phospholipase C activity angiotensin maturation positive regulation of extracellular matrix constituent secretion positive regulation of transcription, DNA - templated positive regulation of blood pressure negative regulation of cell growth positive regulation of peptidyl - tyrosine phosphorylation regulation of norepinephrine secretion positive regulation of inflammatory response catenin import into nucleus female pregnancy positive regulation of protein tyrosine kinase activity negative regulation of tissue remodeling regulation of heart rate regulation of blood pressure positive regulation of macrophage derived foam cell differentiation regulation of vasoconstriction positive regulation of NF - kappaB transcription factor activity positive regulation of NAD ( P ) H oxidase activity nitric oxide mediated signal transduction G - protein coupled receptor signaling pathway coupled to cGMP nucleotide second messenger smooth muscle cell proliferation positive regulation of epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway regulation of blood volume by renin - angiotensin regulation of cardiac conduction regulation of calcium ion transport regulation of transmission of nerve impulse regulation of blood vessel diameter by renin - angiotensin cell growth involved in cardiac muscle cell development regulation of renal sodium excretion positive regulation of cytokine production positive regulation of membrane hyperpolarization response to muscle activity involved in regulation of muscle adaptation negative regulation of sodium ion transmembrane transporter activity positive regulation of nitric oxide biosynthetic process cytokine secretion angiotensin - mediated drinking behavior cell - cell signaling renin - angiotensin regulation of aldosterone production aging vasodilation positive regulation of endothelial cell migration low - density lipoprotein particle remodeling regulation of cell proliferation regulation of cell growth positive regulation of cell proliferation fibroblast proliferation negative regulation of angiogenesis positive regulation of gap junction assembly positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3 - kinase signaling positive regulation of superoxide anion generation positive regulation of L - lysine import across plasma membrane positive regulation of glucose import in response to insulin stimulus positive regulation of cardiac muscle cell apoptotic process angiotensin - activated signaling pathway positive regulation of vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation positive regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration negative regulation of gene expression regulation of renal output by angiotensin negative regulation of endopeptidase activity positive regulation of vascular associated smooth muscle cell migration regulation of molecular function positive regulation of activation of Janus kinase activity regulation of lipid metabolic process positive regulation of blood vessel diameter positive regulation of L - arginine import across plasma membrane regulation of receptor activity G - protein coupled receptor signaling pathway positive regulation of neuron projection development response to estradiol cellular response to angiotensin Sources : Amigo / QuickGO Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 183 11606 Ensembl ENSG00000135744 ENSMUSG00000031980 UniProt P01019 P11859 Q3UTR7 RefSeq ( mRNA ) NM_000029 NM_007428 RefSeq ( protein ) NP_000020 NP_031454 Location ( UCSC ) Chr 1 : 230.7 -- 230.71 Mb Chr 1 : 124.56 -- 124.57 Mb PubMed search Wikidata View / Edit Human View / Edit Mouse Angiotensin is a peptide hormone that causes vasoconstriction and an increase in blood pressure. It is part of the renin - angiotensin system, which is a major target for drugs that raises blood pressure. Angiotensin also stimulates the release of aldosterone, another hormone, from the adrenal cortex. Aldosterone promotes sodium retention in the distal nephron, in the kidney, which also drives blood pressure up. Angiotensin is an oligopeptide and is a hormone and a powerful dipsogen. It is derived from the precursor molecule angiotensinogen, a serum globulin produced in the liver. It plays an important role in the renin - angiotensin system. Angiotensin was independently isolated in Indianapolis and Argentina in the late 1930s ( as ' angiotonin ' and ' hypertensin ', respectively ) and subsequently characterised and synthesized by groups at the Cleveland Clinic and Ciba laboratories in Basel, Switzerland. Contents 1 Precursor and types 1.1 Angiotensinogen 1.2 Angiotensin I 1.3 Angiotensin II 1.4 Angiotensin III 1.5 Angiotensin IV 2 Effects 2.1 Adipic 2.2 Cardiovascular 2.3 Neural 2.4 Adrenal 2.5 Renal 3 See also 4 References 5 Further reading 6 External links Precursor and types Angiotensinogen Angiotensinogen ( AGT ) is an α - 2 - globulin produced constitutively and released into the circulation mainly by the liver. It is a member of the serpin family, although it is not known to inhibit other enzymes, unlike most serpins. Plasma angiotensinogen levels are increased by plasma corticosteroid, estrogen, thyroid hormone, and angiotensin II levels. Angiotensinogen is also known as renin substrate. Human angiotensinogen is 453 amino acids long, but other species have angiotensinogen of varying sizes. The first 12 amino acids are the most important for activity. Asp - Arg - Val - Tyr - Ile - His - Pro-Phe - His - Leu - Val - Ile -... Angiotensin I Asp - Arg - Val - Tyr - Ile - His - Pro-Phe - His - Leu Val - Ile -... Renin -- angiotensin -- aldosterone system Angiotensin I ( CAS # 11128 - 99 - 7 ) is formed by the action of renin on angiotensinogen. Renin cleaves the peptide bond between the leucine ( Leu ) and valine ( Val ) residues on angiotensinogen, creating the decapeptide ( ten amino acid ) ( des - Asp ) angiotensin I. Renin is produced in the kidneys in response to renal sympathetic activity, decreased intrarenal blood pressure ( < 90mmHg systolic blood pressure ) at the juxtaglomerular cells, or decreased delivery of Na+ and Cl - to the macula densa. If a reduced NaCl concentration in the distal tubule is sensed by the macula densa, renin release by juxtaglomerular cells is increased. This sensing mechanism for macula densa - mediated renin secretion appears to have a specific dependency on chloride ions rather than sodium ions. Studies using isolated preparations of thick ascending limb with glomerulus attached in low NaCl perfusate were unable to inhibit renin secretion when various sodium salts were added but could inhibit renin secretion with the addition of chloride salts. This, and similar findings obtained in vivo, has led some to believe that perhaps `` the initiating signal for MD control of renin secretion is a change in the rate of NaCl uptake predominantly via a luminal Na, K, 2Cl co-transporter whose physiological activity is determined by a change in luminal Cl concentration. '' Angiotensin I appears to have no direct biological activity and exists solely as a precursor to angiotensin II. Angiotensin II Asp - Arg - Val - Tyr - Ile - His - Pro-Phe Angiotensin I is converted to angiotensin II ( AII ) through removal of two C - terminal residues by the enzyme angiotensin - converting enzyme ( ACE ), primarily through ACE within the lung ( but also present in endothelial cells, kidney epithelial cells, and the brain ). Angiotensin II acts on the CNS to increase ADH production, and also acts on venous and arterial vessels ' smooth muscle to cause vasoconstriction. Angiotensin II also increases Aldosterone secretion, therefore, it acts as an endocrine, autocrine / paracrine, and intracrine hormone. ACE is a target of ACE inhibitor drugs, which decrease the rate of Angiotensin II production. Angiotensin II increases blood pressure by stimulating the Gq protein in vascular smooth muscle cells ( which in turn activates an IP3 - dependent mechanism leading to a rise in intracellular calcium levels and ultimately causing contraction ). In addition, angiotensin II acts at the Na / H exchanger in the proximal tubules of the kidney to stimulate Na reabsorption and H excretion which is coupled to bicarbonate reabsorption. This ultimately results in an increase in blood volume, pressure, and pH. Hence, ACE inhibitors are major anti-hypertensive drugs. Other cleavage products of ACE, seven or 9 amino acids long, are also known ; they have differential affinity for angiotensin receptors, although their exact role is still unclear. The action of AII itself is targeted by angiotensin II receptor antagonists, which directly block angiotensin II AT receptors. Angiotensin II is degraded to angiotensin III by angiotensinases located in red blood cells and the vascular beds of most tissues. It has a half - life in circulation of around 30 seconds, whereas, in tissue, it may be as long as 15 -- 30 minutes. Angiotensin III Asp Arg - Val - Tyr - Ile - His - Pro-Phe Angiotensin III has 40 % of the pressor activity of angiotensin II, but 100 % of the aldosterone - producing activity. Increases mean arterial pressure. Angiotensin IV Arg Val - Tyr - Ile - His - Pro-Phe Angiotensin IV is a hexapeptide that, like angiotensin III, has some lesser activity. Effects See also Renin - angiotensin system # Effects Angiotensins II, III and IV have a number of effects throughout the body : Adipic Angiotensins `` modulate fat mass expansion through upregulation of adipose tissue lipogenesis... and downregulation of lipolysis '' Cardiovascular They are potent direct vasoconstrictors, constricting arteries and veins and increasing blood pressure. This effect is achieved through activation of the GPCR AT1, which signals through a Gq protein to activate Phospholipase C, and subsequently increase intracellular calcium. Angiotensin II has prothrombotic potential through adhesion and aggregation of platelets and stimulation of PAI - 1 and PAI - 2. When cardiac cell growth is stimulated, a local ( autocrine - paracrine ) renin - angiotensin system is activated in the cardiac myocyte, which stimulates cardiac cell growth through protein kinase C. The same system can be activated in smooth muscle cells in conditions of hypertension, atherosclerosis, or endothelial damage. Angiotensin II is the most important Gq stimulator of the heart during hypertrophy, compared to endothelin - 1 and α1 adrenoreceptors. Neural Angiotensin II increases thirst sensation ( dipsogen ) through the subfornical organ of the brain, decreases the response of the baroreceptor reflex, and increases the desire for salt. It increases secretion of ADH in the posterior pituitary and secretion of ACTH in the anterior pituitary. It also potentiates the release of norepinephrine by direct action on postganglionic sympathetic fibers. Adrenal Angiotensin II acts on the adrenal cortex, causing it to release aldosterone, a hormone that causes the kidneys to retain sodium and lose potassium. Elevated plasma angiotensin II levels are responsible for the elevated aldosterone levels present during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. Renal Angiotensin II has a direct effect on the proximal tubules to increase Na reabsorption. It has a complex and variable effect on glomerular filtration and renal blood flow depending on the setting. Increases in systemic blood pressure will maintain renal perfusion pressure ; however, constriction of the afferent and efferent glomerular arterioles will tend to restrict renal blood flow. The effect on the efferent arteriolar resistance is, however, markedly greater, in part due to its smaller basal diameter ; this tends to increase glomerular capillary hydrostatic pressure and maintain glomerular filtration rate. A number of other mechanisms can affect renal blood flow and GFR. High concentrations of Angiotensin II can constrict the glomerular mesangium, reducing the area for glomerular filtration. Angiotensin II is a sensitizer to tubuloglomerular feedback, preventing an excessive rise in GFR. Angiotensin II causes the local release of prostaglandins, which, in turn, antagonize renal vasoconstriction. The net effect of these competing mechanisms on glomerular filtration will vary with the physiological and pharmacological environment. Direct Renal effects of angiotensin II ( not including aldosterone release ) Target Action Mechanism renal artery & afferent arterioles vasoconstriction ( weaker ) VDCCs → Ca influx efferent arteriole vasoconstriction ( stronger ) ( probably ) activate Angiotensin receptor 1 → Activation of G → ↑ PLC activity → ↑ IP and DAG → activation of IP receptor in SR → ↑ intracellular Ca mesangial cells contraction → ↓ filtration area activation of G → ↑ PLC activity → ↑ IP and DAG → activation of IP receptor in SR → ↑ intracellular Ca VDCCs → Ca influx proximal tubule increased Na reabsorption adjustment of Starling forces in peritubular capillaries to favour increased reabsorption efferent and afferent arteriole contraction → decreased hydrostatic pressure in peritubular capillaries efferent arteriole contraction → increased filtration fraction → increased colloid osmotic pressure in peritubular capillaries increased sodium -- hydrogen antiporter activity tubuloglomerular feedback increased sensitivity increase in afferent arteriole responsiveness to signals from macula densa medullary blood flow reduction See also ACE inhibitor Angiotensin receptor Angiotensin II receptor antagonist Captopril Perindopril Renin inhibitor References ^ Jump up to : GRCh38 : Ensembl release 89 : ENSG00000135744 - Ensembl, May 2017 ^ Jump up to : GRCm38 : Ensembl release 89 : ENSMUSG00000031980 - Ensembl, May 2017 Jump up ^ `` Human PubMed Reference : ''. Jump up ^ `` Mouse PubMed Reference : ''. Jump up ^ Basso N, Terragno NA ( Dec 2001 ). `` History about the discovery of the renin - angiotensin system ''. Hypertension. 38 ( 6 ) : 1246 -- 9. doi : 10.1161 / hy1201. 101214. PMID 11751697. Jump up ^ `` JAMA Article Jan 2012 ''. Jump up ^ Williams GH, Dluhy RG ( 2008 ). `` Chapter 336 : Disorders of the Adrenal Cortex ''. In Loscalzo J, Fauci AS, Braunwald E, Kasper DL, Hauser SL, Longo DL. Harrison 's principles of internal medicine. McGraw - Hill Medical. ISBN 0 - 07 - 146633 - 9. Jump up ^ Skott O, Briggs JP ( 1987 ). `` Direct demonstration of macula densa - mediated renin secretion ''. Science. 237 : 1618 -- 1620. doi : 10.1126 / science. 3306925. Jump up ^ Kirchner K.A., Kotchen T.A., Galla J.H., and Luke R.G. : Importance of chloride for acute inhibition of renin by sodium chloride. Am J Physiol 1978 ; 235 : pp. F444 - 450 Jump up ^ Kim S.M., Mizel D., Huang Y.G., Briggs J.P., and Schnermann J. : Adenosine as a mediator of macula densa - dependent inhibition of renin secretion. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2006 ; 290 : pp. F1016 - 1023 Jump up ^ `` Function of the Juxtaglomerular Apparatus : Control of Glomerular Hemodynamics and Renin Secretion '' Jürgen B. Schnermann and Hayo Castrop, in Seldin and Giebisch 's The Kidney, Chapter 23, 757 - 801 Jump up ^ Le, Tao ( 2012 ). First Aid for the Basic Sciences. Organ Systems. McGraw - Hill. p. 625. Jump up ^ Yvan - Charvet L, Quignard - Boulangé A ( Jan 2011 ). `` Role of adipose tissue renin - angiotensin system in metabolic and inflammatory diseases associated with obesity ''. Kidney International. 79 ( 2 ) : 162 -- 8. doi : 10.1038 / ki. 2010.391. PMID 20944545. Jump up ^ Kanaide, Hideo ; Ichiki, Toshihiro ; Nishimura, Junji ; Hirano, Katsuya ( 2003 - 11 - 28 ). `` Cellular Mechanism of Vasoconstriction Induced by Angiotensin II It Remains To Be Determined ''. Circulation Research. 93 ( 11 ) : 1015 -- 1017. doi : 10.1161 / 01. RES. 0000105920.33926. 60. ISSN 0009 - 7330. PMID 14645130. Jump up ^ Skurk T, Lee YM, Hauner H ( May 2001 ). `` Angiotensin II and its metabolites stimulate PAI - 1 protein release from human adipocytes in primary culture ''. Hypertension. 37 ( 5 ) : 1336 -- 40. doi : 10.1161 / 01. HYP. 37.5. 1336. PMID 11358950. Jump up ^ Gesualdo L, Ranieri E, Monno R, Rossiello MR, Colucci M, Semeraro N, Grandaliano G, Schena FP, Ursi M, Cerullo G ( Aug 1999 ). `` Angiotensin IV stimulates plasminogen activator inhibitor - 1 expression in proximal tubular epithelial cells ''. Kidney International. 56 ( 2 ) : 461 -- 70. doi : 10.1046 / j. 1523 - 1755.1999. 00578. x. PMID 10432384. Jump up ^ Boulpaep EL, Boron WF ( 2005 ). Medical Physiology : a Cellular and Molecular Approach. St. Louis, Mo : Elsevier Saunders. p. 771. ISBN 1 - 4160 - 2328 - 3. Further reading de Gasparo M, Catt KJ, Inagami T, Wright JW, Unger T ( Sep 2000 ). `` International union of pharmacology. XXIII. The angiotensin II receptors ''. Pharmacological Reviews. 52 ( 3 ) : 415 -- 472. PMID 10977869. Brenner & Rector 's The Kidney, 7th ed., Saunders, 2004. Mosby 's Medical Dictionary, 3rd Ed., CV Mosby Company, 1990. Review of Medical Physiology, 20th Ed., William F. Ganong, McGraw - Hill, 2001. Clinical Physiology of Acid - Base and Electrolyte Disorders, 5th ed., Burton David Rose & Theodore W. Post McGraw - Hill, 2001 Lees KR, MacFadyen RJ, Doig JK, Reid JL ( Aug 1993 ). `` Role of angiotensin in the extravascular system ''. Journal of Human Hypertension. 7 Suppl 2 : S7 -- 12. PMID 8230088. Weir MR, Dzau VJ ( Dec 1999 ). `` The renin - angiotensin - aldosterone system : a specific target for hypertension management ''. American Journal of Hypertension. 12 ( 12 Pt 3 ) : 205S -- 213S. doi : 10.1016 / S0895 - 7061 ( 99 ) 00103 - X. PMID 10619573. Berry C, Touyz R, Dominiczak AF, Webb RC, Johns DG ( Dec 2001 ). `` Angiotensin receptors : signaling, vascular pathophysiology, and interactions with ceramide ''. American Journal of Physiology. Heart and Circulatory Physiology. 281 ( 6 ) : H2337 -- 65. PMID 11709400. Sernia C ( Jan 2001 ). `` A critical appraisal of the intrinsic pancreatic angiotensin - generating system ''. JOP : Journal of the Pancreas. 2 ( 1 ) : 50 -- 5. PMID 11862023. Varagic J, Frohlich ED ( Nov 2002 ). `` Local cardiac renin - angiotensin system : hypertension and cardiac failure ''. Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology. 34 ( 11 ) : 1435 -- 42. doi : 10.1006 / jmcc. 2002.2075. PMID 12431442. Wolf G ( 2006 ). `` Role of reactive oxygen species in angiotensin II - mediated renal growth, differentiation, and apoptosis ''. Antioxidants & Redox Signaling. 7 ( 9 -- 10 ) : 1337 -- 45. doi : 10.1089 / ars. 2005.7. 1337. PMID 16115039. Cazaubon S, Deshayes F, Couraud PO, Nahmias C ( Apr 2006 ). `` ( Endothelin - 1, angiotensin II and cancer ) ''. Médecine Sciences : M / S. 22 ( 4 ) : 416 -- 22. doi : 10.1051 / medsci / 2006224416. PMID 16597412. Ariza AC, Bobadilla NA, Halhali A ( 2007 ). `` ( Endothelin 1 and angiotensin II in preeeclampsia ) ''. Revista De Investigación Clínica ; Organo Del Hospital De Enfermedades De La Nutrición. 59 ( 1 ) : 48 -- 56. PMID 17569300. External links Wikimedia Commons has media related to Angiotensin. The MEROPS online database for peptidases and their inhibitors : I04. 953 Angiotensins at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings ( MeSH ) Human AGT genome location and AGT gene details page in the UCSC Genome Browser. Physiology of the cardiovascular system Heart Cardiac output Cardiac cycle Cardiac output Heart rate Stroke volume Stroke volume End - diastolic volume End - systolic volume Afterload Preload Frank -- Starling law Cardiac function curve Venous return curve Wiggers diagram Pressure volume diagram Ultrasound Fractional shortening = ( End - diastolic dimension End - systolic dimension ) / End - diastolic dimension Aortic valve area calculation Ejection fraction Cardiac index Heart rate Cardiac pacemaker Chronotropic ( Heart rate ) Dromotropic ( Conduction velocity ) Inotropic ( Contractility ) Bathmotropic ( Excitability ) Lusitropic ( Relaxation ) Conduction Conduction system Cardiac electrophysiology Action potential cardiac atrial ventricular Effective refractory period Pacemaker potential Electrocardiography P wave PR interval QRS complex QT interval ST segment T wave U wave Hexaxial reference system Chamber pressure Central venous Right atrial ventricular pulmonary artery wedge Left atrial ventricular Aortic Other Ventricular remodeling Vascular system / Hemodynamics Blood flow Compliance Vascular resistance Pulse Perfusion Blood pressure Pulse pressure Systolic Diastolic Mean arterial pressure Jugular venous pressure Portal venous pressure Regulation of BP Baroreflex Kinin -- kallikrein system Renin -- angiotensin system Vasoconstrictors Vasodilators Autoregulation Myogenic mechanism Tubuloglomerular feedback Cerebral autoregulation Paraganglia Aortic body Carotid body Glomus cell Peptides : neuropeptides Hormones see hormones Opioid peptides Dynorphins Dynorphin A Dynorphin A Dynorphin B Big dynorphin Leumorphin α - Neoendorphin β - Neoendorphin Endomorphins Endomorphin - 1 Endomorphin - 2 Endorphins α - Endorphin β - Endorphin γ - Endorphin Enkephalins Met - enkephalin Leu - enkephalin Others Adrenorphin Amidorphin Hemorphin Hemorphin - 4 Nociceptin Opiorphin Spinorphin Valorphin Other neuropeptides Kinins Bradykinins Tachykinins : mammal Substance P Neurokinin A Neurokinin B amphibian Kassinin Physalaemin Neuromedins U Orexins Other Angiotensin Bombesin Calcitonin gene - related peptide Carnosine Cocaine - and amphetamine - regulated transcript Delta sleep - inducing peptide FMRFamide Galanin Galanin - like peptide Gastrin releasing peptide Ghrelin Neuropeptide AF Neuropeptide FF Neuropeptide SF Neuropeptide VF Neuropeptide S Neuropeptide Y Neurophysins Neurotensin Pancreatic polypeptide Pituitary adenylate cyclase activating peptide RVD - Hpα VGF Autacoids Kinins Kininogen ( HMWK, LMWK ) Bradykinin Kallidin Tachykinins Urotensin - II Others Angiotensin Eicosanoid Histamine Platelet - activating factor Serotonin Angiotensin receptor modulators ATR Agonists : Angiotensin II Angiotensin III Angiotensin IV Saralasin Antagonists : Abitesartan Azilsartan Azilsartan medoxomil Candesartan Elisartan Embusartan Eprosartan EXP - 3174 Fimasartan Forasartan Irbesartan Losartan Milfasartan Olmesartan Olmesartan medoxomil Olodanrigan PD123319 Pomisartan Pratosartan Ripisartan Saprisartan Sparsentan Tasosartan Telmisartan Valsartan Zolasartan ACE inhibitors : Alacepril Benazepril Captopril Cilazapril Delapril Enalapril Enalaprilat Fosinopril Gemopatrilat Imidapril Lisinopril Moexipril Omapatrilat Perindopril Quinapril Quinaprilat Ramipril Rentiapril Rescinnamine Spirapril Spiraprilat Temocapril Trandolapril Zofenopril Zofenoprilat Renin inhibitors : Aliskiren Ciprokiren Ditekiren Enalkiren Pepstatin Remikiren Terlakiren Zankiren Propeptides : Angiotensinogen Angiotensin I See also Receptor / signaling modulators Signaling peptide / protein receptor modulators Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Angiotensin&oldid=818710535 '' Categories : Genes on human chromosome 1 Peptide hormones Angiology Endocrinology Hypertension Hidden categories : Articles needing additional references from March 2012 All articles needing additional references All articles with unsourced statements Articles with unsourced statements from March 2012 Articles with unsourced statements from November 2017 Talk Contents About Wikipedia Български Català Čeština Deutsch ދިވެހިބަސް Español فارسی Français Galego 한국어 Hrvatski Bahasa Indonesia Íslenska Italiano עברית Magyar Македонски Nederlands 日本 語 Norsk Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча Polski Português Română Русский Slovenščina Српски / srpski Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски Suomi Svenska Türkçe Українська Tiếng Việt 中文 Edit links This page was last edited on 5 January 2018, at 03 : 51. 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Question: where is angiotensin 1 converted to angiotensin 2
Answer: lung