Google - Wikipedia Google This article is about the company. For the search engine, see Google Search. For other uses, see Google ( disambiguation ). Not to be confused with Googol. Google LLC Google 's logo since 2015 Google 's headquarters, the Googleplex, in August 2014 Formerly called Google Inc. ( 1998 -- 2017 ) Type Subsidiary Industry Internet Software Computer hardware Founded September 4, 1998 ; 19 years ago ( 1998 - 09 - 04 ) in Menlo Park, California, U.S. Founders Larry Page Sergey Brin Headquarters Googleplex, Mountain View, California, U.S. Area served Worldwide Key people Sundar Pichai ( CEO ) Ruth Porat ( CFO ) Products List of Google products Number of employees 73,992 ( 2017 ) Parent Alphabet Inc. ( 2015 -- present ) Subsidiaries List of subsidiaries Website google.com Google LLC is an American multinational technology company that specializes in Internet - related services and products. These include online advertising technologies, search, cloud computing, software, and hardware. Google was founded in 1998 by Larry Page and Sergey Brin while they were Ph. D. students at Stanford University, in California. Together, they own about 14 percent of its shares, and control 56 percent of the stockholder voting power through supervoting stock. They incorporated Google as a privately held company on September 4, 1998. An initial public offering ( IPO ) took place on August 19, 2004, and Google moved to its new headquarters in Mountain View, California, nicknamed the Googleplex. In August 2015, Google announced plans to reorganize its various interests as a conglomerate called Alphabet Inc. Google, Alphabet 's leading subsidiary, will continue to be the umbrella company for Alphabet 's Internet interests. Upon completion of the restructure, Sundar Pichai was appointed CEO of Google ; he replaced Larry Page, who became CEO of Alphabet. The company 's rapid growth since incorporation has triggered a chain of products, acquisitions, and partnerships beyond Google 's core search engine ( Google Search ). It offers services designed for work and productivity ( Google Docs, Sheets, and Slides ), email ( Gmail / Inbox ), scheduling and time management ( Google Calendar ), cloud storage ( Google Drive ), social networking ( Google+ ), instant messaging and video chat ( Google Allo / Duo / Hangouts ), language translation ( Google Translate ), mapping and turn - by - turn navigation ( Google Maps / Waze / Earth / Street View ), video sharing ( YouTube ), notetaking ( Google Keep ), and photo organizing and editing ( Google Photos ). The company leads the development of the Android mobile operating system, the Google Chrome web browser, and Chrome OS, a lightweight operating system based on the Chrome browser. Google has moved increasingly into hardware ; from 2010 to 2015, it partnered with major electronics manufacturers in the production of its Nexus devices, and in October 2016, it released multiple hardware products ( including the Google Pixel smartphone, Home smart speaker, Wifi mesh wireless router, and Daydream View virtual reality headset ). The new hardware chief, Rick Osterloh, stated : `` a lot of the innovation that we want to do now ends up requiring controlling the end - to - end user experience ''. Google has also experimented with becoming an Internet carrier. In February 2010, it announced Google Fiber, a fiber - optic infrastructure that was installed in Kansas City ; in April 2015, it launched Project Fi in the United States, combining Wi - Fi and cellular networks from different providers ; and in 2016, it announced the Google Station initiative to make public Wi - Fi available around the world, with initial deployment in India. Alexa, a company that monitors commercial web traffic, lists Google.com as the most visited website in the world. Several other Google services also figure in the top 100 most visited websites, including YouTube and Blogger. Google is the most valuable brand in the world as of 2017, but has received significant criticism involving issues such as privacy concerns, tax avoidance, antitrust, censorship, and search neutrality. Google 's mission statement, from the outset, was `` to organize the world 's information and make it universally accessible and useful '', and its unofficial slogan was `` Do n't be evil ''. In October 2015, the motto was replaced in the Alphabet corporate code of conduct by the phrase `` Do the right thing ''. Contents 1 History 1.1 Financing, 1998 and initial public offering, 2004 1.2 Growth 1.3 2013 onward 1.4 Acquisitions and partnerships 1.4. 1 2000 -- 2009 1.4. 2 2010 -- present 1.5 Google data centers 1.6 Alphabet 2 Products and services 2.1 Advertising 2.2 Search engine 2.3 Enterprise services 2.4 Consumer services 2.4. 1 Web - based services 2.4. 2 Software 2.4. 3 Hardware 2.5 Internet services 2.6 Other products 2.7 APIs 2.8 Other websites 3 Corporate affairs and culture 3.1 Employees 3.2 Office locations and headquarters 3.2. 1 Mountain View 3.2. 2 New York City 3.2. 3 Other U.S. cities 3.2. 4 International locations 3.3 Doodles 3.4 Easter eggs and April Fools ' Day jokes 3.5 Philanthropy 3.6 Tax avoidance 3.7 Environment 3.8 Lobbying 3.9 Litigation 4 Criticism and controversy 4.1 Legal Controversies 5 See also 6 References 7 Further reading 8 External links History Main article : History of Google Google 's original homepage had a simple design because the company founders had little experience in HTML, the markup language used for designing web pages. Google began in January 1996 as a research project by Larry Page and Sergey Brin when they were both PhD students at Stanford University in Stanford, California. While conventional search engines ranked results by counting how many times the search terms appeared on the page, the two theorized about a better system that analyzed the relationships among websites. They called this new technology PageRank ; it determined a website 's relevance by the number of pages, and the importance of those pages that linked back to the original site. Page and Brin originally nicknamed their new search engine `` BackRub '', because the system checked backlinks to estimate the importance of a site. Eventually, they changed the name to Google ; the name of the search engine originated from a misspelling of the word `` googol '', the number 1 followed by 100 zeros, which was picked to signify that the search engine was intended to provide large quantities of information. Originally, Google ran under Stanford University 's website, with the domains google.stanford.edu and z.stanford.edu. The domain name for Google was registered on September 15, 1997, and the company was incorporated on September 4, 1998. It was based in the garage of a friend ( Susan Wojcicki ) in Menlo Park, California. Craig Silverstein, a fellow PhD student at Stanford, was hired as the first employee. Financing, 1998 and initial public offering, 2004 Google 's first production server. Google was initially funded by an August 1998 contribution of $100,000 from Andy Bechtolsheim, co-founder of Sun Microsystems ; the money was given before Google was incorporated. Google received money from three other angel investors in 1998 : Amazon.com founder Jeff Bezos, Stanford University computer science professor David Cheriton, and entrepreneur Ram Shriram. After some additional, small investments through the end of 1998 to early 1999, a new $25 million round of funding was announced on June 7, 1999, with major investors including the venture capital firms Kleiner Perkins Caufield & Byers and Sequoia Capital. Early in 1999, Brin and Page decided they wanted to sell Google to Excite. They went to Excite CEO George Bell and offered to sell it to him for $1 million. He rejected the offer. Vinod Khosla, one of Excite 's venture capitalists, talked the duo down to $750,000, but Bell still rejected it. Google 's initial public offering ( IPO ) took place five years later, on August 19, 2004. At that time Larry Page, Sergey Brin, and Eric Schmidt agreed to work together at Google for 20 years, until the year 2024. At IPO, the company offered 19,605,052 shares at a price of $85 per share. Shares were sold in an online auction format using a system built by Morgan Stanley and Credit Suisse, underwriters for the deal. The sale of $1.67 bn ( billion ) gave Google a market capitalization of more than $23 bn. By January 2014, its market capitalization had grown to $397 bn. The vast majority of the 271 million shares remained under the control of Google, and many Google employees became instant paper millionaires. Yahoo !, a competitor of Google, also benefitted because it owned 8.4 million shares of Google before the IPO took place. There were concerns that Google 's IPO would lead to changes in company culture. Reasons ranged from shareholder pressure for employee benefit reductions to the fact that many company executives would become instant paper millionaires. As a reply to this concern, co-founders Brin and Page promised in a report to potential investors that the IPO would not change the company 's culture. In 2005, articles in The New York Times and other sources began suggesting that Google had lost its anti-corporate, no evil philosophy. In an effort to maintain the company 's unique culture, Google designated a Chief Culture Officer, who also serves as the Director of Human Resources. The purpose of the Chief Culture Officer is to develop and maintain the culture and work on ways to keep true to the core values that the company was founded on : a flat organization with a collaborative environment. Google has also faced allegations of sexism and ageism from former employees. In 2013, a class action against several Silicon Valley companies, including Google, was filed for alleged `` no cold call '' agreements which restrained the recruitment of high - tech employees. The stock performed well after the IPO, with shares hitting $350 for the first time on October 31, 2007, primarily because of strong sales and earnings in the online advertising market. The surge in stock price was fueled mainly by individual investors, as opposed to large institutional investors and mutual funds. GOOG shares split into GOOG class C shares and GOOGL class A shares. The company is listed on the NASDAQ stock exchange under the ticker symbols GOOGL and GOOG, and on the Frankfurt Stock Exchange under the ticker symbol GGQ1. These ticker symbols now refer to Alphabet Inc., Google 's holding company, since the fourth quarter of 2015. Growth In March 1999, the company moved its offices to Palo Alto, California, which is home to several prominent Silicon Valley technology start - ups. The next year, Google began selling advertisements associated with search keywords against Page and Brin 's initial opposition toward an advertising - funded search engine. In order to maintain an uncluttered page design, advertisements were solely text - based. This model of selling keyword advertising was first pioneered by Goto.com, an Idealab spin - off created by Bill Gross. When the company changed names to Overture Services, it sued Google over alleged infringements of the company 's pay - per - click and bidding patents. Overture Services would later be bought by Yahoo ! and renamed Yahoo ! Search Marketing. The case was then settled out of court ; Google agreed to issue shares of common stock to Yahoo ! in exchange for a perpetual license. In 2001, Google received a patent for its PageRank mechanism. The patent was officially assigned to Stanford University and lists Lawrence Page as the inventor. In 2003, after outgrowing two other locations, the company leased an office complex from Silicon Graphics, at 1600 Amphitheatre Parkway in Mountain View, California. The complex became known as the Googleplex, a play on the word googolplex, the number one followed by a googol zeroes. The Googleplex interiors were designed by Clive Wilkinson Architects. Three years later, Google bought the property from SGI for $319 million. By that time, the name `` Google '' had found its way into everyday language, causing the verb `` google '' to be added to the Merriam - Webster Collegiate Dictionary and the Oxford English Dictionary, denoted as : `` to use the Google search engine to obtain information on the Internet ''. The first use of `` Google '' as a verb in pop culture happened on the TV series Buffy the Vampire Slayer, in 2002. In 2005, The Washington Post reported on a 700 percent increase in third - quarter profit for Google, largely thanks to large companies shifting their advertising strategies from newspapers, magazines, and television to the Internet. In January 2008, all the data that passed through Google 's MapReduce software component had an aggregated size of 20 petabytes per day. In 2009, a CNN report about top political searches of 2009 noted that `` more than a billion searches '' are being typed into Google on a daily basis. In May 2011, the number of monthly unique visitors to Google surpassed one billion for the first time, an 8.4 percent increase from May 2010 ( 931 million ). The year 2012 was the first time that Google generated $50 billion in annual revenue, which topped the $38 billion that was generated the previous year. In January 2013, then - CEO Larry Page commented, `` We ended 2012 with a strong quarter... Revenues were up 36 % year - on - year, and 8 % quarter - on - quarter. And we hit $50 billion in revenues for the first time last year -- not a bad achievement in just a decade and a half. '' 2013 onward Screenshot of the Google homepage in 2015 Google announced the launch of a new company, called Calico, on September 19, 2013, to be led by Apple, Inc. chairman Arthur Levinson. In the official public statement, Page explained that the `` health and well - being '' company would focus on `` the challenge of ageing and associated diseases ''. Google celebrated its 15 - year anniversary on September 27, 2013, and in 2016 it celebrated its 18th birthday with an animated Doodle shown on web browsers around the world. although it has used other dates for its official birthday. The reason for the choice of September 27 remains unclear, and a dispute with rival search engine Yahoo ! Search in 2005 has been suggested as the cause. The Alliance for Affordable Internet ( A4AI ) was launched in October 2013 ; Google is part of the coalition of public and private organizations that also includes Facebook, Intel, and Microsoft. Led by Sir Tim Berners - Lee, the A4AI seeks to make Internet access more affordable so that access is broadened in the developing world, where only 31 % of people are online. Google will help to decrease Internet access prices so they fall below the UN Broadband Commission 's worldwide target of 5 % of monthly income. The corporation 's consolidated revenue for the third quarter of 2013 was reported in mid-October 2013 as $14.89 billion, a 12 percent increase compared to the previous quarter. Google 's Internet business was responsible for $10.8 billion of this total, with an increase in the number of users ' clicks on advertisements. According to Interbrand 's annual Best Global Brands report, Google has been the second most valuable brand in the world ( behind Apple Inc. ) in 2013, 2014, 2015, and 2016, with a valuation of $133 billion. In September 2015, Google engineering manager Rachel Potvin revealed details about Google 's software code at an engineering conference. She revealed that the entire Google codebase, which spans every single service it develops, consists of over 2 billion lines of code. All that code is stored on a code repository available to all 25,000 Google engineers, and the code is regularly copied and updated on 10 Google data centers. To keep control, Potvin said Google has built its own `` version control system '', called `` Piper '', and that `` when you start a new project, you have a wealth of libraries already available to you. Almost everything has already been done. '' Engineers can make a single code change and deploy it on all services at the same time. The only major exceptions are that the PageRank search results algorithm is stored separately with only specific employee access, and the code for the Android operating system and the Google Chrome browser are also stored separately, as they do n't run on the Internet. The `` Piper '' system spans 85 TB of data. Google engineers make 25,000 changes to the code each day, and on a weekly basis change approximately 15 million lines of code across 250,000 files. With that much code, automated bots have to help. Potvin reported, `` You need to make a concerted effort to maintain code health. And this is not just humans maintaining code health, but robots too. '' Bots are n't writing code, but generating a lot of the data and configuration files needed to run the company 's software. `` Not only is the size of the repository increasing, '' Potvin explained, `` but the rate of change is also increasing. This is an exponential curve. '' As of October 2016, Google operates 70 offices in more than 40 countries. Alexa, a company that monitors commercial web traffic, lists Google.com as the most visited website in the world. Several other Google services also figure in the top 100 most visited websites, including YouTube and Blogger. Acquisitions and partnerships Main article : List of mergers and acquisitions by Alphabet Larry Page and Sergey Brin in 2003 2000 -- 2009 In 2001, Google acquired Deja News, the operators of a large archive of materials from Usenet. Google rebranded the archive as Google Groups, and by the end of the year, it had expanded the history back to 1981. In April 2003, Google acquired Applied Semantics, a company specializing in making software applications for the online advertising space. The AdSense contextual advertising technology developed by Applied Semantics was adopted into Google 's advertising efforts. In 2004, Google acquired Keyhole, Inc. Keyhole 's eponymous product was later renamed Google Earth. In 2005. Google acquired Urchin Software in April 2005, using their Urchin on Demand product ( along with ideas from Adaptive Path 's Measure Map ) to create Google Analytics in 2006. In October 2006, Google announced that it had acquired the video - sharing site YouTube for $1.65 billion in Google stock, and the deal was finalized on November 13, 2006. On April 13, 2007, Google reached an agreement to acquire DoubleClick for $3.1 billion, transferring to Google valuable relationships that DoubleClick had with Web publishers and advertising agencies. The deal was approved despite anti-trust concerns raised by competitors Microsoft and AT&T. In addition to the many companies Google has purchased, the firm has partnered with other organizations for research, advertising, and other activities. In 2005, Google partnered with NASA Ames Research Center to build 1,000,000 square feet ( 93,000 m ) of offices. In 2005 Google partnered with AOL to enhance each other 's video search services. In 2006 Google and Fox Interactive Media of News Corporation entered into a $900 million agreement to provide search and advertising on the then - popular social networking site MySpace. In 2007, Google began sponsoring NORAD Tracks Santa, displacing the former sponsor AOL. NORAD Tracks Santa purports to follow Santa Claus ' progress on Christmas Eve, using Google Earth to `` track Santa '' in 3 - D for the first time. In 2008, Google developed a partnership with GeoEye to launch a satellite providing Google with high - resolution ( 0.41 m monochrome, 1.65 m color ) imagery for Google Earth. The satellite was launched from Vandenberg Air Force Base on September 6, 2008. Google also announced in 2008 that it was hosting an archive of Life Magazine 's photographs. 2010 -- present In 2010, Google Energy made its first investment in a renewable energy project, putting $38.8 million into two wind farms in North Dakota. The company announced the two locations will generate 169.5 megawatts of power, enough to supply 55,000 homes. The farms, which were developed by NextEra Energy Resources, will reduce fossil fuel use in the region and return profits. NextEra Energy Resources sold Google a twenty - percent stake in the project to get funding for its development. In February 2010, the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission FERC granted Google an authorization to buy and sell energy at market rates. The order specifically states that Google Energy -- a subsidiary of Google -- holds the rights `` for the sale of energy, capacity, and ancillary services at market - based rates '', but acknowledges that neither Google Energy nor its affiliates `` own or control any generation or transmission '' facilities. The corporation exercised this authorization in September 2013 when it announced it would purchase all the electricity produced by the not - yet - built 240 - megawatt Happy Hereford wind farm. Also in 2010, Google purchased Global IP Solutions, a Norway - based company that provides web - based teleconferencing and other related services. This acquisition enabled Google to add telephone - style services to its list of products. On May 27, 2010, Google announced it had also closed the acquisition of the mobile ad network AdMob. This occurred days after the Federal Trade Commission closed its investigation into the purchase. Google acquired the company for an undisclosed amount. In July 2010, Google signed an agreement with an Iowa wind farm to buy 114 megawatts of energy for 20 years. On April 4, 2011, The Globe and Mail reported that Google bid $900 million for 6000 Nortel Networks patents. On August 15, 2011, Google made its largest - ever acquisition to - date when it announced that it would acquire Motorola Mobility for $12.5 billion subject to approval from regulators in the United States and Europe. In a post on Google 's blog, Google Chief Executive and co-founder Larry Page revealed that the acquisition was a strategic move to strengthen Google 's patent portfolio. The company 's Android operating system has come under fire in an industry - wide patent battle, as Apple and Microsoft have sued Android device makers such as HTC, Samsung, and Motorola. The merger was completed on May 22, 2012, after the approval of People 's Republic of China. This purchase was made in part to help Google gain Motorola 's considerable patent portfolio on mobile phones and wireless technologies, to help protect Google in its ongoing patent disputes with other companies, mainly Apple and Microsoft, and to allow it to continue to freely offer Android. After the acquisition closed, Google began to restructure the Motorola business to fit Google 's strategy. On August 13, 2012, Google announced plans to lay off 4000 Motorola Mobility employees. On December 10, 2012, Google sold the manufacturing operations of Motorola Mobility to Flextronics for $75 million. As a part of the agreement, Flextronics will manufacture undisclosed Android and other mobile devices. On December 19, 2012, Google sold the Motorola Home business division of Motorola Mobility to Arris Group for $2.35 billion in a cash - and - stock transaction. As a part of this deal, Google acquired a 15.7 % stake in Arris Group valued at $300 million. In June 2013, Google acquired Waze, a $966 million deal. While Waze would remain an independent entity, its social features, such as its crowdsourced location platform, were reportedly valuable integrations between Waze and Google Maps, Google 's own mapping service. On January 26, 2014, Google announced it had agreed to acquire DeepMind Technologies, a privately held artificial intelligence company from London. DeepMind describes itself as having the ability to combine the best techniques from machine learning and systems neuroscience to build general - purpose learning algorithms. DeepMind 's first commercial applications were used in simulations, e-commerce and games. As of December 2013, it was reported that DeepMind had roughly 75 employees. Technology news website Recode reported that the company was purchased for $400 million though it was not disclosed where the information came from. A Google spokesman would not comment of the price. The purchase of DeepMind aids in Google 's recent growth in the artificial intelligence and robotics community. On January 29, 2014, Google announced that it would divest Motorola Mobility to Lenovo for $2.91 billion, a fraction of the original $12.5 billion price paid by Google to acquire the company. Google retained all but 2000 of Motorola 's patents and entered into cross-licensing deals. On September 21, 2017, HTC announced a `` cooperation agreement '' in which it would sell non-exclusive rights to certain intellectual property, as well as smartphone talent, to Google for $1.1 billion. Google data centers As of 2016, Google owned and operated nine data centers across North and South America, two in Asia, and four in Europe. In 2011, the company had announced plans to build three data centers at a cost of more than $200 million in Asia ( Singapore, Hong Kong and Taiwan ) and said they would be operational within two years. In December 2013, Google announced that it had scrapped the plan to build a data center in Hong Kong. In October 2013, The Washington Post reported that the U.S. National Security Agency intercepted communications between Google 's data centers, as part of a program named MUSCULAR. This wiretapping was made possible because Google did not encrypt data passed inside its own network. Google began encrypting data sent between data centers in 2013. Google 's most efficient data center runs at 95 ° F ( 35 ° C ) using only fresh air cooling, requiring no electrically powered air conditioning ; the servers run so hot that humans can not go near them for extended periods. An August 2011 report estimated that Google had about 900,000 servers in their data centers, based on energy usage. The report does state that `` Google never says how many servers are running in its data centers. '' In December 2016, Google announced that starting in 2017, it will power all of its data centers, as well as all of its offices, from 100 % renewable energy. The commitment will make Google `` the world 's largest corporate buyer of renewable power, with commitments reaching 2.6 gigawatts ( 2,600 megawatts ) of wind and solar energy ''. Google also stated that it does not count that as its final goal ; it says that `` since the wind does n't blow 24 hours a day, we 'll also broaden our purchases to a variety of energy sources that can enable renewable power, every hour of every day ''. Additionally, the project will `` help support communities '' around the world, as the purchase commitments will `` result in infrastructure investments of more than $3.5 billion globally '', and will `` generate tens of millions of dollars per year in revenue to local property owners, and tens of millions more to local and national governments in tax revenue ''. Alphabet Main article : Alphabet Inc. On August 10, 2015, Google announced plans to reorganize its various interests as a conglomerate called Alphabet. Google became Alphabet 's leading subsidiary, and will continue to be the umbrella company for Alphabet 's Internet interests. Upon completion of the restructure, Sundar Pichai became CEO of Google, replacing Larry Page, who became CEO of Alphabet. On September 1, 2017, Google Inc. announced its plans of restructuring as a limited liability company, Google LLC, as a wholly owned subsidiary of XXVI Holdings Inc., which is formed as a subsidiary of Alphabet Inc. to hold the equity of its other subsidiaries, including Google LLC and other bets... Products and services See also : List of Google products Advertising Google on ad - tech London, 2010 For the 2006 fiscal year, the company reported $10.492 billion in total advertising revenues and only $112 million in licensing and other revenues. In 2011, 96 % of Google 's revenue was derived from its advertising programs. In addition to its own algorithms for understanding search requests, Google uses technology from the company DoubleClick, to project user interest and target advertising to the search context and the user history. In 2007, Google launched `` AdSense for Mobile '', taking advantage of the emerging mobile advertising market. Google Analytics allows website owners to track where and how people use their website, for example by examining click rates for all the links on a page. Google advertisements can be placed on third - party websites in a two - part program. Google 's AdWords allows advertisers to display their advertisements in the Google content network, through a cost - per - click scheme. The sister service, Google AdSense, allows website owners to display these advertisements on their website and earn money every time ads are clicked. One of the criticisms of this program is the possibility of click fraud, which occurs when a person or automated script clicks on advertisements without being interested in the product, causing the advertiser to pay money to Google unduly. Industry reports in 2006 claimed that approximately 14 to 20 percent of clicks were fraudulent or invalid. In February 2003, Google stopped showing the advertisements of Oceana, a non-profit organization protesting a major cruise ship 's sewage treatment practices. Google cited its editorial policy at the time, stating `` Google does not accept advertising if the ad or site advocates against other individuals, groups, or organizations. '' In June 2008, Google reached an advertising agreement with Yahoo !, which would have allowed Yahoo ! to feature Google advertisements on its web pages. The alliance between the two companies was never completely realized because of antitrust concerns by the U.S. Department of Justice. As a result, Google pulled out of the deal in November 2008. Search engine Main articles : Google Search and Google Images Google Search homepage as of December 2, 2016 According to market research published by comScore in November 2009, Google Search is the dominant search engine in the United States market, with a market share of 65.6 %. Google indexes billions of web pages, so that users can search for the information they desire through the use of keywords and operators. In 2003, The New York Times complained about Google 's indexing, claiming that Google 's caching of content on its site infringed its copyright for the content. In this case, the United States District Court of Nevada ruled in favor of Google in Field v. Google and Parker v. Google. The publication 2600 : The Hacker Quarterly has compiled a list of words that the web giant 's new instant search feature will not search. Google Watch has criticized Google 's PageRank algorithms, saying that they discriminate against new websites and favor established sites. Google also hosts Google Books. The company began scanning books and uploading limited previews, and full books were allowed, into its new book search engine. The Authors Guild, a group that represents 8,000 U.S. authors, filed a class action suit in a New York City federal court against Google in 2005 over this service. Google replied that it is in compliance with all existing and historical applications of copyright laws regarding books. Google eventually reached a revised settlement in 2009 to limit its scans to books from the U.S., the UK, Australia, and Canada. Furthermore, the Paris Civil Court ruled against Google in late 2009, asking it to remove the works of La Martinière ( Éditions du Seuil ) from its database. In competition with Amazon.com, Google sells digital versions of new books. On July 21, 2010, in response to Bing, Google updated its image search to display a streaming sequence of thumbnails that enlarge when pointed at. Though web searches still appear in a batch per page format, on July 23, 2010, dictionary definitions for certain English words began appearing above the linked results for web searches. The `` Hummingbird '' update to the Google search engine was announced in September 2013. The update was introduced over the month prior to the announcement and allows users ask the search engine a question in natural language rather than entering keywords into the search box. In August 2016, Google announced two major changes related to its mobile search results. The first, removing the `` mobile - friendly '' label that highlighted pages were easy to read on mobile from its mobile search results page. The second, on January 10, 2017, the company will start punishing mobile pages that show intrusive interstitials when a user first opens a page and they will rank lower in its search results. In May 2017, Google enabled a new `` Personal '' tab in Google Search, letting users search for content in their Google accounts ' various services, including email messages from Gmail and photos from Google Photos. Enterprise services Main article : G Suite G Suite is a monthly subscription offering for organizations and businesses to get access to a collection of Google 's services, including Gmail, Google Drive and Docs, Sheets, and Slides, with additional administrative tools, unique domain names, and 24 / 7 support. Google 's search appliance at the 2008 RSA Conference Google Search Appliance was launched in February 2002, targeted toward providing search technology for larger organizations. Google launched the Mini three years later, which was targeted at smaller organizations. Late in 2006, Google began to sell Custom Search Business Edition, providing customers with an advertising - free window into Google. com 's index. The service was renamed Google Site Search in 2008. Site Search customers were notified by email in late March 2017 that no new licenses for Site Search would be sold after April 1, 2017, but that customer and technical support would be provided for the duration of existing license agreements. On March 15, 2016, Google announced the introduction of Google Analytics 360 Suite, `` a set of integrated data and marketing analytics products, designed specifically for the needs of enterprise - class marketers. '' Among other things, the suite is designed to help `` enterprise class marketers '' `` see the complete customer journey '', generate `` useful insights '', and `` deliver engaging experiences to the right people ''. Jack Marshall of The Wall Street Journal wrote that the suite competes with existing marketing cloud offerings by companies including Adobe, Oracle, Salesforce, and IBM. Consumer services Web - based services Google offers Gmail, and the newer variant Inbox, for email, Google Calendar for time - management and scheduling, Google Maps for mapping, navigation and satellite imagery, Google Drive for cloud storage of files, Google Docs, Sheets and Slides for productivity, Google Photos for photo storage and sharing, Google Keep for note - taking, Google Translate for language translation, YouTube for video viewing and sharing, and Google+, Allo, and Duo for social interaction. Software Google develops the Android mobile operating system, as well as its smartwatch, television, car, and Internet of things - enabled smart devices variations. It also develops the Google Chrome web browser, and Chrome OS, an operating system based on Chrome. Hardware In January 2010, Google released Nexus One, the first Android phone under its own, `` Nexus '', brand. It spawned a number of phones and tablets under the `` Nexus '' branding until its eventual discontinuation in 2016, replaced by a new brand called, Pixel. In 2011, the Chromebook was introduced, described as a `` new kind of computer '' running Chrome OS. In July 2013, Google introduced the Chromecast dongle, that allows users to stream content from their smartphones to televisions. In June 2014, Google announced Google Cardboard, a simple cardboard viewer that lets user place their smartphone in a special front compartment to view virtual reality ( VR ) media. In April 2016, Recode reported that Google had hired Rick Osterloh, Motorola Mobility 's former President, to head Google 's new hardware division. In October 2016, Osterloh stated that `` a lot of the innovation that we want to do now ends up requiring controlling the end - to - end user experience '', and Google announced several hardware platforms : The Pixel and Pixel XL smartphones with the Google Assistant, a next - generation contextual voice assistant, built - in. Google Home, an Amazon Echo - like voice assistant placed in the house that can answer voice queries, play music, find information from apps ( calendar, weather etc. ), and control third - party smart home appliances ( users can tell it to turn on the lights, for example ). Daydream View virtual reality headset that lets Android users with compatible Daydream - ready smartphones put their phones in the headset and enjoy VR content. Google Wifi, a connected set of Wi - Fi routers to simplify and extend coverage of home Wi - Fi. Internet services In February 2010, Google announced the Google Fiber project, with experimental plans to build an ultra-high - speed broadband network for 50,000 to 500,000 customers in one or more American cities. Following Google 's corporate restructure to make Alphabet Inc. its parent company, Google Fiber was moved to Alphabet 's Access division. In April 2015, Google announced Project Fi, a mobile virtual network operator, that combines Wi - Fi and cellular networks from different telecommunication providers in an effort to enable seamless connectivity and fast Internet signal. In September 2016, Google began its Google Station initiative, a project for public Wi - Fi at railway stations in India. Caesar Sengupta, VP for Google 's next billion users, told The Verge that 15,000 people get online for the first time thanks to Google Station and that 3.5 million people use the service every month. The expansion meant that Google was looking for partners around the world to further develop the initiative, which promised `` high - quality, secure, easily accessible Wi - Fi ''. By December, Google Station had been deployed at 100 railway stations, and in February, Google announced its intention to expand beyond railway stations, with a plan to bring citywide Wi - Fi to Pune. Other products Google launched its Google News service in 2002, an automated service which summarizes news articles from various websites. In March 2005, Agence France Presse ( AFP ) sued Google for copyright infringement in federal court in the District of Columbia, a case which Google settled for an undisclosed amount in a pact that included a license of the full text of AFP articles for use on Google News. In May 2011, Google announced Google Wallet, a mobile application for wireless payments. In 2013, Google launched Google Shopping Express, a delivery service initially available only in San Francisco and Silicon Valley. Google Alerts is a content change detection and notification service, offered by the search engine company Google. The service sends emails to the user when it finds new results -- such as web pages, newspaper articles, or blogs -- that match the user 's search term. In July 2015 Google released DeepDream, an image recognition software capable of creating psychedelic images using a convolutional neural network. Google introduced its Family Link service in March 2017, letting parents buy Android Nougat - based Android devices for kids under 13 years of age and create a Google account through the app, with the parents controlling the apps installed, monitor the time spent using the device, and setting a `` Bedtime '' feature that remotely locks the device. In April 2017, Google launched AutoDraw, a web - based tool using artificial intelligence and machine learning to recognize users ' drawings and replace scribbles with related stock images that have been created by professional artists. The tool is built using the same technology as QuickDraw, an experimental game from Google 's Creative Lab where users were tasked with drawing objects that algorithms would recognize within 20 seconds. In May 2017, Google added `` Family Groups '' to several of its services. The feature, which lets users create a group consisting of their family members ' individual Google accounts, lets users add their `` Family Group '' as a collaborator to shared albums in Google Photos, shared notes in Google Keep, and common events in Google Calendar. At announcement, the feature is limited to Australia, Brazil, Canada, France, Germany, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Mexico, New Zealand, Russia, Spain, United Kingdom and United States. APIs Google APIs are a set of application programming interfaces ( APIs ) developed by Google which allow communication with Google Services and their integration to other services. Examples of these include Search, Gmail, Translate or Google Maps. Third - party apps can use these APIs to take advantage of or extend the functionality of the existing services. Other websites Google Developers is Google 's site for software development tools, APIs, and technical resources. The site contains documentation on using Google developer tools and APIs -- including discussion groups and blogs for developers using Google 's developer products. Google Labs was a page created by Google to demonstrate and test new projects. Google owns the top - level domain 1e100.net which is used for some servers within Google 's network. The name is a reference to the scientific E notation representation for 1 googol, 1E100 = 1 × 10. In March 2017, Google launched a new website, opensource.google.com, to publish its internal documentation for Google Open Source projects. In June 2017, Google launched `` We Wear Culture '', a searchable archive of 3,000 years of global fashion. The archive, a result of collaboration between Google and over 180 museums, schools, fashion institutes, and other organizations, also offers curated exhibits of specific fashion topics and their impact on society. Corporate affairs and culture Eric Schmidt Then - CEO, now Chairman of Google Eric Schmidt with cofounders Sergey Brin and Larry Page ( left to right ) in 2008. On Fortune magazine 's list of the best companies to work for, Google ranked first in 2007, 2008 and 2012 and fourth in 2009 and 2010. Google was also nominated in 2010 to be the world 's most attractive employer to graduating students in the Universum Communications talent attraction index. Google 's corporate philosophy includes principles such as `` you can make money without doing evil, '' `` you can be serious without a suit, '' and `` work should be challenging and the challenge should be fun. '' Employees As of the second quarter in 2015, Google has 57,100 employees. Google has released that 30 percent of their employees are female, and 70 percent are male. A March 2013 report detailed that it had 10,000 developers based in more than 40 offices. Google 's employees are hired based on a hierarchical system. Employees are split into six hierarchies based on experience and can range `` from entry - level data center workers at level one to managers and experienced engineers at level six. '' After the company 's IPO in 2004, founders Sergey Brin and Larry Page and CEO Eric Schmidt requested that their base salary be cut to $1. Subsequent offers by the company to increase their salaries were turned down, primarily because their main compensation continues to come from owning stock in Google. Before 2004, Schmidt made $250,000 per year, and Page and Brin each received an annual salary of $150,000. In March 2008, Sheryl Sandberg, then vice-president of global online sales and operations, began her position as chief operating officer of Facebook. In 2009, early employee Tim Armstrong left to become CEO of AOL. In July 2012, Google 's first female engineer, Marissa Mayer, left Google to become Yahoo ! 's CEO. In 2017 former Intel executive Diane Bryant became Chief Operating Officer of Google Cloud. New employees are called `` Nooglers, '' and are given a propeller beanie cap to wear on their first Friday. As a motivation technique, Google uses a policy often called Innovation Time Off, where Google engineers are encouraged to spend 20 % of their work time on projects that interest them. Some of Google 's services, such as Gmail, Google News, Orkut, and AdSense originated from these independent endeavors. In a talk at Stanford University, Marissa Mayer, Google 's Vice President of Search Products and User Experience until July 2012, showed that half of all new product launches in the second half of 2005 had originated from the Innovation Time Off. Office locations and headquarters Google Mountain View campus garden Bicycles painted in the corporate color scheme are available for free use by any employee traveling around the Googleplex Mountain View Main article : Googleplex Google 's headquarters in Mountain View, California, is referred to as `` the Googleplex '', a play on words on the number googolplex and the headquarters itself being a complex of buildings. The lobby is decorated with a piano, lava lamps, old server clusters, and a projection of search queries on the wall. The hallways are full of exercise balls and bicycles. Many employees have access to the corporate recreation center. Recreational amenities are scattered throughout the campus and include a workout room with weights and rowing machines, locker rooms, washers and dryers, a massage room, assorted video games, table football, a baby grand piano, a billiard table, and ping pong. In addition to the recreation room, there are snack rooms stocked with various foods and drinks, with special emphasis placed on nutrition. Free food is available to employees 24 / 7, with the offerings provided by paid vending machines prorated based on and favoring those of better nutritional value. Google 's extensive amenities are not available to all of its workers. Temporary workers such as book scanners do not have access to shuttles, Google cafes, or other perks. New York City Google 's New York City office building houses its largest advertising sales team. In 2006, Google moved into about 300,000 square feet ( 27,900 m ) of office space in New York City, at 111 Eighth Avenue in Manhattan. The office was designed and built specially for Google, and houses its largest advertising sales team, which has been instrumental in securing large partnerships. The New York headquarters includes a game room, micro-kitchens, and a video game area. In 2010, Google bought the building housing the headquarter, in a deal that valued the property at around $1.9 billion, the biggest for a single building in the United States that year. In February 2012, Google moved additional employees to the New York City campus, with a total of around 2,750 employees. Other U.S. cities By late 2006, Google established a new headquarters for its AdWords division in Ann Arbor, Michigan. In November 2006, Google opened offices on Carnegie Mellon 's campus in Pittsburgh, focusing on shopping - related advertisement coding and smartphone applications and programs. Other office locations in the U.S. include Atlanta, Georgia ; Austin, Texas ; Boulder, Colorado ; Cambridge, Massachusetts ; San Francisco, California ; Seattle, Washington ; Reston, Virginia, and Washington, D.C. In October 2006, the company announced plans to install thousands of solar panels to provide up to 1.6 mega watts of electricity, enough to satisfy approximately 30 % of the campus ' energy needs. The system will be the largest solar power system constructed on a U.S. corporate campus and one of the largest on any corporate site in the world. In addition, Google announced in 2009 that it was deploying herds of goats to keep grassland around the Googleplex short, helping to prevent the threat from seasonal bush fires while also reducing the carbon footprint of mowing the extensive grounds. The idea of trimming lawns using goats originated from Bob Widlar, an engineer who worked for National Semiconductor. In 2008, Google faced accusations in Harper 's Magazine of being an `` energy glutton ''. The company was accused of employing its `` Do n't be evil '' motto and its public energy - saving campaigns to cover up or make up for the massive amounts of energy its servers require. International locations Internationally, Google has over 70 offices in more than 40 countries. It also has product research and development operations in cities around the world, namely Sydney ( birthplace location of Google Maps ) and London ( part of Android development ). In November 2013, Google announced plans for a new London headquarter, a notable 1 million square foot office able to accommodate 4,500 employees. Recognized as one of the biggest ever commercial property acquisitions at the time of the deal 's announcement in January, Google submitted plans for the new headquarter to the Camden Council in June 2017. The new building, if approved, will feature a rooftop garden with a running track, giant moving blinds, a swimming pool, and a multi-use games area for sports. In May 2015, Google announced its intention to create its own campus in Hyderabad, India. The new campus, reported to be the company 's largest outside the United States, will accommodate 13,000 employees. Doodles Main article : Google Doodle Since 1998, Google has been designing special, temporary alternate logos to place on their homepage intended to celebrate holidays, events, achievements and people. The first Google Doodle was in honor of the Burning Man Festival of 1998. The doodle was designed by Larry Page and Sergey Brin to notify users of their absence in case the servers crashed. Subsequent Google Doodles were designed by an outside contractor, until Larry and Sergey asked then - intern Dennis Hwang to design a logo for Bastille Day in 2000. From that point onward, Doodles have been organized and created by a team of employees termed `` Doodlers ''. Easter eggs and April Fools ' day jokes Main articles : List of Google April Fools ' Day jokes and List of Google Easter eggs Google has a tradition of creating April Fools ' Day jokes. On April 1, 2000, Google MentalPlex allegedly featured the use of mental power to search the web. In 2007, Google announced a free Internet service called TiSP, or Toilet Internet Service Provider, where one obtained a connection by flushing one end of a fiber - optic cable down their toilet. Also in 2007, Google 's Gmail page displayed an announcement for Gmail Paper, allowing users to have email messages printed and shipped to them. In 2008, Google announced Gmail Custom time where users could change the time that the email was sent. In 2010, Google changed its company name to Topeka in honor of Topeka, Kansas, whose mayor changed the city 's name to Google for a short amount of time in an attempt to sway Google 's decision in its new Google Fiber Project. In 2011, Google announced Gmail Motion, an interactive way of controlling Gmail and the computer with body movements via the user 's webcam. Google 's services contain easter eggs, such as the Swedish Chef 's `` Bork bork bork, '' Pig Latin, `` Hacker '' or leetspeak, Elmer Fudd, Pirate, and Klingon as language selections for its search engine. The search engine calculator provides the Answer to the Ultimate Question of Life, the Universe, and Everything from Douglas Adams ' The Hitchhiker 's Guide to the Galaxy. When searching the word `` recursion '', the spell - checker 's result for the properly spelled word is exactly the same word, creating a recursive link. When searching for the word `` anagram, '' meaning a rearrangement of letters from one word to form other valid words, Google 's suggestion feature displays `` Did you mean : nag a ram ? '' In Google Maps, searching for directions between places separated by large bodies of water, such as Los Angeles and Tokyo, results in instructions to `` kayak across the Pacific Ocean. '' During FIFA World Cup 2010, search queries including `` World Cup '' and `` FIFA '' caused the `` Goooo... gle '' page indicator at the bottom of every result page to read `` Goooo... al ! '' instead. Philanthropy Main article : Google.org In 2004, Google formed the not - for - profit philanthropic Google.org, with a start - up fund of $1 billion. The mission of the organization is to create awareness about climate change, global public health, and global poverty. One of its first projects was to develop a viable plug - in hybrid electric vehicle that can attain 100 miles per gallon. Google hired Larry Brilliant as the program 's executive director in 2004, and the current director is Megan Smith. In 2008, Google announced its `` project 10 '' which accepted ideas for how to help the community and then allowed Google users to vote on their favorites. After two years of silence, during which many wondered what had happened to the program, Google revealed the winners of the project, giving a total of ten million dollars to various ideas ranging from non-profit organizations that promote education to a website that intends to make all legal documents public and online. In 2011, Google donated 1 million euros to International Mathematical Olympiad to support the next five annual International Mathematical Olympiads ( 2011 -- 2015 ). In July 2012, Google launched a `` Legalize Love '' campaign in support of gay rights. Tax avoidance Google uses various tax avoidance strategies. Out of the five largest American technology companies, it pays the lowest taxes to the countries of origin of its revenues. Google between 2007 and 2010 saved $3.1 billion in taxes by shuttling non-U.S. profits through Ireland and the Netherlands and then to Bermuda. Such techniques lower its non-U.S. tax rate to 2.3 per cent, while normally the corporate tax rate in for instance the UK is 28 per cent. This has reportedly sparked a French investigation into Google 's transfer pricing practices. Following criticism of the amount of corporate taxes that Google paid in the United Kingdom, Chairman Eric Schmidt said, `` It 's called capitalism. We are proudly capitalistic. '' During the same December 2012 interview, Schmidt confirmed that the company had no intention of paying more to the UK exchequer. Google Vice President Matt Brittin testified to the Public Accounts Committee of the UK House of Commons that his UK sales team made no sales and hence owed no sales taxes to the UK. In January 2016, Google reached a settlement with the UK to pay £ 130m in back taxes plus higher taxes in future. Environment Since 2007, Google has aimed for carbon neutrality in regard to its operations. Google disclosed in September 2011 that it `` continuously uses enough electricity to power 200,000 homes '', almost 260 million watts or about a quarter of the output of a nuclear power plant. Total carbon emissions for 2010 were just under 1.5 million metric tons, mostly due to fossil fuels that provide electricity for the data centers. Google said that 25 percent of its energy was supplied by renewable fuels in 2010. An average search uses only 0.3 watt - hours of electricity, so all global searches are only 12.5 million watts or 5 % of the total electricity consumption by Google. In 2007, Google launched a project centered on developing renewable energy, titled the `` Renewable Energy Cheaper than Coal ( RE < C ) '' project. However, the project was cancelled in 2014, after engineers Ross Koningstein and David Fork understood, after years of study, that `` best - case scenario, which was based on our most optimistic forecasts for renewable energy, would still result in severe climate change '', writing that they `` came to the conclusion that even if Google and others had led the way toward a wholesale adoption of renewable energy, that switch would not have resulted in significant reductions of carbon dioxide emissions ''. In June 2013, The Washington Post reported that Google had donated $50,000 to the Competitive Enterprise Institute, a libertarian think tank that calls human carbon emissions a positive factor in the environment and argues that global warming is not a concern. In July 2013, it was reported that Google had hosted a fundraising event for Oklahoma Senator Jim Inhofe, who has called climate change a `` hoax ''. In 2014 Google cut ties with the American Legislative Exchange Council ( ALEC ) after pressure from the Sierra Club, major unions and Google 's own scientists because of ALEC 's stance on climate change and opposition to renewable energy. In November 2017, Google bought 536 megawatts of wind power. The purchase made the firm reach 100 % renewable energy. The wind energy comes from two power plants in South Dakota, one in Iowa and one in Oklahoma. Lobbying In 2013, Google ranked 5th in lobbying spending, up from 213th in 2003. In 2012, the company ranked 2nd in campaign donations of technology and Internet sections. Litigation Main article : Google litigation Google has been involved in a number of lawsuits including the High - Tech Employee Antitrust Litigation which resulted in Google being one of four companies to pay a $415 million settlement to employees. On June 27, 2017, the company received a record fine of € 2.42 billion from the European Union for `` promoting its own shopping comparison service at the top of search results. '' Commenting on the penalty, New Scientist magazine said : `` The hefty sum -- the largest ever doled out by the EU 's competition regulators -- will sting in the short term, but Google can handle it. Alphabet, Google 's parent company, made a profit of $2.5 billion ( € 2.2 billion ) in the first six weeks of 2017 alone. The real impact of the ruling is that Google must stop using its dominance as a search engine to give itself the edge in another market : online price comparisons. '' The company disputed the ruling. Criticism and controversy Main articles : Criticism of Google and Censorship by Google Google 's market dominance has led to prominent media coverage, including criticism of the company over issues such as aggressive tax avoidance, search neutrality, copyright, censorship of search results and content, and privacy. Other criticisms include alleged misuse and manipulation of search results, its use of others ' intellectual property, concerns that its compilation of data may violate people 's privacy, and the energy consumption of its servers, as well as concerns over traditional business issues such as monopoly, restraint of trade, anti-competitive practices, and patent infringement. Google 's mission statement, from the outset, was `` to organize the world 's information and make it universally accessible and useful '', and its unofficial slogan was `` Do n't be evil ''. In October 2015, the motto was replaced in the Alphabet corporate code of conduct by the phrase : `` Do the right thing ''. Google 's commitment to such robust idealism has been increasingly called into doubt due to a number of the firm 's actions and behaviours which appear to contradict this. Following media reports about PRISM, NSA 's massive electronic surveillance program, in June 2013, several technology companies were identified as participants, including Google. According to leaks of said program, Google joined the PRISM program in 2009. On August 8, 2017, Google fired employee James Damore after he distributed a memo throughout the company which argued that `` Google 's ideological echo chamber '' and bias clouded their thinking about diversity and inclusion, and that it is also biological factors, not discrimination alone, that cause the average woman to be less interested than men in technical positions. Google CEO Sundar Pichai accused Damore in violating company policy by `` advancing harmful gender stereotypes in our workplace '', and he was fired on the same day. New York Times columnist David Brooks argued Pichai had mishandled the case, and called for his resignation. Reportedly, Google 's influenced New America think tank to expel their Open Markets research group, after the group has criticized Google monopolistic power and supported the EU $2.7 B fine of Google. Legal controversies In 2017, David Elliot and Chris Gillespie argued before the Ninth Circuit of the United States Court of Appeals that `` google '' had suffered genericide. The controversy began in 2012 when Gillespie acquired 763 domain names containing the word `` google. '' Google promptly filed a complaint with the NAF. Elliot then filed a petition for cancelling the Google trademark. Ultimately, the court ruled in favor of Google because Elliot failed to show a preponderance of evidence showing the genericide of `` google. '' See also AngularJS Comparison of web search engines Do n't Be Evil Google ( verb ) Google Balloon Internet Google Catalogs Google China Google bomb Google Chrome Experiments Google Get Your Business Online Google logo Google Maps Google platform Google Street View Google tax Google Ventures -- venture capital fund Google X Life sciences division of Google X Googlebot -- web crawler Googlization List of Google apps for Android List of mergers and acquisitions by Alphabet Apple, Inc. Outline of Google Reunion Ungoogleable Surveillance capitalism Calico Google portal Alphabet portal Internet portal Companies portal San Francisco Bay Area portal References Jump up ^ `` Company ''. Google. Retrieved January 16, 2015. Jump up ^ Claburn, Thomas ( September 24, 2008 ). `` Google Founded By Sergey Brin, Larry Page... And Hubert Chang ? ! ? ''. InformationWeek. UBM plc. Archived from the original on June 28, 2011. Retrieved January 22, 2017. Jump up ^ `` Locations -- Google Jobs ''. Google.com. Retrieved September 27, 2013. Jump up ^ `` Google Inc. Annual Reports ''. Google Inc. March 31, 2017. Retrieved November 14, 2017. Jump up ^ `` Alphabet Finishes Reorganization With New XXVI Company ''. Bloomberg. September 1, 2017. Retrieved October 31, 2017. Jump up ^ `` Google is now the world 's most valuable brand ''. The Independent. February 1, 2017. Retrieved August 31, 2017. Jump up ^ Williamson, Alan ( January 12, 2005 ). `` An evening with Google 's Marissa Mayer ''. Alan Williamson. Archived from the original on September 21, 2011. Retrieved July 5, 2010. ^ Jump up to : `` Our history in depth ''. Google Company. Google. Archived from the original on April 1, 2012. Retrieved July 15, 2017. Jump up ^ Page, Lawrence ; Brin, Sergey ; Motwani, Rajeev ; Winograd, Terry ( November 11, 1999 ). `` The PageRank Citation Ranking : Bringing Order to the Web ''. Stanford University. Retrieved February 15, 2010. Jump up ^ `` Technology Overview ''. Google, Inc. Retrieved February 15, 2010. Jump up ^ Page, Larry ( August 18, 1997 ). `` PageRank : Bringing Order to the Web ''. Stanford Digital Library Project. Archived from the original on May 6, 2002. Retrieved November 27, 2010. Jump up ^ Battelle, John ( August 2005 ). `` The Birth of Google ''. Wired. Retrieved October 12, 2010. Jump up ^ Trex, Ethan. `` 9 People, Places & Things That Changed Their Names ''. Mental Floss. Retrieved August 4, 2014. Jump up ^ `` Backrub search engine at Stanford University ''. Archived from the original on December 24, 1996. Retrieved March 12, 2011. Jump up ^ Koller, David ( January 2004 ). `` Origin of the name `` Google '' ``. Stanford University. Archived from the original on July 4, 2012. Retrieved July 4, 2012. Jump up ^ Hanley, Rachael ( February 12, 2003 ). `` From Googol to Google ''. The Stanford Daily. Stanford University. Archived from the original on March 27, 2010. Retrieved February 15, 2010. Jump up ^ `` Google ! Beta website ''. Google, Inc. Archived from the original on February 21, 1999. Retrieved October 12, 2010. Jump up ^ `` Google ! Search Engine ''. Stanford University. Archived from the original on November 11, 1998. Retrieved October 12, 2010. Jump up ^ `` Google ! Search Engine ''. Stanford University. Archived from the original on December 1, 1998. Retrieved August 14, 2012. Jump up ^ `` Google.com WHOIS, DNS, & Domain Info - DomainTools ''. WHOIS. Retrieved July 11, 2016. Jump up ^ `` Craig Silverstein 's website ''. Stanford University. Archived from the original on October 2, 1999. Retrieved October 12, 2010. Jump up ^ Kopytoff, Verne ( September 7, 2008 ). `` Craig Silverstein grew a decade with Google ''. San Francisco Chronicle. Hearst Communications, Inc. Retrieved October 12, 2010. Jump up ^ `` Google Server Assembly ''. Computer History Museum. Retrieved July 4, 2010. ^ Jump up to : Kopytoff, Verne ( April 29, 2004 ). `` For early Googlers, key word is $ $ ''. San Francisco Chronicle. San Francisco : Hearst Communications. Archived from the original on September 19, 2009. Retrieved February 19, 2010. ^ Jump up to : On September 7, 1998, the day Google officially incorporated, he ( Shriram ) wrote out a check for just over $250,000, one of four of this size the founders received. Auletta, Ken ( October 26, 2010 ). Googled : The End of the World As We Know It ( Reprint ed. ). New York, N.Y. : Penguin Books. ISBN 9780143118046. Jump up ^ `` Google Receives $25 Million in Equity Funding '' ( Press release ). Palo Alto, Calif. : Google. June 7, 1999. Archived from the original on March 9, 2000. Retrieved February 16, 2009. Jump up ^ Siegler, MG ( September 29, 2010 ). `` When Google Wanted To Sell To Excite For Under $1 Million -- And They Passed ''. TechCrunch. AOL. Retrieved November 29, 2016. Jump up ^ Lashinsky, Adam ( January 29, 2008 ). `` Google wins again ''. Fortune. Time Warner. Retrieved January 22, 2011. Jump up ^ Elgin, Ben ( August 19, 2004 ). `` Google : Whiz Kids or Naughty Boys ? ''. BusinessWeek. Bloomberg, L.P. Archived from the original on June 12, 2009. Retrieved February 19, 2010. Jump up ^ `` 2004 Annual Report '' ( PDF ). Google, Inc. Mountain View, California. 2004. p. 29. Retrieved February 19, 2010. Jump up ^ La Monica, Paul R. ( April 30, 2004 ). `` Google sets $2.7 billion IPO ''. CNN Money. Retrieved February 19, 2010. Jump up ^ Kawamoto, Dawn ( April 29, 2004 ). `` Want In on Google 's IPO ? ''. ZDNet. Retrieved February 19, 2010. Jump up ^ Webb, Cynthia L. ( August 19, 2004 ). `` Google 's IPO : Grate Expectations ''. The Washington Post. Washington, D.C. Retrieved February 19, 2010. Jump up ^ `` Google Overview ''. Marketwatch. Retrieved February 2, 2014. Jump up ^ Kuchinskas, Susan ( August 9, 2004 ). `` Yahoo and Google Settle ''. internetnews.com. Retrieved February 19, 2010. Jump up ^ `` Quirky Google Culture Endangered ? ''. Wired. Associated Press. April 28, 2004. Archived from the original on August 14, 2010. Retrieved November 27, 2010. Jump up ^ Olsen, Stefanie ; Kawamoto, Dawn ( April 30, 2004 ). `` Google IPO at $2.7 billion ''. CNET. CBS Interactive. Retrieved November 27, 2010. Jump up ^ Utz, Richard ( 2013 ). `` The Good Corporation ? Google 's Medievalism and Why It Matters ''. Studies in Medievalism. 23 : 21 -- 28. Jump up ^ Rivlin, Gary ( August 24, 2005 ). `` Relax, Bill Gates ; It 's Google 's Turn as the Villain ''. The New York Times. Retrieved March 9, 2017. Jump up ^ Gibson, Owen ; Wray, Richard ( August 25, 2005 ). `` Search giant may outgrow its fans ''. The Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved November 27, 2010. Jump up ^ Ranka, Mohit ( May 17, 2007 ). `` Google -- Do n't Be Evil ''. OSNews. Retrieved November 27, 2010. Jump up ^ Mills, Elinor ( April 30, 2007 ). `` Google 's culture czar ''. ZDNet. Archived from the original on October 31, 2010. Retrieved November 27, 2010. Jump up ^ Kawamoto, Dawn ( July 27, 2005 ). `` Google hit with job discrimination lawsuit ''. CNET. CBS Interactive. Retrieved November 27, 2010. Jump up ^ `` Google accused of ageism in reinstated lawsuit ''. ctv.ca. October 6, 2007. Archived from the original on October 11, 2007. Retrieved January 22, 2017. Jump up ^ Rosenblatt, Seth ( May 16, 2014 ). `` Judge approves first payout in antitrust wage - fixing lawsuit ''. CNET. CBS Interactive. Retrieved January 22, 2017. Jump up ^ Hancock, Jay ( October 31, 2007 ). `` Google shares hit $700 ''. The Baltimore Sun. Retrieved November 27, 2010. ^ Jump up to : La Monica, Paul R. ( May 25, 2005 ). `` Bowling for Google ''. CNN. Retrieved February 28, 2007. Jump up ^ `` This could cost Google more than $500 million ''. CNBC. Retrieved December 30, 2015. Jump up ^ Pramuk, Jacob ( August 10, 2015 ). `` Google to become part of new company, Alphabet ''. CNBC. Retrieved August 11, 2015. Jump up ^ Weinberger, Matt ( October 12, 2015 ). `` 38 photos of Google 's rise from a Stanford dorm room to world domination ''. Business Insider. Axel Springer SE. Retrieved July 15, 2017. Jump up ^ `` A building blessed with tech success ''. CNET. CBS Interactive. Retrieved July 15, 2017. Jump up ^ Stross, Randall ( September 2008 ). `` Introduction ''. Planet Google : One Company 's Audacious Plan to Organize Everything We Know. New York : Free Press. pp. 3 -- 4. ISBN 978 - 1 - 4165 - 4691 - 7. Retrieved February 14, 2010. Jump up ^ `` Google Launches Self - Service Advertising Program ''. News from Google. Google. October 23, 2000. Archived from the original on April 1, 2012. Retrieved July 15, 2017. Jump up ^ Sullivan, Danny ( July 1, 1998 ). `` GoTo Going Strong ''. SearchEngineWatch. Archived from the original on October 14, 2009. Retrieved February 18, 2010. Jump up ^ Pelline, Jeff ( February 19, 1998 ). `` Pay - for - placement gets another shot ''. CNET. CBS Interactive. Retrieved February 18, 2010. Jump up ^ Olsen, Stephanie ( August 9, 2004 ). `` Google, Yahoo bury the legal hatchet ''. CNET. CBS Interactive. Retrieved February 18, 2010. Jump up ^ US patent 6285999, Page, Lawrence, `` Method for node ranking in a linked database '', issued September 4, 2001, assigned to The Board of Trustees of the Leland Stanford Junior University Jump up ^ Olsen, Stephanie ( July 11, 2003 ). `` Google 's movin ' on up ''. CNET. CBS Interactive. Retrieved February 15, 2010. Jump up ^ `` Google to buy headquarters building from Silicon Graphics ''. Silicon Valley / San Jose Business Journal. San Jose : American City Business Journals. June 16, 2006. Retrieved February 15, 2010. Jump up ^ Krantz, Michael ( October 25, 2006 ). `` Do You `` Google '' ? ``. Google, Inc. Retrieved February 17, 2010. Jump up ^ Bylund, Anders ( July 5, 2006 ). `` To Google or Not to Google ''. msnbc.com. Archived from the original on July 7, 2006. Retrieved February 17, 2010. Jump up ^ Meyer, Robinson. `` The First Use of ' to Google ' on Television ? Buffy the Vampire Slayer ''. The Atlantic. Retrieved September 28, 2016. Jump up ^ Vise, David ( October 21, 2005 ). `` Online Ads Give Google Huge Gain in Profit ''. The Washington Post. Retrieved November 27, 2016. Jump up ^ Dean, Jeffrey ; Ghemawat, Sanjay ( January 1, 2008 ). `` MapReduce : simplified data processing on large clusters ''. ACM Digital Library. Retrieved December 6, 2016. Jump up ^ Czajkowski, Grzegorz ( November 21, 2008 ). `` Sorting 1PB with MapReduce ''. Official Google Blog. Google. Retrieved December 6, 2016. Jump up ^ Schonfeld, Erick ( January 9, 2008 ). `` Google Processing 20,000 Terabytes A Day, And Growing ''. TechCrunch. AOL. Retrieved December 6, 2016. Jump up ^ Kuhn, Eric ( December 18, 2009 ). `` Google unveils top political searches of 2009 ''. CNN. Retrieved December 6, 2016. Jump up ^ Ben ( June 2, 2011 ). `` Google 's new record, 1 billion visitors in May ''. It 's All Tech. Archived from the original on January 16, 2013. Retrieved November 30, 2016. Jump up ^ Fiegerman, Seth ( January 22, 2013 ). `` Google Has Its First $50 Billion Year ''. Mashable. Retrieved November 30, 2016. Jump up ^ Jane Wakefield ( September 19, 2013 ). `` Google spin - off Calico to search for answers to ageing ''. BBC News. Retrieved September 20, 2013. Jump up ^ `` Google celebrates 18th birthday with a Doodle - amid some confusion over the correct date ''. Daily Telegraph. Telegraph Media Group Limited. Retrieved September 27, 2016. Jump up ^ Sullivan, Danny ( September 14, 2007 ). `` Google Is 10 Years Old ? Finding The Real Google Birthday ''. searchengineland.com. Retrieved September 28, 2013. Jump up ^ Peterson, Andrea ( September 27, 2013 ). `` Is today really Google 's birthday ? ''. Washington Post. Retrieved September 28, 2013. Jump up ^ John Hall ( September 26, 2013 ). `` Google celebrates 15th birthday with interactive piñata ' doodle ' ''. The Independent. London. Retrieved September 28, 2013. Jump up ^ Gibbs, Samuel ( October 7, 2013 ). `` Sir Tim Berners - Lee and Google lead coalition for cheaper internet ''. The Guardian. Guardian Media Group. Retrieved March 15, 2017. Jump up ^ Whitwam, Ryan ( October 18, 2013 ). `` Google Beats Analyst Estimates For Third Quarter Results, Stock Passes $1000 Per Share ''. Android Police. Retrieved March 15, 2017. Jump up ^ Reuters ( October 17, 2013 ). `` Google earnings up 12 % in third quarter even as Motorola losses deepen ''. The Guardian. Archived from the original on October 17, 2013. Retrieved October 18, 2013. Jump up ^ `` Rankings - 2013 - Best Global Brands - Interbrand ''. Interbrand. Retrieved October 23, 2016. Jump up ^ `` Rankings - 2014 - Best Global Brands - Interbrand ''. Interbrand. Retrieved October 23, 2016. Jump up ^ `` Rankings - 2015 - Best Global Brands - Interbrand ''. Interbrand. Retrieved October 23, 2016. Jump up ^ `` Rankings - 2016 - Best Global Brands ''. Interbrand. Retrieved October 23, 2016. Jump up ^ Metz, Cade ( September 16, 2015 ). `` Google is 2 billion lines of code - and it 's all in one place ''. Wired. Retrieved October 23, 2016. Jump up ^ Tarantola, Andrew ( September 18, 2015 ). `` Google 's codebase is ludicrously huge for good reason ''. Engadget. AOL. Retrieved October 23, 2016. Jump up ^ `` Google locations ''. Google, Inc. Retrieved October 23, 2016. Jump up ^ `` google.com Traffic Statistics ''. Alexa Internet. November 25, 2016. Retrieved November 27, 2016. Jump up ^ `` youtube.com Traffic Statistics ''. Alexa Internet. November 25, 2016. Retrieved November 27, 2016. Jump up ^ `` blogger.com Traffic Statistics ''. Alexa Internet. November 25, 2016. Retrieved November 27, 2016. Jump up ^ `` Google acquires Deja ''. Geek.com. Ziff Davis. February 12, 2001. Retrieved May 10, 2017. Jump up ^ Cullen, Drew ( February 12, 2001 ). `` Google saves Deja.com Usenet service ''. The Register. Situation Publishing. Retrieved May 10, 2017. Jump up ^ `` Digital history saved ''. BBC News. BBC. December 14, 2001. Retrieved May 10, 2017. ^ Jump up to : Edwards, D. ( 2011 ) I 'm Feeling Lucky : The Confessions of Google Employee Number 59. ISBN 978 - 0 - 547 - 41699 - 1 Jump up ^ Morrissey, Brian ( April 23, 2013 ). `` Today in History : Google Buys Applied Semantics ''. Digiday. Retrieved May 10, 2017. Jump up ^ Bracetti, Alex ( January 8, 2013 ). `` The 15 Most Important Tech Acquisitions of All Time ''. Complex. Verizon Hearst Media Partners. Retrieved May 10, 2017. Jump up ^ Sullivan, Danny ( February 27, 2013 ). `` AdSense Turns 10 : Reflections On Google 's Great Leap Beyond Search Ads ''. Marketing Land. Retrieved May 10, 2017. Jump up ^ `` Google Acquires Keyhole Corp '' ( Press release ). Google, Inc. October 27, 2004. Retrieved November 27, 2010. Jump up ^ Arrington, Michael ( October 9, 2006 ). `` Google Has Acquired YouTube ''. TechCrunch. AOL. Retrieved March 15, 2017. Jump up ^ Sorkin, Andrew Ross ; Peters, Jeremy W. ( October 9, 2006 ). `` Google to Acquire YouTube for $1.65 Billion ''. The New York Times. Retrieved March 15, 2017. Jump up ^ Arrington, Michael ( November 13, 2006 ). `` Google Closes YouTube Acquisition ''. TechCrunch. AOL. Retrieved March 15, 2017. Jump up ^ Auchard, Eric ( November 14, 2006 ). `` Google closes YouTube deal ''. Reuters. Thomson Reuters. Retrieved March 15, 2017. Jump up ^ Story, Louise ; Helft, Miguel ( April 14, 2007 ). `` Google Buys DoubleClick for $3.1 Billion ''. The New York Times. Retrieved March 9, 2017. Jump up ^ Auletta, Ken ( 2009 ). Googled : The End of the World As We Know It. New York : The Penguin Press. ISBN 9780753522431. Jump up ^ Mills, Elinor ( September 29, 2005 ). `` Can Google beat the new - office curse ? ''. CNET. Retrieved February 26, 2010. Jump up ^ Mills, Elinor ( December 28, 2005 ). `` What the Google - AOL deal means for users ''. CNET. CBS Interactive. Retrieved February 26, 2010. Jump up ^ `` Fox Interactive Media Enters Into Landmark Agreement with Google Inc ''. News from Google. Google. August 7, 2006. Retrieved January 22, 2017. Jump up ^ `` Tracking Santa : NORAD & Google Team Up For Christmas, Dec 1, 2007, Danny Sullivan ''. Search Engine Land. Retrieved July 5, 2010. Jump up ^ `` Behind the scenes : NORAD 's Santa tracker for Thur, Dec 21, 2009 By Daniel Terdiman, CNET ''. CNET. CBS Interactive. Retrieved December 31, 2009. Jump up ^ `` Instructions On Tracking Santa With NORAD & Google : The 2007 Edition, Dec 24, 2007, Danny Sullivan ''. Search Engine Land. Retrieved July 5, 2010. Jump up ^ Shalal - Esa, Andrea ( September 6, 2008 ). `` GeoEye launches high - resolution satellite ''. Reuters. Washington. Retrieved February 26, 2010. Jump up ^ `` Google gives online life to Life mag 's photos ''. Associated Press. Mountain View, California. November 20, 2008. Retrieved February 25, 2010. Google Inc. has opened an online photo gallery that will include millions of images from Life magazine 's archives that have never been seen by the public before Jump up ^ Greg Stirling ( November 18, 2008 ). `` Google Hosting Time - Life Photo Archive, 10 Million Unpublished Images Now Live ''. Search Engine Land. Retrieved July 5, 2010. Jump up ^ Morrison, Scott ; Sweet, Cassandra ( May 4, 2010 ). `` Google Invests in Two Wind Farms ''. The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved November 27, 2010. Jump up ^ `` Google Energy can now buy and sell energy ''. Cnet.com. Jump up ^ Candace Lombardi ( February 19, 2010 ). `` Google gets go - ahead to buy, sell energy ''. CNET. CBS Interactive. Retrieved September 23, 2013. Jump up ^ Todd Woody ( September 18, 2013 ). `` Google is on the way to quietly becoming an electric utility ''. Quartz. Retrieved September 23, 2013. Jump up ^ Gomes, Lee ( May 18, 2010 ). `` Google 's Latest Telephony Play ''. Forbes. Retrieved November 27, 2010. Jump up ^ Albanesius, Chloe ( May 27, 2010 ). `` Google Closes Acquisition of AdMob ''. AppScout. Retrieved June 16, 2010. Jump up ^ Albanesius, Chloe ( November 9, 2010 ). `` Google Acquires Mobile Display Ad Firm AdMob ''. PC Magazine. Ziff Davis Publishing Holdings Inc. Retrieved June 16, 2010. Jump up ^ `` Google buys power from Iowa wind farm ''. News.techworld.com. July 21, 2010. Retrieved October 26, 2010. Jump up ^ `` Bid for Nortel patents marks Google 's new push into mobile world ''. Globe and Mail. Toronto. April 4, 2011. Archived from the original on April 7, 2011. Retrieved April 25, 2011. Jump up ^ Tsukayama, Hayley ( August 15, 2011 ). `` Google agrees to acquire Motorola Mobility ''. The Washington Post. Retrieved August 17, 2011. Jump up ^ `` Google to Acquire Motorola Mobility -- Google Investor Relations ''. Google. Retrieved August 17, 2011. ^ Jump up to : Hughes, Neil. `` Google CEO : ' Anticompetitive ' Apple, Microsoft forced Motorola deal ''. AppleInsider. Retrieved August 17, 2011. Jump up ^ `` Google ''. BBC News. May 22, 2012. Retrieved May 23, 2012. Jump up ^ Page, Larry. `` Official Google Blog : Supercharging Android : Google to Acquire Motorola Mobility ''. Google Blog at Blogspot.com. Retrieved August 17, 2011. Jump up ^ Cheng, Roger ( August 15, 2011 ). `` Google to buy Motorola Mobility for $12.5 B ''. CNet News. Jump up ^ `` Google to cut 4,000 Motorola Mobility jobs, shares rise ''. Reuters. August 13, 2012. Jump up ^ Cooper, Daniel ( December 11, 2012 ). `` Motorola 's retreat continues, sells factories in China and Brazil to Flextronics for $75 million ''. Engadget. AOL. Retrieved March 9, 2017. Jump up ^ `` Flextronics acquires Motorola Mobility 's plants in China, Brazil ''. ZDNet. December 11, 2012. Jump up ^ Seifert, Dan ( December 19, 2012 ). `` Google sells Motorola Home set top box division to Arris for $2.35 billion ''. The Verge. Vox Media. Retrieved April 7, 2017. Jump up ^ Lardinois, Frederic ( December 19, 2012 ). `` Motorola Home Finds A New Home At Arris. Google Sells Broadband Unit For $2.35 B To Double Down On Mobile ''. TechCrunch. AOL. Retrieved April 7, 2017. Jump up ^ Kerr, Dara ( July 25, 2013 ). `` Google reveals it spent $966 million in Waze acquisition ''. CNET. CBS Interactive. Retrieved June 12, 2017. Jump up ^ Lunden, Ingrid ( June 11, 2013 ). `` Google Bought Waze For $1.1 B, Giving A Social Data Boost To Its Mapping Business ''. TechCrunch. AOL. Retrieved June 12, 2017. Jump up ^ Chowdhry, Amit ( January 27, 2014 ). `` Google To Acquire Artificial Intelligence Company DeepMind ''. Forbes. Retrieved January 27, 2014. Jump up ^ Helgren, Chris ( January 27, 2014 ). `` Google to buy artificial intelligence company DeepMind ''. Reuters. Retrieved January 27, 2014. Jump up ^ Ribeiro, Jon ( January 27, 2014 ). `` Google buys artificial intelligence company DeepMind ''. PC World. Retrieved January 27, 2014. Jump up ^ Opam, Kwame ( January 26, 2014 ). `` Google buying AI startup DeepMind for a reported $400 million ''. The Verge. Vox Media. Retrieved March 9, 2017. Jump up ^ Kang, Cecilia ( January 30, 2014 ). `` Google sells Motorola Mobility to Lenovo for $2.91 billion ''. The Washington Post. Retrieved January 30, 2014. Jump up ^ Balakrishnan, Saheli Roy Choudhury, Anita ( September 20, 2017 ). `` Google agrees to buy part of HTC for $1.1 billion ''. CNBC. Retrieved September 21, 2017. Jump up ^ `` Google is buying part of HTC 's smartphone team for $1.1 billion ''. The Verge. Retrieved September 21, 2017. Jump up ^ `` Google signs agreement with HTC, continuing our big bet on hardware ''. Google. September 21, 2017. Retrieved September 21, 2017. Jump up ^ `` Data center locations ''. Google Data Centers. Google. Retrieved December 8, 2016. Jump up ^ `` UPDATE : Google To Build Three Data Centers In Asia, Investment To Exceed $200 M ''. The Wall Street Journal. September 28, 2011. Archived from the original on September 28, 2011. Jump up ^ `` Google to Build Three Data Centers in Asia ''. Datacenterknowledge.com. Retrieved March 13, 2014. Jump up ^ Yun - Hee Kim. `` Google Scraps Plan to Build Hong Kong Data Center ''. WSJ. Jump up ^ Gellman, Barton ; Soltani, Ashkan ( October 30, 2013 ). `` NSA infiltrates links to Yahoo, Google data centers worldwide, Snowden documents say ''. The Washington Post. Retrieved November 1, 2013. Jump up ^ Savage, Charlie ; Miller, Claire Cain ; Perlroth, Nicole ( October 30, 2013 ). `` N.S.A. Said to Tap Google and Yahoo Abroad ''. The New York Times. Retrieved March 9, 2017. Jump up ^ Gallagher, Sean ( October 31, 2013 ). `` How the NSA 's MUSCULAR tapped Google 's and Yahoo 's private networks ''. Ars Technica. Condé Nast. Retrieved March 9, 2017. Jump up ^ Miller, Claire Cain ( October 31, 2013 ). `` Angry Over U.S. Surveillance, Tech Giants Bolster Defenses ''. The New York Times. Retrieved March 9, 2017. Jump up ^ Matthew Humphries ( March 27, 2012 ). `` Google 's most efficient data center runs at 95 degrees ''. geek.com. Archived from the original on June 13, 2016. Retrieved June 13, 2016. Jump up ^ Miller, Rich ( August 1, 2011 ). `` Report : Google Uses About 900,000 Servers ''. Data Center Knowledge. Retrieved December 6, 2016. Jump up ^ Hölzle, Urs ( December 6, 2016 ). `` We 're set to reach 100 % renewable energy -- and it 's just the beginning ''. The Keyword Google Blog. Google. Retrieved December 8, 2016. Jump up ^ Statt, Nick ( December 6, 2016 ). `` Google just notched a big victory in the fight against climate change ''. The Verge. Vox Media. Retrieved December 8, 2016. Jump up ^ Etherington, Darrell ( December 7, 2016 ). `` Google says it will hit 100 % renewable energy by 2017 ''. TechCrunch. AOL. Retrieved December 8, 2016. Jump up ^ Womack, Brian ( August 10, 2015 ). `` Google Rises After Creating Holding Company Called Alphabet ''. Bloomberg L.P. Retrieved November 22, 2016. Jump up ^ Barr, Alistair ; Winkler, Rolf ( August 10, 2015 ). `` Google Creates Parent Company Called Alphabet in Restructuring ''. The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved November 22, 2016. Jump up ^ Dougherty, Conor ( August 10, 2015 ). `` Google to Reorganize as Alphabet to Keep Its Lead as an Innovator ''. The New York Times. Retrieved November 22, 2016. Jump up ^ `` Alphabet Finishes Reorganization With New XXVI Company ''. Bloomberg.com. September 1, 2017. Retrieved September 2, 2017. Jump up ^ `` Form 10 - K -- Annual Report ''. SEC. Retrieved July 5, 2010. Jump up ^ `` Google Inc, Form 10 - K, Annual Report, Filing Date Jan 26, 2012 '' ( PDF ). secdatabase.com. Retrieved March 8, 2013. Jump up ^ Nakashima, Ellen ( August 12, 2008 ). `` Some Web Firms Say They Track Behavior Without Explicit Consent ''. The Washington Post. Retrieved July 5, 2010. Jump up ^ Helft, Miguel ( March 11, 2009 ). `` Google to Offer Ads Based on Interests ''. The New York Times. Retrieved March 9, 2017. Jump up ^ `` Google AdSense for Mobile unlocks the potential of the mobile advertising market ''. Google, Inc. September 17, 2007. Retrieved February 26, 2010. Jump up ^ Bright, Peter ( August 27, 2008 ). `` Surfing on the sly with IE8 's new `` InPrivate '' Internet ``. Ars Technica. Condé Nast. Retrieved March 9, 2017. Jump up ^ Beal, Vangie. `` AdWords - Google AdWords ''. Webopedia. QuinStreet Inc. Retrieved May 27, 2017. Jump up ^ Beal, Vangie. `` AdSense - Google AdSense ''. Webopedia. QuinStreet Inc. Retrieved May 27, 2017. Jump up ^ Mills, Elinor ( July 25, 2006 ). `` Google to offer advertisers click fraud stats ''. news.cnet.com. CNET. Retrieved July 29, 2006. Jump up ^ `` Google Somewhat Lifts Oceana Ad Ban ''. webpronews.com. Archived from the original on January 30, 2009. Jump up ^ Mclntyre, Douglas ( October 31, 2008 ). `` Yahoo and Google may dump their deal ''. Bloggingstocks.com. Retrieved October 26, 2010. Jump up ^ Drummond, David ( November 5, 2008 ). `` Ending our agreement with Yahoo ! ''. Google, Inc. Retrieved October 26, 2010. Jump up ^ `` comScore Releases November 2009 U.S. Search Engine Rankings ''. December 16, 2006. Retrieved July 5, 2010. Jump up ^ Arrington, Michael ( July 25, 2008 ). `` Google 's Misleading Blog Post : The Size Of The Web And The Size Of Their Index Are Very Different ''. TechCrunch. AOL. Retrieved March 9, 2017. Jump up ^ Olsen, Stefanie ( July 9, 2003 ). `` Google cache raises copyright concerns ''. CNET. CBS Interactive. Retrieved June 13, 2010. Jump up ^ Field v. Google, CV - S - 04 - 0413 - RCJ - LRL ( Nevada District Court January 19, 2006 ). Jump up ^ Parker v. Google, 04 - CV - 3918 ( Eastern Pennsylvania District Court March 10, 2006 ). Jump up ^ Bosker, Bianca ( September 29, 2010 ). `` Google Instant Censorship : The Strangest Terms Blacklisted By Google ''. The Huffington Post. Retrieved October 26, 2010. Jump up ^ Manjoo, Farhad ( August 29, 2002 ). `` Conspiracy Researcher Says Google 's No Good ''. AlterNet. Independent Media Institute. Retrieved April 26, 2017. Jump up ^ Martin, China ( November 26, 2007 ). `` Google hit with second lawsuit over Library project ''. InfoWorld. Jump up ^ Pettersson, Edvard ( November 20, 2009 ). `` Google Wins Preliminary Approval of Online Books Settlement ''. Bloomberg L.P. Archived from the original on May 5, 2012. Retrieved December 18, 2009. Jump up ^ Smith, Heather ( December 18, 2009 ). `` Google 's French Book Scanning Project Halted by Court ''. Bloomberg L.P. Archived from the original on May 5, 2012. Retrieved December 18, 2009. Jump up ^ Rich, Motoko ( May 31, 2009 ). `` Preparing to Sell E-Books, Google Takes on Amazon ''. The New York Times. Retrieved March 9, 2017. Jump up ^ Mayer, Marissa ( July 25, 2010 ). `` This Week in Search 7 / 25 / 10 ''. Google, Inc. Retrieved July 28, 2010. Jump up ^ Samuel Gibbs ( September 27, 2013 ). `` Google introduces the biggest algorithm change in three years ''. Guardian. Retrieved September 29, 2013. Jump up ^ Lardinois, Frederic ( August 23, 2016 ). `` Google will soon start punishing mobile sites that show hard - to - dismiss popups ''. TechCrunch. AOL. Retrieved March 9, 2017. Jump up ^ Schwartz, Barry ( May 26, 2017 ). `` Google Adds Personal Tab To Search Filters ''. Search Engine Roundtable. RustyBrick. Retrieved May 27, 2017. Jump up ^ Gartenberg, Chaim ( May 26, 2017 ). `` Google adds new Personal tab to search results to show Gmail and Photos content ''. The Verge. Vox Media. Retrieved May 27, 2017. Jump up ^ `` Choose a Plan ''. G Suite by Google Cloud. Google. Retrieved December 2, 2016. Jump up ^ Sterling, Greg ( June 3, 2008 ). `` Google Rebrands Custom Search `` Business Edition '' As `` Google Site Search '' ``. Search Engine Land. Retrieved June 16, 2010. Jump up ^ Darrow, Barb ( February 21, 2017 ). `` Google Plans To Discontinue Yet Another Product ''. Fortune. Time Inc. Retrieved March 27, 2017. Jump up ^ Li, Abner ( February 21, 2017 ). `` Google reportedly discontinuing paid Site Search in favor of ad - supported version ''. 9to5Google. Retrieved March 27, 2017. Jump up ^ Muret, Paul ( March 15, 2016 ). `` Introducing the Google Analytics 360 Suite ''. Google. Retrieved January 22, 2017. Jump up ^ Marshall, Jack ( March 15, 2016 ). `` Google Launches New Data Tools for Marketers ''. The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved January 22, 2017. Jump up ^ Etherington, Darrell ( October 22, 2014 ). `` Google 's Inbox is A New Email App From The Gmail Team Designed Not To Be Gmail ''. TechCrunch. AOL. Retrieved June 12, 2017. Jump up ^ Gayomali, Chris ( April 1, 2014 ). `` When Gmail Launched On April 1, 2004, People Thought It Was A Joke ''. Fast Company. Mansueto Ventures. Retrieved June 12, 2017. Jump up ^ Vincent, James ( January 5, 2017 ). `` Google Calendar update makes it easier to track your New Year 's fitness goals ''. The Verge. Vox Media. Retrieved June 12, 2017. Jump up ^ Broussard, Mitchel ( March 22, 2017 ). `` Google Maps Introduces New Location Sharing Feature With Real - Time Friend Tracking ''. MacRumors. Retrieved June 12, 2017. ^ Jump up to : Sottek, T.C. ( April 24, 2012 ). `` Google Drive officially launches with 5GB free storage, Google Docs integration ''. The Verge. Vox Media. Retrieved June 12, 2017. Jump up ^ Perez, Sarah ( May 28, 2015 ). `` Google Photos Breaks Free Of Google+, Now Offers Free, Unlimited Storage ''. TechCrunch. AOL. Retrieved June 12, 2017. Jump up ^ Graziano, Dan ( March 20, 2013 ). `` Google launches Google Keep note - taking service ( video ) ''. BGR. Penske Media Corporation. Retrieved June 12, 2017. Jump up ^ Eadicicco, Lisa ( November 16, 2016 ). `` Google 's Translation App Is About To Get Much Better ''. Time. Retrieved June 12, 2017. Jump up ^ Hamedy, Saba ( February 28, 2017 ). `` People now spend 1 billion hours watching YouTube every day ''. Mashable. Retrieved June 12, 2017. Jump up ^ Levy, Steven ( June 28, 2011 ). `` Inside Google+ - How the search giant plans to go social ''. Wired. Condé Nast. Retrieved June 12, 2017. Jump up ^ Lunden, Ingrid ( May 18, 2016 ). `` Google debuts Allo, an AI - based chat app using its new assistant bot, smart replies and more ''. TechCrunch. AOL. Retrieved June 12, 2017. Jump up ^ Bohn, Dieter ( May 18, 2016 ). `` Google Duo makes mobile video calls fast and simple ''. The Verge. Vox Media. Retrieved June 12, 2017. Jump up ^ Schonfeld, Erick ( November 5, 2007 ). `` Breaking : Google Announces Android and Open Handset Alliance ''. TechCrunch. AOL. Retrieved June 12, 2017. Jump up ^ D'Orazio, Dante ( March 18, 2014 ). `` Google reveals Android Wear, an operating system for smartwatches ''. The Verge. Vox Media. Retrieved April 4, 2017. Jump up ^ Ong, Josh ( June 25, 2014 ). `` Google announces Android TV to bring ' voice input, user experience and content ' to the living room ''. The Next Web. Retrieved April 4, 2017. Jump up ^ Wilhelm, Alex ( June 25, 2014 ). `` Google Announces Android Auto, Promises Enabled Cars By The End Of 2014 ''. TechCrunch. AOL. Retrieved April 4, 2017. Jump up ^ Kastrenakes, Jacob ( December 13, 2016 ). `` Android Things is Google 's new OS for smart devices ''. The Verge. Vox Media. Retrieved April 4, 2017. Jump up ^ Pichai, Sundar ; Upson, Linus ( September 1, 2008 ). `` A fresh take on the browser ''. Official Google Blog. Google. Retrieved November 22, 2016. Jump up ^ Pichai, Sundar ; Upson, Linus ( July 7, 2009 ). `` Introducing the Google Chrome OS ''. Official Google Blog. Google. Retrieved November 22, 2016. Jump up ^ Siegler, MG ( January 5, 2010 ). `` The Droid You 're Looking For : Live From The Nexus One Event ''. TechCrunch. AOL. Retrieved November 22, 2016. Jump up ^ Ion, Florence ( May 15, 2013 ). `` From Nexus One to Nexus 10 : a brief history of Google 's flagship devices ''. Ars Technica. Condé Nast. Retrieved June 12, 2017. ^ Jump up to : Bohn, Dieter. `` The Google Phone : The inside story of Google 's bold bet on hardware ''. The Verge. Vox Media. Retrieved June 12, 2017. Jump up ^ Pichai, Sundar ; Upson, Linus ( May 11, 2011 ). `` A new kind of computer : Chromebook ''. Official Google Blog. Google. Retrieved November 22, 2016. Jump up ^ Robertson, Adi ( July 24, 2013 ). `` Google reveals Chromecast : video streaming to your TV from any device for $35 ''. The Verge. Vox Media. Retrieved November 29, 2016. Jump up ^ `` Google Chromecast takes on streaming content to TV ''. BBC News. BBC. July 31, 2013. Retrieved November 29, 2016. Jump up ^ O'Toole, James ( June 26, 2014 ). `` Google 's cardboard virtual - reality goggles ''. CNN. Retrieved November 29, 2016. Jump up ^ Kain, Erik ( June 26, 2014 ). `` Google Cardboard Is Google 's Awesomely Weird Answer To Virtual Reality ''. Forbes. Retrieved November 29, 2016. Jump up ^ Bergen, Mark ; Fried, Ina ( April 28, 2016 ). `` Google is building a new hardware division under former Motorola chief Rick Osterloh ''. Recode. Vox Media. Retrieved October 9, 2016. Jump up ^ Savov, Vlad ( October 4, 2016 ). `` Pixel ' phone by Google ' announced ''. The Verge. Vox Media. Retrieved October 8, 2016. Jump up ^ Bohn, Dieter ( October 4, 2016 ). `` Google Home is smart, loud, and kind of cute ''. The Verge. Vox Media. Retrieved October 8, 2016. Jump up ^ Robertson, Adi ; Kastrenakes, Jacob ( October 4, 2016 ). `` Google 's Daydream View VR headset goes on sale next month for $79 ''. The Verge. Vox Media. Retrieved October 8, 2016. Jump up ^ Bohn, Dieter ( October 4, 2016 ). `` The Google Wifi routers are little white pucks you can scatter throughout your house ''. The Verge. Vox Media. Retrieved October 8, 2016. Jump up ^ Ingersoll, Minnie ; Kelly, James ( February 10, 2010 ). `` Think big with a gig : Our experimental fiber network ''. Official Google Blog. Google. Retrieved November 29, 2016. Jump up ^ Schonfeld, Erick ( February 10, 2010 ). `` Google Plans To Deliver 1Gb / sec Fiber - Optic Broadband Network To More Than 50,000 Homes ''. TechCrunch. AOL. Retrieved November 29, 2016. Jump up ^ McLaughlin, Kevin ( August 25, 2016 ). `` Inside the Battle Over Google Fiber ''. The Information. Retrieved November 29, 2016. Jump up ^ Statt, Nick ( August 25, 2016 ). `` Alphabet is putting serious pressure on Google Fiber to cut costs ''. The Verge. Vox Media. Retrieved November 29, 2016. Jump up ^ Fox, Nick ( April 22, 2015 ). `` Say hi to Fi : A new way to say hello ''. Official Google Blog. Google. Retrieved November 29, 2016. Jump up ^ Goldman, David ( April 22, 2015 ). `` Google launches ' Project Fi ' wireless service ''. CNN. Retrieved November 29, 2016. Jump up ^ Huet, Ellen ( April 22, 2015 ). `` Google Unveils Its ' Project Fi ' Wireless Service ''. Forbes. Retrieved November 29, 2016. Jump up ^ Byford, Sam ( September 27, 2016 ). `` Google Station is a new platform that aims to make public Wi - Fi better ''. The Verge. Vox Media. Retrieved October 23, 2016. Jump up ^ Heater, Brian ( December 29, 2016 ). `` After arriving at 100th railway station in India, Google 's WiFi is set to hit another 100 in 2017 ''. TechCrunch. AOL. Retrieved June 12, 2017. Jump up ^ Hall, Stephen ( February 9, 2017 ). `` Google Station expands beyond rail stations to bring citywide WiFi to Pune, India ''. 9to5Google. Retrieved June 12, 2017. Jump up ^ Singh, Manish ( February 9, 2017 ). `` Indian city to become the first in the world to get Google Station public Wi - Fi network ''. Mashable. Retrieved June 12, 2017. Jump up ^ Macht, Joshua ( September 30, 2002 ). `` Automatic for the People ''. Time. Jump up ^ Travis, Hannibal ( 2008 ). `` Opting Out of the Internet in the United States and the European Union : Copyright, Safe Harbors, and International Law ''. Notre Dame Law Review. 55 : 391 -- 92. SSRN 1221642. Jump up ^ Bernard, Tara ( May 26, 2011 ). `` Google Unveils App for Paying With Phone ''. The New York Times. Retrieved November 29, 2016. Jump up ^ Somerville, Heather ( September 25, 2013 ). `` Google same - day delivery makes public debut ''. Mercury News. Jump up ^ `` What are Google Alerts ? ''. Google. Retrieved July 29, 2014. Jump up ^ `` How to Use Google Alerts for a Live Job Search ''. The Under Cover Recruiter. Jump up ^ `` This Little Service Absolutely Crushes Google Alerts ''. Forbes. Jump up ^ Mordvintsev, Alexander ; Olah, Christopher ; Tyka, Mike ( 2015 ). `` DeepDream -- a code example for visualizing Neural Networks ''. Google Research. Archived from the original on July 8, 2015. Jump up ^ Mordvintsev, Alexander ; Olah, Christopher ; Tyka, Mike ( 2015 ). `` Inceptionism : Going Deeper into Neural Networks ''. Google Research. Archived from the original on July 3, 2015. Jump up ^ James Titcomb ( July 2, 2015 ). `` Google unleashes machine dreaming software on the public, nightmarish images flood the internet ''. The Telegraph. Retrieved July 25, 2015. Jump up ^ Diwanji, Pavni ( March 15, 2017 ). `` Introducing the Family Link app : Helping families navigate technology together ''. The Keyword Google Blog. Google. Retrieved March 16, 2017. Jump up ^ Carman, Ashley ( March 15, 2017 ). `` Google built a new app so your kids can have a Google account, too ''. The Verge. Vox Media. Retrieved March 16, 2017. Jump up ^ Perez, Sarah ( March 15, 2017 ). `` Google introduces Family Link, its own parental control software for Android ''. TechCrunch. AOL. Retrieved March 16, 2017. Jump up ^ Fogel, Stefanie ( April 11, 2017 ). `` Google 's AutoDraw turns your clumsy scribbles into art ''. Engadget. AOL. Retrieved April 12, 2017. Jump up ^ Titcomb, James ( April 12, 2017 ). `` Google 's new drawing app can turn your terrible sketches into works of art ''. The Daily Telegraph. Telegraph Media Group. Retrieved April 12, 2017. Jump up ^ Reilly, Claire ( April 11, 2017 ). `` Does Google 's AutoDraw AI grasp modern art better than you ? ''. CNET. CBS Interactive. Retrieved April 12, 2017. Jump up ^ Lardinois, Frederic ( April 11, 2017 ). `` Google 's AutoDraw uses machine learning to help you draw like a pro ''. TechCrunch. AOL. Retrieved April 12, 2017. Jump up ^ Welch, Chris ( May 23, 2017 ). `` Google adds easy, simple family sharing to Calendar, Keep, and Photos ''. The Verge. Vox Media. Retrieved May 24, 2017. Jump up ^ Whitwam, Ryan ( May 23, 2017 ). `` Google family groups make it easy to share photos, calendars, Keep, YouTube TV, and more ''. Android Police. Retrieved May 24, 2017. Jump up ^ `` What is 1e100.net ''. Google Support. Google. Retrieved December 10, 2015. Jump up ^ Lardinois, Frederic ( March 28, 2017 ). `` Google launches new site to showcase its open source projects and processes ''. TechCrunch. AOL. Retrieved March 29, 2017. Jump up ^ Vaughan - Nichols, Steven J. ( March 29, 2017 ). `` Google presents its open - source goodies to the world ''. ZDNet. CBS Interactive. Retrieved March 29, 2017. Jump up ^ Bain, Marc ( June 11, 2017 ). `` Google has built a stunning, searchable archive of 3,000 years of world fashion ''. Quartz. Atlantic Media. Retrieved June 11, 2017. Jump up ^ Ward, Maria ( June 9, 2017 ). `` Anna Wintour, Andrew Bolton, and More Celebrate the Launch of We Wear Culture ''. Vogue. Condé Nast. Retrieved June 11, 2017. Jump up ^ Levering, Robert ; Moskowitz, Milton ( January 22, 2007 ). Serwer, Andrew, ed. `` In good company ''. Fortune Magazine. Cable News Network. 155 ( 1 ). Retrieved June 19, 2010. Jump up ^ Levering, Robert ; Moskowitz, Milton ( February 4, 2008 ). Serwer, Andrew, ed. `` The 2008 list ''. Fortune Magazine. Cable News Network. 157 ( 2 ). Retrieved June 19, 2010. Jump up ^ `` The 2012 list ''. Fortune Magazine. Retrieved February 26, 2012. Jump up ^ Levering, Robert ; Moskowitz, Milton ( February 2, 2009 ). Serwer, Andrew, ed. `` The 2009 list ''. Fortune Magazine. Cable News Network. 159 ( 2 ). Retrieved June 19, 2010. Jump up ^ Levering, Robert ; Moskowitz, Milton ( February 8, 2010 ). Serwer, Andrew, ed. `` The 2010 list ''. Fortune Magazine. Cable News Network. 161 ( 2 ). Retrieved June 19, 2010. Jump up ^ `` The World 's Most Attractive Employers 2010 ''. Universum Global. September 28, 2010. Retrieved October 28, 2010. Jump up ^ `` Our Philosophy ''. Google, Inc. Retrieved June 20, 2010. Jump up ^ Bort, Julie ( July 17, 2015 ). `` Google 's hiring may have slowed, but it 's still adding thousands of new employees ''. Business Insider. Axel Springer SE. Retrieved January 22, 2017. Jump up ^ Miller, Claire Cain. `` Google Releases Employee Data, Illustrating Tech 's Diversity Challenge ''. Bits Blog. Retrieved September 20, 2017. Jump up ^ Micco, John ( March 24, 2013 ). `` Continuous Integration at Google Scale '' ( PDF ). EclipseCon 2013. Retrieved April 25, 2017. Jump up ^ Wakabayashi, Daisuke ( 2017 - 09 - 08 ). `` Google workers collected data showing their male colleagues make more than women ''. CNBC. Retrieved 2017 - 09 - 25. Jump up ^ La Monica, Paul R. ( March 31, 2006 ). `` Google leaders stick with $1 salary ''. CNN Money. CNN. Retrieved April 25, 2017. Jump up ^ Liedtke, Michael ( March 5, 2008 ). `` Facebook Raids Google for Executive ''. The Washington Post. Retrieved March 31, 2008. Jump up ^ `` Another Googler goes to Facebook : Sheryl Sandberg becomes new COO ''. Venture Beat. March 4, 2008. Retrieved March 31, 2008. Jump up ^ Rushie, Dominic ( July 16, 2012 ). `` Google executive Marissa Mayer to become Yahoo CEO in surprise move ''. The Guardian. London. Retrieved September 1, 2012. Jump up ^ Miller, Ron. `` Google Cloud brings in former Intel exec Diane Bryant as COO ''. TechCrunch. Retrieved 2017 - 12 - 31. Jump up ^ `` Noogler chez Google '' ( in French ). Jump up ^ Mediratta, Bharat ; Bick, Julie ( October 21, 2007 ). `` The Google Way : Give Engineers Room ''. The New York Times. Retrieved March 9, 2017. Jump up ^ Mayer, Marissa ( speaker ) ( June 30, 2006 ). Marissa Mayer at Stanford University ( Seminar ). Martin Lafrance. Event occurs at 11 : 33. Retrieved June 20, 2010. Fifty percent of what Google launched in the second half of 2005 actually got built out of 20 % time. Jump up ^ `` About the Googleplex ''. Google. Retrieved March 5, 2008. Jump up ^ Marion Nestle ( July 2011 ). `` What Google 's Famous Cafeterias Can Teach Us About Health ''. The Atlantic. Retrieved May 8, 2013. Jump up ^ Barry Schwartz ( May 2, 2011 ). `` Does Google Have A Class System For Googlers ? ''. SearchEngineLand. Retrieved April 22, 2013. Jump up ^ Reardon, Marguerite ( October 11, 2006 ). `` Google takes a bigger bite of Big Apple ''. CNET. CBS Interactive. Retrieved June 13, 2017. Jump up ^ Greenberg, Annie Georgia ( September 11, 2012 ). `` The Ultimate Office : Inside Google 's NYC Compound ''. Refinery29. Retrieved June 13, 2017. Jump up ^ Grant, Peter ( December 3, 2010 ). `` Google to Buy New York Office Building ''. The Wall Street Journal. Dow Jones & Company. Retrieved June 13, 2017. ( subscription required ) Jump up ^ Gustin, Sam ( December 22, 2010 ). `` Google buys giant New York building for $1.9 billion ''. Wired. Condé Nast. Retrieved June 13, 2017. Jump up ^ Glazer, Emily ( February 29, 2012 ). `` Google Web Grows in City ''. The Wall Street Journal. Dow Jones & Company. Retrieved June 13, 2017. ( subscription required ) Jump up ^ Weier, Mary Hayes ( October 24, 2007 ). `` Inside Google 's Michigan Office ''. InformationWeek. UBM plc. Archived from the original on May 3, 2008. Retrieved January 22, 2017. Jump up ^ `` Google Completes Pittsburgh Office, Holds Open House ''. WTAE. November 17, 2006. Archived from the original on June 4, 2009. Retrieved January 13, 2008. Jump up ^ Olson, Thomas ( December 8, 2010 ). `` Google search : Tech - minded workers ''. Trib Total Media. Retrieved December 8, 2010. Jump up ^ `` Google locations ''. Google. ^ Jump up to : Richmond, Riva ( October 17, 2006 ). `` Google plans to build huge solar energy system for headquarters ''. post1.net. MarketWatch. Archived from the original on May 19, 2016. Retrieved October 17, 2006. Jump up ^ `` Official Google Blog : Mowing with goats ''. Google. May 1, 2009. Jump up ^ Siegler, MG ( May 3, 2009 ). `` My Day With The Google Goats ''. The Washington Post. Retrieved May 3, 2010. Jump up ^ `` Sheep Mow Lawns ''. National Semiconductor. Archived from the original on May 6, 1999. Retrieved July 5, 2010. Jump up ^ Strand, Ginger. `` Keyword : Evil ''. Archived from the original on June 12, 2009. Retrieved April 9, 2008. Jump up ^ Gillett, Rachel ( September 6, 2015 ). `` Here 's what it 's REALLY like to work at Google, the ' world 's most attractive ' employer ''. Business Insider. Axel Springer SE. Retrieved June 4, 2017. Jump up ^ `` Sydney ''. Google Careers. Google. Retrieved June 4, 2017. Jump up ^ `` London ''. Google Careers. Google. Retrieved June 4, 2017. Jump up ^ Mirani, Leo ( November 1, 2013 ). `` Inside Google 's new 1 - million - square - foot London office -- three years before it 's ready ''. Quartz. Atlantic Media. Retrieved March 15, 2017. Jump up ^ Vincent, James ( June 1, 2017 ). `` Google 's new London HQ is a ' landscraper ' with a rooftop garden ''. The Verge. Vox Media. Retrieved June 4, 2017. Jump up ^ Brian, Matt ( June 1, 2017 ). `` Google 's ' innovative ' new London HQ features giant moving blinds ''. Engadget. AOL. Retrieved June 4, 2017. Jump up ^ `` Google to build biggest campus outside US in Hyderabad ''. The Indian Express. May 12, 2015. Retrieved June 13, 2017. Jump up ^ `` Google 's upcoming campus in Hyderabad to be its biggest outside the US ''. Firstpost. Network 18. May 13, 2015. Retrieved June 13, 2017. Jump up ^ `` Doodle 4 Google ''. Google.com. Retrieved April 23, 2014. Jump up ^ `` Burning Man Festival ''. Google.com. August 30, 1998. Retrieved April 23, 2014. Jump up ^ `` Meet the people behind the Google Doodles ''. The Guardian. April 12, 2014. Retrieved September 27, 2014. Jump up ^ `` Google MentalPlex ''. Google, Inc. April 1, 2000. Retrieved July 5, 2010. Jump up ^ `` Welcome to Google TiSP ''. Google, Inc. April 1, 2007. Retrieved July 5, 2010. Jump up ^ `` Google Paper ''. Google, Inc. April 1, 2000. Archived from the original on March 15, 2008. Retrieved July 4, 2010. Jump up ^ `` Gmail Custom Time : Google makes custom time ''. Google. April 14, 2011. Retrieved April 14, 2011. Jump up ^ Schmidt, Eric ( April 1, 2010 ). `` A different kind of company name ''. Google, Inc. Retrieved July 4, 2010. Jump up ^ `` April Fools : Google Changes Name to Topeka ''. CBS News. April 1, 2010. Retrieved July 4, 2010. Jump up ^ `` Google 's GMail Motion launched April 1 ''. GMA News. April 1, 2011. Jump up ^ `` Language Tools ''. Google, Inc. Archived from the original on June 12, 2009. Retrieved July 4, 2010. Jump up ^ `` Google Search Results for ' answer to life the universe and everything ' ''. Google, Inc. Retrieved July 4, 2010. Jump up ^ `` Google Search Results for ' recursion ' ''. Google, Inc. Retrieved July 4, 2010. Jump up ^ `` anagram search ''. Google, Inc. Retrieved September 22, 2010. Jump up ^ Chan, John ( June 9, 2010 ). `` Google celebrates World Cup with Gooooooooooal ! ''. CNET Asia. Retrieved May 18, 2011. Jump up ^ `` About the Foundation ''. Google, Inc. Archived from the original on July 14, 2010. Retrieved July 16, 2010. Jump up ^ Hafner, Katie ( September 14, 2006 ). `` Philanthropy Google 's Way : Not the Usual ''. The New York Times. Retrieved March 9, 2017. Jump up ^ Helft, Miguel ( February 23, 2009 ). `` Google Chief for Charity Steps Down on Revamp ''. The New York Times. Retrieved March 9, 2017. Jump up ^ `` Project 10 to the 100th ''. Google, Inc. Archived from the original on June 12, 2009. Retrieved July 16, 2010. Jump up ^ Van Burskirk, Elliot ( June 28, 2010 ). `` Google Struggles to Give Away $10 million ''. Wired. Retrieved September 26, 2010. Jump up ^ Twohill, Lorraine ( September 24, 2010 ). `` $10 million for Project 10 ^ 100 winners ''. Google, Inc. Retrieved September 26, 2010. Jump up ^ Duffy, Jill ( January 21, 2011 ). `` Mathletes Receive & # 128 ; 1M Donation from Google ''. PC Magazine. Ziff Davis. Retrieved March 23, 2017. Jump up ^ `` Google donating 1 million euros to IMO ''. January 20, 2011. Archived from the original on July 24, 2011. Retrieved February 4, 2011. Jump up ^ `` Google launches ' Legalise Love ' gay rights campaign ''. PinkNews.co.uk. Retrieved September 9, 2014. Jump up ^ Metz, Cade ( October 22, 2010 ). `` Google slips $3.1 bn through ' Double Irish ' tax loophole ''. The Register. Jump up ^ Leach, Anna ( October 31, 2012 ). `` French gov ' plans to hand Google € 1bn tax bill ' -- report ''. Theregister.co.uk. Retrieved January 2, 2013. Jump up ^ Kumar, Nikhil ; Wright, Oliver ( December 13, 2012 ). `` Google boss : I 'm very proud of our tax avoidance scheme ''. London : The Independent. Retrieved December 17, 2012. Jump up ^ Brid - Aine Parnell, May 17, 2013 ( May 17, 2013 ). `` ' I think you DO do evil, using smoke and mirrors to avoid tax ' ''. Theregister.co.uk. Retrieved March 13, 2014. CS1 maint : Multiple names : authors list ( link ) Jump up ^ John Gapper, January 23, 2016. `` Google strikes £ 130m back tax deal ''. FT.com. Retrieved January 24, 2016. CS1 maint : Multiple names : authors list ( link ) Jump up ^ McGrath, Jack ( May 18, 2011 ). `` Google 's Green Initiative : Environmentally Conscious Technology ''. TechnoBuffalo. Retrieved January 22, 2017. Jump up ^ Glanz, James ( September 8, 2011 ). `` Google Details, and Defends, Its Use of Electricity ''. The New York Times. Retrieved March 9, 2017. Jump up ^ `` Google 's Goal : Renewable Energy Cheaper than Coal ''. Google. November 27, 2007. Retrieved November 11, 2016. Jump up ^ Koningstein, Ross ; Fork, David ( November 18, 2014 ). `` What It Would Really Take to Reverse Climate Change ''. IEEE Spectrum. Retrieved November 11, 2016. Jump up ^ Juliet Eilperin ( June 20, 2013 ). `` Anatomy of a Washington dinner : Who funds the Competitive Enterprise Institute ? ''. The Washington Post. Retrieved July 12, 2013. Jump up ^ Suzanne Goldenberg ( July 9, 2013 ). `` Google hosts fundraiser for climate change denying US senator ''. The Guardian. London. Retrieved July 12, 2013. Jump up ^ EVAN HALPER ( September 23, 2014 ). `` Google pulls out of conservative group amid environmentalist pressure ''. Los Angeles Times. Retrieved October 3, 2014. Jump up ^ Grace Donnelly ( Nov 30, 2017 ). `` Google Just Bought Enough Wind Power to Run 100 % On Renewable Energy ''. Fortune. Jump up ^ Hamburger, Tom ; Gold, Matea ( April 13, 2014 ). `` Google, once disdainful of lobbying, now a master of Washington influence ''. The Washington Post. Jump up ^ Rosenblatt, Joel ( March 2, 2015 ). `` Apple - Google $415 Million No - Poaching Accord Wins Approval ''. BloombergBusiness. Retrieved January 24, 2016. Jump up ^ Kelion, Leo ( June 27, 2017 ). `` Google hit with record EU fine over Shopping service ''. bbc.co.uk. Retrieved June 29, 2017. Jump up ^ `` Google 's € 2.4 bn fine is small change -- the EU has bigger plans ''. newscientist.com. Retrieved June 29, 2017. Jump up ^ Drucker, Jesse ( October 21, 2010 ). `` Google 2.4 % Rate Shows How $60 Billion Is Lost to Tax Loopholes ''. Bloomberg Businessweek. Bloomberg L.P. Retrieved January 22, 2017. ( subscription required ) Jump up ^ `` Google ranked ' worst ' on privacy ''. BBC News. June 11, 2007. Retrieved April 30, 2010. Jump up ^ Rosen, Jeffrey ( November 28, 2008 ). `` Google 's Gatekeepers ''. The New York Times. Retrieved March 9, 2017. Jump up ^ Gibbs, Samuel ( November 3, 2014 ). `` Google has ' outgrown ' its 14 - year old mission statement, says Larry Page ''. The Guardian. Guardian Media Group. Retrieved March 25, 2017. Jump up ^ `` Google Code of Conduct ''. Alphabet Investor Relations. Alphabet Inc. April 11, 2012. Retrieved March 25, 2017. Jump up ^ Lawler, Richard ( October 2, 2015 ). `` Alphabet replaces Google 's ' Do n't be evil ' with ' Do the right thing ' ''. Engadget. AOL. Retrieved March 25, 2017. Jump up ^ Baxter, Holly ( October 25, 2013 ). `` Who 's more evil -- Facebook or Google ? ''. The Guardian. Guardian Media Group. Retrieved March 25, 2017. Jump up ^ Gay, Roxane ( July 29, 2016 ). `` The Blog That Disappeared ''. The New York Times. Retrieved March 9, 2017. Jump up ^ `` Edward Snowden : Leaks that exposed US spy programme ''. BBC News. January 17, 2014. Retrieved March 25, 2017. Jump up ^ Greenwald, Glenn ; MacAskill, Ewen ( June 7, 2013 ). `` NSA Prism program taps in to user data of Apple, Google and others ''. The Guardian. Guardian Media Group. Retrieved March 25, 2017. Jump up ^ Google Fires Engineer Who Wrote Memo Questioning Women in Tech. The New York Times, August 7, 2017 Jump up ^ Contentious Memo Strikes Nerve Inside Google and Out. The New York Times, August 8, 2017 Jump up ^ diversitymemo.com Jump up ^ Friedersdorf, Conor. `` The Most Common Error in Media Coverage of the Google Memo ''. Jump up ^ Brooks, David ( August 11, 2017 ). `` Sundar Pichai Should Resign as Google 's C.E.O ''. The New York Times. Archived from the original on August 11, 2017. Retrieved August 11, 2017. Jump up ^ `` New York Times columnist David Brooks wants Google 's CEO to resign ''. Business Insider. Archived from the original on August 12, 2017. Retrieved August 12, 2017. Jump up ^ Vogel, Kenneth P. ( August 31, 2017 ), `` Google Critic Ousted From Think Tank Funded by the Tech Giant '', The New York Times, pp. A1, retrieved September 11, 2017 Jump up ^ `` Tell Google : Stop Killing Monopoly Research ''. citizensagainstmonopoly.org. Jump up ^ `` Elliott v. Google, Inc., No. 15 - 15809 ( 9th Cir. 2017 ) ''. Justia Law. Retrieved 2017 - 11 - 28. Further reading Saylor, Michael ( 2012 ). The Mobile Wave : How Mobile Intelligence Will Change Everything. Perseus Books / Vanguard Press. ISBN 978 - 1593157203. External links Find more aboutGoogleat Wikipedia 's sister projects Definitions from Wiktionary Media from Wikimedia Commons News from Wikinews Quotations from Wikiquote Textbooks from Wikibooks Learning resources from Wikiversity Data from Wikidata Discussion from Meta - Wiki Official website Corporate homepage Google website at the Wayback Machine ( archived November 11, 1998 ) Google at CrunchBase Google companies grouped at OpenCorporates Business data for Google, Inc. : Reuters SEC filings Google Overview Alphabet Inc. History List of mergers and acquisitions by Alphabet Products Criticism Privacy concerns Censorship Easter eggs Do n't be evil Advertising AdMob Adscape AdSense AdWords Analytics Contributor Partners DoubleClick DoubleClick for Publishers Wallet Communication Allo Alerts Apps Script Duo Calendar Contacts Gmail history interface Google+ Groups Hangouts Inbox Sync Text - to - Speech Translate Transliteration Voice Software Assistant Lens Chrome for Android for iOS Chrome Web Store Apps Extensions Cloud Print Earth Sky Moon Mars Gadgets Gboard Goggles IME Japanese Pinyin Photos Keep News & Weather Now OpenRefine Search Operating systems Android version history software development Android Auto Android Pay Android TV Android Wear Chrome OS Chromebit Chromebook Chromebox Chrome Zone Fuchsia Programming languages Dart Go Sawzall Platforms Account Authenticator Body Books Library Project Caja Virtual reality Cardboard Daydream Cast Chromecast Cloud Platform App Engine BigQuery Bigtable Compute Engine Storage Contact Lens Custom Search Daydream Earth Engine Fit GFS Firebase G Suite Classroom Home Jamboard Marketplace Native Client Nexus OnHub OpenSocial Primer Pixel Play Books Games Movies & TV Music Newsstand Public DNS URL Shortener Wallet Wifi Development tools AJAX APIs App Inventor Closure Tools CS First Developers Dialogflow Flutter GData Googlebot Guava Guice GWS KML Kythe MapReduce Mediabot Sitemaps Summer of Code Web Toolkit Search Console Website Optimizer Swiffy Publishing Blogger Bookmarks Drive Docs, Sheets, Slides, Forms Drawings My Maps Sites Fusion Tables Domains FeedBurner Map Maker YouTube YouTube Instant YouTube Red Vevo Zagat Search ( timeline ) Appliance Blog Search Books Ngram Viewer Custom Search Finance Flights Images Maps Mars Moon Sky Street View Coverage Competition Privacy concerns News Archive Patents Public Data Scholar Shopping Usenet Videos Algorithms PageRank Panda Penguin Hummingbird Features Personalized Real - Time Instant Search SafeSearch Voice Search Analysis Insights for Search Trends Knowledge Graph Knowledge Vault Discontinued Aardvark Answers Ara Browser Sync Base Buzz Checkout Chrome Frame Click - to - Call Cloud Connect Code Search Currents Desktop Dictionary Directory Dodgeball Fast Flip Friend Connect Gears Glass Glass OS GOOG - 411 Google TV Jaiku Knol Health iGoogle Image Labeler Labs Latitude Lively Mashup Editor Notebook Offers Orkut Pack Page Creator Panoramio Picasa Picasa Web Albums Picnik PowerMeter Questions and Answers Reader Script Converter SearchWiki Sidewiki Slide Squared Talk Updater Urchin Videos Wave Web Accelerator Toolbar Other Art Project Calico Current Chrome Experiments Code - in Code Jam Developer Day Google Business Groups Made with Code Data Liberation Takeout Google Developer Expert Google for Work Self - driving car Earth Outreach Fiber GV `` Google '' Google China Google Express Googlization Grants Google.org Lunar X Prize Project Fi Material Design Motorola Mobility reCAPTCHA WiFi X Events Science Fair Searchology I / O Developer Day Code Jam Highly Open Participation Contest Code - in Projects Loon Tango Sunroof Real estate 111 Eighth Avenue Googleplex Logo Doodle4Google Google Doodles People Al Gore Alan Eustace Alan Mulally Amit Singhal Ann Mather David Drummond Eric Schmidt Jeff Dean John Doerr John L. Hennessy Krishna Bharat Matt Cutts Patrick Pichette Paul Otellini Omid Kordestani Rachel Whetstone Rajen Sheth Ram Shriram Ray Kurzweil Ruth Porat Salar Kamangar Sanjay Ghemawat Shirley M. Tilghman Sundar Pichai Susan Wojcicki Urs Hölzle Vint Cerf Hal Varian Gayglers Founders Larry Page Sergey Brin Related AI Challenge Bomb GmailFS `` Google : Behind the Screen '' ( 2006 documentary ) Google : The Thinking Factory ( 2008 documentary ) Google and the World Brain ( 2013 documentary ) Goojje Monopoly City Streets Unity Category Portal Alphabet Inc. Divisions Access Calico CapitalG DeepMind Google GV Jigsaw Nest Sidewalk Verily X Waymo People Arthur D. Levinson Astro Teller David Krane Eric Schmidt Ruth Porat Sundar Pichai Tony Fadell Andrew Conrad Founders Larry Page Sergey Brin Category Portal Task Force Links to related articles Open Handset Alliance Mobile operators Bouygues Telecom China Mobile China Telecommunications Corporation China Unicom KDDI Nepal Telecom NTT DoCoMo SoftBank Group Sprint Corporation T - Mobile Telecom Italia Telefónica Telus Vodafone Software companies Access Ascender Corporation eBay Google Myriad Group Nuance Communications NXP Software Omron PacketVideo SVOX VisualOn Semiconductor companies AKM Semiconductor, Inc. Arm Holdings Audience Broadcom CSR plc ( joined as SiRF ) Cypress Semiconductor Freescale Semiconductor Gemalto Intel Marvell Technology Group MediaTek MIPS Technologies Nvidia Qualcomm Qualcomm Atheros Renesas Electronics ST - Ericsson ( joined as Ericsson Mobile Platforms ) Synaptics Texas Instruments Handset makers Acer Inc. Alcatel Mobile Phones Asus Chaudhary Group ( with association of LG ) CCI Dell Foxconn Garmin HTC Huawei Kyocera Lenovo Mobile LG Electronics Motorola Mobility NEC Corporation Samsung Electronics Sharp Corporation Sony Mobile Toshiba ZTE Commercialization companies Accenture Borqs Sasken Communication Technologies Teleca The Astonishing Tribe Wind River Systems Wipro Technologies See also Android Dalvik virtual machine Google Nexus T - Mobile G1 Google Lunar X Prize Organizers Google Sundar Pichai Larry Page Sergey Brin X Prize Foundation Peter Diamandis Active teams Hakuto Moon Express Synergy Moon TeamIndus Team SpaceIL Withdrawn teams Advaeros AngelicvM ARCA Astrobotic Barcelona Moon Team C - Base Open Moon Euroluna FREDNET Independence - X JURBAN LunaTrex Micro-Space Mystical Moon Next Giant Leap Odyssey Moon Omega Envoy Part - Time Scientists Penn State Lunar Lion Team Team Puli Quantum3 Rocket City Space Pioneers SCSG Selenokhod SpaceMETA STELLAR Team Italia Team Phoenicia Team Plan B Team SELENE Spacecraft HHK - 1 / ECA ( TeamIndus ) SORATO ( Hakuto ) MX - 1E ( Moon Express ) Sparrow ( SpaceIL ) Tesla ( Synergy Moon ) Major information technology companies Largest IT companies Largest Internet companies Largest software companies Consulting and outsourcing Accenture Atos Booz Allen Hamilton BMC Software BT Global Services CACI Capgemini CGI Group Cognizant Deloitte Digital China DXC Technology Fujitsu HCL Technologies Hitachi Consulting IBM Global Services Indra Sistemas Infosys Infor KPMG Leidos NEC NTT DATA Orange Business Services T - Systems Tata Consultancy Services Tech Mahindra Unisys Wipro Imaging Canon Inc. HP Inc. Eastman Kodak Fujifilm Hikvision Konica Minolta Kyocera Lexmark Nikon Olympus Corporation Panasonic Ricoh ( Pentax ) Samsung Electronics Seiko Epson Sharp Sony Toshiba Xerox Information storage ADATA Dell Technologies ( Dell EMC ) Fujitsu Hitachi Data Systems Hewlett Packard Enterprise IBM Kingston Technology LenovoEMC NetApp Oracle Corporation Plextor Samsung Electronics Seagate Technology Silicon Power Sony Toshiba Transcend Information Western Digital ( SanDisk ) Internet Baidu Facebook Google IAC / InterActiveCorp Microsoft Naver NetEase Netflix Oath Tencent Twitter Uber Vox Media Yandex Cloud computing Akamai Technologies Alibaba Cloud Amazon Web Services Google IBM Microsoft Oracle Corporation Rackspace Salesforce.com E-commerce only Alibaba Group Amazon.com eBay Flipkart Groupon JD.com Shopify Rakuten Mainframes Fujitsu IBM Mobile devices Acer Inc. Amazon.com Apple ( iOS ) Asus BBK Electronics ( OPPO, OnePlus, Vivo ) BlackBerry Limited Google ( Android ) Hisense HTC Huawei Karbonn Lava ( XOLO ) Lenovo ( Motorola Mobility ) LG Electronics Meizu Micromax ( YU ) Microsoft Nokia ( HMD Global ) Panasonic Samsung Sony TCL Corporation Transsion True Xiaomi ZTE Networking equipment Avaya Cisco Systems Ericsson Fujitsu Hewlett Packard Enterprise Huawei Juniper Networks Motorola Solutions NEC Nokia Qualcomm ZTE OEMs Celestica Compal Electronics Flextronics Foxconn Jabil Pegatron Quanta Sanmina Corporation TPV Technology Wistron Corporation Personal computers and servers Acer Inc. Apple Inc. Asus Dell Fujitsu Huawei HP Inc. Lenovo LG Electronics Microsoft NEC Panasonic Positivo Razer Inc. Samsung Electronics Toshiba Servers only Cisco Systems Hewlett Packard Enterprise IBM Inspur Oracle Corporation Financial technology Euronet Worldwide FIS PayPal Fiserv Jack Henry SWIFT Square Point of sale Casio NCR Panasonic Samsung Electronics Seiko Epson Sharp Star Micronics Toshiba Wincor Nixdorf Semiconductors ASE Group Fujitsu Infineon Technologies Integrated Micro-Electronics, Inc. Intel NXP Semiconductors ( Freescale ) ON Semiconductor Panasonic Renesas Electronics Samsung Electronics Sony STMicroelectronics Texas Instruments Fabless Advanced Micro Devices Apple Inc. Broadcom Marvell Technology Group MediaTek Nvidia Qualcomm VIA Technologies Memory Micron Technology Samsung Electronics SanDisk SK Hynix Toshiba Foundries GlobalFoundries TSMC United Microelectronics Corporation Samsung Foundry SMIC Equipment ASML Applied Materials KLA - Tencor Lam Research Tokyo Electron Software Adobe Systems Amadeus IT Group Apple Inc. Autodesk BMC Software CA Technologies FIS Google Hewlett Packard Enterprise IBM Intuit Infor Microsoft Oracle Corporation Quest Software Sage Group SAP SE Symantec VMware Telecommunications América Móvil AT&T Bell Canada Bezeq Bharti Airtel Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited BT Group CenturyLink China Mobile China Telecommunications Corporation China Telecom China Unicom Chunghwa Telecom Comcast Deutsche Telekom Digicel FLOW Hutchison Asia Idea Cellular Jio KDDI KPN KT Corporation Mahanagar Telephone Nigam MTN MTS Nippon NTT DoCoMo Oi Orange S.A. PCCW Reliance Rogers Shaw Singtel SK Telecom SoftBank Mobile Spark Sprint Corporation Swisscom Taiwan Mobile Tata Teleservices Telecom Italia Telefónica Telenor Telus Telmex Telstra TPG Trilogy International Partners True Türk Telekom Veon Verizon Viettel Vivendi Vodafone Travel technology Amadeus IT Group Sabre Corporation Travelport Video games Activision Blizzard Atari Bandai Namco Capcom ‎ Deep Silver Disney Mobile Electronic Arts Epic Games Gameloft Glu Mobile LucasArts Koei Tecmo Konami Marvelous Microsoft NCsoft Nexon Nintendo Nippon Ichi Software Sega SNK Sony Square Enix Take - Two Interactive Tencent Ubisoft Valve Warner Bros. ZeniMax Methodology : FY2014 / 15 applicable revenues of over : groups 1 -- 3, 6 -- 12 : US $3 billion ; group 4 : US $2 billion ; groups 5, 13, 16 : US $1 billion VIAF : 124291214 LCCN : no00095539 ISNI : 0000 0004 0635 6729 GND : 10122609 - 3 SELIBR : 293303 SUDOC : 110886259 BNF : cb15026135n ( data ) BIBSYS : 4092379 NLA : 50414901 NKC : kn20050213003 Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Google&oldid=818232727 '' Categories : Google 1998 establishments in California 2004 initial public offerings Alphabet Inc. American websites Artificial intelligence Brands that became generic Cloud computing providers Companies based in Mountain View, California Companies in the PRISM network Computer companies established in 1998 Computer - related introductions in 1998 Internet companies of the United States Internet marketing companies Internet properties established in 1998 Mobile phone manufacturers Multinational companies headquartered in the United States Online advertising Technology companies based in the San Francisco Bay Area Technology companies established in 1998 University spin - offs Virtual reality companies Web portals Web service providers Webby Award winners World Wide Web Eyewear companies of the United States Hidden categories : CS1 French - language sources ( fr ) Pages containing links to subscription - only content CS1 maint : Multiple names : authors list Wikipedia indefinitely semi-protected pages Wikipedia indefinitely move - protected pages Use American English from April 2015 All Wikipedia articles written in American English Use mdy dates from September 2017 Citation overkill Articles tagged with the inline citation overkill template from March 2017 Webarchive template wayback links OpenCorporates groupings Wikipedia articles with VIAF identifiers Wikipedia articles with LCCN identifiers Wikipedia articles with ISNI identifiers Wikipedia articles with GND identifiers Wikipedia articles with SELIBR identifiers Wikipedia articles with BNF identifiers Wikipedia articles with BIBSYS identifiers Wikipedia articles with NLA identifiers Talk View source Search Contents About Wikipedia Meta - Wiki Wikiquote Wikiversity Afrikaans አማርኛ Ænglisc অসমীয়া Asturianu Azərbaycanca تۆرکجه Bamanankan বাংলা Bahasa Banjar Bân - lâm - gú Беларуская Беларуская ( тарашкевіца ) ‎ भोजपुरी Български Boarisch Bosanski Brezhoneg Català Чӑвашла Cebuano Čeština Cymraeg Dansk Deutsch Dolnoserbski Eesti Ελληνικά Español Esperanto Euskara فارسی Føroyskt Français Gaeilge Galego 贛 語 ગુજરાતી 客家 語 / Hak - kâ - ngî 한국어 Հայերեն हिन्दी Hornjoserbsce Hrvatski Ido Bahasa Indonesia ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ / inuktitut Íslenska Italiano עברית Basa Jawa ಕನ್ನಡ ქართული Қазақша Kirundi Kreyòl ayisyen Kurdî Кыргызча ລາວ لۊری شومالی Latina Latviešu Lietuvių Magyar मैथिली Македонски Malagasy മലയാളം मराठी მარგალური مصرى مازِرونی Bahasa Melayu Mìng - dĕ̤ng - ngṳ̄ Монгол မြန်မာဘာသာ Nāhuatl Nederlands नेपाली 日本 語 Norsk Norsk nynorsk Occitan ଓଡ଼ିଆ Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча ਪੰਜਾਬੀ پنجابی پښتو ភាសា ខ្មែរ Piemontèis Plattdüütsch Polski Português Qaraqalpaqsha Română Runa Simi Русский Саха тыла Scots Shqip Sicilianu සිංහල Simple English سنڌي Slovenčina Slovenščina Soomaaliga کوردی Српски / srpski Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски Basa Sunda Suomi Svenska Tagalog தமிழ் Татарча / tatarça తెలుగు Tetun ไทย Тоҷикӣ ತುಳು Türkçe Türkmençe Thuɔŋjäŋ Українська اردو Vèneto Tiếng Việt Walon 文言 West - Vlams Winaray ייִדיש Yorùbá 粵語 Zazaki Zeêuws Žemaitėška 中文 डोटेली Kabɩyɛ Edit links This page was last edited on 2 January 2018, at 10 : 50. Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution - ShareAlike License ; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia ® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization. About Wikipedia Developers

Question: what is the original meaning of the word google
Answer: the number 1 followed by 100 zeros