European Centre for medium - range weather forecasts - wikipedia European Centre for medium - range weather forecasts This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. ( August 2010 ) Coordinates : 51 ° 25 ′ 10 '' N 0 ° 57 ′ 03 '' W ﻿ / ﻿ 51.41956 ° N 0.95077 ° W ﻿ / 51.41956 ; - 0.95077 European Centre for Medium - Range Weather Forecasts Formation Headquarters Reading, United Kingdom Website http://www.ecmwf.int/ The European Centre for Medium - Range Weather Forecasts, ECMWF, is an independent intergovernmental organisation supported by most of the nations of Europe and is based at Shinfield Park, Reading, United Kingdom. It operates one of the largest supercomputer complexes in Europe and the world 's largest archive of numerical weather prediction data. Contents 1 Background 2 Member and Co-operating States 3 Objectives 4 Work and projects 4.1 Forecasting 4.2 Monthly and seasonal forecasts 4.3 Early warning of severe weather events 4.4 Satellite data 4.5 Reanalysis 4.6 Operational forecast model 5 See also 6 References 7 Further reading 8 External links Background ECMWF was established in 1975, in recognition of the need to pool the scientific and technical resources of Europe 's meteorological services and institutions for the production of weather forecasts for medium - range timescales ( up to approximately two weeks ) and of the economic and social benefits expected from it. members as of 2015 co-operation agreement It comprises 22 European countries : the eighteen founding states of 1975 : Austria, Belgium, Croatia, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Republic of Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, United Kingdom. four states that joined since 2010 : Iceland ( April 2011 ), Slovenia ( December 2012 ), Serbia ( January 2015 ) and Croatia ( January 2016 ). It also has co-operation agreements with other states : Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Israel, Latvia, Lithuania, Macedonia, Montenegro, Morocco, Romania and Slovakia. The Centre employs about 280 staff, mostly appointed from across the member states and co-operating states. The Centre is considering an offer from the Italian Government to move ECMWF 's data centre to Bologna, Italy. The new site, a former tobacco factory, would be redesigned by the architecture firm gmp. Member and Co-operating States Member state Year of joining Austria Belgium Croatia 2011 Denmark Finland France Germany Greece 1976 Iceland 2011 Ireland Italy 1977 Luxembourg 2002 Netherlands Norway Portugal 1976 Serbia 2014 Slovenia 2011 Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey 1976 United Kingdom Co-operating State Year of joining Bulgaria 12 July 2010 Czech Republic 1 August 2001 Estonia 7 November 2005 Republic of Macedonia 9 February 2011 Hungary 1 July 1994 Israel 28 October 2010 Latvia 30 April 2008 Lithuania 20 November 2006 Montenegro 5 November 2007 Morocco 1 December 2006 Romania 22 December 2003 Slovakia 1 January 2008 Co-operating agreements Year of joining WMO 1 November 1975 EUMETSAT 18 May 1988 ACMAD 11 May 1995 ALADIN / HILRLAM - Use of IFS / Arpege 19 February 1999 JRC 6 May 2003 CTBTO 24 June 2003 CLRTAP 26 January 2005 ESA 31 May 2005 Memorandum of Understanding for Joint Liaison Office with European institutions in Brussels 23 April 2010 RIMES 8 February 2012 Objectives ECMWF aims to provide accurate medium - range global weather forecasts out to 15 days and seasonal forecasts out to 12 months. Its products are provided to the national weather services of its member states and co-operating states as a complement to their national short - range and climatological activities, and those national states use ECMWF 's products for their own national duties, in particular to give early warning of potentially damaging severe weather. ECMWF 's core mission is to : Produce numerical weather forecasts and monitor planetary systems that influence weather Carry out scientific and technical research to improve forecast skill Maintain an archive of meteorological data To deliver this core mission, the Centre provides : Twice - daily global numerical weather forecasts Air quality analysis Atmospheric composition monitoring Climate monitoring Ocean circulation analysis Hydrological prediction The Centre develops and operates global atmospheric models and data assimilation systems for the dynamics, thermodynamics and composition of the Earth 's atmosphere and for interacting parts of the Earth - system. It uses numerical weather prediction methods to prepare forecasts and their initial conditions, and it contributes to monitoring the relevant parts of the Earth system. Work and projects Forecasting Numerical weather prediction ( NWP ) requires input of meteorological data, collected by satellites and earth observation systems such as automatic and manned stations, aircraft, ships and weather balloons. Assimilation of this data is used to produce an initial state of a computer model of the atmosphere, from which an atmospheric model is used to forecast the weather. These forecasts are typically : medium - range forecasts, predicting the weather up to 15 days ahead monthly forecasts, predicting the weather on a weekly basis 30 days ahead seasonal forecasts up to 12 months ahead. Over the past three decades ECMWF 's wide - ranging programme of research has played a major role in developing such assimilation and modelling systems. This improves the accuracy and reliability of weather forecasting by about a day per decade, so that a seven - day forecast now ( 2015 ) is as accurate as a three - day forecast was four decades ago ( 1975 ). Monthly and seasonal forecasts ECMWF 's monthly and seasonal forecasts provide early predictions of events such as heat waves, cold spells and droughts, as well as their impacts on sectors such as agriculture, energy and health. Since ECMWF runs a wave model, there are also predictions of coastal waves and storm surges in European waters which can be used to provide warnings. Early warning of severe weather events Forecasts of severe weather events allow appropriate mitigating action to be taken and contingency plans to be put into place by the authorities and the public. The increased time gained by issuing accurate warnings can save lives, for instance by evacuating people from a storm surge area. Authorities and businesses can plan to maintain services around threats such as high winds, floods or snow. In October 2012 the ECMWF model suggested seven days in advance that Hurricane Sandy was likely to make landfall on the East Coast of the United States. It also predicted the intensity and track of the November 2012 nor'easter, which impacted the east coast a week after Sandy. ECMWF 's Extreme Forecast Index ( EFI ) was developed as a tool to identify where the EPS forecast distribution differs substantially from that of the model climate. It contains information regarding variability of weather parameters, in location and time and can highlight an abnormality of a weather situation without having to define specific space - and time - dependent thresholds. Satellite data This section contains wording that promotes the subject in a subjective manner without imparting real information. Please remove or replace such wording and instead of making proclamations about a subject 's importance, use facts and attribution to demonstrate that importance. ( February 2015 ) ECMWF, through its partnerships with EUMETSAT, ESA, the EU and the European Science community has established a leading position for Europe in the exploitation of satellite data for operational numerical weather prediction, and for operational seasonal forecasting with coupled atmosphere - ocean - land models. The increasing amount of satellite data and the development of more sophisticated ways of extraction information from that data have made a major contribution to improving the accuracy and utility of NWP forecasts. ECMWF continuously endeavours to improve the use of satellite observations for NWP. Reanalysis This section contains wording that promotes the subject in a subjective manner without imparting real information. Please remove or replace such wording and instead of making proclamations about a subject 's importance, use facts and attribution to demonstrate that importance. ( February 2015 ) ECMWF makes significant contributions to support research on climate variability, pioneering an approach known as reanalysis. This involves feeding weather observations collected over decades into a NWP system to recreate past atmospheric, sea - and land - surface conditions over specific time periods to obtain a clearer picture of how the climate has changed. Reanalysis provides a four - dimensional picture of the atmosphere and effectively allows monitoring of the variability and change of global climate, thereby contributing also to the understanding and attribution of climate change. To date, and with support from Europe 's National Meteorological Services and the European Commission, ECMWF has conducted two major reanalyses of the global atmosphere : the first ECMWF re-analysis ( ERA - 15 ) project generated reanalyses from December 1978 to February 1994 ; the ERA - 40 project generated reanalyses from September 1957 to August 2002. Operational forecast model Main article : Integrated Forecast System ECMWF 's operational forecasts are produced from its `` Integrated Forecast System '' ( sometimes informally known in the United States as the `` European model '' ) which is run every twelve hours and forecasts out to ten days. It includes both in a `` deterministic forecast '' mode and as an ensemble. The deterministic forecast is a single model run that is relatively high in both resolution but also in computational expense. The ensemble is relatively low ( about half that of the deterministic ) in resolution and so in computational expense, so less accurate. But it is run 51 times in parallel, from slightly different initial conditions to give a spread of likelihood over the range of the forecast. See also EUMETNET EUMETSAT References ^ Jump up to : `` Who we are ''. ECMWF. Retrieved 2016 - 01 - 01. Jump up ^ Iceland is the first new Member State under the amended Convention. The original Convention restricted membership to the founding Member States, but was amended in June 2010. Jump up ^ `` Slovenia becomes ECMWF 's 20th Member State ''. ecmwf.int. ECMWF. Archived from the original on 3 September 2013. Retrieved 8 December 2012. Jump up ^ `` Serbia becomes ECMWF 's 21st Member State ''. Jump up ^ http://www.ecmwf.int/en/about/media-centre/news/2016/croatian-flag-raised-ecmwf Jump up ^ `` Weather supercomputing ' heads to Italy ' ''. Jump up ^ `` ECMWF Member States ''. ECMWF. 2017. Jump up ^ `` ECMWF Co-operating States ''. ECMWF. 2017. Jump up ^ `` ECMWF Co-operating Agreements ''. ECMWF. 2017. Jump up ^ Deutscher Wetterdienst. `` ECMWF - European Centre for Medium - Range Weather Forecasts ''. Berlin, Germany : Federal Ministry of Transport and Digital Infrasctructure. Retrieved 29 April 2014. Established in 1975, ECMWF is renowned worldwide for providing the most accurate medium - range global weather forecasts up to 10 days ahead, monthly forecasts and seasonal outlooks to six months ahead. Jump up ^ `` The Forecast For Weather Technology ''. Sky News. 2015 - 07 - 17. Retrieved 2016 - 01 - 01. Jump up ^ Roulstone, Ian ; Norbury, John ( 25 July 2013 ). `` How Math helped forecast Hurricane Sandy ''. Scientific American. Retrieved 9 August 2013. Jump up ^ `` Moderate - strength Nor'easter may hit Sandy - devastated areas Wednesday Category 6 TM ''. www.wunderground.com. Retrieved 2017 - 05 - 01. Jump up ^ `` Modelling and Prediction ''. ECMWF. Retrieved 2016 - 01 - 02. Further Reading Woods, Austin ( 2006 ). Medium - Range Weather Prediction -- the European Approach. Springer. ISBN 978 - 0 - 387 - 26928 - 3. External links Official Website ERA - 15 reanalysis ERA - 40 reanalysis ECMWF on TOP500.org National meteorological organizations Africa Mozambique National Institute of Meteorology South African Weather Service Asia Afghanistan Meteorological Authority Bangladesh Meteorological Department China Meteorological Administration Central Weather Bureau ( Taiwan ) Hong Kong Observatory India Meteorological Department Indonesian Agency for Meteorology, Climatology and Geophysics Israel Meteorological Service Japan Meteorological Agency Macao Meteorological and Geophysical Bureau Malaysian Meteorological Department Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration Hydrometeorological Centre of Russia Pakistan Meteorological Department Korea Meteorological Administration Meteorological Service Singapore Thai Meteorological Department Turkish State Meteorological Service Europe Central Institution for Meteorology and Geodynamics ( Austria ) Royal Meteorological Institute ( Belgium ) Czech Hydrometeorological Institute Croatian Meteorological and Hydrological Service Danish Meteorological Institute Estonian Meteorological and Hydrological Institute Finnish Meteorological Institute Météo - France Deutscher Wetterdienst ( Germany ) Hellenic National Meteorological Service ( Greece ) Icelandic Meteorological Office Met Éireann ( Ireland ) Servizio Meteorologico ( Italy ) Latvian Environment, Geology and Meteorology Centre Lithuanian Hydrometeorological Service Hydrometeorological Institute of Montenegro Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute Norwegian Meteorological Institute Instituto Português do Mar e da Atmosfera ( Portugal ) Administrația Națională de Meteorologie ( Romania ) Hydrometeorological Centre of Russia Republic Hydrometeorological Institute of Serbia Slovenian Environment Agency Agencia Estatal de Meteorología ( Spain ) Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute MeteoSwiss Met Office ( United Kingdom ) North America Caribbean Institute for Meteorology and Hydrology ( regional ) Meteorological Service of Canada Instituto Meteorológico Nacional ( Costa Rica ) Instituto Nacional de Sismología, Vulcanología, Meteorología e Hidrología ( Guatemala ) Servicio Meteorológico Nacional ( Mexico ) National Weather Service ( United States ) Oceania Bureau of Meteorology ( Australia ) Fiji Meteorological Service Meteorological Service of New Zealand Tonga Meteorological Service Tuvalu Meteorological Service South America Centro de Previsão do Tempo e Estudos Climáticos ( Brazil ) Institute of Hydrology, Meteorology and Environmental Studies ( Colombia ) Instituto Nacional de Meteorología e Hidrología ( Ecuador ) Intercontinental : European Centre for Medium - Range Weather Forecasts Global : World Meteorological Organization Major physics research facilities based in the United Kingdom Fusion Joint European Torus ( JET ) Mega Ampere Spherical Tokamak ( MAST ) Synchrotron light sources Diamond Light Source ALICE Synchrotron Radiation Source ( decommissioned ) Lasers Central Laser Facility Neutron and muon sources ISIS Atmospheric, astronomy and space science UK Astronomy Technology Centre Chilbolton Observatory Jodrell Bank Observatory ECMWF Miscellaneous Medium Energy Ion Scattering Facility Atmospheric, oceanographic and climate models Model types Atmospheric model Climate model Numerical weather prediction Tropical cyclone forecast model Atmospheric dispersion modeling Chemical transport model Upper - atmospheric models Ensemble forecasting Model output statistics Meteorological reanalysis Parametrization Specific models Climate IGCM HadCM3 HadGEM1 GFDL CM2. X CGCM CCSM CESM CFSv2 ECHAM MPAS Global weather IFS ( ECMWF ) FIM GEM / GDPS GFS NAEFS NAVGEM UM JMA - GSM GME / ICON ARPEGE Regional and mesoscale atmospheric NAM RR / RAP RAMS WRF RAQMS HIRLAM LAPS RPM Regional and mesoscale oceanographic HyCOM ROMS POM MOM FVCOM MITgcm FESOM Atmospheric dispersion ADMS AERMOD ATSTEP AUSTAL2000 CALPUFF DISPERSION21 ISC3 MEMO MERCURE NAME OSPM PUFF - PLUME RIMPUFF SAFE AIR Chemical transport CLaMS MOZART GEOS - Chem Land surface parametrization JULES CLASS ISBA Discontinued AVN / MRF / GSM Eta LFM MM5 NGM NOGAPS RUC Mathematical model Statistical model Scientific modelling Computer simulation Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=European_Centre_for_Medium-Range_Weather_Forecasts&oldid=802441858 '' Categories : 1975 establishments in the United Kingdom Climate of Europe Climate of the United Kingdom European research networks Government agencies established in 1975 Governmental meteorological agencies in Europe Meteorological institutions and stations Organisations based in Reading, Berkshire Research institutes established in 1975 Research institutes in Berkshire Wokingham Borough Hidden categories : EngvarB from September 2013 Use dmy dates from September 2013 Articles needing additional references from August 2010 All articles needing additional references Coordinates on Wikidata Wikipedia articles needing clarification from January 2016 Articles with peacock terms from February 2015 All articles with peacock terms All articles with unsourced statements Articles with unsourced statements from October 2011 Talk Contents About Wikipedia Català Deutsch Español Français Italiano Nederlands 日本 語 Norsk nynorsk Polski Suomi 中文 Edit links This page was last edited on 26 September 2017, at 05 : 02. 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Question: what is the name of the european weather model
Answer: Integrated Forecast System