President of Pakistan - wikipedia President of Pakistan President of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan صدر مملکت اسلامی جمہوریہ پاکستان Standard of the President of Pakistan Incumbent Mamnoon Hussain since 9 September 2013 Style Mr. President ( informal ) Honourable President ( formal ) His Excellency ( In international correspondence ) Type Head of State ( Ceremonial ) Residence Aiwan - e-Sadar Seat Islamabad Appointer Electoral College Term length Five years Renewable once Constituting instrument Constitution of Pakistan Inaugural holder Iskandar Mirza ( 1956 - 1958 ) Formation 23 March 1956 ( 60 years ago ) Website President of Pakistan Pakistan This article is part of a series on the politics and government of Pakistan Constitution Parliament Senate Chairman : Raza Rabbani Deputy Chairman : Abdul Ghafoor Haideri National Assembly Speaker : Sardar A. Sadiq Deputy Speaker : Murtaza Javed Abbasi Government President ( list ) Mamnoon Hussain Prime Minister ( list ) Shahid Khaqan Abbasi Federal Cabinet Judiciary Supreme Judicial Council Supreme Court Chief Justice Federal Shariat Court Supreme Appellate Court Gilgit - Baltistan Chief Justices Islamabad High Court Provincial High Courts Chief Court Gilgit - Baltistan District Courts Governors Punjab Malik Muhammad Rafique Rajwana Balochistan Muhammad Khan Achakzai Sindh Mohammad Zubair Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Iqbal Zafar Jhagra Gilgit -- Baltistan Mir Ghazanfar Ali Khan Chief Ministers Punjab Shahbaz Sharif Sindh Murad Ali Shah Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pervez Khattak Balochistan Sanaullah Zehri Gilgit - Baltistan Hafiz Hafeezur Rehman Political parties Muttahida Majlis - e-Amal Muttahida Qaumi Movement Pakistan Peoples Party Pakistan Muslim League ( N ) Pakistan Muslim League ( Q ) Jamaat - e-Islami Pakistan Tehreek - e-Insaf Awami National Party Minor parties Elections Election Commission Electoral College Recent elections Presidential : 2013 2008 2007 General : 2013 2008 2002 Administrative units Balochistan Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Punjab Sindh Capital Territory Tribal areas Azad Kashmir Gilgit -- Baltistan Local government Divisions Districts Tehsils Union councils Foreign relations India -- Pakistan relations Kashmir conflict Embassies Other countries Atlas The President of Pakistan ( Urdu : صدر مملکت پاکستان ‎ -- Ṣadr - e Mumlikat - e Pākistān, Urdu pronunciation : ( ˌsəd̪ˈr - eː ˈmʊm. lɪˌkət̪ - e pɑː. kɪs. t̪ɑːn ) ), is the ceremonial head of state of Pakistan and a figurehead who represents the `` unity of the Republic. '' The President holds the legal title de jure and is a civilian commander - in - chief of the Pakistan Armed Forces as per the constitution of Pakistan. This position places its holder in leadership of the nation, and is kept informed by the Prime Minister of Pakistan on all matters of internal and foreign policy, as well as on all legislative proposals. The Constitution of Pakistan vests the President the powers of granting pardons, reprieves, and the control of the military ; however, all appointments at higher commands of the military must be made by the President on a `` required and necessary '' basis, upon consultation and approval from the Prime Minister. In addition, the constitution prohibits the President from exercising the authority of running the government. The president is indirectly elected by the Parliament through the Electoral College for a five - year term. The Constitution requires the President to be a `` Muslim of not less than forty - five years of age ''. The President resides in an estate in Islamabad known as Aiwan - e-Sadar ( lit. Presidency Palace ). There have been a total of 12 Presidents. In case of absence of the President, the Chairman Senate takes over as the Acting President until the President resumes office, or the election for the next President is held. The current President is Mamnoon Hussain, who took office on 9 September 2013 as the 12th President of Pakistan. Contents 1 Powers and Authority 1.1 Role of the president 1.2 Eligibility and selection process 1.3 Election and oath 1.4 Line of succession and removal 2 List of Presidents 2.1 Chronological list of Presidents with tenure 2.2 Living Former Presidents 3 Political background 3.1 Early origins 3.2 Past Interventions 3.3 Figurehead overview 4 See also 5 References 6 External links Powers and authority Role of the President The Ceremonial guard of honour at the Aiwan - e-sadr. The official residence and principal workplace of the president is the Anum Empire building. Aiwan - e-Sadr -- the presidential palace located in northeastern Islamabad. The presidency forms the vital institutional organ of state and is part of the bicameral Parliament. Powers to exercise the authority are limited to the ceremonial figurehead, and required to address the Parliament to give a direction for national policies before being informed of its key decisions. In addition, the President is also a civil commander - in - chief of the military, with Chairman joint chiefs being its chief military adviser to maintain the control of the military. After a thorough confirmation comes from the Prime Minister, the President confirms the judicial appointments in the national court system. In addition, the Constitution allows the President to grant pardons, reprieves, and clemency in cases recommended to him by the executive and the judiciary. The President himself has absolute constitutional immunity from criminal and civil proceedings, and no proceedings can be initiated or continued against him during the term of his office. There shall be a President of Pakistan who shall be the Head of State and shall represent the `` unity of the Republic. '' -- Article 41 in Chapter 1 : The President of Part III : The Federation of Pakistan in the Constitution of Pakistan, source From 2000 until 2009, the President was the chairman of the National Security Council who had authority and control over the nuclear and strategic arsenals ; however, the chairmanship and the powers transferred back to Prime Minister. Furthermore, the presidential powers have significantly declined with Pakistan 's government reversed to a parliamentary democratic republic. Eligibility and selection process The Constitution of Pakistan sets the principle qualifications that the candidate must meet to be eligible to the office of the President. A President has to be : A citizen of Pakistan. A Muslim. At least 45 years of age. Qualified to be elected as member of the National Assembly. Whenever the Aiwan - e-Sadr becomes vacant, the selection of president is done by the electoral college, which consists of both houses of Parliament ( the Senate and National Assembly ) and the four provincial assemblies. The Chief Election Commissioner has to conduct elections to the office of the President in a special session. Voting takes place in secrecy. Each elector casts a different number of votes. The general principle is that the total number of votes cast by members of Parliament equals the total number of votes cast by provincial legislators. Also, legislators from larger states cast more votes than those from smaller provinces. The actual calculation for votes cast by a particular state is calculated by dividing the state 's population by numbers of seat, which is divided again by the number of legislators from the state voting in the electoral college. The constitution further states that election to the office of President will not be held earlier than sixty days and not later than thirty days before the expiration of the term of the President in office. Election and oath The president is elected indirectly for a term of five years. The incumbent president is eligible for re-election to that office, but can not hold that office for more than two consecutive terms. The president is required to make and subscribe in the presence of the Chief Justice --, an oath or affirmation that the president shall protect, preserve and defend the Constitution as follows : I, ( name ), do solemnly swear that I am a Muslim and believe in the Unity and Oneness of Almighty Allah, the Books of Allah, the Holy Qura'an being the last of them, the Prophethood of Muhammad ( peace be upon him ) as the last of the Prophets and that there can be no Prophet after him, the Day of Judgment, and all the requirements and teachings of the Holy Quran and Sunnah : That I will bear true faith and allegiance to Pakistan : That, as President of Pakistan, I will discharge my duties, and perform my functions, honestly, to the best of my ability, faithfully in accordance with the Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan and the law, and always in the interest of the sovereignty, integrity, solidarity, well - being and prosperity of Pakistan : That I will not allow my personal interest to influence my official conduct or my official decisions : That I will preserve, protect and defend the Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan : That, in all circumstances, I will do right to all manner of people, according to law, without fear or favour, affection or ill - will : And that I will not directly or indirectly communicate or reveal to any person any matter which shall be brought under my consideration or shall become known to me as President of Pakistan, except as may be required for the due discharge of my duties as President. -- Article 42 in Chapter 1 : The President in Part III : The Federation of Pakistan in the Constitution of Pakistan Line of succession and removal Main article : Line of succession to the President of Pakistan The Constitution discusses the possibility of an acting president. Certain office - holders, however, are permitted to stand as Presidential candidates in case of vacancy as the constitution does not allow for a vice president : The Chairman of the Senate of Pakistan The Speaker of the National Assembly of Pakistan. The President may be removed before the expiry of the term through impeachment. The President can be removed for violation of the Constitution of Pakistan. The impeachment process may start in either of the two houses of the Parliament. The house initiates the process by leveling the charges against the President. The charges are contained in a notice that has to be signed by either the Chairman or the Speaker National Assembly through a two - third majority. The notice is sent up to the President, and 14 days later it is taken up for consideration. A resolution to impeach the President has to be passed by the two - third majority. The Speaker National Assembly then summons the joint session not earlier than seven days. The President has the right to defend oneself. If the resolution is passed by the two - third majority at the joint session declaring that the President is unfit to hold the office due to incapacity or is guilty of violating the Constitution or of gross misconduct, then the President shall cease to hold office immediately on the passing of the resolution. No president has faced impeachment proceedings. However, the proceedings have been used in 2008 in an attempt to impeach former president Pervez Musharraf who tendered the resignation after the proceedings above were used. List of Presidents Main article : List of Presidents of Pakistan Chronological list of Presidents with tenure Iskander Mirza Ayub Khan Yahya Khan Zulfikar Ali Bhutto Fazal Ilahi Chaudhry Muhammad Zia - ul - Haq Ghulam Ishaq Khan Farooq Leghari Living Former Presidents Living former presidents Muhammad Rafiq Tarar ( PML - N ) 9th, served 1998 -- 2001 1929 ( age 87 -- 88 ) Pervez Musharraf ( PML - Q ) 10th, served 2001 -- 2008 1943 ( age 73 -- 74 ) Asif Ali Zardari ( PPP ) 11th, served 2008 - 2013 1955 ( age 61 -- 62 ) Political background Presidential standard ( 1956 -- 1967 ) Early origins From 1947 until 1956, the Governor - General of Pakistan acted for the head of state : King George VI ( until 1952 ) and Queen Elizabeth II ( from 1952 ). With the promulgation of the first Constitution, Pakistan became an Islamic republic in 1956, and the Governor - General was replaced with the presidency. The incumbent Governor - General, Iskander Ali Mirza, became Pakistan 's first president. He reportedly suspended the first Constitution in 1958, and appointed Army Commander - in - Chief General Ayub Khan as the first chief martial law administrator. Khan subsequently dismissed Mirza in order to become the president. The second Constitution introduced by President Ayub Khan turned the country into a presidential republic without direct elections. Succumbing to internal and international pressure, however, Khan held a nationwide presidential election in 1965. Khan successfully campaigned against his opponent, Fatima Jinnah, for a second term, but some have alleged that elections were rigged in favour of Khan. Presidential standard ( 1974 -- 1998 ) Controversy regarding the U-2 incident ( 1960 ), privatization ( 1963 ), and war with India ( 1965 ), fueled a fierce left - wing opposition movement led by Zulfikar Ali Bhutto of the PPP and Bengali nationalist Sheikh Mujibur Rahman who, with the support of demonstrators, aimed to further weaken the presidency. Suffering from paralysis and declining health, Ayub Khan handed over the presidency to army chief General Yahya Khan, who imposed martial law and announced that nationwide elections would be held in 1970. Eventually, general elections were held in 1970 which saw the PPP gaining a majority of seats in Pakistan and the Awami League gaining a majority in East Pakistan. After he was unable to reach a compromise between the PPP and the Awami League, President Yahya Khan invited Nurul Amin of the Pakistan Muslim League to become the Prime Minister, and also appointed him as the first Vice President. The growing instigated violence against Pakistanis in East Pakistan forced President Yahya Khan to use force in order to maintain order there, which further escalated Bengali resistance ( 1970 ). Preemptive strikes against India led to another war in 1971, which freed East Pakistan and created Bangladesh. Taking personal responsibility for the political isolation and devastation of Pakistan after the fall of East Pakistan, President Yahya Khan stepped down and ceded power to Zulfikar Ali Bhutto. President Bhutto created the current Constitution of Pakistan in 1973, transforming Pakistan into a parliamentary democracy, and reducing presidential powers to that of a ceremonial figurehead. Past interventions The general elections held in 1977 resulted in an atmosphere of civil unrest instigated by the right - wing alliance, the Pakistan National Alliance. The events leading to it resulted in military intervention by chief of army staff General Zia - ul - Haq and Chairman Joint Chiefs Admiral Mohammad Shariff. Suspending the Constitution in 1977, General Zia - ul - Haq took over the presidency in 1978. Zia 's presidency oversaw the modern growth of far - right ideas in the country. Succumbing to domestic pressure to restore the Constitution, President Zia - ul - Haq held a referendum ( 1984 ) and called for general elections in 1985. President Zia - ul - Haq appointed Mohammad Junejo as Prime Minister and assumed more powers through the constitutional amendment. After dismissing Prime Minister Junejo, President Zia - ul - Haq announced that new general elections would be held, but President Zia died in a place crash in 1988. The general elections held in 1988 witnessed the victory of PPP in 1988, and appointed Chairman Senate Ghulam Ishaq Khan to the presidency. Conflict between Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto and President Ghulam Ishaq Khan arose in two areas regarding the issues of appointments. President Ghulam Ishaq Khan repeatedly intervened in government matters and leveled charges against Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto ; thus dismissing Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto in 1990. After holding general elections in 1990, Nawaz Sharif brought up an ideologically conservative government and President Ghulam Ishaq Khan unsuccessfully tried to dismiss Sharif. After a successful intervention by Supreme Court and Chairman Joint Chiefs General Shamim Allam, President Ghulam Ishaq Khan and Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif tendered resignations in 1993. Following the new elections held in 1993, Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto established a strong government after appointing loyalist Farooq Leghari to the presidency. However, the corruption charges and the controversial death of Murtaza Bhutto in 1996 resulted in President Farooq Leghari dismissing Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto. In 1997, President Farooq Leghari could not overcome the heavy mandate bestowed on Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif by the public in 1997. President Leghari unsuccessfully supported Chief Justice Sajjad Ali Shah -- both of them resigned, ending the conflict between the Judiciary, the Executive, and the Parliament. After appointing Rafiq Tarar, the Parliament successfully passed constitutional amendment to decisively limit the presidency. After staging a controversial self coup in 1999, General Pervez Musharraf dismissed Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif and President Rafiq Tarar in 2001 while assuming more powers to the presidency. In January 2004, the Electoral College elected Musharraf, and as a result he was, according to the Constitution, `` deemed to be elected ''. President Musharraf 's repeated unconstitutional intervention resulted in a standoff with the Judiciary, and declared a state of emergency in 2007, after dismissing the senior justices of the Supreme Court. Although Musharraf was elected in 2007, the constitutional legality of Musharraf 's rule was found dubious. A populist constitutional movement eventually resulted in Musharraf 's departure. On 22 August 2008, the electoral commission called for presidential nominations to be delivered by 26 August 2008 and for elections to be held on 6 September 2008. Figurehead overview After the presidential election held in 2008, Asif Ali Zardari lobbied for constitutional amendment to restore the Constitution as it was in 1973. In 2010, the Parliament unanimously and with a large majority, passed the eighteenth amendment of the constitution. It revoked the presidential powers and changed Pakistan from a semi-presidential system of government to a parliamentary republic, with great hopes of governmental stability in the future. On 9 September 2013, Mamnoon Hussain became president. See also Government of Pakistan portal Air transports of heads of state and government Official state car Pakistan Prime Minister of Pakistan Chief Justice of Pakistan Chief Justice of the Federal Shariat Court Chief of Army Staff of the Pakistan Army Constitution of Pakistan Foreign Minister of Pakistan Finance Minister of Pakistan Interior Minister of Pakistan Minister of Defence ( Pakistan ) References Jump up ^ Gupta, ed. by K.R. ( 2006 ). India - Pakistan relations with special reference to Kashmir. New Delhi : Atlantic Publ. and Distributors. ISBN 8126906723. CS1 maint : Extra text : authors list ( link ) ^ Jump up to : Article 41 ( 1 ) in Chapter 1 : The President, Part III : The Federation of Pakistan in the Constitution of Pakistan. Jump up ^ Article 243 ( 3 ) in Chapter 2 : The Armed Forces. Part XII : Miscellaneous in the Constitution of Pakistan. Jump up ^ Article 46 in Chapter 1 : The President, Part III : The Federation of Pakistan in the Constitution of Pakistan. Jump up ^ Article 243 ( 2 ) in Chapter 2 : The Armed Forces. Part XII : Miscellaneous in the Constitution of Pakistan. Jump up ^ Article 43 ( 1 ) -- 43 ( 2 ) in Chapter 1 : The President, Part III : The Federation of Pakistan in the Constitution of Pakistan. Jump up ^ Article 50 in Chapter 2 : The Parliament of Part III : The Federation of Pakistan in the Constitution of Pakistan. Jump up ^ Article 46 in Chapter 2 : The Parliament of Part III : The Federation of Pakistan in the Constitution of Pakistan. Jump up ^ Article 54 in Chapter 2 : The Parliament of Part III : The Federation of Pakistan in the Constitution of Pakistan. Jump up ^ Article 56 in Chapter 2 : The Parliament of Part III : The Federation of Pakistan in the Constitution of Pakistan. Jump up ^ Article 243 ( 3 ) in Chapter 2 : The Armed Forces. Part XII : Miscellaneous in the Constitution of Pakistan. Jump up ^ Article 175A ( 3 ) in Chapter 2 : The Parliament of Part III : The Federation of Pakistan in the Constitution of Pakistan. Jump up ^ Article 177A ( 1 ) in Chapter 2 : The Supreme Court of Pakistan of Part VII in the Constitution of Pakistan Jump up ^ Article 45 in Chapter 2 : The Parliament of Part III : The Federation of Pakistan in the Constitution of Pakistan. Jump up ^ Article 248 ( 1 ) in Chapter 4 : General of Part XII : Miscellaneous in the Constitution of Pakistan. Jump up ^ Article 41 in Chapter 1 : The President of Part III : The Federation of Pakistan in the Constitution of Pakistan Jump up ^ Govt. of Pakistan ( 3 March 2010 ). `` The National Command Authority Act, 2010 '' ( PDF ). Islamabad : National Assembly press. National Assembly press. Retrieved 6 May 2015. Jump up ^ See : The XVIII Amendment to the Constitution of Pakistan. ^ Jump up to : Article 41 ( 2 ) in Chapter 1 : The President, Part III : The Federation of Pakistan in the Constitution of Pakistan. Jump up ^ Crilly, Rob ( 10 May 2013 ). `` Pakistan election guide : How does it work ? ''. Telegraph, Pakistan Bureau. Telegraph. Retrieved 18 May 2015. Jump up ^ Article 41 ( 3 ) in Chapter 1 : The President in Part III : The Federation of Pakistan in the Constitution of Pakistan. ^ Jump up to : APP, Associate Press of Pakistan ( 25 July 2013 ). `` 706 Electoral College members to elect 12th President of Pakistan ''. News International, 2013. News International. Retrieved 18 May 2015. Jump up ^ Article 44 ( 1 ) - ( 2 ) in Chapter 1 : The President in Part III : The Federation of Pakistan in the Constitution of Pakistan. Jump up ^ Article 44 ( 2 ) in Chapter 1 : The President in Part III : The Federation of Pakistan in the Constitution of Pakistan. Jump up ^ Article 49 ( 1 ) - ( 2 ) in Chapter 1 : The President, Part III : The Federation of Pakistan in the Constitution of Pakistan. Jump up ^ Article 49 ( 1 ) in Chapter 1 : The President, Part III : The Federation of Pakistan in the Constitution of Pakistan. Jump up ^ Article 47 ( 1 ) - ( 2 ) in Chapter 1 : The President, Part III : The Federation of Pakistan in the Constitution of Pakistan. ^ Jump up to : Article 47 ( 3 ) in Chapter 1 : The President, Part III : The Federation of Pakistan in the Constitution of Pakistan. Jump up ^ Article 47 ( 5 ) in Chapter 1 : The President, Part III : The Federation of Pakistan in the Constitution of Pakistan. Jump up ^ Article 47 ( 6 ) in Chapter 1 : The President, Part III : The Federation of Pakistan in the Constitution of Pakistan. Jump up ^ Article 47 ( 6 ) in Chapter 1 : The President of Part III : The Federation of Pakistan in the Constitution of Pakistan. Jump up ^ Article 47 ( 7 ) in Chapter 1 : The President, Part III : The Federation of Pakistan in the Constitution of Pakistan. Jump up ^ Article 47 ( 8 ) in Chapter 1 : The President, Part III : The Federation of Pakistan in the Constitution of Pakistan. Jump up ^ See : Movement to impeach Pervez Musharraf ^ Jump up to : Web Edition ( 30 July 2013 ). `` Mamnoon Hussain elected 12th President of Pakistan ''. News International, president. News International, president. Retrieved 18 May 2015. Jump up ^ Waldman, Amy ( January 2, 2004 ). `` Pakistan Gives Musharraf Confidence Vote as President ''. New York Times. Jump up ^ timesofindia.indiatimes.com `` Pakistan presidential poll on September 6. '' Times of India. 22 August 2008. Jump up ^ radionetherlands.nl Pakistan to choose president on 6 September. Radio Netherlands. Jump up ^ `` Pakistan 's presidential poll today, Zardari front runner. '' Times of India. Jump up ^ afp.google.com `` Bhutto 's widower set to become Pakistan president. '' AFP 2008. Accessed 8 January 2014. Jump up ^ afp.google.com `` Zardari wins Pakistan presidential election : officials. '' AFP 2008. Dead URL 8 January 2014 Jump up ^ nytimes.com `` Zardari is elected Pakistan 's president. '' New York Times 7 September 2008. External links President of Pakistan : Official Website Presidents of Pakistan ( List ) Iskander Mirza Ayub Khan Yahya Khan Zulfikar Ali Bhutto Fazal Ilahi Chaudhry Muhammad Zia - ul - Haq Ghulam Ishaq Khan Wasim Sajjad ( acting ) Farooq Leghari Wasim Sajjad ( acting ) Muhammad Rafiq Tarar Pervez Musharraf Muhammad Mian Soomro ( acting ) Asif Ali Zardari Mamnoon Hussain Government of Pakistan Executive branch President Prime Minister ( Deputy ) Cabinet Legislative branch Parliament Senate National Assembly Electoral College Judicial branch Supreme Court Chief Justice High Courts District Courts Provincial governments Balochistan Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Punjab Sindh Territorial governments Gilgit -- Baltistan Azad Jammu & Kashmir Federally Administered Tribal Areas Pakistan topics Basic topics Alphabetical index of topics History Ancient Stone age Soanian Mehrgarh Indus Valley Indo - Iranics Indo - Aryan Achaemenid Greco - Bactrian Maurya Gandhara Indo - Greek Indo - Scythians Indo - Parthian Kushan Indo - 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Question: who elects president of pakistan under the constitution of 1973
Answer: the Parliament through the Electoral College