Srinagar - Wikipedia Srinagar This article is about the municipality. For its namesake district, see Srinagar district. For other uses, see Srinagar ( disambiguation ). Srinagar Metropolis View of Srinagar and Dal Lake Srinagar Srinagar Show map of Jammu and Kashmir Show map of India Show all Location in Jammu and Kashmir Coordinates : 34 ° 5 ′ 24 '' N 74 ° 47 ′ 24 '' E ﻿ / ﻿ 34.09000 ° N 74.79000 ° E ﻿ / 34.09000 ; 74.79000 Coordinates : 34 ° 5 ′ 24 '' N 74 ° 47 ′ 24 '' E ﻿ / ﻿ 34.09000 ° N 74.79000 ° E ﻿ / 34.09000 ; 74.79000 Country India State Jammu and Kashmir District Srinagar Government Governor N.N. Vohra Area Metropolis 294 km ( 114 sq mi ) Elevation 1,585 m ( 5,200 ft ) Population ( 2011 ) Metropolis 1,180,570 Rank 34th Density 4,000 / km ( 10,000 / sq mi ) Metro 1,273,312 Metro Rank 38th Languages Official Urdu Other Spoken languages Kashmiri Regional Kashmiri Time zone IST ( UTC + 5 : 30 ) PIN 190 001 Telephone code 0194 Vehicle registration JK 01 Sex ratio 888 ♀ / 1000 ♂ Literacy 69.15 % Distance from Delhi 876 kilometres ( 544 mi ) NW Distance from Mumbai 2,275 kilometres ( 1,414 mi ) NE ( land ) Climate Cfa Precipitation 710 millimetres ( 28 in ) Avg. summer temperature 23.3 ° C ( 73.9 ° F ) Avg. winter temperature 3.2 ° C ( 37.8 ° F ) Website www.srinagar.nic.in Srinagar / ˈsriˌnʌɡʌr / ( listen ( help info ) ) is the largest city and the summer capital of the Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir. It lies in the Kashmir Valley on the banks of the Jhelum River, a tributary of the Indus, and Dal and Anchar lakes. The city is famous for its gardens, waterfronts and houseboats. It is also known for traditional Kashmiri handicrafts and dried fruits. Contents 1 Origin of name 2 History 2.1 Ancient period 2.2 Srinagar in 14th to 19th centuries 2.3 Post Indo - Pakistani independence 3 Geography 4 Climate 5 Economy 5.1 Tourism 6 Government and politics 6.1 Stray dog controversy 7 Demographics 8 Transport 8.1 Road 8.2 Air 8.3 Rail 8.4 Cable car 8.5 Boat 9 Culture 9.1 Places of worship 9.2 Performing arts 10 Education 11 Sports 12 See also 13 References 14 External links Origin of name Folk etymology draws the city name from two Sanskrit words : śrī ( `` glory, prosperity '', a name for the Hindu goddess Sri Mahalakshmi ) and nagar ( `` city '' ), which would make `` City of Lakshmi '' ( or `` City of Prosperity '' ). However, the earliest records mention the name as siri - nagar which in turn is a local transformation of the original Sanskrit name sūrya - nagar, meaning `` City of the Sun '' ( or, of a sun god ). History Ancient period The Burzahom archaeological site 10 km from Srinagar has revealed the presence of neolithic and megalithic cultures. According to Kalhana 's 12th century text Rajatarangini, a king named Pravarasena II established a new capital named Pravarapura ( also known as Pravarasena - pura ). Based on topographical details, Pravarapura appears to be same as the modern city of Srinagar. Aurel Stein dates the king to 6th century. Kalhana mentions that a king named Ashoka had earlier established a town called Srinagari. Kalhana describes this town in hyperbolic terms, stating that it had `` 9,600,000 houses resplendent with wealth ''. According to Kalhana, this Ashoka reigned before 1182 BCE and was a member of the dynasty founded by Godhara. Kalhana states that this king adopted the doctrine of Jina, constructed stupas and Shiva temples, and appeased Bhutesha ( Shiva ) to obtain his son Jalauka. Multiple scholars identify Kalhana 's Ashoka with the 3rd century Buddhist Mauryan emperor Ashoka despite these discrepancies. Although `` Jina '' is a term generally associated with Jainism, some ancient sources use it to refer to the Buddha. Romila Thapar equates Jalauka to Kunala, stating that `` Jalauka '' is an erroneous spelling caused by a typographical error in Brahmi script. Ashoka 's Srinagari is generally identified with Pandrethan ( near present - day Srinagar ), although there is an alternative identification with a place on the banks of the Lidder River. According to Kalhana, Pravarasena II resided at Puranadhishthana ( `` old town '' ) before the establishment of Pravarapura ; the name Pandrethan is believed to be derived from that word. Accordining to V.A. Smith, the original name of the `` old town '' ( Srinagari ) was transferred to the new town. Srinagar in 14th to 19th centuries Srinagar and Environ map 1911 The independent Hindu and the Buddhist rule of Srinagar lasted until the 14th century when the Kashmir valley, including the city, came under the control of the several Muslim rulers, including the Mughals. It was also the capital during the reign of Yusuf Shah Chak. Kashmir came under Mughal rule, when it was conquered by the third Mughal badshah ( emperor ) Akbar in 1586 CE. Akbar established Mughal rule in Srinagar and Kashmir valley. Kashmir was added to Kabul Subah in 1586, until Shah Jahan made it into a separate Kashmir Subah ( imperial top - level province ) with seat in Srinagar. With the disintegration of the Mughal empire after the death of Aurangzeb in 1707, infiltration in the valley of the Afghan tribes from Afghanistan and Hindu Dogras from the Jammu region increased, and the Afghan Durrani Empire and Dogras ruled the city for several decades. Maharaja Ranjit Singh, the Sikh ruler from the Punjab region annexed a major part of the Kashmir Valley, including Srinagar, to his kingdom in the year 1814 and the city came under the influence of the Sikhs. In 1846, the Treaty of Lahore was signed between the Sikh rulers and the British in Lahore. The treaty inter alia provided British de facto suzerainty over the Kashmir Valley and Maharaja Gulab Singh, a Hindu Dogra from the Jammu region became a semi-independent ruler of the state of Jammu and Kashmir. Srinagar became part of his kingdom and remained until 1947 as one of several princely states in British India. The Maharajas choose Sher Garhi Palace as their main Srinagar residence. Srinagar city and its vicinity in 1959 Post Indo - Pakistani independence After India and Pakistan 's independence from Britain, villagers around the city of Poonch began an armed protest at continued rule of the Maharaja on 17 August 1947. In view of the Poonch uprising, certain Pashtun tribes such as Mehsud and Afridi from mountainous region of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa of Pakistan and with its collusion, entered the Kashmir valley to capture it on 22 October 1947. The Maharaja, who had refused to accede to either India or Pakistan in hopes of securing his own independent state, signed the instrument of accession in exchange for refuge on 26 October 1947, as Pakistani - backed tribesmen approached the outskirts of Srinagar. The Accession was accepted by India the next day. The government of India immediately airlifted Indian troops to Srinagar and prevented the tribesmen from reaching the city. In 1989, Srinagar became the focus of the Kashmiri uprising against Indian rule and the Indian military, which has been present since 1990, and the area continues to be a highly politicised hotbed of separatist activity with frequent spontaneous protests and strikes ( `` bandhs '' in local parlance ). On 19 January 1990, the Gawakadal massacre of at least 50 unarmed protestors by Indian forces, and up to 280 by some estimates from eyewitness accounts, set the stage for bomblasts, shootouts, and curfews that characterised Srinagar throughout the early and mid-1990s. Further massacres in the spring of 1990 in which 51 allegedly unarmed protesters were allegedly killed by Indian security forces in Zakura and Tengpora heightened anti-Indian sentiments in Srinagar. As a result, bunkers and checkpoints are found throughout the city, although their numbers have come down in the past few years as militancy has declined. However, frequent protests still occur against Indian rule, such as the 22 August 2008 rally in which hundreds of thousands of Kashmiri civilians protested against Indian rule in Srinagar. Similar protests took place every summer for the next 4 years. In 2010 alone 120 protesters, many of whom were stone pelters and arsonists, were killed by police and CRPF. Large scale protests were seen following the execution of Afzal Guru in February 2013. In 2016, about 87 protesters were killed by Indian army, CRPF and JK police which became known as 2016 Kashmir unrest. The city also saw increased violence against minorities, particularly the Kashmiri Hindus, starting from mid-1980s and resulting in their ultimate exodus. Posters were pasted to walls of houses of Pandits, telling them to leave or die, temples were destroyed and houses burnt ; but a very small minority of pandits still remains in the city. The recent years have seen protests in Srinagar from local Kashmiri pandits for protection of their shrines in Kashmir and their rights. Geography Map of Kashmir showing various Geographic regions. The city is located on both the sides of the Jhelum River, which is called Vyath in Kashmir. The river passes through the city and meanders through the valley, moving onward and deepening in the Dal Lake. The city is famous for its nine old bridges, connecting the two parts of the city. There are a number of lakes and swamps in and around the city. These include the Dal, the Nigeen, the Anchar, Khushal Sar, Gil Sar and Hokersar. Hokersar is a wetland situated near Srinagar. Thousands of migratory birds come to Hokersar from Siberia and other regions in the winter season. Migratory birds from Siberia and Central Asia use wetlands in Kashmir as their transitory camps between September and October and again around spring. These wetlands play a vital role in sustaining a large population of wintering, staging and breeding birds. Hokersar is 14 km ( 8.7 mi ) north of Srinagar, and is a world class wetland spread over 13.75 km ( 5.31 sq mi ) including lake and marshy area. It is the most accessible and well - known of Kashmir 's wetlands which include Hygam, Shalibug and Mirgund. A record number of migratory birds have visited Hokersar in recent years. Birds found in Hokersar -- Migratory ducks and geese which include brahminy duck, tufted duck, gadwall, garganey, greylag goose, mallard, common merganser, northern pintail, common pochard, ferruginous pochard, red - crested pochard, ruddy shelduck, northern shoveller, common teal, and Eurasian wigeon. Climate Srinagar has a humid subtropical climate ( Köppen Cfa ), much cooler than what is found in much of the rest of India, due to its moderately high elevation and northerly position. The valley is surrounded by the Himalayas on all sides. Winters are cool, with daytime temperature averaging to 2.5 ° C ( 36.5 ° F ), and drops below freezing point at night. Moderate to heavy snowfall occurs in winter and the highway connecting Srinagar with the rest of India faces frequent blockades due to icy roads and avalanches. Summers are warm with a July daytime average of 24.1 ° C ( 75.4 ° F ). The average annual rainfall is around 720 millimetres ( 28 in ). Spring is the wettest season while autumn is the driest. The highest temperature reliably recorded is 38.3 ° C ( 100.9 ° F ) and the lowest is − 20.0 ° C ( − 4.0 ° F ). Climate data for Srinagar ( 1971 -- 1986 normals ) Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year Record high ° C ( ° F ) 17.2 ( 63 ) 20.6 ( 69.1 ) 27.3 ( 81.1 ) 31.1 ( 88 ) 36.4 ( 97.5 ) 37.8 ( 100 ) 38.3 ( 100.9 ) 36.7 ( 98.1 ) 35.0 ( 95 ) 33.9 ( 93 ) 24.5 ( 76.1 ) 18.3 ( 64.9 ) 38.3 ( 100.9 ) Average high ° C ( ° F ) 7.0 ( 44.6 ) 8.2 ( 46.8 ) 14.1 ( 57.4 ) 20.5 ( 68.9 ) 24.5 ( 76.1 ) 29.6 ( 85.3 ) 30.1 ( 86.2 ) 29.6 ( 85.3 ) 27.4 ( 81.3 ) 22.4 ( 72.3 ) 15.1 ( 59.2 ) 8.2 ( 46.8 ) 19.7 ( 67.5 ) Daily mean ° C ( ° F ) 2.5 ( 36.5 ) 3.8 ( 38.8 ) 8.8 ( 47.8 ) 14.2 ( 57.6 ) 17.7 ( 63.9 ) 22.3 ( 72.1 ) 24.1 ( 75.4 ) 23.5 ( 74.3 ) 19.8 ( 67.6 ) 14.1 ( 57.4 ) 8.1 ( 46.6 ) 3.4 ( 38.1 ) 13.5 ( 56.3 ) Average low ° C ( ° F ) − 2 ( 28 ) − 0.7 ( 30.7 ) 3.4 ( 38.1 ) 7.9 ( 46.2 ) 10.8 ( 51.4 ) 14.9 ( 58.8 ) 18.1 ( 64.6 ) 17.5 ( 63.5 ) 12.1 ( 53.8 ) 5.8 ( 42.4 ) 0.9 ( 33.6 ) − 1.5 ( 29.3 ) 7.3 ( 45.1 ) Record low ° C ( ° F ) − 14.4 ( 6.1 ) − 20.0 ( − 4 ) − 6.9 ( 19.6 ) 0.0 ( 32 ) 1.0 ( 33.8 ) 7.2 ( 45 ) 10.3 ( 50.5 ) 9.5 ( 49.1 ) 4.4 ( 39.9 ) − 1.7 ( 28.9 ) − 7.8 ( 18 ) − 12.8 ( 9 ) − 20 ( − 4 ) Average precipitation mm ( inches ) 48 ( 1.89 ) 68 ( 2.68 ) 121 ( 4.76 ) 85 ( 3.35 ) 68 ( 2.68 ) 39 ( 1.54 ) 62 ( 2.44 ) 76 ( 2.99 ) 31 ( 1.22 ) 33 ( 1.3 ) 38 ( 1.5 ) 54 ( 2.13 ) 723 ( 28.48 ) Average precipitation days ( ≥ 1.0 mm ) 6.6 7.3 10.2 8.8 8.1 5.7 7.9 6.8 3.5 2.8 2.8 5.1 75.6 Average relative humidity ( % ) 82 79 70 64 61 56 66 70 67 69 77 84 70.4 Mean monthly sunshine hours 74.4 101.7 136.4 189.0 238.7 246.0 241.8 226.3 228.0 226.3 186.0 108.5 2,203.1 Mean daily sunshine hours 2.4 3.6 4.4 6.3 7.7 8.2 7.8 7.3 7.6 7.3 6.2 3.5 6.0 Source # 1 : NOAA, India Meteorological Department ( records up to 2010 ) Source # 2 : Deutscher Wetterdienst ( sun 1945 -- 1988 ) Economy Market boats on Mar Canal in Srinagar. In November 2011, the City Mayors Foundation -- an advocacy think tank -- announced that Srinagar was the 92nd fastest growing urban areas in the world in terms of economic growth, based on actual data from 2006 onwards and projections to 2020. Tourism Srinagar is one of several places that have been called the `` Venice of the East '' or the `` Kashmiri Venice '' Lakes around the city include Dal Lake -- noted for its houseboats -- and Nigeen Lake. Apart from Dal lake and Nigeen lake city is also famous for wular lake and manasbal lake to the north of srinagar. Wular lake is one of the largest fresh water lakes in Asia. The floating vegetable market on Dal Lake, the only one of its kind in India Dal Lake and the shikaras. Srinagar has some Mughal gardens, forming a part of those laid by the Mughal emperors across the Indian subcontinent. Those of Srinagar and its close vicinity include Chashma Shahi ( the royal fountains ) ; Pari Mahal ( the palace of the fairies ) ; Nishat Bagh ( the garden of spring ) ; Shalimar Bagh ; the Naseem Bagh. Jawaharlal Nehru Memorial Botanical Garden is a botanical garden in the city, set up in 1969. The Indian government has included these gardens under `` Mughal Gardens of Jammu and Kashmir '' in the tentative list for sites to be included in world Heritage sites. The Sher Garhi Palace houses administrative buildings from the state government. Another palace of the Maharajas, the Gulab Bhavan, has now become the Lalit Grand Palace hotel. The Shankaracharya Temple which lies on a hill top in the middle of the city, besides the Kheer Bhawani Temple are important Hindu temples in the city. Government and politics The city is run by the Srinagar Municipal Corporation ( SMC ). The Srinagar district along with the adjoining Budgam and Ganderbal districts forms the Srinagar Parliamentary seat. Stray dog controversy Srinagar 's city government attracted brief international attention in March 2008 when it announced a mass poisoning program aimed at eliminating the city 's population of stray dogs. Officials estimate that 100,000 stray dogs roam the streets of the city, which has a human population of just under 900,000. In a survey conducted by an NGO, it was found that some residents welcomed this program, saying the city was overrun by dogs, while critics contended that more humane methods should be used to deal with the animals. The situation has become alarming with local news reports coming up at frequent intervals highlighting people, especially children being mauled by street dogs. Demographics As of 2011 census Srinagar urban agglomeration had 1,273,312 population. Both the city and the urban agglomeration has average literacy rate of approximately 70 %. The child population of both the city and the urban agglomeration is approximately 12 % of the total population. Males constituted 53.0 % and females 47 % of the population. The sex ratio in the city area is 888 females per 1000 males, whereas in the urban agglomeration it is 880 per 1,000. The predominant religion of Srinagar is Islam with 96 % of the population being Muslim. Hindus constitute the second largest religious group representing 2.75 % of the population. The remaining population constitutes Sikhs, Buddhist and Jains. Transport Road Srinagar International Airport A passenger train at Srinagar Railway Station The city is served by many highways, including National Highway 1A and National Highway 1D. Air Srinagar Airport has regular domestic flights to Leh, Jammu, Chandigarh, Delhi and Mumbai and occasional international flights. An expanded terminal capable of handling both domestic and international flights was inaugurated on 14 February 2009 with Air India Express flights to Dubai. Hajj flights also operate from this airport to Saudi Arabia. Rail Main article : Srinagar railway station Srinagar is a station on the 119 km ( 74 mi ) long Banihal - Baramulla line that started in October 2009 and connects Baramulla to Srinagar, Anantnag and Qazigund. The railway track also connects to Banihal across the Pir Panjal mountains through a newly constructed 11 km long Banihal tunnel, and subsequently to the Indian railway network after a few years. It takes approximately 9 minutes and 30 seconds for train to cross the tunnel. It is the longest rail tunnel in India. This railway system, proposed in 2001, is not expected to connect the Indian railway network until 2017 at the earliest, with a cost overrun of 55 billion INR. The train also runs during heavy snow. There are proposals to develop a metro system in the city. The feasibility report for the Srinagar Metro is planned to be carried out by Delhi Metro Rail Corporation. Cable car Srinagar Cable Car Legend Makhdoom Sahib ( Hari Parbat ) Malkhah cemetery In December 2013, the 594m cable car allowing people to travel to the shrine of the Sufi saint Hamza Makhdoom on Hari Parbat was unveiled. The project is run by the Jammu and Kashmir Cable Car Corporation ( JKCCC ), and has been envisioned for 25 years. An investment of 300 million INR was made, and it is the second cable car in Kashmir after the Gulmarg Gondola. Boat Whilst popular since the 7th century, water transport is now mainly confined to Dal Lake, where shikaras ( wooden boats ) are used for local transport and tourism. There are efforts to revive transportation on the River Jhelum. Culture Hazratbal Shrine built in around 1700 AD The Shankaracharya temple built in around 200 BC Like the state of Jammu and Kashmir, Srinagar too has a distinctive blend of cultural heritage. Holy places in and around the city depict the historical cultural and religious diversity of the city as well as the Kashmir valley. A view from Jawaharlal Nehru Memorial Botanical Garden Places of worship There are many religious holy places in Srinagar. They include : Hazratbal Shrine, only domed mosque in the city. Jama Masjid, Srinagar, one of the oldest mosques in Kashmir khanqah - e-Moula, first Islamic centre in Kashmir Aali Masjid, in Eidgah Locality Hari Parbat hill hosts shrine of Sharika Mata temple Shankaracharya temple Kheer Bhawani Temple Gurdwara Chatti Patshahi, located on Hari Parbat Pathar Masjid All Saints Church, Srinagar Holy Family Catholic Church ( Srinagar ) Additional structures include the Dastgeer Sahib shrine, Mazar - e-Shuhada, Roza Bal shrine, Khanqah of Shah Hamadan, Pathar Masjid ( `` The Stone Mosque '' ), Hamza Makhdoom shrine, tomb of the mother of Zain - ul - abidin, tomb of Pir Haji Muhammad, Akhun Mulla Shah Mosque, cemetery of Baha - ud - din Sahib, tomb and Madin Sahib Mosque at Zadibal. Performing arts Main article : Music of Kashmir Education Srinagar is home to The National Institute of Technology Srinagar, formerly known as Regional Engineering College ( REC Srinagar ). It is one of the oldest among the National Institutes of Technology that were established during 2nd Five year plan. Other educational institutions are : Schools Tyndale Biscoe School Presentation Convent Higher Secondary School Burn Hall School Mallinson Girls School Medical colleges Government Medical College, Srinagar Sher - i - Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences Government Dental College & Hospital, Srinagar Universities University of Kashmir Sher - e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir Central University of Kashmir General degree colleges Amar Singh College Sri Pratap College Islamia College of Science and Commerce, Srinagar Sports The city is home to the Sher - i - Kashmir Stadium, a stadium where international cricket matches have been played. The first international match was played in 1983 in which West Indies defeated India and the last international match was played in 1986 in which Australia defeated India by six wickets. Since then no international matches have been played in the stadium due to the security situation ( although the situation has now improved quite considerably ). Srinagar has an outdoor stadium namely Bakshi Stadium for hosting football matches. It is named after Bakshi Ghulam Mohammad. The city has a golf course named Royal Springs Golf Course, Srinagar located on the banks of Dal lake, which is considered as one of the best golf courses of India. Football is also followed by the youth of Srinagar and Polo ground is maintained for the particular sports recently. There are certain other sports being played but those are away from the main city like in Pahalgam ( Water rafting ), Gulmarg ( skiing ). See also Kashmir conflict Downtown ( Srinagar ) Kashmir Shaivism List of State Protected Monuments in Jammu and Kashmir List of colleges in Srinagar Lal Chowk References Jump up ^ 2011 census of India Jump up ^ `` Srinagar Municipal Corporation Demographics 2011 ''. 2011 Census of India. 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Waving green Islamic flags and shouting `` we want freedom '', hundreds of thousands of Muslims marched peacefully in Indian Kashmir 's main city on Friday Jump up ^ `` Muslims in huge Kashmir protest ''. BBC. 22 August 2008. Retrieved 1 March 2013. Hundreds of thousands of Muslims have taken part in a protest rally called by separatist leaders in Indian - controlled Kashmir 's main city, Srinagar. Jump up ^ Hussein, AijazSt ( 12 February 2013 ). `` India 's hanging of Kashmiri man leads to fears of new unrest after 2 years of quiet ''. Star Tribune. Retrieved 1 March 2013. In all three years, hundreds of thousands of young men took to the streets, hurling rocks and abuse at Indian forces. Jump up ^ `` Paradise Lost ''. bbc.co.uk. Jump up ^ `` Violence against Kashmiri hindus ''. kashmirforum.org. Jump up ^ `` 19 / 01 / 90 : When Kashmiri Pandits fled Islamic terrorists ''. rediff.com. 19 January 2005. Retrieved 10 December 2015. 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DNA. `` We will soon have the feasibility of metro services in both cities analysed by experts. Ideally, we would like DMRC to send a team and prepare a project report, '' minister for urban development Nasir Aslam Wani said. Jump up ^ `` Kashmir gets a dream ropeway ''. The Hindu. Chennai, India. 24 December 2013. Jump up ^ Raina, Muzaffar ( 7 May 2012 ). `` Boat down the Jhelum ''. The Telegraph. Calcutta, India. Jump up ^ `` Hazratbal Shrine ''. travelinos.com. 2013. Retrieved 23 January 2013. Jump up ^ Chapter 4 of Ancient Monuments of Kashmir by Ram Chandra Kak ( 1933 ) Jump up ^ `` Records / Sher - i - Kashmir Stadium, Srinagar / One - Day Internationals ''. ESPNCricinfo. Archived from the original on 13 August 2014. Retrieved 7 December 2012. Jump up ^ `` J&K stadium hosts football match after 25 - year gap ''. Times of India. 16 July 2012. Retrieved 7 December 2012. Jump up ^ `` India ''. Robert Trent Jones -- Golf Architects. Retrieved 21 September 2012. External links Wikimedia Commons has media related to Srinagar. Wikiquote has quotations related to : Srinagar Srinagar travel guide from Wikivoyage Srinagar district administration Official website of Jammu and Kashmir Kashmir Valley Passes Banihal Pass Zojila Burzil Pass Valleys Sind Valley Lidder Valley Lolab Valley Betaab Valley Cities Srinagar Anantnag Baramulla Towns Pulwama Budgam Ganderbal Shopian Bandipore Kulgam Downtown Nowshera Gurez Pattan Kangan Hazratbal Awantipora Tral Qazigund Kokernag Shangus Bijbehara Doru Pahalgam Pattan Uri Kreeri Boniyar Tangmarg Sopore Rafaiabad Karnah Kupwara Lolab Handwara Langate Charari Sharief Beerwah Chadoora Sumbal Sonawari Quimoh Pahloo D.H. Pora Devsar Soura Buchpora Rivers Jehlum Sind Lidder Neelum Veshaw Rambi Ara Glaciers Kolhoi Glacier Machoi Glacier Lakes Anchar Lake Dal Lake Nigeen Lake Manasbal Lake Wular Lake Vishansar Lake Krishansar Lake Gangabal Lake Gadsar Lake Sheshnag Lake Tarsar Lake Nundkol Lake Satsar Lake Kausar Nag Brari Nambal Khushal Sar Gil Sar Mountains Harmukh Kolhoi Peak Machoi Peak Amarnath Peak Sirbal Peak Tatakooti Peak Sunset Peak Mahadev Hill stations and Mughal gardens Pahalgam Sonamarg Yusmarg Gulmarg Aharbal Nishat Bagh Shalimar Bagh Chashme Shahi Verinag Kokernag See also History of Kashmir Kashmir Conflict The Valley Of Kashmir ( 1895 book ) Line of Control Jammu -- Baramulla line Kashmiri language State and Union Territory capitals of India Agartala Aizawl Amaravati ( de facto ) Bangalore Bhopal Bhubaneswar Chandigarh Chennai Daman Dehradun ( interim ) New Delhi Dispur Gandhinagar Gangtok Hyderabad Imphal Itanagar Jaipur Jammu ( in winter ) Kavaratti Kohima Kolkata Lucknow Mumbai Panaji Patna Pondicherry Port Blair Raipur Ranchi Shillong Shimla Silvassa Srinagar ( in summer ) Thiruvananthapuram Jammu and Kashmir topics Capital : Srinagar ( Summer ) ; Jammu ( Winter ) History History of Kashmir Kashyapa Dynasties of ancient Kashmir Kambojas Lalitaditya Muktapida Didda Muslim conquests on the Indian subcontinent Zain - ul - Abidin Shah Mir Dynasty Durrani Empire Dogra Empire Sikh Empire Mughal Empire East India Company Gulab Singh Zorawar Singh Jamwal Indian Rebellion of 1857 British Raj Kashmir Committee Partition of India Hari Singh Kashmir conflict Indo - Pakistani wars and conflicts Insurgency Darbar Move Government and politics Jammu & Kashmir National Conference Jammu and Kashmir Peoples Democratic Party Instrument of Accession Article 370 All Parties Hurriyat Conference 1974 Indira - Sheikh accord Simla Agreement Sheikh Abdullah Karan Singh Omar Abdullah Syed Ali Shah Geelani Mirwaiz Umar Farooq Culture and places Kashmiriyat Music Cuisine Wazwan Kanger Shikara Pashmina Basohli painting Hinduism Kashmir Shaivism Sikhism Islam Alchi Bardan Basgo Chemrey Diskit Hanle Hemis Hundur Korzok Kursha Lamayuru Likir Lingshed Mashro Matho Mulbekh Namgyal Tsemo Phugtal Phyang Rangdum Rizong Sani Sankar Saspul Shey Monastery Spituk Stakna Stok Stongdey Takthok Thikse Tonde Wanla Zangla Dzongkhul Vaishno Devi Amarnath Gulmarg Pahalgam Sonamarg Verinag Wangath Temple complex Yusmarg Zanskar Forts National parks Lakes Districts Anantnag Bandipora Baramulla Badgam Doda Ganderbal Jammu Kargil Kathua Kishtwar Kulgam Kupwara Leh Poonch Pulwama Rajouri Ramban Reasi Samba Shopian Srinagar Udhampur Cities Srinagar Jammu Anantnag Baramulla Pulwama Kupwara Budgam Ganderbal Shupiyan Bandipora Kulgam Doda Poonch Rajauri Ramban Reasi Samba Udhampur Kathua Kishtwar Towns Downtown Kokernag Magam Shangus Bijbehara Doru Pahalgam Qazigund Achabal Kargil Awantipora Tral Gurez Sopore Pattan Kangan Hazratbal Uri Kreeri Boniyar Tangmarg Rafaiabad Badami_Bagh Buchpora Munawar_Abad Nowhatta Karnah Kupwara Lolab Handwara Charari Sharief Beerwah Chadoora Khan Sahib Quimoh Pahloo Damhal Hanji Pora Famous villages Padgampora Iskander Pora Mazhom Rathsoon Botingoo Fatehpora Durhama Hanjiwera Hardu - Aboora Kreeri Ladoora Ogmuna Seeloo Zazun Wakura Nawabagh Ratnipora Regions Jammu Kashmir Ladakh Railways Jammu -- Baramulla line Bilaspur -- Mandi -- Leh line Jammu -- Poonch railway line Srinagar -- Kargil -- Leh line Srinagar railway station Jammu Tawi railway station Udhampur railway station Qazigund railway station Sadura railway station Anantnag railway station Budgam railway station Baramulla railway station Pampore railway station Kakapora railway station Mazhom railway station Banihal railway station Bijbehara railway station Pattan railway station Sopore railway station Awantipora railway station Katra railway station Power stations Roads Mughal Road Leh -- Manali Highway National Highway 1A Srinagar Jammu National Highway 90 Feet Road Srinagar -- Baramulla highway Udhampur -- Jammu highway Legislative Assembly elections 2002 2008 2014 Sports Jammu and Kashmir Cricket Association Jammu and Kashmir cricket team Jammu & Kashmir Football Association Jammu and Kashmir football team Jammu & Kashmir International Cricket Stadium Kashmir International Half Marathon Royal Springs Golf Course, Srinagar Ladakh Marathon Other topics Line of Control Human rights abuses Tourism United Nations Military Observer Group in India and Pakistan Indian Armed Forces and the Jammu and Kashmir Floods, 2014 Municipalities of Jammu and Kashmir Achabal Breng Dachnipora Koviripora Shahabad Shangus B.k. pora Badgam Beerwah Chadoora Khag Khan - sahib Nagam Narbal Bandipora Gurez Hajin Sumbal Tulail Baramulla Boniyar Kunzer Pattan Rafiabad Rohama Singhpora Sopore Tangmarg Uri Wagoora Zaingeer Assar Bhaderwah Bhagwah Bhalessa ( gandoh ) Doda Gundana Marmat Thathri Ganderbal Kangan Lar Wakura Akhnoor Bhalwal Bishnah Dansal Khour Marh R.s. pura Satwari Drass Gundmangalpur / trespone Kargil Lungnak Sankoo Shakar - chiktan Shargole Taisuru Zanskar Bani Barnoti Basohli Billawar Duggan Hiranagar Kathua Lohai - malhar Dachhan Drabshalla Inderwal Kishtwar Marwah Nagseni Padder Warwan D.h. Pora Devsar Kulgam Pahloo Qaimoh Qazigund Kalarooch Kralpora Kupwara Langate Rajwar Ramhal Sogam Tangdar Teetwal Trehgam Wavoora Chuchot Durbuk Khalsi Kharu Leh Nubra Nyoma Panamic Saspol Balakote Bufliaz Mandi Mendhar Poonch Surankote Kakapora Pampore Pulwama Tral Budhal Darhal Kalakote Manjakote Nowshera Rajouri Sunderbani Thana mandi Banihal Gool Ramban Ramsoo Arnas Mahore Pouni Reasi Ghagwal Purmandal Samba Vijaypur Keller Shopian Srinagar Chenani Dudu Ghordi Majalta Panchrai Ramnagar Udhampur GND : 4349448 - 1 Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Srinagar&oldid=801286268 '' Categories : Srinagar Cities and towns in Srinagar district Cities and towns in Jammu and Kashmir Indian capital cities Municipal corporations in Jammu and Kashmir Hidden categories : CS1 German - language sources ( de ) Use Indian English from June 2016 All Wikipedia articles written in Indian English Use dmy dates from January 2015 Coordinates on Wikidata Articles with hAudio microformats All articles with unsourced statements Articles with unsourced statements from December 2011 Articles with unsourced statements from June 2012 Articles with unsourced statements from April 2017 Wikipedia articles with GND identifiers Talk Contents About Wikipedia Wikiquote Wikivoyage Languages Afrikaans বাংলা Bân - lâm - gú Беларуская भोजपुरी Български Català Cebuano Čeština Deutsch Ελληνικά Español Esperanto Euskara فارسی Fiji Hindi Français ગુજરાતી 한국어 Հայերեն हिन्दी বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী Bahasa Indonesia Italiano עברית ಕನ್ನಡ Kapampangan ქართული कॉशुर / کٲشُر Latina Latviešu Lietuvių Magyar मैथिली Malagasy മലയാളം मराठी მარგალური Bahasa Melayu Nederlands नेपाली 日本 語 Norsk ଓଡ଼ିଆ ਪੰਜਾਬੀ پنجابی پښتو Polski Português Română Русский संस्कृतम् Scots Simple English Српски / srpski Suomi Svenska தமிழ் తెలుగు ไทย Türkçe Українська اردو Tiếng Việt Winaray 中文 डोटेली Edit links This page was last edited on 18 September 2017, at 20 : 03. 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Question: who built the city of srinagar in kashmir
Answer: Pravarasena II