Simla agreement - wikipedia Simla agreement Not to be confused with Simla Accord ( 1914 ). This article may need to be rewritten entirely to comply with Wikipedia 's quality standards. You can help. The discussion page may contain suggestions. ( October 2010 ) Simla Agreement Simla Treaty Agreement Between the Government of India and the Government of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan on Bilateral Relations Pakistan Rangers are standing with the Flags of India and Pakistan Type Peace treaty Context Cold war Drafted 28 June 1972 Signed 2 July 1972 ; 45 years ago ( 1972 - 07 - 02 ) Location Shimla, Barnes court ( Raj bhavan ) http://himachalrajbhavan.nic.in/history.html Himachal Pradesh, India Sealed 3 August 1972 Effective 4 August 1972 Condition Ratification of both parties Expiry 14 April 1974 ( 1974 - 04 - 14 ) Negotiators Foreign ministries of India and Pakistan Signatories Indira Gandhi Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto ) Parties India Pakistan Ratifiers Parliament of India Parliament of Pakistan Depositary Governments of Pakistan and India Languages Hindi Urdu English Indo - Pakistani War of 1971 Cactus - Lilly Chengiz Khan Jackpot PNS Ghazi Trident Python Atgram Basantar Boyra Chamb Dhalai Garibpur Gazipur Hilli Longewala Sylhet Meghna Heli Bridge Tangail Naval War Simla Agreement Indo - Pakistani conflicts Kashmir conflict War of 1947 War of 1965 War of 1971 Siachen conflict Kargil War 2001 -- 02 standoff 2008 standoff Border skirmishes 2011 2013 2014 -- 15 2016 -- present confrontation The Simla Agreement ( or Shimla Agreement ) was signed between India and Pakistan on 2 July 1972 in Simla, the capital city of Indian state of Himachal Pradesh. It followed from the Bangladesh Liberation war in 1971 that led to the independence of Bangladesh, which was earlier known as East Pakistan and was part of the territory of Pakistan. India entered the war as an ally of Bangladesh which transformed the war into an Indo - Pakistani War of 1971. The agreement was ratified by the Parliaments of both the nations in same year. The agreement was the result of resolve of both the countries to `` put an end to the conflict and confrontation that have hitherto marred their relations ''. It conceived the steps to be taken for further normalisation of mutual relations and it also laid down the principles that should govern their future relations. However, this was not respected as dictators repeatedly came into power in Pakistan and aggression continued on both sides. Contents 1 Details of the Simla agreement 2 Text 3 Delhi Agreement 4 See also 5 References 6 External links Details of the Simla agreement The treaty was signed in Simla, India, by Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto, the President of Pakistan, and Indira Gandhi, the Prime Minister of India. The agreement also paved the way for diplomatic recognition of Bangladesh by Pakistan. Technically the document was signed on 0040 hours in the night of 3 July, despite this official documents are dated 2 July 1972. Few major outcomes of the Simla Agreement are : Both countries will `` settle their differences by peaceful means through bilateral negotiations ''. India has, many a times, maintained that Kashmir dispute is a bilateral issue and must be settled through bilateral negotiations as per Simla Agreement, 1972 and thus, had denied any third party intervention even that of United Nations. The agreement converted the cease - fire line of 17 December 1971 into the Line of Control ( LOC ) between India and Pakistan and it was agreed that `` neither side shall seek to alter it unilaterally, irrespective of mutual differences and legal interpretations ''. Many Indian bureaucrats have later argued that a tacit agreement, to convert this LOC into international border, was reached during a one - on - one meeting between the two heads of government. However, Pakistani bureaucrats have denied any such thing. This identification of a new `` cease - fire line '' by both the states has been argued by India as making United Nations Military Observer Group in India and Pakistan insignificant. As according to India, the purpose of UNMOGIP was to monitor the cease - fire line as identified in Karachi agreement of 1949 which no longer exists. However, Pakistan have a different take on this issue and both countries still host the UN mission. The agreement has not prevented the relationship between the two countries from deteriorating to the point of armed conflict, most recently in the Kargil War of 1999. In Operation Meghdoot of 1984 India seized all of the inhospitable Siachen Glacier region where the frontier had been clearly not defined in the agreement ( possibly as the area was thought too barren to be controversial ), this was considered as a violation of the Simla Agreement by Pakistan. Most of the subsequent deaths in the Siachen Conflict have been from natural disasters, e.g. avalanches in 2010, 2012 and 2016. Text Simla Agreement on Bilateral Relations between India and Pakistan signed by Prime Minister Indira Gandhi, and President of Pakistan, Z.A. Bhutto, in Simla on 2 July 1972. The Government of India and the Government of Pakistan are resolved that the two countries put an end to the conflict and confrontation that have hitherto marred their relations and work for the promotion of a friendly and harmonious relationship and the establishment of durable peace in the subcontinent so that both countries may henceforth devote their resources and energies to the pressing task of advancing the welfare of their people. In order to achieve this objective, the Government of India and the Government of Pakistan have agreed as follows : ( i ) That the principles and purposes of the Charter of the United Nations shall govern the relations between the two countries. ( ii ) That the two countries are resolved to settle their differences by peaceful means through bilateral negotiations or by any other peaceful means mutually agreed upon between them. Pending the final settlement of any of the problems between the two countries, neither side shall unilaterally alter the situation and both shall prevent the organization, assistance or encouragement of any acts detrimental to the maintenance of peace and harmonious relations. ( iii ) That the prerequisite for reconciliation, good neighborliness and durable peace between them is a commitment by both the countries to peaceful coexistence respect for each others territorial integrity and sovereignty and noninterference in each others internal affairs, on the basis of equality and mutual benefit. That the basic issues and causes of conflict which have bedeviled the relations between the two countries for the last 25 years shall be resolved by peaceful means. ( v ) That they shall always respect each others national unity, territorial integrity, political independence and sovereign equality. ( vi ) That in accordance with the Charter of the United Nations, they will refrain from the threat or use of force against the territorial integrity or political independence of each other. Both governments will take all steps within their power to prevent hostile propaganda directed against each other. Both countries will encourage the dissemination of such information as would promote the development of friendly relations between them. In order progressively to restore and normalize relations between the two countries step by step, it was agreed that : ( i ) Steps shall be taken to resume communications, postal, telegraphic, sea, land, including border posts, and air links, including over flights. ( ii ) Appropriate steps shall be taken to promote travel facilities for the nationals of the other country. ( iii ) Trade and cooperation in economic and other agreed fields will be resumed as far as possible. ( iv ) Exchange in the fields of science and culture will be promoted. In this connection delegations from the two countries will meet from time to time to work out the necessary details. In order to initiate the process of the establishment of durable peace, both the governments agree that : ( i ) Indian and Pakistani forces shall be withdrawn to their side of the international border. ( ii ) In Jammu and Kashmir, the line of control resulting from the ceasefire of December 17, 1971, shall be respected by both sides without prejudice to the recognized position of either side. Neither side shall seek to alter it unilaterally, irrespective of mutual differences and legal interpretations. Both sides further undertake to refrain from the threat or the use of force in violation of this line. ( iii ) The withdrawals shall commence upon entry into force of this agreement and shall be completed within a period of 30 days thereof. This agreement will be subject to ratification by both countries in accordance with their respective constitutional procedures, and will come into force with effect from the date on which the instruments of ratification are exchanged. Both governments agree that their respective heads will meet again at a mutually convenient time in the future and that in the meanwhile the representatives of the two sides will meet to discuss further the modalities and arrangements for the establishment of durable peace and normalization of relations, including the questions of repatriation of prisoners of war and civilian internees, a final settlement of Jammu and Kashmir and the resumption of diplomatic relations. Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto President Islamic Republic of Pakistan Indira Gandhi Prime Minister India Simla, the 2 July 1972. -- Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto, Indira Gandhi. Delhi agreement Main article : Delhi Agreement The Delhi Agreement on the Repatriation of War and Civilian Internees is a tripartite agreement among the aforementioned states, signed on 28 August 1973. The agreement was signed by Kamal Hossain, the Foreign Minister of the Government of Bangladesh, Sardar Swaran Singh, Minister of External Affairs of India and Aziz Ahmed, the Minister of State for Defense and Foreign Affairs of the Government of Pakistan. See also India -- Pakistan relations Simla Accord ( 1914 ) References ^ Jump up to : `` Simla Agreement ''. Bilateral / Multilateral Documents. Ministry of External Affairs, Government of India. Retrieved 27 September 2013. ^ Jump up to : `` Indo - Pak Shimla Agreement : 40 years later ''. IANS. IBN Live, CNN IBN. 2 July 2012. Retrieved 27 September 2013. Jump up ^ Chagla, M.C. Roses in December. Bombay : Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan. ^ Jump up to : `` Relevance of Simla Agreement ''. Editorial Series. Khan Study Group. Retrieved 27 September 2013. Jump up ^ Kapur, Shekhar ( Narrator ) ( 21 September 2013 ). `` 1971 Indo - Pak War ''. Pradhanmantri. Season 1. Episode 11. ABP News. ^ Jump up to : Press Trust of India ( 22 January 2013 ). `` India spikes Pak call for third party mediation, says Simla Agreement tops all agendas ''. Indian Express. Retrieved 27 September 2013. Jump up ^ Mark Cutts ; Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees ( 2000 ). The State of the World 's Refugees, 2000 : Fifty Years of Humanitarian Action. Oxford University Press. pp. 73 --. ISBN 978 - 0 - 19 - 924104 - 0. Retrieved 23 June 2012. Jump up ^ Sukhwant Singh ( 19 July 2009 ). India 's Wars Since Independence. Lancer Publishers. pp. 538 --. ISBN 978 - 1 - 935501 - 13 - 8. Retrieved 23 June 2012. Jump up ^ The office of the Foreign Minister, Government of Bangladesh. `` The text of the Tripartite agreement at Delhi ''. Virtualbangladesh. Archived from the original on 23 June 2012. Retrieved 23 June 2012. External links Official Document of Simla Agreement Wikisource has original text related to this article : Simla Treaty India -- Pakistan relations Diplomacy High Commission of India to Pakistan High Commissioner of India to Pakistan High Commission of Pakistan to India High Commissioner of Pakistan to India Treaties and summits Jinnah -- Mountbatten Talks ( 1947 ) Karachi Agreement ( 1949 ) Liaquat - Nehru Treaty ( 1950 ) Indus Waters Treaty ( 1960 ) Tashkent Declaration ( 1965 ) Simla Agreement ( 1972 ) Delhi Agreement ( 1974 ) Islamabad Agreement ( 1988 ) Lahore summit ( 1999 ) Agra Summit ( 2001 ) Events and conflicts Partition of India Kashmir conflict Integration of Junagadh 1947 - 1948 War Sir Creek Operation Gibraltar 1965 War 1971 War Bangladesh Liberation War Pokhran -- I Kirana -- I Nuclear race Line of Control Maritime trespassing Siachen conflict Operation Brasstacks Pokhran - II / Chagai - I / Chagai - II Violence against Muslims in India Persecution of Hindus in Pakistan Human rights abuses in Jammu and Kashmir Human rights abuses in Azad Kashmir Insurgency in Jammu and Kashmir Balochistan conflict Kargil conflict Atlantique incident Iran -- Pakistan -- India gas pipeline 2001 Indian Parliament attack 2001 -- 2002 military standoff 2007 Samjhauta Express bombings 2008 Mumbai attacks 2008 military standoff 2011 border skirmishes 2013 border skirmishes Sarabjit / Sanaullah murder incidents 2013 Pakistan Embassy attack 2014 - 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Lilly Major battles Battle of Daruin Battle of Rangamati - Mahalchari waterway Battle of Goalhati Battle of Dhalai Outpost Battle of Dhalai Battle of Ajmiriganj Battle of Garibpur Battle of Hilli Battle of Longewala Battle of Basantar Battle of Kushtia Battle of Boyra Battle of Atgram Other events Blood Telegram 1971 Bangladesh genocide 1971 killing of Bengali intellectuals Rape during the Bangladesh Liberation War Refugees in India Swadhin Bangla Betar Kendra Shadhin Bangla Football Team The Concert for Bangladesh Album Film List of Massacres 1971 Dhaka University massacre Shankharipara massacre Shankharibazar massacre Ramna massacre Sutrapur massacre Jinjira massacre Akhira massacre Jathibhanga massacre Demra massacre Chuknagar massacre Madhyapara massacre Bakhrabad massacre Burunga massacre more Related conflicts Indo - Pakistani War of 1971 Indo - Pakistani Naval War of 1971 Leaders Bangladesh Military Mohammad Atul Osmani Ziaur Rahman Khaled Mosharraf K.M. Shafiullah Shafaat Jamil A.K. Khandker Muhammad Hamidullah Matiur Rahman Civilian Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Syed Nazrul Islam Tajuddin Ahmad AHM Qamaruzzaman Muhammad Hamidullah Khan Dhirendranath Datta Quazi Nuruzzaman Chitta Ranjan Dutta Muhammad Mansur Ali Khondaker Mostaq Ahmad M.A. Hannan Abu Sayeed Chowdhury Pakistan Military Yahya Khan S.M. Ahsan A.A.K. Niazi Yaqub Ali Khan Mohammad Shariff Rao Farman Ali A.O. Mitha Khadim Hussain Mitty Masud Ahmad Zamir Inamul Haque Siddique Salik K.M. Arif Civilian Zulfikar Ali Bhutto Dr. Abdul Motaleb Malik Nurul Amin Shah Azizur Rahman Ghulam Azam Motiur Rahman Nizami J.A. Rahim Tridev Roy India Military Indian Army Sam Manekshaw Jagjit S. Aurora Hari Chand Dewan Nilakanta Krishnan J.F.R. Jacob Om Prakash Malhotra Sagat Singh Inderjit S. Gill Shabeg Singh Sankaran Nair Hoshiar Singh Civilian Indira Gandhi V.V. Giri Gopal Swarup Pathak Rameshwar Kao Swaran Singh Jagjivan Ram Dilip Mahalanabis Aftermath Instrument of Surrender International recognition of Bangladesh Simla Agreement Delhi Agreement Stranded Pakistanis in Bangladesh War Enquiry Commission War Report 1971 Prisoners of War Investigation Bangladesh -- India relations Indira - Mujib Treaty 2001 Indo - Bangla skirmishes Chittagong Hill Tracts conflict Bangladesh -- Pakistan relations 2013 Pakistan Embassy siege 2015 Expulsion of Pakistani diplomats from Dhaka Related topics Categories Commemoration Monuments and memorials National Martyrs ' Memorial Martyred Intellectuals Memorial Swadhinata Stambha Liberation War Memorial Trust Liberation War Museum Bangladesh Police Liberation War Museum Aparajeyo Bangla Shabash Bangladesh Anniversaries Bengali Genocide Remembrance Day Independence Day ( Bangladesh ) Armed Forces Day ( Bangladesh ) Martyred Intellectuals Day Victory day of Bangladesh Vijay Diwas ( India ) Decorations and depictions Muktijuddho e-Archive Artistic depictions Awards and decorations Trials 2013 Shahbag protests Movement demanding trial of war criminals ( Bangladesh ) International Crimes Tribunal ( Bangladesh ) War Crimes Fact Finding Committee Categories Liberation War Genocide Aftermath Films Causes and prelude Battles Peoples Military personnel Bangladesh Liberation War Portal Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Simla_Agreement&oldid=802439358 '' Categories : Treaties of Pakistan Treaties involving territorial changes Shimla India -- Pakistan relations History of Bangladesh 1972 in India 1972 in Pakistan Treaties concluded in 1972 Treaties of India Government of Zulfikar Ali Bhutto 1974 in India 1974 in Pakistan Treaties concluded in 1974 India -- Pakistan treaties Hidden categories : EngvarB from July 2016 Use dmy dates from July 2016 Wikipedia articles needing rewrite from October 2010 All articles needing rewrite All articles with unsourced statements Articles with unsourced statements from March 2016 Talk Contents About Wikipedia Languages বাংলা Deutsch हिन्दी മലയാളം Nederlands Norsk Português Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски தமிழ் తెలుగు Edit links This page was last edited on 26 September 2017, at 04 : 45. 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Question: where was indo pak simla agreement 1972 concluded
Answer: 2 July 1972