Finance Commission - Wikipedia Finance Commission This article is about finance commissions in general. For the most recent finance commission, see Fifteenth Finance Commission of India. Finance Commission of India Vitta Āyoga Emblem of India Commission overview Formed November 22, 1951 ; 66 years ago ( 1951 - 11 - 22 ) Jurisdiction Government of India Headquarters New Delhi Commission executives N.K. Singh, IAS, Chairman Shaktikanta Das, IAS, Member Prof. Anoop Singh, Member Ashok Lahiri, Member ( part - time ) Prof. Ramesh Chand, Member ( part - time ) Arvind Mehta, IAS, Secretary Website fincomindia.nic.in Fincom India The first Finance Commission ( IAST : Vitta Āyoga ) was established by the President of India in 1951 under Article 280 of the Indian Constitution. It was formed to define the financial relations between the central government of India and the individual state governments. The Finance Commission ( Miscellaneous Provisions ) Act, 1951 additionally defines the terms of qualification, appointment and disqualification, the term, eligibility and powers of the finance commission. As per the Constitution, the Commission is appointed every five years and consists of a chairman and four other members... Since the institution of the first finance commission, stark changes in the macroeconomic situation of the Indian economy have led to major changes in the finance commission 's recommendations over the years. There have been fifteen commissions to date. The most recent was constituted in 2017 and is chaired by N.K. Singh, a former member of the Planning Commission. Contents 1 History 2 Functions 3 The Finance Commission ( Miscellaneous Provisions ) Act, 1951 3.1 Qualifications of the members 3.2 Procedure and Powers of the commission 3.3 Disqualification from being a member of the commission 3.4 Terms of Office of Members and Eligibility for Reappointment 3.5 Salaries and Allowances of the members 4 List of finance commissions 4.1 14th Finance Commission 4.2 15th Finance Commission 5 Finance commission versus Planning Commission 6 See also 7 References 8 External links History As a federal nation, India suffers from both vertical and horizontal fiscal imbalances. Vertical imbalances between the central and state governments result from states incurring expenditures disproportionate to their sources of revenue, in the process of fulfilling their responsibilities. However, states are better able to gauge the needs and concerns of their inhabitants and therefore more efficient at addressing them. Horizontal imbalances among state governments result from differing historical backgrounds or resource endowments, and can widen over time. The Finance Commission was established in 1951 by Dr. B.R. Ambedkar, the then - incumbent law minister, to address these imbalances. Several provisions to bridge the fiscal gap between the Centre and the States were already enshrined in the Constitution of India, including Article 268, which facilitates levy of duties by the Centre but equips the States to collect and retain the same. Similarly, Articles 269, 270, 275, 282 and 293, among others, specify ways and means of sharing resources between the Union and States. In addition to the above provisions, the finance commission serves as an institutional framework to facilitate Centre - State Transfers. Article 280 of the Indian Constitution defines the scope of the commission : The President will constitute a finance commission within two years from the commencement of the Constitution and thereafter at the end of every fifth year or earlier, as the deemed necessary by him / her, which shall include a chairman and four other members. Parliament may by law determine the requisite qualifications for appointment as members of the commission and the procedure of selection. The commission is constituted to make recommendations to the president about the distribution of the net proceeds of taxes between the Union and States and also the allocation of the same amongst the States themselves. It is also under the ambit of the finance commission to define the financial relations between the Union and the States. They also deal with the devolution of unplanned revenue resources. Functions Distribution of net proceeds of taxes between Center and the States, to be divided as per their respective contributions to the taxes. Determine factors governing Grants - in - Aid to the states and the magnitude of the same. To make recommendations to the president as to the measures needed to augment the Fund of a State to supplement the resources of the panchayats and municipalities in the state on the basis of the recommendations made by the finance commission of the state. Any other matter related to it by the president in the interest of sound finance. A finance commission is an autonomous body which is governed by the government of India. The Finance Commission ( Miscellaneous Provisions ) Act, 1951 The Finance Commission ( Miscellaneous Provisions ) Act, 1951 was passed to give a structured format to the finance commission and to bring it to par with world standards, by laying down rules for the qualification and disqualification of members of the commission, and for their appointment, term, eligibility and powers. Qualifications of the members The Chairman of a finance commission is selected from people with experience of public affairs. The other four members are selected from people who : Are, or have been, or are qualified, as judges of a high court, Have knowledge of government finances or accounts, or Have had experience in administration and financial expertise ; or Have special knowledge of economics Procedure and powers of the Commission The commission has the power to determine their own procedure and : Has all powers of a civil court as per the Civil Procedure Code, 1908. Can summon and enforce the attendance of any witness or ask any person to deliver information or produce a document, which it deems relevant. Can ask for the production of any public record or document from any court or office. Shall be deemed to be a civil court for purposes of Sections 480 and 482 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1898. Disqualification from being a member of the Commission A member may be disqualified if : He is mentally unsound ; He is an undischarged insolvent ; He has been convicted of an immoral offence ; His financial and other interests are such that it hinders the smooth functioning of the commission. Terms of office of members and eligibility for reappointment Every member will be in office for the time period as specified in the order of the President, but is eligible for reappointment provided he has, by means of a letter addressed to the president, resigned his office. Salaries and allowances of the members The members of the commission shall provide full - time or part - time service to the commission, as the President specifies in his order. The members shall be paid salaries and allowances as per the provisions made by the Central Government. List of Finance commissions So far 14 finance commissions have been appointed which are as follows : Finance commission Year of establishment Chairman Operational duration First 1951 K.C. Neogy 1952 -- 57 Second 1956 K. Santhanam 1957 -- 62 Third 1960 A.K. Chanda 1962 -- 66 Fourth 1964 P.V. Rajamannar 1966 -- 69 Fifth 1968 Mahaveer Tyagi 1969 -- 74 Sixth 1972 K. Brahmananda Reddy 1974 -- 79 Seventh 1977 J.M. Shelat 1979 -- 84 Eighth Y.B. Chavan 1984 -- 89 Ninth N.K.P. Salve 1989 -- 95 Tenth K.C. Pant 1995 -- 2000 Eleventh 1998 A.M. Khusro 2000 -- 2005 Twelfth 2002 C. Rangarajan 2005 -- 2010 Thirteenth 2007 Dr. Vijay L. Kelkar 2010 -- 2015 Fourteenth 2013 Dr. Y. V Reddy 2015 -- 2020 Fifteenth 2017 N.K. Singh 2020 -- 2025 14th Finance Commission Main article : Fourteenth Finance Commission of India Major Recommendations of 14th Finance Commission headed by Prof. YV Reddy The share of states in the net proceeds of the shareable Central taxes should be 42 %. This is 10 percentage points higher than the recommendation of 13th Finance Commission. Revenue deficit to be progressively reduced and eliminated. Fiscal deficit to be reduced to 3 % of the GDP by 2017 -- 18. A target of 62 % of GDP for the combined debt of centre and states. The Medium Term Fiscal Plan ( MTFP ) should be reformed and made the statement of commitment rather than a statement of intent. FRBM Act needs to be amended to mention the nature of shocks which shall require targets relaxation. Both centre and states should conclude ' Grand Bargain ' to implement the model Goods and Services Act ( GST ). Initiatives to reduce the number of Central Sponsored Schemes ( CSS ) and to restore the predominance of formula - based plan grants. States need to address the problem of losses in the power sector in time bound manner. 15th Finance Commission Main article : Fifteenth Finance Commission of India The Fifteenth Finance Commission was constituted by the Government of India, after the approval from the President of India, through a notification in the Gazette of India in November 2017. Nand Kishore Singh was appointed as the commission 's chairman, with its full - time members being Shaktikanta Das and Anoop Singh and its part - time members being Ramesh Chand and Ashok Lahiri. The commission was set up to give recommendations for five years commencing on 1 April 2020. The main tasks of the commission were to `` strengthen cooperative federalism, improve the quality of public spending and help protect fiscal stability ''. Some newspapers like The Hindu and The Economic Times noted that commission 's job was harder because of the rollout of goods and service tax ( GST ), as, it had taken certain powers related to taxation away from states and the Union and had given it to the GST Council. Finance Commission versus Planning Commission It is alleged that Planning Commission ( PC ) which is neither a constitutional nor a statutory body has usurped the role of finance commission ( FC ). PC has restricted FC 's role to mere recommend grants to states on revenue account only under article 275 of Indian constitution. However, after the formation of NITI Aayog ( National Institute of Transforming India ), which comes to replace the Planning Commission seeks to empower FC with the originally envisaged task of distribution of revenue to the states. See also Part One of the Constitution of India Fiscal Responsibility and Budget Management Act, 2003 References Jump up ^ `` The Finance ( Miscellaneous Provisions ) Act, 1951 ''. Retrieved 24 November 2017. Jump up ^ `` N.K. Singh heads 15th Finance Commission, Shaktikanta Das a member ''. Business Standard. New Delhi. November 27, 2017. Retrieved January 15, 2018. Jump up ^ `` NK Singh appointed Chairman of 15th Finance Commission ''. Business Line. New Delhi : The Hindu. November 27, 2017. Retrieved January 15, 2018. Jump up ^ `` N.K. Singh appointed chairman of 15th Finance Commission ''. Livemint. New Delhi : HT Media Ltd. November 27, 2017. Retrieved January 15, 2018. Jump up ^ `` Former Planning Commission Member NK Singh Appointed 15th Finance Commission Chairman ''. NDTV. New Delhi. November 28, 2017. Retrieved January 15, 2018. Jump up ^ The Finance Commission ( Miscellaneous Provisions ) Act, Act No. 33 of 1951. Retrieved on 2017 - 07 - 22. Jump up ^ `` Reports of the Finance Commissions of India ''. Retrieved 2014 - 07 - 10. Jump up ^ `` Terms of Reference of the Fourteenth Finance Commission ''. Retrieved 2014 - 07 - 10. Jump up ^ `` Terms of Reference of the Fifteenth Finance Commission ''. Retrieved 2017 - 06 - 12. ^ Jump up to : `` S.O. 3755 ( E ). -- The following order made by the President is to be published for general information : -- ORDER '' ( PDF ). The Gazette of India. New Delhi : Department of Economic Affairs, Government of India. November 27, 2017. Retrieved January 20, 2018. ^ Jump up to : `` Constitution of Fifteenth Finance Commission Notified ''. Press Information Bureau of India. November 27, 2018. Retrieved January 20, 2018. Jump up ^ `` N.K. Singh heads 15th Finance Commission, Shaktikanta Das a member ''. Business Standard. New Delhi. November 27, 2017. Retrieved January 15, 2018. Jump up ^ `` NK Singh appointed Chairman of 15th Finance Commission ''. Business Line. New Delhi : The Hindu. November 27, 2017. Retrieved January 15, 2018. Jump up ^ `` N.K. Singh appointed chairman of 15th Finance Commission ''. Livemint. New Delhi : HT Media Ltd. November 27, 2017. Retrieved January 15, 2018. Jump up ^ `` Former Planning Commission Member NK Singh Appointed 15th Finance Commission Chairman ''. NDTV. New Delhi. November 28, 2017. Retrieved January 15, 2018. Jump up ^ `` The tasks for the 15th Finance Commission ''. Livemint. HT Media Ltd. December 6, 2017. Retrieved January 20, 2018. Jump up ^ Chandrasekhar, K.M. ( October 30, 2017 ). `` Agenda for 15th Finance Commission ''. Business Standard. OCLC 496280002. Retrieved March 26, 2018. ( Subscription required ( help ) ). Jump up ^ `` New India formula ? -- on the 15th Finance Commission ''. The Hindu. Editorial. December 6, 2017. ISSN 0971 - 751X. OCLC 13119119. Retrieved March 26, 2018. Jump up ^ Srinivas, V. ( January 4, 2018 ). `` The challenges before 15th Finance Commission are many ''. The Economic Times. Indo - Asian News Service. OCLC 61311680. Retrieved March 26, 2018. 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Question: under whose chairmanship the 15th finance commission has been constituted by the union government
Answer: N. K. Singh