Indira Gandhi canal - Wikipedia Indira Gandhi canal Indira Gandhi canal Canal Country India Source Harike barrage - location Punjab Haryana and Rajasthan Discharge - average 138 m / s ( 4,873 cu ft / s ) Indira Gandhi Canal near Giddarbaha, Punjab. The Indira Gandhi Canal is one of the largest canal projects in India. It starts from the Harike Barrage at Harike, a few kilometers below the confluence of the Satluj and Beas rivers in the Indian state of Punjab and terminates in irrigation facilities in the Thar Desert in the north west of Rajasthan state. Previously known as the Rajasthan Canal, it was renamed the Indira Gandhi Canal in 1985 following the assassination of Prime Minister Indira Gandhi. The canal consists of the Rajasthan feeder canal with the first 167 kilometres ( 104 mi ) in Punjab and Haryana state and a further 37 kilometres ( 23 mi ) in Rajasthan followed by the 445 kilometres ( 277 mi ) of the Rajasthan main canal, which is entirely within Rajasthan. The canal enters Haryana from Punjab near Lohgarh village then runs through the western part of the Sirsa district before entering Rajasthan near Kharakhera village in the Tibbi tehsil of the Hanumangarh district. The canal traverses seven districts of Rajasthan : Barmer, Bikaner, Churu, Hanumangarh, Jaisalmer, Jodhpur, and Sriganganagar. Sunset over the canal Contents 1 Design and Construction 2 The Green revolution in Rajasthan 3 Improvement in living standard 4 Sand dune stabilization 5 Environmental problems 6 References 7 Sources Design and construction The idea of bringing the waters from the Himalayan Rivers flowing through Punjab and into Pakistan was conceived by an hydraulic engineer, Kanwar Sain in the late 1940s who proposed that 2,000,000 ha ( 20,000 km ) of desert land in Bikaner and the northwest corner of Jaisalmer could be brought under irrigation from the stored waters of Punjab rivers. In 1960, Indus Water Treaty was signed between India and Pakistan which gave India the right to use waters of three rivers -- the Satluj, Beas and Ravi. The proposed Rajasthan Canal envisaged use of 7.6 million acre feet of water. The initial plan was to build the canal in two stages, Stage I consisting of 204 km ( 127 mi ) feeder canal from Harike barrage in Punjab. Stage I also included constructing distributary canal system of about 2,950 km ( 1,830 mi ) in length. The stage II involved construction of 256 km ( 159 mi ) long main canal and distributary canal network of 3,600 km ( 2,200 mi ). It was planned that the main canal will be 140 ft ( 43 m ) wide at the top and 116 ft ( 35 m ) wide at the bottom with water depth of 21 ft ( 6.4 m ). The canal was scheduled to be completed by 1971. The stage I could not be completed in time due to severe financial constraints, neglect and corruption. In 1970 the plan was revised and it was decided that the entire canal will be lined with concrete tiles. Five more lift schemes were added. Flow command of stage II was increased by 100,000 ha ( 1,000 km ). With increased requirements, the total length of main, feeder and distribution canals was about 9,245 km ( 5,745 mi ). The stage I was completed in 1983 around 20 years behind the completion schedule The green revolution in Rajasthan a photo from a bridge near village Lohgarh ( district : - Sirsa ), where Indira Gandhi Canal enters from Punjab into Haryana Indira Gandhi canal near Rawatsar, India. Rajasthan Canal ( Indira Gandhi Canal ) passing through Thar desert near Chhatargarh Bikaner district, Rajasthan After the construction of the Indira Gandhi Canal, irrigation facilities were available over an area of 6,770 km ( 1,670,000 acres ) in Jaisalmer district and 37 km ( 9,100 acres ) in Barmer district. Irrigation had already been provided in an area of 3,670 km ( 910,000 acres ) in Jaisalmer district. The canal has transformed the barren deserts of this district into fertile and good fields. Crops of mustard, cotton, and wheat now grow in this semi-arid north - western region replacing the soil there previously. Improvement in living standard Rajasthan Canal ( Indira Gandhi Canal ) flowing in Thar desert near Sattasar village, Bikaner district, Rajasthan Besides providing water for agriculture, the canal will supply drinking water to hundreds of people in far - flung areas. As the second stage of work on the canal progresses rapidly, there is hope that it will enhance the living standards of the people of the state. Sand dune stabilization The Indira Gandhi Canal is a major step in reclaiming the Thar Desert and checking desertification of fertile areas. There is a planting programme for greening the desert in areas near the Indira Gandhi Canal which was started in 1965. This consists of the planting of shelter belts along roads and canals, blocks of plantations and sand dune stabilization. The tree species being used for planting are Dalbergia sissoo, Eucalyptus tereticornis, Eucalyptus camaldulensis, Morus alba, Tecomella undulata, Acacia tortilis, Azadirachta indica, Albizia lebbeck, Cassia fistula, Populus ciliata, Melia azedarach, and Vachellia nilotica. Environmental problems The excessive irrigation and intensification of agriculture over the years has caused environmental degradation and creation of new wastelands. There have been problems with water - logging caused by excessive irrigation, seepage from canals and poor drainage. These factors produced a rise in the water table, increased salinity and finally submergence of the land. These problems have been exacerbated by the cultivation of water intensive ( cash crops ). References Jump up ^ `` Indira Gandhi Nahar Project ''. Water Resources Department, Government of Rajasthan. 2009 - 01 - 15. Retrieved 2014 - 05 - 25. Jump up ^ Ramtanu Maitra : The Indira Gandhi Canal : greening the desert in India EIR Volume 14, Number 7, February 13, 1987 Sources Anon. 1998. Statistical Abstract Rajasthan. Directorate of Economic and Statistics, Rajasthan, Jaipur Balak Ram, 1999. Report on Wastelands in Hanumangarh district, Rajasthan. CAZRI, Jodhpur Kavadia, P.S. 1991. Problem of waterlogging in Indira Gandhi Nahar Project and outline of Action Plan to tackle it. Singh, S. and Kar, A. 1997. Desertification Control - In the arid ecosystem of India for sustainable development. Agro-Botanical Publishers, Bikaner Burdak, LR, 1982. Recent advances in Desert Afforestation, Dehradun Hydrography of Haryana North Haryana Rivers Ghaggar - Hakra ( vedic Sarasvati river ) Chautang ( vedic Drishadvati river ) Yamuna ( tributary of Ganges ) Markanda River Sarsuti Dangri Tangri river Kaushalya river Somb river South Haryana Rivers Yamuna ( tributary of Ganges ) Sahibi River ( called Najafgarh drain in Delhi ) Krishnavati river Dohan river Indori river Canals Western Yamuna Canal Sutlej Yamuna link canal ( from Sutlej river tributary of Indus ) Indira Gandhi Canal Seasonal Waterfalls Tikkar Taal twin lakes at Morni hiills ( Sivalik Hills in Yamunanagar district ) Dhosi Hill seasonal waterfall ( Aravalli Range in Mahendragarh district ) Pali village seasonal waterfall ( Aravalli Range on outskirts of Faridabad ) Hot Water Springs Sohna Sulphur Hot Spring ( Sohna in Gurgaon district ) Lakes Hathni Kund ( Yamunanagar district ) Brahma Sarovar ( Kurukshetra ) Sannihit Sarovar ( Kurukshetra ) Karna Lake ( Karnal ) Tilyar Lake ( Rohtak ) Damdama Lake ( Sohna, Gurgaon district ) Badkhal Lake ( Faridabad ) Surajkund ( Faridabad ) Blue Bird Lake ( Hissar ) Dams, Barrages Kaushalya Dam ( Panchkula district ) Hathnikund Barrage ( Yamunanagar district ) Tajewala Barrage ( Yamunanagar district ) Pathrala barrage ( Yamunanagar district ) Anagpur Dam ( Surajkund, Faridabad district ) Palla barrage, ( Gurugram district ) Masani barrage, ( Rewari district ) Ottu barrage ( Sirsa district ) Bridges Karnal Mughal Bridge Hydrography of surrounding areas Himachal Pradesh Uttarakhand Uttar Pradesh Rajasthan Punjab Hydrography of Rajasthan Rivers Ahar Arvari Banas Bandi Berach Chambal Dai Dheel Gambhir Ghaggar - Hakra Gomati Guhiya Jawai Kali Sindh Kalisil Kothari Luni Mahi Mej Menali Mithari Morel Parbati Sabarmati Sukli Sukri West Banas Lakes Ana Sagar Lake Balsamand Lake Dhebar Lake Fateh Sagar Lake Lake Foy Sagar Kaylana Lake Nakki Lake Pachpadra Lake Lake Pichola Pushkar Lake Rajsamand Lake Ramgarh Lake Sambhar Salt Lake Swaroop Sagar Lake Talwara Lake Udaisagar Lake Lake Badi Doodh Talai Lake Dams Bisalpur Jakham Jawahar Sagar Jawai Kota Barrage Rana Pratap Sagar Ummed Sagar Canals Agra Canal Ganga Canal Indira Gandhi Canal Hydrography of surrounding areas Gujarat Madhya Pradesh Uttar Pradesh Haryana Punjab, India Pakistan Hydrography of Punjab, India Rivers Beas Budki Ghaggar - Hakra Ravi Sutlej Lakes Harike Kanjli Ropar Dams, Barrages Ranjit Sagar Dam Canals Buddha Nullah Sirhind Canal Sutlej Yamuna link canal Indira Gandhi Canal Related topics / templates Punjab Geography Hydrography of surrounding areas Jammu and Kashmir Himachal Pradesh Haryana Rajasthan Pakistan Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Indira_Gandhi_Canal&oldid=834535073 '' Categories : Canals in Punjab, India Interbasin transfer Canals in Rajasthan Irrigation canals 1983 establishments in India Hidden categories : Use dmy dates from December 2015 Use Indian English from December 2015 All Wikipedia articles written in Indian English Geobox usage tracking for other type All articles with unsourced statements Articles with unsourced statements from November 2015 Talk Contents About Wikipedia Cebuano Deutsch हिन्दी Italiano ਪੰਜਾਬੀ Polski Svenska తెలుగు Edit links This page was last edited on 6 April 2018, at 06 : 34. 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Question: what is the largest irrigation canal in india called
Answer: The Indira Gandhi Canal