Tropical Rainforest Heritage of Sumatra - wikipedia Tropical Rainforest Heritage of Sumatra Tropical Rainforest Heritage of Sumatra UNESCO World Heritage site The critically endangered Sumatran orangutan, a great ape endemic to Sumatra, Indonesia Location Sumatra, Indonesia Includes Gunung Leuser National Park Kerinci Seblat National Park Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park Criteria Natural : ( vii ), ( ix ), ( x ) Reference 1167 Inscription 2004 ( 28th Session ) Endangered 2011 --... Area 2,595,124 ha ( 6,412,690 acres ) Coordinates 02 ° 30 ′ S 101 ° 30 ′ E ﻿ / ﻿ 2.500 ° S 101.500 ° E ﻿ / - 2.500 ; 101.500 Coordinates : 02 ° 30 ′ S 101 ° 30 ′ E ﻿ / ﻿ 2.500 ° S 101.500 ° E ﻿ / - 2.500 ; 101.500 Location of Tropical Rainforest Heritage of Sumatra in Indonesia. Bukit Barisan Selatan Gunung Leuser Kerinci Seblat Tropical Rainforest Heritage of Sumatra sites The Tropical Rainforest Heritage of Sumatra site was inscribed as a UNESCO World Heritage site in 2004. It comprises three Indonesian national parks on the island of Sumatra : Gunung Leuser National Park, Kerinci Seblat National Park and the Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park. The site is listed under Criteria vii - outstanding scenic beauty ; ix - an outstanding example representing significant on - going ecological and biological processes ; and x - contains the most important and significant natural habitats for in - situ conservation. Contents 1 Location and size 2 Geography and climate 3 Flora and fauna 4 References 5 External links Location and size The Tropical Rainforest Heritage of Sumatra consists of three national parks : Gunung Leuser National Park ( GLNP ) ( 8629.75 km ), Kerinci Seblat National Park ( KSNP ) ( 13,753.5 km ) and Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park ( BBSNP ) ( 3568 km ). The total area of the rainforest is 25,000 km. The Tropical Rainforest Heritage of Sumatra was chosen because, first, it represents significant area of forests on the island of Sumatra, because of the biodiversity, of lowland and mountain forest. This once vast island of tropical rainforest has been condensed to secluded areas, in the space of 50 years. Second, the national parks that make up the heritage are all located on the well - known key spine of the Bukit Barisan Mountains, known as the ' Andes of Sumatra ', and that all around it there are magnificent views. The mountains of each site represent important mountainous backdrops to the established and developed lowlands of Sumatra. The mixture of the stunning Lake Gunung Tujuh ( the highest lake in Southeast Asia ), the splendour of the giant Mount Kerinci volcano, many small volcanic, coastal and glacial lakes in natural forested settings. This shows the beauty of the Tropical Rainforest Heritage of Bukit Sumatra. Lastly, all three national parks have a very varied habitat and have outstanding biodiversity. Altogether the three sites make up 50 % of the total plant variety, in Sumatra. At least 92 local common species have been recognized in GLNP. The nomination contains populations of both the world 's largest flower ( Rafflesia arnoldi ) and the tallest flower ( Amorphophallus titanum ). The Tropical Rainforest of Sumatra has just recently become a part of the World Heritage List, in 2004. 2.5 million hectares of Sumatra 's rainforests were included on the World Heritage List of the UN Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization ( UNESCO ) because of their rich and different biodiversity. ( 1 ) Geography and climate Gunung Leuser National Park in the north of the island is 150 km long, over 100 km wide and is mostly mountainous. 40 % of the park is steep, and over 1,500 m. 12 % of the park only, in the lower southern half, is below 600 meters but for 25 km runs down the coast. Eleven peaks are over 2,700 m and the highest point is Gunung Leuser reaching 3,466 metres. The area surrounding Gunung Leuser is known as the Leuser Ecosystem. Kerinci Seblat National Park in the centre extends 350 km down the back of the Bukit Barisan, averaging 45 km width and 2000 m above sea level. The northern half has a lower eastern mountain range, between 800 -- 1500 m. Three quarters of the park is steep. The highest point, and highest volcano in Indonesia, is the Mount Kerinci, standing at 3,805 m. Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park is also 350 km long but only 45 km wide on average. The northern two - thirds are rocky, averaging 1,500 m with the highest point, Mount Pulung standing at 1,964 m. The southern half is lower ; 90 km of it is a cape and the park borders the sea for half its length. Many of rivers derive in the parks and there are several lakes and hot springs. The mountains have year - round little changing high temperatures, high humidity and high rainfall for 9 months in wetter areas, 7 months in drier areas. This climate has encouraged the high speciation ( formation of new species ) and variety of species. Gunung Leuser, receives 3000 mm of rainfall, in the north, and collects 4657 mm in the lowland south. Temperatures average between 21 ° C to 28 ° C and the humidity is always above 60 %, especially when over 1700 m. In Kerinci Seblat, the rainfall averages 2990 mm, temperatures range from 16 ° to 28 ° C and humidity is always high ( 77 - 90 % ). In Bukit Barisan Selatan, the rocky west is wet especially during the November to May monsoon : rainfall is 3000 -- 4000 mm. The east is drier, with 2500 -- 3000 mm of rainfall and the temperature ranging between 20 ° and 28 ° C. Flora and fauna GLNP is a part of the 18 Indonesian regions classified by the World Wide Fund for Nature ( WWF ) among the 200 global ecoregions of importance for preservation of the world 's biodiversity. 174 mammals, 3 being endemic and 21 listed as threatened in 2000. Little is known about the smaller mammals. 380 species of birds are listed, 13 being endemic and 52 threatened. Some of the important species : the orangutan, Sumatran rhinoceros, and the pigtailed monkey. Important plants are : Rafflesia arnoldi, and Amorphophallus titanum. Several important bird species : Rueck 's blue - flycatcher, and white - winged wood duck. In KSNP, 85 mammal species are recorded, 5 endemic and 23 listed threatened 370 species of birds are listed, 13 being endemic and 58 threatened. Some important mammal species : Bornean clouded leopard, Asian tapir, and Sumatran rhino. The population of Sumatran tigers in the Kerinci Seblat National Park is the highest recorded, making it one of the 12 Globally Important Tiger Conservation Landscapes. Several important bird species : white - winged wood duck and Sumatran ground - cuckoo. A few of important plant species : Hopea beccariana and Shorea ovalis ssp. seicea. BBSNP, has 98 mammals are recorded, with 1 endemic and 25 threatened 379 species of birds are listed, 7 being endemic and 58. 59 reptile and amphibian species are recorded. BBSNP has the same bird species as KSNP. Some important mammal species : Sumatran elephant, and leatherback turtle. References Jump up ^ UNESCO : Description, retrieved 02 - 12 - 2009 Jump up ^ http://www.plosone.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0025931 External links Indonesia portal UNESCO World Heritage website hide World Heritage Sites in Indonesia World Heritage Sites Borobudur Temple Compounds Komodo National Park Lorentz National Park Prambanan Temple Compounds Sangiran Early Man Site Tropical Rainforest Heritage of Sumatra Ujung Kulon National Park Subak Irrigation System Tentative List Banda Islands Banten Ancient City Bawomataluo Site Belgica Fort Besakih Transborder Rainforest Heritage of Borneo Bunaken National Park Derawan Islands Elephant Cave Great Mosque of Demak Gunongan Historical Park Muara Takus Compound Site Muarajambi Temple Compound Ngada traditional house and megalithic complex Penataran Hindu Temple Complex Prehistoric Cave Sites in Maros - Pangkep Pulau Penyengat Palace Complex Raja Ampat Islands Ratu Boko Temple Complex Sukuh Hindu Temple Taka Bonerate National Park Tana Toraja Traditional Settlement Trowulan - Former Capital City of Majapahit Kingdom Wakatobi National Park Waruga Burial Complex Yogyakarta Palace Complex Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tropical_Rainforest_Heritage_of_Sumatra&oldid=843303645 '' Categories : World Heritage Sites in Indonesia Natural history of Indonesia Tropical rainforests of Indonesia Protected areas of Sumatra World Heritage Sites in Danger Talk Contents About Wikipedia Asturianu বাংলা Català Čeština Deutsch Español Français Հայերեն Hrvatski Bahasa Indonesia Italiano עברית ქართული मैथिली മലയാളം Монгол Nederlands नेपाली 日本 語 Português Русский Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски Suomi Svenska ไทย Türkçe Українська Tiếng Việt Winaray 粵語 中文 डोटेली 24 more Edit links This page was last edited on 28 May 2018, at 07 : 34 ( UTC ). 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Question: where is the tropical rainforest of sumatra located
Answer: on the well-known key spine of the Bukit Barisan Mountains, known as the ‘Andes of Sumatra’