Sea of Marmara - wikipedia Sea of Marmara `` Propontis '' redirects here. For the Liberian cargo ship, see SS Propontis. Sea of Marmara Marmara Denizi Map of the Sea of Marmara Location Europe and Asia Coordinates 40 ° 41 ′ 12 '' N 28 ° 19 ′ 7 '' E ﻿ / ﻿ 40.68667 ° N 28.31861 ° E ﻿ / 40.68667 ; 28.31861 Coordinates : 40 ° 41 ′ 12 '' N 28 ° 19 ′ 7 '' E ﻿ / ﻿ 40.68667 ° N 28.31861 ° E ﻿ / 40.68667 ; 28.31861 Type Inland Sea Primary inflows Simav River, Biga Çayı, Nilüfer River Primary outflows Turkish Straits Catchment area 11,500 km ( 4,400 sq mi ) Basin countries Turkey Surface area 11,350 km ( 4,380 sq mi ) Average depth 494 m ( 1,621 ft ) Max. depth 1,370 m ( 4,490 ft ) Water volume 3,378 km ( 810 cu mi ) Islands Marmara Island, Avşa, İmralı, Prince Islands, Paşalimanı and Ekinlik Island Settlements Istanbul, Bursa, İzmit, Tekirdağ, Balıkesir, Çanakkale, and Yalova Photograph of the Sea of Marmara from space ( STS - 40, 1991 ). The sea is the light - colored body of water. This astronaut photograph highlights the metropolitan area of Izmit along the northern and eastern shores of the Sea of Marmara, at the end of the Gulf of Izmit. Sea of Marmara -- From the dining room of the Rákóczi exile The Sea of Marmara / ˈmɑːrmərə / ( Turkish : Marmara Denizi ), also known as the Sea of Marmora or the Marmara Sea, and in the context of classical antiquity as the Propontis is the inland sea, entirely within the borders of Turkey, that connects the Black Sea to the Aegean Sea, thus separating Turkey 's Asian and European parts. The Bosphorus strait connects it to the Black Sea and the Dardanelles strait to the Aegean Sea. The former also separates Istanbul into its Asian and European sides. The Sea of Marmara is the smallest sea in the world. It has an area of 11,350 km2 ( 280 km x 80 km ). Its greatest depth is 1,370 m ( 4,490 ft ). Contents 1 Name 2 Geography 2.1 Extent 3 Towns and cities 4 See also 5 Image gallery 6 References 7 External links Name The sea takes its name from the island of Marmara, which is rich in sources of marble, from the Greek μάρμαρον ( marmaron ), `` marble ''. The sea 's ancient Greek name Propontis derives from pro - ( before ) and pontos ( sea ), deriving from the fact that the Greeks sailed through it to reach the Black Sea, Pontos. In Greek mythology, a storm on Propontis brought the Argonauts back to an island they had left, precipitating a battle where either Jason or Heracles killed King Cyzicus, who mistook them for his Pelasgian enemies. Geography The surface salinity of the sea averages about 22 parts per thousand, which is slightly greater than that of the Black Sea, but only about two - thirds that of most oceans. The water is much more saline at the sea bottom, averaging salinities of around 38 parts per thousand, similar to that of the Mediterranean Sea. This high - density saline water, like that of the Black Sea, does not migrate to the surface. Water from the Susurluk, Biga ( Granicus ) and Gonen Rivers also reduces the salinity of the sea, though with less influence than on the Black Sea. With little land in Thrace draining southward, almost all of these rivers flow from Anatolia. The sea contains the archipelago of the Prince Islands and Marmara Island, Avşa and Paşalimanı. The south coast of the sea is heavily indented, and includes the Gulf of İzmit ( Turkish : İzmit Körfezi ), the Gulf of Gemlik ( Turkish : Gemlik Körfezi ) Gulf of Bandırma ( Turkish : Bandırma Körfezi ) and the Gulf of Erdek ( Turkish : Erdek Körfezi ). During a storm on December 29, 1999, the Russian oil tanker Volgoneft broke in two in the Sea of Marmara, and more than 1,500 tonnes of oil were spilled into the water. The North Anatolian Fault, which has triggered many major earthquakes in recent years, such as the August and November 1999 earthquakes in Izmit and Düzce, respectively, runs under the sea. Extent The International Hydrographic Organization defines the limits of the Sea of Marmara as follows : On the West. The Dardanelles limit of the Aegean Sea ( A line joining Kum Kale ( 26 ° 11'E ) and Cape Helles ). On the Northeast. A line joining Cape Rumili with Cape Anatoli ( 41 ° 13'N ). Towns and cities Towns and cities on the Marmara Sea coast include : Istanbul Province Istanbul Adalar Bakırköy Bostancı Kadıköy Kartal Kumkapı Pendik Üsküdar Yeşilköy Zeytinburnu Büyükçekmece Kumburgaz Silivri Tuzla Balıkesir Province Bandırma Erdek Gönen Marmara Bursa Province Gemlik Karacabey Mudanya Çanakkale Province Biga Gelibolu Lapseki Kocaeli Province Derince Eskihisar Gebze Gölcük Hereke İzmit ( Pr. Cap ) Karamürsel Körfez Tekirdağ Province Marmara Ereğli Şarköy Tekirdağ ( Pr. Cap ) Yalova Province Altınova Armutlu Çiftlikköy Çınarcık Termal Yalova ( Pr. Cap ) See also 1509 Constantinople earthquake 1999 İzmit earthquake Black Sea deluge hypothesis Kanal İstanbul Montreux Convention Regarding the Regime of the Straits Turkish Straits Image gallery Aerial view of the Bosphorus, southern end and Istanbul in the background View of Marmara Sea from Istanbul ( Kumkapı ) Sea of Marmara approaching Yassıada View of the Marmara Sea from Yeşilköy View of the Marmara Sea from Kadıköy References Jump up ^ Sea of Marmara Jump up ^ Marmaron, Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott. `` A Greek - English Lexicon ''. Perseus. Retrieved January 12, 2009. CS1 maint : Multiple names : authors list ( link ) Jump up ^ Carlos Parada. `` Greek Mythology Link ''. Retrieved April 30, 2001. Jump up ^ `` Limits of Oceans and Seas, 3rd edition '' ( PDF ). International Hydrographic Organization. 1953. Retrieved February 7, 2010. 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Question: where is the marmara sea located on a map
Answer: entirely within the borders of Turkey, that connects the Black Sea to the Aegean Sea, thus separating Turkey's Asian and European parts