Sun bear - wikipedia Sun bear For the author also known as Sun Bear, see Sun Bear ( author ). Sun bear Temporal range : Pleistocene - recent, 1 -- 0 Ma PreЄ Є Pg ↓ Conservation status Vulnerable ( IUCN 3.1 ) Scientific classification Kingdom : Animalia Phylum : Chordata Class : Mammalia Order : Carnivora Family : Ursidae Subfamily : Ursinae Genus : Helarctos Horsfield 1825 Species : H. malayanus Binomial name Helarctos malayanus ( Raffles, 1821 ) Subspecies H. m. malayanus ( Raffles, 1821 ) H. m. euryspilus ( Horsfield, 1825 ) Sun bear range ( brown -- extant, black -- former, dark grey -- presence uncertain ) Synonyms Ursus malayanus Raffles, 1821 The sun bear ( Helarctos malayanus ) is a bear species occurring in tropical forest habitats of Southeast Asia. It is classified as Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List as the large - scale deforestation that has occurred throughout Southeast Asia over the past three decades has dramatically reduced suitable habitat for the sun bear. The global population is thought to have declined by more than 30 % over the past three bear generations. The Malayan sun bear is also known as the `` honey bear '', which refers to its voracious appetite for honeycombs and honey. However, `` honey bear '' can also refer to a kinkajou, which is an unrelated member of the Procyonidae. Contents 1 Characteristics 2 Distribution and habitat 2.1 Distribution of subspecies 3 Ecology and behavior 3.1 Diet 3.2 Reproduction 4 Threats 5 Conservation 5.1 In captivity 6 Gallery 7 References 8 External links Characteristics Sun bear skull The sun bear 's fur is usually jet - black, short, and sleek with some under - wool ; some individual sun bears are reddish or gray. Two whirls occur on the shoulders, from where the hair radiates in all directions. A crest is seen on the sides of the neck and a whorl occurs in the centre of the breast patch. Always, a more or less crescent - shaped pale patch is found on the breast that varies individually in colour ranging from buff, cream, or dirty white to ochreous. The skin is naked on the upper lip. The tongue is long and protrusible. The ears are small and round, broad at the base, and capable of very little movement. The front legs are somewhat bowed with the paws turned inwards, and the claws are cream. The sun bear is the smallest of the bears. Adults are about 120 -- 150 cm ( 47 -- 59 in ) long and weigh 27 -- 80 kg ( 60 -- 176 lb ). Males are 10 -- 20 % larger than females. The muzzle is short and light coloured, and in most cases the white area extends above the eyes. The paws are large, and the soles are naked, which is thought to be an adaptation for climbing trees. The claws are large, curved, and pointed. They are sickle - shaped ; the front paw claws are long and heavy. The tail is 30 -- 70 mm ( 1.2 -- 2.8 in ) long. During feeding, the sun bear can extend the exceptionally long tongue 20 -- 25 cm ( 7.9 -- 9.8 in ) to extract insects and honey. It has very large teeth, especially canines, and high bite forces in relation to its body size, which are not well understood, but could be related to its frequent opening of tropical hardwood trees ( with its powerful jaws and claws ) in pursuit of insects, larvae, or honey. The entire head is also large, broad, and heavy in proportion to the body, and the palate is wide in proportion to the skull. The overall morphology of this bear ( inward turned front feet, ventrally flattened chest, powerful forelimbs with large claws ) indicates adaptation for extensive climbing. Distribution and habitat Sun bears are found in the tropical rainforest of Southeast Asia ranging from northeastern India, Bangladesh, Myanmar, Thailand, Peninsular Malaysia, Laos, Cambodia, Vietnam to southern Yunnan Province in China, and on the islands of Sumatra and Borneo in Indonesia. They now occur very patchily through much of their former range, and have been extirpated from many areas, especially in mainland Southeast Asia. Their current distribution in eastern Myanmar and most of Yunnan is unknown. The bear 's habitat is associated with tropical evergreen forests Distribution of subspecies H. m. malayanus ( Raffles, 1821 ) -- inhabits Asian mainland and Sumatra ; H. m. euryspilus ( Horsfield, 1825 ) -- occurs only on the island of Borneo. Helarctos anmamiticus described by Pierre Marie Heude in 1901 from Annam is not considered a distinct species, but is subordinated ( junior synonym ) to H. m. malayanus. Ecology and behavior As sun bears occur in tropical regions with year - round available foods, they do not hibernate. Except for females with their offspring, they are usually solitary. Male sun bears are primarily diurnal, but some are active at night for short periods. Bedding sites consist mainly of fallen hollow logs, but they also rest in standing trees with cavities, in cavities underneath fallen logs or tree roots, and in tree branches high above the ground. In captivity, they exhibit social behavior, and sleep mostly during the day. Sun bears are known as very fierce animals when surprised in the forest. Diet A sun bear in Shanghai Zoo showing its powerful jaws Bees, beehives, and honey are important food items of sun bears. They are omnivores, feeding primarily on termites, ants, beetle larvae, bee larvae and a large variety of fruit species, especially figs when available. They have been observed eating fruits from the durian species Durio graveolens. Occasionally, growth shoots of certain palms and some species of flowers are consumed, but otherwise vegetative matter appears rare in the diet. In the forests of Kalimantan, fruits of Moraceae, Burseraceae and Myrtaceae make up more than 50 % of the fruit diet. They are known to tear open trees with their long, sharp claws and teeth in search of wild bees and leave behind shattered tree trunks. Sun bear scats collected in a forest reserve in Sabah contained mainly invertebrates such as beetles and their larvae, termites, and ants, followed by fruits and vertebrates. They break open decayed wood in search of termites, beetle larvae, and earthworms, and use their claws and teeth to break the standing termite mound into a few pieces. They quickly lick and suck the contents from the exposed mound, and also hold pieces of the broken mound with their front paws, while licking the termites from the surface of the mound. They consume figs in large amounts and eat them whole. Vertebrates consumed comprise birds, eggs, reptiles, turtles, deer and several unidentified small vertebrates. Hair or bone remains are rarely found in sun bear scat. They can crack open nuts with their powerful jaws. Much of their food must be detected using their keen sense of smell. Reproduction Females are observed to mate at about 3 years of age. During time of mating, the sun bear shows behaviours such as hugging, mock fighting, and head bobbing with its mate. Gestation has been reported at 95 and 174 days. Litters consist of one or two cubs weighing about 280 -- 325 g ( 9.9 -- 11.5 oz ) each. Cubs are born blind and hairless. Initially, they are totally dependent on their mothers, and suckle for about 18 months. After one to three months, the young can run, play, and forage near their mothers. They reach sexual maturity after 3 -- 4 years, and may live up to 30 years in captivity. Threats The two major threats to sun bears are habitat loss and commercial hunting. These threats are not evenly distributed throughout their range. In areas where deforestation is actively occurring, they are mainly threatened by the loss of forest habitat and forest degradation arising from clear - cutting for plantation development, unsustainable logging practices, illegal logging both within and outside protected areas, and forest fires. The main predator of sun bears throughout its range by far is man. Commercial poaching of bears for the wildlife trade is a considerable threat in most countries. During surveys in Kalimantan between 1994 and 1997, interviewees admitted to hunting sun bears and indicated that sun bear meat is eaten by indigenous people in several areas in Kalimantan. High consumption of bear parts was reported to occur where Japanese or Korean expatriate employees of timber companies created a temporary demand. Traditional Chinese medicine ( TCM ) shops in Sarawak and Sabah offered sun bear gallbladders. Several confiscated sun bears indicated that live bears are also in demand for the pet trade. Sun bears are among the three primary bear species specifically targeted for the bear bile trade in Southeast Asia, and are kept in bear farms in Laos, Vietnam, and Myanmar. Bear bile products include raw bile sold in vials, gall bladder by the gram or in whole form, flakes, powder and pills. The commercial production of bear bile from bear farming has turned bile from a purely traditional medicinal ingredient to a commodity with bile now found in non-TCM products like cough drops, shampoo, and soft drinks. Tigers and other large cats are potential predators. American Museum of Natural History naturalist and co-founder Albert S. Bickmore described a case in which a tiger - sun bear interaction resulted in a prolonged altercation and in the death of both animals. A wild female sun bear was swallowed by a large reticulated python in a lowland dipterocarp forest in East Kalimantan. The python possibly had come across the sleeping bear. Other predators on mainland Southeast Asia and Sumatra could be the leopard and the clouded leopard, although the latter could be too small to kill an adult sun bear. Conservation See also : Taman Negara Helarctos malayanus is listed on CITES Appendix I since 1979. Killing of sun bears is strictly prohibited under national wildlife protection laws throughout their range. However, little enforcement of these laws occurs. In captivity The Malayan sun bear is part of an international captive - breeding program and has a Species Survival Plan under the Association of Zoos and Aquariums since late 1994. Since that same year, the European breed registry for sun bears is kept in the Cologne Zoological Garden, Germany. Comprehensive research about sun bear conservation and rehabilitation is the mission of the Bornean Sun Bear Conservation Centre in Sandakan, Sabah, founded in 2008 by wildlife biologist Wong Siew Te. Gallery Malayan sun bear at the Columbus Zoo A juvenile sun bear at the Bornean Sun Bear Conservation Centre, Malaysia Three sun bears at the Medan old zoo in Jalan Brigjen Katamso, Medan, North Sumatra, Indonesia. References ^ Jump up to : Scotson, L., Fredriksson, G., Augeri, D., Cheah, C., Ngoprasert, D. & Wai - Ming, W. ( 2017 ). `` Helarctos malayanus ''. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2017 - 3. International Union for Conservation of Nature. CS1 maint : Uses authors parameter ( link ) ^ Jump up to : Lekagul, B. and J.A. McNeely ( 1977 ). Mammals of Thailand. Kurusapha Ladprao Press, Bangkok. ^ Jump up to : Servheen, C. ; Salter, R.E. ( 1999 ). `` Chapter 11 : Sun Bear Conservation Action Plan ''. In Servheen, C. ; Herrero, S. ; Peyton, B. Bears : Status Survey and Conservation Action Plan ( PDF ). Gland : International Union for Conservation of Nature. pp. 219 -- 224. Jump up ^ Pocock, R.I. ( 1941 ). The fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Mammalia. -- Volume 2. Taylor and Francis, London. ^ Jump up to : Malayan Sun Bear, Arkive ^ Jump up to : Servheen, C. ( 1993 ). The Sun Bear. Pp. 124 in : Stirling, I., Kirshner, D., Knight, F. ( eds. ). Bears, Majestic Creatures of the Wild. Rodale Press, Emmaus, Pennsylvania. Jump up ^ Brown, G. ( 1996 ). Great Bear Almanac. p. 340. ISBN 1 - 55821 - 474 - 7. Jump up ^ Meijaard, E. ( 1997 ). The Malayan Sun Bear on Borneo, with Special Emphasis on its Conservation Status in Kalimantan, Indonesia. International Ministry of Forestry -- Tropendos Kalimantan Project and World Society for the Protection of Animals, London. Jump up ^ Christiansen, P ( 2007 ). `` Evolutionary implications of bite mechanics and feeding ecology in bears ''. Journal of Zoology. 272 ( 4 ) : 423 -- 443. doi : 10.1111 / j. 1469 - 7998.2006. 00286. x. Jump up ^ Nazeri, Mona ; Jusoff K ; Madani N ; Mahmud AR ; Bahman AR ; et al. ( 2012 ). `` Predictive Modeling and Mapping of Malayan Sun Bear ( Helarctos malayanus ) Distribution Using Maximum Entropy ''. PLOS One. 7 ( 10 ) : e48104. Bibcode : 2012PLoSO... 748104N. doi : 10.1371 / journal. pone. 0048104. PMC 3480464. PMID 23110182. ^ Jump up to : Ellerman, J.R., Morrison - Scott, T.C.S. ( 1966 ). Checklist of Palaearctic and Indian mammals 1758 to 1946. Second edition. British Museum of Natural History, London. Page241. Jump up ^ Meijaard, E. ( 2004 ). Craniometric differences among Malayan sun bears ( Ursus malayanus ) ; Evolutionary and taxonomic implications. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 52 : 665 -- 672. Jump up ^ Wong, S.T. ; Servheen, C.W. ; Ambu, L. ( 2004 ). `` Home range, movement and activity patterns, and bedding sites of Malayan sun bears Helarctos malayanus in the Rainforest of Borneo '' ( PDF ). Biological Conservation. 119 ( 2 ) : 169 -- 181. doi : 10.1016 / j. biocon. 2003.10. 029. Jump up ^ Wong, S. T ( 2011 ). `` The Integration of Fulung and Mary ''. Borneo Sun Bear Conservation Center. Jump up ^ Fredriksson, Gabriella M. ; Wich, Serge A. ; Trisno ( 1 November 2006 ). `` Frugivory in sun bears ( Helarctos malayanus ) is linked to El Niño - related fluctuations in fruiting phenology, East Kalimantan, Indonesia ''. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society. London, UK : The Linnean Society of London. 89 ( 3 ) : 489 -- 508. doi : 10.1111 / j. 1095 - 8312.2006. 00688. x. ISSN 1095 - 8312. Retrieved 6 November 2017. Durio graveolens Bombacaceae S fr Tree Jump up ^ MacKinnon, K., Hattah, G., Halim, H., Mangalik, A. ( 1996 ). The ecology of Kalimantan, Indonesia Borneo. Periplus Editions, Hong Kong. Jump up ^ Wong, S.T. ; Servheen C. ; Ambu, L. ( 2002 ). `` Food habits of Malayan Sun Bears in lowland tropical forests of Borneo '' ( PDF ). Ursus. 13 : 127 -- 136. Jump up ^ Augeri, D.M. ( 2005 ). On the Biogeographic Ecology of the Malayan Sun Bear. PhD dissertation, Darwin College, Cambridge. ^ Jump up to : Ball, J. ( 2000 ). Sun Bear Fact Sheet. Woodland Park Zoo. Jump up ^ Meijaard, E. ( 1999 ). Human imposed threats to sun bears in Borneo. Ursus 11 : 185 -- 192. Jump up ^ Foley, K.E., Stengel, C.J. and Shepherd, C.R. ( 2011 ). Pills, Powders, Vials and Flakes : the bear bile trade in Asia. Traffic Southeast Asia, Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia. Jump up ^ Kawanishi, K. ; Sunquist, M.E. ( 2004 ). `` Conservation status of tigers in a primary rainforest of Peninsular Malaysia ''. Biological Conservation. 120 ( 3 ) : 329 -- 344. doi : 10.1016 / j. biocon. 2004.03. 005. CS1 maint : Multiple names : authors list ( link ) Jump up ^ Bickmore, Albert Smith. Travels in the East Asian Archipelago. London : John Murray ; 1868. pp510 - 1. Accessed at : https://books.google.com/books?id=PAlJAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA510&lpg=PA510&dq=sun+bear+tiger+travels+in+the+archipelago&source=bl&ots=PWZxeOlNd3&sig=dBxYegZDpKLcBUGQ1DNDBQUwsaE&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CB4Q6AEwAGoVChMI2ZLT9fWHxgIV0j2MCh07Mw50#v=onepage&q=sun%20bear%20tiger%20travels%20in%20the%20archipelago&f=false Jump up ^ Fredriksson, G.M. ( 2005 ). `` Predation on Sun Bears by Reticulated Python in East Kalimantan, Indonesian Borneo '' ( PDF ). Raffles Bulletin of Zoology. 53 ( 1 ) : 165 -- 168. Jump up ^ Kok, J. ( ed. ) ( 2008 ). EAZA Bear TAG Annual Report 2007 -- 2008. European Association of Zoos and Aquaria, Amsterdam. External links Wikimedia Commons has media related to : Helarctos malayanus ( category ) Wikispecies has information related to Helarctos malayanus ARKive : Malayan Sun Bear ( Helarctos malayanus ) San Diego Zoo 's Animal Bytes : Sun Bear Bornean Sun Bear Conservation The effects of selective logging on Malayan sun bears in lowland tropical rainforest of Borneo Extant Carnivora species Kingdom : Animalia Phylum : Chordata Class : Mammalia Infraclass : Eutheria Superorder : Laurasiatheria Suborder Feliformia Nandiniidae Nandinia African palm civet ( N. binotata ) Herpestidae ( Mongooses ) Atilax Marsh mongoose ( A. paludinosus ) Bdeogale Bushy - tailed mongoose ( B. crassicauda ) Jackson 's mongoose ( B. jacksoni ) Black - footed mongoose ( B. nigripes ) Crossarchus Alexander 's kusimanse ( C. alexandri ) Angolan kusimanse ( C. ansorgei ) Common kusimanse ( C. obscurus ) Flat - headed kusimanse ( C. platycephalus ) Cynictis Yellow mongoose ( C. penicillata ) Dologale Pousargues 's mongoose ( D. dybowskii ) Galerella Angolan slender mongoose ( G. flavescens ) Black mongoose ( G. nigrata ) Somalian slender mongoose ( G. ochracea ) Cape gray mongoose ( G. pulverulenta ) Slender mongoose ( G. sanguinea ) Helogale Ethiopian dwarf mongoose ( H. hirtula ) Common dwarf mongoose ( H. parvula ) Herpestes Short - tailed mongoose ( H. brachyurus ) Indian gray mongoose ( H. edwardsii ) Indian brown mongoose ( H. fuscus ) Egyptian mongoose ( H. ichneumon ) Small Asian mongoose ( H. javanicus ) Long - nosed mongoose ( H. naso ) Collared mongoose ( H. semitorquatus ) Ruddy mongoose ( H. smithii ) Crab - eating mongoose ( H. urva ) Stripe - necked mongoose ( H. vitticollis ) Ichneumia White - tailed mongoose ( I. albicauda ) Liberiictus Liberian mongoose ( L. kuhni ) Mungos Gambian mongoose ( M. gambianus ) Banded mongoose ( M. mungo ) Paracynictis Selous ' mongoose ( P. selousi ) Rhynchogale Meller 's mongoose ( R. melleri ) Suricata Meerkat ( S. suricatta ) Hyaenidae ( Hyenas ) Crocuta Spotted hyena ( C. crocuta ) Hyaena Brown hyena ( H. brunnea ) Striped hyena ( H. hyaena ) Proteles Aardwolf ( P. cristatus ) Felidae Large family listed below Viverridae Large family listed below Eupleridae Small family listed below Family Felidae Felinae Acinonyx Cheetah ( A. jubatus ) Caracal Caracal ( C. caracal ) African golden cat ( C. aurata ) Catopuma Bay cat ( C. badia ) Asian golden cat ( C. temminckii ) Felis European wildcat ( F. silvestris ) African wildcat ( F. lybica ) Jungle cat ( F. chaus ) Black - footed cat ( F. nigripes ) Sand cat ( F. margarita ) Chinese mountain cat ( F. bieti ) Domestic cat ( F. catus ) Leopardus Ocelot ( L. pardalis ) Margay ( L. wiedii ) Pampas cat ( L. colocola ) Geoffroy 's cat ( L. geoffroyi ) Kodkod ( L. guigna ) Andean mountain cat ( L. jacobita ) Oncilla ( L. tigrinus ) Southern tigrina ( L. guttulus ) Leptailurus Serval ( L. serval ) Lynx Canadian lynx ( L. canadensis ) Eurasian lynx ( L. lynx ) Iberian lynx ( L. pardinus ) Bobcat ( L. rufus ) Otocolobus Pallas 's cat ( O. manul ) Pardofelis Marbled cat ( P. marmorata ) Prionailurus Fishing cat ( P. viverrinus ) Leopard cat ( P. bengalensis ) Sundaland leopard cat ( P. javanensis ) Flat - headed cat ( P. planiceps ) Rusty - spotted cat ( P. rubiginosus ) Puma Cougar ( P. concolor ) Herpailurus Jaguarundi ( H. yagouaroundi ) Pantherinae Panthera Lion ( P. leo ) Jaguar ( P. onca ) Leopard ( P. pardus ) Tiger ( P. tigris ) Snow leopard ( P. uncia ) Neofelis Clouded leopard ( N. nebulosa ) Sunda clouded leopard ( N. diardi ) Family Viverridae ( includes Civets ) Paradoxurinae Arctictis Binturong ( A. binturong ) Arctogalidia Small - toothed palm civet ( A. trivirgata ) Macrogalidia Sulawesi palm civet ( M. musschenbroekii ) Paguma Masked palm civet ( P. larvata ) Paradoxurus Golden wet - zone palm civet ( P. aureus ) Asian palm civet ( P. hermaphroditus ) Jerdon 's palm civet ( P. jerdoni ) Golden palm civet ( P. zeylonensis ) Hemigalinae Chrotogale Owston 's palm civet ( C. owstoni ) Cynogale Otter civet ( C. bennettii ) Diplogale Hose 's palm civet ( D. hosei ) Hemigalus Banded palm civet ( H. derbyanus ) Prionodontinae ( Asiatic linsangs ) Prionodon Banded linsang ( P. linsang ) Spotted linsang ( P. pardicolor ) Viverrinae Civettictis African civet ( C. civetta ) Genetta ( Genets ) Abyssinian genet ( G. abyssinica ) Angolan genet ( G. angolensis ) Bourlon 's genet ( G. bourloni ) Crested servaline genet ( G. cristata ) Common genet ( G. genetta ) Johnston 's genet ( G. johnstoni ) Rusty - spotted genet ( G. maculata ) Pardine genet ( G. pardina ) Aquatic genet ( G. piscivora ) King genet ( G. poensis ) Servaline genet ( G. servalina ) Haussa genet ( G. thierryi ) Cape genet ( G. tigrina ) Giant forest genet ( G. victoriae ) Poiana African linsang ( P. richardsonii ) Leighton 's linsang ( P. leightoni ) Viverra Malabar large - spotted civet ( V. civettina ) Large - spotted civet ( V. megaspila ) Malayan civet ( V. tangalunga ) Large Indian civet ( V. zibetha ) Viverricula Small Indian civet ( V. indica ) Family Eupleridae Euplerinae Cryptoprocta Fossa ( C. ferox ) Eupleres Eastern falanouc ( E. goudotii ) Western falanouc ( E. major ) Fossa Malagasy civet ( F. fossana ) Galidiinae Galidia Ring - tailed mongoose ( G. elegans ) Galidictis Broad - striped Malagasy mongoose ( G. fasciata ) Grandidier 's mongoose ( G. grandidieri ) Mungotictis Narrow - striped mongoose ( M. decemlineata ) Salanoia Brown - tailed mongoose ( S. concolor ) Durrell 's vontsira ( S. durrelli ) Suborder Caniformia ( cont. below ) Ursidae ( Bears ) Ailuropoda Giant panda ( A. melanoleuca ) Helarctos Sun bear ( H. malayanus ) Melursus Sloth bear ( M. ursinus ) Tremarctos Spectacled bear ( T. ornatus ) Ursus American black bear ( U. americanus ) Brown bear ( U. arctos ) Polar bear ( U. maritimus ) Asian black bear ( U. thibetanus ) Mephitidae Conepatus ( Hog - nosed skunks ) Molina 's hog - nosed skunk ( C. chinga ) Humboldt 's hog - nosed skunk ( C. humboldtii ) American hog - nosed skunk ( C. leuconotus ) Striped hog - nosed skunk ( C. semistriatus ) Mephitis Hooded skunk ( M. macroura ) Striped skunk ( M. mephitis ) Mydaus Sunda stink badger ( M. javanensis ) Palawan stink badger ( M. marchei ) Spilogale ( Spotted skunks ) Southern spotted skunk ( S. angustifrons ) Western spotted skunk ( S. gracilis ) Eastern spotted skunk ( S. putorius ) Pygmy spotted skunk ( S. pygmaea ) Procyonidae Bassaricyon ( Olingos ) Eastern lowland olingo ( B. alleni ) Northern olingo ( B. gabbii ) Western lowland olingo ( B. medius ) Olinguito ( B. neblina ) Bassariscus Ring - tailed cat ( B. astutus ) Cacomistle ( B. sumichrasti ) Nasua ( Coatis inclusive ) White - nosed coati ( N. narica ) South American coati ( N. nasua ) Nasuella ( Coatis inclusive ) Western mountain coati ( N. olivacea ) Eastern mountain coati ( N. meridensis ) Potos Kinkajou ( P. flavus ) Procyon Crab - eating raccoon ( P. cancrivorus ) Raccoon ( P. lotor ) Cozumel raccoon ( P. pygmaeus ) Ailuridae Ailurus Red panda ( A. fulgens ) Suborder Caniformia ( cont. above ) Otariidae ( Eared seals ) ( includes fur seals and sea lions ) ( Pinniped inclusive ) Arctocephalus South American fur seal ( A. australis ) Australasian fur seal ( A. forsteri ) Galápagos fur seal ( A. galapagoensis ) Antarctic fur seal ( A. gazella ) Juan Fernández fur seal ( A. philippii ) Brown fur seal ( A. pusillus ) Guadalupe fur seal ( A. townsendi ) Subantarctic fur seal ( A. tropicalis ) Callorhinus Northern fur seal ( C. ursinus ) Eumetopias Steller sea lion ( E. jubatus ) Neophoca Australian sea lion ( N. cinerea ) Otaria South American sea lion ( O. flavescens ) Phocarctos New Zealand sea lion ( P. hookeri ) Zalophus California sea lion ( Z. californianus ) Galápagos sea lion ( Z. wollebaeki ) Odobenidae ( Pinniped inclusive ) Odobenus Walrus ( O. rosmarus ) Phocidae ( Earless seals ) ( Pinniped inclusive ) Cystophora Hooded seal ( C. cristata ) Erignathus Bearded seal ( E. barbatus ) Halichoerus Gray seal ( H. grypus ) Histriophoca Ribbon seal ( H. fasciata ) Hydrurga Leopard seal ( H. leptonyx ) Leptonychotes Weddell seal ( L. weddellii ) Lobodon Crabeater seal ( L. carcinophagus ) Mirounga ( Elephant seals ) Northern elephant seal ( M. angustirostris ) Southern elephant seal ( M. leonina ) Monachus Mediterranean monk seal ( M. monachus ) Hawaiian monk seal ( M. schauinslandi ) Ommatophoca Ross seal ( O. rossi ) Pagophilus Harp seal ( P. groenlandicus ) Phoca Spotted seal ( P. largha ) Harbor seal ( P. vitulina ) Pusa Caspian seal ( P. caspica ) Ringed seal ( P. hispida ) Baikal seal ( P. sibirica ) Canidae Large family listed below Mustelidae Large family listed below Family Canidae ( includes dogs ) Atelocynus Short - eared dog ( A. microtis ) Canis Side - striped jackal ( C. adustus ) African golden wolf ( C. anthus ) Golden jackal ( C. aureus ) Coyote ( C. latrans ) Gray wolf ( C. lupus ) Black - backed jackal ( C. mesomelas ) Red wolf ( C. rufus ) Ethiopian wolf ( C. simensis ) Cerdocyon Crab - eating fox ( C. thous ) Chrysocyon Maned wolf ( C. brachyurus ) Cuon Dhole ( C. alpinus ) Lycalopex Culpeo ( L. culpaeus ) Darwin 's fox ( L. fulvipes ) South American gray fox ( L. griseus ) Pampas fox ( L. gymnocercus ) Sechuran fox ( L. sechurae ) Hoary fox ( L. vetulus ) Lycaon African wild dog ( L. pictus ) Nyctereutes Raccoon dog ( N. procyonoides ) Otocyon Bat - eared fox ( O. megalotis ) Speothos Bush dog ( S. venaticus ) Urocyon Gray fox ( U. cinereoargenteus ) Island fox ( U. littoralis ) Vulpes ( Foxes ) Bengal fox ( V. bengalensis ) Blanford 's fox ( V. cana ) Cape fox ( V. chama ) Corsac fox ( V. corsac ) Tibetan sand fox ( V. ferrilata ) Arctic fox ( V. lagopus ) Kit fox ( V. macrotis ) Pale fox ( V. pallida ) Rüppell 's fox ( V. rueppelli ) Swift fox ( V. velox ) Red fox ( V. vulpes ) Fennec fox ( V. zerda ) Family Mustelidae Lutrinae ( Otters ) Aonyx African clawless otter ( A. capensis ) Oriental small - clawed otter ( A. cinerea ) Enhydra Sea otter ( E. lutris ) Hydrictis Spotted - necked otter ( H. maculicollis ) Lontra North American river otter ( L. canadensis ) Marine otter ( L. felina ) Neotropical otter ( L. longicaudis ) Southern river otter ( L. provocax ) Lutra Eurasian otter ( L. lutra ) Hairy - nosed otter ( L. sumatrana ) Lutrogale Smooth - coated otter ( L. perspicillata ) Pteronura Giant otter ( P. brasiliensis ) Mustelinae ( including badgers ) Arctonyx Hog badger ( A. collaris ) Eira Tayra ( E. barbara ) Galictis Lesser grison ( G. cuja ) Greater grison ( G. vittata ) Gulo Wolverine ( G. gulo ) Ictonyx Saharan striped polecat ( I. libyca ) Striped polecat ( I. striatus ) Lyncodon Patagonian weasel ( L. patagonicus ) Martes ( Martens ) American marten ( M. americana ) Yellow - throated marten ( M. flavigula ) Beech marten ( M. foina ) Nilgiri marten ( M. gwatkinsii ) European pine marten ( M. martes ) Japanese marten ( M. melampus ) Sable ( M. zibellina ) Pekania Fisher ( P. pennanti ) Meles Japanese badger ( M. anakuma ) Asian badger ( M. leucurus ) European badger ( M. meles ) Mellivora Honey badger ( M. capensis ) Melogale ( Ferret - badgers ) Bornean ferret - badger ( M. everetti ) Chinese ferret - badger ( M. moschata ) Javan ferret - badger ( M. orientalis ) Burmese ferret - badger ( M. personata ) Mustela ( Weasels and Ferrets ) Amazon weasel ( M. africana ) Mountain weasel ( M. altaica ) Stoat ( M. erminea ) Steppe polecat ( M. eversmannii ) Colombian weasel ( M. felipei ) Long - tailed weasel ( M. frenata ) Japanese weasel ( M. itatsi ) Yellow - bellied weasel ( M. kathiah ) European mink ( M. lutreola ) Indonesian mountain weasel ( M. lutreolina ) Black - footed ferret ( M. nigripes ) Least weasel ( M. nivalis ) Malayan weasel ( M. nudipes ) European polecat ( M. putorius ) Siberian weasel ( M. sibirica ) Back - striped weasel ( M. strigidorsa ) Egyptian weasel ( M. subpalmata ) Neovison ( Minks ) American mink ( N. vison ) Poecilogale African striped weasel ( P. albinucha ) Taxidea American badger ( T. taxus ) Vormela Marbled polecat ( V. peregusna ) Biology portal Animals portal Mammals portal Southeast Asia portal Malaysia portal Indonesia portal Taxon identifiers Wd : Q144923 ADW : Helarctos_malayanus ARKive : helarctos - malayanus EoL : 328074 GBIF : 2433403 iNaturalist : 41655 IRMNG : 10789861 ITIS : 621847 IUCN : 9760 MSW : 14000943 NCBI : 9634 Species+ : 8151 LCCN : sh85130486 Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sun_bear&oldid=838890643 '' Categories : IUCN Red List vulnerable species Bears Fauna of Southeast Asia Carnivorans of Malaysia Extant Calabrian first appearances Mammals described in 1821 Hidden categories : CS1 maint : Uses authors parameter CS1 maint : Multiple names : authors list Articles with ' species ' microformats All articles with unsourced statements Articles with unsourced statements from January 2013 Articles with unsourced statements from February 2013 Wikipedia articles with LCCN identifiers Talk Contents About Wikipedia Wikimedia Commons Wikispecies Azərbaycanca تۆرکجه Bân - lâm - gú Български Brezhoneg Català Cebuano Čeština Dansk Deutsch Diné bizaad Dolnoserbski Eesti Español Esperanto Euskara فارسی Français Gaeilge 한국어 Հայերեն Hornjoserbsce Hrvatski Bahasa Indonesia Interlingua Italiano עברית ქართული Қазақша Kernowek Latviešu Lietuvių Magyar Македонски Bahasa Melayu မြန်မာဘာသာ Nāhuatl Nederlands 日本 語 Norsk پنجابی Polski Português Română Русский Simple English Slovenščina Српски / srpski Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски Basa Sunda Suomi Svenska ไทย Türkçe Удмурт Українська ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche Tiếng Việt Winaray 粵語 中文 53 more Edit links This page was last edited on 29 April 2018, at 23 : 11. 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Question: where do sun bears live in the world
Answer: tropical forest habitats of Southeast Asia