Mud dauber - wikipedia Mud dauber Mud dauber Black and yellow mud dauber Sceliphron caementarium Scientific classification Kingdom : Animalia Phylum : Arthropoda Class : Insecta Order : Hymenoptera Suborder : Apocrita Superfamily : Apoidea Families Some Sphecidae and Crabronidae Mud dauber ( or `` mud wasp '' ) is a name commonly applied to a number of wasps from either the family Sphecidae or Crabronidae that build their nests from mud. Mud daubers belong to different families and are variable in appearance. Most resemble long, slender wasps about 1 - inch ( 25 mm ) in length. The name refers to the nests that are made by the female wasps, which consist of mud molded into place by the wasp 's mandibles. Mud daubers are not normally aggressive, but can become belligerent when threatened. Stings are uncommon. Contents 1 Nests 2 Food 3 Characteristics 3.1 Sceliphron laetum 3.2 Sceliphron formosum 4 Airplane incidents 4.1 Florida Commuter Airlines 4.2 Birgenair Flight 301 4.3 Gulfstream N450KK 5 See also 6 References Nests New organ pipe mud dauber wasp nest showing different muds gathered at different places. The organ pipe mud dauber, one of many mud daubers in the family Crabronidae, builds nests in the shape of a cylindrical tube resembling an organ pipe or pan flute. Common sites include vertical or horizontal faces of walls, cliffs, bridges, overhangs and shelter caves or other structures. The nest of the black and yellow mud dauber is a simple, one - cell, urn - shaped nest that is attached to crevices, cracks and corners. Each nest contains one egg. Usually several nests are clumped together and covered in mud. The metallic - blue mud dauber, another sphecid, builds typically horizontal oval nests, but occasionally refurbishes the abandoned nests of other species and preys primarily on black widow spiders. Blue mud daubers sometimes appropriate old nests of black - and - yellow mud daubers. They carry water to them and recondition them for their own purposes. The two species commonly occupy the same barns, porches, or other nest sites. All three species may occupy the same sites year after year, creating large numbers of nests. Mud dauber nests can last many years in protected locations and are often used as nest sites by other kinds of wasps and bees, as well as other types of insects. One disadvantage to making nests is that most, if not all, of the nest - maker 's offspring are concentrated in one place, making them highly vulnerable to predation. Once a predator finds a nest, it can plunder it cell by cell. A variety of parasitic wasps, ranging from extremely tiny chalcidoid wasps to larger, bright green chrysidid wasps attack mud dauber nests. They pirate provisions and offspring as food for their own offspring. Food Like most other wasps, mud daubers are predators. The females not only build the nests, but also they hunt to provision them. However, pipe - organ mud dauber males have reportedly brought spiders to the nest, and they aid in nest guarding. Black and yellow mud daubers primarily prey on relatively small, colorful spiders, such as crab spiders ( and related groups ), orb weavers and some jumping spiders. They usually find them in and around vegetation. Blue mud daubers are the main predator of the black and brown widow spiders. Adults of both sexes frequently drink flower nectar, but they stock their nests with spiders, which serve as food for their offspring. Like connoisseurs, they prefer particular kinds of spiders, and particular sizes of spiders for their larders. Instead of stocking a nest cell with one or two large spiders, mud daubers cram as many as two dozen small spiders into a nest cell. They appear to know exactly what they are hunting for, and where to find it. To capture a spider, the wasp grabs it and stings it. The venom from the sting does not kill the spider, but paralyzes and preserves it so it can be transported and stored in the nest cell until consumed by the larva. A mud dauber usually lays its egg on the prey item and then seals it into the nest cell with a mud cap. It then builds another cell or nest. Missouri 's mud daubers generally have two generations per year. The young survive the winter inside the nest. Characteristics There are many species of mud dauber wasp. Here are some characteristics for mud daubers of the Sceliphron genus. Sceliphron laetum Face covered by dense golden hair ; no yellow integumental patch on lower face. Thorax dorsally with at least one yellow patch medially between wing - bases. Hind part of thorax with yellow patch just above insertion of abdominal petiole but lacking paired spots. Abdominal gaster yellow basally and apically. Sceliphron formosum Face with a covering of golden hair, sparse ventrally ; lower face with a yellow integumental patch medially. Thorax dorsally with a yellow patch between wing bases. Hind part of thorax with a yellow patch just above insertion of abdominal petiole and four other yellow spots. Abdominal gaster yellow basally and apically. Airplane incidents Florida Commuter Airlines On September 12, 1980, Florida Commuter Airlines flight 65 crashed en route to Freeport, Bahamas killing all 34 passengers and crew. The cause was determined to be due in part to a malfunctioning air speed indicator caused by mud dauber nests that were improperly cleared from the aircraft 's pitot tubes. Birgenair flight 301 On February 6, 1996, Birgenair Flight 301, a 757 jet flying from Puerto Plata in the Dominican Republic, crashed into the Atlantic Ocean. All 13 crew members and 176 passengers were killed. A key part of the accident was a blocked pitot tube, a component which measures outside air pressure through small tubes on the outside of the aircraft and displays this as the plane 's speed. Although the tubes were never recovered from the ocean floor, it was discovered that the plane had been sitting on the tarmac for almost 3 weeks with the pitot tubes not covered as they should have been. Investigators believe a black and yellow mud dauber got into the tube and built its cylindrical nest inside, causing faulty air speed readings that were a large part of the crash. Gulfstream N450KK On April 10, 2015, about 1845 eastern daylight time, a Gulfstream Aerospace G - IV, N450KK, was substantially damaged during a cabin over-pressurization event over the Caribbean Sea while en route to Fort Lauderdale, Florida ( FXE ). An initial examination of the fuselage revealed that the outflow valve safety port, located on the outer fuselage, was completely plugged with a foreign material resembling dried dirt from a mud dauber. See also Potter wasp Genus Sceliphron Tropical Hover Wasp Online guide to Eastern North American Sphecidae Includes information on all the mud daubers and their look alikes Asian mud - dauber in the Netherlands Texas Cooperative Extension. Mud Daubers References Wikimedia Commons has media related to Crabronidae. Wikimedia Commons has media related to Sphecidae. ^ Jump up to : Milne, Lorus ; Milne, Margery ( August 2003 ) ( Originally Published October 1st 1980 ). Field Guide to Insects & Spiders. New York : Alfred A Knopf, Inc. pp. 844 -- 845. ISBN 0 - 394 - 50763 - 0. Jump up ^ `` Species Chalybion californicum -- Blue Mud Wasp ''. BugGuide. Department of Entomology, Iowa State University. 10 June 2017. Retrieved 1 July 2017. ^ Jump up to : `` Slender mud - dauber wasps : genus Sceliphron - Western Australian Museum ''. Jump up ^ `` ERA15LA328 ''. www.ntsb.gov. Retrieved 2016 - 10 - 09. Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mud_dauber&oldid=799902144 '' Categories : Spheciformes Hidden categories : Articles with ' species ' microformats All articles with failed verification Articles with failed verification from August 2017 Commons category without a link on Wikidata Talk Contents About Wikipedia Tiếng Việt Edit links This page was last edited on 10 September 2017, at 14 : 13. Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution - ShareAlike License ; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. 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Question: what kind of bug makes a mud nest
Answer: wasps from either the family Sphecidae or Crabronidae that build their nests from mud