Table of Keyboard shortcuts - Wikipedia Table of Keyboard shortcuts For keyboard shortcuts in Wikipedia, see Wikipedia : Keyboard shortcuts. In computing, a keyboard shortcut is a sequence or combination of keystrokes on a computer keyboard which invokes commands in software. Most keyboard shortcuts require the user to press a single key or a sequence of keys one after the other. Other keyboard shortcuts require pressing and holding several keys simultaneously ( indicated in the tables below by this sign : + ). Keyboard shortcuts may depend on the keyboard layout... Contents 1 Comparison of keyboard shortcuts 1.1 General shortcuts 1.1. 1 Navigation 1.1. 2 Power management 1.1. 3 Screenshots 1.2 Text editing 1.2. 1 Text formatting 1.3 Browsers / Go menu 1.3. 1 Web browsers 1.3. 2 Tab management 1.4 Window management 1.5 User interface navigation ( widgets and controls ) 1.6 Command line shortcuts 1.7 Accessibility 1.8 References Comparison of Keyboard shortcuts ( Edit ) Main article : Keyboard shortcut Keyboard shortcuts are a common aspect of most modern operating systems and associated software applications. Their use is pervasive enough that some users consider them an important element of their routine interactions with a computer. Whether used as a matter of personal preference or for adaptive technology, the pervasiveness of common conventions means that a meaningful comparison of keyboard shortcuts can be made across various widely used operating systems. Cells with a yellow background in the tables below denote Apple 's `` sacred '' keybindings. General shortcuts ( Edit ) A note regarding KDE 's shortcuts is that they can be changed and the below list contains the defaults. Some of the combinations are not true for localized versions of operating systems. For example, in a non-English version of Windows, the Edit menu is not always bound to the E shortcut. Furthermore, many shortcuts ( such as Ctrl + Z, Alt + E, etc. ) are just common conventions and are not handled by the operating system. Whether such commands are implemented ( or not ) depends on how an actual application program ( such as an editor ) is written. Not all applications follow ( all of ) these conventions, so if it does n't work, it is n't compatible. Action Windows macOS KDE / GNOME Emacs Vim Chrome OS File menu Alt + F, or F10 then F Ctrl + F2, then F Alt + F Meta + `, then f Alt + f ( gvim ) or Ctrl + e ( vim + NERDTree ) Ctrl + O Edit menu Alt + E Ctrl + F2, then E Alt + E Meta + `, then e Alt + e ( gvim ) View menu Alt + V Ctrl + F2, then V Alt + V Undo the last operation Ctrl + Z, or Alt + Backspace ⌘ Cmd + Z Ctrl + Z Ctrl + x, then u or Ctrl + / or Ctrl + _ or Undo u Ctrl+ + Redo the last operation Ctrl + Y, or Shift + Alt + Backspace ⇧ Shift + ⌘ Cmd + Z ⇧ Shift + Ctrl + Z, or Ctrl + Y Same as undo, when undo is exhausted, it redoes. Move the cursor after one or more undos, and further undos will be redos. Ctrl + r Ctrl + ⇧ Shift + Z Cut the selection and store it in the clipboard Ctrl + X, or ⇧ Shift + Del ⌘ Cmd + X Ctrl + X Ctrl + w x or `` ax to cut in register `` a '' or `` + x to cut in system clipboard Ctrl + X Copy the selection into the clipboard Ctrl + C, or Ctrl + Ins ⌘ Cmd + C Ctrl + C Meta + w, or Ctrl + Ins y or `` ay or `` + y Ctrl + C Paste contents of clipboard at cursor Ctrl + V, or ⇧ Shift + Ins ⌘ Cmd + V Ctrl + V Ctrl + y, or ⇧ Shift + Ins p or `` ap to paste the content of the `` a '' register or `` + p to paste the content of the system clipboard Ctrl + V Paste special Ctrl + V Shift + Opt + Cmd + V Ctrl + ⇧ Shift + V Meta + y Ctrl + ⇧ Shift + V Select all in focused control or window Ctrl + A ⌘ Cmd + A Ctrl + A Ctrl + x, then h ggVG, unlikely ever needed as most command take an optional range parameter. % means `` all in focused windows '' here so e.g. to copy all the text, use : % y Ctrl + A Cycle through installed keyboard languages / input methods ⇧ Shift + Alt, or ⊞ Win + Space The latter displays a menu with the currently selected input method highlighted, and debuted in Windows 8. Cmd + Space ( not MBR ) Configure desired keypress in Keyboard and Mouse Preferences, Keyboard Shortcuts, Select the next source in Input menu. Ctrl + Alt + K via KDE Keyboard ⇧ Shift + Alt in GNOME Ctrl + Ctrl + Space Navigation Action Windows macOS KDE / GNOME Chrome OS New browser window with same page as current Ctrl + N ( for both explorer. exe and iexplore. exe ) Ctrl + N New folder Ctrl + ⇧ Shift + N ⇧ Shift + ⌘ Cmd + N Ctrl + ⇧ Shift + N Applications menu ⊞ Win or Ctrl + Esc Ctrl + F2, then `` n '' Alt + < letter > e.g. for File Alt + F Search Lock desktop ⊞ Win + L Ctrl + ⌘ Cmd + Q ( macOS High Sierra and greater ) or Ctrl + ⇧ Shift + Eject or MBR Ctrl + ⇧ Shift + Pwr ( If `` Require password after sleep or screen saver '' is enabled in `` System Preferences -- Security & Privacy '' ) Ctrl + Alt + L Power ( Hold for 3 seconds ) Show desktop ⊞ Win + D F11 Ctrl + Alt + D Minimize all windows ⊞ Win + M, then use ⊞ Win + ⇧ Shift + M to bring back all windows Log out user ⇧ Shift + ⌘ Cmd + Q Ctrl + Alt + Delete Ctrl + ⇧ Shift + Q ( Twice ) Switch active user ⊞ Win + L Task manager Ctrl + ⇧ Shift + Esc, Ctrl + Alt + Delete ⌥ Opt + ⌘ Cmd + Esc Ctrl + Esc Search + Esc Rename object F2 ↵ Enter or F2 F2 Open file or program ↵ Enter or ⇧ Shift + ↵ Enter ⌘ Cmd + O or ⌘ Cmd + ↓ ↵ Enter Switch window ( next / previous ) Alt + Tab ↹ / ⇧ Shift + Alt + Tab ↹ ⌘ Cmd + Tab ↹ / ⇧ Shift + ⌘ Cmd + Tab ↹ Ctrl + Tab ↹ / Ctrl + ⇧ Shift + Tab ↹ Hold Alt, then quickly press Tab ↹ Switch window without dialog ( next / previous ) Alt + Esc / ⇧ Shift + Alt + Esc Only works within single Applications ⌘ Cmd + ` / ⌘ Cmd + ~ Ctrl + Esc / ⇧ Shift + Ctrl + Esc Run application ⊞ Win, enter executable name or ⊞ Win + R, enter executable name ⌘ Cmd + Space, enter executable name or ⌘ Cmd + ↓ Alt + F2, enter executable name Search ⊞ Win, enter executable name or ⊞ Win + F or F3 ⌘ Cmd + Space Search Show Hidden Files ⇧ Shift + ⌘ Cmd +., while in Finder, will toggle setting Power management Action Windows macOS KDE / GNOME Chrome OS Place computer into sleep / standby mode Windows 10 : ⊞ Win + x > u > s Windows 7 : ⊞ Win + → + → + ↵ Enter Sleep ( available on some keyboards ) ⌥ Opt + ⌘ Cmd + Eject Sleep ( available on some keyboards, configurable in Control Panel ➢ Power Options ➢ Advanced tab dialog box ) Windows task manager Ctrl + ⇧ Shift + Esc Shut down computer Windows 10 : ⊞ Win + x > u > u Ctrl + ⌥ Opt + ⌘ Cmd + Eject ( no confirmation, shutdown is immediate ) Ctrl + Alt + ⇧ Shift + PageDown ( KDE ; no confirmation, shutdown is immediate ) Power ( Hold for 10 seconds ) Restart computer Windows 10 : ⊞ Win + x > u > r Windows 7 : ⊞ Win + → + → + ↑ + ↵ Enter Ctrl + ⌘ Cmd + Eject ( no confirmation, restart is immediate ) Ctrl + Alt + ⇧ Shift + PageUp ( KDE ; no confirmation, restart is immediate ) Place display in sleep mode button on monitor Ctrl + ⇧ Shift + Eject Bring up power / sleep dialog box ⊞ Win + D + release then Alt + F4 Ctrl + Eject Force shutdown Power ( Hold for 5 seconds ) refresh + power Screenshots Action Windows macOS KDE / GNOME Save screenshot of entire screen as file ⊞ Win + Print Screen ⇧ Shift + ⌘ Cmd + 3 Print Screen set the name and click `` Save ''. GNOME Shell Copy screenshot of entire screen to clipboard ⊞ Win + Print Screen or Print Screen Ctrl + ⇧ Shift + ⌘ Cmd + 3 Copy screenshot of active window to clipboard Alt + Print Screen Save screenshot of window as file ⇧ Shift + ⌘ Cmd + 4 then Space then move mouse and click Alt + Print Screen set the name and click `` Save ''. GNOME Save screenshot of arbitrary area as file ⇧ Shift + ⌘ Cmd + 4 then click + drag mouse over required area ⇧ Shift + Print Screen set the name and click `` Save ''. GNOME Copy screenshot of window to clipboard Ctrl + ⇧ Shift + ⌘ Cmd + 4 then Space then move mouse and click Alt + Print Screen click `` Copy to Clipboard ''. GNOME Copy screenshot of arbitrary area to clipboard Windows 10 : ⊞ Win + ⇧ Shift + S Ctrl + ⇧ Shift + ⌘ Cmd + 4 then click + drag mouse over required area ⇧ Shift + Print Screen click `` Copy to Clipboard ''. GNOME Screencasting Ctrl + ⇧ Shift + Alt + R Text editing ( Edit ) Many of these commands may be combined with ⇧ Shift to select a region of text. Action Windows macOS KDE / GNOME Emacs Vim Chrome OS Delete char to the right of cursor Del or Fn + ← Backspace Del or Fn + ← Backspace Del Ctrl + d x Alt + ← Backspace or Del Delete word to the right of cursor Ctrl + Del ⌥ Opt + Del or ⌥ Opt + Fn + ← Backspace Ctrl + Del Meta + d dw ( delete space too ) or de ( keep space ) Delete word to the left of cursor Ctrl + ← Backspace ⌥ Opt + ← Backspace Ctrl + ← Backspace Ctrl + ← Backspace or Meta + ← Backspace dge ( delete space too ) or db ( keep space ) ← Backspace Go to start of line Home or Fn + ← ⌘ Cmd + ← or Ctrl + A Home Ctrl + a or Home ( go to first non-space ) or 0 ( go to column 0 ) Go to end of line End or Fn + → ⌘ Cmd + → or Ctrl + E End Ctrl + e or End $ Go to start of document Ctrl + Home ⌘ Cmd + ↑ Ctrl + Home Meta + < or Ctrl + Home gg Ctrl + search + ← Go to end of document Ctrl + End ⌘ Cmd + ↓ Ctrl + End Meta + > or Ctrl + End Ctrl + search + → Go to previous word Ctrl + ← or Ctrl + / ⌥ Opt + ← Ctrl + ← Meta + b or Ctrl + ← or Meta + ← b or ge Go to next word Ctrl + → ⌥ Opt + → Ctrl + → Meta + f or Ctrl + → or Meta + → w or e Go to previous line ↑ ↑ or Ctrl + p ↑ Ctrl + p or ↑ k or ↑ k or ↑ Go to next line ↓ ↓ or Ctrl + n ↓ Ctrl + n or ↓ j or ↓ Go to previous line break ( paragraph ) Ctrl + ↑ ⌥ Opt + ↑ Ctrl + ↑ ( kword or GNOME ) Meta + ( or Control + ↑ ( Go to next line break Ctrl + ↓ ⌥ Opt + ↓ Ctrl + ↓ ( kword or GNOME ) Meta + ) or Control + ↓ ) Move the cursor down the length of the viewport Page Down ⌥ Opt + ⇟ or ⌥ Opt + Fn + ↓ Page Down Ctrl + v or Page Down Ctrl + f or Page Down Move the cursor up the length of the viewport Page Up ⌥ Opt + ⇞ or ⌥ Opt + Fn + ↑ Page Up Meta + v or Page Up Ctrl + b or Page Up Find Ctrl + F ⌘ Cmd + F ⌘ Cmd + E ( Search with current selection ) Ctrl + F Ctrl + K ( GNOME ; interactive search ) Ctrl + s / Ctrl + F Go to next search result F3 ⌘ Cmd + G Ctrl + G ( GNOME ) or F3 ( KDE ) Ctrl + s n Go to previous search result ⇧ Shift + F3 ⇧ Shift + ⌘ Cmd + G ⇧ Shift + Ctrl + G ( GNOME ) or ⇧ Shift + F3 ( KDE ) Ctrl + r Search and replace Ctrl + H ⌘ Cmd + F Ctrl + H ( GNOME ) or Ctrl + R ( KDE ) Meta + % % s / fosh / fish / gc Search with a regular expression Ctrl + Meta + s All searches use regular expressions. Search and replace with a regular expression Ctrl + Meta + % Text formatting ( Edit ) Action Windows macOS KDE / GNOME Emacs Vim Bold Ctrl + B ⌘ Cmd + B Ctrl + B Meta + o, then b Underline Ctrl + U ⌘ Cmd + U Ctrl + U Meta + o, then u Italic Ctrl + I ⌘ Cmd + I Ctrl + I Meta + o, then i Uppercase / Lowercase ⇧ Shift + F3 or Ctrl + ⇧ Shift + A ⌥ Opt + ⌘ Cmd + C ⇧ Shift + F3 Meta + u for upper, Meta + l for lower, Meta + c for capitalized. gU for upper, gu for lower, ~ to toggle. Superscript Ctrl + ⇧ Shift + = Ctrl + ⌘ Cmd + + ( some applications only ) Ctrl + ⇧ Shift + P Subscript Ctrl + = Ctrl + ⌘ Cmd + - ( some applications only ) Ctrl + ⇧ Shift + B Selected text larger / smaller Ctrl + ⇧ Shift + >, Ctrl + ⇧ Shift + < or Ctrl + (, Ctrl / core + ) ⌥ Opt + ⇧ Shift + > ⌥ Opt + ⇧ Shift + < Selected text Bullets or Numbered Items Ctrl + ⇧ Shift + L Insert Linebreak ⇧ Shift + ↵ Enter ⌥ Opt + ↵ Enter ⇧ Shift + ↵ Enter Browsers / go menu ( Edit ) Action Windows macOS KDE / GNOME Chrome OS Go to Address Bar Alt + D or Alt + C or F6 depending on language ⌘ Cmd + L or ⇧ Shift + ⌘ Cmd + G Ctrl + L or Alt + D or F6 Ctrl + L or Alt + D Go to the previous location in history Alt + ← or ← Backspace ⌘ Cmd + ( or ⌘ Cmd + ← Alt + ← ← Go to the next location in history Alt + → or ⇧ Shift + ← Backspace ( web browser only ) ⌘ Cmd + ) or ⌘ Cmd + → Alt + → → Go up one level in the navigation hierarchy Alt + ↑ ( Vista, 7 or 8 only ) or ← Backspace ( Windows Explorer ) ⌘ Cmd + ↑ Alt + ↑ Go to the starting page defined by the user or application Alt + Home ⌘ Cmd + Home Ctrl + Home ( KDE ) / Alt + Home ( GNOME ) Web browsers ( Edit ) Action Windows macOS KDE / GNOME Emacs - w3m Vimperator Chrome OS Bookmarks menu Ctrl + B ⌘ Cmd + B ( Firefox ) Alt + B : bmarks URL Shortcuts ( Adds www. +. com ) ↵ Enter ⌘ Cmd + ↵ Enter ( Firefox ) or Ctrl + ↵ Enter ( Chrome ) Ctrl + ↵ Enter URL Shortcuts ( Adds www. +. org ) Ctrl + ⇧ Shift + ↵ Enter ⇧ Shift + ⌘ Cmd + ↵ Enter ( Firefox ) Ctrl + ⇧ Shift + ↵ Enter URL Shortcuts ( Adds www. +. net ) ⇧ Shift + ↵ Enter ⇧ Shift + ↵ Enter ( Firefox ) ⇧ Shift + ↵ Enter Add bookmark for current page Ctrl + D ⌘ Cmd + D Ctrl + B / Ctrl + D : bmark Ctrl + D Add bookmark for current link Meta + a Manage bookmarks Ctrl + B ⌘ Cmd + ⌥ Opt + B ( Chrome / Safari ) or ⌘ Cmd + ⇧ Shift + B ( Firefox ) Ctrl + ⇧ Shift + R / Ctrl + B Focus and select Web search bar Ctrl + E ⌘ Cmd + E ( Opera ) or ⌘ Cmd + K ( Firefox ) or ⌥ Opt + ⌘ Cmd + F ( Safari ) Ctrl + k t ( open in a new tab ) or T ( open in current tab ) Ctrl + E or Ctrl + K Focus and select address bar Ctrl + L or F6 or Alt + D ⌘ Cmd + L Ctrl + L or Alt + D or F6 g O to alter URL, use y to copy it. Ctrl + L or Alt + D Refresh a webpage F5 or Ctrl + R ⌘ Cmd + R F5 or Ctrl + R r ⟲ or Ctrl + R Refresh a webpage ignoring cache Ctrl + F5 or Ctrl + ⇧ Shift + R ⌘ Cmd + ⇧ Shift + R Ctrl + ⇧ Shift + F5 or Ctrl + ⇧ Shift + R Ctrl + ⇧ Shift + R Open a new window Ctrl + N ⌘ Cmd + N ( Chrome ) Ctrl + N : winopen Ctrl + N Zoom Options ( zoom in / zoom out / zoom 100 % ) Ctrl + + / Ctrl + - / Ctrl + 0 ⌘ Cmd + + / ⌘ Cmd + - / ⌘ Cmd + 0 Ctrl + + / Ctrl + - / Ctrl + 0 zi / zo / zz ( text only ) or zI / zO / zZ ( text and images ) Tab management Action Windows macOS KDE / GNOME Emacs - w3m Vimperator Chrome OS New tab Ctrl + T ⌘ Cmd + T Ctrl + ⇧ Shift + N or Ctrl + ⇧ Shift + T or Ctrl + T Ctrl + c, then Ctrl + t Ctrl + T Close tab Ctrl + W ⌘ Cmd + W Ctrl + W Mozilla Firefox & Opera & Chrome & Arora & Epiphany & Midori Ctrl + F4 Mozilla Firefox & Opera & Chrome & Arora d Ctrl + W Close all tabs but the current one ⌘ Cmd + ⌥ Opt + T ( Safari ) Ctrl + c, then Meta + w Go to next tab Ctrl + Tab ↹ Ctrl + Tab ↹ or ⌘ Cmd + ⇧ Shift + → ( Safari ) Ctrl + PageDown or Ctrl + Tab ↹ or Ctrl +. Ctrl + c, then Ctrl + n gt Ctrl + Tab ↹ Go to previous tab Ctrl + ⇧ Shift + Tab ↹ ⇧ Shift + Ctrl + Tab ↹ or ⌘ Cmd + ⇧ Shift + ← ( Safari ) Ctrl + PageUp or Ctrl + ⇧ Shift + Tab ↹ or Ctrl +, Ctrl + c, then Ctrl + p gT Ctrl + ⇧ Shift + Tab ↹ Go to tab - n Ctrl + n ( Chrome, Firefox, Internet Explorer ) ⌘ Cmd + n ( Chrome ) Alt + n ( Chrome, Firefox ) or Ctrl + n ( Chrome ) First tab : g0 Last tab : g $ Ctrl + b Open a previously closed tab ⇧ Shift + T ⌘ Cmd + ⇧ Shift + T ( Firefox, Opera, Chrome ) Ctrl + ⇧ Shift + T ( Firefox, Opera, Chrome ) Ctrl + ⇧ Shift + T ( Firefox ) u Ctrl + ⇧ Shift + T Open a previously closed window Ctrl + ⇧ Shift + N ( Firefox ) Ctrl + ⇧ Shift + T Window management ( Edit ) Action Windows macOS KDE GNOME Emacs Close the current internet tab Ctrl + w ⌘ Cmd + F11 Force window mode ( Application requires functionality for set action ) Alt + ↵ Enter ⌥ Opt + Alt + ↵ Enter or ⌥ Option + Alt + F or ⌘ Cmd + F or ⌘ Cmd + ⌥ Option + F Pop up window menu Alt + Space Alt + F3 Alt + Space Meta + `, then b Close the focused window Alt + F4 or Alt + Space then C ⌘ Cmd + W Alt + F4 Alt + F4 Ctrl + x, then k Close all windows of current application ⌘ Cmd + ⌥ Opt + W Restore the focused window to its previous size Alt + Space then R Alt + F3 then X Alt + F5 Ctrl + x, then r, then j, then letter of the window state register. Move the focused window Alt + Space then M then Arrow Keys and ↵ Enter ( to save location ) Alt + Mouse / Alt + F3 then M then Arrow Keys Alt + Mouse / Alt + F7 then Arrow Keys Resize the focused window Alt + Space then S then Arrow Keys Alt + F3 then S then Arrow Keys Alt + F8 then Arrow Keys Ctrl + x, then ^ vertically Hide the focused window ⌘ Cmd + H Meta + x, then bury - buffer, then ↵ Enter Hide all except the focused window ⌘ Cmd + ⌥ Option + H Lower the focused window Alt + Esc Minimize the focused window Alt + Space then N, or ⊞ Win + ↓ ( Windows Vista Home Premium, Windows > = 7 ) ⌘ Cmd + M Alt + F3 then N Alt + F9 Meta + x, then bury - buffer, then ↵ Enter Maximize the focused window Alt + Space then X, or ⊞ Win + ↑ ( Windows 7, 8, 10 ) ⌘ Cmd + L Alt + F3 then X Alt + F10 Ctrl + x, then 1 Maximize horizontally Available, but no default Available, but no default Maximize vertically ⊞ Win + ⇧ Shift + ↑ ( Windows 7 and Windows 8 ) Available ( ' Zoom ' ), but no default Available, but no default Available, but no default Minimize all ⊞ Win + M or ⊞ Win + D ⌘ Cmd + Alt + M Available, but no default Ctrl + Alt + D Minimize all non focused windows ⊞ Win + Home ( Windows 7, 8.1, 10 ) Available, but no default Undo minimize all ⇧ Shift + ⊞ Win + M Available, but no default Ctrl + Alt + D Switch fullscreen / normal size F11 or ⊞ Win + ⇧ Shift + ↵ Enter ( UWP apps only ) ⌘ Cmd + ⇧ Shift + F F11 F11 Show the window in full screen mode, with no border, menubar, toolbar or statusbar Depends on application, system default : ⌘ Cmd + Ctrl + F Ctrl + ⇧ Shift + F Ctrl + F11 Rollup / down window Available, but no default Alt + F12 Show all open windows ⊞ Win + Tab ↹ F3 or F9 or Fn + F9 or Move mouse pointer to configured hot corner or active screen corner ⊞ Win works per desktop on Gnome 3 + Ctrl + x, then Ctrl + b Show all windows of current application ⊞ Win + Tab ↹ Ctrl + F3 or F10 or Move mouse pointer to configured hot corner or active screen corner Ctrl + ` Ctrl + x, then Ctrl + b Show all workspaces ⊞ Win + Tab ↹ ( only Windows 10 ) F8 or Move mouse pointer to configured hot corner or active screen corner ⊞ Win then mouse over the desktop bar on the right edge of the screen Move window to left / right / up / down workspace ⊞ Win + ← / → ( Windows 7 and Windows 8 ) Available, but no default Ctrl + Alt + ⇧ Shift + ← / → / ↑ / ↓ Move window between multiple monitors ⊞ Win + ⇧ Shift + ← / → ( Windows 7 and Windows 8 ) Move window to workspace n Available, but no default Switch to next / previous workspace list Available, but no default Go to workspace n Ctrl + n Ctrl + Fn Go to left / right / up / down workspace Ctrl + ← / Ctrl + → / Ctrl + ↑ / Ctrl + ↓ ( OS X 10.5 to 10.6 ), Ctrl + ← / Ctrl + → ( OS X 10.7 and later ) Available, but no default Ctrl + Alt + ← / → / ↑ / ↓ Quit application of current window Alt + F4 or Ctrl + F4 varies ⌘ Cmd + Q Ctrl + Alt + Esc q Close dialog Esc ( Laptop ) ⊞ Win + ↓ + F4 ( Desktop ) Esc Open / Focus ( preview ) pinned program on the taskbar ⊞ Win + ( # ) where `` # '' is the position of the program on the Windows Taskbar ( Windows 7 and Windows 8.1 ) Open new program window of pinned program in Quick Launch ⊞ Win + ( # ) where `` # '' is the position of the program on the Quick Launch toolbar ( Windows Vista, 7 and 8.1 ) ⌘ Cmd + A + ⇧ Shift Open new program window of the pinned program on the taskbar ( if program is already opened ) ⊞ Win + ⇧ Shift + ( # ) where `` # '' is the position of the program on the Windows Taskbar ( Windows 7 and Windows 8.1 ) Focus the first taskbar entry. Pressing again will cycle through them ⊞ Win + T, you can ← → back and forth. Hold ⇧ Shift to cycle backwards ( Windows 7 and Windows 8.1 ) Peek at the desktop ⊞ Win + Space ( Windows 7 only ) Fn + ⊞ Win ( Windows 8 and later ) ⌘ Cmd + F3 or F11 or Move mouse pointer to configured hot corner or active screen corner Bring gadgets to the front of the Z - order and cycle between gadgets ⊞ Win + G ( Windows Vista, 7 ) or ⊞ Win + Space ( Vista only, no cycling ) External display options ( mirror, extend desktop, etc. ) ⊞ Win + P ( Windows 7, Windows 8 and Windows 10 ) User interface navigation ( widgets and controls ) Action Windows macOS KDE GNOME Moves keyboard focus to next / previous control Tab ↹ / ⇧ Shift + Tab ↹ Tab ↹ / ⇧ Shift + Tab ↹ Tab ↹ / ⇧ Shift + Tab ↹ Tab ↹ / ⇧ Shift + Tab ↹ Ctrl + Tab ↹ / ⇧ Shift + Ctrl + Tab ↹ Pop up tooltip for currently focused control ⇧ Shift + F1 Ctrl + F1 Show context - sensitive help for currently focused window or control ⇧ Shift + F1 ⌘ Cmd + ? ⇧ Shift + F1 ⇧ Shift + F1 Give focus to next / previous pane Ctrl + F6 / Alt + F6 ⌘ Cmd + ` F6 / ⇧ Shift + F6 Give focus to splitter bar in paned window F8 Give focus to window 's menu bar F10 or Alt ⌘ Cmd + ⇧ Shift + /, then type command name, or Ctrl + F2 ( or Fn + Ctrl + F2 on some keyboards ) Alt F10 Pop up contextual menu for currently selected objects ( aka context menu ) ⇧ Shift + F10 or ≣ Menu Varies with laptop / extended keyboard type ; enable Mouse keys in Universal Access, then Fn + Ctrl + 5 or Ctrl + 5 ( numeric keypad ) or Function + Ctrl + I ( laptop ) ≣ Menu ≣ Menu or ⇧ Shift + F10 Toggle selected state of focused checkbox, radio button, or toggle button Space Space Space Space Activate focused button, menu item etc. ↵ Enter Space ( also ↵ Enter for menu items ) ↵ Enter ↵ Enter Expand a drop - down list F4 or Alt + ↓ Select / move to first / last item in selected widget Home / End Home / End Scroll selected view by one page up / left / down / right ⇞ / ⇟ ( or Fn + ↑ / Fn + ↓ on some keyboards ) PageUp / Ctrl + PageUp / PageDown / Ctrl + PageDown Scroll selected view to top / bottom ↖ or on MacBook Pro Fn + ⌥ Opt + ↖ ↘ or on MacBook Pro Fn + ⌥ Opt + ↘ Switch focus to the next / previous tab within a window Ctrl + Tab ↹ Ctrl + Tab ↹ / ⌘ Cmd + ` Ctrl + Tab ↹ - > Ctrl + ⇧ Shift + Tab ↹ < - Switch focus to the next / previous panel on the desktop Ctrl + Alt + Tab ↹ / ⇧ Shift + Ctrl + Alt + Tab ↹ Switch focus to the next / previous panel ( without dialog ) Ctrl + Alt + Esc / ⇧ Shift + Ctrl + Alt + Esc Command line shortcuts ( Edit ) Below is a list of common keyboard shortcuts that are used in a command line environment. Action Microsoft Windows ( cmd. exe ) Microsoft Windows ( Windows PowerShell ) Unix & - like, including macOS ( bash ) Unix & - like ( POSIX shell ) Scroll through History of typed commands ↑ / ↓ ↑ / ↓ ↑ / ↓ or Ctrl + P / Ctrl + N ESC K / ESC J Signal end - of - file Ctrl + Z Ctrl + D Abort current command / typing Ctrl + C Ctrl + C Ctrl + C Ctrl + C Erase word to the left Ctrl + ← Backspace Ctrl + W or Esc + ← Backspace Erase word to the right Ctrl + Delete Alt + D Erase line to the left Ctrl + Home Ctrl + Home Ctrl + U Erase line to the right Ctrl + End Ctrl + End Ctrl + K Yank / paste previously erased string Ctrl + Y Move one word to the left ( backward ) Ctrl + ← Alt + ← Alt + B Move one word to the right ( forward ) Ctrl + → Alt + → Alt + F Move to beginning of line Home Home Ctrl + A or Home Move to end of line End End Ctrl + E or End Reverse search of history F8 F8 Ctrl + R Stop execution of the current job Ctrl + Z Insert the next character typed verbatim Ctrl + V Autocomplete command / file name Tab ↹ ( enabled by default in Windows XP and later ) Tab ↹ Tab ↹ ( usually once ) Esc ( usually twice ) Paste contents of clipboard at cursor Alt + Space then E then P ⇧ Shift + Ins Scroll window up ⇧ Shift + PageUp ( may not work in some versions of Windows XP ) ⇧ Shift + PageUp Scroll window down ⇧ Shift + PageDown ( may not work in some versions of Windows XP ) ⇧ Shift + PageDown Clear screen Ctrl + L Accessibility ( Edit ) In Windows, it is possible to disable these shortcuts using the Accessibility or Ease of Access control panel. In GNOME, these shortcuts are possible, if Universal Access is enabled on the system. Action Windows macOS KDE GNOME Utility Manager ⊞ Win + U Use keyboard to control cursor Left Alt + Left Shift + Numlock Allow user to press shortcuts one key at a time ⇧ Shift press 5 times * * * ⇧ Shift 5 times Hear beep when - lock key pressed Numlock hold 5 seconds Stop / slow repeating characters when key is pressed Right Shift hold 8 seconds * * * ⇧ Shift hold for 8 seconds Inverse ( Reverse Colors ) Mode Left Alt + Left Shift + PrtScn ⌘ Cmd + ⌥ Opt + Ctrl + 8 Meta + ⇧ Shift + i ( if enabled ) Inverse ( Reverse Colors ) Mode ( Only current window ) Meta + ⇧ Shift + u ( if enabled ) Greyscale Mode Ctrl + Win + C References ( Edit ) ^ Jump up to : Highlighted shortcuts are from the list of `` sacred '' keybindings. ^ Jump up to : Requires full keyboard access active :  > System Preferences > Keyboard > Keyboard Shortcuts > Full Keyboard Access > All Controls Alternatively use Ctrl + F7 to toggle this setting. Jump up ^ `` Mac 101 : Set your preferences ''. Article : HT2490. Apple Inc. 2010 - 10 - 22. Retrieved 2010 - 11 - 03. Jump up ^ Singh, Swapnil ( 2012 - 02 - 08 ). `` 10 Cool Windows Shortcuts You Need to Know ''. Tricktactoe.com. Retrieved 2012 - 09 - 20. Jump up ^ Tate, Jody ( 2017 - 09 - 27 ). `` High Sierra 10.13 : Keychain Access Menubar Item Missing ? ''. stackexchange.com. Retrieved 2018 - 01 - 22. Jump up ^ Takes you to the `` Switch User '' screen when Fast User Switching has been enabled ( enabled by default in XP ). Jump up ^ Shows task manager in Windows XP if the welcome screen is enabled. Otherwise displays an NT - style menu, with the option of launching the task manager ; likewise for Vista. ^ Jump up to : On Mac OS, OS X, and macOS, the key commonly called ↵ Enter is properly called ↩ Return, while ⌅ Enter is a separate key normally located on the numeric keypad or invoked as ⌥ Opt + ↩ Return ( mainly on keyboards without a numeric keypad ). Jump up ^ `` Mac OS X keyboard shortcuts ''. Article : HT1343. Apple Inc. 2010 - 10 - 29. Retrieved 2010 - 11 - 03. Jump up ^ `` How to take a screenshot on your Mac '' - Based on Apple website support.apple.com/en-us/HT201361 ^ Jump up to : `` Taking Screenshots ''. User Guide 2.32. The GNOME Project. Archived from the original on 9 June 2012. Retrieved 24 March 2012. Jump up ^ `` Screencast Recording ''. GNOME Cheat Sheet. The GNOME Project. Retrieved 20 April 2016. Jump up ^ `` Screen Shot Record ''. GNOME Help Guide. The GNOME Project. Retrieved 24 March 2012. Jump up ^ For the concept of `` selected text '' see also X Window selection ^ Jump up to : `` HIG / Keyboard Shortcuts ''. KDE Techbase. KDE. 2009 - 06 - 03. Retrieved 2012 - 03 - 08. Jump up ^ In whole document ( % ), substitute ( s ) fosh by fish, do n't stop at one substitution per line ( g ) and ask for confirmation for each substitution ( c ). Jump up ^ `` Appendix A -- Keyboard Shortcuts ''. Libre Office Documentation. The Document Foundation. Retrieved 26 April 2012. ^ Jump up to : community.linuxmint.com. `` OpenOffice.org and LibreOffice Keyboard Shortcuts -- Linux Mint Community ''. Community.linuxmint.com. Retrieved 2012 - 09 - 20. Jump up ^ `` Browser Shortcuts ''. Mirus IT. Retrieved 17 July 2015. ^ Jump up to : `` Keyboard shortcuts -- Perform common Firefox tasks quickly Firefox Help ''. Support.mozilla.org. Retrieved 2012 - 09 - 20. ^ Jump up to : `` Opera Help : Keyboard Shortcuts ''. Help.opera.com. Retrieved 2012 - 09 - 20. ^ Jump up to : `` Linux keyboard shortcuts -- Google Chrome Help ''. Support.google.com. Retrieved 2012 - 09 - 20. ^ Jump up to : `` DefaultKeyboardShortcuts -- arora -- The Default Keyboard Shortcuts in Arora ( Non-Mac Keyboard ) - Cross Platform WebKit Browser -- Google Project Hosting ''. Code.google.com. 2010 - 06 - 19. Retrieved 2012 - 09 - 20. Jump up ^ `` Shortcuts ''. Library.gnome.org. Retrieved 2012 - 09 - 20. ^ Jump up to : `` Keyboard shortcuts -- Perform common Firefox tasks quickly Firefox Help ''. Support.mozilla.org. Retrieved 2012 - 09 - 20. Jump up ^ `` Opera Help : Keyboard Shortcuts ''. Help.opera.com. Retrieved 2012 - 09 - 20. ^ Jump up to : In Microsoft Windows, all shortcuts with Alt + Space followed by another key are language dependent. The Alt + Space combination opens the window menu, and the following key selects from the menu. As the menu labels ( and their underlined hotkeys ) vary with the Windows system language, the hotkeys are different for international versions of Microsoft Windows, and may change if users change their Windows system language preference. The given examples are valid for English user preferences / version of Windows. ^ Jump up to : `` Mac OS X 10.6 Help : Using a screen saver ''. Docs.info.apple.com. Retrieved 2011 - 01 - 03. ^ Jump up to : `` Mac OS X 10.4 Help : Setting a hot corner for Dashboard ''. Docs.info.apple.com. Retrieved 2011 - 01 - 03. Jump up ^ The WinSplit window manager application for Windows knows to emulate this behaviour. Jump up ^ There is no single consistent shortcut for closing a document or quitting an application in Windows XP. In many multiple document interface applications, Ctrl + W or Ctrl + F4 closes a document and Alt + F4 quits. In other applications where each document is in its own window, such as later versions of Microsoft Word, Ctrl + W, Ctrl + F4, and Alt + F4 close a document, and there is no consistent shortcut for quitting an application. Jump up ^ macOS uses ⌘ Cmd + W Close ( window ), ⌘ Cmd + Q Quit ( application ), and ⌘ Cmd + ⌥ Opt + Esc Force Quit ( application ) ; ⌥ Option + F4 can be used to quit certain services or applications. Quit is closest to Kill. Jump up ^ `` Click and Move Mouse Pointer Using the Keypad ''. GNOME Library. GNOME Foundation. Retrieved 8 May 2012. Jump up ^ `` Turn on Sticky Keys ''. GNOME Library. GNOME Foundation. Retrieved 8 May 2012. Jump up ^ `` Turn On Slow Keys ''. GNOME Library. GNOME Foundation. Retrieved 8 May 2012. Jump up ^ `` Turn Off Repeated Key Presses ''. GNOME Library. GNOME Foundation. Retrieved 8 May 2012. Jump up ^ `` Turn On Bounce Keys ''. GNOME Library. GNOME Foundation. Retrieved 8 May 2012. Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Table_of_keyboard_shortcuts&oldid=842803189 '' Categories : User interface techniques Talk Search Navigation Contents About Wikipedia Español Français Magyar 日本 語 Português Tiếng Việt ייִדיש Edit links This page was last edited on 24 May 2018, at 19 : 21. Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution - ShareAlike License ; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia ® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization. About Wikipedia

Question: ctrl + z is the keyboard shortcut for
Answer: Undo the last operation