Bharat Mata ( Abanindranath ) - wikipedia Bharat Mata ( Abanindranath ) Bharat Mata Artist Abanindranath Tagore Year 1905 Type Watercolor painting Bharat Mata is a work painted by the Indian painter Abanindranath Tagore in 1905. The work depicts Bharat Mata, or Mother India, in the style of a Hindu Goddess. The painting was the first illustrated depiction of the concept, and was painted during with Swadesh ideals during the larger Indian Independence movement. Contents 1 Background 2 Subject 3 Themes and Composition 4 After completion 5 References Background Abanindranath Tagore was born in August 7, 1871 to Gunendranath Tagore. A nephew of the Indian poet and artist Rabindranath Tagore, Abanindranath was exposed at an early age to the artistic inclinations of the Tagore family. Tagore had been exposed to learning art when he first studied at the Sanskrit College in Kolkata in the 1880s. In his early years, Tagore had painted in the European naturalistic style, evident from his early paintings such as The Armoury. In about 1886 or 1887, Tagore 's relative Gyanadanandini Devi had set up a meeting between Tagore and E.B Havell, who was the curator of the Government school of Art in Calcutta. The meeting resulted in a series of exchanges between Havell and Tagore, with Havell gaining a native art collaborator with ideas in the same direction of his own, and Tagore gaining a teacher who would teach him about the ' science ' of Indian art history. Havell attempted to induct Tagore as the Vice Principal of the art school, which was faced with heavy opposition in the school. Havell had to bend much of the school rules to do this, and tolerated many of Tagore 's habits including the smoking of hookah in the classrooms and refusing to stick to time schedules. Havell introduced innovations to his teaching program in an attempt to more accurately reproduce Indian art pedagogy, and replaced European copies of art with Indian originals. The English art curator had also reportedly spent many hours behind closed doors expalaining the details of `` Hindu art and scultpure '' to Tagore. One of these paintings, of a stork by a Mughal - era artist, had been shown to Tagore by Havell, causing the former to remark that he was unaware until then of the `` embarassment of riches '' that `` our art '' had contained. Subject Bharat Mata depicts a saffron clad woman, holding a book, sheaves of paddy, a piece of white cloth and a garland in her four hands. The painting holds historical significance as it is one of the earliest visualizations of Bharat Mata, or `` Mother India. '' Themes and composition The work was painted during the time of the swadeshi movmement. The movement began as a response to the Partition of Bengal ( 1905 ), when Lord Curzon split the largely Muslim eastern areas of Bengal from the largely Hindu western areas. Indian nationalists viewed this as a way for the British to increase the power of the `` Muslim peasantry of eastern Bengal '' at the expense of Bengali Hindus. In response, Indian nationalists participating in the swadeshi movement resisted the British by boycotting British goods and public institutions, instantiating meetings and processions, forming committees, and applying diplomatic pressure. The painting 's central figure holds multiple items associated with Indian culture and the economy of India in the early twentieth century, such as a book, sheaves of paddy, a piece of white cloth and a garland. Moreover, the painting 's central figure has four hands, evocative of Hindu imagery, which equates multiple hands with immense power. The painting has been characterized as `` an attempt of humanisation of ' Bharat Mata ' where the mother is seeking liberation through her sons, '' by Jayanta Sengupta, curator of the Indian Museum in Kolkata, India. After completion Since 1905, many iterations of the Bharat Mata have been made in paintings and other forms of art. However, the significance of Tagore 's original painting is still recognized. In 2016, Bharat Mata was put on display at the Victoria Memorial Hall in Kolkata, India. Sister Nivedita, the inspiration behind the Bengal School of Art, praised the painting by saying : `` From beginning to end, the picture is an appeal, in the Indian language, to the Indian heart. It is the first great masterpiece in a new style. I would reprint - it, if I could, by tens of thousands, and scatter it broadcast over the land, till there was not a peasant 's cottage, or a craftman 's hut, between Kedar Nath and Cape Comorin, that had not this presentment of Bharat - Mata somewhere on its walls. Over and over again, as one looks into its qualities, one is struck by the purity and delicacy of the personality portrayed. '' References Jump up ^ Freat Soviet Encyclopedia. 1980. p. 319. Jump up ^ Chaitanya, Krishna ( 1 January 1994 ). A history of Indian painting : the modern period. Abhinav Publications. p. 145. ISBN 978 - 81 - 7017 - 310 - 6. Retrieved 12 December 2011. Jump up ^ Chaitanya, Krishna ( 1 January 1994 ). A history of Indian painting : the modern period. Abhinav Publications. p. 145. ISBN 978 - 81 - 7017 - 310 - 6. Retrieved 12 December 2011. Jump up ^ Chattopadhayay, Suhrid. `` Evolution of a master ''. Frontline. Retrieved 11 February 2018. Jump up ^ Banerji, Debashish. The Alternate Nation of Abanindranath Tagore. Sage publications. p. 28. ISBN 978 - 81 - 321 - 0239 - 7. access - date = requires url = ( help ) Jump up ^ Banerji, Debashish. The Alternate Nation of Abanindranath Tagore. Sage publications. p. 28. ISBN 978 - 81 - 321 - 0239 - 7. access - date = requires url = ( help ) Jump up ^ Banerji, Debashish. The Alternate Nation of Abanindranath Tagore. Sage publications. p. 29. ISBN 978 - 81 - 321 - 0239 - 7. access - date = requires url = ( help ) Jump up ^ Jha, DN. `` Far from being eternal, Bharat Mata is only a little more than 100 years old ''. Scroll.in. Retrieved 2017 - 04 - 22. Jump up ^ Gordon Johnson, `` Partition, Agitation and Congress : Bengal 1904 To 1908, '' Modern Asian Studies, ( May 1973 ) 7 # 3, pp. 533 -- 538.8 Jump up ^ Dehejia, Author : Vidya. `` Hinduism and Hindu Art Essay Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History The Metropolitan Museum of Art ''. The Met 's Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History. Retrieved 2017 - 04 - 22. Jump up ^ Singh, Shiv Sahay. `` Abanindranath 's Bharat Mata on display ''. The Hindu. Retrieved 2017 - 04 - 22. Jump up ^ Singh, Shiv Sahay. `` Abanindranath 's iconic painting to be exhibited ''. The Hindu. Retrieved 2017 - 04 - 22. Jump up ^ Nivedita, Sister ; Atmaprana, Pravrajika ( 2018 - 06 - 11 ). The Complete Works of Sister Nivedita - Volume 3. Advaita Ashrama ( A publication branch of Ramakrishna Math, Belur Math ). ISBN 9788175058484. Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bharat_Mata_(Abanindranath)&oldid=853826997 '' Categories : Indian paintings 1905 paintings Hidden categories : Pages using citations with accessdate and no URL Use dmy dates from July 2013 Talk Contents About Wikipedia বাংলা हिन्दी Latviešu Edit links This page was last edited on 7 August 2018, at 05 : 34 ( UTC ). About Wikipedia

Question: who was the painter of this famous painting bharatmata
Answer: the Indian painter Abanindranath Tagore