Pharaoh - wikipedia Pharaoh For other uses, see Pharaoh ( disambiguation ). This article 's lead section does not adequately summarize key points of its contents. Please consider expanding the lead to provide an accessible overview of all important aspects of the article. Please discuss this issue on the article 's talk page. ( January 2015 ) Pharaoh of Egypt The Pschent combined the Red Crown of Lower Egypt and the White Crown of Upper Egypt. A typical depiction of a pharaoh. After Djoser of the Third Dynasty, pharaohs were usually depicted wearing the nemes headdress, a false beard, and an ornate kilt. Details Style Five - name titulary First monarch Narmer or Menes ( by tradition ) Last monarch Cleopatra and Caesarion Formation c. 3150 BC Abolition 30 BC Residence Varies by era Appointer Divine right pr - ʕ3 `` Great house '' in hieroglyphs nswt - bjt `` King of Upper and Lower Egypt '' in hieroglyphs Pharaoh ( / ˈfeɪ. roʊ /, / fɛr. oʊ / or / fær. oʊ / ; Coptic : ⲡⲣ̅ⲣⲟ Prro ) is the common title of the monarchs of ancient Egypt from the First Dynasty ( c. 3150 BCE ) until the annexation of Egypt by the Roman Empire in 30 BCE, although the actual term `` Pharaoh '' was not used contemporaneously for a ruler until circa 1200 BCE. In the early dynasty, ancient Egyptian kings used to have up to three titles, the Horus, the Nesu Bety, and the Nebty name. The Golden Horus and Nomen and prenomen titles were later added. In Egyptian society, religion was central to everyday life. One of the roles of the pharaoh was as an intermediary between the gods and the people. The pharaoh thus deputised for the gods ; his role was both as civil and religious administrator. He owned all of the land in Egypt, enacted laws, collected taxes, and defended Egypt from invaders as the commander - in - chief of the army. Religiously, the pharaoh officiated over religious ceremonies and chose the sites of new temples. He was responsible for maintaining Maat, or balance and justice, and part of this included going to war when necessary to defend the country or attacking others when it was believed that this would contribute to Maat, such as to obtain resources. During the early days prior to the unity of the lower and upper kingdoms of ancient Egypt, a Deshret, the red crown, was a representation the Kingdom of lower Egypt ; while the Hadjet, a white crown, was worn by the kings of the kingdom of upper Egypt. After the unification of both kingdoms into one united Egypt, the Pschent, the combination of both the red and white crowns was the official crown of kings. With time new headdresses were introduced during different dynasties like Khat, Nemes, Atef, Hemhem, and Kepresh. At times, it was depicted that a combination of these headdresses or crowns would be worn together. Contents 1 Etymology 2 Regalia 2.1 Scepters and staves 2.2 The Uraeus 3 Crowns and headdresses 3.1 Deshret 3.2 Hedjet 3.3 Pschent 3.4 Khat 3.5 Nemes 3.6 Atef 3.7 Hemhem 3.8 Khepresh 3.9 Physical evidence 4 Titles 4.1 Nesu Bity name 4.2 Horus name 4.3 Nebty name 4.4 Golden Horus 4.5 Nomen and prenomen 5 See also 6 Notes 7 References 8 Bibliography 9 External links Etymology The word pharaoh ultimately derives from the Egyptian compound pr - ʕ3 `` great house, '' written with the two biliteral hieroglyphs pr `` house '' and ʕ3 `` column '', here meaning `` great '' or `` high ''. It was used only in larger phrases such as smr pr - ʕ3 `` Courtier of the High House '', with specific reference to the buildings of the court or palace. From the twelfth dynasty onward, the word appears in a wish formula `` Great House, may it live, prosper, and be in health '', but again only with reference to the royal palace and not the person. During the reign of Thutmose III ( circa 1479 -- 1425 BCE ) in the New Kingdom, after the foreign rule of the Hyksos during the Second Intermediate Period, pharaoh became the form of address for a person who was king. The earliest instance where pr - ʕ3 is used specifically to address the ruler is in a letter to Amenhotep IV ( Akhenaten ), who reigned circa 1353 -- 1336 BCE, which is addressed to `` Pharaoh, all life, prosperity, and health ''. During the eighteenth dynasty ( 16th to 14th centuries BCE ) the title pharaoh was employed as a reverential designation of the ruler. About the late twenty - first dynasty ( 10th century BCE ), however, instead of being used alone as before, it began to be added to the other titles before the ruler 's name, and from the twenty - fifth dynasty ( eighth to seventh centuries BCE ) it was, at least in ordinary usage, the only epithet prefixed to the royal appellative. From the nineteenth dynasty onward pr - ʕ3 on its own was used as regularly as ḥm, `` Majesty ''. The term, therefore, evolved from a word specifically referring to a building to a respectful designation for the ruler, particularly by the twenty - second dynasty and twenty - third dynasty. For instance, the first dated appearance of the title pharaoh being attached to a ruler 's name occurs in Year 17 of Siamun on a fragment from the Karnak Priestly Annals. Here, an induction of an individual to the Amun priesthood is dated specifically to the reign of Pharaoh Siamun. This new practice was continued under his successor Psusennes II and the twenty - second dynasty kings. For instance, the Large Dakhla stela is specifically dated to Year 5 of king `` Pharaoh Shoshenk, beloved of Amun '', whom all Egyptologists concur was Shoshenq I -- the founder of the Twenty - second dynasty -- including Alan Gardiner in his original 1933 publication of this stela. Shoshenq I was the second successor of Siamun. Meanwhile, the old custom of referring to the sovereign simply as pr - ʕ3 continued in traditional Egyptian narratives. By this time, the Late Egyptian word is reconstructed to have been pronounced * ( par - ʕoʔ ) whence Herodotus derived the name of one of the Egyptian kings, Φερων. In the Old Testament of the Bible, the title also occurs as פרעה ( par'ōh ) ; from that, Septuagint φαραώ pharaō and then Late Latin pharaō, both - n stem nouns. The Qur'an likewise spells it فرعون fir'awn with `` n '' ( here, always referring to the one evil king in the Exodus story, by contrast to the good king Aziz in sura 12 's Joseph story ). Interestingly, the Arabic combines the original pharyngeal ayin sound from Egyptian, along with the - n ending from Greek. English at first spelt it `` Pharao '', but the King James Bible revived `` Pharaoh '' with `` h '' from the Hebrew. Meanwhile in Egypt itself, * ( par - ʕoʔ ) evolved into Sahidic Coptic ⲡⲣ̅ⲣⲟ prro and then rro ( by mistaking p - as the definite article prefix `` the '' from ancient Egyptian p3 ). Other notable epithets, nsw is translated to `` king '', ity for `` monarch or sovereign '', nb for `` lord ''. and heqa for `` ruler ''. Regalia Scepters and staves Beaded Scepter of Khasekhemwy ( Museum of Fine Arts in Boston ). Scepters and staves were a general sign of authority in ancient Egypt. One of the earliest royal scepters was discovered in the tomb of Khasekhemwy in Abydos. Kings were also known to carry a staff, and Pharaoh Anedjib is shown on stone vessels carrying a so - called mks - staff. The scepter with the longest history seems to be the heqa - scepter, sometimes described as the shepherd 's crook. The earliest examples of this piece of regalia dates to pre-dynastic times. A scepter was found in a tomb at Abydos that dates to the late Naqada period. Another scepter associated with the king is the was - scepter. This is a long staff mounted with an animal head. The earliest known depictions of the was - scepter date to the first dynasty. The was - scepter is shown in the hands of both kings and deities. The flail later was closely related to the heqa - scepter ( the crook and flail ), but in early representations the king was also depicted solely with the flail, as shown in a late pre-dynastic knife handle which is now in the Metropolitan museum, and on the Narmer Macehead. The Uraeus The earliest evidence known of the Uraeus -- a rearing cobra -- is from the reign of Den from the first dynasty. The cobra supposedly protected the pharaoh by spitting fire at its enemies. Crowns and headdresses Main article : Crowns of Egypt Narmer Palette Narmer wearing the white crown Narmer wearing the red crown Deshret The red crown of Lower Egypt, the Deshret crown, dates back to pre-dynastic times. A red crown has been found on a pottery shard from Naqada, and later, king Narmer is shown wearing the red crown on both the Narmer macehead and the Narmer palette. Hedjet The white crown of Upper Egypt, the Hedjet crown, was worn in the Predynastic Period by King Scorpion, and, later, by Narmer. Pschent This is the combination of the Deshret and Hedjet crowns into a double crown, called the Pschent crown. It is first documented in the middle of the first dynasty. The earliest depiction may date to the reign of Djet, and is otherwise surely attested during the reign of Den. Khat Den The khat headdress consists of a kind of `` kerchief '' whose end is tied similarly to a ponytail. The earliest depictions of the khat headdress comes from the reign of Den, but is not found again until the reign of Djoser. Nemes The Nemes headdress dates from the time of Djoser. It is the most common type of crown that has been depicted throughout Pharaonic Egypt. Any other type of crown, apart from the Khat headdress, has been commonly depicted on top of the Nemes. The statue from his Serdab in Saqqara shows the king wearing the nemes headdress. Statuette of Pepy I ( ca. 2338 - 2298 B.C.E. ) wearing a nemes headdress Brooklyn Museum Atef Osiris is shown to wear the Atef crown, which is an elaborate Hedjet with feathers and disks. Depictions of Pharaohs wearing the Atef crown originate from the Old Kingdom. Hemhem The Hemhem crown is usually depicted on top of Nemes, Pschent, or Deshret crowns. It is an ornate triple Atef with corkscrew sheep horns and usually two uraei. The usage ( depiction ) of this crown begins during the Early 18th dynasty of Egypt. Khepresh Also called the blue crown, the Khepresh crown has been depicted since the New Kingdom. Physical evidence Egyptologist Bob Brier has noted that despite their widespread depiction in royal portraits, no ancient Egyptian crown has ever been discovered. Tutankhamun 's tomb, discovered largely intact, did contain such regalia as his crook and flail, but no crown was found, however, among the funerary equipment. Diadems have been discovered. It is presumed that crowns would have been believed to have magical properties. Brier 's speculation is that crowns were religious or state items, so a dead pharaoh likely could not retain a crown as a personal possession. The crowns may have been passed along to the successor. Titles Main article : Ancient Egyptian royal titulary During the early dynastic period kings had three titles. The Horus name is the oldest and dates to the late pre-dynastic period. The Nesu Bity name was added during the first dynasty. The Nebty name was first introduced toward the end of the first dynasty. The Golden falcon ( bik - nbw ) name is not well understood. The prenomen and nomen were introduced later and are traditionally enclosed in a cartouche. By the Middle Kingdom, the official titulary of the ruler consisted of five names ; Horus, nebty, golden Horus, nomen, and prenomen for some rulers, only one or two of them may be known. Nesu bity name The Nesu Bity name, also known as Prenomen, was one of the new developments from the reign of Den. The name would follow the glyphs for the `` Sedge and the Bee ''. The title is usually translated as king of Upper and Lower Egypt. The nsw bity name may have been the birth name of the king. It was often the name by which kings were recorded in the later annals and king lists. Horus name The Horus name was adopted by the king, when taking the throne. The name was written within a square frame representing the palace, named a serekh. The earliest known example of a serekh dates to the reign of king Ka, before the first dynasty. The Horus name of several early kings expresses a relationship with Horus. Aha refers to `` Horus the fighter '', Djer refers to `` Horus the strong '', etc. Later kings express ideals of kingship in their Horus names. Khasekhemwy refers to `` Horus : the two powers are at peace '', while Nebra refers to `` Horus, Lord of the Sun ''. Nebty name The earliest example of a nebty name comes from the reign of king Aha from the first dynasty. The title links the king with the goddesses of Upper and Lower Egypt Nekhbet and Wadjet. The title is preceded by the vulture ( Nekhbet ) and the cobra ( Wadjet ) standing on a basket ( the neb sign ). Golden Horus The Golden Horus or Golden Falcon name was preceded by a falcon on a gold or nbw sign. The title may have represented the divine status of the king. The Horus associated with gold may be referring to the idea that the bodies of the deities were made of gold and the pyramids and obelisks are representations of ( golden ) sun - rays. The gold sign may also be a reference to Nubt, the city of Set. This would suggest that the iconography represents Horus conquering Set. Nomen and prenomen The prenomen and nomen were contained in a cartouche. The prenomen often followed the King of Upper and Lower Egypt ( nsw bity ) or Lord of the Two Lands ( nebtawy ) title. The prenomen often incorporated the name of Re. The nomen often followed the title Son of Re ( sa - ra ) or the title Lord of Appearances ( neb - kha ). Nomen and prenomen of Ramesses III See also Ancient Egypt portal Monarchy portal List of pharaohs Coronation of the pharaoh Great Royal Wife, the chief wife of a male pharaoh Egyptian chronology Pharaohs in the Bible Notes Jump up ^ The Bible refers to Egypt as the `` Land of Ham '' Jump up ^ nb. f means `` his lord '', the monarchs were introduced with (. f ) for his, (. k ) for your. References Jump up ^ Merriam - Webster 's Collegiate Dictionary, Eleventh Edition. Merriam - Webster, 2007. p. 928 ^ Jump up to : Dictionary Reference : pharaoh Jump up ^ Clayton, Peter A. Chronicle of the Pharaohs the Reign - by - reign Record of the Rulers and Dynasties of Ancient Egypt. London : Thames & Hudson, 2012. Print. Jump up ^ `` Pharaoh ''. AncientEgypt.co.uk. The British Museum. 1999. Retrieved 20 December 2017. Jump up ^ Mark, Joshua ( 2 September 2009 ). `` Pharaoh - Ancient History Encyclopedia ''. ancient.eu. Ancient History Encyclopedia Limited. Retrieved 20 December 2017. Jump up ^ A. Gardiner, Ancient Egyptian Grammar ( 3rd edn, 1957 ), 71 -- 76. Jump up ^ Redmount, Carol A. `` Bitter Lives : Israel in and out of Egypt. '' p. 89 -- 90. Michael D. Coogan, ed. The Oxford History of the Biblical World, Oxford University Press. 1998. Jump up ^ Hieratic Papyrus from Kahun and Gurob, F. LL. Griffith, 38, 17. Although see also R. Mond and O. Myers ( 1940 ), Temples of Armant, pl. 93, 5, for an instance possibly dating from the reign of Thutmose III. Jump up ^ `` pharaoh '' in Encyclopædia Britannica. Ultimate Reference Suite. Chicago : Encyclopædia Britannica, 2008. ^ Jump up to : Denise M. Doxey ( 1998 ). Egyptian Non-Royal Epithets in the Middle Kingdom : A Social and Historical Analysis. BRILL. p. 151. ISBN 9789004110779. Jump up ^ J-M. Kruchten, Les annales des pretres de Karnak ( OLA 32 ), 1989, pp. 474 -- 8. Jump up ^ Alan Gardiner, `` The Dakhleh Stela '', Journal of Egyptian Archaeology, Vol. 19, No. 1 / 2 ( May, 1933 ) pp. 193 -- 200. Jump up ^ Herodotus, Histories 2.111. 1. See Anne Burton ( 1972 ). Diodorus Siculus, Book 1 : A Commentary. Brill., commenting on ch. 59.1. Jump up ^ Elazar Ari Lipinski : Pesach - A holiday of questions. About the Haggadah - Commentary Zevach Pesach of Rabbi Isaak Abarbanel ( 1437 -- 1508 ). Explaining the meaning of the name Pharaoh. Published first in German in the official quarterly of the Organization of the Jewish Communities of Bavaria : Jüdisches Leben in Bayern. Mitteilungsblatt des Landesverbandes der Israelitischen Kultusgemeinden in Bayern. Pessach - Ausgabe = Nr. 109, 2009, ZDB - ID 2077457 - 6, S. 3 -- 4. Jump up ^ Walter C. Till : `` Koptische Grammatik. '' VEB Verläg Enzyklopädie, Leipzig, 1961. p. 62. ^ Jump up to : Wilkinson, Toby A.H. Early Dynastic Egypt. Routledge, 2001, p. 158. Jump up ^ Wilkinson, Toby A.H. Early Dynastic Egypt. Routledge, 2001, p. 159. ^ Jump up to : Wilkinson, Toby A.H. Early Dynastic Egypt. Routledge, 2001, p. 160. Jump up ^ Wilkinson, Toby A.H. Early Dynastic Egypt. Routledge, 2001, p. 161. Jump up ^ Wilkinson, Toby A.H. Early Dynastic Egypt. Routledge, 2001, p. 162. ^ Jump up to : Wilkinson, Toby A.H. Early Dynastic Egypt. Routledge, 2001 ISBN 978 - 0 - 415 - 26011 - 4 Jump up ^ Shaw, Garry J. The Pharaoh, Life at Court and on Campaign. Thames and Hudson, 2012, pp. 21, 77. Jump up ^ Bob Brier, The Murder of Tutankhamen, 1998, p. 95. ^ Jump up to : Dodson, Aidan and Hilton, Dyan. The Complete Royal Families of Ancient Egypt. Thames & Hudson. 2004. ISBN 0 - 500 - 05128 - 3 Jump up ^ Ian Shaw, The Oxford History of Ancient Egypt, Oxford University Press 2000, p. 477 Jump up ^ Toby A.H. Wilkinson, Early Dynastic Egypt, Routledge 1999, pp. 57f. Bibliography Shaw, Garry J. The Pharaoh, Life at Court and on Campaign, Thames and Hudson, 2012. Sir Alan Gardiner Egyptian Grammar : Being an Introduction to the Study of Hieroglyphs, Third Edition, Revised. London : Oxford University Press, 1964. Excursus A, pp. 71 -- 76. Jan Assmann, `` Der Mythos des Gottkönigs im Alten Ägypten, '' in Christine Schmitz und Anja Bettenworth ( hg. ), Menschen - Heros - Gott : Weltentwürfe und Lebensmodelle im Mythos der Vormoderne ( Stuttgart, Franz Steiner Verlag, 2009 ), pp. 11 -- 26. External links Find more aboutPharaohat Wikipedia 's sister projects Definitions from Wiktionary Media from Wikimedia Commons Textbooks from Wikibooks Digital Egypt for Universities 10 Influential Pharaohs Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Pharaohs. Ancient Egypt topics Outline Index Major topics Glossary of artifacts Agriculture Architecture ( Egyptian Revival architecture ) Art Astronomy Chronology Cities ( list ) Clothing Cuisine Dynasties Funerary practices Geography Great Royal Wives History Language Literature Mathematics Medicine Military Music Mythology People Pharaohs ( list ) Philosophy Religion Sites Technology Trade Writing Egyptology Egyptologists Museums Book Ancient Egypt portal WikiProject Commons Pharaohs Protodynastic to First Intermediate Period ( < 3150 -- 2040 BC ) Period Dynasty Pharaohs ( male female ) uncertain Protodynastic ( pre-3150 BC ) Lower Hsekiu Khayu Tiu Thesh Neheb Wazner Mekh Double Falcon Upper Scorpion I Crocodile Iry - Hor Ka Scorpion II Narmer / Menes Early Dynastic ( 3150 -- 2686 BC ) Narmer / Menes Hor - Aha Djer Djet Merneith Den Anedjib Semerkhet Qa'a Sneferka Horus Bird II Hotepsekhemwy Nebra / Raneb Nynetjer Ba Nubnefer Horus Sa Weneg - Nebty Wadjenes Senedj Seth - Peribsen Sekhemib - Perenmaat Neferkara I Neferkasokar Hudjefa I Khasekhemwy Old Kingdom ( 2686 -- 2181 BC ) III Nebka Djoser Sekhemkhet Sanakht Khaba Qahedjet Huni IV Snefru Khufu Djedefre Khafre Bikheris Menkaure Shepseskaf Thamphthis V Userkaf Sahure Neferirkare Kakai Neferefre Shepseskare Nyuserre Ini Menkauhor Kaiu Djedkare Isesi Unas VI Teti Userkare Pepi I Merenre Nemtyemsaf I Pepi II Merenre Nemtyemsaf II Netjerkare Siptah 1 Intermediate ( 2181 -- 2040 BC ) VIII Menkare Neferkare II Neferkare III Neby Djedkare Shemai Neferkare IV Khendu Merenhor Neferkamin Nikare Neferkare V Tereru Neferkahor Neferkare VI Pepiseneb Neferkamin Anu Qakare Iby Neferkaure Neferkauhor Neferirkare Wadjkare Khuiqer Khui IX Meryibre Khety Neferkare VII Nebkaure Khety Setut X Meryhathor Neferkare VIII Wahkare Khety Merykare Middle Kingdom and Second Intermediate Period ( 2040 -- 1550 BC ) Period Dynasty Pharaohs ( male female ) uncertain Middle Kingdom ( 2040 -- 1802 BC ) XI Mentuhotep I Intef I Intef II Intef III Mentuhotep II Mentuhotep III Mentuhotep IV Nubia Segerseni Qakare Ini Iyibkhentre XII Amenemhat I Senusret I Amenemhat II Senusret II Senusret III Amenemhat III Amenemhat IV Sobekneferu 2 Intermediate ( 1802 -- 1550 BC ) XIII Sekhemrekhutawy Sobekhotep Sonbef Nerikare Sekhemkare Amenemhat V Ameny Qemau Hotepibre Iufni Ameny Antef Amenemhet VI Semenkare Nebnuni Sehetepibre Sewadjkare Nedjemibre Khaankhre Sobekhotep Renseneb Hor Sekhemrekhutawy Khabaw Djedkheperew Sebkay Sedjefakare Wegaf Khendjer Imyremeshaw Sehetepkare Intef Seth Meribre Sobekhotep III Neferhotep I Sihathor Sobekhotep IV Merhotepre Sobekhotep Khahotepre Sobekhotep Wahibre Ibiau Merneferre Ay Merhotepre Ini Sankhenre Sewadjtu Mersekhemre Ined Sewadjkare Hori Merkawre Sobekhotep Mershepsesre Ini II Sewahenre Senebmiu Merkheperre Merkare Sewadjare Mentuhotep Seheqenre Sankhptahi XIV Yakbim Sekhaenre Ya'ammu Nubwoserre Qareh Khawoserre ' Ammu Ahotepre Maaibre Sheshi Nehesy Khakherewre Nebefawre Sehebre Merdjefare Sewadjkare III Nebdjefare Webenre Nebsenre Sekheperenre Djedkherewre Bebnum ' Apepi Nuya Wazad Sheneh Shenshek Khamure Yakareb Yaqub - Har XV Semqen ' Aper - ' Anati Sakir - Har Khyan Apepi Khamudi XVI Djehuti Sobekhotep VIII Neferhotep III Mentuhotepi Nebiryraw I Nebiriau II Semenre Bebiankh Sekhemre Shedwast Dedumose I Dedumose II Montuemsaf Merankhre Mentuhotep Senusret IV Pepi III Abydos Senebkay Wepwawetemsaf Pantjeny Snaaib XVII Rahotep Nebmaatre Sobekemsaf I Sobekemsaf II Sekhemre - Wepmaat Intef Nubkheperre Intef Sekhemre - Heruhirmaat Intef Senakhtenre Ahmose Seqenenre Tao Kamose New Kingdom and Third Intermediate Period ( 1550 -- 664 BC ) Period Dynasty Pharaohs ( male female ) uncertain New Kingdom ( 1550 -- 1070 BC ) XVIII Ahmose I Amenhotep I Thutmose I Thutmose II Thutmose III Hatshepsut Amenhotep II Thutmose IV Amenhotep III Akhenaten Smenkhkare Neferneferuaten Tutankhamun Ay Horemheb XIX Ramesses I Seti I Ramesses II Merneptah Amenmesses Seti II Siptah Twosret XX Setnakhte Ramesses III Ramesses IV Ramesses V Ramesses VI Ramesses VII Ramesses VIII Ramesses IX Ramesses X Ramesses XI 3 Intermediate ( 1069 -- 664 BC ) XXI Smendes Amenemnisu Psusennes I Amenemope Osorkon the Elder Siamun Psusennes II XXII Shoshenq I Osorkon I Shoshenq II Takelot I Osorkon II Shoshenq III Shoshenq IV Pami Shoshenq V Osorkon IV XXIII Harsiese A Takelot II Pedubast I Shoshenq VI Osorkon III Takelot III Rudamun Menkheperre Ini XXIV Tefnakht Bakenranef XXV Piye Shebitku Shabaka Taharqa Tanutamun Late Period and Hellenistic Period ( 664 -- 30 BC ) Period Dynasty Pharaohs ( male female ) uncertain Late ( 664 -- 332 BC ) XXVI Necho I Psamtik I Necho II Psamtik II Wahibre Ahmose II Psamtik III XXVII Cambyses II Petubastis III Darius I Xerxes Artaxerxes I Darius II XXVIII Amyrtaeus XXIX Nepherites I Hakor Psammuthes Nepherites II XXX Nectanebo I Teos Nectanebo II XXXI Artaxerxes III Khabash Arses Darius III Hellenistic ( 332 -- 30 BC ) Argead Alexander the Great Philip III Arrhidaeus Alexander IV Ptolemaic Ptolemy I Soter Ptolemy II Philadelphus Ptolemy III Euergetes Ptolemy IV Philopator Ptolemy V Epiphanes Ptolemy VI Philometor Ptolemy VII Neos Philopator Ptolemy VIII Euergetes Ptolemy IX Soter Ptolemy X Alexander I Ptolemy XI Alexander II Ptolemy XII Neos Dionysos Berenice IV Cleopatra Ptolemy XV Caesarion Dynastic genealogies 11 12 18 19 20 21 to 23 25 26 27 30 31 Ptolemaic List of pharaohs Ancient Egyptian titulary Royal titulary Great Royal Wife Khenemetneferhedjet Pharaoh Religious titulary Divine Adoratrice of Amun God 's Wife God 's Wife of Amun High Priests of Amun High Priest of Osiris High Priest of Ptah High Priest of Ra Lector priest Servant in the Place of Truth Two Ladies Courtly and administrative titulary Fan - bearer on the Right Side of the King Haty - a High steward Iry - pat Khekeret - nisut Nomarch Overseer of the treasuries Overseer of Upper Egypt Treasurer Viceroy of Kush Vizier Book Ancient Egypt portal Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pharaoh&oldid=827756596 '' Categories : Ancient Egyptian titles Heads of state Royal titles Noble titles Pharaohs Positions of authority Torah monarchs Torah people Titles of national or ethnic leadership Deified people Egyptian royal titles Hidden categories : Wikipedia introduction cleanup from January 2015 All pages needing cleanup Articles covered by WikiProject Wikify from January 2015 All articles covered by WikiProject Wikify Articles containing Coptic - language text Articles containing Ancient Egyptian - language text All articles with unsourced statements Articles with unsourced statements from October 2010 Talk Contents About Wikipedia Afrikaans Alemannisch Asturianu Azərbaycanca বাংলা Bân - lâm - gú Башҡортса Беларуская Беларуская ( тарашкевіца ) ‎ Български Bosanski Brezhoneg Català Cebuano Čeština Cymraeg Dansk Deutsch Eesti Ελληνικά Español Esperanto Euskara فارسی Français Frysk Gaeilge Gaelg Galego 𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺 한국어 Հայերեն हिन्दी Hrvatski Ido Bahasa Indonesia Íslenska Italiano עברית Basa Jawa ქართული Қазақша Kiswahili Kurdî Latina Latviešu Lietuvių Limburgs Lingála Magyar Македонски മലയാളം Malti मराठी مصرى Bahasa Melayu Mìng - 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Question: who was the first king of egypt to use the title pharaoh
Answer: Thutmose III