Satyendranath Tagore - wikipedia Satyendranath Tagore Satyendranath Tagore Native name সত্যেন্দ্রনাথ ঠাকুর ( 1842 - 06 - 01 ) 1 June 1842 Calcutta, Bengal, British India 9 January 1923 ( 1923 - 01 - 09 ) ( aged 80 ) Calcutta, Bengal, British India Nationality Indian Occupation Civil servant, social reformer Spouse ( s ) Jnanadanandini Devi Satyendranath Tagore ( / ʃəˈtɛndrənɑːt tæˈɡɔːr / ; Bengali : সত্যেন্দ্রনাথ ঠাকুর ; ( ʃɔt̪ɛnd̪ronat̪h ʈhakur ) ) ( 1st June, 1842 -- 9th January, 1923 ) was the first Indian to join the Indian Civil Service. He was an author, song composer, and linguist, and made a significant contribution towards the emancipation of women in Indian society during the British Raj. Contents 1 Formative years 2 Civil service 3 Women 's emancipation 4 Other activities 4.1 Patriotism 4.2 Brahmo Samaj 5 Socio - literary activities 6 Works 7 Children 8 References 9 External links Formative years The second son of Debendranath Tagore, elder brother of Rabindranath Tagore and grandson of Dwarkanath Tagore of the Jorasanko branch of the Tagore family of Calcutta ( now Kolkata ), he learnt Sanskrit and English at home. A student of Hindu School, he was part of the first batch of students to appear for the entrance examinations of the University of Calcutta in 1857. He was placed in the first division and was admitted to Presidency College. As was the custom of the day, he was married early in life to Jnanadanandini Devi in 1859. The same year, he and Keshub Chunder Sen accompanied his father on a visit to Ceylon ( now Sri Lanka ). Civil Service For a long time, only British officers were appointed to all covenanted posts. In 1832, the posts of munsif and sadar amin were created and opened to Indians. In 1833, the posts of deputy magistrate and deputy collector were created and opened to Indians. The ICS Act of 1861 established the Indian Civil Service. The Act of 1853 had already established the practice of recruiting covenanted civilians through competitive examinations. It was a daunting task to go to England and compete with the British for a position. However, his friend Monomohun Ghose offered encouragement and support, and both of them set sail for England in 1862 to prepare for and compete in the civil service examinations. Satyendranath was selected for the Indian Civil Service in June, 1863. He completed his probationary training and returned to India in November 1864. Monomohun Ghose did not succeed in the examination for the ICS but was called to the bar. Satyendranath was posted to Bombay presidency, which then covered western parts of present - day Maharashtra, Gujarat and Sindh. After initial posting of four months in Bombay ( now Mumbai ), he had his first active posting at Ahmedabad. With postings at numerous towns he travelled across the country. Because of his long stay away from home many in his family visited him and stayed with him for long periods. Amongst his regular visitors were his younger brothers Jyotirindranath Tagore ( 1849 -- 1925 ) and Rabindranath Tagore ( 1861 -- 1941 ), the Nobel Prize -- winning poet, and his sister Swarnakumari Devi. His posting outside Bengal helped him to learn several Indian languages. He translated Bal Gangadhar Tilak 's Geetarahasya and Tukaram 's Abhang poems into Bengali. Rabindranath Tagore had also translated some poems of Tukaram. Satyendranath took an active interest in the activities of the Brahmo Samaj wherever he was posted, as for example at Ahmedabad and Hyderabad, Sindh. While in the Maharashtra region he had close contacts with many of the leading reformers and Prarthana Samaj figures -- Mahadev Govind Ranade, Kashinath Trimbak Telang, Ramakrishna Gopal Bhandarkar and Narayan Ganesh Chandavarkar. Satyendranath Tagore, was a district judge in Karwar, Karnataka In 1882. He served in the ICS for about thirty years and retired as Judge of Satara in Maharashtra in 1897. Women 's emancipation Ram Mohan Roy found women of Bengal ' uneducated and illiterate, deprived of property rights, married before puberty, imprisoned in purdah, and murdered at widowhood by a barbaric custom of immolation known as sati. ' By the time Satyendranath was born sati had been banned ( in 1829 ), and the process of reformation had set in. The position of women in his society troubled him from a young age. He used to think that the purdah system in his family was ' not that of our own nation but a copy of Muslim practices '. His visit to England where he witnessed more freedom for women helped him understand the relatively poor position of women in Indian society. After his marriage, he found in Jnanadanandini Devi an ideal partner to fulfill his thinking. When he was thrilled to witness the progress of women in the advanced society in England, he wanted to take her to England to witness the same, but his father, Devendranath Tagore, stood in the way. Back in India, Satyendranath took Jnanadanandini Devi to Bombay, where she tried to live in the manner and style of the wives of the English officers of the ICS. When the couple returned to the ancestral home at Jorasanko for a holiday, they created a sensation in Calcutta society. They were invited to a party in the Government House ( now Raj Bhavan ). Breaking all traditional rules, Jnanadanandini Devi accompanied her husband to the party. There she was -- `` a lone Bengali woman in the midst of hundreds of English women. '' Prasanna Coomar Tagore of the Pathuriaghata branch of the family, who was present in the party, could not bear the sight of a wife of a family member in such an open place and left immediately `` in shame and anger ''. In 1877, he sent Jnanadanandini Devi to England with an English couple. She went with three children, a daring task in those days. They initially stayed with the family of Prasanna Coomar Tagore 's son Gnanendramohan Tagore, who had converted to Christianity and was the first Indian to qualify for the English bar. Later they shifted to Brighton and lived on their own there. Subsequently, Satyendranath accompanied Rabindranath Tagore in what was the latter 's first visit to England. All of them returned to India in 1880. It was not only with his wife, but also his sisters that he took the lead to change things. His sister Soudamini Devi wrote, ' The mocking we faced when we went out in the carriages is difficult to believe now. '' Thus were laid the foundations of freeing the upper and middle class women from the purdah. It was a major achievement of Satyendranath Tagore. Jnanadanandini Devi contributed in some unique ways also. As she had to go out in society, she developed a style of wearing the sari, which is broadly followed by Indian women today. She also introduced the use of proper undergarments. Jnanadanandini Devi took special interest in children 's matters and started the system of observing birthdays of children in the family, giving them gifts and celebrating the occasion. She started and edited a magazine named Balak for children in 1885. It was possibly the first magazine for children in the Bengali language. The magazine motivated Rabindranath to write for children. Many of the pieces included in his book Sishu were first published in Balak. The magazine was wound up after a year and merged with the family magazine Bharati. Other activities Patriotism The Tagore family were strong Indian patriots. In an age when it was de rigueur to imitate Western dress habits and to speak the English language in Indian high society, the Tagores kept Indian dress and chose to cultivate Bengali. While admiring the positive qualities he considered British society to possess, Satyendranath himself took the view it was necessary to reform and cultivate the Indian society which already existed. He was one of the people associated with the Hindu Mela, whose purpose was to awaken this sense of patriotism in the lives of ordinary Indians. When the first session was held in April 1867, he was away in western India. However, he was present in Calcutta for the second session in 1868. He composed the song mile sabe Bharat santan, ektan gaho gaan ( unite, India 's children, sing in unison ) for the occasion, which was hailed as the first national anthem of India. He wrote a number of other such patriotic songs. Brahmo Samaj Satyendranath had deep regard for his father Debendranath and the religion he had taken so much pain to develop. At a considerably young age, he and Monomohun Ghose accompanied Keshub Chunder Sen on his campaign to win over the younger generation at Krishnanagar College. In England, even when he was busy with other work, he found time to preach the ideals of Brahmo Samaj. Later, when he was posted in Ahmedabad, he sent a report about Brahmo Samaj to Max Müller. It was included in Müller 's biography, written by his wife. Socio - literary activities On retirement, he lived for some time in Park Street and then in Ballygunj in Calcutta. His house was a meeting place for his friends and relatives. Amongst those from outside the family who visited him regularly were Taraknath Palit, Monomohun Ghose, Satyendraprasanna Sinha, Umesh Bannerjee, Krishna Govinda Gupta, and Behari Lal Gupta, all important people of the age in Kolkata. His house on Park Street was the centre of a literary majlis ( gathering ). The deliberations were noted in a book which was not to be circulated outside the family and it was not printed. Among the subjects discussed were `` Bengali language and the Bengali character '', `` The elements of poetry '', `` Chivalry '', `` Love in women and in men ''. He was president of Vangiya Sahitya Parishad from 1900 -- 01, and presided over the 10th session of the Bengal provincial conference held at Natore in 1897. Works Sushila O Birsingha ( play, 1867 ), Bombay Chitra ( 1888 ), Nabaratnamala, Strisvadhinata, Bauddhadharma ( 1901 ), Amar Balyakatha O Bombay Prabas ( 1915 ), Bharatvarsiya Ingrej ( 1908 ), Raja Rammohan Roy. Children Main articles : Surendranath Tagore and Indira Devi Chaudhurani Both his children, Surendranath Tagore ( 1872 -- 1940 ) and Indira Devi Choudhurani ( 1873 -- 1960 ), were well - known figures. They had the experience of English life as children. Surendranath had great command over English and had translated Rabindranath 's Four Chapters into English. He had produced a condensed version of the main portion of Mahabharata in Bengali. In his time, he had links with militant revolutionary organisations fighting for Indian independence from the British, which were considered terrorists by the British establishment. Indira was a great French scholar and was an authority on music, particularly Rabindrasangeet. She was vice-chancellor of Viswa Bharati University. She was married to Pramatha Chowdhury, the noted Bengali author. References ^ Jump up to : Sengupta, Subodh Chandra and Bose, Anjali ( editors ), Sansad Bangali Charitabhidhan ( Biographical dictionary ) Vol I, 1976 / 1998, pp. 554 -- 5, Sahitya Sansad, ISBN 81 - 85626 - 65 - 0 ( in Bengali ). ^ Jump up to : Bandopadhyay, Hiranmay, Thakurbarir Katha, pp. 98 -- 104, Sishu Sahitya Sansad ( in Bengali ). Jump up ^ Sastri, Sivanath, History of the Brahmo Samaj, 1911 -- 12 / 1993, p. 80, Sadharan Brahmo Samaj. ^ Jump up to : Sengupta, Nitish, History of the Bengali - speaking People, p. 275, UBS Publishers ' Distributors Pvt. Ltd., ISBN 81 - 7476 - 355 - 4. Jump up ^ Sastri, Sivanath, Ramtanu Lahiri O Tatkalin Bangasamaj, 1903 / 2001, p. 86, New Age Publishers Pvt. Ltd ( in Bengali ). Jump up ^ Sastri, Sivanath, Ramtanu Lahiri O Tatkalin Bangasamaj, p. 73. Jump up ^ Devi Choudhurani, Indira, Smritisamput, Rabindrabhaban, Viswabharati, p. 187 ( in Bengali ). Jump up ^ TAGORE, Rabindranath. `` Tukram ''. Tukaram.com. Retrieved 2007 - 03 - 03. Jump up ^ Sastri, Sivanath, History of the Brahmo Samaj, pp. 468, 531. Jump up ^ Devi Choudhurani, Indira, p. 57. Jump up ^ Devi Choudhurani, Indira, pp. 1 -- 2. Jump up ^ Purdah was a system wherein women were not allowed to come out in the open in front of other men. It effectively meant that they had to live entirely inside the house all their lives. Jump up ^ Kopf, David, The Brahmo Samaj and the Shaping of the Modern Indian Mind, 1979, p. 15. Princeton University Press, ISBN 0 - 691 - 03125 - 8. Jump up ^ Bandopadhyay, Hiranmay, p. 219 Jump up ^ Kopf, David, p. 258. Jump up ^ Ghosh, Tapobrata, Literature and Literaray Life in Calcutta, in Calcutta, the Living City, Vol II, edited by Sukanta Chaudhuri, 1990 / 2005, p. 224, Oxford University Press, ISBN 0 - 19 - 563697 - X. ^ Jump up to : Mohanta, Sambaru Chandra ( 2012 ). `` Tagore, Satyendranath ''. In Islam, Sirajul ; Jamal, Ahmed A. Banglapedia : National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh ( Second ed. ). Asiatic Society of Bangladesh. Jump up ^ Deb, Chitra, Jorasanko and the Thakur Family, in Calcutta, the Living City, Vol I, edited by Sukanta Chaudhuri, p. 65, Oxford University Press, ISBN 0 - 19 - 563696 - 1. External links Works by or about Satyendranath Tagore at Internet Archive Works by Satyendranath Tagore at LibriVox ( public domain audiobooks ) Bengali renaissance People Sri Aurobindo Atul Prasad Sen Rajnarayan Basu Jagadish Chandra Bose Subhash Chandra Bose Satyendra Nath Bose Bethune Upendranath Brahmachari Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay Sarat Chandra Chattopadhyay Akshay Kumar Datta Henry Derozio Alexander Duff Michael Madhusudan Dutt Romesh Chunder Dutt Anil Kumar Gain Dwarkanath Ganguly Kadambini Ganguly Monomohun Ghose Ramgopal Ghosh Aghore Nath Gupta David Hare Kazi Nazrul Islam Eugène Lafont Ashutosh Mukherjee Harish Chandra Mukherjee Ramakrishna Paramahamsa Gour Govinda Ray Upendrakishore Ray Chowdhury Raja Ram Mohan Roy Meghnad Saha Akshay Chandra Sarkar Mahendralal Sarkar Brajendra Nath Seal Girish Chandra Sen Keshub Chandra Sen Haraprasad Shastri Debendranath Tagore Rabindranath Tagore Satyendranath Tagore Jnanadanandini Devi Sitanath Tattwabhushan Brahmabandhav Upadhyay Ram Chandra Vidyabagish Dwarkanath Vidyabhusan Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar Swami Vivekananda Paramahansa Yogananda Begum Rokeya Culture Adi Dharm Bengali literature Bengali poetry Bengali music Brahmo Samaj British Raj British Indian Association History of Bengal Nazrul geeti Rabindra Nritya Natya Rabindra Sangeet Sambad Prabhakar Socialism in Bengal Swadeshi Satyagraha Tattwabodhini Patrika Tagore family Bangiya Sahitya Parishad Young Bengal Institutions Anandamohan College Asiatic Society Banga Mahila Vidyalaya Bangabasi College Bethune College Bengal Engineering and Science University, Shibpur Calcutta Madrasah College Calcutta Medical College Fort William College General Assembly 's Institution Hindu Mahila Vidyalaya Hindu Theatre Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science Midnapore College National Council of Education, Bengal Oriental Seminary Presidency College Ripon College Sanskrit College Scottish Church College Serampore College St. Xavier 's College, Kolkata Vidyasagar College Visva - Bharati University University of Calcutta University of Dhaka Other renaissance and revolutionary movements Bhakti movement Gaudiya Vaishnavism Brahmoism Fakir - Sannyasi rebellion Indian independence movement Kalighat painting Jugantar movement Bengal School of Art Hindu -- German Conspiracy Kallol Gananatya Andolan Bratachari movement Bengali Little Magazine Movement Parallel cinema Indian Communism Naxalism Hungryalism Prakalpana Movement Tagore family 1st generation Darpanarayan Tagore Nilmoni Tagore Dwarkanath Tagore Gopi Mohan Tagore Hara Kumar Tagore Prasanna Kumar Tagore Ramanath Tagore 2nd generation Debendranath Tagore Gnanendramohan Tagore Jatindramohan Tagore Sourindra Mohun Tagore 3rd generation Dwijendranath Tagore Satyendranath Tagore Hemendranath Tagore Jyotirindranath Tagore Rabindranath Tagore Swarnakumari Devi Prodyot Coomar Tagore Ganendranath Tagore Jnanadanandini Devi Kadambari Devi 4th generation Abanindranath Tagore Gaganendranath Tagore Indira Devi Chaudhurani Lakshminath Bezbaroa Pragyasundari Devi Pramatha Chaudhuri Purnima Devi Sarala Devi Chaudhurani Surendranath Tagore 5th generation Dinendranath Tagore Saumyendranath Tagore Amiya Tagore Asit Kumar Haldar 6th generation Devika Rani Himanshu Rai Jitendra Prasada Krishna Roy 7th generation Sharmila Tagore Jitin Prasada Saranindranath Tagore 8th generation Saif Ali Khan Soha Ali Khan VIAF : 40805729 LCCN : n85102942 ISNI : 0000 0000 8443 9643 BIBSYS : 97025755 Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Satyendranath_Tagore&oldid=832857437 '' Categories : 1842 births 1923 deaths Hindu School, Kolkata alumni Presidency University, Kolkata alumni University of Calcutta alumni Bengali zamindars Bengali writers Brahmos Indian Civil Service ( British India ) officers People from Kolkata Vangiya Sahitya Parishad Tagore family People associated with the Bengal Renaissance Hidden categories : Articles with Bengali - language external links EngvarB from January 2016 Use dmy dates from January 2016 Articles with hCards No local image but image on Wikidata Articles containing Bengali - language text All articles with unsourced statements Articles with unsourced statements from July 2012 Articles with Internet Archive links Articles with LibriVox links Wikipedia articles with VIAF identifiers Wikipedia articles with LCCN identifiers Wikipedia articles with ISNI identifiers Wikipedia articles with BIBSYS identifiers Talk Contents About Wikipedia বাংলা Edit links This page was last edited on 28 March 2018, at 11 : 03. 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Question: who was the first ics officer in india
Answer: Satyendranath Tagore