Baguio - wikipedia Baguio This article is about the city. For other uses, see Baguio ( disambiguation ). This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. ( June 2018 ) Highly Urbanized City in Cordillera Administrative Region ( CAR ), Philippines Baguio Bag - iw Highly Urbanized City City of Baguio ( From top, left to right ) : Panagbenga Park ; Wright Park ; Baguio City Hall ; SM City Baguio ; Baguio Cathedral ; Session Road ; Burnham Park Lake Seal Nickname ( s ) : Summer Capital of the Philippines, City of Pines Map of Benguet with Baguio highlighted Baguio Location within the Philippines Baguio Baguio ( Philippines ) Show map of Luzon Show map of Philippines Show all Coordinates : 16 ° 25 ′ N 120 ° 36 ′ E ﻿ / ﻿ 16.42 ° N 120.6 ° E ﻿ / 16.42 ; 120.6 Coordinates : 16 ° 25 ′ N 120 ° 36 ′ E ﻿ / ﻿ 16.42 ° N 120.6 ° E ﻿ / 16.42 ; 120.6 Country Philippines Region Cordillera Administrative Region ( CAR ) Province Benguet ( geographically only ) Districts Lone district of Baguio City Founded 1900 Incorporated September 1, 1909 ( city ) Highly Urbanized City December 22, 1979 Barangays 129 Government Congressman Marquez Go ( LP ) Mayor Mauricio Domogan ( UNA ) Vice Mayor Edison Bilog ( LP ) Area Highly Urbanized City 57.51 km ( 22.20 sq mi ) Metro 1,094.79 km ( 422.70 sq mi ) Elevation 1,540 m ( 5,050 ft ) Population ( 2015 census ) Highly Urbanized City 345,366 Density 6,000 / km ( 16,000 / sq mi ) Metro 551,764 Metro density 500 / km ( 1,300 / sq mi ) Demonym ( s ) Cordillerans Time zone PST ( UTC + 8 ) ZIP code 2600 PSGC 141102000 IDD : area code + 63 ( 0 ) 74 Climate Cwb Income class 1st city income class Revenue ( ₱ ) 1,496,499,373.37 ( 2016 ) Languages Ibaloi Kankana - ey Ilocano Pangasinan Filipino English Website www.baguio.gov.ph Baguio, officially the City of Baguio ( Ibaloi : Ciudad ne Bag - iw ; Ilokano : Siudad ti Baguio ; Filipino : Lungsod ng Baguio ) and popularly referred to as Baguio City, is a mountain resort city located in Northern Luzon, Philippines. It is known as the Summer Capital of the Philippines, owing to its cool climate since the city is located approximately 1,540 meters ( 5,050 feet ) above sea level in the Luzon tropical pine forests ecoregion, which also makes it conducive for the growth of mossy plants and orchids. Baguio is classified as a Highly Urbanized City ( HUC ). It is geographically located within Benguet, serving as the provincial capital from 1901 to 1916, but has since been administered independently from the province following its conversion into a chartered city. The city is the center of business, commerce, and education in northern Luzon, as well as the regional center of the Cordillera Administrative Region. According to the 2015 census, Baguio has a population of 345,366. Baguio was established as a hill station by the Americans in 1900 at the site of an Ibaloi village known as Kafagway. It was the United States ' only hill station in Asia. The name of the city is derived from bag - iw, the Ibaloi word for `` moss ''. Contents 1 History 1.1 Pre-colonial period 1.2 Spanish colonial period 1.3 American colonial period 1.4 World War II 1.5 1990 earthquake 2 Geography 2.1 Barangays 2.2 Climate 2.2. 1 Precipitation 3 Demographics 3.1 Religion 4 Economy 4.1 Industrial 4.2 Outsourcing 5 Culture 6 Tourism 7 Local government 8 Sports 9 Transportation 9.1 Air 9.2 Land 10 Education 11 Notable people 12 Sister cities 12.1 Local 12.2 International 13 See also 14 References 15 External links History This section needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. ( March 2018 ) Pre-colonial period Baguio used to be a vast mountain zone with lush highland forests, teeming with various wildlife such as the indigenous deer, cloud rats, Philippine eagles, Philippine warty pigs, and numerous species of flora. The area was a hunting ground of the indigenous peoples, notably the Ibalois and other Igorot ethnic groups. During the 14th and 15th centuries, it was under the control of the Kingdom of Tondo until it returned to an indigenous plutocracy by the 16th century. When the Spanish arrived in the Philippines, the area was never fully subjugated by Spain due to the intensive defense tactics of the indigenous Igorots of the Cordilleras. Spanish colonial period During the period of Spanish rule in 1846, the Spaniards established a comandancia in the nearby town of La Trinidad, and organized Benguet into 31 rancherías, one of which was Kafagway, a wide grassy area where the present Burnham Park is situated. Most of the lands in Kafagway were owned by Ibalois prior to the appointment of Mateo Cariño as chieftain. The Spanish presidencia, which was located at Bag - iw at the vicinity of Guisad Valley was later moved to Cariño 's house where the current city hall stands. Bag - iw, a local term for `` moss '' once abundant in the area was spelled by the Spaniards as Baguio, which served as the name of the rancheria. During the Philippine Revolution in July 1899, Filipino revolutionary forces under Pedro Paterno liberated La Trinidad from the Spaniards and took over the government, proclaiming Benguet as a province of the new Philippine Republic. Baguio was converted into a `` town '', with Mateo Cariño being the presidente ( mayor ). American colonial period Summer offices of the Philippine Insular Government in Baguio in 1909 The tents and dormitories of Teachers Camp in Baguio, 1909, the summer retreat for American educators When the United States occupied the Philippines after the Spanish -- American War, Baguio was selected to become the summer capital of the Philippine Islands. Governor - General William Taft, on his first visit in 1901, noted the `` air as bracing as Adirondacks or Murray Bay... temperature this hottest month in the Philippines on my cottage porch at three in the afternoon sixty - eight. '' In 1903, Filipinos, Japanese and Chinese workers were hired to build Kennon Road, the first road directly connecting Baguio with the lowlands of Pangasinan. Before this, the only road to Benguet was Naguilian Road, and it was largely a horse trail at higher elevations. Camp John Hay was established on October 25, 1903 after President Theodore Roosevelt signed an executive order setting aside land in Benguet for a military reservation for the United States Army. It was named after Roosevelt 's Secretary of State, John Milton Hay. The Mansion, built in 1908, served as the official residence of the American Governor - General during the summer to escape Manila 's heat. The Mansion was designed by architect William E. Parsons based on preliminary plans by architect Daniel Burnham. Burnham, one of the earliest successful modern city planners, designed the mountain retreat following the tenets of the City Beautiful movement. In 1904, the rest of the city was planned out by Burnham. On 1 September 1909, Baguio was declared as a chartered city and nicknamed the `` Summer Capital of the Philippines ''. The period after saw further development of Baguio with the construction of Wright Park in honor of Governor - General Luke Edward Wright, Burnham Park in honor of Burnham, Governor Pack Road, and Session Road. World War II Main article : Battle of Baguio ( 1945 ) General Yamashita ( center, on the near side of the table ) at the surrender ceremony at Camp John Hay on 3 September 1945. Prior to World War II, Baguio was the summer capital of the Commonwealth of the Philippines, and the home of the Philippine Military Academy. Following the Japanese invasion of the Philippines in 1941, the Imperial Japanese Army used Camp John Hay, an American installation in Baguio, as a military base. The nearby Philippine Constabulary base, Camp Holmes, was used as an internment camp for about 500 civilian enemy aliens, mostly Americans, between April 1942 and December 1944. An office building along Session Road destroyed by artillery fire during the Battle of Baguio and not rebuilt as of 2018 By late March 1945, Baguio was within range of the American and Filipino military artillery. President José P. Laurel of the Second Philippine Republic, a puppet state established in 1943, departed the city on 22 March and reached Taiwan eight days later, on 30 March. The remainder of the Second Republic government, along with Japanese civilians, were ordered to evacuate Baguio on March 30. General Tomoyuki Yamashita and his staff then relocated to Bambang, Nueva Vizcaya. A major offensive to capture Baguio did not occur until mid-April, when the United States Army 's 37th Infantry Division, minus the 145th Infantry Regiment, was released from garrisoning Manila to launch a two - division assault into Baguio from the west and south. On 26 April 1945, Filipino troops of the 1st, 2nd, 12th, 13th, 15th and 16th Infantry Division of the Philippine Commonwealth Army, 1st Constabulary Regiment of the Philippine Constabulary and the USAFIP - NL 66th Infantry Regiment and the American troops of the 33rd and 37th Infantry Division of the United States Army entered Baguio and fought against Japanese Imperial Army forces led by General Yamashita, which started the Battle of Baguio. Baguio is the site of the formal surrender of General Yamashita and Vice Admiral Okochi at Camp John Hay 's American Residence in the presence of lieutenant generals Arthur Percival and Jonathan Wainwright. 1990 earthquake The 1990 Luzon earthquake ( M = 7.8 ) destroyed much of the city of Baguio on July 16, 1990. A significant number of buildings and infrastructure were damaged, including the Hyatt Terraces Plaza, Nevada Hotel, Baguio Park Hotel, FRB Hotel and Baguio Hilltop Hotel ; major highways were temporarily severed ; and a number of houses were leveled or severely shaken with a significant loss of life. Some of the fallen buildings were built on or near fault lines. Baguio was rebuilt with the aid from the national government and various international donors such as Japan, Singapore and other countries. Geography This section needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. ( March 2018 ) Panoramic view of Baguio Baguio is located some 1,540 meters ( 5,050 feet ) above sea level, nestled within the Cordillera Central mountain range in northern Luzon. The city is enclosed by the province of Benguet. It covers a small area of 57.5 square kilometres ( 22.2 sq mi ). Most of the developed part of the city is built on uneven, hilly terrain of the northern section. When Daniel Burnham drew plans for the city, he made the City Hall a reference point where the city limits extend 8.2 kilometres ( 5.1 mi ) from east to west and 7.2 kilometres ( 4.5 mi ) from north to south. Barangays Baguio is politically subdivided into 129 barangays. A. Bonifacio - Caguioa - Rimando ( ABCR ) Abanao - Zandueta - Kayong - Chugum - Otek ( AZKCO ) Alfonso Tabora Ambiong Andres Bonifacio ( Lower Bokawkan ) Apugan - Loakan Asin Road Atok Trail Aurora Hill Proper ( Malvar - Sgt. Floresca ) Aurora Hill, North Central Aurora Hill, South Central Bagong Lipunan ( Market Area ) Bakakeng Central Bakakeng North Bal - Marcoville ( Marcoville ) Balsigan Bayan Park East Bayan Park Village Bayan Park West ( Bayan Park ) BGH Compound Brookside Brookspoint Cabinet Hill - Teacher 's Camp Camdas Subdivision Camp 7 Camp 8 Camp Allen Campo Filipino City Camp Central City Camp Proper Country Club Village Cresencia Village Dagsian, Lower Dagsian, Upper Dizon Subdivision Dominican Hill - Mirador Dontogan DPS Compound Engineers ' Hill Fairview Village Ferdinand ( Happy Homes - Campo Sioco ) Fort del Pilar Gabriela Silang General Emilio F. Aguinaldo ( Quirino ‐ Magsaysay, Lower ) General Luna, Upper General Luna, Lower Gibraltar Greenwater Village Guisad Central Guisad Sorong Happy Hollow Happy Homes ( Happy Homes - Lucban ) Harrison - Claudio Carantes Hillside Holy Ghost Extension Holy Ghost Proper Honeymoon ( Honeymoon - Holy Ghost ) Imelda R. Marcos ( La Salle ) Imelda Village Irisan Kabayanihan Kagitingan Kayang Extension Kayang - Hilltop Kias Legarda - Burnham - Kisad Liwanag - Loakan Loakan Proper Lopez Jaena Lourdes Subdivision Extension Lourdes Subdivision, Lower Lourdes Subdivision, Proper Lualhati Lucnab Magsaysay Private Road Magsaysay, Lower Magsaysay, Upper Malcolm Square - Perfecto ( Jose Abad Santos ) Manuel A. Roxas Market Subdivision, Upper Middle Quezon Hill Subdivision ( Quezon Hill Middle ) Military Cut - off Mines View Park Modern Site, East Modern Site, West MRR - Queen of Peace New Lucban Outlook Drive Pacdal Padre Burgos Padre Zamora Palma - Urbano ( Cariño - Palma ) Phil - Am Pinget Pinsao Pilot Project Pinsao Proper Poliwes Pucsusan Quezon Hill Proper Quezon Hill, Upper Quirino Hill, East Quirino Hill, Lower Quirino Hill, Middle Quirino Hill, West Quirino - Magsaysay, Upper ( Upper QM ) Rizal Monument Area Rock Quarry, Lower Rock Quarry, Middle Rock Quarry, Upper Saint Joseph Village Salud Mitra San Antonio Village San Luis Village San Roque Village San Vicente Sanitary Camp, North Sanitary Camp, South Santa Escolastica Santo Rosario Santo Tomas Proper Santo Tomas School Area Scout Barrio Session Road Area Slaughter House Area ( Santo Niño Slaughter ) SLU - SVP Housing Village South Drive Teodora Alonzo Trancoville Victoria Village Climate Baguio City, Philippines Climate chart ( explanation ) J J J O 20 22 12 20 22 13 40 24 14 100 25 15 400 24 16 430 23 16 1070 21 15 1160 21 15 710 21 15 380 22 15 120 23 15 50 23 13 Average max. and min. temperatures in ° C Precipitation totals in mm show Imperial conversion J J J O 0.8 72 54 0.8 72 55 1.6 75 57 3.9 77 59 16 75 61 17 73 61 42 70 59 46 70 59 28 70 59 15 72 59 4.7 73 59 73 55 Average max. and min. temperatures in ° F Precipitation totals in inches Under the Köppen climate classification, Baguio features a subtropical highland climate ( Cwb ) that closely borders a tropical monsoon climate ( Am ). The city is known for its mild climate owing to its high elevation. The temperature in the city is usually about 7 -- 8 degrees Celsius lower than the temperature in the lowland area. Average temperature ranges from 15 to 23 ° C ( 59 to 73 ° F ) with the lowest temperatures between November and February. The lowest recorded temperature was 6.3 ° C ( 43.3 ° F ) on January 18, 1961 and in contrast, the all - time high of 30.4 ° C ( 86.7 ° F ) was recorded on March 15, 1988 during the 1988 El Niño season. The temperature seldom exceeds 26 ° C ( 79 ° F ) even during the warmest part of the year. Precipitation Like many other cities with a subtropical highland climate, Baguio receives noticeably less precipitation during its dry season. However, the city has an extraordinary amount of precipitation during the rainy season with the months of July and August having, on average, more than 700 mm ( 28 in ) of rain. The city averages over 3,100 mm ( 122 in ) of precipitation annually. hide Climate data for Baguio Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year Average high ° C ( ° F ) 22.6 ( 72.7 ) 23.6 ( 74.5 ) 24.7 ( 76.5 ) 25.1 ( 77.2 ) 24.6 ( 76.3 ) 23.6 ( 74.5 ) 23.0 ( 73.4 ) 22.0 ( 71.6 ) 22.9 ( 73.2 ) 23.5 ( 74.3 ) 23.2 ( 73.8 ) 22.8 ( 73 ) 23.5 ( 74.3 ) Daily mean ° C ( ° F ) 17.8 ( 64 ) 18.4 ( 65.1 ) 19.6 ( 67.3 ) 20.4 ( 68.7 ) 20.5 ( 68.9 ) 20.0 ( 68 ) 19.6 ( 67.3 ) 18.9 ( 66 ) 19.3 ( 66.7 ) 19.5 ( 67.1 ) 19.0 ( 66.2 ) 18.4 ( 65.1 ) 19.3 ( 66.7 ) Average low ° C ( ° F ) 12.9 ( 55.2 ) 13.1 ( 55.6 ) 14.3 ( 57.7 ) 15.5 ( 59.9 ) 16.2 ( 61.2 ) 16.2 ( 61.2 ) 16.0 ( 60.8 ) 15.9 ( 60.6 ) 15.7 ( 60.3 ) 15.4 ( 59.7 ) 14.8 ( 58.6 ) 14.0 ( 57.2 ) 15 ( 59 ) Average rainfall mm ( inches ) 12.1 ( 0.476 ) 35.8 ( 1.409 ) 55.9 ( 2.201 ) 102.9 ( 4.051 ) 331.1 ( 13.035 ) 480.6 ( 18.921 ) 670.8 ( 26.409 ) 847.9 ( 33.382 ) 582.3 ( 22.925 ) 262.4 ( 10.331 ) 152.3 ( 5.996 ) 28.8 ( 1.134 ) 3,562.9 ( 140.27 ) Average rainy days 9 19 22 26 27 25 17 9 5 169 Average relative humidity ( % ) 80 78 78 80 86 88 90 92 90 87 83 80 84 Source : PAGASA Demographics Population census of Baguio Year Pop. ± % p.a. 1918 5,464 -- 1939 24,117 + 7.33 % 1948 29,262 + 2.17 % 1960 50,436 + 4.64 % 1970 84,538 + 5.29 % 97,449 + 2.89 % 1980 119,009 + 4.08 % 183,142 + 4.41 % 1995 226,883 + 4.09 % 2000 252,386 + 2.31 % 2007 301,926 + 2.50 % 318,676 + 1.98 % 2015 345,366 + 1.54 % Source : Philippine Statistics Authority Houses in Baguio. The city 's population as of May 2000 was placed at 250,000 persons. The city has a very young age structure as 65.5 percent of its total population is below thirty years old. Females comprise 51.3 percent of the population as against 48.7 percent for males. The household population comprises 98 percent of the total population or 245000 persons. With an average of 4.6 members per household, a total of 53,261 household are gleaned. During the peak of the annual tourist influx, particularly during the Lenten period, transients triple the population. Religion The Cathedral of Our Lady of the Atonement The majority of Baguio 's population are Roman Catholics. Other Christian denominations and sects in the city include the Pentecostal Missionary Church of Christ ( 4th Watch ), Episcopal Church, Iglesia ni Cristo, Iglesia Filipina Independiente, Jehovah 's Witnesses, United Church of Christ in the Philippines ( UCCP ), Jesus Is Lord Church ( JIL ), Jesus Miracle Crusade ( JMC ), the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter - day Saints ( LDS ), the United Methodist Church, Assemblies of God ( AG ), and Baptist, Presbyterian, Lutheran, Members Church of God International ( MCGI ), Bible Fundamental, and other Evangelical churches. There is also a significant number of Muslims in the cities, consisting of Filipino Muslims of different ethnicities and Muslims of other nationalities. The largest mosque in the area is Masjid Al - Maarif, which is a known centre of Islamic studies in the Philippines. The city also has smaller numbers of Buddhists and atheists, along with members of other faiths. Economy SM City Baguio as viewed from Burnham Park Maharlika Livelihood Complex Shops along Session Road Brooms with price tags being sold in market Baguio is the melting pot of different peoples and cultures in the Cordillera Administrative Region. Because of this, numerous investments and business opportunities are lured to the city. Baguio has a large retail industry, with shoppers coming to the city to take advantage of the diversity of competitively priced commercial products on sale. The city is also popular with bargain hunters -- some of the most popular bargaining areas include Baguio Market and Maharlika Livelihood Center. Despite the city 's relatively small size, it is home to numerous shopping centers and malls catering to increasing commercial and tourist activity in Baguio : these include SM City Baguio, Baguio Center Mall, Cooyeesan Hotel Plaza, Abanao Square, The Maharlika Livelihood Center, Porta Vaga Mall and Centerpoint Plaza. Various food and retail businesses run by local residents proliferate, forming a key part of Baguio 's cultural landscape. Several retail outlets and dining outlets are situated along Bonifacio Street, Session Road, near Teacher 's Camp, and Baguio Fastfood Center near the market. The areas of Session Road, Harrison Road, Magsaysay Avenue and Abanao Street comprise the trade center of the city, where commercial and business structures such as cinemas, hotels, restaurants, department stores, and shopping centers are concentrated. The City Market offers a wide array of locally sourced goods and products, usually from Benguet province, which includes colorful woven fabrics and hand - strung beads to primitive wood carvings, cut flowers, strawberries and `` Baguio '' vegetables, the latter often denoting vegetable types that do well in the cooler growing climate. ( Strawberries and string beans -- referred to as Baguio beans across the Philippines -- are shipped to major urban markets across the archipelago. ) Another key source of income for Baguio is its position as the commercial hub for the province of Benguet. Many agricultural and mining goods produced in Benguet pass through Baguio for processing, sale or further distribution to the `` lowlands ''. Industrial Baguio is one of the country 's most profitable and best investment areas. A Philippine Economic Zone Authority ( PEZA ) - accredited business and industrial park called the Baguio City Economic Zone ( BCEZ ) is located in the southern part of the city between Camp John Hay Country Club and Philippine Military Academy in Barangay Loakan. Firms located in the BCEZ mostly produce and export knitted clothing, transistors, small components for vehicles, electronics and computer parts. Notable firms include Texas Instruments Philippines, which is the second largest exporter in the country. Other companies headquartered inside the economic zone are Moog Philippines, Inc., Linde Philippines, Inc., LTX Philippines Corporation, Baguio - Ayalaland Technohub, and Sitel Philippines, Baguio. Outsourcing A building hosting a BPO in Baguio. Outsourcing also contributes to the city 's economy and employment. There are many call centers present in the city. Teleperformance Baguio is headquartered in front of Sunshine Park. Other call centers in downtown are Optimum Transsource, Sterling Global and Global Translogic. While others like Convergys and IHG ( InterContinental Hotels Group ) have call centers in Camp John Hay away from the city proper. Tech - Synergy operates a large transcription and backoffice operation near Wright park. Sitel ThoughtFocus Technologies, a leading US provider of Software and KPO services decided to set up its KPO operation center in Baguio. Culture A float by the Scouts Royale Brotherhood used at the 2012 Panagbenga Festival The languages commonly spoken in Baguio are Ibaloi, Kankana - ey and Ifugao, as well as Ilocano, Pangasinan and Kapampangan. Tagalog and English are also understood by many inhabitants within and around the city. The Panagbenga Festival, the annual Flower Festival, is celebrated each February to showcase Baguio 's rich cultural heritage, its appreciation of the environment, and inclination towards the arts. The indigenous people were initially wary with government - led tourism due to a perceived threat that the government would interfere with or change their communities ' rituals. The city became a haven for many Filipino artists in the 1970s -- 1990s. Drawn by the cool climate and low cost of living, artists such as Ben Cabrera ( now a National Artist ) and filmmaker Butch Perez relocated to the city. At the same time, locals such as mixed - media artist Santiago Bose and filmmaker Kidlat Tahimik were also establishing work in the city. Even today, artists like painters and sculptors from all over the country are drawn to the Baguio Arts Festival which is held annually. Baguio has been included in UNESCO 's Creative Cities Network due to craft and folk art traditions of the city. The city is the first city to be part of the inter-city network which aims to promote the creative industries as well as integrate culture in sustainable urban development. Tourism Further information : List of Cultural Properties of the Philippines in the Cordillera Administrative Region Burnham Park Lake Tourism is one of Baguio 's main industries due to its cool climate and history. The city is one of the country 's top tourist destinations. During the year end holidays some people from the lowlands prefer spending their vacation in Baguio, to experience cold temperatures they rarely have in their home provinces. Also, during summer, especially during Holy Week, tourists from all over the country flock to the city. During this time, the total number of people in the city doubles. To accommodate all these people there are more than 80 hotels and inns available. Local festivities such as the Panagbenga Festival also attracts both local and foreign tourists. Baguio is the lone Philippine destination in the 2011 TripAdvisor Traveller 's Choice Destinations Awards ( Asia category ) with the city being among the top 25 destinations in Asia. The Burnham Park, Mines View Park, Teacher 's Camp, and Baguio Cathedral are among the top tourist sites in Baguio. Local government Baguio City Hall Like most Philippine cities, Baguio is governed by a mayor, vice mayor, and 12 councilors. However, as a highly urbanized city with its own charter, it is not subject to the jurisdiction of Benguet province, of which it was formerly a part. The current mayor of Baguio is Mauricio Domogan, and the lone congressional district is currently represented by Congressman Mark Go. They were elected in May 2016. Sports The Baguio Athletic Bowl within the grounds of Burnham Park is one of Baguio 's primary sporting venues. Baguio has also hosted the 1978 World Chess Championship match between Anatoly Karpov and Viktor Korchnoi. Transportation Air The Loakan Airport runway in the outskirts of the city Loakan Airport is the lone airport serving the general area of Baguio. The airport is classified as a trunkline airport, or a major commercial domestic airport, by the Civil Aviation Authority of the Philippines but there are currently no regular commercial services in the airport. It is located south of the city center. Due to the limited length of the runway which is 1,802 meters or 5,912 feet, it is restricted to commuter size aircraft. The airport is used primarily by helicopters, turbo - prop and piston engine aircraft, although on rare occasion light business jets ( LBJ ) have flown into the airport. Land Session Road, one of Baguio 's primary roads The three main access roads leading to Baguio from the lowlands are Kennon Road ( formerly known as the Benguet Road ), Aspiras -- Palispis Highway ( previously known as Marcos Highway ) and Naguilian Road, also known as Quirino Highway. Kennon Road starts at Rosario, La Union and winds upwards through a narrow, steep valley. This is often the fastest route to Baguio but it is particularly perilous, with landslides during the rainy season and sharp dropoffs, some without guardrails. The Aspiras Highway, which starts in Agoo, La Union and connects to Palispis Highway, at the boundary of Benguet and La Union provinces, and Naguilian Road, which starts in Bauang, La Union, are both longer routes but are much safer than Kennon Road especially during rainy season, and are the preferred routes for coaches, buses and trucks. The Benguet - Nueva Vizcaya Road, which links Baguio to Aritao in Nueva Vizcaya province, traverses the towns of Itogon, Bokod, and Kayapa. Another road, Halsema Highway, ( also known as the Baguio - Bontoc Road or the Mountain Trail ) leads north through the mountainous portion of the provinces of Benguet and Mountain Province. It starts at the northern border of Baguio with La Trinidad. There are several bus lines linking Baguio with Manila and Central Luzon, and provinces such as Pangasinan, Nueva Ecija, Aurora, Cavite, La Union, and those in the Ilocos regions. Taxis and jeepneys are common forms of transportation in the city. Education The Philippine Military Academy in Fort del Pilar Baguio is a university town with 141,088 students out of the 301,926 population count done in the year 2007. It is the center of education in the entire North Luzon. There are eight major institutions of higher education in Baguio : the Saint Louis University, University of the Philippines Baguio, Philippine Military Academy, University of Baguio, University of the Cordilleras, Baguio Central University, Pines City Colleges, and Easter College. Notable people Main article : List of people from Baguio Sister cities Local Angeles, Pampanga Alaminos, Pangasinan Bacolod, Negros Occidental Calbayog, Samar Candon Daet, Camarines Norte Davao City Dipaculao, Aurora Lopez, Quezon Lucena, Quezon Makati, Metro Manila Mandaue, Cebu Marawi Muñoz, Nueva Ecija Ormoc, Leyte Pavia, Iloilo San Carlos, Negros Occidental Zamboanga City International Cusco, Peru Gongju, South Korea Hangzhou, China Karuizawa, Nagano, Japan Hanyū, Saitama, Japan Honolulu, Hawaii, United States Nazareth, Israel Ontario, Canada Seoul, South Korea Shepparton, Australia Taebaek, South Korea Tamuning, Guam, United States Taxco, Mexico Vallejo, California, United States Wakkanai, Hokkaido, Japan See also Philippines portal Capital of the Philippines Daniel Burnham Hill station Kennon Road La Trinidad References Jump up ^ `` Province : Benguet ''. PSG0C Interactive. Makati City, Philippines : National Statistical Coordination Board. Archived from the original on 14 November 2012. Retrieved 12 August 2013. ^ Jump up to : Census of Population ( 2015 ). `` Cordillera Administrative Region ( CAR ) ''. Total Population by Province, City, Municipality and Barangay. PSA. Retrieved 20 June 2016. Jump up ^ `` Southeastern Asia : Island of Luzon in the Philippines ''. WWF. Retrieved 16 August 2014. ^ Jump up to : Sanidad, Pablito. `` Which Baguio Centennial ? '' ( 99th Baguio Charter Day Anniversary Issue ). Baguio Midland Courier. Retrieved 21 February 2016. Jump up ^ http://www.baguio.gov.ph/?q=content/business-0 Jump up ^ Estoque, Ronald C. ; Yuji Murayama ( February 2013 ). `` City Profile : Baguio ''. Cities. 30 : 240 -- 51. doi : 10.1016 / j. cities. 2011.05. 002. ^ Jump up to : `` Baguio City ; History and Government ''. Department of the Interior and Local Government - Cordillera Administrative Region. Retrieved 21 February 2016. Jump up ^ Kane, S.E., 1933, Life and Death in Luzon or Thirty Years with the Philippine Head - Hunters, New York : Grosset & Dunlap Jump up ^ Cody, Jeffrey W. ( 2003 ). `` Exporting American Architecture, 1870 -- 2000 '', pg. 23. Alexandrine Press, Oxford ; ISBN 0 - 203 - 98658 - X. Jump up ^ Galang, Willie ( 23 January 2010 ). `` Mansion House ( NHI Marker ) ''. Flickr.com ; retrieved 21 November 2011. ^ Jump up to : `` About Baguio City ''. City Government of Baguio. Archived from the original on 24 March 2016. Retrieved 28 August 2016. Jump up ^ `` The Americans in Baguio ''. Go Baguio : Your Complete Guide to Baguio City, Philippines. Retrieved 17 June 2018. Jump up ^ Sakakida, Richard ; Kiyosaki, Wayne S. ( 3 July 1995 ). A Spy in Their Midst : The World War II Struggle of a Japanese - American Hero. Madison Books. p. 165. ISBN 978 - 1 - 4616 - 6286 - 0. Jump up ^ `` Flowers, new song for 72nd year of Baguio war bombings ''. Inquirer.net. Retrieved 28 August 2016. Jump up ^ Forbidden Diary : A Record of Wartime Internment, 1941 -- 1945 by Natalie Crouter ( Burt Franlin & Co. 1980 ) Jump up ^ Jose, Ricardo T. `` Government in Exile '' ( PDF ). Scalabrini Migration Center. Retrieved 24 September 2014. Jump up ^ Zeiler, Thomas W. ( 2004 ). Unconditional Defeat : Japan, America, and the End of World War II. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 134. ISBN 978 - 0 - 8420 - 2991 - 9. Jump up ^ General Staff of General of the Army Douglas MacArthur ( 1966 ). `` Chapter XIV : Japan 's Surrender ''. Reports of General MacArthur : The Campaign of MacArthur in the Pacific, Volume I. United States Army. p. 464. ISBN 978 - 1 - 78266 - 035 - 4. Retrieved 25 September 2014. `` The American Residence in Baguio ''. Embassy of the United States, Manila, Philippines. United States Department of State. Archived from the original on 3 September 2014. Retrieved 25 September 2014. Farrell, Brian ; Hunter, Sandy ( 15 December 2009 ). A Great Betrayal : The Fall of Singapore Revisited. Marshall Cavendish International Asia Pte Ltd. p. 163. ISBN 9789814435468. Tucker, Spencer ( 21 November 2012 ). Almanac of American Military History, Volume 1. ABC - CLIO. p. 1727. ISBN 978 - 1 - 59884 - 530 - 3. Jump up ^ http://earthquake.phivolcs.dost.gov.ph/update_SOEPD/Earthquake/1990LuzonEQ_Monograph/pp001/pp001.html Archived 7 October 2011 at the Wayback Machine. Jump up ^ Gwen de la Cruz ( 16 July 2014 ). `` Remembering the 1990 Luzon Earthquake ''. rappler.com. Rappler. Retrieved 12 August 2016. Jump up ^ `` Baguio City ) ''. Department of the Interior and Local Government, Cordillera Administrative Region. Retrieved 17 June 2018. Jump up ^ `` Climate : Baguio -- Climate graph, Temperature graph, Climate table ''. Climate-Data.org. Retrieved 2014 - 02 - 23. ^ Jump up to : `` Baguio City Travel Information, Philippines ''. Asia Travel. Retrieved 2013 - 02 - 26. Jump up ^ Basilan, Jacquelyn ; Khristine Love Vicente ( 17 December 2008 ). `` Baguio wakes up to coldest morn in 2008 ''. Breaking News / Regions. Philippine Daily Inquirer. Archived from the original on 2008 - 12 - 19. Retrieved 2009 - 01 - 12. Jump up ^ `` Climatological Normals of the Philippines ( 1951 -- 1985 ) '' ( PDF ). PAGASA. 2011. Retrieved on November 22, 2011. Jump up ^ Census of Population and Housing ( 2010 ). `` Cordillera Administrative Region ( CAR ) ''. Total Population by Province, City, Municipality and Barangay. NSO. Retrieved 29 June 2016. Jump up ^ Censuses of Population ( 1903 -- 2007 ). `` Cordillera Administrative Region ( CAR ) ''. Table 1. Population Enumerated in Various Censuses by Province / Highly Urbanized City : 1903 to 2007. NSO. Jump up ^ `` Province of Benguet ''. Municipality Population Data. Local Water Utilities Administration Research Division. Retrieved 17 December 2016. Jump up ^ `` How small malls compete with big malls ''. Inquirer.net. Retrieved 28 August 2016. ^ Jump up to : Sinumlag, Alma B. ( 28 November 2010 ). `` LT folk clarifies Baguio cut flowers origin ''. Northern Dispatch Weekly. Retrieved 29 February 2016. The spokesperson of this town 's Municipal Agricultural and Fishery Council ( MAPC ) and chairperson of the Barangay Agricultural and Fishery Council ( BAPC ) in Lubas, La Trinidad clarified that cut flowers do not really originate in Baguio. Christina Tiongan in an interview on 24 November lamented that tourists always associate Baguio City with cut flowers and other products like temperate vegetables that do not really originate in the city. `` We are the ones producing those products but there had been no efforts from the city to correct tourists ' perception '', she said. Jump up ^ Lapniten, Karl ( 24 February 2016 ). `` Strawberries hit bottom prices in Baguio ''. CNN Philippines. Retrieved 29 February 2016. The capital town of Benguet, La Trinidad supplies most of the strawberries sold at the Baguio Public Market. Much of the produce also comes from small strawberry farms in the outskirts of Baguio and in nearby municipalities of Benguet. Jump up ^ `` Baguio offers investors new profit opportunities ''. Inquirer.net. Retrieved 28 August 2016. Jump up ^ `` Business booms in Baguio City as 18th Ad Congress draws near ''. Philsatr Business. Retrieved 28 August 2016. Jump up ^ Cahiles - Magkilat, Bernie ( 13 February 2007 ). `` Baguio export zone to get P6. 7 B in new investments ''. Manila Bulletin Publishing Corporation. Archived from the original on 28 July 2012. Retrieved 27 February 2013. Jump up ^ Cabreza, Vincent ( 26 January 2008 ). `` Cordillera tribes realize why they should not fear tourism ''. Philippine Daily Inquirer. Archived from the original on 2 October 2008. Retrieved 2 February 2008. Jump up ^ `` Baguio hailed as a UNESCO ' creative city ' ''. ABS - CBN News. 1 November 2017. Retrieved 15 November 2017. Jump up ^ `` -- - Statistics : Tourism Special Tables -- - ''. nscb.gov.ph. Jump up ^ `` Complete list of Baguio Hotels ''. philippines-travel-guide.com. Jump up ^ `` Best Destinations in Asia - Travelers ' Choice Awards - TripAdvisor ''. tripadvisor.com. ^ Jump up to : Cabreza, Vincent ( 16 May 2012 ). `` Fighting for century - old Kennon Road ''. Philippine Daily Inquirer. Inquirer Northern Luzon. Retrieved 29 February 2016. The colonial government decided then that constructing the Benguet Road ( Kennon Road 's original name ) would provide the Americans a short route up the Benguet mountains... When Baguio was devastated by the July 16, 1990 earthquake, then Public Works Secretary Gregorio Vigilar decided to permanently close the damaged Kennon Road, said Cosalan. The government discovered 471 `` disaster spots '' along the route, which the Mines and Geosciences Bureau attributed to the fragility of the rock base, the abandoned mining operations near the road and the natural ground fractures that were undetectable in the 1900s. Jump up ^ `` Republic Act No. 8971 ; An Act Naming the Agoo - Tubao - Pugo Section of the Agoo - Baguio Road, the Jose D. Aspiras Highway, and the Benguet - Baguio City Section of the Same Road, the Ben Palispis Highway ''. Chan Robles Virtual Law Library. 31 October 2000. Retrieved 29 February 2016. Jump up ^ Lagasca, Charlie ( 14 March 2006 ). `` Vizcaya - Benguet road completed this year ''. The Philippine Star. Retrieved 29 February 2016. BAYOMBONG, Nueva Vizcaya - Novo Vizcayanos can now look forward to reaching the country 's summer capital in a few hours as the shortest route linking this landlocked province to the mountain city is expected to be completed by the end of this year... The new route will traverse the mountain highway from Aritao, Nueva Vizcaya to Baguio City via the vegetable - rich upland town of Kayapa and the majestic Ambuklao Dam in Bokod, Benguet. Jump up ^ Caluza, Desiree ( 26 May 2014 ). `` Mountain Trail leads to culture, nature hubs ''. Philippine Daily Inquirer. Inquirer Northern Luzon. Retrieved 29 February 2016. BAGUIO CITY, Philippines -- Travelers who often frequent the 165 - kilometer Mountain Trail may have gotten so used to the view along the scenic route that they often doze off all throughout the trip along this highway linking the provinces of Benguet, Mountain Province and Ifugao in the Cordillera... While the road length stretches to only a little more than 100 kilometres ( 62 miles ) from La Trinidad town in Benguet to the Mountain Province capital of Bontoc, those raring for adventure and new sights should be prepared to spend six hours on the road. Jump up ^ Basoyang, Marianne K. `` History of Easter College ''. Easter College. Retrieved 4 March 2013. ^ Jump up to : `` 20 sister cities pledge to fortify ties with Baguio ''. Baguio Midland Courier. Jump up ^ `` Marvil : Baguio and Candon City Sign Sisterhood MOU ''. Jump up ^ `` Honolulu Data : Sister Cities '' ( official website ). Honolulu : City and County of Honolulu. 2013. Retrieved August 28, 2016. Jump up ^ See, Dexter A. ( 2014 - 10 - 24 ). `` Twinning ties for Baguio and Nazareth ''. The Standard. Archived from the original on 2016 - 03 - 08. Retrieved 2016 - 03 - 04. Jump up ^ `` Vallejo 's Sister Cities ''. Vallejo Sister Cities Association. Retrieved 28 August 2016. External links Wikimedia Commons has media related to Baguio City. Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Baguio. Baguio at OpenStreetMap Official website of Baguio Places adjacent to Baguio Sablan La Trinidad Tuba Baguio Itogon Tuba Baguio Summer Capital of the Philippines Geography Baguio City Economic Zone Benguet Brookspoint Burnham Park DPS Compound Irisan Metro Baguio Mines View Park Mount Cabuyao Mount Santo Tomas Buildings Baguio Athletic Bowl Baguio Cathedral Baguio Cemetery Camp John Hay Casa Vallejo Diplomat Hotel Hyatt Terraces Hotel Laperal White House Lion 's Head The Mansion SM City Baguio Education Baguio Central University Baguio City National High School Brent International School Philippine College of Ministry Philippine Military Academy Philippine Science High School Pines City National High School Saint Louis University Teacher 's Camp University of Baguio University of the Cordilleras University of the Philippines Baguio Culture Panagbenga Festival Roman Catholic Diocese of Baguio Transportation Loakan Airport Amparo Heights Road Asin Road Governor Pack Road Kennon Road Kisad Road Legarda Road Loakan Road Session Road Others Legislative district Federation of the Sangguniang Kabataan John Hay Air Station Cordillera Administrative Region, Philippines Articles related to Baguio Local Government Units of BLISTT Baguio La Trinidad Itogon Sablan Tuba Tublay Province of Benguet La Trinidad ( capital ) Municipalities Atok Bakun Bokod Buguias Itogon Kabayan Kapangan Kibungan La Trinidad Mankayan Sablan Tuba Tublay Highly urbanized city Baguio ( Administratively independent from the province but grouped under Benguet by the Philippine Statistics Authority. ) Barangays See : List of barangays in Benguet Cordillera Administrative Region ( CAR ) Regional Center Baguio Provinces Abra Apayao Benguet Ifugao Kalinga Mountain Province Highly Urbanized City Baguio Component City Tabuk Provincial Capitals Bangued Bontoc Kabugao La Trinidad Lagawe Tabuk Municipalities Aguinaldo Alfonso Lista Asipulo Atok Bakun Balbalan Banaue Bangued Barlig Bauko Besao Bokod Boliney Bontoc Bucay Bucloc Buguias Calanasan Conner Daguioman Danglas Dolores Flora Hingyon Hungduan Itogon Kabayan Kabugao Kapangan Kiangan Kibungan La Paz La Trinidad Lacub Lagangilang Lagawe Lagayan Lamut Langiden Licuan - Baay Luba Lubuagan Luna Malibcong Manabo Mankayan Mayoyao Natonin Paracelis Pasil Peñarrubia Pidigan Pilar Pinukpuk Pudtol Rizal Sabangan Sablan Sadanga Sagada Sallapadan San Isidro San Juan San Quintin Santa Marcela Tadian Tanudan Tayum Tineg Tinglayan Tinoc Tuba Tublay Tubo Villaviciosa Luzon, Republic of the Philippines Cities of the Philippines Highly Urbanized Cities Angeles Bacolod Baguio Butuan Cagayan de Oro Caloocan Cebu City Davao City General Santos Iligan Iloilo City Lapu - Lapu Las Piñas Lucena Makati Malabon Mandaluyong Mandaue Manila Marikina Muntinlupa Navotas Olongapo Parañaque Pasay Pasig Puerto Princesa Quezon City San Juan Tacloban Taguig Valenzuela Zamboanga City Independent Component Cities Cotabato City Dagupan Naga Ormoc Santiago Component Cities Alaminos Antipolo Bacoor Bago Bais Balanga Batac Batangas City Bayawan Baybay Bayugan Biñan Bislig Bogo Borongan Cabadbaran Cabanatuan Cabuyao Cadiz Calamba Calapan Calbayog Candon Canlaon Carcar Catbalogan Cauayan Cavite City Danao Dapitan Dasmariñas Digos Dipolog Dumaguete El Salvador Escalante Gapan General Trias Gingoog Guihulngan Himamaylan Ilagan Imus Iriga Isabela Kabankalan Kidapawan Koronadal La Carlota Lamitan Laoag Legazpi Ligao Lipa Maasin Mabalacat Malaybalay Malolos Marawi Masbate City Mati Meycauayan Muñoz Naga, Cebu Oroquieta Ozamiz Pagadian Palayan Panabo Passi Roxas Sagay Samal San Carlos, Negros Occidental San Carlos, Pangasinan San Fernando, La Union San Fernando, Pampanga San Jose San Jose del Monte San Pablo San Pedro Santa Rosa Silay Sipalay Sorsogon City Surigao City Tabaco Tabuk Tacurong Tagaytay Tagbilaran Tagum Talisay, Cebu Talisay, Negros Occidental Tanauan Tandag Tangub Tanjay Tarlac City Tayabas Toledo Trece Martires Tuguegarao Urdaneta Valencia Victorias Vigan Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Baguio&oldid=852749260 '' Categories : Baguio Populated places in Benguet Cities in the Cordillera Administrative Region Independent cities in the Philippines Mountain resorts in the Philippines University towns in the Philippines Planned cities in the Philippines Populated places established in 1909 1909 establishments in the Philippines Former provincial capitals of the Philippines Hidden categories : All articles with dead external links Articles with dead external links from April 2018 Webarchive template wayback links Articles needing additional references from June 2018 All articles needing additional references Articles with short description Coordinates on Wikidata Articles containing Ilokano - language text Articles containing Filipino - language text Articles needing additional references from March 2018 All articles with unsourced statements Articles with unsourced statements from March 2018 M s Talk Contents About Wikipedia Wikivoyage Languages Azərbaycanca Bân - lâm - gú Bikol Central Bosanski Català Cebuano Chavacano de Zamboanga Deutsch Español Esperanto فارسی Français Galego 한국어 Hrvatski Ilokano Bahasa Indonesia Italiano Kapampangan Latina Latviešu Lietuvių Bahasa Melayu Nederlands 日本 語 Norsk Pangasinan Polski Português Русский Suomi Svenska Tagalog தமிழ் ไทย Türkçe Українська اردو Vèneto Tiếng Việt Winaray 粵語 中文 35 more Edit links This page was last edited on 31 July 2018, at 02 : 58 ( UTC ). Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution - ShareAlike License ; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia ® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization. About Wikipedia

Question: why baguio is the summer capital of the philippines
Answer: its cool climate