Mean arterial pressure - wikipedia Mean arterial pressure In medicine, the mean arterial pressure ( MAP ) is an average blood pressure in an individual during a single cardiac cycle. Contents 1 Calculation 2 Estimation 3 Clinical significance 4 See also 5 References 6 External links Calculation Total Peripheral Resistance ( TPR ) is represented mathematically by the formula : mean arterial pressure R = ΔP / Q R is TPR. ΔP is the change in pressure across the systemic circulation from its beginning to its end. Q is the flow through the vasculature ( equal to cardiac output ) In other words : Total Peripheral Resistance = ( Mean Arterial Pressure - Mean Venous Pressure ) / Cardiac Output Therefore, Mean arterial pressure can be determined from : M A P = ( C O ⋅ S V R ) + C V P ( displaystyle MAP = ( CO cdot SVR ) + CVP ) where : C O ( displaystyle CO ) is cardiac output S V R ( displaystyle SVR ) is systemic vascular resistance C V P ( displaystyle CVP ) is central venous pressure and usually small enough to be neglected in this formula. Estimation At normal resting heart rates M A P ( displaystyle MAP ) can be approximated using the more easily measured systolic and diastolic pressures, S P ( displaystyle SP ) and D P ( displaystyle DP ) : M A P ≃ D P + 1 3 ( S P − D P ) ( displaystyle MAP simeq DP+ ( \frac ( 1 ) ( 3 ) ) ( SP - DP ) ) or equivalently M A P ≃ 2 3 ( D P ) + 1 3 ( S P ) ( displaystyle MAP simeq ( \frac ( 2 ) ( 3 ) ) ( DP ) + ( \frac ( 1 ) ( 3 ) ) ( SP ) ) or equivalently M A P ≃ ( 2 × D P ) + S P 3 ( displaystyle MAP simeq ( \frac ( ( 2 \times DP ) + SP ) ( 3 ) ) ) or equivalently M A P ≃ D P + 1 3 P P ( displaystyle MAP simeq DP+ ( \frac ( 1 ) ( 3 ) ) PP ) where P P ( displaystyle PP ) is the pulse pressure, S P − D P ( displaystyle SP - DP ) At high heart rates M A P ( displaystyle MAP ) is more closely approximated by the arithmetic mean of systolic and diastolic pressures because of the change in shape of the arterial pressure pulse. For a generalized formula of M A P ( displaystyle MAP ) : M A P ≃ D P + 0.01 × exp ⁡ ( 4.14 − 40.74 / H R ) ( S P − D P ) ( displaystyle MAP simeq DP + 0.01 \times exp ( 4.14 - 40.74 / HR ) ( SP - DP ) ) Where HR is the heart rate. Clinical significance M A P ( displaystyle MAP ) is considered to be the perfusion pressure seen by organs in the body. It is believed that a M A P ( displaystyle MAP ) that is greater than 70 mmHg is enough to sustain the organs of the average person. M A P ( displaystyle MAP ) is normally between 65 and 110 mmHg. MAP may be used similarly to Systolic blood pressure in monitoring and treating for target blood pressure. Both have been shown advantageous targets for sepsis, trauma, stroke, intracranial bleed, and hypertensive emergencies. If the M A P ( displaystyle MAP ) falls below this number for an appreciable time, vital organs will not get enough oxygen perfusion, and will become hypoxic, a condition called ischemia. See also Blood pressure Hypertension Pulse pressure References Jump up ^ Zheng L, Sun Z, Li J, et al. ( July 2008 ). `` Pulse pressure and mean arterial pressure in relation to ischemic stroke among patients with uncontrolled hypertension in rural areas of China ''. Stroke. 39 ( 7 ) : 1932 -- 7. doi : 10.1161 / STROKEAHA. 107.510677. PMID 18451345. Jump up ^ Total peripheral resistance, Wikipedia Jump up ^ Cardiovascular Physiology Concepts : Mean Arterial Pressure, Richard E. Klabunde, Ph. D Jump up ^ Physiology : 3 / 3ch7 / s3ch7_4 - Essentials of Human Physiology Jump up ^ Cardiovascular Physiology ( page 3 ) Archived 2006 - 12 - 11 at the Wayback Machine. Jump up ^ http://www.clinicalreview.com Physiology Review Jump up ^ Moran D, Epstein Y, Keren G, Laor A, Sherez J, Shapiro Y. `` Calculation of mean arterial pressure during exercise as a function of heart rate ''. Appl Human Sci. 14 : 293 -- 5. doi : 10.2114 / ahs. 14.293. PMID 8591100. Jump up ^ impactEDnurse ( May 31, 2007 ). `` mean arterial pressure ''. impactednurse.com. Archived from the original on December 12, 2013. Retrieved 2013 - 12 - 12. Jump up ^ Magder SA ( 2014 ). `` The highs and lows of blood pressure : toward meaningful clinical targets in patients with shock ''. Crit Care Med. 42 ( 5 ) : 1241 -- 51. doi : 10.1097 / ccm. 0000000000000324. PMID 24736333. External links Mean Arterial Pressure Calculator More Information on usage of the Mean Arterial Pressure Physiology of the cardiovascular system Heart Cardiac output Cardiac cycle Cardiac output Heart rate Stroke volume Stroke volume End - diastolic volume End - systolic volume Afterload Preload Frank -- Starling law Cardiac function curve Venous return curve Wiggers diagram Pressure volume diagram Ultrasound Fractional shortening = ( End - diastolic dimension End - systolic dimension ) / End - diastolic dimension Aortic valve area calculation Ejection fraction Cardiac index Heart rate Cardiac pacemaker Chronotropic ( Heart rate ) Dromotropic ( Conduction velocity ) Inotropic ( Contractility ) Bathmotropic ( Excitability ) Lusitropic ( Relaxation ) Conduction Conduction system Cardiac electrophysiology Action potential cardiac atrial ventricular Effective refractory period Pacemaker potential Electrocardiography P wave PR interval QRS complex QT interval ST segment T wave U wave Hexaxial reference system Chamber pressure Central venous Right atrial ventricular pulmonary artery wedge Left atrial ventricular Aortic Other Ventricular remodeling Vascular system / Hemodynamics Blood flow Compliance Vascular resistance Pulse Perfusion Blood pressure Pulse pressure Systolic Diastolic Mean arterial pressure Jugular venous pressure Portal venous pressure Regulation of BP Baroreflex Kinin -- kallikrein system Renin -- angiotensin system Vasoconstrictors Vasodilators Autoregulation Myogenic mechanism Tubuloglomerular feedback Cerebral autoregulation Paraganglia Aortic body Carotid body Glomus cell Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mean_arterial_pressure&oldid=821994719 '' Categories : Medical signs Blood pressure Hidden categories : Webarchive template wayback links Wikipedia articles needing clarification from March 2015 Talk Contents About Wikipedia Български Deutsch Español Italiano Polski Svenska 中文 Edit links This page was last edited on 23 January 2018, at 20 : 37 ( UTC ). 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Question: what does map mean on blood pressure machine
Answer: mean arterial pressure