Cinderella - wikipedia Cinderella This article is about the folk tale. For other uses, see Cinderella ( disambiguation ). Cinderella Cinderella Fleeing the Ball by Anne Anderson Folk tale Name Cinderella Also known as Italian : Cenerentola, French : Cendrillon, Polish : Kopciuszek, German : Aschenputtel, Russian : Zolushka, Dutch : Assepoester, Spanish : Cenicienta. Data Aarne - Thompson grouping ATU 510 A ( Persecuted Heroine ) Region Eurasia Cinderella ( Italian : Cenerentola, French : Cendrillon, German : Aschenputtel ), or The Little Glass Slipper, is a folk tale embodying a myth - element of unjust oppression and triumphant reward. Thousands of variants are known throughout the world. The title character is a young woman living in unfortunate circumstances, that are suddenly changed to remarkable fortune. The story of Rhodopis, recounted by the Greek geographer Strabo in around 7 BC, about a Greek slave girl who marries the king of Egypt, is usually considered as the earliest known variant of the `` Cinderella '' story. The first literary European version of the story was published in Italy by Giambattista Basile in his Pentamerone in 1634 ; the most popular version was published by Charles Perrault in Histoires ou contes du temps passé in 1697, and later by the Brothers Grimm in their folk tale collection Grimms ' Fairy Tales in 1812. Although the story 's title and main character 's name change in different languages, in English - language folklore `` Cinderella '' is the archetypal name. The word `` Cinderella '' has, by analogy, come to mean one whose attributes were unrecognized, or one who unexpectedly achieves recognition or success after a period of obscurity and neglect. The still - popular story of `` Cinderella '' continues to influence popular culture internationally, lending plot elements, allusions, and tropes to a wide variety of media. The Aarne - Thompson - Uther system classifies Cinderella as Tale Type 510A, Persecuted Heroine. Contents 1 Ancient versions 1.1 European versions 1.1. 1 Rhodopis 1.1. 2 Le Fresne 1.2 Asian versions 1.2. 1 Ye Xian 1.2. 2 One Thousand and One Nights 1.2. 3 Tam and Cam 2 Literary versions 2.1 Cenerentola, by Basile 2.2 Cendrillon, by Perrault 2.3 Aschenputtel, by the Brothers Grimm 3 Plot variations and alternative tellings 4 Folkloristics 5 Translations 6 See also 7 References 8 External links Ancient versions European versions Rhodopis Pair of ancient leather sandals from Egypt Main article : Rhodopis The oldest known version of the Cinderella story is the ancient Greek story of Rhodopis, a Greek courtesan living in the colony of Naucratis in Egypt, whose name means `` Rosy - Cheeks ''. The story is first recorded by the Greek geographer Strabo in his Geographica ( book 17, 33 ), probably written around 7 BC or thereabouts : They tell the fabulous story that, when she was bathing, an eagle snatched one of her sandals from her maid and carried it to Memphis ; and while the king was administering justice in the open air, the eagle, when it arrived above his head, flung the sandal into his lap ; and the king, stirred both by the beautiful shape of the sandal and by the strangeness of the occurrence, sent men in all directions into the country in quest of the woman who wore the sandal ; and when she was found in the city of Naucratis, she was brought up to Memphis, became the wife of the king... The same story is also later reported by the Roman orator Aelian ( ca. 175 -- ca. 235 ) in his Miscellaneous History, which was written entirely in Greek. Aelian 's story closely resembles the story told by Strabo, but adds that the name of the pharaoh in question was Psammetichus. Aelian 's account indicates that the story of Rhodopis remained popular throughout antiquity. Herodotus, some five centuries before Strabo, records a popular legend about a possibly - related courtesan named Rhodopis in his Histories, claiming that Rhodopis came from Thrace, and was the slave of Iadmon of Samos, and a fellow - slave of the story - teller Aesop and that she was taken to Egypt in the time of Pharaoh Amasis, and freed there for a large sum by Charaxus of Mytilene, brother of Sappho the lyric poet. Le Fresne Illustration of Marie de France, the author of Le Fresne, from a medieval illuminated manuscript The twelfth - century AD lai of Le Fresne ( `` The Ash - Tree Girl '' ), retold by Marie de France, is a variant of the `` Cinderella '' story in which a wealthy noblewoman abandons her infant daughter at the base of an ash tree outside a nunnery with a ring and brocade as tokens of her identity, because she is one of twin sisters the mother fears that she will be accused of infidelity ( according to popular belief, twins were evidence of two different fathers ). The infant is discovered by the porter, who names her Fresne, meaning `` Ash Tree '', and she is raised by the nuns. After she has attained maturity, a young nobleman sees her and becomes her lover. The nobleman, however, is forced to marry a woman of noble birth. Fresne accepts that she will never marry her beloved, but waits in the wedding chamber as a handmaiden. She covers the bed with her own brocade, but, unbeknownst to her, her beloved 's bride is actually her twin sister, and her mother recognizes the brocade as the same one she had given to the daughter she had abandoned so many years before. Fresne 's true parentage is revealed and, as a result of her noble birth, she is allowed to marry her beloved, while her twin sister is married to a different nobleman. Asian versions Ye Xian The story of Ye Xian reflected the admiration for small feet in ancient China. Foot binding later became a common practice to prevent feet from growing. A version of the story, Ye Xian, appeared in Miscellaneous Morsels from Youyang by Duan Chengshi around 860. In this version, the protagonist is Ye Xian, a hardworking and lovely girl, who befriends a fish, which is the reincarnation of her deceased mother. Her stepmother and sister kill the fish, but Ye Xian saves the bones, which are magic, and they help her dress appropriately for the New Year Festival. Her stepfamily recognizes her at the festival, causing her to flee and accidentally lose her slipper. Afterwards, the king finds her slipper and falls in love with her ( eventually rescuing her from her cruel stepmother ). Variants of the story are also found in many ethnic groups in China. One Thousand and one Nights Several different variants of the story appear in the medieval One Thousand and One Nights, also known as the Arabian Nights, including `` The Second Shaykh 's Story '', `` The Eldest Lady 's Tale '' and `` Abdallah ibn Fadil and His Brothers '', all dealing with the theme of a younger sibling harassed by two jealous elders. In some of these, the siblings are female, while in others, they are male. One of the tales, `` Judar and His Brethren '', departs from the happy endings of previous variants and reworks the plot to give it a tragic ending instead, with the younger brother being poisoned by his elder brothers. Tam and Cam The Story of Tam and Cam, from Vietnam, is similar to the Chinese version. The heroine Tấm also had a fish which was killed by the stepmother and the half - sister, and its bones also give her clothes. Later after marrying the king, Tấm was killed by her stepmother and sister, and reincarnated several times in form of a bird, a loom and a `` gold apple ''. She finally reunited with the king and lived happily ever after. Literary versions The first written European version of the story was published in Napoli ( Naples ), Italy, by Giambattista Basile, in his Pentamerone ( 1634 ). The story itself was based in the Kingdom of Naples, at that time the most important political and cultural center of Southern Italy and among the most influential capitals in Europe, and written in the Neapolitan dialect. It was later retold, along with other Basile tales, by Charles Perrault in Histoires ou contes du temps passé ( 1697 ), and by the Brothers Grimm in their folk tale collection Grimms ' Fairy Tales ( 1812 ). The name `` Cenerentola '' comes from the Italian word `` cenere '' ( ash, cinder ). It has to do with the fact that servants and scullions were usually soiled with ash at that time, because of their cleaning work and also because they had to live in cold basements so they usually tried to get warm by sitting close to the fireplace. Cenerentola, by Basile Giambattista Basile, an Italian soldier and government official, assembled a set of oral folk tales into a written collection titled Lo cunto de li cunti ( The Story of Stories ), or Pentamerone. It included the tale of Cenerentola, which features a wicked stepmother and evil stepsisters, magical transformations, a missing slipper, and a hunt by a monarch for the owner of the slipper. It was published posthumously in 1634. Plot : A prince has a daughter, Zezolla ( tonnie ) ( the Cinderella figure ), who is tended by a beloved governess. The governess, with Zezolla 's help, persuades the prince to marry her. The governess then brings forward six daughters of her own, who abuse Zezolla ( tonnie ), and send her into the kitchen to work as a servant. The prince goes to the island of Sinia, meets a fairy who gives presents to his daughter, and brings back for her : a golden spade, a golden bucket, a silken napkin, and a date seedling. The girl cultivates the tree, and when the king hosts a ball, Zezolla appears dressed richly by a fairy living in the date tree. The king falls in love with her, but Zezolla runs away before he can find out who she is. Twice Zezolla escapes the king and his servants. The third time, the king 's servant captures one of her slippers. The king invites all of the maidens in the land to a ball with a shoe - test, identifies Zezolla ( tonnie ) after the shoe jumps from his hand to her foot, and eventually marries her. Cendrillon, by Perrault Oliver Herford illustrated Cinderella with the Fairy Godmother, inspired by Perrault 's version. Charles Robinson illustrated Cinderella in the kitchen ( 1900 ), from `` Tales of Passed Times '' with stories by Charles Perrault. Writing blank entitled Cinderella or The little glass slipper, educational folder. One of the most popular versions of Cinderella was written in French by Charles Perrault in 1697, under the name Cendrillon. The popularity of his tale was due to his additions to the story, including the pumpkin, the fairy - godmother and the introduction of `` glass '' slippers. Plot : A wealthy widower marries a proud and haughty woman as his second wife. She has two daughters, who are equally vain and selfish. The gentleman has a beautiful young daughter, a girl of unparalleled kindness and sweet temper. The man 's daughter is forced into servitude, where she is made to work day and night doing menial chores. After the girl 's chores are done for the day, she curls up near the fireplace in an effort to stay warm. She often arises covered in cinders, giving rise to the mocking nickname `` Cinderella '' by her stepsisters. Cinderella bears the abuse patiently and does not tell her father, who would have scolded her. One day, the Prince invites all the young ladies in the land to a royal ball, planning to choose a wife. The two stepsisters gleefully plan their wardrobes for the ball, and taunt Cinderella by telling her that maids are not invited to the ball. As the sisters depart to the ball, Cinderella cries in despair. Her Fairy Godmother magically appears and immediately begins to transform Cinderella from house servant to the young lady she was by birth, all in the effort to get Cinderella to the ball. She turns a pumpkin into a golden carriage, mice into horses, a rat into a coachman, and lizards into footmen. She then turns Cinderella 's rags into a beautiful jeweled gown, complete with a delicate pair of glass slippers. The Godmother tells her to enjoy the ball, but warns her that she must return before midnight, when the spells will be broken. At the ball, the entire court is entranced by Cinderella, especially the Prince. At this first ball, Cinderella remembers to leave before midnight. Back home, Cinderella graciously thanks her Godmother. She then greets the stepsisters, who had not recognized her earlier, and talk of nothing but the beautiful girl at the ball. Another ball is held the next evening, and Cinderella again attends with her Godmother 's help. The Prince has become even more infatuated, and Cinderella in turn becomes so enchanted by him she loses track of time and leaves only at the final stroke of midnight, losing one of her glass slippers on the steps of the palace in her haste. The Prince chases her, but outside the palace, the guards see only a simple country girl leave. The Prince pockets the slipper and vows to find and marry the girl to whom it belongs. Meanwhile, Cinderella keeps the other slipper, which does not disappear when the spell is broken. The Prince tries the slipper on all the women in the kingdom. When the Prince arrives at Cinderella 's home, the stepsisters try in vain to win him over. Cinderella asks if she may try, but the stepsisters taunt her. Naturally, the slipper fits perfectly, and Cinderella produces the other slipper for good measure. Cinderella 's stepfamily pleads for forgiveness, and Cinderella agrees. Cinderella had hoped her step - family would love her always. Cinderella married the Prince as her stepsisters are married to two handsome gentlemen of the royal court. The first moral of the story is that beauty is a treasure, but graciousness is priceless. Without it, nothing is possible ; with it, one can do anything. However, the second moral of the story mitigates the first one and reveals the criticism that Perrault is aiming at : That `` without doubt it is a great advantage to have intelligence, courage, good breeding, and common sense. These, and similar talents come only from heaven, and it is good to have them. However, even these may fail to bring you success, without the blessing of a godfather or a godmother. '' Aschenputtel, by the Brothers Grimm Alexander Zick illustrated Cinderella with the doves, inspired by the Grimms ' version. Another well - known version was recorded by the German brothers Jacob and Wilhelm Grimm in the 19th century. The tale is called `` Aschenputtel '' ( `` Cinderella '' in English translations ). This version is much more intense than that of Perrault and Disney, in that Cinderella 's father did not die and the stepsisters mutilate their feet to fit in the golden slipper. There is no fairy godmother, but rather help comes from a wishing tree that the heroine planted on her mother 's grave. The stepsisters suffer a terrible punishment for their cruelty. Plot : A plague infests a village, and a wealthy gentleman 's wife lies on her deathbed. She calls for her only daughter, and tells her to remain good and kind, as God would protect her. She then dies and is buried. The child visits her mother 's grave every day to grieve and a year goes by. The gentleman marries another woman with two older daughters from a previous marriage. They have beautiful faces and fair skin, but their hearts are cruel and wicked. The stepsisters steal the girl 's fine clothes and jewels and force her to wear rags. They banish her into the kitchen, and give her the nickname `` Aschenputtel '' ( `` Ashfool '' ). She is forced to do all kinds of hard work from dawn to dusk. The cruel sisters will do nothing but mock her and make her chores harder by creating messes. However, despite all of it, the girl remains good and kind, and will always go to her mother 's grave to cry and pray to God that she will see her circumstances improve. One day the gentleman visits a fair, promising his stepdaughters gifts of luxury. The eldest asks for beautiful dresses, while the younger for pearls and diamonds. His own daughter merely begs for the first twig to knock his hat off on the way. The gentleman goes on his way, and acquires presents for his stepdaughters. While passing a forest he gets a hazel twig, and gives it to his daughter. She plants the twig over her mother 's grave, waters it with her tears and over the years, it grows into a glowing hazel tree. The girl prays under it three times a day, and a white bird always comes to her. She will tell her wishes to the bird, and every time the bird will throw down to her what she has wished for. The king decides to ordain a festival that will last for three days and invites all the beautiful maidens in the land to attend so that the prince can select one of them for his bride. The two sisters are also invited, but when Aschenputtel begs them to allow her to go with them into the celebration, the stepmother refuses because she has no decent dress nor shoes to wear. When the girl insists, the woman throws a dish of lentils into the ashes for her to pick up, guaranteeing her permission to attend the festival, if she can clean up the lentils in two hours. When the girl accomplishes the task in less than an hour with the help of a flock of white doves that came when she sings a certain chant, the stepmother only redoubles the task and throws down even a greater quantity of lentils. When Aschenputtel is able to accomplish it in a greater speed, not wanting to spoil her daughters ' chances, the stepmother hastens away with her husband and daughters to the celebration and leaves the crying stepdaughter behind. The girl retreats to the graveyard and asks to be clothed in silver and gold. The white bird drops a gold and silver gown and silk shoes. She goes to the feast. The prince dances with her all the time, and when sunset comes she asks to leave. The prince escorts her home, but she eludes him and jumps inside the pigeon coop. The father has come home ahead of time and the prince asks him to chop the pigeon coop down, but Aschenputtel has already escaped. The next day, the girl appears in grander apparel. The prince falls in love with her and dances with her for the whole day, and when sunset comes, the prince tries to accompany her home again. However, she climbs a pear tree to escape him. The Prince calls her father who chops down the tree, wondering if it could be Aschenputtel, but Aschenputtel has disappeared. The third day, she appears dressed in the grandest with slippers of gold. Now the prince is determined to keep her, and has the entire stairway smeared with pitch. Aschenputtel loses track of time, and when she runs away one of her golden slippers sticks on that pitch. The prince proclaims that he will marry the maiden whose foot fits the golden slipper. The next morning, the prince goes to Aschenputtel 's house and tries the slipper on the eldest stepsister. The sister was advised by her mother to cut off her toes in order to fit the slipper. While riding with the stepsister, the two doves from Heaven tell the Prince that blood drips from her foot. Appalled by her treachery, he goes back again and tries the slipper on the other stepsister. She cuts off part of her heel in order to get her foot in the slipper, and again the prince is fooled. While riding with her to the king 's castle, the doves alert him again about the blood on her foot. He comes back to inquire about another girl. The gentleman tells him that they keep a kitchen - maid in the house -- omitting to mention that she is his own daughter -- and the prince asks him to let her try on the slipper. Aschenputtel appears after washing herself, and when she puts on the slipper, the prince recognizes her as the stranger with whom he has danced at the ball. In the end, during Aschenputtel 's wedding, as she walks down the aisle with her stepsisters as her bridesmaids, ( they had hoped to worm their way into her favour ), the doves fly down and strike the two stepsisters ' eyes, one in the left and the other in the right. When the wedding comes to an end, and Aschenputtel and her prince march out of the church, the doves fly again, striking the remaining eyes of the two evil sisters blind, a punishment they had to endure for the rest of their lives. Aschenputtel 's relationship with her father in this version is ambiguous ; Perrault 's version states that the absent father is dominated by his second wife, explaining why he does not prevent the abuse of his daughter. However, the father in this tale plays an active role in several scenes, and it is not explained why he tolerates the mistreatment of his child. He also describes Aschenputtel as his `` first wife 's child '' and not his own. Plot variations and alternative tellings Cinderella by Edward Burne - Jones, 1863, Museum of Fine Arts, Boston Villains : In some versions, her father plays an active role in the humiliation of his daughter ; in others, he is secondary to his new wife, Cinderella 's stepmother ; in some versions, especially the popular Disney film, Cinderella 's father has died and Cinderella 's mother has died also. Although many variants of Cinderella feature the wicked stepmother, the defining trait of type 510A is a female persecutor : in Fair, Brown and Trembling and Finette Cendron, the stepmother does not appear at all, and it is the older sisters who confine her to the kitchen. In other fairy tales featuring the ball, she was driven from home by the persecutions of her father, usually because he wished to marry her. Of this type ( 510B ) are Cap O ' Rushes, Catskin, All - Kinds - of - Fur, and Allerleirauh, and she slaves in the kitchen because she found a job there. In Katie Woodencloak, the stepmother drives her from home, and she likewise finds such a job. In La Cenerentola, Gioachino Rossini inverted the sex roles : Cenerentola is oppressed by her stepfather. ( This makes the opera Aarne - Thompson type 510B. ) He also made the economic basis for such hostility unusually clear, in that Don Magnifico wishes to make his own daughters ' dowries larger, to attract a grander match, which is impossible if he must provide a third dowry. Folklorists often interpret the hostility between the stepmother and stepdaughter as just such a competition for resources, but seldom does the tale make it clear. Ball, Ballgown, and Curfew : The number of balls varies, sometimes one, sometimes two, and sometimes three. The fairy godmother is Perrault 's own addition to the tale. The person who aided Cinderella ( Aschenputtel ) in the Grimms 's version is her dead mother. Aschenputtel requests her aid by praying at her grave, on which a tree is growing. Helpful doves roosting in the tree shake down the clothing she needs for the ball. This motif is found in other variants of the tale as well, such as The Cinder Maid, collected by Joseph Jacobs, and the Finnish The Wonderful Birch. Playwright James Lapine incorporated this motif into the Cinderella plotline of the musical Into the Woods. Giambattista Basile 's Cenerentola combined them ; the Cinderella figure, Zezolla, asks her father to commend her to the Dove of Fairies and ask her to send her something, and she receives a tree that will provide her clothing. Other variants have her helped by talking animals, as in Katie Woodencloak, Rushen Coatie, Bawang Putih Bawang Merah, The Story of Tam and Cam, or The Sharp Grey Sheep -- these animals often having some connection with her dead mother ; in The Golden Slipper, a fish aids her after she puts it in water. In `` The Anklet '', it 's a magical alabaster pot the girl purchased with her own money that brings her the gowns and the anklets she wears to the ball. Gioachino Rossini, having agreed to do an opera based on Cinderella if he could omit all magical elements, wrote La Cenerentola, in which she was aided by Alidoro, a philosopher and formerly the Prince 's tutor. The midnight curfew is also absent in many versions ; Cinderella leaves the ball to get home before her stepmother and stepsisters, or she is simply tired. In the Grimms ' version, Aschenputtel slips away when she is tired, hiding on her father 's estate in a tree, and then the pigeon coop, to elude her pursuers ; her father tries to catch her by chopping them down, but she escapes. Furthermore, the gathering need not be a ball ; several variants on Cinderella, such as Katie Woodencloak and The Golden Slipper have her attend church. In the three - ball version, Cinderella keeps a close watch on the time the first two nights and is able to leave without difficulty. However, on the third ( or only ) night, she loses track of the time and must flee the castle before her disguise vanishes. In her haste, she loses a glass slipper which the prince finds -- or else the prince has carefully had her exit tarred, so as to catch her, and the slipper is caught in it. The identifying item : The glass slipper is unique to Charles Perrault 's version and its derivatives ; in other versions of the tale it may be made of other materials ( in the version recorded by the Brothers Grimm, German : Aschenbroedel and Aschenputtel, for instance, it is gold ) and in still other tellings, it is not a slipper but an anklet, a ring, or a bracelet that gives the prince the key to Cinderella 's identity. In Rossini 's opera `` La Cenerentola '' ( `` Cinderella '' ), the slipper is replaced by twin bracelets to prove her identity. In the Finnish variant The Wonderful Birch the prince uses tar to gain something every ball, and so has a ring, a circlet, and a pair of slippers. Interpreters unaware of the value attached to glass in 17th century France and perhaps troubled by sartorial impracticalities, have suggested that Perrault 's `` glass slipper '' ( pantoufle de verre ) had been a `` squirrel fur slipper '' ( pantoufle de vair ) in some unidentified earlier version of the tale, and that Perrault or one of his sources confused the words ; however, most scholars believe the glass slipper was a deliberate piece of poetic invention on Perrault 's part. The 1950 Disney adaptation takes advantage of the slipper being made of glass to add a twist whereby the slipper is shattered just before Cinderella has the chance to try it on, leaving her with only the matching slipper with which to prove her identity. Another interpretation of verre / vair ( glass / fur ) suggested a sexual element -- the Prince was ' trying on ' the ' fur slipper ' ( vagina ) of the maidens in the kingdom, as a ' Droit du seigneur ' right of sexual possession of his subjects. The disguised Cinderella 's ' fur slipper ' was of unique appeal to the Prince who sought her thereafter through sexual congress ( a variety of sources including Joan Gould ). The translation of the story into cultures with different standards of beauty has left the significance of Cinderella 's shoe size unclear, and resulted in the implausibility of Cinderella 's feet being of a unique size for no particular reason. Humorous retellings of the story sometimes use the twist of having the shoes turn out to also fit somebody completely unsuitable, such as an amorous old crone. In Terry Pratchett 's Witches Abroad, the witches accuse another witch of manipulating the events because it was a common shoe size, and she could only ensure that the right woman put it on if she already knew where she was and went straight to her. In `` When the Clock Strikes '' ( from Red As Blood ), Tanith Lee had the sorcerous shoe alter shape whenever a woman tried to put it on, so it would not fit. Cinderella tries on the slipper The Revelation : Cinderella 's stepmother and stepsisters ( in some versions just the stepsisters and, in some other versions, a stepfather and stepsisters ) conspire to win the prince 's hand for one of them. In the German telling, the first stepsister fits into the slipper by cutting off a toe, but the doves in the hazel tree alert the prince to the blood dripping from the slipper, and he returns the false bride to her mother. The second stepsister fits into the slipper by cutting off her heel, but the same doves give her away. In many variants of the tale, the prince is told that Cinderella can not possibly be the one, as she is too dirty and ragged. Often, this is said by the stepmother or stepsisters. In the Grimms ' version, both the stepmother and the father urge it. The prince nevertheless insists on her trying. Cinderella arrives and proves her identity by fitting into the slipper or other item ( in some cases she has kept the other ). The Conclusion : In the German version of the story, the evil stepsisters are punished for their deception by having their eyes pecked out by birds. In other versions, they are forgiven, and made ladies - in - waiting with marriages to lesser lords. In The Thousand Nights and A Night, in a tale called `` The Anklet '', the stepsisters make a comeback by using twelve magical hairpins to turn the bride into a dove on her wedding night. In The Wonderful Birch, the stepmother, a witch, manages to substitute her daughter for the true bride after she has given birth. Such tales continue the fairy tale into what is in effect a second episode. In an episode of Jim Henson 's The Storyteller, writer Anthony Minghella merged the old folk tale Donkeyskin ( also written by Perrault ) with Cinderella to tell the tale of Sapsorrow, a girl both cursed and blessed by destiny. Many popular new works based on the story feature one step - sister who is not as cruel to Cinderella as the other. Examples are the film Ever After, Cinderella 3 and the Broadway revival. Folkloristics Cinderella or Cendrillon in French. Detail from Gustave Doré 's illustration for Cendrillon Folklorists have long studied variants on this tale across cultures. In 1893, Marian Roalfe Cox, commissioned by the Folklore Society of Britain, produced Cinderella : Three Hundred and Forty - Five Variants of Cinderella, Catskin and, Cap o'Rushes, Abstracted and Tabulated with a Discussion of Medieval Analogues and Notes. Further morphology studies have continued on this seminal work. The Aarne -- Thompson - Uther system classifies Cinderella as type 510A, `` Persecuted Heroine ''. Others of this type include The Sharp Grey Sheep ; The Golden Slipper ; The Story of Tam and Cam ; Rushen Coatie ; The Wonderful Birch ; Fair, Brown and Trembling ; and Katie Woodencloak. Translations Massenet 's opera Cendrillon Pantomime at the Adelphi Play media Cinderella ( 1911 ) Language Name Romanisation Afrikaans Aspoestertjie Albanian Hirushja Arabic سندريلا Sinderella Armenian Մոխրոտիկ Mokhrotik Azerbaijani Sindirella Basque Mari Errauskin Belarusian Папялушка Papyalushka Bulgarian Пепеляшка Pepelyashka Argentina La Cenicienta Catalan Ventafocs Burmese စင္ဒရဲလား Chinese 灰 姑娘 Huīgūniang Croatian Pepeljuga Czech Popelka Danish Askepot Dutch Assepoester Estonian Tuhkatriinu Filipino Cinderella Finnish Tuhkimo French Cendrillon Georgian კონკია Konkia German Aschenputtel ( or Aschenbrödel ) Greek Σταχτοπούτα Stachtopoúta Hebrew סינדרלה לכלוכית Sinderelaa / Lichluchit Hindi सिंडिरेल्ला Sindirēllā Hungarian Hamupipőke Icelandic Öskubuska Indonesian Cinderella / Upik Abu Irish Luaithríona Italian Cenerentola Japanese シンデレラ Shinderera Kannada ಸಿಂಡರೆಲ್ಲಾ Siṇḍarellā Korean 신데렐라 Sinderella Lao ຊັງດຣີຢົງ or ຊັງດີຢົງ Sangdriyong Latvian Pelnrušķīte Lithuanian Pelenė Macedonian Пепелашка Pepelashka Malay Bawang merah Mongolian Үнсгэлжин Unsgeljin Norwegian ( bokmål ) Askepott ( originally the name of Askeladden ) Norwegian ( nynorsk ) Oskepott ( originally the name of Oskeladden ) Persian سیندرلا Sinderela Polish Kopciuszek Portuguese Cinderela Romanian Cenușăreasa Russian Золушка Zolushka Scottish Gaelic Critheanach Serbian Пепeљуга Pepeljuga Slovak Popoluška Slovenian Pepelka Soqotri Meḥazelo Spanish Cenicienta Swedish Askungen Tamil சின்டெரெல்லா Ciṉṭerellā Thai ซิ น เด อ เร ล ล่า Cinderella Turkish Külkedisi Ukrainian Попелюшка Popelyushka Vietnamese Lọ Lem West Frisian Jiskepûster See also Folklore portal Children 's literature portal Italy portal France portal Eteriani Cinderella complex Cinderella effect Marriage plot Ye Xian References Notes ^ Jump up to : Zipes, Jack ( 2001 ). The Great Fairy Tale Tradition : From Straparola and Basile to the Brothers Grimm. W.W. Norton & Co. p. 444. ISBN 978 - 0 - 393 - 97636 - 6. ^ Jump up to : Dundes, Alan. Cinderella, a Casebook. Madison, Wis : University of Wisconsin Press, 1988. ^ Jump up to : Roger Lancelyn Green : Tales of Ancient Egypt, Penguin UK, 2011, ISBN 978 - 0 - 14 - 133822 - 4, chapter The Land of Egypt ^ Jump up to : Bottigheimer, Ruth. ( 2008 ). `` Before Contes du temps passe ( 1697 ) : Charles Perrault 's Griselidis, Souhaits and Peau ''. The Romantic Review, Volume 99, Number 3. pp. 175 -- 89 ^ Jump up to : Anderson, Graham ( 2000 ). Fairytale in the Ancient World. New York City, New York and London, England : Routledge. ISBN 978 - 0 - 415 - 23702 - 4. Jump up ^ Hansen, William ( 2017 ). The Book of Greek & Roman Folktales, Legends & Myths. Princeton, New Jersey : Princeton University Press. pp. 86 -- 87. ISBN 9780691170152. Jump up ^ Strabo : `` The Geography '', book 17, 33 Jump up ^ Aelian : `` Various History '', book 13, chapter 33 Jump up ^ Herodot, `` The Histories '', book 2, chapters 134 - 135 Jump up ^ `` Multiple Births in Legend and Folklore ''. www.pitt.edu. Retrieved 2018 - 01 - 15. Jump up ^ See Yan Ma, Shirley ( 2009 ). `` Yexian : The Chinese Cinderella ''. Footbinding : A Jungian Engagement with Chinese Culture and Psychology. New York City, New York and London, England : Routledge. pp. 75 -- 94. ISBN 978 - 0 - 415 - 48506 - 7. ^ Jump up to : Beauchamp, Fay. `` Asian Origins of Cinderella : The Zhuang Storyteller of Guangxi '' ( PDF ). Oral Tradition. 25 ( 2 ) : 447 -- 496. Jump up ^ Ulrich Marzolph, Richard van Leeuwen, Hassan Wassouf ( 2004 ). The Arabian Nights Encyclopedia. ABC - CLIO. p. 4. ISBN 1 - 57607 - 204 - 5. Jump up ^ `` A Cinderella Tale from Vietnam : the Story of Tam and Cam ''. www.furorteutonicus.eu. Retrieved 2017 - 09 - 10. Jump up ^ Basile, Giambattista ( 1911 ). Stories from Pentamerone, London : Macmillan & Co., translated by John Edward Taylor. Chapter 6. See also `` Il Pentamerone : Cenerentola '' Jump up ^ A modern edition of the original French text by Perrault is found in Charles Perrault, Contes, ed. Marc Soriano ( Paris : Flammarion, 1989 ), pp. 274 -- 79. Jump up ^ The annotated classic fairy tales. Tatar, Maria, 1945 - ( 1st ed ed. ). New York : Norton. 2002. ISBN 0393051633. OCLC 49894271. CS1 maint : Extra text ( link ) ^ Jump up to : `` Perrault : Cinderella ; or, The Little Glass Slipper ''. Pitt.edu. 2003 - 10 - 08. Retrieved 2014 - 06 - 17. Jump up ^ Aschenputtel, included in Household Stories by the Brothers Grimm, translated by Lucy Crane, at Project Gutenberg Jump up ^ Heidi Anne Heiner, `` Tales Similar to Donkeyskin '' Jump up ^ Marina Warner, From the Beast to the Blonde : On Fairy Tales And Their Tellers, p 213 - 4 ISBN 0 - 374 - 15901 - 7 Jump up ^ Jane Yolen, p 23, Touch Magic ISBN 0 - 87483 - 591 - 7 Jump up ^ Maria Tatar, The Annotated Brothers Grimm, p 116 W.W. Norton & company, London, New York, 2004 ISBN 0 - 393 - 05848 - 4 Jump up ^ Maria Tatar, p 28, The Annotated Classic Fairy Tales, ISBN 0 - 393 - 05163 - 3 Jump up ^ Maria Tatar, The Annotated Brothers Grimm, p 126 - 8 W.W. Norton & company, London, New York, 2004 ISBN 0 - 393 - 05848 - 4 Jump up ^ Mardrus, Joseph - Charles ; Powys Mathers ( June 1987 ). The book of the Thousand Nights and One Night. 4. London and New York : Routledge. pp. 191 -- 194. ISBN 0 - 415 - 04543 - 6. ^ Jump up to : `` If The Shoe Fits : Folklorists ' criteria for # 510 '' Jump up ^ Heidi Anne Heiner, `` Tales Similar to Cinderella '' External links Wikimedia Commons has media related to Cinderella. Wikisource has original text related to this article : Cinderella Wikisource has the text of the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica article Cinderella. Project Gutenberg compilation, including original Cendrillon Photos and illustrations from early Cinderella stage versions, including one with Ellaline Terriss and one with Phyllis Dare Parallel German - English text of brothers Grimm 's version in ParallelBook format Charles Perrault Works Histoires ou contes du temps passé ( 1697 ) Griselidis ( 1695 ) The Ridiculous Wishes ( 1695 ) Donkeyskin ( 1695 ) Cinderella ( 1697 ) Little Red Riding Hood ( 1697 ) Sleeping Beauty ( 1697 ) Puss in Boots ( 1697 ) Bluebeard ( 1697 ) Diamonds and Toads ( 1697 ) Riquet with the Tuft ( 1697 ) Hop - o ' - My - Thumb ( 1697 ) Related Marie - Jeanne L'Héritier Brothers Grimm The Brothers Grimm Key articles Jacob Grimm Wilhelm Grimm Grimms ' Fairy Tales Deutsche Sagen Deutsche Mythologie Notable tales `` Bearskin '' `` The Brave Little Tailor '' `` Brother and Sister '' `` Cat and Mouse in Partnership '' `` Cinderella '' `` The Devil with the Three Golden Hairs '' `` The Dog and the Sparrow '' `` The Elves and the Shoemaker '' `` The Four Skillful Brothers '' `` The Frog Prince '' `` The Fisherman and His Wife '' `` The Golden Bird '' `` The Golden Goose '' `` The Goose Girl '' `` The Goose - Girl at the Well '' `` Hans My Hedgehog '' `` Hansel and Gretel '' `` The Hut in the Forest '' `` Jorinde and Joringel '' `` The Juniper Tree '' `` The King of the Golden Mountain '' `` King Thrushbeard '' `` Little Red Riding Hood '' `` Mary 's Child '' `` Mother Holle '' `` Old Hildebrand '' `` Old Sultan '' `` The Queen Bee '' `` Rapunzel '' `` The Riddle '' Rumpelstiltskin `` The Seven Ravens '' `` The Six Servants '' `` The Six Swans '' `` Sleeping Beauty '' `` Snow White '' `` Snow - White and Rose - Red '' `` The Story of the Youth Who Went Forth to Learn What Fear Was '' `` The Three Little Men in the Wood '' `` The Three Spinners '' `` Thumbling '' `` Town Musicians of Bremen '' `` Trusty John '' `` The Turnip '' `` The Twelve Brothers '' `` The Twelve Dancing Princesses '' The White Snake `` The Wolf and the Seven Young Goats '' `` The Wonderful Musician '' Other Grimm 's law Göttingen Seven Grim Tales The Wonderful World of the Brothers Grimm Grimm 's Fairy Tale Classics The Brothers Grimm Grimm Tales The Sisters Grimm Fairy tale American McGee 's Grimm German Fairy Tale Route Grimm Once Upon a Time Cinderella by Charles Perrault and the Brothers Grimm Characters Buttons Cinderella Ugly sisters Fairy godmother Wicked stepmother Prince Charming Films Cinderella ( 1899 ) Cinderella or the Glass Slipper ( 1912 ) Cinderella ( 1914 ) A Lowland Cinderella ( 1921 ) A Kiss for Cinderella ( 1925 film ) Ella Cinders ( 1926 ) The Magic Shoes ( 1935 ) First Love ( 1939 ) Cinderella ( 1947 ) The Glass Slipper ( 1955 ) Cinderella ( 1955 ) Cinderfella ( 1960 ) Stop ! Look ! and Laugh ( 1960 ) More Than a Miracle ( 1967 ) Tři oříšky pro Popelku ( 1973 ) The Slipper and the Rose ( 1976 ) Cinderella ( 1979 ) Cinderella ' 80 ( 1984 ) Maid to Order ( 1987 ) If the Shoe Fits ( 1990 ) Ever After ( 1998 ) Ella Enchanted ( 2004 ) Cinderella ( 2006 ) Elle : A Modern Cinderella Tale ( 2010 ) Cinderella ( 2015 ) A Cinderella Story series A Cinderella Story ( 2004 ) Another Cinderella Story ( 2008 ) Once Upon a Song ( 2011 ) If the Shoe Fits ( 2016 ) Animation Cinderella Blues ( 1931 ) Poor Cinderella ( 1934 ) Cinderella Meets Fella ( 1938 ) Swing Shift Cinderella ( 1945 ) Cinderella ( 1950 ) Señorella and the Glass Huarache ( 1964 ) Cinderella ( 1979 ) The Tender Tale of Cinderella Penguin ( 1981 ) The Magic Riddle ( 1991 ) Cinderella ( 1994 ) Happily N'Ever After ( 2007 ) Year of the Fish ( 2008 ) Cinderella the Cat ( 2017 ) Charming ( 2018 ) Sequels Princess Cinderella ( 1941 ) Cinderella II : Dreams Come True ( 2002 ) Cinderella III : A Twist in Time ( 2007 ) Television Hey, Cinderella ! ( 1968 ) Cindy ( 1978 ) Cinderella Monogatari ( 1996 ) Cinderella ( 1997 ) CinderElmo ( 1999 ) Cinderella ( 2000 ) La Cenicienta ( 2003 ) Bawang Merah Bawang Putih ( 2004 ) Floricienta ( 2004 ) Floribella ( 2005 Brazil ) Floribella ( 2006 Portugal ) Grazilda ( 2010 ) Rags ( 2012 ) Aik Nayee Cinderella ( 2012 ) Literary adaptations Celestina ( 1791 ) Cinderella, or the Little Glass Slipper ( 1954 ) Nine Coaches Waiting ( 1958 ) Carrie ( 1974 ) The Coachman Rat ( 1989 ) Witches Abroad ( 1991 ) Ella Enchanted ( 1997 ) I Was a Rat ! or The Scarlet Slippers ( 1999 ) Just Ella ( 1999 ) Confessions of an Ugly Stepsister ( 1999 ) Chinese Cinderella ( 1999 ) The Fairy Godmother ( 2004 ) Phoenix and Ashes ( 2004 ) Bella at Midnight ( 2006 ) Ash ( 2009 ) Princess of Glass ( 2010 ) Cinder ( 2012 ) Opera Cendrillon ( 1810 Isouard ) La Cenerentola ( 1817 Rossini ) Cendrillon ( 1899 Massenet ) Cendrillon ( 1904 Viardot ) La Cenicienta ( 1966 Hen ) Ballet Cinderella ( 1893 Fitinhof - Schell ) Aschenbrödel ( 1900 Strauss - Bayer ) Cinderella ( 1945 Prokofiev ) Cinderella ( 1948 Ashton ) Musicals Cinderella and the Prince, or The Castle of Heart 's Desire ( 1904 ) Stubborn Cinderella ( 1909 ) Mr. Cinders ( 1929 ) Cinderella ( 1957 ) Cindy ( 1964 ) The Penny Friend ( 1966 ) The Slipper and the Rose ( 1984 ) Soho Cinders ( 2008 ) Cinderella ( 2013 ) Other Plays A Kiss for Cinderella ( 1916 ) Comics Cinderella : From Fabletown with Love Cinderalla Games Cinders Songs `` Spread a Little Happiness '' ( 1929 ) `` Bibbidi - Bobbidi - Boo '' ( 1949 ) `` A Dream Is a Wish Your Heart Makes '' ( 1950 ) `` Cinderella '' ( 1987 ) `` Hey Cinderella '' ( 1993 ) `` It 's Midnight Cinderella '' ( 1996 ) `` Cinderella '' ( 2001 ) `` Cinderella '' ( 2002 ) `` Cinderella '' ( 2003 ) `` Stealing Cinderella '' ( 2007 ) `` Cinderella '' ( 2007 ) `` C C ( Cinderella Complex ) '' ( 2008 ) Albums A Cinderella Story ( 2004 soundtrack ) Disney 's Princess Favorites ( 2002 ) Sociology Cinderella complex Cinderella effect The Cinderella Movement Commercials A Coach for Cinderella A Ride for Cinderella Adult Cinder Ellen up too Late Cinderella ( 1977 ) Naughty Cinderella National variation Bawang Merah Bawang Putih ( Malay and Indonesian ) Beauty and Pock Face ( Chinese ) Chūjō - hime ( Japanese ) Fair, Brown and Trembling ( Irish ) Finette Cendron ( French ) The Green Knight ( Danish ) Katie Woodencloak ( Norwegian ) Kongji and Patzzi ( Korean ) Ochikubo Monogatari ( Japanese ) `` Rhodopis '' ( Greek ) Rushen Coatie ( Scottish ) The Sharp Grey Sheep ( Scottish ) The Story of Tam and Cam ( Vietnamese ) Sumiyoshi Monogatari ( Japanese ) The True Bride ( German ) The Wonderful Birch ( Russian ) Ye Xian ( Chinese ) Related Catskin Into the Woods Into the Woods ( 2014 film ) Politically Correct Bedtime Stories Disney 's characters Stop ! Look ! and Laugh Waltz Suite Black Cinderella Two Goes East Cinderella Monogatari Cinderella 's Sister Cinderella ( sports ) Lying to Be Perfect Cinderella 's Eyes ( 2011 ) Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cinderella&oldid=842970880 '' Categories : Cinderella Grimms ' Fairy Tales Works by Charles Perrault Fairies and sprites in popular culture Fictional princesses Fictional orphans Female characters in fairy tales European fairy tales European folklore characters Love stories Romance characters Hidden categories : CS1 maint : Extra text Articles containing Italian - language text Articles containing French - language text Articles containing Polish - language text Articles containing German - language text Articles containing Russian - language text Articles containing Dutch - language text Articles containing Spanish - language text Articles containing Afrikaans - language text Articles containing Albanian - language text Articles containing Arabic - language text Articles containing Armenian - language text Articles containing Azerbaijani - language text Articles containing Basque - language text Articles containing Belarusian - language text Articles containing Bulgarian - language text Articles containing Catalan - language text Articles containing Chinese - language text Articles containing Croatian - language text Articles containing Czech - language text Articles containing Danish - language text Articles containing Estonian - language text Articles containing Filipino - language text Articles containing Finnish - language text Articles containing Georgian - language text Articles containing Greek - language text Articles containing Hebrew - language text Articles containing Hindi - language text Articles containing Hungarian - language text Articles containing Icelandic - language text Articles containing Indonesian - language text Articles containing Irish - language text Articles containing Japanese - language text Articles containing Korean - language text Articles containing Lao - language text Articles containing Latvian - language text Articles containing Lithuanian - language text Articles containing Macedonian - language text Articles containing Standard Malay - language text Articles containing Mongolian - language text Articles containing Bokmål - language text Articles containing Nynorsk - language text Articles containing Persian - language text Articles containing Portuguese - language text Articles containing Romanian - language text Articles containing Scottish Gaelic - language text Articles containing Serbian - language text Articles containing Slovak - language text Articles containing Slovene - language text Articles containing Swedish - language text Articles containing Tamil - language text Articles containing Thai - language text Articles containing Turkish - language text Articles containing Ukrainian - language text Articles containing Vietnamese - language text Articles containing West Frisian - language text Articles containing video clips Talk Contents About Wikipedia Wikisource Aragonés Asturianu Bân - lâm - gú Беларуская ( тарашкевіца ) ‎ Български Brezhoneg Català Čeština Dansk Deutsch Eesti Ελληνικά Español Esperanto Euskara فارسی Føroyskt Français Frysk Gaeilge Galego ગુજરાતી 한국어 Հայերեն हिन्दी Hrvatski Bahasa Indonesia Italiano עברית Basa Jawa ລາວ Latina Latviešu Lietuvių Lumbaart Magyar Македонски Bahasa Melayu မြန်မာဘာသာ Nederlands 日本 語 Norsk ਪੰਜਾਬੀ Polski Português Română Русский Sardu Scots Simple English Slovenščina Српски / srpski Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски Suomi Svenska தமிழ் Taqbaylit Татарча / tatarça ไทย Türkçe Українська Tiếng Việt Walon 文言 粵語 中文 Lingua Franca Nova 59 more Edit links This page was last edited on 25 May 2018, at 23 : 09. 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Question: when was cinderella written by the grimm brothers
Answer: 1812