Eligibility for the NBA draft - wikipedia Eligibility for the NBA draft The NBA draft is an annual event in which the 30 franchises in the National Basketball Association select new players for their teams. Eligibility rules for prospective players have changed several times during the history of the league. No player may sign with the NBA until they are 19 years or older. The rule has produced one - and - done players that play college basketball for one year before declaring for the draft. Contents 1 Early history 2 Haywood v. NBA 3 Later history 3.1 Automatic eligibility 3.2 `` Early entry '' player 3.3 Definition of international players 3.4 Reaction of high school players 3.5 Changes for college underclassmen in 2016 4 Notes and references Early history In the earliest days of the NBA, three players entered the NBA without having played in college ( although one of them did not enter the league until he was 39 years old ). However, the league eventually established a rule that `` a player could not make himself available '' for the draft until two years after his high school graduation. Haywood v. NBA Main article : Haywood v. National Basketball Association The first major challenge to the NBA 's eligibility rules came from Spencer Haywood. He graduated from high school in 1968, at a time when college freshmen were not allowed to play varsity sports for NCAA member schools. He played three years at a Colorado junior college, followed by a season at the University of Detroit. After the 1970 -- 71 season, he left college for the NBA 's rival at the time, the ABA, which had no rule restricting college underclassmen from entering the league, and had a spectacularly successful rookie season with the Denver Rockets ( the predecessor to today 's Denver Nuggets ), being named the ABA 's Rookie of the Year and MVP. Near the end of the season, he turned 21 ; shortly after its end, he repudiated his contract with the Rockets, claiming he had been defrauded. Haywood then signed a contract with the Seattle SuperSonics ( later relocated to become the Oklahoma City Thunder ), which put him and the Sonics on a collision course with the NBA, as he was only three years removed from his high school graduation. The NBA threatened to disallow the contract and impose sanctions against the Sonics. Haywood responded by filing an antitrust suit against the league, seeking an injunction to prevent the NBA from disallowing the contract or punishing the Sonics. The case eventually reached the U.S. Supreme Court, which issued a 7 -- 2 decision in Haywood 's favor in 1971. After the decision, the NBA allowed players to leave college early as `` hardship cases '', which essentially meant that the player had to prove financial hardship. This rule quickly developed into one that was observed in the breach, with Sport magazine writer Jackie Lapin commenting in the 1970s that `` Almost anyone who has been any good at the game in the past decade would qualify ( as a hardship case ) -- with the probable exception of Bill Bradley, the banker 's son. '' Later history See also : NBA high school draftees As a consequence of the aforementioned Haywood decision, and following soon after, three high schoolers chose to enter the professional ranks without ever enrolling in a college. The first was Moses Malone, who went to the ABA upon his high school graduation in 1974, almost immediately establishing himself as a star of the future. After the ABA -- NBA merger in 1976, his career continued on its upward trajectory, ultimately earning him three NBA MVP awards, four appearances on the All - NBA First Team, 12 consecutive NBA All - Star Game appearances, an NBA title, a place among the 50 Greatest Players in NBA History, and enshrinement in the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame. In 1975, Darryl Dawkins and Bill Willoughby both went to the NBA from high school. Dawkins had a solid 14 - year career in the NBA, while Willoughby was no more than a journeyman in eight NBA seasons. These players were greatly outnumbered by college underclassmen who chose to leave early for the NBA. While underclass draftees are too numerous to list, it can be noted that among the aforementioned 50 Greatest Players, 10 ( not including Malone ) left college early for the NBA. After Dawkins and Willoughby, no high school player went directly to the NBA for 20 years, although Lloyd Daniels and Shawn Kemp went to the NBA without having played college basketball ( both had enrolled in college, but never played ). That would change in 1995 with the arrival of future NBA MVP Kevin Garnett, who was selected fifth overall. The following year, another future MVP in Kobe Bryant and a future All - Star in Jermaine O'Neal were first - round picks out of high school. Most years after that saw at least one, and often more, high schoolers drafted, most notably Tracy McGrady ( 1997 ), Kwame Brown ( the first high schooler to be the # 1 overall pick, in 2001 ), Amar'e Stoudemire ( 2002 ), LeBron James ( # 1 in 2003 ), and Dwight Howard ( # 1 in 2004 ). However, the influx of high schoolers caused considerable controversy. When the NBA and its players union negotiated a new Collective Bargaining Agreement ( CBA ) in 2005, NBA Commissioner David Stern publicly called for a higher age limit of 20, stating that he wanted the league 's scouts and general managers out of high school gyms and that too many young urban Americans incorrectly saw the NBA as a sure path to fame and financial security. Most of the players were opposed to an age limit ; Jermaine O'Neal was perhaps the most strident critic, accusing the NBA of racism. Ultimately, the union reluctantly agreed to an age limit of 19, accepting it in exchange for tweaks to salary cap rules that were favorable to the players ' interests. The current eligibility rules were established under the NBA 's 2005 collective bargaining agreement ( CBA ), which expired in 2011, resulting in a lockout. The previous CBA, approved in December 2011, made no changes to the draft rules, but called for the NBA and its players union to form a committee to discuss draft - related issues. In 2016, the NBA and NBA Players Association met to work on a new CBA, which both sides approved in December of that year. This most recent agreement started with the 2017 -- 18 season and will run through 2023 -- 24, with a mutual opt - out after 2022 -- 23. The basic rules that started in the 2006 draft are : All drafted players must be at least 19 years old during the calendar year of the draft. To determine whether a player is eligible for a given year 's draft, subtract 19 from the year of the draft. If the player was born during or before that year, he is eligible. Any player who is not an `` international player '', as defined in the CBA, must be at least one year removed from the graduation of his high school class. The `` one year out of high school '' requirement is in addition to the age requirement. For example, although O.J. Mayo turned 19 in November 2006, six months before his high school graduation, he was not eligible until the 2008 draft, a year after his high school class graduated. Stern stated the rules were business - related and not a `` social program '', citing the need to see players perform against higher competition before they are evaluated for valuable draft picks. The rule effectively mandated that players spend at least one year in college. High school players who would otherwise have jumped directly into the NBA were instead playing in college for the required year before leaving and entering the draft -- a phenomenon known as one and done. Some colleges have embraced this rule to their advantage, notably the University of Kentucky, among others. Many of their players have played the one mandatory year, leaving after their freshman season to enter the draft. The NBA G League ( formerly Development League ) is one alternative to college. Players can earn five - figure salaries, but the level of competition is possibly lower than in the Division I level in college. Some players, most notably Brandon Jennings, have also played overseas in lieu of college. However, in recent years, other players like Satnam Singh, Thon Maker, and Matur Maker have looked to enter the NBA draft while still being high schoolers by exploiting a loophole where they enter the draft as high school postgraduates. In April 2018, a report from the Commission on College Basketball was released. It recommended, among its findings, the abolishment of the `` one - and - done '' rule, thus high school players can be directly eligible for the draft again. The NBA notified its member teams in a memorandum that the earliest possible draft without the one - year rule ( not named in the memo ), among eligibilty changes, can be in 2021. Automatic eligibility Players whose 19th birthday falls during or before the calendar year of the draft, or at least one year removed from the graduation of their high school class, and who do not meet the criteria for `` international '' players are automatically eligible if they meet any of the following criteria : They have completed four years of their college eligibility. If they graduated from high school in the U.S., but did not enroll in a U.S. college or university, four years have passed since their high school class graduated. They have signed a contract with a professional basketball team outside the NBA, anywhere in the world, and have played under that contract. They also must be released from their contract before they can leave college to go to the NBA Those who have reached the minimum eligibility age of 19 and meet the criteria for `` international '' players are automatically eligible if they meet any of the following criteria : They are at least 22 during the calendar year of the draft. They have signed a contract with a professional basketball team outside the NBA within the United States, and have played under that contract. `` Early entry '' player Players who are not automatically eligible but wish to be drafted must declare their eligibility no later than 60 days before the draft. After this date, `` early entry '' players may attend NBA pre-draft camps and individual team workouts to show off their skills and obtain feedback regarding their draft positions. Under the CBA, a player may withdraw his name from consideration from the draft at any time before the final declaration date, which is 10 days before the draft. However, the NCAA adopted a rule that took effect in August 2009 that requires players at its member institutions to withdraw no later than May 8 to retain their college eligibility ; the first draft affected by this rule was the 2010 draft. In 2011, the NCAA shortened its timeline for players to withdraw and retain eligibility to one day before the start of the spring signing period for men 's basketball, which occurs in April. The NCAA changed its withdrawal rule again in 2016, effective with that year 's draft ; its withdrawal deadline is now in late May, specifically 10 days after the final day of the annual NBA Draft Combine. A player who declares for the draft will lose his college eligibility, even if he is not drafted, if he signs with any agent. Before 2016, the NCAA only allowed a player to enter the draft once without losing eligibility, but current NCAA rules now allow players to declare for and withdraw from multiple drafts while retaining college eligibility. The CBA allows a player to withdraw twice. Definition of international players The CBA defines `` international players '' for draft purposes as those who meet all of the following criteria : Permanently reside outside the U.S. for at least three years before the draft while playing basketball outside the U.S. Have never enrolled in a U.S. college or university. Did not complete high school in the U.S. Note that this definition is very different from what the NBA uses in listing `` international players '' on its team rosters. For that purpose, the league defines an `` international player '' specifically as one born outside the 50 United States or the District of Columbia, even if that player 's parent is a natural - born American. Reaction of high school players This section needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. ( April 2018 ) In the third annual High School Hoops magazine, the players weighed in on the subject of the new rules regarding draft eligibility. Many of them felt that it was unfair. Kansas State freshman Bill Walker, said ( as a junior in high school ), `` I 'm against it. I do n't see why you have to be 19 to play a game of basketball when you can be 18 and go to war for our country and die. It 's ridiculous. '' Jerryd Bayless said `` It 's not fair at all. If a tennis player can go pro at 13, I do n't understand why a basketball player ca n't go pro at 18. '' A possible number one pick out of high school, had the rule not been put in place, was Greg Oden ( though he was still picked first in 2007 ). When asked about the agreement he said `` It 's unfair, but it 's over with now, so there 's no reason to complain. '' In spite of the claims that the rule is unfair, Wayne Ellington of North Carolina, said that ``... I also think it 's going to help the league a little bit. Some guys who come in, like from this year 's draft, it will help. '' Brandan Wright said that `` It may hurt guys who need money, but it will help people grow and develop. '' On the specific topic of Oden entering the draft, Jack Keefer, Oden 's high school coach at Lawrence North, Indiana, said, `` I really think he thought he was going to college. He seems to be more at ease with himself right now. I think the stress came with worrying about the NBA. '' While a lot of high school players just accepted that this is just how it is, some object to this rule. They said that it puts excess stress on them because they start being recruited in their junior year of high school. If they have a bad season it could ruin their chances to get into college and therefore into the NBA. It can also be stressful picking a college to play at, which can be unneeded stress if a player decides to leave after only one year. Changes for college underclassmen in 2016 In March 2015, following a series of meetings that began at the 2014 men 's Final Four, the NBA, NCAA, and the trade association for college men 's coaches, the National Association of Basketball Coaches ( NABC ), announced a plan that would give college underclassmen a better opportunity to make an informed decision about their NBA status than the then - current system. Under this plan : The NCAA would no longer automatically treat entry into the draft as forfeiture of remaining college eligibility. Instead, it would allow underclassmen to withdraw from the draft in late May, about five weeks after the then - current deadline, and retain their remaining eligibility ( as long as they do not sign with an agent or a professional basketball team in the meantime ). The NBA 's early - entry and withdrawal deadlines, respectively 60 days and 10 days before the draft, would not change because they are written into the league 's collective bargaining agreement. The NBA would expand its invitation - only draft combine, currently held in Chicago, to include players with remaining college eligibility ( who would also have to be invited in order to attend ). The stated purpose of this expansion was to allow underclassmen to receive feedback from NBA teams on their draft prospects. According to one NCAA executive, the expanded combine would involve from 20 to 30 % more players than the approximately 70 who participated at that time. The NCAA rule change was formally presented by the NCAA men 's basketball oversight committee on June 24, 2015, and was approved by the NCAA Division I council on January 13, 2016. The new rule, which took effect with the 2016 draft, specifically sets the new withdrawal date at 10 days after the end of the NBA draft combine. Additionally, players may declare for the draft multiple times without losing college eligibility, as long as they withdraw before the new deadline without hiring an agent or signing a professional basketball contract, and are now allowed to attend the draft combine and one tryout per year for each NBA team without losing college eligibility. However, it has been stated that current commissioner Adam Silver has been working to change this rule and meeting with NCAA officials to make the changes for the betterment of the NBA and NCAA basketball players, teams, and coaches alike. Notes and references Jump up ^ `` Article X : PLAYER ELIGIBILITY AND NBA DRAFT '' ( PDF ). nbpa.com. January 19, 2017. p. 273. Section 1a. CS1 maint : Date and year ( link ) Jump up ^ One later player, Reggie Harding, would be drafted in 1962 despite never enrolling in a college and being less than four years out of high school. However, he did not enter the league until 1963, after he had turned 21. Jump up ^ Friedman, David. `` Chocolate Thunder and Short Shorts : The NBA in the 1970s ( excerpt ) ''. Basketball in America : From the Playgrounds to Jordan 's Game and Beyond. Archived from the original on September 8, 2008. Jump up ^ Charles Barkley, Clyde Drexler, Julius Erving, George Gervin, Magic Johnson, Michael Jordan, Hakeem Olajuwon, Shaquille O'Neal, Isiah Thomas, and James Worthy. Jump up ^ Sheridan, Chris, Associated Press ( May 12, 2005 ). `` Hunter still opposed to raising NBA age limit ''. USA Today. Retrieved November 14, 2008. CS1 maint : Multiple names : authors list ( link ) ^ Jump up to : Aschburner, Steve ( April 7, 2008 ). `` Inside the NBA : NBA, NCAA are both wrong in debate about age limit ''. SportsIllustrated.com. Retrieved November 14, 2008. Jump up ^ `` Stern wants NBA age limit raised to 20 ''. ESPN.com. April 13, 2005. Retrieved November 14, 2008. Jump up ^ Zillgit, Jeff ( December 7, 2011 ). `` Hunter 's memo to players details NBA CBA ''. USA Today. Retrieved December 12, 2011. ^ Jump up to : `` David Stern wants change to age rule ''. ESPN.com. Associated Press. April 12, 2012. Archived from the original on April 4, 2012. Jump up ^ Wojnarowski, Adrian ( October 24, 2016 ). `` CBA could extend seven years with a mutual opt - out in six years ''. Retrieved December 26, 2017. Jump up ^ `` NBA, players ratify new collective bargaining agreement '' ( Press release ). NBA. December 23, 2016. Retrieved December 26, 2017. ^ Jump up to : `` Article X, Section 1 ( b ) ( i ) '' ( PDF ). 2017 NBA Collective Bargaining Agreement. National Basketball Players Association. January 19, 2017. Retrieved April 26, 2017. ^ Jump up to : Macur, Juliet ( April 25, 2014 ). `` Given a Choice, Athletes May Prefer None and Done ''. The New York Times. Archived from the original on March 19, 2015. Jump up ^ Armstrong, Kevin ( December 31, 2009 ). `` Short Stays That Produced Lasting Results ''. The New York Times. Archived from the original on March 19, 2015. Jump up ^ Medcalf, Myron ( July 26, 2012 ). `` Roots of one - and - done rule run deep ''. ESPN.com. Archived from the original on March 19, 2015. Jump up ^ Rutherford, Mike ( April 25, 2018 ). `` Commission on College Basketball recommends abolishing one - and - done rule, taking control of AAU ''. SBNation. Vox Media. Jump up ^ Lowe, Zach ( June 15, 2018 ). `` Memo : NBA draft eligibility could shift by 2021 ''. ABC News. Jump up ^ `` Adam Silver says Draft eligibility age likely to be changed ''. NBA.com. Associated Press. July 10, 2018. Jump up ^ `` Article X, Section 1 ( b ) ( ii ) '' ( PDF ). 2017 NBA Collective Bargaining Agreement. National Basketball Players Association. January 19, 2017. Retrieved December 26, 2017. Jump up ^ `` Article X, Section 1 ( b ) ( ii ) ( G ) ( 1 ) '' ( PDF ). 2017 NBA Collective Bargaining Agreement. National Basketball Players Association. January 19, 2017. Retrieved December 26, 2017. Jump up ^ `` Article X, Section 1 ( b ) ( ii ) ( G ) ( 2 ) '' ( PDF ). 2017 NBA Collective Bargaining Agreement. National Basketball Players Association. January 19, 2017. Retrieved December 26, 2017. Jump up ^ `` Article X, Section 1 ( b ) ( ii ) ( F ) '' ( PDF ). 2017 NBA Collective Bargaining Agreement. National Basketball Players Association. Retrieved December 26, 2017. ^ Jump up to : `` Article X, Section 8 ( c ) '' ( PDF ). 2017 NBA Collective Bargaining Agreement. National Basketball Players Association. Retrieved December 26, 2017. Jump up ^ Brennan, Eamonn ( April 29, 2011 ). `` The new NBA draft deadline is ridiculous ''. ESPN.com. Retrieved April 10, 2013. ^ Jump up to : `` Bylaw 12.2. 4.2. 1.1 Exception -- Basketball -- Four - Year College Student - Athlete, Men 's Basketball '' ( PDF ). 2010 -- 11 NCAA Division I Manual. NCAA. p. 72. Retrieved February 2, 2011. ^ Jump up to : Goodman, Jeff ( January 13, 2016 ). `` College players given extra time to mull NBA draft decision ''. ESPN.com. Retrieved January 13, 2016. Jump up ^ `` Bylaw 12.3. 1 Use of Agents '' ( PDF ). 2010 -- 11 NCAA Division I Manual. NCAA. p. 73. Retrieved February 2, 2011. Jump up ^ `` Article X, Section 1 ( c ) '' ( PDF ). 2017 NBA Collective Bargaining Agreement. National Basketball Players Association. January 19, 2017. Retrieved December 26, 2017. Jump up ^ Bodenburg, Rob, Ryan Canner - O'mealy, Jon Mahoney, and Ben Sylvan. `` Scouting the Nation. '' High School Hoops 2005 : 16 - 17. Jump up ^ Mahoney, Jon. `` Next Question ? '' High School Hoops 2005 : 38 - 39. Jump up ^ Katz, Andy ( March 12, 2015 ). `` Plan would move withdrawal date ''. ESPN.com. Retrieved May 7, 2015. Jump up ^ Wojnarowski, Adrian. `` Adam Silver, NBPA chief talk one - and - done rule with new commission ''. ESPN. ESPN.com. Retrieved December 11, 2017. NBA drafts Draft lottery Draft Combine Eligibility Territorial picks First overall picks High school draftees Undrafted players Supreme Court case WNBA draft 1976 ABA Dispersal Draft 1940s 1947 1948 1949 1950s 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1957 1958 1959 1960s 1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970s 1970 1971 1972 1973 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980s 1980 1981 1982 1984 1985 1986 1988 1989 1990s 1997 1998 1999 2000s 2000 2001 2002 2003 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010s 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 Expansion drafts 1961 1966 1967 1968 1970 1980 1988 1989 1995 Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Eligibility_for_the_NBA_draft&oldid=855020837 '' Categories : National Basketball Association draft Hidden categories : CS1 maint : Date and year CS1 maint : Multiple names : authors list Articles needing additional references from April 2018 All articles needing additional references Talk Contents About Wikipedia Polski Edit links This page was last edited on 15 August 2018, at 11 : 21 ( UTC ). 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Question: when does a player have to declare for the nba draft
Answer: no later than 60 days before the draft