Industrial Revolution in the United States - wikipedia Industrial Revolution in the United States The Industrial Revolution involved a shift in the United States from manual labor - based industry to more technical and machine - based manufacturing which greatly increased the overall production and economic growth of the United States, signifying a shift from an agrarian to an industrial economy widely accepted to have been a result of Samuel Slater 's introduction of British Industrial methods in textile manufacturing to the United States, and necessitated by the War of 1812. Samuel Slater - `` Father of the American Industrial Revolution '' Contents 1 Origins 2 The First Industrial Revolution 3 Effects of the First Industrial Revolution 4 See also 5 References Origins See also : Economic History of the United States and Samuel Slater As Western Europe began industrializing in the late 1700s and early 1800s, the United States remained agrarian in nature and resource processing in its few semi-industrial pursuits, however, as demand for U.S. resources increased, canals and railroads became extremely important to economic growth due to sparse population particularly in areas where resources were rich such as in the Western frontier. This made it necessary for the U.S. to expand its technological capabilities, which led to an Industrial Revolution reaching American shores as entrepreneurs competed and learned from each other to develop better technology, fundamentally and permanently altering the U.S. economy, thrusting it into the new age of industrialization. The `` Father of the American Industrial Revolution '', Samuel Slater, was born in Belper, Derbyshire, England on June 9, 1768, and began working at a cotton mill from age 10. He learned that Americans were interested in the Industrial Revolution 's new techniques, but since exporting such designs were illegal in England, he memorized as much as he could and departed for New York in 1789 illegally. Moses Brown, a leading Rhode Island industrialist, attempted to operate a mill with a 32 - spindle frame in Pawtucket, but he could n't. It was at that time that Slater offered his services, promising to replicate British designs for Brown and, after an initial investment by Brown to Slater to fulfill initial requirements, the mill successfully opened in 1793 being the first water - powered roller spinning textile mill in the Americas. By 1800, Slater 's mill had been duplicated by many other entrepreneurs as Slater grew wealthier and his techniques more and more popular, which brought him the name `` Father of the American Industrial Revolution '' by Andrew Jackson in the U.S., but also the name `` Slater the Traitor '' by many in Great Britain who felt he betrayed them to the Americans. The First Industrial Revolution Boston Manufacturing Company, Waltham, Massachusetts. See also : Results of the War of 1812, Industrialisation, and Lowell System Famed Merchant Francis Cabot Lowell memorized the designs of British textile machines in 1810 and realized that, during the War of 1812, demand for domestic finished cloth increased as imports were drastically cut through embargoes. When he returned to the United States, he set up the Boston Manufacturing Company, which employed the famed Lowell system as a response to poor working conditions in England, initially employing many women. His company was massively successful and extremely productive, especially because his competitors continued to use labor - intensive methods while he employed the mechanized spinning jenny and the water frame. The systems developed by the Boston Manufacturing Company and Lowell himself, such as vertical integration and mass production, found replicas across the country as the United States began to recognize the need for economic independence and industrial development in the wake of the Embargo Act of 1807, which highlighted the country 's long - term reliance on the British Empire for trade in important refined resources. Since it became clear the U.S. had relied too heavily on foreign refinement of resources, entrepreneurs such as Oliver Evans, Robert Fulton, and Matthias W. Baldwin capitalized on this mostly new industry and mechanized refinement and transportation, thereby drastically increasing the economic independence of the United States for resource refinement and fueling the war effort against Britain. The Financial Sector also saw increased support during the war, once the charter of the First Bank of the United States ' charter expired in 1811, it became clear that the U.S. Government would have trouble financing the war without it, which lead to the ultimate renewal of the bank by President James Madison in 1816. There were 3 separate incidents of financial downturn in the early 19th century : the Embargo Act of 1807, the Depression of 1818 - 21 and the Panic of 1837, each requiring the financial sector to employ new strategies to deal with large - scale financial downturn never before seen in the United States in the fashion presented during that period. Effects of the First Industrial Revolution See also : Second Industrial Revolution and Technological and industrial history of the United States The Industrial Revolution permanently altered the U.S. economy and set the stage for the United States to dominate technological change and growth in the Second Industrial Revolution in its Gilded Age. The American System ( economic plan ) gave way to new economic thought such as the classical school of economics which assisted in the growth of trade and commerce, but this time with the U.S. as a much larger exporter than importer, which would continue until the late Cold War era with the drastic increase in imports from China. The Industrial Revolution also saw a decrease in the rampancy of labor shortages which characterized the U.S. economy in the late 18th and early 19th centuries. This was because there was a `` transportation revolution '' that happened in the same period, which was massively important due to the sheer size and low population density of the U.S. at the time, connecting population centers such as through the Wilderness Road and the Erie Canal, coupled with the development of Steamboats and Rail transport, allowing for the phenomenon of urbanization to begin which increased the labor force available around larger cities such as New York City and Chicago, ameliorating the classic American labor shortages of the time. This also allowed for the quicker movement of resources and goods around the country, drastically increasing trade efficiency and output, while allowing for an extensive transport base for the U.S. to grow from in the Second Industrial Revolution. See also List of mill towns in Massachusetts References Jump up ^ `` The Industrial Revolution in the United States - Primary Source Set Teacher Resources - Library of Congress ''. www.loc.gov. Retrieved 2016 - 05 - 17. ^ Jump up to : `` Significant Events of the American Industrial Revolution ''. About.com Education. Archived from the original on 2012 - 07 - 23. Retrieved 2016 - 05 - 22. ^ Jump up to : Taylor, George Rogers ( 1969 ). The Transportation Revolution, 1815 - 1860. ISBN 978 - 0873321013. Jump up ^ Chandler Jr., Alfred D. ( 1993 ). The Visible Hand : The Management Revolution in American Business. Belknap Press of Harvard University Press. ISBN 978 - 0674940529 Jump up ^ `` The First American Factories ( ushistory.org ) ''. www.ushistory.org. Retrieved 2016 - 05 - 22. Jump up ^ Heath, Neil. `` Samuel Slater : American hero or British traitor ? ''. BBC News. Retrieved 2016 - 05 - 20. Jump up ^ Perkins, Edwin J ( 1994 ). `` American public finance and financial services, 1700 - 1815 ''. Ohio State University Press Publications. Jump up ^ Vatter, Harold G. ; Walker, John F. ; Alperovitz, Gar ( June 1995 ). `` The onset and persistence of secular stagnation in the U.S. economy : 1910 -- 1990, Journal of Economic Issues ''. Jump up ^ Habakkuk, H.J. ( 1962 ). American and British Technology in the Nineteenth Century. London, U.K., New York, USA : Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978 - 0521094474 Jump up ^ Eugene S. Ferguson, Oliver Evans, Inventive Genius of the American Industrial Revolution ( Hagley Museum & Library, 1980 ). The Industrial Revolution Themes Coal Coal mining Coke Cotton Industry Invention Iron Machinery, Manufacturing Metallurgy Sociology Steam power Steel Technology Textiles, Water power Workforce People / groups Richard Arkwright Thomas Boulsover Matthew Boulton James Brindley Isambard Kingdom Brunel Edmund Cartwright Henry Cort Thomas and George Cranege Samuel Crompton Abraham Darby I Abraham Darby II Abraham Darby III Francis Egerton, 3rd Duke of Bridgewater William Fairbairn James Hargreaves Hawks family Thomas Highs Eaton Hodgkinson Benjamin Huntsman Joseph Marie Jacquard, John Kay ( flying shuttle ) John Kay ( spinning frame ) Francis Cabot Lowell Lunar Society Thomas Newcomen Robert Owen Lewis Paul William Radcliffe Richard Roberts Thomas Savery Samuel Slater John Smeaton George Stephenson Robert Stephenson Thomas Telford Richard Trevithick James Watt John Wilkinson John Wyatt Places Abbeydale Industrial Hamlet Bridgewater Canal Broseley Coalbrookdale Cromford Derwent Valley Mills Ironbridge New Lanark Portsmouth Block Mills Quarry Bank Mill Soho Foundry Stockton and Darlington Railway Invention / technology Blast furnace Canal Cotton mill Crucible steel Factory Flying shuttle Newcomen steam engine Power loom Railway Reverberatory furnace Sheffield plate Spinning frame Spinning jenny Steam engine Stephenson 's Rocket Water frame Watt steam engine Social impact Bourgeoisie Child labour History of the Co-operative Movement Cottage industry Factory Acts Industrial unrest Luddite Proletariat Rochdale Pioneers Urbanization Industrial warfare Reference History of technology History of the British canal system Industrial archaeology List of United Kingdom - related topics Timeline of clothing and textiles technology Timeline of invention Timeline of materials technology Timeline of steam power Category Commons History of the United States Timeline Prehistory Pre-Columbian Colonial 1776 -- 1789 1789 -- 1849 1849 -- 1865 1865 -- 1918 1918 -- 1945 1945 -- 1964 1964 -- 1980 1980 -- 1991 1991 -- 2008 2008 -- present Topics American Century Cities Constitution Demographic Diplomatic Economic Education Immigration Medical Merchant Marine Military Musical Religious Slavery Southern Technological and industrial Territorial acquisitions Territorial evolution Voting rights Women Category Portal Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Industrial_Revolution_in_the_United_States&oldid=852713018 '' Categories : Industrial Revolution Industry in the United States Industrial history of the United States Talk Contents About Wikipedia Add links This page was last edited on 30 July 2018, at 21 : 33 ( UTC ). 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Question: what type of economy did the industrial revolution lead us in to
Answer: an industrial economy