Khyber Pass - wikipedia Khyber Pass This is the current revision of this page, as edited by Dawnseeker2000 ( talk contribs ) at 23 : 32, 27 August 2017 ( MOS : DASH, http → https using AWB ). The present address ( URL ) is a permanent link to this version. Revision as of 23 : 32, 27 August 2017 by Dawnseeker2000 ( talk contribs ) ( MOS : DASH, http → https using AWB ) ( diff ) ← Previous revision Latest revision ( diff ) Newer revision → ( diff ) Khyber Pass درۂ خیبر The pass connects Landi Kotal to the Valley of Peshawar Elevation 1,070 m ( 3,510 ft ) Traversed by N - 5 National Highway ; Khyber Pass Railway Location Afghanistan / Pakistan Range Spīn Ghar ( Safēd Kōh ) Coordinates 34 ° 04 ′ 33 '' N 71 ° 12 ′ 14 '' E ﻿ / ﻿ 34.07570 ° N 71.20394 ° E ﻿ / 34.07570 ; 71.20394 Coordinates : 34 ° 04 ′ 33 '' N 71 ° 12 ′ 14 '' E ﻿ / ﻿ 34.07570 ° N 71.20394 ° E ﻿ / 34.07570 ; 71.20394 Location of Khyber Pass The Khyber Pass ( Pashto : د خیبر درہ ‎, Urdu : درۂ خیبر ‎ ) ( elevation : 1,070 m or 3,510 ft ) is a mountain pass connecting the town of Landi Kotal, near the Afghanistan and Pakistan border, to the Valley of Peshawar by traversing part of the Spin Ghar mountains. An integral part of the ancient Silk Road, it has long had substantial cultural, economic, and geopolitical significance. Throughout history it has been an important trade route between Central Asia and the Indian Subcontinent and a strategic military location. The summit of the pass is 5 km ( 3.1 mi ) inside Pakistan at Landi Kotal. The Khyber Pass is part of the Asian Highway 1 ( AH1 ). Contents 1 History 1.1 Current conflicts 2 Cultural references 3 See also 4 References 5 Further reading 6 External links History Elephant battery of heavy artillery along the Khyber Pass at Campbellpur, 1895 Well known invasions of the area have been predominantly through the Khyber Pass, such as the invasions by Darius I, Genghis Khan and later Mongols such as Duwa, Qutlugh Khwaja and Kebek. Prior to the Kushan era, the Khyber Pass was not a widely used trade route. Among the Muslim invasions of ancient India, the famous invaders coming through the Khyber Pass are Mahmud Ghaznavi, and the Afghan Muhammad Ghori and the Turkic - Mongols. Finally, Sikhs under Ranjit Singh captured the Khyber Pass in 1834 until they were defeated by the forces of Wazir Akbar Khan in 1837. Hari Singh Nalwa, who manned the Khyber Pass for years, became a household name in Afghanistan. Afghan chiefs and a British political officer posed at Jamrud Fort at the mouth of the Khyber Pass in 1878. To the north of the Khyber Pass lies the country of the Mullagori tribe. To the south is Afridi Tirah, while the inhabitants of villages in the Pass itself are Afridi clansmen. Throughout the centuries the Pashtun clans, particularly the Afridis and the Afghan Shinwaris, have regarded the Pass as their own preserve and have levied a toll on travellers for safe conduct. Since this has long been their main source of income, resistance to challenges to the Shinwaris ' authority has often been fierce. For strategic reasons, after the First World War the British built a heavily engineered railway through the Pass. The Khyber Pass Railway from Jamrud, near Peshawar, to the Afghan border near Landi Kotal was opened in 1925. During World War II concrete `` dragon 's teeth '' ( tank obstacles ) were erected on the valley floor due to British fears of a German tank invasion of India. Bab - e-Khyber, the entrance gate of the Khyber Pass. The Pass became widely known to thousands of Westerners and Japanese who traveled it in the days of the Hippie trail, taking a bus or car from Kabul to the Afghan border. At the Pakistani frontier post, travelers were advised not to wander away from the road, as the location was a barely controlled Federally Administered Tribal Area. Then, after customs formalities, a quick daylight drive through the Pass was made. Monuments left by British Army units, as well as hillside forts, could be viewed from the highway. The area of the Khyber Pass has been connected with a counterfeit arms industry, making various types of weapons known to gun collectors as Khyber Pass Copies, using local steel and blacksmiths ' forges. Current conflicts The pass used to be serviced by the Khyber Pass Railway. During the war in Afghanistan, the Khyber Pass has been a major route for resupplying military armament and food to the NATO forces in the Afghan theater of conflict since the US started the invasion of Afghanistan in 2001. Almost 80 percent of the NATO and US supplies that are brought in by road were transported through this Khyber Pass. Furthermore, it has also been used to transport civilians from the Afghan side to the Pakistani one. Until the end of 2007, this route had been relatively safe since the tribes living there ( mainly Afridi, a Pashtun tribe ) were paid by the Pakistani government to keep the area safe. However, since that year, the Taliban began to control the region, and so there started to exist wider tensions in their political relationship. Since the end of 2008, supply convoys and depots in this western part increasingly came under attack by elements from or supposedly sympathetic to the Pakistani Taliban. In January 2009, Pakistan sealed off the bridge as part of a military offensive against Taliban guerrillas. This military operation was mainly focused on Jamrud, a district on the Khyber road. The target was to `` dynamite or bulldoze homes belonging to men suspected of harboring or supporting Taliban militants or carrying out other illegal activities ''. The result meant that more than 70 people were arrested and 45 homes were destroyed. In addition, two children and one woman were killed. As a response, in early February 2009, Taliban insurgents cut off the Khyber Pass temporarily by blowing up a key bridge. This increasingly unstable situation in northwest Pakistan, made the US and NATO broaden supply routes, through Central Asia ( Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan and Tajikistan ). Even the option of supplying material through the Iranian far southeastern port of Chabahar was considered. In 2010, the already complicated relationship with Pakistan ( always accused by the US of hosting the Taliban in this border area without reporting it ) became tougher after the NATO forces, under the pretext of mitigating the Taliban 's power over this area, executed an attack with drones over the Durand line, passing the frontier of Afghanistan and killing three Pakistani soldiers. Pakistan answered by closing the pass on 30 September which caused a convoy of several NATO trucks to queue at the closed border. This convoy was attacked by extremists apparently linked to Al Qaida which caused the destruction of more than 29 oil tankers and trucks and the killing of several soldiers. NATO chief members had to issue a formal apology to the Pakistan government so the supply traffic at this pass could be restored. In August 2011, the activity at the Khyber pass was again halted by the Khyber Agency administration due to the more possible attacks of the insurgency over the NATO forces, which had suffered a period of large number of assaults over the trucks heading to supply the NATO and ISAF coalitions all over the frontier line. This instability made the Pakistan Oil Tanker Owners Association demand more protection from the Pakistani and US government threatening not to supply fuel for the Afghan side. Cultural references A number of locations, around the world, have been named after the Khyber Pass : A suburb of Civil Lines, Delhi, India is named after this pass. Khyber Pass Road is a major road in the suburb of Newmarket, Auckland, New Zealand. An artificial rockwork feature at East Park, Kingston upon Hull, UK. A steep and twisting road up the West Cliff at Whitby, UK. Khyber Pass Pub in Philadelphia, PA. The podcast `` Twilight histories '' has an episode called `` Napoleon in Afghanistan '' which partly takes place in the Khyber Pass. The Vampire Weekend song `` M79 '' references the Khyber Pass. The Tom Cochrane song `` Life Is a Highway '' ( covered by Rascal Flatts and others ) references the Khyber Pass. The Album Rio Grande Blood by Ministry ( 2006 ) has a song called `` Khyber Pass '' which references it as a possible hiding place for then missing and at large Osama Bin Laden. This song was also featured at the end of the film The Hurt Locker. A spa hotel in Gulmarg Jammu and Kashmir is named Khyber Himalayan Resort and Spa. British rock band Pink Floyd references the Khyber in their song Up the Khyber, featured on the soundtrack to the movie More ' Khyber Pass ' is Cockney rhyming slang meaning ' arse '. This use is alluded to in the 1968 film Carry On... Up the Khyber. ' Khyber Pass ' is a mountain bike trail connecting the Top of the World trail at Whistler Resort to the Whistler Creekside Village. See also Bab - e-Khyber Ali Masjid Battle of Ali Masjid Carry On... Up the Khyber, film Dasht - e Yahudi Durand Line Federally Administered Tribal Areas, Pakistan Khyber Agency Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Khyber Pass Copy Khyber train safari Battle of Khyber Pass References Jump up ^ Tarn, William Woodthorpe ( 2010 ). The Greeks in Bactria and India. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9781108009416. Retrieved 28 March 2017. Jump up ^ The Khyber Pass : A History of Empire and Invasion -- Paddy Docherty -- Google Books. Books.google.co.in. Retrieved on 2013 - 07 - 12. Jump up ^ Hari Singh Nalwa, `` champion of the Khalsaji '' ( 1791 -- 1837 ) -- Vanit Nalwa -- Google Books. Books.google.co.in. Retrieved on 2013 - 07 - 12. Jump up ^ `` Introducing The Khyber Pass ''. Lonelyplanet.com. 2009 - 03 - 24. Retrieved 2010 - 11 - 12. Jump up ^ OPPEL Jr, RICHARD A. ( 2 January 2009 ). `` Pakistan Briefly Reopens Key NATO Supply Route ''. The New York Times. Retrieved 18 June 2012. Jump up ^ `` Pakistan and Afghanistan ''. Institute for the Study of War. Retrieved 18 June 2012. Jump up ^ `` Pakistan Reopens Khyber Pass To US / NATO ''. Retrieved 18 June 2012. Jump up ^ Karin Brulliard ( October 9, 2010 ). `` Pakistan reopens border to NATO supply trucks ''. Washington Post Foreign Service. Retrieved 18 June 2012. Jump up ^ Ahmad Nabi ( August 17, 2011 ). `` Nato supplies via Khyber Pass halted due to security ''. Retrieved 18 June 2012. Jump up ^ Khyber Pass Map. Mapsofindia.com ( 2013 - 03 - 01 ). Retrieved on 2013 - 07 - 12. Jump up ^ Khyber Pass Delhi -- Google Maps. Maps.google.co.uk ( 1970 - 01 - 01 ). Retrieved on 2013 - 07 - 12. Jump up ^ http://indiapropertyexpert.com/mgf-city-khyber-pass-north-delhi.htm Jump up ^ `` East 's Eden ''. Kingston upon Hull City Council. September 2002. Jump up ^ `` Register of Historic Parks and Gardens ''. English Heritage. Further reading Molesworth, Lt - Gen. G.N., Afghanistan 1919 ( Asia Publishing House, 1962 ). This book describes in detail the author 's passage ( Prince Albert 's ) Somerset Light Infantry. External links Find more aboutKhyber Passat Wikipedia 's sister projects Definitions from Wiktionary Media from Commons News from Wikinews Quotations from Wikiquote Texts from Wikisource Textbooks from Wikibooks Travel guide from Wikivoyage Learning resources from Wikiversity History of Khyber Pass, Pakistan Twilight histories, Napoleon in Afghanistan Province of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa topics History Gandhara History of Peshawar History of Malakand British period Durand Line Names of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Durrani Empire Soviet war in Afghanistan Government Governor Chief Minister Cabinet Provincial Assembly Jirga Loya jirga Economy Provincial Highways of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Culture and places Pashtun people ( List ) Pashtun tribes Culture Language Cuisine Pashtunwali Pashtunization Diaspora Dress Pashtun tribal structure Afghan ( name ) Pashtun names Music Media Provincial highways Literature and poetry ( List of poets ) Alphabet Grammar Dialects Pollywood ( List of films ) Singers List of television channels Hindkowan people Hindko language Afghan refugees Archaeological sites and monuments Geography List of cities Districts Pashtunistan Hazara Provincially Administered Tribal Areas Khyber Pass Education Hazara University University of Peshawar Sport Khyber Pakhtunkhwa cricket team Peshawar Panthers Abbottabad Rhinos Category Portal WikiProject Afghanistan articles History Timeline Pre-Islamic period Indus Valley Civilisation Maurya Empire Greater Khorasan Islamic conquest Arabs in Afghanistan Mongol invasion Hotak dynasty Durrani Empire Third Battle of Panipat ( 1761 ) Battle of Jamrud Afghan -- Sikh wars First Anglo - Afghan War Second Anglo - Afghan War Third Anglo - Afghan War European influence Reforms of Amānullāh Khān and civil war European influence in Afghanistan ( Nadir Shah Zahir Shah ) Daoud 's Republic Democratic Republic Soviet war since 1992 2001 invasion War ( 2001 -- 2014 ) Geography Administrative divisions provinces districts cities Earthquakes Volcanoes Demographics Languages Persian ( Dari ) Pashtuns Tajiks Farsiwan Qizilbash Kho Hazaras Gurjar Uzbeks Turkmens Baloch people Nuristanis Hindki Arabs Politics Constitution Loya jirga President current Vice President Chief Executive Officer Cabinet of Ministers National Assembly House of Elders House of the People Political parties Elections Current provincial governors Supreme Court Chief Justice Human rights LGBT Foreign relations Afghan National Security Forces Economy Afghani ( currency ) Energy Mining Taxation Tourism Heroin International rankings Infrastructure Airports Ariana Afghan Airlines Communications Rail transport and history Trans - Afghanistan Pipeline Transport Kabul -- Kandahar Highway Kandahar -- Herat Highway Culture Cuisine Education Flag Music Olympics Pashtunwali ( Pashtun life ) Poetry Postage stamps and postal history Religion Sunni Islam Shia Islam Muslim holidays War rugs Outline Index Bibliography Book Category Portal Authority control WorldCat Identities VIAF : 256606067 GND : 4408256 - 3 NDL : 00628338 Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Khyber_Pass&oldid=797573424 '' Categories : Afghanistan -- Pakistan border crossings Mountain passes of the Hindu Kush Landforms of Paktia Province Mountain passes of Afghanistan Mountain passes of Pakistan Mountain passes of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Rail mountain passes Sites along the Silk Road Hidden categories : Coordinates on Wikidata Articles containing Pashto - language text Articles containing Urdu - language text All articles with unsourced statements Articles with unsourced statements from June 2014 Wikipedia articles with VIAF identifiers Wikipedia articles with GND identifiers Talk Article Talk More Contents About Wikipedia In other projects Wikimedia Commons Wikivoyage Languages العربية Azərbaycanca বাংলা Български Català Cebuano Čeština Cymraeg Dansk Deutsch Español Esperanto Euskara فارسی Français Հայերեն हिन्दी Bahasa Indonesia Íslenska Italiano עברית ქართული Lëtzebuergesch Lietuvių Magyar മലയാളം मराठी Nederlands 日本 語 Norsk Norsk nynorsk Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча ਪੰਜਾਬੀ پنجابی پښتو Polski Português Русский Scots Simple English Slovenčina Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски Suomi Svenska தமிழ் Українська اردو Edit links This page was last edited on 27 August 2017, at 23 : 32. 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Question: where is the khyber pass located on a map
Answer: near the Afghanistan and Pakistan border