SI base unit - wikipedia SI base unit The seven SI base units and the interdependency of their definitions : for example, to extract the definition of the metre from the speed of light, the definition of the second must be known while the ampere and candela are both dependent on the definition of energy which in turn is defined in terms of length, mass and time. The International System of Units ( SI ) defines seven units of measure as a basic set from which all other SI units can be derived. The SI base units and their physical quantities are the metre for measurement of length, the kilogram for mass, the second for time, the ampere for electric current, the kelvin for temperature, the candela for luminous intensity, and the mole for amount of substance. The SI base units form a set of mutually independent dimensions as required by dimensional analysis commonly employed in science and technology. The names and symbols of SI base units are written in lowercase, except the symbols of those named after a person, which are written with an initial capital letter. For example, the metre ( US English : meter ) has the symbol m, but the kelvin has symbol K, because it is named after Lord Kelvin and the ampere with symbol A is named after André - Marie Ampère. Other units, such as the litre ( US English : liter ), are formally not part of the SI, but are accepted for use with SI. Contents 1 Seven SI base units 2 Proposed redefinitions 3 See also 4 References 5 External links Seven SI base units SI base units Name Symbol Measure Current ( 2005 ) formal definition Historical origin / justification Dimension symbol metre m length `` The metre is the length of the path travelled by light in vacuum during a time interval of 1 ⁄ 7008299792458000000 ♠ 299 792 458 of a second. '' 17th CGPM ( 1983, Resolution 1, CR, 97 ) 1 ⁄ 10,000,000 of the distance from the Earth 's equator to the North Pole measured on the circumference through Paris. kilogram kg mass `` The kilogram is the unit of mass ; it is equal to the mass of the international prototype of the kilogram. '' 3rd CGPM ( 1901, CR, 70 ) The mass of one litre of water at the temperature of melting ice. A litre is one thousandth of a cubic metre. second s time `` The second is the duration of 7009919263177000000 ♠ 9192631770 periods of the radiation corresponding to the transition between the two hyperfine levels of the ground state of the caesium 133 atom. '' 13th CGPM ( 1967 / 68, Resolution 1 ; CR, 103 ) `` This definition refers to a caesium atom at rest at a temperature of 0 K. '' ( Added by CIPM in 1997 ) The day is divided in 24 hours, each hour divided in 60 minutes, each minute divided in 60 seconds. A second is 1 ⁄ ( 24 × 60 × 60 ) of the day. ampere electric current `` The ampere is that constant current which, if maintained in two straight parallel conductors of infinite length, of negligible circular cross-section, and placed 1 metre apart in vacuum, would produce between these conductors a force equal to 2 × 10 newton per metre of length. '' 9th CGPM ( 1948 ) The original `` International Ampere '' was defined electrochemically as the current required to deposit 1.118 milligrams of silver per second from a solution of silver nitrate. Compared to the SI ampere, the difference is 0.015 %. kelvin thermodynamic temperature `` The kelvin, unit of thermodynamic temperature, is the fraction 1 ⁄ 7002273160000000000 ♠ 273.16 of the thermodynamic temperature of the triple point of water. '' 13th CGPM ( 1967 / 68, Resolution 4 ; CR, 104 ) `` This definition refers to water having the isotopic composition defined exactly by the following amount of substance ratios : 0.000 155 76 mole of H per mole of H, 0.000 379 9 mole of O per mole of O, and 0.002 005 2 mole of O per mole of O. '' ( Added by CIPM in 2005 ) The Celsius scale : the Kelvin scale uses the degree Celsius for its unit increment, but is a thermodynamic scale ( 0 K is absolute zero ). Θ mole mol amount of substance `` 1. The mole is the amount of substance of a system which contains as many elementary entities as there are atoms in 0.012 kilogram of carbon 12 ; its symbol is ' mol '. 2. When the mole is used, the elementary entities must be specified and may be atoms, molecules, ions, electrons, other particles, or specified groups of such particles. '' 14th CGPM ( 1971, Resolution 3 ; CR, 78 ) `` In this definition, it is understood that unbound atoms of carbon 12, at rest and in their ground state, are referred to. '' ( Added by CIPM in 1980 ) Atomic weight or molecular weight divided by the molar mass constant, 1 g / mol. candela cd luminous intensity `` The candela is the luminous intensity, in a given direction, of a source that emits monochromatic radiation of frequency 7014540000000000000 ♠ 540 × 10 hertz and that has a radiant intensity in that direction of 1 / 683 watt per steradian. '' 16th CGPM ( 1979, Resolution 3 ; CR, 100 ) The candlepower, which is based on the light emitted from a burning candle of standard properties. J Name Symbol Measure Current ( 2005 ) formal definition Historical origin / justification Dimension symbol Proposed redefinitions Main article : Proposed redefinition of SI base units Proposed SI System : Dependence of base unit definitions on physical constants with fixed values and on other base units that are derived from the same set of constants. The definitions of the base units have been modified several times since the Metre Convention in 1875, and new additions of base units have occurred. Since the redefinition of the metre in 1960, the kilogram is the only unit that is directly defined in terms of a physical artifact, rather than a property of nature. However, the mole, the ampere, and the candela are linked through their definitions to the mass of the platinum -- iridium cylinder stored in a vault near Paris. It has long been an objective in metrology to define the kilogram in terms of a fundamental constant, in the same way that the metre is now defined in terms of the speed of light. The 21st General Conference on Weights and Measures ( CGPM, 1999 ) placed these efforts on an official footing, and recommended `` that national laboratories continue their efforts to refine experiments that link the unit of mass to fundamental or atomic constants with a view to a future redefinition of the kilogram. '' Two possibilities have attracted particular attention : the Planck constant and the Avogadro constant. In 2005, the International Committee for Weights and Measures ( CIPM ) approved preparation of new definitions for the kilogram, the ampere, and the kelvin and it noted the possibility of a new definition of the mole based on the Avogadro constant. The 23rd CGPM ( 2007 ) decided to postpone any formal change until the next General Conference in 2011. In a note to the CIPM in October 2009, Ian Mills, the President of the CIPM Consultative Committee - Units ( CCU ) catalogued the uncertainties of the fundamental constants of physics according to the current definitions and their values under the proposed new definition. He urged the CIPM to accept the proposed changes in the definition of the kilogram, ampere, kelvin, and mole so that they are referenced to the values of the fundamental constants, namely the Planck constant ( h ), the electron charge ( e ), the Boltzmann constant ( k ), and the Avogadro constant ( N ). See also International vocabulary of metrology International System of Quantities Non-SI units mentioned in the SI Metric prefix Physical constant Electric constant Magnetic constant References ^ Jump up to : International Bureau of Weights and Measures ( 2006 ), The International System of Units ( SI ) ( PDF ) ( 8th ed. ), ISBN 92 - 822 - 2213 - 6, archived ( PDF ) from the original on 2017 - 08 - 14 Jump up ^ 94th Meeting of the International Committee for Weights and Measures ( 2005 ). Recommendation 1 : Preparative steps towards new definitions of the kilogram, the ampere, the kelvin and the mole in terms of fundamental constants Jump up ^ 23rd General Conference on Weights and Measures ( 2007 ). Resolution 12 : On the possible redefinition of certain base units of the International System of Units ( SI ). Jump up ^ Ian Mills, President of the CCU ( October 2009 ). `` Thoughts about the timing of the change from the Current SI to the New SI '' ( PDF ). CIPM. Retrieved 2010 - 02 - 23. Jump up ^ Ian Mills ( 29 September 2010 ). `` Draft Chapter 2 for SI Brochure, following redefinitions of the base units '' ( PDF ). CCU. Retrieved 2011 - 01 - 01. External links International Bureau of Weights and Measures National Physical Laboratory NIST - SI SI units Authority : International System of Units ( BIPM ) Base units ampere candela kelvin kilogram metre mole second Derived units with special names becquerel coulomb degree Celsius farad gray henry hertz joule katal lumen lux newton ohm pascal radian siemens sievert steradian tesla volt watt weber Other accepted units astronomical unit bar dalton day decibel degree of arc electronvolt hectare hour litre minute minute of arc neper second of arc tonne atomic units natural units See also Conversion of units Metric prefixes Proposed redefinitions Systems of measurement Book Category SI base quantities Base quantity Quantity SI unit Name Symbol Dimension symbol Unit name ( symbol ) Example length l, x, r, ( etc. ) metre ( m ) r = 10 m mass m kilogram ( kg ) m = 10 kg time, duration second ( s ) t = 10 s electric current I, i I ampere ( A ) I = 10 A thermodynamic temperature Θ kelvin ( K ) T = 10 K amount of substance n mole ( mol ) n = 10 mol luminous intensity J candela ( cd ) I = 10 cd Specification The quantity ( not the unit ) can have a specification : T = 300 K Derived quantity Definition A quantity Q is expressed in the base quantities : Q = f ( l, m, t, I, T, n, I v ) ( displaystyle Q = f left ( ( mathit ( l, m, t, I, T, n, I ) ) mathrm ( _ ( v ) ) \right ) ) Derived dimension dim Q = L M T I Θ N J ( Superscripts a -- g are algebraic exponents, usually a positive, negative or zero integer. ) Example Quantity acceleration = l t, dim acceleration = L T possible units : m s, km Ms, etc. See also History of the metric system International System of Quantities Proposed redefinitions Systems of measurement Book Category Outline Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=SI_base_unit&oldid=805011635 '' Categories : SI units SI base units SI base quantities Dimensional analysis Talk Contents About Wikipedia Bân - lâm - gú Беларуская Bosanski Brezhoneg Català Dansk Deutsch Ελληνικά Español فارسی Français 한국어 हिन्दी Hrvatski Ilokano Bahasa Indonesia Interlingua Íslenska Latviešu Magyar Македонски മലയാളം Bahasa Melayu Nederlands 日本 語 ភាសា ខ្មែរ Polski Português Русский Scots Slovenščina Српски / srpski Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски Suomi Svenska ไทย Українська 粵語 中文 Edit links This page was last edited on 12 October 2017, at 14 : 13. 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Question: what is the standard base unit for length
Answer: metre