Adenoid - wikipedia Adenoid For `` adenoid '' meaning `` glandular '', `` gland - like '', or `` lymphatic '', see glandular and lymphatic. This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. ( November 2007 ) Adenoids Location of the adenoid Details System Lymphatic system Identifiers Latin tonsilla pharyngea MeSH D000234 TA A05. 3.01. 006 FMA 54970 Anatomical terminology ( edit on Wikidata ) The adenoid, also known as a pharyngeal tonsil or nasopharyngeal tonsil, is the superior-most of the tonsils. It is a mass of lymphatic tissue located behind the nasal cavity, in the roof of the nasopharynx, where the nose blends into the throat. In children, it normally forms a soft mound in the roof and back wall of the nasopharynx, just above and behind the uvula. The term adenoid is also used to represent adenoid hypertrophy. Contents 1 Structure 1.1 Development 1.2 Microbiome 2 Clinical significance 2.1 Enlargement 2.2 Adenoid facies 2.3 Removal 3 Popular culture 4 References 5 External links Structure The adenoid is a mass of lymphatic tissue located behind the nasal cavity, in the roof of the nasopharynx, where the nose blends into the throat. The adenoid, unlike the palatine tonsils, has pseudostratified epithelium. The adenoids are part of the so - called Waldeyer ring of lymphoid tissue which includes the palatine tonsils and the lingual tonsils. Development Adenoids develop from a subepithelial infiltration of lymphocytes after the 16th week of embryonic life. After birth, enlargement begins and continues until aged 5 to 7 years. Microbiome Species of bacteria such as lactobacilli, anaerobic streptococci, actinomycosis, Fusobacterium species, and Nocardia are normally present by 6 months of age. Normal flora found in the adenoid consists of alpha - hemolytic streptococci and enterococci, Corynebacterium species, coagulase - negative staphylococci, Neisseria species, Haemophilus species, Micrococcus species, and Stomatococcus species. Clinical significance Enlargement An enlarged adenoid, or adenoid hypertrophy, can become nearly the size of a ping pong ball and completely block airflow through the nasal passages. Even if the enlarged adenoid is not substantial enough to physically block the back of the nose, it can obstruct airflow enough so that breathing through the nose requires an uncomfortable amount of work, and inhalation occurs instead through an open mouth. The enlarged adenoid would also obstruct the nasal airway enough to affect the voice without actually stopping nasal airflow altogether. Symptomatic enlargement between 18 and 24 months of age is not uncommon, meaning that snoring, nasal airway obstruction and obstructed breathing may occur during sleep. However, this may be reasonably expected to decline when children reach school age, and progressive shrinkage may be expected thereafter. Adenoid facies Enlargement of the adenoid, especially in children, causes an atypical appearance of the face, often referred to as adenoid facies. Features of adenoid facies include mouth breathing, an elongated face, prominent incisors, hypoplastic maxilla, short upper lip, elevated nostrils, and a high arched palate. Removal Surgical removal of the adenoid is a procedure called adenoidectomy. Adenoid infection may cause symptoms such as excessive mucus production, which can be treated by its removal. Studies have shown that adenoid regrowth occurs in as many as 19 % of the cases after removal. Carried out through the mouth under a general anaesthetic ( or less commonly a topical ), adenoidectomy involves the adenoid being curetted, cauterized, lasered, or otherwise ablated. The adenoid is often removed along with the palatine tonsils. Popular culture In 1861 George Catlin published many engravings illustrating adenoid facies and its complications in his book Breath of Life, where he advocated nose - breathing. References Jump up ^ `` Definition of ADENOID ''. www.merriam-webster.com. Retrieved 2018 - 05 - 05. Jump up ^ Histology at KUMC lymphoid - lymph06 Jump up ^ Jefferson, Yosh ( 2017 - 02 - 01 ). `` Mouth breathing : adverse effects on facial growth, health, academics, and behavior ''. General Dentistry. 58 ( 1 ) : 18 -- 25 ; quiz 26 -- 27, 79 -- 80. ISSN 0363 - 6771. PMID 20129889. Jump up ^ Wahba, Mohammed. `` Adenoid facies ''. Radiopaedia.org. Radiology Reference Article. Retrieved 2016 - 11 - 06. Jump up ^ Lesinskas, Eugenijus ; Drigotas, Martynas ( 2009 - 04 - 01 ). `` The incidence of adenoidal regrowth after adenoidectomy and its effect on persistent nasal symptoms ''. European Archives of Oto - Rhino - Laryngology. 266 ( 4 ) : 469 -- 473. doi : 10.1007 / s00405 - 008 - 0892 - 5. ISSN 1434 - 4726. PMID 19093130. Jump up ^ Catlin, George ( 1864 ). The breath of life or mal - respiration and its effects upon the enjoyments & life of man. Jump up ^ Wylie, A ( 1927 ). `` Rhinology and laryngology in literature and folklore ''. The Journal of Laryngology & Otology. 42 ( 2 ) : 81 -- 87. doi : 10.1017 / S0022215100029959. External links `` Anatomy diagram : 25420.000 - 1 ''. Roche Lexicon - illustrated navigator. Elsevier. Archived from the original on 2014 - 01 - 01. Adenoids : What They Are, How To Recognize Them, What To Do For Them Histology at usuhs.mil Histology at udel.edu / drtbalu otolaryngology online Organs of the lymphatic system Primary organs Bone marrow Hematopoietic stem cell Thymus Hassall 's corpuscles Secondary organs Spleen Structure Hilum Trabeculae Red pulp Cords of Billroth Marginal zone White pulp Periarteriolar lymphoid sheaths Germinal center Blood flow Trabecular arteries Trabecular veins Tonsils Palatine Lingual Pharyngeal Tubal Tonsillar crypts Waldeyer 's tonsillar ring Lymph nodes Lymphatic vessel T cells High endothelial venules B cells Germinal center Mantle zone Marginal zone MALT GALT Peyer 's patch Germinal center Anatomy of the human nose External nose Ala of nose nasal cartilages of the septum Greater alar Lesser alar Lateral nasal Accessory nasal Vomeronasal Nasal cavity Openings Nasal vestibule Nostril Posterior nasal apertures Lateral wall Nasal conchae : Supreme nasal concha Superior nasal concha Middle nasal concha Inferior nasal concha Nasal meatus : ( Supreme superior middle inferior ) Sphenoethmoidal recess Ethmoid bulla Agger nasi Ethmoidal infundibulum Semilunar hiatus Maxillary hiatus Medial wall Nasal septum Vomeronasal organ Mucous membrane Olfactory mucosa Paranasal sinuses Maxillary sinus Sphenoidal sinuses Frontal sinus Ethmoid sinus Naso - pharynx Pharyngeal opening of auditory tube Salpingopharyngeal fold Salpingopalatine fold Torus tubarius Pharyngeal tonsil Pharyngeal recess Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Adenoid&oldid=853178500 '' Categories : Lymphatics of the head and neck Tonsil Pharynx Hidden categories : Pages with unresolved properties Articles needing additional references from November 2007 All articles needing additional references All articles with unsourced statements Articles with unsourced statements from May 2018 Talk Contents About Wikipedia Afrikaans Беларуская Català Deutsch ދިވެހިބަސް Español Français Gaeilge Hrvatski Bahasa Indonesia Interlingua עברית ქართული Қазақша Кыргызча Lietuvių Luganda Bahasa Melayu Nederlands 日本 語 Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча Polski Português Русский Simple English Slovenščina Српски / srpski Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски Suomi Svenska Tagalog Тоҷикӣ Українська ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche 26 more Edit links This page was last edited on 2 August 2018, at 23 : 24 ( UTC ). 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Question: the lymphoid tissue located in the nasopharynx behind the nose is called the
Answer: adenoid