Sella turcica - wikipedia Sella turcica For the 2010 film, see Sella Turcica ( film ). Sella turcica Human skull seen from side ( parietal bones and temporal bones have been removed ). Sella turcica shown in red. Sella turcica and pituitary gland. Details Identifiers Latin Sella turcica TA A02. 1.05. 006 FMA 54079 Anatomical terms of bone ( edit on Wikidata ) The sella turcica ( Latin for Turkish seat ) is a saddle - shaped depression in the body of the sphenoid bone of the human skull and of the skulls of other hominids including chimpanzees, orangutans, and gorillas. It serves as a cephalometric landmark. The pituitary gland or hypophysis is located within the most inferior aspect of the sella turcica, the hypophyseal fossa. Contents 1 Structure 1.1 Development 2 Function 3 Clinical significance 4 Etymology 5 See also 6 Additional images 7 References 8 External links Structure The sella turcica is located in the sphenoid bone behind the chiasmatic groove and the tuberculum sellae. It belongs to the middle cranial fossa. The most inferior portion of the sella turcica ( `` seat of the saddle '' ) is known as the hypophyseal fossa, and contains the pituitary gland ( hypophysis ). In front of the hypophyseal fossa is the tuberculum sellae. Completing the formation of the saddle posteriorly is the dorsum sellae, which is continuous with the clivus, inferoposteriorly. The dorsum sellae is terminated laterally by the posterior clinoid processes. Development This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. ( March 2014 ) Function The sella turcica forms a bony seat for the pituitary gland Clinical significance Empty sella syndrome is the condition of a shrunken or flattened pituitary gland. Since the sella turcica forms a bony caudal border for the pituitary gland, a pituitary tumor usually extends upward in the rostral direction into the suprasellar region. This can result in compression of the optic chiasm, which lies on top of the pituitary, enveloping the pituitary stalk. Compression of the optic chiasm can lead to bitemporal hemianopsia, and, when there is no relevant trauma, this clinical finding is pathognomonic for a pituitary tumor. Some pituitary adenomas can extend inferiorly, growing downward and invading the sphenoid bone and cavernous sinus. Large adenomas can cause remodeling of the underlying sphenoid bone altering the shape of the sella turcica. Sella turcica is also usually used as a reference point with nasion to establish the base of the skull in cephalometric analysis. This is commonly done prior to orthodontic treatment. Etymology Sella turcica is from the Latin words sella, meaning seat, and turcica, meaning Turkish. See also This article uses anatomical terminology ; for an overview, see Anatomical terminology. Sphenoidal sinuses Empty sella syndrome Additional images Human skull seen from side ( parietal bones and temporal bones have been removed ). Sella turcica shown in red. Hypophysial fossa shown in red. Sphenoid bone seen from above. Sella turcica shown in red. Base of skull - Sella turcica, tuberculum sellae and hypophyseal fossa References Jump up ^ Mancall, Elliott L. ; Brock, David G., eds. ( 2011 ). `` Cranial Fossae ''. Gray 's Clinical Anatomy. Elsevier Health Sciences. p. 154. ISBN 9781437735802. Jump up ^ Knosp E, Steiner E, Kitz K, et al. Pituitary adenomas with invasion of the cavernous sinus space : a magnetic resonance imaging classification compared with surgical findings. Neurosurgery. 1993 Oct ; 33 ( 4 ) : 610 - 7 ; discussion 617 - 8. PMID 8232800 Jump up ^ Proffit, William R... Contemporary Orthodontics, 4th Edition. C.V. Mosby, 122006. 6.5. 2.1 ). vbk : 978 - 0 - 323 - 04046 - 4 # outline ( 6.5. 2.1 ) Marieb, Elaine Nicpon ( 2004 ). Human Anatomy & Physiology ( 6th ed. ). Pearson Education. p. 209. ISBN 0 - 8053 - 5462 - X. External links Wikimedia Commons has media related to Sella turcica. Image at Indiana.edu The neurocranium of the skull Occipital Squamous part external Inion / External occipital protuberance Occipital bun External occipital crest Nuchal lines Suprainiac fossa planes Occipital Nuchal internal Cruciform eminence Internal occipital protuberance Internal occipital crest Groove for transverse sinus Lateral parts Condyle Condyloid fossa Condylar canal Hypoglossal canal jugular Jugular process Jugular tubercle Basilar part Pharyngeal tubercle Clivus Other Foramen magnum Basion Opisthion Parietal Parietal eminence Temporal line Parietal foramen Sagittal sulcus Sagittal keel Sagittal crest Frontal Squamous part Frontal suture Frontal eminence external Superciliary arches Glabella foramina Supraorbital foramen Supraorbital ridge Foramen cecum Zygomatic process internal Sagittal sulcus Frontal crest Orbital part Ethmoidal notch Fossa for lacrimal gland Trochlear fovea Frontal sinus Frontonasal duct Temporal Squamous part Articular tubercle Suprameatal triangle Mandibular fossa Petrotympanic fissure Zygomatic process Mastoid part Mastoid foramen Mastoid process ( Mastoid cells ) Mastoid notch Occipital groove Sigmoid sulcus Mastoid antrum ( Aditus ) Petrous part Carotid canal Facial canal Hiatus Internal auditory meatus Cochlear aqueduct Stylomastoid foramen fossae Subarcuate fossa Jugular fossa canaliculi Inferior tympanic Mastoid Styloid process Petrosquamous suture ( note : ossicles in petrous part, but not part of temporal bone ) Tympanic part Suprameatal spine Sphenoid Surfaces Superior surface : Sella turcica Dorsum sellae Tuberculum sellae Hypophysial fossa Posterior clinoid processes Ethmoidal spine Chiasmatic groove Middle clinoid process Petrosal process Clivus Lateral surface : Carotid groove Sphenoidal lingula Anterior surface : Sphenoidal sinuses Great wings foramina Rotundum Ovale Vesalii Spinosum Spine Infratemporal crest Sulcus of auditory tube Small wings Superior orbital fissure Anterior clinoid process Optic canal Pterygoid processes fossae Pterygoid Scaphoid pterygoid plates Lateral Medial Pterygoid canal Hamulus Other Body Sphenoidal conchae Ethmoid Plates Cribriform plate Crista galli Olfactory foramina Perpendicular plate Surfaces Lateral surface Orbital lamina Uncinate process Medial surface Supreme nasal concha Superior nasal concha Superior meatus Middle nasal concha Middle meatus Labyrinth Ethmoid sinus ethmoidal foramina Posterior Anterior Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sella_turcica&oldid=844128495 '' Categories : Bones of the head and neck Hidden categories : Pages with unresolved properties Articles to be expanded from March 2014 All articles to be expanded Articles using small message boxes All articles with unsourced statements Articles with unsourced statements from May 2015 Talk Contents About Wikipedia Башҡортса Čeština Español فارسی Français Galego Italiano עברית 日本 語 Norsk Polski Português Русский Slovenčina Svenska Türkçe 中文 9 more Edit links This page was last edited on 2 June 2018, at 20 : 16 ( UTC ). 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Question: the sella turcica which houses the pituitary (brain) is part of what cranial bone
Answer: sphenoid bone