Levi Strauss & Co. - Wikipedia Levi Strauss & Co. `` Levi 's '' redirects here. For other uses, see Levi and Levis. This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. ( January 2011 ) Levi Strauss & Co. Type Private Industry Clothing Founded May 1, 1853 ; 164 years ago ( 1853 - 05 - 01 ) Founder Levi Strauss Headquarters San Francisco, California, U.S. Number of locations 2,800 company - operated stores Area served Worldwide Key people Chip Bergh ( CEO ) ; Harmit Singh ( CFO ) Products Jeans Brands Levi 's, Dockers, Denizen, Signature by Levi Strauss & Co. Revenue $ 4.553 billion ( 2016 ) Operating income $462.21 million ( 2016 ) Net income $291.21 million ( 2016 ) Total assets $2.987 billion ( 2016 ) Owner Relatives of Levi Strauss Number of employees 15,000 ( 2013 ) Website www.levistrauss.com Coordinates : 37 ° 48 ′ 10 '' N 122 ° 24 ′ 10 '' W ﻿ / ﻿ 37.8028575 ° N 122.4027911 ° W ﻿ / 37.8028575 ; - 122.4027911 Levi Strauss & Co. / ˌliːvaɪ ˈstraʊs / is a privately held American clothing company known worldwide for its Levi 's / ˌliːvaɪz / brand of denim jeans. It was founded in May 1853 when German immigrant Levi Strauss came from Buttenheim, Bavaria, to San Francisco, California to open a west coast branch of his brothers ' New York dry goods business. The company 's corporate headquarters is located in the Levi 's Plaza in San Francisco. Contents 1 History 1.1 Origin and formation ( 1853 -- 1890s ) 1.2 Growth in popularity ( 1910s -- 1960s ) 1.3 Blue jeans era ( 1960s -- 1980s ) 1.4 Brand competition ( 1990s ) 1.5 Recent developments ( 2000 -- present ) 2 Cultural impact 3 Corporate structure and staff 4 Current products 5 See also 6 References 7 Further reading 8 External links History Origin and formation ( 1853 -- 1890s ) Levi Strauss started the business at the 90 Sacramento Street address in San Francisco and then moved the location to 62 Sacramento Street. In 1858, the company was listed as Strauss, Levi ( David Stern & Lewis Strauss ) importers clothing etc. 63 & 65 Sacramento St. in the San Francisco Directory with Strauss serving as its sales manager and his brother - in - law, David Stern, as its manager. Jacob Davis, a Latvian Jewish immigrant, was a Reno, Nevada tailor who frequently purchased bolts of cloth made from denim from Levi Strauss & Co. 's wholesale house. After one of Davis ' customers kept purchasing cloth to reinforce torn pants, he had an idea to use copper rivets to reinforce the points of strain, such as on the pocket corners and at the base of the button fly. Davis did not have the required money to purchase a patent, so he wrote to Strauss suggesting that they go into business together. After Levi accepted Jacob 's offer, on May 20, 1873, the two men received U.S. Patent 139,121 from the United States Patent and Trademark Office. The patented rivet was later incorporated into the company 's jean design and advertisements. Contrary to an advertising campaign suggesting that Levi Strauss sold his first jeans to gold miners during the California Gold Rush ( which peaked in 1849 ), the manufacturing of denim overalls only began in the 1870s. The company created their first pair of Levis 501 Jeans in the 1890s. Growth in popularity ( 1910s -- 1960s ) Levi Strauss advertising on a building in Woodland, California Modern jeans began to appear in the 1920s, but sales were largely confined to the working people of the western United States, such as cowboys, lumberjacks, and railroad workers. Levi 's jeans apparently were first introduced to the East during the dude ranch craze of the 1930s, when vacationing Easterners returned home with tales ( and usually examples ) of the hard - wearing pants with rivets. Another boost came in World War II, when blue jeans were declared an essential commodity and were sold only to people engaged in defense work. Between the 1950s and 1980s, Levi 's jeans became popular among a wide range of youth subcultures, including greasers, mods, rockers, and hippies. Levi 's popular shrink - to - fit 501s were sold in a unique sizing arrangement ; the indicated size referred to the size of the jeans prior to shrinking, and the shrinkage was substantial. The company still produces these unshrunk, uniquely sized jeans, and they are still Levi 's number one selling product. Although popular lore ( abetted by company marketing ) holds that the original design remains unaltered, this is not the case : the crotch rivet and waist cinch were removed during World War II to conform to War Production Board requirements to conserve metal, and was not replaced after the war. Additionally, the back pocket rivets, which had been covered in denim since 1937, were removed completely in the 1950s due to complaints they scratched furniture. Blue jeans era ( 1960s -- 1980s ) This section does not cite any sources. Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. ( May 2014 ) A pair of Levi 's 501 raw jeans From the early 1960s through the mid-1970s, Levi Strauss experienced significant growth in its business as the more casual look of the 1960s and 1970s ushered in the `` blue jeans craze '' and served as a catalyst for the brand. Levi 's, under the leadership of Walter Haas, Peter Haas Sr., Paul Glasco and George P. Simpkins Sr., expanded the firm 's clothing line by adding new fashions and models, including stone - washed jeans through the acquisition of Great Western Garment Co. ( GWG ), a Canadian clothing manufacturer acquired by Levi 's. The acquisition led to the introduction of the modern `` stone washing '' technique, still in use by Levi Strauss. Simpkins is credited with the company 's record - paced expansion of its manufacturing capacity from 16 plants to more than 63 plants in the United States from 1964 to 1974 and 23 overseas. Levi 's ' expansion under Simpkins was accomplished without a single unionized employee as a result of Levi 's ' and the Haas family 's strong stance on human rights and Simpkins ' use of `` pay for performance '' manufacturing from the sewing machine operator level up. As a result, Levi 's ' plants were voted the highest performing, best organized and cleanest textile facilities of their time. From a company with fifteen salespeople, two plants, and almost no business east of the Mississippi in 1946, the organization grew in thirty years to include a sales force of more than 22,000, with 50 plants and offices in 35 countries. In the 1980s, The company closed around 60 of its manufacturing plants because of financial difficulties and strong competition from competitors. The Dockers brand, launched in 1986 and which is sold largely through department store chains, helped the company grow through the mid-1990s, as denim sales began to fade. Dockers were introduced into Europe in 1996 and led by CEO Jorge Bardina. Levi Strauss attempted to sell the Dockers division in 2004 to relieve part of the company 's $2.6 billion outstanding debt. Brand competition ( 1990s ) Levi 's 506 inside By the 1990s, Levi 's faced competition from other brands and cheaper products from overseas, and began accelerating the pace of its US factory - closures and its use of offshore subcontracting agreements. In 1991, Levi Strauss became implicated in a scandal involving pants made in the Northern Mariana Islands : some 3 % of Levi 's jeans sold annually with the Made in the USA label were shown to have been made by Chinese laborers under what the United States Department of Labor called `` slavelike '' conditions. As of 2016, most Levi 's jeans are made outside the US, though a few of the higher - end, more expensive styles are still made in the U.S. Cited for sub-minimum wages, seven - day work weeks with 12 - hour shifts, poor living conditions and other indignities, Tan Holdings Corporation, Levi Strauss ' Marianas subcontractor, paid what were then the largest fines in U.S. labor history, distributing more than $9 million in restitution to some 1,200 employees. Levi Strauss claimed no knowledge of the offenses, then severed ties to the Tan family and instituted labor reforms and inspection practices in its offshore facilities. The activist group Fuerza Unida ( United Force ) formed following the January 1990 closure of a plant in San Antonio, Texas, in which 1,150 seamstresses, some of whom had worked for Levi Strauss for decades, saw their jobs exported to Costa Rica. During the mid - and late - 1990s, Fuerza Unida picketed the Levi Strauss headquarters in San Francisco and staged hunger strikes and sit - ins in protest at the company 's labor policies. The company took on multibillion - dollar debt in February 1996 to help finance a series of leveraged stock buyouts among family members. Shares in Levi Strauss stock are not publicly traded ; the firm as of 2016 is owned almost entirely by indirect descendants and collateral relatives of Levi Strauss, whose four nephews inherited the San Francisco dry - goods firm after their uncle 's death in 1902. The corporation 's bonds are traded publicly, as are shares of the company 's Japanese affiliate, Levi Strauss Japan K.K. In June 1996, the company offered to pay its workers an unusual dividend of up to $750 million in six years ' time, having halted an employee - stock plan at the time of the internal family buyout. However, the company failed to make cash - flow targets, and no worker dividends were paid. The annual sales of the brand increased in 1997 to reach $7.1 billion. Recent developments ( 2000 -- present ) A Levi 's store in Chadstone Shopping Centre, Melbourne, Australia A Levi 's outlet store in Vaughan Mills, a mall in Vaughan, Ontario, Canada In 2002, Levi Strauss began a close business collaboration with Walmart, producing a special line of `` Signature '' jeans and other clothes for exclusive sale in Walmart stores until 2006. Levi Strauss leads the apparel industry in trademark infringement cases, filing nearly 100 lawsuits against competitors since 2001. Most cases center on the alleged imitation of Levi 's back pocket double arc stitching pattern ( U.S. trademark # 1,139,254 ), which Levi filed for trademark in 1978. Levi 's has successfully sued Guess, Polo Ralph Lauren, Esprit Holdings, Zegna, Zumiez, and Lucky Brand Jeans, among other companies. In 2002, the company closed its Valencia Street plant in San Francisco, which had opened the same year of the city 's April 1906 earthquake. By the end of 2003, the closure of Levi 's last U.S. factory in San Antonio ended 150 years of jeans made in the USA. Production of a few higher - end, more expensive styles of jeans resumed in the US several years later. By 2007, Levi Strauss was again profitable after declining sales in nine of the previous ten years. Its total annual sales, of just over $4 billion, were $3 billion less than during its peak performance in the mid-1990s. After more than two decades of family ownership, rumors of a possible public stock offering were floated in the media in July 2007. In 2009, it was noted in the media for selling jeans on interest - free credit, due to the global recession. In 2010, the company partnered with Filson, an outdoor - goods manufacturer in Seattle, to produce a high - end line of jackets and workwear. In 2011, the firm hired Chip Bergh as the president and chief executive of the brand. On May 8, 2013, the NFL 's San Francisco 49ers announced that Levi Strauss & Co. had purchased the naming rights to their new stadium in Santa Clara, California. The naming - rights deal called for Levi 's to pay $220.3 million to the city of Santa Clara and to the 49ers over twenty years, with an option to extend the deal for another five years for around $75 million. As of 2016, Levi Strauss Signature jeans sell are sold in 110 countries ( US, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Japan... ). In 2016, the company reported revenues of $4.6 billion. On July 13, 2017, Levi Strauss heir Bill Goldman died in a private plane crash near Sonoma, California. In 2017, Levi Strauss & Co. released a `` smart jacket '', an apparel they developed in partnership with Google. After two years of collaboration, the result was a denim jacket set at $350. Cultural impact Levi 's has been worn by people from all walks of life, from miners to Nobel Prize recipients including Albert Einstein himself, whose famous leather jacket was made by Levi Strauss & Co in the 1930 's and has recently been sold at auction house Christies for £ 110,500. Corporate structure and staff Levi 's Plaza, corporate headquarters Levi Strauss & Co. is a worldwide corporation organized into three geographic divisions : Levi Strauss Americas ( LSA ), headquartered in San Francisco ; Levi Strauss Europe ( LSE ), based in Brussels ; and Levi Strauss Asia Pacific, Middle East and Africa ( LSAMA ), based in Singapore. The company employs a staff of approximately 16,000 people worldwide. Current products Products include jeans, trousers, shorts, shirts, jackets, sweaters, T - shirts, underwear, socks, accessories, shoes, dresses, skirts, belts, overalls, jumpsuits and a `` big and tall '' range. Jeans are categorised by fit as : skinny, slim, straight, bootcut, taper, relaxed, flare and big & tall. Most of the adult denim jeans are identifiable by trademarked three digit style numbers. 501s are available in styles for both men and women, the rest of the 500 series are marketed for men and the 300, 400, 700, and 800 series for women, with the exception of 751s which are classic straight zip fly jeans. Tag from a pair of Levi 501 button fly jeans Detail of the back of a pair of Levi 's 501 jeans See also Jean jacket List of fashion designers List of companies of the United States Companies portal Fashion portal San Francisco Bay Area portal References Jump up ^ `` Investor FAQs ''. Levi Strauss. Retrieved 17 October 2017. Levi Strauss & Co. is privately held by the descendants of the family of Levi Strauss. Shares of company stock are not publicly traded. Jump up ^ `` Levi Strauss & Co. Announces Fourth - Quarter & Fiscal - Year 2013 Financial Results '' ( PDF ) ( Press release ). Levi Strauss. February 11, 2014. Retrieved March 11, 2016. ^ Jump up to : `` Levi Strauss & Co ''. Forbes. Retrieved May 22, 2014. ^ Jump up to : `` Levi Strauss & Co. Revenue and Financial ''. Jump up ^ `` Investor FAQs ''. Levi Strauss. Retrieved 17 October 2017. Jump up ^ `` Levi Strauss & Co. Celebrates 150th Anniversary ''. PR Newswire ( Press release ). May 1, 2003. Retrieved February 1, 2017. Jump up ^ Rothman, Lily. `` What TIME Got Wrong About the Invention of Blue Jeans ''. Time. Retrieved 2017 - 06 - 12. Jump up ^ Duxbury, Sarah ( July 13, 2009 ). `` Levi Strauss to stay put in San Francisco ''. San Francisco Business Times. Retrieved March 7, 2012. Jump up ^ `` David Stern & His Sons : Prime Movers of Levi Strauss & Co ''. Jewish Museum of the American West. Retrieved April 17, 2018. Jump up ^ Rocha, Guy ( September 1999 ). `` Levi ' 501 jeans : a riveting story in early Reno ''. Nevada Archives. Archived from the original on March 5, 2012. Jump up ^ `` Levi pants invented in Reno, Nevada ''. Sierra Sage, Carson City / Carson Valley, Nevada. March 1999. Archived from the original on March 5, 2012. Retrieved March 7, 2018 -- via State of Nevada Archives. Jump up ^ `` History of Jeans and Denim ''. History of Fashion. 2015 - 01 - 17. Retrieved 2017 - 06 - 12. Jump up ^ `` History of The Levi 's 501 Jeans '' ( PDF ). Retrieved March 11, 2016. Jump up ^ `` Our Story ''. levistrauss.com. Retrieved March 7, 2018. Jump up ^ Carin C. Quinn, `` The Jeaning of America -- and the World '', American Heritage 29 ( 3 ), April / May 1978. Archived January 9, 2009, at the Wayback Machine. Jump up ^ `` Levi Strauss & Co. American company ''. Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 2017 - 06 - 12. Jump up ^ May 1998, Case file Levi Strauss & Co Archived October 28, 2006, at the Wayback Machine. Jump up ^ `` The island that lost its shirts ''. Thestandard.com.hk. Archived from the original on February 9, 2009. Retrieved March 16, 2010. Jump up ^ Shenon, Philip ( July 18, 1993 ). `` The New York Times ; July 18, 1993 : Made in the U.S.A. ? Hard Labor on a Pacific Island / A special report. ; Saipan Sweatshops Are No American Dream ''. House.gov. Retrieved March 16, 2010. Jump up ^ Fuerza Unida Archived September 29, 2008, at the Wayback Machine. Jump up ^ `` Fuerza Unida ''. Inmotionmagazine.com. Retrieved March 16, 2010. Jump up ^ `` Fuerza Unida, Mujer a Mujer : Firsthand Account of Levi 's ''. Hartford-hwp.com. Retrieved March 16, 2010. Jump up ^ FUERZA UNIDA 710 New Laredo Hwy Archived November 30, 2001, at the Library of Congress Jump up ^ `` Levi Strauss & Co. -- Financials ''. LeviStrauss.com. Archived from the original on March 26, 2010. Retrieved March 16, 2010. Jump up ^ Sterngold, James ( June 13, 1996 ). `` Levi Strauss Offers To Pay A Dividend To Workers ''. The New York Times. Jump up ^ Hotten, Russell ( 2017 - 09 - 25 ). `` How jeans giant Levi Strauss got its mojo back ''. BBC News. Retrieved 2017 - 10 - 03. Jump up ^ Girard, Kim ( July 15, 2003 ). `` Supply Chain Partnerships : How Levi 's Got Its Jeans into Wal - Mart ''. CIO.com. Retrieved March 16, 2010. ^ Jump up to : Barbaro, Michael ; Creswell, Julie ( January 29, 2007 ). `` Levi 's Turns to Suing Its Rivals ''. The New York Times. Retrieved September 27, 2015. Jump up ^ `` Latest Status Info ''. Tarr.uspto.gov. Retrieved March 16, 2010. Jump up ^ Strasburg, Jenny ( April 9, 2002 ). `` Levi Strauss buttoning up its S.F. operations / Valencia Street factory to close by summer ''. San Francisco Chronicle. Retrieved May 22, 2014. ^ Jump up to : `` Levi 's set to close last U.S. factory ''. The Baltimore Sun. New York Times News Service. October 19, 2003. Retrieved May 22, 2014. Jump up ^ `` Levi Strauss profit up ; Home Depot lowers outlook ''. San Jose Mercury News. Associated Press. July 11, 2007. Retrieved January 10, 2017. Jump up ^ `` Levi Strauss earnings rise 61 % in 1st quarter ''. The Los Angeles Times. August 26, 1985. Archived from the original on February 6, 2009. Retrieved March 16, 2010. Jump up ^ `` Marketplace : Levi 's may be dressed up to go public ''. Marketplace.publicradio.org. July 11, 2007. Retrieved March 16, 2010. Jump up ^ `` Levi 's jeans lures Indians shoppers with credit plan ''. Taipeitimes.com. August 31, 2009. Retrieved March 11, 2016. Jump up ^ `` Easier said than done ''. Economist.com. April 15, 2010. Retrieved March 11, 2016. Jump up ^ `` Filson signs clothing deal with Levi 's ''. Puget Sound Business Journal. August 3, 2010. Retrieved April 21, 2012. Jump up ^ `` Chip Bergh - Levi Strauss ''. Levi Strauss. Retrieved 2017 - 10 - 03. ^ Jump up to : Loeb, Walter. `` How The Retail Industry Can Learn From Levi Strauss ' Transformation ''. Forbes. Retrieved 2017 - 10 - 03. Jump up ^ Rosenberg, Mike ( May 8, 2013 ). `` Levi 's Stadium : 49ers ' new Santa Clara home gets a name in $220 million deal ''. San Jose Mercury News. Retrieved May 8, 2013. Jump up ^ `` Bill Goldman, 38, historian, philanthropist and Levi Strauss heir, killed in plane crash ''. Jewish Telegraphic Agency. Jul 14, 2017. Jump up ^ 90210, HAL ( 2017 - 09 - 26 ). `` Jacquard : Google and Levi 's ' smart jacket ' that you can only wash 10 times ''. The Guardian. ISSN 0261 - 3077. Retrieved 2017 - 10 - 03. Jump up ^ `` Einstein 's Levis Jacket Sold For Over £ 100k ''. Stuarts London. Jump up ^ `` Levi Strauss.com ''. Retrieved June 18, 2016. Further reading Ford, Carin T. ( 2004 ). Levi Strauss : The Man Behind Blue Jeans ( Famous Inventors ). Enslow Publishers. ISBN 0 - 7660 - 2249 - 8. Van Steenwyk, Elizabeth ( 1988 ). Levi Strauss : The Blue Jeans Man. Walker. ISBN 0 - 8027 - 6795 - 8. Cray, Ed ( 1978 ). Levi 's : The Shrink to Fit business that stretched to cover the world. Houghton Mifflin Company. ISBN 0 - 395 - 26477 - 4. External links Wikimedia Commons has media related to Levi Strauss & Co... Levi 's Corporate site Levi 's India Levi Strauss Signature Levi 's Sponsorship of Project Runway Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Levi_Strauss_%26_Co.&oldid=836922814 '' Categories : 1930s fashion 1940s fashion 1950s fashion 1960s fashion 1970s fashion 1980s fashion 1990s fashion 2000s fashion 2010s fashion Multinational companies headquartered in the United States Clothing brands Clothing brands of the United States Clothing companies of the United States Companies established in 1853 Counterculture of the 1960s Financial District, San Francisco Jeans by brand Privately held companies based in California Manufacturing companies based in San Francisco Levi Strauss & Co. 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Question: when did levi's stop being made in usa
Answer: By the end of 2003