Walls of Jerusalem - Wikipedia Walls of Jerusalem For the national park in Tasmania, see Walls of Jerusalem National Park. This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. ( September 2010 ) This article may be expanded with text translated from the corresponding article in Hebrew. ( November 2014 ) Click for important translation instructions. View a machine - translated version of the Hebrew article. Google 's machine translation is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy - pasting machine - translated text into the English Wikipedia. Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low - quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign - language article. You must provide copyright attribution in the edit summary by providing an interlanguage link to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary ( using German ) : Content in this edit is translated from the existing German Wikipedia article at ( ( : de : Exact name of German article ) ) ; see its history for attribution. You should also add the template ( ( Translated he חומות ירושלים ) ) to the talk page. For more guidance, see Wikipedia : Translation. Walls of Jerusalem UNESCO World Heritage site Location Jerusalem Part of Old City of Jerusalem and its Walls Criteria Cultural : ( ii ), ( iii ), ( vi ) Reference 148rev Inscription 1981 ( 5th Session ) Endangered 1982 --... Coordinates 31 ° 47 ′ N 35 ° 13 ′ E ﻿ / ﻿ 31.783 ° N 35.217 ° E ﻿ / 31.783 ; 35.217 Coordinates : 31 ° 47 ′ N 35 ° 13 ′ E ﻿ / ﻿ 31.783 ° N 35.217 ° E ﻿ / 31.783 ; 35.217 Site proposed by Jordan Location of Walls of Jerusalem in Israel Walls of Jerusalem The Walls of Jerusalem ( Arabic : أسوار القدس ‎ ; Hebrew : חומות ירושלים ‬ ) surround the Old City of Jerusalem ( approx. 1 km2 ). In 1535, when Jerusalem was part of the Ottoman Empire, Sultan Suleiman I ordered the ruined city walls to be rebuilt. The work took some four years, between 1537 and 1541. The length of the walls is 4,018 meters ( 2.4966 mi ), their average height is 12 meters ( 39.37 feet ) and the average thickness is 2.5 meters ( 8.2 feet ). The walls contain 34 watchtowers and seven main gates open for traffic, with two minor gates reopened by archaeologists. In 1981, the Jerusalem walls were added, along with the Old City of Jerusalem, to the UNESCO World Heritage Site List. Contents 1 Pre-Israelite city 2 Israelite city ( ca. 1000 -- 587 / 86 BCE ) 3 Jewish postexilic city 4 Aelia Capitolina and Byzantine Jerusalem 5 Middle Ages 6 Ottoman period 7 See also 8 References Pre-israelite city The city of Jerusalem has been surrounded by walls for its defense since ancient times. In the Middle Bronze Age, a period also known in biblical terms as the era of the Patriarchs, a city named Jebus was built on the southeastern hill of Jerusalem, relatively small ( 50,000 square meters ) but well fortified. Remains of its walls are located above the Siloam Tunnel. The identification of Jebus with Jerusalem has been disputed, principally by Niels Peter Lemche. Supporting his case, every non-biblical mention of Jerusalem found in the ancient Near East refers to the city as ' Jerusalem '. An example of these records are the Amarna letters which are dated to the 14th century BCE, several of which were written by the chieftain of Jerusalem Abdi - Heba and call Jerusalem either Urusalim ( URU ú - ru - sa - lim ) or Urušalim ( URU ú - ru - ša - lim ) ( 1330s BCE ). Also in the Amarna letters, it is called Beth - Shalem, the house of Shalem. Israelite city ( ca. 1000 -- 587 / 86 BCE ) According to Jewish tradition, as expressed in the Tanakh, Jerusalem remained a Jebusite city until the rise of David, who conquered Jebus, renamed it City of David and started expanding it. His city was still located on the low southeastern hill, outside today 's Old City area. Solomon, David 's son, built the First Temple on the hilltop rising right above the city he had inherited, the Temple Mount, and then extended the city walls in order to protect the temple. During the First Temple period the city walls were extended to include the northwest hill as well, i.e. the area where today 's Jewish and Armenian Quarter ( Jerusalem ) Quarters are located. The entire city was destroyed in 587 / 86 BCE during the siege led by Nebuchadnezzar of Babylon. Jewish postexilic city After the Babylonian captivity and the Persian conquest of Babylonia, Cyrus II of Persia allowed the Jews to return to Judea and rebuild the Temple. The construction was finished in 516 BCE or 430 BCE. Then, Artaxerxes I or possibly Darius II allowed Ezra and Nehemiah to return and rebuild the city 's walls and to govern Judea, which was ruled as Yehud province under the Persians. During the Second Temple period, especially during the Hasmonean period, the city walls were expanded and renovated, constituting what Josephus calls the First Wall. Herod the Great added what Josephus called the Second Wall somewhere in the area between today 's Jaffa Gate and Temple Mount. Agrippa I ( r. 41 -- 44 CE ) later began the construction of the Third Wall, which was completed just at the beginning of the First Jewish -- Roman War. Some remains of this wall are located today near the Mandelbaum Gate gas station. Aelia Capitolina and byzantine Jerusalem In 70 CE, as a result of the Roman siege during the First Jewish -- Roman War, the walls were almost completely destroyed. Jerusalem would remain in ruins for some six decades and without protective walls for over two centuries. The pagan Roman city, Aelia Capitolina, which was built after 130 by Emperor Hadrian, was at first left without protective walls. After some two centuries without walls, a new set was erected around the city, probably during the reign of Emperor Diocletian, sometime between 289 and the turn of the century. The walls were extensively renewed by the Empress Aelia Eudocia during her banishment to Jerusalem ( 443 -- 460 ). Middle ages Damascus Gate with its crenelations In 1033, most of the walls constructed by Eudocia were destroyed by an earthquake. They had to be rebuilt by the Fatimids, who left out the southernmost parts that had been previously included : Mount Zion with its churches, and the southeastern hill ( the City of David ) with the Jewish neighborhoods which stood south of the Temple Mount. In preparation for the expected Crusader siege of 1099, the walls were strengthened yet again but to little avail. The conquest brought some destruction followed by reconstruction, as did the reconquest by Saladin in 1187. In 1202 to 1212 Saladin 's nephew, Al - Malik al - Mu'azzam ' Isa, ordered the reconstruction of the city walls, but later on, in 1219, he reconsidered the situation after most of the watchtowers had been built and had the walls torn down, mainly because he feared that the Crusaders would benefit of the fortifications if they managed to reconquer the city. For the next three centuries, the city remained without protective walls, the Temple Mount / Haram ash - Sharif and the citadel then being the only well - fortified areas. Ottoman period In the 16th century, during the reign of the Ottoman Empire in the region, Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent decided to rebuild the city walls fully, partly on the remains of the ancient walls. Being built 1535 and 1538, they are the walls that exist today. An inscription in Arabic from the reign of Suleiman the Magnificent states : Has decreed the construction of the wall he who has protected the home of Islam with his might and main and wiped out the tyranny of idols with his power and strength, he whom alone God has enabled to enslave the necks of kings in countries ( far and wide ) and deservedly acquire the throne of the Caliphate, the Sultan son of the Sultan son of the Sultan son of the Sultan, Suleyman. See also Broad Wall ( Jerusalem ) -- city wall of Jerusalem from the time of Hezekiah ( ca. 700 BCE ) Ancient city walls around the City of David, asserted First Temple - period structures City gates of the Old City of Jerusalem Southern Wall of the Temple Mount Western Wall -- aka Wailing Wall, the accessible part of the western retaining wall of the Temple Mount Walls of Jerusalem National Park -- a national park in Tasmania Australia named after the Walls of Jerusalem for having natural rock formations that resemble the Walls References Jump up ^ Jerome Murphy - O'Connor ( 2008 ). The Holy Land : An Oxford Archaeological Guide from Earliest Times to 1700. Oxford Archaeological Guides. Oxford : Oxford University Press. p. 12. ISBN 978 - 0 - 19 - 923666 - 4. Retrieved 8 January 2016. Jump up ^ http://www.antiquities.org.il/jerusalemwalls/hstry_12_eng.asp Jump up ^ Report of the 1st Extraordinary Session of the World Heritage Committee Jump up ^ Urusalim e.g. in EA 289 : 014, Urušalim e.g. in EA 287 : 025. Transcription online at `` ' ' The El Amarna Letters from Canaan ' ' ''. Tau.ac.il. Retrieved 11 September 2010. ; translation by Knudtzon 1915 ( English in Percy Stuart Peache Handcock, Selections from the Tell El - Amarna letters ( 1920 ). Jump up ^ See, e, g,, Holman Bible Dictionary, op. cit. supra. Jump up ^ Josephus, De Bello Judaico ( Wars of the Jews ) v. iv. § 2 Jump up ^ Building inscription commemorating the rebuilding of the walls of Jerusalem, Accession number : IAA 1942 - 265 Old City of Jerusalem and its walls World Heritage Site by UNESCO Judaism ( Sephardic / Ashke - nazi Chief Rabbis ) General Southern Wall Western Wall Western Wall Tunnel Little Western Wall Orthodox Jewish Hurva Synagogue Ohel Yitzchak Synagogue Ramban Synagogue Tiferet Yisrael Synagogue Ari Synagogue Four Sephardic Synagogues Ohr ha - Chaim Synagogue Tzuf Dvash Synagogue Areas, quarters Christian Quarter Muristan Muslim Quarter Armenian Quarter Jewish Quarter Temple Mount Gates 1. Jaffa 2. Zion 3. Dung 4. Golden 5. Lions 6. Herod 7. Damascus 8. New ( Double, Single, Tanners ' ) Al - Mawazin Surrounding streets, roads : Hativat Yerushalayim HaTsanhanim Jaffa Road Jericho Ma'ale HaShalom Ofel Sultan Suleiman Christianity `` Status quo '' Church of the Holy Sepulchre Deir Es - Sultan Via Dolorosa See also : New Church of the Theotokos Catholic ( Custody of the Holy Land ) Latin ( Patriarch ) Chapel of Simon of Cyrene Monastery of the Flagellation Church of the Condemnation Church of the Flagellation Church of the Holy Family Church of Saint James Intercisus Co-Cathedral of the Most Holy Name of Jesus Church of Saint Mary of the Germans Church of Saint Mary of the Latins Convent of the Sisters of Zion Church of Ecce Homo Monastery of Saint Saviour Church of Saint Anne Templum Domini Melkite Catholic ( Patriarch ) Cathedral of the Annunciation Armenian Catholic Church of Our Lady of Sorrows Eastern Orthodox Greek Orthodox ( Patriarch ) Church of Saint John the Baptist Oriental Orthodox Armenian Orthodox ( Patriarch ) Cathedral of Saint James Church of the Holy Archangels Church of Saint Toros Syriac Orthodox Monastery of Saint Mark Protestant Anglican Communion Episcopal Church in Jerusalem and the Middle East Christ Church Lutheran Evangelical Church in Germany Church of the Redeemer Islam ( Sunni Islamic Grand Mufti ) Noble Sanctuary ( Waqf ) Al - Aqsa Mosque Dome of the Ascension Dome of the Chain Dome of al - Khalili Dome of the Prophet Dome of the Rock Dome of Yusuf Marwani Mosque Other Al - Buraq Mosque Al - Yaqoubi Mosque Al - Khanqah al - Salahiyya Mosque Mosque of Omar Remnants or rebuilt buildings in italic ( governing authority in small ) Jerusalem portal Israel portal Palestine portal Judaism portal Christianity portal Islam portal World Heritage Sites in Israel and East Jerusalem Israel Old City of Acre Bahá'i Holy Places in Haifa and Western Galilee Negev incense route Avdat Haluza Mamshit Shivta Masada Sites of Human Evolution at Mount Carmel The Nahal Me'arot / Wadi el - Mughara Caves Biblical Tells Tel Be'er Sheva Tel Hazor Tel Megiddo White City of Tel Aviv Caves of Maresha and Beit Guvrin Necropolis of Bet She'arim East Jerusalem Old City of Jerusalem and its Walls Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Walls_of_Jerusalem&oldid=847027155 '' Categories : City walls World Heritage Sites in Asia Buildings and structures in Jerusalem Tourist attractions in Jerusalem Hidden categories : Articles needing additional references from September 2010 All articles needing additional references Articles to be expanded from November 2014 All articles to be expanded Featured articles needing translation from Hebrew Wikipedia Coordinates on Wikidata Articles containing Arabic - language text Articles containing Hebrew - language text Articles containing Akkadian - language text Talk Contents About Wikipedia Беларуская Беларуская ( тарашкевіца ) ‎ Català Čeština Español Esperanto Euskara Français हिन्दी Bahasa Indonesia עברית ქართული Português தமிழ் Türkçe اردو 中文 9 more Edit links This page was last edited on 22 June 2018, at 12 : 00 ( UTC ). Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution - ShareAlike License ; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia ® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization. About Wikipedia

Question: the building of the wall of jerusalem was done by who
Answer: Sultan Suleiman I