Removal of Confederate monuments and memorials - wikipedia Removal of Confederate monuments and memorials See also : List of Confederate monuments and memorials and Monument and memorial controversies in the United States The Robert E. Lee monument in New Orleans being lowered, May 19, 2017 In the wake of the Charleston church shooting in June 2015, several municipalities in the United States removed monuments and memorials dedicated to the Confederate States of America. The momentum accelerated in August 2017 after the Unite the Right rally in Charlottesville, Virginia. The removals were driven by the belief that the monuments glorify white supremacy and memorialize a government whose founding principle was the perpetuation and expansion of slavery. Many of those who object to the removals claim that the artifacts are part of the cultural heritage of the United States. The vast majority of these Confederate monuments were built during the Jim Crow Era ( 1877 - 1954 ) and the African - American Civil Rights Movement ( 1954 -- 1968 ) era as a means of intimidating African Americans and reaffirming white supremacy. The monuments have thus become highly politicized ; according to Eleanor Harvey, a senior curator at the Smithsonian American Art Museum and a scholar of Civil War history : `` If white nationalists and neo-Nazis are now claiming this as part of their heritage, they have essentially co-opted those images and those statues beyond any capacity to neutralize them again ''. According to Stan Deaton, senior historian at the Georgia Historical Society, `` These laws are the Old South imposing its moral and its political views on us forever more. This is what led to the Civil War, and it still divides us as a country. We have competing visions not only about the future but about the past. '' Contents 1 Background 2 Academic commentary 3 History of removals 4 Laws prohibiting removals 5 Removed monuments and memorials 6 Alabama 7 Arizona 8 Arkansas 9 California 10 Colorado 11 District of Columbia 12 Florida 13 Georgia 14 Kansas 15 Kentucky 16 Louisiana 17 Maine 18 Maryland 19 Massachusetts 20 Mississippi 21 Missouri 22 Montana 23 Nevada 24 New York 25 North Carolina 26 Ohio 27 South Carolina 28 Tennessee 29 Texas 30 Vermont 31 Virginia 32 Washington ( state ) 33 Wisconsin 34 Canada 35 See also 36 Further reading 37 Notes 38 References 39 External links Background See also : Lost Cause of the Confederacy Chart of public symbols of the Confederacy and its leaders as surveyed by the Southern Poverty Law Center, by year of establishment. Many of the Confederate monuments concerned were built in periods of racial conflict, such as when Jim Crow laws were being introduced in the late 19th century and at the start of the 20th century or during the Civil Rights Movement of the 1950s and 1960s. These two periods also coincided with the 50th anniversary and the American Civil War Centennial. The peak in construction of Civil War Monuments occurred between the late 1890s up to 1920, with a second, smaller peak in the late 1950s to mid 1960s. According to historian Jane Dailey from University of Chicago, in many cases the purpose of the monuments was not to celebrate the past but rather to promote a `` white supremacist future ''. Another historian, Karyn Cox, from University of North Carolina has written that the monuments are `` a legacy of the brutally racist Jim Crow era ''. Another historian from UNC, James Leloudis, stated that `` The funders and backers of these monuments are very explicit that they are requiring a political education and a legitimacy for the Jim Crow era and the right of white men to rule. '' Adam Goodheart, Civil War author and director of the Starr Center at Washington College, stated in National Geographic : `` They 're 20th - century artifacts in the sense that a lot of it had to do with a vision of national unity that embraced Southerners as well as Northerners, but importantly still excluded black people. '' Academic commentary In an August 2017 statement on the monuments controversy, the American Historical Association ( AHA ) said that to remove a monument `` is not to erase history, but rather to alter or call attention to a previous interpretation of history. '' The AHA noted that most monuments were erected `` without anything resembling a democratic process, '' and recommended that it was `` time to reconsider these decisions. '' According to the AHA, most Confederate monuments were erected during the late nineteenth and early twentieth century, and this undertaking was `` part and parcel of the initiation of legally mandated segregation and widespread disenfranchisement across the South. '' According to the AHA, memorials to the Confederacy erected during this period `` were intended, in part, to obscure the terrorism required to overthrow Reconstruction, and to intimidate African Americans politically and isolate them from the mainstream of public life. '' A later wave of monument building coincided with the civil rights movement, and according to the AHA `` these symbols of white supremacy are still being invoked for similar purposes. '' According to historian Adam Goodheart, the statues were meant to be symbols of white supremacy and the rallying around them by white supremacists will likely hasten their demise. Elijah Anderson, a professor of sociology at Yale University, said the statues `` really impacts the psyche of black people. '' Harold Holzer, the director of the Roosevelt House Public Policy Institute at Hunter College, agreed that the statues were designed to belittle African Americans. Dell Upton, chair of the Department of Art History at the University of California, Los Angeles, wrote that `` the monuments were not intended as public art, '' but rather were installed `` as affirmations that the American polity was a white polity, '' and that because of their explicitly white supremacist intent, their removal from civic spaces was a matter `` of justice, equity, and civic values. '' In a 1993 book, author Frank McKenney argued otherwise ; `` These monuments were communal efforts, public art, and social history, '' he wrote. Ex-soldiers and politicians had difficult time raising funds to erect monuments so the task mostly fell to the women, the `` mothers widows, and orphans, the bereaved fiancees and sisters '' of the soldiers who had lost their lives. Many ladies memorial associations were formed in the decades following the end of the Civil War, most of them joining the United Daughters of the Confederacy following its inception in 1894. The women were advised to `` remember that they were buying art, not metal and stone ; '' The history the monuments celebrated told only one side of the story, however -- one that was `` openly pro-Confederate, '' Upton argues. Furthermore, Confederate monuments were erected without the consent or even input of Southern African - Americans, who remembered the Civil War far differently, and who had no interest in honoring those who fought to keep them enslaved. According to Civil War historian Judith Giesberg, professor of history at Villanova University, `` White supremacy is really what these statues represent. '' Robert Seigler in his study of Confederate monuments in South Carolina found that out of the over one hundred and seventy that he documented, only five monuments were found dedicated to the African Americans who had been used by the Confederacy working `` on fortifications, and had served as musicians, teamsters, cooks, servants, and in other capacities, '' four of those were to slaves and one to a musician, Henry Brown. Eric Foner, a historian of the Civil War and biographer of Lincoln, argued that more statues of African - Americans like Nat Turner should be constructed. Alfred Brophy, a professor of law at the University of Alabama, argued the removal of the Confederate statues `` facilitates forgetting '', although these statues were `` re-inscribed images of white supremacy ''. Brophy also stated that the Lee statue in Charlottesville should be removed. History of removals Planned removal of the Robert Edward Lee Sculpture in Charlottesville, Va. sparked protests and counter-protests, resulting in three deaths. The removals were marked by events in Louisiana and Virginia within the span of two years. In Louisiana, after the Charleston church shooting of 2015, the city of New Orleans removed its Confederate memorials two years later. A few months later, in August 2017, a state of emergency was declared in Virginia after a Unite the Right rally against the removal of the Robert Edward Lee statue in Charlottesville turned violent. Other events followed across the United States. In Baltimore, for example, the city 's Confederate statues were removed on the night of August 15 -- 16, 2017. Mayor Catherine Pugh said that she ordered the overnight removals to preserve public safety. Similarly, in Lexington, Kentucky, Mayor Jim Gray asked the city council on August 16, 2017 to approve the relocation of two statues from a courthouse. A different event occurred in Durham, North Carolina, where several protesters toppled the Confederate Soldiers Monument outside the Old Durham County Courthouse on August 15, 2017. Eight activists were arrested in connection with the illegal action. Laws prohibiting removals In Alabama ( 2017 ), Mississippi ( 2004 ), North Carolina ( 2015 ), South Carolina ( 2000 ), Tennessee ( 2016 ), and Virginia ( 1902 ), state laws prohibit the removal or alteration of monuments. Attempts to repeal these laws have not yet ( 2017 ) been successful. Alabama 's law, the Alabama Memorial Preservation Act, was passed in May 2017, North Carolina 's law in 2015. Tennessee passed its Tennessee Heritage Protection Act in 2016. The removal of the Confederate flag from the South Carolina capitol required a 2 / 3 vote of both houses of the legislature. A 2017 Reuters poll found that 54 % of adults stated that the monuments should remain in all public spaces, and 27 % said they should be removed, while 19 % said they were unsure. The results were split along racial and political lines, with Republicans and whites preferring to keep the monuments in place, while Democrats and minorities preferring their removal. Another 207 poll, by HuffPost / YouGov, found that 33 % of respondents favored removal while 48 % were opposed, with roughly 18 % unsure about removal. Removed monuments and memorials Alabama Birmingham In August 2017, immediately after William A. Bell, the mayor of Birmingham, draped a Confederate memorial with plastic and surrounded it with plywood with the rationale `` This country should in no way tolerate the hate that the KKK ( Ku Klux Klan ), neo-Nazis, fascists and other hate groups spew '', Alabama Attorney General Steve Marshall sued Bell and the city for violating a new ( 2017 ) state law that prohibits the `` relocation, removal, alteration, or other disturbance of any monument on public property that has been in place for 40 years or more ''. Demopolis Confederate Park. Renamed `` Confederate Park '' in 1923 at the request of the United Daughters of the Confederacy. A Confederate soldier statue was erected in 1910 at the intersection of North Main Avenue and West Capital Street adjacent to the Park. It was destroyed on July 16, 2016, when a policeman accidentally crashed his patrol car into the monument. The statue fell from its pedestal and was heavily damaged. In 2017, Demopolis city government voted 3 -- 2 to move the damaged Confederate statue to a local museum and to install a new obelisk memorial that honors both the Union and the Confederate soldiers. Arizona Fort Breckinridge : Named for John C. Breckinridge, U.S. Vice President, from its opening in 1861 until 1862, when it was renamed Fort Breckenridge to distance it from Breckinridge, who had become a Confederate general. Named Camp Grant ( for Union general Ulysses S. Grant ) in 1865. Site closed in 1872, when Camp Grant was moved to a new location. Arkansas Fort Smith : Southside High School : Until 2016, the school nickname was the Rebels. Its mascot was Johnny Reb, a fictional personification of a Confederate soldier. The school also discontinued the use of `` Dixie '' as its fight song. Little Rock : Confederate Boulevard was renamed to Springer Boulevard in 2015. The new name honors an African - American family prominent in the area since the Civil War. California Long Beach Robert E. Lee Elementary School. Renamed Olivia Herrera Elementary School on August 1, 2016. Los Angeles Confederate Monument, Hollywood Forever Cemetery. `` Covered with a tarp and whisked away in the middle of the night after activists called for its removal and spray - painted the word ' No ' on its back, '' August 15, 2017. San Diego Robert E. Lee Elementary School, established 1959. Renamed Pacific View Leadership Elementary School on May 22, 2016. Markers of the Jefferson Davis Highway, installed in Horton Plaza in 1926 and moved to the western sidewalk of the plaza following a 2016 renovation. Following the Charlottesville terror attack in Virginia, the San Diego City Council removed the plaque on August 16, 2017. San Lorenzo : San Lorenzo High School. Until 2017, the school nickname was the `` Rebels '' -- a tribute to the Confederate soldier in the Civil War. Its mascot, The Rebel Guy, was retired in 2016. The school 's original mascot, Colonel Reb, was a white man with a cane and goatee who was retired in 1997. Quartz Hill : Quartz Hill High School. Until 1995, the school had a mascot called Johnny Reb, who would wave a Confederate Flag at football games. Johnny Reb had replaced another Confederate - themed mascot, Jubilation T. Cornpone, who waved the Stars and Bars flag at football games. `` Slave Day '' fundraisers were phased out in the 1980 's. Colorado Breckenridge Originally named Breckinridge, after Vice-President John C. Breckinridge ; spelling changed after Breckinridge became a Confederate general. District of columbia U.S. Capitol, National Statuary Hall Collection : Alabama 's statue of Confederate officer Jabez Curry was replaced by a statue of Helen Keller in 2009. In 2017, Washington National Cathedral removed stained glass windows honoring Robert E. Lee and Stonewall Jackson. In 2016, it had removed the small Confederate flags in those windows. Florida An August, 2017 meeting of the Florida League of Mayors was devoted to the topic of what to do with Civil War monuments. Bradenton On August 22, 2017, the Manatee County Commission voted 4 -- 3 to move the Confederate monument in front of the county courthouse to storage. Daytona Beach In August 2017, the Daytona Beach city manager made the decision to remove three plaques from Riverfront Park that honored Confederate veterans. Gainesville Confederate monument called `` Old Joe '', Alachua County courthouse lawn, unveiled January 20, 1904. Removed from government land to a private cemetery in 2017, with participation of the Daughters of the Confederacy. Orlando Confederate `` Johnny Reb '' monument, Lake Eola Park. Erected in 1911 on Magnolia Avenue ; moved to Lake Eola Park in 1917. Removed from the park to a private location in 2017. St. Petersburg Marker for the Stonewall Jackson Memorial Highway erected on January 22, 1939, was removed on August 15, 2017. Tampa In 1997, county commissioners removed the Confederate flag from the Hillsborough County seal. In a compromise, they voted to hang a version of the flag in the county center. Commissioners voted in 2015 to remove that flag. In 2007 the county stopped honoring Confederate History Month. In June 2017, the Hillsborough County School Board started a review of how to change the name of Robert E. Lee Elementary School in east Tampa. The Hillsborough County Board of Commissioners in July 2017, voted to remove the Memoria in Aeterna ( Eternal Memory ) monument, erected in 1911 at Franklin and Lafayette Streets and moved to its current location, in front of the then - new county courthouse, in 1952. Tallahassee Flag of the Confederacy removed from Senate seal, displayed in its chambers and on the Senate letterhead. Decided to remove August 19, 2015, new shield in place 2016. The State Senate Seal included the Confederate Battle Flag from 1972 to 2016. The Senate voted in October 2015 to replace the confederate symbol with the Florida State Flag in the wake of the racially motivated Charleston shootings. The Confederate Stainless Banner flag flew over the west entrance of the Florida State Capitol from 1978 until 2001, when Gov. Jeb Bush ordered it removed. West Palm Beach Confederate monument, Woodlawn Cemetery ( 1941 ), located at the front gate, directly behind an American flag. `` The only one south of St. Augustine, likely the only Confederate statue in Palm Beach and Broward counties, said historian Janet DeVries, who leads cemetery tours at Woodlawn. '' Vandalized several times. Removed and placed in storage by order of Mayor Jeri Muoio on August 22, 2017, since its owner, the United Daughters of the Confederacy, had not claimed it despite notification. `` Believed by local historians to be the last Confederate monument in Palm Beach County. '' Georgia Athens : A portrait of Robert E. Lee was removed from a building on the campus of the University of Georgia by the Demosthenian Literary Society. Confederate Memorial Day : Georgia removed the Confederate reference in 2015. The last Monday in April is now known as `` State Holiday. '' Kansas Lyon County Between 1855 and 1862, Lyon County was known as Breckinridge County, named for John C. Breckinridge, U.S. Vice President and Confederate general. Wichita Confederate Flag Bicentennial Memorial ( 1962, removed 2015 ). The Confederate battle flag had been displayed at the John S. Stevens Pavilion at Veterans Memorial Plaza near downtown since 1976, when it was placed there in a historical flag display as part of the nation 's bicentennial. The flag was removed July 2, 2015 by order of Mayor Jeff Longwell. Kentucky Florence : Boone County High School. The mascot for the school was Mr. Rebel, a Confederate general who stands tall in a light blue uniform, feathered cap, and English mustache. It was removed in 2017. Louisville The Confederate Monument in Louisville statue was dedicated in 1895 and was placed next to the University of Louisville on city property. It was removed and re-located to a riverfront park in Brandenburg, Kentucky in December 2016. Lexington Lexington Mayor Jim Gray proposed the removal of two public statues commemorating John Hunt Morgan and John C. Breckinridge. The city council approved the removal on August 17, 2017, giving the mayor 30 days to determine a new location. They were removed on October 17, 2017 and will be placed in storage pending completion of an agreement to re-locate the statues to Lexington Cemetery. Louisiana To comply with a 2015 City Council order, New Orleans removed statues of Confederate President Jefferson Davis ; Gen. Robert E. Lee, who resigned his U.S Army commission at the time of Virginia 's secession and accepted command of the state 's military forces ; Gen. Pierre G.T. Beauregard, who oversaw the Battle of Fort Sumter ; and the Battle of Liberty Place Monument. Court challenges were unsuccessful. The workers who moved the monuments were dressed in bullet - proof vests, helmets, and masks to conceal their identities because of concerns about their safety. According to Mayor Landrieu, `` The original firm we 'd hired to remove the monuments backed out after receiving death threats and having one of his cars set ablaze. '' `` The city said it was weighing where to display the monuments so they could be ' placed in their proper historical context from a dark period of American history. '' On May 19, 2017, the Monumental Task Committee, an organization that maintains monuments and plaques across the city, commented on the removal of the statues : `` Mayor Landrieu and the City Council have stripped New Orleans of nationally recognized historic landmarks. With the removal of four of our century - plus aged landmarks, at 299 years old, New Orleans now heads into our Tricentennial more divided and less historic. '' Landrieu replied on the same day : `` These statues are not just stone and metal. They are not just innocent remembrances of a benign history. These monuments purposefully celebrate a fictional, sanitized Confederacy ; ignoring the death, ignoring the enslavement, and the terror that it actually stood for. '' Jefferson Davis Monument in New Orleans, Louisiana ; left : the monument being unveiled February 22, 1911 ; right : after removal of statue and pedestal May 11, 2017. New Orleans Battle of Liberty Place Monument -- erected 1891 to commemorate the Reconstruction - era Battle of Liberty Place. Removed April 24, 2017. The workers were dressed in flak jackets, helmets and scarves to conceal their identities because of concerns about their safety. Police officers watched from a nearby hotel. Jefferson Davis Monument -- erected in 1911. Removed May 11, 2017. General Beauregard Equestrian Statue -- erected in 1913. Removed May 17, 2017. Robert E. Lee monument -- erected in 1884. Statue atop a 60 - foot ( 18 m ) column with 12 - foot ( 3.7 m ) on an earthen mound. Statue removed May 19, 2017. Maine Brunswick, Maine Confederate plaque, Bowdoin College. Installed in 1965, removed in August 2017. Maryland Annapolis Statue of Chief Justice of the United States Roger Taney, Maryland State House grounds ( 1872 ). Taney remained loyal to the Union, and as Chief Justice of the Supreme Court, administered the oath of office to Abraham Lincoln as President of the United States. Taney remained Chief Justice until his death in 1864. However, he was the author of the pro-slavery Dred Scott decision, leading up to the Civil War. Monuments to him are being removed at the same time, and for the same reasons, as Confederate monuments. Removed August 18, 2017. Like the Baltimore monuments removed two days before, it was removed in the dead of night, under police guard. Baltimore Confederate Soldiers and Sailors Monument ( Spirit of the Confederacy ), Mount Royal Avenue. Defaced with red paint August 13, 2017. In 2015, defaced with yellow paint saying `` black lives matter ''. Removed August 16, 2017. Confederate Women 's Monument. Charles Street and University Parkway. Removed August 16, 2017. Robert E. Lee and Stonewall Jackson Monument. On the northwestern side of the Wyman Park Dell, Charles Village, opposite the Baltimore Museum of Art, and just south of Homewood Campus of Johns Hopkins University. Removed August 16, 2017. Roger B. Taney ( sculpture ). A recasting ( copy ) of the Annapolis statue ( 1879 ). Removed August 16, 2017. Ellicott City, Howard County Howard County Courthouse Confederate Monument. Dedicated in 1948. Removed on August 22, 2017. Rockville Confederate Monument. The monument was removed in July 2017 from its original location outside the Rockville Court House to private land. The monument was originally donated in 1913. Massachusetts Fort Warren, Georges Island, Boston Harbor : Memorial to 13 Confederate prisoners who died in captivity. Dedicated in 1963 ; Removed October 2017. Mississippi Jackson Davis Magnet IB School. Renamed `` Barack Obama Magnet IB School '' in 2017. Missouri Kansas City, Missouri United Daughters of the Confederacy Monument on Ward Parkway was removed on August 25, 2017. St. Louis Memorial to the Confederate Dead, removed in June 2017 from Forest Park, awaits a new home outside St. Louis City and County limits ( per agreement between the city and Missouri Civil War Museum in Jefferson Barracks ). Montana Helena Confederate Memorial Fountain ( 1916 ). City Council voted August 17, 2017 to remove it. It was removed on August 18, 2017. Nevada Paradise : University of Nevada, Las Vegas ( UNLV ) : Until the 1970 's, the school mascot was Beauregard, a wolf dressed in a gray military field jacket and Confederate cap. Beauregard was named for CSA Gen. P.G.T. Beauregard. New York New York City Brooklyn On August 16, 2017, the Episcopal Diocese of Long Island removed a 1912 plaque from a tree Robert E. Lee planted between 1842 and 1847. They also removed a second marker erected by the United Daughters of the Confederacy in 1935. New York Governor Andrew Cuomo has ordered name changes of streets named for Lee and Jackson in the Fort Hamilton section of Brooklyn. The Bronx Busts of Stonewall Jackson and Robert E. Lee are in the Hall of Fame for Great Americans at Bronx Community College. New York State Governor Andrew Cuomo has ordered their removal. North Carolina A state law, the Historic Artifact Management and Patriotism Act ( 2015 ), prevents removal or relocation of monuments. In 2017 Governor Roy Cooper asked the North Carolina legislature to repeal the law. He also asked the Department of Natural and Cultural Resources to `` determine the cost and logistics of removing Confederate monuments from state property. '' Reidsville From 1910 to 2011, the monument stood in Reidsville 's downtown area. In 2011, a motorist hit the monument, shattering the granite soldier which stood atop it. Placing the monument back in the center of town sparked a debate between local officials, neighbors and friends -- which resulted in it being placed at its current site -- the Greenview Cemetery. Chapel Hill A 1923 building at the University of North Carolina - Chapel Hill was named for William L. Saunders, colonel in the Confederate army and head of the Ku Klux Klan in North Carolina. In 2014, the building was renamed Carolina Hall. Durham The Old Durham County Courthouse statue was pulled down by protesters, later arrested, on August 14, 2017. It is being stored in a county warehouse. After vandalism, the statue of Robert E. Lee was removed from the chapel at Duke University August 19, 2017. Ohio Franklin Confederate Gen. Robert E. Lee roadside plaque. Removed August 16 -- 17, 2017. Columbus : Camp Chase Cemetery 's Confederate Soldier Memorial. Dedicated in 1902. The statue on top was toppled and decapitated by vandals on August 22, 2017. A federal agency plans to repair the bronze statue. Worthington : An Ohio state historical marker outside the home where CSA Brigadier General Roswell S. Ripley was born was removed August 18, 2017. Willoughby : Willoughby South High School : In 2017, the school dropped its `` Rebel '' mascot -- a man dressed in a gray Confederate military outfit -- but kept the `` Rebel '' nickname. South Carolina Columbia The Confederate flag was raised over the South Carolina statehouse in 1962. In 2000 the legislature voted to remove it and replace it with a flag on a flagpole in front of the Capitol. In 2015 the complete removal was approved by the required 2 / 3 majority of both houses of the Legislature. Rock Hill In 2017, the Confederate flag and pictures of Jackson and Lee were removed from the York County courthouse. Tennessee Confederate Memorial Hall in 2006 Nashville Confederate Memorial Hall, Vanderbilt University, was renamed Memorial Hall on August 15, 2016. Since the building `` was built on the back of a $50,000 donation from the United Daughters of the Confederacy in 1933 '', the university returned to them its 2017 equivalent, $1.2 million. Texas Arlington : Six Flags Over Texas theme park : In August 2017 removed the Stars and Bars Confederate Flag after flying it for 56 years along with the flags of the other countries that Texas has been part of. In the 1990s the park renamed the Confederacy section the Old South section and removed all Confederate Battle Flags. Austin : University of Texas In 2015, a statue of Jefferson Davis from the university 's Mall was moved to a museum. SCV unsuccessfully fought this move in court. They likened the move to the destruction of cultural heritage by ISIL while the University President Gregory L. Fenves said `` it is not in the university 's best interest to continue commemorating him ( Davis ) on our Main Mall. '' After the removal of the Jefferson Davis statue in 2015 there were three remaining Confederate statues left on the South Mall at the University of Texas, portraying Generals Robert E. Lee and Albert Sidney Johnston, and Confederate Postmaster John H. Reagan. They were dedicated in 1933. On August 20 -- 21, 2017 the university removed the three Confederate statues from the Austin campus grounds and relocated them to a museum. The decision was inspired by the protests in Charlottesville, VA. Dallas : Robert E. Lee Statue ( 1936 ) located in Lee Park along Turtle Creek Boulevard. Dedicated in 1936 to celebrate the Texas Centennial Exposition. Removed September 14, 2017 after the city council voted 13 -- 1 to remove it. Robert E. Lee Park : The park was temporarily renamed `` Oak Lawn Park '' until a permanent name can be approved. Garland : South Garland High School removed various Confederate symbols in 2015. A floor tile mosaic donated by the Class of 1968 and a granite sign in front of the school were replaced. Both had incorporated the Confederate flag, which was part of the school 's original coat of arms. In addition, the district has dropped `` Dixie '' as the tune for the school fight song. The school changed its Colonel mascot 's uniform from Confederate gray to red and blue in 1991. Houston : Downing Street. Renamed Emancipation Avenue in 2017. Lee High School ( 1962 ). Originally known as Robert E. Lee High School, district leaders dropped the `` Robert E. '' from the school 's title to distance the school from the Confederate general. School officials changed the name to Margaret Long Wisdom High School in 2016. Westbury High School changed the nickname of its athletic teams from the `` Rebels '' to the `` Huskies. '' San Antonio : Confederate Soldiers ' Monument, dedicated April 28, 1899, located in Travis Park next to The Alamo. Removed September 1, 2017. Vermont Brattleboro : Brattleboro Union High School. Until 2004, the school mascot was Colonel Reb, a Confederate plantation owner. South Burlington : South Burlington High School Confederate themed Captain Rebel mascot ( 1961 ), use of the Confederate Battle Flag, and playing of Dixie almost immediately sparked controversy during the Civil Rights era and every decade since. The school board voted to retain the name in 2015 but to change it in 2017. `` The Rebel Alliance '', a community group opposed to changing the mascot has lead two successful efforts to defeat the school budget in public votes as a protest. The students choose the `` Wolves '' and rebranding is proceeding. Virginia Lee sculpture covered in tarp following the Unite the Right rally Bailey 's Crossroads : J.E.B. Stuart High School ( 1958 ). Following protests by students and alumni that began in June 2015, the school board voted in July 2017 to rename the school by the beginning of the 2019 school year. Charlottesville Lee Park, the setting for an equestrian statue of Robert Edward Lee, was renamed Emancipation Park on February 6, 2017. On February 6, the Charlottesville City Council also voted to remove the equestrian statue of Lee. In April, the City Council voted to sell the statue. In May a six - month court injunction staying the removal was issued as a result of legal action by the Sons of Confederate Veterans and others. In June 2016 the pedestal had been spray painted with the words `` Black Lives Matter '', and overnight between July 7 and 8, 2017, it was vandalized by being daubed in red paint. On August 20, 2017, the City Council unanimously voted to shroud the statue, and that of Stonewall Jackson, in black. The Council `` also decided to direct the city manager to take an administrative step that would make it easier to eventually remove the Jackson statue. '' The statues were covered in black shrouds on August 23, 2017. On September 6, 2017, the city council voted to remove a statue of Confederate Gen. Thomas `` Stonewall '' Jackson from Emancipation Park. Jackson Park, named for Stonewall Jackson, was renamed Justice Park. The University of Virginia Board of Visitors ( trustees ) voted unanimously to remove two plaques from the university 's Rotunda that honored students and alumni who fought and died for the Confederacy in the Civil War. The University also agreed `` to acknowledge a $1,000 gift in 1921 from the Ku Klux Klan and contribute the amount, adjusted for inflation, to a suitable cause. '' Front Royal The segregation academy John S. Mosby Academy, named for Confederate hero John S. Mosby, was founded in 1959 as an all - white school. It closed in 1969. Lexington In 2011, the City Council passed an ordinance to ban the flying of flags other than the United States flag, the Virginia Flag, and an as - yet - undesigned city flag on city light poles. Various flags of the Confederacy had previously been flown on city light poles to commemorate the Virginia holiday Lee -- Jackson Day, which is observed on the Friday before Martin Luther King, Jr. Day. About 300 Confederate flag supporters, including members of the Sons of Confederate Veterans, rallied before the City Council meeting, and after the vote the Sons of Confederate Veterans vowed to challenge the new local ordinance in court. Court challenges have not been successful and the ordinance remains in effect. Lexington, for whom its Confederate past and monuments are an embarassment, tried to prevent individuals from flying Confederate flags on their own property, but a 1993 federal injunction blocked this. On the campus of Washington and Lee University, a large Confederate battle flag and a number of related flags were removed from the Lee Chapel in 2014. Close to Lee Chapel is the older Grace Episcopal Church, where Lee attended. In 1903 the church was renamed the R.E. Lee Memorial Church. In 2017 the church changed its name back to Grace Episcopal Church. Lynchburg A statue of Confederate veteran George Morgan Jones was removed from the Randolph College grounds on August 25, 2017. Washington ( state ) Blaine and Vancouver : Stone markers at both ends of the state designating Highway 99 the `` Jeff Davis Highway '' were erected in the 1930s by the Daughters of the Confederacy, with State approval. They were removed in 2002 through the efforts of State Representative Hans Dunshee and city officials, and after it was discovered that the highway was never officially designated to memorialize Davis by the State. Markers are now on Sons of Confederate Veterans owned `` Jefferson Davis Park '' in Ridgefield right beside I - 5. Clark County Historic Preservation Commission in attendance -- Mark Pelletier, Sarah Fox, Sean Denniston, Rob Heaney and Alex Gall -- all voted to remove the granite highway marker from its local heritage list on October 2, 2017. Bellingham : Pickett Bridge, commemorating an earlier wooden bridge erected by US Army Capt. Pickett over Whatcom Creek. Sign erected in 1920, was removed August 18, 2017, along with signs leading to Pickett House. Wisconsin Madison Confederate Rest section of Forest Hill Cemetery. This section of the cemetery contains the remains of more than 100 Confederate soldiers who died as prisoners of war at nearby Camp Randall. In 2015, a flag pole was removed from the section. The pole had been used to fly the Confederate flag for one week around Memorial Day. On August 17, 2017, a plaque dedicated to the buried confederate soldiers was removed on the order of Madison mayor Paul Soglin. A larger stone monument listing the names of the deceased was also ordered to be removed, but the removal was postponed until logistics could be worked out. Canada A plaque in a Montreal Hudson 's Bay Company store commemorating Jefferson Davis ' brief stay in the city was installed by the United Daughters of the Confederacy in 1957 ; it was removed following the Charlottesville rally, under pressure from the public. See also Social movements portal Decommunization in Ukraine ( A similar campaign of monument and memorial removals in Ukraine since 2014 ) Denazification, removal of Nazi symbols in Germany after World War II List of monuments and memorials of the Confederate States of America Memorials to Abraham Lincoln Memorials to Martin Luther King Jr. Monument controversies in the United States Rhodes Must Fall, statue removal campaign in South Africa & Oxford University Further reading Horwitz, Tony ( August 16, 2017 ). `` Is the Confederacy finally about to die for good ? ''. The Washington Post. Fortin, Jacey. `` Toppling Monuments, a Visual History ''. The New York Times. ISSN 0362 - 4331. Retrieved 2017 - 10 - 10. `` Confederate Monuments Are Coming Down Across the United States. Here 's a List ''. The New York Times. Astor, Maggie ; Fandos, Nicholas ( 2017 - 08 - 17 ). `` Confederate Leaders ' Descendants Say Statues Can Come Down ''. The New York Times. ISSN 0362 - 4331. Retrieved 2017 - 10 - 10. Newkirk II, Vann R. `` Growing Up in the Shadow of the Confederacy ''. The Atlantic. Retrieved 2017 - 10 - 10. Applebaum, Anne. `` Opinion Ukraine has finally removed all 1,320 Lenin statues. Our turn. ''. Washington Post. Retrieved 2017 - 10 - 10. Notes Jump up ^ Graham ( 2016 ) `` Many of the treasured monuments that seem to offer a connection to the post-bellum South are actually much later, anachronistic constructions, and they tend to correlate closely with periods of fraught racial relations ''. Jump up ^ Graham ( 2016 ) `` A timeline of the genesis of the Confederate sites shows two notable spikes. One comes around the turn of the 20th century, just after Plessy v. Ferguson, and just as many Southern states were establishing repressive race laws. The second runs from the mid-1950s to the mid-1960s -- the peak of the civil - rights movement. '' References Jump up ^ Schachar, Natalie ( August 15, 2015 ). `` Jindal seeks to block removal of Confederate monuments in New Orleans ''. Los Angeles Times. Retrieved August 17, 2017. ^ Jump up to : Kenning, Chris ( August 15, 2017 ). `` Confederate Monuments Are Coming Down Across the United States ''. The New York Times. Cite error : Invalid < ref > tag ; name `` : 0 '' defined multiple times with different content ( see the help page ). Jump up ^ `` U.S. cities step up removal of Confederate statues, despite Virginia ''. Reuters. August 16, 2017. ^ Jump up to : `` Why the U.S. Capitol Still Hosts Confederate Monuments ''. News.nationalgeographic.com. August 17, 2017. Retrieved August 20, 2017. Jump up ^ `` What Confederate Monument Builders Were Thinking ''. Bloomberg.com. August 20, 2017. Retrieved August 21, 2017. Jump up ^ `` Confederate Statues Were Built To Further A ' White Supremacist Future ' ''. NPR.org. Retrieved August 21, 2017. Jump up ^ The History of Blaming ' Both Sides ' and Why Language Matters, retrieved August 21, 2017 Jump up ^ Drum, Kevin ( August 15, 2017 ). `` The real story behind all those Confederate statues ''. Mother Jones. Retrieved August 27, 2017. Jump up ^ Zorthian, Julia. `` Trump : It 's ' Sad ' to See U.S. Culture ' Ripped Apart ' by Removing Statues ''. Time. Retrieved 2017 - 10 - 10. Jump up ^ Parks, Miles ( 20 August 2017 ). `` Why Were Confederate Monuments Built ? : NPR ''. NPR. Retrieved 28 August 2017. Jump up ^ `` Striking graphic reveals the construction of Confederate monuments peaked during the Jim Crow and civil rights eras ''. The Week. 15 August 2017. Retrieved 28 August 2017. ^ Jump up to : Confederate Monuments and Civic Values in the Wake of Charlottesville. Dell Upton, Society of American Historians, 13 September 2017 Jump up ^ Bliss, Jessica ; Meyer, Holly ( August 17, 2017 ). `` In the South, Confederate monuments often protected, hard to remove thanks to state laws ''. The Tennessean. Jump up ^ Gunter, Booth ; Kizzire, Jamie ( April 21, 2016 ). Gunter, Booth, ed. `` Whose heritage ? Public Symbols of the Confederacy ''. Southern Poverty Law Center. Retrieved October 6, 2017. In an effort to assist the efforts of local communities to re-examine these symbols, the SPLC launched a study to catalog them. For the final tally ( of 1,503 ), the researchers excluded nearly 2,600 markers, battlefields, museums, cemeteries and other places or symbols that are largely historical in nature. Jump up ^ Cite error : The named reference NPR was invoked but never defined ( see the help page ). ^ Jump up to : Graham, David A. ( April 26, 2016 ). `` Why Are There Still So Many Confederate Monuments ? ''. The Atlantic. Retrieved August 15, 2017. Jump up ^ `` Whose Heritage ? Public Symbols of the Confederacy ''. Southern Poverty Law Center. April 21, 2016. Retrieved September 15, 2017. The second spike began in the early 1950s and lasted through the 1960s, as the civil rights movement led to a backlash among segregationists. These two periods also coincided with the 50th and 100th anniversaries of the Civil War Jump up ^ `` Whose Heritage ? Public Symbols of the Confederacy ''. Southern Poverty Law Center. April 21, 2016. Retrieved August 18, 2017. Jump up ^ `` Confederate Statues Were Built To Further A ' White Supremacist Future ' ''. npr.org. Retrieved September 23, 2017. Jump up ^ Cox, Karen L. ( August 16, 2017 ). `` Analysis -- The whole point of Confederate monuments is to celebrate white supremacy ''. Retrieved September 23, 2017 -- via www.washingtonpost.com. Jump up ^ `` Durham Confederate statue : tribute to dying veterans or political tool of Jim Crow South ? ''. heraldsun.com. Retrieved September 23, 2017. Jump up ^ American Historical Association, AHA Statement on Confederate Monuments ( August 2017 ) Jump up ^ `` Regime Change in Charlottesville ''. politico.com. Retrieved August 18, 2017. ^ Jump up to : Munshi, Neil ( August 17, 2017 ). `` Trump says it is ' foolish ' to remove Confederate symbols ''. Financial Times. Retrieved August 17, 2017. Jump up ^ Stoilas, Helen ; Stapley - Brown, Victoria ( August 17, 2017 ). `` Charlottesville riot hastens removal of Confederate monuments throughout the US ''. The Art Newspaper. Retrieved August 17, 2017. Jump up ^ McKenney, Frank M., The Standing Army : History of Georgia 's County Confederate Monuments, WH Wolfe Associates, Alpharetta, Georgia, 1993 p. ix Jump up ^ McKenney 1993, p. 1. Jump up ^ McKenney 1993, p. 5. Jump up ^ Confederate monuments : What to do with them ?. Grier, Peter. Christian Science Monitor, 22 August 2017 Jump up ^ Seigler, Robert S., A Guide to Confederate Monuments in South Carolina : Passing the Cup, South Carolina Department of Archives and History, 1997 p. 10 Jump up ^ `` Charlottesville covers Confederate statues with black shrouds ''. August 23, 2017. Retrieved September 27, 2017 -- via www.foxnews.com. Jump up ^ Simon, Darran ( May 19, 2017 ). `` New Orleans removes Gen. Robert E. Lee statue ''. CNN. Retrieved August 17, 2017. Jump up ^ Stolberg, Sheryl Gay ; Rosenthal, Brian M. ( August 12, 2017 ). `` Man Charged After White Nationalist Rally in Charlottesville Ends in Deadly Violence ''. The New York Times. ISSN 0362 - 4331. Retrieved August 20, 2017. Jump up ^ Fandos, Nicholas ; Goldman, Russell ( August 16, 2017 ). `` Baltimore Removes Confederate Statues ; Mayor Cites Public Safety ''. The New York Times. Retrieved August 16, 2017. Jump up ^ Colin Campbell, Talia Richman and Luke Broadwater ( August 16, 2017 ). `` Confederate monuments taken down in Baltimore overnight ''. CS1 maint : Uses authors parameter ( link ) Jump up ^ Suerth, Jessica ( August 16, 2017 ). `` Here are the Confederate memorials that will be removed after Charlottesville ''. CNN. Retrieved August 16, 2017. Jump up ^ Holland, Jesse J. ( August 15, 2017 ). `` Deadly rally accelerates ongoing removal of Confederate statues across U.S. ''. The Chicago Tribune. Missing or empty url = ( help ) Jump up ^ Janell Ross, Eight people charged for toppling Confederate statue in Durham as scores line up to confess, Washington Post ( August 17, 2017 ). Jump up ^ Fandos, Nicholas ; Fausset, Richard ; Blinder, Alan ( 2017 - 08 - 16 ). `` Charlottesville Violence Spurs New Resistance to Confederate Symbols ''. The New York Times. ISSN 0362 - 4331. Retrieved 2017 - 10 - 10. Jump up ^ Meyer, Holly ( August 17, 2017 ). `` Why removing Confederate monuments in Tennessee is not an easy process ''. The Tennessean. Jump up ^ Holpuch, Amanda ( 2015 - 07 - 10 ). `` Confederate flag removed from South Carolina capitol in victory for activists ''. The Guardian. ISSN 0261 - 3077. Retrieved 2017 - 10 - 10. Jump up ^ A majority of Americans want to preserve Confederate monuments : Reuters / Ipsos poll Jump up ^ Reuters / Ipsos Data : Confederate Monuments Jump up ^ Polls Find Little Support For Confederate Statue Removal -- But How You Ask Matters Jump up ^ HuffPost : Confederate Flag, August 15 - 16, 2017 - 1000 US Adults Jump up ^ Suerth, Jessica. `` Confederate statues and memorials to be removed across US ''. Amp.cnn.com. Retrieved August 17, 2017. Jump up ^ Edgemon, Erin ( July 16, 2016 ). `` Alabama police officer crashes into Confederate Monument while on patrol ''. AL.com. Retrieved August 16, 2017. Jump up ^ Montgomery, David ( August 6, 2017 ). `` A car crash topples a Confederate statue -- and forces a Southern town to confront its past ''. The Week. Retrieved August 16, 2017. Jump up ^ `` Fort Smith Educators Target ' Dixie, ' Rebel Mascot ''. Times Record. Retrieved 2017 - 08 - 31. Jump up ^ Barnes, Steve ( 2015 - 10 - 20 ). `` Arkansas capital renames street long known as Confederate Boulevard ''. Reuters. Retrieved 2017 - 08 - 31. Jump up ^ Epstein, Jennifer Rice ( July 19, 2016 ). `` Long Beach to Rename Three Schools ''. The Grunion. Retrieved August 16, 2017. Jump up ^ Harvey, Steve ( May 29, 2010 ). `` Southern California does indeed have a Civil War history ''. The Los Angeles Times. Retrieved July 11, 2017. So will Hollywood Forever Cemetery, where the Long Beach chapter of the United Daughters of the Confederacy maintains a Confederate monument. Jump up ^ Bosman, Julie ( September 21, 2017 ). `` Battle Over Confederate Monuments Moves to the Cemeteries ''. New York Times. Jump up ^ FOX. `` Confederate monument at Hollywood Forever Cemetery to be removed ''. KTTV. Retrieved August 16, 2017. Jump up ^ Magee, Maureen ( May 23, 2016 ). `` Robert E. Lee school name changed ''. The San Diego Union - Tribune. Retrieved August 16, 2017. Jump up ^ `` J.D. Highway ''. Rootsweb.ancestry.com. August 16, 2017. Retrieved August 19, 2017. Jump up ^ Christopher Ward ( June 1, 2013 ). `` Christopher Ward on Twitter : `` This morning we removed plaque in @ HortonPlazaPark honoring Jefferson Davis. Monuments to bigotry have no place in # SanDiego -- or anywhere ! '' ``. Twitter.com. Retrieved August 17, 2017. Jump up ^ Taylor Jr., Otis R. ( 2017 - 08 - 18 ). `` Bay Area is n't above the Confederacy fray : High school scrubs Rebel mascot ''. San Francisco Chronicle. Retrieved 2017 - 08 - 31. Jump up ^ McCormick, Chris ( 2017 - 08 - 24 ). `` My California high school had a Confederate mascot ''. Los Angeles Times. ISSN 0458 - 3035. Retrieved 2017 - 08 - 31. Jump up ^ Ford, Matt. `` Why Are Confederate Statues Still Displayed in the Capitol ? ''. The Atlantic. Retrieved 2017 - 10 - 10. Jump up ^ Boorstein, Michelle ( 2017 - 09 - 06 ). `` Washington National Cathedral to remove stained glass windows honoring Robert E. Lee, Stonewall Jackson ''. The Washington Post. Retrieved 2017 - 09 - 11. Jump up ^ Elias, Dave ( August 18, 2017 ). `` Fort Myers mayor considering options for removing Civil War pieces ''. WBBH. Retrieved October 19, 2017. Jump up ^ Morse, Hannah. `` Commission votes to move Confederate monument from courthouse ''. Bradenton Herald. Retrieved August 23, 2017. Jump up ^ `` While moving it in the middle of the night, crews break Confederate monument ''. bradenton. Retrieved October 10, 2017. Jump up ^ Spring, Mike ( August 18, 2017 ). `` Daytona Beach : Confederate plaques removed from Riverfront Park ''. WFTV.com. WFTV 9 ABC. Retrieved September 13, 2017. Jump up ^ Scott, Brian ( August 18, 2017 ). `` Daytona Beach removes Confederate monuments - Story WOFL ''. Fox35Orlando.com. Retrieved October 12, 2017. Three Confederate monuments were removed from a city park in Daytona Beach Friday morning. Jump up ^ Tinker, Cleveland. `` County votes to offer ' Old Joe ' to United Daughters of Confederacy ''. Gainesville Sun. Retrieved August 20, 2017. Jump up ^ `` Confederate statue removed from downtown Gainesville ''. gainesville.com. ^ Jump up to : Kelly, Jason ( July 4, 2017 ). `` Watch : Crews remove Confederate statue from Lake Eola Park ''. Wftv.com. Retrieved August 20, 2017. Jump up ^ Frago, Charlie ( August 15, 2017 ). `` Kriseman removes Confederate marker from St. Pete 's waterfront ''. Tampa Bay Times. Retrieved August 16, 2017. Jump up ^ `` St. Pete Mayor Orders Removal Of Confederate Marker ''. WUSF. August 16, 2017. Retrieved August 16, 2017. Jump up ^ Contorno, Steve ( June 16, 2017 ). `` For Tampa 's Confederate monument, racist history clouds claims of heritage ''. Tampa Bay Times. Retrieved August 23, 2017. Jump up ^ Associated Press, `` Florida Senate plans to remove Confederate flag from seal '', Sun - Sentinel, October 19, 2015. Jump up ^ `` Flsenate Archive : Information Center > About the Legislature ''. archive.flsenate.gov. Retrieved August 23, 2017. Jump up ^ Clark, Kristen M. ( October 19, 2015 ). `` Florida Senate jettisons Confederate battle flag from seal ''. Tampa Bay Times. Retrieved August 19, 2017. Jump up ^ `` These 5 states still use Confederate symbols in their flags ''. MSNBC. Retrieved 2017 - 10 - 10. Jump up ^ Kleinberg, Eliot ( August 23, 2017 ). `` West Palm removes Confederate monument from city cemetery ''. Palm Beach Post. Jump up ^ Maxine Bentzai, `` Confederate Monument Removed from Cemetery in West Palm Beach, '' ' Sun - Sentinel, August 22, 2017. Jump up ^ Lisa J. Hunash, `` Confederate statue to be removed from West Palm Beach cemetery, '' Sun - Sentinel, August 21, 2017. Jump up ^ Webteam, WPTV ( 2017 - 08 - 22 ). `` Confederate monument removal begins in West Palm Beach ''. WPTV. Retrieved 2017 - 10 - 10. ^ Jump up to : Roll, Nick ( August 28, 2017 ). `` Confederate Round - Up ''. Inside Higher Ed. Retrieved August 28, 2017. Jump up ^ `` Confederate Memorial Day is still celebrated in these states ''. USA TODAY. Retrieved 2017 - 10 - 10. Jump up ^ `` Kansas Counties : Breckinridge County, Kansas ( defunct ) ''. The Kansas Historical Society. Retrieved August 13, 2017. Jump up ^ `` Confederate flag permanently out of Veterans Memorial Park ''. Kansas.com. Retrieved August 17, 2017. Jump up ^ Reinert, Melissa ( 2017 - 08 - 21 ). `` New ' Rebels ' logo replaces Confederate mascot at Boone Co. High School ''. Cincinnati.com. Retrieved 2017 - 08 - 31. Jump up ^ `` Confederate statue removed from University of Louisville campus rededicated in Kentucky ''. foxnews.com. May 30, 2017. Retrieved August 18, 2017. Jump up ^ `` Lexington, Ky. approves plan to move Confederate monuments ''. Retrieved August 20, 2017. Jump up ^ http://www.kentucky.com/news/local/counties/fayette-county/article179392076.html Jump up ^ Mele, Christopher ( April 24, 2017 ). `` New Orleans Begins Removing Confederate Monuments, Under Police Guard ''. The New York Times. ISSN 0362 - 4331. Retrieved August 15, 2017. Jump up ^ Robertson, Campbell ( May 19, 2017 ). `` From Lofty Perch, New Orleans Monument to Confederacy Comes Down ''. The New York Times. ISSN 0362 - 4331. Retrieved August 15, 2017. Jump up ^ Turque, Bill ( July 24, 2017 ). `` Confederate statue moved from Rockville courthouse over the weekend ''. The Washington Post. ISSN 0190 - 8286. Retrieved August 15, 2017. Jump up ^ `` Monumental Task Committee ''. monumentaltask.org. Retrieved May 28, 2017. Jump up ^ Applebome, Peter ( May 24, 2017 ). `` New Orleans Mayor 's Message on Race ''. The New York Times. ISSN 0362 - 4331. Retrieved August 15, 2017. Jump up ^ Mele, Christopher ( April 24, 2017 ). `` New Orleans Begins Removing Confederate Monuments, Under Police Guard ''. The New York Times. ISSN 0362 - 4331. Archived from the original on April 25, 2017. Retrieved August 15, 2017. Jump up ^ Jaschik, Scott ( August 21, 2017 ). `` Off the Pedestal ''. Inside Higher Ed. Retrieved August 21, 2017. Jump up ^ `` Taney statue removed from Maryland state house grounds overnight ''. Washington Post. Retrieved August 20, 2017. Jump up ^ Bowerman, Mary ( August 16, 2017 ). `` Baltimore removes Confederate statues in wake of Charlottesville ''. The Tennessean. Jump up ^ Prudente, Tim ( August 14, 2017 ). `` Confederate monument in Baltimore drenched with red paint ''. The Baltimore Sun. 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Jump up ^ Bott, Celeste ( June 28, 2017 ). `` Remaining pieces of Confederate Monument removed from Forest Park ''. St. Louis Post-Dispatch. Retrieved August 13, 2017. Jump up ^ `` Protesters arrested as city of Helena removes Confederate fountain ''. Billingsgazette.com. Retrieved August 20, 2017. Jump up ^ `` Statue defaced as U.S. Confederate monument protests grow ''. Reuters.com. August 18, 2017. Retrieved August 20, 2017 -- via Reuters. Jump up ^ `` University of Nevada Las Vegas Official Athletic Site ''. www.unlvrebels.com. Retrieved 2017 - 08 - 31. Jump up ^ `` Hey Reb ! and `` Rebels '' Nickname Campus Life University of Nevada, Las Vegas ``. www.unlv.edu. Retrieved 2017 - 08 - 31. Jump up ^ `` Religious leaders remove Brooklyn plaques honoring Robert E. Lee ''. NY Daily News. Retrieved August 21, 2017. Jump up ^ Jaeger, Max. `` Cuomo orders Confederate busts removed from CUNY Hall of Fame ''. NY Post. Retrieved 27 August 2017. Jump up ^ ( Unsigned ) ( 28 August 2017 ). `` Confederate Monuments Are Coming Down Across the United States. Here 's a List. ''. New York Times. Retrieved 5 October 2017. Jump up ^ Jaeger, Max. `` Cuomo orders Confederate busts removed from CUNY Hall of Fame ''. NY Post. Retrieved 27 August 2017. Jump up ^ Cooper, Governor Roy ( August 15, 2017 ). `` North Carolina Monuments ''. Medium. Retrieved August 20, 2017. Jump up ^ Ross, Janell ; Berman, Mark ; Achenbach, Joel ( 2017 - 08 - 16 ). `` Mayors taking swift action to avoid becoming the next Charlottesville ''. Washington Post. ISSN 0190 - 8286. Retrieved 2017 - 08 - 26. Jump up ^ `` New Confederate statue goes up in Reidsville ''. myfox8.com. December 12, 2013. Retrieved August 18, 2017. Jump up ^ ( University of North Carolina ), The Carolina Story : A Virtual Museum of the University History, `` William L. Saunders ( 1835 -- 1891 ) and Carolina Hall, '' https://museum.unc.edu/exhibits/show/names/carolina-hall, retrieved Aug. 25, 2017 Jump up ^ Jackson, Amanda. `` Durham, North Carolina : Seven arrested in toppling of Confederate statue ''. CNN. Retrieved August 17, 2017. Jump up ^ Katz, Jonathan M. ( August 17, 2017 ). `` 4 Surrender in Toppling of Confederate Statue in North Carolina ''. NYTimes.com. Retrieved August 20, 2017. Jump up ^ Drew, Jonathan ( August 19, 2017 ). `` Duke University removes Robert E. Lee statue from chapel ''. Associated Press. Retrieved August 19, 2017 -- via Winston - Salem Journal. Jump up ^ Sewell, Dan ( August 26, 2017 ). `` Little Ohio city swept into national battle over monuments ''. APNews.com. Associated Press. Retrieved August 27, 2017. It brought sudden attention to Franklin 's 90 - year - old rock marker, depicting Lee astride his horse, Traveller, and situated aside the `` Dixie Highway, '' a roads network running from Miami to Michigan. Jump up ^ `` Passer - by snags makeshift sign placed at former Franklin Confederate monument ''. Daytondailynews.com. Retrieved August 20, 2017. Jump up ^ https://twitter.com/i/web/status/899974698964058112. Retrieved August 22, 2017. Jump up ^ `` Camp Chase Confederate Cemetery -- Civil War Era National Cemeteries : A Discover Our Shared Heritage Travel Itinerary ''. www.nps.gov. Retrieved 2017 - 10 - 10. Jump up ^ Burger, Beth. `` Vandals decapitate Confederate soldier statue at Camp Chase cemetery ''. The Columbus Dispatch. Retrieved 2017 - 09 - 01. Jump up ^ Gearino, Dan. Confederate general 's historic marker removed in Worthington. Columbus Dispatch August 19, 2017. ( 1 ) Accessed August 24, 2017. Jump up ^ `` Ohio high school getting rid of Confederate mascot ''. Cincinnati.com. 2017 - 08 - 18. Retrieved 2017 - 08 - 31. Jump up ^ Firestone, David ( 2000 - 05 - 19 ). `` South Carolina Votes to Remove Confederate Flag From Dome ''. The New York Times. ISSN 0362 - 4331. 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Jump up ^ `` Dallas Task Force Votes to Keep Fair Park Confederate Images ''. NBC 5 Dallas - Fort Worth. Retrieved 2017 - 09 - 22. Jump up ^ Leszcynski, Ray ( 2015 - 08 - 11 ). `` Superintendent removes Confederate symbols from South Garland High ''. Dallas News. Retrieved 2017 - 08 - 31. Jump up ^ Smith, Corbett. `` High school mascots are a point of pride ''. The Dallas Morning News. Retrieved 2017 - 08 - 31. Jump up ^ Press, Associated ( January 12, 2017 ). `` Houston 's Dowling Street To Be Renamed Emancipation Avenue Houston Public Media ''. Houston Public Media. Retrieved May 31, 2017. Jump up ^ Watkins, Matthew ; Busch, Mallory ; Daniel, Annie ( 2015 - 07 - 01 ). `` At Majority - Minority Schools, Confederate Names Remain ''. Big Country Homepag. Nexstar Broadcasting, Inc. Retrieved 2017 - 08 - 31. Jump up ^ Mellon, Ericka ( 2014 - 04 - 15 ). `` Four Houston schools get new, non-offensive mascots ''. Houston Chronicle. Retrieved 2017 - 08 - 31. Jump up ^ Allen, Paula ( August 14, 2017 ). `` Who paid to have the Confederate statue in Travis Park made and then placed in the park ? ''. San Antonio Express - News. Retrieved August 16, 2017. Jump up ^ `` Confederate statue removed from Travis Park ''. KSAT. September 1, 2017. Retrieved September 5, 2017. Jump up ^ Bradshaw, Kelsey ( September 1, 2017 ). `` San Antonio removes Confederate statue in Travis Park ''. San Antonio Express - News. Retrieved September 6, 2017. Jump up ^ Ravani, Sarah ( September 1, 2017 ). `` San Antonio removes Confederate statue in Travis Park ''. MySanAntonio.com. San Antonio Express - News. Retrieved September 7, 2017. Jump up ^ Carmichael, Emma ( 2010 - 10 - 25 ). `` The Ugly, Racially Charged Fight Over A Confederate Mascot. In Vermont ''. Deadspin. Retrieved 2017 - 08 - 31. Jump up ^ `` South Burlington 's Rebel debate goes back decades ''. burlingtonfreepress.com. Retrieved August 31, 2017. Jump up ^ `` South Burlington school budget fails, again ''. burlingtonfreepress.com. Retrieved August 31, 2017. Jump up ^ Leslie, Alexandra ( 14 August 2017 ). `` Wolves Logo, Name Unleashed at SBHS Athletic Facilities ''. mychamplainvalley.com. Retrieved 5 September 2017. Jump up ^ Fortin, Jacey ( August 13, 2017 ). `` The Statue at the Center of Charlottesville 's Storm ''. Nyrimes.com. Retrieved August 20, 2017 -- via NYTimes.com. Jump up ^ `` Lee Statue Vandalized Ahead of KKK Rally in Charlottesville ''. Nbc29.com. Retrieved August 20, 2017. Jump up ^ Brown, Emma ( August 22, 2017 ). `` Charlottesville City Council votes to shroud Confederate statues in black ''. The Washington Post. Retrieved August 23, 2017. Jump up ^ FOX. `` Charlottesville 's Confederate statues shrouded in black ''. fox5ny.com. Retrieved August 24, 2017. Jump up ^ `` Charlottesville Council votes to remove Confederate statue after tense hearing ''. NBC News. Retrieved 2017 - 09 - 06. Jump up ^ Ellison, Sarah. `` Why Charlottesville, Liberal College Town, Became Ground Zero for White Supremacy ''. Retrieved August 20, 2017. Jump up ^ Heim, Joe ( September 15, 2017 ). `` U-Va. board votes to remove Confederate plaques, ban open flames ''. The Guardian. ^ Jump up to : Associated Press. `` Va. city bans public Confederate flag displays ''. CBS News. Retrieved June 14, 2012. ^ Jump up to : Adams, Duncan. `` Rebel flags barred from Lexington poles ''. Roanoke Times. Retrieved June 14, 2012. Jump up ^ `` Virginia university to remove Confederate flags from chapel ''. CNN Wire. July 9, 2014. Retrieved September 6, 2017. Jump up ^ Shapiro, T. Rees ( July 8, 2014 ). `` Washington and Lee University to remove Confederate flags following protests ''. Washington Post. access - date = requires url = ( help ) Jump up ^ `` Randolph College removes statue of Confederate solider ''. WSLS. 2017 - 08 - 25. Retrieved 2017 - 10 - 10. Jump up ^ Berger, Knute ( June 22, 2015 ). `` Confederate symbols also blight the Northwest ''. Crosscut. Retrieved August 20, 2017. Jump up ^ `` Jefferson Davis Park ''. Sons of Confederate Veterans Pacific NW Division. June 27, 2014. Retrieved August 20, 2017. Jump up ^ Vogt, Tom ( October 3, 2017 ). `` Commission votes to remove Davis marker from register ''. Retrieved October 18, 2017. Jump up ^ Pratt, Denver ( August 18, 2017 ). `` Bellingham removes signs on bridge named for Confederate general ''. The Bellingham Herald. ^ Jump up to : Plutchak, Dan. `` Soglin orders removal of Confederate monuments from Forest Hill Cemetery ''. Wkow.com. Retrieved August 20, 2017. Jump up ^ `` Battle over Confederate history hits Madison ''. Isthmus.com. August 16, 2017. Retrieved August 20, 2017. Jump up ^ `` Madison Mayor Paul Soglin orders removal of Confederate monuments at Forest Hill Cemetery ''. Host.madison.com. Retrieved August 20, 2017. Jump up ^ `` Statement of Madison Mayor Paul Soglin on Removal of Confederate Memorials ''. Cityofmadison.com. City of Madison, Wisconsin. Retrieved August 20, 2017. Jump up ^ `` Plaque honouring Confederate leader Jefferson Davis removed from Montreal building ''. thestar.com. Toronto Star. Retrieved August 17, 2017. Jump up ^ `` Confederate plaque on Montreal Hudson 's Bay store removed ''. Cbc.ca. Retrieved August 20, 2017. External links Wikimedia Commons has media related to Removal of Confederate monuments and memorials. The Last Confederate Statues on YouTube, via the official YouTube channel of Vice News ( 4 minutes ) American Civil War Origins Origins Issues Timeline leading to the War Antebellum era Bleeding Kansas Border states Compromise of 1850 Dred Scott v. 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Question: when did the first confederate monument come down
Answer: August 2017