List of speakers of the United States House of Representatives - wikipedia List of speakers of the United States House of Representatives This article is part of a series on the United States House of Representatives History of the United States House of Representatives Members Current members ( by seniority by age non-voting ) Former members Hill committees ( DCCC NRCC ) Congressional districts Speaker of the United States House of Representatives ( list ) Party leaders Democratic Caucus Republican Conference Politics and procedure Committee of the Whole Closed session ( list ) Saxbe fix Committees ( list ) Procedures Origination Clause Quorum call Unanimous consent Salaries Apportionment ( Huntington -- Hill method ) Redistricting Gerrymandering Articles of impeachment Self - executing rule Rules suspension General ticket Plural district Places United States Capitol House office buildings ( Cannon Ford Longworth Rayburn ) The Speaker of the House is the presiding officer of the United States House of Representatives. The office was established in 1789 by Article I, Section 2 of the United States Constitution. The Speaker is second in the presidential line of succession, after the Vice President and ahead of the President pro tempore of the Senate. Unlike some Westminster system parliaments, in which the office of Speaker is considered non-partisan, in the United States, the Speaker of the House is a leadership position and the office - holder actively works to set the majority party 's legislative agenda. The Speaker usually does not personally preside over debates, instead delegating the duty to members of the House from the majority party. The Speaker usually does not participate in debate and rarely votes. Aside from duties relating to heading the House and the majority political party, the Speaker also performs administrative and procedural functions, and represents his or her Congressional district. In the modern era, the Speaker is elected at the beginning of the new Congress by a majority of the Representatives - elect from candidates separately chosen by the majority - and minority - party caucuses. In cases of an unexpected vacancy during a Congress a new Speaker is elected by a majority of the House from candidates previously chosen by the majority and minority parties. While no rule exists, based on tradition and practice from the earliest days of the nation, to be elected speaker a candidate must receive an absolute majority of all votes cast for individuals, i.e. excluding those who abstain. If no candidate wins such a majority, then the roll call is repeated until a speaker is elected. There have been 14 instances of Speaker elections requiring multiple ballots. The Speaker is traditionally the majority party 's leader in the chamber, although unlike other House leadership, there is no Constitutional requirement that the speaker be an elected member of the House ( every house speaker to date has been an elected member of the House ). The most recent election to occur mid-way through a Congress occurred on October 29, 2015, when it elected Congressman Paul Ryan of Wisconsin to the office. Since the office was created in 1789, 54 individuals, from 23 of the 50 states, have served as Speaker of the House. The number from each state are : One : Alabama, California, Connecticut, Iowa, Missouri, North Carolina, Oklahoma, Washington, and Wisconsin ; Two : Maine, New Jersey, New York, and South Carolina ; Three : Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, and Texas ; Four : Kentucky and Virginia ; Eight : Massachusetts. The longest serving speaker was Sam Rayburn, who served on three separate occasions between 1940 and 1961. Tip O'Neill had the longest uninterrupted tenure as speaker, serving January 4, 1977 -- January 3, 1987. Theodore M. Pomeroy had the shortest tenure of any speaker, serving March 3 -- 4, 1869. Six speakers -- Henry Clay, Joseph William Martin Jr., Frederick Muhlenberg, Sam Rayburn, Thomas Brackett Reed, and John W. Taylor -- served non-consecutive terms of office. One Speaker, James K. Polk, went on to become the 11th President of the United States. Two, Schuyler Colfax and John Nance Garner, later became vice president. The first ( and to date only ) woman to serve as speaker was Nancy Pelosi, from January 4, 2007 to January 4, 2011. Contents 1 Speakers of the House of Representatives 2 Speakers by time in office 3 See also 4 References 5 External links Speakers of the House of Representatives The House has elected a new Speaker 124 times since 1789. Of the 54 people who have served as Speaker over the past 228 years, 32 served multiple terms. In some instances, those terms were non-consecutive. While listed multiple times, those with breaks in their time as Speaker been assigned only one index number. Pro-Administration ( 2 ) Anti-Administration ( 1 ) Federalist ( 2 ) Democratic - Republican ( 6 ) Adams Republican ( 1 ) Jacksonian ( 3 ) Democratic ( 22 ) Whig ( 3 ) American ( 1 ) Republican ( 16 ) Speaker Party State and district Term of service Congress Frederick Muhlenberg Pro-Administration Pennsylvania At - large April 1, 1789 -- March 4, 1791 1st Jonathan Trumbull Jr. Pro-Administration Connecticut At - large October 24, 1791 -- March 4, 1793 2nd Frederick Muhlenberg Anti-Administration Pennsylvania At - large December 2, 1793 -- March 4, 1795 3rd Jonathan Dayton Federalist New Jersey At - large December 7, 1795 -- March 4, 1797 4th May 15, 1797 -- March 4, 1799 5th Theodore Sedgwick Federalist Massachusetts 1st December 2, 1799 -- March 4, 1801 6th 5 Nathaniel Macon Democratic -- Republican North Carolina 5th December 7, 1801 -- March 4, 1803 7th North Carolina 6th October 17, 1803 -- March 4, 1805 8th December 2, 1805 -- March 4, 1807 9th 6 Joseph Bradley Varnum Democratic -- Republican Massachusetts 4th October 26, 1807 -- March 4, 1809 10th May 22, 1809 -- March 4, 1811 11th 7 Henry Clay Democratic -- Republican Kentucky 5th November 4, 1811 -- March 4, 1813 12th Kentucky 2nd May 24, 1813 -- January 19, 1814 13th 8 Langdon Cheves Democratic -- Republican South Carolina 1st January 19, 1814 -- March 4, 1815 7 Henry Clay Democratic -- Republican Kentucky 2nd December 4, 1815 -- March 4, 1817 14th December 1, 1817 -- March 4, 1819 15th December 6, 1819 -- October 28, 1820 16th 9 John W. Taylor Democratic -- Republican New York 11th November 15, 1820 -- March 4, 1821 10 Philip Pendleton Barbour Democratic -- Republican Virginia 11th December 4, 1821 -- March 4, 1823 17th 7 Henry Clay Democratic -- Republican Kentucky 3rd December 1, 1823 -- March 4, 1825 18th 9 John W. Taylor Adams Republican New York 17th December 5, 1825 -- March 4, 1827 19th 11 Andrew Stevenson Jacksonian Virginia 9th December 3, 1827 -- March 4, 1829 20th December 7, 1829 -- March 4, 1831 21st December 5, 1831 -- March 4, 1833 22nd Virginia 11th December 2, 1833 -- June 2, 1834 23rd 12 John Bell Jacksonian Tennessee 7th June 2, 1834 -- March 4, 1835 13 James K. Polk Jacksonian Tennessee 9th December 7, 1835 -- March 4, 1837 24th Democratic September 4, 1837 -- March 4, 1839 25th 14 Robert M.T. Hunter Whig Virginia 9th December 16, 1839 -- March 4, 1841 26th 15 John White Whig Kentucky 9th May 31, 1841 -- March 4, 1843 27th 16 John Winston Jones Democratic Virginia 6th December 4, 1843 -- March 4, 1845 28th 17 John Wesley Davis Democratic Indiana 6th December 1, 1845 -- March 4, 1847 29th 18 Robert Charles Winthrop Whig Massachusetts 1st December 6, 1847 -- March 4, 1849 30th 19 Howell Cobb Democratic Georgia 6th December 22, 1849 -- March 4, 1851 31st 20 Linn Boyd Democratic Kentucky 1st December 1, 1851 -- March 4, 1853 32nd December 5, 1853 -- March 4, 1855 33rd 21 Nathaniel P. Banks American Massachusetts 7th February 2, 1856 -- March 4, 1857 34th 22 James Lawrence Orr Democratic South Carolina 5th December 7, 1857 -- March 4, 1859 35th 23 William Pennington Republican New Jersey 5th February 1, 1860 -- March 4, 1861 36th 24 Galusha A. Grow Republican Pennsylvania 14th July 4, 1861 -- March 4, 1863 37th 25 Schuyler Colfax Republican Indiana 9th December 7, 1863 -- March 4, 1865 38th December 4, 1865 -- March 4, 1867 39th March 4, 1867 -- March 3, 1869 40th 26 Theodore M. Pomeroy Republican New York 24th March 3 -- 4, 1869 27 James G. Blaine Republican Maine 3rd March 4, 1869 -- March 4, 1871 41st March 4, 1871 -- March 4, 1873 42nd March 4, 1873 -- March 4, 1875 43rd 28 Michael C. Kerr Democratic Indiana 3rd December 6, 1875 -- August 19, 1876 44th 29 Samuel J. Randall Democratic Pennsylvania 3rd December 4, 1876 -- March 4, 1877 October 15, 1877 -- March 4, 1879 45th March 18, 1879 -- March 4, 1881 46th 30 J. Warren Keifer Republican Ohio 8th December 5, 1881 -- March 4, 1883 47th 31 John G. Carlisle Democratic Kentucky 6th December 3, 1883 -- March 4, 1885 48th December 7, 1885 -- March 4, 1887 49th December 5, 1887 -- March 4, 1889 50th 32 Thomas Brackett Reed Republican Maine 1st December 2, 1889 -- March 4, 1891 51st 33 Charles Frederick Crisp Democratic Georgia 3rd December 8, 1891 -- March 4, 1893 52nd August 7, 1893 -- March 4, 1895 53rd 32 Thomas Brackett Reed Republican Maine 1st December 2, 1895 -- March 4, 1897 54th March 15, 1897 -- March 4, 1899 55th 34 David B. Henderson Republican Iowa 3rd December 4, 1899 -- March 4, 1901 56th December 2, 1901 -- March 4, 1903 57th 35 Joseph Gurney Cannon Republican Illinois 18th November 9, 1903 -- March 4, 1905 58th December 4, 1905 -- March 4, 1907 59th December 2, 1907 -- March 4, 1909 60th March 15, 1909 -- March 4, 1911 61st 36 Champ Clark Democratic Missouri 9th April 4, 1911 -- March 4, 1913 62nd April 7, 1913 -- March 4, 1915 63rd December 6, 1915 -- March 4, 1917 64th April 2, 1917 -- March 4, 1919 65th 37 Frederick H. Gillett Republican Massachusetts 2nd May 19, 1919 -- March 4, 1921 66th April 11, 1921 -- March 4, 1923 67th December 3, 1923 -- March 4, 1925 68th 38 Nicholas Longworth Republican Ohio 1st December 7, 1925 -- March 4, 1927 69th December 5, 1927 -- March 4, 1929 70th April 15, 1929 -- March 4, 1931 71st 39 John Nance Garner Democratic Texas 15th December 7, 1931 -- March 4, 1933 72nd 40 Henry Thomas Rainey Democratic Illinois 20th March 9, 1933 -- August 19, 1934 73rd 41 Joseph W. Byrns Sr. Democratic Tennessee 5th January 3, 1935 -- June 4, 1936 74th 42 William B. Bankhead Democratic Alabama 7th June 4, 1936 -- January 3, 1937 January 5, 1937 -- January 3, 1939 75th January 3, 1939 -- September 15, 1940 76th 43 Sam Rayburn Democratic Texas 4th September 16, 1940 -- January 3, 1941 January 3, 1941 -- January 3, 1943 77th January 6, 1943 -- January 3, 1945 78th January 3, 1945 -- January 3, 1947 79th 44 Joseph William Martin Jr. Republican Massachusetts 14th January 3, 1947 -- January 3, 1949 80th 43 Sam Rayburn Democratic Texas 4th January 3, 1949 -- January 3, 1951 81st January 3, 1951 -- January 3, 1953 82nd 44 Joseph William Martin Jr. Republican Massachusetts 14th January 3, 1953 -- January 3, 1955 83rd 43 Sam Rayburn Democratic Texas 4th January 3, 1955 -- January 3, 1957 84th January 3, 1957 -- January 3, 1959 85th January 7, 1959 -- January 3, 1961 86th January 3, 1961 -- November 16, 1961 87th 45 John William McCormack Democratic Massachusetts 12th January 10, 1962 -- January 3, 1963 Massachusetts 9th January 9, 1963 -- January 3, 1965 88th January 4, 1965 -- January 3, 1967 89th January 10, 1967 -- January 3, 1969 90th January 3, 1969 -- January 3, 1971 91st 46 Carl Albert Democratic Oklahoma 3rd January 21, 1971 -- January 3, 1973 92nd January 3, 1973 -- January 3, 1975 93rd January 14, 1975 -- January 3, 1977 94th 47 Tip O'Neill Democratic Massachusetts 8th January 4, 1977 -- January 3, 1979 95th January 15, 1979 -- January 3, 1981 96th January 5, 1981 -- January 3, 1983 97th January 3, 1983 -- January 3, 1985 98th January 3, 1985 -- January 3, 1987 99th 48 Jim Wright Democratic Texas 12th January 6, 1987 -- January 3, 1989 100th January 3, 1989 -- June 6, 1989 101st 49 Tom Foley Democratic Washington 5th June 6, 1989 -- January 3, 1991 January 3, 1991 -- January 3, 1993 102nd January 5, 1993 -- January 3, 1995 103rd 50 Newt Gingrich Republican Georgia 6th January 4, 1995 -- January 3, 1997 104th January 7, 1997 -- January 3, 1999 105th 51 Dennis Hastert Republican Illinois 14th January 6, 1999 -- January 3, 2001 106th January 3, 2001 -- January 3, 2003 107th January 7, 2003 -- January 3, 2005 108th January 3, 2005 -- January 3, 2007 109th 52 Nancy Pelosi Democratic California 8th January 4, 2007 -- January 3, 2009 110th January 6, 2009 -- January 3, 2011 111th 53 John Boehner Republican Ohio 8th January 5, 2011 -- January 3, 2013 112th January 3, 2013 -- January 3, 2015 113th January 6, 2015 -- October 29, 2015 114th 54 Paul Ryan Republican Wisconsin 1st October 29, 2015 -- January 3, 2017 January 3, 2017 -- incumbent 115th Currently -- since October 29, 2015 -- there are four living former speakers : Newt Gingrich ( 1995 -- 1999 ), Dennis Hastert ( 1999 -- 2007 ), Nancy Pelosi ( 2007 -- 2011 ; still a member of Congress ), and John Boehner ( 2011 -- 2015 ). The most recent former speaker to die was Jim Wright ( 1987 -- 1989 ) on May 6, 2015. The most recently serving former speaker to die was Tom Foley ( 1989 -- 1995 ) on October 18, 2013. Table notes : ^ Jump up to : Frederick Muhlenberg served as speaker twice in the 1790s, before political factions coalesced into formal parties ; initially he identified with the pro -- administration faction, but later he aligned himself with the anti -- administration faction. ^ Jump up to : John Taylor served as speaker twice in the 1820s ; initially he was as a member of the Democratic -- Republican Party, and later, when the party began to fracture, he sided with its pro -- Adams faction. ^ Jump up to : During James K. Polk `` s tenure as speaker the Jacksonian bloc amalgamated into the modern Democratic Party. Jump up ^ The district listed is the district the speaker represented at the time they were in office, which might be different from in different Congresses, due to redistricting. ^ Jump up to : Elected on 3rd ballot ^ Jump up to : Elected on 2nd ballot ^ Jump up to : Resigned from office Jump up ^ Elected on 22nd ballot Jump up ^ Elected on 12th ballot Jump up ^ Elected on 10th ballot Jump up ^ Elected on 11th ballot Jump up ^ Elected on 63rd ballot Jump up ^ Elected on 133rd ballot Jump up ^ Elected on 44th ballot ^ Jump up to : Died in office Jump up ^ Elected on 9th ballot Speakers by time in office The length of time given below is based on the difference between dates ; if counted by number of calendar days all the figures would be one greater. Also, as many speakers were elected multiple times, and to terms that were, in several instances, not consecutive, the length of time given for each speaker measures their cumulative length of incumbency as speaker. Further, time after adjournment of one Congress but before the convening of the next Congress is not counted. For example, Nathaniel Macon was Speaker in both the 8th and 9th Congresses, but the eight - month gap between the two Congresses is not counted toward his service. The exact dates of service for each individual speaker is shown in the Term of service column of the above table. Official seal of the Speaker of the United States House of Representatives Sam Rayburn, longest serving speaker of the House, 17 years, 53 days ( cumulative ) Tip O'Neill, longest uninterrupted tenure of office, 9 years, 350 days Theodore M. Pomeroy, shortest tenure of office, 1 day Rank Speaker Time in office TE OS Rayburn, Sam Sam Rayburn 17 years, 53 days 01 ! 10 43 Clay, Henry Henry Clay 10 years, 196 days 02 ! 6 7 O'Neill, Tip Tip O'Neill 9 years, 350 days 03 ! 5 47 McCormack, John William John William McCormack 8 years, 344 days 04 ! 5 45 5 Hastert, Dennis Dennis Hastert 7003291600000000000 ♠ 7 years, 359 days 05 ! 4 51 6 Clark, Champ Champ Clark 6 years, 357 days 06 ! 4 36 7 Albert, Carl Carl Albert 5 years, 337 days 09 ! 3 46 8 Cannon, Joseph Gurney Joseph Gurney Cannon 5 years, 285 days 07 ! 4 35 9 Foley, Tom Tom Foley 7003203500000000000 ♠ 5 years, 209 days 10 ! 3 49 10 Blaine, James G. James G. Blaine 5 years, 93 days 11 ! 3 27 11 Gillett, Frederick H. Frederick H. Gillett 4 years, 341 days 12 ! 3 37 12 Boehner, John John Boehner 4 years, 297 days 13 ! 3 53 13 Colfax, Schuyler Schuyler Colfax 4 years, 176 days 14 ! 3 25 14 Brackett Reed, Thomas Thomas Brackett Reed 4 years, 172 days 15 ! 3 32 15 Longworth, Nicholas Nicholas Longworth 4 years, 133 days 16 ! 3 38 16 Bankhead, William B. William B. Bankhead 7003156300000000000 ♠ 4 years, 102 days 17 ! 3 42 17 Stevenson, Andrew Andrew Stevenson 4 years, 83 days 08 ! 4 11 18 Martin Jr., Joseph William Joseph William Martin Jr. 4 years 21 ! 2 44 19 Pelosi, Nancy Nancy Pelosi 7003145900000000000 ♠ 3 years, 363 days 22 ! 2 52 20 Gingrich, Newt Newt Gingrich 7003145700000000000 ♠ 3 years, 361 days 23 ! 2 50 21 Macon, Nathaniel Nathaniel Macon 3 years, 317 days 18 ! 3 5 22 Carlisle, John G. John G. Carlisle 3 years, 267 days 19 ! 3 31 23 Randall, Samuel J. Samuel J. Randall 3 years, 215 days 20 ! 3 29 24 Muhlenberg, Frederick Frederick Muhlenberg 3 years, 64 days 24 ! 2 25 Varnum, Joseph Bradley Joseph Bradley Varnum 3 years, 49 days 25 ! 2 6 26 Dayton, Jonathan Jonathan Dayton 3 years, 14 days 26 ! 2 27 Crisp, Charles Frederick Charles Frederick Crisp 2 years, 295 days 27 ! 2 33 28 Polk, James K. James K. Polk 2 years, 268 days 28 ! 2 13 29 ( tie ) Boyd, Linn Linn Boyd 2 years, 182 days 29 ! 2 20 Henderson, David B. David B. Henderson 2 years, 182 days 30 ! 2 34 31 Wright, Jim Jim Wright 7002882000000000000 ♠ 2 years, 151 days 31 ! 2 48 32 Ryan, Paul Paul Ryan 7002726000000000000 ♠ 1 year, 360 days 32 ! 2 54 33 White, John John White 7002642000000000000 ♠ 1 year, 277 days 34 ! 1 15 34 Grow, Galusha A. Galusha A. Grow 7002608000000000000 ♠ 1 year, 243 days 35 ! 1 24 35 Taylor, John W. John W. Taylor 1 year, 198 days 33 ! 2 9 36 Rainey, Henry Thomas Henry Thomas Rainey 7002528000000000000 ♠ 1 year, 163 days 36 ! 1 40 37 Byrns Sr., Joseph W. Joseph W. Byrns Sr. 7002518000000000000 ♠ 1 year, 153 days 37 ! 1 41 38 Trumbull Jr., Jonathan Jonathan Trumbull Jr. 7002497000000000000 ♠ 1 year, 131 days 38 ! 1 39 Davis, John Wesley John Wesley Davis 7002458000000000000 ♠ 1 year, 93 days 39 ! 1 17 40 Sedgwick, Theodore Theodore Sedgwick 7002457000000000000 ♠ 1 year, 92 days 40 ! 1 41 ( tie ) Pendleton Barbour, Philip Philip Pendleton Barbour 7002455000000000000 ♠ 1 year, 90 days 41 ! 1 10 Jones, John Winston John Winston Jones 7002456000000000000 ♠ 1 year, 90 days 42 ! 1 16 43 Keifer, J. Warren J. Warren Keifer 7002454000000000000 ♠ 1 year, 89 days 43 ! 1 30 44 Winthrop, Robert Charles Robert Charles Winthrop 7002454000000000000 ♠ 1 year, 88 days 44 ! 1 18 45 ( tie ) Orr, James Lawrence James Lawrence Orr 7002452000000000000 ♠ 1 year, 87 days 45 ! 1 22 Garner, John Nance John Nance Garner 7002453000000000000 ♠ 1 year, 87 days 46 ! 1 39 47 Hunter, Robert M.T. Robert M.T. Hunter 7002444000000000000 ♠ 1 year, 78 days 47 ! 1 14 48 Cobb, Howell Howell Cobb 7002437000000000000 ♠ 1 year, 72 days 48 ! 1 19 49 Cheves, Langdon Langdon Cheves 7002409000000000000 ♠ 1 year, 44 days 49 ! 1 8 50 Pennington, William William Pennington 7002397000000000000 ♠ 1 year, 31 days 50 ! 1 23 51 Banks, Nathaniel P. Nathaniel P. Banks 7002396000000000000 ♠ 1 year, 30 days 51 ! 1 21 52 Bell, John John Bell 275 days 52 ! 1 12 53 Kerr, Michael C. Michael C. Kerr 257 days 53 ! 1 28 54 Pomeroy, Theodore M. Theodore M. Pomeroy 1 day 54 ! 1 26 See also Speaker ( politics ), for a general description of the title and a list of current national legislature speakers worldwide Government of the United States portal Lists portal Biography portal References ^ Jump up to : `` Speaker Elections Decided by Multiple Ballots ''. history.house.gov. United States House of Representatives. Retrieved September 28, 2016. Jump up ^ `` Office of the Clerk of the U.S. House of Representatives ''. Clerk.house.gov. Retrieved August 10, 2012. This article incorporates public domain material from the United States House of Representatives document `` List of Speakers of the House ''. External links `` Speaker of the House of Representatives ''. Official Website, Information about role as party leader, powers as presiding officer. 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Question: who was the first speaker of the house
Answer: Frederick Muhlenberg