Pantone - wikipedia Pantone This article is about the corporation and its color space. For other uses, see Pantone ( disambiguation ). Pantone Founder Lawrence Herbert Headquarters United States Owner Danaher Corporation Parent X-Rite Website www.pantone.com Pantone Inc. is a U.S. corporation headquartered in Carlstadt, New Jersey. The company is best known for its Pantone Matching System ( PMS ), a proprietary color space used in a variety of industries, primarily printing, though sometimes in the manufacture of colored paint, fabric, and plastics. X-Rite Inc., a supplier of color measurement instruments and software, purchased Pantone Inc. for $180 million in October 2007. Contents 1 Overview 2 Pantone Color Matching System 3 Pantone Goe System 4 Other products 5 Color of the Year 6 Intellectual property 7 See also 8 References 9 External links Overview Pantone began in New York City in the 1950s as the commercial printing company of M & J Levine Advertising. In 1956, its founders, advertising executives brothers Mervin and Jesse Levine, hired recent Hofstra University graduate Lawrence Herbert as a part - time employee. Herbert used his chemistry knowledge to systematize and simplify the company 's stock of pigments and production of colored inks ; by 1962, Herbert was running the ink and printing division at a profit, while the commercial - display division was $50,000 in debt ; he subsequently purchased the company 's technological assets from the Levine Brothers for $90,000 ( equivalent to $5,740,000 in 2017 ) and renamed them `` Pantone ''. The company 's primary products include the Pantone Guides, which consist of a large number of small ( approximately 6 × 2 inches or 15 × 5 cm ) thin cardboard sheets, printed on one side with a series of related color swatches and then bound into a small `` fan deck ''. For instance, a particular `` page '' might contain a number of yellows of varying tints. The idea behind the PMS is to allow designers to `` color match '' specific colors when a design enters production stage, regardless of the equipment used to produce the color. This system has been widely adopted by graphic designers and reproduction and printing houses. Pantone recommends that PMS Color Guides be purchased annually, as their inks become yellowish over time. Color variance also occurs within editions based on the paper stock used ( coated, matte or uncoated ), while interedition color variance occurs when there are changes to the specific paper stock used. Pantone color Matching system Spectrum of Pantone Colors from Orange to Red Spectrum of Pantone Colors from Yellow to Orange The Pantone Color Matching System is largely a standardized color reproduction system. By standardizing the colors, different manufacturers in different locations can all refer to the Pantone system to make sure colors match without direct contact with one another. One such use is standardizing colors in the CMYK process. The CMYK process is a method of printing color by using four inks -- cyan, magenta, yellow, and black. A majority of the world 's printed material is produced using the CMYK process, and there is a special subset of Pantone colors that can be reproduced using CMYK. Those that are possible to simulate through the CMYK process are labeled as such within the company 's guides. However, most of the Pantone system 's 1,114 spot colors can not be simulated with CMYK but with 13 base pigments ( 14 including black ) mixed in specified amounts. A logo commissioned by the Government of Singapore to celebrate the 50th anniversary of the nation 's independence. The usage instructions for the logo described it as being in Pantone Red 032 and White. The Pantone system also allows for many special colors to be produced, such as metallics and fluorescents. While most of the Pantone system colors are beyond the printed CMYK gamut, it was only in 2001 that Pantone began providing translations of their existing system with screen - based colors. Screen - based colors use the RGB color model -- red, green, blue -- system to create various colors. The ( discontinued ) Goe system has RGB and LAB values with each color. Pantone colors are described by their allocated number ( typically referred to as, for example, `` PMS 130 '' ). PMS colors are almost always used in branding and have even found their way into government legislation and military standards ( to describe the colors of flags and seals ). In January 2003, the Scottish Parliament debated a petition ( reference PE512 ) to refer to the blue in the Scottish flag as `` Pantone 300 ''. Countries such as Canada and South Korea and organizations such as the FIA have also chosen to refer to specific Pantone colors to use when producing flags. US states including Texas have set legislated PMS colors of their flags. It has also been used in an art project by the Brazilian photographer Angelica Dass which applies Pantone to the human skin color spectrum. Pantone Goe system On September 5, 2007, Pantone introduced the Goe System. Goe consisted of over 2,000 new colors in a new matching and numbering system. In addition to the standard swatch books ( now called the GoeGuide ), the new system also included adhesive - backed GoeSticks, interactive software, tools, and an online community where users were able to share color swatches and information. The Goe system was streamlined to use fewer base colors ( ten, plus clear coating for reflections ) and accommodate many technical challenges in reproducing colors on a press. The Pantone Goe system was discontinued in November 2013. Other products In mid-2006 Pantone, partnering with Vermont - based Fine Paints of Europe, introduced a new line of interior and exterior paints. The color palette uses Pantone 's color research and trending and has more than 3,000 colors. In November 2015, Pantone partnered with Redland London to create a collection of bags inspired from Pantone 's authority on color. Pantone also produced Hexachrome, a patented six - color printing system. In addition to custom CMYK inks, Hexachrome added orange and green inks to expand the color gamut, for better color reproduction. It was therefore also known as a CMYKOG process. Hexachrome was discontinued by Pantone in 2008 when Adobe Systems stopped supporting their HexWare plugin software. Color of the Year Since 2000, the Pantone Color Institute declares a particular color `` Color of the Year ''. Twice a year the company hosts, in a European capital, a secret meeting of representatives from various nations ' color standards groups. After two days of presentations and debate, they choose a color for the following year ; for example, the color for summer 2013 was chosen in London in the spring of 2012. The color purportedly connects with the zeitgeist ; for example, the press release declaring Honeysuckle the color of 2011 said `` In times of stress, we need something to lift our spirits. Honeysuckle is a captivating, stimulating color that gets the adrenaline going -- perfect to ward off the blues. '' The results of the meeting are published in Pantone View ( $750 ), which fashion designers, florists, and many other consumer - oriented companies purchase to help guide their designs and planning for future products. 2000 Cerulean Pantone 15 - 4020 # 9BB7D4 Fuchsia Rose Pantone 17 - 2031 # C74375 2002 True Red Pantone 19 - 1664 # BF1932 2003 Aqua Sky Pantone 14 - 4811 # 7BC4C4 Tigerlily Pantone 17 - 1456 # E2583E 2005 Blue Turquoise Pantone 15 - 5217 # 53B0AE 2006 Sand Dollar Pantone 13 - 1106 # DECDBE 2007 Chili Pepper Pantone 19 - 1557 # 9B1B30 2008 Blue Iris Pantone 18 - 3943 # 5A5B9F 2009 Mimosa Pantone 14 - 0848 # F0C05A Turquoise Pantone 15 - 5519 # 45B5AA 2011 Honeysuckle Pantone 18 - 2120 # D94F70 2012 Tangerine Tango Pantone 17 - 1463 # DD4124 2013 Emerald Pantone 17 - 5641 # 009473 2014 Radiant Orchid Pantone 18 - 3224 # B163A3 2015 Marsala Pantone 18 - 1438 # 955251 2016 Rose Quartz Pantone 13 - 1520 # F7CAC9 2016 Serenity Pantone 15 - 3913 # 92A8D1 2017 Greenery Pantone 15 - 0343 # 88B04B 2018 Ultra Violet Pantone 18 - 3838 # 5F4B8B In 2012, the color of the year, Tangerine Tango, was used to create a makeup line, in partnership with Sephora. The product line, named Sephora + Pantone Universe collection, features Tangerine Tango -- embellished false lashes ; nail lacquers, cream, glitters, and high - pigment lip glosses. The person behind Pantone 's Color of the Year, Executive Director of the Pantone Color Institute Leatrice Eiseman, explains in an interview how 2014 's Color of the Year, Radiant Orchid, was chosen : I look for ascending color trends, colors that are being used in broader ways and broader context than before... In this case, Radiant Orchid descends from the purple family, which is kind of a magical color that denotes creativity and innovation. Purple is just that kind of a complex, interesting, attracting kind of color... ( The ) back - story to purple is that it inspires confidence in your creativity, and we 're living in a world where that kind of creative innovation is greatly admired. In the world of color, purple is an attention - getter, and it has a meaning. It speaks to people, and we felt that it was time for the purple family to be celebrated. That 's why we chose the particular shade called Radiant Orchid. -- Leatrice Eiseman Pantone has said that color `` has always been an integral part of how a culture expresses the attitudes and emotions of the times. '' Intellectual property Pantone asserts that their lists of color numbers and pigment values are the intellectual property of Pantone and free use of the list is not allowed. This is frequently held as a reason Pantone colors can not be supported in open - source software and are not often found in low - cost proprietary software. Pantone has been accused of `` being intentionally unclear '' about its exact legal claims, but it is acknowledged that `` the simplest claim would be trademark misappropriation or dilution towards someone who produced a color palette marketed as compatible with Pantone 's ''. Pantone palettes supplied by printer manufacturers can be obtained freely, and usually do not come with usage restrictions beyond a sales ban on hard copies of the palette. See also Color portal Color chart -- other color systems and charts CMYK color model Natural Color System ( NCS ), Munsell color system, and other proprietary color spaces where most consumers use swatches to make color decisions ; unlike Pantone, these systems are based on underlying color models rather than pigment mixtures. RAL colour standard Spot color Sui generis database right -- copyright protection of databases References Jump up ^ Horyn, Cathy. `` Pantone 's Color of the Year Is... '', The New York Times, December 20, 2007. Accessed September 8, 2008. `` Nonetheless, Pantone 's choice of blue iris, or No. 18 - 3943, got some news media attention last week, which seemed to be partly the objective of the company, which is based in Carlstadt, NJ. '' Jump up ^ `` Pantone US $180 m Acquisition Completion For X-Rite : News from X-Rite '', Printing talk. Jump up ^ `` Pantone Inc. History '', Company histories, Funding universe. Jump up ^ Senior Staff ( interview ), Ink Systems, Inc, October 27, 2006. Jump up ^ `` Pantone Press Release, 6 May 2004 ''. Archived from the original on 2013 - 01 - 31. Retrieved 2007 - 02 - 23. Colors in the new formula guide and chips books have changed due to a shift to coated paper that is brighter and whiter. ^ Jump up to : Pantone 2.0 : After 45 Years, the Sequel to PMS, Creative Pro. Jump up ^ Celebrating the Little Red Dot, SG50 Programme Office, 2015, archived from the original on 18 March 2015. Jump up ^ Pantone announces RGB conversions for Pantone system ( press release ), Providing Designers with simple and accurate methods for recreating Pantone Matching System colors in Web designs. ^ Jump up to : `` Graphics - Pantone Goe System ''. www.pantone.com. Pantone. Retrieved 2017 - 08 - 17. Jump up ^ Directive ( PDF ), USCG. Jump up ^ `` 3100. State Flag '', Statute, TX, US, archived from the original on 2007 - 10 - 13, ( b ) The red and blue of the state flag are ( 1 ) the same colors used in the United States flag ; and ( 2 ) defined as numbers 193 ( red ) and 281 ( dark blue ) of the Pantone Matching System. Jump up ^ `` Angélica Dass '', About me. Jump up ^ `` Pantone skin color spectrum '', Design boom. Jump up ^ Humanæ, Tumblr. Jump up ^ Pantone Unveils Goe System ( press release ), retrieved September 5, 2007, Over 2,000 new Pantone colors to inspire, explore and express the color of ideas. Jump up ^ Patent, US : PTO, 5734800. Jump up ^ About us ( press release ), Pantone. Jump up ^ PANTONE. `` Trend Forecasting - Celebrate Color : Color by Decade Infographic from Pantone.com ''. PANTONE. Retrieved 2017 - 08 - 17. ^ Jump up to : Vanderbilt 2012. Jump up ^ `` Pantone Reveals Color of the Year for 2011 : Pantone 18 - 2120 Honeysuckle ''. Pantone. Jump up ^ `` 2012 Pantone Color of the Year ''. Pantone. Jump up ^ `` Radiant Orchid -- Pantone Color of the Year 2014 ''. Pantone. Jump up ^ `` Marsala -- Pantone Color of the Year 2015 ''. Pantone. ^ Jump up to : `` Pantone Color of the Year 2016 Color Standards ''. Pantone. Jump up ^ `` Pantone Color of the Year 2017 Color Standards ''. Pantone. Jump up ^ `` Pantone Color of the Year 2018 Tools for Designers ''. Pantone. Jump up ^ Hutchings, Emma ( 2012 - 03 - 23 ). `` Pantone Teams Up With Sephora to Create A Color - Saturated Makeup Line ''. PSFK. Retrieved March 23, 2012. Jump up ^ Sragovic, Ana ( 2012 - 03 - 21 ). `` Orange Crush : Sephora and Pantone Team Up for an NYC Pop - Up Shop ''. Vogue. Retrieved March 23, 2012. Jump up ^ Eiseman, Leatrice. `` Lee Eiseman, Executive Director, Pantone Color Institute ''. Spotlight. Signazon. Retrieved 24 January 2014. Jump up ^ `` Celebrate Color ''. pantone.com. Panton. Retrieved 7 December 2014. Jump up ^ `` Clause 4 '', Terms of Use, Pantone, 30 July 2009, published materials of Pantone, are protected by copyright laws and include, for example, graphic presentations, color references, Pantone Colors, Pantone Names, numbers, formulas, and software. Jump up ^ `` Pantone and free software '', Linux.com. Jump up ^ `` Pantone and free software ''. Linux.com The source for Linux information. Retrieved 2017 - 08 - 17. External links Wikimedia Commons has media related to Pantone. Official website Vanderbilt, Tom ( 2012 - 04 - 27 ), `` Sneaking Into Pantone HQ '', Slate, retrieved April 29, 2012 International Distributor PANTONE kleurenoverzicht ( www.pantone-colours.com ) Color space List of color spaces Color models CAM CIECAM02 iCAM CIE CIEXYZ CIELAB CIECAM02 CIELUV Yuv CIEUVW CIE RGB RGB RGB color space sRGB rg chromaticity Adobe Wide - gamut ProPhoto scRGB DCI - P3 Rec. 709 Rec. 2020 Rec. 2100 YUV YUV PAL YDbDr SECAM PAL - N YIQ NTSC YCbCr Rec. 601 Rec. 709 Rec. 2020 Rec. 2100 ICtCp YPbPr xvYCC YCoCg Other CcMmYK CMYK Coloroid LMS Hexachrome HSL, HSV HCL Imaginary color OSA - UCS PCCS RG RYB Color systems and standards ACES ANPA Colour Index International CI list of dyes DIC Federal Standard 595 HKS ICC profile ISCC -- NBS Munsell NCS Ostwald Pantone RAL list For the vision capacities of organisms or machines, see Color vision. Color topics Red Orange Yellow Green Cyan Blue Indigo Violet Purple Magenta Pink Brown White Gray Black Color science Color physics Electromagnetic spectrum Light Rainbow Visible Spectral colors Chromophore Structural coloration Animal coloration On Vision and Colors Metamerism Spectral power distribution Color perception Color vision Color blindness Achromatopsia test Tetrachromacy Color constancy Color term Color depth Color photography Spot color Color printing Web colors Color mapping Color code Color management Chrominance False color Chroma key Color balance Color cast Color temperature Eigengrau Color psychology Color symbolism Color preferences Lüscher color test Kruithof curve Political color National colors Chromophobia Chromotherapy Color philosophy Color space Color model additive subtractive Color mixing Primary color Secondary color Tertiary color ( intermediate ) Quaternary color Quinary color Aggressive color ( warm ) Receding color ( cool ) Pastel colors Color gradient Color scheme Color tool Monochromatic colors Complementary colors Analogous colors Achromatic colors ( Neutral ) Polychromatic colors Impossible colors Light - on - dark Tinctures in heraldry Color theory Chromaticity diagram Color solid Color wheel Color triangle Color analysis ( art ) Color realism ( art style ) Color terms Basic terms Blue Green Red Yellow Pink Purple Orange Black Gray White Brown Cultural differences Linguistic relativity and the color naming debate Blue -- green distinction in language Color history Color in Chinese culture Traditional colors of Japan Human skin color Color dimensions Hue Dichromatism Colorfulness ( chroma and saturation ) Tints and shades Lightness ( tone and value ) Grayscale Color organizations Pantone Color Marketing Group The Color Association of the United States International Colour Authority International Commission on Illumination ( CIE ) International Color Consortium International Colour Association Lists List of colors : A -- F List of colors : G -- M List of colors : N -- Z List of colors ( compact ) List of colors by shade List of color palettes List of color spaces List of Crayola crayon colors history pencil colors marker colors Color chart List of fictional colors List of RAL colors List of web colors Related Vision Image processing Multi-primary color display Quattron Qualia Lighting Local color ( visual art ) Portal Index of color - related articles Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pantone&oldid=829931298 '' Categories : Graphic design Printing Color organizations Companies based in Bergen County, New Jersey Hidden categories : All articles with dead external links Articles with dead external links from March 2018 Articles with permanently dead external links All articles with unsourced statements Articles with unsourced statements from January 2011 Articles with unsourced statements from January 2018 Talk Contents About Wikipedia Български Català Čeština Español فارسی Français Galego 한국어 Bahasa Indonesia Italiano עברית Lëtzebuergesch Lietuvių Magyar Nederlands 日本 語 Norsk Polski Português Scots Slovenščina Türkçe Tiếng Việt 粵語 中文 17 more Edit links This page was last edited on 11 March 2018, at 18 : 02. 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Question: who decides what the color of the year is
Answer: representatives from various nations' color standards groups