Interphase - wikipedia Interphase Not to be confused with Interface ( chemistry ). This article is about the phase in the cell cycle. For the video game, see Interphase ( video game ). An illustration of interphase. The chromatin has not yet condensed, and the cell is undergoing its normal functions. An image of the nucleus of a cell ( HT1080 ) currently in interphase ( likely G1 ). Note : Cytoplasm of this cell or the neighboring cell is not visible ( top - left ), which is currently in the telophase of mitosis. Image taken using an optical microscope and DAPI staining of DNA. Interphase is the phase of the cell cycle in which a typical cell spends most of its life. During this phase, the cell copies its DNA in preparation for mitosis. Interphase is the ' daily living ' or metabolic phase of the cell, in which the cell obtains nutrients and metabolizes them, grows, reads its DNA, and conducts other `` normal '' cell functions. The majority of eukaryotic cells spend most of their time in interphase. This phase was formerly called the resting phase. However, interphase does not describe a cell that is merely resting ; rather, the cell is living, and preparing for later cell division, so the name was changed. A common misconception is that interphase is the first stage of mitosis. However, since mitosis is the division of the nucleus, prophase is actually the first stage. In interphase, the cell gets itself ready for mitosis or meiosis. Somatic cells, or normal diploid cells of the body, go through mitosis in order to reproduce themselves through cell division, whereas diploid germ cells ( i.e., primary spermatocytes and primary oocytes ) go through meiosis in order to create haploid gametes ( i.e., sperm and ova ) for the purpose of sexual reproduction. Chromosomes are copied. Contents 1 Stages of interphase 2 Interphase within sequences of cellular processes 2.1 Interphase and the cell cycle 2.2 Interphase and other cellular processes 3 See also 4 References Stages of interphase There are three stages of cellular interphase, with each phase ending when a cellular checkpoint checks the accuracy of the stage 's completion before proceeding to the next. The stages of interphase are : G ( Gap 1 ), in which the cell grows and functions normally. During this time, a high amount of protein synthesis occurs and the cell grows ( to about double its original size ) - more organelles are produced and the volume of the cytoplasm increases. If the cell is not to divide again, it will enter G. Synthesis ( S ), in which the cell duplicates its DNA ( via semiconservative replication ). G ( Gap 2 ), in which the cell resumes its growth in preparation for division. The mitochondria divide and the cell continues to grow until mitosis begins. In plants, chloroplasts also divide during G2. In addition, some cells that do not divide often or ever, enter a stage called G ( Gap zero ), which is either a stage separate from interphase or an extended G. The duration of time spent in interphase and in each stage of interphase is variable and depends on both the type of cell and the species of organism it belongs to. Most cells of adult mammals spend about 20 hours in interphase ; this accounts for about 90 % of the total time involved in cell division. Interphase includes G1, S, and G2 phases. Mitosis and cytokinesis, however, are separate from interphase. Interphase within sequences of cellular processes Interphase and the cell cycle When G is completed, the cell enters a relatively brief period of nuclear and cellular division, composed of mitosis and cytokinesis, respectively. After the successful completion of mitosis and cytokinesis, both resulting daughter cells re-enter G of interphase. In the cell cycle, interphase is preceded by telophase and cytokinesis of the M phase. In alternative fashion, interphase is sometimes interrupted by G phase, which, in some circumstances, may then end and be followed by the remaining stages of interphase. After the successful completion of the G checkpoint, the final checkpoint in interphase, the cell proceeds to prophase, or in plants to preprophase, which is the first stage of mitosis. G phase is viewed as either an extended G phase where the cell is neither dividing nor preparing to divide and or as a distinct quiescent stage which occurs outside of the cell cycle. Interphase and other cellular processes In gamete production interphase is succeeded by meiosis. In programmed cell death, interphase is followed or preempted by apoptosis. See also Prophase Prometaphase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase References ^ Jump up to : Marieb, Elaine ( 2000 ), Essentials of human anatomy and physiology, San Francisco : Benjamin Cummings, ISBN 0805349405 Jump up ^ The Cell Cycle & Mitosis Tutorial The Biology Project -- Cell Biology. University of Arizona. Jump up ^ Cummings, M.R. ( 2014 ). Human Heredity : Principles and Issues ( 10th ed., pp. 28 - 29 ). Belmont, CA : Brooks / Cole. Jump up ^ Mader, S.S. 2007. Biology 9th Ed. McGraw Hill Higher Education, Boston, MA, USA. ISBN 978 - 0 - 07 - 325839 - 3 Jump up ^ Re : Are the cells in the G0 ( g zero ) phase of mitosis really suspended ? Erin Cram, Grad student, Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of California, Berkeley. 1999. MadScience Network. Question ID 942142089. Cb. Cell cycle proteins Cyclin A ( A1, A2 ) B ( B1, B2, B3 ) D ( D1, D2, D3 ) E ( E1, E2 ) CDK 6 7 8 9 10 CDK - activating kinase CDK inhibitor INK4a / ARF ( p14arf / p16, p15, p18, p19 ) cip / kip ( p21, p27, p57 ) P53 p63 p73 family p53 p63 p73 Other Cdc2 Cdc25 Cdc42 Cellular apoptosis susceptibility protein E2F Maturation promoting factor Wee Cullin ( CUL7 ) Phases and checkpoints Interphase G phase S phase G phase M phase Mitosis ( Preprophase Prophase Prometaphase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase ) Cytokinesis Cell cycle checkpoints Restriction point Spindle checkpoint Postreplication checkpoint Other cellular phases Apoptosis G phase Meiosis Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Interphase&oldid=810765153 '' Categories : Mitosis Cell biology Talk Contents About Wikipedia Azərbaycanca Български Bosanski Català Čeština Deutsch Eesti Español فارسی Français Galego Hrvatski Italiano ქართული Қазақша Kreyòl ayisyen Кыргызча Lietuvių Македонски Norsk Polski Português Română Русский Slovenščina Српски / srpski Svenska Türkçe Українська 中文 Edit links This page was last edited on 17 November 2017, at 08 : 19. 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Question: why does dna need to replicate during interphase
Answer: in preparation for mitosis