Respiratory epithelium - wikipedia Respiratory epithelium Respiratory epithelium Diagram of the trachea showing respiratory epithelium at the top Illustration depicting Pseudostratified Ciliated Columnar Epithelium. Details System ( Respiratory system ) ) Identifiers MeSH D020545 TH H3. 05.00. 0.00003 Anatomical terms of microanatomy ( edit on Wikidata ) This article is one of a series on Epithelia Squamous epithelial cell Simple Stratified Columnar epithelial cell Simple Stratified Pseudostratified Cuboidal epithelial cell Simple Stratified Specialised epithelia Olfactory Respiratory Intestinal Transitional Vaginal Germinal female male Other Table of epithelia of human organs Respiratory epithelium is a type of ciliated epithelium found lining most of the respiratory tract, where it serves to moisten and protect the airways. It is not present in the larynx and pharynx. It also functions as a barrier to potential pathogens and foreign particles, preventing infection and tissue injury by the action of mucociliary clearance. Structure The respiratory epithelium lining the upper respiratory airways is classified as ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium. This designation is due to the arrangement of the multiple cell types composing the respiratory epithelium. While all cells make contact with the basement membrane and are, therefore, a single layer of cells, the nuclei are not aligned in the same plane. Hence, it appears as though several layers of cells are present and the epithelium is called pseudostratified. The majority of cells composing the ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium are of three types : a ) ciliated cells, b ) goblet cells, and c ) basal cells. The ciliated cells are columnar epithelial cells with specialized ciliary modifications. Goblet cells, so named because they are shaped like a wine goblet, are columnar epithelial cells that contain membrane - bound mucous granules and secrete mucus, or epithelial lining fluid ( ELF ), the composition of which is tightly regulated ; the mucus helps maintain epithelial moisture and traps particulate material and pathogens moving through the airway. and determines how well mucociliary clearance works. The basal cells are small, nearly cuboidal cells thought to have some ability to differentiate into other cells types found within the epithelium. For example, these basal cells respond to injury of the airway epithelium, migrating to cover a site denuded of differentiated epithelial cells, and subsequently differentiating to restore a healthy epithelial cell layer. Certain parts of the respiratory tract, such as the oropharynx, are also subject to the abrasive swallowing of food. To prevent the destruction of the respiratory epithelium in these areas, it changes to stratified squamous epithelium, which is better suited to the constant sloughing and abrasion. The squamous layer of the oropharynx is continuous with the esophagus. References Jump up ^ Mescher AL, `` Chapter 17. The Respiratory System '' ( Chapter ). Mescher AL : Junqueira 's Basic Histology : Text & Atlas, 12e : `` Archived copy ''. Archived from the original on 2013 - 06 - 03. Retrieved 2015 - 02 - 24... Jump up ^ Stanke F The Contribution of the Airway Epithelial Cell to Host Defense. Mediators Inflamm. 2015 ; 2015 : 463016. PMID 26185361 PMC 4491388 Jump up ^ U.S. EPA. Integrated Science Assessment for Oxides of Nitrogen -- Health Criteria ( 2016 Final Report ). U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, EPA / 600 / R - 15 / 068, 2016. Federal Register Notice Jan 28, 2016 Free download available at Report page at EPA website. External links Histology image : 13903loa -- Histology Learning System at Boston University Histology of The Respiratory System Epithelial tissue Cells Squamous Cuboidal Columnar Types Simple squamous epithelium Endothelium Mesothelium Simple cuboidal epithelium Simple columnar epithelium Pseudostratified columnar epithelium Respiratory epithelium Stratified squamous epithelium Stratified cuboidal epithelium Stratified columnar epithelium Transitional epithelium Urothelium Glands Types Mechanism Merocrine Eccrine Apocrine Holocrine Sebaceous Meibomian Shape Tubular gland Alveolar gland Secretion Serous glands Mucous glands Components Myoepithelial cell Serous demilune Ducts : Interlobar Interlobular Intralobular Striated Intercalated Acinus / Lobe Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Respiratory_epithelium&oldid=836553952 '' Categories : Respiratory system Epithelium Hidden categories : Pages with unresolved properties All articles with unsourced statements Articles with unsourced statements from March 2010 Talk About Wikipedia Čeština Deutsch Español فارسی Kurdî Svenska Edit links This page was last edited on 15 April 2018, at 13 : 52. 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Question: where are ciliated cells found in the respiratory system
Answer: lining most of the respiratory tract