Juan de Fuca Plate - wikipedia Juan de Fuca Plate This article is about the entire Juan de Fuca Plate, or more specifically the middle fragment. For the northern fragment, see Explorer Plate. For the southern fragment, see Gorda Plate. Juan de Fuca Plate Type Minor Approximate area 250,000 km ( 96,000 sq mi ) Movement north - east Speed 26mm / year ( 1.0 in / yr ) Features Pacific Ocean Relative to the African Plate Cutaway of the Juan de Fuca Plate. USGS image The Juan de Fuca Plate is a tectonic plate generated from the Juan de Fuca Ridge and is subducting under the northerly portion of the western side of the North American Plate at the Cascadia subduction zone. It is named after the explorer of the same name. One of the smallest of Earth 's tectonic plates, the Juan de Fuca Plate is a remnant part of the once - vast Farallon Plate, which is now largely subducted underneath the North American Plate. Contents 1 Origins 2 Extent 3 Volcanism 4 Earthquakes 5 Carbon sequestration potential 6 See also 7 References 8 External links Origins The Juan de Fuca plate system has its origins with Panthalassa 's oceanic basin and crust. This oceanic crust has primarily been subducted under the North American plate, and the Eurasian Plate. Panthalassa 's oceanic plate remnants are understood to be the Juan de Fuca, Gorda, Cocos and the Nazca plates, all four of which were part of the Farallon Plate. Extent A map of the Juan de Fuca Plate The Juan de Fuca plate is bounded on the south by the Blanco Fracture Zone ( running northwest off the coast of Oregon ), on the north by the Nootka Fault ( running southwest off Nootka Island, near Vancouver Island, British Columbia ) and along the west by the Pacific Plate ( which covers most of the Pacific Ocean and is the largest of Earth 's tectonic plates ). The Juan de Fuca plate itself has since fractured into three pieces, and the name is applied to the entire plate in some references, but in others only to the central portion. The three fragments are differentiated as such : the piece to the south is known as the Gorda Plate and the piece to the north is known as the Explorer Plate. The separate pieces are demarcated by the large offsets of the undersea spreading zone. Volcanism This subducting plate system has formed the Cascade Range, the Cascade Volcanic Arc, and the Pacific Ranges, along the west coast of North America from southern British Columbia to northern California. These in turn are part of the Pacific Ring of Fire, a much larger - scale volcanic feature that extends around much of the rim of the Pacific Ocean. Earthquakes The last megathrust earthquake at the Cascadia subduction zone was the 1700 Cascadia earthquake, estimated to have a moment magnitude of 8.7 to 9.2. Based on carbon dating of local tsunami deposits, it is inferred to have occurred around 1700. Evidence of this earthquake is also seen in the ghost forest along the bank of the Copalis River in Washington. The rings of the dead trees indicate that they died around 1700, and it is believed that they were killed when the earthquake occurred and sunk the ground beneath them causing the trees to be flooded by saltwater. Japanese records indicate that a tsunami occurred in Japan on 26 January 1700, which was likely caused by this earthquake. In 2008, small earthquakes were observed within the Juan de Fuca Plate. The unusual quakes were described as `` more than 600 quakes over the past 10 days in a basin 150 miles southwest of Newport ''. The quakes were unlike most quakes in that they did not follow the pattern of a large quake, followed by smaller aftershocks ; rather, they were simply a continual deluge of small quakes. Furthermore, they did not occur on the tectonic plate boundary, but rather in the middle of the plate. The subterranean quakes were detected on hydrophones, and scientists described the sounds as similar to thunder, and unlike anything previously recorded. Carbon sequestration Potential The basaltic formations of the Juan de Fuca Plate could potentially be suitable for long - term CO sequestration as part of a carbon capture and storage ( CCS ) system. Injection of CO would lead to the formation of stable carbonates. It is estimated that 100 years of US carbon emissions ( at current rate ) could be stored securely, without risk of leakage back into the atmosphere. See also Astoria Fan Cascadia Channel Geology of the Pacific Northwest Plate tectonics References Jump up ^ `` Sizes of Tectonic or Lithospheric Plates ''. Geology.about.com. 2014 - 03 - 05. Retrieved 2016 - 01 - 06. Jump up ^ Wong, Florence L. `` Seaside, Oregon, Tsunami Pilot Study GIS, USGS Data Series 236, home page ''. pubs.usgs.gov. Retrieved 2017 - 04 - 15. Jump up ^ Schulz, Kathryn ( June 20, 2015 ). `` The Earthquake That Will Devastate the Pacific Northwest ''. The New Yorker. Jump up ^ Satake, Kenji ; Wang, Kelin ; Atwater, Brian F. ( 2003 - 11 - 01 ). `` Fault slip and seismic moment of the 1700 Cascadia earthquake inferred from Japanese tsunami descriptions ''. Journal of Geophysical Research : Solid Earth. 108 ( B11 ) : 2535. Bibcode : 2003JGRB... 108.2535 S. doi : 10.1029 / 2003JB002521. ISSN 2156 - 2202. Jump up ^ `` Unusual Earthquake Swarm Off Oregon Coast Puzzles Scientists ''. Science News. ScienceDaily. 2008 - 04 - 14. Jump up ^ Goldberg, D.S. `` Carbon dioxide sequestration in deep - sea basalt ''. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 105 : 9920 -- 9925. doi : 10.1073 / pnas. 0804397105. Retrieved 12 December 2014. Jump up ^ Fairley, Jerry. `` Sub-seafloor Carbon Dioxide Storage Potential on the Juan de Fuca Plate, Western North America ''. Energy Procedia. 37 : 5248 -- 5257. doi : 10.1016 / j. egypro. 2013.06. 441. Retrieved 2017 - 04 - 15. External links National Geographic on Japanese records verifying an American earthquake Cascadia tectonic history with map Tectonic plates Major African Indo - Australian Plate Antarctic Eurasian North American Pacific South American Minor Amurian Arabian Caribbean Caroline Cocos Juan de Fuca Nazca Okhotsk Philippine Scotia Somali Yangtze Other Adriatic Aegean Sea Anatolian Australian Balmoral Reef Banda Sea Bird 's Head Burma Capricorn Conway Reef Easter Explorer Futuna Galapagos Gonâve Gorda Greenland Halmahera Iberian Indian Iranian Juan Fernández Kerguelen Kermadec Madagascar Manus Maoke Mariana Molucca Sea New Hebrides Niuafo'ou North Andes North Bismarck North Galapagos Nubian Okinawa Panama Pelso Philippine Mobile Belt Rivera Sangihe Seychelles Shetland Solomon Sea South Bismarck South Sandwich Sunda Timor Tisza Tonga Woodlark Historical Baltic Bellingshausen Charcot Cimmeria Farallon Insular Intermontane Izanagi Kula Lhasa Malvinas Moa Phoenix List of tectonic plates VIAF : 241869993 GND : 4614877 - 2 Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Juan_de_Fuca_Plate&oldid=816463021 '' Categories : Tectonic plates Geology of the Pacific Ocean Hidden categories : Wikipedia articles with VIAF identifiers Wikipedia articles with GND identifiers Talk Contents About Wikipedia Català Deutsch Español Esperanto Euskara فارسی Français 한국어 हिन्दी Italiano עברית Nederlands 日本 語 Occitan Polski Português Русский Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски Svenska Türkçe Українська Tiếng Việt 中文 Edit links This page was last edited on 21 December 2017, at 14 : 09. 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Question: where is the juan de fuca plate located
Answer: Cascadia subduction zone