Tehran - wikipedia Tehran This article is about the Iranian capital city. For other uses, see Tehran ( disambiguation ). Tehran تهران Metropolis تهران بزرگ Greater Tehran Clockwise from top : Milad Tower seen from Qarb Town, Shemiran, Ab - o - Atash Park, Mount Tochal seen from Modarres Expressway, Tabiat Bridge, Chitgar Lake, Golestan Palace, Ferdows Garden, and the Azadi Tower. Seal Tehran Tehran Show map of Iran Show map of Asia Show all Location in Iran and Asia Coordinates : 35 ° 41 ′ 21 '' N 51 ° 23 ′ 20 '' E ﻿ / ﻿ 35.68917 ° N 51.38889 ° E ﻿ / 35.68917 ; 51.38889 Coordinates : 35 ° 41 ′ 21 '' N 51 ° 23 ′ 20 '' E ﻿ / ﻿ 35.68917 ° N 51.38889 ° E ﻿ / 35.68917 ; 51.38889 Country Iran Province Tehran County Tehran Ray Shemiranat District Central Government Mayor Mohammad Ali Najafi City Council Chairman Mohsen Hashemi Rafsanjani Area Urban 730 km ( 280 sq mi ) Elevation 900 to 1,830 m ( 2,952 to 6,003 ft ) Population ( 2016 ) Density 11,800 / km ( 31,000 / sq mi ) Urban 7,006,884,678,200,000,000 ♠ 8,846,782 Metro 7,007,150,000,000,000,000 ♠ 15,000,000 Population Rank in Iran 1st Demonym ( s ) Tehrani ( en ) Time zone IRST ( UTC + 03 : 30 ) Summer ( DST ) IRDT ( UTC + 04 : 30 ) Area code ( s ) ( + 98 ) 021 Climate BSk Website www.tehran.ir This article contains Persian text. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols. Tehran ( Persian : تهران ‎ ‎ ‎ Tehrân, pronounced ( thehˈɾɒːn ) ( listen ) ) is the capital of Iran and Tehran Province. With a population of around 8.8 million in the city and 15 million in its larger metropolitan area, Tehran is the most populous city in Iran and Western Asia, and it has the second - largest metropolitan area in the Middle East. It is ranked 29th in the world by the population of its metropolitan area. In the Classical era, part of the territory of present - day Tehran was occupied by Rhages, a prominent Median city. It was subject to destruction following the Arab, Turkic, and Mongol invasions. Its modern - day inheritor remains as an urban area absorbed into the metropolitan area of Greater Tehran. Tehran was first chosen as the capital of Iran by Agha Mohammad Khan of the Qajar dynasty in 1796, in order to remain within close reach of Iran 's territories in the Caucasus, before being separated from Iran as a result of the Russo - Iranian Wars, and to avoid the vying factions of the previously ruling Iranian dynasties. The capital has been moved several times throughout the history, and Tehran is the 32nd national capital of Iran. The city was the seat of the Qajars and Pahlavis, the two last monarchies of Iran. It is home to many historical collections, including the royal complexes of Golestan, Sa'dabad, and Niavaran, as well as the country 's most important governmental buildings of the modern era. Large scale demolition and rebuilding began in the 1920s, and Tehran has been a destination for the mass migrations from all over Iran since the 20th century. Tehran 's most famous landmarks include the Azadi Tower, a memorial built under the reign of the Pahlavi dynasty, and the Milad Tower, the world 's sixth - tallest self - supporting tower which was completed in 2007. The Tabiat Bridge, a newly - built landmark, was completed in 2014. The majority of the population of Tehran are Persian - speaking people, and roughly 99 % of the population understand and speak Persian, but there are large populations of other Iranian ethnicities such as Azerbaijanis, Armenians, Lurs, and Kurds who live in Tehran and speak Persian as their second language. Tehran is served by the international airports of Mehrabad and Khomeini, a central railway station, the rapid transit system of Tehran Metro, a bus rapid transit system, trolleybuses, and a large network of highways. There have been plans to relocate Iran 's capital from Tehran to another area, due mainly to air pollution and the city 's exposure to earthquakes. To date, no definitive plans have been approved. A 2016 survey of 230 cities by consultant Mercer ranked Tehran 203rd for quality of life. According to the Global Destinations Cities Index in 2016, Tehran is among the top ten fastest growing destinations. Contents 1 History 1.1 Classical era 1.2 Medieval period 1.3 Early modern era 1.4 Late modern era 2 Geography 2.1 Location and subdivisions 2.2 Climate 2.3 Environmental issues 3 Demographics 3.1 Religion 4 Economy 4.1 Shopping 4.2 Tourism 5 Infrastructure 5.1 Transport 5.1. 1 Highways and streets 5.1. 2 Cars 5.1. 3 Buses 5.1. 4 Railway and subway 5.1. 5 Airport 5.2 Parks and green spaces 6 Education 7 Culture 7.1 Architecture 7.2 Theater 7.3 Cinema 7.4 Sports 7.4. 1 Football clubs 7.5 Food 7.6 Graffiti 8 Twin towns and partner cities 9 Panoramic views 10 See also 11 References 12 Bibliography 13 External links History See also : Timeline of Tehran The origin of the name Tehran is uncertain. The settlement of Tehran dates back over 7,000 years. Classical era Tehran is situated within the historical region of Media ( Old Persian : 𐎶𐎠𐎭 Māda ) in northwestern Iran. By the time of the Median Empire, a part of the territory of present - day Tehran was a suburb of the prominent Median city of Rhages ( Old Persian : 𐎼𐎥𐎠 Ragā ). In the Avesta 's Videvdat ( i, 15 ), Rhages is mentioned as the 12th sacred place created by Ohrmazd. In Old Persian inscriptions, Rhages appears as a province ( Bistun 2, 10 -- 18 ). From Rhages, Darius I sent reinforcements to his father Hystaspes, who was putting down the rebellion in Parthia ( Bistun 3, 1 -- 10 ). In some Middle Persian texts, Rhages is given as the birthplace of Zoroaster, although modern historians generally place the birth of Zoroaster in Khorasan. Rhages 's modern - day inheritor, Ray, is a city located towards the southern end of Tehran, which has been absorbed into the metropolitan area of Greater Tehran. Mount Damavand, the highest peak of Iran, which is located near Tehran, is an important location in Ferdowsi 's Šāhnāme, the Iranian epic poem that is based on the ancient legends of Iran. It appears in the epics as the homeland of the protoplast Keyumars, the birthplace of king Manuchehr, the place where king Freydun binds the dragon fiend Aždahāk ( Bivarasp ), and the place where Arash shot his arrow from. Medieval period During the reign of the Sassanian Empire, in 641, Yazdgerd III issued his last appeal to the nation from Rhages, before fleeing to Khorasan. Rhages was dominated by the Parthian Mehran family, and Siyavakhsh -- the son of Mehran the son of Bahram Chobin -- who resisted the 7th - century Muslim invasion of Iran. Because of this resistance, when the Arabs captured Rhages, they ordered the town to be destroyed and rebuilt anew by traitor aristocrat Farrukhzad. In the 9th century, Tehran was a well known village, but less known than the city of Rhages, which was flourishing nearby. Rhages was described in detail by 10th - century Muslim geographers. Despite the interest that Arabian Baghdad displayed in Rhages, the number of Arabs in the city remained insignificant and the population mainly consisted of Iranian of all classes. The Oghuz Turks invaded Rhages discretely in 1035 and 1042, but the city was recovered under the reigns of the Seljuks and the Khwarezmians. Medieval writer Najm od Din Razi declared the population of Rhages about 500,000 before the Mongol invasion. In the 13th century, the Mongols invaded Rhages, laid the city in ruins, and massacred many of its inhabitants. Following the invasion, many of the city 's inhabitants escaped to Tehran. In July 1404, Castilian ambassador Ruy González de Clavijo visited Tehran while on a journey to Samarkand, the capital of Turco - Mongol conqueror Timur, who ruled Iran at the time. In his diary, Tehran was described as an unwalled region. Early modern era Italian traveler Pietro della Valle passed through Tehran overnight in 1618, and in his memoirs, he mentioned the city as Taheran. English traveler Thomas Herbert entered Tehran in 1627, and mentioned it as Tyroan. Herbert stated that the city had about 3,000 houses. A portrait of Qajar ruler Agha Mohammad Khan, kept at London 's V&A Museum In the early 18th century, Karim Khan of the Zand dynasty ordered a palace and a government office to be built in Tehran, possibly to declare the city his capital ; but he later moved his government to Shiraz. Eventually, Qajar king Agha Mohammad Khan chose Tehran as the capital of Iran in 1776. Agha Mohammad Khan 's choice of his capital was based on a similar concern for the control of both northern and southern Iran. He was aware of the loyalties of the inhabitants of former capitals Isfahan and Shiraz to the Safavid and Zand dynasties respectively, and was wary of the power of the local notables in these cities. Thus, he probably viewed Tehran 's lack of a substantial urban structure as a blessing, because it minimized the chances of resistance to his rule by the notables and by the general public. Moreover, he had to remain within close reach of Azerbaijan and Iran 's integral northern and southern Caucasian territories -- at that time not yet irrevocably lost per the treaties of Golestan and Turkmenchay to the neighboring Russian Empire -- which would follow in the course of the 19th century. Map of Tehran in 1857 After 50 years of Qajar rule, the city still barely had more than 80,000 inhabitants. Up until the 1870s, Tehran consisted of a walled citadel, a roofed bazaar, and the three main neighborhoods of Udlajan, Chale - Meydan, and Sangelaj, where the majority resided. The first development plan of Tehran in 1855 emphasized the traditional spatial structure. Architecture, however, found an eclectic expression to reflect the new lifestyle. The second major planning exercise in Tehran took place under the supervision of Dar ol Fonun. The 1878 plan of Tehran included new city walls, in the form of a perfect octagon with an area of 19 square kilometers, which mimicked the Renaissance cities of Europe. Late modern era The Triumph of Tehran, Sardar Asad II and Sepahsalar e Tonekaboni conquering Tehran in July 1909 The growing social awareness of civil rights resulted in the Constitutional Revolution and the first constitution of Iran in 1906. On June 2, 1907, the parliament passed a law on local governance known as the Baladie ( municipal law ), providing a detailed outline on issues such as the role of councils within the city, the members ' qualifications, the election process, and the requirements to be entitled to vote. The then Qajar monarch Mohammad Ali Shah abolished the constitution and bombarded the parliament with the help of the Russian - controlled Cossack Brigade on June 23, 1908. That followed the capture of the city by the revolutionary forces of Ali - Qoli Khan ( Sardar Asad II ) and Mohammad Vali Khan ( Sepahsalar e Tonekaboni ) on July 13, 1909. As a result, the monarch was exiled and replaced with his son Ahmad, and the parliament was re-established. After World War I, the constituent assembly elected Reza Shah of the Pahlavi dynasty as the new monarch, who immediately suspended the Baladie law of 1907, replacing the decentralized and autonomous city councils with centralist approaches of governance and planning. From the 1920s to the 1930s, under the rule of Reza Shah, the city was essentially rebuilt from scratch. That followed a systematic demolition of several old buildings, including parts of the Golestan Palace, Tekye Dowlat, and Tupkhane Square, which were replaced with modern buildings influenced by classical Iranian architecture, particularly the building of the National Bank, the Police Headquarters, the Telegraph Office, and the Military Academy. The changes in urban fabric started with the street - widening act of 1933, which served as a framework for changes in all other cities. The Grand Bazaar was divided in half and many historic buildings were demolished to be replaced with wide straight avenues. As a result, the traditional texture of the city was replaced with intersecting cruciform streets that created large roundabouts, located on major public spaces such as the bazaar. As an attempt to create a network for easy transportation within the city, the old citadel and city walls were demolished in 1937, replaced by wide streets cutting through the urban fabric. The new city map of Tehran in 1937 was heavily influenced by modernist planning patterns of zoning and gridiron networks. During World War II, Soviet and British troops entered the city. In 1943, Tehran was the site of the Tehran Conference, attended by U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt, Soviet Premier Joseph Stalin, and British Prime Minister Winston Churchill. Tupkhane Square in 1911 A former Parliament Building, built in the 1920s A street in Tehran during the 1930s National Bank of Iran, Sabze Meydan, in the 1940s The Tehran Conference, 1943 Expressways in Tehran The establishment of the planning organization of Iran in 1948 resulted in the first socio - economic development plan to cover from 1949 to 1955. These plans not only failed to slow the unbalanced growth of Tehran, but with the 1962 land reforms that Reza Shah 's son and successor Mohammad Reza Shah named the White Revolution, Tehran 's chaotic growth was further accentuated. Throughout the 1960s and 1970s, Tehran was rapidly developing under the reign of Mohammad Reza Shah. Modern buildings altered the face of Tehran and ambitious projects were envisioned for the following decades. In order to resolve the problem of social exclusion, the first comprehensive plan of Tehran was approved in 1968. The consortium of Iranian architect Abd - ol - Aziz Farmanfarmaian and the American firm of Victor Gruen Associates identified the main problems blighting the city to be high density suburbs, air and water pollution, inefficient infrastructure, unemployment, and rural - urban migration. Eventually, the whole plan was marginalized by the 1979 Revolution and the subsequent Iran -- Iraq War. The Azadi Tower, built in 1971 Tehran 's most famous landmark, the Azadi Tower, was built by the order of the Shah in 1971. It was designed by Hossein Amanat, an architect who won a competition to design the monument, combining elements of classical Sassanian architecture with post-classical Iranian architecture. Formerly known as the Shahyad Tower, it was built in commemoration of the 2,500 th year of the foundation of the Imperial State of Iran. During the 1980 -- 1988 Iran -- Iraq War, Tehran was the target of repeated Scud missile attacks and air strikes. The 435 - meter - high Milad Tower, which was part of the proposed development projects in pre-revolutionary Iran, was completed in 2007, and has thence become a famous landmark of Tehran. The 270 - meter pedestrian overpass of Tabiat Bridge is a newly - built landmark, designed by award winning architect Leila Araghian, which was completed in 2014. Geography Location and subdivisions The metropolis of Tehran is divided into 22 municipal districts, each with its own administrative center. 20 of the 22 municipal districts are located in Tehran County 's Central District, while the districts 1 and 20 are respectively located in the counties of Shemiranat and Ray. Although administratively separate, the cities of Ray and Shemiran are often considered part of Greater Tehran. Sulqan RD Kan District Aftab District Aftab RD Khalazir RD Central District Siyahrud RD Tehran D - 1 ( Shemiranat County ) D - 2 D - 3 D - 4 D - 5 D - 6 D - 7 D - 8 D - 9 D - 10 D - 11 D - 12 D - 13 D - 14 D - 15 D - 16 D - 17 D - 18 D - 19 D - 20 ( Rey County ) D - 21 D - 22 Regions and municipal districts of Tehran North : District 1 : Čizar Dar Abad Darake Darband Džamaran Velenjak Gejtarije Nobonjad Tadžriš Zafaranije District 2 : Farahzad Shahrara Giša Punak - e Bahtari Sadat Abad Sadegije Šahrak - e Garb Šahrak - e Žandarmeri Tarašt Tovhid District 3 : Darus Davudije Ehtijarije Golhak Vanak Žordan District 5 : Bulvar - e Firdusi Džanat Abad Ekbatan Punak District 6 : Amir Abad Aržantin Jusef Abad Park - e Lale East : District 4 : Khak Sefid Hakimije Lavizan Ozgol Pasdaran Resalat Šams Abad Šemiran No Tehranpars Zargande District 7 : Abas Abad Behdžat Abad Emam Hosein Sabalan District 8 : Moalem Narmak Samangan Nezam Abad District 13 : Dušan Tape Niru Havaji Teheran No Piroozi District 14 : Čaharsad Dastgah Dulab Esfahanak Horasan Sad Dastgah Center : District 10 : Berjanak Haft Čenar Salsabil District 11 : Dohanijat Laškar Monirije Šejh Hadi District 12 : Baharestan Bazar - e Tehran Firdusi Gorgan Park - e Šar Pič - e Šemiran District 17 : Emamzade Hasan Hazane Falah Kale Morgi South : District 15 : Afsarije Bisim Havaran Kijanšar Masudije Moširije District 16 : Ali Abad Bag - e Azari Hazane Boharae Jahči Abad Javadieh Nazi Abad District 19 : Abdol Abad Hava Niruz Nemat Abad District 20 : Dovlat Abad Džavanm. - e Kasab Ebn - e Babavejh Hazrat - e Abdol - Azim Sizdah - e Aban West : District 9 : Džej Sar - Asjab District 18 : Čahar Bari Jaft Abad Šad Abad Šahrak - e Vali - Asr Tolid Daru District 21 : Iran Hodro Tehransar Vardavard District 22 : Bag - e Hadž - Sejf Kan Kuj - e Sazman - e Barname Parc Čitgar Pejkanšar Stadium - e Azadi Šahrak - e Češme Šahrak - e Rah - Ahan Šahrak - e Omid Municipal districts of Tehran Name Persian Name County Number of Municipal Regions Area Population Population Density Location within Tehran District 1 منطقه ۱ -- Mantaqe ye Yek Shemiranat County 10 7001640000000000000 ♠ 64.0 km2 379,962 7003593690000000000 ♠ 5,936.9 / km2 District 2 منطقه ۲ -- Mantaqe ye Dow Tehran County 9 7001640000000000000 ♠ 64.0 km2 650,000 7004101562999900000 ♠ 10,156.3 / km2 District 3 منطقه ۳ -- Mantaqe ye Se Tehran County 6 7001312000000000000 ♠ 31.2 km2 293,181 7003939680000099999 ♠ 9,396.8 / km2 District 4 منطقه ۴ -- Mantaqe ye Ĉahār Tehran County 9 7001614000000000000 ♠ 61.4 km2 864,946 7004140871000000000 ♠ 14,087.1 / km2 District 5 منطقه ۵ -- Mantaqe ye Panj Tehran County 7 7001529000000000000 ♠ 52.9 km2 800,000 7004151229000000000 ♠ 15,122.9 / km2 District 6 منطقه ۶ -- Mantaqe ye Ŝeŝ Tehran County 6 7001214009999900000 ♠ 21.4 km2 217,127 7004101461000000000 ♠ 10,146.1 / km2 District 7 منطقه ۷ -- Mantaqe ye Haft Tehran County 5 7001154000000000000 ♠ 15.4 km2 309,745 7004201133000000000 ♠ 20,113.3 / km2 District 8 منطقه ۸ -- Mantaqe ye Haŝt Tehran County 7001134000000000000 ♠ 13.4 km2 378,725 7004282631000000000 ♠ 28,263.1 / km2 District 9 منطقه ۹ -- Mantaqe ye Noh Tehran County 7001196000000000000 ♠ 19.6 km2 170,000 7003867350000000000 ♠ 8,673.5 / km2 District 10 منطقه ۱۰ -- Mantaqe ye Dah Tehran County 7000820009999999999 ♠ 8.2 km2 320,000 7004390244000000000 ♠ 39,024.4 / km2 District 11 منطقه ۱۱ -- Mantaqe ye Yāzdah Tehran County 7001126000000000000 ♠ 12.6 km2 280,000 7004222222000000000 ♠ 22,222.2 / km2 District 12 منطقه ۱۲ -- Mantaqe ye Davāzdah Tehran County 6 7001169009999900000 ♠ 16.9 km2 365,000 7004215976000000000 ♠ 21,597.6 / km2 District 13 منطقه ۱۳ -- Mantaqe ye Sizdah Tehran County 7001128000000000000 ♠ 12.8 km2 275,727 7004215412000000000 ♠ 21,541.2 / km2 District 14 منطقه ۱۴ -- Mantaqe ye Ĉahārdah Tehran County 6 7001243000000000000 ♠ 24.3 km2 483,432 7004198943000000000 ♠ 19,894.3 / km2 District 15 منطقه ۱۵ -- Mantaqe ye Pānzdah Tehran County 6 7001354000000000000 ♠ 35.4 km2 694,678 7004196237000000000 ♠ 19,623.7 / km2 District 16 منطقه ۱۶ -- Mantaqe ye Ŝānzdah Tehran County 6 7001181000000000000 ♠ 18.1 km2 332,000 7004183425000000000 ♠ 18,342.5 / km2 District 17 منطقه ۱۷ -- Mantaqe ye Hefdah Tehran County 7000820009999999999 ♠ 8.2 km2 256,022 7004312222000000000 ♠ 31,222.2 / km2 District 18 منطقه ۱۸ -- Mantaqe ye Heĵdah Tehran County 5 7001375000000000000 ♠ 37.5 km2 317,110 7003845670000000000 ♠ 8,456.7 / km2 District 19 منطقه ۱۹ -- Mantaqe ye Nuzdah Tehran County 7001203000000000000 ♠ 20.3 km2 249,786 7004123049000000000 ♠ 12,304.9 / km2 District 20 منطقه ۲۰ -- Mantaqe ye Bist Ray County 5 7001230000000000000 ♠ 23.0 km2 378,445 7004164540999900000 ♠ 16,454.1 / km2 District 21 منطقه ۲۱ -- Mantaqe ye Bist - o - Yek Tehran County 7001516000000000000 ♠ 51.6 km2 157,939 7003306080000000000 ♠ 3,060.8 / km2 District 22 منطقه ۲۲ -- Mantaqe ye Bist - o - Dow Tehran County 7001540000000000000 ♠ 54.0 km2 138,970 7003257350000000000 ♠ 2,573.5 / km2 Tehran and Tochal in the winter of 2006 Ekhtiarie, northern Tehran Hormozan Street, Qarb Town Bucharest Street in Tehran 's Abbas Abad Valiasr Street, near Saei Park, in central Tehran Northern Tehran is the wealthiest part of the city, consisting of various districts such as Zaferanie, Jordan, Elahie, Pasdaran, Kamranie, Ajodanie, Farmanie, Darrous, Qeytarie, and Qarb Town. While the center of the city houses government ministries and headquarters, commercial centers are more located towards further north. Climate Urban sustainability analysis of the metropolitan area of Tehran, using the ' Circles of Sustainability ' method of the UN Global Compact Cities Programme Tehran features a cold semi-arid climate ( Köppen climate classification : BSk ) with continental climate characteristics and a Mediterranean climate precipitation pattern. Tehran 's climate is largely defined by its geographic location, with the towering Alborz mountains to its north and the country 's central desert to the south. It can be generally described as mild in spring and autumn, hot and dry in summer, and cold and wet in winter. Mellat Park in autumn Because the city is large with significant differences in elevation among various districts, the weather is often cooler in the hilly north than in the flat southern part of Tehran. For instance, the 17.3 km ( 10.7 mi ) Valiasr Street runs from Tehran 's railway station at 1,117 m ( 3,665 ft ) elevation above sea level in the south of the city to Tajrish Square at 1712.6 m ( 5612.3 ft ) elevation above sea level in the north. However, the elevation can even rise up to 2,000 m ( 6,600 ft ) at the end of Velenjak in northern Tehran. Summer is long, hot, and dry with little rain, but relative humidity is generally low, making the heat tolerable. Average high temperatures are between 32 and 37 ° C ( 90 and 99 ° F ), and it can drop to 14 ° C in the mountainous north of the city at night. Most of the light annual precipitation occurs from late autumn to mid-spring, but no one month is particularly wet. The hottest month is July, with a mean minimum temperature of 26 ° C ( 79 ° F ) and a mean maximum temperature of 34 ° C ( 93 ° F ), and the coldest is January, with a mean minimum temperature of − 5 ° C ( 23 ° F ) and a mean maximum temperature of 1 ° C ( 34 ° F ). The weather of Tehran can sometimes be unpredictably harsh. The record high temperature is 43 ° C ( 109 ° F ) and the record low is − 20 ° C ( − 4 ° F ). On January 5 and 6, 2008, a wave of heavy snow and low temperatures covered the city in a thick layer of snow and ice, forcing the Council of Ministers to officially declare a state of emergency and close down the capital on January 6 and 7. Tehran has seen an increase in relative humidity and annual precipitation since the beginning of the 21st century. This is most likely because of the afforestation projects, which also include expanding parks and lakes. The northern parts of Tehran are still more lush than the southern parts. Climate data for Tehran - Shomal ( north of Tehran ), Altitude : 1548.2 M from : 1988 -- 2005 Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year Record high ° C ( ° F ) 16.4 ( 61.5 ) 19.0 ( 66.2 ) 23.8 ( 74.8 ) 33.6 ( 92.5 ) 33.6 ( 92.5 ) 37.8 ( 100 ) 39.8 ( 103.6 ) 39.4 ( 102.9 ) 35.6 ( 96.1 ) 31.2 ( 88.2 ) 23.0 ( 73.4 ) 19.0 ( 66.2 ) 39.8 ( 103.6 ) Average high ° C ( ° F ) 6.1 ( 43 ) 8.1 ( 46.6 ) 12.9 ( 55.2 ) 19.8 ( 67.6 ) 25.0 ( 77 ) 31.2 ( 88.2 ) 33.9 ( 93 ) 33.5 ( 92.3 ) 29.3 ( 84.7 ) 22.4 ( 72.3 ) 14.3 ( 57.7 ) 8.6 ( 47.5 ) 20.43 ( 68.76 ) Average low ° C ( ° F ) − 1.5 ( 29.3 ) − 0.2 ( 31.6 ) 4.0 ( 39.2 ) 9.8 ( 49.6 ) 14 ( 57 ) 19.6 ( 67.3 ) 22.6 ( 72.7 ) 21.9 ( 71.4 ) 17.5 ( 63.5 ) 11.6 ( 52.9 ) 5.4 ( 41.7 ) 1.0 ( 33.8 ) 10.48 ( 50.83 ) Record low ° C ( ° F ) − 11.4 ( 11.5 ) − 11.0 ( 12.2 ) − 8.0 ( 17.6 ) − 1.6 ( 29.1 ) 3.0 ( 37.4 ) 12.0 ( 53.6 ) 15.4 ( 59.7 ) 13.5 ( 56.3 ) 8.8 ( 47.8 ) 2.6 ( 36.7 ) − 5.2 ( 22.6 ) − 9.6 ( 14.7 ) − 11.4 ( 11.5 ) Average precipitation mm ( inches ) 63.1 ( 2.484 ) 66.5 ( 2.618 ) 83.3 ( 3.28 ) 50.1 ( 1.972 ) 27.1 ( 1.067 ) 4.0 ( 0.157 ) 4.2 ( 0.165 ) 3.2 ( 0.126 ) 3.4 ( 0.134 ) 16.5 ( 0.65 ) 41.3 ( 1.626 ) 66.3 ( 2.61 ) 429 ( 16.889 ) Average rainy days 12.3 10.9 12.3 10.0 8.9 3.3 3.4 1.6 1.3 5.8 8.6 10.7 89.1 Average snowy days 8.9 6.6 2.5 0.1 0.1 0 0 0 0 0 0.6 4.9 23.7 Average relative humidity ( % ) 67 59 53 44 39 30 31 31 33 44 57 66 46.2 Mean monthly sunshine hours 137.2 151.1 186.0 219.1 279.8 328.7 336.6 336.8 300.5 246.8 169.4 134.1 2,826.1 Source : In February 2005, heavy snow covered all of the parts of the city. Snow depth was 15 cm ( 6 in ) in the southern part of the city and 100 cm ( 39 in ) in the northern part of city. A newspaper said it had been the worst weather for 34 years. 10,000 bulldozers and 13,000 municipal workers deployed to keep the main roads open. On February 3, 2014, Tehran reached a heavy snowfall, specifically in the northern parts of the city, with a height of 2 meters. Within one week successive snowfall, roads were made impassable in some areas along with a temperature variety of − 8 ° C to − 16 ° C. On June 3, 2014, a severe thunderstorm with powerful microbursts created a haboob that engulfed the city in sand and dust. Five people were killed and more than 57 injured. This disaster also knocked numerous trees and power lines down. It struck between 5 and 6 pm, plumping temperatures from 33 ° C to 19 ° C in just an hour. The dramatic temperature drop was accompanied by wind gusts reaching nearly 118 km / h. Environmental issues See also : Environmental issues in Tehran, Environmental issues in Iran, and List of earthquakes in Iran Air pollution in Tehran A plan to move the capital has been discussed many times in prior years, due mainly to the environmental issues of the region. Tehran is rated as one of the world 's most polluted cities, and is also located near two major fault lines. The city suffers from severe air pollution. 80 % of the city 's pollution is due to cars. The remaining 20 % is due to industrial pollution. Other estimates suggest that motorcycles alone account for 30 % of air and 50 % of noise pollution in Tehran. In 2010, the government announced that `` for security and administrative reasons, the plan to move the capital from Tehran has been finalized. '' There are plans to relocate 163 state firms and several universities from Tehran to avoid damages from a potential earthquake. The officials are engaged in a battle to reduce air pollution. It has, for instance, encouraged taxis and buses to convert from petrol engines to engines that run on compressed natural gas. Furthermore, the government has set up a `` Traffic Zone '' covering the city center during peak traffic hours. Entering and driving inside this zone is only allowed with a special permit. There have also been plans to raise people 's awareness about the hazards of the pollution. One method that is currently being employed is the installation of Pollution Indicator Boards all around the city to monitor the current level of particulate matter ( PM10 ), nitrogen dioxide ( NO ), ozone ( O ), sulfur dioxide ( SO ), and carbon monoxide ( CO ). Demographics See also : Demographics of Tehran Further information : Ethnicities in Iran Population of Tehran Tehran in 1985 and 2009 The city of Tehran had a population of approximately 7.8 million in 2006. With its cosmopolitan atmosphere, Tehran is home to diverse ethnic and linguistic groups from all over the country. The present - day dominant language of Tehran is the Tehrani variety of the Persian language, and the majority of people in Tehran identify themselves as Persians. However, before, the native language of the Tehran -- Ray region was not Persian, which is linguistically Southwest Iranian and originates in Fars, but a now extinct Northwestern Iranian language. Iranian Azeris form the second - largest ethnic group of the city, comprising about 25 % to 1 / 3 of the total population, while ethnic Mazanderanis are the third - largest, comprising about 16 % of the total population. Tehran 's other ethnic communities include Kurds, Armenians, Georgians, Bakhtyaris, Talysh, Baloch, Assyrians, Arabs, Jews, and Circassians. According to a 2010 census conducted by the Sociology Department of the University of Tehran, in many districts of Tehran across various socio - economic classes in proportion to population sizes of each district and socio - economic class, 63 % of the people were born in Tehran, 98 % knew Persian, 75 % identified themselves as ethnic Persian, and 13 % had some degree of proficiency in a European language. Tehran saw a drastic change in its ethno - social composition in the early 1980s. After the political, social, and economic consequences of the 1979 Revolution and the years that followed, a number of Iranian citizens, mostly Tehranis, left Iran. The majority of Iranian emigrations have left for the United States, France, Germany, Sweden, and Canada. With the start of the Iran -- Iraq War ( 1980 -- 1988 ), a second wave of inhabitants fled the city, especially during the Iraqi air offensives on the capital. With most major powers backing Iraq at the time, economic isolation gave yet more reason for many inhabitants to leave the city ( and the country ). Having left all they had and having struggled to adapt to a new country and build a life, most of them never came back when the war was over. During the war, Tehran also received a great number of migrants from the west and the southwest of the country bordering Iraq. The unstable situation and the war in neighboring Afghanistan and Iraq prompted a rush of refugees into the country who arrived in their millions, with Tehran being a magnet for many seeking work, who subsequently helped the city to recover from war wounds, working for far less pay than local construction workers. Many of these refugees are being repatriated with the assistance of the UNHCR, but there are still sizable groups of Afghan and Iraqi refugees in Tehran who are reluctant to leave, being pessimistic about the situation in their own countries. Afghan refugees are mostly Dari - speaking Tajik and Hazara, speaking a variety of Persian, and Iraqi refugees are mainly Mesopotamian Arabic - speakers who are often of Iranian heritage. Religion See also : List of religious centers in Tehran and Religion in Iran The majority of Tehranis are officially Twelver Shia Muslims, which has also been the state religion since the 16th - century Safavid conversion. Other religious communities in the city include followers of the Sunni and Mystic branches of Islam, various Christian denominations, Judaism, Zoroastrianism, and the Bahá'í Faith. There are many religious centers scattered around the city, from old to newly - built centers, including mosques, churches, synagogues, and Zoroastrian fire temples. The city has also a very small third - generation Indian Sikh community that has a local gurdwara that was visited by the Indian Prime Minister in 2012. Hoseynie Ershad, Tehran Tehran 's Greek Orthodox Church of Virgin Mary Saint Mary Armenian Apostolic Church, Tehran Tehran 's Yusef Abad Synagogue Adrian Temple, Tehran Economy See also : Economy of Iran, Industry of Iran, and Communications in Iran Central Bank of Iran Tehran is the economic center of Iran. About 30 % of Iran 's public - sector workforce and 45 % of its large industrial firms are located in the city, and almost half of these workers are employed by the government. Most of the remainder of workers are factory workers, shopkeepers, laborers, and transport workers. Few foreign companies operate in Tehran, due to the government 's complex international relations. But prior to the 1979 Revolution, many foreign companies were active in Iran. Tehran 's present - day modern industries include the manufacturing of automobiles, electronics and electrical equipment, weaponry, textiles, sugar, cement, and chemical products. It is also a leading center for the sale of carpets and furniture. The oil refining companies of Pars Oil, Speedy, and Behran are based in Tehran. Tehran relies heavily on private cars, buses, motorcycles, and taxis, and is one of the most car - dependent cities in the world. The Tehran Stock Exchange, which is a full member of the World Federation of Exchanges ( WFE ) and a founding member of the Federation of Euro - Asian Stock Exchanges, has been one of the world 's best performing stock exchanges in recent years. Shopping See also : List of shopping malls in Iran Tehran has a wide range of shopping centers, and is home to over 60 modern shopping malls. The city has a number of commercial districts, including those located at Valiasr, Davudie, and Zaferanie. The largest old bazaars of Tehran are the Grand Bazaar and the Bazaar of Tajrish. Most of the international branded stores and upper - class shops are located in the northern and western parts of the city. Tehran 's retail business is growing with several newly - built malls and shopping centers. Hyperstar, Tehran 's subsidiary of French retailer Carrefour Tirazhe Mall in western Tehran Tandis Mall in Tajrish Tehran 's Old Grand Bazaar Celebrating Nowruz at Tehran 's Palladium Mall Tourism See also : Tourism in Iran Tehran, as one of the main tourist destinations in Iran, has a wealth of cultural attractions. It is home to royal complexes of Golestan, Saadabad and Niavaran, which were built under the reign of the country 's last two monarchies. There are several historic, artistic and scientific museums in Tehran, including the National Museum, the Malek Museum, the Cinema Museum at Ferdows Garden, the Abgineh Museum, Museum of the Qasr Prison, the Carpet Museum, the Reverse Glass Painting Museum ( vitray art ), and the Safir Office Machines Museum. There is also the Museum of Contemporary Art, which hosts works of famous artists such as Van Gogh, Pablo Picasso, and Andy Warhol. The Iranian Imperial Crown Jewels, one of the largest jewel collections in the world, are also on display at Tehran 's National Jewelry Museum. A number of cultural and trade exhibitions take place in Tehran, which are mainly operated by the country 's International Exhibitions Company. Tehran 's annual International Book Fair is known to the international publishing world as one of the most important publishing events in Asia. Milad Tower Tabiat Bridge Golestan Palace Niavaran Complex Sa'dabad Complex Masoudie, Baharestan. National Museum of Iran Museum of Contemporary Art Carpet Museum of Iran Museum of the Qasr Prison Abgineh Museum Infrastructure Transport See also : Transport in Iran Highways and streets See also : List of Expressways in Tehran The metropolis of Tehran is equipped with a large network of highways and interchanges. Valiasr Street Hemmat Expressway Modarres Expressway Kordestan Expressway interchange with Resalat and Hakim expressways A number of streets in Tehran are named after international figures, including : Henri Corbin Street, central Tehran Simon Bolivar Boulevard, northwestern Tehran Edward Browne Street, near the University of Tehran Gandhi Street, northern Tehran Mohammad Ali Jenah Expressway, western Tehran Iqbal Lahori Street, eastern Tehran Patrice Lumumba Street, western Tehran Nelson Mandela Boulevard, northern Tehran Bobby Sands Street, western side of the British Embassy Cars See also : Automotive industry in Iran According to the head of Tehran Municipality 's Environment and Sustainable Development Office, Tehran was designed to have a capacity of about 700,000 cars, but currently more than five million cars are on the roads. The automation industry has recently developed, but international sanctions influence the production processes periodically. Traffic light in Tehran Traffic in Modares Expressway Tehran 's hybrid taxi Tehran 's former Mayor, Mohammad Bagher Ghalibaf, driving a taxi Buses See also : Trolleybuses in Tehran and Tehran Bus Rapid Transit Tehran 's bus rapid transit at the Azadi Terminal Buses have served the city since the 1920s. Tehran 's transport system includes conventional buses, trolleybuses, and bus rapid transit ( BRT ). The city 's four major bus stations include the South Terminal, the East Terminal, the West Terminal, and the northcentral Beyhaghi Terminal. The trolleybus system was opened in 1992, using a fleet of 65 articulated trolleybuses built by Czechia 's Škoda. This was the first trolleybus system in Iran. In 2005, trolleybuses were operating on five routes, all starting at Imam Hossein Square. Two routes running northeastwards operate almost entirely in a segregated busway located in the middle of the wide carriageway along Damavand Street, stopping only at purpose - built stops located about every 500 metres along the routes, effectively making these routes trolleybus - BRT ( but they are not called such ). The other three trolleybus routes run south and operate in mixed - traffic. Both route sections are served by limited - stop services and local ( making all stops ) services. A 3.2 - kilometer extension from Shoosh Square to Rah Ahan Square was opened in March 2010. Tehran 's bus rapid transit ( BRT ) was officially inaugurated in 2008. It has three lines with 60 stations in different areas of the city. As of 2011, the BRT system had a network of 100 kilometres ( 62 miles ), transporting 1.8 million passengers on a daily basis. The city has also developed a bicycle sharing system that includes 12 hubs in one of Tehran 's districts. Railway and subway See also : Iranian Railways and Tehran Metro Tehran has a central railway station that connects services round the clock to various cities in the country, along with a Tehran -- Europe train line also running. The feasibility study and conceptual planning of the construction of Tehran 's subway system were started in the 1970s. The first two of the eight projected metro lines were opened in 2001. Tehran 's railway station Inside one of Tehran 's subway stations Stairway of Tehran 's Khomeini metro station Interior of one of Tehran 's subway trains Karaj Metro Station Airport See also : Airlines of Iran Tehran is served by the international airports of Mehrabad and Khomeini. Mehrabad Airport, an old airport in western Tehran that doubles as a military base, is mainly used for domestic and charter flights. Khomeini Airport, located 50 kilometres ( 31 miles ) south of the city, handles the main international flights. Parked airliners at the Mehrabad Airport Entrance of the Khomeini Airport Inside the Khomeini Airport Undergoing maintenance at the Mehrabad Airport Airbus A350 demonstration at the Mehrabad Airport Parks and Green Spaces See also : List of Tehran metropolis parks Jamshidie Park, Niavaran There are over 2,100 parks within the metropolis of Tehran, with one of the oldest being Jamshidie Park, which was first established as a private garden for Qajar prince Jamshid Davallu, and was then dedicated to the last empress of Iran, Farah Pahlavi. The total green space within Tehran stretches over 12,600 hectares, covering over 20 percent of the city 's area. The Parks and Green Spaces Organization of Tehran was established in 1960, and is responsible for the protection of the urban nature present in the city. Tehran 's Birds Garden is the largest bird park of Iran. There is also a zoo located on the Tehran -- Karaj Expressway, housing over 290 species within an area of about five hectares. There are four parks in Tehran established exclusively for women, totaling about 80 hectares in area, in which the female mandatory dress codes are not required. Education See also : Education in Iran, List of colleges and universities in Tehran, and Science in Iran Hematology - Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation Research Center ( HORCSCT ) Tehran is the largest and the most important educational center of Iran. There are a total of nearly 50 major colleges and universities in Greater Tehran. The University of Tehran is the oldest modern university of Iran. Since the establishment of Dar ol Fonun by the order of Amir Kabir in the mid-19th century, Tehran has amassed a large number of institutions of higher education. Some of these institutions have played crucial roles in the unfolding of Iranian political events. Samuel M. Jordan, whom Jordan Avenue in Tehran was named after, was one of the founding pioneers of the American College of Tehran, which was one of the first modern high schools in the Middle East. Among major educational institutions located in Tehran, Sharif University of Technology, University of Tehran, and Tehran University of Medical Sciences are the most prestigious. Other major universities located in Tehran include Allameh Tabatabaei University, Amirkabir University of Technology ( Tehran Polytechnic ), K.N. Toosi University of Technology, Shahid Beheshti University ( Melli University ), Kharazmi University, Iran University of Science and Technology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, International Institute of Earthquake Engineering and Seismology, Iran 's Polymer and Petrochemical Institute, Shahed University, and Tarbiat Modarres University. Tehran is also home to Iran 's largest military academy, and several religious schools and seminaries. Culture Architecture See also : Architecture of Tehran The oldest surviving architectural monuments of Tehran are from the Qajar and Pahlavi eras. Although, considering the area of Greater Tehran, monuments dating back to the Seljuk era remain as well ; notably the Toqrol Tower in Ray. There are also remains of Rashkan Castle, dating back to the ancient Parthian Empire, of which some artifacts are housed at the National Museum ; and the Bahram fire temple, which remains since the Sassanian Empire. Tehran only had a small population until the late 18th century, but began to take a more considerable role in Iranian society after it was chosen as the capital city. Despite the regular occurrence of earthquakes during the Qajar period and after, some historic buildings have remained from that era. Tehran is Iran 's primate city, and is considered to have the most modernized infrastructure in the country. However, the gentrification of old neighborhoods and the demolition of buildings of cultural significance has caused concerns. Hasanabad Square A view of the building of the City Theater of Tehran The Courthouse of Tehran Police House, the National Garden Cossack House, the National Garden Qeytarie in February 2010 Previously a low - rise city due to seismic activity in the region, modern high rise developments in Tehran have been built in recent decades in order to service its growing population. There have been no major quakes in Tehran since 1830. Tehran 's International Tower is the tallest residential building in Iran. It is a 54 - story building located in the northern district of Yusef Abad. The Azadi Tower, a memorial built under the reign of the Pahlavi dynasty, has long been the most famous symbol of Tehran. Originally constructed in commemoration of the 2,500 th year of the foundation of the Imperial State of Iran, it combines elements of the architecture of the Achaemenid and Sassanid eras with post-classical Iranian architecture. The Milad Tower, which is the sixth tallest tower and the 24th - tallest freestanding structure in the world, is the city 's other famous landmark tower. Leila Araghian 's Tabiat Bridge, the largest pedestrian overpass in Tehran, was completed in 2014 and is also considered a landmark. Theater The Roudaki Hall, Tehran Under the reign of the Qajars, Tehran was home to the royal theater of Tekye Dowlat, located to the southeast of the Golestan Palace, in which traditional and religious performances were observed. It was eventually destroyed and replaced with a bank building in 1947, following the reforms under the reign of Reza Shah. Before the 1979 Revolution, the Iranian national stage had become the most famous performing scene for known international artists and troupes in the Middle East, with the Roudaki Hall of Tehran constructed to function as the national stage for opera and ballet. The hall was inaugurated in October 1967, named after prominent Persian poet Rudaki. It is home to the Tehran Symphony Orchestra, the Tehran Opera Orchestra, and the Iranian National Ballet Company. The City Theater of Tehran, one of Iran 's biggest theater complexes which contains several performance halls, was opened in 1972. It was built at the initiative and presidency of empress Farah Pahlavi, and was designed by architect Ali Sardar Afkhami, constructed within five years. The annual events of Fajr Theater Festival and Tehran Puppet Theater Festival take place in Tehran. Cinema The first movie theater of Tehran was established by Mirza Ebrahim Khan in 1904. Until the early 1930s, there were 15 theaters in Tehran Province and 11 in other provinces. In present - day Tehran, most of the movie theaters are located downtown. The complexes of Mellat Gallery and Cineplex, Azadi Cinema, and Cinema Farhang are among the most popular cinema complexes in Tehran. Several film festivals are held in Tehran, including Ammar Popular Film Festival, Children and Youth Film Festival, Fajr Film Festival, House of Cinema Festival, Mobile Film and Photo Festival, Nahal Festival, Roshd Film Festival, Tehran Animation Festival, Tehran Short Film Festival, and Urban Film Festival. Sports See also : Sport in Iran Football and volleyball are the city 's most popular sports, while wrestling, basketball, and futsal are also major parts of the city 's sporting culture. Skiers at the resort of Dizin 12 ski resorts operate in Iran, the most famous being Tochal, Dizin, and Shemshak, all within one to three hours from the city of Tehran. Tochal 's resort is the world 's fifth highest ski resort at over 3,730 meters ( 12,240 feet ) above sea level at its highest point. It is also the world 's nearest ski resort to a capital city. The resort was opened in 1976, shortly before the 1979 Revolution. It is equipped with a 8 - kilometre - long ( 5 mi ) gondola lift that covers a huge vertical distance. There are two parallel chair ski lifts in Tochal that reach 3,900 meters ( 12,800 feet ) high near Tochal 's peak ( at 4,000 m / 13,000 ft ), rising higher than the gondola 's 7th station, which is higher than any of the European ski resorts. From the Tochal peak, one has a spectacular view of the Alborz range, including the 5,610 - metre - high ( 18,406 ft ) Mount Damavand, a dormant volcano. Panoramic view of the Azadi Stadium, the largest football stadium in West Asia Tehran is the site of the national stadium of Azadi, the biggest stadium by capacity in West Asia, where many of the top matches of Iran 's Premier League are held. The stadium is a part of the Azadi Sport Complex, which was originally built to host the 7th Asian Games in September 1974. This was the first time the Asian Games were hosted in West Asia. Tehran played host to 3,010 athletes from 25 countries / NOCs, which was at the time the highest number of participants since the inception of the Games. That followed hosting the 6th AFC Asian Cup in June 1976, and then the first West Asian Games in November 1997. The success of the games led to the creation of the West Asian Games Federation ( WAGF ), and the intention of hosting the games every two years. The city had also hosted the final of the 1968 AFC Asian Cup. Several FIVB Volleyball World League courses have also been hosted in Tehran. Football clubs The first football club of Tehran, named Iran Club, was founded in 1920 and dissolved within two years in 1923. Today, Tehran 's oldest existing football club is Rah Ahan, which was founded in 1937. Persepolis and Esteghlal, which are the city 's biggest clubs and two of the biggest clubs in Asia, compete in the Tehran derby. Tehran is also home to the football club of Ararat, a popular Armenian football team based at the Ararat Stadium. The following table lists Tehran 's five major football clubs. Club Sport Founded League Rah Ahan F.C. Association football 1937 Azadegan League ( AZL ) Ararat F.C. Association football 1944 Tehran Province League Esteghlal F.C. Association football 1945 Iran Pro League ( IPL ) Naft F.C. Association football 1950 Iran Pro League ( IPL ) Persepolis F.C. Association football 1963 Iran Pro League ( IPL ) Paykan F.C. Association football 1967 Iran Pro League ( IPL ) Smaller clubs based in Tehran are listed below. Club Sport League Baadraan F.C. Association football Azadegan League Parseh F.C. Association football Azadegan League Niroo Zamini F.C. Association football 2nd Division Kaveh F.C. Association football 2nd Division Moghavemat F.C. Association football 2nd Division Oghab F.C. Association football 3rd Division Entezam F.C. Association football 3rd Division Naftoon F.C. Association football 3rd Division Food See also : Iranian cuisine There are many restaurants and cafes in Tehran, both modern and classic, serving both Iranian and cosmopolitan cuisine. Pizzerias, sandwich bars, and kebab shops make up the majority of food shops in Tehran. A restaurant in Darband A pizzeria in Kamyab Street, Tehran A Japanese restaurant in Tehran Shemroon Cafe, in Tehran 's Iranian Art Museum Graffiti Main article : Graffiti in Tehran A scene from the 2016 documentary film Writing on the City, showing graffiti in Tehran 's Sa'adat Abad Many styles of graffiti are seen in Tehran. Some are mainly political and revolutionary slogans painted by governmental organizations, and some are works of art by ordinary citizens, representing their views on both social and political issues. However, unsanctioned street art is forbidden in Iran, and such works are usually short - lived. During the 2009 Iranian presidential election protests, many graffiti works were created by people supporting the Green Movement. They were removed from the walls by the paramilitary Basij forces. In recent years, Tehran Municipality has been using graffiti in order to beautify the city. Several graffiti festivals have also taken place in Tehran, including the one organized by the Tehran University of Art in October 2014. Twin towns and partner cities This section needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. ( July 2015 ) Tehran is twinned with : Country City State / Province / Region / Governorate Date South Korea Seoul Seoul National Capital Area 1963 United States Los Angeles California 1972 United Kingdom London Greater London Cuba Havana La Habana Province 2001 Venezuela Caracas Venezuelan Capital District 2001 South Africa Pretoria Gauteng 2002 Russia Moscow Central Federal District China Beijing Beijing Municipality 2006 Tajikistan Dushanbe 2006 Belarus Minsk Minsk Region 2006 Turkey Ankara Central Anatolia 2013 Georgia Tbilisi Tbilisi 2015 Hungary Budapest Central Hungary 2015 Bosnia and Herzegovina Sarajevo Sarajevo Canton 2016 Tehran has also signed Mutual Cooperation and Understanding with a number of cities, including Baghdad, Kabul, London, Milan, New York City, and Saint Petersburg. 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Archived from the original on September 28, 2013. Retrieved 2013 - 10 - 14. Jump up ^ `` Tehran, Havana named sister cities ''. Payvand.com. 2006 - 11 - 22. Retrieved 2011 - 03 - 15. Jump up ^ `` Ettela 't International '' ( PDF ). Retrieved 29 October 2015. Jump up ^ `` Gulf Region ''. Dfa.gov.za. Retrieved 2012 - 05 - 21. Jump up ^ `` Тверская 13 '' 4.12. 04. el.mos.ru ( in Russian ) Jump up ^ Goldkorn, Jeremy. `` Tehran - Beijing direct flights ? ''. Danwei.org. Retrieved 2012 - 05 - 21. Jump up ^ `` Documents aimed at expansion of relations between Belarus and Iran signed in Tehran ''. Retrieved 29 October 2015. Jump up ^ `` Minsk City Executive Committee ''. Retrieved 29 October 2015. Jump up ^ `` Tehran, Ankara to Sign Sister City Agreement Today ''. FarsNews. Retrieved 2013 - 12 - 18. Jump up ^ The Capitals of Georgia and Iran to become twin cities 22 May 2015 Jump up ^ All Tehran 's sister cities. Jump up ^ Sarajevo mayor 's Tehran visit to give impetus to city diplomacy 30 October 2016 Bibliography See also : Bibliography of the history of Tehran External links Wikimedia Commons has media related to Tehran. Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Tehran. Google Map : Tehran Tehran Municipality website Tehran Geographic Information Center Tehran Traffic Control Center Official Tehran Yellow pages ( Ketabe Avval ) Tehranimages. A photographic project focusing on neglected pieces of architecture in downtown Tehran, Iran. Videos Tehran 's detailed development plan PressTV ( 2012 ) Tehran today -- Part I Part II Part III PressTV ( 2010 ) Modernized Iranian architecture in Tehran Press TV ( 2010 ) Tehran 's hazardous air quality PressTV ( 2010 ) Preceded by Shiraz Capital of Iran ( Persia ) 1795 -- current Incumbent Articles Related to Tehran Tehran Buildings Culture Demographics Economy Education Geography Government History Timeline Media Museums Neighborhoods Parks People Religion Sports Tourism Transportation Commons Iran Portal Geographic locale Lat. and Long. 35 ° 41 ′ 46 '' N 51 ° 25 ′ 23 '' E ﻿ / ﻿ 35.69611 ° N 51.42306 ° E ﻿ / 35.69611 ; 51.42306 Capitals of Asia Dependent territories and states with limited recognition are in italics North and Central Asia South Asia Southeast Asia West and Southwest Asia Ashgabat, Turkmenistan Astana, Kazakhstan * Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan Dushanbe, Tajikistan Moscow, Russia * Tashkent, Uzbekistan East Asia Beijing, China Hong Kong, Hong Kong ( China ) Macau, Macau ( China ) Pyongyang, North Korea Seoul, South Korea Taipei, Taiwan ( ROC ) Tokyo, Japan Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia Kabul, Afghanistan Dhaka, Bangladesh Diego Garcia, BIOT ( UK ) Islamabad, Pakistan Kathmandu, Nepal Kotte, Sri Lanka Malé, Maldives New Delhi, India Thimphu, Bhutan Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei Bangkok, Thailand Dili, East Timor Flying Fish Cove, Christmas Island ( Australia ) Hanoi, Vietnam Jakarta, Indonesia * Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Manila, Philippines Naypyidaw, Myanmar Phnom Penh, Cambodia Central Area, Singapore Vientiane, Laos West Island, Cocos ( Keeling ) Islands ( Australia ) Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates Amman, Jordan Ankara, Turkey * Baghdad, Iraq Baku, Azerbaijan * Beirut, Lebanon Cairo, Egypt * Jerusalem, Israel Sana'a, Yemen Stepanakert, Nagorno - Karabakh * Sukhumi, Abkhazia * Tbilisi, Georgia * Tehran, Iran Tskhinvali, South Ossetia * Yerevan, Armenia * * Transcontinental country. † See : Positions on Jerusalem. Both Israel and Palestinians claim Jerusalem as capital. Jerusalem contains the Israeli parliament and almost all Israeli government ministries. Tel Aviv contains most foreign embassies in Israel ; Ramallah is the administrative seat of the Palestinian Authority. Tehran Province Capital Tehran Counties and cities Baharestan County Nasim Shahr Golestan Salehieh Damavand County Damavand Abali Absard Kilan Rudehen Eslamshahr County Ahmadabad - e Mostowfi Eslamshahr Chahardangeh Firuzkuh County Firuzkuh Arjomand Malard County Malard Safadasht Pakdasht County Pakdasht Sharifabad Pardis County Pardis Bumehen Pishva County Pishva Qarchak County Qarchak Qods County Qods Rey County Rey Baqershahr Hasanabad Kahrizak Robat Karim County Robat Karim Parand Nasirabad Shahriar County Shahriar Andisheh Baghestan Ferdowsieh Sabashahr Shahedshahr Vahidieh Shemiranat County Shemiran Fasham Lavasan Tajrish Tehran County Tehran Varamin County Varamin Javadabad Landmarks Azadi Tower Bahman Cultural Center Tabiat Bridge Carpet Museum of Iran Dizin Ebn - e Babooyeh Golestan Palace Grand Bazaar, Tehran Iranian Crown Jewels Malik National Museum of Iran Milad Tower National Museum of Iran Niavaran Complex Pearl Palace Sa'dabad Palace Shebeli Tower Shemshak ( ski resort ) Bibi Shahr Banu Shrine Tangeh Savashi Tehran Museum of Contemporary Art Toopkhaneh Tughrul Tower Reza Abbasi Museum Populated places List of cities, towns and villages in Tehran Province ^ * indicates that this formerly independent city is now absorbed into Tehran. Tehran County Capital Tehran Districts Central Cities Tehran Rural Districts and villages Siyahrud Ashtargarden Darazminak Hajarabad Hameh Sin Sanjarian Tellow - e Bala Tellow - e Pain Yurd - e Shad Aftab Cities none Rural Districts and villages Aftab Aftab Hasanabad - e Baqeraf Jafarabad - e Baqeraf Karimabad Nematabad - e Ghar Qaleh Now - e Hajji Musa Rashidabad Salehabad - e Seyyedabad Shahrak - e Resalat Khalazir Abbasabad - e Rostamabad Dinarabad Jafarabad - e Jangal Jahanabad Kashanak Khalazir Marjanabad Moradabad Morteza Gerd Palain Rahimabad Shokrabad Valiabad Kan Cities none Rural Districts and villages Sulqan Emamzadeh Aqil Emamzadeh Davud Keshar - e Olya Keshar - e Sofla Kigah Randan Sangan Sinai and Gulf Corner Centre Talun Vardij Varish World 's fifty most - populous urban areas Tokyo -- Yokohama ( Keihin ) Jakarta ( Jabodetabek ) Delhi Manila ( Metro Manila ) Seoul -- Incheon ( Sudogwon ) Shanghai Karachi Beijing New York City Guangzhou -- Foshan ( Guangfo ) São Paulo Mexico City ( Valley of Mexico ) Mumbai Osaka -- Kobe -- Kyoto ( Keihanshin ) Moscow Dhaka Greater Cairo Los Angeles Bangkok Kolkata Greater Buenos Aires Tehran Istanbul Lagos Shenzhen Rio de Janeiro Kinshasa Tianjin Paris Lima Chengdu Greater London Nagoya ( Chūkyō ) Lahore Chennai Bengaluru Chicago Bogotá Ho Chi Minh City Hyderabad Dongguan Johannesburg -- East Rand Wuhan Taipei - Taoyuan Hangzhou Hong Kong Chongqing Ahmedabad Kuala Lumpur ( Klang Valley ) Quanzhou Host cities of Asian Games Summer 1951 : Delhi 1954 : Manila 1958 : Tokyo 1962 : Jakarta 1966 : Bangkok 1970 : Bangkok 1974 : Tehran 1978 : Bangkok 1982 : Delhi 1986 : Seoul 1990 : Beijing 1994 : Hiroshima 1998 : Bangkok 2002 : Busan 2006 : Doha 2010 : Guangzhou 2014 : Incheon 2018 : Jakarta / Palembang 2022 : Hangzhou Winter 1986 : Sapporo 1990 : Sapporo 1996 : Harbin 1999 : Kangwon 2003 : Aomori 2007 : Changchun 2011 : Astana - Almaty 2017 : Sapporo VIAF : 124320545 LCCN : n79039626 GND : 4059304 - 6 Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tehran&oldid=807337386 '' Categories : Tehran Capitals in Asia Cities in Tehran Province Iranian provincial capitals Populated places along the Silk Road Populated places in Tehran County Hidden categories : CS1 Persian - language sources ( fa ) CS1 maint : Multiple names : authors list Webarchive template wayback links All articles with dead external links Articles with dead external links from June 2016 Pages with URL errors Wikipedia indefinitely move - protected pages Articles containing Persian - language text Coordinates on Wikidata Articles with hAudio microformats Articles containing Old Persian - language text Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2011 All articles containing potentially dated statements Articles needing additional references from July 2015 All articles needing additional references Articles with dead external links from July 2015 Wikipedia articles with VIAF identifiers Wikipedia articles with LCCN identifiers Wikipedia articles with GND identifiers Articles containing video clips Talk Contents About Wikipedia Wikinews Wikivoyage Acèh Адыгэбзэ Адыгабзэ Afrikaans Alemannisch አማርኛ Aragonés ܐܪܡܝܐ অসমীয়া Asturianu Azərbaycanca تۆرکجه বাংলা Bân - lâm - gú Башҡортса Беларуская Беларуская ( тарашкевіца ) ‎ Bikol Central Български Boarisch བོད ་ ཡིག Bosanski Brezhoneg Буряад Català Чӑвашла Cebuano Čeština Chi - Chewa ChiShona Cymraeg Dansk Davvisámegiella Deutsch Eesti Ελληνικά Эрзянь Español Esperanto Estremeñu Euskara فارسی Fiji Hindi Føroyskt Français Frysk Gaeilge Gàidhlig Galego 客家 語 / Hak - kâ - ngî 한국어 Հայերեն हिन्दी Hornjoserbsce Hrvatski Ido Ilokano Bahasa Indonesia Interlingua Interlingue Ирон Íslenska Italiano עברית Basa Jawa Kalaallisut ಕನ್ನಡ ქართული Қазақша Kernowek Kiswahili Kongo Kreyòl ayisyen Kurdî Кыргызча Лезги لۊری شومالی Latina Latviešu Lëtzebuergesch Lietuvių Ligure Limburgs Lumbaart Magyar Македонски Malagasy മലയാളം Māori मराठी მარგალური مصرى مازِرونی Bahasa Melayu Mìng - dĕ̤ng - ngṳ̄ Монгол မြန်မာဘာသာ Nederlands नेपाली नेपाल भाषा 日本 語 Napulitano Нохчийн Norfuk / Pitkern Norsk Norsk nynorsk Occitan Олык марий ଓଡ଼ିଆ Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча ਪੰਜਾਬੀ پنجابی Papiamentu پښتو Piemontèis Polski Português Qaraqalpaqsha Qırımtatarca Română Rumantsch Runa Simi Русиньскый Русский Саха тыла Sardu Scots Shqip Sicilianu සිංහල Simple English Slovenčina Slovenščina Ślůnski Soomaaliga کوردی Српски / srpski Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски Suomi Svenska Tagalog தமிழ் Taqbaylit Tarandíne Татарча / tatarça తెలుగు ไทย Тоҷикӣ Türkçe Türkmençe Twi Удмурт Українська اردو ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche Vèneto Vepsän kel ' Tiếng Việt Volapük Võro 文言 Winaray 吴语 ייִדיש Yorùbá 粵語 Zazaki Žemaitėška 中文 डोटेली Kabɩyɛ Edit links This page was last edited on 27 October 2017, at 09 : 54. 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Question: where is tehran located on the world map
Answer: 35°41′21″N 51°23′20″E