Areca catechu - wikipedia Areca catechu Areca palm Fruiting specimen Scientific classification Kingdom : Plantae ( unranked ) : Angiosperms ( unranked ) : Monocots ( unranked ) : Commelinids Order : Arecales Family : Arecaceae Genus : Areca Species : A. catechu Binomial name Areca catechu L. Synonyms Areca faufel Gaertn. Areca hortensis Lour. Areca cathechu Burm. f. Sublimia areca Comm. ex Mart. Areca himalayana Griff. ex H. Wendl. Areca nigra Giseke ex H. Wendl. Areca macrocarpa Becc. Areca catechu is a species of palm which grows in much of the tropical Pacific, Asia, and parts of east Africa. The palm is believed to have originated in the Philippines, but is widespread in cultivation and is considered naturalized in southern China ( Guangxi, Hainan, Yunnan ), Taiwan, India, Bangladesh, the Maldives, Ceylon, Cambodia, Laos, Thailand, Vietnam, Malaysia, Indonesia, New Guinea, many of the islands in the Pacific Ocean, and also in the West Indies. The species has many common names including the areca palm, areca nut palm, betel palm, Indian nut, Pinang palm, Chinese language / Mandarin : `` 檳榔 '', Tamil : கமுகு, Tagalog : bunga, Indonesia / Malay : pinang, Tamil : `` கமுகு '' `` kamuhu '' Malayalam : adakka, Kannada : Adike. This palm is called the betel tree because its fruit, the areca nut, is often chewed along with the betel leaf, a leaf from a vine of the family Piperaceae. Areca is derived from a local name from the Malabar Coast of India and catechu is from another Malay name for this palm, caccu. Contents 1 Growth 2 Characteristics 2.1 Chemical composition 3 Uses 4 Gallery 5 References 6 External links Growth Areca catechu is a medium - sized and palm tree, growing straight to 20 m ( 66 ft ) tall, with a trunk 10 -- 15 cm ( 4 -- 6 in ) in diameter. The leaves are 1.5 -- 2 m ( 4.9 -- 6.6 ft ) long, pinnate, with numerous, crowded leaflets. It is also known as puga in Sanskrit, `` puwak '' in sinhala and supari in Marathi and Gujarati. Normally areca catechu known as pinang tree in Malaysia Characteristics 19th century drawing of Areca catechu Areca catechu is grown for its commercially important seed crop, the areca nut. Tanjung Pinang, Pangkal Pinang cities in Indonesia, Indonesian province of Jambi ( jambi or jambe is areca in Javanese, Sundanese, Balinese, and Old Malay ), Penang Island, off the west coast of Peninsular Malaysia, Fua Mulaku in the Maldives, Guwahati in Assam, and coastal areas of Kerala and Karnataka in India, are some of the places named after a local name for areca nut. Actually, there are numerous city and areal names in Indonesia and Malaysia using the words pinang or jambe. This shows how important areca nut is in the Austronesian civilization, especially in the modern day Indonesia or Malaysia. Chemical composition The seed contains alkaloids such as arecaidine and arecoline, which, when chewed, are intoxicating and slightly addictive. Areca palms are grown in Bangladesh, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Taiwan and many other Asian countries for their seeds. The seed also contains condensed tannins ( procyanidins ) called arecatannins which are carcinogenic. Uses Intensive farming of Areca catechu at a spice plantation in Curti, Goa. Main article : Areca nut The areca nut is also popular for chewing throughout some Asian countries, such as China ( mainly Hunan ), Taiwan, Vietnam, the Philippines, Malaysia, Myanmar, and India and the Pacific, notably Papua New Guinea, where it is very popular. Chewing areca nut is quite popular among working classes in Taiwan. The nut itself can be addictive and has direct link to oral cancers. Areca nuts in Taiwan will usually contain artificial additives such as limestone powder. The extract of Areca catechu may be addictive. The areca palm is also used as an interior landscaping species. It is often used in large indoor areas such as malls and hotels. It will not fruit or reach full size. Indoors, it is a slow growing, low water, high light plant that is sensitive to spider mites and occasionally mealybugs. In India the dry, fallen leaves are collected and hot - pressed into disposable palm leaf plates and bowls. Gallery An Areca catechu plantation in Taiwan Areca palm at Kolkata, West Bengal, India Areca palm at Kolkata, West Bengal, India Areca palm fruit at Kerala, India Areca nuts from India Flora de Filipinas Areca catechu farm in Kerala, India Young `` betel '' nuts in Malaysia Areca nut at Penang 's flag Areca catechu of Bangladesh References ^ Jump up to : `` Areca catechu information from NPGS / GRIN ''. www.ars-grin.gov. Retrieved 2008 - 03 - 02. ^ Jump up to : Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families Jump up ^ Jones, D. ( 2001 ), Palms Throughout The World, Reed New Holland, Australia. Jump up ^ Heatubun, C.D., Dransfield, J., Flynn, T., Tjitrosoedirdjo, S.S., Mogea, J.P. & Baker, W.J. ( 2012 ). A monograph of the betel nut palms ( Areca : Arecaceae ) of East Malesia. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 168 : 147 - 173. Jump up ^ Simon Gardner, Pindar Sidisunthorn and Lai Ee May, 2011. Heritage Trees of Penang. Penang : Areca Books. ISBN 978 - 967 - 57190 - 6 - 6 Jump up ^ Kusumoto, Ines Tomoco ; Nakabayashi, Takeshi ; Kida, Hiroaki ; Miyashiro, Hirotsugu ; Hattori, Masao ; Namba, Tsuneo ; Shimotohno, Kunitada ( 1995 ). `` Screening of various plant extracts used in ayurvedic medicine for inhibitory effects on human immunodeficiency virus type 1 ( HIV - 1 ) protease ''. Phytotherapy Research. 9 ( 3 ) : 180 -- 184. doi : 10.1002 / ptr. 2650090305. Jump up ^ Thomas and MacLennan ( 1992 ). `` Slaked lime and betel nut cancer in Papua New Guinea ''. The Lancet. 340 ( 8819 ) : 577 -- 578. PMID 1355157. doi : 10.1016 / 0140 - 6736 ( 92 ) 92109 - S. Jump up ^ Hemantha Amarasinghe ( 2010 ). `` Betel - quid chewing with or without tobacco is a major risk factor for oral potentially malignant disorders in Sri Lanka : A case - control study ''. Oral Oncology. 46 ( 4 ) : 297 -- 301. PMID 20189448. doi : 10.1016 / j. oraloncology. 2010.01. 017. Jump up ^ Marcello Spinella ( 2001 ). The psychopharmacology of herbal medicine : plant drugs that alter mind, brain, and behavior. MIT Press. pp. 233 --. ISBN 978 - 0 - 262 - 69265 - 6. Retrieved 14 October 2011. Jump up ^ Palm Leaf Plates on the website TheWholeLeafCo. dom ; viewed in September 2016 External links Wikimedia Commons has media related to Areca catechu. Plant Cultures : Betelnut botany and history Areca catechu List of Chemicals ( Dr. Duke 's ) Names in different Languages Taxon identifiers Wd : Q156969 EoL : 1136163 FOC : 200027002 GBIF : 2736531 GRIN : 3903 iNaturalist : 83108 IPNI : 664107 - 1 ITIS : 506702 NCBI : 184783 Plant List : kew - 14517 PLANTS : ARCA41 Tropicos : 2401626 Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Areca_catechu&oldid=800900966 '' Categories : Areca Tropical fruit Fruits originating in Asia Flora of the Philippines Medicinal plants of Asia Garden plants of Asia House plants Ornamental trees Plants described in 1753 Hidden categories : Articles with ' species ' microformats Talk Contents About Wikipedia Wikispecies অসমীয়া Asturianu Azərbaycanca تۆرکجه বাংলা Bân - lâm - gú Català Cebuano Čeština Deutsch Eesti Español Esperanto فارسی Français 客家 語 / Hak - kâ - ngî 한국어 Hornjoserbsce Bahasa Indonesia Italiano Basa Jawa ಕನ್ನಡ Kapampangan ქართული Kiswahili Kreyòl ayisyen Latina Latviešu Lietuvių Magyar മലയാളം मराठी Bahasa Melayu Mìng - dĕ̤ng - ngṳ̄ မြန်မာဘာသာ Nederlands 日本 語 Tok Pisin Polski Português Русский संस्कृतम् Slovenčina Basa Sunda Suomi Svenska Tagalog తెలుగు ไทย ತುಳು Українська Vahcuengh Tiếng Việt Winaray 粵語 中文 Edit links This page was last edited on 16 September 2017, at 11 : 47. 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Question: trees of the betel nut genus of palms
Answer: Areca