Yenisei river - wikipedia Yenisei river For the bandy club Yenisey, see Yenisey Krasnoyarsk Bandy Club. This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. ( July 2007 ) Yenisei ( Енисей ) River Bii - Khem and Kaa - Khem near Kyzyl Countries Mongolia, Russia Regions Tuva, Krasnoyarsk Krai, Khakassia, Irkutsk Oblast, Buryatia, Zabaykalsky Krai Tributaries - right Angara, Lower Tunguska, Stony Tunguska River Cities Kyzyl, Shagonar, Sayanogorsk, Abakan, Divnogorsk, Krasnoyarsk, Yeniseysk, Lesosibirsk, Igarka, Dudinka Source Mungaragiyn - Gol - location ridge Dod - Taygasyn - Noor, Mongolia - elevation 3,351 m ( 10,994 ft ) - length 748 km ( 465 mi ) - coordinates 50 ° 43 ′ 46 '' N 98 ° 39 ′ 49 '' E ﻿ / ﻿ 50.72944 ° N 98.66361 ° E ﻿ / 50.72944 ; 98.66361 Mouth Yenisei Gulf Length 3,438 km ( 2,136 mi ) Basin 2,580,000 km ( 996,144 sq mi ) Discharge for Igarka - average 19,600 m / s ( 692,167 cu ft / s ) - max 112,000 m / s ( 3,955,243 cu ft / s ) - min 3,120 m / s ( 110,182 cu ft / s ) The Yenisei basin, including Lake Baikal The Yenisei ( Russian : Енисе́й, Jeniséj ; Mongolian : Енисей мөрөн, Yenisei mörön ) ; Buryat : Горлог мүрэн, Gorlog müren ; Tyvan : Улуг - Хем, Uluğ - Hem ; Khakas : Ким суг, Kim sug also Romanized Yenisey, Enisei, Jenisej, is the largest river system flowing to the Arctic Ocean. It is the central of the three great Siberian rivers that flow into the Arctic Ocean ( the other two being the Ob and the Lena ). Rising in Mongolia, it follows a northerly course to the Yenisei Gulf in the Kara Sea, draining a large part of central Siberia, the longest stream following the Yenisei - Angara - Selenga - Ider river system. The maximum depth of the Yenisei is 24 metres ( 80 ft ) and the average depth is 14 metres ( 45 ft ). The depth of river outflow is 32 metres ( 106 ft ) and inflow is 31 metres ( 101 ft ). Contents 1 Course of the river 2 Lake Baikal 3 Flora and fauna 3.1 Taimyr reindeer herd 4 Navigation 5 History 6 Pollution 7 Gallery 8 See also 9 References 10 External links Course of the river The confluence of the rivers Kaa - Khem and Piy - Khem from the height of bird flight The river flows through Tuva, Khakassia, and the city of Krasnoyarsk. Its tributaries include the Angara, Nizhnyaya Tunguska, Podkamennaya Tunguska, and Tuba rivers. Lake Baikal Main article : Lake Baikal The 320 - kilometre ( 200 mi ), partly navigable Upper Angara River feeds into the northern end of Lake Baikal from the Buryat Republic but the largest inflow is from the Selenga which forms a delta on the south - eastern side. The river as seen from the trans - Siberian railway near Krasnoyarsk Flora and fauna The Yenisei River basin ( excluding Lake Baikal and lakes of the Khantayka River headwaters ) is home to 55 native fish species, including two endemics : Gobio sibiricus ( a gobionine cyprinid ) and Thymallus nigrescens ( es ) ( a grayling ). The grayling is restricted to Khövsgöl Nuur and its tributaries. Most fish found in the Yenisei River basin are relatively widespread Euro - Siberian or Siberian species, such as northern pike ( Esox lucius ), common roach ( Rutilus rutilus ), common dace ( Leuciscus leuciscus ), Siberian sculpin ( Cottus poecilopus ), European perch ( Perca fluviatilis ) and Prussian carp ( Carassius gibelio ). The basin is also home to many salmonids ( trout, whitefish, charr, graylings, taimen and relatives ) and the Siberian sturgeon ( Acipenser baerii ). The Yenisei River valley is habitat for numerous flora and fauna, with Siberian pine and Siberian larch being notable tree species. In prehistoric times Scots pine, Pinus sylvestris, was abundant in the Yenisei River valley circa 6000 BC. There are also numerous bird species present in the watershed, including, for example, the hooded crow, Corvus cornix. Taimyr reindeer herd The Taimyr reindeer herd, a migrating tundra reindeer ( R.t. sibiricus ), the largest reindeer herd in the world, migrated to winter grazing ranges along the Yenisei River. Navigation Inclined plane at Krasnoyarsk Dam River steamers first came to the Yenesei River in 1864 and were brought in from Holland and England across the icy Kara Sea. One was the SS Nikolai. The SS Thames attempted to explore the river, overwintered in 1876, but was damaged in the ice and eventually wrecked in the river. Success came with the steamers Frazer, Express in 1878, and the next year, Moscow hauling supplies in and wheat out. The Dalman reached Yeneisisk in 1881. Imperial Russian placed river steamers on the massive river as an attempt to free up communication to land locked Siberia. One boat was the SS St. Nicholas which conveyed the future Tsar Nicholas II in his trip to Siberia, and later Vladimir Lenin arriving to prison. Engineers attempted to place river steamers on regular service on the river during the building of the Trans - Siberian Railway. The boats were needed to bring in the rails, engines and supplies. Captain Joseph Wiggins sailed the Orestes with rail and parted out river steamers in 1893. However, the sea and river route proved very difficult with several ships lost at sea and on the river. Both the Ob and Yenisei mouths feed into very long inlets, several hundred miles in length, which are shallow, ice bound and prone to high winds and thus treacherous for navigation. After the completion of the railway, river traffic reduced only to local service as the Arctic route and long river proved much to indirect a route. The first recreation team to navigate the Yenisei 's entire length, including its violent upper tributary in Mongolia, was an Australian - Canadian effort completed in September 2001. Ben Kozel, Tim Cope, Colin Angus and Remy Quinter were on this team. Both Kozel and Angus wrote books detailing this expedition, and a documentary was produced for National Geographic Television. A canal inclined plane was built on the river in 1985 at the Krasnoyarsk Dam. History Nomadic tribes such as the Ket people and the Yugh people have lived along the banks of the Yenisei river since ancient times, and this region is the location of the Yeniseian language family. The Ket, numbering about 1000, are the only survivors today of those who originally lived throughout central southern Siberia near the river banks. Their extinct relatives included the Kotts, Assans, Arins, Baikots, and Pumpokols who lived further upriver to the south. The modern Ket lived in the eastern middle areas of the river before being assimilated politically into Russia during the 17th through 19th centuries. Wheat from the Yenisei was sold by Muslims and Uighurs during inadequate harvests to Bukhara and Soghd during the Tahirid era. Russians first reached the upper Yenisei in 1605, travelling from the Ob River, up the Ket River, portaging and then down the Yenisei as far as the Sym River. During World War II, Nazi Germany and the Japanese Empire agreed to divide Asia along a line that followed the Yenisei River to the border of China, and then along the border of China and the Soviet Union. Pollution Studies have shown that the Yenisei suffers from contamination caused by radioactive discharges from a factory that produced bomb - grade plutonium in the secret city of Krasnoyarsk - 26, now known as Zheleznogorsk. Gallery The bridge over the Yenisei in Krasnoyarsk, Russia, viewed from the left bank. Vinogradovsky most, the bridge in Krasnoyarsk, Russia, viewed from the left bank The Yenisei ( left ) and the Ob flow into Kara Sea. See also Sayano - Shushenskaya hydroelectric station Yenisey Krasnoyarsk References Jump up ^ `` Station : Igarka ''. Yenisei Basin. UNH / GRDC. Retrieved 31 March 2013. Jump up ^ A. Ochir. `` History of the Mongol Oirats '' 1993 Jump up ^ `` Yenisei River ''. Hammond Quick & Easy Notebook Reference Atlas & Webster Dictionary. Hammond. p. 31. ISBN 0843709227. Jump up ^ `` Yenisei River : Siberia 's blessing and curse ''. RT. 11 June 2010. Retrieved 8 June 2014. Jump up ^ Alan Taylor ( 23 August 2013 ). `` A Year on the Yenisei River ''. The Atlantic. Retrieved 8 June 2014. Jump up ^ C Michael Hogan ( 13 May 2012 ). `` Yenisei River ''. Encyclopedia of Earth. Retrieved 23 April 2015. ^ Jump up to : Freshwater Ecoregions of the World ( 2008 ). Yenisei. Retrieved 16 July 2014. Jump up ^ Stein, Ruediger et al. 2003. Siberian river run - off in the Kara Sea, Proceedings in Marine Sciences, Elsevier, Amsterdam, 488 pages Jump up ^ C. Michael Hogan. 2009. Hooded Crow : Corvus cornix, GlobalTwitcher.com, ed, N. Stromberg Jump up ^ Russell, D.E. ; Gunn, A. ( 20 November 2013 ). `` Migratory Tundra Rangifer ''. NOAA Arctic Research Program. Jump up ^ Kolpashikov, L. ; Makhailov, V. ; Russell, D. ( 2014 ). `` The role of harvest, predators and socio - political environment in the dynamics of the Taimyr wild reindeer herd with some lessons for North America ''. Ecology and Society. Jump up ^ Baskin, Leonid M. ( 1986 ), `` Differences in the ecology and behaviour of reindeer populations in the USSR '', Rangifer, Special Issue ( 1 ) : 333 -- 340, retrieved 7 January 2015 Jump up ^ Five Months in a Leaky Boat : A River Journey Through Siberia, Kozel, 2003, Pan Macmillan Jump up ^ Permanent International Association of Navigation Congresses. ( 1989 ). Ship lifts : report of a Study Commission within the framework of Permanent. PIANC. ISBN 978 - 2 - 87223 - 006 - 8. Retrieved 2011 - 12 - 14. Jump up ^ Vajda, Edward G. `` The Ket and Other Yeniseian Peoples ''. Retrieved 2006 - 10 - 27. Jump up ^ Ian Blanchard ( 2001 ). Mining, Metallurgy and Minting in the Middle Ages : Asiatic supremacy, 425 - 1125. Franz Steiner Verlag. pp. 271 -- 272. ISBN 978 - 3 - 515 - 07958 - 7. Jump up ^ Fisher, Raymond Henry ( 1943 ). The Russian Fur Trade, 1550 - 1700. University of California Press. Jump up ^ Weinberg, Gerhard L. Visions of Victory : The Hopes of Eight World War II Leaders Cambridge, England, United Kingdom : 2005 -- Cambridge University Press ( 1 ) Jump up ^ David Hoffman ( 17 August 1998 ). `` Wastes of War : Radioactivity Threatens a Mighty River ''. The Washington Post. Retrieved 13 February 2015. This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain : Chisholm, Hugh, ed. ( 1911 ). `` Yenisei ''. Encyclopædia Britannica. 28 ( 11th ed. ). Cambridge University Press. Coordinates : 71 ° 50 ′ 0 '' N 82 ° 40 ′ 0 '' E ﻿ / ﻿ 71.83333 ° N 82.66667 ° E ﻿ / 71.83333 ; 82.66667 External links Wikimedia Commons has media related to Yenisei River. Wikisource has the text of the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica article Yenisei. Yenisey River at Encyclopædia Britannica Photos of river around Krasnoyarsk area at Boston.com William Barr, ' German paddle - steamers on the Yenisey 1878 - 84 ', The Journal of the Hakluyt Society, August 2014. Geographic data related to Yenisei River at OpenStreetMap VIAF : 244579309 GND : 4109125 - 5 Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Yenisei_River&oldid=831716307 '' Categories : Rivers of Krasnoyarsk Krai Rivers of Khakassia Yenisei basin Drainage basins of the Kara Sea Physiographic provinces Hidden categories : Articles needing additional references from July 2007 All articles needing additional references Geobox usage tracking for river type Articles containing Russian - language text Articles containing Mongolian - language text Wikipedia articles needing clarification from August 2015 All articles with unsourced statements Articles with unsourced statements from June 2014 Interlanguage link template link number Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica Coordinates on Wikidata Articles with Encyclopædia Britannica links Wikipedia articles with VIAF identifiers Wikipedia articles with GND identifiers Use dmy dates from March 2017 Talk Navigation Contents About Wikipedia Afrikaans Asturianu Azərbaycanca تۆرکجه বাংলা Bân - lâm - gú Башҡортса Беларуская Беларуская ( тарашкевіца ) ‎ भोजपुरी Български Bosanski Brezhoneg Буряад Català Чӑвашла Cebuano Čeština Cymraeg Dansk Deutsch Eesti Ελληνικά Español Esperanto Euskara فارسی Français Frysk 한국어 Հայերեն हिन्दी Hornjoserbsce Hrvatski Bahasa Indonesia Ирон Italiano עברית ქართული Қазақша Kiswahili Кыргызча Latina Latviešu Lietuvių Magyar Македонски മലയാളം मराठी Bahasa Melayu Монгол Nederlands 日本 語 Norsk Norsk nynorsk Олык марий Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча پنجابی Polski Português Română Русский Scots Sicilianu Simple English Slovenčina Slovenščina Српски / srpski Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски Suomi Svenska Tagalog Татарча / tatarça తెలుగు ไทย Тоҷикӣ Türkçe Тыва дыл Українська Tiếng Việt Winaray 粵語 中文 75 more Edit links This page was last edited on 21 March 2018, at 22 : 18. 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Question: where does the yenisei river begin and end
Answer: Mungaragiyn-Gol