Federal Supreme Court of Switzerland - Wikipedia Federal Supreme Court of Switzerland Federal Supreme Court of Switzerland Bundesgericht ( German ) Tribunal fédéral ( French ) Tribunale federale ( Italian ) Tribunal federal ( Romansh ) Country Switzerland Location Lausanne Motto ( in Latin ) `` Lex, justitia, pax '' ( in English ) `` Law, justice, peace '' Authorized by Swiss Federal Constitution Website www.bger.ch Switzerland This article is part of a series on the politics and government of Switzerland Constitution Human rights Federal Council Members ( by seniority ) Doris Leuthard Ueli Maurer Simonetta Sommaruga Johann Schneider - Ammann Alain Berset ( President ) Guy Parmelin Ignazio Cassis Federal Chancellor Walter Thurnherr Federal administration Federal Assembly Council of States ( members ) National Council ( members ) Political parties Elections Voting Recent elections Federal : 2007 2011 2015 Referendums Mandatory Optional Popular initiative Federal courts Federal Supreme Court Federal Criminal Court Federal Administrative Court Federal Patent Court Foreign relations European Union Administrative divisions Cantons Municipalities Other countries Atlas The Federal Supreme Court of Switzerland ( German : Bundesgericht, French : Tribunal fédéral, Italian : Tribunale federale, Romansh : Tribunal federal ( help info ) ) is the supreme court of the Swiss Confederation. As part of the judiciary, it is one of the three branches of government in Switzerland 's political system. It is headquartered in the Federal Courthouse in Lausanne in the canton of Vaud. The two social security divisions of the Federal Supreme Court ( formerly Federal Insurance Court, as an organizationally independent unit of the Federal Supreme Court ), are located in Lucerne. The United Federal Assembly elects 38 federal justices to the Federal Supreme Court. The current president of the court is Ulrich Meyer. The Federal Supreme Court is the final arbiter on disputes in the field of civil law ( citizens - citizens ), the public arena ( citizen - state ), as well as in disputes between cantons or between cantons and the Confederation. Decisions in the field of human rights violation can be appealed to the European Court of Human Rights in Strasbourg. As a state agency, the Federal Supreme Court examines the uniform application of federal law by the cantonal and federal courts of lower instance. It protects the rights that the citizen has according to the Federal Constitution. During a dispute, the Federal Supreme Court examines the application of the law and does not examine the facts of the other courts below, unless evidently flawed. When an appeal is filed, the Federal Supreme Court examines whether the law was correctly applied in the contested decision and thus ensures the uniform application of federal law throughout the country. Its decisions contribute to the development of the law and to its adaptation to new circumstances. The other courts and the administrative authorities use the decisions of the Federal Supreme Court as a reference and adopt their principles. Procedures before the Federal Supreme Court take place in writing. There are no court hearings with plaintiffs and defendants giving testimony and lawyers pleading their cases. The Federal Supreme Court bases its decisions on facts as they are established by the lower instances and described in the records of the previous proceedings. If the Federal Supreme Court concludes that a lower court has decided incorrectly, it overturns the contested decision and if necessary sends it back to the previous instance for a new decision. In addition to its work as the highest judicial authority, the Federal Supreme Court exercises administrative supervision over the Federal Criminal Court, the Federal Administrative Court and the Federal Patent Court. According to the Constitution of Switzerland, the court has jurisdiction over violations of : federal law ; public international law ; inter-cantonal law ; cantonal constitutional rights ; autonomy of municipalities, and other guarantees granted by the cantons to public corporate bodies ; and federal and cantonal provisions concerning political rights. Because of an emphasis on direct democracy through referendum, the Constitution precludes the Federal Supreme Court from reviewing acts of the Federal Parliament, unless such review is specifically provided for by statute. Decisions of arbitral tribunals constituted under Swiss law, such as the Court of Arbitration for Sport, can be appealed to the Federal Supreme Court, although judicial review is limited to a very narrow set of questions of law in such cases. Contents 1 Organisation 1.1 Federal justices 1.2 Deputy federal justices 1.3 Court clerks 2 Divisions 3 Notes and references 4 See also 5 External links Organisation Logo of the Federal Supreme Court of Switzerland. The federal judiciary within the Swiss legal system. The supervisory bodies are the Court Assembly, the Administrative Commission and the Conference of Presidents. The Court Assembly consists of all ordinary justices and is mainly responsible for the Court 's internal organisation. It designates the divisions, appoints their presidents and issues the procedural rules for the Court. The Administrative Commission is responsible for managing the Court 's administration. It is composed of the President of the Federal Supreme Court, the Vice-President and one other justice. The Conference of Presidents consists of the presidents of the various divisions and is responsible for the coordination of judicial decision - making among the divisions. The President of the Federal Supreme Court acts in an advisory capacity. The Secretary - General participates in meetings held by the Court Assembly, the Administrative Commission and the Conference of Presidents in an advisory capacity. Federal justices A total of 38 justices sit on the bench of the Federal Supreme Court. Currently 14 women and 24 men serve as federal justices. Of the federal justices currently serving on the bench, three have Italian, 12 French and 23 German as their native language. The justices are forbidden from engaging in any gainful occupation outside of their work as federal justices. The federal justices have the status of government officials. The federal justices are proposed by the Judicial Committee and elected by the United Federal Assembly ( National Council and Council of States ) for a term of office of six years. They can be re-elected an unlimited number of times. There is, however, an upper age limit of 68. Anyone who has the right to vote at the federal level may be elected a federal justice ; the law does not prescribe any legal training. In practice, however, only proven jurists from the judiciary, practicing legal profession, academia or the public sector are elected. Deputy Federal justices The Federal Supreme Court numbers 19 deputy justices, who are also elected by the Federal Assembly. Of the deputy justices currently sitting on the bench, three have Italian, five French and 11 German as their native language. Nine of the deputy justices are women. The deputy federal justices serve in a part - time capacity, otherwise they are professors, practicing lawyers or cantonal judges. As a general rule, they serve as replacements for justices who have recused themselves or have taken ill, or when the Court 's docket has become overly full. In the proceedings on which they sit they have the same rights and obligations as the ordinary federal justices. Court clerks The court clerks are the judicial staff of the justices. Previously their primary task was to draft the written judgements after the decisions had been rendered in court. Due to the increasing case load of the Court, the court clerks are now also tasked with drafting the draft ruling in many cases. They also are involved in an advisory capacity in the preparatory stages of proceedings and during deliberations. They draft the final text of rulings based on the remarks made by the members of the division. Currently 132 court clerks serve on the Federal Supreme Court, approximately one third of whom are women. Divisions The 38 federal justices are elected by the United Federal Assembly. The Federal Supreme Court is composed of seven divisions, with five or six justices each. The tasks of the divisions differ according to the legal domains they cover ( public law, private law, criminal First Public Law Division Guarantee of ownership, national and regional spatial planning and construction law, environmental protection, political rights, international judicial cooperation in criminal matters, road traffic ( including the revocation of driving licences ), citizenship, guarantees of due process. In criminal proceedings : appeals against interlocutory rulings. Division president : Thomas Merkli Judges : Peter Karlen, Jean Fonjallaz, Ivo Eusebio, François Chaix, Lorenz Kneubühler Second Public Law Division Rights of foreigners, taxes and duties, public commercial law ( e.g. state liability, subsidies, radio and television ), fundamental rights such as freedom of religion and conscience, freedom of language and economic freedom. Division president : Hans Georg Seiler Judges : Andreas Zünd, Florence Aubry Girardin, Yves Donzallaz, Thomas Stadelmann, Stephan Haag First Civil Law Division Code of Obligations ( law of obligations ), insurance contracts, intellectual property rights, competition law and international arbitration. Division president : Christina Kiss Judges : Kathrin Klett, Fabienne Hohl, Martha Niquille, Marie - Chantal May Canellas Second Civil Law Division Civil Code ( law of persons, family law, law of succession and property law ), proceedings concerning debt recovery and bankruptcy. Division president : Nicolas von Werdt Judges : Elisabeth Escher, Luca Marazzi, Christian Herrmann, Felix Schöbi, Grégory Bovey Criminal Law Division Criminal matters arising from substantive criminal law ( including the execution of penalties and measures ) and from the Code of Criminal Procedure ( except appeals against interlocutory rulings in criminal proceedings ). Division president : Christian Denys Judges : Laura Jacquemoud - Rossari, Niklaus Oberholzer, Yves Rüedi, Monique Jametti First Social Law Division Disability insurance, accident insurance, unemployment insurance, cantonal social insurance, family allowances, social assistance, military insurance and civil service law. Division president : Marcel Maillard Judges : Jean - Maurice Frésard, Alexia Heine, Martin Wirthlin, Daniela Viscione Second Social Law Division Old - age and survivors ' insurance, disability insurance, loss - of - income payments, supplementary benefits, health insurance and occupational pensions. Division president : Brigitte Pfiffner Judges : Ulrich Meyer, Lucrezia Glanzmann, Francesco Parrino, Margit Moser - Szeless Notes and references Federal Supreme Court in German, French and Italian in the online Historical Dictionary of Switzerland. See also Federal courts of Switzerland Federal Criminal Court of Switzerland Federal Administrative Court Federal Patent Court External links Official website ( in French ) ( in German ) ( in Italian ) Page on the website of the City of Lausanne Wikimedia Commons has media related to Tribunal Fédéral Suisse ( Lausanne ). 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Question: the number of judges of the swiss tribunal is
Answer: 38