Malleolus - wikipedia Malleolus This article is about the structure in human anatomy. For insects, see Malleolus ( arthropod ). For other uses, see Malleus ( disambiguation ). This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. ( April 2012 ) Malleolus Coronal cross-section through the right ankle showing the lateral malleolus ( right ) and medial malleolus ( left ) The left leg, with the medial malleolus labeled at bottom right. Details Identifiers Latin malleolus, malleoli Dorlands / Elsevier m_02 / 12511187 TA A02. 5.06. 020 A02. 5.07. 014 Anatomical terms of bone ( edit on Wikidata ) Look up malleolus in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. A malleolus is the bony prominence on each side of the human ankle. Each leg is supported by two bones, the tibia on the inner side ( medial ) of the leg and the fibula on the outer side ( lateral ) of the leg. The medial malleolus is the prominence on the inner side of the ankle, formed by the lower end of the tibia. The lateral malleolus is the prominence on the outer side of ankle, formed by the lower end of the fibula. The word malleolus ( / məˈliːələs, mæ - / ), plural malleoli ( / məˈliːəˌlaɪ, mæ - / ), comes from Latin and means `` small hammer ''. ( It is cognate with mallet. ) Contents 1 Medial malleolus 2 Lateral malleolus 3 Clinical significance 3.1 Fracture 4 Additional images 5 References Medial malleolus The medial malleolus is found at the foot end of the tibia. The medial surface of the lower extremity of tibia is prolonged downward to form a strong pyramidal process, flattened from without inward - the medial malleolus. The medial surface of this process is convex and subcutaneous. The lateral or articular surface is smooth and slightly concave, and articulates with the talus. The anterior border is rough, for the attachment of the anterior fibers of the deltoid ligament of the ankle - joint. The posterior border presents a broad groove, the malleolar sulcus, directed obliquely downward and medially, and occasionally double ; this sulcus lodges the tendons of the Tibialis posterior and Flexor digitorum longus. The summit of the medial malleolus is marked by a rough depression behind, for the attachment of the deltoid ligament. Structures that pass behind medial malleolus deep to the flexor retinaculum : Tibialis posterior tendon Flexor digitorum longus Posterior tibial artery Posterior tibial vein Tibial nerve Flexor hallucis longus Lateral malleolus The lateral malleolus is found at the foot end of the fibula, is of a pyramidal form and somewhat flattened from side to side ; it descends to a lower level than the medial malleolus. The medial surface presents in front a smooth triangular surface, convex from above downward, which articulates with a corresponding surface on the lateral side of the talus. Behind and beneath the articular surface is a rough depression, which gives attachment to the posterior talofibular ligament. The lateral surface is convex, subcutaneous, and continuous with the triangular, subcutaneous surface on the lateral side of the body. The anterior border is thick and rough, and marked below by a depression for the attachment of the anterior talofibular ligament. The posterior border is broad and presents the shallow malleolar sulcus, for the passage of the tendons of the Peronæi longus and brevis. The summit is rounded, and gives attachment to the calcaneofibular ligament. Clinical significance Fracture See also : Weber classification A bimalleolar fracture is a fracture of the ankle that involves the lateral malleolus and the medial malleolus. Studies have shown that bimalleolar fractures are more common in women, people over 60 years of age, and patients with existing comorbidities. A trimalleolar fracture is a fracture of the ankle that involves the lateral malleolus, the medial malleolus, and the distal posterior aspect of the tibia, which can be termed the posterior malleolus. The trauma is sometimes accompanied by ligament damage and dislocation. Additional images Ankle joint. Deep dissection. Lateral view. Ankle joint. Deep dissection. Ankle joint. Deep dissection. References This article incorporates text in the public domain from the 20th edition of Gray 's Anatomy ( 1918 ) Jump up ^ `` Malleolus ''. Merriam - Webster Dictionary. Retrieved 2016 - 01 - 22. Jump up ^ `` Malleolus ''. Oxford Dictionaries. Oxford University Press. Retrieved 2016 - 01 - 22. ^ Jump up to : Tejwani, Nirmal ; et al. ( 2007 ). `` Are Outcomes of Bimalleolar Fractures Poorer Than Those of Lateral Malleolar Fractures with Medial Ligamentous Injury ? ''. Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery ( 89 ) : 1438 -- 1441. doi : 10.2106 / JBJS. F. 01006. Retrieved 26 November 2010. Jump up ^ Orthopaedic Trauma Association ( September 2007 ). `` Ankle Fractures ''. AAOS. Bones of the human leg Femur upper extremity head fovea neck greater trochanter fossa lesser trochanter intertrochanteric line intertrochanteric crest quadrate tubercle shaft linea aspera upper medial : merges with intertrochanteric line upper intermediate : pectineal line upper lateral : gluteal tuberosity / third trochanter lower extremity adductor tubercle patellar surface epicondyles lateral medial condyles lateral medial intercondylar fossa Tibia upper extremity Gerdy 's tubercle condyles lateral medial intercondylar area posterior anterior intercondylar eminence lateral tubercle medial tubercle shaft tuberosity soleal line lower extremity medial malleolus Anterior colliculus Posterior colliculus fibular notch Fibula lateral malleolus Other patella apex Foot Tarsus calcaneus sustentaculum tali calcaneal tubercle talus navicular cuboid cuneiform medial intermediate lateral Metatarsals 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th Other Phalanges Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Malleolus&oldid=772895110 '' Categories : Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the 20th edition of Gray 's Anatomy ( 1918 ) Bones of the lower limb Tibia Fibula Hidden categories : Articles needing additional references from April 2012 All articles needing additional references Medicine infobox template using GraySubject or GrayPage Medicine infobox template using Dorlands parameter Talk Contents About Wikipedia Català Čeština Deutsch Español Français 한국어 Italiano Lëtzebuergesch Polski Português Русский Sicilianu ไทย Українська Edit links This page was last edited on 30 March 2017, at 00 : 20. 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Question: which is the name for each bony prominence on the medial and lateral aspects of the lower leg
Answer: malleolus