Human body - wikipedia Human body Human body Details Identifiers Latin corpus humanum TA A01. 0.00. 000 FMA 20394 Anatomical terminology ( edit on Wikidata ) The human body is the entire structure of a human being. It is composed of many different types of cells that together create tissues and subsequently organ systems. They ensure homeostasis and the viability of the human body. It comprises a head, neck, trunk ( which includes the thorax and abdomen ), arms and hands, legs and feet. The study of the human body involves anatomy, physiology, histology and embryology. The body varies anatomically in known ways. Physiology focuses on the systems and organs of the human body and their functions. Many systems and mechanisms interact in order to maintain homeostasis, with safe levels of substances such as sugar and oxygen in the blood. The body is studied by health professionals, physiologists, anatomists, and by artists to assist them in their work. Contents 1 Composition 1.1 Cells 1.2 Tissues 1.3 Organs 1.4 Systems 1.4. 1 Circulatory system 1.4. 2 Digestive system 1.4. 3 Endocrine system 1.4. 4 Immune system 1.4. 5 Integumentary system 1.4. 6 Lymphatic system 1.4. 7 Musculoskeletal system 1.4. 8 Nervous system 1.4. 9 Reproductive system 1.4. 10 Respiratory system 1.4. 11 Urinary system 2 Anatomy 3 Physiology 4 Development 5 Health and disease 6 Society and culture 6.1 Professional study 6.2 Depiction 6.3 History of anatomy 6.4 History of physiology 7 See also 8 Notes 9 References 9.1 Books 10 External links Composition Elements of the human body by mass. Trace elements are less than 1 % combined ( and each less than 0.1 % ). The human body is composed of elements including hydrogen, oxygen, carbon, calcium and phosphorus. These elements reside in trillions of cells and non-cellular components of the body. The adult male body is about 60 % water for a total water content of some 42 litres. This is made up of about 19 litres of extracellular fluid including about 3.2 litres of blood plasma and about 8.4 litres of interstitial fluid, and about 23 litres of fluid inside cells. The content, acidity and composition of the water inside and outside cells is carefully maintained. The main electrolytes in body water outside cells are sodium and chloride, whereas within cells it is potassium and other phosphates. Cells The body contains trillions of cells, the fundamental unit of life. At maturity, there are roughly 30 -- 37 trillion cells in the body, an estimate arrived at by totalling the cell numbers of all the organs of the body and cell types. The body is also host to about the same number of non-human cells as well as multicellular organisms which reside in the gastrointestinal tract and on the skin. Not all parts of the body are made from cells. Cells sit in an extracellular matrix that consists of proteins such as collagen, surrounded by extracellular fluids. Of the 70 kg weight of an average human body, nearly 25 kg is non-human cells or non-cellular material such as bone and connective tissue. Cells in the body function because of DNA. DNA sits within the nucleus of a cell. Here, parts of DNA are copied and sent to the body of the cell via RNA. The RNA is then used to create proteins which form the basis for cells, their activity, and their products. Proteins dictate cell function and gene expression, a cell is able to self - regulate by the amount of proteins produced. However, not all cells have DNA -- some cells such as mature red blood cells lose their nucleus as they mature. Tissues External video Human Body 101, National Geographic, 5 : 10 The body consists of many different types of tissue, defined as cells that act with a specialised function. The study of tissues is called histology and often occurs with a microscope. The body consists of four main types of tissues -- lining cells ( epithelia ), connective tissue, nervous tissue and muscle tissue. Cells that lie on surfaces exposed to the outside world or gastrointestinal tract ( epithelia ) or internal cavities ( endothelium ) come in numerous shapes and forms -- from single layers of flat cells, to cells with small beating hair - like cilia in the lungs, to column - like cells that line the stomach. Endothelial cells are cells that line internal cavities including blood vessels and glands. Lining cells regulate what can and ca n't pass through them, protect internal structures, and function as sensory surfaces. Organs See also : List of organs of the human body Organs, structured collections of cells with a specific function, sit within the body. Examples include the heart, lungs and liver. Many organs reside within cavities within the body. These cavities include the abdomen and pleura. Systems See also : List of systems of the human body Circulatory system Main article : Circulatory system The circulatory system comprises the heart and blood vessels ( arteries, veins and capillaries ). The heart propels the circulation of the blood, which serves as a `` transportation system '' to transfer oxygen, fuel, nutrients, waste products, immune cells and signalling molecules ( i.e., hormones ) from one part of the body to another. The blood consists of fluid that carries cells in the circulation, including some that move from tissue to blood vessels and back, as well as the spleen and bone marrow. Digestive system Main article : Digestive system The digestive system consists of the mouth including the tongue and teeth, esophagus, stomach, ( gastrointestinal tract, small and large intestines, and rectum ), as well as the liver, pancreas, gallbladder, and salivary glands. It converts food into small, nutritional, non-toxic molecules for distribution and absorption into the body. Endocrine system Main article : Endocrine system The endocrine system consists of the principal endocrine glands : the pituitary, thyroid, adrenals, pancreas, parathyroids, and gonads, but nearly all organs and tissues produce specific endocrine hormones as well. The endocrine hormones serve as signals from one body system to another regarding an enormous array of conditions, and resulting in variety of changes of function. Immune system Main article : Immune system The immune system consists of the white blood cells, the thymus, lymph nodes and lymph channels, which are also part of the lymphatic system. The immune system provides a mechanism for the body to distinguish its own cells and tissues from outside cells and substances and to neutralize or destroy the latter by using specialized proteins such as antibodies, cytokines, and toll - like receptors, among many others. Integumentary system Main article : Integumentary system The integumentary system consists of the covering of the body ( the skin ), including hair and nails as well as other functionally important structures such as the sweat glands and sebaceous glands. The skin provides containment, structure, and protection for other organs, and serves as a major sensory interface with the outside world. Lymphatic system Main article : Lymphatic system The lymphatic system extracts, transports and metabolizes lymph, the fluid found in between cells. The lymphatic system is similar to the circulatory system in terms of both its structure and its most basic function, to carry a body fluid. Musculoskeletal system Main article : Musculoskeletal system The musculoskeletal system consists of the human skeleton ( which includes bones, ligaments, tendons, and cartilage ) and attached muscles. It gives the body basic structure and the ability for movement. In addition to their structural role, the larger bones in the body contain bone marrow, the site of production of blood cells. Also, all bones are major storage sites for calcium and phosphate. This system can be split up into the muscular system and the skeletal system. Nervous system Main article : Nervous system The nervous system consists of the central nervous system ( the brain and spinal cord ) and the peripheral nervous system consists of the nerves and ganglia outside the brain and spinal cord. The brain is the organ of thought, emotion, memory, and sensory processing, and serves many aspects of communication and controls various systems and functions. The special senses consist of vision, hearing, taste, and smell. The eyes, ears, tongue, and nose gather information about the body 's environment. Reproductive system Main article : Human reproductive system The reproductive system consists of the gonads and the internal and external sex organs. The reproductive system produces gametes in each sex, a mechanism for their combination, and in the female a nurturing environment for the first 9 months of development of the infant. Respiratory system Main article : Respiratory system The respiratory system consists of the nose, nasopharynx, trachea, and lungs. It brings oxygen from the air and excretes carbon dioxide and water back into the air. Urinary system Main article : Urinary system The urinary system consists of the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra. It removes toxic materials from the blood to produce urine, which carries a variety of waste molecules and excess ions and water out of the body. Anatomy Cavities of human body Main articles : Outline of human anatomy and Anatomy Human anatomy is the study of the shape and form of the human body. The human body has four limbs ( two arms and two legs ), a head and a neck which connect to the torso. The body 's shape is determined by a strong skeleton made of bone and cartilage, surrounded by fat, muscle, connective tissue, organs, and other structures. The spine at the back of the skeleton contains the flexible vertebral column which surrounds the spinal cord, which is a collection of nerve fibres connecting the brain to the rest of the body. Nerves connect the spinal cord and brain to the rest of the body. All major bones, muscles, and nerves in the body are named, with the exception of anatomical variations such as sesamoid bones and accessory muscles. Blood vessels carry blood throughout the body, which moves because of the beating of the heart. Venules and veins collect blood low in oxygen from tissues throughout the body. These collect in progressively larger veins until they reach the body 's two largest veins, the superior and inferior vena cava, which drain blood into the right side of the heart. From here, the blood is pumped into the lungs where it receives oxygen and drains back into the left side of the heart. From here, it is pumped into the body 's largest artery, the aorta, and then progressively smaller arteries and arterioles until it reaches tissue. Here blood passes from small arteries into capillaries, then small veins and the process begins again. Blood carries oxygen, waste products, and hormones from one place in the body to another. Blood is filtered at the kidneys and liver. The body consists of a number of different cavities, separated areas which house different organ systems. The brain and central nervous system reside in an area protected from the rest of the body by the blood brain barrier. The lungs sit in the pleural cavity. The intestines, liver, and spleen sit in the abdominal cavity Height, weight, shape and other body proportions vary individually and with age and sex. Body shape is influenced by the distribution of muscle and fat tissue. Physiology Main articles : Outline of physiology and Physiology Human physiology is the study of how the human body functions. This includes the mechanical, physical, bioelectrical, and biochemical functions of humans in good health, from organs to the cells of which they are composed. The human body consists of many interacting systems of organs. These interact to maintain homeostasis, keeping the body in a stable state with safe levels of substances such as sugar and oxygen in the blood. Each system contributes to homeostasis, of itself, other systems, and the entire body. Some combined systems are referred to by joint names. For example, the nervous system and the endocrine system operate together as the neuroendocrine system. The nervous system receives information from the body, and transmits this to the brain via nerve impulses and neurotransmitters. At the same time, the endocrine system releases hormones, such as to help regulate blood pressure and volume. Together, these systems regulate the internal environment of the body, maintaining blood flow, posture, energy supply, temperature, and acid balance ( pH ). Development Main article : Human development ( biology ) This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. ( September 2016 ) Health and disease Health is a difficult state to define, but relates to the self - defined perception of an individual and includes physical, mental, social and cultural factors. The absence or deficit of health is illness which includes disease and injury. Diseases cause symptoms felt, seen or perceived by a person, and signs which may be visible on a medical examination. Illnesses may be from birth ( congenital ) or arise later in life ( acquired ). Acquired diseases may be contagious, caused or provoked by lifestyle factors such as smoking, alcohol use and diet, arise as the result of injury or trauma, or have a number of different mechanisms or provoking factors. As life expectancy increases, many forms of cancer are becoming more common. Cancer refers to the uncontrolled proliferation of one or more cell types and occurs more commonly in some tissue types than others. Some forms of cancer have strong or known risk factors, whereas others may arise spontaneously. Depending on the type of cancer, risk factors can include exposure to carcinogens and radiation, excessive alcohol or tobacco intake, age, and hormone imbalances in the body. Society and culture Professional study Anatomical study by Leonardo da Vinci Further information : History of anatomy, History of medicine, and History of physiology Health professionals learn about the human body from illustrations, models, and demonstrations. Medical and dental students in addition gain practical experience, for example by dissection of cadavers. Human anatomy, physiology, and biochemistry are basic medical sciences, generally taught to medical students in their first year at medical school. Depiction Figure drawing by Lovis Corinth ( before 1925 ) Main articles : Human figure ( aesthetics ) and Figure drawing Anatomy has served the visual arts since Ancient Greek times, when the 5th century BC sculptor Polykleitos wrote his Canon on the ideal proportions of the male nude. In the Italian Renaissance, artists from Piero della Francesca ( c. 1415 -- 1492 ) onwards, including Leonardo da Vinci ( 1452 -- 1519 ) and his collaborator Luca Pacioli ( c. 1447 -- 1517 ), learnt and wrote about the rules of art, including visual perspective and the proportions of the human body. History of anatomy Two facing pages of text with woodcuts of naked male and female figures, in the Epitome by Andreas Vesalius, 1543 Main article : History of anatomy In Ancient Greece, the Hippocratic Corpus described the anatomy of the skeleton and muscles. The 2nd century physician Galen of Pergamum compiled classical knowledge of anatomy into a text that was used throughout the Middle Ages. In the Renaissance, Andreas Vesalius ( 1514 -- 1564 ) pioneered the modern study of human anatomy by dissection, writing the influential book De humani corporis fabrica. Anatomy advanced further with the invention of the microscope and the study of the cellular structure of tissues and organs. Modern anatomy uses techniques such as magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography, fluoroscopy and ultrasound imaging to study the body in unprecedented detail. History of physiology Main article : History of physiology The study of human physiology began with Hippocrates in Ancient Greece, around 420 BC, and with Aristotle ( 384 -- 322 BC ) who applied critical thinking and emphasis on the relationship between structure and function. Galen ( c. 126 -- 199 ) was the first to use experiments to probe the body 's functions. The term physiology was introduced by the French physician Jean Fernel ( 1497 -- 1558 ). In the 17th century, William Harvey ( 1578 -- 1657 ) described the circulatory system, pioneering the combination of close observation with careful experiment. In the 19th century, physiological knowledge began to accumulate at a rapid rate with the cell theory of Matthias Schleiden and Theodor Schwann in 1838, that organisms are made up of cells. Claude Bernard ( 1813 -- 1878 ) created the concept of the milieu interieur ( internal environment ), which Walter Cannon ( 1871 -- 1945 ) later said was regulated to a steady state in homeostasis. In the 20th century, the physiologists Knut Schmidt - Nielsen and George Bartholomew extended their studies to comparative physiology and ecophysiology. Most recently, evolutionary physiology has become a distinct subdiscipline. See also Biology portal Medicine portal Body image Cell physiology Comparative physiology Comparative anatomy Human development Notes References Jump up ^ `` Chemical Composition of the Human Body ''. About education. Retrieved 2 September 2016. Jump up ^ `` Fluid Physiology ''. Anaesthesiamcq. Retrieved 2 September 2016. Jump up ^ Ganong 's 2016, p. 5. Jump up ^ `` The Cells in Your Body ''. Science Netlinks. Retrieved 2 September 2016. ^ Jump up to : Ron Sender ; Shai Fuchs ; Ron Milo ( 2016 ). `` Revised estimates for the number of human and bacteria cells in the body ''. PLOS Biology. 14 ( 8 ) : e1002533. bioRxiv 036103. doi : 10.1371 / journal. pbio. 1002533. PMID 27541692. Jump up ^ Bianconi, E ; Piovesan, A ; Facchin, F ; Beraudi, A ; Casadei, R ; Frabetti, F ; Vitale, L ; Pelleri, MC ; Tassani, S ; Piva, F ; Perez - Amodio, S ; Strippoli, P ; Canaider, S ( 5 July 2013 ). `` An estimation of the number of cells in the human body ''. Annals of Human Biology. 40 ( 6 ) : 463 -- 71. doi : 10.3109 / 03014460.2013. 807878. PMID 23829164. Jump up ^ David N., Fredricks. `` Microbial Ecology of Human Skin in Health and Disease ''. Science Direct. Journal of Investigative Dermatology Symposium Proceedings. Retrieved 7 February 2017. Jump up ^ Ganong 's 2016, p. 16. Jump up ^ `` Gene Expression Learn Science at Scitable ''. www.nature.com. Retrieved 2017 - 07 - 29. Jump up ^ `` tissue -- definition of tissue in English ''. Oxford Dictionaries English. Retrieved 2016 - 09 - 17. ^ Jump up to : Gray 's Anatomy 2008, p. 27. Jump up ^ `` organ Definition, meaning & more Collins Dictionary ''. www.collinsdictionary.com. Retrieved 2016 - 09 - 17. Jump up ^ `` Cardiovascular System ''. U.S. National Cancer Institute. Archived from the original on 2 February 2007. Retrieved 2008 - 09 - 16. Jump up ^ Human Biology and Health. Upper Saddle River, NJ : Pearson Prentice Hall. 1993. ISBN 0 - 13 - 981176 - 1. Jump up ^ `` The Cardiovascular System ''. SUNY Downstate Medical Center. 8 March 2008. Jump up ^ `` Your Digestive System and How It Works ''. NIH. Retrieved 4 September 2016. Jump up ^ `` Hormonal ( endocrine ) system ''. Victoria State Government. Retrieved 4 September 2016. Jump up ^ Zimmerman, Kim Ann. `` Immune System : Diseases, Disorders & Function ''. LiveScience. Retrieved 4 September 2016. Jump up ^ Integumentary System at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings ( MeSH ) Jump up ^ Marieb, Elaine ; Hoehn, Katja ( 2007 ). Human Anatomy & Physiology ( 7th ed. ). Pearson Benjamin Cummings. p. 142. Jump up ^ Zimmerman, Kim Anne. `` Lymphatic System : Facts, Functions & Diseases ''. LiveScience. Retrieved 4 September 2016. Jump up ^ Moore, Keith L. ; Dalley, Arthur F. ; Agur Anne M.R. ( 2010 ). Moore 's Clinically Oriented Anatomy. Phildadelphia : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 2 -- 3. ISBN 978 - 1 - 60547 - 652 - 0. Jump up ^ `` Nervous System ''. Columbia Encyclopedia ( 6th ed. ). Columbia University Press. 2001. ISBN 978 - 0 - 787 - 65015 - 5. Jump up ^ `` Introduction to the Reproductive System ''. Epidemiology and End Results ( SEER ) Program. Archived from the original on 2 January 2007. Jump up ^ Maton, Anthea ; Hopkins, Jean Susan ; Johnson, Charles William ; McLaughlin, Maryanna Quon ; Warner, David ; LaHart Wright, Jill ( 2010 ). Human Biology and Health. Prentice Hall. pp. 108 -- 118. ISBN 0 - 134 - 23435 - 9. Jump up ^ Zimmerman, Kim Ann. `` Urinary System : Facts, Functions & Diseases ''. LiveScience. Retrieved 4 September 2016. Jump up ^ Gray, Henry ( 1918 ). `` Anatomy of the Human Body ''. Bartleby. Retrieved 4 September 2016. ^ Jump up to : `` What is Physiology ? ''. Understanding Life. Retrieved 4 September 2016. Jump up ^ `` Risk Factors ''. National Cancer Institute. Retrieved 2017 - 07 - 14. Jump up ^ `` Introduction page, `` Anatomy of the Human Body ''. Henry Gray. 20th edition. 1918 ``. Retrieved 27 March 2007. Jump up ^ Publisher 's page for Gray 's Anatomy. 39th edition ( UK ). 2004. ISBN 0 - 443 - 07168 - 3. Archived from the original on 20 February 2007. Retrieved 27 March 2007. Jump up ^ `` Publisher 's page for Gray 's Anatomy. 39th edition ( US ). 2004. ISBN 0 - 443 - 07168 - 3 ''. Archived from the original on 9 February 2007. Retrieved 27 March 2007. Jump up ^ Stewart, Andrew ( November 1978 ). `` Polykleitos of Argos, '' One Hundred Greek Sculptors : Their Careers and Extant Works ``. Journal of Hellenic Studies. 98 : 122 -- 131. doi : 10.2307 / 630196. JSTOR 630196. Jump up ^ `` Leonardo ''. Dartmouth College. Retrieved 2 September 2016. Jump up ^ Gillispie, Charles Coulston ( 1972 ). Dictionary of Scientific Biography. VI. New York : Charles Scribner 's Sons. pp. 419 -- 427. Jump up ^ Hutton, Vivien. `` Galen of Pergamum ''. Encyclopædia Britannica 2006 Ultimate Reference Suite DVD. Jump up ^ `` Vesalius 's De Humanis Corporis Fabrica ''. Archive.nlm.nih.gov. Retrieved 29 August 2010. Jump up ^ `` Andreas Vesalius ( 1514 -- 1567 ) ''. Ingentaconnect. 1 May 1999. Retrieved 29 August 2010. Jump up ^ `` Microscopic anatomy ''. Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 14 October 2013. Jump up ^ `` Anatomical Imaging ''. McGraw Hill Higher Education. 1998. Retrieved 25 June 2013. ^ Jump up to : `` Physiology -- History of physiology, Branches of physiology ''. www.Scienceclarified.com. Retrieved 2 September 2016. Jump up ^ Fell, C. ; Griffith Pearson, F. ( November 2007 ). `` Thoracic Surgery Clinics : Historical Perspectives of Thoracic Anatomy ''. Thorac Surg Clin. 17 ( 4 ) : 443 -- 48, v. doi : 10.1016 / j. thorsurg. 2006.12. 001. Jump up ^ `` Galen ''. Discoveriesinmedicine.com. Retrieved 29 August 2010. ^ Jump up to : Newman, Tim. `` Introduction to Physiology : History And Scope ''. Medicine News Today. Retrieved 2 September 2016. Jump up ^ Zimmer, Carl ( 2004 ). `` Soul Made Flesh : The Discovery of the Brain -- and How It Changed the World ''. J Clin Invest. 114 ( 5 ) : 604 -- 04. doi : 10.1172 / JCI22882. PMC 514597. Jump up ^ Feder, Martin E. ( 1987 ). New directions in ecological physiology. New York : Cambridge Univ. Press. ISBN 978 - 0 - 521 - 34938 - 3. Jump up ^ Garland, Jr, Theodore ; Carter, P.A. ( 1994 ). `` Evolutionary physiology '' ( PDF ). Annual Review of Physiology. 56 ( 1 ) : 579 -- 621. doi : 10.1146 / annurev. ph. 56.030194. 003051. PMID 8010752. Books Ganong 's Review of Medical Physiology. 2016. ISBN 978 - 0 - 07 - 182510 - 8. Gray 's anatomy : the anatomical basis of clinical practice. Editor - in - chief, Susan Standring ( 40th ed. ). London : Churchill Livingstone. 2008. ISBN 978 - 0 - 8089 - 2371 - 8. External links Wikisource has original works on the topic : Human Anatomy Wikimedia Commons has media related to Human body. Look up body in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Wikibooks has a book on the topic of : Human Physiology The Book of Humans ( from the late 18th and early 19th centuries ) Inner Body Human systems and organs Musculoskeletal Skeletal system Bone Carpus Collar bone ( clavicle ) Thigh bone ( femur ) Fibula Humerus Mandible Metacarpus Metatarsus Ossicles Patella Phalanges Radius Skull Tarsus Tibia Ulna Rib Vertebra Pelvis Sternum Cartilage Joints Fibrous joint Cartilaginous joint Synovial joint Muscular system Muscle Tendon Diaphragm Circulatory system Cardiovascular system peripheral Artery Vein Lymphatic vessel Heart Lymphatic system primary Bone marrow Thymus secondary Spleen Lymph node CNS equivalent Glymphatic system Nervous system Brain Spinal cord Nerve Sensory system Ear Eye Integumentary system Skin Subcutaneous tissue Breast Mammary gland Immune system Myeloid Myeloid immune system Lymphoid Lymphoid immune system Respiratory system Upper Nose Nasopharynx Larynx Lower Trachea Bronchus Lung Digestive system Mouth Salivary gland Tongue upper GI Oropharynx Laryngopharynx Esophagus Stomach lower GI Small intestine Appendix Colon Rectum Anus accessory Liver Biliary tract Pancreas Urinary system Genitourinary system Kidney Ureter Bladder Urethra Reproductive system Female Uterus Vagina Vulva Ovary Placenta Male Scrotum Penis Prostate Testicle Seminal vesicle Endocrine system Pituitary Pineal Thyroid Parathyroid Adrenal Islets of Langerhans Physiology types Animals Fish physiology Human physiology Insect physiology Physiology of dinosaurs Plants Plant physiology Plant perception ( physiology ) Physiological plant disorders Cells Cell physiology Related topics Comparative physiology Electrophysiology Evolutionary physiology Molecular physiology Medicine Outline History Specialties and subspecialties Surgery Cardiac surgery Cardiothoracic surgery Colorectal surgery Eye surgery General surgery Neurosurgery Oral and maxillofacial surgery Orthopedic surgery Hand surgery Otolaryngology ( ENT ) Pediatric surgery Plastic surgery Reproductive surgery Surgical oncology Thoracic surgery Transplant surgery Trauma surgery Urology Andrology Vascular surgery Internal medicine Allergy / Immunology Angiology Cardiology Endocrinology Gastroenterology Hepatology Geriatrics Hematology Hospital medicine Infectious disease Nephrology Oncology Pulmonology Rheumatology Obstetrics and gynaecology Gynaecology Gynecologic oncology Maternal -- fetal medicine Obstetrics Reproductive endocrinology and infertility Urogynecology Diagnostic Radiology Interventional radiology Nuclear medicine Pathology Anatomical pathology Clinical pathology Clinical chemistry Clinical immunology Cytopathology Medical microbiology Transfusion medicine Other specialties Addiction medicine Adolescent medicine Anesthesiology Dermatology Disaster medicine Diving medicine Emergency medicine Mass - gathering medicine Family medicine General practice Hospital medicine Intensive - care medicine Medical genetics Neurology Clinical neurophysiology Occupational medicine Ophthalmology Oral medicine Pain management Palliative care Pediatrics Neonatology Physical medicine and rehabilitation ( PM&R ) Preventive medicine Psychiatry Public health Radiation oncology Reproductive medicine Sexual medicine Sleep medicine Sports medicine Transplantation medicine Tropical medicine Travel medicine Venereology Medical education Medical school Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery Bachelor of Medical Sciences Master of Medicine Master of Surgery Doctor of Medicine Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine MD -- PhD Related topics Allied health Dentistry Podiatry Physiotherapy Nanomedicine Molecular oncology Personalized medicine Veterinary medicine Physician Chief physician History of medicine Book NDL : 00574823 Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Human_body&oldid=813567160 '' Categories : Human physiology Human body Human anatomy Hidden categories : Use dmy dates from August 2017 Wikipedia indefinitely move - protected pages Articles to be expanded from September 2016 All articles to be expanded Articles using small message boxes All articles with unsourced statements Articles with unsourced statements from September 2016 Talk View source Contents About Wikipedia Wikiquote Ænglisc অসমীয়া বাংলা Bân - lâm - gú Български Català Čeština Cymraeg Deutsch Eesti Español Esperanto فارسی Français Gaeilge Galego 贛 語 ગુજરાતી 한국어 हिन्दी Bahasa Indonesia Iñupiak Íslenska Italiano עברית ಕನ್ನಡ Қазақша Kinyarwanda Kirundi Kiswahili Latviešu Magyar मराठी Мокшень Nederlands नेपाली 日本 語 ਪੰਜਾਬੀ पालि پنجابی Polski Português Română Русский Gagana Samoa Scots Shqip සිංහල Simple English سنڌي Slovenčina Slovenščina کوردی Српски / srpski Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски Tagalog தமிழ் Taqbaylit తెలుగు Türkçe Українська اردو Vepsän kel ' Tiếng Việt ייִדיש 粵語 Zazaki 中文 Edit links This page was last edited on 4 December 2017, at 03 : 05. 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Question: the study of the structure of the body is known as
Answer: anatomy