Walvis Bay - wikipedia Walvis Bay Walvis Bay Walvisbaai Walfischbucht City Walvis Bay May 2005 aerial photograph of the harbour area Coat of arms Nickname ( s ) : windwaai baai Motto ( s ) : In utrumque paratus ( Latin = Prepared for either ) Walvis Bay Location within Namibia Coordinates : 22 ° 57 ′ 22 '' S 14 ° 30 ′ 29 '' E ﻿ / ﻿ 22.95611 ° S 14.50806 ° E ﻿ / - 22.95611 ; 14.50806 Coordinates : 22 ° 57 ′ 22 '' S 14 ° 30 ′ 29 '' E ﻿ / ﻿ 22.95611 ° S 14.50806 ° E ﻿ / - 22.95611 ; 14.50806 Country Namibia Region Erongo Region Established 1840 Government Mayor Uilika Nambahu Area Total 1,124 km ( 434 sq mi ) Population ( 2011 ) Total 62,096 Time zone CAT ( UTC + 2 ) Climate BWk Walvis Bay ( Afrikaans Walvisbaai, German Walfischbucht or Walfischbai, all meaning `` Whale Bay '' ) is a city in Namibia and the name of the bay on which it lies. The town covers a total area of 29 square kilometres ( 11 sq mi ) of land. The bay is a safe haven for sea vessels because of its natural deepwater harbour, protected by the Pelican Point sand spit, being the only natural harbour of any size along the country 's coast. Being rich in plankton and marine life, these waters also drew large numbers of southern right whales, attracting whalers and fishing vessels. The Dutch referred to it as Walvisch Baye and the English as Whale Bay. In its eventual formal incorporation, it was named Walfish Bay, which was changed to Walvish Bay, and ultimately to Walvis Bay. It has also been referred to as Walwich Bay or Walwisch Bay. The Herero people of the area called it Ezorongondo. A succession of colonists developed the location and resources of this strategic harbour settlement. The harbour 's value in relation to the sea route around the Cape of Good Hope had caught the attention of world powers since it was discovered by the outside world in 1485. This explains the complicated political status of Walvis Bay down the years. The town is situated just north of the Tropic of Capricorn in the Kuiseb River delta and lies at the end of the TransNamib Railway to Windhoek, and on B2 road. Walvis Bay, with its large bay and sand dunes, is an important centre of tourism activity in Namibia. Attractions include the artificial Bird Island, centre of a guano collection industry, the Dune 7 sand dune, the salt works, the abundant birdlife, and a museum. Kuisebmund Stadium, home to two clubs in the Namibia Premier League, is also located in the city. The beach resort of Langstrand lies just a few kilometres north. The Walvis Bay Export Processing Zone is an important facet of the local economy. Contents 1 History 2 Geography 2.1 Climate 3 Politics 4 Culture 4.1 Entertainment and sport 5 Economy and infrastructure 5.1 Logistics 5.2 Fishing 6 Education 7 Twin towns -- sister cities 8 See also 9 Gallery 10 References 11 Further reading 12 External links History Map showing location of Walvis Bay and reference to South Africa before the handover to Namibia Portuguese navigator Diogo Cão reached Cape Cross, north of the bay, in 1485. There followed Bartolomeu Dias, who anchored his flagship São Cristóvão in what is now Walvis Bay on 8 December 1487, on his expedition to discover a sea route to the East via the Cape of Good Hope. He named the bay `` O Golfo de Santa Maria da Conceição. '' However, the Portuguese did not formally stake a claim to Walvis Bay. Little commercial development occurred on the site until the late 19th century. During the scramble for Africa, the British Empire occupied Walvis Bay with a small area surrounding the territory. They permitted the Cape Colony to complete the annexation of the territory in 1884, following initial steps which had been taken in 1878. In 1910, Walvis Bay, as part of the Cape Colony, became part of the newly formed Union of South Africa. Subsequently, a dispute arose with Germany over the exclave 's boundaries, which was eventually settled in 1911, with Walvis Bay being allocated an area of 1,124 square kilometres ( 434 sq mi ). Walvis Bay Church The exclave was overrun by the Germans during the South West Africa Campaign early in the First World War, but South African Forces eventually ousted the Germans in 1915. Subsequently, Walvis Bay was quickly integrated into the new martial law regime established in South West Africa. South Africa was later awarded control ( a Class `` C '' mandate ) over South West Africa by the League of Nations to administer the territory. Civilian rule was restored in South West Africa in 1921 and administration of Walvis Bay was transferred to South West Africa under the South West Africa Affairs Act of 1922. Despite the territory never having been part of German South West Africa, the Act stated that : `` the port and settlement of Walvis Bay, which forms part of the Cape of Good Hope, shall for judicial and administrative purposes be regarded as if it were part of the mandated territory of South West Africa ''. However, South Africa had also sought to annex South West Africa itself, and had presented such a proposal to the League of Nations. Consequently, in 1949, the Act was amended to give representation in the Parliament of South Africa to whites in South West Africa. In 1977, following increasing international pressure to relinquish its control over South West Africa, South Africa repealed the Act, but transferred control of Walvis Bay back to the Cape Province, thereby making it an exclave. From 1980, it was represented in both the Provincial Council and the House of Assembly as part of the Green Point constituency in Cape Town, before becoming a separate constituency in 1982. In response, the United Nations Security Council passed Resolution 432 ( 1978 ), which declared that `` the territorial integrity and unity of Namibia must be assured through the reintegration of Walvis Bay within its territory ''. In 1990, South West Africa gained independence as Namibia, but Walvis Bay remained under South African sovereignty, with South Africa increasing the number of troops. However, in 1992, the two countries agreed to establish a transitional Joint Administrative Authority for Walvis Bay and the Offshore Islands. The Authority was headed by two Chief Executive Officers, Nangolo Mbumba, then Secretary to the Namibian Cabinet, and Carl von Hirschberg, former South African Ambassador to the United Nations. In August 1993, prior to the end of apartheid, the Multiparty Negotiating Forum in South Africa passed a resolution calling for `` the incorporation - reintegration of Walvis Bay and the Off - Shore Islands into Namibia. '' The Transfer of Walvis Bay to Namibia Act was passed by the Parliament of South Africa that year. Following the signing of a treaty between the two countries, South Africa formally transferred sovereignty of Walvis Bay and the Penguin Islands to Namibia on 1 March 1994. Geography Climate Walvis Bay features the very rare mild variation of the desert climate ( BWn ) according to the Köppen climate classification. It is caused by the rain shadow of the Naukluft Mountains and the cooling effect of the coastal sea temperature by the Benguela Current. Walvis Bay receives only 13.2 millimetres ( 0.52 in ) average precipitation per year, making it one of the driest cities on earth. Despite its dry climate, the city is relatively humid. Average relative humidity throughout the year remains above 80 %. The warmest month is February with average temperature 17.9 ° C ( 64.2 ° F ), while the coolest months are August and September with average temperature 13.2 ° C ( 55.8 ° F ). The diurnal temperature range is also low, averaging only 5.7 ° C ( 10.2 ° F ). As one of the effects of manmade climate change, there has also been considerable warming at the airport in recent years. On 17 May 2015, the temperature at Rooikop near Walvis Bay International Airport reached 37.4 ° C. Climate data for Pelican Point, Walvis Bay ( 7 m ), Namibia ( 1958 - 1984 ) Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year Record high ° C ( ° F ) 25.3 ( 77.5 ) 26.4 ( 79.5 ) 34.5 ( 94.1 ) 35.0 ( 95 ) 36.0 ( 96.8 ) 32.5 ( 90.5 ) 32.9 ( 91.2 ) 33.4 ( 92.1 ) 31.3 ( 88.3 ) 27.5 ( 81.5 ) 28.3 ( 82.9 ) 25.5 ( 77.9 ) 36 ( 96.8 ) Average high ° C ( ° F ) 20.0 ( 68 ) 20.3 ( 68.5 ) 19.6 ( 67.3 ) 18.6 ( 65.5 ) 19.0 ( 66.2 ) 18.8 ( 65.8 ) 17.8 ( 64 ) 16.4 ( 61.5 ) 15.8 ( 60.4 ) 16.6 ( 61.9 ) 17.7 ( 63.9 ) 19.0 ( 66.2 ) 18.3 ( 64.9 ) Daily mean ° C ( ° F ) 17.6 ( 63.7 ) 17.9 ( 64.2 ) 17.2 ( 63 ) 15.7 ( 60.3 ) 15.6 ( 60.1 ) 15.2 ( 59.4 ) 14.1 ( 57.4 ) 13.2 ( 55.8 ) 13.2 ( 55.8 ) 14.0 ( 57.2 ) 15.3 ( 59.5 ) 16.6 ( 61.9 ) 15.5 ( 59.9 ) Average low ° C ( ° F ) 15.2 ( 59.4 ) 15.5 ( 59.9 ) 14.7 ( 58.5 ) 12.9 ( 55.2 ) 12.1 ( 53.8 ) 11.4 ( 52.5 ) 10.3 ( 50.5 ) 10.1 ( 50.2 ) 10.7 ( 51.3 ) 11.5 ( 52.7 ) 12.9 ( 55.2 ) 14.2 ( 57.6 ) 12.6 ( 54.7 ) Record low ° C ( ° F ) 10.5 ( 50.9 ) 9.2 ( 48.6 ) 10.5 ( 50.9 ) 8.5 ( 47.3 ) 7.0 ( 44.6 ) 5.0 ( 41 ) 3.4 ( 38.1 ) 4.4 ( 39.9 ) 6.1 ( 43 ) 5.0 ( 41 ) 8.5 ( 47.3 ) 9.6 ( 49.3 ) 3.4 ( 38.1 ) Average precipitation mm ( inches ) 1.0 ( 0.039 ) 2.0 ( 0.079 ) 5.0 ( 0.197 ) 1.0 ( 0.039 ) 1.0 ( 0.039 ) 2.0 ( 0.079 ) 0.0 ( 0 ) 0.2 ( 0.008 ) 0.1 ( 0.004 ) 0.1 ( 0.004 ) 0.7 ( 0.028 ) 0.1 ( 0.004 ) 13.2 ( 0.52 ) Average precipitation days ( ≥ 0.1 mm ) 0.6 0.8 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.0 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.6 0.4 6.2 Average relative humidity ( % ) 87 87 89 89 86 81 82 86 89 88 88 88 86.7 Mean monthly sunshine hours 232 189 211 237 251 231 236 220 189 226 210 214 2,646 Source # 1 : Deutscher Wetterdienst Source # 2 : Danish Meteorological Institute Politics Walvis Bay is governed by a municipal council that currently has ten seats. The 2015 local authority election was won by the SWAPO party which gained eight seats ( 5,818 votes ). One seat each was won by the Democratic Turnhalle Alliance ( DTA, 565 votes ) and the United Democratic Front ( UDF, 433 votes ). Culture Entertainment and sport ' The Raft ' a popular restaurant in Walvis Bay Walvis Bay contains open spaces, scenic beauty and unique marine and plant life. It is well suited for the outdoor lifestyle, boasting sports such as sandboarding, kiting, surfing, swimming, angling, sailing, golf and other indoor and outdoor sport codes. There is Walvis Bay Lagoon and Aquatic Activities, Kuiseb River Delta and the beach itself where people enjoy swimming and catching fish. The 2 - kilometre ( 1.2 - mile ) sand spit allows the adjacent water to remain smooth in very strong winds, ideal for record attempting vessels like that by the Vestas Sailrocket. The ocean - facing side of the sand spit includes a world - famous surf spot known in the international surf media as `` Skeleton Bay. '' It is home to Eleven Arrows F.C. and Blue Waters F.C., local football clubs that compete in the Namibia Premier League. The Sparta Cricket Club Ground is also located in Walvis Bay. Economy and Infrastructure Logistics Walvis Bay is an important logistical port for the southern African region, providing port facilities for the import and export of cargo for the rest of Namibia, Zambia, Democratic Republic of Congo, and Botswana. Since the year 2000 when the Walvis Bay Corridor Group ( WBCG ) was established, cargo moving through the port has increased from 30,000 containers a year to 370,000 containers in 2016. As of 2017 the port was being upgraded to increase its capacity to move 1 million containers a year by 2019. Bureaucratic and logistical problems at the city 's competitor port at Durban, South Africa have diverted traffic to the port at Walvis Bay. Ninety - five percent of all cargo hauled overland through Walvis Bay is carried by truck. Fishing In Walvis Bay there are different fishing companies like Hangana Seafood, Caroline Fishing, Benguella Fishing Company, Cadilu Fishing, Etosha Fisheries, Kuiseb Fishing Enterprises, Blue Ocean Products, Benguella Sea Products, Consortium Fisheries, Talanam Fish Processor. These companies catch different types of fish like snoek, horse mackerel, anchovy, white steenbras, kabeljou, kingklip, hake, catfish, tuna and sardines. Hangana Seafood are processors and exporters of fish and fish products. As such, the fishing enterprise accounts for a major part of Walvis Bay 's economy. Education Walvis Bay has a number of public ( government - run ), semi-public, and private schools. Among them are Duneside High School, Duinesig Primary School, International School of Walvis Bay, The Dolphin Schools, Alexanders Private School, Kuisebmond Secondary School, Walvis Bay Private High School and others. A number of kindergartens cater to young children. The Namibian Maritime and Fisheries Institute ( NAMFI ) is a tertiary education institution based in town. International University of Management ( IUM ) and Monitronics Success College both have branches in Walvis Bay. Twin towns -- sister cities Walvis Bay is twinned with : Lobatse in Botswana Drakenstein in South Africa Kristiansand in Norway. See also Walvis Bay Airport SAS Walvisbaai Gallery Wikimedia Commons has media related to Walvis Bay. Watching humpback whale in Walvis Bay Heaviside 's dolphins jumping off Walvis Bay Cape fur seals hauling site Great white pelican Lesser flamingos References Jump up ^ `` Table 4.2. 2 Urban population by Census years ( 2001 and 2011 ) '' ( PDF ). Namibia 2011 -- Population and Housing Census Main Report. Namibia Statistics Agency. p. 39. Retrieved 24 August 2016. Jump up ^ `` Local Authorities ''. Association of Local Authorities in Namibia ( ALAN ). Retrieved 1 October 2012. Jump up ^ `` ELECTIONS 2010 : Erongo regional profile ''. New Era. 16 November 2010. Jump up ^ Southern Right Whale, Eubalaena australis, The Namibian Dolphin Project Jump up ^ Narrative of a voyage to the South Seas Charles Medyett Goodridge, Hamilton and Adams, 1832, page 16 Jump up ^ The World of Waters or A Peaceful Progress o'er the Unpathed Sea, Fanny Osborne, R. Carter, 1852, page 337 Jump up ^ Windhoek ? ! Rather make that Otjomuise Werner Menges, The Namibian, 12 May 2005 Jump up ^ Foundations of the Portuguese Empire, 1415 -- 1580, Diffie Bailey University of Minnesota Press, 1977, page 156 Jump up ^ Historical Dictionary of European Imperialism, James Stuart Olson, Robert Shadle, Greenwood Publishing Group, 1991, page 170 Jump up ^ Às portas da Índia em 1484, Abel Fontoura Costa, Imprensa da Armada, 1935, page 31 ^ Jump up to : Succession of States and Namibian territories, Y. Makonnen in Recueil Des Cours, 1986 : Collected Courses of the Hague Academy of International Law, Academie de Droit International de la Haye, Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 1987, page 213 Jump up ^ Debates of Parliament, Hansard, Volume 9, Issues 19 - 21, Government Printer, 1993, page 10179 ^ Jump up to : Walvis Bay : exclave no more, Ieuan Griffiths, Geography, Vol. 79, No. 4 ( October 1994 ), page 354 Jump up ^ The War in Africa, David Killingray in A Companion to World War I, John Horne, John Wiley & Sons, 2012, page 119 Jump up ^ Biennial Conference : Papers nos. 33 - 59, African Studies Association of the UK, 1996, page 5 Jump up ^ The Namibian War of Independence, 1966 - 1989 : Diplomatic, Economic and Military Campaigns, Richard Dale McFarland, 2014, page 67 Jump up ^ Strategic territory and territorial strategy : the geopolitics of Walvis Bay 's reintegration into Namibia, David Simon, Namibian Economic Policy Research Unit, 1995, page 8 Jump up ^ Official Documents of the 4th Session of the United Nations General Assembly, United Nations, 1949, page 11 Jump up ^ The Green and the dry wood : The Roman Catholic Church ( Vicariate of Windhoek ) and the Namibian socio - political situation, 1971 - 1981, Oblates of Mary Immaculate, 1983, page 6 Jump up ^ Sub-Saharan Africa Report, Issues 2578 - 2584, Foreign Broadcast Information Service., 1982, page 48 Jump up ^ `` Resolution 432 ( 1978 ) of 27 July 1978 '' ( PDF ). un.org. Retrieved 3 April 2018. Jump up ^ Namibia Nears Freedom, But S. Africa Tugs On Its Lifeline, David Zucchino, Philadelphia Inquirer, January 14, 1990 Jump up ^ Namibia Yearbook, Issue 3, pages 18 Jump up ^ Country Report : Botswana, Namibia, Swaziland, Lesotho, Economist Intelligence Unit, 1992, page 13 Jump up ^ Pretoria to quit Walvis Bay : Multi-party body 's policy breakthrough, The Independent, 17 August 1993 Jump up ^ No. 203 of 1993 : Transfer of Walvis Bay to Namibia Act, 1993. Archived 23 February 2016 at the Wayback Machine. Jump up ^ `` Treaty between the Government of the Republic of South Africa and the Government of the Republic of Namibia with respect to Walvis Bay and the off - shore Islands, 28 February 1994 '' ( PDF ). un.org. Retrieved 3 April 2018. Jump up ^ S.L., Tutiempo Network,. `` Climate Walvis Bay, Rooikop - Climate data ( 681040 ) ''. www.tutiempo.net. Retrieved 3 April 2018. Jump up ^ `` Klimatafel von Pelican Point / Walfisch - Bucht / Namibia '' ( PDF ). Federal Ministry of Transport and Digital Infrastructure. Retrieved 4 November 2016. Jump up ^ `` STATIONSNUMMER 68104 '' ( PDF ). Ministry of Energy, Utilities and Climate. Archived from the original on 16 January 2013. Retrieved 4 November 2016. CS1 maint : BOT : original - url status unknown ( link ) Jump up ^ `` Know Your Local Authority ''. Election Watch ( 3 ). Institute for Public Policy Research. 2015. p. 4. Jump up ^ `` Local elections results ''. Electoral Commission of Namibia. 28 November 2015. p. 2. Archived from the original on 10 December 2015. Jump up ^ `` The Speedspot ''. Vestas Sailrocket., `` Walvis Bay Yacht Club ''. google maps. Jump up ^ The World 's Seven Longest Waves, Surf Europe, 21 July 2015 Jump up ^ `` Sparta Cricket Club Ground ''. Cricket Archive. Retrieved 6 October 2016. Jump up ^ Dall, Nick. `` Is This Country the New Commercial Gateway to Southern Africa ? ''. OZY. Retrieved 2017 - 09 - 06. Jump up ^ `` About us ''. Namibian Maritime and Fisheries Institute. 2008. Jump up ^ Walvis strengthens ties with Drakenstein and Lobatse, Adam Hartman, The Namibian, 8 November 2011 Further reading Silverman, Melinda : Between the Atlantic and the Namib. An Environmental History of Walvis Bay, NWG, Windhoek 2004 -- Namibiana Buchdepot de Beer, Charles : Namibia Marine Life, @ tidude Graphix, Swakopmund o.J. -- Namibiana Buchdepot Heemstra, Phillip ; Smith, Margaret M. : Smith 's Sea Fishes, Struik Publishers, Cape Town 2003 Bridgeford, P. and M. : Cape Cross, Walvis Bay 2002 -- Namibiana Buchdepot Vogt, Andreas : National Monuments in Namibia, Gamsberg Macmillan, Windhoek 2004 -- Namibiana Buchdepot External links Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Walvis Bay. Media related to Walvisbay at Wikimedia Commons Images from Walvis Bay Walvis Bay City Council Walvis Bay Airport Information Transfer of Walvis Bay To Namibia Act, 1993 Namibia 's Walvis Bay Issue -- Origin and Rise of a Colonial Dispute ( 1992 ) Prime Minister Vorster Speaks on Walvis Bay, Associated Press, 30 July 1978 Namibia Reclaims Walvis Bay, Associated Press, 28 February 1994 VIAF : 153543152 GND : 4280602 - 1 Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Walvis_Bay&oldid=836916367 '' Categories : Cities in Namibia Populated coastal places in Namibia History of South Africa Walvis Bay Port cities in Africa Former British colonies and protectorates in Africa Ramsar sites in Namibia Populated places in the Erongo Region Former exclaves Port cities and towns of the Atlantic Ocean Populated places established in 1840 1840 establishments in the British Empire 1840 establishments in Africa Hidden categories : Webarchive template wayback links CS1 maint : BOT : original - url status unknown EngvarB from August 2014 Use dmy dates from August 2014 Coordinates on Wikidata Articles containing potentially dated statements from November 2015 All articles containing potentially dated statements Commons category with local link different than on Wikidata Wikipedia articles with VIAF identifiers Wikipedia articles with GND identifiers Talk Contents About Wikipedia Wikivoyage Afrikaans Беларуская Български Буряад Català Čeština ChiShona Dansk Deutsch Eesti Español Esperanto Euskara Français 한국어 हिन्दी Hrvatski Bahasa Indonesia Íslenska Italiano עברית ქართული Kiswahili Lietuvių Magyar Nederlands 日本 語 Nordfriisk Norsk Polski Português Română Русский Scots Slovenščina Српски / srpski Suomi Svenska Türkçe Українська Tiếng Việt 中文 34 more Edit links This page was last edited on 17 April 2018, at 16 : 39. 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Question: when did walvis bay become part of namibia
Answer: 1 March 1994