Big four ( banking ) - wikipedia Big four ( banking ) This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. ( November 2016 ) The Big Four is the colloquial name for the four main banks in several countries, where the banking industry is dominated by just four institutions and where the phrase has gained currency. Contents 1 International use 2 Australia / New Zealand 3 Belgium 4 Brazil 5 Canada 6 China 7 Czech Republic 8 Finland 9 France 10 Germany 11 Greece 12 Hong Kong 13 Hungary 14 India 15 Ireland 16 Italy 17 Japan 18 Lebanon 19 Luxembourg 20 Netherlands 21 Nigeria 22 Pakistan 23 Portugal 24 Romania 25 Singapore 26 South Africa 27 South Korea 28 Spain 29 Sweden 30 Thailand 31 United Kingdom 32 United States 33 Vietnam 34 References International use Internationally, the term `` Big Four Banks '' has traditionally referred to the following central banks : The Federal Reserve The Bank of England The Bank of Japan The European Central Bank Australia / New Zealand See also : Banking in Australia In Australia, the `` big four banks '' refers to the four largest banks by market share, who between them hold 80 % of the home loan markets in the country. In 2012, their combined total asset is A $ 2.66 trillion, which is about 200 % of Australian GDP in 2011. In order of total assets, these are : National Australia Bank ( NAB ) Commonwealth Bank ( CBA ) ( was owned by Australian Government up to 1996 ) Australia and New Zealand Banking Group ( ANZ ) Westpac ( WBC ) A longstanding policy of the federal government in Australia has been to maintain this status quo, called the `` four pillars policy ''. The policy has been maintained through the Global Recession of 2008 -- 09, as Westpac acquired St. George Bank and the Commonwealth Bank acquired Bankwest, reinforcing the special status of the `` big four ''. Being New Zealand 's closest neighbour, with very close ties culturally and economically, has helped Australia dominate the banking sector there. Often referred to collectively as the ' big banks ' or the ' big Aussie banks ', the `` Big Four '' Australian banks also dominate the New Zealand banking sector in the form of : Australia and New Zealand Banking Group, or ANZ, also comprising the former business of The National Bank. ASB Bank, formerly Auckland Savings Bank, wholly owned by the Commonwealth Bank The Bank of New Zealand ( BNZ ), wholly owned by the National Australia Bank Westpac, formerly known as WestpacTrust after a merger with the Trust Bank. Together they hold over 90 % of gross loans and advances in New Zealand as well as close to 90 % of all mortgages. These four subsidiaries are massively profitable and in some cases even outperform the Australian parent company. The extent to which they dominate the banking sector can be seen in profits : In the 2012 / 2013 financial year, the largest of the Big Banks, ANZ New Zealand, made a profit of NZ $1.37 billion. The smallest, BNZ, made a profit of NZ $695 million. State - owned Kiwibank, community trust - owned TSB Bank, SBS Bank ( formerly Southland Building Society ) and Heartland Bank, the next four largest banks by profit, made NZ $97 million, NZ $73.5 million, NZ $14 million and NZ $7 million ( albeit with an underlying result of about NZ $30 million ) respectively. In other words, the profit of New Zealand 's next four largest banks ( after the Big Four ) is equal to less than 30 % of the smallest of the Big Four, BNZ. Belgium The `` Big Four '' banks of Belgium are a result of national - and international mergers in the early 90s. Belfius, government owned bank BNP Paribas Fortis, subsidiary of BNP Paribas ING Bank, subsidiary of the ING Group KBC Bank, including its CBC Banque subsidiary in the French Community of Belgium and KBC Brussels brand in the Brussels - Capital Region Brazil In Brazil, the `` big four '', according to Exame Magazine in 2016 : Name Description Year Net Assets Banco do Brasil Largest Government owned Bank 2016 BRL 1.443 trillion Caixa Econômica Federal State Owned Bank 2016 BRL 1.242 trillion Itaú Unibanco Largest Private Bank 2016 BRL 1,204 trillion Banco Bradesco Private Bank 2016 BRL 0.924 trillion Canada See also : Big Five ( banks ) The term `` Big Five '' is used instead of four, with five banks dominating the Canadian banking world. The operation of Canadian banks include retail banking, mutual funds, insurance, credit cards, and brokerage activities. In addition, they have large international subsidiaries operated through subsidiaries ( i.e. CIBC FirstCaribbean International Bank, and TD Bank, N.A. ). The Canadian banking operations of the Big Five are largely conducted out of each parent company, unlike U.S. banks that use a holding company structure to hold their primary retail banking subsidiaries. The Big Five include : Royal Bank of Canada Toronto - Dominion Bank Bank of Nova Scotia Bank of Montreal Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce China See also : Banking in China During the 1920s, the term `` Big Four '' applied to the Four Northern Banks of the Republic of China ( i.e. the four most capitalized commercial banks in Northern China ). These were the Yien Yieh Commercial Bank, the Kincheng Banking Corporation, the Continental Bank and The China & South Sea Bank. These were contrasted with the Three Southern Banks of Southern China. By 1949, the Big Four banks were the Bank of China, the Bank of Communications, the Central Bank of China and the Farmers Bank of China. All four were state - owned banks. These four, together with Central Trust of China, Postal Savings and Remittance Bureau of China, Central Cooperative Treasury of China, were called the `` Four Banks, Two Bureaus, One Treasury '' or `` 四 行 两 局 一 库 ''. In the People 's Republic of China, the Big Four state - owned commercial banks ( `` 四 大 国有 商业 银行 '' ) are : Industrial and Commercial Bank of China Bank of China China Construction Bank Agricultural Bank of China and have been described as such in the Western press. All four are state - controlled banks with commercial banking operations. Czech Republic In Czech Republic, according to R. Pazderník, the `` big four '' are : Česká spořitelna, Československá obchodní banka, Komerční banka, and Investiční a poštovní banka. Finland The biggest banks in Finland are : Osuuspankki ( fully Finnish ), Nordea ( predominantly Swedish ), Danske Bank, the fourth place is a tie between Aktia, S - pankki and Ålandsbanken. Finland does not follow the Big 4 model so much as a model of 3 Major + 3 minor. France BNP Paribas Crédit Agricole Société Générale BPCE Germany In Germany, the largest four banks are : Deutsche Bank Commerzbank KfW DZ Bank Greece In Greece, after a series of mergers and acquisitions following the Greek government - debt crisis, the sector has concentrated with the below 4 banks controlling more than 90 % of the market. National Bank of Greece Piraeus Bank Alpha Bank Eurobank Ergasias In 2013 the National Bank of Greece attempted to acquire Eurobank Ergasias but later the plan was abandoned. Hong Kong The Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation Bank of China ( Hong Kong ) Hang Seng Bank Standard Chartered Hong Kong Hungary OTP Bank UniCredit K&H Bank Raiffeisen Bank ( Hungary ) India In India, the largest four banks are : State Bank of India HDFC Bank ICICI Bank Punjab National Bank Ireland In Ireland, the term `` big four '' applies to the four largest banks by market capitalisation. These all operate in both the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland, and have a wider international presence ; these banks also issue banknotes in Northern Ireland. Bank of Ireland Allied Irish Banks ( operates as First Trust Bank in Northern Ireland ) Danske Bank ( also operates as Danske Bank in Northern Ireland ) - Irish Branch of Danske Bank A / S since 2007. Ulster Bank - Subsidiary of The Royal Bank of Scotland Group since 2000 / 2001 Ever since Danske Bank has phased out its personal banking services, it has been suggested that either KBC Ireland or Permanent TSB could replace, in the medium - term, Danske Bank in the `` Big Four '' ranking. Italy In Italy the term `` big four '' is not explicitly used. As of 2017, the four largest banks by total assets are : Banca Monte dei Paschi di Siena Banco BPM Intesa Sanpaolo UniCredit Japan In Japan, the `` big four '' are : Mitsubishi UFJ Financial Group Sumitomo Mitsui Financial Group Mizuho Financial Group Japan Post Bank However, a widely cited grouping is the three `` megabanks, '' which include only the first three listed above. Lebanon In Lebanon, where the banks have retained their banking secrecy laws since 1956, which is prevalent in the whole MENA region, and while adopting international measures to fight money laundering, the `` big four '' banks consist of : Audi Saradar Bank ( founded in 1830 and ranked on the Forbes Magazine Global 2000 list of largest public companies in the world in 2016 ) Byblos Bank ( founded in 1950 as `` Société Commerciale et Agricole Byblos Bassil Frères & Co. '' ) BLOM Bank : Banque du Liban et d'Outre - Mer S.A.L ( founded in 1951 ) Fransabank ( founded in 1921 as Société Centrale de Banque ) Furthermore, as of September 2016, there are more than 51 banks in Lebanon, one of the smallest countries in the middle east, the fact that has always made investors from the Arab countries, especially the GCC petrodollar in addition to the European and world investors, to place their funds in the Lebanese banks. Luxembourg The big four full - service in Luxembourg are : Banque et Caisse d'Épargne de l'État ( Spuerkeess ), state owned bank Banque Internationale à Luxembourg, BGL BNP Paribas ING Luxembourg It should be noted that there are bigger banks in Luxembourg, but these only deliver a limited number of services such as investment banking, private banking or corporate banking only. Luxembourg is a financial center. Netherlands The `` big four '' banks in the Netherlands by market concentration are : ING Group Rabobank ABN AMRO de Volksbank, state owned banking arm of SNS Reaal It should be noted that the market leader for the Netherlands, ING Group, is one of the largest multinational banking and financial service corporations in the world, with products and services reaching over 41 countries worldwide. Nigeria The term `` Big Five '' is used instead of four, with five banks dominating the Nigerian banking world. In 2011, these top five banks had a combined balance sheet, including contingents, of 12.9 trillion naira ( $821 billion ), 33 percent higher than the prior year. Zenith Bank First Bank of Nigeria Guaranty Trust Bank Access Bank United Bank for Africa ( UBA ) Pakistan The `` top five '' banks of Pakistan are : Habib Bank MCB Bank Limited National Bank of Pakistan United Bank Allied Bank Limited Portugal In Portugal, the `` big four '' are : Banco Comercial Português Banco Português de Investimento Caixa Geral de Depósitos ( state - owned ) Novo Banco ( former Banco Espírito Santo ) Romania Banca Comercială Română ( of the Erste Group ) BRD -- Groupe Société Générale Banca Transilvania Raiffeisen Bank Singapore DBS Bank OCBC Bank United Overseas Bank South Africa In South Africa, the `` big four '' are : Standard Bank ( Not at all related to Standard Chartered Bank ) FirstRand Bank ( operators of First National Bank ) Nedbank - owned by Old Mutual. Barclays Africa Group Limited trading as ABSA ( also capitalised as Absa ) - majority owned by Barclays since 2005 ; remainder owned by the public. South Korea In South Korea, the term `` Big Five '', is used as opposed to four. The `` big five '' are : KB Kookmin Bank Nonghyup Bank Shinhan Bank Woori Bank Hana Bank Spain In Spain, the `` big four '' are : Bankia ( Bank of Madrid and Valencia ) BBVA ( Bank of Bilbao and Biscay ) Caixabank ( Bank of Barcelona and Seville ) Santander Sweden In Sweden, the `` big four '' are : Nordea Bank AB Skandinaviska Enskilda Banken AB Svenska Handelsbanken AB Swedbank AB Thailand before Siamese Revolution the banking system are control by foreign power particularly the `` big four '' European bank The Hongkong and Shanghai Bank in 1888 ( Now HSBC ) The Chartered Bank of India, Australia and China in 1894 ( Now Standard Chartered Bank Thailand ) Banque de l'Indochine in 1897 ( Now Banque Calyon, a subsidiary of Crédit Agricole ) Mercantile Bank of India in 1923 ( Now Citibank Thailand, a subsidiary of Citigroup ) in 2014, the `` big four '' Bank Together they hold over 66 % of gross loans and controlling more than 67 % of total assets in banking system Bangkok Bank Siam Commercial Bank Krung Thai Bank Kasikornbank United Kingdom In relation to the United Kingdom, the phrase `` big four banks '' is currently used to refer to the four largest UK - based banking groups, being : Barclays ; HSBC ; Lloyds Banking Group ; and The Royal Bank of Scotland Group. Until 1970, the phrase `` big five banks '' was used to refer to the five largest UK clearing banks ( institutions which clear bankers ' cheques ), which in England and Wales were : Barclays Bank ( now part of Barclays ) ; Midland Bank ( now HSBC Bank and part of HSBC ) ; Lloyds Bank ( now part of Lloyds Banking Group ) ; National Provincial Bank and Westminster Bank After the merger of Westminster Bank and National Provincial Bank to form NatWest ( now part of The Royal Bank of Scotland Group ) in 1970, the term `` big four '' was used. In Scotland the `` big four '' were : The Royal Bank of Scotland ( `` RBS '' ) ( part of The Royal Bank of Scotland Group ) ; Bank of Scotland ( part of Lloyds Banking Group ) ; Clydesdale Bank ( part of CYBG plc ) ; and Trustee Savings Bank ( `` TSB '' ) ( now part of TSB ). United States In the United States, the `` big four '' banks hold 39 % of all U.S. customer deposits ( as of 2015 ), and consist of : JPMorgan Chase ( headquartered in New York, New York, bank chartered in Columbus, Ohio ) Bank of America ( headquartered and bank chartered in Charlotte, North Carolina ) Citigroup ( headquartered in New York, New York, bank chartered in Sioux Falls, South Dakota ) Wells Fargo ( headquartered in San Francisco, California, bank chartered in Sioux Falls, South Dakota ) From a retail banking perspective, U.S. Bancorp ( headquarters in Minneapolis, Minnesota / bank charter Cincinnati, Ohio ) and PNC Financial Services ( headquarters in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania / bank charter Wilmington, Delaware ) both have significantly more branches than Citibank, the retail banking arm of Citigroup. However, Citibank still has significantly more assets than U.S. Bancorp and PNC. Vietnam In Vietnam, the `` big four '' banks by total assets are four commercial banks : Agribank BIDV VietinBank Vietcombank References Jump up ^ Adler, Lee. `` The Big Four Central Banks Muddy The Same Sea of Liquidity ''. WolfStreet.com. Retrieved 3 March 2015. Jump up ^ `` Top 4 Banks dominating the global economy ''. Investopedia. Retrieved 13 June 2017. Jump up ^ `` Big four banks lower fixed rates ''. ABC News. ^ Jump up to : Parker, Tamsyn. NZ 's big banks record $3.5 b profit, The New Zealand Herald, November 5, 2013. Accessed April 14, 2014. Jump up ^ Gray, Jamie. NZ 's big banks under pressure, The New Zealand Herald, August 5, 2011. Accessed April 14, 2014. Jump up ^ `` Big Four banks ' New Zealand profit up ''. Stuff. Jump up ^ http://www.kpmg.com/NZ/en/IssuesAndInsights/ArticlesPublications/FIPS-quarterly/Documents/KPMG-FIPS-Quarterly-June-2013.pdf Jump up ^ `` Kiwibank has the largest mortgage market share percentage growth in 2011 ; ANZ NZ adds the most volume ''. interest.co.nz. Jump up ^ Westpac NZ outperforms Australian parent, The New Zealand Herald, August 16, 2011. Accessed April 14, 2014. Jump up ^ Weir, James. Kiwibank lifts profit as customer base expands Jump up ^ TSB profit rises despite mortgage market competition, Radio New Zealand, May 31, 2013. Accessed April 14, 2014. Jump up ^ `` SBS Bank lifts annual net profit nearly 22 % ''. Radio New Zealand. 26 June 2013. Jump up ^ `` Heartland sees core growth ''. Radio New Zealand. 26 August 2013. Jump up ^ http://exame.abril.com.br/negocios/os-20-maiores-bancos-do-brasil-em-valor-de-ativos Jump up ^ `` A History of Modern Shanghai Banking ''. Jump up ^ Yao Sui : Chinese Finance History, High Education Publisher in 2007, Beijing. ( in Chinese : 《 中国 金融 史 》, 姚 遂 主编, 高等 教育 出版 社, 2007 年版 ) Jump up ^ Li, C., China 's Centralized Industrial Order ( Abingdon - on - Thames : Routledge, 2015 ), pp. 126 -- 147. Jump up ^ Pazderník, R., Banking supervision in transition : Czech experience 1990 - 2000 ( master 's thesis, 2003 ), Charles University, Prague. Jump up ^ `` Anglo Irish Bank Corporation ( Executive Summary ) ''. SME Financial. Archived from the original on 2011 - 05 - 04. Retrieved 2012 - 01 - 17... The only banks with higher market capitalisation were Allied Irish Banks ( AIB ) and Bank of Ireland, both with strong retail and commercial presences. Ulster Bank and National Irish Bank are the other members of the ' Big Four ' retail and commercial banks, both owned by overseas parents and not listed on the Irish Stock Exchange Jump up ^ Hardiman, Cyril ( 12 February 2005 ). `` ' Big Four ' Northern banks face probe on pricing and competition claims ''. Irish Independent. Retrieved 2012 - 01 - 22. Jump up ^ `` Cross-Border Personal Banking in Ireland '' ( PDF ). Centre for Cross-Border Studies. Retrieved 2012 - 01 - 22. Jump up ^ `` Current Banknotes : : Current Banknotes ''. www.acbi.org.uk. Retrieved 2016 - 11 - 09. Jump up ^ Ryan, Susan. AIB 's First Trust refunds £ 350,000 to customers over fee error, Business ETC, November 30, 2011. Accessed April 14, 2014. Jump up ^ `` Northern Bank to close four branches ''. BBC News. 16 January 2012. Retrieved 17 January 2012. Jump up ^ `` Japan 's Biggest Banks See Profit Declining in Second Half ''. Bloomberg. Retrieved 29 April 2015. Jump up ^ Nakano, M., Financial Crisis and Bank Management in Japan ( 1997 to 2016 ) ( London : Palgrave Macmillan, 2016 ), p. 128. Jump up ^ `` Top Lebanese Banks by Assets ''. Jump up ^ `` Luxembourg Banking Insights 2015 '' ( PDF ). pwc. Retrieved 17 December 2016. Jump up ^ `` Nederlandse Bankensector `` ( dutch ) '' ``. Banken.nl. Retrieved 10 January 2017. Jump up ^ `` Products and Services ''. ING Group. Retrieved 10 January 2017. Jump up ^ `` Business : The 5 Biggest Banks in Nigeria ''. Ventures Africa. 16 August 2012. Retrieved 28 August 2017. Jump up ^ `` The top five banks in Pakistan ''. Jump up ^ `` CGD, BCP, BES e BPI reúnem - se com a Comissão Europeia ( portuguese ) ''. tvi24.pt. Jump up ^ `` Banks and foreign exchange in SA ''. SouthAfrica.info. Brand South Africa. Retrieved 28 June 2012. Jump up ^ `` Los cuatro grandes, más fuertes que nunca ( The big four, stronger than ever ) ( spanish ) ''. ABC.es. Jump up ^ Östlund, Carl - Viggo. `` Kunderna gisslan hos storbankerna ( The customers held hostage by the big banks ) ( swedish ) ''. Aftonbladet.se. Archived from the original on 2013 - 04 - 18. Jump up ^ Fitch Affirms Thailand 's 4 Largest Banks https://www.reuters.com/article/idUSFit92350320150522 Jump up ^ http://www.globalcapital.com/article/n8tmrr98r7kn/foreign-banks-consider-branching-into-thai-banking Jump up ^ Kar - Gupta, Sudip. UK banks prepare for inevitable shake - up, Reuters, September 1, 2011. Accessed April 14, 2014. Jump up ^ Kar - Gupta, Sudip. UK to prioritise taxpayers as bank shake - up looms, Reuters, April 10, 2011. Accessed. April 14, 2014. Jump up ^ The Big Four by D Rogers Jump up ^ `` Citigroup posts 4th straight loss ; Merrill loss widens ''. USA Today. Associated Press. October 16, 2008. Retrieved December 17, 2009. Jump up ^ Temple, James ; The Associated Press ( November 18, 2008 ). `` Bay Area job losses likely in Citigroup layoffs ''. The San Francisco Chronicle. Archived from the original on 5 December 2009. Retrieved December 17, 2009. Jump up ^ `` Banks Ranked by Number of Branches ''. Jump up ^ `` Banks Ranked by Total Assets ''. Commercial and retail banks in the United Kingdom Banking in the United Kingdom Barclays Barclays Bank Barclays Wealth CYBG Clydesdale Bank Yorkshire Bank HSBC Holdings First Direct HSBC Bank HSBC Private Bank M&S Bank Lloyds Banking Group Bank of Scotland Bank of Wales Birmingham Midshires Halifax Lloyds Bank Royal Bank of Scotland Group Adam and Company Child & Co. Coutts & Co. Drummonds Bank NatWest Royal Bank of Scotland Ulster Bank Isle of Man Bank Santander Group Cahoot Cater Allen Santander UK Wholly state - owned National Savings and Investments UK Financial Investments UK Asset Resolution Bradford & Bingley NRAM Other Al Rayan Bank Aldermore Allied Irish Bank ( GB ) First Trust Bank Arbuthnot Latham & Co Secure Trust Bank Atom Bank Bank and Clients Bank of Ireland Butterfield Bank Cambridge & Counties Bank C. Hoare & Co Close Brothers Group The Co-operative Bank Smile Danske Bank Duncan Lawrie Handelsbanken Harrods Bank Julian Hodge Bank Kingdom Bank Kleinwort Hambros Metro Bank Monzo OneSavings Bank Post Office Money Raphaels Bank Reliance Bank Revolut NM Rothschild & Sons Sainsbury 's Bank Shawbrook Bank Standard Chartered Starling Bank Tandem Tesco Bank Triodos Bank TSB Unity Trust Bank Virgin Money `` Big Four '' banks are underlined and private banks are shown in italics 73 % owned by UKFI Mortgage assets only Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Big_Four_(banking)&oldid=801906625 '' Categories : Banks Lists of banks Hidden categories : All articles with dead external links Articles with dead external links from November 2016 Articles with permanently dead external links Articles needing additional references from November 2016 All articles needing additional references All articles with unsourced statements Articles with unsourced statements from November 2016 Talk Contents About Wikipedia Deutsch فارسی Bahasa Indonesia 日本 語 ไทย 中文 Edit links This page was last edited on 22 September 2017, at 17 : 54. 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Question: who owns the big four banks in australia
Answer: Australia and New Zealand Banking Group (ANZ)