The Prince and the Pauper - wikipedia The Prince and the Pauper For other uses, see The Prince and the Pauper ( disambiguation ). The Prince and the Pauper First US edition Author Mark Twain Country United States Language English Subject Edward VI of England Genre Realistic fiction Children 's literature Publisher James R. Osgood & Co. Publication date 1881 The pauper and Prince Edward as imagined in 1899 The Prince and the Pauper is a novel by American author Mark Twain. It was first published in 1881 in Canada, before its 1882 publication in the United States. The novel represents Twain 's first attempt at historical fiction. Set in 1547, it tells the story of two young boys who are identical in appearance : Tom Canty, a pauper who lives with his abusive father in Offal Court off Pudding Lane in London, and Prince Edward, son of King Henry VIII. Contents 1 Plot 2 Themes 3 History 4 Adaptations 4.1 Theater 4.2 Comics 4.3 Film 4.4 Television 4.5 Video games 5 See also 6 References 7 External links Plot Tom Canty, youngest son of a poor family living in Offal Court located in London, has always aspired to a better life, encouraged by the local priest, who has taught him to read and write. Loitering around the palace gates one day, he meets Edward Tudor, the Prince of Wales. Coming too close in his intense excitement, Tom is nearly caught and beaten by the Royal Guards. However, Edward stops them and invites Tom into his palace chamber. There, the two boys get to know one another. Fascinated by each other 's life and their uncanny resemblance to each other and learning they were even born on the same day, they decide to switch places `` temporarily. '' The Prince momentarily goes outside, quickly hiding an article of national importance, which the reader later learns is the Great Seal of England, but dressed as Tom, he is not recognized by the guards, who drive him from the palace, and he eventually finds his way through the streets to the Canty home. There, he is subjected to the brutality of Tom 's alcoholic and abusive father, from whom he manages to escape, and meets one Miles Hendon, a soldier and nobleman returning from war. Although Miles does not believe Edward 's claims to royalty, he humors him and becomes his protector. Meanwhile, news reaches them that King Henry VIII has died and Edward is now the King. Tom, dressed as Edward, tries to cope with court customs and manners. His fellow nobles and palace staff think the prince has an illness, which has caused memory loss and fear he will go mad. They repeatedly ask him about the missing Great Seal of England, but he knows nothing about it. However, when Tom is asked to sit in on judgments, his common - sense observations reassure them his mind is sound. As Edward experiences the brutal life of a London pauper firsthand, he becomes aware of the stark class inequality in England. In particular, he sees the harsh, punitive nature of the English judicial system where people are burned at the stake, pilloried, and flogged. He realizes that the accused are convicted on flimsy evidence and human branding -- or hanged -- for petty offenses, and vows to reign with mercy when he regains his rightful place. When Edward unwisely declares to a gang of thieves that he is the King and will put an end to unjust laws, they assume he is insane and hold a mock coronation. After a series of adventures - including a stint in prison, Edward interrupts the coronation as Tom is about to be crowned as King. The nobles are shocked at their resemblance, and refuse to believe that Edward is the rightful King wearing Tom 's clothes until he produces the Great Seal of England that he hid before leaving the palace. Edward and Tom switch back to their original places and Edward is crowned King Edward VI of England. Miles is rewarded with the rank of Earl and the family right to sit in the presence of the King. In gratitude for supporting the new King 's claim to the throne, Edward names Tom the `` King 's Ward, '' a privileged position he holds for the rest of his life. The ending explains that though Edward died at the age of 15, he reigned mercifully due to his experiences. Themes The introductory quote -- `` The quality of mercy is... twice blest ; / It blesseth him that gives and him that takes : / ' Tis mightiest in the mightiest : it becomes / The throned monarch better than his crown '' -- is part of `` The Quality of Mercy '' speech from Shakespeare 's The Merchant of Venice. While written for children, The Prince and the Pauper is both a critique of social inequality and a criticism of judging others by their appearance. Twain wrote of the book, `` My idea is to afford a realizing sense of the exceeding severity of the laws of that day by inflicting some of their penalties upon the King himself and allowing him a chance to see the rest of them applied to others... '' History Having returned from a second European tour -- which formed the basis of A Tramp Abroad ( 1880 ) -- Twain read extensively about English and French history. Initially intended as a play, the book was originally set in Victorian England before Twain decided to set it further back in time. He wrote The Prince and the Pauper having already started Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. The `` whipping - boy story, '' originally meant as a chapter to be part of The Prince and the Pauper was published in the Hartford Bazar Budget of July 4, 1880, before Twain deleted it from the novel at the suggestion of William Dean Howells. Ultimately, The Prince and the Pauper was published by subscription by James R. Osgoode of Boston, with illustrations by F.T. Merrill. The book bears a dedication to Twain 's daughters, Susie and Clara Clemens and is subtitled `` A Tale For Young People of All Ages ''. Adaptations Main article : List of adaptations of The Prince and the Pauper This section needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. ( November 2015 ) Theater William Faversham and Ruth Findlay in the Broadway production of Amélie Rives ' adaptation of The Prince and the Pauper ( 1920 ) The Prince and the Pauper was adapted for the stage during Twain 's lifetime, an adaptation which involved Twain in litigation with the playwright. In November 1920, a stage adaption by Amélie Rives opened on Broadway under the direction of William Faversham, with Faversham as Miles Hendon and Ruth Findlay playing both Tom Canty and Prince Edward. An Off - Broadway musical with music by Neil Berg opened at Lamb 's Theatre on June 16, 2002. The original cast included Dennis Michael Hall as Prince Edward, Gerard Canonico as Tom Canty, Rob Evan as Miles Hendon, Stephen Zinnato as Hugh Hendon, Rita Harvey as Lady Edith, Michael McCormick as John Canty, Robert Anthony Jones as the Hermit / Dresser, Sally Wilfert as Mary Canty, Allison Fischer as Lady Jane and Aloysius Gigl as Father Andrew. The musical closed August 31, 2003. English playwright Jemma Kennedy adapted the story into a musical drama which was performed at the Unicorn Theatre in London 2012 -- 2013, directed by Selina Cartmell and starring twins Danielle Bird and Nichole Bird as the Prince and Pauper and Jake Harders as Miles Hendon. Comics 1946 Classic Comics cover In 1946, the story was adapted into comics form by Arnold L. Hicks in Classics Illustrated ( `` Classic Comics '' ) # 29, published by Gilberton. In 1962, Dell Comics punished Walt Disney 's the Prince and the Pauper, illustrated by Dan Spiegle, based on the three - part television adaptation produced by Walt Disney 's Wonderful World of Color. In 1990, Disney Comics published Disney 's The Prince and the Pauper, by Scott Saavedra and Sergio Asteriti, based on the animated featurette starring Mickey Mouse. Film The novel has also been the basis of several films. In some versions, Prince Edward carries identification when he assumes Tom 's role. While animations such as the Mickey Mouse version retell the story, other cartoons employ parody ( including an episode of the animated television show Johnny Bravo in which Twain appears, begging cartoonists to `` let this tired story die '' ). Film critic Roger Ebert suggested that the 1983 comedy film Trading Places ( starring Dan Aykroyd and Eddie Murphy ) has similarities to Twain 's tale due to the two characters ' switching lives ( although not by choice ). A much - abridged 1920 silent version was produced ( as one of his first films ) by Alexander Korda in Austria entitled Der Prinz und der Bettelknabe. The 1937 version starred Errol Flynn ( as Hendon ) and twins Billy and Bobby Mauch as Tom Canty and Edward Tudor, respectively. A Hindi film version, Raja Aur Runk, was released in 1968 and directed by Kotayya Pratyagatma. The film `` Indianized '' many of the episodes in the original story. A 1977 film version of the story, starring Oliver Reed as Miles Hendon, co-starring Rex Harrison ( as the Duke of Norfolk ), Mark Lester and Raquel Welch and directed by Richard Fleischer, was released in the UK as The Prince and the Pauper and in the US as Crossed Swords. Walt Disney Feature Animation made a 1990 animated 24 - minute short film, inspired by the novel and starring Mickey Mouse. In this version, Mickey trades places with himself and is supported by other Disney characters. It Takes Two, starring twins Mary - Kate and Ashley Olsen, is a loose translation of this story in which two girls ( one wealthy and the other an orphan, who resemble each other ) switch places in order to experience each other 's lives. The 1996 Bollywood film Tere Mere Sapne is loosely based upon this story, in which two boys born on exactly the same date switch places to experience the other 's life, whilst learning valuable lessons along the way. A 2000 film directed by Giles Foster starred Aidan Quinn ( as Miles Hendon ), Alan Bates, Jonathan Hyde, and identical twins Jonathan and Robert Timmins. In 2004, it was adapted into an 85 - minute CGI - animated musical, Barbie as the Princess and the Pauper, with Barbie playing the blond Princess Anneliese and the brunette pauper Erika. In 2012, a second CGI musical adaptation was released, entitled Barbie : The Princess and the Popstar. In it, Barbie plays a princess blonde named Victoria ( Tori ) and a brunette popstar named Keira. Both crave the life of another, one day they meet and magically change places. In 2006, Garfield 's second live - action film entitled Garfield : A Tail of Two Kitties, was another adaptation of the classic story. A 2007 film, A Modern Twain Story : The Prince and the Pauper starred identical twins Dylan and Cole Sprouse. Television Raju Peda, produced for Indian television in 1954, is a Telugu - version adaptation of the novel starring N.T. Rama Rao and directed by B.A. Subba Rao. In 1957, CBS ' DuPont Show of the Month offered an adaptation of The Prince and the Pauper, with Johnny Washbrook of My Friend Flicka as Tom Canty and Rex Thompson as Prince Edward. A 1962 three - part Walt Disney 's Wonderful World of Color television adaptation featured Guy Williams as Miles Hendon. Both Prince Edward and Tom Canty were played by Sean Scully, using the split - screen technique which the Disney studios had used in The Parent Trap ( 1961 ) with Hayley Mills. The 21st episode of The Monkees, aired on February 6, 1967, was entitled `` The Prince and the Paupers ''. A 1975 BBC television adaptation starred Nicholas Lyndhurst. In a 1976 ABC Afterschool Special, Lance Kerwin played the dual role in a modern American - based adaptation of the story entitled P.J. and the President 's Son. The BBC produced a television adaptation by writer Richard Harris, consisting of six thirty - minute episodes, in 1976. Nicholas Lyndhurst played both Prince Edward and Tom Canty. Ringo, a 1978 TV special starring Ringo Starr, involves the former Beatles drummer trading places with a talentless look - alike. The BBC TV comedy series Blackadder the Third has an episode, `` Duel and Duality, '' where the Prince Regent believes that the Duke of Wellington is after him. The prince swaps clothes with Blackadder ( who is his butler ) and says, `` This reminds of that story ' The Prince and the Porpoise '. '' Blackadder corrects him : `` Pauper. The Prince and the Pauper. '' Since Blackadder the Third is set during the early 1800s, this is an anachronism. In 1996, PBS aired a Wishbone adaptation titled `` The Pooch and the Pauper '' with Wishbone playing both Tom Canty and Edward VI. The BBC produced a six - part dramatization of the story in 1996, adapted by Julian Fellowes, starring James Purefoy, with Keith Michell reprising his role of Henry VIII. A 2011 episode of Phineas and Ferb ( `` Make Play '', season 2, episode 64 ) follows a similar storyline, with Candace switching places with Princess Baldegunde of Duselstein and discovering that royal life is dull. The 2017 Japanese anime series Princess Principal uses a similar story as the background for the characters Ange and Princess Charlotte ; their history is revealed by Ange under the guise of a fairy tale named `` The Princess and the Pickpocket ''. Ten years prior to the start of the series, Ange, who was actually the real Princess Charlotte, met Princess, who was actually a common pickpocket named Ange and looked identical to her. They befriended one another and eventually decided to trade places for a day. Soon after the switch, however, a Revolution broke out and divided their country, separating the girls and leaving them trapped in each other 's roles. Video games In 1996, C&E, a Taiwanese software company, released an RPG video game for Sega Genesis entitled Xin Qigai Wangzi ( `` New Beggar Prince '' ). Its story was inspired by the book, with the addition of fantastic elements such as magic, monsters, and other RPG themes. The game was ported to PC in 1998. It was eventually licensed in an English translation and released in 2006 as Beggar Prince by independent game publisher Super Fighter Team. This was one of the first new games for the discontinued Sega platform since 1998 and is perhaps the first video game adaptation of the book. See also Cultural depictions of Edward VI of England Mark Twain bibliography References Jump up ^ Cope, Jim ; Cope, Wendy. `` A Teacher 's Guide to the Signet Classic Edition of Mark Twain 's The Prince and the Pauper '' ( PDF ). ^ Jump up to : Emerson, Everett ( 2000 ). Mark Twain, A Literary Life. University of Pennsylvania Press. p. 123. ISBN 9780812235166. Jump up ^ `` The New York Times, March 9, 1890 MARK TWAIN IS DEFEATED. `` THE PRINCE AND THE PAUPER '' CASE DECIDED ``. TwainQuotes.com. Retrieved 11 August 2016. Edward H,. House, the invalid playwright, has won in his suit against Samuel L. Clemens, ( Mark Twain. ) Judge Daly in the Court of Common Please yesterday handed down a decision enjoining Daniel Frohman from producing Mrs. Abby Sage Richardson 's dramatization of the wealthy Hartford humorist 's novel. `` The Prince and the Pauper, '' which recently was seen in this city on the stage of the Broadway Theatre. Jump up ^ Staff ( 2001 -- 2012 ). `` The Prince and the Pauper ''. IBDB Internet Broadway Database. The Broadway League. Retrieved 1 July 2012. Jump up ^ `` Unicorn Theatre - The Prince and the Pauper ''. Archived from the original on July 29, 2012. Jump up ^ Walt Disney 's the Prince and the Pauper # 01654 - 207 ( Dell, May - July 1962 ). Jump up ^ Disney 's The Prince and the Pauper ( Disney Comics, Nov. 1990 ). Jump up ^ Johnny Bravo season 2, episode 3 ( Hanna - Barbera Productions, 21 August 1999 ). Jump up ^ Ebert, Roger ( 9 June 1983 ). `` Trading Places Movie Review & Film Summary ( 1983 ) Roger Ebert ''. Rogerebert.suntimes.com. Retrieved 2013 - 04 - 10. External links Wikiquote has quotations related to : The Prince and the Pauper Wikisource has original text related to this article : The Prince and the Pauper The Prince and the Pauper -- searchable, indexed e-text The Prince and the Pauper, with illustrations, at Project Gutenberg The Prince and the Pauper public domain audiobook at LibriVox Illustrations for The Prince and the Pauper hide Mark Twain Bibliography Novels The Gilded Age : A Tale of Today The Adventures of Tom Sawyer The Prince and the Pauper Adventures of Huckleberry Finn A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur 's Court The American Claimant Tom Sawyer Abroad Pudd'nhead Wilson Tom Sawyer, Detective Personal Recollections of Joan of Arc A Double Barrelled Detective Story A Horse 's Tale The Mysterious Stranger Hellfire Hotchkiss Short stories `` The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County '' `` Cannibalism in the Cars '' `` General Washington 's Negro Body - Servant '' `` My Late Senatorial Secretaryship '' `` Some Learned Fables for Good Old Boys and Girls '' `` A Literary Nightmare '' `` A Murder, a Mystery, and a Marriage '' `` The Invalid 's Story '' `` The Great Revolution in Pitcairn '' `` 1601 '' `` The Stolen White Elephant '' `` Luck '' `` The Million Pound Bank Note '' `` A Double Barrelled Detective Story '' `` Those Extraordinary Twins '' `` The Man That Corrupted Hadleyburg '' `` A Dog 's Tale '' `` Extracts from Adam 's Diary '' `` The War Prayer '' `` Eve 's Diary '' `` Captain Stormfield 's Visit to Heaven '' `` My Platonic Sweetheart '' `` The Private Life of Adam and Eve '' `` Advice to Little Girls '' `` The Purloining of Prince Oleomargarine '' Short story collections Mark Twain 's ( Burlesque ) Autobiography and First Romance Sketches New and Old A True Story and the Recent Carnival of Crime Punch, Brothers, Punch ! and Other Sketches Mark Twain 's Library of Humor Merry Tales The £ 1,000,000 Bank Note and Other New Stories The $30,000 Bequest and Other Stories The Curious Republic of Gondour and Other Whimsical Sketches The Washoe Giant in San Francisco Plays Is He Dead ? Colonel Sellers Colonel Sellers as a Scientist Essays `` The Awful German Language '' `` Advice to Youth '' `` English As She Is Taught '' How to Tell a Story and Other Essays `` Concerning the Jews '' `` A Salutation Speech From the Nineteenth Century to the Twentieth '' `` To the Person Sitting in Darkness '' `` To My Missionary Critics '' `` Edmund Burke on Croker and Tammany '' `` What Is Man ? '' `` Queen Victoria 's Jubilee '' `` The United States of Lyncherdom '' `` Fenimore Cooper 's Literary Offenses '' Letters from the Earth Non-fiction Territorial Enterprise letters Letters from Hawaii The Innocents Abroad Roughing It Old Times on the Mississippi A Tramp Abroad Life on the Mississippi Following the Equator Is Shakespeare Dead ? Autobiography of Mark Twain Mark Twain 's Notebook King Leopold 's Soliloquy The Private History of a Campaign That Failed Mark Twain 's Weapons of Satire The Bible According to Mark Twain Christian Science Speeches `` Some Thoughts on the Science of Onanism '' `` Votes for Women '' Places and events Conception Birthplace Historic Site State Park Boyhood Home and Museum Mark Twain Cave Mark Twain in Nevada Territorial Enterprise Sagebrush School Mark Twain House, Hartford, Connecticut Stormfield Publisher, Ulysses S. Grant 's memoirs Twain -- Ament indemnities controversy In popular culture Mark Twain Prize for American Humor Mark Twain Tonight ! The Adventures of Mark Twain ( 1944 film ) The Adventures of Mark Twain ( 1985 film ) Mark Twain : The Musical Family Olivia Langdon Clemens ( wife ) Susy Clemens ( daughter ) Clara Clemens ( daughter ) Jean Clemens ( daughter ) John M. Clemens ( father ) Orion Clemens ( brother ) Related Jap Herron hide Mark Twain 's The Prince and the Pauper ( 1881 ) Characters Prince Edward Tudor Tom Canty Films The Prince and the Pauper ( 1915 ) The Prince and the Pauper ( 1920 ) The Prince and the Pauper ( 1937 ) Raja Aur Runk ( 1968 ) The Prince and the Pauper ( 1977 ) The Prince and the Surfer ( 1999 ) The Twins ( 2005 ) A Modern Twain Story : The Prince and the Pauper ( 2007 ) I Am the King ( 2012 ) Animated The Prince and the Pauper ( 1990 ) Barbie as the Princess and the Pauper ( 2004 ) Garfield : A Tail of Two Kitties ( 2006 ) `` Double, Double, Boy in Trouble '' ( 2008 ) `` Princess and the Popstar '' ( 2011 ) Barbie : The Princess and the Popstar ( 2012 ) Related List of adaptations Cultural depictions of Edward VI of England Jake & Blake Trading Places Beggar Prince `` King of Spain '' `` The Principal and the Pauper '' BNE : XX2212338 GND : 4718249 - 0 LCCN : no2006032654 NLA : 35028968 VIAF : 235238105 Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Prince_and_the_Pauper&oldid=844384272 '' Categories : 1881 American novels American novels adapted into films Children 's historical novels Novels set in England Historical novels Novels by Mark Twain Cultural depictions of Edward VI of England Novels about royalty Novels adapted into television programs 1540s in fiction 1880s children 's books Hidden categories : Wikipedia articles needing clarification from October 2017 Articles needing additional references from November 2015 All articles needing additional references Articles with LibriVox links Wikipedia articles with BNE identifiers Wikipedia articles with GND identifiers Wikipedia articles with LCCN identifiers Wikipedia articles with NLA identifiers Wikipedia articles with VIAF identifiers Talk Contents About Wikipedia Wikiquote Wikisource Български Dansk Deutsch Español فارسی Français 한국어 Հայերեն Italiano עברית ქართული Lietuvių മലയാളം Nederlands 日本 語 Polski Português Română Русский Simple English Српски / srpski Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски Suomi Svenska 中文 17 more Edit links This page was last edited on 4 June 2018, at 15 : 36 ( UTC ). 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Question: where does the prince and the pauper take place
Answer: London