Upheaval dome - wikipedia Upheaval dome Oblique aerial view of Upheaval Dome, 2012 Aerial orthophoto, 2011. Note scale at lower right. Upheaval Dome is an impact structure, the deeply eroded bottom-most remnants of an impact crater, in Canyonlands National Park southwest of the city of Moab, Utah, in the United States. The crater is located in the Island in the Sky section of the park, and is approximately 42 miles ( 67 km ) by vehicle from Moab. It is approximately 5 km in diameter and the crater is known to be less than 170 million years old ( Jurassic or younger, but how much younger is not established. ) The crater is clearly visible on the surface as bright brown and black concentric rings. Stratigraphically, the oldest formation exposed in the center of the dome is the Permian Organ Rock Shale. This is overlain by the Permian White Rim Sandstone. Both are sometimes considered part of the Cutler Formation. Overlying these are the Triassic Moenkopi Formation ( which is bounded top and bottom by unconformities ), the Chinle Formation, the cliff - forming Wingate Sandstone, the Kayenta Formation, and the crossbedded Triassic - Jurassic Navajo Sandstone. Structurally, the dome is anomalous. Most of the rock strata of Canyonlands National Park are flat - lying or gently dipping. The center of the structure is a true dome. Some strata near the center are nearly vertical in orientation. Dips of 70 degrees have been measured in the Kayenta Formation on the U-shaped plateau surrounding the center of the structure. A syncline surrounds the center, where the axis forms a complete circle approximately two miles across. The syncline is primarily visible in the Navajo Sandstone. Another anticline has been mapped to the north of this ring syncline, which is also concentric with it. There were two well - known theories as to the origin of the upheaval. One theory was the upheaval is a salt dome, an anticlinal structure which occurs when a salt diapir is pushed up by the weight of overlying rocks. The other theory is an eroded impact crater, like the much younger Meteor Crater near Winslow, Arizona. In the 1990s, a team of geologists and seismologists from NASA and the University of Nevada at Reno performed a detailed study that included seismic refraction and rock mapping. The results of this study support the meteorite theory. In 2008, it was announced that shocked quartz was discovered. This confirmed the meteor impact theory because the rocks were subjected to high pressures only possible in an impact or a nuclear explosion. Gallery Oblique air photo facing southeast from about 30,000 ft. Upheaval Dome as seen from the rim of the crater. Syncline in Navajo Sandstone visible from the Syncline Campsite on the northwest side of the structure, facing south. Steeply dipping rock strata near the center of the dome. Panoramic photo of the dome taken from the second overlook point on the Upheaval Dome overlook trail. References ^ Jump up to : `` Upheaval Dome ''. Earth Impact Database. University of New Brunswick. Retrieved 2009 - 08 - 20. ^ Jump up to : Geologic Map of Canyonlands National Park and Vicinity, Utah, 1982 Edition, by P.W. Huntoon et al. Scale : 1 : 62500 ( map ) Jump up ^ Kriens, Bryan J ; Eugene M Shoemaker ; Ken E Herkenhop ( 1998 - 04 - 16 ). `` Geology of the Upheaval Dome Impact Structure, Southeast Utah '' ( PDF ). NASA JPL. Retrieved 2009 - 10 - 01. Jump up ^ O'Hanlon, Larry ( 2008 - 03 - 11 ). `` Utah Crater Mystery Cracked ''. Discovery News. Discovery Channel. Archived from the original on 2012 - 11 - 30. Retrieved 2009 - 10 - 01. Jump up ^ French, Bevan M. ( 1998 ). Traces of Catastrophe : A Handbook of Shock - Metamorphic Effects in Terrestrial Meteorite Impact Structures. Lunar and Planetary Institute. Retrieved 2009 - 08 - 20. External links Wikimedia Commons has media related to Upheaval Dome. Upheaval dome on PASSC Earth Impact Database U.S. Dept. of the Interior, National Park Service Upheaval Dome Shocked Quartz discovery Aerial Exploration of the Upheaval Dome impact crater Coordinates : 38 ° 26 ′ 13 '' N 109 ° 55 ′ 45 '' W ﻿ / ﻿ 38.43694 ° N 109.92917 ° W ﻿ / 38.43694 ; - 109.92917 Impact cratering on Earth Impact crater Impact event Lists Worldwide Africa Antarctica Asia Australia Europe North America South America By country Confirmed ≥ 20 km diameter Acraman Amelia Creek Araguainha Beaverhead Boltysh Carswell Charlevoix Chesapeake Bay Chicxulub Clearwater East & West Gosses Bluff Haughton Kamensk Kara Karakul Keurusselkä Lappajärvi Logancha Manicouagan Manson Mistastin Mjølnir Montagnais Morokweng Nördlinger Ries Obolon ' Popigai Presqu'île Puchezh - Katunki Rochechouart Saint Martin Shoemaker Siljan Ring Slate Islands Steen River Strangways Sudbury Tookoonooka Tunnunik Vredefort Woodleigh Yarrabubba Topics Alvarez hypothesis Breccia Coesite Complex crater Cretaceous -- Paleogene boundary Cryptoexplosion Ejecta blanket Impact crater Impact structure Impactite Late Heavy Bombardment Lechatelierite Meteorite Moldavite Ordovician meteor event Planar deformation features Shatter cone Shock metamorphism Shocked quartz Stishovite Suevite Tektite Research Baldwin, Ralph Belknap Barringer, Daniel Barringer Medal Chao, Edward CT Dietz, Robert S Hartmann, William K Melosh, H Jay Ryder, Graham Schultz, Peter H Shoemaker, Eugene Earth Impact Database Impact Field Studies Group Lunar and Planetary Institute Traces of Catastrophe Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Upheaval_Dome&oldid=782002646 '' Categories : Earth Impact Database Canyonlands National Park Landforms of Utah Impact craters of the United States Jurassic impact craters Landforms of San Juan County, Utah Talk About Wikipedia Deutsch Polski Edit links This page was last edited on 24 May 2017, at 11 : 48. 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Question: the evidence that upheaval dome was formed by a meteorite impact comes from
Answer: shocked quartz