Demographics of New Zealand - wikipedia Demographics of New Zealand Demographics of New Zealand Population pyramid taken from the 2013 census Population 4,793,700 Density 17.9 / km ( 46.4 / sq mi ) Growth rate 2.1 % Birth rate 12.43 per 1000 pop. Death rate 6.95 per 1000 pop. Life expectancy male 79.9 years female 83.4 years Fertility rate 1.81 births per woman Infant mortality rate 3.87 per 1000 live births Net migration rate 14.72 per 1000 pop. Age structure 0 -- 14 years 19.6 % 15 -- 64 years 65.5 % 65 and over 14.9 % Sex ratio Total 0.97 males / female Under 15 1.05 males / female 15 -- 64 years 0.97 males / female 65 and over 0.87 males / female Nationality Nationality New Zealander Major ethnic European 74.0 % Minor ethnic Māori 14.9 % Asian 11.8 % Pacific peoples 7.4 % Language Official English 96.1 % Māori 3.7 % New Zealand Sign Language 0.5 % The demographics of New Zealand encompass the gender, ethnic, religious, geographic, and economic backgrounds of the 4.8 million people living in New Zealand. New Zealanders, informally known as `` Kiwis '', predominantly live in urban areas on the North Island. The five largest cities are Auckland ( with one - third of the country 's population ), Christchurch ( in the South Island, the largest island of the New Zealand archipelago ), Wellington, Hamilton and Tauranga. Few New Zealanders live on New Zealand 's smaller islands. Waiheke Island ( near Auckland ) is easily the most populated smaller island with 9,520 residents, while Great Barrier Island, the Chatham and Pitt Islands and Stewart Island each have populations below 1,000. New Zealand is part of a realm and most people born in the realm 's external territories of Tokelau, the Ross Dependency, the Cook Islands and Niue are entitled to New Zealand passports. In 2006, more people who identified themselves with these islands lived in New Zealand than on the Islands themselves. The majority of New Zealand 's population is of European descent ( 74 percent ), with the indigenous Māori being the largest minority ( 14.9 percent ), followed by Asians ( 11.8 percent ) and non-Māori Pacific Islanders ( 7.4 percent ). This is reflected in immigration, with most new migrants coming from Britain and Ireland, although the numbers from Asia are increasing. The largest Māori tribe ( iwi ) is Ngāpuhi with 125,601 people or 18.8 percent of the Māori population. Auckland is the most ethnically diverse region in New Zealand with 59.3 percent identifying as Europeans, 23.1 percent as Asian, 10.7 percent as Māori and 14.6 percent as Pacific Islanders. The ethnicity of the population aged under 18 years is considerably more diverse than the population aged 65 years or older. Recent increases in interracial marriages have resulted in more people identifying with more than one ethnic group. English, Māori and New Zealand Sign Language are the official languages, with English predominant. New Zealand English is mostly non-rhotic and sounds similar to Australian English, with a common exception being the centralisation of the short i. The Māori language has undergone a process of revitalisation and is spoken by 3.7 percent of the population. New Zealand has an adult literacy rate of 99 percent and over half of the population aged 15 to 29 hold a tertiary qualification. In the adult population 14.2 percent have a bachelor 's degree or higher, 30.4 percent have some form of secondary qualification as their highest qualification and 22.4 percent have no formal qualification. As of the 2013 census, just under half the population identify as Christians, with Hinduism and Buddhism being the most significant minority religions. New Zealand has no state religion and just over 40 percent of the population does not have a religion. Farming is a major occupation in New Zealand, although more people are employed as sales assistants. Most New Zealanders earn wage or salary income, with a median personal income in 2013 of NZ $ 28,500. Contents 1 Terminology 2 Population 2.1 Current vital statistics 2.2 Population density 3 Migration 4 Ethnicity 5 Language 6 Education 7 Religion 8 Income 9 See also 10 Notes 11 References 12 Bibliography Terminology While the demonym for a New Zealand citizen is New Zealander, the informal `` Kiwi '' is commonly used both internationally and by locals. The name derives from the kiwi, a native flightless bird, which is the national symbol of New Zealand. The Māori loanword `` Pākehā '' usually refers to New Zealanders of European descent, although some reject this appellation, and some Māori use it to refer to all non-Polynesian New Zealanders. Most people born in New Zealand or one of the realm 's external territories ( Tokelau, the Ross Dependency, the Cook Islands and Niue ) before 2006 are New Zealand citizens. Further conditions apply for those born from 2006 onwards. Population New Zealand 's historical population ( black ) and projected growth ( red ) In June 2017, New Zealand has an estimated population of 4,793,700, up from the 4,027,947 recorded in the 2006 census. The median child birthing age was 30 and the total fertility rate is 2.1 births per woman in 2010. In Māori populations the median age is 26 and fertility rate 2.8. In 2010 the age - standardised mortality rate was 3.8 deaths per 1000 ( down from 4.8 in 2000 ) and the infant mortality rate for the total population was 5.1 deaths per 1000 live births. The life expectancy of a New Zealand child born in 2014 - 16 was 83.4 years for females, and 79.9 years for males. Life expectancy at birth is forecast to increase from 80 years to 85 years in 2050 and infant mortality is expected to decline. In 2050 the population is forecast to reach 5.3 million, the median age to rise from 36 years to 43 years and the percentage of people 60 years of age and older rising from 18 percent to 29 percent. ( The number of people aged 65 and over increased by 22 percent between the 2006 and 2013 censuses. ) During early migration in 1858, New Zealand had 131 males for every 100 females, but following changes in migration patterns and the modern longevity advantage of women, females came to outnumber males in 1971. As of 2012 there are 0.99 males per female, with males dominating under 15 years and females dominating in the 65 years and older range. Vital statistics since 1921 Average population ( x 1,000 ) Live births Deaths Natural change Crude birth rate ( per 1,000 ) Crude death rate ( per 1,000 ) Natural change ( per 1,000 ) Fertility rates 1921 29,623 11,474 18,149 3.08 1922 30,448 11,874 18,574 3.08 1923 29,148 12,239 16,909 23.7 9.9 13.8 2.96 1924 29,260 11,540 17,720 23.2 9.4 13.8 2.93 1925 29,869 11,844 18,025 22.9 9.2 13.7 2.90 1926 29,904 12,517 17,387 22.0 9.4 12.6 2.88 1927 1,429 29,278 12,600 16,678 20.3 8.8 11.5 2.79 1928 1,450 28,398 12,860 15,538 19.8 8.8 11.0 2.70 1929 1,467 28,859 13,220 15,639 19.5 9.0 10.5 2.64 1930 1,486 28,822 13,145 15,677 19.3 8.8 10.5 2.60 1931 1,506 28,867 13,062 15,805 19.1 8.6 10.5 2.56 1932 1,522 27,535 12,875 14,660 18.0 8.4 9.6 2.38 1933 1,534 27,204 12,862 14,342 17.7 8.3 9.4 2.31 1934 1,547 27,220 13,810 13,410 17.5 8.9 8.6 2.29 1935 1,558 27,150 13,664 13,486 17.4 8.7 8.7 2.25 1936 1,569 28,395 14,658 13,737 18.0 9.3 8.7 2.30 1937 1,584 29,896 15,215 17,681 18.8 9.6 9.2 2.39 1938 1,601 30,845 16,874 13,971 19.2 10.5 8.7 2.44 1939 1,618 32,872 15,933 16,939 20.2 9.8 10.4 2.56 1940 1,641 36,945 15,875 21,070 22.6 9.7 12.9 2.84 1941 1,633 39,170 17,047 22,123 24.0 10.4 13.6 2.93 1942 1,631 37,818 18,117 19,701 23.1 11.1 12.0 2.87 1943 1,636 34,684 17,122 17,562 21.2 10.4 10.8 2.61 1944 1,642 38,037 17,049 20,088 22.9 10.3 12.6 2.85 1945 1,676 51,534 17,686 33,848 24.4 10.4 14.0 3.10 1946 1,724 47,524 17,720 29,804 27.1 10.1 17.0 3.45 1947 1,781 49,698 17,442 32,256 27.6 9.7 17.9 3.63 1948 1,817 49,062 17,285 31,777 26.7 9.4 17.3 3.57 1949 1,853 48,841 17,578 31,263 26.1 9.4 16.7 3.53 1950 1,892 49,331 18,084 31,247 25.8 9.5 16.3 3.55 1951 1,927 49,806 18,836 30,970 25.6 9.7 15.9 3.60 1952 1,970 51,846 18,896 32,950 26.0 9.5 16.5 3.67 1953 2,024 51,888 18,354 33,534 25.3 9.0 16.3 3.65 1954 2,074 54,055 18,876 35,179 25.8 9.0 16.8 3.78 1955 2,118 55,596 19,225 36,371 26.0 9.0 17.0 3.88 1956 2,164 56,631 19,696 36,935 25.8 9.0 16.8 3.98 1957 2,209 58,425 20,862 37,563 26.1 9.3 16.8 4.03 1958 2,262 60,556 20,301 40,255 26.5 8.9 17.6 4.11 1959 2,316 61,798 21,128 40,670 26.4 9.0 17.4 4.18 1960 2,359 62,779 20,892 41,787 26.4 8.8 17.6 4.24 1961 2,403 65,390 21,782 43,608 26.9 9.0 17.9 4.31 1962 2,461 65,014 22,081 42,933 26.1 8.9 17.2 4.19 1963 2,515 64,527 22,416 42,111 25.4 8.8 16.6 4.05 1964 2,566 62,302 22,861 39,441 24.0 8.8 15.2 3.80 1965 2,617 60,047 22,976 37,071 22.7 8.7 14.0 3.54 1966 2,663 60,003 23,778 36,225 22.3 8.8 13.5 3.41 1967 2,711 61,022 23,007 38,015 22.4 8.4 14.0 3.35 1968 2,745 62,112 24,464 37,648 22.5 8.9 13.6 3.37 1969 2,773 62,360 24,161 38,199 22.4 8.7 13.7 3.28 1970 2,804 62,050 24,840 37,210 21.9 8.8 13.1 3.17 1971 2,852 64,460 24,309 40,151 22.4 8.5 13.9 3.18 1972 2,898 63,215 24,801 38,414 21.6 8.5 13.1 3.00 1973 2,959 60,727 25,312 35,415 20.3 8.5 11.8 2.76 3,024 59,936 25,261 34,675 19.4 8.3 11.1 2.58 3,091 56,639 25,114 31,525 18.2 8.1 10.1 2.37 1976 3,143 55,105 25,547 29,458 17.5 8.1 9.4 2.27 1977 3,163 54,179 25,961 29,218 17.1 8.2 8.9 2.21 1978 3,166 51,029 24,669 26,360 16.1 7.8 8.3 2.07 1979 3,165 52,279 25,340 26,939 16.5 8.0 8.5 2.12 1980 3,163 50,542 26,676 23,866 15.9 8.4 7.5 2.03 1981 3,176 50,794 25,150 25,644 15.9 7.9 8.0 2.01 1982 3,194 49,938 25,532 24,406 15.6 8.0 8.6 1.95 3,226 50,474 25,991 24,483 15.6 8.0 8.6 1.92 1984 3,264 51,636 25,378 26,258 15.7 7.7 8.0 1.93 1985 3,293 51,798 27,480 24,318 15.7 8.3 7.4 1.93 1986 3,303 52,824 27,045 25,779 16.2 8.2 8.0 1.96 3,313 55,254 27,419 27,835 16.6 8.2 8.4 2.03 3,342 57,546 27,408 30,138 17.2 8.2 9.0 2.10 3,345 58,091 27,042 31,049 17.3 8.1 9.2 2.12 3,369 60,153 26,531 33,622 17.7 7.8 9.9 2.18 1991 3,410 59,911 26,389 33,522 17.3 7.6 9.7 2.09 3,516 59,166 27,115 32,051 16.7 7.7 9.0 2.06 3,552 58,782 27,100 31,682 16.4 7.6 8.8 2.04 3,597 57,321 26,953 30,258 15.8 7.4 8.4 1.98 1995 3,648 57,671 27,813 29,858 15.7 7.6 8.1 1.98 3,706 57,280 28,255 29,025 15.3 7.6 7.7 1.96 3,762 57,604 27,471 30,133 15.2 7.3 7.9 1.95 1998 3,802 55,349 26,206 29,143 14.5 6.9 7.6 1.89 1999 3,829 57,053 28,122 28,931 14.9 7.3 7.6 1.97 2000 3,851 56,605 26,660 29,945 14.7 6.9 7.8 1.98 3,873 55,799 27,825 27,974 14.3 7.1 7.2 1.97 2002 3,916 54,021 28,065 25,956 13.7 7.1 6.6 1.88 2003 3,989 56,134 28,010 28,124 13.9 7.0 6.9 1.93 4,061 58,073 28,419 29,654 14.2 7.0 7.2 1.99 2005 4,114 57,745 27,034 30,711 14.0 6.5 7.5 1.97 2006 4,161 59,193 28,245 30,948 14.1 6.7 7.4 2.01 2007 4,211 64,044 28,522 35,522 15.1 6.7 8.4 2.17 2008 4,252 64,343 29,188 35,155 15.1 6.8 8.3 2.18 2009 4,291 62,543 28,964 33,579 14.5 6.7 7.8 2.12 4,370 63,897 28,440 35,457 14.6 6.5 8.1 2.15 2011 4,408 61,400 30,080 31,320 13.9 6.8 7.1 2.06 2012 4,438 61,178 30,099 31,079 13.8 6.8 7.0 2.05 2013 4,479 58,727 29,568 29,159 13.1 6.6 6.5 1.95 2014 4,554 57,242 31,063 26,179 12.7 6.9 5.8 1.92 2015 4,595 61,038 31,608 29,430 13.3 6.9 6.4 1.99 2016 4,693 59,430 31,179 28,251 12.7 6.6 6.1 1.87 2017 59,610 33,339 26,268 12.4 7.0 5.4 1.81 Current vital Statistics New Zealand has a growing population, as measured : Births from January to September 2016 = 45,015 Births from January to September 2017 = 44,082 Deaths from January to September 2016 = 23,445 Deaths from January to September 2017 = 25,509 Natural growth from January to September 2016 = 21,570 Natural growth from January to September 2017 = 18,573 Population density Population density as of the 2006 census Legend Fewer than 1 person per square km 1 person per square km and above 10 people per square km and above 250 people per square km and above 1000 people per square km and above 4000 people per square km and above New Zealand 's population density is relatively low, at 17.9 per square kilometre ( 46.4 per square mile ) ( June 2017 estimate ). The vast majority of the population live on the main North and South Islands, with New Zealand 's major inhabited smaller islands being Waiheke Island ( 9,520 ), the Chatham and Pitt Islands ( 640 ), and Stewart Island ( 381 ). Over three - quarters of the population live in the North Island ( 76.7 percent ), with one - third of the total population living in the Auckland Region. This region is also the fastest growing, accounting for 46 percent of New Zealand 's total population growth. Most Māori live in the North Island ( 86.0 percent ), although less than a quarter ( 23.8 percent ) live in Auckland. New Zealand is a predominantly urban country, with 86.5 percent of the population living in an urban area. About 73.0 percent of the population live in the 17 main urban areas ( population of 30,000 or more ) and 53.8 percent live in the four largest cities of Auckland, Christchurch, Wellington, and Hamilton. Approximately 14 percent of the population live in four different categories of rural areas as defined by Statistics New Zealand. About 18 percent of the rural population live in areas that have a high urban influence ( roughly 12.9 people per square kilometre ), many working in the main urban area. Rural areas with moderate urban influence and a population density of about 6.5 people per square kilometre account for 26 percent of the rural population. Areas with low urban influence where the majority of the residents work in the rural area house approximately 42 percent of the rural population. Remote rural areas with a density of less than 1 person per square kilometre account for about 14 percent of the rural population. Before local government reforms in the late 1980s, a borough council with more than 20,000 people could be proclaimed a city. The boundaries of councils tended to follow the edge of the built - up area, so there was little difference between the urban area and the local government area. In 1989, all councils were consolidated into regional councils ( top tier ) and territorial authorities ( second tier ) which cover a much wider area and population than the old city councils. Today a territorial authority must have a predominantly urban population of at least 50,000 before it can be officially recognised as a city. The 20 largest urban areas are listed below : v t e Largest urban areas in New Zealand Statistics New Zealand June 2017 estimate Rank Name Region Pop. Rank Name Region Pop. Auckland Wellington Auckland Auckland 1,534,700 11 Whangarei Northland 57,700 Christchurch Hamilton Wellington Wellington 412,500 12 New Plymouth Taranaki 57,500 Christchurch Canterbury 396,700 13 Invercargill Southland 50,800 Hamilton Waikato 235,900 14 Kapiti Wellington 42,300 5 Tauranga Bay of Plenty 137,900 15 Whanganui Manawatu - Wanganui 40,300 6 Napier - Hastings Hawke 's Bay 133,000 16 Gisborne Gisborne 36,600 7 Dunedin Otago 120,200 17 Blenheim Marlborough 31,300 8 Palmerston North Manawatu - Wanganui 85,300 18 Pukekohe Auckland 30,800 9 Nelson Nelson 66,700 19 Timaru Canterbury 29,000 10 Rotorua Bay of Plenty 58,800 20 Taupo Waikato 24,500 Migration Main article : Immigration to New Zealand New Zealand 's fastest growing ethnic groups are Asian. Here, lion dancers perform at the Auckland Lantern Festival. Countries of birth of New Zealand residents, 2013 census Country Number % New Zealand 2,980,827 74.85 United Kingdom 256,164 6.43 China 96,441 2.42 India 67,176 1.69 Australia 62,712 1.57 South Africa 54,279 1.36 Fiji 52,755 1.32 Samoa 50,658 1.27 Philippines 37,299 0.94 South Korea 26,604 0.67 Tonga 22,416 0.56 United States 21,462 0.54 Netherlands 19,815 0.50 Malaysia 16,353 0.41 Cook Islands 12,954 0.33 Germany 12,942 0.32 Japan 10,269 0.26 Other countries 188,814 4.74 Jump up ^ Includes Channel Islands and Isle of Man. Jump up ^ Includes Hong Kong SAR and Macau SAR. East Polynesians were the first people to reach New Zealand about 1280, followed by the early European explorers, notably James Cook in 1769 who explored New Zealand three times and mapped the coastline. Following the Treaty of Waitangi in 1840 when the country became a British colony, immigrants were predominantly from Britain, Ireland and Australia. Due to restrictive policies, limitations were placed on non-European immigrants. During the gold rush period ( 1858 -- 1880s ) large number of young men came from California and Victoria to New Zealand goldfields. Apart from British, there were Irish, Germans, Scandinavians, Italians and many Chinese. The Chinese were sent special invitations by the Otago Chamber of Commerce in 1866. By 1873 they made up 40 percent of the diggers in Otago and 25 percent of the diggers in Westland. From 1900 there was also significant Dutch, Dalmatian, and Italian immigration together with indirect European immigration through Australia, North America, South America and South Africa. Following the Great Depression policies were relaxed and migrant diversity increased. In 2008 -- 09, a target of 45,000 migrants was set by the New Zealand Immigration Service ( plus a 5,000 tolerance ). Just over 25 percent of New Zealand 's population at the 2013 census was born overseas, up from 23 percent in 2006 and 20 percent in 2001. Over half ( 51.6 percent ) of New Zealand 's overseas - born population lives in the Auckland Region, including 72 percent of the country 's Pacific Island - born population, 64 percent of its Asian - born population, and 56 percent of its Middle Eastern and African - born population. In the late 2000s, Asia overtook the British Isles as the largest source of overseas migrants ; today around 32 percent of overseas - born New Zealand residents were born in Asia ( mainly China, India, the Philippines and South Korea ) compared to 26 percent born in the UK and Ireland. The number of fee - paying international students increased sharply in the late 1990s, with more than 20,000 studying in public tertiary institutions in 2002. To be eligible for entry under the skilled migrant plan applicants are assessed by an approved doctor for good health, provide a police certificate to prove good character and speak sufficient English. Migrants working in some occupations ( mainly health ) must be registered with the appropriate profession body before they can work within that area. Skilled migrants are assessed by Immigration New Zealand and applicants that they believe will contribute are issued with a residential visa, while those with potential are issued with a work to resident visa. Under the work to residency process applicants are given a temporary work permit for two years and are then eligible to apply for residency. Applicants with a job offer from an accredited New Zealand employer, cultural or sporting talent, looking for work where there has been a long - term skill shortage or to establish a business can apply for work to residency. While most New Zealanders live in New Zealand, there is also a significant diaspora abroad, estimated as of 2001 at over 460,000 or 14 percent of the international total of New Zealand - born. Of these, 360,000, over three - quarters of the New Zealand - born population residing outside of New Zealand, live in Australia. Other communities of New Zealanders abroad are concentrated in other English - speaking countries, specifically the United Kingdom, the United States and Canada, with smaller numbers located elsewhere. Nearly one quarter of New Zealand 's highly skilled workers live overseas, mostly in Australia and Britain, more than any other developed nation. However many educated professionals from Europe and lesser developed countries have recently migrated to New Zealand. A common pathway for New Zealanders to move to the UK is through a job offer via the Tier 2 ( General ) visa, which grants a 3 - year initial stay in the country and can later be extended with three more years. After 5 years the person can apply for permanent residency. Another popular option is the UK Working Holiday visa, also known as `` Youth Mobility Scheme '' ( YMS ), which grants New Zealanders 2 - year rights to live and work in the UK. Ethnicity See also : List of ethnic origins of New Zealanders Ethnic groups as per the 2013 census. European Mixed European - Māori Māori Asian Pacific Other Mixed ( excluding European - Māori ) New Zealand is a multiethnic society, and home to people of many different national origins. Originally composed solely of the Māori who arrived in the thirteenth century, the ethnic makeup of the population later became dominated by New Zealanders of European descent. In the nineteenth century, European settlers brought diseases for which the Māori had no immunity. By the 1890s, the Māori population was approximately 40 percent of its size pre-contact. The Māori population increased during the twentieth century, though it remains a minority. At the latest census in 2013, 74.0 percent identified as European, 14.9 percent, as Māori, 11.8 percent as Asian, 7.4 percent as Pacific peoples, and 1.2 percent as Middle - Eastern, Latin American, and African ( MELAA ). Most New Zealanders are of English, Scottish, and Irish ancestry, with smaller percentages of other European ancestries, such as Dutch, Dalmatian, French, German and Scandinavian. Auckland was the most diverse region with 59.3 percent identifying as European, 23.1 percent as Asian, 10.7 percent as Māori, and 14.6 percent as Pacific Islanders. All major ethnic groups increased when compared with the 2006 census, in which 67.6 percent identified as European, 14.6 percent as Māori, 9.2 percent as Asian, and 6.9 percent of Pacific Islander origin. An additional 11.1 percent identified themselves simply as a `` New Zealander '' ( or similar ), and 1.0 percent identified with other ethnicities. There was significant public discussion about usage of the term `` New Zealander '' during the months leading up to the 2006 census. The number of people identifying with this term increased from approximately 80,000 ( 2.4 percent ) in 2001 to just under 430,000 people ( 11.1 percent ) in 2006. The European grouping significantly decreased from 80.0 percent of the population in 2001 to 67.6 percent in 2006, however, this is broadly proportional to the large increase in `` New Zealanders ''. The number of people identifying as a `` New Zealander '' dropped back to under 66,000 in 2013. As recorded in the 2013 census, the largest Māori iwi is Ngāpuhi with 125,601 people ( or 18.8 percent of people of Māori descent ). Since 2006, the number of people of Māori descent stating Ngāpuhi as their iwi increased by 3,390 people ( 2.8 percent ). The second - largest was Ngāti Porou, with 71,049 people ( down 1.2 percent from 2006 ). Ngāi Tahu was the largest in the South Island and the third - largest overall, with a count of 54,819 people ( an increase of 11.4 percent from 2006 ). A total of 110,928 people ( or 18.5 percent ) of Māori descent did not know their iwi ( an increase of 8.4 percent compared with 2006 ). A group of Māori migrated to Rēkohu, now known as the Chatham Islands, where they developed their distinct Moriori culture. The Moriori population was decimated, first, by disease brought by European sealers and whalers and, second, by Taranaki Māori, with only 101 surviving in 1862 and the last known full - blooded Moriori dying in 1933. The number of people identifying as having Moriori descents increased from 105 in 1991 to 945 in 2006, but decreased to 738 in 2013. Recent increases in interracial marriages has resulted in the New Zealand population of Māori, Asian and Pacific Islander descent growing at a higher rate than those of European descent. In 2013, 11.2 percent of people identified with more than one ethnic group, compared with 10.4 percent in 2006. The ethnic diversity of New Zealand is projected to increase. Europeans ( including `` New Zealanders '' ) will remain the largest group, although it is predicted to fall to 70 percent in 2026. The Asian, Pacific and Māori groups are the fastest growing and will increase to 3.4 percent, 10 percent and 16 percent, respectively. In 2013, the ethnicity of the population aged under 18 years was 71 percent European, 25 percent Māori, 13 percent Pacific, 12 percent Asian, and 1 percent MELAA. The population aged 65 years or older consisted of 87.8 percent European, 5.6 percent Māori, 4.7 percent Asian and 2.4 percent Pacific. Ethnicity 2001 census 2006 census 2013 census Number % Number % Number % European 2,871,432 80.1 2,609,589 67.6 2,969,391 74.0 New Zealand European 2,696,724 75.2 2,381,076 61.7 2,727,009 68.0 English 35,082 1.0 44,202 1.1 38,916 1.0 British 16,572 0.5 27,192 0.7 36,024 0.9 South African 14,913 0.4 21,609 0.6 28,656 0.7 Dutch 27,507 0.8 28,644 0.7 28,503 0.7 European ( not further defined ) 23,598 0.7 21,855 0.6 26,472 0.7 European Australian 20,784 0.6 26,355 0.7 22,467 0.6 Māori 526,281 14.7 565,329 14.6 598,605 14.9 Pacific Peoples 231,798 6.5 265,974 6.9 295,941 7.4 Samoan 115,017 3.2 131,103 3.4 144,138 3.6 Cook Islands Māori 51,486 1.4 56,895 1.5 61,077 1.5 Tongan 40,716 1.1 50,481 1.3 60,333 1.5 Niuean 20,148 0.6 22,476 0.6 23,883 0.6 Asian 238,179 6.6 354,552 9.2 471,708 11.8 Chinese 100,680 2.8 139,731 3.6 163,101 4.1 Indian 60,213 1.7 97,443 2.5 143,520 3.6 Filipino 11,091 0.3 16,938 0.4 40,350 1.0 Korean 19,026 0.5 30,792 0.8 30,171 0.8 Middle Eastern / Latin American / African 24,084 0.7 34,743 0.9 46,953 Other 801 < 0.1 430,881 11.2 67,752 1.7 New Zealander N / A 429,429 11.1 65,973 1.6 Total people stated 3,586,644 3,860,163 4,011,399 Not elsewhere included 150,702 4.0 167,784 4.2 230,646 5.4 The maps below ( taken from 2013 census data ) show the percentages of people in each census area unit identifying themselves as European, Māori, Asian, or Pacific Islander ( as defined by Statistics New Zealand ). As people could identify themselves with multiple groups, percentages are not cumulative. European Less than 5 % More than 5 % More than 10 % More than 20 % More than 30 % More than 40 % More than 50 % More than 60 % More than 70 % More than 80 % More than 90 % Māori Less than 5 % More than 5 % More than 10 % More than 20 % More than 30 % More than 40 % More than 50 % More than 60 % More than 70 % More than 80 % Asian Less than 5 % More than 5 % More than 10 % More than 20 % More than 30 % More than 40 % More than 50 % More than 60 % More than 70 % Pacific Islander Less than 5 % More than 5 % More than 10 % More than 20 % More than 30 % More than 40 % More than 50 % More than 60 % More than 70 % Language Main article : Languages of New Zealand English has long been entrenched as a de facto national language due to its widespread use. In the 2013 census, 96.1 percent of respondents spoke English. The New Zealand English dialect is mostly non-rhotic with an exception being the Southern Burr found principally in Southland and parts of Otago. It is similar to Australian English and many speakers from the Northern Hemisphere are unable to tell the accents apart. In New Zealand English the short i ( as in kit ) has become centralised, leading to the phrase fish and chips sounding like `` fush and chups '' to the Australian ear. The words rarely and really, reel and real, doll and dole, pull and pool, witch and which, and full and fill can sometimes be pronounced as homophones. Some New Zealanders pronounce the past participles grown, thrown and mown using two syllables, whereas groan, throne and moan are pronounced as one syllable. New Zealanders often reply to a question or emphasise a point by adding a rising intonation at the end of the sentence. Speakers of Māori according to the 2013 census : Less than 5 % More than 5 % More than 10 % More than 20 % More than 30 % More than 40 % More than 50 % Initially, the Māori language ( te reo Māori ) was permitted in native schools to facilitate English instruction, but as time went on official attitudes hardened against any use of the language. Māori were discouraged from speaking their own language in schools and work places and it existed as a community language only in a few remote areas. The language underwent a revival beginning in the 1970s, and now more people speak Māori. The future of the language was the subject of a claim before the Waitangi Tribunal in 1985. As a result, Māori was declared an official language in 1987. In the 2013 census, 21.3 percent of Māori people -- and 3.7 percent of all respondents, including some non-Māori people -- reported conversational fluency in the language. There are now Māori language immersion schools and two Māori Television channels, the only nationwide television channels to have the majority of their prime - time content delivered in Māori. Many places have officially been given dual Māori and English names in recent years. In the 2013 census, 20,235 people reported the ability to use New Zealand Sign Language. This is down 16 percent on the 2006 census. NZSL was declared one of New Zealand 's official languages in 2006. Samoan is the most widely spoken non-official language ( 2.2 percent ), followed by Hindi ( 1.7 percent ), `` Northern Chinese '' ( including Mandarin, 1.3 percent ) and French ( 1.2 percent ). A considerable proportion of first - and second - generation migrants are multilingual. Education Main article : Education in New Zealand Education follows the three - tier model, which includes primary schools, followed by secondary schools ( high schools ) and tertiary education at universities or polytechnics. The Programme for International Student Assessment ranked New Zealand 's education as the seventh highest in 2009. The Education Index, published with the UN 's 2014 Human Development Index and based on data from 2013, listed New Zealand at 0.917, ranked second after Australia. Primary and secondary schooling is compulsory for children aged 6 to 16 with most children starting at 5. Early leaving exemptions may be granted to 15 - year - old students that have been experiencing some ongoing difficulties at school or are unlikely to benefit from continued attendance. Parents and caregivers can home school their children if they obtain approval from the Ministry of Education and prove that their child will be taught `` as regularly and as well as in a registered school ''. There are 13 school years and attending state ( public ) schools is nominally free from a person 's fifth birthday until the end of the calendar year following their 19th birthday. The academic year in New Zealand varies between institutions, but generally runs from late January until mid-December for primary and secondary schools and polytechnics, and from late February until mid-November for universities. New Zealand has an adult literacy rate of 99 percent, and over half of the population aged 15 to 29 hold a tertiary qualification. In the adult population 14.2 percent have a bachelor 's degree or higher, 30.4 percent have some form of secondary qualification as their highest qualification and 22.4 percent have no formal qualification. Religion Main article : Religion in New Zealand Religious affiliation in New Zealand ( 2013 ) Affiliation % of New Zealand population Religion 55.00 55 Roman Catholic 12.61 12.61 Anglican 11.79 11.79 Presbyterian 8.47 8.47 Other Christian 15.14 15.14 Hindu 2.11 2.11 Buddhist 1.50 1.5 Muslim 1.18 1.18 Other religions 1.53 1.53 No religion 41.91 41.91 Object to answering 4.44 4.44 New Zealand does not have a state religion, but the principal religion is Christianity. As recorded in the 2013 census, about 49 percent of the population identified themselves as Christians, although regular church attendance is estimated at 15 percent. Another 41.9 percent indicated that they had no religion ( up from 34.7 percent in 2006 ) and around 6 percent affiliated with other religions. The indigenous religion of the Māori population was animistic, but with the arrival of missionaries from the early nineteenth century most of the Māori population converted to Christianity. In the 2013 census, 2,595 Māori still identify themselves as adhering to traditional Māori beliefs. The largest Christian denominations are Roman Catholicism, Anglicanism, Presbyterianism. There are also significant numbers of Christians who identify themselves with Methodist, Pentecostal, Baptist and Latter - day Saint churches, and the New Zealand - based Rātana church has adherents among Māori. Immigration and associated demographic change in recent decades has contributed to the growth of minority religions, especially Hinduism, Buddhism and Islam. Income Main article : Economy of New Zealand New Zealand 's early economy was based on sealing, whaling, flax, gold, kauri gum, and native timber. During the 1880s agricultural products became the highest export earner and farming was a major occupation within New Zealand. Farming is still a major employer, with 75 000 people indicating farming as their occupation during the 2006 census, although dairy farming has recently taken over from sheep as the largest sector. The largest occupation recorded during the census was sales assistant with 93,840 people. Most people are on wages or salaries ( 59.9 percent ), with the other sources of income being interest and investments ( 24.1 percent ) and self - employment ( 16.6 percent ). In 1982 New Zealand had the lowest per - capita income of all the developed nations surveyed by the World Bank. In 2010 the estimated gross domestic product ( GDP ) at purchasing power parity ( PPP ) per capita was roughly US $28,250, between the thirty - first and fifty - first highest for all countries. The median personal income in 2006 was $24,400. This was up from $15,600 in 1996, with the largest increases in the $50,000 to $70,000 bracket. The median income for men was $31,500, $12,400 more than women. The highest median personal income were for people identifying with the European or `` other '' ethnic group, while the lowest was from the Asian ethnic group. The median income for people identifying as Māori was $20,900. In 2013, the median personal income had risen slightly to $28,500. Unemployment peaked above 10 percent in 1991 and 1992, before falling to a record low of 3.7 percent in 2007 ( ranking third from twenty - seven comparable OECD nations ). Unemployment rose back to 7 percent in late 2009. In the June 2017 quarter, unemployment had fallen to 4.8 percent. This is the lowest unemployment rate since December 2008, after the start of the global financial crisis, when it was 4.4 percent. Most New Zealanders do some form of voluntary work, more women volunteer ( 92 percent ) than males ( 86 percent ). Home ownership has declined since 1991, from 73.8 percent to 66.9 percent in 2006. See also New Zealand portal Demographics of Auckland Demographics of the Cook Islands, associated with New Zealand Health care in New Zealand List of cities in New Zealand New Zealand census Social class in New Zealand Notes ^ Jump up to : Percentages of responses in the 2013 census. People could choose to identify with more than one ethnic group, therefore percentages do not add up to 100. Jump up ^ When completing the census people could select more than one ethnic group ( for instance, 53.5 percent of Māori identified with two or more ethnic groups, compared with 46.5 percent who identified solely as Māori. ) The proportions of people adding up to each ethnic group do not therefore add up to 100 percent. Jump up ^ In 2015, 55 percent of Māori adults ( aged 15 years and over ) reported some knowledge of te reo Māori. Of these speakers, 64 percent use Māori at home and 50,000 can speak the language `` very well '' or `` well ''. Jump up ^ Of the 86,403 people that replied they spoke Samoan, 51,336 lived in the Auckland Region. Jump up ^ Tertiary education in New Zealand is used to describe all aspects of post-school education and training. Its ranges from informal non-assessed community courses in schools through to undergraduate degrees and advanced, research - based postgraduate degrees. Jump up ^ This table includes all people who stated each religious affiliation, whether as their only religious affiliation or as one of several. Where a person reported more than one religious affiliation, they were counted in each applicable group. ^ Jump up to : Including churches designated as `` Māori Christian '', such as the Rātana church. Jump up ^ PPP GDP estimates from different organisations vary. The International Monetary Fund 's estimate is US $27,420, ranked 32. The CIA World Factbook estimate is $28,000, ranked 51. The World Bank 's estimate is US $29,352, ranked 31. 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ISBN 978 - 3 - 11 - 017532 - 5. 2013 Census QuickStats, Statistics New Zealand, 2013, ISBN 978 - 0 - 478 - 40864 - 5 New Zealand articles History Timeline Military history Treaty of Waitangi New Zealand Wars Women 's suffrage New Zealand and Antarctica Colony Dominion Independence Geography Biodiversity Caves Climate Earthquakes Environment Geology Islands North Island South Island Lakes Marine reserves National parks Rivers Time zones Cities Auckland Christchurch Dunedin Hamilton Invercargill New Plymouth Napier -- Hastings Nelson Palmerston North Rotorua Tauranga Wellington capital Subdivisions Regions Territorial authorities Politics Constitution Elections Electoral system Political parties Foreign relations Human rights Disability Intersex LGBT Transgender Judiciary Supreme Court Chief Justice Law enforcement Military Monarchy Parliament ( House of Representatives ) Government Cabinet Governor - General list Ministers Ministries Prime Minister list Economy Agriculture Companies Energy Rogernomics Taxation Telecommunications Tourism Transportation Society Citizenship Crime Demographics Education Immigration Languages Māori New Zealand English New Zealand Sign Language People `` Kiwi '' Māori Culture Architecture Art Cinema Cuisine Literature Māori culture Media Music National symbols Coat of arms Flag Public holidays Radio Religion Sport Television Outline Book Portal Immigration to New Zealand List of ethnic origins of New Zealanders From Africa Egyptian South African Zimbabwean From the Americas American Canadian From the Middle East Arab Iranian Iraqi Israeli Jewish Lebanese Turkish From Asia Afghan Bangladeshi Burmese Cambodian Chinese Filipino Indian Tamil Indonesian Japanese Korean Malaysian Nepali Pakistani Sri Lankan Thai Vietnamese From Europe Albanian Austrian British English Scottish Welsh Croatian Danish Dutch Finnish French German Greek Hungarian Icelandic Irish Italian Norwegian Polish Portuguese Russian Serbian Spanish Swedish Ukrainian From Oceania Australian Samoan Tongan See also Refugees in New Zealand Immigration New Zealand Demographics of Oceania Sovereign states Australia Federated States of Micronesia Fiji Kiribati Marshall Islands Nauru New Zealand Palau Papua New Guinea Samoa Solomon Islands Tonga Tuvalu Vanuatu Associated states of New Zealand Cook Islands Niue Dependencies and other territories American Samoa Christmas Island Cocos ( Keeling ) Islands Easter Island French Polynesia Guam Hawaii New Caledonia Norfolk Island Northern Mariana Islands Pitcairn Islands Tokelau Wallis and Futuna Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Demographics_of_New_Zealand&oldid=836771189 '' Categories : Demographics of New Zealand Ethnic groups in New Zealand Immigration to New Zealand Hidden categories : Use British English from August 2011 Use dmy dates from August 2012 Good articles Talk Contents About Wikipedia Languages বাংলা Български Cymraeg Español Français Galego Português Русский Српски / srpski Українська 中文 4 more Edit links This page was last edited on 16 April 2018, at 19 : 12. 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Question: what percent of new zealand's population live in auckland
Answer: one-third of the country's population