Edgar Allan Poe - wikipedia Edgar Allan Poe `` Poe '' redirects here. For other uses, see Poe ( disambiguation ). This article is about the American writer. For a relative, see Edgar Allan Poe ( Maryland attorney general ). For other uses, see Edgar Allan Poe ( disambiguation ). Edgar Allan Poe 1849 `` Annie '' daguerreotype of Poe Edgar Poe ( 1809 - 01 - 19 ) January 19, 1809 Boston, Massachusetts, U.S. October 7, 1849 ( 1849 - 10 - 07 ) ( aged 40 ) Baltimore, Maryland, U.S. Alma mater University of Virginia United States Military Academy Spouse Virginia Eliza Clemm Poe ( m. 1836 ; d. 1847 ) Signature Edgar Allan Poe ( / poʊ / ; born Edgar Poe ; January 19, 1809 -- October 7, 1849 ) was an American writer, editor, and literary critic. Poe is best known for his poetry and short stories, particularly his tales of mystery and the macabre. He is widely regarded as a central figure of Romanticism in the United States and American literature as a whole, and he was one of the country 's earliest practitioners of the short story. Poe is generally considered the inventor of the detective fiction genre and is further credited with contributing to the emerging genre of science fiction. He was the first well - known American writer to try to earn a living through writing alone, resulting in a financially difficult life and career. Poe was born in Boston, the second child of two actors. His father abandoned the family in 1810, and his mother died the following year. Thus orphaned, the child was taken in by John and Frances Allan of Richmond, Virginia. They never formally adopted him, but Poe was with them well into young adulthood. Tension developed later as John Allan and Edgar repeatedly clashed over debts, including those incurred by gambling, and the cost of secondary education for the young man. Poe attended the University of Virginia for one semester but left due to lack of money. Poe quarreled with Allan over the funds for his education and enlisted in the Army in 1827 under an assumed name. It was at this time that his publishing career began, albeit humbly, with the anonymous collection of poems Tamerlane and Other Poems ( 1827 ), credited only to `` a Bostonian ''. With the death of Frances Allan in 1829, Poe and Allan reached a temporary rapprochement. However, Poe later failed as an officer cadet at West Point, declaring a firm wish to be a poet and writer, and he ultimately parted ways with John Allan. Poe switched his focus to prose and spent the next several years working for literary journals and periodicals, becoming known for his own style of literary criticism. His work forced him to move among several cities, including Baltimore, Philadelphia, and New York City. In Richmond in 1836, he married Virginia Clemm, his 13 - year - old cousin. In January 1845, Poe published his poem `` The Raven '' to instant success. His wife died of tuberculosis two years after its publication. For years, he had been planning to produce his own journal The Penn ( later renamed The Stylus ), though he died before it could be produced. Poe died in Baltimore on October 7, 1849, at age 40 ; the cause of his death is unknown and has been variously attributed to alcohol, brain congestion, cholera, drugs, heart disease, rabies, suicide, tuberculosis, and other agents. Poe and his works influenced literature in the United States and around the world, as well as in specialized fields such as cosmology and cryptography. Poe and his work appear throughout popular culture in literature, music, films, and television. A number of his homes are dedicated museums today. The Mystery Writers of America present an annual award known as the Edgar Award for distinguished work in the mystery genre. Contents 1 Life and career 1.1 Early life 1.2 Military career 1.3 Publishing career 2 Death 2.1 Griswold 's `` Memoir '' 3 Literary style and themes 3.1 Genres 3.2 Literary theory 4 Legacy 4.1 Literary influence 4.2 Physics and cosmology 4.3 Cryptography 5 In popular culture 5.1 As a character 5.2 Preserved homes, landmarks, and museums 5.3 Poe Toaster 6 Selected list of works 7 See also 8 References 8.1 Sources 9 Further reading 10 External links Life and career Early life This plaque in Boston marks the approximate location where Edgar Poe was born. He was born Edgar Poe in Boston on January 19, 1809, the second child of English - born actress Elizabeth Arnold Hopkins Poe and actor David Poe, Jr... He had an elder brother William Henry Leonard Poe, and a younger sister Rosalie Poe. Their grandfather David Poe Sr. had emigrated from Cavan, Ireland to America around the year 1750. Edgar may have been named after a character in William Shakespeare 's King Lear, a play that the couple were performing in 1809. His father abandoned their family in 1810, and his mother died a year later from consumption ( pulmonary tuberculosis ). Poe was then taken into the home of John Allan, a successful Scottish merchant in Richmond, Virginia who dealt in a variety of goods, including tobacco, cloth, wheat, tombstones, and slaves. The Allans served as a foster family and gave him the name `` Edgar Allan Poe '', though they never formally adopted him. The Allan family had Poe baptized in the Episcopal Church in 1812. John Allan alternately spoiled and aggressively disciplined his foster son. The family sailed to Britain in 1815, and Poe attended the grammar school for a short period in Irvine, Scotland ( where John Allan was born ) before rejoining the family in London in 1816. There he studied at a boarding school in Chelsea until summer 1817. He was subsequently entered at the Reverend John Bransby 's Manor House School at Stoke Newington, then a suburb 4 miles ( 6.4 km ) north of London. Poe moved with the Allans back to Richmond, Virginia in 1820. In 1824, Poe served as the lieutenant of the Richmond youth honor guard as Richmond celebrated the visit of the Marquis de Lafayette. In March 1825, John Allan 's uncle and business benefactor William Galt, said to be one of the wealthiest men in Richmond, died, leaving Allan several acres of real estate. The inheritance was estimated at $750,000. By summer 1825, Allan celebrated his expansive wealth by purchasing a two - story brick home named Moldavia. Poe may have become engaged to Sarah Elmira Royster before he registered at the one - year - old University of Virginia in February 1826 to study ancient and modern languages. The university, in its infancy, was established on the ideals of its founder Thomas Jefferson. It had strict rules against gambling, horses, guns, tobacco, and alcohol, but these rules were generally ignored. Jefferson had enacted a system of student self - government, allowing students to choose their own studies, make their own arrangements for boarding, and report all wrongdoing to the faculty. The unique system was still in chaos, and there was a high dropout rate. During his time there, Poe lost touch with Royster and also became estranged from his foster father over gambling debts. Poe claimed that Allan had not given him sufficient money to register for classes, purchase texts, and procure and furnish a dormitory. Allan did send additional money and clothes, but Poe 's debts increased. Poe gave up on the university after a year, not feeling welcome in Richmond, especially when he learned that his sweetheart Royster had married Alexander Shelton. He traveled to Boston in April 1827, sustaining himself with odd jobs as a clerk and newspaper writer. At some point, he started using the pseudonym Henri Le Rennet. Military career Poe was first stationed at Boston 's Fort Independence while in the army. Poe was unable to support himself, so he enlisted in the United States Army as a private on May 27, 1827, using the name `` Edgar A. Perry ''. He claimed that he was 22 years old even though he was 18. He first served at Fort Independence in Boston Harbor for five dollars a month. That same year, he released his first book, a 40 - page collection of poetry titled Tamerlane and Other Poems, attributed with the byline `` by a Bostonian ''. Only 50 copies were printed, and the book received virtually no attention. Poe 's regiment was posted to Fort Moultrie in Charleston, South Carolina and traveled by ship on the brig Waltham on November 8, 1827. Poe was promoted to `` artificer '', an enlisted tradesman who prepared shells for artillery, and had his monthly pay doubled. He served for two years and attained the rank of Sergeant Major for Artillery ( the highest rank that a noncommissioned officer could achieve ) ; he then sought to end his five - year enlistment early. He revealed his real name and his circumstances to his commanding officer, Lieutenant Howard. Howard would only allow Poe to be discharged if he reconciled with John Allan and wrote a letter to Allan, who was unsympathetic. Several months passed and pleas to Allan were ignored ; Allan may not have written to Poe even to make him aware of his foster mother 's illness. Frances Allan died on February 28, 1829, and Poe visited the day after her burial. Perhaps softened by his wife 's death, John Allan agreed to support Poe 's attempt to be discharged in order to receive an appointment to the United States Military Academy at West Point. Poe finally was discharged on April 15, 1829, after securing a replacement to finish his enlisted term for him. Before entering West Point, Poe moved back to Baltimore for a time to stay with his widowed aunt Maria Clemm, her daughter Virginia Eliza Clemm ( Poe 's first cousin ), his brother Henry, and his invalid grandmother Elizabeth Cairnes Poe. Meanwhile, Poe published his second book Al Aaraaf, Tamerlane and Minor Poems in Baltimore in 1829. Poe traveled to West Point and matriculated as a cadet on July 1, 1830. In October 1830, John Allan married his second wife Louisa Patterson. The marriage and bitter quarrels with Poe over the children born to Allan out of affairs led to the foster father finally disowning Poe. Poe decided to leave West Point by purposely getting court - martialed. On February 8, 1831, he was tried for gross neglect of duty and disobedience of orders for refusing to attend formations, classes, or church. Poe tactically pleaded not guilty to induce dismissal, knowing that he would be found guilty. He left for New York in February 1831 and released a third volume of poems, simply titled Poems. The book was financed with help from his fellow cadets at West Point, many of whom donated 75 cents to the cause, raising a total of $170. They may have been expecting verses similar to the satirical ones that Poe had been writing about commanding officers. It was printed by Elam Bliss of New York, labeled as `` Second Edition, '' and including a page saying, `` To the U.S. Corps of Cadets this volume is respectfully dedicated ''. The book once again reprinted the long poems `` Tamerlane '' and `` Al Aaraaf '' but also six previously unpublished poems, including early versions of `` To Helen '', `` Israfel '', and `` The City in the Sea ''. He returned to Baltimore to his aunt, brother, and cousin in March 1831. His elder brother Henry had been in ill health, in part due to problems with alcoholism, and he died on August 1, 1831. Publishing career After his brother 's death, Poe began more earnest attempts to start his career as a writer. He chose a difficult time in American publishing to do so. He was the first well - known American to try to live by writing alone and was hampered by the lack of an international copyright law. Publishers often produced unauthorized copies of British works rather than paying for new work by Americans. The industry was also particularly hurt by the Panic of 1837. There was a booming growth in American periodicals around this time period, fueled in part by new technology, but many did not last beyond a few issues and publishers often refused to pay their writers, or paid them much later than they promised. Throughout his attempts to live as a writer, Poe repeatedly had to resort to humiliating pleas for money and other assistance. In 1835, Poe, then 26, obtained a license to marry his 13 - year - old cousin Virginia Clemm. They were married for eleven years until her early death, which may have inspired some of his writing. After his early attempts at poetry, Poe had turned his attention to prose. He placed a few stories with a Philadelphia publication and began work on his only drama Politian. The Baltimore Saturday Visiter awarded Poe a prize in October 1833 for his short story `` MS. Found in a Bottle ''. The story brought him to the attention of John P. Kennedy, a Baltimorean of considerable means. He helped Poe place some of his stories, and introduced him to Thomas W. White, editor of the Southern Literary Messenger in Richmond. Poe became assistant editor of the periodical in August 1835, but was discharged within a few weeks for having been caught drunk by his boss. Returning to Baltimore, Poe obtained a license to marry his cousin Virginia on September 22, 1835, though it is unknown if they were married at that time. He was 26 and she was 13. He was reinstated by White after promising good behavior, and went back to Richmond with Virginia and her mother. He remained at the Messenger until January 1837. During this period, Poe claimed that its circulation increased from 700 to 3,500. He published several poems, book reviews, critiques, and stories in the paper. On May 16, 1836, he and Virginia Clemm held a Presbyterian wedding ceremony at their Richmond boarding house, with a witness falsely attesting Clemm 's age as 21. The Narrative of Arthur Gordon Pym of Nantucket was published and widely reviewed in 1838. In the summer of 1839, Poe became assistant editor of Burton 's Gentleman 's Magazine. He published numerous articles, stories, and reviews, enhancing his reputation as a trenchant critic which he had established at the Southern Literary Messenger. Also in 1839, the collection Tales of the Grotesque and Arabesque was published in two volumes, though he made little money from it and it received mixed reviews. Poe left Burton 's after about a year and found a position as assistant at Graham 's Magazine. In June 1840, Poe published a prospectus announcing his intentions to start his own journal called The Stylus. Originally, Poe intended to call the journal The Penn, as it would have been based in Philadelphia. In the June 6, 1840 issue of Philadelphia 's Saturday Evening Post, Poe bought advertising space for his prospectus : `` Prospectus of the Penn Magazine, a Monthly Literary journal to be edited and published in the city of Philadelphia by Edgar A. Poe. '' The journal was never produced before Poe 's death. Around this time, he attempted to secure a position with the Tyler administration, claiming that he was a member of the Whig Party. He hoped to be appointed to the Custom House in Philadelphia with help from President Tyler 's son Robert, an acquaintance of Poe 's friend Frederick Thomas. Poe failed to show up for a meeting with Thomas to discuss the appointment in mid-September 1842, claiming to have been sick, though Thomas believed that he had been drunk. Though he was promised an appointment, all positions were filled by others. Poe spent the last few years of his life in this small cottage in Fordham, in what is now the Bronx. One evening in January 1842, Virginia showed the first signs of consumption, now known as tuberculosis, while singing and playing the piano. Poe described it as breaking a blood vessel in her throat. She only partially recovered. Poe began to drink more heavily under the stress of Virginia 's illness. He left Graham 's and attempted to find a new position, for a time angling for a government post. He returned to New York where he worked briefly at the Evening Mirror before becoming editor of the Broadway Journal and, later, sole owner. There he alienated himself from other writers by publicly accusing Henry Wadsworth Longfellow of plagiarism, though Longfellow never responded. On January 29, 1845, his poem `` The Raven '' appeared in the Evening Mirror and became a popular sensation. It made Poe a household name almost instantly, though he was paid only $9 for its publication. It was concurrently published in The American Review : A Whig Journal under the pseudonym `` Quarles ''. The Broadway Journal failed in 1846. Poe moved to a cottage in Fordham, New York, in what is now the Bronx. That home is known today as the `` Poe Cottage '' on the southeast corner of the Grand Concourse and Kingsbridge Road, where he befriended the Jesuits at St. John 's College nearby ( now Fordham University ). Virginia died there on January 30, 1847. Biographers and critics often suggest that Poe 's frequent theme of the `` death of a beautiful woman '' stems from the repeated loss of women throughout his life, including his wife. Poe was increasingly unstable after his wife 's death. He attempted to court poet Sarah Helen Whitman who lived in Providence, Rhode Island. Their engagement failed, purportedly because of Poe 's drinking and erratic behavior. There is also strong evidence that Whitman 's mother intervened and did much to derail their relationship. Poe then returned to Richmond and resumed a relationship with his childhood sweetheart Sarah Elmira Royster. Death Edgar Allan Poe is buried at Westminster Hall in Baltimore, Maryland ( Lat : 39.29027 ; Long : - 76.62333 ). The circumstances and cause of his death remain uncertain. Main article : Death of Edgar Allan Poe On October 3, 1849, Poe was found delirious on the streets of Baltimore, `` in great distress, and... in need of immediate assistance '', according to Joseph W. Walker who found him. He was taken to the Washington Medical College where he died on Sunday, October 7, 1849 at 5 : 00 in the morning. Poe was never coherent long enough to explain how he came to be in his dire condition and, oddly, was wearing clothes that were not his own. He is said to have repeatedly called out the name `` Reynolds '' on the night before his death, though it is unclear to whom he was referring. Some sources say that Poe 's final words were `` Lord help my poor soul ''. All medical records have been lost, including his death certificate. Newspapers at the time reported Poe 's death as `` congestion of the brain '' or `` cerebral inflammation '', common euphemisms for deaths from disreputable causes such as alcoholism. The actual cause of death remains a mystery. Speculation has included delirium tremens, heart disease, epilepsy, syphilis, meningeal inflammation, cholera, and rabies. One theory dating from 1872 suggests that cooping was the cause of Poe 's death, a form of electoral fraud in which citizens were forced to vote for a particular candidate, sometimes leading to violence and even murder. Griswold 's `` Memoir '' The day that Edgar Allan Poe was buried, a long obituary appeared in the New York Tribune signed `` Ludwig ''. It was soon published throughout the country. The piece began, `` Edgar Allan Poe is dead. He died in Baltimore the day before yesterday. This announcement will startle many, but few will be grieved by it. '' `` Ludwig '' was soon identified as Rufus Wilmot Griswold, an editor, critic, and anthologist who had borne a grudge against Poe since 1842. Griswold somehow became Poe 's literary executor and attempted to destroy his enemy 's reputation after his death. Rufus Griswold wrote a biographical article of Poe called `` Memoir of the Author '', which he included in an 1850 volume of the collected works. Griswold depicted Poe as a depraved, drunken, drug - addled madman and included Poe 's letters as evidence. Many of his claims were either lies or distorted half - truths. For example, it is now known that Poe was not a drug addict. Griswold 's book was denounced by those who knew Poe well, but it became a popularly accepted one. This occurred in part because it was the only full biography available and was widely reprinted, and in part because readers thrilled at the thought of reading works by an `` evil '' man. Letters that Griswold presented as proof of this depiction of Poe were later revealed as forgeries. Literary style and themes 1845 portrait by Samuel Stillman Osgood Genres Poe 's best known fiction works are Gothic, a genre that he followed to appease the public taste. His most recurring themes deal with questions of death, including its physical signs, the effects of decomposition, concerns of premature burial, the reanimation of the dead, and mourning. Many of his works are generally considered part of the dark romanticism genre, a literary reaction to transcendentalism which Poe strongly disliked. He referred to followers of the transcendental movement as `` Frog - Pondians '', after the pond on Boston Common, and ridiculed their writings as `` metaphor -- run mad, '' lapsing into `` obscurity for obscurity 's sake '' or `` mysticism for mysticism 's sake ''. Poe once wrote in a letter to Thomas Holley Chivers that he did not dislike Transcendentalists, `` only the pretenders and sophists among them ''. Beyond horror, Poe also wrote satires, humor tales, and hoaxes. For comic effect, he used irony and ludicrous extravagance, often in an attempt to liberate the reader from cultural conformity. `` Metzengerstein '' is the first story that Poe is known to have published and his first foray into horror, but it was originally intended as a burlesque satirizing the popular genre. Poe also reinvented science fiction, responding in his writing to emerging technologies such as hot air balloons in `` The Balloon - Hoax ''. Poe wrote much of his work using themes aimed specifically at mass - market tastes. To that end, his fiction often included elements of popular pseudosciences, such as phrenology and physiognomy. Literary theory Poe 's writing reflects his literary theories, which he presented in his criticism and also in essays such as `` The Poetic Principle ''. He disliked didacticism and allegory, though he believed that meaning in literature should be an undercurrent just beneath the surface. Works with obvious meanings, he wrote, cease to be art. He believed that work of quality should be brief and focus on a specific single effect. To that end, he believed that the writer should carefully calculate every sentiment and idea. Poe describes his method in writing `` The Raven '' in the essay `` The Philosophy of Composition '', and he claims to have strictly followed this method. It has been questioned whether he really followed this system, however. T.S. Eliot said : `` It is difficult for us to read that essay without reflecting that if Poe plotted out his poem with such calculation, he might have taken a little more pains over it : the result hardly does credit to the method. '' Biographer Joseph Wood Krutch described the essay as `` a rather highly ingenious exercise in the art of rationalization ''. Legacy Illustration by French impressionist Édouard Manet for the Stéphane Mallarmé translation of `` The Raven '', 1875. Digitally restored. Literary influence During his lifetime, Poe was mostly recognized as a literary critic. Fellow critic James Russell Lowell called him `` the most discriminating, philosophical, and fearless critic upon imaginative works who has written in America '', suggesting -- rhetorically -- that he occasionally used prussic acid instead of ink. Poe 's caustic reviews earned him the reputation of being a `` tomahawk man ''. A favorite target of Poe 's criticism was Boston 's acclaimed poet Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, who was often defended by his literary friends in what was later called `` The Longfellow War ''. Poe accused Longfellow of `` the heresy of the didactic '', writing poetry that was preachy, derivative, and thematically plagiarized. Poe correctly predicted that Longfellow 's reputation and style of poetry would decline, concluding, `` We grant him high qualities, but deny him the Future ''. Poe was also known as a writer of fiction and became one of the first American authors of the 19th century to become more popular in Europe than in the United States. Poe is particularly respected in France, in part due to early translations by Charles Baudelaire. Baudelaire 's translations became definitive renditions of Poe 's work throughout Europe. Poe 's early detective fiction tales featuring C. Auguste Dupin laid the groundwork for future detectives in literature. Sir Arthur Conan Doyle said, `` Each ( of Poe 's detective stories ) is a root from which a whole literature has developed... Where was the detective story until Poe breathed the breath of life into it ? '' The Mystery Writers of America have named their awards for excellence in the genre the `` Edgars ''. Poe 's work also influenced science fiction, notably Jules Verne, who wrote a sequel to Poe 's novel The Narrative of Arthur Gordon Pym of Nantucket called An Antarctic Mystery, also known as The Sphinx of the Ice Fields. Science fiction author H.G. Wells noted, `` Pym tells what a very intelligent mind could imagine about the south polar region a century ago. '' In 2013, The Guardian cited The Narrative of Arthur Gordon Pym of Nantucket as one of the greatest novels ever written in the English language, and noted its influence on later authors such as Henry James, Arthur Conan Doyle, B. Traven, and David Morrell. Like many famous artists, Poe 's works have spawned imitators. One trend among imitators of Poe has been claims by clairvoyants or psychics to be `` channeling '' poems from Poe 's spirit. One of the most notable of these was Lizzie Doten, who published Poems from the Inner Life in 1863, in which she claimed to have `` received '' new compositions by Poe 's spirit. The compositions were re-workings of famous Poe poems such as `` The Bells '', but which reflected a new, positive outlook. 1848 `` Ultima Thule '' daguerreotype of Poe Even so, Poe has received not only praise, but criticism as well. This is partly because of the negative perception of his personal character and its influence upon his reputation. William Butler Yeats was occasionally critical of Poe and once called him `` vulgar ''. Transcendentalist Ralph Waldo Emerson reacted to `` The Raven '' by saying, `` I see nothing in it '', and derisively referred to Poe as `` the jingle man ''. Aldous Huxley wrote that Poe 's writing `` falls into vulgarity '' by being `` too poetical '' -- the equivalent of wearing a diamond ring on every finger. It is believed that only 12 copies have survived of Poe 's first book Tamerlane and Other Poems. In December 2009, one copy sold at Christie 's, New York for $662,500, a record price paid for a work of American literature. Physics and cosmology Eureka : A Prose Poem, an essay written in 1848, included a cosmological theory that presaged the Big Bang theory by 80 years, as well as the first plausible solution to Olbers ' paradox. Poe eschewed the scientific method in Eureka and instead wrote from pure intuition. For this reason, he considered it a work of art, not science, but insisted that it was still true and considered it to be his career masterpiece. Even so, Eureka is full of scientific errors. In particular, Poe 's suggestions ignored Newtonian principles regarding the density and rotation of planets. Cryptography Poe had a keen interest in cryptography. He had placed a notice of his abilities in the Philadelphia paper Alexander 's Weekly ( Express ) Messenger, inviting submissions of ciphers which he proceeded to solve. In July 1841, Poe had published an essay called `` A Few Words on Secret Writing '' in Graham 's Magazine. Capitalizing on public interest in the topic, he wrote `` The Gold - Bug '' incorporating ciphers as an essential part of the story. Poe 's success with cryptography relied not so much on his deep knowledge of that field ( his method was limited to the simple substitution cryptogram ) as on his knowledge of the magazine and newspaper culture. His keen analytical abilities, which were so evident in his detective stories, allowed him to see that the general public was largely ignorant of the methods by which a simple substitution cryptogram can be solved, and he used this to his advantage. The sensation that Poe created with his cryptography stunts played a major role in popularizing cryptograms in newspapers and magazines. Poe had an influence on cryptography beyond increasing public interest during his lifetime. William Friedman, America 's foremost cryptologist, was heavily influenced by Poe. Friedman 's initial interest in cryptography came from reading `` The Gold - Bug '' as a child, an interest that he later put to use in deciphering Japan 's PURPLE code during World War II. In popular culture As a character Main articles : Edgar Allan Poe in popular culture and Edgar Allan Poe in television and film The historical Edgar Allan Poe has appeared as a fictionalized character, often representing the `` mad genius '' or `` tormented artist '' and exploiting his personal struggles. Many such depictions also blend in with characters from his stories, suggesting that Poe and his characters share identities. Often, fictional depictions of Poe use his mystery - solving skills in such novels as The Poe Shadow by Matthew Pearl. Preserved homes, landmarks, and museums The Edgar Allan Poe National Historic Site in Philadelphia is one of several preserved former residences of Poe. No childhood home of Poe is still standing, including the Allan family 's Moldavia estate. The oldest standing home in Richmond, the Old Stone House, is in use as the Edgar Allan Poe Museum, though Poe never lived there. The collection includes many items that Poe used during his time with the Allan family, and also features several rare first printings of Poe works. 13 West Range is the dorm room that Poe is believed to have used while studying at the University of Virginia in 1826 ; it is preserved and available for visits. Its upkeep is now overseen by a group of students and staff known as the Raven Society. The earliest surviving home in which Poe lived is in Baltimore, preserved as the Edgar Allan Poe House and Museum. Poe is believed to have lived in the home at the age of 23 when he first lived with Maria Clemm and Virginia ( as well as his grandmother and possibly his brother William Henry Leonard Poe ). It is open to the public and is also the home of the Edgar Allan Poe Society. Of the several homes that Poe, his wife Virginia, and his mother - in - law Maria rented in Philadelphia, only the last house has survived. The Spring Garden home, where the author lived in 1843 -- 1844, is today preserved by the National Park Service as the Edgar Allan Poe National Historic Site. Poe 's final home is preserved as the Edgar Allan Poe Cottage in the Bronx. In Boston, a commemorative plaque on Boylston Street is several blocks away from the actual location of Poe 's birth. The house which was his birthplace at 62 Carver Street no longer exists ; also, the street has since been renamed `` Charles Street South ''. A `` square '' at the intersection of Broadway, Fayette, and Carver Streets had once been named in his honor, but it disappeared when the streets were rearranged. In 2009, the intersection of Charles and Boylston Streets ( two blocks north of his birthplace ) was designated `` Edgar Allan Poe Square ''. In March 2014, fundraising was completed for construction of a permanent memorial sculpture at this location. The winning design by Stefanie Rocknak depicts a life - sized Poe striding against the wind, accompanied by a flying raven ; his suitcase lid has fallen open, leaving a `` paper trail '' of literary works embedded in the sidewalk behind him. The public unveiling on October 5, 2014 was attended by former US poet laureate Robert Pinsky. Other Poe landmarks include a building in the Upper West Side where Poe temporarily lived when he first moved to New York. A plaque suggests that Poe wrote `` The Raven '' here. The bar still stands where legend says that Poe was last seen drinking before his death, in Fells Point in Baltimore. The drinking establishment is now known as `` The Horse You Came In On '', and local lore insists that a ghost whom they call `` Edgar '' haunts the rooms above. Poe Toaster Main article : Poe Toaster For decades, every January 19, a bottle of cognac and three roses were left at Poe 's original grave marker by an unknown visitor affectionately referred to as the `` Poe Toaster ''. On August 15, 2007, Sam Porpora, a former historian at the Westminster Church in Baltimore where Poe is buried, claimed that he had started the tradition in 1949. Porpora said that the tradition began in order to raise money and enhance the profile of the church. His story has not been confirmed, and some details which he gave to the press are factually inaccurate. The Poe Toaster 's last appearance was on January 19, 2009, the day of Poe 's bicentennial. Selected list of works Main article : Edgar Allan Poe bibliography Tales `` The Black Cat '' `` The Cask of Amontillado '' `` A Descent into the Maelström '' `` The Facts in the Case of M. Valdemar '' `` The Fall of the House of Usher '' `` The Gold - Bug '' `` Hop - Frog '' `` The Imp of the Perverse '' `` Ligeia '' `` The Masque of the Red Death '' `` Morella '' `` The Murders in the Rue Morgue '' `` The Oval Portrait '' `` The Pit and the Pendulum '' `` The Premature Burial '' `` The Purloined Letter '' `` The System of Doctor Tarr and Professor Fether '' `` The Tell - Tale Heart '' Poetry `` Al Aaraaf '' `` Annabel Lee '' `` The Bells '' `` The City in the Sea '' `` The Conqueror Worm '' `` A Dream Within a Dream '' `` Eldorado '' `` Eulalie '' `` The Haunted Palace '' `` To Helen '' `` Lenore '' `` Tamerlane '' `` The Raven '' `` Ulalume '' Other works Politian ( 1835 ) -- Poe 's only play The Narrative of Arthur Gordon Pym of Nantucket ( 1838 ) -- Poe 's only complete novel `` The Balloon - Hoax '' ( 1844 ) -- A journalistic hoax printed as a true story `` The Philosophy of Composition '' ( 1846 ) -- Essay Eureka : A Prose Poem ( 1848 ) -- Essay `` The Poetic Principle '' ( 1848 ) -- Essay `` The Light - House '' ( 1849 ) -- Poe 's last incomplete work See also Book : Edgar Allan Poe Horror portal Poetry portal Biography portal Edgar Allan Poe and music Edgar Allan Poe in television and film Edgar Allan Poe in popular culture List of coupled cousins USS E.A. Poe ( IX - 103 ) References Jump up ^ Stableford 2003, pp. 18 -- 19 ^ Jump up to : Meyers 1992, p. 138 ^ Jump up to : Meyers 1992, p. 256 ^ Jump up to : `` Poe & Boston : 2009 ''. The Raven Returns : Edgar Allan Poe Bicentennial Celebration. The Trustees of Boston College. Archived from the original on July 30, 2013. Retrieved May 26, 2012. ^ Jump up to : Allen 1927 Jump up ^ Quinn 1998, p. 13 Jump up ^ Nelson 1981, p. 65 Jump up ^ Canada 1997 Jump up ^ Meyers 1992, p. 8 ^ Jump up to : Meyers 1992, p. 9 Jump up ^ Quinn 1998, p. 61 Jump up ^ Silverman 1991, pp. 16 -- 18 Jump up ^ PoeMuseum.org 2006 Jump up ^ Meyers 1992, p. 20 Jump up ^ Silverman 1991, pp. 27 -- 28 Jump up ^ Silverman 1991, pp. 29 -- 30 Jump up ^ University of Virginia. A Catalogue of the Officers and Students of the University of Virginia. Second Session, Commencing February 1st, 1826. Charlottesville, VA : Chronicle Steam Book Printing House, 1880, p. 10 Jump up ^ Meyers 1992, pp. 21 -- 22 Jump up ^ Silverman 1991, pp. 32 -- 34 ^ Jump up to : Meyers 1992, p. 32 Jump up ^ Silverman 1991, p. 41 Jump up ^ Cornelius 2002, p. 13 Jump up ^ Meyers 1992, pp. 33 -- 34 Jump up ^ Meyers 1992, p. 35 Jump up ^ Silverman 1991, pp. 43 -- 47 Jump up ^ Meyers 1992, p. 38 Jump up ^ Cornelius 2002, pp. 13 -- 14 Jump up ^ Sova 2001, p. 5 Jump up ^ Krutch 1926, p. 32 Jump up ^ Cornelius 2002, p. 14 Jump up ^ Meyers 1992, pp. 54 -- 55 Jump up ^ Hecker 2005, pp. 49 -- 51 Jump up ^ Meyers 1992, pp. 50 -- 51 Jump up ^ Hecker 2005, pp. 53 -- 54 Jump up ^ Quinn 1998, pp. 187 -- 188 Jump up ^ Whalen 2001, p. 64 ^ Jump up to : Quinn 1998, p. 305 Jump up ^ Silverman 1991, p. 247 Jump up ^ Whalen 2001, p. 74 Jump up ^ Silverman 1991, p. 99 Jump up ^ Whalen 2001, p. 82 Jump up ^ Meyers 1992, p. 139 Jump up ^ Sova 2001, p. 162 Jump up ^ Sova 2001, p. 225 Jump up ^ Meyers 1992, p. 73 ^ Jump up to : Silverman 1991, p. 124 Jump up ^ Meyers 1992, p. 85 Jump up ^ Silverman 1991, p. 137 Jump up ^ Meyers 1992, p. 113 Jump up ^ Sova 2001, pp. 39, 99 Jump up ^ Meyers 1992, p. 119 Jump up ^ Silverman 1991, p. 159 Jump up ^ Quinn 1998, pp. 321 -- 322 Jump up ^ Silverman 1991, p. 186 Jump up ^ Meyers 1992, p. 144 Jump up ^ Silverman 1991, p. 187 Jump up ^ Silverman 1991, p. 188 Jump up ^ Silverman 1991, p. 179 ^ Jump up to : Sova 2001, p. 34 Jump up ^ Quinn 1998, p. 455 Jump up ^ Hoffman 1998, p. 80 Jump up ^ Ostram 1987, p. 5 Jump up ^ Silverman 1991, p. 530 Jump up ^ Schroth, Raymond A. Fordham : A History and Memoir. New York : Fordham University Press, 2008 : 22 -- 25. ^ Jump up to : BronxHistoricalSociety.org 2007 Jump up ^ Weekes 2002, p. 149 Jump up ^ Benton 1987, p. 19 Jump up ^ Quinn 1998, p. 628 Jump up ^ Quinn 1998, p. 638 ^ Jump up to : Meyers 1992, p. 255 Jump up ^ Bramsback 1970, p. 40 Jump up ^ Silverman 1991, pp. 435 -- 436 Jump up ^ Silverman 1991, p. 435 Jump up ^ CrimeLibrary.com 2008 Jump up ^ Benitez 1996 Jump up ^ Walsh 2000, pp. 32 -- 33 Jump up ^ Meyers 1992, p. 259 To read Griswold 's full obituary, see Edgar Allan Poe obituary at Wikisource. ^ Jump up to : Hoffman 1998, p. 14 Jump up ^ Quinn 1998, p. 693 Jump up ^ Sova 2001, p. 101 Jump up ^ Meyers 1992, p. 263 Jump up ^ Quinn 1998, p. 699 Jump up ^ Meyers 1992, p. 64 ^ Jump up to : Royot 2002, p. 57 Jump up ^ Kennedy 1987, p. 3 Jump up ^ Koster 2002, p. 336 ^ Jump up to : Ljunquist 2002, p. 15 Jump up ^ Royot 2002, pp. 61 -- 62 Jump up ^ `` ( Introduction ) '' ( Exhibition at Boston Public Library ). The Raven in the Frog Pond : Edgar Allan Poe and the City of Boston. The Trustees of Boston College. December 17, 2009 -- March 31, 2010. Retrieved 2012 - 05 - 26. Jump up ^ Hayes 2002, p. 16 Jump up ^ Silverman 1991, p. 169 Jump up ^ Silverman 1991, p. 88 Jump up ^ Fisher 1993, pp. 142,149 Jump up ^ Tresch 2002, p. 114 Jump up ^ Whalen 2001, p. 67 Jump up ^ Hungerford 1930, pp. 209 -- 231 Jump up ^ Grayson 2005, pp. 56 -- 77 ^ Jump up to : Krutch 1926, p. 225 Jump up ^ Kagle 1990, p. 104 Jump up ^ Poe 1847, pp. 252 -- 256 Jump up ^ Wilbur 1967, p. 99 Jump up ^ Jannaccone 1974, p. 3 Jump up ^ Hoffman 1998, p. 76 Jump up ^ Krutch 1926, p. 98 Jump up ^ Quinn 1998, p. 432 Jump up ^ Zimmerman, Brett ( 2005 ). Edgar Allan Poe : Rhetoric and Style. Montreal : McGill - Queen 's University Press. pp. 85 -- 87. ISBN 0 - 7735 - 2899 - 7. Jump up ^ Lewis, Paul ( March 6, 2011 ). `` Quoth the detective : Edgar Allan Poe 's case against the Boston literati ''. boston.com. Globe Newspaper Company. Archived from the original on June 3, 2013. Retrieved April 9, 2013. Jump up ^ `` Longfellow 's Serenity and Poe 's Prediction '' ( Exhibition at Boston Public Library and Massachusetts Historical Society ). Forgotten Chapters of Boston 's Literary History. The Trustees of Boston College. March 28 -- July 30, 2012. Retrieved 2012 - 05 - 22. ^ Jump up to : Meyers 1992, p. 258 Jump up ^ Harner 1990, p. 218 Jump up ^ Frank & Magistrale 1997, p. 103 Jump up ^ Neimeyer 2002, p. 206 Jump up ^ Frank & Magistrale 1997, p. 364 Jump up ^ Frank & Magistrale 1997, p. 372 Jump up ^ McCrum, Robert ( November 23, 2013 ). `` The 100 best novels : No 10 -- The Narrative of Arthur Gordon Pym of Nantucket by Edgar Allan Poe ( 1838 ) ''. The Guardian. Archived from the original on September 11, 2016. Retrieved August 8, 2016. Jump up ^ Meyers 1992, p. 281 Jump up ^ Carlson 1996, p. 476 Jump up ^ Meyers 1992, p. 274 Jump up ^ Silverman 1991, p. 265 Jump up ^ New York Times 1894 Jump up ^ Huxley 1967, p. 32 Jump up ^ New York Daily News 2009 Jump up ^ Cappi 1994 Jump up ^ Rombeck 2005 Jump up ^ Harrison 1987 Jump up ^ Smoot & Davidson 1994 ^ Jump up to : Meyers 1992, p. 214 Jump up ^ Silverman 1991, p. 399 Jump up ^ Meyers 1992, p. 219 Jump up ^ Sova 2001, p. 82 ^ Jump up to : Silverman 1991, p. 152 Jump up ^ Rosenheim 1997, pp. 2, 6 Jump up ^ Friedman 1993, pp. 40 -- 41 Jump up ^ Rosenheim 1997, p. 15 Jump up ^ Rosenheim 1997, p. 146 Jump up ^ Neimeyer 2002, p. 209 Jump up ^ Gargano 1967, p. 165 Jump up ^ Maslin 2006 Jump up ^ The Raven Society 2014 Jump up ^ Edgar Allan Poe Society 2007 Jump up ^ Burns 2006 Jump up ^ `` Edgar Allan Poe Birth Place ''. Massachusetts Historical Markers on Waymarking.com. Groundspeak, Inc. Archived from the original on May 15, 2013. Retrieved May 11, 2012. Jump up ^ Van Hoy 2007 Jump up ^ Glenn 2007 Jump up ^ `` An Interactive Map of Literary Boston : 1794 -- 1862 '' ( Exhibition ). Forgotten Chapters of Boston 's Literary History. The Trustees of Boston College. March 28 -- July 30, 2012. Retrieved 2012 - 05 - 22. Jump up ^ Glenn, Joshua ( April 9, 2007 ). `` The house of Poe -- mystery solved ! ''. boston.com. The Boston Globe. Archived from the original on October 26, 2012. Retrieved May 22, 2012. Jump up ^ `` Edgar Allan Poe Square ''. The City Record, and Boston News - letter. Archived from the original on July 10, 2010. Retrieved May 11, 2011. Jump up ^ `` Edgar Allan Poe Square ''. Massachusetts Historical Markers on Waymarking.com. Groundspeak, Inc. Archived from the original on May 15, 2013. Retrieved May 11, 2012. Jump up ^ Fox, Jeremy C. ( February 1, 2013 ). `` Vision for an Edgar Allan Poe memorial in Boston comes closer to reality ''. boston.com ( Boston Globe ). Archived from the original on April 30, 2015. Retrieved April 9, 2013. Jump up ^ Kaiser, Johanna ( April 23, 2012 ). `` Boston chooses life - size Edgar Allan Poe statue to commemorate writer 's ties to city ''. boston.com ( Boston Globe ). Archived from the original on May 29, 2013. Retrieved April 9, 2013. Jump up ^ `` About the project ''. Edgar Allan Poe Square Public Art Project. Edgar Allan Poe Foundation of Boston, Inc. Archived from the original on April 23, 2013. Retrieved April 9, 2013. Jump up ^ Lee, M.G. ( October 5, 2014 ). `` Edgar Allan Poe immortalized in the city he loathed ''. Boston Globe. Archived from the original on July 2, 2015. Retrieved July 2, 2015. Jump up ^ Lake 2006, p. 195 Jump up ^ Hall 2007 Jump up ^ Associated Press 2007 Jump up ^ `` Poe Toaster tribute is ' nevermore ' ''. The Baltimore Sun. Tribune Company. January 19, 2010. Archived from the original on January 20, 2012. Retrieved January 19, 2012. Sources Allen, Hervey ( 1927 ). `` Introduction ''. The Works of Edgar Allan Poe. New York : P.F. Collier & Son. `` Man Reveals Legend of Mystery Visitor to Edgar Allan Poe 's Grave ''. Fox News. Associated Press. August 15, 2007. Retrieved 2007 - 12 - 15. Benitez, R, Michael ( September 15, 1996 ). `` Poe 's Death Is Rewritten as Case of Rabies, Not Telltale Alcohol ''. New York Times. Based on `` A 39 - year - old man with mental status change ''. Maryland Medical Journal. 45 : 765 -- 769. 1996. Benton, Richard P. ( 1987 ). `` Poe 's Literary Labors and Rewards ''. In Fisher, Benjamin Franklin IV. Myths and Reality : The Mysterious Mr. Poe. Baltimore : The Edgar Allan Poe Society. pp. 1 -- 25. ISBN 978 - 0 - 9616449 - 1 - 8. Bramsback, Birgit ( 1970 ). `` The Final Illness and Death of Edgar Allan Poe : An Attempt at Reassessment ''. Studia Neophilologica. University of Uppsala. XLII : 40. doi : 10.1080 / 00393277008587456. BronxHistoricalSociety.org ( 2007 ). `` Edgar Allan Poe Cottage ''. Archived from the original on 2007 - 10 - 11. Archived from the original on 2007 - 10 - 11. Burns, Niccole ( November 15, 2006 ). `` Poe wrote most important works in Philadelphia ''. School of Communication -- University of Miami. Archived from the original on December 15, 2007. Retrieved 2007 - 10 - 13. Cappi, Alberto ( 1994 ). `` Edgar Allan Poe 's Physical Cosmology ''. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society. 35 : 177 -- 192. Bibcode : 1994QJRAS... 35... 177C. Canada, Mark, ed. ( 1997 ). `` Edgar Allan Poe Chronology ''. Canada 's America. Archived from the original on May 18, 2007. Retrieved 2007 - 06 - 03. CrimeLibrary.com ( 2008 ). `` Death Suspicion Cholera ''. Retrieved 2008 - 05 - 09. Carlson, Eric Walter ( 1996 ). A Companion to Poe Studies. Westport, CT : Greenwood Press. ISBN 978 - 0 - 313 - 26506 - 8. Cornelius, Kay ( 2002 ). `` Biography of Edgar Allan Poe ''. In Harold Bloom. Bloom 's BioCritiques : Edgar Allan Poe. Philadelphia, PA : Chelsea House Publishers. ISBN 978 - 0 - 7910 - 6173 - 2. Edgar Allan Poe Society ( 2007 ). `` The Baltimore Poe House and Museum ''. Retrieved 2007 - 10 - 13. Fisher, Benjamin Franklin IV ( 1993 ). `` Poe 's ' Metzengerstein ' : Not a Hoax ( 1971 ) ''. On Poe : The Best from American Literature. Durham, NC : Duke University Press. pp. 142 -- 149. ISBN 978 - 0 - 8223 - 1311 - 3. Foye, Raymond, ed. ( 1980 ). The Unknown Poe ( Paperback ed. ). San Francisco, CA : City Lights. ISBN 0 - 87286 - 110 - 4. Frank, Frederick S. ; Magistrale, Anthony ( 1997 ). The Poe Encyclopedia. Westport, CT : Greenwood Press. ISBN 978 - 0 - 313 - 27768 - 9. Friedman, William F. ( 1993 ). `` Edgar Allan Poe, Cryptographer ( 1936 ) ''. On Poe : The Best from American Literature. Durham, NC : Duke University Press. pp. 40 -- 54. ISBN 978 - 0 - 8223 - 1311 - 3. Gargano, James W. ( 1967 ). `` The Question of Poe 's Narrators ''. In Regan, Robert. Poe : A Collection of Critical Essays. Englewood Cliffs, NJ : Prentice - Hall. p. 165. ISBN 978 - 0 - 13 - 684963 - 6. Glenn, Joshua ( April 9, 2007 ). `` The house of Poe -- mystery solved ! ''. The Boston Globe. Grayson, Eric ( 2005 ). `` Weird Science, Weirder Unity : Phrenology and Physiognomy in Edgar Allan Poe ''. Mode 1 : 56 -- 77. Hall, Wiley ( August 15, 2007 ). `` Poe Fan Takes Credit for Grave Legend ''. USA Today. Associated Press. Harner, Gary Wayne ( 1990 ). `` Edgar Allan Poe in France : Baudelaire 's Labor of Love ''. In Fisher, Benjamin Franklin IV. Poe and His Times : The Artist and His Milieu. Baltimore : The Edgar Allan Poe Society. ISBN 978 - 0 - 9616449 - 2 - 5. Harrison, Edward ( 1987 ). Darkness at Night : A Riddle of the Universe. Cambridge, MA : Harvard University Press. ISBN 978 - 0 - 674 - 19270 - 6. Harrowitz, Nancy ( 1984 ), `` The Body of the Detective Model : Charles S. Peirce and Edgar Allan Poe '', in Umberto Eco ; Thomas Sebeok, The Sign of Three : Dupin, Holmes, Peirce, Bloomington, IN : History Workshop, Indiana University Press, pp. 179 -- 197, ISBN 978 - 0 - 253 - 35235 - 4. Harrowitz discusses Poe 's `` tales of ratiocination '' in the light of Charles Sanders Peirce 's logic of making good guesses or abductive reasoning. Hayes, Kevin J. ( 2002 ). The Cambridge Companion to Edgar Allan Poe. Cambridge : Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978 - 0 - 521 - 79326 - 1. Hecker, William J. ( 2005 ), Private Perry and Mister Poe : The West Point Poems, Baton Rouge, LA : Louisiana State University Press, ISBN 978 - 0 - 8071 - 3054 - 4 Hoffman, Daniel ( 1998 ) ( 1972 ). Poe Poe Poe Poe Poe Poe Poe. Baton Rouge : Louisiana State University Press. ISBN 978 - 0 - 8071 - 2321 - 8. Hungerford, Edward ( 1930 ). `` Poe and Phrenology ''. American Literature. 1 : 209 -- 231. doi : 10.2307 / 2920231. Huxley, Aldous ( 1967 ). `` Vulgarity in Literature ''. In Regan, Robert. Poe : A Collection of Critical Essays. Englewood Cliffs, NJ : Prentice - Hall. p. 32. ISBN 978 - 0 - 13 - 684963 - 6. Jannaccone, Pasquale ( translated by Peter Mitilineos ) ( 1974 ). `` The Aesthetics of Edgar Poe ''. Poe Studies. 7 ( 1 ). doi : 10.1111 / j. 1754 - 6095.1974. tb00224. x. Kagle, Steven E. ( 1990 ). `` The Corpse Within Us ''. In Fisher, Benjamin Franklin IV. Poe and His Times : The Artist and His Milieu. Baltimore : The Edgar Allan Poe Society. ISBN 978 - 0 - 9616449 - 2 - 5. Kennedy, J. Gerald ( 1987 ). Poe, Death, and the Life of Writing. New Haven : Yale University Press. ISBN 978 - 0 - 300 - 03773 - 9. Koster, Donald N. ( 2002 ). `` Influences of Transcendentalism on American Life and Literature ''. In Galens, David. Literary Movements for Students Vol. 1. Detroit : Thompson Gale. Krutch, Joseph Wood ( 1926 ). Edgar Allan Poe : A Study in Genius. New York : Alfred A. Knopf. ( 1992 reprint : ISBN 978 - 0 - 7812 - 6835 - 6 ) Lake, Matt ( 2006 ). Weird Maryland. New York : Sterling Publishing. ISBN 978 - 1 - 4027 - 3906 - 4. Ljunquist, Kent ( 2002 ). `` The poet as critic ''. In Hayes, Kevin J. The Cambridge Companion to Edgar Allan Poe. Cambridge : Cambridge University Press. pp. 7 -- 20. ISBN 978 - 0 - 521 - 79727 - 6. Maslin, Janet ( June 6, 2006 ). `` The Poe Shadow ''. New York Times. Retrieved 2007 - 10 - 13. Meyers, Jeffrey ( 1992 ). Edgar Allan Poe : His Life and Legacy ( Paperback ed. ). New York : Cooper Square Press. ISBN 978 - 0 - 8154 - 1038 - 6. Neimeyer, Mark ( 2002 ). `` Poe and Popular Culture ''. In Hayes, Kevin J. The Cambridge Companion to Edgar Allan Poe. Cambridge : Cambridge University Press. pp. 205 -- 224. ISBN 978 - 0 - 521 - 79727 - 6. Nelson, Randy F. ( 1981 ). The Almanac of American Letters. Los Altos, CA : William Kaufmann, Inc. ISBN 978 - 0 - 86576 - 008 - 0. New York Daily News ( December 5, 2009 ). `` Edgar Allan Poe 's first book from 1827 sells for $662,500 ; record price for American literature ''. Retrieved 2009 - 12 - 24. New York Times ( May 20, 1894 ). `` Emerson 's Estimate of Poe ''. The New York Times. Retrieved 2008 - 03 - 02. Ostram, John Ward ( 1987 ). `` Poe 's Literary Labors and Rewards ''. In Fisher, Benjamin Franklin IV. Myths and Reality : The Mysterious Mr. Poe. Baltimore : The Edgar Allan Poe Society. pp. 37 -- 47. ISBN 978 - 0 - 9616449 - 1 - 8. Poe, Edgar Allan ( November 1847 ). `` Tale - Writing -- Nathaniel Hawthorne ''. Godey 's Ladies Book : 252 -- 256. Retrieved 2007 - 03 - 24. PoeMuseum.org ( 2006 ). `` Celebrate Edgar Allan Poe 's 197th Birthday at the Poe museum ''. Archived from the original on 2009 - 01 - 05. Quinn, Arthur Hobson ( 1998 ). Edgar Allan Poe : A Critical Biography. Baltimore : Johns Hopkins University Press. ISBN 978 - 0 - 8018 - 5730 - 0. ( Originally published in 1941 by New York : Appleton - Century - Crofts, Inc. ) The Raven Society ( 2014 ). `` History ''. University of Virginia alumni. Retrieved 2014 - 05 - 18. Rombeck, Terry ( January 22, 2005 ). `` Poe 's little - known science book reprinted ''. Lawrence Journal - World & News. Rosenheim, Shawn James ( 1997 ). The Cryptographic Imagination : Secret Writing from Edgar Poe to the Internet. Baltimore : Johns Hopkins University Press. ISBN 978 - 0 - 8018 - 5332 - 6. Royot, Daniel ( 2002 ), `` Poe 's Humor '', in Hayes, Kevin J., The Cambridge Companion to Edgar Allan Poe, Cambridge : Cambridge University Press, pp. 57 -- 71, ISBN 978 - 0 - 521 - 79326 - 1 Silverman, Kenneth ( 1991 ). Edgar A. Poe : Mournful and Never - Ending Remembrance ( Paperback ed. ). New York : Harper Perennial. ISBN 978 - 0 - 06 - 092331 - 0. Smoot, George ; Davidson, Keay ( 1994 ). Wrinkles in Time ( Reprint ed. ). New York : Harper Perennial. ISBN 978 - 0 - 380 - 72044 - 6. Sova, Dawn B. ( 2001 ). Edgar Allan Poe A to Z : The Essential Reference to His Life and Work ( Paperback ed. ). New York : Checkmark Books. ISBN 978 - 0 - 8160 - 4161 - 9. Stableford, Brian ( 2003 ). `` Science fiction before the genre ''. In James, Edward ; Mendlesohn, Farah. The Cambridge Companion to Science Fiction. Cambridge : Cambridge University Press. pp. 15 -- 31. ISBN 978 - 0 - 521 - 01657 - 5. Tresch, John ( 2002 ). `` Extra ! Extra ! Poe invents science fiction ''. In Hayes, Kevin J. The Cambridge Companion to Edgar Allan Poe. Cambridge : Cambridge University Press. pp. 113 -- 132. ISBN 978 - 0 - 521 - 79326 - 1. Van Hoy, David C. ( February 18, 2007 ). `` The Fall of the House of Edgar ''. The Boston Globe. Walsh, John Evangelist ( 2000 ) ( 1968 ). Poe the Detective : The Curious Circumstances behind ' The Mystery of Marie Roget '. New York : St. Martins Minotaur. ISBN 978 - 0 - 8135 - 0567 - 1. ( 1968 edition printed by Rutgers University Press ) Weekes, Karen ( 2002 ). `` Poe 's feminine ideal ''. In Hayes, Kevin J. The Cambridge Companion to Edgar Allan Poe. Cambridge : Cambridge University Press. pp. 148 -- 162. ISBN 978 - 0 - 521 - 79326 - 1. Whalen, Terance ( 2001 ). `` Poe and the American Publishing Industry ''. In Kennedy, J. Gerald. A Historical Guide to Edgar Allan Poe. New York : Oxford University Press. pp. 63 -- 94. ISBN 978 - 0 - 19 - 512150 - 6. Wilbur, Richard ( 1967 ). `` The House of Poe ''. In Regan, Robert. Poe : A Collection of Critical Essays. Englewood Cliffs, NJ : Prentice - Hall. p. 99. ISBN 978 - 0 - 13 - 684963 - 6. Further reading Ackroyd, Peter ( 2008 ). Poe : A Life Cut Short. London : Chatto & Windus. ISBN 978 - 0 - 7011 - 6988 - 6. Bittner, William ( 1962 ). Poe : A Biography. Boston : Little, Brown and Company. ISBN 0 - 316 - 09686 - 5. George Washington Eveleth ( 1922 ). Thomas Ollive Mabbott, ed. The letters from George W. Eveleth to Edgar Allan Poe. Volume 26 of Bulletin of the New York Public Library ( reprint ed. ). The New York Public Library. Hutchisson, James M. ( 2005 ). Poe. Jackson : University Press of Mississippi. ISBN 1 - 57806 - 721 - 9. William A. Pannapacker. `` A Question of ' Character ' : Visual Images and the Nineteenth - Century Construction of Edgar Allan Poe. '' Harvard Library Bulletin, New Series Fall 1996, Volume 7, Number 3 Poe, Harry Lee ( 2008 ). Edgar Allan Poe : An Illustrated Companion to His Tell - Tale Stories. New York : Metro Books. ISBN 978 - 1 - 4351 - 0469 - 3. Pope - Hennessy, Una ( 1934 ). Edgar Allan Poe, 1809 -- 1849 : A Critical Biography. New York : Haskell House. Robinson, Marilynne, `` On Edgar Allan Poe '', The New York Review of Books, vol. LXII, no. 2 ( 5 February 2015 ), pp. 4, 6. External links Find more aboutEdgar Allan Poeat Wikipedia 's sister projects Media from Commons News from Wikinews Quotations from Wikiquote Texts from Wikisource Learning resources from Wikiversity Listen to this article ( info / dl ) This audio file was created from a revision of the article `` Edgar Allan Poe '' dated November 22, 2008, and does not reflect subsequent edits to the article. ( Audio help ) More spoken articles Works by Edgar Allan Poe at Project Gutenberg Works by or about Edgar Allan Poe at Internet Archive Works by Edgar Allan Poe at LibriVox ( public domain audiobooks ) Works by Edgar Allan Poe at Open Library Edgar Allan Poe National Historic Site Edgar Allan Poe Society in Baltimore Poe Museum in Richmond, Virginia Edgar Allan Poe 's Personal Correspondence Shapell Manuscript Foundation Edgar Allan Poe 's Collection at the Harry Ransom Center at The University of Texas at Austin ' Funeral ' honours Edgar Allan Poe BBC News ( with video ) 2009 - 10 - 11 Selected Stories from American Studies at the University of Virginia Edgar Allan Poe ( works ) Poems `` Tamerlane '' ( 1827 ) `` Al Aaraaf '' ( 1829 ) `` Sonnet to Science '' ( 1829 ) `` To Helen '' ( 1831 ) `` The City in the Sea '' ( 1831 ) `` The Haunted Palace '' ( 1839 ) `` The Conqueror Worm '' ( 1843 ) `` Lenore '' ( 1843 ) `` Eulalie '' ( 1843 ) `` The Raven '' ( 1845 ) `` Ulalume '' ( 1847 ) `` A Dream Within a Dream '' ( 1849 ) `` Eldorado '' ( 1849 ) `` The Bells '' ( 1849 ) `` Annabel Lee '' ( 1849 ) '' Tales `` Metzengerstein '' ( 1832 ) `` Bon - Bon '' ( 1832 ) `` MS. Found in a Bottle '' ( 1833 ) `` Berenice '' ( 1835 ) `` Morella '' ( 1835 ) `` The Unparalleled Adventure of One Hans Pfaall '' ( 1835 ) `` Ligeia '' ( 1838 ) `` A Predicament '' ( 1838 ) `` The Devil in the Belfry '' ( 1839 ) `` The Man That Was Used Up '' ( 1839 ) `` The Fall of the House of Usher '' ( 1839 ) `` William Wilson '' ( 1839 ) `` The Conversation of Eiros and Charmion '' ( 1839 ) `` The Business Man '' ( 1840 ) `` The Man of the Crowd '' ( 1840 ) `` The Murders in the Rue Morgue '' ( 1841 ) `` A Descent into the Maelström '' ( 1841 ) `` Never Bet the Devil Your Head '' ( 1841 ) `` Eleonora '' ( 1841 ) `` The Oval Portrait '' ( 1842 ) `` The Masque of the Red Death '' ( 1842 ) `` The Mystery of Marie Rogêt '' ( 1842 ) `` The Pit and the Pendulum '' ( 1842 ) `` The Tell - Tale Heart '' ( 1843 ) `` The Gold - Bug '' ( 1843 ) `` The Black Cat '' ( 1843 ) `` The Spectacles '' ( 1844 ) `` A Tale of the Ragged Mountains '' ( 1844 ) `` The Premature Burial '' ( 1844 ) `` The Oblong Box '' ( 1844 ) `` The Angel of the Odd '' ( 1844 ) `` Thou Art the Man '' ( 1844 ) `` The Purloined Letter '' ( 1844 ) `` Some Words with a Mummy '' ( 1845 ) `` The Thousand - and - Second Tale of Scheherazade '' ( 1845 ) `` The Imp of the Perverse '' ( 1845 ) `` The System of Doctor Tarr and Professor Fether '' ( 1845 ) `` The Facts in the Case of M. Valdemar '' ( 1845 ) `` The Cask of Amontillado '' ( 1846 ) `` Hop - Frog '' ( 1849 ) Essays `` Maelzel 's Chess Player '' ( 1836 ) `` The Philosophy of Furniture '' ( 1840 ) `` Morning on the Wissahiccon '' ( 1844 ) `` The Philosophy of Composition '' ( 1846 ) `` The Poetic Principle '' ( 1846 ) Eureka : A Prose Poem ( 1848 ) Novels The Narrative of Arthur Gordon Pym of Nantucket ( 1837 ) The Journal of Julius Rodman ( 1840 ) Collections Tamerlane and Other Poems ( 1827 ) Tales of the Grotesque and Arabesque ( 1840 ) Play Politian ( 1835 ) Other The Conchologist 's First Book ( 1839 ) The Balloon - Hoax ( 1844 ) The Light - House ( 1849 ) Related Virginia Eliza Clemm Poe ( wife ) Eliza Poe ( mother ) David Poe Jr. ( father ) William Henry Poe ( brother ) Poe Museum Poe Cottage Edgar Allan Poe House and Museum National Historic Site The Penn magazine Death Edgar Award In popular culture film and television music Poe Toaster Tales of Mystery & Imagination Associated subjects Edgar Allan Poe 's `` The Raven '' ( 1845 ) Film The Raven ( 1915 ) The Raven ( 1935 ) The Raven ( 1963 ) The Raven ( 2006 ) Evil Calls : The Raven ( 2011 ) The Raven ( 2012 ) Literature Barnaby Rudge The Blessed Damozel Cadaeic Cadenza Music The Raven ( Lou Reed album ) `` The Raven '' ( The Alan Parsons Project song ) `` That 's How the Story Ends '' ( Five Iron Frenzy song ) Other Edgar Allan Poe : Once Upon a Midnight ( play ) `` Treehouse of Horror '' The Raven ( painting series ) The Pigeon `` The Raven '' in popular culture Edgar Allan Poe 's `` The Tell - Tale Heart '' ( 1843 ) Adaptations The Avenging Conscience ( 1914 silent ) The Tell - Tale Heart ( 1934 ) The Tell - Tale Heart ( 1941 ) The Tell - Tale Heart ( 1953 ) The Tell - Tale Heart ( 1960 ) Tell - Tale ( 2009 ) Tell ( 2012 ) The Tell - Tale Heart ( 2014 ) Related Manfish The Dark Eye Edgar Allan Poe 's `` The Fall of the House of Usher '' ( 1839 ) Film La Chute de la maison Usher ( 1928, French ) The Fall of the House of Usher ( 1928, American ) The Fall of the House of Usher ( 1950 ) House of Usher ( 1960 ) The Fall of the Louse of Usher ( 2002 ) Descendant ( 2003 ) Usher ( 2004 ) The House of Usher ( 2006 ) Operas La chute de la maison Usher ( Debussy ) The Fall of the House of Usher ( Glass ) The Fall of the House of Usher ( Hammill ) Other Alone in the Dark `` Lady Eleanor '' Edgar Allan Poe 's `` The Murders in the Rue Morgue '' ( 1841 ) Film Murders in the Rue Morgue ( 1932 ) Phantom of the Rue Morgue ( 1954 ) Murders in the Rue Morgue ( 1971 ) Morgue Street ( 2012 ) Related `` The Mystery of Marie Rogêt '' Van Helsing : From Beneath the Rue Morgue Edgar Allan Poe 's `` The Pit and the Pendulum '' ( 1842 ) Film The Pit and the Pendulum ( 1913 ) The Pit and the Pendulum ( 1961 ) The Pit and the Pendulum ( 1964 ) The Pendulum, the Pit and Hope ( 1983 ) The Pit and the Pendulum ( 1991 ) The Pit and the Pendulum ( 2009 ) Edgar Allan Poe 's `` The Masque of the Red Death '' ( 1842 ) Film The Masque of the Red Death ( 1964 ) Masque of the Red Death ( 1989 ) Wendy Pini 's Masque of the Red Death ( 2007 ) Other The Masque Of The Red Death ( play ) in popular culture Edgar Allan Poe 's `` The Black Cat '' ( 1843 ) Film Adaptations The Black Cat ( 1934 ) Maniac ( 1934 ) The Black Cat ( 1941 ) The Black Cat ( 1981 ) Films Unheimliche Geschichten ( 1932 ) Tales of Terror ( 1962 ) Two Evil Eyes ( 1990 ) TV adaptations `` The Black Cat '' Edgar Allan Poe 's `` The System of Doctor Tarr and Professor Fether '' ( 1845 ) Film Adaptations The Forgotten ( 1973 ) Stonehearst Asylum ( 2014 ) Films Unheimliche Geschichten ( 1932 ) Lunacy ( 2005 ) Music `` ( The System of ) Dr. Tarr and Professor Fether '' Romanticism Countries Denmark England ( literature ) France ( literature ) Germany Norway Poland Russia ( literature ) Scotland Movements Bohemianism Counter-Enlightenment Dark romanticism Düsseldorf School Gesamtkunstwerk Gothic fiction Gothic Revival ( architecture ) Hudson River School Indianism Nazarene movement Ossian Romantic hero Romanticism in science Romantic nationalism Opium and Romanticism Transcendentalism Ultra-Romanticism Wallenrodism Writers Abovian Alencar Alfieri Andersen A. v. Arnim B. v. Arnim Azevedo Baratashvili Baratynsky Barbauld ( Aikin ) Batyushkov Baudelaire Beer Bertrand Blake Botev Brentano Bryant Burns Byron Castelo Branco Castilho Cazotte Chateaubriand Chavchavadze Clare Coleridge Cooper De Quincey Dias Dumas Eichendorff Emerson Eminescu Espronceda Fouqué Foscolo Garrett Gautier Goethe Grimm Brothers Gutzkow Hauff Hawthorne Heine Heliade Herculano Hoffmann Hölderlin Hugo Ilić Irving Jakšić Jean Paul Karamzin Keats Kleist Krasiński Lamartine Larra Leopardi Lermontov Lowell Macedonski Mácha Magalhães Malczewski Manzoni Maturin Mickiewicz Musset Nalbandian Nerval Nodier Norwid Novalis Oehlenschläger Orbeliani Poe Polidori Potocki Prešeren Pushkin Raffi Schiller Schwab Scott Seward M. Shelley P.B. Shelley Shevchenko Słowacki De Staël Stendhal Tieck Tyutchev Uhland Vörösmarty Vyazemsky Wordsworth Zhukovsky Zorrilla Music Adam Alkan Auber Beethoven Bellini Bennett Berlioz Bertin Berwald Brahms Bruckner Chopin Dargomyzhsky Félicien David Ferdinand David Donizetti Fauré Field Franck Franz Glinka Gomis Halévy Kalkbrenner Liszt Loewe Marschner Masarnau Méhul Fanny Mendelssohn Felix Mendelssohn Méreaux Meyerbeer Moniuszko Moscheles Mussorgsky Niedermeyer Onslow Paganini Prudent Reicha Rimsky - Korsakov Rossini Rubinstein Schubert Clara Schumann Robert Schumann Smetana Sor Spohr Spontini Thalberg Verdi Voříšek Wagner Weber Theologians and philosophers Chaadayev Coleridge Feuerbach Fichte Goethe Hegel Khomyakov Müller Ritschl Rousseau Schiller A. Schlegel F. Schlegel Schopenhauer Schleiermacher Tieck Wackenroder Visual artists Aivazovsky Bierstadt Blake Bonington Bryullov Chassériau Church Constable Cole Corot Dahl David d'Angers Delacroix Friedrich Fuseli Géricault Girodet Głowacki Goya Gude Hayez Janmot Jones Kiprensky Koch Lampi Leutze Loutherbourg Maison Martin Michałowski Palmer Porto - Alegre Préault Révoil Richard Rude Runge Saleh Scheffer Stattler Stroj Tidemand Tropinin Turner Veit Ward Wiertz `` Age of Enlightenment Realism '' Hall of Fame for Great Americans John Adams John Quincy Adams Jane Addams Louis Agassiz Susan B. Anthony John James Audubon George Bancroft Clara Barton Henry Ward Beecher Alexander Graham Bell Daniel Boone Edwin Booth Louis Brandeis Phillips Brooks William Cullen Bryant Luther Burbank Andrew Carnegie George Washington Carver William Ellery Channing Rufus Choate Henry Clay Grover Cleveland James Fenimore Cooper Peter Cooper Charlotte Cushman James Buchanan Eads Thomas Alva Edison Jonathan Edwards Ralph Waldo Emerson David Farragut Stephen Foster Benjamin Franklin Robert Fulton Josiah W. Gibbs William C. Gorgas Ulysses S. Grant Asa Gray Alexander Hamilton Nathaniel Hawthorne Joseph Henry Patrick Henry Oliver Wendell Holmes Sr. Oliver Wendell Holmes Jr. Mark Hopkins Elias Howe Washington Irving Andrew Jackson Thomas J. Jackson Thomas Jefferson John Paul Jones James Kent Sidney Lanier Robert E. Lee Abraham Lincoln Henry Wadsworth Longfellow James Russell Lowell Mary Lyon Edward MacDowell James Madison Horace Mann John Marshall Matthew Fontaine Maury Albert A. Michelson Maria Mitchell James Monroe Samuel F.B. Morse William T.G. Morton John Lothrop Motley Simon Newcomb Thomas Paine Alice Freeman Palmer Francis Parkman George Peabody William Penn Edgar Allan Poe Walter Reed Franklin D. Roosevelt Theodore Roosevelt Augustus Saint - Gaudens William Tecumseh Sherman John Philip Sousa Joseph Story Harriet Beecher Stowe Gilbert Stuart Sylvanus Thayer Henry David Thoreau Mark Twain Lillian Wald Booker T. Washington George Washington Daniel Webster George Westinghouse James McNeill Whistler Walt Whitman Eli Whitney John Greenleaf Whittier Emma Willard Frances E. Willard Roger Williams Woodrow Wilson Orville Wright Wilbur Wright VIAF : 60351476 LCCN : n79029745 ISNI : 0000 0001 2135 4025 GND : 11859527X SELIBR : 137580 SUDOC : 027076938 BNF : cb11920094f ( data ) ULAN : 500212765 MusicBrainz : f72fcfda - b560 - 4f16 - 95e1 - 8c25acf60288 NLA : 35426385 NDL : 00452995 NKC : jn19990006608 BNE : XX895673 RKD : 108502 IATH : w6dn43nc Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Edgar_Allan_Poe&oldid=800226897 '' Categories : Edgar Allan Poe 1809 births 1849 deaths 19th - century American novelists 19th - century American poets 19th - century American short story writers American horror writers American mystery writers American detective writers American people of English descent American science fiction writers Burials at Westminster Hall and Burying Ground People from Richmond, Virginia People from the Bronx Recreational cryptographers Romantic poets United States Army soldiers United States Military Academy alumni University of Virginia alumni Writers from Baltimore Writers from Boston Writers from New York ( state ) Writers from Philadelphia Novelists from Virginia Hall of Fame for Great Americans inductees American male poets American male novelists Writers of American Southern literature Self - published authors American male short story writers Novelists from Maryland Novelists from Pennsylvania Novelists from New York ( state ) Novelists from Massachusetts Hidden categories : Wikipedia indefinitely semi-protected pages Wikipedia indefinitely move - protected pages Pages using Infobox writer with unknown parameters Spoken articles Articles with hAudio microformats Articles with Project Gutenberg links Articles with Internet Archive links Articles with LibriVox links Articles with Open Library links Featured articles AC with 15 elements Wikipedia articles with VIAF identifiers Wikipedia articles with LCCN identifiers Wikipedia articles with ISNI identifiers Wikipedia articles with GND identifiers Wikipedia articles with SELIBR identifiers Wikipedia articles with BNF identifiers Wikipedia articles with ULAN identifiers Wikipedia articles with MusicBrainz identifiers Wikipedia articles with NLA identifiers Wikipedia articles with RKDartists identifiers Wikipedia articles with SNAC - ID identifiers Use mdy dates from April 2013 Talk View source Contents About Wikipedia Wikiquote Wikisource Afrikaans አማርኛ Aragonés Asturianu Aymar aru Azərbaycanca تۆرکجه বাংলা Bân - lâm - gú Башҡортса Беларуская Беларуская ( тарашкевіца ) ‎ भोजपुरी Български Bosanski Brezhoneg Català Čeština Cymraeg Dansk Deutsch Eesti Ελληνικά Emiliàn e rumagnòl Español Esperanto Euskara فارسی Føroyskt Français Frysk Gaeilge Gaelg Galego 贛 語 ગુજરાતી 客家 語 / Hak - kâ - ngî 한국어 Հայերեն हिन्दी Hrvatski Ido Ilokano Bahasa Indonesia Interlingua Interlingue Íslenska Italiano עברית Basa Jawa ქართული Қазақша Kurdî Latina Latviešu Lëtzebuergesch Lietuvių Livvinkarjala Magyar Македонски Malagasy മലയാളം मराठी მარგალური مصرى Bahasa Melayu Mìng - dĕ̤ng - ngṳ̄ Mirandés Монгол Nāhuatl Nederlands नेपाल भाषा 日本 語 Norsk Norsk nynorsk Nouormand Occitan Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча ਪੰਜਾਬੀ پنجابی Patois ភាសា ខ្មែរ Piemontèis Plattdüütsch Polski Português Română Runa Simi Русский Саха тыла Sámegiella Scots Seeltersk Shqip සිංහල Simple English Slovenčina Slovenščina کوردی Српски / srpski Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски Basa Sunda Suomi Svenska Tagalog தமிழ் ไทย Тоҷикӣ Türkçe Українська اردو Tiếng Việt Volapük Winaray ייִדיש Yorùbá 粵語 中文 Edit links This page was last edited on 12 September 2017, at 05 : 42. 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Question: what type of stories did edgar allan poe write
Answer: poetry