Ficus religiosa - wikipedia Ficus religiosa Sacred fig Leaves and trunk of a sacred fig. Note the distinctive leaf shape like a heart. Scientific classification Kingdom : Plantae Clade : Angiosperms Clade : Eudicots Clade : Rosids Order : Rosales Family : Moraceae Genus : Ficus Species : F. religiosa Binomial name Ficus religiosa L. 1753 not Forssk. 1775 Synonyms Ficus caudata Stokes Ficus peepul Griff. Ficus religiosa var. cordata Miq. Ficus religiosa var. rhynchophylla Miq. Ficus rhynchophylla Steud. Ficus superstitiosa Link Urostigma affine Miq. Urostigma religiosum ( L. ) Gasp. Ficus religiosa or sacred fig is a species of fig native to the Indian subcontinent, and Indochina. It belongs to the Moraceae, the fig or mulberry family. It is also known as the bodhi tree, pippala tree, peepul tree, peepal tree or ashwattha tree ( in India and Nepal ). Contents 1 Description 2 In religion 2.1 Buddhism 2.2 Hinduism 3 Vernacular names 4 Cultivation 5 Uses 6 See also 7 Notes 8 References 9 External links Description Ficus religiosa is a large dry season - deciduous or semi-evergreen tree up to 30 metres ( 98 ft ) tall and with a trunk diameter of up to 3 metres ( 9.8 ft ). The leaves are cordate in shape with a distinctive extended drip tip ; they are 10 -- 17 centimetres ( 3.9 -- 6.7 in ) long and 8 -- 12 centimetres ( 3.1 -- 4.7 in ) broad, with a 6 -- 10 centimetres ( 2.4 -- 3.9 in ) petiole. The fruits are small figs 1 -- 1.5 centimetres ( 0.39 -- 0.59 in ) in diameter, green ripening to purple. The leaves of this tree move continuously even when the air around is still and no perceptible wind is blowing. This phenomenon can be explained due to the long leaf stalk and the broad leaf structure. However, religious minded people in Hindu / Buddhist religion attribute this movement of the leaves to the fact that `` devas '' or `` gods '' reside on these leaves and make it move continuously. In religion The Ficus religiosa tree is considered sacred by the followers of Hinduism, Jainism and Buddhism. In the Bhagavad Gita, Krishna says, `` I am the Peepal tree among the trees, Narada among the sages, Chitraaratha among the Gandharvas, And sage Kapila among the Siddhas. '' Buddhism Main article : Bodhi tree The Bodhi Tree at the Mahabodhi Temple. Propagated from the Sri Maha Bodhi, which in turn is propagated from the original Bodhi Tree at this location. Gautama Buddha attained enlightenment ( bodhi ) while meditating underneath a Ficus religiosa. The site is in present - day Bodh Gaya in Bihar, India. The original tree was destroyed, and has been replaced several times. A branch of the original tree was rooted in Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka in 288 BCE and is known as Jaya Sri Maha Bodhi ; it is the oldest flowering plant ( angiosperm ) in the world. In Theravada Buddhist Southeast Asia, the tree 's massive trunk is often the site of Buddhist or animist shrines. Not all Ficus religiosa can be called a Bodhi Tree. A Bodhi Tree must be able to trace its parent to another Bodhi Tree and the line goes on until the first Bodhi Tree under which Gautama is said to have gained enlightenment. Hinduism Typical example of aerial roots Sadhus ( Hindu ascetics ) still meditate beneath sacred fig trees, and Hindus do pradakshina ( circumambulation, or meditative pacing ) around the sacred fig tree as a mark of worship. Usually seven pradakshinas are done around the tree in the morning time chanting `` vriksha rajaya namah '', meaning `` salutation to the king of trees. '' It claimed that the 27 stars ( constellations ) constituting 12 houses ( rasis ) and 9 planets are specifically represented precisely by 27 trees -- one for each star. The Bodhi Tree is said to represent Pushya ( Western star name γ, δ and θ Cancri in the Cancer constellation ). Plaksa is a possible Sanskrit term for Ficus religiosa. However, according to Macdonell and Keith ( 1912 ), it denotes the wavy - leaved fig tree ( Ficus infectoria ) instead. In Hindu texts, the Plaksa tree is associated with the source of the Sarasvati River. The Skanda Purana states that the Sarasvati originates from the water pot of Brahma flows from Plaksa on the Himalayas. According to Vamana Purana 32.1 - 4, the Sarasvati was rising from the Plaksa tree ( Pipal tree ). Plaksa Pra - sravana denotes the place where the Sarasvati appears. In the Rigveda Sutras, Plaksa Pra - sravana refers to the source of the Sarasvati. Vernacular names Example of fruits Typical shape of the leaf of the Ficus religiosa The Ficus religiosa tree is known by a wide range of vernacular names, including : in Austroasiatic languages : Vietnamese -- bồ - đề in Dravidian languages : Kannada -- araLi mara ಅರಳಿ ಮರ Malayalam -- അരയാല് arayaal Tamil -- அரசு, அரச மரம் arasa maram ( Literally `` king '' or `` king 's tree '' ; arasu or arasan is Tamil for `` king '' ) Telugu -- రావి చెట్టు raavi chettu in Indic languages : Bengali language -- অশ্বথ, i.e. ashwath, পিপুল, i.e. pipul Bhojpuri -- pippar Gujarati -- પિપળો ( pipdo ) Hindi - Peepal - पीपल Konkani -- pimpalla rook / jhadd Mahal -- އަޝްވަތި ގަސް ( aśvati gas ) Maithili ( मैथिली ) -- पीपर ( peepar ) Marathi -- पिंपळ pimpaL ( where L is as in for example Nagold ) Nepali ( नेपाली ) -- पीपल ( peepal or pipal ) Odia -- ଅଶ୍ୱତ୍ଥ ( ashwatth ) Pali -- assattha ; rukkha Punjabi -- Pippal - ਪਿੱਪਲ / پپل Sanskrit -- अश्वत्थः aśvatthaḥ vṛksha, pippala vṛksha ( vṛksha means `` tree '' ) Sinhala -- ඇසතු esathu Urdu -- peepal پیپل in Japonic languages : Japanese -- 印度 菩提樹 ( Indo bodaiju ) in Koreanic languages : Korean -- 보리수 ( bolisu ) ; 菩提樹 in Italic languages : Cuban Spanish - alamo in Malayo - Polynesian languages : Tagalog - ballete in Sino - Tibetan languages : Burmese -- ဗောဓိညောင်ပင် ( Bodhi nyaung pin ), ဗောဓိပင် ( Bodhi pin ) Chinese -- 菩提樹 ( pútíshù, bodhi tree ) in Tai -- Kadai languages Thai -- โพธิ์ ( pho ) Cultivation Ficus religiosa is grown by specialty tree plant nurseries for use as an ornamental tree, in gardens and parks in tropical and subtropical climates. Peepal trees are native to India and thrive in hot, humid weather. They prefer full sunlight and can grow in most soil types, though loam is the best. When planting, use soil with a pH of 7 or below. While it is possible for the plant to grow indoors in a pot, it grows best outside. Young peepal needs proper nourishment. It requires full sunlight and proper watering. Uses Ficus religiosa is used in traditional medicine for about 50 types of disorders including asthma, diabetes, diarrhea, epilepsy, gastric problems, inflammatory disorders, infectious and sexual disorders. See also Bodhi Tree Shitala Devi Sri Maha Bodhi Notes Jump up ^ The Plant List, Ficus religiosa L. ^ Jump up to : Chisholm, Hugh, ed. ( 1911 ). `` Peepul ''. Encyclopædia Britannica. 21 ( 11th ed. ). Cambridge University Press. p. 45. Jump up ^ `` Ficus religiosa ''. Germplasm Resources Information Network ( GRIN ). Agricultural Research Service ( ARS ), United States Department of Agriculture ( USDA ). Retrieved 29 January 2017. Jump up ^ Oxford English Dictionary, Oxford University Press, 1971, p. 1014 Jump up ^ `` Ficus religiosa -- Peepal ''. Flowers of India. Archived from the original on February 14, 2012. Retrieved November 3, 2011. Jump up ^ `` The Bhagavad Gita - Chapter 10 - The Yoga of Manifestation ''. santosha.com. Jump up ^ `` Rocky Mountain Tree - Ring Research, OLDLIST ''. Retrieved July 3, 2011. Jump up ^ Chisholm, Hugh, ed. ( 1911 ). `` Bo - Tree ''. Encyclopædia Britannica. 4 ( 11th ed. ). Cambridge University Press. p. 305. Jump up ^ D.S. Chauhan in Radhakrishna, B.P. and Merh, S.S. ( editors ) : Vedic Sarasvati, 1999, p. 35 -- 44 Jump up ^ Pancavimsa Brahmana, Jaiminiya Upanisad Brahmana, Katyayana Srauta Sutra, Latyayana Srauta ; Macdonell and Keith 1912 Jump up ^ Asvalayana Srauta Sutra, Sankhayana Srauta Sutra ; Macdonell and Keith 1912, II : 55 Jump up ^ Singh D, Singh B, Goel RK `` Traditional uses, phytochemistry and pharmacology of Ficus religiosa : a review. '' J Ethnopharmacol. February 3, 2011. Jump up ^ Damanpreet Singh ; Bikram Singh ; Rajesh Kumar Goela ( April 12, 2011 ). `` Journal of Ethnopharmacology : Traditional uses, phytochemistry and pharmacology of Ficus religiosa : A review ''. Journal of Ethnopharmacology. ScienceDirect. 134 ( 3 ) : 565 -- 583. PMID 21296646. doi : 10.1016 / j. jep. 2011.01. 046. References Keith and Macdonell. 1912. Vedic Index of Names and Subjects. Plaksa description External links Wikimedia Commons has media related to : Ficus religiosa ( category ) Wikispecies has information related to : Ficus religiosa Wikisource has the text of the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica article Bo - Tree. Entry on Bodhi Tree in the Buddhist Dictionary of Pali Proper Names `` Peepul ''. Encyclopedia Americana. 1920. Worship in Hinduism Main topics Aarti Bhajan Darśana Deities Festivals Homa ( Yajna ) Kirtan Mantra Murti Tilaka Utsava Vrata Yatra Rituals Puja Abhisheka Bhog Naivedhya Panchamakara Panchamrita Parikrama Pranāma Prasad Pushpanjali Homa Yajna Agnicayana Agnihotra Agnikaryam Aupasana Dhuni Kaamya karma Pravargya Purushamedha Putrakameshti Viraja Homa Other Achamana Archana Ashirvad Ashvamedha Darśana Karmkand Kumbhabhishekham Nitya karma Ngejot Panchayatana puja Prana pratishta Sandhyavandanam Shuddhi Shrauta Upakarma Prayer Meditation Ajapa japa Bhajan Brahmamuhurtha Jagran Jai Sri Ram Japa Kirtan Om Sandhyavandanam Shaktipat Stotra Third eye Yoga Mantras Om Hare Krishna Om Namah Shivaya Gayatri Mantra Objects Puja thali Altar Banalinga Banana leaf Biruda Coconut Dhunachi Dhuni Dhupa Diya Cāmara Garland Ghanta Joss stick Kalasha Kamandalu Khirapat Kindi Paduka Palki Panchamrita Pandal Pinda Prayer beads Rangoli Shankha Tilaka Upanayana Uthsavar Yagnopaveetham Materials Agarwood Alta Camphor Charu Ghee Incense Kumkuma Marigold Milk Panchagavya Rudraksha Sandalwood Sindoor Soma Tulsi Turmeric Vibhuti Instruments Dholak Harmonium Karatalas Khol Manjira Mridangam Tabla Iconography Lingam Murti Om Pindi Shaligram Swastika Yoni more... 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Sacred animals Nāga Nag Panchami Nagaradhane Sacred plants Trees Akshayavat Ashoka Banyan Kadamba Kalpavriksha Parijaat Peepal Sacred groves Fruits and other plants Bael Kusha grass Lotus Tulsi ( Tulasi chaura Tulsi Vivah ) See also Firewalking Sanskara Temple dance Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ficus_religiosa&oldid=803082962 '' Categories : Ficus Sacred trees Sacred trees in Hinduism Trees of the Indian Subcontinent Trees of Indo - China Plants described in 1753 National symbols of Nepal Plants used in traditional Chinese medicine Epiphytes Garden plants of Asia Ornamental trees Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus Hidden categories : Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference Articles with ' species ' microformats Articles containing Japanese - language text Articles containing Korean - language text Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the Encyclopedia Americana with a Wikisource reference Talk Contents About Wikipedia Wikimedia Commons Wikispecies Alemannisch অসমীয়া Asturianu বাংলা भोजपुरी Català Cebuano Deutsch ދިވެހިބަސް Español فارسی Français ગુજરાતી 한국어 हिन्दी Bahasa Indonesia Italiano עברית ಕನ್ನಡ Lietuvių മലയാളം मराठी မြန်မာဘာသာ Nederlands नेपाली 日本 語 Norsk Norsk nynorsk ଓଡ଼ିଆ ਪੰਜਾਬੀ پنجابی Polski Português Русский Shqip සිංහල سنڌي Slovenščina Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски Suomi Svenska தமிழ் తెలుగు ไทย ತುಳು Українська Tiếng Việt Winaray 粵語 中文 Edit links This page was last edited on 30 September 2017, at 10 : 05. 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Question: what is the name of arasamaram in english
Answer: sacred fig