Languages of Spain - wikipedia Languages of Spain Languages of Spain Official languages Spanish ( aka Castilian ) Regional languages Co-official languages Basque, Catalan / Valencian / Balearic, Galician and Occitan ( Aranese ) Recognised languages Aragonese, Asturian / Leonese Unofficial languages and varieties Cantabrian, Extremaduran, Eonavian, Fala, Portuguese, Iberian Romani ( Caló and Erromintxela ), Riffian Berber, as well as some distinct varieties of Spanish and the Gomeran whistled language Main immigrant languages Spanish, Arabic, Romanian, English, German, French, Italian, Portuguese, Chinese, Bulgarian, Ukrainian, Russian. ( see immigration to Spain ) Sign languages Spanish Sign Language Catalan / Valencian Sign Language Common keyboard layouts Spanish QWERTY Source The languages of Spain ( Spanish : lenguas de España ), or Spanish languages ( Spanish : lenguas españolas ), are the languages spoken or once spoken in Spain. Romance languages are the most widely spoken in Spain ; of which Spanish, or Castilian, is the only language which has official status for the whole country. Various other languages have co-official or recognised status in specific territories, and a number of unofficial languages and dialects are spoken in certain localities. Contents 1 Present - day languages 1.1 Portuguese and Galician 2 Ancient languages 3 Variants 4 Further information 5 See also 6 References 7 External links Present - day languages In terms of the number of speakers and dominance, the most prominent of the languages of Spain is Spanish ( Castilian ), spoken by about 99 % of Spaniards as a first or second language. Catalan ( or Valencian ) is spoken by 17 %, Galician by 7 %, and Basque by 2 % of the population. Distribution of the regional co-official languages in Spain : Aranese, co-official in Catalonia. It is spoken mainly in the Pyrenean comarca of the Aran Valley ( Val d'Aran ), in north - western Catalonia. It is a variety of Gascon, which in turn is a variety of the Occitan language. Basque, co-official in the Basque Country and northern Navarre ( see Basque - speaking zone ). Basque is the only non-Romance language with an official status in mainland Spain. Catalan, co-official in Catalonia, the Balearic Islands and, as a distinct variant ( Valencian ), in the Valencian Community. It is recognised -- but not official -- in Aragon ( La Franja ). Furthermore, it is also spoken without official recognition in the municipality of Carche, Murcia. Galician, co-official in Galicia. It is also spoken without official recognition in the adjacent western parts of the Principality of Asturias and Castile and León. Spanish is official throughout the country ; the rest of these languages have legal and co-official status in their respective communities, and ( except Aranese ) are widespread enough to have daily newspapers and significant book publishing and media presence in those communities. In the cases of Catalan and Galician, they are the main languages used by the Catalan and Galician regional governments and local administrations. A number of citizens in these areas consider their regional language as their primary language and Spanish as secondary. The vernacular languages of Spain : areas of highest density Spanish official ; spoken all over the country Catalan / Valencian, co-official Basque, co-official Galician, co-official Aranese, co-official ( dialect of Occitan ) Asturian and Leonese, recognised Aragonese, recognised Extremaduran, unofficial Fala, unofficial In addition to these, there are a number of seriously endangered and recognised minority languages : Aragonese, recognised -- but not official -- in Aragon. Asturian, recognised -- but not official -- in Asturias. Leonese, recognised -- but not official -- in Castile and León. Spoken in the provinces of León and Zamora. Spanish itself also has distinct dialects around the country ; for example, the Andalusian or Canarian dialects, each of these with their own subvarieties, some of them being partially closer to the Spanish of the Americas, which they heavily influenced at different degrees, depending on the regions or periods, and according to different and non-homogeneous migrating or colonisation processes. Five very localised dialects are of difficult filiation : Fala, a nearly extinct variety of its own mostly adscribed to the Galician - Portuguese group ; Cantabrian and Extremaduran, two Astur - Leonese dialects also regarded as Spanish dialects ; Eonavian, a dialect between Asturian and Galician, closer to the latter according to several linguists ; and Benasquese, a Ribagorçan dialect that was formerly classified as Catalan, later as Aragonese, and which is now often regarded as a transitional language of its own. Asturian and Leonese are closely related to the local Mirandese which is spoken on an adjacent territory but over the border into Portugal. Mirandese is recognised and has some local official status. With the exception of Basque, which appears to be a language isolate, all of the languages present in mainland Spain are Indo - European languages, specifically Romance languages. Afro - Asiatic languages, such as Arabic ( including Ceuta Darija ) or Berber ( mainly Riffian ), are spoken by the Muslim population of Ceuta and Melilla and by recent immigrants ( mainly from Morocco and Algeria ) elsewhere. Portuguese and Galician In Galicia, the mutual relationship between Galician and Portuguese has caused some controversy, since some linguists, such as Lindley Cintra, consider that they are still dialects of a common language, in spite of the differences in phonology and vocabulary ( see reintegrationism ). Others, such as Pilar Vázquez Cuesta, argue that they have become separate languages due to major differences in phonetics and vocabulary usage, and, to a lesser extent, morphology and syntax. In any case, the respective written standards are noticeably different one from another, partly because of the divergent phonological features and partly due to the usage of Spanish orthographic conventions over the Portuguese ones at the time of Galician standardisation by the early 20th century. The official ( of the Galician Language Institute ) and widespread position is that Galician and Portuguese should be considered independent languages. A Galician - Portuguese - based dialect known as Fala is locally spoken in an area sometimes called Valley of Jálama / Xálima, which includes the towns of San Martín de Trevejo ( Sa Martin de Trevellu ), Eljas ( As Elhas ) and Valverde del Fresno ( Valverdi du Fresnu ), in the northwestern corner of Cáceres province, Extremadura. Portuguese proper is still spoken by local people in three border areas : The town of La Alamedilla, in Salamanca province. The so - called Cedillo - horn, including Cedillo ( in Portuguese Cedilho ) and Herrera de Alcántara ( in Portuguese Ferreira de Alcântara ). The town of Olivenza ( in Portuguese Olivença ), in Badajoz province, and its surrounding territory, which used to be Portuguese until the 19th century and is still claimed by Portugal. Ancient languages In addition to the languages which continue to be spoken in Spain to the present day, other languages which have been spoken within what are now the borders of Spain include : Greek and Phoenician Colonies in The Iberian Peninsula Tartessian language Iberian language Celtic languages Celtiberian language Gallaecian language Lusitanian language Punic language Latin language Guanche language Galician - Portuguese Gothic language Vandalic language Frankish language Andalusi Arabic Classical Arabic Mozarabic languages Romani language Map showing the historical changes in the geographical extent of the main languages of the Iberian peninsula between the year 1000 and 2000 Languages that have been spoken outside Spain but which have roots in Spain are : Judeo - Catalan Judaeo - Spanish ( Ladino ) Variants There are also variants of these languages proper to Spain, either dialect, cants or pidgins : Barallete Bron Caló Cheli Erromintxela Fala dos arxinas Gacería Germanía Further information Aragonese ( aragonés ) Astur - Leonese Asturian ( asturianu, bable ) Leonese ( llionés ) Extremaduran ( estremeñu ) Cantabrian ( cántabru, montañés ) Basque ( euskara ) Catalan ( català ), known as Valencian ( valencià ) in the Valencian Community Fala Galician ( galego ) Gascon ( Occitan dialect ) Aranese ( aranés ) Spanish ( español ), also known as Castilian ( castellano ) Judaeo - Spanish ( djudeo - espanyol, judezmo, ladino, sefardi, etc. ) Dialects of the Spanish in Spain Andalusian Spanish Canarian Spanish Castilian Spanish Castrapo ( Galicia ) Castúo ( Extremadura ) Murcian Spanish Spanish spoken by Catalan - speakers Sign languages Spanish Sign Language ( lengua de signos española, LSE ). Catalan Sign Language ( llengua de signes catalana, LSC ) and Valencian Sign Language ( llengua de signes valenciana, LSV ). Language politics in Francoist Spain See also Spain portal Languages portal Iberian languages Languages of Portugal Iberian Romance languages Language politics in Spain under Franco References Jump up ^ http://ec.europa.eu/public_opinion/archives/ebs/ebs_243_en.pdf Jump up ^ The term lenguas españolas appears in the Spanish Constitution, referrering to all the languages spoken within Spain ( those are Basque, Spanish, Catalan / Valencian, Galician, Asturian, Leonese, etc. ). Jump up ^ Promotora Española de Lingüística - Lengua Española o Castellana. ( Spanish ) Jump up ^ M. Teresa Turell ( 2001 ). Multilingualism In Spain : Sociolinguistic and Psycholinguistic Aspects of Linguistic Minority Groups. Multilingual Matters. p. 121. ISBN 978 - 1 - 85359 - 491 - 5. Jump up ^ http://eprints.ucm.es/8936/1/DT03-06.pdf Jump up ^ `` CIA -- The World Factbook -- Spain ''. Cia.gov. Retrieved 30 April 2011. Jump up ^ ( in Catalan ) ( in Occitan ) Llei 35 / 2010, d'1 d'octubre, de l'occità, aranès a l'Aran Jump up ^ Lindley Cintra, Luís F. `` Nova Proposta de Classificação dos Dialectos Galego - Portugueses '' ( PDF ). Archived from the original ( PDF ) on 2 November 2006. ( 469 KB ) Boletim de Filologia, Lisboa, Centro de Estudos Filológicos, 1971 ( in Portuguese ). Jump up ^ Vázquez Cuesta, Pilar `` Non son reintegracionista '', interview given to La Voz de Galicia on 22 February 2002 ( in Galician ). External links Detailed Ethno - Linguistic map of Pre-Roman Iberia ( around 200 BC ) Detailed linguistic map of Spain Languages in Spain - Find out information about the Official languages of Spain. Spain articles History Chronology Prehistoric Iberia Roman Hispania Medieval Spain Union Expansion Enlightenment Reaction and revolution First Republic Restoration Second Republic Civil War Spain under Franco Transition to democracy Contemporary Spain By topic Empire Golden Age Economic Military Geography Autonomous cities Autonomous communities Climate Comarcas Earthquakes Extreme points Forests Islands Municipalities National parks Plazas de soberanía Provinces Politics Constitution Cortes Generales Elections Government Prime Minister Human rights LGBT Foreign relations Military Monarchy Political parties Economy Agriculture Banks central savings Car industry Communities GDP Unemployment Median Income Economic history Energy Financial crisis Forestry Taxation Property bubble Science and technology Telecommunications Tourism Trade unions Transport Wine Society Crime Demographics Education Health care Immigration Languages Pensions People Religion Time Culture Architecture Art Bullfighting Cinema Cuisine jamón paella tapas wine Fiestas ( international national ) Life in early 19th - century Spain Literature Media Newspapers Radio TV Music Myths and legends Nationalisms and regionalisms Public holidays Sport Symbols Anthem Coat of arms Flag Toro de Osborne Outline Index Book Portal Languages of Spain Official / national Spanish ( aka Castilian ) Regional / minority languages Co-official Basque Catalan / Valencian Galician Occitan Aranese Recognised Aragonese Asturian / Leonese Unrecognised languages Gomeran whistled language Hispano - Arabic Hispano - Berber Ibero - Romani Caló Erromintxela Judaeo - Spanish Varieties of the Spanish languages Cultural languages Classical Greek & Latin English French German Immigrant / expatriate languages Arabic Bulgarian Chinese English Italian French German Portuguese Romanian Russian Ukrainian, etc. Standard forms Accents Andalusian Spanish Castilian Spanish Dialects Asturian Basque Catalan / Valencian Galician Sign languages Spanish Sign Language Catalan / Valencian Sign Language Varieties of Spanish by continent Africa Canarian Equatoguinean Americas ( Pan-American ) Caribbean Cuban Dominican Puerto Rican Central America Belizean Costa Rican Guatemalan Honduran Nicaraguan Pachuco Panamanian Salvadoran North America American Caló ( Chicano ) New Mexican Puerto Rican Isleño Mexican South America Amazonic Andean Bolivian Chilean Chilote Chiloé Archipelago Colombian Cordobés Central Argentina Cuyano Central western Argentina Equatorial Coastal Ecuador Llanero Los Llanos Colombia / Venezuela Maracucho Zulia State Paisa Paisa Region Paraguayan Peruvian Ribereño Coastal Peru Rioplatense Coastal Argentina Uruguayan Venezuelan Asia Philippine Chavacano ( creole ) Europe ( Peninsular ) Andalusian Canarian Castilian Castrapo ( Galicia ) Castúo ( Extremadura ) Murcian spoken by Catalan speakers Other Standard Caló ( Para-Romani ) Judaeo - Spanish Palenquero ( creole ) Llanito Papiamento ( Portuguese - based creole with Spanish influence ) Spanglish Extinct Mediaeval Cocoliche and Lunfardo Coastal Argentina, Uruguay Malespín Central America Bozal Languages of Europe Sovereign states Albania Andorra Armenia Austria Azerbaijan Belarus Belgium Bosnia and Herzegovina Bulgaria Croatia Cyprus Czech Republic Denmark Estonia Finland France Georgia Germany Greece Hungary Iceland Ireland Italy Kazakhstan Latvia Liechtenstein Lithuania Luxembourg Macedonia Malta Moldova Monaco Montenegro Netherlands Norway Poland Portugal Romania Russia San Marino Serbia Slovakia Slovenia Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey Ukraine United Kingdom Vatican City States with limited recognition Abkhazia Artsakh Kosovo Northern Cyprus South Ossetia Transnistria Dependencies and other entities Åland Faroe Islands Gibraltar Guernsey Isle of Man Jersey Svalbard Other entities European Union Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Spain&oldid=799400165 '' Categories : Languages of Spain Paleohispanic languages Extinct languages of Europe Hidden categories : Articles with Catalan - language external links Articles with Occitan - language external links Articles containing Spanish - language text All articles with unsourced statements Articles with unsourced statements from June 2009 Use dmy dates from September 2010 Talk Variants Contents About Wikipedia Languages Aragonés Asturianu বাংলা Català Чӑвашла Deutsch Eesti Español Esperanto Euskara Français Galego 한국어 Ido Ирон Italiano Nederlands 日本 語 Português Română Русский Українська 中文 Edit links This page was last edited on 7 September 2017, at 14 : 15. 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Question: what dialect of spanish is spoken in spain
Answer: Spanish (Castilian)