Persians in the Mughal Empire - wikipedia Persians in the Mughal Empire This article includes a list of references, but its sources remain unclear because it has insufficient inline citations. Please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citations. ( September 2012 ) Persian people were among one of the major ethnic groups, who accompanied the ethnic Turco - Mongol ruling elite of the Mughal Empire after its invasion of the Indian subcontinent and Afghanistan. Throughout the Mughal Empire, a number of ethnic Persian technocrats, bureaucrats, traders, scientists, architects, teachers, poets, artists, theologians and Sufis migrated and settled in different parts of the Indian Subcontinent. The name Mughal is derived from the original homelands of the Timurids, the Central Asian ( Turkestan ) steppes once conquered by Genghis Khan and hence known as Moghulistan, `` Land of Mongols ''. Although early Mughals spoke the Chagatai language and maintained some Turko - Mongol practices, they became essentially Persianized and transferred the Persian literary and high culture to South Asia, thus forming the base for the Indo - Persian culture and the Spread of Islam in South Asia. Contents 1 Humayun refuge in Persia 2 Ma'âṣer al - Omarâ 3 Reasons for Immigration 4 Awadh State 5 Qizilbash 6 See also 7 References 8 External links Humayun refuge in Persia Shah Tahmasp greets the exiled Humayun. Shah Tahmasp I and the Mughal Emperor Humayun in Isfahan. Mughal Emperor Humayun was defeated by Sher Shah Suri in 1540 and fled to the refuge of the powerful Safavid Empire in Iran, marching with 40 men and his wife. Shah Tahmasp welcomed the Mughal, and treated him as a royal visitor. Here Humayun went sightseeing and was amazed at the Persian artwork, military might and architecture he saw : much of this was the work of the Timurid Sultan Husayn Bayqarah and his ancestor, princess Gauhar Shad, thus he was able to admire the work of his relatives and ancestors at first hand. He was introduced to the work of the Persian miniaturists, and Kamaleddin Behzad had two of his pupils join Humayun in his court. Humayun was amazed at their work and asked if they would work for him if he were to regain the sovereignty of Hindustan and they agreed. Shah Tahmasp provided financial aid and a large choice of cavalry to regain his Empire. Persians nobles and soldiers joined Humayun in reconquest of South Asia. The Turkic Turani nobility tended to fade away from the political scene and the Persian nobles improved their position. During 1545 -- 1555 A.D. a number of Persians who came in Humayun 's service were appointed to important central offices, such as diwan, wazir, and mir - saman ( In charge of Imperial Palace ). Ma'âṣer al - Omarâ Ma'âṣer al - Omarâ was written by Shah Nawaz Khan and his son, ' Abd al - Hayy in 1780. This book contains the biographies of 738 Mughal nobles of which at least 198 or 26.8 per cent were Persians Reasons for immigration Most of the Persians migrated to South Asia to prosper and obtain high positions in Mughal Empire. Many were Sunni Persians who felt discriminated in Shia Safavid Empire and migrated to mostly Sunni Mughal Empire. There were also rebels and nobles who lost royal favour and migrated to Mughal Empire. The Mughals also preferred to employ foreign Muslim officials that had little or no local interests and thus were loyal to the Mughal emperor. Awadh state Sultanate of Mysore, Nizam of Hyderabad, Nawab of the Carnatic, Nawab of Awadh, Nawab of Bengal, Nawab of Bhopal, Sind and Bhawalpur were Muslim Millets within the Mughal Empire. The most important Shia state in South Asia was established by Persian originally from Khurasan in Persia around 1722 AD with Faizabad as its capital and Sadat Ali Khan as its first Nawab. Awadh or Avadh is also known in various British historical texts as Oudh. Qizilbash The Qizilbash soldiers and officials settled in modern Pakistan during Mughal Emperor Humayun 's return from exile in Safavid Persia and restoration of Mughal Empire. Emperor Humayun lost his South Asian territories to the Pashtun noble, Sher Shah Suri, and, with Persian aid, regained them 15 years later in 1555 AD. See also Mughal Empire Indo - Persian culture Persian language in South Asia Iranian invasion of Indus Valley References ^ Jump up to : Robert L. Canfield, Turko - Persia in historical perspective, Cambridge University Press, 1991. pg 20 : `` The Mughals -- Persianized Turks who invaded from Central Asia and claimed descent from both Timur and Genghis -- strengthened the Persianate culture of Muslim India '' Jump up ^ Frances Pritchett. `` part2_10 ''. Columbia.edu. Retrieved 2012 - 07 - 06. Jump up ^ Emigration of Iranian Elites to India during the 16 -- 18th centuries External links Emigration of Iranian Elites to India during the 16 -- 18th centuries Role of Persians at the Mughal Court : A Historical study, during 1526 to 1707 AD ( 1 ) Mughal Empire Emperors Babur Humayun Akbar Jahangir Shah Jahan Aurangzeb ( Alamgir ) Muhammad Azam Shah Bahadur Shah I Jahandar Shah Farrukhsiyar Rafi ud - Darajat Shah Jahan II Muhammad Shah Ahmad Shah Bahadur Alamgir II Shah Jahan III Shah Alam II Akbar II Bahadur Shah II Battles and conflicts Battle of Panipat ( 1526 ) Gujarat conquest Battle of Khanwa Battle of Ghaghra Siege of Sambhal Battle of Panipat ( 1556 ) Battle of Thanesar Siege of Chittorgarh Siege of Ranthambore Battle of Tukaroi Battle of Raj Mahal Battle of Haldighati Battle of Bhuchar Mori Siege of Kandahar Mughal -- Safavid War ( 1622 -- 23 ) Siege of Orchha Mughal -- Safavid War ( 1649 -- 53 ) Battle of Samugarh Battle of Khajwa Suppression of Tilpat rebellion Ahom -- Mughal conflicts Siege of Purandhar Tibet -- Ladakh -- Mughal War Mughal -- Maratha Wars Siege of Bijapur Siege of Jinji Child 's War Siege of Golconda Battle of Karnal Third Battle of Panipat Battle of Buxar Siege of Delhi Architecture Taj Mahal Gardens of Babur Fatehpur Sikri Tomb of Salim Chishti Humayun 's Tomb Red Fort Lahore Fort Jahangir Mahal Lalbagh Fort Akbar 's Tomb Agra Fort Chawk Mosque Shalimar Gardens Achabal Gardens Jahangir 's Tomb Bibi Ka Maqbara Badshahi Mosque Shahi Bridge Shah Jahan Mosque, Thatta Sheesh Mahal Sunehri Masjid Tipu Sultan Mosque Wazir Khan Mosque more Adversaries Ibrahim Lodi Rana Sanga Sher Shah Suri Hemu Maharana Pratap Malik Ambar Gokula Pratapaditya Shivaji Lachit Borphukan Khushal Khattak Sir Josiah Child Guru Gobind Singh Henry Every Bajirao I Nader Shah Hector Munro Provinces Bengal Subah Gujarat Subah See also Art Cuisine Culture Flag Gardens Language Military Painting Persians Tribe Weapons Timurid dynasty family tree Successor states Maratha Empire Rajput states Jats Sikh Empire Nawabs of Bengal Awadh Nizam of Hyderabad Carnatic Kingdom of Mysore Rohilkhand Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Persians_in_the_Mughal_Empire&oldid=799843652 '' Categories : Mughal Empire Persians in South Asia Hidden categories : Use dmy dates from July 2016 Articles lacking in - text citations from September 2012 All articles lacking in - text citations Talk Contents About Wikipedia فارسی Edit links This page was last edited on 10 September 2017, at 05 : 08. 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Question: who were known as turanis at mughal court
Answer: The Turkic Turani nobility