North Carolina General Assembly - wikipedia North Carolina General Assembly North Carolina General Assembly Type Type Bicameral Houses Senate House of Representatives Leadership President / Lt. Governor Dan Forest ( R ) Since January 7, 2013 President Pro Tem of the Senate Phil Berger ( R ) Since January 26, 2011 Senate Majority Leader Harry Brown ( R ) Since January 26, 2011 Speaker of the House Tim Moore ( R ) Since January 15, 2015 House Majority Leader John R. Bell IV ( R ) Seats 170 ( both houses ) Elections Last election November 8, 2016 Next election November 6, 2018 Meeting place North Carolina State Legislative Building, Raleigh Website http://www.ncleg.net The North Carolina General Assembly is the state legislature of the U.S. state of North Carolina. Contents 1 Purpose 2 Terms 3 Location 4 North Carolina Senate 5 North Carolina House of Representatives 6 History 6.1 Post-independence : Federal period to Civil War 6.2 Reconstruction to Disfranchisement 6.3 1966, One Man, One Vote 6.4 Sessions 7 Elections 8 Controversy 9 Notes 10 References 11 External links Purpose The General Assembly drafts and legislates the state laws of North Carolina, also known as the General Statutes. The General Assembly is a bicameral legislature, consisting of the North Carolina House of Representatives ( formerly the North Carolina House of Commons until 1868 ) and the North Carolina Senate. The House has 120 members, while the Senate has 50. There are no term limits for either chamber. Terms Legislators in both chambers serve two - year terms. Starting with the 2002 election, each legislator represents a single - member House or Senatorial district ; prior to 2002, some districts elected multiple legislators. Location The General Assembly meets in the state capital of Raleigh ( except for special occasions, when legislators might decide to hold a ceremonial session in some other city ). It met in the Capitol building until 1963, when the legislature relocated to the new North Carolina State Legislative Building. North Carolina Senate Main article : North Carolina Senate See also : Category : North Carolina State Senators and President Pro Tempore of the North Carolina Senate The Senate has 50 members. Though its members represent districts that are larger than those of their colleagues in the House, its prerogatives and powers are no greater. The President of the Senate is the Lieutenant Governor of North Carolina, but the Lt. Governor has very limited powers and only votes to break a tie. Before the office of Lt. Governor was created in 1868, the Senate was presided over by a `` Speaker. '' After the 1988 election of James Carson Gardner, the first Republican Lt. Governor since Reconstruction, Democrats in control of the Senate shifted most of the power held by the Lt. Governor to the senator who is elected President Pro Tempore ( or Pro-Tem ). The President pro tempore appoints members to standing committees of the Senate, and holds great sway over bills. The qualifications to be a senator are found in the state Constitution : `` Each Senator, at the time of his election, shall be not less than 25 years of age, shall be a qualified voter of the State, and shall have resided in the State as a citizen for two years and in the district for which he is chosen for one year immediately preceding his election. '' According to the state constitution, the Senate is also the `` Court for the Trial of Impeachments ''. The House of Representatives has the power to impeach state officials, after which the Senate holds a trial, as in the federal system. If the Governor or Lt. Governor is the official who has been impeached, the Chief Justice of the North Carolina Supreme Court presides. North Carolina House of representatives Main article : North Carolina House of Representatives See also : Category : Members of the North Carolina House of Representatives and Speaker of the North Carolina House of Representatives The 120 members of the House are led by a Speaker, who holds powers similar to those of the Senate President pro-tem. The qualifications to be a member of the House are found in the state Constitution : `` Each Representative, at the time of his election, shall be a qualified voter of the State, and shall have resided in the district for which he is chosen for one year immediately preceding his election. '' Elsewhere, the constitution specifies that no elected official shall be under twenty - one years of age and that no elected officials may deny the existence of God, although this provision is not enforced. History The North Carolina State Capitol, home to the General Assembly from 1840 -- 1963 The North Carolina legislature traces its roots to the first assembly for the `` County of Albemarle, '' which was convened in 1665 by Governor William Drummond. Albemarle County was the portion of the British colony of Carolina ( under the control of the `` Lords Proprietors '' before becoming a royal province in 1729 ) that would eventually become North Carolina. From approximately 1666 to 1697, the Governor, his council, and representatives of various precincts and towns, elected by male freeholders, sat together as a unicameral legislature. By 1697, this evolved into a bicameral body, with the Governor and his council as the upper house, and the House of Burgesses as the elected lower house. The House, sometimes known simply as `` the Assembly, '' could only meet when called by the Governor, but it was allowed to set its own rules and to elect its own Speaker. According to one early compilation of the `` Laws of North Carolina '', the first `` General Biennial Assembly '' was held `` at the House of Capt. Richard Sanderson, at Little - River begun on the 17th day of November, 1715 and continued by several Adjournments, until the 19th Day of January, 1715 ( sic ). '' At that session the Assembly adopted many of the laws of England that remained in effect through most of the 20th Century. Notable in this category is the Statute of Elizabeth or the Statute of Frauds, which was not repealed until the General Assembly adopted the Uniform Fraudulent Transfer Act in July 1997. The House also controlled the salary of the Governor, and withheld that salary when the Governor displeased a majority of the House. Naturally, conflicts between the Governor and the legislature were frequent. In 1774 and 1775, the people of the colony elected a provincial Congress, independent of the royal governor, as the American Revolution began. Most of its members were also members of what would be the last House of Burgesses. There were five Provincial Congresses. The fifth Congress approved the first constitution ( 1776 ). With the signing of the Declaration of Independence, the United States became an independent nation with very different legislatures in each part of the colony. Because of the history of distrust of the executive, the constitution firmly established the General Assembly, as it was now called, as the most powerful organ of the state. The bicameral legislature, whose members would all be elected by the people, would itself elect all the officers of the executive and judicial branches. As William S. Powell wrote in North Carolina : A History, `` The legislative branch henceforth would have the upper hand. The governor would be the creature of the assembly, elected by it and removable by it.... The governor could not take any important step without the advice and consent of the ' council of state, ' and he had no voice in the appointment or removal of ( council of state members ). '' This constitution was not submitted to a vote of the people. The Congress simply adopted it and elected Richard Caswell, the last president of the Congress, as acting Governor until the new legislature was elected and seated. The new General Assembly, which first convened in April 1777, consisted of a Senate, which had one member from each county ( regardless of population ), and a House of Commons, which had two members representing each county, plus one each from certain towns. Only land - owning ( 100 acres for the House of Commons, 300 acres ( 1.2 km ) for the Senate ), Protestant men could serve. The constitution provided for more rights for freedmen and free men of color. The 9th Amendment on this constitution states, `` That no freeman shall be convicted of any crime, but by the unanimous verdict of a jury of good lawful men, in open court, as heretofore used. '' Lillian Exum Clement became the first female member of the General Assembly in 1921. Post-independence : federal period to civil war In the early 19th century, free men of color with sufficient property were allowed to vote. Following Nat Turner 's slave rebellion of 1831, the state legislature passed more restrictive laws, making it illegal to teach a slave how to read or write. They also narrowed rights of free people of color, rescinding their franchise and the right to bear arms, and forbidding them from attending school or learning to read and write, as well as forbidding them from preaching in public. In 1835, the constitution was amended to make the Governor elected by the people, but the legislature elected all other officials, including US Senators. Amendments set the number of senators at 50 and the number of commoners ( representatives to the House ) at 120. Senators were to be elected from districts representing approximately equal numbers of citizens, rather than by geographic counties. Members of the House were still elected by county, but more populous counties were entitled to more representatives. Reconstruction to disfranchisement In 1868, a new constitution was passed by the Reconstruction era legislature, a biracial body dominated by Republicans. It changed the name of the House of Commons to the House of Representatives. It established the office of Lieutenant Governor. Previously, the Speaker of the Senate was the constitutional successor to the Governor in case of death or resignation. Property qualifications for holding office were abolished in order to enlarge opportunity. Finally, the legislature made executive officers and judges subject to popular election rather than appointment by the legislature. African - American men were first elected to the state legislature in 1868. Despite efforts by Red Shirts and other white Democratic paramilitary groups to disrupt Republican meetings and suppress black voting in order to ensure the Democratic takeover, some African Americans continued to be elected in the 19th century, especially to local offices. George Henry White was elected as US Congressman in 1894. But shortly before the turn of the century, the Democrats regained control of the state legislature ( after a biracial coalition between Republicans and Populists had briefly held power ) and passed laws to create barriers to voter registration through poll taxes, literacy tests and other devices. Applied subjectively by white administrators, these methods effectively disenfranchised most blacks in the state. Black voters were eliminated by 1904. An estimated 75,000 black male citizens lost the vote. Congressman White did not run for a third term and, like many other talented black men, left the state for better opportunities in the North. African Americans were closed out of politics in North Carolina for decades, with most not regaining the ability to vote until after passage of the Voting Rights Act of 1965, and federal overview and enforcement. 1966, one man, one vote As was the case in other states where rural legislators hung on to power despite changes in state demographics, North Carolina eventually had to redefine its method of electing house members and to reapportion congressional seats, which was supposed to be done after every decennial census. At a time of civil rights legislation to end segregation ( Civil Rights Act of 1964 ) and enforce the constitutional right to vote for African Americans and other minorities ( Voting Rights Act of 1965 ), the US Supreme Court made rulings that resulted in corrections to state legislature representation and apportionment in several states. Starting in 1966 ( in the wake of Reynolds v. Sims, a US Supreme Court case establishing the principle of one man, one vote ), members of the North Carolina State House were required to be elected from districts defined on the basis of roughly equal population, rather than from geographic counties. The county basis had resulted in a longstanding rural bias in the legislature. The new urban populations, including minorities and immigrants, were historically underrepresented in terms of legislative seats and funding, although the state 's demographics and population had become increasingly urbanized. The court 's ruling required changes also in other states with similar practices. The changes allowed full representation for the first time from some urban and more densely settled areas. It also meant that counties with low populations lost the chance to elect a resident member to the legislature for the first time in state history. In the landmark Shelby County v. Holder case, Supreme Court judges invalidated sections of the Voting Rights Act of 1965 thereby freeing individual states to `` change their election laws without advance federal approval. '' In August 12, 2013 Republican Governor Pat McCrory signed omnibus election law bill -- House Bill 589 which added requirements for voting such as photo identification. In July 2016, the Fourth Circuit Court of Appeals struck down the restrictive election laws. Sessions See also : Category : North Carolina General Assembly by session The General Assembly meets in regular session ( or the `` long session '' ) beginning in January of each odd - numbered year, and adjourns to reconvene the following even - numbered year for what is called the `` Short Session. '' Though there is no limit on the length of any session, the `` long session '' typically lasts for 6 months, and the `` short session '' typically lasts for 6 weeks. Occasionally, in the case of a special need, the Governor may call a Special Session of the General Assembly after it has adjourned for the year. According to the state - published 2002 North Carolina Manual ( no longer available online ), Prior to 1957, the General Assembly convened in January at a time fixed by the Constitution of North Carolina. From 1957 through 1967, sessions convened in February at a time fixed by the Constitution. The 1969 General Assembly was the first to convene on a date fixed by law after elimination of the constitutionally fixed date. The assembly now convenes on the third Wednesday after the second Monday in January after the November election. North Carolina General Assembly of 1777 North Carolina General Assembly of 1778 North Carolina General Assembly of 1779 North Carolina General Assembly of 1899 -- 1900 North Carolina General Assembly of 2001 -- 2002 North Carolina General Assembly of 2003 -- 2004 North Carolina General Assembly of 2005 -- 2006 North Carolina General Assembly of 2007 -- 2008 North Carolina General Assembly of 2009 -- 2010 North Carolina General Assembly of 2011 -- 2012 North Carolina General Assembly of 2013 -- 2014 Elections Elections for all seats in both houses are held in each even - numbered year. If a seat should become vacant between elections, there are no by - elections or special elections. Rather, the local leaders of the political party of the person who vacated the seat nominate a replacement, to serve until the next election. The Governor, ordinarily, accepts the nomination, and appoints that person. North Carolina General Assembly election, 2002 North Carolina General Assembly election, 2004 North Carolina Senate election, 2008 North Carolina Senate elections, 2014 Until 1982, a legislator 's term in office was said to begin immediately upon his or her election. Since then terms begin on January 1 after a legislator 's election. Controversy Though the General Assembly is Republican, critics worry that it seeks to destroy local government and small government, as they often override city legislation at the state level. This has been seen in the HB2 bill, which was later declared unconstitutional in federal court, the redrawing the Greensboro town council, and forced state name changes of regionally managed facilities. Notes ^ Jump up to : `` Structure of the North Carolina General Assembly ''. Official North Carolina General Assembly Website. Retrieved 2006 - 07 - 23. Jump up ^ `` State Capitol of NC ''. NC Department of Cultural Resources. Retrieved 2006 - 08 - 04. Jump up ^ `` Marker : A-13 ''. Ncmarkers.com. Retrieved 2012 - 05 - 18. Jump up ^ ( Iredell 1791 ) Jump up ^ ( Iredell 1791, p. 9 ). All marginal referenced to year of enactment of various chapters reference 1715, therefore the obvious error in the year maybe presumed to be the year of adjournment rather than the year the session convened. Jump up ^ ( Iredell 1791, Chapter 38 ) Jump up ^ S.L. 1997 - 291. Ncleg.net ( 1997 - 10 - 01 ). Retrieved on 2013 - 08 - 09. Jump up ^ `` Women In The North Carolina General Assembly 1921 - 2007 '' ( PDF ). Archived from the original ( PDF ) on 2007 - 10 - 25. Retrieved 2007 - 10 - 21. Jump up ^ North Carolina legislation Jump up ^ J. Morgan Kousser, The Shaping of Southern Politics : Suffrage Restriction and the Establishment of the One - Party South, 1880 - 1910, p. 104 Jump up ^ North Carolina History Project `` Fusion Politics '' Jump up ^ The North Carolina Collection, UNC Libraries `` The North Carolina Election of 1898 '' Jump up ^ Albert Shaw, The American Monthly Review of Reviews, Vol. XXII, Jul - Dec 1900, p. 274 Jump up ^ Richard H. Pildes, `` Democracy, Anti-Democracy, and the Canon '', Constitutional Commentary, Vol. 17, 2000, pp. 12 - 13 Jump up ^ Liptak, Adam ( June 25, 2013 ). `` Supreme Court Invalidates Key Part of Voting Rights Act ''. New York Times. Retrieved July 29, 2016. Jump up ^ Reilly, Ryan J. ( 27 Feb 2013 ). `` Voting Rights Act Supreme Court Case : Scalia Condemns The ' Perpetuation Of Racial Entitlement ' ''. The Huffington Post. Retrieved 13 July 2013. Jump up ^ Lengell, Sean ( Feb 28, 2013 ). `` Scalia ' racial ' comment on voting rights law draws fire ''. The Washington Times. Retrieved 13 July 2013. ^ Jump up to : Byrne, Nick ( August 27, 2013 ), `` North Carolina Restricts Voting Access in the Name of Reform '', Jurist, retrieved July 29, 2016 Jump up ^ Blinder, Alan ( July 29, 2016 ). `` Federal Appeals Court Strikes Down North Carolina Voter ID Provision ''. New York Times. Retrieved July 29, 2016. Jump up ^ Ann E. Marimow ( July 29, 2016 ). `` Appeals court strikes down North Carolina 's voter - ID law ''. Washington Post. Retrieved July 29, 2016. Jump up ^ `` UNC can not enforce part of HB2, federal judge rules ''. PBS NewsHour. Retrieved 2017 - 12 - 24. Jump up ^ `` Greensboro mayor blasts legislature after council redrawn ''. newsobserver. Retrieved 2017 - 12 - 24. Jump up ^ `` State legislators propose name change for Fayetteville State ''. The Daily Tar Heel. Retrieved 2017 - 12 - 24. References Iredell, James ( 1791 ), Laws of the State of North Carolina External links Official website Official site of the North Carolina Senate Official site of the North Carolina House North Carolina Constitution Article 2, describing legislative power History of Partisan Division in General Assembly since 1971 Blog by General Assembly 's Director of Bill Drafting Online archive of the North Carolina Legislative Journals of the General Assembly, 1822 to the present, from the State Library of North Carolina. Online archive of the Public Documents of North Carolina containing executive and legislative documents produced for each year 's General Assembly session, 1831 to 1919, from the State Library of North Carolina. Online archive of the Session Laws of North Carolina, which include all ratified bills and resolutions in a given session of the General Assembly, 1817 to 2011, from the State Library of North Carolina. Guide to the Session Laws of North Carolina Members of the North Carolina State Senate President of the Senate : Dan Forest ( R ) President pro Tempore : Phil Berger ( R ) Majority Leader : Harry Brown ( R ) Minority Leader : Dan Blue ( D ) Bill Cook ( R ) Norm Sanderson ( R ) Erica Smith - Ingram ( D ) Milton Fitch, Jr. ( D ) Don Davis ( D ) Harry Brown ( R ) Louis Pate ( R ) Bill Rabon ( R ) Michael V. Lee ( R ) Brent Jackson ( R ) Rick Horner ( R ) Ronald J. Rabin ( R ) Danny Earl Britt, Jr. ( R ) Dan Blue ( D ) John M. Alexander Jr. ( R ) Jay Chaudhuri ( D ) Tamara Barringer ( R ) Chad Barefoot ( R ) Wesley Meredith ( R ) Floyd McKissick Jr. ( D ) Ben Clark ( D ) Mike Woodard ( D ) Valerie Foushee ( D ) Rick Gunn ( R ) Tom McInnis ( R ) Phil Berger ( R ) Trudy Wade ( R ) Gladys A. Robinson ( D ) Jerry W. Tillman ( R ) Shirley B. Randleman ( R ) Joyce Krawiec ( R ) Paul A. Lowe Jr. ( D ) Cathy Dunn ( R ) Dan Barrett ( R ) Tommy Tucker ( R ) Paul Newton ( R ) Jeff Jackson ( D ) Joel D.M. Ford ( D ) Dan Bishop ( R ) Joyce Waddell ( D ) Jeff Tarte ( R ) Andy Wells ( R ) Kathy Harrington ( R ) David L. Curtis ( R ) Deanna Ballard ( R ) Warren Daniel ( R ) Ralph Hise ( R ) Chuck Edwards ( R ) Terry Van Duyn ( D ) Jim Davis ( R ) Republican ( 35 ) Democratic ( 15 ) North Carolina General Assembly North Carolina House of Representatives North Carolina State Senate Members of the North Carolina House of Representatives Speaker of the House : Tim Moore ( R ) Speaker pro Tempore : Sarah Stevens ( R ) Majority Leader : John R. Bell IV ( R ) Minority Leader : Darren Jackson ( D ) Bob Steinburg ( R ) Larry Yarborough ( R ) Michael Speciale ( R ) Jimmy Dixon ( R ) Howard J. Hunter III ( D ) Beverly G. Boswell ( R ) Bobbie Richardson ( D ) Susan Martin ( R ) Gregory F. Murphy ( R ) John R. Bell IV ( R ) Duane Hall ( D ) George Graham ( D ) Pat McElraft ( R ) George Cleveland ( R ) Phil Shepard ( R ) Bob Muller ( R ) Frank Iler ( R ) Deb Butler ( D ) Ted Davis Jr. ( R ) Holly Grange ( R ) Larry Bell ( D ) William Brisson ( R ) Shelly Willingham ( D ) Jean Farmer - Butterfield ( D ) Jeff Collins ( R ) Donna McDowell White ( R ) Michael H. Wray ( D ) Larry Strickland ( R ) MaryAnn Black ( D ) Marcia Morey ( D ) Mickey Michaux ( D ) Terry Garrison ( D ) Rosa Gill ( D ) Grier Martin ( D ) Chris Malone ( R ) Nelson Dollar ( R ) Linda Hunt Williams ( R ) Yvonne Lewis Holley ( D ) Darren Jackson ( D ) Joe John ( D ) Gale Adcock ( D ) Marvin W. Lucas ( D ) Elmer Floyd ( D ) William O. Richardson ( D ) John Szoka ( R ) Brenden H. Jones ( R ) Charles Graham ( D ) Garland E. Pierce ( D ) Cynthia Ball ( D ) Graig R. Meyer ( D ) John I. Sauls ( R ) Jamie Boles ( R ) David R. Lewis ( R ) Robert T. Reives II ( D ) Mark Brody ( R ) Verla C. Insko ( D ) Pricey Harrison ( D ) Amos Quick ( D ) Jon Hardister ( R ) Cecil Brockman ( D ) John Faircloth ( R ) John Blust ( R ) Stephen M. Ross ( R ) Dennis Riddell ( R ) Bert Jones ( R ) Ken Goodman ( D ) Justin Burr ( R ) D. Craig Horn ( R ) Dean Arp ( R ) Pat Hurley ( R ) Evelyn Terry ( D ) Edward Hanes Jr. ( D ) Lee Zachary ( R ) Debra Conrad ( R ) Donny Lambeth ( R ) Carl Ford ( R ) Harry Warren ( R ) Allen McNeill ( R ) Julia C. Howard ( R ) Sam Watford ( R ) Larry Potts ( R ) Larry Pittman ( R ) Linda B. Johnson ( R ) Rena W. Turner ( R ) Josh Dobson ( R ) Hugh Blackwell ( R ) Destin Hall ( R ) Mary Gardner Belk ( D ) Mitchell S. Setzer ( R ) Sarah Stevens ( R ) Bryan R. Holloway ( R ) Chaz Beasley ( D ) Jonathan C. Jordan ( R ) Jeffrey Elmore ( R ) John A. Fraley ( R ) Jay Adams ( R ) Jason Saine ( R ) John R. Bradford, III ( R ) Rodney W. Moore ( D ) John Autry ( D ) Beverly M. Earle ( D ) Becky Carney ( D ) William Brawley ( R ) Dan Bishop ( R ) Scott Stone ( R ) Carla Cunningham ( D ) Kelly Alexander ( D ) John Torbett ( R ) Dana Bumgardner ( R ) Kelly Hastings ( R ) Timothy K. Moore ( R ) Mike Hager ( R ) Chris Whitmire ( R ) Susan C. Fisher ( D ) John Ager ( D ) Brian Turner ( D ) Chuck McGrady ( R ) Michele D. Presnell ( R ) Mike Clampitt ( R ) Roger West ( R ) Republican ( 75 ) Democratic ( 45 ) North Carolina General Assembly North Carolina House of Representatives North Carolina State Senate Legislatures of the United States United States Congress United States House of Representatives United States Senate State legislatures Alabama ( H, S ) Alaska ( H, S ) Arizona ( H, S ) Arkansas ( H, S ) California ( A, S ) Colorado ( H, S ) Connecticut ( H, S ) Delaware ( H, S ) Florida ( H, S ) Georgia ( H, S ) Hawaii ( H, S ) Idaho ( H, S ) Illinois ( H, S ) Indiana ( H, S ) Iowa ( H, S ) Kansas ( H, S ) Kentucky ( H, S ) Louisiana ( H, S ) Maine ( H, S ) Maryland ( H, S ) Massachusetts ( H, S ) Michigan ( H, S ) Minnesota ( H, S ) Mississippi ( H, S ) Missouri ( H, S ) Montana ( H, S ) Nebraska Nevada ( A, S ) New Hampshire ( H, S ) New Jersey ( GA, S ) New Mexico ( H, S ) New York ( A, S ) North Carolina ( H, S ) North Dakota ( H, S ) Ohio ( H, S ) Oklahoma ( H, S ) Oregon ( H, S ) Pennsylvania ( H, S ) Rhode Island ( H, S ) South Carolina ( H, S ) South Dakota ( H, S ) Tennessee ( H, S ) Texas ( H, S ) Utah ( H, S ) Vermont ( H, S ) Virginia ( H, S ) Washington ( H, S ) West Virginia ( H, S ) Wisconsin ( A, S ) Wyoming ( H, S ) Other legislatures District of Columbia American Samoa ( H, S ) Guam Northern Mariana Islands ( H, S ) Puerto Rico ( H, S ) U.S. Virgin Islands List of current U.S. state legislators Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=North_Carolina_General_Assembly&oldid=847993212 '' Categories : Government of North Carolina North Carolina General Assembly Organizations based in Raleigh, North Carolina Bicameral legislatures 1665 establishments in the Thirteen Colonies Talk Contents About Wikipedia Français 中文 Edit links This page was last edited on 29 June 2018, at 04 : 00 ( UTC ). Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution - ShareAlike License ; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia ® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization. About Wikipedia

Question: what are the names of the 2 parts of nc's legislatures called
Answer: the North Carolina House of Representatives