Transport in Chennai - wikipedia Transport in Chennai Transport in Chennai includes various modes of air, sea, road and rail transportation in the city and its suburbs. Contents 1 History 2 Transportation in the past 3 Road transportation 3.1 Buses 3.2 Other road vehicles 4 Rail 4.1 MRTS System 4.2 Metro Railway 4.3 Smart Card 5 Airport 6 Ports 7 Developments 8 Growth in vehicle population 9 Pollution 10 Safety 11 See also 12 Notes and references 13 External links History Map of the road and rail transportation network in the Chennai metropolitan area The city of Chennai is the birthplace of the railway system in India. In 1831 - 33, Madras Parliament first came up with the idea. In 1832, the first proposal of railway under the British administration was made in Madras, 21 years before the first operational railway line in India. Later in 1836 A.P. Cotton, a civil engineer in Madras, advocated the construction of a railroad in India. Vadapalani Junction, Chennai Meanwhile, in 1835, a short railway line intended to carry granite stones was laid at Chintadripet on an experimental basis, which later became to known as Red Hill Railroad line. Construction on this line began in 1836 and the line was opened in 1837. Despite a few troubles, the line became operational in the same year, with a written report of its functioning since January 1838, thus marking the first rail transport in the country 16 years prior to the running of the first commercial passenger service in India, the Bori Bunder -- Thane train with 14 carriages hauled by three locomotives on 16 April 1853. Although the Chintadripet line was primarily intended for wagons hauled by animals, steam locomotives were also operated on the line, one of which is believed to be built in India. In 1845, Madras Railway Company was mooted, and in 1852 Madras Guaranteed Railway Company was formed. In 1852, the work for laying the first track by Madras Guaranteed Railway Company between Madras and Arcot was started, and in 1856, the first train run between Royapuram and Arcot. In 1895, the first electric trams became operational in the city. The work for suburban train services started in 1928 and became operational in 1931 between Madras Beach and Tambaram with electric multiple units ( EMUs ). The tram services were withdrawn in 1953. With the operation of the mass rapid transit system ( MRTS ) between Chennai Beach and Chepauk in 1995, the city is the first to have an elevated track in India. As of 1 April 2013, the total vehicle population of Chennai is 3,881,850, including 3,053,233 two wheelers. Growth trend of motor vehicles in the city is listed below : Year Total registered vehicles 1981 120,000 1986 228,000 1991 544,000 812,000 1998 975,000 2012 3,760,000 2016 4,757,822 Transportation in the past Trams See also : Trams in India See also : List of town tramway systems in Asia Trams were existent in the city for about 67 years starting from the end of the 19th century. The city was home to the first electric trams in India. Trams became a necessary one as the area of the city was widely dispersed with broad avenues radiating from the fort area. The first electric trams became operational in the city on 7 May 1895. Trams were operated between the docks and the inland areas, carrying goods and passengers. The route encompassed Mount Road, Parry 's Corner, Poonamallee Road and the Ripon Building. Run by the Madras Electricity System ( MES ), trams on rails dominated Chennai roads and remained a convenient mode of transport for thousands of riders as it could carry heavy loads. They moved at a maximum speed of just 7 km / h. Two types of trams were in operations -- the bigger type measuring about 50 ft in length and the smaller type measuring about 35 ft. A total of 200 commuters could conveniently travel in trams, which had wooden seats to seat 60 passengers. The trams ran on electricity. The original conduit system was replaced by an conventional overhead wire system after a series of destructive monsoons. By 1921, when the tram system was at its peak, there were 24 km of track and 97 cars. A strike by workers demanding wage revision resulted in a lock - out of the tram company by about 1950. Subsequently, the then Chief Minister C. Rajagopalachari favoured the idea of ending the service, and the tram service came to an end on 12 April 1953. The rails of the tram embedded on roads continued to remain for several years after the withdrawal of the service, since their removal would cost the government a fortune. The contract to remove the tracks and overhead cables was given to Narainsingh Ghanshamsingh. Road transportation For the planned 2 - tier urban transit, see Chennai HSCTC For the elevated expressways, see Chennai Elevated Expressways Anna Salai IT Corridor in Chennai Chennai 's economic development has been closely tied to its port and transport infrastructure, and it is considered as one of the best infrastructure in India. The city and metropolitan area are served by major arterial roads that run either in an east - west or north - south direction. Anna Salai -- or Mount Road as it is more popularly called -- is the city 's most famous road. It traverses most of central and south Chennai and leads on to the Grand Southern Trunk Road. ( National Highway 45 ) to Thiruchirapalli. The road runs in a north - east to south - west direction. Other arterials include Kamaraj Salai ( north - south ), Poonamalee High Road ( east - west ), Radhakrishnan Salai ( east - west ), and Sardar Patel Road ( east - west ). The East Coast Road starts from Thiruvanmiyur and connects Mahabalipuram, Pondicherry and extends beyond. Buses The first motor bus service in the city was organised by the Madras Tramway Corporation between 1925 and 1928. Most motor bus service providers in the city were nationalised as per the 1939 Motor Vehicles Act. The Pallavan Transport Corporation was created on 1 January 1972 to serve Madras city. It had a fleet of 1029 buses. In 1994, Pallavan Transport Corporation was bifurcated into Dr. Ambedkar Transport Corporation Limited for northern Madras and Pallavan Transport Corporation Limited for southern Madras. The two were reunited in 2001 to form the Metropolitan Transport Corporation. The bus service, currently, plies about 4,000 buses on 622 routes, moves an estimated 5.038 million passengers each day. The CMBT in Koyambedu is the terminus for all intercity bus services from Chennai. It is one of the largest bus station in Asia The Chennai Mofussil Bus Terminus ( CMBT ), opened in 2001, is one of the largest bus station in Asia, and serves as the terminus for all intercity buses from Chennai. The CMBT is located on the Inner Ring Road at Koyambedu in the western part of Chennai, replacing the older terminus on the Esplanade in the city centre. State transport and private bus services to all major cities and towns in Tamil Nadu and neighbouring states start from here. Other road vehicles In addition to the bus service, private metered call taxis and fixed - rate tourist taxis are available at all entry points to the city like airport, mofussil bus terminus and central railway station. Unmetered autos ply across the city charging flat rates. Economical alternative to the auto rickshaws are the share autos, in which passengers pay a shared fee to their destination. In 2012, according to estimates, 66,679 auto rickshaws and over 2,000 share autos were running in the city. Of these, about 10,000 are operated using diesel. About 41,700 auto rickshaws run on LPG. Vans which are run like bus services and popularly called `` Maxi Cabs '' also ply on many routes in the city. The outlying suburban areas of the city are also served by private mini bus company services as well as government bus transport corporations of neighbouring districts. Despite a sharp increase in the number of four - wheelers in the city, motorscooters are still very prevalent and are preferred to cars due to their affordability, fuel efficiency, manoeuvrability, and ease of parking. In February 2014, bicycle sharing system was conceived by the Corporation to encourage bicycle transportation. Around 3,000 cycles was planned to be stationed at 200 places, which can be accessed with smart card system. The neighbourhoods of Thousand Lights, Egmore, Mylapore, Royapettah, Kamarajar Salai, government offices and Fort complex will be covered by the network in the first phase. There are 31 auto LPG dispensing stations ( ALDS ) in the city, of which 11 are owned by Indian Oil Corporation Limited ( IOCL ). They have a capacity to supply 604,000 litres a day but an average of only 150,000 is sold daily. The demand is around 600,000 litres a day. The city has a total of 372 junctions. Rail Main article : Chennai suburban railway A map of the Chennai suburban train system and interconnecting bus routes Heatmap of the coverage of public transportation in Chennai City The first railway station in Madras city was opened at Royapuram in 1853. The first to be constructed in South India, the Royapuram station served as the headquarters of the Madras Railway Company. On 1 July 1856, the first railway service in South India was commenced between Madras and Arcot. Madras Central was opened in 1873 followed by the Egmore Railway Station in 1908. Egmore served as the headquarters of the Madras and Southern Mahratta Railway from 1908 to 1951 while Central served as the headquarters of the South Indian Railway Company from 1927 to 1951. Both the companies were liquidated when India 's railway network was nationalised in the 1950s. Chennai Central is currently the headquarters of the Southern Railway Zone of the Indian Railways. Chennai 's first suburban electric train service was inaugurated between Chennai Beach and Tambaram on 2 April 1931. The Chennai suburban railway system currently has 6 lines with a total system length of about 896.5 km ( 557 mi ) ( non-redundant track length ) of which 286 km ( 178 mi ) are true suburban and 610.5 km ( 379 mi ) MEMU service ). North Line : Chennai Central MMC -- Ennore -- Gummidipoondi -- Sullurpeta ( -- Gudur -- Nellore -- Bitragunta ) South Line : Chennai Beach -- Tambaram -- Chengalpattu ( -- Melmaruvathur -- Tindivanam -- Villupuram ) South West Line : Chennai Beach -- Tambaram -- Chengalpattu ( -- Kanchipuram -- Tirumalpur -- Arakkonam ) West Line : Chennai Central MMC -- Tiruvallur -- Arakkonam ( -- Katpadi -- Jolarpet ) West North Line : Chennai Central MMC -- Tiruvallur -- Arakkonam -- Tiruttani ( -- Renigunta -- Tirupati ) West South Line : Chennai Beach -- Royapuram -- Washermanpet -- Perambur -- Arakkonam ( -- Katpadi -- Vellore ) The system uses broad gauge. The section from Washermanpet to Beach handles predominantly freight traffic from Chennai Port, and is not geared well to serve passengers. MRTS system Main article : Mass Rapid Transit System ( Chennai ) The MRTS system opened in the early 1990s and consists of the following sections : Chennai Beach -- Velachery Velachery -- St. Thomas Mount ( under construction ) Thiruvanmiyur -- Mamallapuram ( proposed ) The MRTS system is planned to meet with the Tambaram branch of the existing suburban network at St. Thomas Mount. The plan envisages the MRTS line to proceed north from St. Thomas Mount, forming a ring around the city and ending at the northbound Central - Gummidipoondi line. However, extending MRTS beyond St. Thomas Mount is not very certain in light of the State Government deciding to develop the Chennai Metro rail system. A new MRTS line has been proposed between Thiruvanmiyur and Mamallapuram. Metro railway Main article : Chennai Metro A view of the Chennai Metro at night. A metro system is under construction to meet the future urban transport requirements. It opened its doors to the public on June 29, 2015. Totally 7 corridors have been proposed. In first phase, two corridors are under construction. Three corridors has been proposed in the second phase. There are also plans for extending Corridor 1 till Wimco Nagar. Corridor 1 : Washermanpet -- Chennai International Airport ( under construction, Little Mount to Chennai International Airport running ) Corridor 2 : Chennai Central -- St. Thomas Mount ( under construction, Template : Metro nehru park to Alandur running ) Corridor 3 : Moolakadai -- Thiruvanmiyur ( planned ) Corridor 4 : Moolakadai -- Mogappair ( planned ) Corridor 5 : Mylapore -- Poonamallee ( planned ) Smart card Chennai Underground metrostation with India 's first Platform Screen Doors The Smart Card looks similar to a debit card, issued by the suburban railway at ticket counters for Rs. 100 currently. This Rs. 100 includes Rs. 50 refundable deposit, and Rs. 50 travel value. The travel value can be used to purchase platform and travel tickets for the Chennai suburban trains. The smart card is valid for 6 months from the date of purchase and the extra amounts of travel value can be recharged whenever needed. It is found that very few people are using this smart card and many ticket vending machines which work on Smart cards do not function properly. Smart Card is very beneficial in terms of avoiding standing in long queues saving precious time, and also keeping track of the money spending on the trains travel. The touch screen ticket vending kiosks are provided in many stations, for using the smart card services. The kiosk has a multilanguage interface, featuring Tamil, English and Hindi. The user has to place the smart card, select destination zone, destination station, number of adults, number of children, one way or return ticket and via stations. The ticket is printed for the user within a second. Airport Front view of a part of Chennai Airport. Main article : Chennai International Airport The Chennai International Airport serves as the city 's airport for both domestic and international flights. The airport consists of the Anna International terminal and the Kamaraj Domestic terminal, and handles domestic as well as international flights. It is the third busiest airport in India and handled a staggering 12 million passengers in 2007 - 08 with international passenger traffic alone growing at 20 percent - higher than any other metro airport in the country. The city is connected to major hubs in South Asia, South East Asia, the Middle East, Europe and North America through over fifteen international carriers. The airport is also the second busiest cargo terminus in the country with its large integrated cargo terminal. The Airport lies around 25 km from the city centre and is accessible by road and rail transport services. This airport is undergoing modernisation and expansion, including the construction of an additional terminal. Furthermore, a new greenfield airport is to be constructed at an estimated cost of Rs 20 billion in Sriperumbudur to serve the city 's burgeoning air traffic. Other airports in the metropolitan area include the Indian Air Force base at Tambaram and the Indian Naval air base at Arakkonam. Ports The city is served by two major ports namely Chennai Port -- which is one of the largest artificial ports -- and Ennore Port. Chennai port is India 's second busiest container hub, handling general industrial cargo, automobiles, etc. An additional container terminal is being constructed, as well. Chennai Port has 21 alongside berths in three distinct zones of the Chennai port namely the Ambedkar Dock ( inner harbour to handle passenger, general cargo and containers ), Jawahar Dock ( to handle coal, fertiliser, other bulk and break bulk cargo ) and Bharathi Dock ( outer harbour accommodates ore and oil handling system and a modern container terminal ). The Ennore port currently handles cargo such as coal, ore and bulk and break bulk cargo. A new container terminal is also planned for the Ennore port. A smaller harbour at Royapuram is used by local fishing boats and trawlers. Developments From September 2012, the city traffic police has planned to shift to a ₹ 1,170 - million integrated traffic management system ( ITMS ), which is a first of its kind in the country, through which 100 arterial traffic junctions in the city will be integrated and brought under CCTV surveillance with facilities to ensure smooth traffic flow and streamline the traffic violations as well. The system comprises traffic junction surveillance system and automatic number plate reading system ( ANPRS ) through which vehicle numbers of traffic offenders would be identified and challans sent to them with visuals of the offence. ITMS would also provide a seamless passageway to the ambulances and VVIP vehicles by giving green signals at the three consecutive junctions ahead and help nabbing the criminals by signalling red lights. A total of 700 cameras ( ANPRS and pan-tilt - zoom ) would be installed at 100 junctions. Right now in 2017 there are about 21000 + CCTV Camera system installed by chennai police with help of many CCTV Camera dealers in chennai As part of the ITMS, a green corridor for emergency services, including ambulances and fire tenders, will also be implemented. Growth in vehicle population Chennai 's vehicle population has been accelerating steadily from 600,000 in 1992, to 1.3 million in 2001 and 3.64 million in 2012. Daily, about 1,500 new vehicles hit the roads, with two - wheelers constituting more than 75 percent of them. However, registration of new cars is also on the rise. Chennai vehicles constitute one - fourth of the 17.5 million vehicles across the state of Tamil Nadu. The state has more two - wheelers ( 13 million ) than Maharashtra, which has more vehicles overall. Two - wheelers account for 78 percent of all vehicles in the state, while cars add up to 14 percent. According to a survey conducted by the city traffic police in 2012, there is a vehicle on the road for every two Chennaiites. Given the growth rate, it is predicted that Chennai will soon have twice as many vehicles as Mumbai. Owing to the high traffic density, the average bus speed in the city as of 2014 is 17 - 18 kilometres per hour. Over the next five years it is expected to come down to 12 km per hour, whereas the maximum allowable operating speed of the vehicles shall be 80 km / h with a maximum design speed of 90 km / h. The Chennai Metro Rail project is expected to reduce the commuting time by 75 percent from one end of the city to another. Pollution Chennai ranks fifth in carbon emissions from the transport sector among 54 South Asian cities, according to a study done by the International Council for Local Environmental Initiative ( ICLEI ). The city 's emission levels in transport is much higher than Kolkata and Delhi. According to the study, Chennai has a per capita emission rate of 0.91 tonnes of carbon dioxide, while its total emissions for the year is 3.82 metric tonnes. This is mostly due to the significant increase of motor vehicles used for commuting and carrying goods in the past few years. As against 1.25 million registered vehicles in the city in 2001, there are approximately 3.5 million registered vehicles in 2012. Safety According to statistics in the report Accidental Death and Suicides in India ( ADSI ) 2011, prepared by the National Crime Records Bureau, Chennai has recorded the highest number of road accidents in India, with a staggering 9,845 cases in the year 2011, the highest among 53 cities in the country. This is almost twice as that of 2010, when 5,123 road accidents were recorded. This is much higher than the Delhi 's 6,065 road accidents, the city ranking second. However, only 1,399 lives were lost in road mishaps in Chennai, while Delhi recorded 1,679 fatalities. Accidents on the Chennai 's roads resulted in 7,898 persons getting injured, including 6,280 males and 1,618 females. Of these, two - wheelers involved in as many as 341 cases of accidents, followed by private lorries at 266, cars at 159, private tempos and vans at 133, government vehicles at 112, bicycle at 1, with no pedestrian accidents. The largest number of accidents occurred between 9 p.m. and midnight with 1,626 cases, while the period between 3 p.m. and 6 p.m. comes close at 1,614 cases. Accidents were also highest in the seven - month period between March and September. Of all the fatal accident in the city between 2007 and 2012, the percentage of hit - and - run cases have been 15 to 18 percent. See also Chennai portal Transport portal Infrastructure portal Railway stations in Chennai Transport in India Notes and references ^ Jump up to : Woolsey, Matt. `` In Depth : World 's 10 Best Commutes ''. Forbes. Jump up ^ `` The first trains in India ''. IR History : Early Days - I. IRFCA.org. Retrieved 7 January 2013. Jump up ^ Darvill, Simon ( December 2011 ). `` India 's First Railways ''. IRFCA.org. Retrieved 7 January 2013. ^ Jump up to : `` Brief History of the Division '' ( pdf ). Chennai Division. Indian Railways -- Southern Railways. Retrieved 26 October 2012. ^ Jump up to : Madhavan, T. ( 12 May 2012 ). `` NSC Bose Road : Thoroughfare of George Town ''. The Hindu. Chennai. Retrieved 14 January 2013. Jump up ^ Sasidharan, S. ( 10 April 2013 ). `` 1.4 cr 2 - wheelers ply on TN roads ''. Deccan Chronicle. Chennai. Retrieved 13 April 2013. Jump up ^ Jalihal, Santhosh A. ; Kayitha Ravinder ; T.S. Reddy ( 2005 ). `` Traffic Characteristics of India '' ( pdf ). Proceedings of the Eastern Asia Society for Transportation Studies, Vol. 5, pp. 1009 -- 1024. Retrieved 13 November 2012. ^ Jump up to : `` India ''. Tram Views of Asia. tramz.com. n.d. Retrieved 2 Mar 2014. ^ Jump up to : Kolappan, B. ( 25 August 2013 ). `` When trams on rails dominated Chennai roads ''. The Hindu. Chennai. Retrieved 25 August 2013. Jump up ^ Muthiah, Pg 323 Jump up ^ `` The Growth ''. Metropolitan Transport Corporation ( Chennai ) Ltd. 18 August 2009. Retrieved 18 August 2009. Jump up ^ Dorairaj, S ( 28 December 2005 ). `` Koyambedu bus terminus gets ISO certification ''. The Hindu. Chennai, India. Retrieved 13 September 2007. Jump up ^ Kabirdoss, Yogesh ( 4 July 2012 ). `` Auto rickshaws take the ' share ' route to counter competition ''. The New Indian Express. Chennai : Express Publication. Retrieved 6 July 2012. ^ Jump up to : Hemalatha, Karthikeyan ( 9 October 2012 ). `` Autos switch off LPG, revert to petrol, diesel ''. The Times of India. Chennai. Retrieved 11 October 2012. Jump up ^ `` Autos, share autos set to hike fares ''. The New Indian Express. Chennai : Express Publication. 14 September 2012. Retrieved 15 September 2012. Jump up ^ Xavier Lopez, Aloysius ( 27 February 2014 ). `` Bicycle sharing system likely in nine months ''. The Hindu. Chennai : The Hindu. Retrieved 1 Mar 2014. ^ Jump up to : Sasidharan, S. ( 14 July 2012 ). `` Sea change to Chennai traffic ''. Deccan Chronicle. Chennai. Retrieved 14 July 2012. ^ Jump up to : Muthiah, Pg 321 Jump up ^ Srivathsan, A. ( 16 August 2010 ). `` How electric suburban railway service began ''. The Hindu. Chennai, India. Jump up ^ `` Metro rail for Chennai ? ''. The Hindu. 21 August 2003. Retrieved 26 February 2009. ^ Jump up to : Bhatnagar, Gaurav Vivek ( 22 August 2006 ). `` Chennai metro back on track ''. The Hindu. Chennai, India. Retrieved 4 October 2007. Jump up ^ http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/slideshows/infrastructure/chennais-koyambedu-alandur-metro-closer-to-opening/slideshow/46846177.cms?intenttarget=no Jump up ^ Sreevatsan, Ajai ( 29 November 2011 ). `` Will Tiruvottiyur fall on the Metro Rail map ? ''. The Hindu. Chennai, India. Jump up ^ Venugopal, Vasudha ( 9 September 2012 ). `` When wait is longer than the journey ''. The Hindu. Chennai, India. Jump up ^ `` Traffic statistics - Passengers ( Intl + Domestic ), Annexure IIIC '' ( PDF ). Airports Authority of India. Retrieved 13 September 2007. Jump up ^ `` Traffic statistics - Aircraft movements ( Intl + Domestic ), Annexure IIC '' ( PDF ). Airports Authority of India. Retrieved 13 September 2007. Jump up ^ `` New greenfield airport to be set up near Chennai ''. The Hindu. Chennai, India. 22 May 2007. Archived from the original on 26 October 2012. Retrieved 22 May 2007. Jump up ^ `` Gateway to India for Singapore firms ''. Business Times. 6 July 2006. Retrieved 13 September 2007. Jump up ^ Jagannath, G. ( 14 July 2012 ). `` Green corridor for ambulances ''. Deccan Chronicle. Chennai. Retrieved 14 July 2012. Jump up ^ Selvaraj, A. ( 12 October 2012 ). `` On the fast - track : Now, every other Chennaiite has a vehicle ''. The Times of India. Chennai. Retrieved 12 October 2012. Jump up ^ `` Phase - II Chennai metro project to cost Rs 36,000 cr ''. Business Standard. Chennai : Business Standard. 2 March 2014. Retrieved 9 Mar 2014. Jump up ^ `` Chennai transport sector is fifth largest polluter, says study ''. The New Indian Express. Chennai. 7 June 2012. Retrieved 20 June 2012. Jump up ^ `` Chennai roads most dangerous in India : NCRB report ''. IBN Live South. Chennai : IBN Live. 5 July 2012. Retrieved 28 July 2012. Jump up ^ Hemalatha, Karthikeyan ( 26 October 2012 ). `` 17 % of all fatal accidents in Chennai are hit and run ''. The Times of India. Chennai. Retrieved 26 October 2012. External links Wikimedia Commons has media related to Transport in Chennai. Metropolitan Transport Corporation, Chennai Southern Railway Chennai Metro Bus Routes using Google Map http://fastindiamovers.com/bike-transport-in-chennai/ Chennai History Early history ( pre-1500 ) Sangam period Thomas the Apostle Pallava Dynasty Chola Dynasty Vijayanagar Empire Colonial period ( 1500 -- 1900 ) São Tomé de Meliapore Raja of Chandragiri Agency of Fort St George 1721 Madras cyclone Carnatic Wars ( Madras Adyar Chingleput ) Anglo - Mysore Wars Governors Modern period ( 1900 -- present ) Arbuthnot Bank Crash Besant v. Narayaniah Bombardment of Madras by SMS Emden de La Haye scandal 1921 Buckingham and Carnatic Mills Strike Neil Statue Satyagraha 1928 South Indian Railway Strike 1932 Madras and Southern Mahratta Railway Strike 1943 Chennai floods Madras Manade Anti-Hindi agitations Assassination of Rajiv Gandhi R.S.S. Chennai bombing 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake 2013 Anti-Sri Lanka protests 2015 South Indian floods Writers and historians S. Muthiah Randor Guy S. Theodore Baskaran V. Sriram A.R. Venkatachalapathy Geography and wildlife Regions Chennai Metropolitan Area Central Chennai North Chennai South Chennai Rivers and waterways Adyar River Buckingham Canal Coovum River Kosasthalaiyar River Otteri Nullah Lakes Chembarambakkam Lake Chetput Lake Long Tank Manali Lake Porur Lake Red Hills Lake Retteri Veeranam Islands Kattupalli Island Quibble Island The Island Zoological parks Arignar Anna Zoological Park Chennai Snake Park Guindy National Park Madras Crocodile Bank Reserve Forests Nanmangalam Reserve Forest Vandalur Reserve Forest Marshlands Ennore creek Pallikaranai Wetland Heritage monuments Amir Mahal Bharat Insurance Building Brodie Castle Chennai Central Prison Chepauk Palace LIC Building Lighthouse Police headquarters Port Trust Building Puzhal Central Prison Ripon Building Royapuram railway station University of Madras Senate House Southern Railway headquarters Valluvar Kottam Victoria Public Hall Statues Marina Beach Statues Thomas Munro Triumph of Labour Memorials Gandhi Mandapam Kamarajar Mandapam Rajaji Mandapam Rajiv Gandhi Memorial Madras War Cemetery Victory War Memorial Vivekanandar Illam Administration and Politics Districts Chennai District Tiruvallur District Kanchipuram District Vellore District Taluks Chennai District Aminjikarai Ayanavaram Egmore Guindy Mambalam Mylapore Perambur Purasaiwalkam Tondiarpet Velachery Tiruvallur district Tiruvottiyur Madhavaram Ambattur Avadi Maduravoyal Ponneri Poonamallee Tiruvallur Gummidipoondi Uthukottai Tiruttani Pallipattu Kanchipuram district Alandur Sholinganallur Pallavaram Tambaram Chengalpattu Thiruporur Tirukalukundram Sriperumbudur Walajabad Kanchipuram Uthiramerur Madurantakam Cheyyur Vellore District Arakkonam Parliamentary constituencies Chennai Central Chennai North Chennai South Sriperumbudur Thiruvallur Assembly constituencies Alandur Ambattur Anna Nagar Avadi Chengalpattu Chepauk Egmore Harbour Kolathur Madhavaram Maduravoyal Mylapore Pallavaram Perambur Ponneri Poonamallee RK Nagar Royapuram Saidapet Sholinganallur Sriperumbudur T. Nagar Tambaram Thiru. Vi. Ka. Nagar Thiruvottiyur Thousand Lights Tiruvallur Villivakkam Virugambakkam Velachery Nodal Agencies Greater Chennai Corporation Chennai Metropolitan Development Authority Chennai MetroWater and Sewage Board Chennai Police Commissionerate General Post Office Greater Chennai Police Madras High Court Sheriff Tamil Nadu Electricity Board Tamil Nadu Fire and Rescue Services Economy Business districts Burma Bazaar Kothawal Chavadi Koyambedu Wholesale Market Complex Panagal Park Parry 's Corner Pondy Bazaar Purasawalkam Ranganathan Street Ritchie Street Velachery Washermanpet SEZ SEZ Corridor MEPZ Tidel Park World Trade Center Companies and institutions Aavin Ashok Leyland Basin Bridge Gas Blue Dart Aviation Chettinad Group EID Parry Ennore Thermal GMR Vasavi Heavy Vehicles Factory Higginbotham 's Indian Bank Indian Overseas Bank Integral Coach Factory Madras Atomic Power Station Madras Cements Madras Rubber Factory Madras Stock Exchange Murugappa Group North Chennai Thermal Reserve Bank of India Royal Enfield SPIC Sun Group The Hindu The New Indian Express TI Cycles of India TVS Motors Vallur Thermal World Bank office Industry Automotive Electronics Retail Software Culture and recreation General Architecture of Chennai Kollywood Madrassi Madras Bashai Madras School Tourism in Chennai Beaches Covelong Elliot 's Beach Golden Beach Marina Beach Parks Anna Nagar Tower Park Semmozhi Poonga Tholkappia Poonga Cinemas SPI Cinemas Mayajaal Multiplex Periodic events Chennai Book Fair Chennai International Film Festival Chennai Sangamam Lit for Life Madras Day Madras Music Season Saarang Techofes Theme parks EVP World MGM Dizzee World Queens Land VGP Universal Kingdom Dash N Splash Kishkinta Mayajaal Beach Resort Shopping Malls Abhirami Mega Mall Alsa Mall Ampa Skywalk Chandra Mall Chennai Citi Centre Chennai Trade Centre Coromandel Plaza Express Avenue Gold Souk Grande Mall Phoenix Market City Ramee Mall Spectrum Mall Spencer Plaza Forum Vijaya Mall Clubs Gymkhana Club Madras Boat Club Royal Madras Yacht Club Religion Temples Ayyappan Temple Ashtalakshmi Kovil ISKCON Temple Chennai Kapaleeswarar Temple Kalikambal Temple Madhya Kailash Marundeeswarar Temple Parthasarathy Temple Ravishwarar Varasiddhi Vinayaka temple Churches Armenian Church Church of Our Lady of Light St. Andrew 's Kirk St. George 's Cathedral St. Patrick 's Cathedral Santhome Basilica St. Mary 's Church Others Mahabodhi Centre Thousand Lights Mosque Transport Air Chennai International Airport Sea Chennai Port Ennore Port Kattupalli Shipyard Royapuram fishing harbour Rail Chennai Central Chennai Metro Chennai MRTS Chennai Suburban Railway Southern Railway Railway stations in Chennai Road Roads and expressways Anna Salai Cenotaph Road Chennai Bypass Chennai Port - Maduravoyal Expressway China Bazaar Road East Coast Road Inner Ring Road Nungambakkam High Road Outer Ring Road Peters Road Poonamallee High Road Rajiv Gandhi Salai Sardar Patel Road Grade separators and flyovers Anna Flyover Chennai Airport Flyover Chrompet Flyover Irumbuliyur Junction Kathipara Junction Koyambedu Junction Madhavaram Junction Maduravoyal Junction Moolakadai Junction Padi Junction Others Chennai Mofussil Bus Terminus Chennai Contract Carriage Bus Terminus Metropolitan Transport Corporation State Express Transport Corporation Sport Venues Guindy Race Course Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium M.A. Chidambaram Stadium Madras Motor Race Track Mayor Radhakrishnan Stadium MRF Pace Foundation Mudaliarkuppam boat house Muttukadu boat house Rajarathinam Stadium SDAT Tennis Stadium Teams Chennai Cheetahs Chennai City F.C. Chennai Smashers Chennai Spikers Chennai Super Kings Chennai Superstars Chennai Veerans Chennaiyin FC V Chennai Warriors Others Chennai Open M.J. 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Question: who started first ever bus service in madras
Answer: Madras Tramway Corporation