Echogenic intracardiac focus - wikipedia Echogenic intracardiac focus This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. ( December 2009 ) Echogenic intracardiac focus ( EIF ) is a small bright spot seen in the baby 's heart on an ultrasound exam. This is thought to represent mineralization, or small deposits of calcium, in the muscle of the heart. EIFs are found in about 3 -- 5 % of normal pregnancies and cause no health problems. EIFs themselves have no impact on health or heart function. Often the EIF is gone by the third trimester. If there are no problems or chromosome abnormalities, EIFs are considered normal changes, or variants. Contents 1 Association with birth defects 2 A clue to chromosome problems 3 Options 4 Summary 5 References Association with birth defects Researchers have noted an association between an EIF and a chromosome problem in the baby. Types of chromosome problems that are occasionally seen include trisomy 13 ( Patau syndrome ) or trisomy 21 ( Down syndrome ). In the case of an isolated EIF, and no other ultrasound findings, some studies show that the risk for a chromosome abnormality is approximately two times a woman 's background risk. Other studies report up to a 1 % risk for Down syndrome when an EIF is seen on a second trimester fetal ultrasound exam. A clue to chromosome problems An EIF is one clue which can contribute to the chances of a chromosome problem existing. Generally the risks are low if there are no other risk factors. Many babies with chromosome problems do not show any signs on ultrasound. Other factors are discussed in counseling include : Mother 's age at the expected date of delivery The results of the Expanded AFP blood triple test Evidence of other `` fetal findings '' seen at on the ultrasound that suggest a chromosome problem. Options The best available evidence suggests that an isolated echogenic intracardiac focus in the fetus of an otherwise low risk woman does not confer an increased risk of fetal aneuploidy. Although some studies have reported that the number or location of echogenic foci affects the risk of fetal aneuploidy ( higher risk with biventricular or right ventricular involvement ), the general consensus is that these factors have not been proven to matter. When an echogenic intracardiac focus is identified in an otherwise normal second trimester fetus, a normal cell - free DNA test can be very reassuring and obviate the need for invasive testing. Amniocentesis is a test to check a baby 's chromosomes. A small amount of amniotic fluid, which contains some fetal cells, is removed and tested. Amniocentesis is very accurate ; however, there is a risk of miscarriage which occur in 0.5 - 1 % of women who have amniocentesis. Results take about two weeks. A normal amniocentesis result means the EIF is not significant and there would be no other concerns about it. That is usually done between 15 and 20 weeks of pregnancy ( during the second trimester ). Summary An EIF in the fetal heart may indicate an increased chance of the baby having a chromosome problem. It does not affect the development of the baby or the function of the heart. If the baby has normal chromosomes, there would be no associated problems to be concerned about. No special treatment or tests are needed at delivery. It is important to remember that with an isolated EIF, chances are strongly in favor of a normal pregnancy outcome, but the patient is entitled to further counseling and testing options. References ^ Jump up to : Bromley B, Lieberman E, Shipp TD, Richardson M, Benacerraf BR ( February 1998 ). `` Significance of an echogenic intracardiac focus in fetuses at high and low risk for aneuploidy ''. J Ultrasound Med. 17 ( 2 ) : 127 -- 31. PMID 9527573. Jump up ^ https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/Amniocentesis/#what-are-the-risks-of-amniocentesis Certain conditions originating in the perinatal period / fetal disease ( P, 760 -- 779 ) Maternal factors and complications of pregnancy, labour and delivery placenta : Placenta praevia Placental insufficiency Twin - to - twin transfusion syndrome chorion / amnion : Chorioamnionitis umbilical cord : Umbilical cord prolapse Nuchal cord Single umbilical artery Length of gestation and fetal growth Small for gestational age / Large for gestational age Preterm birth / Postmature birth Intrauterine growth restriction Birth trauma scalp Cephalhematoma Chignon Caput succedaneum Subgaleal hemorrhage Brachial plexus lesion Erb 's palsy Klumpke paralysis By system Respiratory Intrauterine hypoxia Infant respiratory distress syndrome Transient tachypnea of the newborn Meconium aspiration syndrome pleural disease Pneumothorax Pneumomediastinum Wilson -- Mikity syndrome Bronchopulmonary dysplasia Cardiovascular Pneumopericardium Persistent fetal circulation Haemorrhagic and hematologic disease Vitamin K deficiency Haemorrhagic disease of the newborn HDN ABO Anti-Kell Rh c Rh D Rh E Hydrops fetalis Hyperbilirubinemia Kernicterus Neonatal jaundice Velamentous cord insertion Intraventricular hemorrhage Germinal matrix hemorrhage Anemia of prematurity Digestive Ileus Necrotizing enterocolitis Meconium peritonitis Integument and thermoregulation Erythema toxicum Sclerema neonatorum Nervous system Perinatal asphyxia Periventricular leukomalacia Musculoskeletal Gray baby syndrome muscle tone Congenital hypertonia Congenital hypotonia Infectious Vertically transmitted infection Neonatal infection Congenital rubella syndrome Neonatal herpes simplex Mycoplasma hominis infection Ureaplasma urealyticum infection Omphalitis Neonatal sepsis Group B streptococcal infection Neonatal conjunctivitis Other Miscarriage Perinatal mortality Stillbirth Infant mortality Neonatal withdrawal Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Echogenic_intracardiac_focus&oldid=829390124 '' Categories : Obstetrics Vertebrate developmental biology Medical ultrasonography Midwifery Hidden categories : Articles needing additional references from December 2009 All articles needing additional references Talk Contents About Wikipedia Deutsch Edit links This page was last edited on 8 March 2018, at 10 : 00 ( UTC ). 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Question: what is a echogenic focus on an ultrasound
Answer: a small bright spot seen in the baby’s heart