Primark - Wikipedia Primark This article is about the Irish retailer. For the American retailer, see J.C. Penney. For the Philippine community mall chain, see Primark Town Center. Primark Stores Limited A store located in Boston, Massachusetts ; the first in the United States which opened in 2015 Native name Penneys Type Subsidiary Industry Retail Founded 13 June 1962 ; 55 years ago ( 1962 - 06 - 13 ) in Dublin, Ireland Founder Arthur Ryan Headquarters Dublin, Ireland Number of locations 325 ( 2016 ) Area served Austria Belgium France Germany Ireland Italy Netherlands Portugal Slovenia Spain United Kingdom United States Key people Paul Marchant ( CEO ) John Lyttle ( COO ) Products Clothing cosmetics housewares Revenue £ 5,949 m ( 2016 ) Number of employees 68,000 Parent Associated British Foods Website primark.com Footnotes / references Primark ( / ˈpraɪˌmɑːrk /, known as Penneys in the Republic of Ireland ) is an Irish clothing and accessories company which is a subsidiary of AB Foods, and is headquartered in Dublin. The company 's first store was founded by Arthur Ryan on behalf of the Weston family in June 1969 on 47 Mary Street, Dublin, the store still remains operative to this day. Contents 1 History 2 Products 3 Stores 4 Controversies 4.1 Working practices 4.2 Building collapse at Savar 4.3 SOS Messages 5 Notes and references 5.1 Footnotes 5.2 References 6 External links History Success in Ireland led to expansion to the United Kingdom, and the company opened a large store in Belfast City Centre in 1971 and one in Derby, England, in 1973. The company could not use the name `` Penneys '' in Europe outside Ireland because J.C. Penney had the name registered. The name `` Primark '' was then invented to use outside Ireland. Primark opened its current international headquarters in 2015 in a redeveloped Dublin building, Arthur Ryan House, formerly Chapel House. Products Primark offer a diverse range of products, including newborn and children 's clothing, women 's wear, men 's wear, home ware, accessories, footwear, beauty products and confectionery. Starting in 2014, Primark welcomed Sephora products which are being sold starting at £ 1. Primark starting selling vegan snacks as of January 2018. The company sells clothes at the low cost end of the market below average prices. Along with retailers such as Zara and H&M, Primark contributes to the contemporary fast fashion trend. According to an article about Primark in The Economist, `` For many shoppers, Primark has an irresistible offer : amazing trendy clothes at amazingly low prices. The result is a new and even faster kind of fast fashion, which forces consumers to buy heaps of items sometimes even the same ones to use when the first ones worn out, discard them after a few wears and then come back for another batch of new outfits. '' Stores Primark store at Gran Vía in Madrid, the second biggest in the chain. Primark in the Former Lewis 's Building in Manchester city centre. Primark owns over 350 stores. The largest Primark store is located on Market Street, Manchester, England, occupying 155,000 sq ft ( 14,400 m ) of retail space across three floors. The company expanded rapidly in the UK in the mid-2000s. In 2005, they bought the Littlewoods retail stores for £ 409m, retaining 40 of the 119 stores and selling the rest. In May 2006, the first Primark store outside Ireland and the United Kingdom opened in Madrid, Spain. After 10 years of constructing a chain around 40 stores in Spain, Primark opened another store in Madrid in October 2015, the second biggest in the chain. In December 2008, Primark opened in the Netherlands, followed by Portugal, Germany and Belgium in 2009. Primark opened its first store in Austria on 27 September 2012 in Innsbruck. It expanded to France in 2013, in Marseille. The first Italian store opened in 2014. In 2015, Primark opened its first United States store in Downtown Crossing, Boston, in the location that was once the flagship store of Filene 's, later NYC, Philly, and Danbury, Primark operates stores in the following countries : Country hide Number of stores United Kingdom 186 Spain 44 Ireland 37 Germany 26 Netherlands 18 France 13 Portugal 10 United States 9 Austria 5 Belgium 5 Italy Total 357 Controversies Working practices In 2006, Primark joined the Ethical Trading Initiative, a collaborative organisation bringing together businesses, trades unions and NGOs to work on labour rights issues in their supply chains. ETI members commit to working towards the implementation of a code of conduct based on the International Labour Organization 's core conventions. In December 2008, the UK charity War on Want launched a new report, Fashion Victims II, that showed conditions had not improved in Bangladeshi factories supplying Primark, two years after the charity first visited them. On 9 January 2009, a supplier was forced by ETI to remove its branding from Primark stores and websites following a BBC / The Observer investigation into the employment practices. The investigation alleged use of illegal immigrant labour and argued that the workers were paid less than the UK legal minimum wage. On 16 June 2011, the BBC Trust 's Editorial Standards Committee ( ESC ) published its findings into a Panorama programme ' Primark : On the Rack ', broadcast in June 2008. The programme was an undercover investigative documentary examining poor working conditions in Indian factories supplying Primark. Although Primark subsequently stopped doing business with the Indian supplier, the ESC concluded that footage in the programme was ' more likely than not ' to have been fabricated. The ESC directed the BBC to make an on - air apology and to ensure that the programme was not repeated or sold to other broadcasters. Primark created a specific website to deal with the issues around the programme. In 2011 and 2012, Primark achieved ' Leader ' status in the Ethical Trading Initiative ( ETI ). Building collapse at Savar Main article : 2013 Savar building collapse On 24 April 2013, the eight - story Rana Plaza commercial building collapsed in Savar, a sub-district near Dhaka, the capital of Bangladesh. At least 1,127 people died and over 2,438 were injured. The factory housed a number of separate garment factories employing around 5,000 people, several shops, and a bank, and manufactured apparel for brands including the Benetton Group, Joe Fresh, The Children 's Place, Primark, Monsoon, and DressBarn. Primark paid compensation and emergency aid to the victims of the collapse, a move which was welcomed by Oxfam, and committed to review the structural integrity of buildings making its clothes. Of the 29 brands identified as having sourced products from the Rana Plaza factories, only 9 attended meetings held in November 2013 to agree a proposal on compensation to the victims. Several companies refused to sign, including Walmart, Carrefour, Mango, Auchan and Kik. The agreement was signed by Primark, Loblaw, Bonmarché and El Corte Inglés. SOS messages In June 2014, two labels both stitched with SOS messages were separately found in Swansea purchased garments. Primark argued the supply chain showed these label messages were a hoax. Also in June 2014, a customer from Ireland found an SOS note wrapped in a prison ID card in the pocket of trousers purchased from a Primark store several years earlier. The letter was written in Chinese and alleged that prisoners were forced to work `` like oxen '' making fashion clothes for export for 15 hours per day, and the food they were given would n't be fit for dogs or pigs. A year and a half later an SOS note from an alleged Chinese torture victim was found in socks purchased from Primark. Notes and references Footnotes Jump up ^ Micaela Mitchell is described as Arthur Ryan 's founding collaborator in one instance in 2009 ( See Ref `` Essay Writing Service '' ), although repeated verbatim on Edinburgh Evening News website in 2015, and some other verbatim sites. References Jump up ^ Essay writing service - Primark Case study ^ Jump up to : `` Edinburgh Evening News - M&S loses bid to stop Gyle building new Primark ''. Jump up ^ `` Primark revenue 2007 - 2017 - Statista ''. Statista. Retrieved 2 May 2018. ^ Jump up to : `` Primark - Our Stores ''. Retrieved 15 February 2016. Jump up ^ `` Primark - About Us ''. Retrieved 15 February 2016. Jump up ^ ( 1 ), ( The Journal ). Retrieved 14 April 2016 Jump up ^ `` Associated British Foods plc : Annual Report and Accounts 2016 '' ( PDF ). www.abf.co.uk. Retrieved 9 December 2016. ^ Jump up to : `` Snapshot : Primark Stores Limited '', Bloomberg. Retrieved 11 February 2016 Jump up ^ `` Primark reveals how to pronounce its name ''. The Telegraph. Retrieved 16 August 2017. Jump up ^ `` Primark Holdings ''. solocheck.ie. ^ Jump up to : `` A household Irish name built from humble beginnings : The Penneys story : It all began in Dublin 's fair city in 1969 '', The Journal ( Ireland ), 1 March 2015 ( accessed 15 February 2016 ) Jump up ^ `` Fashion swing is felt by Penneys ' owners ''. Reuters. 11 July 2008. ^ Jump up to : `` Why Penneys is no longer our little secret ''. Retrieved 9 December 2016. Jump up ^. 23 December 1977 http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX:31978D0193:EN:HTML. Retrieved 9 December 2016. Missing or empty title = ( help ) Jump up ^ `` Primark officially opens redeveloped Dublin HQ '', RTÉ, Dublin, Ireland, Thursday 17 September 2015 Jump up ^ McCabe, Sarah ( 29 November 2013 ). `` Expansion plans on course for Penneys international HQ in Dublin ''. Irish Independent. Retrieved 20 October 2014. Jump up ^ `` About Us ''. Primark. Retrieved 20 October 2014. Jump up ^ `` Primark 's new makeup range ''. Cosmopolitan. 2014 - 03 - 05. Retrieved 2018 - 02 - 19. Jump up ^ `` Budget Chain Primark Starts Selling Vegan Snack Range ''. Retrieved 2018 - 02 - 19. Jump up ^ `` Faster, cheaper fashion ''. The Economist. 5 September 2015. Retrieved 5 September 2015. Jump up ^ Finch, Julia ( 8 August 2005 ). `` M&S to cash in as Littlewoods disappears ''. The Guardian. London. Jump up ^ O ' Leary, Elizabeth ( 15 October 2015 ). `` Penney 's opens its second biggest store in the world in Spain ''. Independent.ie. Retrieved 27 November 2016. Jump up ^ `` Primark targets chic French shoppers as it opens in Marseille ''. 16 December 2013. Retrieved 9 December 2016. Jump up ^ Redazione ( 31 August 2014 ). `` Primark, la catena di shopping low cost arriva in Italia ''. Velvet Style Italia. Jump up ^ `` Primark to open in the United States ''. Telegraph.co.uk. 23 April 2014. Jump up ^ `` Primark joins Ethical Trading Initiative - Press Release - ETI ''. Archived from the original on 8 October 2007. Jump up ^ `` Archived copy ''. Archived from the original on 2 March 2009. Retrieved 18 February 2009. Jump up ^ McDougall, Dan ( 11 January 2009 ). `` Primark in storm over conditions at UK supplier ''. The Guardian. London. Retrieved 22 May 2010. Jump up ^ http://www.bbc.co.uk/bbctrust/news/press_releases/june/panorama.shtml Jump up ^ Burrell, Ian ; Hickman, Martin ( 16 June 2011 ). `` BBC crisis over ' fake ' sweatshop scene in Primark documentary ''. The Independent. London. Jump up ^ `` Primark Panorama - Primark 's response to the BBC 's apology ''. primarkresponse.com. Archived from the original on 18 June 2011. Jump up ^ `` Associated British Foods plc - Responsibility - Responsibility in action - Primark Ethical Trade Team ''. www.abf.co.uk. Archived from the original on 2 May 2015. Retrieved 8 September 2015. Jump up ^ Ahmed, Saeed ; Lakhani, Leone ( 14 June 2013 ), `` Bangladesh building collapse : An end to recovery efforts, a promise of a new start '', CNN, retrieved 16 December 2013 Jump up ^ Zain Al - Mahmood, Syed ( 24 April 2013 ). `` Matalan supplier among manufacturers in Bangladesh building collapse ''. The Guardian. London. Retrieved 21 October 2013. Jump up ^ Clare O'Connor ( 30 April 2013 ). `` ' Extreme Pricing ' At What Cost ? Retailer Joe Fresh Sends Reps To Bangladesh As Death Toll Rises ''. Forbes. Jump up ^ Nelson, Dean ( 24 April 2013 ). `` Bangladesh building collapse kills at least 82 in Dhaka ''. The Daily Telegraph. London. Retrieved 24 April 2013. Jump up ^ Alam, Julhas ( 24 April 2013 ). `` At least 87 dead in Bangladesh building collapse ''. USA Today. Retrieved 24 April 2013. Jump up ^ `` Oxfam response to Primark 's statement on compensation for people affected by the Bangladesh Savar building collapse - Oxfam International ''. Retrieved 8 May 2013. Jump up ^ `` Engineering News - Record - ENR ''. enr.construction.com. Jump up ^ Ovi, Ibrahim Hossain ( 2013 ), Buyers ' compensation for Rana Plaza victims far from reality, archived from the original on 25 March 2016, retrieved 16 December 2013 Jump up ^ `` Full text ''. Rana Plaza Arrangement. 20 November 2013. Retrieved 25 June 2016. Jump up ^ `` Concerned shoppers speak out as Primark investigates ' sweatshop ' labels ''. South Wales Evening Post. Jump up ^ `` Primark claims ' cry for help labels ' are a hoax carried out in the UK following investigation ''. The Independent. Jump up ^ `` Primark insists labels sewn into its clothes with claims of ' sweatshop conditions ' and ' exhausting hours ' are hoaxes ''. The Daily Mail. Jump up ^ `` Primark investigates claim of ' cry for help ' note in trousers ''. BBC News. Jump up ^ `` ' The food we eat would n't even be given to dogs or pigs ' : Third Primark SOS note found ''. London Metro. Jump up ^ `` ' Cry for help ' from prisoner in Chinese forced labour jail alleged to have been found inside Primark trousers ''. Amnesty International. Archived from the original on 9 July 2016. Jump up ^ `` Stunned Primark shopper finds disturbing note from ' Chinese torture victim ' in sock ''. Irishmirror.ie. External links Media related to Primark at Wikimedia Commons Associated British Foods Current operations AB Agri Ltd Abitec Corporation Abitec Ltd Argo cornstarch Allied Mills Allinson British Sugar Frontier ( 50 % ) G Costa George Weston Foods Illovo Sugar Kingsmill Mozolo oil Ovaltine ( except USA ) Patak 's Primark Ryvita Silver Spoon Sunblest Twinings Former operations Burton 's Biscuits Dairy Wrap Produce Fine Fare Kingsway Fresh Foods Lifestyle Sports Power Supermarkets Limited Stewarts Supermarkets Limited People W. Garfield Weston Garry Weston George G. Weston Guy Weston Other Garfield Weston Foundation George Weston Limited Wittington Investments Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Primark&oldid=843613849 '' Categories : 1969 establishments in Ireland Associated British Foods Clothing retailers of Ireland Companies established in 1969 Irish brands Hidden categories : Pages with citations lacking titles Pages with citations having bare URLs Wikipedia pages move - protected due to dispute Use dmy dates from December 2017 Use Irish English from July 2015 All Wikipedia articles written in Irish English Talk Contents About Wikipedia Asturianu Català Čeština Dansk Deutsch Español Euskara فارسی Français Gaeilge Italiano עברית Lietuvių Nederlands Polski Português Simple English Ślůnski Suomi Türkçe 中文 13 more Edit links This page was last edited on 30 May 2018, at 08 : 40. Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution - ShareAlike License ; additional terms may apply. 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Question: how many primark stores are in the uk
Answer: 186