God defend New Zealand - wikipedia God defend New Zealand God Defend New Zealand Woods ' original manuscript setting Bracken 's poem to music National anthem of New Zealand Lyrics Thomas Bracken, 1870s ( English ) Music John Joseph Woods, 1876 Adopted 1940 ( as national hymn ) 1977 ( as national anthem ) Audio sample God Defend New Zealand ( instrumental ) file help `` God Defend New Zealand '' is one of two national anthems of New Zealand, the other being `` God Save the Queen ''. Legally they have equal status, but `` God Defend New Zealand '' is more commonly used and is widely ( albeit incorrectly ) referred to as `` the national anthem ''. Originally written as a poem, it was set to music as part of a competition in 1876. Over the years its popularity increased, and it was eventually named the second national anthem in 1977. The anthem has English and Māori lyrics, with slightly different meanings. When performed in public, the usual practice is to sing the first verse in both Māori and English. Contents 1 History and performance 2 Protocol 3 Copyright 4 Lyrics 4.1 First verses 4.2 Full English version 4.3 Full Māori version 5 Criticism 6 Notes 7 References 8 External links History and performance Heritage New Zealand blue plaque at the site of the first performance in Dunedin The original manuscript of words for God Defend New Zealand by Thomas Bracken `` God Defend New Zealand '' was written as a poem in the 1870s by Irish - born, Victorian - raised immigrant Thomas Bracken of Dunedin. A competition to compose music for the poem was held in 1876 by The Saturday Advertiser and judged by three prominent Melbourne musicians, with a prize of ten guineas. The winner of the competition was the Tasmanian - born John Joseph Woods of Lawrence, New Zealand who composed the melody in a single sitting the evening after finding out about the competition. The song was first performed at the Queen 's Theatre, Princes Street, Dunedin, on Christmas Day, 1876. In 1897, Prime Minister Richard Seddon presented a copy of words and music to Queen Victoria. A Māori version of the song was produced in 1878 by Thomas Henry Smith of Auckland, a judge in the Native Land Court, on request of Governor George Edward Grey. A copy of the Māori lyrics, under the title `` Aotearoa '', was printed in Otago newspapers in October 1878. In Smith 's original text the word `` whakarangona '' was used to translate ' hear ', rather than the modern `` whakarongona ''. The song became increasingly popular during the 19th century and early 20th century, and in 1940 the New Zealand government bought the copyright and made it New Zealand 's ' national hymn ' in time for that year 's centennial celebrations. It was used at the British Empire Games from 1950 onward, and first used at the Olympics during the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich. Following the performance at the Munich games, a campaign began to have the song adopted as the national anthem. `` God Save The Queen '' was New Zealand 's sole national anthem until the 1970s. In May 1973 a remit to change the New Zealand flag, declare a New Zealand republic and change the national anthem was voted down by the Labour Party at their national conference. In 1976 Garth Henry Latta from Dunedin presented a petition to Parliament asking `` God Defend New Zealand '' to be made the national anthem. With the permission of Queen Elizabeth II, it was gazetted as the country 's second national anthem on 21 November 1977, on equal standing with `` God Save The Queen ''. An alternative official arrangement for massed singing by Maxwell Fernie was announced by the Minister of Internal Affairs, Allan Highet on 31 May 1979. Woods ' original score was written in the key of A-flat major ( concert pitch ) and was better suited for solo and choral singing ; Fernie 's arrangement changed the key down a minor second to G major. Until the 1990s, only the first verse of the English version was commonly sung. The first televised performance of both the Māori and English version of the anthem, was at the Australian vs New Zealand Netball test in 1997. It was performed by the nationally renowned duo ' String of Pearls ' -- Cyndi Joe and Vicki Lee. It set a trend for all future events, however in 1999 public debate emerged after only the first Māori verse was sung at the 1999 Rugby World Cup match against England by Hinewehi Mohi. Protocol The Ministry for Culture and Heritage has responsibility for the national anthems. The guidelines in the 1977 Gazette notice for choosing which anthem should be used on any occasion advise that `` God Save The Queen '' would be appropriate at any occasion where The Queen, a member of the Royal Family, or the Governor - General, when within New Zealand, is officially present or when loyalty to the crown is to be stressed ; while `` God Defend New Zealand '' would be appropriate whenever the national identity of New Zealand is to be stressed even in association with a toast to Elizabeth II as Queen of New Zealand. Copyright Copyright on the English lyrics for `` God Defend New Zealand '' expired from the end of the year that was 50 years after the death of the author ( Bracken ), i.e., from 1 January 1949. The rights to the musical score passed into the public domain in the 1980s. Lyrics Sheet music for God Defend New Zealand as now commonly performed. `` God Defend New Zealand '' has five verses, each in English and Māori. The Māori version is not a direct translation of the English version. First verses National Anthem of New Zealand ( God Defend New Zealand ) Māori verse : `` Aotearoa '' E Ihowā Atua, O ngā iwi mātou rā Āta whakarangona ; Me aroha noa Kia hua ko te pai ; Kia tau tō atawhai ; Manaakitia mai Aotearoa English translation ( by Professor S. Kāretu ) Lord, God over yonder, Of all our nations Listen to us gently, With the infinite love May the goodness bear fruit ; May your kindness come ; Please give protection to New Zealand English verse : `` God Defend New Zealand '' God of Nations at Thy feet, In the bonds of love we meet, Hear our voices, we entreat, God defend our free land. Guard Pacific 's triple star From the shafts of strife and war, Make her praises heard afar, God defend New Zealand. Full English version Full English version of New Zealand National Anthem : `` God Defend New Zealand '' God of Nations at Thy feet, In the bonds of love we meet, Hear our voices, we entreat, God defend our free land. Guard Pacific 's triple star From the shafts of strife and war, Make her praises heard afar, God defend New Zealand. Men of every creed and race, Gather here before Thy face, Asking Thee to bless this place, God defend our free land. From dissension, envy, hate, And corruption guard our state, Make our country good and great, God defend New Zealand. Peace, not war, shall be our boast, But, should foes assail our coast, Make us then a mighty host, God defend our free land. Lord of battles in Thy might, Put our enemies to flight, Let our cause be just and right, God defend New Zealand. Let our love for Thee increase, May Thy blessings never cease, Give us plenty, give us peace, God defend our free land. From dishonour and from shame, Guard our country 's spotless name, Crown her with immortal fame, God defend New Zealand. 5 May our mountains ever be Freedom 's ramparts on the sea, Make us faithful unto Thee, God defend our free land. Guide her in the nations ' van, Preaching love and truth to man, Working out Thy glorious plan, God defend New Zealand. Meaning of `` Pacific 's triple star '' There is some discussion, with no official explanation, of the meaning of `` Pacific 's triple star ''. Unofficial explanations range from New Zealand 's three biggest islands ( North, South, and Stewart Island ), to the three stars on the flag of Te Kooti ( a Māori political and religious leader of the 19th century ). Full Māori version Full Māori version of New Zealand National Anthem : `` Aotearoa '' E Ihowā Atua, O ngā iwi mātou rā Āta whakarangona ; Me aroha noa Kia hua ko te pai ; Kia tau tō atawhai ; Manaakitia mai Aotearoa Ōna mano tāngata Kiri whero, kiri mā, Iwi Māori, Pākehā, Rūpeke katoa, Nei ka tono ko ngā hē Māu e whakaahu kē, Kia ora mārire Aotearoa Tōna mana kia tū ! Tōna kaha kia ū ; Tōna rongo hei pakū Ki te ao katoa Aua rawa ngā whawhai Ngā tutū e tata mai ; Kia tupu nui ai Aotearoa Waiho tona takiwā Ko te ao mārama ; Kia whiti tōna rā Taiāwhio noa. Ko te hae me te ngangau Meinga kia kore kau ; Waiho i te rongo mau Aotearoa 5 Tōna pai me toitū Tika rawa, pono pū ; Tōna noho, tāna tū ; Iwi nō Ihowā. Kaua mōna whakamā ; Kia hau te ingoa ; Kia tū hei tauira ; Aotearoa Translated Māori version of New Zealand National Anthem : `` Aotearoa '' O Lord, God, Of all people Listen to us, Cherish us May good flourish, May your blessings flow Defend Aotearoa Let all people, Red skin, white skin Māori, Pākehā Gather before you May all our wrongs, we pray, Be forgiven So that we might say long live Aotearoa May it be forever prestigious, May it go from strength to strength, May its fame spread far and wide, Let not strife Nor dissention ensue, May it ever be great Aotearoa Let its territory Be ever enlightened Throughout the land Let envy and dissension Be dispelled, Let peace reign Over Aotearoa 5 Let its good features endure, Let righteousness and honesty prevail Among the people of God Let it never be ashamed, But rather, let its name be known Thereby becoming the model to emulate Aotearoa Note on `` whakarangona '' The original 1878 Māori version uses `` whakarangona '' ( to be heard ), the passive form of the verb `` whakarongo '' ( to hear ). An alternate passive form of the verb, `` whakarongona '', first appeared as one of several errors in the Māori version when `` God Defend New Zealand '' was published as the national hymn in 1940. The latter form of the verb has appeared in many versions of the anthem since this time, although the Ministry of Culture and Heritage continues to use `` whakarangona ''. Criticism Both the lyrics and melody of the anthem have been criticised in some quarters as being dull and irrelevant. The underlying structure of the piece is a prayer to God, with the refrain `` God defend New Zealand '' ; this assumes religious faith, although a large proportion of New Zealanders are not religious. Many of the words and concepts have been perceived as antiquated or obscure : for example, `` thy '', `` thee '', `` ramparts '', `` assail '', and `` nation 's van ''. It is also known for being difficult to sing. Notes Jump up ^ When New Zealand 's rowing eight collected their gold medals at the Munich games, the band played `` God Defend New Zealand '' instead of `` God Save the Queen ''. As it was not yet an anthem, this contravened Olympic rules, and there has been no explanation of why it happened. The crew of the coxed eight standing on the victory dais overcome with emotion and `` bawling like babies '' is one of New Zealand 's most memorable sporting moments. References Jump up ^ Broughton, W.S ( 22 June 2007 ). `` Bracken, Thomas 1843 -- 1898 ''. Dictionary of New Zealand Biography. Ministry for Culture and Heritage. Retrieved 9 November 2010. ^ Jump up to : `` National anthems : History of God Defend New Zealand ''. Ministry for Culture and Heritage. 23 March 2015. Retrieved 15 August 2015. Jump up ^ `` National anthems : John Joseph Woods - composer ''. Ministry for Culture and Heritage. 27 February 2012. Retrieved 15 August 2015. ^ Jump up to : Swarbrick, Nancy ( June 2012 ). `` National anthems - History of ' God defend New Zealand ''. Te Ara - the Encyclopedia of New Zealand. Retrieved 6 September 2017. ^ Jump up to : `` National anthems : God Defend New Zealand / Aotearoa ''. Ministry for Culture and Heritage. 25 March 2015. Retrieved 15 August 2015. Jump up ^ `` New Zealand 's Greatest Olympians - Number 7 : The 1972 rowing eight ''. The New Zealand Herald. 30 July 2016. Retrieved 7 September 2017. ^ Jump up to : Max Cryer. `` Hear Our Voices, We Entreat : The Extraordinary Story of New Zealand 's National Anthems ''. Exisle Publishing. Archived from the original on 17 May 2015. Retrieved 15 August 2015. Jump up ^ John Moody. `` Past Attempts to Change New Zealand 's Flag '' ( PDF ). New Zealand Flag Association. ^ Jump up to : `` Announcement of the adoption of national anthems for New Zealand '' ( PDF ). Supplement to the New Zealand Gazette of Thursday, 17 November 1977. 21 November 1977. Retrieved 15 August 2015. ^ Jump up to : `` National anthems : Musical score for God Defend New Zealand ''. Ministry for Culture and Heritage. Retrieved 6 September 2017. Jump up ^ `` National anthems : Protocols ''. Ministry for Culture and Heritage. 12 April 2011. Retrieved 4 May 2011. Jump up ^ `` Copyright Act 1994 No 143 ( as at 01 March 2017 ), Public Act Contents ''. www.legislation.govt.nz. Parliamentary Counsel Office. Retrieved 7 September 2017. Jump up ^ Swarbrick, Nancy ( June 2012 ). `` National anthems - New Zealand 's anthems ''. Te Ara - the Encyclopedia of New Zealand,. Retrieved 7 September 2017. Jump up ^ `` National Anthem in English and Maori ''. SOUNZ : Centre for New Zealand Music. Retrieved 6 September 2017. Jump up ^ Folksong.org.nz. `` E Ihowa atua : `` Triple Star '' ``. ^ Jump up to : Swarbrick, Nancy ( June 2012 ). `` National anthems - Analysing the anthems ''. Te Ara - the Encyclopedia of New Zealand. Retrieved 6 September 2017. External links Wikisource has original text related to this article : God Defend New Zealand The story of God Defend New Zealand by Tui Kowhai c1939 National anthems, New Zealand Ministry for Culture and Heritage God Defend New Zealand -- Audio of the national anthem of New Zealand, with information and lyrics Page about the national anthem includes a recording by the New Zealand Symphony Orchestra Video of the arrangement of `` God Defend New Zealand '' formerly played on New Zealand television at the beginning and close of each day 's programming National Anthem performed in sign language, 3 News, 5 May 2011 Manuscript of music by John J. 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Question: who wrote the national anthem of new zealand
Answer: Thomas Bracken