O sacred Head, Now wounded - wikipedia O sacred Head, Now wounded O Sacred Head, Now Wounded `` Christ Crowned with Thorns '' ( 1620 ) by Anthony van Dyck Genre Hymn Text Attributed to Bernard of Clairvaux, translated by Paul Gerhardt and James Waddel Alexander Based on John 19 : 2 Meter 7.6. 7.6 D Melody `` Passion Chorale '' by Hans Leo Hassler, harmonized by Johann Sebastian Bach Bernard of Clairvaux Paul Gerhardt `` O Sacred Head, Now Wounded '' is a Christian Passion hymn based on a Latin text written during the Middle Ages. Paul Gerhardt wrote a German version which is known by its incipit, `` O Haupt voll Blut und Wunden ''. Contents 1 Text 1.1 Original Latin 1.2 German translation 1.3 English translation 2 Melody and use 3 German lyrics 4 English lyrics 5 References 6 External links Text Original Latin Further information : Membra Jesu Nostri The hymn is based on a long medieval Latin poem, Salve mundi salutare, with stanzas addressing the various parts of Christ 's body hanging on the Cross. The last part of the poem, from which the hymn is taken, is addressed to Christ 's head, and begins `` Salve caput cruentatum. '' The poem is often attributed to Bernard of Clairvaux ( 1091 - 1153 ), but is now attributed to the Medieval poet Arnulf of Leuven ( died 1250 ). The seven cantos were used for the text of Dieterich Buxtehude 's Membra Jesu Nostri addressing the various members of the crucified body the feet the knees the hands the pierced side the breast the heart the face German translation The poem was translated into German by the Lutheran hymnist Paul Gerhardt ( 1607 -- 1676 ). He reworked the Latin version to suggest a more personal contemplation of the events of Christ 's death on the cross. It first appeared in Johann Crüger 's hymnal Praxis pietatis melica in 1656. Although Gerhardt translated the whole poem, it is the closing section which has become best known, and is sung as a hymn in its own right. The German hymn begins with `` O Haupt voll Blut und Wunden ''. English translation The hymn was first translated into English in 1752 by John Gambold ( 1711 -- 1771 ), an Anglican vicar in Oxfordshire. His translation begins, `` O Head so full of bruises. '' In 1830 a new translation of the hymn was made by an American Presbyterian minister, James Waddel Alexander ( 1804 - 1859 ). Alexander 's translation, beginning `` O sacred head, now wounded, '' became one of the most widely used in 19th and 20th century hymnals. Another English translation, based on the German, was made in 1861 by Sir Henry Baker. Published in Hymns Ancient and Modern, it begins, `` O sacred head surrounded by crown of piercing thorn. '' Catherine Winkworth also translated the text and published it in her collection of German hymns, Lyra Germanica, giving it the title Ah wounded Head ! Must Thou In 1899 the English poet Robert Bridges ( 1844 - 1930 ) made a fresh translation from the original Latin, beginning `` O sacred Head, sore wounded, defiled and put to scorn. '' This is the version used in the 1940 Hymnal ( Episcopal ), the 1982 Hymnal ( Episcopal ; stanzas 1 - 3 and 5 ), and the Church of England 's New English Hymnal ( 1986 ) and several other late 20th - century hymn books. The English Hymnal, 1906 has a translation attributed to `` Y.H. '', referring to Bridges ' translations for the Yattendon Hymnal, of which he was the editor. Karen Lynn Davidson ( born 1943 ) wrote another English translation, titled `` O Savior, Thou Who Wearest a Crown, '' which is published in Hymns of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter - day Saints ( 1985 book ). Melody and Use See also : Befiehl du deine Wege § Hassler hymn tune, and Herzlich tut mich verlangen § Hymn tune Hans Leo Hassler The music for the German and English versions of the hymn is by Hans Leo Hassler, written around 1600 for a secular love song, `` Mein G'müt ist mir verwirret ( de ) '', which first appeared in print in the 1601 Lustgarten Neuer Teutscher Gesäng. The tune was appropriated and rhythmically simplified for Gerhardt 's German hymn in 1656 by Johann Crüger. Johann Sebastian Bach arranged the melody and used five stanzas of the hymn in the St Matthew Passion. He also used the hymn 's text and melody in the second movement of the cantata Sehet, wir gehn hinauf gen Jerusalem, BWV 159. Bach used the melody on different words in his Christmas Oratorio, in the first part ( no. 5 ). Franz Liszt included an arrangement of this hymn in the sixth station, Saint Veronica, of his Via crucis ( Stations of the Cross ), S. 504a. The Danish composer Rued Langgaard composed a set of variations for string quartet on this tune. It is also employed in the final chorus of `` Sinfonia Sacra '', the 9th symphony of the English composer Edmund Rubbra. The melody of `` American Tune '' by Paul Simon is based on the hymn. Peter, Paul & Mary and the Dave Brubeck Trio performed `` Because all men are brothers '' on their album `` Summit Sessions ''. The melody as it appears in movement 54 of the St Matthew Passion by Bach : German lyrics The text by Gerhardt consists of 10 verses, of which the first and final one are transcribed below : O Haupt voll Blut und Wunden, Voll Schmerz und voller Hohn, O Haupt, zum Spott gebunden Mit einer Dornenkron ; O Haupt, sonst schön gezieret Mit höchster Ehr ' und Zier, Jetzt aber höchst schimpfieret : Gegrüßet sei'st du mir ! Erscheine mir zum Schilde, Zum Trost in meinem Tod, Und laß mich sehn dein Bilde In deiner Kreuzesnot ! Da will ich nach dir blicken, Da will ich glaubensvoll Dich fest an mein Herz drücken. Wer so stirbt, der stirbt wohl. English lyrics James Waddell Alexander Below are the same verses, in the 1830 version by J.W. Alexander : O sacred Head, now wounded, with grief and shame weighed down, Now scornfully surrounded with thorns, Thine only crown ; O sacred Head, what glory, what bliss till now was Thine ! Yet, though despised and gory, I joy to call Thee mine. Be Thou my consolation, my shield when I must die ; Remind me of Thy passion when my last hour draws nigh. Mine eyes shall then behold Thee, upon Thy cross shall dwell, My heart by faith enfolds Thee. Who dieth thus dies well. References Notes Jump up ^ Henry, H. ( 1912 ) Salve Mundi Salutare in The Catholic Encyclopedia. New York : Robert Appleton Company. Online copy, New Advent ( retrieved March 8, 2013 ) ^ Jump up to : Browne, Francis. `` O Haupt voll Blut und Wunden - Text and Translation of Chorale ''. Bach Cantatas Website. Retrieved 12 January 2017. Jump up ^ `` Ah wounded Head ! Must Thou ''. Hymnary.org. Retrieved 2016 - 07 - 01. Jump up ^ `` O Savior, Thou Who Wearest a Crown ''. LDS.org. Retrieved 2018 - 04 - 14. Jump up ^ Dellal, Pamela. `` Bach Cantata Translations - BWV 159 ''. Emmanuel Music. Retrieved 12 January 2017. Bibliography Hymns For the Living Church. Carol Stream, IL : Hope Publishing. 1974. page 136. ISBN 0 - 916642 - 01 - 1 The Book of Hymns. New York : Testament Books. 1989. ISBN 0 - 517 - 16241 - 5 External links Wikimedia Commons has media related to O Haupt voll Blut und Wunden. O SACRED HEAD, NOW WOUNDED Cyber Hymnal. O Haupt voll Blut und Wunden / Text and Translation of Chorale bach-cantatas.com, words German - English - Latin, use in Bach 's works Chorale Melodies used in Bach 's Vocal Works / Befiehl du deine Wege bach-cantatas.com, Hassler 's melody O Sacred Head, Now Wounded HymnSite.com. Melody ( MIDI ) and piano score ( pdf file ). O Sacred Head, Now Wounded at Peachnote.com, the music score search engine. Audio sample by Serri Youngward from her Sons and Daughters CD Lutheran hymns `` Ach Gott, vom Himmel sieh darein '' `` Ach Gott, wie manches Herzeleid '' `` Ach lieben Christen seid getrost '' `` Ach wie flüchtig, ach wie nichtig '' `` Allein Gott in der Höh sei Ehr '' `` Aus tiefer Not schrei ich zu dir '' `` Befiehl du deine Wege '' `` Christ lag in Todesbanden '' `` Christ unser Herr zum Jordan kam '' `` Christe, du Lamm Gottes '' `` Christum wir sollen loben schon '' `` Die beste Zeit im Jahr ist mein '' `` Die güldne Sonne voll Freud und Wonne '' `` Dies sind die heilgen zehn Gebot '' `` Du meine Seele singe '' `` Ein feste Burg ist unser Gott '' `` Ein Lämmlein geht und trägt die Schuld '' `` Erhalt uns, Herr, bei deinem Wort '' `` Erschienen ist der herrlich Tag '' `` Es ist das Heil uns kommen her '' `` Es ist genug '' `` Es spricht der Unweisen Mund wohl '' `` Es woll uns Gott genädig sein '' `` Geh aus, mein Herz, und suche Freud '' `` Gelobet seist du, Jesu Christ '' `` God 's Word Is Our Great Heritage '' `` Gott sei gelobet und gebenedeiet '' `` Herr Christ, der einig Gotts Sohn '' `` Herr Gott, dich loben wir '' `` Herr Jesu Christ, dich zu uns wend '' `` Herr Jesu Christ, du höchstes Gut '' `` Herr Jesu Christ, wahr Mensch und Gott '' `` Herzlich lieb hab ich dich, o Herr '' `` Herzlich tut mich verlangen '' `` Herzliebster Jesu '' `` Ich hab in Gottes Herz und Sinn '' `` Ich singe dir mit Herz und Mund '' `` Ich steh an deiner Krippen hier '' `` Jerusalem, du hochgebaute Stadt '' `` Jesus Christus, unser Heiland, der den Tod... '' `` Jesus Christus, unser Heiland, der von uns... '' `` Komm, Gott Schöpfer, Heiliger Geist '' `` Komm, Heiliger Geist, Herre Gott '' `` Lobt Gott, ihr Christen alle gleich '' `` Macht hoch die Tür '' `` Meinen Jesum laß ich nicht '' `` Mit Fried und Freud ich fahr dahin '' `` Mitten wir im Leben sind '' `` Nun bitten wir den Heiligen Geist '' `` Nun danket alle Gott '' `` Nun freut euch, lieben Christen g'mein '' `` Nun komm, der Heiden Heiland '' `` Nun lasst uns den Leib begraben '' `` Nun laßt uns Gott dem Herren '' `` Nun lob, mein Seel, den Herren '' `` O Haupt voll Blut und Wunden '' `` O Lamm Gottes, unschuldig '' `` O Mensch, bewein dein Sünde groß '' `` O Welt, sieh hier dein Leben '' `` Schmücke dich, o liebe Seele '' `` Sie ist mir lieb, die werte Magd '' `` Straf mich nicht in deinem Zorn '' `` Such, wer da will, ein ander Ziel '' `` Valet will ich dir geben '' `` Vater unser im Himmelreich '' `` Vom Himmel hoch, da komm ich her '' `` Wachet auf, ruft uns die Stimme '' `` Wär Gott nicht mit uns diese Zeit '' `` Warum betrübst du dich, mein Herz '' `` Warum sollt ich mich denn grämen '' `` Was willst du dich betrüben '' `` Wer nur den lieben Gott läßt walten '' `` Wer weiß, wie nahe mir mein Ende '' `` Werde munter, mein Gemüte '' `` Wie schön leuchtet der Morgenstern '' `` Wie soll ich dich empfangen '' `` Wir glauben all an einen Gott '' `` Wir wollen alle fröhlich sein '' `` Wo Gott der Herr nicht bei uns hält '' Lutheran chorale List of hymns by Martin Luther Passion Hymns Hymn of the day GND : 7586822 - 2 Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=O_Sacred_Head,_Now_Wounded&oldid=842752752 '' Categories : Latin - language Christian hymns German Christian hymns Lutheran hymns Passion hymns Hidden categories : Articles containing Latin - language text Interlanguage link template link number Wikipedia articles with GND identifiers Talk Contents About Wikipedia Deutsch Esperanto Nederlands 日本 語 Suomi Svenska Edit links This page was last edited on 24 May 2018, at 12 : 57. 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Question: when was o sacred head now wounded written
Answer: during the Middle Ages