United states presidential election, 1992 - wikipedia United states presidential election, 1992 United States presidential election, 1992 ← 1988 November 3, 1992 1996 → All 538 electoral votes of the Electoral College 270 electoral votes needed to win Turnout 55.2 % 5.0 pp Nominee Bill Clinton George H.W. Bush Ross Perot Party Democratic Republican Independent Home state Arkansas Texas Texas Running mate Al Gore Dan Quayle James Stockdale Electoral vote 370 168 0 States carried 32 + DC 18 0 Popular vote 44,909,806 39,104,550 19,743,821 Percentage 43.0 % 37.4 % 18.9 % Presidential election results map. Blue denotes those won by Clinton / Gore, red denotes states won by Bush / Quayle. Numbers indicate electoral votes allotted to the winner of each state. President before election George H.W. Bush Republican Elected President Bill Clinton Democratic The United States presidential election of 1992 was the 52nd quadrennial presidential election. It was held on Tuesday, November 3, 1992. Democratic Governor Bill Clinton of Arkansas defeated incumbent Republican President George H.W. Bush, independent businessman Ross Perot of Texas, and a number of minor candidates. Bush had alienated many of the conservatives in his party by breaking his 1988 campaign pledge against raising taxes, but he fended off a primary challenge from conservative commentator Pat Buchanan. Bush 's popularity after his success in the Gulf War dissuaded high - profile Democratic candidates like Mario Cuomo from entering the 1992 Democratic primaries. Clinton, a leader of the centrist Democratic Leadership Council, established himself as the front - runner for the Democratic nomination by sweeping the Super Tuesday primaries. He defeated former Governor Jerry Brown, former Senator Paul Tsongas, and other candidates to win his party 's nomination, and chose Senator Al Gore as his running mate. Billionaire Ross Perot launched an independent campaign, emphasizing his opposition to the North American Free Trade Agreement and his plan to reduce the national debt. The economy was in recession and Bush 's greatest strength, foreign policy, was regarded as much less important following the dissolution of the Soviet Union and the relatively peaceful climate in the Middle East after the Gulf War. Perot led in several polls taken in June 1992, but severely damaged his candidacy by temporarily dropping out of the race in July. The Bush campaign criticized Clinton 's character and emphasized Bush 's foreign policy successes, while Clinton focused on the economy. Clinton won a plurality in the popular vote but a majority of the electoral vote, breaking a streak of three straight Republican victories. Clinton swept the Northeastern United States, marking the start of Democratic dominance in the region in presidential elections, while also performing well in the Midwest and the West. Along with Jimmy Carter and Gerald Ford, Bush is one of three incumbent presidents since World War II to be defeated in the general election. Perot won 18.9 % of the popular vote, the highest share of the vote won by a candidate outside of the two major parties since 1912. Perot found support in every state, and Clinton 's home state of Arkansas was the lone state to give a majority of its vote to any candidate. Eight years later, Clinton was succeded by Bush 's son, George W. Bush, who controversially defeated Clinton 's vice president, Al Gore, in the disputed 2000 election. Contents 1 Nominations 1.1 Republican Party nomination 1.1. 1 Withdrawn candidates 1.2 Democratic Party nomination 1.2. 1 Withdrawn candidates 1.2. 2 Overview 1.3 Third parties and independents 1.3. 1 Ross Perot 's candidacy 1.3. 2 Libertarian Party nomination 1.3. 3 New Alliance Party nomination 1.3. 4 Natural Law Party nomination 1.3. 5 U.S. Taxpayers ' Party nomination 1.3. 6 Populist Party Nomination 1.3. 7 Lyndon LaRouche 's candidacy 1.3. 8 Socialist Workers ' Party nomination 1.3. 9 Ron Daniels candidacy 1.3. 10 Other nominations 2 General election 2.1 Campaign 2.2 Character issues 2.3 Results 2.4 Analysis 2.5 Implications 2.6 Detailed results 2.6. 1 Results by state 2.6. 2 Close states 2.7 Voter demographics 3 See also 4 References 5 Further reading 6 External links Nominations Republican Party nomination Main article : Republican Party presidential primaries, 1992 Republican Party Ticket, 1992 George H.W. Bush Dan Quayle for President for Vice President 41st President of the United States ( 1989 -- 1993 ) 44th Vice President of the United States ( 1989 -- 1993 ) Campaign Withdrawn candidates Conservative Columnist Pat Buchanan from Virginia State Representative David Duke from Louisiana Retired engineer Jack Fellure from West Virginia Comedian Pat Paulsen Former Governor Harold Stassen of Minnesota Conservative journalist Pat Buchanan was the primary opponent of President Bush ; Ron Paul, the Libertarian Party 's presidential nominee in 1988, had planned to run against the President, but dropped out shortly after Buchanan 's entry in December. Buchanan 's best showing was in the New Hampshire primary on February 18, 1992 -- where Bush won by a 53 -- 38 % margin. President Bush won 73 % of all primary votes, with 9,199,463 votes. Buchanan won 2,899,488 votes ; unpledged delegates won 287,383 votes, and David Duke, a former Republican Louisiana state representative and Grand Wizard of the Ku Klux Klan won 119,115 votes. Just over 100,000 votes were cast for all other candidates, half of which were write - in votes for H. Ross Perot. President George H.W. Bush and Vice President Dan Quayle easily won renomination by the Republican Party. However, the success of the conservative opposition forced the moderate Bush to move further to the right than in the previous election, and to incorporate many socially conservative planks in the party platform. Bush allowed Buchanan to give the keynote address at the Republican National Convention in Houston, Texas, and his culture war speech alienated many moderates. With intense pressure on the Buchanan delegates to relent, the tally for president went as follows : George H.W. Bush 2166 Pat Buchanan 18 former ambassador Alan Keyes 1 Vice President Dan Quayle was renominated by voice vote. Democratic Party nomination Main article : Democratic Party presidential primaries, 1992 Democratic Party Ticket, 1992 Bill Clinton Al Gore for President for Vice President 40th and 42nd Governor of Arkansas ( 1979 -- 1981, 1983 -- 1992 ) U.S. Senator from Tennessee ( 1985 -- 1993 ) Campaign Withdrawn candidates Former Governor Jerry Brown of California Former Senator Paul Tsongas from Massachusetts Senator Bob Kerrey from Nebraska Senator Tom Harkin from Iowa Governor Douglas Wilder of Virginia Former Senator Eugene McCarthy from Minnesota Former Mayor of Irvine Larry Agran from California Overview After the successful performance by U.S. and coalition forces in the Persian Gulf War, President George H.W. Bush 's approval ratings were 89 %. His re-election was considered very likely. As a result, several high - profile candidates, such as Mario Cuomo, refused to seek the Democratic nomination. In addition, Senator Al Gore refused to seek the nomination due to the fact his son was struck by a car and was undergoing extensive surgery as well as physical therapy. However, Tom Harkin, Paul Tsongas, Jerry Brown, Bob Kerrey, Douglas Wilder and Bill Clinton chose to run as candidates. U.S. Senator Tom Harkin ( Iowa ) ran as a populist liberal with labor union support. Former U.S. Senator Paul Tsongas ( Massachusetts ) highlighted his political independence and fiscal conservatism. Former California Governor Jerry Brown, who had run for the Democratic nomination in 1976 and 1980 while he was still Governor, declared a significant reform agenda, including Congressional term limits, campaign finance reform, and the adoption of a flat income tax. Nebraska Senator Bob Kerrey was an attractive candidate based on his business and military background, but made several gaffes on the campaign trail. Arkansas Governor Bill Clinton positioned himself as a centrist, or New Democrat. He was still relatively unknown nationally before the primary season. That quickly changed however, when a woman named Gennifer Flowers appeared in the press to reveal allegations of an affair. Clinton rebutted the story by appearing on 60 Minutes with his wife, Hillary Clinton. The primary season began with U.S. Senator Tom Harkin winning his native Iowa as expected. Paul Tsongas of Massachusetts won the New Hampshire primary on February 18, but Clinton 's second - place finish, helped by his speech labeling himself `` The Comeback Kid, '' energized his campaign. Jerry Brown won the Maine caucus and Bob Kerrey won South Dakota. Clinton won his first primary in Georgia. Tsongas won the Utah and Maryland primaries and a caucus in Washington. Harkin won caucuses in Idaho and Minnesota while Jerry Brown won Colorado. Bob Kerrey dropped out two days later. Clinton won the South Carolina and Wyoming primaries and Tsongas won Arizona. Harkin dropped out. Jerry Brown won the Nevada caucus. Clinton swept nearly all of the Super Tuesday primaries on March 10 making him the solid front runner. Clinton won the Michigan and Illinois primaries. Tsongas dropped out after finishing 3rd in Michigan. Jerry Brown, however, began to pick up steam, aided by using a 1 -- 800 number to receive funding from small donors. Brown scored surprising wins in Connecticut, Vermont and Alaska. As the race moved to the primaries in New York and Wisconsin, Brown had taken the lead in polls in both states. Then he made a serious gaffe by announcing to an audience of New York City 's Jewish community that, if nominated, he would consider Reverend Jesse Jackson as a Vice Presidential candidate. Clinton won dramatically in New York ( 41 % -- 26 % ) and closely in Wisconsin ( 37 % -- 34 % ). Clinton then proceeded to win a long streak of primaries leading up to Jerry Brown 's home state of California. Clinton won this primary 48 % to 41 % and secured the delegates needed to clinch the nomination. The convention met in New York, New York, and the official tally was : Bill Clinton 3,372 Jerry Brown 596 Paul Tsongas 289 Robert P. Casey 10 Pat Schroeder 5 Larry Agran 3 Al Gore 1 Clinton chose U.S. Senator Al Gore ( D - Tennessee ) to be his running mate on July 9, 1992. Choosing fellow Southerner Gore went against the popular strategy of balancing a Southern candidate with a Northern partner. Gore did serve to balance the ticket in other ways, as he was perceived as strong on family values and environmental issues, while Clinton was not. Also, Gore 's similarities to Clinton allowed him to push some of his key campaign themes, such as centrism and generational change. Third parties and independents Ross Perot 's candidacy Main article : Ross Perot presidential campaign, 1992 Ross Perot was on the ballot in every state ; in six states ( Alaska, Arkansas, Connecticut, Louisiana, Oregon, Pennsylvania ) Perot was placed upon the ballot through the formation of a political party supporting his candidacy. His electoral performance in each of those states led to those parties being given ballot - qualified status. Businessman Ross Perot from Texas The public 's concern about the federal budget deficit and fears of professional politicians allowed the independent candidacy of billionaire Texan Ross Perot to explode on the scene in dramatic fashion -- at one point Perot was leading the major party candidates in the polls. Perot crusaded against the North American Free Trade Agreement ( NAFTA ), and internal and external national debt, tapping into voters ' potential fear of the deficit. His volunteers succeeded in collecting enough signatures to get his name on the ballot in all 50 states. In June, Perot led the national public opinion polls with support from 39 % of the voters ( versus 31 % for Bush and 25 % for Clinton ). Perot severely damaged his credibility by dropping out of the presidential contest in July and remaining out of the race for several weeks before re-entering. He compounded this damage by eventually claiming, without evidence, that his withdrawal was due to Republican operatives attempting to disrupt his daughter 's wedding. Perot and retired Vice Admiral James Stockdale drew 19,743,821 votes ( 19 % of the popular vote ). Libertarian Party nomination Andre Marrou was on the ballot in every state. Libertarian candidates : Andre Marrou, former Alaska State Representative and 1988 vice presidential nominee Richard B. Boddie, political science professor from California Former State Representative Andre Marrou from Alaska The 6th Libertarian Party National Convention was held in Chicago, Illinois. There, the Libertarian Party nominated Andre Marrou, former Alaska State Representative and the Party 's 1988 vice-presidential candidate, for President. Nancy Lord was his running mate. Marrou and Lord drew 291,627 votes ( 0.28 % of the popular vote ). The Balloting Presidential Ballot 1st Vice Presidential Ballot 1st 2nd 3rd Andre Marrou 257 Nancy Lord 98 180 240 Richard B. Boddie 187 Richard B. Boddie 179 160 180 None of the Above 20 Mary Ruwart 129 64 0 Hans G. Schroeder 7 Calvin Warburton 19 20 0 David H. Raaflaub 6 Craig Franklin 10 0 0 Mary Ruwart Craig Franklin Nancy Lord New Alliance Party nomination Lenora Fulani was on the ballot in thirty - nine states ( 352 Electoral Votes ). Those states with a lighter shade are states in which she was an official write - in candidate. New Alliance candidate : Lenora Fulani, Psychotherapist and political activist from New Jersey, and the 1988 Presidential nominee Lenora Fulani, who was the 1988 presidential nominee of the New Alliance Party, received a second consecutive nomination from the Party in 1992. Unlike in 1988, Fulani failed to gain ballot access in every state, deciding to concentrate some of that campaign funding towards exposure of her candidacy and the Party to the national public. Fulani also sought the endorsement of the Peace and Freedom Party of California, but despite winning a majority in that party 's primary, she would lose the nomination to Ronald Daniels, the former Director the National Rainbow Coalition. Rather than pursuing a ballot space of her own, Fulani would endorse Daniels 's candidacy in California. Fulani and her running mate Maria Elizabeth Munoz received 73,622 votes ( 0.1 % of the popular vote ). Natural law Party nomination John Hagelin was on the ballot in twenty - eight states ( 264 Electoral Votes ). Those states with a lighter shade are states in which he was an official write - in candidate. Natural Law candidate : Scientist and Researcher John Hagelin from Iowa The newly formed Natural Law Party nominated scientist and researcher John Hagelin for President and Mike Tompkins for Vice President. The Natural Law Party had been founded in 1992 by Hagelin and 12 others who felt that governmental problems could be solved more effectively by following `` Natural Laws. '' The party platform included preventive health care, sustainable agriculture and renewable energy technologies. During this and future campaigns, Hagelin favored abortion rights without public financing, campaign finance law reform, improved gun control, a flat tax, the eradication of PACs, a ban on soft money contributions, and school vouchers. The party 's first presidential ticket appeared on the ballot in 28 states and drew 37,137 votes ( < 0.1 % of the popular vote ). U.S. Taxpayers ' Party nomination Howard Phillips was on the ballot in twenty - one states ( 215 Electoral Votes ). Those states with a lighter shade are states in which he was an official write - in candidate. U.S. Taxpayers ' candidates : Howard Phillips, conservative political activist from Virginia Pat Buchanan, conservative columnist from Virginia ( declined interest ) Gordon J. Humphrey, former Senator from New Hampshire ( declined interest ) Conservative Columnist Pat Buchanan ( Declined Interest ) Conservative Political Activist Howard Phillips The U.S. Taxpayers Party ran its first presidential ticket in 1992, having only been formed the prior year. Initially Howard Phillips had hoped to successfully entice a prominent conservative politician, such as the former Senator Gordon J. Humphrey from New Hampshire, or even Patrick Buchanan who at the time had only been mulling over running against President Bush ( he would officially declare in December of ' 91 ). No one, however, announced any intention to seek the Taxpayers Party nomination ; Buchanan himself in the end endorsed President Bush at the Republican National Convention in Houston. Phillips had been unofficially nominated earlier in the year so as to allow the Party to be able to seek ballot access properly. This was a temporary post that was made permanent in September, with Phillips and Albion Knight being named the official presidential ticket of the party. Phillips and Knight drew 43,369 votes ( < 0.1 % of the popular vote ). Populist Party nomination Bo Gritz was on the ballot in eighteen states ( 161 Electoral Votes ). Those states with a lighter shade are states in which he was an official write - in candidate. Populist candidate : Bo Gritz, Former United States Army Special Forces officer and Vietnam veteran Former United States Army Special Forces officer and Vietnam veteran Bo Gritz was the nominee of the Populist Party, facing virtually no opposition. Under the campaign slogan `` God, Guns and Gritz '' and publishing his political manifesto `` The Bill of Gritz '' ( playing on his last name rhyming with `` rights '' ), he called for staunch opposition to what he called `` global government '' and `` The New World Order '', ending all foreign aid, abolishing federal income tax, and abolishing the Federal Reserve System. During the campaign, Gritz openly proclaimed the United States to be a `` Christian Nation '', stating that the country 's legal statutes `` should reflect unashamed acceptance of Almighty God and His Laws. '' His run on the America First / Populist Party ticket was prompted by his association with another far - right political Christian talk radio host, Tom Valentine. During his campaign, part of Gritz 's standard stump speech was an idea to pay off the National debt by minting a coin at the Treasury and sending it to the Federal Reserve. This predates the 2012 Trillion dollar coin concept. During August 1992, Gritz attracted national attention as mediator during the government standoff with Randy Weaver at Ruby Ridge, Idaho. He received 106,152 votes nationwide ( 0.1 % of the popular vote ). In two states he had a respectable showing for a minor third party candidate : Utah, where he received 3.8 % of the vote and Idaho, where he received 2.1 % of the vote. In some counties, his support topped 10 %, and in Franklin County, Idaho, was only a few votes away from pushing Bill Clinton into fourth place in the county. Lyndon LaRouche 's candidacy Lyndon LaRouche was on the ballot in seventeen states ( 156 Electoral Votes ). Those states with a lighter shade are states in which he was an official write - in candidate. Political Activist Lyndon LaRouche While officially running for the Democratic Presidential nomination, Lyndon LaRouche also decided to run as an Independent in the general election, standing as the National Economic Recovery candidate. LaRouche was in jail at the time, having been convicted of conspiracy to commit mail fraud in December 1988 ; it was only the second time in history that the presidency was sought from a prison cell ( after Socialist Party candidate Eugene V. Debs, while imprisoned for his opposition to U.S. involvement in World War I, ran in 1920 ). His running - mate was James Bevel, a civil rights activist who had represented the LaRouche movement in its pursuit of the Franklin child prostitution ring allegations. In addition to the displayed states, LaRouche had nearly made the ballot in the states of New York and Mississippi. In the case of New York, while his petition was valid and had enough signatures, none of his electors filed declarations of candidacy ; in the cases of Mississippi a sore - loser law was in place, and because he ran in that state 's Democratic presidential primary he was ineligible to run as an Independent in the general. Ohio also had a sore - loser law, but it was ruled in Brown vs. Taft that it did not apply to presidential candidates. LaRouche and Beval drew 22,863 votes. ( < 0.1 % of the popular vote ). Socialist Workers ' Party nomination James Warren was on the ballot in thirteen states ( 148 Electoral Votes ). Those states with a lighter shade are states in which he was an official write - in candidate. Socialist Workers candidate : James Warren, journalist and steel worker from Illinois, and the 1988 Presidential nominee James Warren, who was the 1988 presidential nominee of the Socialist Workers Party, received a second consecutive nomination from the Party on the first of November 1991. Warren had two running mates that varied from state to state ; Estelle DeBates and Willie Mae Reid, the latter also a resident of Illinois. Warren received 22,882 votes ( < 0.1 % of the popular vote ). Ron Daniels candidacy Ron Daniels was on the ballot in eight states ( 126 Electoral Votes ). Those states with a lighter shade are states in which he was an official write - in candidate. Ronald Daniels, former director of the National Rainbow Coalition Ronald Daniels was the former executive director for the Center for Constitutional Rights, the former director of the National Rainbow Coalition, and the worked on both of Jesse Jackson 's campaigns for the Democratic presidential nomination. Asiba Tupahache, a Native American activist from New York was his running - mate. Though running an Independent campaign under the label `` Campaign for a Better Tomorrow '', Daniels was endorsed by a number of third parties across the states, most notably the Peace and Freedom Party of California ; though he had lost that party 's presidential primary to Lenora Fulani, the nominee of the New Alliance Party, the delegates at its convention voted in favor of his candidacy 110 -- 91, the only time it has ever nominated someone other than the winner of the primary. Daniels and Tupachache drew 27,396 votes ( < 0.1 % of the popular vote ). Other nominations The 1992 campaign also marked the entry of Ralph Nader into presidential politics as a candidate. Despite the advice of several liberal and environmental groups, Nader did not formally run. Rather, he tried to make an impact in the New Hampshire primaries, urging members of both parties to write - in his name. As a result, several thousand Democrats and Republicans wrote - in Nader 's name. Despite supporting mostly liberal legislation during his career as a consumer advocate, Nader received more votes from Republicans than Democrats. The Worker 's League nominated Helen Halyard for President ; she was the party 's nominee for Vice President in 1984 and 1988. Fred Mazelis was nominated for Vice President. Halyard and Mazelis drew 3,050 votes. Ballot Access : Michigan, New Jersey ( 33 Electoral ) John Yiamouyiannis, a major opponent of water fluoridation, ran as an Independent under the label `` Take Back America ''. Allen C. McCone was his running - mate. Yiamouyiannis and McCone drew 2,199 votes. Ballot Access : Arkansas, Iowa, Louisiana, Tennessee ( 33 Electoral ) The Socialist Party nominated J. Quinn Brisben for President and Barbara Garson for Vice President. Brisben and Garson drew 2,909 votes. Ballot Access : DC, Tennessee, Utah, Wisconsin ( 30 Electoral ) The Grassroots Party nominated Jack Herer, a noted cannabis activist for President and Derrick Grimmer for Vice President. Herer and Grimmer drew 3,875 votes. Ballot Access : Iowa, Minnesota, Wisconsin ( 28 Electoral ) The Prohibition Party nominated Earl Dodge, the party 's chairman for President and George Ormsby for Vice President. Dodge and Ormsby drew 935 votes. Ballot Access : Arkansas, New Mexico, Tennessee ( 22 Electoral ) Drew Bradford was an Independent candidate for the Presidency ; he did not have a running - mate. Bradford drew 4,749 votes. Ballot Access : New Jersey ( 15 Electoral ) Eugene R. Hem was an Independent candidate for the Presidency, running under the label `` The Third Party ''. His running - mate was Joanne Roland. Hem and Roland drew 405 votes. Ballot Access : Wisconsin ( 11 Electoral ) Delbert Ehlers was an Independent candidate for the Presidency. His running - mate was Rick Wendt. Ehlers and Wendt drew 1,149 votes. Ballot Access : Iowa ( 7 Electoral ) James Boren was an Independent candidate for the Presidency, running under the label `` Apathy ''. His running - mate was Bill Weidman. Boren and Weidman drew 956 votes. Ballot Access : Arkansas ( 6 Electoral ) Professor Isabell Masters was an Independent candidate for the Presidency, running under the label `` Looking Back ''. Her running - mate was her son, Walter Ray Masters. Masters drew 327 votes. Ballot Access : Arkansas ( 6 Electoral ) The American Party nominated Robert J. Smith for President and Doris Feimer for Vice President. However, for a time neither the Utah or South Carolina state parties would endorse the ticket. The American Party of South Carolina would ultimately endorse the candidacy of Howard Phillips, the nominee of the U.S. Taxpayers Party, while the American Party of Utah would decide to endorse Smith. Smith and Feimer drew 291 votes. Ballot Access : Utah ( 5 Electoral ) The Workers World Party nominated Gloria La Riva for President and Larry Holmes for Vice President. Initially the party had voted not to field a presidential candidate in 1992, but it was later found that the party would need to get at least half a percent of the vote in New Mexico in order to maintain its ballot access in that state. La Riva and Holmes drew 181 votes. Ballot Access : New Mexico ( 5 Electoral ) General election Campaign After Bill Clinton secured the Democratic Party 's nomination in the spring of 1992, polls showed Ross Perot leading the race, followed by President Bush and Clinton in third place after a grueling nomination process. Two - way trial heats between Bush and Clinton in early 1992 showed Bush in the lead, however. But as the economy continued to grow sour and the President 's approval rating continued to slide, the Democrats began to rally around their nominee. On July 9, 1992, Clinton chose Tennessee Senator and former 1988 Presidential candidate Al Gore to be his running mate. As Governor Clinton 's nomination acceptance speech approached, Ross Perot dropped out of the race, convinced that staying in the race with a `` revitalized Democratic Party '' would cause the race to be decided by the United States House of Representatives. Clinton gave his acceptance speech on July 16, 1992, promising to bring a `` new covenant '' to America, and to work to heal the gap that had developed between the rich and the poor during the Reagan / Bush years. The Clinton campaign received the biggest convention `` bounce '' in history which brought him from 25 percent in the spring, behind Bush and Perot, to 55 percent versus Bush 's 31 percent. After the convention, Clinton and Gore began a bus tour around the United States, while the Bush / Quayle campaign began to criticize Clinton 's character, highlighting accusations of infidelity and draft dodging. The Bush campaign emphasized its foreign policy successes such as Desert Storm, and the end of the Cold War. Bush also contrasted his military service to Clinton 's lack thereof, and criticized Clinton 's lack of foreign policy expertise. However, as the economy was the main issue, Bush 's campaign floundered across the nation, even in strongly Republican areas, and Clinton maintained leads with over 50 percent of the vote nationwide consistently, while Bush typically saw numbers in the upper 30s. As Bush 's economic edge had evaporated, his campaign looked to energize its socially conservative base at the 1992 Republican National Convention in Houston, Texas. At the Convention, Bush 's primary campaign opponent Pat Buchanan gave his famous `` culture war '' speech, criticizing Clinton 's and Gore 's social progressiveness, and voicing skepticism on his `` New Democrat '' brand. After President Bush accepted his renomination, his campaign saw a small bounce in the polls, but this was short lived, as Clinton maintained his lead. The campaign continued with a lopsided lead for Clinton through September, until Ross Perot decided to re-enter the race. Ross Perot 's re-entry in the race was welcome by the Bush campaign, as Fred Steeper, a poll taker for Bush, said, `` He 'll be important if we accomplish our goal, which is to draw even with Clinton. '' Initially, Perot 's return saw the Texas billionaire 's numbers stay low, until he was given the opportunity to participate in a trio of unprecedented three - man debates. The race narrowed, as Perot 's numbers significantly improved as Clinton 's numbers declined, while Bush 's numbers remained more or less the same from earlier in the race as Perot and Bush began to hammer at Clinton on character issues once again. Character issues Many character issues were raised during the campaign, including allegations that Clinton had dodged the draft during the Vietnam War, and had used marijuana, which Clinton claimed he had pretended to smoke, but `` did n't inhale. '' Bush also accused Clinton of meeting with communists on a trip to Russia he took as a student. Clinton was often accused of being a philanderer by political opponents. Allegations were also made that Bill Clinton had engaged in a long - term extramarital affair with Gennifer Flowers. Clinton denied ever having an affair with Flowers. Election results by county Bill Clinton George H.W. Bush Ross Perot 1992 Presidential Election, results by congressional district Results On November 3, Bill Clinton won the election to serve as the 42nd President of the United States by a wide margin in the Electoral College, receiving 43 % of the popular vote against Bush 's 37.5 % and Perot 's 18.9 %. It was the first time since 1968 that a candidate won the White House with under 50 % of the popular vote. Only Washington, D.C. and Clinton 's home state of Arkansas gave the majority of their votes to a single candidate in the entire country ; the rest were won by pluralities of the vote. Even though Clinton roughly received 3.1 million more votes than Democratic nominee Michael Dukakis had four years earlier, the Democrats recorded a 2.6 percentage point decrease in their share of the popular vote compared to 1988 due to the higher turnout. His 43 % share of the popular vote was the second - lowest for any winning candidate in the 20th century after Woodrow Wilson in 1912 ( 41.8 % ). President Bush 's 37.5 % was the lowest percentage total for a sitting president seeking re-election since William Howard Taft, also in 1912 ( 23.2 % ). 1992 was, as the 1912 election was, a three - way race ( that time between Taft, Woodrow Wilson, and Theodore Roosevelt ). It was also the lowest percentage for a major - party candidate since Alf Landon received 36.5 % of the vote in 1936. Bush had a lower percentage of the popular vote than even Herbert Hoover, who was defeated in 1932 ( 39.7 % ). However, none of these races included a major third candidate. As of the 2016 election, Bush has been the last president voted out of office after one term, as Clinton, George W. Bush, and Barack Obama were all re-elected to second terms in office. Independent candidate Ross Perot received 19,741,065 with 18.9 % of the popular vote. The billionaire used his own money to advertise extensively, and is the only third - party candidate ever allowed into the nationally televised presidential debates with both major party candidates ( Independent John Anderson debated Republican Ronald Reagan in 1980, but without Democrat Jimmy Carter, who had refused to appear in a three - man debate ). Speaking about the North American Free Trade Agreement, Perot described its effect on American jobs as causing a `` giant sucking sound ''. Perot was ahead in the polls for a period of almost two months -- a feat not accomplished by an independent candidate in almost 100 years. Perot lost much of his support when he temporarily withdrew from the election, only to declare himself a candidate again soon after. This was also the most recent time that a third - party candidate won a county. Perot 's almost 19 % of the popular vote made him the most successful third - party presidential candidate in terms of popular vote since Theodore Roosevelt in the 1912 election. Also, his 19 % of the popular vote was the highest ever percent of the popular vote for a candidate who did not win any electoral votes. Although he did not win any states, Perot managed to finish ahead of one of the two major party candidates in two states : In Maine, he received 30.44 % of the vote to Bush 's 30.39 % ( Clinton won Maine with 38.77 % ) ; in Utah, he collected 27.34 % of the vote to Clinton 's 24.65 %. Bush won that state with 43.36 %. The election was the most recent in which Georgia and Montana voted for the Democratic candidate, the last time the state of Florida backed the losing candidate, and the last time that Colorado voted Democratic until 2008. This was also the first time since Texas ' admission to the Union in 1845 that a Democrat won the White House without winning the state, and the second time a Democrat won the White House without North Carolina ( the first was 1844 ), and the second time since Florida 's admission ( also in 1845 ) that a Democrat won without winning the state ( John F. Kennedy in 1960 was the first ). Clinton was also the only Democrat at that point to win every electoral vote in the Northeast except for Lyndon Johnson in 1964. Every Democrat since Clinton has repeated this result, except for Al Gore, who narrowly lost New Hampshire in 2000, and Hillary Clinton, who lost Pennsylvania and Maine 's second congressional district in 2016. Also, this was the first time since 1964 that many states voted Democratic, such as California, Colorado, Illinois, Montana, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, and Vermont. The 168 electoral votes received by Bush, added to the 426 electoral votes he received in 1988, gave him the most total electoral votes received by any candidate who was elected to the office of president only once ( 594 ). ANALYSIS Several factors made the results possible. First, the campaign came on the heels of an economic slowdown. Exit polling showed that 75 % thought the economy was in fairly or very bad shape while 63 % thought their personal finances were better or the same as four years ago. The decision by Bush to accept a tax increase adversely affected his re-election bid. Pressured by rising budget deficits, Bush agreed to a budget compromise with Congress which raised taxes. Clinton was able to condemn the tax increase effectively on both its own merits and as a reflection of Bush 's dishonesty. Effective Democratic TV ads were aired showing a clip of Bush 's infamous 1988 campaign speech in which he promised `` Read my lips... No new taxes. '' Most importantly, Bush 's coalition was in disarray, for both the aforementioned reasons and for unrelated reasons. The end of the Cold War allowed old rivalries among conservatives to re-emerge and meant that other voters focused more on domestic policy, to the detriment of Bush, a social and fiscal moderate. The consequence of such a perception depressed conservative turnout. Unlike Bush, Clinton was able to unite his fractious and ideologically diverse party behind his candidacy, even when its different wings were in conflict. To garner the support of moderates and conservative Democrats, he attacked Sister Souljah, a little - known rap musician whose lyrics Clinton condemned. Furthermore, Clinton made clear his support of the death penalty and would later champion making school uniforms in public schools a requirement. Clinton could also point to his centrist record as Governor of Arkansas. More liberal Democrats were impressed by Clinton 's record on abortion and affirmative action. His strong connections to African Americans also played a key role. In addition, he organized significant numbers of young voters and became a symbol of the rise of the Baby Boomer generation to political power. Supporters remained energized and confident, even in times of scandal or missteps. The effect of Ross Perot 's candidacy has been a contentious point of debate for many years. In the ensuing months after the election, various Republicans asserted that Perot had acted as a spoiler, enough to the detriment of Bush to lose him the election. While many disaffected conservatives may have voted for Ross Perot to protest Bush 's tax increase, further examination of the Perot vote in the Election Night exit polls not only showed that Perot siphoned votes nearly equally among Bush and Clinton, but roughly two - thirds of those voters who cited Bush 's broken `` No New Taxes '' pledge as `` very important '' ( 25 % ) voted for Bill Clinton. The voting numbers reveal that to win the electoral vote Bush would have had to win 10 of the 11 states Clinton won by less than five percentage points. For Bush to earn a majority of the popular vote, he would have needed 12.2 % of Perot 's 18.9 % of the vote, 65 % of Perot 's support base. State exit polls suggested that Perot did not alter the electoral college count, except potentially in one state ( Ohio ), which nonetheless showed a result in the margin of error. Furthermore, Perot was most popular in states that strongly favored either Clinton or Bush, limiting his real electoral impact for either candidate. He gained relatively little support in the Southern states and happened to have the best showing in states with few electoral votes. Perot appealed to disaffected voters all across the political spectrum who had grown weary of the two - party system. NAFTA played a role in Perot 's support, and Perot voters were relatively moderate on hot - button social issues. Clinton, Bush, and Perot did not focus on abortion during the campaign. Exit polls, however, showed that attitudes toward abortion `` significantly influenced '' the vote, as pro-choice Republicans defected from Bush. Implications Clinton 's election ended an era in which the Republican Party had controlled the White House for 12 consecutive years, and for 20 of the previous 24 years. The election also brought the Democrats full control of the legislative and executive branches of the federal government, including both houses of U.S. Congress and the presidency, for the first time since the administration of the last Democratic president, Jimmy Carter. This would not last for very long, however, as the Republicans won control of both the House and Senate in 1994. Reelected in 1996, Clinton would become the first Democratic President since Franklin D. Roosevelt to serve two full terms in the White House. 1992 was arguably a `` realigning '' election. It made the Democratic Party dominant in presidential elections in the Northeast, the Great Lakes region ( until 2016 ) and the West Coast, where many states had previously either been swing states or Republican - leaning. Clinton picked up several states that went Republican in 1988, and which have remained in the Democratic column ever since : California, Connecticut, Delaware, Illinois, all of Maine, Maryland, New Jersey, and Vermont. Vermont, carried by Clinton, had been heavily Republican for generations prior to the election, voting for a Democrat only once ( in 1964 ). The state has been won by the Democratic nominee in every presidential election since. Bill Clinton narrowly defeated Bush in New Jersey ( by two points ), which had voted for the Republican nominee all but twice since 1948. Clinton would later win the state in 1996 by eighteen points ; like Vermont, Republicans have not won the state since. California, which had previously been a Republican stronghold from 1952 to 1988, was now solidly Democratic. Clinton, a lifelong Southerner, was able to carry several states in the South that the GOP had been winning for decades, but ultimately won only four of eleven former Confederate states. This reflected the final shift of the South to the Republican Party. This was also the last election where Colorado voted Democratic until 2008. The election was the last time that a member of either party won the presidency without winning Florida. Detailed results Presidential candidate Party Home state Popular vote Electoral vote Running mate Count Percentage Vice-presidential candidate Home state Electoral vote William Jefferson Clinton Democratic Arkansas 44,909,806 43.01 % 370 Albert Arnold Gore, Jr. Tennessee 370 George Herbert Walker Bush ( Incumbent ) Republican Texas 39,104,550 37.45 % 168 James Danforth Quayle Indiana 168 Henry Ross Perot Independent Texas 19,743,821 18.91 % 0 James Bond Stockdale California 0 Andre Verne Marrou Libertarian Alaska 290,087 0.28 % 0 Nancy Lord Nevada 0 Bo Gritz Populist Nevada 106,152 0.10 % 0 Cy Minett New Mexico 0 Lenora Fulani New Alliance Party New York 73,622 0.07 % 0 Maria Munoz California 0 Howard Phillips U.S. Taxpayers Party Virginia 43,369 0.04 % 0 Albion Knight, Jr. Florida 0 Other 152,516 0.13 % -- Other -- Total 104,423,923 100 % 538 538 Needed to win 270 270 Source ( Popular Vote ) : Leip, David. `` 1992 Presidential Election Results ''. Dave Leip 's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections. Retrieved August 7, 2005. Source ( Electoral Vote ) : `` Electoral College Box Scores 1789 -- 1996 ''. National Archives and Records Administration. Retrieved August 7, 2005. Popular vote Clinton 43.01 % Bush 37.45 % Perot 18.91 % Marrou 0.28 % Others 0.35 % Electoral vote Clinton 68.77 % Bush 31.23 % Results by county, shaded according to winning candidate 's percentage of the vote Results by state States / districts won by Clinton / Gore States / districts won by Bush / Quayle Candidates with electoral votes ( E ) Candidates with no electoral votes Overall popular vote Bill Clinton Democratic George H.W. Bush Republican Ross Perot Independent Andre Marrou Libertarian Others Top - 2 margin ( + / − if won by D / R ) State Total State Vote % Vote % Vote % Vote % Vote % Vote % Vote Alabama 9 690,080 40.88 -- 804,283 47.65 9 183,109 10.85 5,737 0.34 4,851 0.29 − 114,203 − 6.77 1,688,060 AL Alaska 78,294 30.29 -- 102,000 39.46 73,481 28.43 1,378 0.53 3,353 1.29 − 23,706 − 9.17 258,506 AK Arizona 8 543,050 36.52 -- 572,086 38.47 8 353,741 23.79 6,781 0.46 11,348 0.76 − 29,036 − 1.95 1,487,006 AZ Arkansas 6 505,823 53.21 6 337,324 35.48 -- 99,132 10.43 1,261 0.13 7,113 0.75 168,499 17.72 950,653 AR California 54 5,121,325 46.01 54 3,630,574 32.61 -- 2,296,006 20.63 48,139 0.43 35,677 0.32 1,490,751 13.39 11,131,721 CA Colorado 8 629,681 40.13 8 562,850 35.87 -- 366,010 23.32 8,669 0.55 1,970 0.13 66,831 4.26 1,569,180 CO Connecticut 8 682,318 42.21 8 578,313 35.78 -- 348,771 21.58 5,391 0.33 1,539 0.10 104,005 6.43 1,616,332 CT Delaware 126,054 43.52 102,313 35.78 -- 59,213 20.45 935 0.32 1,105 0.38 23,741 8.20 289,620 DE D.C. 192,619 84.64 20,698 9.10 -- 9,681 4.25 467 0.21 4,107 1.80 171,921 75.55 227,572 DC Florida 25 2,072,698 39.00 -- 2,173,310 40.89 25 1,053,067 19.82 15,079 0.28 238 0.00 − 100,612 − 1.89 5,314,392 FL Georgia 13 1,008,966 43.47 13 995,252 42.88 -- 309,657 13.34 7,110 0.31 148 0.01 13,714 0.59 2,321,133 GA Hawaii 179,310 48.09 136,822 36.70 -- 53,003 14.22 1,119 0.30 2,588 0.69 42,488 11.40 372,842 HI Idaho 137,013 28.42 -- 202,645 42.03 130,395 27.05 1,167 0.24 10,894 2.26 − 65,632 − 13.61 482,114 ID Illinois 22 2,453,350 48.58 22 1,734,096 34.34 -- 840,515 16.64 9,218 0.18 12,978 0.26 719,254 14.24 5,050,157 IL Indiana 12 848,420 36.79 -- 989,375 42.91 12 455,934 19.77 7,936 0.34 4,206 0.18 − 140,955 − 6.11 2,305,871 IN Iowa 7 586,353 43.29 7 504,891 37.27 -- 253,468 18.71 1,076 0.08 8,819 0.65 81,462 6.01 1,354,607 IA Kansas 6 390,434 33.74 -- 449,951 38.88 6 312,358 26.99 4,314 0.37 199 0.02 − 59,517 − 5.14 1,157,256 KS Kentucky 8 665,104 44.55 8 617,178 41.34 -- 203,944 13.66 4,513 0.30 2,161 0.14 47,926 3.21 1,492,900 KY Louisiana 9 815,971 45.58 9 733,386 40.97 -- 211,478 11.81 3,155 0.18 26,027 1.45 82,585 4.61 1,790,017 LA Maine 263,420 38.77 206,504 30.39 -- 206,820 30.44 1,681 0.25 1,074 0.16 56,600 8.33 679,499 ME Maryland 10 988,571 49.80 10 707,094 35.62 -- 281,414 14.18 4,715 0.24 3,252 0.16 281,477 14.18 1,985,046 MD Massachusetts 12 1,318,662 47.54 12 805,049 29.03 -- 632,312 22.80 7,458 0.27 10,093 0.36 513,613 18.52 2,773,574 MA Michigan 18 1,871,182 43.77 18 1,554,940 36.38 -- 824,813 19.30 10,175 0.24 13,563 0.32 316,242 7.40 4,274,673 MI Minnesota 10 1,020,997 43.48 10 747,841 31.85 -- 562,506 23.96 3,374 0.14 13,230 0.56 273,156 11.63 2,347,948 MN Mississippi 7 400,258 40.77 -- 487,793 49.68 7 85,626 8.72 2,154 0.22 5,962 0.61 − 87,535 − 8.92 981,793 MS Missouri 11 1,053,873 44.07 11 811,159 33.92 -- 518,741 21.69 7,497 0.31 -- -- 242,714 10.15 2,391,270 MO Montana 154,507 37.63 144,207 35.12 -- 107,225 26.12 986 0.24 3,658 0.89 10,300 2.51 410,583 MT Nebraska 5 217,344 29.40 -- 344,346 46.58 5 174,687 23.63 1,344 0.18 1,562 0.21 − 127,002 − 17.18 739,283 NE Nevada 189,148 37.36 175,828 34.73 -- 132,580 26.19 1,835 0.36 6,927 1.37 13,320 2.63 506,318 NV New Hampshire 209,040 38.91 202,484 37.69 -- 121,337 22.59 3,548 0.66 806 0.15 6,556 1.22 537,215 NH New Jersey 15 1,436,206 42.95 15 1,356,865 40.58 -- 521,829 15.61 6,822 0.20 21,872 0.65 79,341 2.37 3,343,594 NJ New Mexico 5 261,617 45.90 5 212,824 37.34 -- 91,895 16.12 1,615 0.28 2,035 0.36 48,793 8.56 569,986 NM New York 33 3,444,450 49.73 33 2,346,649 33.88 -- 1,090,721 15.75 13,451 0.19 31,654 0.46 1,097,801 15.85 6,926,925 NY North Carolina 14 1,114,042 42.65 -- 1,134,661 43.44 14 357,864 13.70 5,171 0.20 112 0.00 − 20,619 − 0.79 2,611,850 NC North Dakota 99,168 32.18 -- 136,244 44.22 71,084 23.07 416 0.14 1,221 0.40 − 37,076 − 12.03 308,133 ND Ohio 21 1,984,942 40.18 21 1,894,310 38.35 -- 1,036,426 20.98 7,252 0.15 17,034 0.34 90,632 1.83 4,939,964 OH Oklahoma 8 473,066 34.02 -- 592,929 42.65 8 319,878 23.01 4,486 0.32 -- -- − 119,863 − 8.62 1,390,359 OK Oregon 7 621,314 42.48 7 475,757 32.53 -- 354,091 24.21 4,277 0.29 7,204 0.49 145,557 9.95 1,462,643 OR Pennsylvania 23 2,239,164 45.15 23 1,791,841 36.13 -- 902,667 18.20 21,477 0.43 4,661 0.09 447,323 9.02 4,959,810 PA Rhode Island 213,299 47.04 131,601 29.02 -- 105,045 23.16 571 0.13 2,961 0.65 81,698 18.02 453,477 RI South Carolina 8 479,514 39.88 -- 577,507 48.02 8 138,872 11.55 2,719 0.23 3,915 0.33 − 97,993 − 8.15 1,202,527 SC South Dakota 124,888 37.14 -- 136,718 40.66 73,295 21.80 814 0.24 539 0.16 − 11,830 − 3.52 336,254 SD Tennessee 11 933,521 47.08 11 841,300 42.43 -- 199,968 10.09 1,847 0.09 6,002 0.30 92,221 4.65 1,982,638 TN Texas 32 2,281,815 37.08 -- 2,496,071 40.56 32 1,354,781 22.01 19,699 0.32 1,652 0.03 − 214,256 − 3.48 6,154,018 TX Utah 5 183,429 24.65 -- 322,632 43.36 5 203,400 27.34 1,900 0.26 32,637 4.39 − 119,232 − 16.03 743,998 UT Vermont 133,592 46.11 88,122 30.42 -- 65,991 22.78 501 0.17 1,495 0.52 45,470 15.70 289,701 VT Virginia 13 1,038,650 40.59 -- 1,150,517 44.97 13 348,639 13.63 5,730 0.22 15,129 0.59 − 111,867 − 4.37 2,558,665 VA Washington 11 993,037 43.41 11 731,234 31.97 -- 541,780 23.68 7,533 0.33 13,981 0.61 261,803 11.44 2,287,565 WA West Virginia 5 331,001 48.41 5 241,974 35.39 -- 108,829 15.91 1,873 0.27 -- -- 89,027 13.02 683,677 WV Wisconsin 11 1,041,066 41.13 11 930,855 36.78 -- 544,479 21.51 2,877 0.11 11,837 0.47 110,211 4.35 2,531,114 WI Wyoming 68,160 34.10 -- 79,347 39.70 51,263 25.65 844 0.42 270 0.14 − 11,187 − 5.60 199,884 WY z ! TOTALS : 538 44,909,806 43.01 370 39,104,550 37.45 168 19,743,821 18.91 290,087 0.28 375,659 0.36 5,805,256 5.56 104,423,923 z ! US Close states States with margin of victory less than 1 % ( 27 electoral votes ) : Georgia -- 0.59 % North Carolina -- 0.79 % States with margin of victory less than 5 % ( 175 electoral votes ) : New Hampshire -- 1.22 % Ohio -- 1.83 % Florida -- 1.89 % Arizona -- 1.95 % New Jersey -- 2.37 % Montana -- 2.51 % Nevada -- 2.63 % Kentucky -- 3.21 % Texas -- 3.48 % South Dakota -- 3.52 % Colorado -- 4.26 % Wisconsin -- 4.35 % Virginia -- 4.37 % Louisiana -- 4.61 % Tennessee -- 4.65 % ( tipping point state ) States with margin of victory between 5 % and 10 % ( 131 electoral votes ) : Kansas -- 5.14 % Wyoming -- 5.60 % Iowa -- 6.02 % Indiana -- 6.12 % Connecticut -- 6.43 % Alabama -- 6.77 % Michigan -- 7.39 % South Carolina -- 8.14 % Delaware -- 8.19 % Maine -- 8.33 % New Mexico -- 8.56 % Oklahoma -- 8.63 % Mississippi -- 8.91 % Pennsylvania -- 9.02 % Alaska -- 9.17 % Oregon -- 9.95 % Source : New York Times President Map Voter demographics The Presidential Vote In Social Groups ( In Percentages ) % of 1992 total vote 3 - party vote 1992 Social group Clinton Bush Perot Clinton Dole Perot Total vote 43 37 19 49 41 8 Party and ideology Liberal Republicans 17 54 30 44 48 9 13 Moderate Republicans 15 63 21 20 72 7 21 Conservative Republicans 5 82 13 6 88 5 Liberal Independents 54 17 30 58 15 18 15 Moderate Independents 43 28 30 50 30 17 7 Conservative Independents 17 53 30 19 60 19 13 Liberal Democrats 85 5 11 89 5 20 Moderate Democrats 76 9 15 84 10 5 6 Conservative Democrats 61 23 16 69 23 7 Gender and marital status 33 Married men 38 42 21 40 48 10 33 Married women 41 40 19 48 43 7 15 Unmarried men 48 29 22 49 35 12 20 Unmarried women 53 31 15 62 28 7 Race 83 White 39 40 20 43 46 9 10 Black 83 10 7 84 12 5 Hispanic 61 25 14 72 21 6 Asian 31 55 15 43 48 8 Religion 46 White Protestant 33 47 21 36 53 10 29 Catholic 44 35 20 53 37 9 Jewish 80 11 9 78 16 17 Born Again, religious right 23 61 15 26 65 8 Age 17 18 -- 29 years old 43 34 22 53 34 10 33 30 -- 44 years old 41 38 21 48 41 9 26 45 -- 59 years old 41 40 19 48 41 9 24 60 and older 50 38 12 48 44 7 Education 6 Not a high school graduate 54 28 18 59 28 11 24 High school graduate 43 36 21 51 35 13 27 Some college education 41 37 21 48 40 10 26 College graduate 39 41 20 44 46 8 17 Post graduate education 50 36 14 52 40 5 Family income 11 Under $15,000 58 23 19 59 28 11 23 $15,000 -- 29,999 45 35 20 53 36 9 27 $30,000 -- 49,999 41 38 21 48 40 10 39 Over $50,000 39 44 17 44 48 7 18 Over $75,000 36 48 16 41 51 7 9 Over $100,000 -- -- -- 38 54 6 Region 23 East 47 35 18 55 34 9 26 Midwest 42 37 21 48 41 10 30 South 41 43 16 46.0 45.9 7.3 20 West 43 34 23 48 40 8 Community size 10 Population over 500,000 58 28 13 68 25 6 21 Population 50,000 to 500,000 50 33 16 50 39 8 39 Suburbs 41 39 21 47 42 8 30 Rural areas, towns 39 40 20 45 44 10 Source : Voter News Service exit poll, reported in The New York Times, November 10, 1996, 28. See also Chicken George `` Giant sucking sound '' `` It 's the economy, stupid '' `` Read my lips : no new taxes '' History of the United States ( 1991 -- present ) United States gubernatorial elections, 1992 United States Senate elections, 1992 United States House of Representatives elections, 1992 First inauguration of Bill Clinton References Jump up ^ `` Dave Leip 's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections ''. Uselectionatlas.org. Retrieved October 21, 2012. Jump up ^ `` US President -- R Primaries Race ''. Our Campaigns. 1 February 1992. Retrieved 2016 - 08 - 18. Jump up ^ Ifill, Gwen ( July 10, 1992 ), `` Clinton Selects Senator Gore Of Tennessee As Running Mate '', The New York Times Jump up ^ Al Gore, United States Senate ^ Jump up to : `` The 1992 Campaign : On the Trail ; Poll Gives Perot a Clear Lead '', The New York Times, June 11, 1992 Jump up ^ Berke, Richard L. ( October 26, 1992 ), `` The 1992 Campaign : The Overview ; Perot Says He Quit In July To Thwart G.O.P. ' Dirty Tricks ' '', The New York Times Jump up ^ Kolbert, Elizabeth ( February 18, 1992 ), `` In Nader 's Campaign, White House Is n't the Goal '', The New York Times Jump up ^ Toner, Robin ( March 3, 1992 ), `` Voters Are Unhappy With All the Choices '', The New York Times Jump up ^ Toner, Robin ( April 1, 1992 ), `` Clinton Dogged By Voter Doubt, Poll of U.S. Says '', The New York Times Jump up ^ Toner, Robin ( April 26, 1992 ), `` Poll Shows Perot Gaining Strength To Rival Clinton 's '', The New York Times Jump up ^ Toner, Robin ( June 23, 1992 ), `` Bush and Clinton Sag in Survey ; Perot 's Negative Rating Doubles '', The New York Times Jump up ^ `` Their Own Words ; Excerpts From Clinton 's and Gore 's Remarks on the Ticket '', The New York Times, July 10, 1992 Jump up ^ `` Captain Perot Jumps Ship '', The New York Times, July 17, 1992 Jump up ^ `` William J. Clinton : Address Accepting the Presidential Nomination at the Democratic National Convention in New York ''. Presidency.ucsb.edu. 1992 - 07 - 16. Retrieved 2016 - 08 - 18. Jump up ^ Apple, R.W., Jr. ( July 18, 1992 ), `` Poll Gives Clinton a Post-Perot, Post-Convention Boost '', The New York Times Jump up ^ Miller, Judith ( August 16, 1992 ), `` The Republicans : Can They Get It Together ? '', The New York Times Jump up ^ `` Bush Trails, to Varying Degrees, in 3 Polls '', The New York Times, August 17, 1992 Jump up ^ Clymer, Adam ( August 26, 1992 ), `` Bush 's Gains From Convention Nearly Evaporate in Latest Poll '', The New York Times Jump up ^ `` Clinton Takes 21 - Point Lead Over President in a New Poll '', The New York Times, September 22, 1992 Jump up ^ Toner, Robin ( September 30, 1992 ), `` Campaign Strategy ; 2 Camps Regard A Perot Revival With Less Fear '', The New York Times Jump up ^ Toner, Robin ( October 25, 1992 ), `` Contest Tightens As Perot Resurges And Clinton Slips '', The New York Times Jump up ^ Conason, Joe ( July / August 1992 ). `` Reason No. 1 Not To Vote For Bill Clinton : He Cheats on His Wife. '' Spy magazine. Jump up ^ Kurtz, Howard ( August 12, 1992 ). `` Clinton Angrily Denounces Report of Extramarital Affair as ' a Lie. ' '' The Washington Post. Jump up ^ Kornacki, Steve ( January 21, 2011 ). `` Why the ' good ' Iraq war was n't so good '' Archived January 26, 2011, at the Wayback Machine... Salon. Jump up ^ Topics at a Glance -- iPOLL summary results Jump up ^ Toner, Robin ( November 11, 1992 ), `` The Republicans ; Looking to the Future, Party Sifts Through Past '', The New York Times Jump up ^ Mitchell, Alison ( January 27, 1996 ). `` CLINTON 'S ADVISERS ; Sharp Split Over Issues : Economics Or Values ? ''. The New York Times. Jump up ^ Shapiro, Walter ( November 16, 1992 ). `` Baby - boomer Bill Clinton : A Generation Takes Power ''. Time. Jump up ^ `` THE 1992 ELECTIONS : DISAPPOINTMENT -- NEWS ANALYSIS An Eccentric but No Joke ; Perot 's Strong Showing Raises Questions On What Might Have Been, and Might Be ''. The New York Times. November 5, 1992. Jump up ^ Los Angeles Times. Los Angeles Times Exit Poll 1992, Nov, 1992 ( survey question ). USLAT. 92EXIT. QN. Los Angeles Times ( producer ). Storrs, CT : Roper Center for Public Opinion Research, iPOLL ( distributor ), accessed Jul - 20 - 2015. Jump up ^ ABC News, CBS News, CNN, NBC News. VRS Election Day Exit Poll 1992, Nov, 1992 ( survey question ). USVRS. 92EXIT. Q08. Voter Research & Surveys ( producer ). Storrs, CT : Roper Center for Public Opinion Research, iPOLL ( distributor ), accessed Jul - 20 - 2015. Jump up ^ `` Plurality Wins in the 1992 Presidential Race : Perot 's Contribution to Clinton 's Victory ''. Archive.fairvote.org. Retrieved 2016 - 08 - 18. Jump up ^ Schmalz, Jeffrey ( November 4, 1992 ), `` Clinton Carves a Path Deep Into Reagan Country '', The New York Times Jump up ^ 1992 Presidential Election -- What if Scenario Jump up ^ E.J. Dionne Jr. ( 1992 - 11 - 08 ). `` Perot Seen Not Affecting Vote Outcome ''. The Washington Post. Retrieved 2016 - 08 - 18. Jump up ^ AARON W. BROWN ( February 23, 2013 ). `` H. Ross Perot and George C. Wallace : Defining the Archetype of Third - party `` Success '' in Presidential Elections '' ( PDF ). Digitalcommons.northgeorgia.edu. Retrieved 2016 - 08 - 18. Jump up ^ Public Opinion Watch, archived from the original on August 23, 2009 Jump up ^ Mishel, Lawrence ; Teixeira, Ruy A. ( December 30, 1998 ), The Political Arithmetic of the NAFTA Vote ( PDF ), archived from the original ( PDF ) on November 28, 2008 Jump up ^ Critchlow, Donald T. ( 2004 ), Intended Consequences : Birth Control, Abortion, and the Federal Government in Modern America, New York : Oxford University Press, p. 221, ISBN 0 - 19 - 504657 - 9 Jump up ^ Abramowitz ( 1995 ) Jump up ^ `` Vermont Presidential Election Voting History ''. 270towin.com. Retrieved 2016 - 08 - 18. Jump up ^ `` Surprise Swing States ''. CBS News. February 11, 2009. Retrieved October 3, 2013. Jump up ^ `` 1992 Presidential General Election Data -- National ''. Uselectionatlas.org. Retrieved February 11, 2012. `` Outline of U.S. History : Chapter 15 : Bridge to the 21st century ''. Official web site of the U.S. Department of State. Archived from the original on December 14, 2005. Retrieved December 10, 2005. Bulk of article text as of January 9, 2003 copied from this page, when it was located at http://usinfo.state.gov/usa/infousa/facts/history/ch13.htm#1992 and titled `` An Outline of American History : Chapter 13 : Toward the 21st century ''. An archival version of this page is available at the Wayback Machine ( archived November 3, 2004 ) This page is in the public domain as a government publication. Further reading Abramowitz, Alan I. ( 1995 ), `` It 's Abortion, Stupid : Policy Voting in the 1992 Presidential Election '', Journal of Politics, Cambridge University Press, 57 ( 1 ) : 176 -- 186, doi : 10.2307 / 2960276, ISSN 0022 - 3816, JSTOR 2960276 Alexander, Herbert E. ; Corrado, Anthony ( 1995 ), Financing the 1992 Election, Armonk : Sharpe, ISBN 1 - 56324 - 437 - 3 Defrank, Thomas M. ; et al. ( 1994 ), Quest for the Presidency, 1992, College Station : Texas A&M University Press, ISBN 0 - 89096 - 644 - 3 De la Garza, Rodolfo O. ; Desipio, Louis ( 1996 ), Ethnic Ironies : Latino Politics in the 1992 Elections, Boulder : Westview, ISBN 0 - 8133 - 8910 - 0 Lacy, Dean ; Burden, Barry C. ( 1999 ), `` The Vote - Stealing and Turnout Effects of Ross Perot in the 1992 U.S. Presidential Election '', American Journal of Political Science, Midwest Political Science Association, 43 ( 1 ) : 233 -- 255, doi : 10.2307 / 2991792, JSTOR 2991792 Jones, Bryan D. ( 1995 ), The New American Politics : Reflections on Political Change and the Clinton Administration, Boulder : Westview, ISBN 0 - 8133 - 1972 - 2 O'Mara, Margaret. Pivotal Tuesdays : Four Elections That Shaped the Twentieth Century ( 2015 ), compares 1912, 1932, 1968, 1992 in terms of social, economic, and political history Steed, Robert P. ( 1994 ), The 1992 Presidential Election in the South : Current Patterns of Southern Party and Electoral Politics, Westport : Praeger, ISBN 0 - 275 - 94534 - 0 External links United States presidential election of 1992 at Encyclopædia Britannica The Election Wall 's 1992 Election Video Page 1992 popular vote by counties 1992 popular vote by state 1992 popular vote by states ( with bar graphs ) Presidential Campaign Commercials, C - SPAN Campaign commercials from the 1992 election Film footage of Gore speech on the election campaign trail on YouTube How close was the 1992 election ? at the Wayback Machine ( archived August 25, 2012 ) -- Michael Sheppard, Massachusetts Institute of Technology Booknotes interview with Tom Rosenstiel on Strange Bedfellows : How Television and the Presidential Candidates Changed American Politics, 1992, August 8, 1993. Election of 1992 in Counting the Votes ( 1988 ← ) United States presidential election, 1992 ( → 1996 ) Democratic Party Convention Primaries Nominee Bill Clinton ( campaign ) VP nominee Al Gore Candidates Larry Agran Jerry Brown Tom Harkin Bob Kerrey Lyndon LaRouche Tom Laughlin Eugene McCarthy Paul Tsongas Douglas Wilder Charles Woods Republican Party Convention Primaries Nominee George H.W. Bush VP nominee Dan Quayle Candidates Pat Buchanan David Duke Jack Fellure Isabell Masters Pat Paulsen Tennie Rogers Harold Stassen Independent Candidate Ross Perot ( campaign ) VP candidate James Stockdale Other independent and third party candidates Libertarian Party Convention Nominee Andre Marrou VP nominee Nancy Lord Natural Law Party Nominee John Hagelin VP nominee Mike Tompkins New Alliance Party Nominee Lenora Fulani VP nominee Maria Elizabeth Muñoz Prohibition Party Nominee Earl Dodge VP nominee George Ormsby Socialist Party USA Nominee J. Quinn Brisben VP nominee Barbara Garson Socialist Workers Party Nominee James Warren VP nominee Willie Mae Reid U.S. Taxpayers Party Convention Nominee Howard Phillips VP nominee Albion W. Knight, Jr. Workers World Party Nominee Gloria La Riva VP nominee Larry Holmes Independents and other candidates Ronald Daniels ( Running mate : Asiba Tupahache ) Bo Gritz Isabell Masters Other 1992 elections House Senate Gubernatorial State results of the 1992 U.S. presidential election Alabama Alaska Arizona Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Delaware District of Columbia Florida Georgia Hawaii Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New York North Carolina North Dakota Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Pennsylvania Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Texas Utah Vermont Virginia Washington West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming ( 1990 ← ) 1992 United States elections ( → 1994 ) President United States presidential election, 1992 U.S. Senate Alabama Alaska Arizona Arkansas California California ( special ) Colorado Connecticut Florida Georgia Hawaii Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maryland Missouri Nevada New Hampshire New York North Carolina North Dakota North Dakota ( special ) Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Pennsylvania South Carolina South Dakota Utah Vermont Washington Wisconsin U.S. House Alabama Alaska Arizona Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Delaware Florida Georgia Hawaii Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New York North Carolina North Dakota Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Pennsylvania Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Texas Utah Vermont Virginia Washington West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming Governors American Samoa Delaware Indiana Missouri Montana New Hampshire North Carolina North Dakota Puerto Rico Rhode Island Utah Vermont Washington West Virginia Mayors Baton Rouge, LA San Diego, CA States Alabama Alaska American Samoa Arizona Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Delaware Florida Georgia Guam Hawaii Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New York North Carolina North Dakota Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Pennsylvania Puerto Rico Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Texas United States Virgin Islands Utah Vermont Virginia Washington West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming United States presidential elections Elections by year 1788 -- 89 1792 1796 1800 1804 1808 1812 1816 1820 1824 1828 1832 1836 1840 1844 1848 1852 1856 1860 1864 1868 1872 1876 1880 1884 1888 1892 1896 1900 1904 1908 1912 1916 1920 1924 1928 1932 1936 1940 1944 1948 1952 1956 1960 1964 1968 1972 1976 1980 1984 1988 1992 2000 2008 2012 2016 2020 Elections by state Alabama Alaska Arizona Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Delaware Florida Georgia Hawaii Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New York North Carolina North Dakota Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Pennsylvania Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Texas Utah Vermont Virginia Washington Washington, D.C. 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Bush George W. Bush → Bill Clinton Category Al Gore 45th Vice President of the United States ( 1993 -- 2001 ) U.S. Senator from Tennessee ( 1985 -- 1993 ) U.S. Representative from Tennessee ( 1977 -- 1985 ) Born ( 1948 - 03 - 31 ) March 31, 1948 Politics Electoral history House elections, 1976 1978 1980 1982 Atari Democrat Senate elections, 1984 1990 Prevention of Genocide Act of 1988 1988 presidential campaign 1992 Democratic National Convention 1992 presidential election 1996 Democratic National Convention 1996 presidential election Vice presidency 2000 Democratic National Convention 2000 presidential election 2000 presidential campaign Bush v. 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Bush ( son presidency ) Jeb Bush ( son ) Neil Bush ( son ) Marvin P. Bush ( son ) Dorothy Bush Koch ( daughter ) Barbara Pierce Bush ( granddaughter ) Jenna Bush Hager ( granddaughter ) George P. Bush ( grandson ) Prescott Bush ( father ) Nancy Walker Bush Ellis ( sister ) Jonathan Bush ( brother ) William H.T. Bush ( brother ) Samuel P. Bush ( grandfather ) George Herbert Walker ( grandfather ) Millie ( family dog ) ← Ronald Reagan Bill Clinton → Book Category Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=United_States_presidential_election,_1992&oldid=842311668 '' Categories : United States presidential election, 1992 Al Gore Dan Quayle George H.W. 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Question: who was president of the usa in 1992
Answer: George H. W. Bush