Government of the Philippines - wikipedia Government of the Philippines Government of the Philippines Pamahalaan ng Pilipinas Formation 1898 ( official ) 1987 ( de jure ) Country Philippines Website gov.ph Legislative branch Legislature Congress Meeting place Batasang Pambansa Complex ( House of Representatives / Lower Chamber ) GSIS Building ( Senate / Upper Chamber ) Executive branch Leader President Appointment Election by popular vote Headquarters Malacañang Palace Main organ Cabinet Judicial branch Court Supreme Court Seat Manila Baguio City ( summer ) Philippines This article is part of a series on the politics and government of the Philippines Constitution Charter Change Laws and legal codes Legislature Congress Senate Senate President Aquilino Pimentel III House of Representatives Speaker Pantaleon Alvarez Districts Party - list representation Local legislatures ARMM Regional Legislative Assembly Provinces Cities Municipalities Barangays Executive President of the Philippines Rodrigo Duterte Vice President of the Philippines Leni Robredo Cabinet Executive departments Local government Judiciary Supreme Court Chief Justice Maria Lourdes Sereno Court of Appeals Court of Tax Appeals Sandiganbayan Ombudsman Regional Trial Courts Barangay justice Constitutional commissions Civil Service Commission Commission on Elections Commission on Audit Commission on Human Rights Elections Recent elections General : 2007 2013 2016 Political parties Lakas Liberal Nacionalista NPC NUP PDP -- Laban UNA Administrative divisions Capital Regions Provinces Cities Municipalities Barangays Poblacions Sitios Puroks Related topics Foreign relations Human rights Taxation Other countries Atlas The Government of the Philippines ( Filipino : Pamahalaan ng Pilipinas ) is the national government of the Philippines. It is governed as unitary state under a presidential representative and democratic and a constitutional republic where the President function as both the head of state and the head of government of the country within a pluriform multi-party system. The government has three interdependent branches : the legislative branch, the executive branch, and the judicial branch. The powers of the branches are vested by the Constitution of the Philippines in the following : Legislative power is vested in the two - chamber Congress of the Philippines -- the Senate is the upper chamber and the House of Representatives is the lower chamber. Executive power is exercised by the government under the leadership of the President. Judicial power is vested in the courts with the Supreme Court of the Philippines as the highest judicial body. Contents 1 Legislative Power 2 Executive Power 3 Judicial Power 4 Constitutional Commissions 5 Office of the Ombudsman 6 Local government 7 See also 8 References Legislative power The legislative power is vested in the Congress of the Philippines which consists of the Senate of the Philippines Senate and House of Representatives. The upper house is located in Pasay City, while the lower house is located in Quezon City. Both are in Metro Manila. The district and sectoral representatives are elected for a term of three years. They can be re-elected but they may not run for a fourth consecutive term. Senators are elected to a term of six years. They can be re-elected but may not run for a third consecutive term. The House of Representatives may opt to pass for a vacancy of a legislative seat, which leads to a special election. The winner of the special election will serve the unfinished term of the previous district representative, and will be considered as one elective term. The same rule also applies in the Senate, however it only applies if the seat was vacated before a regular legislative election. The current President of the Senate is Aquilino Pimentel III, while the current Speaker of the House of Representatives is Pantaleon Alvarez. Legislative Power : National Government Senate House of Representatives Local Government Sangguniang Panlalawigan Regional Legislative Assembly Sangguniang Panlungsod Sangguniang Bayan Sangguniang Barangay Executive power The executive power is vested in the President of the Philippines. The President is elected by popular vote. The principal workplace of the President is the Malacañang Palace in San Miguel, Manila. The executive branch is currently headed by President Rodrigo Duterte. The President is also the Commander - in - Chief of the Armed Forces of the Philippines, The second highest official is elected separately from the President by popular vote. The Vice President is first in line to succession if the President resigns, is impeached or dies. The Vice President is usually, though not always, a member of the president 's cabinet. If there is a vacancy in the position of vice-president, the President will appoint any member of Congress ( usually a party member ) as the new Vice President. The appointment must then be validated by a three - fourths vote of the Congress. Executive leadership : National government President Vice-President Cabinet Secretaries Local government Provincial / Regional Governor Provincial / Regional Vice-Governor City / Municipal Mayor City / Municipal Vice-Mayor Barangay Captain / Barangay Chairman Judicial power The judicial power is vested in the Supreme Court of the Philippines and lower courts established by law. The Supreme Court, which has a Chief Justice as its head and 14 Associate Justices, occupies the highest tier of the judiciary. The justices serve until the age of 70. The justices are appointed by the president on the recommendation of the Judicial and Bar Council of the Philippines. The sitting Chief Justice is Maria Lourdes Sereno, the 24th to serve in that position... Other court types of courts, of varying jurisdiction around the archipelago, are the : Lower Collegiate Courts : Court of Appeals Court of Tax Appeals Sandiganbayan Regular Courts : Regional Trial Courts Municipal Circuit Trial Courts Muslim Courts Sharia District Courts Sharia Circuit Courts yessy Constitutional commissions Article 9 of the Constitution of the Philippines establishes three constitutional commissions : the Civil Service Commission, the Commission on Elections, and the Commission on Audit. Office of the Ombudsman See also : Corruption in the Philippines The government and all three of its branches are independently monitored by the office of the Ombudsman ( Filipino : Tanodbayan ). The Ombudsman is given the mandate to investigate and prosecute any government official allegedly guilty of crimes, especially Graft and Corruption. The Ombudsman is assisted by six deputies : the Overall Deputy, the Deputy for Luzon, the Deputy for Visayas, the Deputy for Mindanao, the Deputy for the Armed Forces, and the Special Prosecutor. Local government Main article : Administrative divisions of the Philippines Local government hierarchy. The dashed lines emanating from the president means that the President only exercises general supervision on local government. The Philippines has four main classes of elected administrative divisions, often lumped together as local government units ( LGUs ). They are, from the highest to the lowest division : Autonomous regions Provinces ( lalawigan, probinsiya, kapuoran ) and independent cities ( lungsod, siyudad / ciudad, dakbayan, dakbanwa, lakanbalen ) Municipalities ( bayan, balen, bungto, banwa ) and component cities ( lungsod, siyudad / ciudad, dakbayan, dakbanwa, lakanbalen ) Barangays ( also known as barrio ) Beyond these, the national government groups provinces and independent cities into regions, e.g. Metro Manila or Region VI. The President has the prerogative to create, abolish and determine the composition of regions, which is done so most often in consultation with the local government units affected, with the exception of autonomous regions, where the residents of the local government units have to ratify in a plebiscite their inclusion in such a setup. See also Congress of the Philippines Senate of the Philippines House of Representatives of the Philippines President of the Philippines Executive departments of the Philippines Administrative divisions of the Philippines Supreme Court of the Philippine References Jump up ^ Exec. Order No. 1987 - 292 Book II Chapter 1 Section 1 ( 25 July 1987 ; in English ) President of the Philippines. Retrieved on 21 November 2015. Jump up ^ Philippine Government Jump up ^ Redden, R.K. 1984. Modern Legal System Cyclopedia - Asia Chapter 7 ( b ) `` The legal system of the Philippines '' W.B. Hein, Buffalo NY Philippines articles History Timeline Prehistory ( Pre-900 ) Archaic Era ( 900 -- 1521 ) Colonial era ( 1521 -- 1946 ) Spanish period ( 1521 -- 1898 ) American period ( 1898 -- 1946 ) Postcolonial era ( 1946 -- 1986 ) Third Republic ( 1946 -- 65 ) Marcos dictatorship ( 1965 -- 86 ) Contemporary history ( 1986 -- present ) By topic Archaeology Demographic Discoveries Economic history Inventions Military Geography Bays Biosphere reserves Climate Earthquakes Ecoregions Environmental issues Extreme points Island groups islands Lakes Landmarks Mountains National parks Protected areas Ramsar sites Rivers Volcanoes Wildlife World Heritage Sites Politics Government Executive President Executive Office Cabinet Civil service National Police Legislature Congress Senate Senate President President pro tem House of Representatives Speaker Judiciary Supreme Court Judiciary Court of Appeals Law Constitution Philippine legal codes Human rights Intelligence National Bureau of Investigation National Counter-Terrorism Action Group National Intelligence Coordinating Agency Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency Uniformed Armed Forces of the Philippines Philippine Air Force Philippine Army Philippine Navy Philippine Marine Corps Philippine Coast Guard Administrative divisions Elections Foreign relations Political parties Economy Agriculture Business process outsourcing Central Bank Energy Fiscal policy National debt Labor Peso Stock Exchange Taxation Telecommunications Tourism Transportation Science and technology Water and Sanitation Society Corruption Crime Demographics Education Ethnic groups Health Income inequality Languages Poverty Provinces by HDI Refugees Religion Women Culture Architecture Art Cinema Cuisine Cultural Properties Dance Fashion and clothing Festivals Historical Markers Literature Media Music Mythology Public holidays Psychology Sexuality Sports Traditional games Value system Symbols Anthem Coat of arms Arnis Flag Name Narra Philippine eagle Sampaguita Philippines portal Government of Asia Sovereign states Afghanistan Armenia Azerbaijan Bahrain Bangladesh Bhutan Brunei Cambodia China Cyprus East Timor ( Timor - Leste ) Egypt Georgia India Indonesia Iran Iraq Israel Japan Jordan Kazakhstan North Korea South Korea Kuwait Kyrgyzstan Laos Lebanon Malaysia Maldives Mongolia Myanmar Nepal Oman Pakistan Philippines Qatar Russia Saudi Arabia Singapore Sri Lanka Syria Tajikistan Thailand Turkey Turkmenistan United Arab Emirates Uzbekistan Vietnam Yemen States with limited recognition Abkhazia Artsakh Northern Cyprus Palestine South Ossetia Taiwan Dependencies and other territories British Indian Ocean Territory Christmas Island Cocos ( Keeling ) Islands Hong Kong Macau Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Government_of_the_Philippines&oldid=813936716 '' Categories : Government of the Philippines Hidden categories : Use dmy dates from July 2013 Articles containing Filipino - language text Talk Contents About Wikipedia Languages Ilokano Русский Tiếng Việt 中文 Edit links This page was last edited on 6 December 2017, at 01 : 05. 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Question: 3 main branches of government in the philippines
Answer: the legislative branch