The Last of the Mohicans - wikipedia The Last of the Mohicans This article is about the novel. For other uses, see The Last of the Mohicans ( disambiguation ). The Last of the Mohicans Illustration from 1896 edition, by F.T. Merrill. The drawing depicts Hawk - eye ( disguised as a bear ) fighting Magua in the cave where Alice is held captive. Author James Fenimore Cooper Country United States Language English Series Leatherstocking Tales Genre Historical novel Publisher H.C. Carey & I. Lea Publication date February 1826 Dewey Decimal 813.2 Preceded by The Pioneers ( 1823 ) Followed by The Prairie ( 1827 ) The Last of the Mohicans : A Narrative of 1757 ( 1826 ) is a historical novel by James Fenimore Cooper. It is the second book of the Leatherstocking Tales pentalogy and the best known to contemporary audiences. The Pathfinder, published 14 years later in 1840, is its sequel. The Last of the Mohicans is set in 1757, during the French and Indian War ( the Seven Years ' War ), when France and Great Britain battled for control of North America. During this war, both the French and the British used Native American allies, but the French were particularly dependent, as they were outnumbered in the Northeast frontier areas by the more numerous British colonists. The novel is set primarily in the upper New York wilderness, detailing the transport of the two daughters of Colonel Munro, Alice and Cora, to a safe destination at Fort William Henry. Among the caravan guarding the women are the frontiersman Natty Bumppo, Major Duncan Heyward, and the Indians Chingachgook and Uncas, the former of whom is the novel 's title character. These characters are sometimes seen as a microcosm of the budding American society, particularly with regard to their racial composition. The novel has been one of the most popular English - language novels since its publication and is frequently assigned reading in American literature courses. It has been adapted numerous times and in many languages for films, TV movies and cartoons. Contents 1 Historical background 2 Plot summary 3 Characters 4 Development 5 Critical reception 6 Legacy 7 Adaptations 7.1 Films 7.2 Radio 7.3 TV 7.4 Opera 7.5 Comics 8 See also 9 Notes 10 Further reading 11 External links Historical background This section needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. ( June 2014 ) At the time of Cooper 's writing, many people believed that the Native Americans were disappearing, and would ultimately be assimilated or fail to survive. Especially in the East, their numbers continued to decline. At the same time, the author was interested in the period of the frontier of transition, when more colonists were increasing pressure on the Native Americans. He grew up in Cooperstown, New York, which his father had established on what was then a western frontier of settlement ; it developed after the Revolutionary War. Cooper set this novel during the Seven Years ' War, an international conflict between Great Britain and France, which had a front in North America known by the Anglo - American colonists as the French and Indian War. The conflict arrayed British colonial settlers and minimal regular forces against royal French forces, with both sides also relying on Native American allies. The war was fought primarily along the frontiers of the British colonies from Virginia to Nova Scotia. In the spring of 1757, Lieutenant Colonel George Monro became garrison commander of Fort William Henry, located on Lake George ( New York ) in the Province of New York. In early August, Major General Louis - Joseph de Montcalm and 7,000 troops besieged the fort. On 2 August General Webb, who commanded the area from his base at Fort Edward, sent 200 regulars and 800 Massachusetts militia to reinforce the garrison at William Henry. In the novel, this is the relief column with which Monro 's daughters travel. Monro sent messengers south to Fort Edward on 3 August requesting reinforcements, but Webb refused to send any of his estimated 1,600 men north because they were all that stood between the French and Albany. He wrote to Munro on 4 August that he should negotiate the best terms possible ; this communication was intercepted and delivered to Montcalm. In Cooper 's version, the missive was being carried by Bumppo when he, and it, fell into French hands. On 7 August Montcalm sent men to the fort under a truce flag to deliver Webb 's dispatch. By then the fort 's walls had been breached, many of its guns were useless, and the garrison had taken significant casualties. After another day of bombardment by the French, Monro raised the white flag and agreed to withdraw under parle. When the withdrawal began, some of Montcalm 's Indian allies, angered at the lost opportunity for loot, attacked the British column. Cooper 's account of the attack and aftermath is lurid and somewhat inaccurate. A detailed reconstruction of the action and its aftermath indicates that the final tally of British missing and dead ranges from 70 to 184 ; more than 500 British were taken captive. Plot summary Thomas Cole, Cora Kneeling at the Feet of Tamenund, 1827 Cora and Alice Munro, daughters of Lieutenant Colonel Munro, are traveling with Major Duncan Heyward from Fort Edward to Fort William Henry, where Munro is in command, and acquire another companion in David Gamut, a naive singing teacher. They are guided through the forest by a native named Magua, who leads them through a shortcut unaccompanied by the British militia. Heyward is dissatisfied with Magua 's shortcut, and the party roam unguided and finally join Natty Bumppo ( known as Hawk - eye ), a scout for the British, and his two Mohican friends, Chingachgook and his son Uncas. Heyward becomes suspicious of Magua, and Hawk - eye and the Mohicans agree with his suspicion, that Magua is a Huron scout secretly allied with the French. Upon discovery as such, Magua escapes, and in the ( correct ) belief that Magua will return with Huron reinforcements, Hawk - eye and the Mohicans lead their new companions to a hidden cave on an island in a river. They are attacked there by the Hurons, and when ammunition is exhausted, Hawk - eye and the Mohicans escape, with a promise to return for their companions. Magua and the Hurons capture Heyward, Gamut, and the Munro sisters, and Magua admits that he is seeking revenge against Cora 's father Colonel Munro for turning him into an alcoholic with whiskey ( causing him to be initially cast out of the Hurons ) and then whipping him at a post for drunken behavior. He then offers to spare the party if Cora becomes his wife, but she refuses. Upon a second refusal, he sentences the prisoners to death. Hawk - eye and the Mohicans rescue all four, and lead them to a dilapidated building that was involved with a battle between the Indians and the British some years ago. They are nearly attacked again, but the Hurons leave the area, rather than disturb the graves of their own fellow - countrymen. The next day, Hawk - eye leads the party to Fort Henry, past a siege by the French army. Munro sends Hawk - eye to Fort Edward for reinforcements ; but he is captured by the French, who deliver him to Fort Henry without the letter. Heyward returns to Colonel Munro and announces his love for Alice, and Munro gives his permission for Heyward 's courtship. The French general, Montcalm, invites Munro to a parley, and shows him General Webb 's letter, in which the British general has refused reinforcements. At this, Munro agrees to Montcalm 's terms that the British soldiers, together with their wounded, women, and children, must leave the fort and withdraw from the war for eighteen months. Outside the fort, the column of British prisoners is attacked by 2000 Huron warriors ; in the ensuing massacre, Magua kidnaps Cora and Alice, and he leads them toward the Huron village. David Gamut follows them. After the massacre, Hawk - eye, the Mohicans, Heyward, and Colonel Munro head into the ruins of the fort to plan their next move. The next morning they set out to follow Magua, and cross a lake to intercept his trail. They encounter a band of Hurons by the lakeshore who spot the travelers. A canoe chase ensues, in which the rescuers reach land before the Hurons can kill them, and eventually follow Magua to the Huron village. Here, they find Gamut ( earlier spared by the Hurons as a harmless madman ), who says that Alice is held in this village, and Cora in one belonging to the Lenape ( Delaware ). Disguised as a French medicine man, Heyward enters the Huron village with Gamut, to rescue Alice ; Hawk - eye and Uncas set out to rescue Cora, and Munro and Chingachgook remain in safety. Uncas is taken prisoner by the Hurons, and left to starve when he withstands torture, and Heyward fails to find Alice. A Huron warrior asks Heyward to heal his lunatic wife, and both are stalked by Hawk - eye in the guise of a bear. They enter a cave where the madwoman is kept, and the warrior leaves. Soon after revelation of his identity to Heyward, Hawk - eye accompanies him, and they find Alice. They are discovered by Magua ; but Hawk - eye overpowers him, and they leave him tied to a wall. Thereafter Heyward escapes with Alice, while Hawk - eye remains to save Uncas. Gamut convinces a Huron to allow him and his magical bear ( Hawk - eye in disguise ) to approach Uncas, and they untie him. Uncas dons the bear disguise, Hawk - eye wears Gamut 's clothes, and Gamut stays in a corner mimicking Uncas. Uncas and Hawk - eye escape by traveling to the Delaware village where Cora is held, just as the Hurons suspect something is amiss and find Magua tied up in the cave. Magua tells his tribe the full story behind Heyward and Hawkeye 's deceit before assuming leadership of the Hurons as they vow revenge. Uncas and Hawk - eye are being held prisoner with Alice, Cora, and Heyward at the Delaware village when Magua visits the Delaware tribe and demands the return of his prisoners. During the ensuing council meeting, Uncas is revealed to be a Mohican, a once - dominant tribe closely related to the Delawares. Tamenund, the sage of the Delawares, sides with Uncas and frees the prisoners, except for Cora, whom he awards to Magua according to tribal custom. To satisfy laws of hospitality, Tamenund gives Magua a three - hour head start before pursuit. While the Delawares are using that time preparing for battle, David Gamut escapes and tells his companions that Magua has positioned his men in the woods between the Huron and Delaware villages. Undeterred, Uncas, Hawkeye, and the Delawares march into the woods to fight the Hurons. The Delawares vanquish the Hurons in a bloody battle and ultimately capture the Huron village, but Magua escapes with Cora and two other Hurons ; Uncas, Hawk - eye, and Heyward pursue them up to a high mountain. In a fight at the edge of a cliff, Cora, Uncas, and Magua are killed. The novel concludes with a lengthy account of the funerals of Uncas and Cora, and Hawk - eye reaffirms his friendship with Chingachgook. Tamenund prophesies : `` The pale - faces are masters of the earth, and the time of the red - men has not yet come again... ''. Characters Chingachgook ( usually pronounced chin - GATCH - gook ) : last chief of the Mohican tribe, escort to the Munro sisters. Father to Uncas, and after his death, the eponymous `` Last of the Mohicans ''. His name was a Unami Delaware word meaning `` Big Snake. '' Uncas -- the son of Chingachgook and called by him `` Last of the Mohicans '', as there were no pure - blooded Mohican women for him to marry. He is also known as `` Le Cerf Agile '', the Bounding Elk. Nathaniel Bumppo / Hawk - eye : Oeil de Faucon ; a frontiersman who becomes an escort to the Munro sisters. Known to the Indians and the French as La longue carabine for his marksmanship and signature weapon. Magua ( ma - gwah ) -- the villain : a Huron chief driven from his tribe for drunkenness ; known as Le Renard Subtil ( `` Sly Fox. '' ). Cora Munro : a dark - haired daughter of Colonel Munro ; serious, intelligent, and calm in the face of danger. Her mother, whom Munro met and married in the West Indies, was a mulatto or mixed - race woman, described as `` descended, remotely '' from slaves. Scholars have sometimes termed Cora a quadroon, but Cooper may have imagined her with even less African ancestry. Diane Roberts described Cora as `` the first tragic mulatta in American literature. '' Cora 's mother died when she was young. Alice Munro : Cora 's blonde half - sister ; cheerful, playful, frail, and charming. She is the daughter of Alice Graham, Munro 's second wife. Colonel Munro : a British army colonel in command of Fort William Henry. Duncan Heyward -- a British army major from Virginia who falls in love with Alice Munro. David Gamut : a psalmodist ( teacher of psalm singing ), known as `` the singing master. '' General Daniel Webb -- Colonel Munro 's commanding officer, who takes command at Fort Edward. General Marquis de Montcalm -- the French commander - in - chief, called by the Huron and other Indian allies of the French as `` The great white father of the Canadas. '' Tamenund -- An ancient, wise, and revered Delaware ( Lenape ) sage, who has outlived three generations of warriors. Development According to Susan Fenimore Cooper, the author 's eldest daughter, Cooper first conceived the idea for the book while visiting the Adirondack Mountains in 1825 with a party of English gentlemen. The party passed through the Catskills, an area with which Cooper was already familiar, and about which he had written in his first novel featuring Natty : The Pioneers. They passed on to Lake George and Glens Falls. Impressed with the caves behind the falls, one member of the party suggested that `` here was the very scene for a romance. '' Susan Cooper says that Edward Smith - Stanley, 14th Earl of Derby, made this remark. Cooper promised Stanley `` that a book should actually be written, in which these caves should have a place ; the, idea of a romance essentially Indian in character then first suggesting itself to his mind. '' Cooper began work on the novel immediately. He and his family stayed for the summer in a cottage belonging to a friend, situated on the Long Island shore of the Sound, opposite Blackwell 's Island, not far from Hallett 's Cove ( the area is now part of Astoria ). He wrote quickly and completed the novel in the space of three or four months. He suffered a serious illness thought to have been brought on by sunstroke and, at one point, he dictated the outline of the fight between Magua and Chingachgook ( 12th chapter ), to his wife, who thought that he was delirious. In the novel, Hawkeye refers to Lake George as the Horican. Cooper felt that Lake George was too plain, while the French name, Le Lac du St. Sacrement, was `` too complicated ''. Horican he found on an old map of the area ; it was a French transliteration of a native group who had once lived in the area. Cooper grew up in Cooperstown, New York, the frontier town founded by his father. His daughter said that as a young man he had few opportunities to meet and talk with Native Americans : `` occasionally some small party of the Oneidas, or other representatives of the Five Nations, had crossed his path in the valley of the Susquehanna River, or on the shores of Lake Ontario, where he served when a midshipman in the navy. '' He read what sources were available at the time -- Heckewelder, Charlevoix, William Penn, Smith, Elliot, Colden, Lang, Lewis and Clark, and Mackenzie. By using the name Uncas for one of his characters, he seemed to confuse the two regional tribes : the Mohegan of Connecticut, of which Uncas had been a well - known sachem, and the Mahican of upstate New York. The popularity of Cooper 's book helped spread the confusion. In the period when Cooper was writing, deputations from the Western tribes frequently traveled through the region along the Mohawk River, on their way to New York or Washington, DC. He made a point of visiting these parties as they passed through Albany and New York. On several occasions, he followed them all the way to Washington to observe them for longer. He also talked to the military officers and interpreters who accompanied them. Critical reception This section may be unbalanced towards certain viewpoints. Please improve the article by adding information on neglected viewpoints, or discuss the issue on the talk page. ( January 2012 ) The novel was first published in 1826 by Carey & Lea, of Philadelphia. According to Susan Cooper, its success was `` greater than that of any previous book from the same pen '' and `` in Europe the book produced quite a startling effect. '' Cooper 's novels were popular, but reviewers were often critical, or dismissive. For example, the reviewer of the London Magazine ( May 1826 ) described the novel as `` clearly by much the worst of Mr Cooper 's performances. '' Mark Twain notably derided the author in his essay `` Fenimore Cooper 's Literary Offenses, '' published in North American Review ( July 1895 ). Twain complained that Cooper lacked a variety of style and was overly wordy. In the essay, Twain re-writes a small section of The Last of the Mohicans, claiming that Cooper, `` the generous spendthrift '', used 100 `` extra and unnecessary words '' in the original version. Re-reading the book in his later years, Cooper noted some inconsistencies of plot and characterization, particularly the character of Munro. But, he wrote that in general, `` the book must needs have some interest for the reader, since it could amuse even the writer, who had in a great measure forgotten the details of his own work. '' The book has been considered to be the first Great American Novel. Legacy The Last of the Mohicans has been James Fenimore Cooper 's most popular work. It has continued as one of the most widely read novels throughout the world, and it has influenced popular opinion about American Indians and the frontier period of eastern American history. The romanticized images of the strong, fearless, and ever resourceful frontiersman ( i.e., Natty Bumppo ), as well as the stoic, wise, and noble `` red man '' ( i.e., Chingachgook ) were notions derived from Cooper 's characterizations more than from anywhere else. The phrase, `` the last of the Mohicans, '' has come to represent the sole survivor of a noble race or type. Adaptations Films A number of films have been based on the lengthy book, making various cuts, compressions, and changes. The American adaptations include : a 1912 version starring James Cruze, The Last of the Mohicans ( 1920 ), starring Wallace Beery ; The Last of the Mohicans ( 1932 ), a serial version starring Harry Carey ; The Last of the Mohicans ( 1936 ) starring Randolph Scott and Bruce Cabot ; Last of the Redmen ( 1947 ) starring Jon Hall and Michael O'Shea ; The Iroquois Trail ( 1950 ) starring George Montgomery Fall of the Mohicans ( 1965 ) starring Jack Taylor, José Marco ( José Joandó Roselló ), Luis Induni and Daniel Martin ; The Last of the Mohicans ( 1968 ) The Last of the Mohicans ( 1992 ), starring Daniel Day - Lewis. The 1920 film has been deemed `` culturally significant '' by the Library of Congress and selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry. According to the director Michael Mann, his 1992 version was based more on the 1936 film version. Mann believes Cooper 's novel is `` not a very good book, '' taking issue with Cooper 's sympathy for the Euro - Americans and their seizure of the American Indians ' domain. In Germany, Der Letzte der Mohikaner, with Béla Lugosi as Chingachgook, was the second part of the two - part Lederstrumpf film released in 1920. Der letzte Mohikaner directed by Harald Reinl was a 1965 West German / Italian / Spanish co-production setting elements of the story in the post American Civil War era. Based on the same series of the novels, Chingachgook die große Schlange ( Chingachgook the Great Serpent ), starring Gojko Mitic as Chingachgook, appeared in East Germany in 1967, and became popular throughout the Eastern Bloc. Radio The Last of the Mohicans was adapted for radio in two one - hour episodes directed by Michael Fox and broadcast on BBC Radio 4 in 1995 ( subsequently on BBC Radio 7 ), with Michael Fiest, Philip Franks, Helen McCrory and Naomi Radcliffe. TV From 2004 - 2007, the RAI made an animated TV series, Last of the Mohicans with Ted Russof as Uncas, Katie McGovern as Cora, and Flaminia Fegarotti as Alice. There was a Canadian TV series, Hawkeye and the Last of the Mohicans in 1957 with John Hart as Hawkeye and Lon Chaney, Jr. as Chingachgook. The BBC made a TV serial of the book in 1971, with Philip Madoc as Magua, Kenneth Ives as Hawkeye and John Abineri as Chingachgook, which some critics believe to be the most faithful and the best adaptation. In a 1977 American made - for - TV movie, Steve Forrest starred as Hawkeye with Ned Romero as Chingachgook and Don Shanks as Uncas. Opera Classics Illustrated, The Last of the Mohicans Issue # 4. In 1977, Lake George Opera presented an opera version The Last of the Mohicans by composer Alva Henderson. Comics Classic Comics # 4, The Last of the Mohicans, first published 1942. Marvel Comics has published two versions of the story : in 1976 a one - issue version as part of their Marvel Classics Comics series ( issue # 13 ). In 2007, they published a six - issue mini-series to start off the new Marvel Illustrated series. Famed manga artist Shigeru Sugiura wrote and illustrated a very loose manga adaptation of the story in 1952 - 3 ( remade in 1973 - 4 ). This adaptation is heavily influenced by American movies and western comics and is filled with absurd humor and anachronistic jokes. An English translation of Sugiura 's 1973 - 4 version including a lengthy essay on Sugiura 's artistic influences was published in the United States in 2013. See also Novels portal France in the Seven Years ' War George Washington in the French and Indian War Great Britain in the Seven Years ' War Notes Jump up ^ Last of the Mohicans, The. In : Merriam - Webster 's Encyclopedia of Literature. Merriam - Webster, 1995, ISBN 0877790426, p. 661 Jump up ^ Cf. the Leatherstocking Tales for a chart showing both the chronological order and the order of publication of the five novels. Jump up ^ New Ideas of Race : The Last of the Mohicans. In : Fiona J. Stafford : The Last of the Race : The Growth of a Myth from Milton to Darwin... Oxford Scholarship, 1994 Jump up ^ Last of the Mohicans. In : Martin J. Manning ( ed. ), Clarence R. Wyatt ( ed. ) : Encyclopedia of Media and Propaganda in Wartime America. Volume I... ABC - CLIO, 2011, ISBN 9781598842289, pp. 75 - 76 Jump up ^ Steele, Ian K ( 1990 ). Betrayals : Fort William Henry & the ' Massacre. New York : Oxford University Press. p. 144. ISBN 978 - 0 - 19 - 505893 - 2. ( page 144 at Google Books ). Jump up ^ `` Cooper 's Indians : A Critique ''. Jump up ^ University of Houston study guide, Quote : `` Uncas will be the last pure - blooded Mohican because there are no pure - blooded Mohican women for him to marry. '' Jump up ^ Urdang, p. 875 Jump up ^ Last of the Mohicans ( 2005 Signet Classics edition ), Chapter XVI, pg. 193 Jump up ^ Diane Roberts, The Myth of Aunt Jemima, Routledge 1994 p. 173. Jump up ^ ( from Chapter XVI in James Fenimore Cooper, Works of J. Fenimore Cooper, 10 vols., ( New York : P.F. Collier, Pub., 1892 ) 2 : 95 ). Jump up ^ Walker, Warren S. `` Plots and Characters in the Fiction of James Fenimore Cooper ''. Originally published in Warren S. Walker, Plots and Characters in the Fiction of James Fenimore Cooper ( Hamden, CT : Archon Books, 1978 ), pp. 86 -- 92. James Fenimore Cooper Society. Retrieved 6 September 2010. ^ Jump up to : Cooper, Susan Fenimore ( 1861 ). Pages and Pictures from the Writings of James Fenimore Cooper. W.A. Townsend and Co. pp. 121 -- 131. ^ Jump up to : Cooper, Susan Fenimore ( 1876 -- 1884 ). Household Edition of the Works of J. Fenimore Cooper. Houghton, Mifflin and Co. p. xi -- xliv. Retrieved 11 September 2010. Jump up ^ Cooper, James Fenimore ( 1850 ). The Last of the Mohicans. pp. Introduction p8. Jump up ^ Uncas In : Spencer Tucker, James R. Arnold, Roberta Wiener : The Encyclopedia of North American Indian Wars, 1607 -- 1890. ABC - CLIO, 2011, ISBN 9781851096978, p. 809 Jump up ^ Uncas In : Jonathan Smith : Indian Tribes of the New England Frontier. Osprey, 2006, ISBN 9781841769370, p. 42 Jump up ^ George Dekker and John P McWilliams ( 1973 ). Fenimore Cooper -- the critical reception. Routledge. p. 83. Jump up ^ Cooper, James ( 2009 ). Paul Gutjahr, ed. The Last of the Mohicans. Peterborough : Broadview Press. p. 447. ISBN 978 - 1 - 55111 - 866 - 6. Jump up ^ Italie, Hillel. `` '' Last of the Mohicans '' was first great American novel ``. Retrieved October 14, 2015. Jump up ^ `` James Fenimore Cooper '', Mohican Press Jump up ^ ELIZABETH KNOWLES. `` Mohican '', The Oxford Dictionary of Phrase and Fable, 2006. Retrieved December 29, 2011 Jump up ^ Tapley, Kristopher ( May 12, 2012 ). `` Michael Mann looks back on ' The Last of the Mohicans ' 20 years later ''. HitFix. Jump up ^ `` Opera Saratoga ''. Jump up ^ Neil Summers. `` LAST OF THE MOHICANS By Shigeru Sugiura ''. Further reading H. Daniel Peck ( ed. ) : New Essays on The last of the Mohicans. Cambridge University Press 1992, ISBN 0 - 521 - 37771 - 4 Martin Barker, Roger Sabin : The Lasting of the Mohicans. University Press of Mississippi 1995, ISBN 0 - 87805 - 858 - 3 George Dekker ( ed. ), John P. Williams ( ed. ) : James Fenimore Cooper : The Critical Heritage. Routledge 1997, ISBN 0 - 415 - 15928 - 8, pp. 87 -- 114 Craig White : Student Companion to James Fenimore Cooper. Greenwood Publishing 2006, ISBN 0 - 313 - 33413 - 7, pp. 101 -- 124 Donald A. Ringe : `` Mode and Meaning in ' The Last of the Mohicans ' '', In W.M. Verhoeven ( ed. ) : James Fenimore Cooper : New Historical and Literary Contexts. Rodopi 1993, ISBN 90 - 5183 - 333 - 4, pp. 109 -- 124 ( excerpt at Google Books ) `` The Last of the Mohicans. '' Literary Themes for Students. 2006. HighBeam Research. ( June 17, 2014 ). http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G2-3451000039.html Thomas Philbrick : The Last of the Mohicans and the Sounds of Discord. American Literature, Vol. 43, No. 1 ( Mar., 1971 ), pp. 25 -- 41 ( JSTOR ) Melissa McFarland Pennell : Masterpieces of American Romantic Literature. Greenwood, 2006, ISBN 9780313331411, pp. 9 -- 27 ( excerpt at Google Books ) Frank Bergmann : The Meanings of Indians and Their Land in Cooper 's The Last of the Mohicans. In : Frank Bergmann ( ed. ) : Upstate Literature : Essays in Memory of Thomas F. O'Donnell. Syracuse University Press, 1985, ISBN 0815623313, pp. 117 -- 128 ( excerpt at Google Books ) External links Wikimedia Commons has media related to The Last of the Mohicans. Works related to The Last of the Mohicans at Wikisource The James Fenimore Cooper Society -- extensive collection of material about Cooper, in particular many scholarly articles on him and his work The Last of the Mohicans at Project Gutenberg The Last of the Mohicans at Open Library The Last of the Mohicans public domain audiobook at LibriVox Fort William Henry Museum Fort William Henry : The Siege & Massacre Last of the Mohicans Outdoor Drama Works by James Fenimore Cooper Leatherstocking Tales novels The Deerslayer The Last of the Mohicans The Pathfinder, or The Inland Sea The Pioneers The Prairie Other novels Afloat and Ashore Autobiography of a Pocket - Handkerchief The Bravo The Chainbearer The Crater The Headsman : The Abbaye des Vignerons The Heidenmauer Homeward Bound Home as Found Jack Tier, or the Florida Reef Lionel Lincoln Mercedes of Castile Miles Wallingford The Monikins The Oak Openings The Pilot : A Tale of the Sea Precaution The Red Rover The Redskins Satanstoe The Sea Lions The Spy : A Tale of the Neutral Ground The Two Admirals The Water - Witch The Ways of the Hour The Wept of Wish - ton - Wish The Wing - and - Wing Wyandotte Short stories and Plays Tales for Fifteen No Steamboats Upside Down The Lake Gun Non-fiction The Chronicles of Cooperstown The Eclipse The History of the Navy of the United States of America Lives of Distinguished American Naval Officers Ned Myers New York : or The Towns of Manhattan Notions of the Americans Old Ironsides Proceedings of the Naval Court - Martial in the Case of Alexander Slidell Mackenzie, &c. Political writings Letter to General Lafayette A Letter to His Countrymen The American Democrat Travel writings Gleanings in Europe : Switzerland Gleanings in Europe : The Rhine A Residence in France Gleanings in Europe : France Gleanings in Europe : England Gleanings in Europe : Italy Commons Wikiquote Wikisource texts Book : Leatherstocking Tales James Fenimore Cooper 's The Last of the Mohicans Fictional characters Magua Chingachgook Natty Bumppo Historical characters Colonel Munro Daniel Webb Marquis de Montcalm Tamenund Films Leather Stocking ( 1909 American ) The Last of the Mohicans ( 1920 American ) The Last of the Mohicans ( 1920 German ) The Last of the Mohicans ( 1932 ) The Last of the Mohicans ( 1936 ) The Last of the Mohicans ( 1968 ) Last of the Redmen ( 1947 ) The Last of the Mohicans ( 1971 ) The Last of the Mohicans ( 1992 ) Related Hawkeye and the Last of the Mohicans Leatherstocking Tales The Last of the Mohicans ( soundtrack ) VIAF : 183066771 LCCN : n80036249 GND : 4306204 - 0 SUDOC : 073645044 BNF : cb12351891k ( data ) Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Last_of_the_Mohicans&oldid=824754681 '' Categories : 1757 in fiction 1826 American novels American novels adapted into films French and Indian War Novels adapted into comics Novels adapted into operas American novels adapted into plays Novels adapted into radio programs Novels adapted into television programs Novels by James Fenimore Cooper Novels set in the 18th century Novels set in the American colonial era Seven Years ' War Hidden categories : Articles needing additional references from June 2014 All articles needing additional references Articles needing more viewpoints from January 2012 Articles with Project Gutenberg links Articles with LibriVox links Use dmy dates from March 2011 Wikipedia articles with VIAF identifiers Wikipedia articles with LCCN identifiers Wikipedia articles with GND identifiers Wikipedia articles with BNF identifiers Talk Contents About Wikipedia Wikisource Azərbaycanca Български Brezhoneg Čeština Dansk Deutsch Ελληνικά Español Euskara Français Frysk Galego 한국어 Հայերեն Bahasa Indonesia Italiano עברית ქართული Latina Latviešu Magyar მარგალური Nederlands 日本 語 Norsk Polski Português Română Русский Simple English Slovenčina Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски Suomi Svenska Türkçe Українська 中文 Edit links This page was last edited on 9 February 2018, at 08 : 13. 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Question: when did last of the mohicans take place
Answer: 1757