East Timor - Wikipedia East Timor Democratic Republic of Timor - Leste Repúblika Demokrátika Timór Lorosa'e ( Tetum ) República Democrática de Timor - Leste ( Portuguese ) Flag Coat of arms Motto : Unidade, Acção, Progresso ( Portuguese ) Unidade, Asaun, Progresu ( Tetum ) ( English : `` Unity, Action, Progress '' ) Anthem : Pátria ( Portuguese ) ( English : `` Fatherland '' ) Capital and largest city Dili 8 ° 20 ′ S 125 ° 20 ′ E ﻿ / ﻿ 8.34 ° S 125.34 ° E ﻿ / - 8.34 ; 125.34 Coordinates : 8 ° 20 ′ S 125 ° 20 ′ E ﻿ / ﻿ 8.34 ° S 125.34 ° E ﻿ / - 8.34 ; 125.34 Official languages Tetum Portuguese National languages 15 languages Atauru Baikeno Bekais Bunak Fataluku Galoli Habun Idalaka Kawaimina Kemak Makalero Makasae Makuva Mambai Tokodede Religion ( 2010 ) 96.9 % Roman Catholic 3.1 % other religions Demonym East Timorese Timorese Maubere ( informal ) Government Unitary semi-presidential constitutional republic President Francisco Guterres Prime Minister Mari Alkatiri Legislature National Parliament Formation Portuguese Timor 16th century Independence declared 28 November 1975 Annexation by Indonesia 17 July 1976 Administered by UNTAET 25 October 1999 Independence restored 20 May 2002 Area Total 15,410 km ( 5,950 sq mi ) ( 154th ) Water ( % ) negligible Population 2015 census 1,167,242 Density 78 / km ( 202.0 / sq mi ) GDP ( PPP ) 2017 estimate Total $4.567 billion Per capita $5,479 ( 148th ) GDP ( nominal ) 2014 estimate Total $2.498 billion Per capita $3,330 HDI ( 2015 ) 0.605 medium 133rd Currency United States Dollar ( USD ) Time zone ( UTC + 9 ) Drives on the left Calling code + 670 ISO 3166 code TL Internet TLD. tl Website timor-leste.gov.tl Fifteen further `` national languages '' are recognised by the Constitution. Centavo coins also used.. tp has been phased out. East Timor ( / - ˈtiːmɔːr / ( listen ) ) or Timor - Leste ( / tiˈmɔːr ˈlɛʃteɪ / ; Tetum : Timór Lorosa'e ), officially the Democratic Republic of Timor - Leste ( Portuguese : República Democrática de Timor - Leste, Tetum : Repúblika Demokrátika Timór - Leste ), is a sovereign state in Maritime Southeast Asia. It comprises the eastern half of the island of Timor, the nearby islands of Atauro and Jaco, and Oecusse, an exclave on the northwestern side of the island surrounded by Indonesian West Timor. Australia is the country 's southern neighbor, separated by the Timor Sea. The country 's size is about 15,410 km ( 5,400 sq mi ). East Timor was colonised by Portugal in the 16th century, and was known as Portuguese Timor until 28 November 1975, when the Revolutionary Front for an Independent East Timor ( Fretilin ) declared the territory 's independence. Nine days later, it was invaded and occupied by Indonesia and was declared Indonesia 's 27th province the following year. The Indonesian occupation of East Timor was characterised by a highly violent decades - long conflict between separatist groups ( especially Fretilin ) and the Indonesian military. In 1999, following the United Nations - sponsored act of self - determination, Indonesia relinquished control of the territory. East Timor became the first new sovereign state of the 21st century on 20 May 2002 and joined the United Nations and the Community of Portuguese Language Countries. In 2011, East Timor announced its intention to gain membership status in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations ( ASEAN ) by applying to become its eleventh member. East Timor is part of a free trade zone, the Timor - Leste -- Indonesia -- Australia Growth Triangle ( TIA - GT ). It is one of only two predominantly Christian nations in Southeast Asia, the other being the Philippines. Contents 1 Etymology 2 History 2.1 Prehistory 2.2 Classical Era 2.3 Colonial Era 2.3. 1 First Portuguese Period 2.3. 2 Japanese Period 2.3. 3 Second Portuguese Period 2.3. 4 Indonesian Period 2.4 Contemporary Era 3 Politics and government 4 Administrative divisions 5 Foreign relations and military 6 Geography 7 Economy 8 Demographics 8.1 Languages 8.2 Education 8.3 Health 8.4 Religion 9 Culture 9.1 Arts 9.2 Cuisine 9.3 Sports 10 See also 11 References 12 Bibliography 13 External links Etymology `` Timor '' derives from timur, the word for `` east '' in Malay, which became recorded as Timor in Portuguese, thus resulting in the tautological toponym meaning `` East East '' : In Portuguese Timor - Leste ( Leste being the word for `` east '' ) ; in Tetum Timór Lorosa'e ( Lorosa'e being the word for `` east '' ( literally `` rising sun '' ) ). In Indonesian, the country is called Timor Timur, thus using the Portuguese name for the island followed by the word for `` east '', as adjectives in Indonesian are put after the noun. The official names under the Constitution are Democratic Republic of Timor - Leste in English, República Democrática de Timor - Leste in Portuguese and Repúblika Demokrátika Timór - Leste in Tetum. The International Organization for Standardization ( ISO ) official short form in English and all other languages is Timor - Leste ( codes : TLS & TL ), which has been adopted by the United Nations, the European Union, and the national standards organisations of France ( AFNOR ), the United States ( ANSI ), United Kingdom ( BSI ), Germany ( DIN ), and Sweden ( SIS ), all diplomatic missions to the country by protocol and the CIA World Factbook. History Main article : History of East Timor Prehistory Humans first settled in East Timor 42,000 years ago. Descendants of at least three waves of migration are believed still to live in East Timor. The first is described by anthropologists as people of the Veddo - Australoid type. Around 3000 BC, a second migration brought Melanesians. The earlier Veddo - Australoid peoples withdrew at this time to the mountainous interior. Finally, proto - Malays arrived from south China and north Indochina. Hakka traders are among those descended from this final group. Timorese origin myths tell of ancestors that sailed around the eastern end of Timor arriving on land in the south. Some stories recount Timorese ancestors journeying from the Malay Peninsula or the Minangkabau highlands of Sumatra. Austronesians migrated to Timor, and are thought to be associated with the development of agriculture on the island. Thirdly, Proto - Malays arrived from south China and north Indochina. Classical era Before European colonialism, Timor was included in Chinese and Indian trading networks, and in the 14th century was an exporter of aromatic sandalwood, slaves, honey, and wax. It was the relative abundance of sandalwood in Timor that attracted European explorers to the island in the early 16th century. During that time, European explorers reported that the island had a number of small chiefdoms or princedoms. Arms of Portuguese Timor ( 1935 -- 1975 ) Colonial era First Portuguese period The Portuguese established outposts in Timor and Maluku. Effective European occupation of a small part of the territory began in 1769, when the city of Dili was founded and the colony of Portuguese Timor declared. A definitive border between the Dutch - colonised western half of the island and the Portuguese - colonised eastern half of the island was established by the Permanent Court of Arbitration of 1914, and it remains the international boundary between the successor states East Timor and Indonesia. For the Portuguese, East Timor remained little more than a neglected trading post until the late nineteenth century, with minimal investment in infrastructure, health, and education. Sandalwood remained the main export crop with coffee exports becoming significant in the mid-nineteenth century. As was often the case, Portuguese rule was generally neglectful but exploitative where it existed. At the beginning of the twentieth century, a faltering home economy prompted the Portuguese to extract greater wealth from its colonies, which was met with East Timorese resistance. Japanese period During World War II, the Japanese occupied Dili, and the mountainous interior became the scene of a guerrilla campaign, known as the Battle of Timor. Waged by Allied forces and East Timorese volunteers against the Japanese, the struggle resulted in the deaths of between 40,000 and 70,000 East Timorese. The Japanese eventually drove the last of the Australian and Allied forces out. However, following the end of World War II and Japanese surrender, Portuguese control was reinstated. Second Portuguese period Following the 1974 Portuguese revolution, Portugal effectively abandoned its colony on Timor and civil war between East Timorese political parties broke out in 1975. The Revolutionary Front for an Independent East Timor ( Fretilin ) resisted a Timorese Democratic Union ( UDT ) coup attempt in August 1975, and unilaterally declared independence on 28 November 1975. Fearing a communist state within the Indonesian archipelago, the Indonesian military, with Australian, British, and US support, launched an invasion of East Timor in December 1975. Indonesia declared East Timor its 27th province on 17 July 1976. The UN Security Council opposed the invasion and the territory 's nominal status in the UN remained as `` non-self - governing territory under Portuguese administration ''. A demonstration for independence from Indonesia held in Australia during September 1999 Indonesian period Indonesia 's occupation of East Timor was marked by violence and brutality. A detailed statistical report prepared for the Commission for Reception, Truth and Reconciliation in East Timor cited a minimum bound of 102,800 conflict - related deaths in the period 1974 -- 1999, namely, approximately 18,600 killings and 84,200 `` excess '' deaths from hunger and illness. The East Timorese guerrilla force ( Forças Armadas da Libertação Nacional de Timor - Leste, Falintil ) fought a campaign against the Indonesian forces from 1975 to 1999. José Ramos - Horta, 1996 Nobel Peace Prize winner, second President of East Timor The 1991 Dili Massacre was a turning point for the independence cause and an East Timor solidarity movement grew in Portugal, the Philippines, Australia, and other Western countries. Following the resignation of Indonesian President Suharto, a UN-sponsored agreement between Indonesia and Portugal allowed for a UN-supervised popular referendum in August 1999. A clear vote for independence was met with a punitive campaign of violence by East Timorese pro-integration militia with the support of elements of the Indonesian military. With Indonesian permission, an Australian - led multi-national peacekeeping force was deployed until order was restored. In 25 October 1999, the administration of East Timor was taken over by the UN through the United Nations Transitional Administration in East Timor ( UNTAET ). The INTERFET deployment ended in February 2000 with the transfer of military command to the UN. Contemporary era Xanana Gusmão, the first East Timorese President. On 30 August 2001, the East Timorese voted in their first election organised by the UN to elect members of the Constituent Assembly. On 22 March 2002, the Constituent Assembly approved the Constitution. By May 2002, over 205,000 refugees had returned. On 20 May 2002, the Constitution of the Democratic Republic of East Timor came into force and East Timor was recognised as independent by the UN. The Constituent Assembly was renamed the National Parliament and Xanana Gusmão was sworn in as the country 's first President. On 27 September 2002, East Timor was renamed to Timor - Leste, using the Portuguese language, and was admitted as a member state by the UN. The following year, Gusmão declined another presidential term, and in the build - up to the April 2007 presidential elections there were renewed outbreaks of violence. José Ramos - Horta was elected President in the May 2007 election, while Gusmão ran in the parliamentary elections and became Prime Minister. Ramos - Horta was critically injured in an attempted assassination in February 2008. Prime Minister Gusmão also faced gunfire separately but escaped unharmed. Australian reinforcements were immediately sent to help keep order. In 2006, the United Nations sent in security forces to restore order when unrest and factional fighting forced 15 percent of the population ( 155,000 people ) to flee their homes. In March 2011, the UN handed over operational control of the police force to the East Timor authorities. The United Nations ended its peacekeeping mission on 31 December 2012. Politics and government Main article : Politics of East Timor Nicolau Lobato Presidential Palace in Dili. The head of state of East Timor is the President of the Republic, who is elected by popular vote for a five - year term. Although their executive powers are somewhat limited, the President does have the power to appoint the Prime Minister and veto government legislation. Following elections, the President usually appoints the leader of the majority party or coalition as Prime Minister of East Timor and the cabinet on the proposal of the latter. As head of government, the Prime Minister presides over the cabinet. The National Parliament of East Timor The unicameral East Timorese parliament is the National Parliament or Parlamento Nacional, whose members are elected by popular vote to a five - year term. The number of seats can vary from a minimum of fifty - two to a maximum of sixty - five. The East Timorese constitution was modelled on that of Portugal. The country is still in the process of building its administration and governmental institutions. Government departments include the Polícia Nacional de Timor - Leste ( police ), East Timor Ministry for State and Internal Administration, Civil Aviation Division of Timor - Leste, and Immigration Department of Timor - Leste. Administrative divisions Main articles : Municipalities of East Timor, Administrative posts of East Timor, and Sucos of East Timor The thirteen municipalities of East Timor East Timor is divided into thirteen municipalities, which in turn are subdivided into 65 administrative posts, 442 sucos ( villages ), and 2,225 aldeias ( hamlets ). Oecusse Liquiçá Dili Manatuto Baucau Lautém Bobonaro Ermera Aileu Viqueque Cova Lima Ainaro Manufahi Foreign Relations and military This section needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. ( May 2018 ) Main articles : Foreign relations of East Timor and Timor Leste Defence Force F - FDTL soldiers standing in formation East Timor sought membership in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations ( ASEAN ) in 2007, and a formal application was submitted in March 2011. Indonesia and the Philippines support East Timor 's bid to join ASEAN. The Europe House in Dili, the European Union 's representation in East Timor Indonesia - East Timor border in Mota'ain The Timor Leste Defence Force ( Forças de Defesa de Timor - Leste, F - FDTL ) is the military body responsible for the defence of East Timor. The F - FDTL was established in February 2001 and comprised two small infantry battalions, a small naval component, and several supporting units. The F - FDTL 's primary role is to protect East Timor from external threats. It also has an internal security role, which overlaps with that of the National Police of East Timor ( Polícia Nacional de Timor - Leste, PNTL ). This overlap has led to tensions between the services, which have been exacerbated by poor morale and lack of discipline within the F - FDTL. The F - FDTL 's problems came to a head in 2006 when almost half the force was dismissed following protests over discrimination and poor conditions. The dismissal contributed to a general collapse of both the F - FDTL and PNTL in May and forced the government to request foreign peacekeepers to restore security. The F - FDTL is being rebuilt with foreign assistance and has drawn up a long - term force development plan. Demonstration against Australia on December 2013 Since the discovery of petroleum in the Timor Sea in the 1970s, there have been disputes surrounding the rights to ownership and exploitation of the resources situated in a part of the Timor Sea known as the Timor Gap, which is the area of the Timor Sea which lies outside the territorial boundaries of the nations to the north and south of the Timor Sea. These disagreements initially involved Australia and Indonesia, although a resolution was eventually reached in the form of the Timor Gap Treaty. After declaration of East Timor 's nationhood in 1999, the terms of the Timor Gap Treaty were abandoned and negotiations commenced between Australia and East Timor, culminating in the Timor Sea Treaty. Australia 's territorial claim extends to the bathymetric axis ( the line of greatest sea - bed depth ) at the Timor Trough. It overlaps East Timor 's own territorial claim, which follows the former colonial power Portugal and the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea in claiming that the dividing line should be midway between the two countries. It was revealed in 2013 that the Australian Secret Intelligence Service ( ASIS ) planted listening devices to listen to East Timor during negotiations over the Greater Sunrise oil and gasfields. This is known as the Australia -- East Timor spying scandal. Geography Main article : Geography of East Timor Com Beach, East Timor Located in Southeast Asia, the island of Timor is part of Maritime Southeast Asia, and is the largest and easternmost of the Lesser Sunda Islands. To the north of the island are the Ombai Strait, Wetar Strait, and the greater Banda Sea. The Timor Sea separates the island from Australia to the south, and the Indonesian Province of East Nusa Tenggara lies to East Timor 's west. Much of the country is mountainous, and its highest point is Tatamailau ( also known as Mount Ramelau ) at 2,963 metres ( 9,721 ft ). The climate is tropical and generally hot and humid. It is characterised by distinct rainy and dry seasons. The capital, largest city, and main port is Dili, and the second - largest city is the eastern town of Baucau. East Timor lies between latitudes 8 ° and 10 ° S, and longitudes 124 ° and 128 ° E. The easternmost area of East Timor consists of the Paitchau Range and the Lake Ira Lalaro area, which contains the country 's first conservation area, the Nino Konis Santana National Park. It contains the last remaining tropical dry forested area within the country. It hosts a number of unique plant and animal species and is sparsely populated. The northern coast is characterised by a number of coral reef systems that have been determined to be at risk. Economy Main article : Economy of East Timor East Timor export treemap, 2010 Fractional coins `` centavos '' Coffee plantations in Aileu East Timor has a market economy that used to depend upon exports of a few commodities such as coffee, marble, petroleum, and sandalwood. East Timor 's economy grew by about 10 % in 2011 and at a similar rate in 2012. East Timor now has revenue from offshore oil and gas reserves, but little of it has gone to develop villages, which still rely on subsistence farming. Nearly half the population lives in extreme poverty. The Timor - Leste Petroleum Fund was established in 2005, and by 2011 it had reached a worth of US $8.7 billion. East Timor is labelled by the International Monetary Fund as the `` most oil - dependent economy in the world ''. The Petroleum Fund pays for nearly all of the government 's annual budget, which has increased from $70 million in 2004 to $1.3 billion in 2011, with a $1.8 billion proposal for 2012. East - Timor 's income from oil and gas stands to significantly increase after its announcement to cancel a controversial agreement with Australia, which has given Australia half of the income from oil and gas since 2006. The economy is dependent on government spending and, to a lesser extent, assistance from foreign donors. Private sector development has lagged due to human capital shortages, infrastructure weakness, an incomplete legal system, and an inefficient regulatory environment. After petroleum, the second largest export is coffee, which generates about $10 million a year. Starbucks is a major purchaser of East Timorese coffee. Dili 's harbour 9,000 tonnes of coffee, 108 tonnes of cinnamon and 161 tonnes of cocoa were harvested in 2012 making the country the 40th ranked producer of coffee, the 6th ranked producer of cinnamon and the 50th ranked producer of cocoa worldwide. According to data gathered in the 2010 census, 87.7 % of urban ( 321,043 people ) and 18.9 % of rural ( 821,459 people ) households have electricity, for an overall average of 38.2 %. The agriculture sector employs 80 % of the active population. In 2009, about 67,000 households grew coffee in East Timor, with a large proportion being poor. Currently, the gross margins are about $120 per hectare, with returns per labour - day of about $3.70. There were 11,000 households growing mungbeans as of 2009, most of them subsistence farmers. The country was ranked 169th overall and last in the East Asia and Pacific region by the Doing Business 2013 report by the World Bank. The country fared particularly poorly in the `` registering property '', `` enforcing contracts '' and `` resolving insolvency '' categories, ranking last worldwide in all three. As regards telecommunications infrastructure, East Timor is the second to last ranked Asian country in the World Economic Forum 's Network Readiness Index ( NRI ), with only Myanmar falling behind it in southeast Asia. NRI is an indicator for determining the development level of a country 's information and communication technologies. East Timor ranked number 141 overall in the 2014 NRI ranking, down from 134 in 2013. The Portuguese colonial administration granted concessions to the Australia - bound Oceanic Exploration Corporation to develop petroleum and natural gas deposits in the waters southeast of Timor. However, this was curtailed by the Indonesian invasion in 1976. The resources were divided between Indonesia and Australia with the Timor Gap Treaty in 1989. East Timor inherited no permanent maritime boundaries when it attained independence. A provisional agreement ( the Timor Sea Treaty, signed when East Timor became independent on 20 May 2002 ) defined a Joint Petroleum Development Area ( JPDA ) and awarded 90 % of revenues from existing projects in that area to East Timor and 10 % to Australia. An agreement in 2005 between the governments of East Timor and Australia mandated that both countries put aside their dispute over maritime boundaries and that East Timor would receive 50 % of the revenues from the resource exploitation in the area ( estimated at A $ 26 billion, or about US $20 billion over the lifetime of the project ) from the Greater Sunrise development. In 2013, East Timor launched a case at the Permanent Court of Arbitration in The Hague to pull out of a gas treaty that it had signed with Australia, accusing the Australian Secret Intelligence Service ( ASIS ) of bugging the East Timorese cabinet room in Dili in 2004. There are no patent laws in East Timor. A railway system has been proposed but the current government has yet to approve the proposal due to lack of funds and expertise. If established, the country 's economy is foreseen to have the same economic boom as Japan almost did a century ago. The Philippines has noted that if they finally finish their own railway system by 2022, they may send experts and aid to Timor - Leste for its railway ambitions. Demographics Main article : Demographics of East Timor An East Timorese in traditional dress Historical populations Year Pop. ± % 1980 555,350 -- 747,557 + 34.6 % 787,340 + 5.3 % 923,198 + 17.3 % 1,066,582 + 15.5 % 2015 1,167,242 + 9.4 % Source : 2015 census East Timor demographic change between 1861 and 2010. East Timor recorded a population of 1,167,242 in its 2015 census. The CIA 's World Factbook lists the English - language demonym for Timor - Leste as Timorese, as does the Government of Timor - Leste 's website. Other reference sources list it as East Timorese. The word Maubere, formerly used by the Portuguese to refer to native East Timorese and often employed as synonymous with the illiterate and uneducated, was adopted by Fretilin as a term of pride. Native East Timorese consist of a number of distinct ethnic groups, most of whom are of mixed Austronesian and Melanesian / Papuan descent. The largest Malayo - Polynesian ethnic groups are the Tetum ( 100,000 ), primarily in the north coast and around Dili ; the Mambai ( 80,000 ), in the central mountains ; the Tukudede ( 63,170 ), in the area around Maubara and Liquiçá ; the Galoli ( 50,000 ), between the tribes of Mambae and Makasae ; the Kemak ( 50,000 ) in north - central Timor island ; and the Baikeno ( 20,000 ), in the area around Pante Macassar. The main tribes of predominantly Papuan origin include the Bunak ( 84,000 ), in the central interior of Timor island ; the Fataluku ( 40,000 ), at the eastern tip of the island near Lospalos ; and the Makasae ( 70,000 ), toward the eastern end of the island. As a result of interracial marriage which was common during the Portuguese era, there is a population of people of mixed East Timorese and Portuguese origin, known in Portuguese as mestiços. There is a small Chinese minority, most of whom are Hakka. Many Chinese left in the mid-1970s. Languages Main article : Languages of East Timor Major language groups in East Timor by suco East Timor 's two official languages are Portuguese and Tetum. English and Indonesian are sometimes used, and are designated as working languages. Tetum belongs to the Austronesian family of languages spoken throughout Southeast Asia. The 2010 census found that the most commonly spoken mother tongues were Tetum Prasa ( mother tongue for 36.6 % of the population ), Mambai ( 12.5 % ), Makasai ( 9.7 % ), Tetum Terik ( 6.0 % ), Baikenu ( 5.9 % ), Kemak ( 5.9 % ), Bunak ( 5.3 % ), Tokodede ( 3.7 % ), and Fataluku ( 3.6 % ). Other indigenous languages largely accounted for the remaining 10.9 %, while Portuguese was spoken natively by just under 600 people. Under Indonesian rule, the use of Portuguese was banned and only Indonesian was allowed to be used in government offices, schools and public business. During the Indonesian occupation, Tetum and Portuguese were important unifying elements for the East Timorese people in opposing Javanese culture. Portuguese was adopted as one of the two official languages upon independence in 2002 for this reason and as a link to Lusophone nations in other parts of the world. It is now being taught and promoted with the help of Brazil, Portugal, and the Community of Portuguese Language Countries. The government believes that Portuguese will be the dominant and most widely used language in East Timor in the next few years, as proficiency in the Portuguese language is accelerating rapidly. Indonesian and English are defined as working languages under the Constitution in the Final and Transitional Provisions, without setting a final date. Aside from Tetum, Ethnologue lists the following indigenous languages : Adabe, Baikeno, Bunak, Fataluku, Galoli, Habun, Idaté, Kairui - Midiki, Kemak, Lakalei, Makasae, Makuv'a, Mambae, Nauete, Tukudede, and Waima'a. It is estimated that English is understood by 31.4 % of the population. As of 2012, 35 % speak, read, and write Portuguese, which is up significantly from less than 5 % in the 2006 UN Development Report. Portuguese has now been made the official language of Timor, and is being taught in most schools. East Timor is a member of the Community of Portuguese Language Countries ( also known as the Lusophone Commonwealth ) and of the Latin Union. According to the Atlas of the World 's Languages in Danger, there are six endangered languages in East Timor : Adabe, Habu, Kairui - Midiki, Maku'a, Naueti, and Waima'a. Education Escola Portuguesa Ruy Cinatti, the Portuguese School of Díli. East Timor 's adult literacy rate in 2010 was 58.3 %, up from just 37.6 % in 2001. Illiteracy was at 95 per cent at the end of Portuguese rule. The National University of East Timor is the country 's main university. There are also four colleges. Since independence, both Indonesian and Tetum have lost ground as mediums of instruction, while Portuguese has increased : in 2001 only 8.4 % of primary school and 6.8 % of secondary school students attended a Portuguese - medium school ; by 2005 this had increased to 81.6 % for primary and 46.3 % for secondary schools. Indonesian formerly played a considerable role in education, being used by 73.7 % of all secondary school students as a medium of instruction, but by 2005 it was used by most schools only in Baucau, Manatuto, as well as the capital district. The Philippines has sent Filipino teachers to Timor - Leste to teach English, so that a program between the two countries can begin, where deserving English - knowledgeable East Timorese nationals will be granted university scholarships in the Philippines. Health Life expectancy at birth was at 60.7 in 2007. The fertility rate is at six births per woman. Healthy life expectancy at birth was at 55 years in 2007. Government expenditure on health was at US $150 ( PPP ) per person in 2006. There were only two hospitals and 14 village healthcare facilities in 1974. By 1994, there were 11 hospitals and 330 healthcare centres. The 2010 maternal mortality rate per 100,000 births for East Timor was 370. This compares with 928.6 in 2008 and 1016.3 in 1990. The under - 5 mortality rate per 1,000 births is 60 and the neonatal mortality rate per 1,000 live births is 27. The number of midwives per 1,000 live births is 8 and the lifetime risk of death for pregnant women is 1 in 44. The country has one of the highest smoking rates in the world, with 33 % of the population, including 61 % of men, smoking daily. By 2015, due to a Cuban -- East Timorese training programme initiated in 2003, East Timor will have more doctors per capita than any other country in southeast Asia. Religion Main article : Religion in East Timor See also : Catholic Church in East Timor The Church of Santo António de Motael, Dili According to the 2010 census, 96.9 % of the population is Roman Catholic ; 2.2 % Protestant ; 0.3 % Muslim ; and 0.5 % practice some other or no religion. A 2016 survey conducted by the Demographic and Health Survey programme showed that Catholics made up 98.3 % of the population, Protestants 1.2 %, and Muslims 0.3 %. The number of churches has grown from 100 in 1974 to over 800 in 1994, with Church membership having grown considerably under Indonesian rule as Pancasila, Indonesia 's state ideology, requires all citizens to believe in one God and does not recognise traditional beliefs. East Timorese animist belief systems did not fit with Indonesia 's constitutional monotheism, resulting in mass conversions to Christianity. Portuguese clergy were replaced with Indonesian priests and Latin and Portuguese mass was replaced by Indonesian mass. While just 20 % of East Timorese called themselves Catholics at the time of the 1975 invasion, the figure surged to reach 95 % by the end of the first decade after the invasion. In rural areas, Roman Catholicism is syncretized with local animist beliefs. With over 95 % Catholic population, East Timor is currently one of the most densely Catholic countries in the world. Statue of Saint Mary outside Balide church, East Timor The number of Protestants and Muslims declined significantly after September 1999 because these groups were disproportionately represented among supporters of integration with Indonesia and among the Indonesian civil servants assigned to work in the province from other parts of Indonesia, many of whom left the country in 1999. There are also small Protestant and Muslim communities. The Indonesian military forces formerly stationed in the country included a significant number of Protestants, who played a major role in establishing Protestant churches in the territory. Fewer than half of those congregations existed after September 1999, and many Protestants were among those who remained in West Timor. The Assemblies of God is the largest and most active of the Protestant denominations. While the Constitution of East Timor enshrines the principles of freedom of religion and separation of church and state in Section 45 Comma 1, it also acknowledges `` the participation of the Catholic Church in the process of national liberation '' in its preamble ( although this has no legal value ). Upon independence, the country joined the Philippines to become the only two predominantly Roman Catholic states in Asia, although nearby parts of eastern Indonesia such as West Timor and Flores also have Roman Catholic majorities. The Roman Catholic Church divides East Timor into three dioceses : the Diocese of Díli, the Diocese of Baucau, and the Diocese of Maliana, all of which have friendly ties with the hundreds of dioceses in the Philippines. Culture Main article : Culture of East Timor Sacred house ( lee teinu ) in Lospalos The culture of East Timor reflects numerous influences, including Portuguese, Roman Catholic and Indonesian, on Timor 's indigenous Austronesian and Melanesian cultures. East Timorese culture is heavily influenced by Austronesian legends. For example, East Timorese creation myth has it that an aging crocodile transformed into the island of Timor as part of a debt repayment to a young boy who had helped the crocodile when it was sick. As a result, the island is shaped like a crocodile and the boy 's descendants are the native East Timorese who inhabit it. The phrase `` leaving the crocodile '' refers to the pained exile of East Timorese from their island. Timor - Leste is currently finalizing its dossiers needed for nominations in the UNESCO World Heritage List, UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage Lists, UNESCO Creative Cities Network, UNESCO Global Geoparks Network, and UNESCO Biosphere Reserve Network. The country currently has one document in the UNESCO Memory of the World Register, namely, On the Birth of a Nation : Turning points. Arts Traditional Timorese dancers There is also a strong tradition of poetry in the country. Prime Minister Xanana Gusmão, for example, is a distinguished poet, earning the moniker `` poet warrior ''. Architecturally, Portuguese - style buildings can be found, along with the traditional totem houses of the eastern region. These are known as uma lulik ( `` sacred houses '' ) in Tetum and lee teinu ( `` legged houses '' ) in Fataluku. Craftsmanship and the weaving of traditional scarves ( tais ) is also widespread. An extensive collection of Timorese audiovisual material is held at the National Film and Sound Archive of Australia. These holdings have been identified in a document titled The NFSA Timor - Leste Collection Profile, which features catalogue entries and essays for a total of 795 NFSA - held moving image, recorded sound and documentation works that have captured the history and culture of East Timor since the early 20th century. The NFSA is working with the East Timor government to ensure that all of this material can be used and accessed by the people of that country. In 2013 the first East Timorese feature film, Beatriz 's War, was released. In 2009 and 2010, East Timor was the nation of subject matter for the Australian and South Korean films Balibo and A Barefoot Dream. Cuisine The cuisine of East Timor consists of regional popular foods such as pork, fish, basil, tamarind, legumes, corn, rice, root vegetables, and tropical fruit. East Timorese cuisine has influences from Southeast Asian cuisine and from Portuguese dishes from its colonisation by Portugal. Flavours and ingredients from other former Portuguese colonies can be found due to the centuries - old Portuguese presence on the island. Due to the East and West combination of Timor - Leste 's cuisine, it developed features related with Filipino cuisine, which also experienced an East - West culinary combination. Sports Main article : Sport in East Timor Sports organisations joined by East Timor include the International Olympic Committee ( IOC ), the International Association of Athletics Federations ( IAAF ), the International Badminton Federation ( IBF ), the Union Cycliste Internationale, the International Weightlifting Federation, the International Table Tennis Federation ( ITTF ), the International Basketball Federation ( FIBA ), and East Timor 's national football team joined FIFA. East Timorese athletes competed in the 2003 Southeast Asian Games held 2003. In the 2003 ASEAN Paralympics Games, East Timor won a bronze medal. In the Athens 2004 Olympic Games, East Timorese athletes participated in athletics, weightlifting and boxing. East Timor won three medals in Arnis at the 2005 Southeast Asian Games. East Timor competed in the first Lusophony Games and, in October 2008, the country earned its first international points in a FIFA football match with a 2 -- 2 draw against Cambodia. East Timor competed at the 2014 Winter Olympics. Thomas Americo was the first East Timorese fighter to fight for a world boxing title. He was murdered in 1999, shortly before Indonesian occupation of East Timor ended. See also Geography portal Asia portal Southeast Asia portal East Timor portal Accession into ASEAN Outline of East Timor Index of East Timor - related articles List of cities, towns and villages in East Timor List of East Timor - related topics Telecommunications in East Timor Transport in East Timor Visa policy of East Timor Australian Involvement in the East Timor Invasion References ^ Jump up to : `` Volume 2 : Population Distribution by Administrative Areas '' ( PDF ). Population and Housing Census of Timor - Leste, 2010. Timor - Leste Ministry of Finance. p. 21. Jump up ^ Hicks, David ( 15 September 2014 ). `` Rhetoric and the Decolonization and Recolonization of East Timor ''. Routledge -- via Google Books. Jump up ^ Adelman, Howard ( 28 June 2011 ). `` No Return, No Refuge : Rites and Rights in Minority Repatriation ''. Columbia University Press -- via Google Books. ^ Jump up to : Shoesmith, Dennis ( March -- April 2003 ). `` Timor - Leste : Divided Leadership in a Semi-Presidential System '' ( PDF ). Asian Survey. Berkeley : University of California Press. 43 ( 2 ) : 231 -- 252. doi : 10.1525 / as. 2003.43. 2.231. ISSN 0004 - 4687. OCLC 905451085. Retrieved 25 August 2017. The semi-presidential system in the new state of Timor - Leste has institutionalized a political struggle between the president, Xanana Gusmão, and the prime minister, Mari Alkatiri. This has polarized political alliances and threatens the viability of the new state. This paper explains the ideological divisions and the history of rivalry between these two key political actors. The adoption of Marxism by Fretilin in 1977 led to Gusmão 's repudiation of the party in the 1980s and his decision to remove Falintil, the guerrilla movement, from Fretilin control. The power struggle between the two leaders is then examined in the transition to independence. This includes an account of the politicization of the defense and police forces and attempts by Minister of Internal Administration Rogério Lobato to use disaffected Falintil veterans as a counterforce to the Gusmão loyalists in the army. The December 4, 2002, Dili riots are explained in the context of this political struggle. ^ Jump up to : Neto, Octávio Amorim ; Lobo, Marina Costa ( 2010 ). `` Between Constitutional Diffusion and Local Politics : Semi-Presidentialism in Portuguese - Speaking Countries '' ( PDF ). APSA 2010 Annual Meeting Paper. Social Science Research Network. SSRN 1644026. Retrieved 25 August 2017. Jump up ^ Beuman, Lydia M. ( 2016 ). Political Institutions in East Timor : Semi-Presidentialism and Democratisation. Abingdon, Oxon : Routledge. ISBN 1317362128. LCCN 2015036590. OCLC 983148216. Retrieved 18 August 2017 -- via Google Books. ^ Jump up to : ( 1 ) ^ Jump up to : `` 2015 Census shows population growth moderating ''. Government of Timor - Leste. 25 October 2015. Archived from the original on 7 February 2016. Retrieved 24 July 2016. ^ Jump up to : `` Timor - Leste ''. The World Bank. Retrieved 3 May 2014. Jump up ^ `` 2016 Human Development Report '' ( PDF ). United Nations Development Programme. 2016. Retrieved 21 March 2017. Jump up ^ `` UNGEGN list of country names '' ( PDF ). United Nations Group of Experts on Geographical Names. 2 -- 6 May 2011. Retrieved 14 August 2016. ^ Jump up to : `` Constituição da República Democrática de Timor '' ( PDF ). Government of Timor - Leste. Retrieved 2 September 2016. ^ Jump up to : `` Konstituisaun Repúblika Demokrátika Timór - Leste '' ( PDF ). Government of Timor - Leste. Retrieved 2 September 2016. Jump up ^ CIA ( 29 November 2012 ). `` East and Southeast Asia : Timor - Leste ''. The World Factbook. Washington, DC : Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 16 December 2012. Jump up ^ East Timor Bid to Join ASEAN Wins ' Strong Support ', Bangkok Post, date : 31 January 2011. Jump up ^ `` Boosting Growth through the Growth Triangle `` Government of Timor - Leste ''. timor-leste.gov.tl. ^ Jump up to : `` Constitution of the Democratic Republic of Timor - Leste '' ( PDF ). Government of Timor - Leste. Retrieved 2 September 2016. Jump up ^ `` United Nations Member States ''. United Nations. Archived from the original on 24 October 2007. Retrieved 28 March 2010. Jump up ^ `` European Union deploys Election Observation Mission to Timor Leste ''. Europa ( web portal ). Retrieved 28 March 2010. Jump up ^ `` US Department of State : Timor - Leste ''. State.gov. 20 January 2009. Retrieved 28 March 2010. Jump up ^ `` CIA World Factbook ''. US Govt. 1 July 2014. Jump up ^ Marwick, Ben ; Clarkson, Chris ; O'Connor, Sue ; Collins, Sophie ( December 2016 ). `` Early modern human lithic technology from Jerimalai, East Timor ''. Journal of Human Evolution. 101 : 45 -- 64. doi : 10.1016 / j. jhevol. 2016.09. 004. PMID 27886810. Jump up ^ University of Coimbra : Population Settlements in East Timor and Indonesia Jump up ^ Timor-Leste.gov.tl About Timor - Leste Archived 29 October 2008 at the Wayback Machine. Jump up ^ Taylor, Jean Gelman ( 2003 ). Indonesia : Peoples and Histories. New Haven and London : Yale University Press. p. 378. ISBN 0 - 300 - 10518 - 5. Jump up ^ `` Brief History of Timor - Leste ''. Official Web Gateway to the Government of Timor - Leste. Government of the Democratic Republic of Timor - Leste. 2006. Archived from the original on 29 October 2008. ; A. Barbedo de Magalhães ( 24 October 1994 ). `` Population Settlements in East Timor and Indonesia ''. University of Coimbra website. University of Coimbra. Archived from the original on 11 February 2007. Jump up ^ Leibo, Steven ( 2012 ), East and Southeast Asia 2012 ( 45 ed. ), Lanham, MD : Stryker Post, pp. 161 -- 165, ISBN 1 - 6104 - 8885 - 7 Jump up ^ `` Flags of the World ''. Fotw.net. Archived from the original on 8 April 2014. Retrieved 17 July 2011. Jump up ^ `` Archived copy ''. Archived from the original on 23 November 2006. Retrieved 28 February 2008. Jump up ^ Deeley, Furness, and Schofield ( 2001 ) The International Boundaries of East Timor p. 8. ^ Jump up to : Schwarz, A. ( 1994 ). A Nation in Waiting : Indonesia in the 1990s. Westview Press. p. 198. ISBN 978 - 1 - 86373 - 635 - 0. Jump up ^ `` Department of Defence ( Australia ), 2002, `` A Short History of East Timor '' ``. Archived from the original on 3 January 2006. Retrieved 3 January 2007. Access date : 3 January 2007. Jump up ^ Ricklefs, M.C. ( 1991 ). A History of Modern Indonesia since c. 1300, Second Edition. MacMillan. p. 301. ISBN 0 - 333 - 57689 - 6. Jump up ^ Jardine, pp. 50 -- 51. Jump up ^ `` Official Web Gateway to the Government of Timor - Leste -- Districts ''. Government of the Democratic Republic of Timor - Leste. Archived from the original on 21 March 2012. Retrieved 16 July 2011. Jump up ^ `` The United Nations and Decolonization ''. www.un.org. Jump up ^ Benetech Human Rights Data Analysis Group ( 9 February 2006 ). `` The Profile of Human Rights Violations in Timor - Leste, 1974 -- 1999 ''. A Report to the Commission on Reception, Truth and Reconciliation of Timor - Leste. Human Rights Data Analysis Group ( HRDAG ). Archived from the original on 22 February 2012. Jump up ^ `` UNITED NATIONS TRANSITIONAL ADMINISTRATION IN EAST TIMOR -- UNTAET ''. United Nations. Retrieved 17 July 2011. Jump up ^ Etan / Us ( 15 February 2000 ). `` UN takes over East Timor command ''. Etan.org. Retrieved 17 July 2011. ^ Jump up to : `` Council endorses proposal to declare East Timor 's Independence 20 May 2002 ''. United Nations ( Press release ). Security Council. 31 October 2001. Retrieved 2 September 2016. Jump up ^ `` East Timor : More than 1,000 refugees return since beginning of month ''. ReliefWeb. 10 May 2002. Retrieved 13 February 2013. Jump up ^ `` Constitution of the Democratic Republic of East Timor ''. refworld. 20 May 2002. Retrieved 2 September 2016. Jump up ^ `` Unanimous Assembly decision makes Timor - Leste 191st United Nations member state '' ( Press release ). United Nations. 27 September 2002. Retrieved 2 September 2016. Jump up ^ `` East Timor May Be Becoming Failed State ''. London : Web.archive.org. 13 January 2008. Archived from the original on 13 January 2008. Retrieved 17 July 2011. Jump up ^ `` Asia - Pacific Shot East Timor leader ' critical ' ''. BBC News. 11 February 2008. Retrieved 17 July 2011. Jump up ^ `` UN wraps up East Timor mission ''. ABC News. Jump up ^ Jornal da Républica mit dem Diploma Ministerial n. ° 199 / 09 Archived 1 March 2012 at the Wayback Machine. ( PDF - Datei ; 315 kB ). Jump up ^ `` Population and Housing Census 2015, Preliminary Results '' ( PDF ). Geral de Estatística. Retrieved 15 January 2018. Jump up ^ `` East Timor aims to join ASEAN ''. Investvine. 30 December 2012. Retrieved 30 December 2012. Jump up ^ Richard Baker ( 21 April 2007 ). `` New Timor treaty ' a failure ' ''. Theage.com.au. The Age Company Ltd. Retrieved 3 January 2010. Jump up ^ `` United Nations ''. United Nations. Archived from the original on 2 April 2010. Retrieved 28 March 2010. Jump up ^ `` Mount Ramelau ''. Gunung Bagging. Retrieved 18 December 2016. Jump up ^ `` Nino Konis Santana National Park declared as Timor - Leste 's ( formerly East Timor ) first national park ''. Wildlife Extra. Jump up ^ Norwegian energy and Water Resources Directorate ( NVE ) ( 2004 ), Iralalaro Hydropower Project Environmental Assessment Jump up ^ `` ReefGIS -- Reefs At Risk -- Global 1998 ''. Reefgis.reefbase.org. Retrieved 28 March 2010. Jump up ^ de Brouwer, Gordon ( 2001 ), Hill, Hal ; Saldanha, João M., eds., East Timor : Development Challenges For The World 's Newest Nation, Canberra, Australia : Asia Pacific Press, pp. 39 -- 51, ISBN 0 - 3339 - 8716 - 0 Jump up ^ `` Timor - Leste 's Economy Remains Strong, Prospects for Private Sector Development Strengthened ''. Asian Development Bank. Archived from the original on 9 March 2013. ^ Jump up to : Schonhardt, Sara ( 19 April 2012 ). `` Former Army Chief Elected President in East Timor ''. The New York Times. ^ Jump up to : `` Observers divided over oil fund investment ''. IRIN Asia. Jump up ^ `` Article IV Consultation with the Democratic Republic of Timor - Leste ''. IMF. Jump up ^ `` East Timor axes Australia border treaty over oil reserves ''. BBC UK. ^ Jump up to : `` U.S. Relations With Timor - Leste ''. U.S. Department of State. 3 July 2012. Jump up ^ `` The Story of East Timorese Coffee ''. East Timor Now. Jump up ^ `` FAOSTAT ''. faostat3.fao.org. Jump up ^ `` Highlights of the 2010 Census Main Results in Timor - Leste '' ( PDF ). Direcção Nacional de Estatística. Archived from the original ( PDF ) on 28 September 2013. ^ Jump up to : `` Expanding Timor -- Leste 's Near -- Term Non -- Oil Exports '' ( PDF ). World Bank. August 2010. pp. iii. Jump up ^ `` Doing Business in Timor - Leste ''. World Bank. Retrieved 13 February 2013. Jump up ^ `` NRI Overall Ranking 2014 '' ( PDF ). World Economic Forum. Retrieved 28 June 2014. Jump up ^ `` TIMOR GAP TREATY between Australia and the Republic of Indonesia... '' Agreements, Treaties and Negotiated Settlements Project. Archived from the original on 16 June 2005. Retrieved 11 February 2013. Jump up ^ `` The Timor Sea Treaty : Are the Issues Resolved ? ''. Aph.gov.au. Archived from the original on 4 June 2011. Retrieved 17 July 2011. Jump up ^ Geoff A. McKee, oil and gas expert engineer, Lecturer, University of NSW, Sydney, Australia. `` McKee : How much is Sunrise really worth ? : True Value of a Timor Sea Gas Resource ( 26 Mar 05 ) ''. Canb.auug.org.au. Retrieved 17 July 2011. CS1 maint : Multiple names : authors list ( link ) Jump up ^ `` Prime Minister and Cabinet, Timor - Leste Government -- Media Releases ''. Pm.gov.tp. Archived from the original on 15 June 2011. Retrieved 17 July 2011. Jump up ^ Australian Broadcasting Corporation ( 5 December 2013 ). `` East Timor spying case : PM Xanana Gusmao calls for Australia to explain itself over ASIO raids ''. Australian Broadcasting Corporation. Jump up ^ `` Gazetteer -- Patents ''. Billanderson.com.au. Retrieved 28 March 2010. Jump up ^ `` East Timor : Administrative Division ''. City population. Jump up ^ `` The World Factbook ''. Cia.gov. Retrieved 14 January 2018. Jump up ^ `` Government of Timor - Leste ''. Timor-leste.gov.tl. Retrieved 14 January 2018. Jump up ^ Dickson, Paul ( 2006 ). Labels for Locals : What to Call People from Abilene to Zimbabwe. Collins. ISBN 978 - 0 - 06 - 088164 - 1. Jump up ^ `` The International Thesaurus of Refugee Terminology ''. UNHCR & FMO. Retrieved 14 January 2018. Jump up ^ `` Maubere '' article at the German Wikipedia. Jump up ^ Fox, James J. ; Soares, Dionisio Babo ( 2000 ). Out of the Ashes : Destruction and Reconstruction of East Timor. C. Hurst. p. 60. ISBN 978 - 1 - 85065 - 554 - 1. Jump up ^ Taylor, Jean Gelman ( 2003 ). Indonesia : Peoples and Histories. Yale University Press. p. 378. ISBN 978 - 0 - 300 - 10518 - 6. Jump up ^ Berlie, J. ( 2015 ), `` Chinese of East Timor '', HumaNetten, https://journals.lnu.se/index.php/hn Jump up ^ Constâncio Pinto ; Matthew Jardine ( 1997 ). East Timor 's Unfinished Struggle : Inside the East Timorese Resistance. South End Press. p. 263. ISBN 978 - 0 - 89608 - 541 - 1. ^ Jump up to : `` Timor Leste, Tetum, Portuguese, Bahasa Indonesia or English ? ''. 20 April 2012. Jump up ^ Taylor, Jean Gelman ( 2003 ). Indonesia : Peoples and Histories. New Haven and London : Yale University Press. p. 378. ISBN 978 - 0 - 300 - 10518 - 6. Jump up ^ `` Table 13 : Population distribution by mother tongue, Urban Rural and District ''. Volume 2 : Population Distribution by Administrative Areas ( PDF ). Population and Housing Census of Timor - Leste, 2010. Timor - Leste Ministry of Finance. p. 205. Jump up ^ Gross, Max L. ( 14 February 2008 ). A Muslim Archipelago : Islam and Politics in Southeast Asia : Islam and Politics in Southeast Asia ( PDF ). Government Printing Office. p. 119. ISBN 978 - 0 - 16 - 086920 - 4. Archived from the original on 21 Nov 2002. Jump up ^ Jarnagin, Laura ( 1 April 2012 ). Portuguese and Luso - Asian Legacies in Southeast Asia, 1511 -- 2011. Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. p. 106. ISBN 978 - 981 - 4345 - 50 - 7. Jump up ^ `` East Timor Pumps Up Portuguese -- Language Magazine ''. Languagemagazine.com. Retrieved 14 January 2018. Jump up ^ `` Languages of East Timor ''. Ethnologue. Jump up ^ `` JSMP Report '' ( PDF ). Archived from the original ( PDF ) on 11 February 2012. Retrieved 1 June 2016. Jump up ^ `` Estados Membros ''. União Latina. Jump up ^ `` Interactive Atlas of the World 's Languages in Danger ''. UNESCO. Jump up ^ `` National adult literacy rates ( 15 + ), youth literacy rates ( 15 -- 24 ) and elderly literacy rates ( 65 + ) ''. UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Jump up ^ Roslyn Appleby ( 30 August 2010 ). ELT, Gender and International Development : Myths of Progress in a Neocolonial World. Multilingual Matters. p. 92. ISBN 978 - 1 - 84769 - 303 - 7. ^ Jump up to : Robinson, G. If you leave us here, we will die, Princeton University Press 2010, p. 72. ^ Jump up to : `` Table 5.7 -- Profile Of Students That Attended The 2004 / 05 Academic Year By Rural And Urban Areas And By District ''. Direcção Nacional de Estatística. Archived from the original on 2009 - 11 - 14. ^ Jump up to : `` Human Development Report 2009 -- Timor - Leste ''. Hdrstats.undp.org. Archived from the original on 29 April 2009. Retrieved 28 March 2010. Jump up ^ `` Timor - Leste '' ( PDF ). United Nations Population Fund. Retrieved 11 February 2013. Jump up ^ `` The State Of The World 's Midwifery ''. United Nations Population Fund. Retrieved 1 June 2016. Jump up ^ The country where nearly two - thirds of men smoke, BBC News, Peter Taylor, 4 June 2014 Jump up ^ Hodal, Kate ( 25 June 2012 ). `` Cuban infusion remains the lifeblood of Timor - Leste 's health service ''. London : guardian.co.uk. Jump up ^ `` Timor - Leste : Demographic and Health Survey, 2016 '' ( PDF ). General Directorate of Statistics, Ministry of Planning and Finance & Ministry of Health. p. 35. Retrieved 21 April 2018. ^ Jump up to : Taylor, Jean Gelman ( 2003 ). Indonesia : Peoples and Histories. Yale University Press. p. 381. ISBN 978 - 0 - 300 - 10518 - 6. Jump up ^ Head, Jonathan ( 5 April 2005 ). `` East Timor mourns ' catalyst ' Pope ''. BBC News. Jump up ^ Hajek, John ; Tilman, Alexandre Vital ( 1 October 2001 ). East Timor Phrasebook. Lonely Planet. p. 56. ISBN 978 - 1 - 74059 - 020 - 4. Jump up ^ East Timor slowly rises from the ashes ETAN 21 September 2001 Online at etan.org. Retrieved 22 February 2008 ^ Jump up to : International Religious Freedom Report 2007 : Timor - Leste. United States Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights and Labor ( 14 September 2007 ). This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain. Jump up ^ `` Constitution Of The Democratic Republic of Timor - Leste '' ( PDF ). Governo de Timor - Leste. Jump up ^ `` Pope Benedict XVI erects new diocese in East Timor ''. Catholic News Agency. Jump up ^ Wise, Amanda ( 2006 ), Exile and Return Among the East Timorese, Philadelphia, PA : University of Pennsylvania Press, pp. 211 -- 218, ISBN 0 - 8122 - 3909 - 1 Jump up ^ `` Timor - Leste - Memory of the World Register - United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization ''. www.unesco.org. Jump up ^ `` LITERATURA DE TIMOR ''. Lusofonia.x10.mx. Retrieved 14 January 2018. Jump up ^ `` East Timor 's president accepts Xanana Gusmao 's resignation ''. ABC News. 9 February 2015. Retrieved 22 January 2017. Jump up ^ NFSA provides insight into Timor - Leste history on nfsa.gov.au Jump up ^ A connection with Timor - Leste on nfsa.gov.au Jump up ^ `` Fresh start for East Timor 's film scene ''. Sydney Morning Hearld. Retrieved 3 October 2013. Jump up ^ Madra, Ek ( 30 October 2008 ). `` World 's worst football team happy to win first point ''. Reuters. Retrieved 11 February 2013. Jump up ^ `` Thomas Americo -- BoxRec ''. boxrec.com. Bibliography Cashmore, Ellis ( 1988 ). Dictionary of Race and Ethnic Relations. New York : Routledge. ASIN B000NPHGX6 Charny, Israel W. Encyclopedia of Genocide Volume I. Denver : Abc Clio. Dunn, James ( 1996 ). East Timor : A People Betrayed. Sydney : Australian Broadcasting Corporation. Hägerdal, Hans ( 2012 ), Lords of the Land, Lords of the Sea ; Conflict and Adaptation in Early Colonial Timor, 1600 -- 1800. Oapen.org Leach, Michael, and Damien Kingsbury, eds. The Politics of Timor - Leste : Democratic Consolidation After Intervention ( Cornell Southeast Asia Program, distributed by Cornell University Press ; 2013 ) 292 pages ; Levinson, David. Ethnic Relations. Denver : Abc Clio. Rudolph, Joseph R. Encyclopedia of Modern Ethnic Conflicts. Westport : Greenwood P, 2003. 101 -- 106. Shelton, Dinah. Encyclopedia of Genocide and Crimes Against Humanity. Thompson Gale. Taylor, John G. ( 1999 ). East Timor : The Price of Freedom. Australia : Pluto Press. ISBN 978 - 1 - 85649 - 840 - 1. East Timor : a bibliography, a bibliographic reference, Jean A. Berlie, launched by PM Xanana Gusmão, Indes Savantes editor, Paris, France, published in 2001. ISBN 978 - 2 - 84654 - 012 - 4, ISBN 978 - 2 - 84654 - 012 - 4. East Timor, politics and elections ( in Chinese ) / 东帝汶 政治 与 选举 ( 2001 -- 2006 ) : 国家 建设 及 前景 展望, Jean A. Berlie, Institute of Southeast Asian Studies of Jinan University editor, Jinan, China, published in 2007. External links Find more aboutEast Timorat Wikipedia 's sister projects Definitions from Wiktionary Media from Wikimedia Commons News from Wikinews Quotations from Wikiquote Texts from Wikisource Textbooks from Wikibooks Travel guide from Wikivoyage Learning resources from Wikiversity Government Timor - Leste official government website Chief of State and Cabinet Members General information `` Timor - Leste ''. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. East Timor from UCB Libraries GovPubs Timor - Leste at Curlie ( based on DMOZ ) East Timor at Encyclopædia Britannica East Timor profile BBC News Wikimedia Atlas of East Timor Key Development Forecasts for Timor - Leste from International Futures Wikibooks Cookbook has a recipe / module on East Timor East Timor articles History Timeline Pre-colonial Timor Portuguese rule Colonial governors Japanese invasion Indonesian invasion Indonesian occupation Indonesian rule Dili massacre 1999 referendum 1999 crisis Peacekeeping efforts Transition to independence Tribunals 2006 crisis 2008 crisis Geography Cities, towns and villages Districts Islands Protected areas Rivers Subdistricts Sucos Tatamailau Timor Wildlife Politics Constitution Elections Foreign aid Foreign relations Human rights LGBT LGBT history Law enforcement Military Parliament Political parties President Prime Minister United Nations mission Economy Centavo coins Escudo ( former currency ) Pataca ( former currency ) Telecommunications Transport airports Society Cuisine Culture Demographics Languages Literature Music Notable people Religion Sports Smoking Symbols Anthem Coat of arms Flag Outline Index Category Portal Administrative divisions Municipalities of East Timor Aileu Ainaro Baucau Bobonaro Cova Lima Dili Ermera Lautém Liquiçá Manatuto Manufahi Oecusse Viqueque Capitals of Municipalities of East Timor Aileu Ainaro Baucau Dili Gleno Liquiçá Lospalos Maliana Manatuto Pante Macassar Same Suai Viqueque Administrative posts of East Timor Aileu Aileu Laulara Lequidoe Remexio Ainaro Ainaro Hato - Udo Hatu - Builico Maubisse Baucau Baguia Baucau Laga Quelicai Vemasse Venilale Bobonaro Atabae Balibó Bobonaro Cailaco Lolotoi Maliana Cova Lima Fatululique Fatumean Fuorém Maucatar Suai Tilomar Zumulai Dili Atauro Cristo Rei Dom Aleixo Metinaro Nain Feto Vera Cruz Ermera Atsabe Ermera Hatólia Letefuó Railaco Lautém Iliomar Lautém Lospalos Luro Tutuala Liquiçá Bazartete Liquiçá Maubara Manatuto Barique - Natarbora Laclo Laclubar Laleia Manatuto Soibada Manufahi Alas Fatuberliu Same Turiscai Oecusse Nitibe Oesilo Pante Macassar Passabe Viqueque Lacluta Ossu Uatolari Uato Carabau Viqueque Sucos of East Timor Aisirimou Bandudatu Betano Fahiria Fatisi Fatubosa Funar Hoholau Lahae Lausi Lifau Liurai Malere Mape Matai Saboria Seloi Craic Seloi Malere Geographic international Countries and dependencies of Asia Sovereign states Afghanistan Armenia Azerbaijan Bahrain Bangladesh Bhutan Brunei Cambodia China Cyprus Egypt Georgia India Indonesia Iran Iraq Israel Japan Jordan Kazakhstan North Korea South Korea Kuwait Kyrgyzstan Laos Lebanon Malaysia Maldives Mongolia Myanmar Nepal Oman Palestine Pakistan Philippines Qatar Russia Saudi Arabia Singapore Sri Lanka Syria Tajikistan Thailand East Timor ( Timor - Leste ) Turkey Turkmenistan United Arab Emirates Uzbekistan Vietnam Yemen States with limited recognition Abkhazia Artsakh Northern Cyprus South Ossetia Taiwan Dependencies and special administrative regions Australia Christmas Island Cocos ( Keeling ) Islands China Hong Kong Macau United Kingdom Akrotiri and Dhekelia British Indian Ocean Territory Countries and other territories in Southeast Asia Sovereign states Brunei Cambodia East Timor Indonesia Laos Malaysia Myanmar Philippines Singapore Thailand Vietnam Dependent territories Christmas Island ( Australia ) Cocos ( Keeling ) Islands ( Australia ) Subdivisions Paracel Islands ( controlled by China ) Pratas Islands ( controlled by Taiwan ) Spratly Islands ( disputed among and controlled by various claimants ) Andaman and Nicobar Islands ( India ) Countries of the Malay Archipelago Brunei East Timor Indonesia Malaysia Philippines Singapore Papua New Guinea International membership Pacific Islands Forum ( PIF ) Members Australia Cook Islands Fiji Kiribati Marshall Islands Micronesia Nauru New Zealand Niue Palau Papua New Guinea Samoa Solomon Islands Tonga Tuvalu Vanuatu Associate members French Polynesia New Caledonia Observers Commonwealth of Nations East Timor Tokelau United Nations Wallis and Futuna Guam American Samoa Northern Mariana Islands Asian Development Bank Western and Central Pacific Fisheries Commission ( WCPFC ) Dialogue partners Canada China Cuba European Union France India Indonesia Italy Japan Korea Malaysia Philippines Spain Thailand Turkey United Kingdom United States Meetings 45th Association of Southeast Asian Nations Politics Charter Customs union Date of Establishment Organisations Secretariat Treaty of Amity and Cooperation Visa policies Symbols Anthem Emblem Flag Hymn Membership Brunei Cambodia Indonesia Laos Malaysia Myanmar Philippines Singapore Thailand Vietnam Observer and Candidate for Member Papua New Guinea East Timor Events Summits ASEAN Summit East Asia Summit Other ASEAN Plus Three Asian Monetary Unit ASEAN Regional Forum Asia -- Europe Meeting Chiang Mai Initiative Comprehensive Economic Partnership for East Asia Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership Competitions SEA Games ASEAN University Games ASEAN School Games ASEAN Para Games ASEAN Football Championship ASEAN Armies Rifle Meet Related ASEAN Football Federation ASEAN Free Trade Area ASEAN -- China Free Trade Area ASEAN -- India Free Trade Area Common Time Economy East Asia Summit ( EAS ) First Second Third Fourth Fifth Sixth Seventh Eighth Ninth Tenth Eleventh Twelfth Australia Brunei Cambodia China India Indonesia Japan Laos Malaysia Myanmar New Zealand Philippines Russia Singapore South Korea Thailand United States Vietnam Non-Aligned Movement Members List of members of Non-Aligned Movement India and the Non-Aligned Movement Yugoslavia and the Non-Aligned Movement Egypt and the Non-Aligned Movement Structure Organizations NAM News Network Principles Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence Summits Bandung Conference Non-Aligned Foreign Ministers Conference 16th Summit of the Non-Aligned Movement Founders Josip Broz Tito ( Yugoslavia ) Sukarno ( Indonesia ) Jawaharlal Nehru ( India ) Kwame Nkrumah ( Ghana ) Gamal Abdel Nasser ( Egypt ) People Houari Boumediene Fidel Castro Nelson Mandela Mohamed Morsi Nicolás Maduro World Trade Organization System Accession and membership Appellate Body Dispute Settlement Body International Trade Centre Chronology of key events Issues Criticism Doha Development Round Singapore issues Quota Elimination Peace Clause Agreements General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade Agriculture Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures Technical Barriers to Trade Trade Related Investment Measures Trade in Services Trade - Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights Government Procurement Information Technology Marrakech Agreement Doha Declaration Bali Package Ministerial Conferences 1st ( 1996 ) 2nd ( 1998 ) 3rd ( 1999 ) 4th ( 2001 ) 5th ( 2003 ) 6th ( 2005 ) 7th ( 2009 ) 8th ( 2011 ) 9th ( 2013 ) 10th ( 2015 ) People Roberto Azevêdo ( Director - General ) Pascal Lamy Supachai Panitchpakdi Alejandro Jara Rufus Yerxa Members Afghanistan Albania Algeria Angola Antigua and Barbuda Argentina Armenia Australia Bahrain Bangladesh Barbados Belize Benin Bolivia Botswana Brazil Brunei Burkina Faso Burma Burundi Cambodia Cameroon Canada Cape Verde Central African Republic Chad Chile China Colombia Democratic Republic of the Congo Republic of the Congo Costa Rica Côte d'Ivoire Cuba Djibouti Dominica Dominican Republic Ecuador Egypt El Salvador Fiji Gabon The Gambia Georgia Ghana Grenada Guatemala Guinea Guinea - Bissau Guyana Haiti Honduras Hong Kong Iceland India Indonesia Israel Jamaica Japan Jordan Kazakhstan Kenya South Korea Kuwait Kyrgyzstan Laos Lesotho Liberia Liechtenstein Macau Macedonia Madagascar Malawi Malaysia Maldives Mali Mauritania Mauritius Mexico Moldova Mongolia Montenegro Morocco Mozambique Namibia Nepal New Zealand Nicaragua Niger Nigeria Norway Oman Pakistan Panama Papua New Guinea Paraguay Peru Philippines Qatar Russia Rwanda St. Kitts and Nevis St. Lucia St. Vincent and the Grenadines Samoa Saudi Arabia Senegal Seychelles Sierra Leone Singapore Solomon Islands South Africa Sri Lanka Suriname Swaziland Switzerland Tajikistan Taiwan Tanzania Thailand Togo Tonga Trinidad and Tobago Tunisia Turkey Uganda Ukraine United Arab Emirates United States Uruguay Venezuela Vietnam Yemen Zambia Zimbabwe European Union Austria Belgium Bulgaria Croatia Cyprus Czech Republic Denmark Estonia Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Ireland Italy Latvia Lithuania Luxembourg Malta Netherlands Poland Portugal Romania Slovakia Slovenia Spain Sweden United Kingdom Special administrative regions of the People 's Republic of China, participates as `` Hong Kong, China '' and `` Macao China ''. Officially the Republic of China, participates as `` Separate Customs Territory of Taiwan, Penghu, Kinmen and Matsu '', and `` Chinese Taipei '' in short. Languages Community of Portuguese Language Countries ( CPLP ) Category Membership Members Angola Brazil Cape Verde East Timor Equatorial Guinea Guinea - Bissau Mozambique Portugal São Tomé and Príncipe Observers Georgia Japan Mauritius Namibia Senegal Turkey Organization CPLP Games Flag TV CPLP ACOLOP Lusophony Games Portuguese - using countries History Portuguese overseas empire North Africa 15th century 1415 -- 1640 Ceuta 1458 -- 1550 Alcácer Ceguer ( El Qsar es Seghir ) 1471 -- 1550 Arzila ( Asilah ) 1471 -- 1662 Tangier 1485 -- 1550 Mazagan ( El Jadida ) 1487 -- 16th century Ouadane 1488 -- 1541 Safim ( Safi ) 1489 Graciosa 16th century 1505 -- 1541 Santa Cruz do Cabo de Gué ( Agadir ) 1506 -- 1525 Mogador ( Essaouira ) 1506 -- 1525 Aguz ( Souira Guedima ) 1506 -- 1769 Mazagan ( El Jadida ) 1513 -- 1541 Azamor ( Azemmour ) 1515 -- 1541 São João da Mamora ( Mehdya ) 1577 -- 1589 Arzila ( Asilah ) Sub-Saharan Africa 15th century 1455 -- 1633 Anguim 1462 -- 1975 Cape Verde 1470 -- 1975 São Tomé 1471 -- 1975 Príncipe 1474 -- 1778 Annobón 1478 -- 1778 Fernando Poo ( Bioko ) 1482 -- 1637 Elmina ( São Jorge da Mina ) 1482 -- 1642 Portuguese Gold Coast 1508 -- 1547 Madagascar 1498 -- 1540 Mascarene Islands 16th century 1500 -- 1630 Malindi 1501 -- 1975 Portuguese Mozambique 1502 -- 1659 Saint Helena 1503 -- 1698 Zanzibar 1505 -- 1512 Quíloa ( Kilwa ) 1506 -- 1511 Socotra 1557 -- 1578 Accra 1575 -- 1975 Portuguese Angola 1588 -- 1974 Cacheu 1593 -- 1698 Mombassa ( Mombasa ) 17th century 1645 -- 1888 Ziguinchor 1680 -- 1961 São João Baptista de Ajudá 1687 -- 1974 Bissau 18th century 1728 -- 1729 Mombassa ( Mombasa ) 1753 -- 1975 Portuguese São Tomé and Príncipe 19th century 1879 -- 1974 Portuguese Guinea 1885 -- 1974 Portuguese Congo Part of São Tomé and Príncipe from 1753. Or 1600. A factory ( Anosy Region ) and small temporary coastal bases. Part of Portuguese Guinea from 1879. Part of Portuguese Angola from the 1920s. Middle East ( Persian Gulf ) 16th century 1506 -- 1615 Gamru ( Bandar Abbas ) 1507 -- 1643 Sohar 1515 -- 1622 Hormuz ( Ormus ) 1515 -- 1648 Quriyat 1515 -- ? Qalhat 1515 -- 1650 Muscat 1515 ? -- ? Barka 1515 -- 1633 ? Julfar ( Ras al - Khaimah ) 1521 -- 1602 Bahrain ( Muharraq Manama ) 1521 -- 1529 ? Qatif 1521 ? -- 1551 ? Tarut Island 1550 -- 1551 Qatif 1588 -- 1648 Matrah 17th century 1620 -- ? Khor Fakkan 1621 ? -- ? As Sib 1621 -- 1622 Qeshm 1623 -- ? Khasab 1623 -- ? Libedia 1624 -- ? Kalba 1624 -- ? Madha 1624 -- 1648 Dibba Al - Hisn 1624 ? -- ? Bandar - e Kong Indian subcontinent 15th century 1498 -- 1545 Laccadive Islands ( Lakshadweep ) 16th century Portuguese India 1500 -- 1663 Cochim ( Kochi ) 1501 -- 1663 Cannanore ( Kannur ) 1502 -- 1658 1659 -- 1661 Quilon ( Coulão / Kollam ) 1502 -- 1661 Pallipuram ( Cochin de Cima ) 1507 -- 1657 Negapatam ( Nagapatnam ) 1510 -- 1961 Goa 1512 -- 1525 1750 Calicut ( Kozhikode ) 1518 -- 1619 Portuguese Paliacate outpost ( Pulicat ) 1521 -- 1740 Chaul ( Portuguese India ) 1523 -- 1662 Mylapore 1528 -- 1666 Chittagong ( Porto Grande De Bengala ) 1531 -- 1571 Chaul 1531 -- 1571 Chalé 1534 -- 1601 Salsette Island 1534 -- 1661 Bombay ( Mumbai ) 1535 Ponnani 1535 -- 1739 Baçaím ( Vasai - Virar ) 1536 -- 1662 Cranganore ( Kodungallur ) 1540 -- 1612 Surat 1548 -- 1658 Tuticorin ( Thoothukudi ) 1559 -- 1961 Daman and Diu 1568 -- 1659 Mangalore ( Portuguese India ) 1579 -- 1632 Hugli 1598 -- 1610 Masulipatnam ( Machilipatnam ) 1518 -- 1521 Maldives 1518 -- 1658 Portuguese Ceylon ( Sri Lanka ) 1558 -- 1573 Maldives 17th century Portuguese India 1687 -- 1749 Mylapore 18th century Portuguese India 1779 -- 1954 Dadra and Nagar Haveli East Asia and Oceania 16th century 1511 -- 1641 Portuguese Malacca ( Malaysia ) 1512 -- 1621 Maluku ( Indonesia ) 1522 -- 1575 Ternate 1576 -- 1605 Ambon 1578 -- 1650 Tidore 1512 -- 1665 Makassar 1557 -- 1999 Macau ( China ) 1580 -- 1586 Nagasaki ( Japan ) 17th century 1642 -- 1975 Portuguese Timor ( East Timor ) 19th century Portuguese Macau 1864 -- 1999 Coloane 1851 -- 1999 Taipa 1890 -- 1999 Ilha Verde 20th century Portuguese Macau 1938 -- 1941 Lapa and Montanha ( Hengqin ) 1975 is the year of East Timor 's Declaration of Independence and subsequent invasion by Indonesia. In 2002, East Timor 's independence was fully recognized. North America & North Atlantic 15th century ( Atlantic islands ) 1420 Madeira 1432 Azores 16th century ( Canada ) 1500 -- 1579 ? Terra Nova ( Newfoundland ) 1500 -- 1579 ? Labrador 1516 -- 1579 ? Nova Scotia South America & Antilles 16th century 1500 -- 1822 Brazil 1534 -- 1549 Captaincy Colonies of Brazil 1549 -- 1572 Brazil 1572 -- 1578 Bahia 1572 -- 1578 Rio de Janeiro 1578 -- 1607 Brazil 1621 -- 1815 Brazil 1536 -- 1620 Barbados 17th century 1621 -- 1751 Maranhão 1680 -- 1777 Nova Colónia do Sacramento 18th century 1751 -- 1772 Grão - Pará and Maranhão 1772 -- 1775 Grão - Pará and Rio Negro 1772 -- 1775 Maranhão and Piauí 19th century 1808 -- 1822 Cisplatina ( Uruguay ) 1809 -- 1817 Portuguese Guiana ( Amapá ) 1822 Upper Peru ( Bolivia ) Coats of arms of Portuguese colonies Evolution of the Portuguese Empire Portuguese colonial architecture Portuguese colonialism in Indonesia Portuguese colonization of the Americas Theory of the Portuguese discovery of Australia GND : 4075765 - 1 LCCN : n2002021667 NARA : 10044822 NDL : 00936307 SELIBR : 161041 VIAF : 261956400 Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=East_Timor&oldid=843082855 '' Categories : East Timor Timor Countries of the Indian Ocean Southeast Asian countries Least developed countries Maritime Southeast Asia Member states of the Community of Portuguese Language Countries Member states of the United Nations Members of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization Former Portuguese colonies Portuguese - speaking countries and territories Republics Small Island Developing States States and territories established in 1975 States and territories established in 2002 1975 establishments in Asia 2002 establishments in Asia Countries in Asia Hidden categories : All articles with dead external links Articles with dead external links from January 2018 Webarchive template wayback links CS1 maint : Multiple names : authors list Articles with dead external links from April 2018 Articles with permanently dead external links EngvarB from October 2015 Use dmy dates from December 2017 Articles containing Tetum - language text Articles containing Portuguese - language text Articles containing explicitly cited English - language text Coordinates on Wikidata Articles with hAudio microformats Articles including recorded pronunciations ( English ) All articles with unsourced statements Articles with unsourced statements from January 2008 Articles with unsourced statements from December 2012 Articles with unsourced statements from September 2014 Articles with unsourced statements from July 2013 Articles needing additional references from May 2018 All articles needing additional references Articles with unsourced statements from November 2012 Articles with unsourced statements from February 2013 Articles with unsourced statements from July 2016 Articles with Curlie links Wikipedia articles with GND identifiers Wikipedia articles with LCCN identifiers Wikipedia articles with SELIBR identifiers Wikipedia articles with VIAF identifiers Talk Contents About Wikipedia Wikinews Wikivoyage Languages Acèh Afrikaans Alemannisch አማርኛ Ænglisc Aragonés Arpetan অসমীয়া Asturianu Azərbaycanca تۆرکجه বাংলা Bahasa Banjar Bân - lâm - gú Basa Banyumasan Башҡортса Беларуская Беларуская ( тарашкевіца ) ‎ भोजपुरी Bikol Central Български Boarisch བོད ་ ཡིག Bosanski Brezhoneg Буряад Català Cebuano Čeština Chavacano de Zamboanga ChiShona ChiTumbuka Corsu Cymraeg Dansk Davvisámegiella Deutsch ދިވެހިބަސް Dolnoserbski Eesti Ελληνικά Español Esperanto Estremeñu Euskara فارسی Fiji Hindi Føroyskt Français Frysk Fulfulde Gaeilge Gaelg Gagauz Gàidhlig Galego ગુજરાતી गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni 客家 語 / Hak - kâ - ngî Хальмг 한국어 Hausa Հայերեն हिन्दी Hornjoserbsce Hrvatski Ido Ilokano বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী Bahasa Indonesia Interlingua Interlingue Ирон Íslenska Italiano עברית Basa Jawa ಕನ್ನಡ Kapampangan ქართული Қазақша Kernowek Kinyarwanda Kiswahili Kongo Kreyòl ayisyen Kurdî Кыргызча Ladino ລາວ Latina Latviešu Lëtzebuergesch Lietuvių Ligure Limburgs Lingála Livvinkarjala Lumbaart Magyar मैथिली Македонски മലയാളം मराठी მარგალური مصرى مازِرونی Bahasa Melayu Baso Minangkabau Mìng - dĕ̤ng - ngṳ̄ Mirandés Монгол မြန်မာဘာသာ Nāhuatl Dorerin Naoero Nederlands नेपाली नेपाल भाषा 日本 語 Нохчийн Nordfriisk Norfuk / Pitkern Norsk Norsk nynorsk Novial Occitan Олык марий ଓଡ଼ିଆ Oromoo Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча ਪੰਜਾਬੀ پنجابی Papiamentu Patois ភាសា ខ្មែរ Piemontèis Tok Pisin Plattdüütsch Polski Português Qaraqalpaqsha Qırımtatarca Română Runa Simi Русский Саха тыла Gagana Samoa Sängö Scots Seeltersk Shqip Sicilianu සිංහල Simple English سنڌي Slovenčina Slovenščina Ślůnski Soomaaliga کوردی Српски / srpski Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски Basa Sunda Suomi Svenska Tagalog தமிழ் Taqbaylit Татарча / tatarça తెలుగు Tetun ไทย Тоҷикӣ Türkçe Türkmençe Удмурт ᨅᨔ ᨕᨘᨁᨗ Українська اردو ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche Vahcuengh Vèneto Vepsän kel ' Tiếng Việt Volapük Võro 文言 West - Vlams Winaray Wolof 吴语 ייִדיש Yorùbá 粵語 Zazaki Zeêuws Žemaitėška 中文 डोटेली Lingua Franca Nova 192 more Edit links This page was last edited on 26 May 2018, at 19 : 18. Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution - ShareAlike License ; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia ® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization. About Wikipedia

Question: who is the president of newly declared independent country east timor
Answer: Francisco Guterres