Belgrade - wikipedia Belgrade For other uses, see Belgrade ( disambiguation ). City in Belgrade, Serbia Belgrade Beograd Београд City City of Belgrade From the top : Panorama of New Belgrade, Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Kalemegdan Fortress, House of the National Assembly, Church of Saint Sava, City Hall and Belgrade night view Flag Coat of arms Belgrade Belgrade Show map of Serbia Show map of Europe Show all Coordinates : 44 ° 49 ′ N 20 ° 28 ′ E ﻿ / ﻿ 44.817 ° N 20.467 ° E ﻿ / 44.817 ; 20.467 Coordinates : 44 ° 49 ′ N 20 ° 28 ′ E ﻿ / ﻿ 44.817 ° N 20.467 ° E ﻿ / 44.817 ; 20.467 Country Serbia Region Belgrade Municipalities 17 Establishment Prior to 279 B.C. ( Singidunum ) Government Mayor Zoran Radojičić ( SNS ) Ruling parties SNS / SPS - PUPS / DSS Area City 359.96 km ( 138.98 sq mi ) Urban 1,035 km ( 400 sq mi ) Metro 3,222.68 km ( 1,244.28 sq mi ) Area rank 1st in Serbia Elevation 117 m ( 384 ft ) Population ( 2011 Census ) City 1,166,763 Rank 1st in Serbia Density 3,241 / km ( 8,390 / sq mi ) Urban 1,233,796 District 1,683,962 District density 514 / km ( 1,330 / sq mi ) Demonym ( s ) Belgrader ( en ) Beograđanin ( sr ) Time zone CET ( UTC + 1 ) Summer ( DST ) CEST ( UTC + 2 ) Postal code 11000 Area code ( s ) + 381 ( 0 ) 11 ISO 3166 code RS - 00 Car plates BG Website www.beograd.rs Belgrade ( / ˈbɛlɡreɪd / BEL - grayd ; Serbian : Beograd / Београд, meaning `` white city '', Serbian pronunciation : ( beǒɡrad ) ( listen ) ; names in other languages ) is the capital and largest city of Serbia. It is located at the confluence of the Sava and Danube rivers, where the Pannonian Plain meets the Balkans. The urban area of the City of Belgrade has a population of 1.23 million, while nearly 1.7 million people live within its administrative limits. One of the most important prehistoric cultures of Europe, the Vinča culture, evolved within the Belgrade area in the 6th millennium BC. In antiquity, Thraco - Dacians inhabited the region and after 279 BC Celts conquered the city, naming it Singidūn. It was conquered by the Romans during the reign of Augustus, and awarded city rights in the mid-2nd century. It was settled by the Slavs in the 520s, and changed hands several times between the Byzantine Empire, Frankish Empire, Bulgarian Empire and Kingdom of Hungary before it became the capital of Serbian king Stephen Dragutin ( 1282 -- 1316 ). In 1521, Belgrade was conquered by the Ottoman Empire and became the seat of the Sanjak of Smederevo. It frequently passed from Ottoman to Habsburg rule, which saw the destruction of most of the city during the Austro - Ottoman wars. Belgrade was again named the capital of Serbia in 1841. Northern Belgrade remained the southernmost Habsburg post until 1918, when the city was reunited. As a strategic location, the city was battled over in 115 wars and razed 44 times. Belgrade was the capital of Yugoslavia from its creation in 1918. Belgrade has a special administrative status within Serbia and it is one of five statistical regions of Serbia. Its metropolitan territory is divided into 17 municipalities, each with its own local council. The city of Belgrade covers 3.6 % of Serbia 's territory, and around 24 % of the country 's population lives within its administrative limits. It is classified as a Beta - Global City. Contents 1 History 1.1 Prehistory 1.2 Antiquity 1.3 Middle Ages 1.4 Ottoman rule and Austrian invasions 1.5 Principality / Kingdom of Serbia 1.6 World War I 1.7 Kingdom of Yugoslavia 1.8 World War II 1.9 Socialist Yugoslavia 1.10 Breakup of Yugoslavia 1.11 Contemporary period 2 Geography 2.1 Climate 3 Administration 3.1 Capital city 3.2 Municipalities 4 Demographics 5 Economy 6 Culture 6.1 Museums 6.2 Architecture 6.3 Tourism 6.4 Nightlife 6.5 Sport 6.6 Fashion and Design 7 Media 8 Education 9 Transportation 10 International cooperation and honours 11 See also 12 References 13 Sources 14 External links History Main articles : History of Belgrade and Timeline of Belgrade history Prehistory See also : Prehistoric sites in Serbia and Prehistory of Southeastern Europe A Vinča culture figure Chipped stone tools found at Zemun show that the area around Belgrade was inhabited by nomadic foragers in the Palaeolithic and Mesolithic eras. Some of these tools belong to the Mousterian industry, which are associated with Neanderthals rather than modern humans. Aurignacian and Gravettian tools have also been discovered there, indicating occupation between 50,000 and 20,000 years ago. Belgrade 1789 The first farming people to settle in the region are associated with the Neolithic Starčevo culture, which flourished between 6200 and 5200 BC. There are several Starčevo sites in and around Belgrade, including the eponymous site of Starčevo. The Starčevo culture was succeeded by the Vinča culture ( 5500 -- 4500 BC ), a more sophisticated farming culture that grew out of the earlier Starčevo settlements which is also named for a site in the Belgrade region ( Vinča - Belo Brdo ). The Vinča culture is known for its very large settlements, one of the earliest settlements by continuous habitation and some of the largest in prehistoric Europe ; anthropomorphic figurines such as the Lady of Vinča ; the earliest known copper metallurgy in Europe ; a proto - writing form developed prior to the Sumerians and Minoans, known as the Old European script, dating back to around 5300 BC. When it comes to the modern urban zone of the city, in the modern Cetinjska Street in downtown, a skull of a Paleolithic human was discovered in 1890. The skull is dated to before 5000 BC. Antiquity Barutana lapidarium, ancient monuments from Singidunum The medieval walls of the Belgrade Fortress, where the walls of the Roman castrum Singidunum had been discovered Evidence of early knowledge about Belgrade 's geographical location comes from ancient myths and legends. The rock overlooking the confluence of the Sava and Danube rivers has been identified as one of the places in the story of Jason and the Argonauts. The Paleo - Balkan tribes of Thracians and Dacians ruled this area prior to the Roman conquest. Belgrade was inhabited by a Thraco - Dacian tribe Singi ; after the Celtic invasion in 279 BC, the Scordisci took the city, naming it `` Singidūn '' ( dūn, fortress ). In 34 -- 33 BC the Roman army led by Silanus reached Belgrade. It became the romanized Singidunum in the 1st century AD, and by the mid-2nd century, the city was proclaimed a municipium by the Roman authorities, evolving into a full - fledged colonia ( highest city class ) by the end of the century. Apart from the first Christian Emperor of Rome who was born in the territory of modern Serbia in Naissus -- Constantine I known as Constantine the Great -- another early Roman Emperor was born in Singidunum : Flavius Iovianus ( Jovian ), the restorer of Christianity. Jovian reestablished Christianity as the official religion of the Roman Empire, ending the brief revival of traditional Roman religions under his predecessor Julian the Apostate. In 395 AD, the site passed to the Eastern Roman or Byzantine Empire. Across the Sava from Singidunum was the Celtic city of Taurunum ( Zemun ) ; the two were connected with a bridge throughout Roman and Byzantine times. Middle Ages See also : Serbia in the Middle Ages Historical affiliations Kingdom of Serbia ( Syrmia ) 1282 -- 1325 Kingdom of Hungary 1325 -- 1404 Serbian Despotate 1404 -- 1427 Kingdom of Hungary 1427 -- 1521 Ottoman Empire 1521 -- 1688 Habsburg Monarchy 1688 -- 1690 Ottoman Empire 1690 -- 1717 Habsburg Monarchy 1717 -- 1739 Ottoman Empire 1739 -- 1789 Habsburg Monarchy 1789 -- 1791 Ottoman Empire 1791 -- 1806 Revolutionary Serbia 1806 -- 1813 Ottoman Empire 1813 -- 1867 Principality of Serbia 1867 -- 1882 Kingdom of Serbia 1882 -- 1915 Austria - Hungary 1915 -- 1918 Kingdom of Serbia 1918 Kingdom of Yugoslavia 1918 -- 1941 Nazi Germany 1941 -- 1944 SFR Yugoslavia 1944 -- 1992 Serbia and Montenegro 1992 -- 2006 Republic of Serbia 2006 -- In 442, the area was ravaged by Attila the Hun. In 471, it was taken by Theodoric the Great, who continued into Greece. As the Ostrogoths left for Italy, the Gepids took over the city. In 539 it was retaken by the Byzantines. In 577, some 100,000 Slavs poured into Thrace and Illyricum, pillaging cities and settling down. The Avars under Bayan I conquered the whole region by 582. According to Byzantine chronicle De Administrando Imperio, the White Serbs had stopped in Belgrade on their way back home, asking the strategos for lands ; they received provinces in the west, towards the Adriatic, which they would rule as subjects to Heraclius ( 610 -- 641 ). In 829 Khan Omurtag was able to add Singidunum and its environs to the First Bulgarian Empire. Siege of 1456, Ottoman miniature. The first record of the name Belograd appeared on April, 16th, 878, in a Papal letter to Bulgarian ruler Boris I. Later, this name appeared in several variants : Alba Graeca ( Greek city ), Griechisch Wiessenburg ( Greek white castle ), Nandor Alba ( City of the Bulgarians ), Nandor Fejervar ( The white castle of the Bulgarians ), Castelbianco ( White Castle ), Alba Bulgarica ( Bulgarian City ). For about four centuries, the city remained a battleground between the Byzantine Empire, the Kingdom of Hungary and the Bulgarian Empire. Basil II ( 976 -- 1025 ) installed a garrison in Belgrade. The city hosted the armies of the First and the Second Crusade ; while passing through during the Third Crusade, Frederick Barbarossa and his 190,000 crusaders saw Belgrade in ruins. King Stefan Dragutin ( r. 1276 -- 1282 ) received Belgrade from his father - in - law, Stephen V of Hungary in 1284 ; it served as the capital of the Kingdom of Syrmia, and Dragutin is regarded as the first Serbian king to rule over Belgrade as a vassal to the Kingdom of Hungary. Following the battles at Maritsa ( 1371 ) and Kosovo field ( 1389 ), Serbia began to crumble as the Ottoman Empire conquered its southern territory. The north resisted through the Serbian Despotate, which had Belgrade as its capital. The city flourished under Stefan Lazarević, son of Serbian prince Lazar Hrebeljanović. Lazarević built a castle with a citadel and towers, of which only the Despot 's tower and west wall remain. He also refortified the city 's ancient walls, allowing the Despotate to resist the Ottomans for almost 70 years. During this time, Belgrade was a haven for many Balkan peoples fleeing Ottoman rule, and is thought to have had a population of 40,000 to 50,000 people. In 1427, Stefan 's successor Đurađ Branković had to return Belgrade to the Hungarian king, and Smederevo became the new capital. Although the Ottomans captured most of the Serbian Despotate, Belgrade, known as Nándorfehérvár in Hungarian, was unsuccessfully besieged in 1440 and 1456. As the city presented an obstacle to the Ottoman advance into Hungary and further, over 100,000 Ottoman soldiers besieged it in 1456, in which the Christian army led by the Hungarian General John Hunyadi successfully defended it. The noon bell ordered by Pope Callixtus III commemorates the victory throughout the Christian world to this day. Ottoman rule and Austrian invasions See also : History of Ottoman Serbia Belgrade in 1684 Seven decades after the initial siege, on 28 August 1521, the fort was finally captured by Ottoman Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent and his 250,000 soldiers and over 100 ships subsequently, most of the city was razed to the ground and its entire Orthodox Christian population was deported to Istanbul, to an area that has since become known as the Belgrade forest. Belgrade was made the seat of the district ( Sanjak ), becoming the second largest Ottoman town in Europe at over 100,000 people, surpassed only by Constantinople. Ottoman rule also introduced Ottoman architecture, including numerous mosques, increasing the city 's Oriental influences. In 1594, a major Serb rebellion was crushed by the Ottomans. Later, Grand vizier Sinan Pasha ordered the relics of Saint Sava to be publicly torched on the Vračar plateau ; in the 20th century, the Temple of Saint Sava was built to commemorate this event. Occupied by the Habsburgs three times ( 1688 -- 1690, 1717 -- 1739, 1789 -- 1791 ), headed by the Holy Roman Princes Maximilian of Bavaria and Eugene of Savoy, and field marshal Baron Ernst Gideon von Laudon respectively, Belgrade was quickly recaptured by the Ottomans and substantially razed each time. During this period, the city was affected by the two Great Serbian Migrations, in which hundreds of thousands of Serbs, led by two Serbian Patriarchs, retreated together with the Austrians into the Habsburg Empire, settling in today 's Vojvodina and Slavonia. Principality / Kingdom of Serbia At the beginning of the 19th century, Belgrade was predominantly inhabited by Muslim population. Traces of Ottoman rule and architecture -- such as mosques and bazaars -- were to remain a part of Belgrade 's townscape throughout a great time of the 19th century, even several decades after Serbia was granted autonomy from the Ottoman Empire. During the First Serbian Uprising, the Serbian revolutionaries held the city from 8 January 1807 until 1813, when it was retaken by the Ottomans. After the Second Serbian Uprising in 1815, Serbia reached semi-independence, which was formally recognized by the Porte in 1830. Knez Mihailova street at the end of the 19th century Slavija Square. The development of Belgrade architecture after 1815 can be divided into four periods. In the first phase that lasted from 1815 to 1835 the dominant architectural style was still the Balkan or rather Balkan - Ottoman one. At the same time the interest for Central and Western European architecture started to grow. Between 1835 and 1850 a rise in the construction of neoclassicist and baroque buildings could be observed. One of the buildings from that time is the one in which the pedagogical museum is located today. The third phase ( 1850 -- 1875 ) was characterized by serious attempts of turning towards romanticism, which implied the combination of romanticist and gothic architecture with that from the early period of the renaissance. Typical of the last quarter of the 19th century was the eclecticist style on the basis of the renaissance and baroque. In 1841, Prince Mihailo Obrenović moved the capital from Kragujevac to Belgrade. During his first reign ( 1815 -- 1839 ) Prince Miloš Obrenović consequently pursued the creation of new settlements, the colonization of new population and the aim to make Belgrade a center of administrative, military and cultural institutions. His project of creating a new market space ( čaršija ) was less successful. The new Abadžijska čaršija could n't compete against the already well - established market places of the city of Belgrade. Trade was still conducted in the centuries - old Donja čaršija and Gornja čaršija. New construction projects were typical for the Christian quarters and not so much for the Muslim ones. Until 1863 the number of Belgrade quarters decreases continuously, mainly as a consequence of the reduction of Muslim population. An Ottoman city map from that year counts only 9 quarters ( mahale ). The names of only five are known today : Ali - pašina mahala, Reis - efendijina, Jahja - pašina, Bajram - begova and Laz Hadži - Mahmudova mahala. On 18 April 1867 the Ottoman government ordered the Ottoman garrison, which had been since 1826 the last representation of Ottoman suzerainty in Serbia, withdrawn from the Belgrade fortress. The only stipulation was that the Ottoman flag continue to fly over the fortress alongside the Serbian one. Serbia 's de facto independence dates from this event. The urban planner Emilijan Josimović had a significant impact on the urbanism of Belgrade in the last third of the 19th century. He conceptualized a regulation plan for Belgrade in 1867, where he proposed an alternation of the town 's crooked streets with rectangular ones. Of great importance was also the construction of political and cultural institutions as well as parks. When it comes to Josimović 's work, Serbian scholars have often pointed out that it represented an important break with Ottoman traditions. However, Istanbul -- the capital city of the state to which Belgrade and Serbia officially still belonged -- at the same time underwent quite similar processes of urbanisation. In May 1868, Prince Mihailo was assassinated with his cousin Anka Konstantinović while riding in a carriage through the park of his country residence With the Principality 's full independence in 1878, and its transformation into the Kingdom of Serbia in 1882, Belgrade once again became a key city in the Balkans, and developed rapidly. Nevertheless, conditions in Serbia as a whole remained those of an overwhelmingly agrarian country, even with the opening of a railway to Niš, Serbia 's second city, and in 1900 the capital had only 70,000 inhabitants ( at the time Serbia numbered 2.5 million ). Yet by 1905 the population had grown to more than 80,000, and by the outbreak of World War I in 1914, it had surpassed the 100,000 citizens, not counting Zemun which then belonged to Austria - Hungary. The first - ever projection of motion pictures in the Balkans and Central Europe was held in Belgrade, in June 1896 by Andre Carr, a representative of the Lumière brothers. He shot the first motion pictures of Belgrade in the next year ; however, they have not been preserved. World War i The First World War began on 28 July 1914 when Austria - Hungary declared war on Serbia. Most of the subsequent Balkan offensives occurred near Belgrade. Austro - Hungarian monitors shelled Belgrade on 29 July 1914, and it was taken by the Austro - Hungarian Army under General Oskar Potiorek on 30 November. On 15 December, it was re-taken by Serbian troops under Marshal Radomir Putnik. After a prolonged battle which destroyed much of the city, between 6 and 9 October 1915, Belgrade fell to German and Austro - Hungarian troops commanded by Field Marshal August von Mackensen on 9 October 1915. The city was liberated by Serbian and French troops on 1 November 1918, under the command of Marshal Louis Franchet d'Espèrey of France and Crown Prince Alexander of Serbia. Since Belgrade was decimated as the front - line city, Subotica overtook the title of the largest city in the Kingdom for a short while. Kingdom of Yugoslavia King Alexander Bridge was destroyed in 1941 and rebuilt after the end of World War II, 1956, as the single - span Branko 's Bridge. Theater square ( today Republic Square ) 1934 After the war, Belgrade became the capital of the new Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes, renamed the Kingdom of Yugoslavia in 1929. The Kingdom was split into banovinas, and Belgrade, together with Zemun and Pančevo, formed a separate administrative unit. During this period, the city experienced fast growth and significant modernisation. Belgrade 's population grew to 239,000 by 1931 ( incorporating the town of Zemun, formerly in Austria - Hungary ), and 320,000 by 1940. The population growth rate between 1921 and 1948 averaged 4.08 % a year. In 1927, Belgrade 's first airport opened, and in 1929, its first radio station began broadcasting. The Pančevo Bridge, which crosses the Danube, was opened in 1935, while King Alexander Bridge over the Sava was opened in 1934. On 3 September 1939 the first Belgrade Grand Prix, the last Grand Prix motor racing race before the outbreak of World War II, was held around the Belgrade Fortress and was followed by 80,000 spectators. The winner was Tazio Nuvolari. World War II On 25 March 1941, the government of regent Crown Prince Paul signed the Tripartite Pact, joining the Axis powers in an effort to stay out of the Second World War and keep Yugoslavia neutral during the conflict. This was immediately followed by mass protests in Belgrade and a military coup d'état led by Air Force commander General Dušan Simović, who proclaimed King Peter II to be of age to rule the realm. Consequently, the city was heavily bombed by the Luftwaffe on 6 April 1941, killing up to 2,274 people. Yugoslavia was then invaded by German, Italian, Hungarian, and Bulgarian forces. Belgrade was captured by subterfuge, with six German soldiers led by their officer Fritz Klingenberg pretending to be a larger force, accepted the surrender of the city. Belgrade was then occupied by the German Army later the same month and Belgrade became the seat of the puppet Nedić regime, headed by General Milan Nedić. German bombing of Belgrade in 1941 During the summer and fall of 1941, in reprisal for guerrilla attacks, the Germans carried out several massacres of Belgrade citizens ; in particular, members of the Jewish community were subject to mass shootings at the order of General Franz Böhme, the German Military Governor of Serbia. Böhme rigorously enforced the rule that for every German killed, 100 Serbs or Jews would be shot. The resistance movement in Belgrade was led by Major Žarko Todorović from 1941 until his arrest in 1943. Just like Rotterdam, which was devastated twice, by both German and Allied bombing, Belgrade was bombed once more during World War II, this time by the Allies on 16 April 1944, killing at least 1,100 people. This bombing fell on the Orthodox Christian Easter. Most of the city remained under German occupation until 20 October 1944, when it was liberated by the Red Army and the Communist Yugoslav Partisans. On 29 November 1945, Marshal Josip Broz Tito proclaimed the Federal People 's Republic of Yugoslavia in Belgrade ( later to be renamed to Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia on 7 April 1963 ). Higher estimates from the former secret police place the victim count of political persecutions in Belgrade at 10,000. Socialist Yugoslavia When the war ended, the city was left with 11,500 demolished housing units. During the post-war period, Belgrade grew rapidly as the capital of the renewed Yugoslavia, developing as a major industrial center. In 1948, construction of New Belgrade started. In 1958, Belgrade 's first television station began broadcasting. In 1961, the conference of Non-Aligned Countries was held in Belgrade under Tito 's chairmanship. In 1962, Belgrade Nikola Tesla Airport was built. In 1968, major student protests led to several street clashes between students and the police. Breakup of Yugoslavia Ministry of Defense building damaged in the 1999 NATO bombing On 9 March 1991, massive demonstrations led by Vuk Drašković were held in the city against Slobodan Milošević. According to various media outlets, there were between 100,000 and 150,000 people on the streets. Two people were killed, 203 injured and 108 arrested during the protests, and later that day tanks were deployed onto the streets to restore order. Further protests were held in Belgrade from November 1996 to February 1997 against the same government after alleged electoral fraud at local elections. These protests brought Zoran Đinđić to power, the first mayor of Belgrade since World War II who did not belong to the League of Communists of Yugoslavia or its later offshoot, the Socialist Party of Serbia. In 1999, during the Kosovo War, NATO bombings caused substantial damage to the city. Among the sites bombed were the buildings of several ministries, the RTS building, several hospitals, the Hotel Jugoslavija, the Central Committee building, the Avala Tower, and the Chinese embassy. Several of these buildings have been left in their bombed states to serve as a memorial for the bombings. After the 2000 presidential elections, Belgrade was the site of major public protests, with over half a million people on the streets. These demonstrations resulted in the ousting of president Milošević. Contemporary period In 2014, Belgrade Waterfront, a catalytic development, has been initiated headed by the Government of Serbia aimed at improving Belgrade 's cityscape and economy by revitalizing the Sava amphitheater, a neglected stretch of land on the right bank of the Sava river, between the Belgrade Fair and Belgrade Main railway station. Around € 3.5 billion will be invested by the Serbian government and their Emirati partners. The project includes office and luxury apartment buildings, five - star hotels, a shopping mall and Belgrade Tower. The project is, however, considered by many as ' controversial ', since there are a number of uncertainties regarding its funding, necessity, as well as chosen architectural solutions. City is currently under rapid development and reconstruction, especially in the area of Novi Beograd, where many apartment and office buildings are under construction. Geography Panoramic view of Old city Belgrade lies 116.75 metres ( 383.0 ft ) above sea level and is located at the confluence of the Danube and Sava rivers. The historical core of Belgrade, Kalemegdan, lies on the right banks of both rivers. Since the 19th century, the city has been expanding to the south and east ; after World War II, New Belgrade was built on the left bank of the Sava river, connecting Belgrade with Zemun. Smaller, chiefly residential communities across the Danube, like Krnjača, Kotež and Borča, also merged with the city, while Pančevo, a heavily industrialized satellite city, remains a separate town. The city has an urban area of 360 square kilometres ( 140 sq mi ), while together with its metropolitan area it covers 3,223 km ( 1,244 sq mi ). On the right bank of the Sava, central Belgrade has a hilly terrain, while the highest point of Belgrade proper is Torlak hill at 303 m ( 994 ft ). The mountains of Avala ( 511 m ( 1,677 ft ) ) and Kosmaj ( 628 m ( 2,060 ft ) ) lie south of the city. Across the Sava and Danube, the land is mostly flat, consisting of alluvial plains and loessial plateaus. One of the characteristics of the city terrain is mass wasting. On the territory covered by the General Urban Plan there are 1,155 recorded mass wasting points, out of which 602 are active and 248 are labeled as the `` high risk ''. They cover almost 30 % of the city territory and include several types of mass wasting. Downhill creeps are located on the slopes above the rivers, mostly on the clay or loam soils, inclined between 7 and 20 %. Most critical ones are in Karaburma, Zvezdara, Višnjica, Vinča and Ritopek, in the Danube valley, and Umka, and especially its neighborhood of Duboko, in the Sava valley. They have moving and dormant phases, and some of them have been recorded for centuries. Less active downhill creep areas include the entire Terazije slope above the Sava ( Kalemegdan, Savamala ), which can be seen by the inclination of the Pobednik monument and the tower of the Cathedral Church, and the Voždovac section, between Banjica and Autokomanda. Sava river Landslides encompass smaller areas, develop on the steep cliffs, sometimes being inclined up to 90 %. They are mostly located in the artificial loess hills of Zemun : Gardoš, Ćukovac and Kalvarija. However, the majority of the land movement in Belgrade, some 90 %, is triggered by the construction works and faulty water supply system ( burst pipes, etc. ). The neighborhood of Mirijevo is considered to be the most successful project of fixing the problem. During the construction of the neighborhood from the 1970s, the terrain was systematically improved and the movement of the land is today completely halted. Climate Belgrade has a humid subtropical climate ( Köppen climate classification : Cfa ), with four seasons and uniformly spread precipitation. Monthly averages range from 1.4 ° C ( 34.5 ° F ) in January to 23.0 ° C ( 73.4 ° F ) in July, with an annual mean of 12.5 ° C ( 54.5 ° F ). There are, on average, 31 days a year when the temperature is above 30 ° C ( 86 ° F ), and 95 days when the temperature is above 25 ° C ( 77 ° F ). Belgrade receives about 691 millimetres ( 27 in ) of precipitation a year, with late spring being wettest. The average annual number of sunny hours is 2,112. The highest officially recorded temperature in Belgrade was 43.6 ° C ( 110.5 ° F ) on 24 July 2007, while on the other end, the lowest temperature was − 26.2 ° C ( − 15 ° F ) on 10 January 1893. hide Climate data for Belgrade ( 1981 -- 2010 ) Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year Record high ° C ( ° F ) 20.7 ( 69.3 ) 23.9 ( 75 ) 28.8 ( 83.8 ) 32.2 ( 90 ) 34.9 ( 94.8 ) 37.4 ( 99.3 ) 43.6 ( 110.5 ) 40.0 ( 104 ) 37.5 ( 99.5 ) 30.7 ( 87.3 ) 28.4 ( 83.1 ) 22.6 ( 72.7 ) 43.6 ( 110.5 ) Average high ° C ( ° F ) 4.6 ( 40.3 ) 7.0 ( 44.6 ) 12.4 ( 54.3 ) 18.0 ( 64.4 ) 23.5 ( 74.3 ) 26.2 ( 79.2 ) 28.6 ( 83.5 ) 28.7 ( 83.7 ) 23.9 ( 75 ) 18.4 ( 65.1 ) 11.2 ( 52.2 ) 5.8 ( 42.4 ) 17.4 ( 63.3 ) Daily mean ° C ( ° F ) 1.4 ( 34.5 ) 3.1 ( 37.6 ) 7.6 ( 45.7 ) 12.9 ( 55.2 ) 18.1 ( 64.6 ) 21.0 ( 69.8 ) 23.0 ( 73.4 ) 22.7 ( 72.9 ) 18.0 ( 64.4 ) 12.9 ( 55.2 ) 7.1 ( 44.8 ) 2.7 ( 36.9 ) 12.5 ( 54.5 ) Average low ° C ( ° F ) − 1.1 ( 30 ) − 0.1 ( 31.8 ) 3.7 ( 38.7 ) 8.3 ( 46.9 ) 13.0 ( 55.4 ) 15.8 ( 60.4 ) 17.5 ( 63.5 ) 17.6 ( 63.7 ) 13.5 ( 56.3 ) 9.0 ( 48.2 ) 4.2 ( 39.6 ) 0.2 ( 32.4 ) 8.5 ( 47.3 ) Record low ° C ( ° F ) − 18.2 ( − 0.8 ) − 15.4 ( 4.3 ) − 12.4 ( 9.7 ) − 3.4 ( 25.9 ) 2.5 ( 36.5 ) 6.5 ( 43.7 ) 9.4 ( 48.9 ) 6.7 ( 44.1 ) 4.7 ( 40.5 ) − 4.5 ( 23.9 ) − 7.8 ( 18 ) − 13.4 ( 7.9 ) − 18.2 ( − 0.8 ) Average precipitation mm ( inches ) 46.9 ( 1.846 ) 40.0 ( 1.575 ) 49.3 ( 1.941 ) 56.1 ( 2.209 ) 58.0 ( 2.283 ) 101.2 ( 3.984 ) 63.0 ( 2.48 ) 58.3 ( 2.295 ) 55.3 ( 2.177 ) 50.2 ( 1.976 ) 55.1 ( 2.169 ) 57.4 ( 2.26 ) 690.9 ( 27.201 ) Average precipitation days ( ≥ 0.1 mm ) 13 12 11 13 13 13 10 9 10 10 12 14 139 Average snowy days 10 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 33 Average relative humidity ( % ) 78 71 63 61 61 63 61 61 67 71 75 79 68 Mean monthly sunshine hours 72.2 101.7 153.2 188.1 242.2 260.9 290.8 274.0 204.3 163.1 97.0 64.5 2,111.9 Source : Hydrometeorological Service of Serbia Administration See also : Mayor of Belgrade Belgrade is a separate territorial unit in Serbia, with its own autonomous city authority. The Assembly of the City of Belgrade has 110 members, elected on four - year terms. A 13 - member City Council, elected by the Assembly and presided over by the mayor and his deputy, has the control and supervision of the city administration, which manages day - to - day administrative affairs. It is divided into 14 Secretariats, each having a specific portfolio such as traffic or health care, and several professional services, agencies and institutes. The 2014 Belgrade local elections were won by the Serbian Progressive Party, which formed a ruling coalition with the Socialist Party of Serbia. These elections ended the long - time rule of the Democratic Party, which was in power from 2004 to 2013. The Mayor of Belgrade is Siniša Mali, a political independent affiliated with the Serbian Progressive Party. Capital city Palace of Serbia House of the National Assembly of Serbia at night The French embassy As the capital city, Belgrade is seat of all Serbian state authorities -- executive, legislative, judiciary, and the headquarters of almost all national political parties as well as 75 diplomatic missions. This includes the National Assembly, the Presidency, the Government of Serbia and all the ministries, Supreme Court of Cassation and the Constitutional Court. Municipalities See also : Subdivisions of Belgrade Čukarica, Banovo Brdo and Savski Venac. Municipalities of Belgrade map The city is divided into 17 municipalities. Previously, they were classified into 10 `` urban '' ( lying completely or partially within borders of the city proper ) and 7 `` suburban '' municipalities, whose centres are smaller towns. With the new 2010 City statute, they were all given equal status, with the proviso that suburban ones ( except Surčin ) have certain autonomous powers, chiefly related with construction, infrastructure and public utilities. Most of the municipalities are situated on the southern side of the Danube and Sava rivers, in the Šumadija region. Three municipalities ( Zemun, Novi Beograd ( `` New Belgrade '' ), and Surčin ), are on the northern bank of the Sava, in the Syrmia region, and the municipality of Palilula, spanning the Danube, is in both the Šumadija and Banat regions. Municipality Classification Area ( km ) Population ( 2011 ) Barajevo suburban 213 27,110 Čukarica urban 156 181,231 Grocka suburban 289 83,907 Lazarevac suburban 384 58,622 Mladenovac suburban 339 53,096 Novi Beograd urban 41 214,506 Obrenovac suburban 411 72,524 Palilula urban 451 173,521 Rakovica urban 31 108,641 Savski Venac urban 14 39,122 Sopot suburban 271 20,367 Stari Grad urban 5 48,450 Surčin urban 285 43,819 Voždovac urban 148 158,213 Vračar urban 56,333 Zemun urban 154 168,170 Zvezdara urban 32 151,808 Total 3,227 1,659,440 Demographics Main articles : Demographics of Belgrade and Demographic history of Belgrade According to the 2011 census, the city has a population of 1,166,763, while the urban area of Belgrade ( with adjacent urban settlements of Borča, Ovča, and Surčin included ) has 1,233,796 inhabitants, and the population of the metropolitan area ( the administrative area of the City of Belgrade ) stands at 1,659,440 people. Historical population Year Pop. ± % 1426 50,000 -- 1683 100,000 + 100.0 % 1800 25,000 − 75.0 % 1850 15,000 − 40.0 % 1860 22,000 + 46.7 % 1875 27,000 + 22.7 % 1880 36,000 + 33.3 % 1890 54,000 + 50.0 % 1900 69,000 + 27.8 % 1910 89,000 + 29.0 % 1921 111,739 + 25.5 % 1931 238,775 + 113.7 % 1948 397,911 + 66.6 % 1953 477,982 + 20.1 % 1961 657,362 + 37.5 % 1971 899,094 + 36.8 % 1981 1,087,915 + 21.0 % 1991 1,133,146 + 4.2 % 2002 1,119,642 − 1.2 % 2011 1,233,796 + 10.2 % Belgrade is home to many ethnicities from all over the former Yugoslavia and wider Balkans region. The main ethnic groups are : Serbs ( 1,505,448 ), Roma ( 27,325 ), Montenegrins ( 9,902 ), Yugoslavs ( 8,061 ), Croats ( 7,752 ), Macedonians ( 6,970 ), and Muslims by nationality ( 3,996 ). Many people came to the city as economic migrants from smaller towns and the countryside, while tens of thousands arrived as refugees from Croatia, Bosnia - Herzegovina and Kosovo, as a result of the Yugoslav wars of the 1990s. Between 10,000 and 20,000 Chinese are estimated to live in Belgrade ; they began immigrating in the mid-1990s. Block 70 in New Belgrade is known colloquially as the Chinese quarter. Many Middle Easterners, mainly from Syria, Iran, Jordan and Iraq, arrived in order to pursue their studies during the 1970s and 1980s, and have remained in the city. Settlements Population Belgrade 1,166,763 Borča 46,086 Grocka 26,904 Lazarevac 26,006 Obrenovac 25,429 Mladenovac 23,609 Sremčica 21,001 Surčin 18,205 Ripanj 11,088 Ugrinovci 10,807 Leštane 10,473 Although there are several historic religious communities in Belgrade, the religious makeup of the city is relatively homogenous. The Serbian Orthodox community is by far the largest, with 1,475,168 adherents. There are also 31,914 Muslims, 13,720 Roman Catholics, and 3,128 Protestants. There once was a significant Jewish community in Belgrade, but following the World War II Nazi occupation of the city, and subsequent Jewish emigration, their numbers have fallen from over 10,000 to just 295. Economy Main article : Economy of Belgrade See also : Belgrade IT sector Business park Airport City Belgrade. Belgrade is the financial centre of Serbia and Southeast Europe, with a total of 17 million square metres ( 180 million square feet ) of office space. It is also home to the country 's Central Bank. Currently, over 600,000 people are employed in 120,286 companies, 60,000 enterprises and 50,000 shops. The City of Belgrade itself, owns 267,147 square metres ( 2,875,550 square feet ) of rentable office space. As at 2009, Belgrade contained 31.4 % of Serbia 's employed population and generated over 38 % of its GDP. The City 's nominal GDP in 2014 was estimated at 16.97 billion USD, amounting to 859,329 RSD ( $10,086 ) per capita. GDP at purchasing power parity was estimated at $36.1 bn USD, which was $31,461 per capita in terms of purchasing power parity. New Belgrade is the country 's main business district and one of Southeastern Europe 's financial centers. It offers a range of facilities, such as hotels, congress halls ( e.g. Sava Centar ), Class A and B office buildings, and business parks ( e.g. Airport City Belgrade ). Over 1.2 million square metres ( 13 million square feet ) of land is currently under construction in New Belgrade, with the value of planned construction over the next three years estimated at over 1.5 billion euros. The Belgrade Stock Exchange is also located in New Belgrade, and has a market capitalization of € 6.5 billion ( US $9 billion ). New Belgrade, main financial district With 6,924 companies in the IT sector ( 2013 data ), Belgrade is one of the information technology centers for this part of Europe, with strong growth. Microsoft Development Center, located in Belgrade, was at the time of its establishment the fifth such center in the world. Many world IT companies choose Belgrade as their European or regional center of operations. These include Asus, Intel, Dell, Huawei and NCR, among others. The most famous Belgrade IT companies are Nordeus, ComTrade Group, MicroE, Endava etc. IT institutes in Belgrade include Mihajlo Pupin Institute and ILR. and new IT Park Zvezdara. Many IT entrepreneurs started in Belgrade, such as Voja Antonić and Veselin Jevrosimović. In September 2013, the average Belgrade monthly salary stood at 53,564 RSD ( $635 ) in net terms, with the gross equivalent at 73,970 RSD ( $877 ). The 2013 Annual Economist Intelligence Unit Survey ranked Belgrade the 86th most expensive out of 131 world cities. According to the 2015 Survey, 73 % of the City 's households owned a computer, 65.8 % had a broadband internet connection and 73.9 % had pay television services. Culture Main article : Culture of Belgrade The Grand Hall of the National Theatre Belgrade hosts many annual international cultural events, including the Film Festival, Theatre Festival, Summer Festival, Music Festival, Book Fair, Eurovision Song Contest 2008, and the Beer Fest. The Nobel Prize winning author Ivo Andrić wrote his most famous work, The Bridge on the Drina, in Belgrade. Other prominent Belgrade authors include Branislav Nušić, Miloš Crnjanski, Borislav Pekić, Milorad Pavić and Meša Selimović. The most internationally prominent artists from Belgrade are Marina Abramović and Milovan Destil Marković. Most of Serbia 's film industry is based in Belgrade. FEST is an annual film festival that held since 1971, and, through 2013, had been attended by four million people and had presented almost 4,000 films. Belgrade Book Fair The city was one of the main centers of the Yugoslav new wave in the 1980s : VIS Idoli, Ekatarina Velika, Šarlo Akrobata and Električni Orgazam were all from Belgrade. Other notable Belgrade rock acts include Riblja Čorba, Bajaga i Instruktori and Partibrejkers. Today, it is the center of the Serbian hip hop scene, with acts such as Beogradski Sindikat, Škabo, Marčelo, and most of the Bassivity Music stable hailing from or living in the city. There are numerous theatres, the most prominent of which are National Theatre, Theatre on Terazije, Yugoslav Drama Theatre, Zvezdara Theatre, and Atelier 212. The Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts is also based in Belgrade, as well as the National Library of Serbia. Other major libraries include the Belgrade City Library and the Belgrade University Library. Belgrade 's two opera houses are : National Theatre and Madlenianum Opera House. There are many foreign cultural institutions in Belgrade, including the Spanish Instituto Cervantes, the German Goethe - Institut and the French Institut français, which are all located in the central pedestrian area of Knez Mihailova Street. Other cultural centers in Belgrade are American Corner, Austrian Cultural Forum, British Council, Chinese Confucius Institute, Canadian Cultural Center, Hellenic Foundation for Culture, Italian Istituto Italiano di Cultura, Iranian Culture Center, Azerbaijani Culture Center and Russian Center for Science and Culture. European Union National Institutes for Culture operates a cluster of cultural centres from the EU. Following the victory of Serbia 's representative Marija Šerifović at the Eurovision Song Contest 2007, Belgrade hosted the Contest in 2008. Museums See also : List of museums in Belgrade Republic square, Left : National Museum of Serbia -- Centre : Hotel Marriott Belgrade -- Right : National Theatre. The most prominent museum in Belgrade is the National Museum, founded in 1844 and currently closed for reconstruction which will be ended in 2018. The museum houses a collection of more than 400,000 exhibits ( over 5600 paintings and 8400 drawings and prints, including many foreign masters like Bosch, Juan de Flandes, Titian, Tintoretto, Rubens, Van Dyck, Cézanne, G.B. Tiepolo, Renoir, Monet, Lautrec, Matisse, Picasso, Gauguin, Chagall, Van Gogh, Mondrian etc. ) and also the famous Miroslav 's Gospel. The Ethnographic Museum, established in 1901, contains more than 150,000 items showcasing the rural and urban culture of the Balkans, particularly the countries of former Yugoslavia. The Museum of Contemporary Art was the first Contemporary art museum in Europe ( ( Disputed inline ) ) founded in 1958 and has a collection of around 35,000 works including Roy Lichtenstein, Andy Warhol, Joan Miró, David Hockney, Ivan Meštrović and others since 1900. The museum is open renovated in 2017. The Railway Museum is located within the railway company headquarters building The Military Museum houses a wide range of more than 25,000 military exhibits dating as far back as to the Roman period, as well as parts of a F - 117 stealth aircraft shot down by the Serbian army. The Museum of Aviation in Belgrade has more than 200 aircraft, of which about 50 are on display, and a few of which are the only surviving examples of their type, such as the Fiat G. 50. This museum also displays parts of shot down US and NATO aircraft, such as the F - 117 and F - 16. The Nikola Tesla Museum, founded in 1952, preserves the personal items of Nikola Tesla, the inventor after whom the Tesla unit was named. It holds around 160,000 original documents and around 5,700 personal other items including his urne. The last of the major Belgrade museums is the Museum of Vuk and Dositej, which showcases the lives, work and legacy of Vuk Stefanović Karadžić and Dositej Obradović, the 19th century reformer of the Serbian literary language and the first Serbian Minister of Education, respectively. Belgrade also houses the Museum of African Art, founded in 1977, which has the large collection of art from West Africa. With around 95,000 copies of national and international films, the Yugoslav Film Archive is the largest in the region and among the 10 largest archives in the world. The institution also operates the Museum of Yugoslav Film Archive, with movie theatre and exhibition hall. The archive 's long - standing storage problems were finally solved in 2007, when a new modern depository was opened. The Yugoslav Film Archive also exhibits original Charlie Chaplin 's stick and one of the first movies by Auguste and Louis Lumière. The Belgrade City Museum moved into a new building in downtown in 2006. The museum hosts a range of collections covering the history of urban life since prehistory. The Museum of Yugoslav History has collection from Yugoslav era. Beside paintings, the most valuable are Moon rocks donated by Apollo 11 crew Neil Armstrong, Buzz Aldrin and Michael Collins while visiting Belgrade in 1969 and from mission Apollo 17 donated by Richard Nixon in 1971. Museum also houses Joseph Stalin 's sabre with 260 brilliants and diamonds, donated by Stalin himself. Ada Bridge night view Museum of Science and Technology moved to the building of the first city 's power plant in Dorćol in 2005. Architecture See also : List of buildings in Belgrade, List of streets and squares in Belgrade, Bridges of Belgrade, Architectural projects in Belgrade, Religious architecture in Belgrade, and Gates of Belgrade Belgrade has wildly varying architecture, from the center of Zemun, typical of a Central European town, to the more modern architecture and spacious layout of New Belgrade. The oldest architecture is found in Kalemegdan Park. Outside of Kalemegdan, the oldest buildings date only from the 18th century, due to its geographic position and frequent wars and destructions. The oldest public structure in Belgrade is a nondescript Turkish türbe, while the oldest house is a modest clay house on Dorćol, from late 18th century. Western influence began in the 19th century, when the city completely transformed from an oriental town to the contemporary architecture of the time, with influences from neoclassicism, romanticism, and academic art. Serbian architects took over the development from the foreign builders in the late 19th century, producing the National Theatre, Old Palace, Cathedral Church and later, in the early 20th century, the National Assembly and National Museum, influenced by art nouveau. Elements of Neo-Byzantine architecture are present in buildings such as Vuk 's Foundation, old Post Office in Kosovska street, and sacral architecture, such as St. Mark 's Church ( based on the Gračanica monastery ), and the Temple of Saint Sava. Architectural styles in Belgrade St. Michael 's Cathedral, Belgrade Knez Mihailova Monument of Gratitude to France St. Mark 's Church The Victor Belgrade University Library Belgrade Cooperative National Bank of Serbia building interior Monument to the Unknown Hero Royal Palace During the period of Communist rule, much housing was built quickly and cheaply for the huge influx of people fleeing the countryside following World War II, sometimes resulting in the brutalist architecture of the Blokovi ( `` Blocks '' ) of New Belgrade ; a socrealism trend briefly ruled, resulting in buildings like the Trade Union Hall. However, in the mid-1950s, the modernist trends took over, and still dominate the Belgrade architecture. Belgrade has the second oldest sewer system in Europe. Tourism See also : Tourism in Serbia Knez Mihailova Street. The historic areas and buildings of Belgrade are among the city 's premier attractions. They include Skadarlija, the National Museum and adjacent National Theatre, Zemun, Nikola Pašić Square, Terazije, Students ' Square, the Kalemegdan Fortress, Knez Mihailova Street, the Parliament, the Church of Saint Sava, and the Old Palace. On top of this, there are many parks, monuments, museums, cafés, restaurants and shops on both sides of the river. The hilltop Avala Monument and Avala Tower offer views over the city. Belgrade Fortress. Gardoš Tower Elite neighborhood of Dedinje is situated near the Topčider and Košutnjak parks. The beli dvor ( White Palace ), house of royal family Karađorđević, is open for visitors. The palace has many valuable artworks. Nearby, Josip Broz Tito 's mausoleum, called The House of Flowers, documents the life of the former Yugoslav president. Ada Ciganlija is a former island on the Sava River, and Belgrade 's biggest sports and recreational complex. Today it is connected with the right bank of the Sava via two causeways, creating an artificial lake. It is the most popular destination for Belgraders during the city 's hot summers. There are 7 kilometres ( 4 miles ) of long beaches and sports facilities for various sports including golf, football, basketball, volleyball, rugby union, baseball, and tennis. During summer there are between 200,000 and 300,000 bathers daily. Ada Ciganlija Extreme sports are available, such as bungee jumping, water skiing, and paintballing. There are numerous tracks on the island, where it is possible to ride a bike, go for a walk, or go jogging. Apart from Ada, Belgrade has total of 16 islands on the rivers, many still unused. Among them, the Great War Island, at the confluence of Sava, stands out as an oasis of unshattered wildlife ( especially birds ). These areas, along with nearby Small War Island, are protected by the city 's government as a nature preserve. There are 37 protected natural resources in the Belgrade urban area, among which eight are geo - heritage sites, i.e. Straževica profile, Mašin Majdan - Topčider, Profile at the Kalemegdan Fortress, Abandoned quarry in Barajevo, Karagača valley, Artesian well in Ovča, Kapela loess profile, and Lake in Sremčica. Other 29 places are biodiversity sites. Tourist income in 2016 amounted to nearly one billion euros ; with a visit of almost a million registered tourists. Of those, more than 70,000 arrived by 550 river cruisers. Average annual growth is between 13 % and 14 %. Nightlife Belgrade has a reputation for offering a vibrant nightlife ; many clubs that are open until dawn can be found throughout the city. The most recognizable nightlife features of Belgrade are the barges ( splav ), spread along the banks of the Sava and Danube Rivers. Skadarlija, the city 's old bohemian neighbourhood Many weekend visitors -- particularly from Bosnia - Herzegovina, Croatia and Slovenia -- prefer Belgrade nightlife to that of their own capitals, due to a perceived friendly atmosphere, plentiful clubs and bars, cheap drinks, the lack of language difficulties, and the lack of restrictive night life regulation. Famous alternative clubs include Akademija and the KST ( Klub Studenata Tehnike ), located in the basement of the University of Belgrade Faculty of Electrical Engineering. One of the most famous sites for alternative cultural happenings in the city is the SKC ( Student Cultural Centre ), located right across from Belgrade 's highrise landmark, the Belgrade Lady Tower. Concerts featuring famous local and foreign bands are often held at the center. SKC is also the site of various art exhibitions, as well as public debates and discussions. A more traditional Serbian nightlife experience, accompanied by traditional music known as Starogradska ( roughly translated as Old Town Music ), typical of northern Serbia 's urban environments, is most prominent in Skadarlija, the city 's old bohemian neighborhood where the poets and artists of Belgrade gathered in the 19th and early 20th centuries. Skadar Street ( the centre of Skadarlija ) and the surrounding neighbourhood are lined with some of Belgrade 's best and oldest traditional restaurants ( called kafanas in Serbian ), which date back to that period. At one end of the neighbourhood stands Belgrade 's oldest beer brewery, founded in the first half of the 19th century. One of the city 's oldest kafanas is the Znak pitanja ( `` ? '' ). The Times reported that Europe 's best nightlife can be found in Belgrade. In the Lonely Planet 1000 Ultimate Experiences guide of 2009, Belgrade was placed at the 1st spot among the top 10 party cities in the world. Sport See also : List of sporting events in Belgrade Serbian tennis player Novak Đoković was born in Belgrade. He is a 13 - time Grand Slam champion. The Štark Arena in New Belgrade, one of the largest indoor arenas in Europe. ( FIVB World League final game -- Brazil vs Serbia ) There are approximately one - thousand sports facilities in Belgrade, many of which are capable of serving all levels of sporting events. Belgrade has hosted several major sporting events recently, including Eurobasket 2005, the 2005 European Volleyball Championship, the 2006 European Water Polo Championship, the European Youth Olympic Festival 2007, and the 2009 Summer Universiade. The city is home to Serbia 's two biggest and most successful football clubs, Red Star Belgrade and Partizan Belgrade. Red Star won the 1991 UEFA Champions League ( European Cup ). The two major stadiums in Belgrade are the Marakana ( Red Star Stadium ) and the Partizan Stadium. The rivalry between Red Star and Partizan is one of the fiercest in world football. Red Star Stadium. The Štark Arena has a capacity of 19,384. It is used for major sporting events and large concerts. In May 2008 it was the venue for the 53rd Eurovision Song Contest. The Aleksandar Nikolić Hall is the main venue of basketball clubs KK Partizan, European champion of 1992, and KK Crvena zvezda. In recent years, Belgrade has also given rise to several world - class tennis players such as Ana Ivanović, Jelena Janković and Novak Đoković. Ivanović and Đoković are the first female and male Belgraders, respectively, to win Grand Slam singles titles and been ATP number 1 with Jelena Janković. The Serbian national team won the 2010 Davis Cup, beating the French team in the finals played in the Belgrade Arena. Fashion and design Avala Tower Since 1996, biannual ( autumn / winter and spring / summer seasons ) fashion weeks are held citywide. Numerous Serbian and foreign designers and fashion brands have their shows during Belgrade Fashion Week. The festival, which collaborates with London Fashion Week, has helped launch the international careers of local talents such as George Styler and Ana Ljubinković. British fashion designer Roksanda Ilincic, who was born in the city, also frequently presents her runway shows in Belgrade. In addition to fashion, there are two major design shows held in Belgrade every year which attract international architects and industrial designers such as Karim Rashid, Daniel Libeskind, Patricia Urquiola, and Konstantin Grcic. Both the Mikser Festival and Belgrade Design Week feature lectures, exhibits and competitions. Furthermore, international designers like Sacha Lakic, Ana Kraš, Bojana Sentaler, and Marek Djordjevic are originally from Belgrade. Media See also : List of media organisations in Belgrade Belgrade is the most important media hub in Serbia. The city is home to the main headquarters of the national broadcaster Radio Television Serbia ( RTS ), which is a public service broadcaster. The most popular commercial broadcaster is RTV Pink, a Serbian media multinational, known for its popular entertainment programs. One of the most popular commercial broadcaster is B92, another media company, which has its own TV station, radio station, and music and book publishing arms, as well as the most popular website on the Serbian internet. Other TV stations broadcasting from Belgrade include 1Prva ( formerly Fox televizija ), Nova, N1 and others which only cover the greater Belgrade municipal area, such as Studio B. High - circulation daily newspapers published in Belgrade include Politika, Blic, Alo !, Kurir and Danas. There are 2 sporting dailies, Sportski žurnal and Sport, and one economic daily, Privredni pregled. A new free distribution daily, 24 sata, was founded in the autumn of 2006. Also, Serbian editions of licensed magazines such as Harper 's Bazaar, Elle, Cosmopolitan, National Geographic, Men 's Health, Grazia and others have their headquarters in the city. Education See also : List of educational institutions in Belgrade Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Architecture and Civil Engineering, Belgrade University. Belgrade University Rectorate. Belgrade has two state universities and several private institutions of higher education. The University of Belgrade, founded in 1808 as the `` Great School '', is the oldest institution of higher learning in Serbia. Having developed with the city in the 19th century, quite a few University buildings are a constituent part of Belgrade 's architecture and cultural heritage. With enrollment of nearly 90,000 students, the University is one of the Europe 's largest. There are also 195 primary ( elementary ) schools and 85 secondary schools. Of the primary schools, there are 162 regular, 14 special, 15 art, and 4 adult schools. The secondary school system has 51 vocational schools, 21 gymnasiums, 8 art schools and 5 special schools. The 230,000 pupils are managed by 22,000 employees in over 500 buildings, covering around 1.1 million square metres ( 12 million square feet ). Transportation Main article : Transport in Belgrade See also : Bridges in Belgrade Trams in Belgrade Belgrade Centre railway station, today 's main railway station Belgrade has an extensive public transport system based on buses ( 118 urban lines and more than 300 suburban lines ), trams ( 12 lines ), trolleybuses ( 8 lines ), S - train ( 2 lines ) and Beovoz commuter rail ( 6 lines ). Buses, trolleybuses and trams are run by GSP Beograd and SP Lasta, in cooperation with private companies on various bus routes. The S - train network, BG Voz, run by city government in cooperation with Serbian Railways, is a part of the integrated transport system, and currently has two lines ( Batajnica - Ovča and Belgrade - Center - Resnik ). The BusPlus ticketing system based on contactless smart cards began operating in February 2012. Daily connections link the capital to other towns in Serbia and many other European destinations through the central bus station. Beovoz was the suburban / commuter railway network that provided mass - transit services in the city, similar to Paris 's RER and Toronto 's GO Transit. The main usage of system was to connect the suburbs with the city centre. Beovoz was operated by Serbian Railways. However, this system was abolished back in 2013, mostly due to introduction of more efficient BG Voz. Belgrade is one of the last big European capitals and cities with over a million people to have no metro or subway or other rapid transit system. Belgrade Metro is in planning. The main railway station is the main hub for international trains, while the new and ( at the present moment unfinished ) Belgrade Centre railway station is used as a terminus for most national intercity trains. Mostar interchange with E-75 Expressway opened in 1974. The city is placed along the Pan-European corridors X and VII. The motorway system provides for easy access to Novi Sad and Budapest, in the north ; Niš to the south ; and Zagreb, to the west. Expressway is also toward Pancevo and new Expressway construction toward Obrenovac ( Montenegro ) is set scheduled for March 2017. Belgrade bypass is connecting the E70 and E75 motorways and it is currently under construction. Situated at the confluence of two major rivers, the Danube and the Sava, Belgrade has 11 bridges -- the four main ones are Branko 's bridge, Ada Bridge, Pupin Bridge and the Gazela Bridge, both of which connect the core of the city to New Belgrade. Further, an `` inner magistral semi-ring '' is almost done and include a new Ada Bridge across the Sava river and Pupin Bridge across Danube river, which eased commuting within the city and unload the Gazela and Branko 's bridge traffic. The Port of Belgrade is on the Danube, and allows the city to receive goods by river. The city is also served by Belgrade Nikola Tesla Airport, 12 kilometres ( 7.5 mi ) west of the city centre, near Surčin. At its peak in 1986, almost 3 million passengers travelled through the airport, though that number dwindled to a trickle in the 1990s. Following renewed growth in 2000, the number of passengers reached approximately 2 million in 2004 and 2005, over 2.6 million passengers in 2008, reaching over 3 million passengers. All - time peak, with over 4 million passengers, was accomplished in 2014, when Belgrade Nikola Tesla Airport became the second fastest growing major airport in Europe. Belgrade Nikola Tesla Airport. International Cooperation and honours See also : List of twin towns and sister cities in Serbia List of Belgrade 's sister and twin cities : Coventry, UK, since 1957 Chicago, USA, since 2005 Ljubljana, Slovenia, since 2010 Shanghai, China, since 2018 Other friendships and cooperations, protocols, memorandums : Astana, Kazakhstan, since 2016, Agreement on Cooperation Tehran, Iran, since 2016, Agreement on Cooperation Corfu, Greece, since 2010, Protocol on Cooperation Shenzhen, China, since 2009, Agreement on Cooperation Skopje, Macedonia, since 2006, Letter of Intent Banja Luka, Bosnia - Herzegovina, since 2005, Agreement on Cooperation Zagreb, Croatia, since 2003, Letter of Intent Kiev, Ukraine, since 2002, Agreement on Cooperation Tel Aviv, Israel, since 1990, Agreement on Cooperation Bucharest, Romania, since 1999, Agreement on Cooperation Beijing, China, since 1980, Agreement on Cooperation Rome, Italy, since 1971, Agreement on Friendship and Cooperation Athens, Greece, since 1966, Agreement on Friendship and Cooperation Some of the city 's municipalities are also twinned to small cities or districts of other big cities ; for details see their respective articles. Belgrade has received various domestic and international honors, including the French Légion d'honneur ( proclaimed 21 December 1920 ; Belgrade is one of four cities outside France, alongside Liège, Luxembourg and Volgograd, to receive this honour ), the Czechoslovak War Cross ( awarded 8 October 1925 ), the Yugoslavian Order of the Karađorđe 's Star ( awarded 18 May 1939 ) and the Yugoslavian Order of the People 's Hero ( proclaimed on 20 October 1974, the 30th anniversary of the overthrow of Nazi German occupation during World War II ). All of these decorations were received for the war efforts during the World War I and World War II. In 2006, Financial Times ' magazine Foreign Direct Investment awarded Belgrade the title of City of the Future of Southern Europe. 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Archived from the original ( PDF ) on 9 August 2007. Retrieved 15 September 2007. Jump up ^ `` Luka Beograd AS -- Istorijat '' ( History of the Port of Belgrade ) ( in Serbian ). Port of Belgrade. Retrieved 11 October 2010. Jump up ^ `` Airports and Flying fields ''. Aviation guide through Belgrade. Retrieved 5 May 2009. Jump up ^ `` Regionalni centar putničkog i kargo saobraćaja '' ( in Serbian ). Danas. 20 May 2005. Retrieved 10 July 2007. Jump up ^ `` www.beg.aero Nikola Tesla Belgrade Airport News ''. Airport-belgrade.rs. Retrieved 7 July 2009. Jump up ^ `` Aerodrom Nikola Tesla News ''. Beg.aero. Retrieved 12 March 2013. Jump up ^ `` Belgrade Nikola Tesla Airport among fastest growing in Europe ''. 13 August 2013. Retrieved 6 August 2016. ^ Jump up to : `` International Cooperation '' ( official website ). City of Belgrad. Retrieved 16 June 2015. Jump up ^ Griffin, Mary ( 2 August 2011 ). `` Coventry 's twin towns ''. Coventry Telegraph. Archived from the original on 6 August 2013. Retrieved 6 August 2013. Jump up ^ `` Coventry -- Twin towns and cities ''. Coventry City Council. Archived from the original on 12 April 2013. Retrieved 6 August 2013. Jump up ^ `` Medmestno in mednarodno sodelovanje ''. Mestna občina Ljubljana ( Ljubljana City ) ( in Slovenian ). Archived from the original on 26 June 2013. Retrieved 27 July 2013. Jump up ^ `` Gradonačelnici Beograda i Ljubljane potpisali sporazum o bratimljenju dva glavna grada ''. Beograd.rs. Retrieved 15 May 2013. Jump up ^ `` Potpisan sporazum o bratimljenju Beorgada i Šangaja ''. b92.net ( in Serbian ). Tanjug. 21 May 2018. Retrieved 21 May 2018. Jump up ^ `` Kazakhstan, Serbia agree to cooperate on air communication ''. AKIpress. Retrieved 16 November 2016. Jump up ^ `` Tehran, Belgrade sign agreement to boost ties ''. Tehran Municipality. Retrieved 6 October 2016. Jump up ^ `` Saradnja Beograda i Šendžena ''. B92. Retrieved 11 July 2009. Jump up ^ Градови партнери ( City of Banja Luka -- Partner cities ). Administrative Office of the City of Banja Luka ( in Serbian ). Archived from the original on 17 September 2011. Retrieved 9 August 2013. Jump up ^ `` Sister Cities ''. Beijing Municipal Government. Retrieved 23 September 2008. Jump up ^ `` Received Decorations ''. Official website. Retrieved 16 May 2007. Jump up ^ `` Beograd -- grad heroj ''. RTV Pink. 6 November 2009. Archived from the original on 15 July 2011. Retrieved 15 November 2009. Jump up ^ `` European Cities of the Future 2006 / 07 ''. fDi magazine. 6 February 2006. Archived from the original on 27 September 2007. Retrieved 10 July 2007. Jump up ^ Miloradović, Aleksandar ( 1 September 2006 ). `` Belgrade -- City of the Future in Southern Europe '' ( PDF ). TheRegion, magazine of SEE Europe. Archived from the original ( PDF ) on 8 August 2007. Retrieved 10 July 2007. Sources Pavić, Milorad ( 2000 ). A Short History of Belgrade. Belgrade : Dereta. ISBN 86 - 7346 - 117 - 0. Tešanović, Jasmina ( 2000 ). The Diary of a Political Idiot : Normal Life in Belgrade. Cleis Press. ISBN 1 - 57344 - 114 - 7. Levinsohn, Florence Hamlish ( 1995 ). Belgrade : among the Serbs. Chicago : Ivan R. Dee. ISBN 1 - 56663 - 061 - 4. Paton, Andrew Archibald ( 4 November 2005 ) ( 1845 ). Servia, Youngest Member of the European Family : or, A Residence in Belgrade, and Travels in the Highlands and Woodlands of the Interior, during the years 1843 and 1844 ( Project Gutenberg reprint ed. ). London : Longman, Brown, Green and Longmans. Retrieved 22 July 2009. Sonja, Petrović ( 2015 ). `` Town and city : Memories of daily life in pre-war Belgrade ''. Glasnik Etnografskog instituta SANU. 63 ( 1 ) : 85 -- 99. doi : 10.2298 / GEI1501085P ( inactive 2018 - 05 - 03 ). 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Kolarac Endowment Sport centers Pinki Hall Ranko Žeravica Sports Hall Štark Arena FK Obilić Stadium Omladinski stadion Partizan Stadium Aleksandar Nikolić Hall Rajko Mitić Stadium King Peter I Stadium Tašmajdan Sports Centre Voždovac Stadium Zemun Stadium Healthcare Clinical Centre of Serbia KBC Dragiša Mišović Military Medical Academy Transport Belgrade Nikola Tesla Airport Belgrade bypass BG Voz Belgrade Metro Tram system Belgrade trolleybus system People List of people from Belgrade Hero Cities of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia Beograd Cetinje Drvar Ljubljana Novi Sad Prilep Pristina Zagreb hide Administrative divisions of Serbia Districts of Serbia Vojvodina Central Banat North Bačka North Banat South Bačka South Banat Srem West Bačka Belgrade City of Belgrade Šumadija and Western Serbia Kolubara Mačva Moravica Pomoravlje Rasina Raška Šumadija Zlatibor Southern and Eastern Serbia Bor Braničevo Jablanica Nišava Pčinja Pirot Podunavlje Toplica Zaječar Kosovo and Metohija Kosovo Kosovo - Pomoravlje Kosovska Mitrovica Peć Prizren Kosovo is the subject of a territorial dispute between the Republic of Kosovo and the Republic of Serbia. The Republic of Kosovo unilaterally declared independence on 17 February 2008, but Serbia continues to claim it as part of its own sovereign territory. The two governments began to normalise relations in 2013, as part of the Brussels Agreement. 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The Republic of Kosovo unilaterally declared independence on 17 February 2008, but Serbia continues to claim it as part of its own sovereign territory. The two governments began to normalise relations in 2013, as part of the Brussels Agreement. Kosovo has received formal recognition as an independent state from 113 out of 193 United Nations member states. Capitals of European states and territories Capitals of dependent territories and states whose sovereignty is disputed shown in italics. 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political connections with Europe Partially recognised country The Danube Countries Germany Austria Slovakia Hungary Croatia Serbia Bulgaria Romania Moldova Ukraine Cities Ulm Ingolstadt Regensburg Passau Linz Vienna Bratislava Győr Budapest Vukovar Novi Sad Belgrade Vidin Ruse Brăila Galați Izmail Tulcea Tributaries Iller Lech Regen Isar Inn Morava Váh Hron Ipeľ / Ipoly Drava Tisza / Tisa Sava Timiș / Tamiš Great Morava Timok Jiu Iskar Olt Osam Yantra Vedea Argeș Ialomița Siret Prut See also List of islands in the Danube List of crossings of the Danube Statistical regions of Serbia Vojvodina Belgrade Šumadija and Western Serbia Southern and Eastern Serbia Kosovo and Metohija BNF : cb12085206x ( data ) GND : 4005411 - 1 LCCN : n80017896 NARA : 10046261 VIAF : 148847800 Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Belgrade&oldid=853536337 '' Categories : Belgrade Capitals in Europe Districts of Serbia Metropolitan areas of Serbia Statistical regions of Serbia Port cities in Serbia Ancient cities in Serbia Populated places established in the 3rd century BC Populated places on the Danube Šumadija Recipients of the Czechoslovak War Cross Légion d'honneur recipients Hidden categories : CS1 German - 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Question: county in europe the capital of which is belgrade
Answer: largest