Cincinnati Red Stockings - wikipedia Cincinnati Red Stockings For the current Major League Baseball team that has played since 1882, see Cincinnati Reds. For the Major League Baseball team that played from 1876 to 1880, see Cincinnati Reds ( 1876 -- 1880 ). Part of a series on the History of baseball Origins Early years First league Knickerbocker Rules Massachusetts rules Philadelphia town ball Alexander Cartwright Doc Adams Doubleday myth First pro team First pro league Team nicknames By country United States Outside the United States Australia Canada Cuba Greece India Ireland Israel Japan South Korea Netherlands Nicaragua Palau Philippines Puerto Rico Spain United Kingdom Venezuela Other topics Negro league baseball Cuban League Women in baseball Minor League Baseball Comparison with cricket Baseball ( TV documentary series ) Baseball Hall of Fame Society for American Baseball Research Years in baseball Major League Baseball seasons Related games Stoolball Rounders Old cat Softball Pesäpallo Baseball portal The Cincinnati Red Stockings of 1869 were baseball 's first openly all - professional team, with ten salaried players. The Cincinnati Base Ball Club formed in 1866 and fielded competitive teams in the National Association of Base Ball Players ( NABBP ) 1867 -- 1870, a time of a transition that ambitious Cincinnati, Ohio businessmen and English - born ballplayer Harry Wright shaped as much as anyone. Major League Baseball recognized those events officially by sponsoring a centennial of professional baseball in 1969. Thanks partly to their on - field success and the continental scope of their tours, the Red Stockings established styles in team uniforms and team nicknames that have some currency even in the 21st century. They also established a particular color, red, as the color of Cincinnati, and they provide the ultimate origin for the use of `` Red Sox '' in Boston. Contents 1 Baseball club 2 First professional team 3 Perfect season 4 1870 -- 1871 5 Players 6 Record 7 Notes 8 References 9 External links Baseball club The Cincinnati Base Ball Club, or simply Cincinnati Club, was established June 23, 1866 at a downtown law office, drawing up a constitution and by - laws and electing officers including Alfred T. Goshorn, President. A few years later Goshorn earned international fame as Director - General of the ( U.S. ) Centennial Exposition held 1876 in Philadelphia. Founding member George B. Ellard also led the Union Cricket Club, and the relationship between them proved decisive for the baseball club 's success. The Cincinnati Red Stockings in 1868, one year before they turned professional. After playing four matches that summer, Cincinnati joined the NABBP for 1867 and concluded an agreement to play at the Union Cricket Club grounds ( just west of Lincoln Park, a site now occupied by Cincinnati Museum Center at Union Terminal ). George Ellard 's son says that `` a great number of the cricket club members '' joined and so `` the team was greatly strengthened and interest in baseball gained a new impetus. '' Plans for a new clubhouse and `` more substantical '' enclosing fence were approved in April and the commercial basis was approved in June : members of both clubs admitted free to all matches ; otherwise `` ten cents for home matches and twenty five cents for foreign matches. Ladies free. '' ( Ellard 23 -- 27 ). The team was soon nicknamed `` Red Stockings '' in reference to the main feature of the uniforms designed by Ellard ; long stockings were then a novelty in team uniforms. Harpers Weekly representation of the Cincinnati Red Stockings. Harry Wright had migrated from New York in 1866 for a job as `` club pro '' at the Union Cricket Club. Next year he picked up similar baseball duties, but the lingo is commonly stretched to call him a baseball `` manager '' from that time. His first team may have been local to a man, but he both developed and imported players to represent the club in competitive play for the 1868 season. The first team won 16 matches with regional opponents, losing only to the touring Nationals from Washington. As for most hosts on that tour, it was a `` bad loss '' on the scorecard but an instructive one for Cincinnati : the players, the club, the fans, and perhaps the local newspapers. Everyone learned advanced points of play and, from their different perspectives, witnessed the gulf in playing strength. About half of the 1868 Red Stockings were eastern imports, presumably compensated somehow. The two leading batsmen, John Hatfield and Fred Waterman arrived from the New York Mutuals, one of the strongest teams anywhere and another team pushing the bounds of the amateur code. Asa Brainard had been the Brooklyn Excelsiors ' regular pitcher for four seasons, succeeded in 1867 by Candy Cummings. Catcher Doug Allison was from the Geary club of Philadelphia, one of the stronger clubs in that city. There was one local recruit, too, from the rival Buckeye club : Charlie Gould at first base. Harry Wright remained the first pitcher, sharing that position and second base with Brainard, and three other incumbents remained in the outfield and at shortstop. The 1868 team played a heavy schedule including a late eastern tour, once again dominating the western teams but losing seven of 43 matches in all. First professional team Cincinnati Red Stockings in 1869. When the NABBP permitted professional members for 1869, Harry Wright and probably George Ellard organized a fully professional team : ten men on salary for eight months, March 15 to November 15. Wright played center field and coordinated the team defense, a novelty from any position. Younger brother and shortstop George Wright, new to the team in 1869, was its best player, maybe the best of his time. The professional Cincinnati Red Stockings played their first game May 4, 1869, with a 45 -- 9 win over the Great Westerns of Cincinnati. The team won 57 games and lost zero, counting only matches with Association clubs. They played over 70 games counting outside teams. Its commercial tour of continental scope, visiting both Boston and San Francisco, was unprecedented and may be essentially unrepeated. The first season ended November 6 at home with the Cincinnatis beating the Mutuals of New York 17 -- 8. With the same regular nine, the 1870 team continued to win regularly, perhaps 24 games before losing 8 -- 7 in eleven innings to the Brooklyn Atlantics in Brooklyn, June 14. The Red Stockings remained one of the few strongest teams on the field, losing only six games, but attendance declined badly, especially at home. Perfect season In 1869, the Red Stockings posted a perfect 65 -- 0 record, the only perfect season in professional baseball history. This was the first team to play on the East and West coasts in the same season. More than 2,000 people greeted the team when it arrived in San Francisco at 10 : 00 p.m. `` They really helped nationalize the game and put Cincinnati on the map as a baseball town, '' said Greg Rhodes, a Reds historian who wrote `` The First Boys of Summer '' ( Road West Publishing Company, 1994 ), along with Enquirer reporter John Erardi, about the 1869 -- 1870 Red Stockings. 1870 -- 1871 On June 14, 1870, after 84 consecutive wins since assembling the first professional team in, the Cincinnati Red Stockings lost 8 -- 7 to the Brooklyn Atlantics before a crowd of 20,000 at the Capitoline Grounds. Bob Ferguson scored the winning run in the 11th inning on a hit by pitcher George Zettlein. The Executive Board now led by President A.P.C. Bonte recommended on November 21, 1870, that the club not employ a nine for 1871, for that had become too expensive. The spokesmen anticipated `` a development of the amateur talent of our club, such as has not been displayed since we employed professionals. '' The officers subsequently decided to disband the company ( the players having disbanded via the market ) and a public meeting of the members put that decision into effect. Harry Wright was hired by founder and president Ivers Whitney Adams to organize a new pro club in Boston and he signed three Cincinnati teammates to join the 1871 Boston Red Stockings in the first professional league, as it turned out. Ex-Cincinnati Red Stockings moved around some ( see the note on Team members ) but Boston retained both Wright brothers throughout the five years of the National Association. The current Cincinnati Reds club identifies itself with the Cincinnati Red Stockings, despite reorganization and defections in the early years. The distinct Boston Red Stockings, beginning business with half of the Cincinnati team, both followed the young tradition and spread it to Boston. Eventually the Boston Red Stockings adopted the name Boston Braves ; the club is now based in Atlanta, and still retains red as one of its uniform colors. The Boston Red Sox, established in 1901, adopted their version of the old nickname in 1908. Players An 1869 lithograph of the Red Stockings ' `` First Nine ''. Ten men composed the 1869 team and the First Nine returned for 1870 in the same roles. Asa Brainard, Pitcher Doug Allison, Catcher Charlie Gould, First Base Charlie Sweasy, Second Base Fred Waterman, Third Base George Wright, Shortstop Andy Leonard, Left Field Harry Wright, Center Field / Manager Cal McVey, Right Field Dick Hurley, substitute From 1867 Harry Wright fulfilled the duties of modern field managers, general managers, and traveling secretaries. In 1868 he and Brainard shared the pitcher and second base positions with Allison, Gould, and Waterman already manning the other bases. For the crosstown rival Buckeye club, Sweasy and Leonard played second and third with Hurley a substitute. Among them only Gould was a Cincinnati native ; the others were from the East, presumably compensated somehow by club members if not by the clubs. ( The Association first permitted professional clubs for 1869. ) Meanwhile, George Wright and McVey played in New York and Indianapolis, primarily at shortstop and pitcher. For 1871 the Nine split between two teams in the new all - professional National Association : Gould, the Wright brothers, and McVey with the Boston Red Stockings ; Brainard, Allison, Sweasy, Waterman, and Leonard with the Washington Olympics. Substitute Hurley is also a `` major leaguer '' for his brief play with the Olympics in 1872, although that club went out of business midseason and he did not return to the league. The leading substitute in the second season, Harry Deane joined the Fort Wayne Kekiongas in 1871 and later played a full season regularly. Andy Leonard rejoined Gould, the Wrights, and McVey in Boston for 1872, the first of four consecutive championship seasons there. After one miss Harry won his last two championships as a non-playing manager in 1877 -- 1878 with Leonard and brother George still among his regulars. Gould and McVey left in 1873, although McVey returned for 1874 -- 75 only. Record Before Cincinnati hired its team for the 1869 season, the strongest clubs were located from Washington to Troy, New York. In 1867 and 1868, Cincinnati was beaten only by clubs from that eastern corridor, winning 16 and 29 games without defeat against western opponents. Year Games Won Lost Tied Rank in games ( or wins ) 1867 18 17 0 16 ( 10th in wins ) 1868 43 36 7 0 3 ( 4th ) 1869 65 65 0 0 1 ( 1st ) 1870 74 67 6 3 ( 2nd ) Championship matches with professional teams 1869 -- 1870 Year Games Won Lost Tied Rank in games ( or wins ) 1869 19 19 0 0 8 ( 1st in wins ) 1870 34 27 6 4 ( 2nd ) Notes Jump up ^ 1869 Cincinnati Red Stockings Vintage Base Ball Team homepage ( 2007 ). Cincinnati Vintage Base Ball Club. Retrieved 2010 - 10 - 15. Jump up ^ George Ellard 's son Harry, writing forty years later, is the principal source on the cricket club and the relationship between the two clubs, as well as George 's personal role. The Union Cricket Club was established 1856 ; George Ellard was president in 1867, span not reported, and he signed Harry Wright in 1865 ( according to his son ). Jump up ^ Ellard ( 1908 ) credits his father with designing the first version, including a white flannel shirt ( plain ? ), and with responsibility for the annual order. `` As the long red stockings were necessarily made to order, they were quite expensive, for they were up to that time unknown. Mrs. Berthra Bertram of Elm Street made the uniforms for Cincinnati and many other clubs through the early eighties. '' Jump up ^ History : Legend of the Cincinnati Red Stockings webpage. 1869 Cincinnati Red Stockings Vintage Base Ball Team website ( 2007 ). Cincinnati Vintage Base Ball Club. Retrieved 2010 - 10 - 15. Jump up ^ The novel If I Never Get Back : A Novel by Darryl Brock ( 1989 ) uses the Red Stockings 1869 season as the backdrop. It features a man who finds himself transported back in time where he travels with the team. Brock uses the actual players by name and the actual playing schedule. Jump up ^ Ellard ( 1908 ) : 155 -- 56. Jump up ^ Reds Timeline reds.com : History Jump up ^ Marshall Wright ( 2000 ) lists multiple fielding positions where known, including a total of 16 listings for the Nine in 1868, all in the infield. Cincinnati 's best batsman was its left fielder, John Hatfield of New York who jumped back to the New York Mutuals next year, but the pattern that leading players were in the infield was common. For annual rosters and other playing data see Wright ( 2000 ) on 1857 -- 1870 and Baseball - Reference on the major leagues from 1871. Jump up ^ Wright ( 2000 ) has published records for dozens of NABBP teams and hundreds of games every season, relying on a mix of match and season records in contemporary newspapers and guides. The overall records do not perfectly cover either all games played or all championship matches between NABBP members but the records of championship matches between professional members may be reliable. References Ellard, Harry ( ( 1908 ) 2004 ). Base Ball in Cincinnati : A History. Jefferson, NC : McFarland & Co. ISBN 0 - 7864 - 1726 - 9 Frommer, Harvey ( 2005 ). `` First Professional Baseball Team : Flashback ''. Retrieved 2006 - 08 - 26. Wright, Marshall ( 2000 ). The National Association of Base Ball Players, 1857 -- 1870. Jefferson, NC : McFarland & Co. ISBN 0 - 910137 - 58 - 7 External links Wikimedia Commons has media related to Cincinnati Red Stockings. Library of Congress American Memory catalog page for `` First Nine of the Cincinnati ( Red Stockings ) Base Ball Club '' ( lithograph ). Cincinnati, OH : Tuchfarber, Walkley & Moellman. 1869. ( 1 ) 1869 Cincinnati Red Stockings Vintage Base Ball Club 19c Base Ball SCSR / Cincinnati Red Stockings SCSR / Union Grounds Baseball card sells for $75,285 Cincinnati Reds Formerly the Cincinnati Red Stockings and the Cincinnati Redlegs Based in Cincinnati, Ohio Franchise History Seasons Records No - hitters Awards Players Managers Owners and executives Opening Day starting pitchers Hall of Fame Logos and uniforms First - round draft picks Ballparks Bank Street Grounds League Park League Park II Palace of the Fans Crosley Field Riverfront Stadium Great American Ball Park Spring training Majestic Park Riverside Park Tinker Field Sixto Escobar Stadium Plant Field Al Lopez Field Plant City Stadium Ed Smith Stadium Goodyear Ballpark Culture Cincinnati Red Stockings Rosie Reds Mr. Red The Big Red Machine The Nasty Boys Dowd Report Lore 1999 NL Wild Card tie - breaker game 2013 NL Wild Card Game Tom Browning 's perfect game Rivalries Cleveland Indians Key personnel Owner : Robert Castellini President of Baseball Operations : Walt Jocketty General Manager : Dick Williams Manager : Bryan Price World Series Championships ( 5 ) 1919 1940 1976 1990 National League pennants ( 9 ) 1919 1939 1940 1961 1970 1972 1976 1990 AA pennants ( 1 ) 1882 Division titles ( 10 ) National League Central 1995 2012 National League West 1970 1972 1973 1976 1979 1990 Minor league affiliates Louisville Bats ( AAA ) Pensacola Blue Wahoos ( AA ) Daytona Tortugas ( A Adv. ) Dayton Dragons ( A ) Billings Mustangs ( Rookie Adv. ) Greeneville Reds ( Rookie Adv. ) AZL Reds ( Rookie ) DSL Reds ( Rookie ) DSL Rojos ( Rookie ) Media Broadcasters Radio : WLW Reds Radio Network TV : Fox Sports Ohio Seasons ( 137 ) 1880s 1880 1881 1882 1883 1884 1885 1886 1887 1888 1889 1890s 1890 1891 1892 1893 1894 1895 1896 1897 1898 1899 1900s 1900 1901 1902 1903 1904 1905 1906 1907 1908 1909 1910s 1910 1911 1912 1913 1914 1915 1916 1917 1918 1919 1920s 1920 1921 1922 1923 1924 1925 1926 1927 1928 1929 1930s 1930 1931 1932 1933 1934 1935 1936 1937 1938 1939 1940s 1940 1941 1942 1943 1944 1945 1946 1947 1948 1949 1950s 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1957 1958 1959 1960s 1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970s 1970 1971 1972 1973 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980s 1980 1981 1982 1984 1985 1986 1990s 1990 1991 1995 2000s 2010s 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cincinnati_Red_Stockings&oldid=835690553 '' Categories : National Association of Base Ball Players teams Baseball in Cincinnati Baseball teams established in 1866 1871 disestablishments 1866 establishments in Ohio Talk Contents About Wikipedia Français 한국어 日本 語 Simple English Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски Edit links This page was last edited on 10 April 2018, at 05 : 37. 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Question: the cincinnati red stockings first loss was to which baseball club
Answer: the Brooklyn Atlantics