London Eye - wikipedia London Eye London Eye London Eye Alternative names Millennium Wheel General information Status Complete Type Ferris wheel Location Lambeth, London Address Riverside Building, County Hall, Westminster Bridge Road Country United Kingdom Coordinates 51 ° 30 ′ 12 '' N 0 ° 07 ′ 10 '' W ﻿ / ﻿ 51.5033 ° N 0.1194 ° W ﻿ / 51.5033 ; - 0.1194 Coordinates : 51 ° 30 ′ 12 '' N 0 ° 07 ′ 10 '' W ﻿ / ﻿ 51.5033 ° N 0.1194 ° W ﻿ / 51.5033 ; - 0.1194 Completed March 2000 Opened 31 December 1999 ( ceremonial, without passengers ) 1 February 2000 ( first passengers carried ) 9 March 2000 ( opened to general public ) Cost £ 70 million Owner Merlin Entertainments Height 135 metres ( 443 ft ) Diameter 120 metres ( 394 ft ) Design and construction Architect Frank Anatole Nic Bailey Julia Barfield Steve Chilton Malcolm Cook David Marks Mark Sparrowhawk Architecture firm Marks Barfield Structural engineer Arup Other designers Babtie Allott & Lomax ( checking engineer ) Tony Gee ( foundations ) Awards and prizes Institution of Structural Engineers Special Award 2001 Website www.londoneye.com The London Eye is a giant Ferris wheel on the South Bank of the River Thames in London. The structure is 443 feet ( 135 m ) tall and the wheel has a diameter of 394 feet ( 120 m ). When it opened to the public in 2000 it was the world 's tallest Ferris wheel. Its height was surpassed by the 525 - foot ( 160 m ) Star of Nanchang in 2006, the 541 - foot ( 165 m ) Singapore Flyer in 2008, and the 550 - foot ( 167.6 m ) High Roller ( Las Vegas ) in 2014. Supported by an A-frame on one side only, unlike the taller Nanchang and Singapore wheels, the Eye is described by its operators as `` the world 's tallest cantilevered observation wheel ''. It is Europe 's tallest Ferris wheel, and offered the highest public viewing point in London until it was superseded by the 804 - foot ( 245 m ) high observation deck on the 72nd floor of The Shard, which opened to the public on 1 February 2013. It is the most popular paid tourist attraction in the United Kingdom with over 3.75 million visitors annually, and has made many appearances in popular culture. The London Eye adjoins the western end of Jubilee Gardens ( previously the site of the former Dome of Discovery ), on the South Bank of the River Thames between Westminster Bridge and Hungerford Bridge beside County Hall, in the London Borough of Lambeth. Contents 1 History 1.1 Predecessor 1.2 Design and construction 1.3 Opening 2 Passenger capsules 3 Ownership and branding 4 Financial difficulties 5 Critical reception 6 Transport links 7 References 8 External links History Predecessor Main article : Great Wheel A predecessor to the London Eye, the Great Wheel, was built for the Empire of India Exhibition at Earls Court and opened to the public on 17 July 1895. Modelled on the original Chicago Ferris Wheel, it was 94 metres ( 308 ft ) tall and 82.3 metres ( 270 ft ) in diameter. It stayed in service until 1906, by which time its 40 cars ( each with a capacity of 40 persons ) had carried over 2.5 million passengers. The Great Wheel was demolished in 1907 following its last use at the Imperial Austrian Exhibition. Design and construction Supported by an A-frame on one side only, the Eye is described by its operators as a cantilevered observation wheel The London Eye was designed by the husband - and - wife team of Julia Barfield and David Marks of Marks Barfield Architects. Mace was responsible for construction management, with Hollandia as the main steelwork contractor and Tilbury Douglas as the civil contractor. Consulting engineers Tony Gee & Partners designed the foundation works while Beckett Rankine designed the marine works. Nathaniel Lichfield and Partners assisted The Tussauds Group in obtaining planning and listed building consent to alter the wall on the South Bank of the Thames. They also examined and reported on the implications of a Section 106 agreement attached to the original contract, and also prepared planning and listed building consent applications for the permanent retention of the attraction, which involved the co-ordination of an Environmental Statement and the production of a planning supporting statement detailing the reasons for its retention. The spindle, hub, and tensioned cables that support the rim The rim of the Eye is supported by tensioned steel cables and resembles a huge spoked bicycle wheel. The lighting was redone with LED lighting from Color Kinetics in December 2006 to allow digital control of the lights as opposed to the manual replacement of gels over fluorescent tubes. The wheel was constructed in sections which were floated up the Thames on barges and assembled lying flat on piled platforms in the river. Once the wheel was complete it was lifted into an upright position by a strand jack system made by Enerpac. It was first raised at 2 degrees per hour until it reached 65 degrees, then left in that position for a week while engineers prepared for the second phase of the lift. The project was European with major components coming from six countries : the steel was supplied from the UK and fabricated in The Netherlands by the Dutch company Hollandia, the cables came from Italy, the bearings came from Germany ( FAG / Schaeffler Group ), the spindle and hub were cast in the Czech Republic, the capsules were made by Poma in France ( and the glass for these came from Italy ), and the electrical components from the UK. Opening The London Eye was formally opened by then Prime Minister Tony Blair on 31 December 1999, but did not open to the paying public until 9 March 2000 because of a capsule clutch problem. On 5 June 2008 it was announced that 30 million people had ridden the London Eye since it opened. Passenger capsules Each of the 32 ovoidal capsules weighs 10 tonnes and can carry 25 people The wheel 's 32 sealed and air - conditioned ovoidal passenger capsules, designed and supplied by Poma, are attached to the external circumference of the wheel and rotated by electric motors. Each of the 10 - tonne ( 11 - short - ton ) capsules represents one of the London Boroughs, and holds up to 25 people, who are free to walk around inside the capsule, though seating is provided. The wheel rotates at 26 cm ( 10 in ) per second ( about 0.9 kph or 0.6 mph ) so that one revolution takes about 30 minutes. It does not usually stop to take on passengers ; the rotation rate is slow enough to allow passengers to walk on and off the moving capsules at ground level. It is, however, stopped to allow disabled or elderly passengers time to embark and disembark safely. In 2009 the first stage of a £ 12.5 million capsule upgrade began. Each capsule was taken down and floated down the river to Tilbury Docks in Essex. On 2 June 2013 a passenger capsule was named the Coronation Capsule to mark the sixtieth anniversary of the coronation of Queen Elizabeth II. Ownership and branding London Eye at twilight The Eye on the South Bank of the Thames, with Jubilee Gardens ( left ) and County Hall ( right ) in the background Marks Barfield ( the lead architects ), The Tussauds Group, and British Airways were the original owners of the London Eye. Tussauds bought out British Airways in 2005 and then Marks Barfield in 2006 to become sole owner. In May 2007, the Blackstone Group purchased The Tussauds Group which was then the owner of the Eye ; Tussauds was merged with Blackstone 's Merlin Entertainments and disappeared as an entity. British Airways continued its brand association, but from the beginning of 2008 the name British Airways was dropped from the logo. On 12 August 2009 the London Eye saw another rebrand, this time being called `` The Merlin Entertainments London Eye '' to showcase Merlin Entertainments ' ownership. A new logo was designed for the attraction -- this time taking the form of an eye made out of London 's famous landmarks. This coincided with the launch of Merlin Entertainments 4D Experience preflight show underneath the ticket centre in County Hall. The refurbished ticket hall and 4D cinema experience were designed by architect Kay Elliott working with Merlin Studios project designer Craig Sciba. Merlin Studios later appointed Simex - Iwerks as the 4D theatre hardware specialists. The film was written and directed by 3D director Julian Napier and 3D produced by Phil Streather. In January 2011, a lighting - up ceremony marked the start of a three - year deal between EDF Energy and Merlin Entertainments. On 1 August 2014 the logo was reverted to the previous `` The Merlin Entertainments London Eye '' version, with the name becoming simply `` The London Eye ''. In September 2014, Coca - Cola signed an agreement to sponsor the London Eye for two years, starting from January 2015. On the day of the announcement, the London Eye was lit in red. Financial difficulties Colourful London Eye near County Hall On 20 May 2005, there were reports of a leaked letter showing that the South Bank Centre ( SBC ) -- owners of part of the land on which the struts of the Eye are located -- had served a notice to quit on the attraction along with a demand for an increase in rent from £ 64,000 per year to £ 2.5 million, which the operators rejected as unaffordable. On 25 May 2005, London mayor Ken Livingstone vowed that the landmark would remain in London. He also pledged that if the dispute was not resolved he would use his powers to ask the London Development Agency to issue a compulsory purchase order. The land in question is a small part of the Jubilee Gardens, which was given to the SBC for £ 1 when the Greater London Council was broken up. The South Bank Centre and the British Airways London Eye agreed on a 25 - year lease on 8 February 2006 after a judicial review over the rent dispute. The lease agreement meant that the South Bank Centre, a publicly funded charity, would receive at least £ 500,000 a year from the attraction, the status of which is secured for the foreseeable future. Tussauds also announced the acquisition of the entire one - third interests of British Airways and Marks Barfield in the Eye as well as the outstanding debt to BA. These agreements gave Tussauds 100 % ownership and resolved the debt from the Eye 's construction loan from British Airways, which stood at more than £ 150 million by mid-2005 and had been increasing at 25 % per annum. Critical reception Sir Richard Rogers, winner of the 2007 Pritzker Architecture Prize, wrote of the London Eye in a book about the project : The Eye has done for London what the Eiffel Tower did for Paris, which is to give it a symbol and to let people climb above the city and look back down on it. Not just specialists or rich people, but everybody. That 's the beauty of it : it is public and accessible, and it is in a great position at the heart of London. Writing for G2 in an article from August 2007, Steve Rose described the Eye as follows : The Eye... exists in a category of its own... It essentially has to fulfil only one function, and what a brilliantly inessential function it is : to lift people up from the ground, take them round a giant loop in the sky, then put them back down where they started. That is all it needs to do, and thankfully, that is all it does. Transport links The nearest London Underground station is Waterloo, although Charing Cross, Embankment, and Westminster are also within easy walking distance. Connection with National Rail services is made at London Waterloo station and London Waterloo East station. London River Services operated by Thames Clippers and City Cruises stop at the London Eye Pier. References Jump up ^ London Eye ^ Jump up to : London 's big wheel birthday Jump up ^ Reece, Damian ( 6 May 2001 ). `` London Eye is turning at a loss ''. The Daily Telegraph. ^ Jump up to : `` Structurae London Eye Millennium Wheel ''. web page. Nicolas Janberg ICS. 2011. Retrieved 5 December 2011. Jump up ^ `` The London Eye ''. UK Attractions.com. 31 December 1999. Retrieved 7 January 2010. Jump up ^ `` About the London Eye ''. Archived from the original on 11 July 2012. Jump up ^ `` How big can Ferris wheels get ? ''. Thoughts.arup.com. 23 September 2013. Retrieved 21 May 2014. Jump up ^ Taylor, David ( 1 March 2001 ). `` ISE rewards the biggest and best ''. The Architects ' Journal. Jump up ^ `` London Eye, UK ''. Jump up ^ Merlin Entertainments Group Jump up ^ Royal Mail Celebrates 10 Years of the London Eye Archived 3 December 2013 at the Wayback Machine. Jump up ^ `` Up you come, the view 's amazing... first look from the Shard 's public gallery ''. London Evening Standard. Retrieved 31 December 2014 Jump up ^ Shard observation deck to be Europe 's highest Jump up ^ The Shard Opens Viewing Deck To Visitors Jump up ^ `` The London Eye a complete visitor guide ''. Retrieved 1 May 2014. Jump up ^ The Ferris Wheel 's London Rival Jump up ^ Spot the difference : London landmarks, then and now Jump up ^ Anderson Norman. Ferris Wheels : An illustrated history. p. 97. ISBN 087972532X. Jump up ^ Richard Weingardt. Circles in the Sky : The Life and Times of George Ferris. p. 109. ISBN 0784410100. Jump up ^ Richard Moreno. A Short History of Carson City. p. 74. ISBN 0874178363. Jump up ^ The Great Wheel, London Jump up ^ Anderson Norman. Ferris Wheels : An illustrated history. p. 100. ISBN 087972532X. Jump up ^ Hibbert, Christopher ( 2011 ). The London Encyclopaedia ( 3rd Edition ). London : Pan MacMillan. ISBN 9780230738782. ^ Jump up to : Rose, Steve ( 31 August 2007 ). `` London Eye, love at first sight ''. The Guardian. Retrieved 7 January 2010. Jump up ^ Beckett Rankine -- London Eye Pier Design Archived 16 June 2013 at the Wayback Machine. Jump up ^ `` NLP -- Project : ''. Nlpplanning.com. Archived from the original on 21 March 2007. Retrieved 7 January 2010. ^ Jump up to : `` Making of The London Eye ''. Londoneye.com. Archived from the original on 21 May 2014. Retrieved 21 May 2014. Jump up ^ `` Color Kinetics Showcase London Eye ''. Colorkinetics.com. Retrieved 7 January 2010. Jump up ^ Enerpac strand jacks lift London Eye. Enerpac.com. Retrieved on 6 February 2012. Jump up ^ Mann, A.P. ; Thompson, N. ; Smits, M. ( 2001 ). `` Building the British Airways London Eye ''. Proceedings of the ICE -- Civil Engineering. 144 ( 2 ) : 60 -- 72. doi : 10.1680 / cien. 2001.144. 2.60. Jump up ^ `` All Eyes on Eighth Wonder : The London Eye greets 30 millionth visitor and joins Stonehenge and the Taj Mahal as a world wonder ''. londoneye.com. EDF Energy London Eye. June 2008. Retrieved 13 January 2012. Jump up ^ Ashby, Charles. ( 15 November 2011 ) High - flying deal for Leitner - Poma. Gjsentinel.com. Retrieved on 6 February 2012. Jump up ^ Colorado 's Leitner - Poma to build cabins for huge observation wheel in Las Vegas. Denverpost.com. Retrieved on 6 February 2012. ^ Jump up to : `` Interesting things you never knew about the London Eye ''. London Eye. Archived from the original on 30 July 2014. Jump up ^ Hester, Elliott ( 23 September 2007 ). `` London 's Eye in the sky not just a Ferris wheel ''. Chicago Tribune. Archived from the original on 26 November 2010. Jump up ^ `` Disabled Guests ''. London Eye. Jump up ^ Woodman, Peter ( 26 June 2009 ). `` London Eye capsule taken away as refit starts ''. The Independent. Jump up ^ `` Queen lookalike unveils Coronation Capsule at London Eye ''. london-se1.co.uk. 2 June 2013. Retrieved 8 June 2013. ^ Jump up to : Reuters, From ( 6 March 2007 ). `` Blackstone to buy Tussauds ' parent ''. Los Angeles Times. ISSN 0458 - 3035. Retrieved 16 January 2017. Jump up ^ Rose, Steve ( 27 March 2006 ). `` Towering ambition ''. The Guardian. ISSN 0261 - 3077. Retrieved 16 January 2017. Jump up ^ https://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/markets/2812377/Merlin-conjures-up-leaseback-deal.html Jump up ^ https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/03/05/AR2007030501369.html Jump up ^ `` London Eye to get ( another ) new name ''. Evening Standard. 7 January 2011. Retrieved 16 January 2017. Jump up ^ `` A new eye on London ''. London Eye. Archived from the original on 17 August 2009. Jump up ^ `` EDF Energy naming rights ''. Attractions Management. Retrieved 8 January 2011. Jump up ^ Merlin Entertainments, leading name in location based, family entertainment -- MERLIN ANNOUNCES THREE - YEAR PARTNERSHIP FOR LONDON EYE WITH EDF ENERGY 070111 Archived 4 October 2011 at the Wayback Machine... Merlinentertainments.biz ( 27 January 2011 ). Retrieved on 6 February 2012. Jump up ^ `` Coca - Cola to sponsor London Eye ''. Press Association. The Guardian. 16 September 2014. Retrieved 22 October 2014. Jump up ^ `` London Eye given eviction notice ''. BBC News. 20 May 2005. Retrieved 7 January 2010. Jump up ^ `` Mayor 's ' prat ' jibe over Eye row ''. BBC News. 25 May 2005. Retrieved 7 January 2010. Jump up ^ Marriner, Cosima ( 11 November 2005 ). `` BA sells stake in London Eye to Tussauds for £ 95m ''. The Guardian. Retrieved 7 January 2010. Jump up ^ Marks Barfield Architects ( 2007 ). Eye : The story behind the London Eye. London : Black Dog Publishing. Jump up ^ How to get here Archived 13 May 2014 at the Wayback Machine. External links Wikimedia Commons has media related to London Eye. Official website Architect 's website London Eye at Structurae Live London Eye Webcam Preceded by Daikanransha World 's tallest Ferris wheel 2000 -- 2006 Succeeded by Star of Nanchang Ferris wheels World 's tallest Ferris wheels ( over 80 m ) Americas US the original Ferris Wheel High Roller Orlando Eye Asia China Bailang River Bridge Ferris Wheel Changsha Ferris Wheel Harbin Ferris Wheel Shanghai Ferris Wheel Star of Lake Tai Star of Nanchang Suzhou Ferris Wheel Tianjin Eye Zhengzhou Ferris Wheel Japan Aurora Wheel Cosmo Clock 21 Daikanransha Diamond and Flower Ferris Wheel Igosu 108 Redhorse Osaka Wheel Sky Dream Fukuoka Space Eye Technocosmos / Technostar Tempozan Ferris Wheel Singapore Singapore Flyer Taiwan Sky Wheel Europe France Grande Roue de Paris Italy Eurowheel United Kingdom Great Wheel London Eye Oceania Australia Melbourne Star Other conventional Ferris wheels For a more extensive list, see List of Ferris wheels Americas Canada Niagara SkyWheel US Capital Wheel Colossus Myrtle Beach SkyWheel Seattle Great Wheel Texas Star Uniroyal Giant Tire Asia Hong Kong Hong Kong Observation Wheel Indonesia J - Sky Japan Amuran Big O Turkmenistan Alem Europe & Eurasia Austria Wiener Riesenrad Azerbaijan Baku Ferris Wheel Russia Moscow - 850 Other types of wheel Transportable Ferris wheels designs Bussink Design R80XL wheels Roue de Paris Steiger Ferris Wheel see also List of transportable Ferris wheels Transportable Ferris wheel installations Australia Wheel of Brisbane India Delhi Eye Malaysia Eye on Malaysia ( Kuala Lumpur and Malacca ) United Kingdom and Ireland Belfast Wheel Brighton Wheel Royal Windsor Wheel Wheel of Birmingham Wheel of Dublin Wheel of Liverpool Wheel of Manchester Wheel of Sheffield Yorkshire Wheel Eccentric wheels US Mickey 's Fun Wheel Wonder Wheel Double wheels US Giant Wheel ( Hersheypark ) Triple wheels US Sky Whirl Major Ferris wheel proposals Construction in progress : Dubai Dubai Eye Unfinished projects : China Turn of Fortune US New York Wheel Abandoned projects : US Skyvue Quiescent proposals : China Beijing Great Wheel Germany Great Berlin Wheel India Kolkata Eye US Great Orlando Wheel For other quiescent ( incomplete, delayed, stalled, cancelled, failed, or abandoned ) proposals, see : Ferris wheel # Quiescent proposals Related topics Designers, manufacturers, and operators Allan Herschell Company Chance Morgan Chance Wheels / Chance American Wheels Eli Bridge Company Great City Attractions ( previously World Tourist Attractions ) Great Wheel Corporation ( merged with World Tourist Attractions in 2009 ) Intamin Maurer German Wheels Mondial Ronald Bussink ( Nauta Bussink / Bussink Landmarks / Bussink Design ) Sanoyas Rides Corporation Vekoma ( Dutch Wheels ) Waagner - Biro Wheels Entertainments People George Washington Gale Ferris Jr. Popular culture London Eye in popular culture The Great Wheel ( novel ) The London Eye Mystery ( novel ) Categories Ferris wheels Former Ferris wheels Proposed Ferris wheels Transportable Ferris wheels Unbuilt Ferris wheels Unfinished Ferris wheels Amusement rides Ferris wheels @ Wikimedia Commons Merlin Entertainments Resort theme parks Alton Towers Chessington World of Adventures Gardaland Heide Park Thorpe Park Legoland Legoland Billund Resort Legoland California Legoland Deutschland Resort Legoland Japan Legoland Malaysia Resort Legoland Windsor Resort Legoland Florida Resort Discovery Center Boston Discovery Center Westchester Sea Life locations Standalone attractions Kelly Tarlton 's Sea Life Aquarium National Sea Life Centre ( Birmingham ) Sea Life Benalmádena Sea Life Busan Aquarium Sea Life London Aquarium Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium Sea Life Orlando Aquarium Sea Life Porto Sea Life Shanghai ( Changfeng Ocean World ) Sea Life Sydney Aquarium Sea Life Bangkok Ocean World UnderWater World Sea Life Aquarium In resort theme parks Sharkbait Reef Alton Towers Chessington Sea Life Centre Chessington World of Adventures Gardaland Sea Life Centre Gardaland Atlantis Submarine Voyage Legoland Windsor Resort Atlantis Legoland Billund Resort Atlantis Legoland Deutschland Resort Sea Life Legoland Legoland California Sanctuaries Cornish Seal Sanctuary Hunstanton Sea Life Sanctuary Manly Sea Life Sanctuary Scottish Sea Life Sanctuary In malls Grapevine Sea Life Aquarium Sea Life Minnesota Aquarium Sea Life Arizona Sea Life Charlotte - Concord Sea Life Kansas City Sea Life Grapevine Madame Tussauds Amsterdam Bangkok Beijing Berlin Blackpool Chongqing Hollywood Hong Kong Istanbul Las Vegas London New York Orlando San Francisco Shanghai Singapore Sydney Tokyo Vienna Washington D.C. 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Question: when was the london eye finished being built
Answer: March 2000