Fibrous joint - wikipedia Fibrous joint Fibrous joint Fibrous joints Details Identifiers Latin Articulatio fibrosa, junctura fibrosa TA A03. 0.00. 004 FMA 7492 Anatomical terminology ( edit on Wikidata ) Fibrous joints are connected by dense connective tissue, consisting mainly of collagen. These are fixed joints where bones are united by a layer of white fibrous tissue of varying thickness. In the skull the joints between the bones are called sutures. Such immovable joints are also referred to as synarthroses. Contents 1 Types 2 Sutures 2.1 Types of sutures 2.2 List of sutures 2.2. 1 Visible from the side 2.2. 2 Visible from the front or above 2.2. 3 Visible from below or inside 2.3 Gallery 3 Syndesmosis 3.1 Diagnosis of a syndesmotic injury 3.2 Syndesmotic tear 4 Gomphosis 5 References 6 External links Types Most fibrous joints are also called `` fixed '' or `` immovable '', because they do not move. These joints have no joint cavity and are connected via fibrous connective tissue. The skull bones are connected by fibrous joints called sutures.In fetal skulls the sutures are wide to allow slight movement during birth. They later become rigid ( synarthrodial ). Some of the long bones in the body such as the radius and ulna in the forearm are joined by a syndesmosis ( along the interosseous membrane ). Syndemoses are slightly moveable ( amphiarthrodial ). The distal tibiofibular joint is another example. A gomphosis is a joint between the root of a tooth and the socket in the maxilla or mandible ( jawbones ). Sutures This section is about joints in the bones of the skull. For stitches holding tissues together, see Surgical suture. For natural structures of a wide range of animals, see Suture ( anatomy ). For other uses, see Suture ( disambiguation ). Side view of the skull Human skull side sutures right A suture is a type of fibrous joint that is only found in the skull. The bones are bound together by Sharpey 's fibres. A tiny amount of movement is permitted at sutures, which contributes to the compliance and elasticity of the skull. These joints are synarthroses. It is normal for many of the bones of the skull to remain unfused at birth. The fusion of the skull 's bones at birth is known as craniosynostosis. The term `` fontanelle '' is used to describe the resulting `` soft spots ''. The relative positions of the bones continue to change during the life of the adult ( though less rapidly ), which can provide useful information in forensics and archaeology. In old age, cranial sutures may ossify ( turn to bone ) completely. The joints between the teeth ( gomphoses ) and the joint between the mandible and the cranium, the temporomandibular joint, form the only non-sutured joints in the skull. Types of sutures Plane sutures - edges of the bones are flush with each other as in a normal butt joint Limbous sutures - edges are bevelled so the plane of the suture is sloping as in a mitre joint Schindylesis - formed by two bones fitting into each other similar to a bridle joint Denticulate sutures - the edges slot into each other as in a finger joint Serrate sutures - similar to a denticulate suture but the interlocking regions are serrated rather than square. List of sutures Fig. 1 Cranial sutures viewed from top of head Most sutures are named for the bones they articulate, but some have special names of their own. Visible from the side Coronal suture - between the frontal and parietal bones Lambdoid suture - between the parietal and occipital bones and continuous with the occipitomastoid suture Occipitomastoid suture - between the occipital and temporal bones and continuous with the lambdoid suture Sphenofrontal suture Sphenoparietal suture Sphenosquamosal suture Sphenozygomatic suture Squamosal suture - between the parietal and the temporal bone Zygomaticotemporal suture Zygomaticofrontal suture Visible from the front or above Frontal suture / Metopic suture - between the two frontal bones, prior to the fusion of the two into a single bone Sagittal suture - along the midline, between parietal bones Visible from below or inside Frontoethmoidal suture Petrosquamous suture Sphenoethmoidal suture Sphenopetrosal suture Gallery Lambdoid suture Coronal suture Squamosal suture Zygomaticotemporal suture Sagittal suture. Sagittal suture. Sagittal suture. Top view of cranial suture. Syndesmosis A syndesmosis is a slightly movable fibrous joint in which bones such as the tibia and fibula are joined together by connective tissue. Examples include the distal tibia fibular joint as well as the radioulnar joint. Injuries to the ankle syndesmosis are commonly known as a `` high ankle sprain ''. Although the syndesmosis is a joint, in the literature the term syndesmotic injury is used to describe injury of the syndesmotic ligaments. It comes from the Greek σύν, syn ( meaning `` with '' ) and δεσμός, desmos ( meaning `` a band '' ). Syndesmosis sprains have received increasing recognition during recent years because of a heightened awareness of the mechanism, symptoms, and signs of injury. Diagnosis of a syndesmotic injury Diagnosis of syndesmosis injuries by physical examination is often straightforward. Physical examination findings that are often positive include the squeeze test and the external rotation test. Patients with high - grade syndesmosis injuries often can not perform a single - leg heel raise. Patients report pain over the anterior and often posterior distal fibular joint. Syndesmotic tear The severity of acute syndesmosis injury is rated from grade I to III by several authors. A grade I injury is a partial anteroinferior tibiofibular ligament tear, meaning the exorotation and squeeze tests are negative for this grade. Grade II injury is a complete anteroinferior tibiofibular ligament and inferior interossesus ligament tear, meaning that squeeze test and exorotation are positive. This results in the injury being stabilized with immobilization but not operatively stabilized. A grade III injury is a complete anteroinferior tibiofibular ligament tear including a ( partial ) interosseous ligament tear and deltoid ligament avulsion, meaning the joint is unstable and positive on the exorotation and squeeze tests. This grade requires operative stabilization. If the syndesmosis is torn apart as result of bone fracture, surgeons will sometimes fix the relevant bones together with a syndesmotic screw, temporarily replacing the syndesmosis, or with a tightrope fixation, which is called Syndesmosis Procedure. The screw inhibits normal movement of the bones and, thereby, the corresponding joint ( s ). When the natural articulation is healed, the screw may be removed. The tightrope fixation with elastic fiberwire suture on the other hand allows physiologic motion of the ankle and may be permanent. Gomphosis The teeth, viewed from the right A gomphosis, also known as a dentoalveolar syndesmosis, is a joint that binds the teeth to bony teeth sockets in the maxillary bone and mandible. The fibrous connection between a tooth and its socket is a periodontal ligament. Specifically, the connection is made between the maxilla or mandible to the cementum of the tooth. The motion of a gomphosis is minimal, though considerable movement can be achieved over time -- the basis of using braces to realign teeth. The joint can be considered a synarthrosis. The gomphosis is the only joint - type in which a bone does not join another bone, as teeth are not technically bone. In modern, more anatomical, joint classification, the gomphosis is simply considered a fibrous joint because the tissue linking the structures is ligamentous. A gomphosis is a specialized fibrous joint in which a conical process or peg of one bone fits into a hole or socket in another bone. ( gomphos is a Greek word meaning bolt ). Small quantity of fibrous tissue holds the bones together. No movement is possible at such peg - and - socket joints. References ^ Jump up to : `` Module - Introduction to Joints ''. Archived from the original on 2007 - 12 - 17. Retrieved 2008 - 01 - 29. Jump up ^ Tomco, Rachel. `` Fibrous Joints ''. AnatomyOne. Amirsys, Inc. Archived from the original on 2013 - 01 - 16. Retrieved 2012 - 09 - 28. Jump up ^ Harth, Sebastian ; Obert, Martin ; Ramsthaler, Frank ; Reuss, Christina ; Traupe, Horst ; Verhoff, Marcel ( 2009 ). `` Estimating age by assessing the ossification degree of cranial sutures with the aid of Flat - Panel - CT ''. Legal Medicine ( Tokyo ). Elsevier. 11 ( Supp. 1 ) : S186 -- S189. doi : 10.1016 / j. legalmed. 2009.01. 091. PMID 19261532. Retrieved 5 February 2016. Jump up ^ Dr. M.A. ( Toby ) Arnold ; Deborah Bryce. `` Arnold 's Glossary of Anatomy ''. The University of Sydney. Jump up ^ Jones, MH ; Amendola, A. `` Syndesmosis sprains of the ankle ''. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2007, p. 173 - 75. Jump up ^ Johnson, Darren L, MD ; Metzler, Adam V, MD. `` Dynamically Unstable Syndesmosis Injuries ''. Slack Incorporated, 2013, p. 209 - 11. Jump up ^ Valkering, Kars P, MD ; Vergroesen, Diederik, A, MD ; Nolte, Peter A, MD, PhD. `` Isolated Syndesmosis Ankle Injury ''. Slack Incorporated, 2012, p. e1705 - 10. Jump up ^ http://www.aaos.org/news/aaosnow/may08/clinical4.asp Jump up ^ http://www.arthrex.com/foot-ankle/tightrope Jump up ^ `` dentoalveolar syndesmosis ''. TheFreeDictionary.com. Jump up ^ `` Articulations ''. Archived from the original on 2007 - 01 - 04. Retrieved 2008 - 01 - 29. External links https://web.archive.org/web/20070104013319/http://commons.bcit.ca/biology/articulations/fibrous.html Wikimedia Commons has media related to Cranial sutures. MedlinePlus Encyclopedia 002320 Age at Death Estimation from Cranial Suture Closures Cranial suture closure and its implications for age estimation https://web.archive.org/web/20070104013319/http://commons.bcit.ca/biology/articulations/fibrous.html Fibrous joints of the human skull Syndesmosis Pterygospinous ligament Stylohyoid ligament Sutures Involving the frontal bone frontoethmoidal suture frontal suture coronal suture occipitomastoid lambdoid sagittal Involving the sphenoid bone sphenoethmoidal with frontal bone with parietal bone sphenosquamosal Involving the Petrous part of the temporal bone sphenopetrosal petrosquamous squamosal Facial : palatomaxillary suture Involving the zygomatic process with sphenoid bone with temporal bone with frontal bone Mouth Gomphosis Periodontal fiber Periodontium Dental alveolus Gingiva Cementum Joints Types Fibrous Gomphosis Suture Syndesmosis Interosseous membrane Cartilaginous Synchondrosis Symphysis synovial : Plane joint 1 ° Hinge joint Pivot joint 2 ° Condyloid joint Saddle joint 3 ° Ball and socket joint synostosis by range of motion : Synarthrosis Amphiarthrosis Diarthrosis Terminology Kinesiology Anatomical terms of motion Agonist / Antagonist Motions general : Flexion / Extension Adduction / Abduction Internal rotation / External rotation Elevation / Depression specialized / upper limbs : Protraction / Retraction Supination / Pronation specialized / lower limbs : Plantarflexion / Dorsiflexion Eversion / Inversion Components capsular : Joint capsule Synovial membrane Fibrous membrane Synovial fluid Synovial bursa Articular disk / Meniscus extracapsular : Ligament Enthesis Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fibrous_joint&oldid=831791182 '' Categories : Joints Skull Hidden categories : Pages with unresolved properties Talk Contents About Wikipedia فارسی Français Italiano Português کوردی Edit links This page was last edited on 22 March 2018, at 06 : 12. 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Question: the sutures in the skull are what kind of joints
Answer: synarthroses