Santa Croce, Florence - wikipedia Santa Croce, Florence `` Basilica of Santa Croce '' redirects here. For the basilica in Lecce, see Basilica of Santa Croce, Lecce. Basilica di Santa Croce Basilica of the Holy Cross Basilica di Santa Croce Location in Florence 43 ° 46 ′ 6.3 '' N 11 ° 15 ′ 45.8 '' E ﻿ / ﻿ 43.768417 ° N 11.262722 ° E ﻿ / 43.768417 ; 11.262722 Coordinates : 43 ° 46 ′ 6.3 '' N 11 ° 15 ′ 45.8 '' E ﻿ / ﻿ 43.768417 ° N 11.262722 ° E ﻿ / 43.768417 ; 11.262722 Location Florence, Tuscany Country Italy Denomination Roman Catholic History Consecrated 1443 Architecture Status Minor basilica Architectural type Church Style Gothic, Renaissance, Gothic Revival Groundbreaking 1294 - 1295 Completed 1385 Administration Archdiocese Archdiocese of Florence The Basilica di Santa Croce ( Basilica of the Holy Cross ) is the principal Franciscan church in Florence, Italy, and a minor basilica of the Roman Catholic Church. It is situated on the Piazza di Santa Croce, about 800 meters south - east of the Duomo. The site, when first chosen, was in marshland outside the city walls. It is the burial place of some of the most illustrious Italians, such as Michelangelo, Galileo, Machiavelli, the poet Foscolo, the philosopher Gentile and the composer Rossini, thus it is known also as the Temple of the Italian Glories ( Tempio dell'Itale Glorie ). Contents 1 Building 1.1 Renovations 2 Art 3 Funerary monuments 4 In literature 5 References 6 External links Building Franciscan symbol on the facade of the temple The Basilica is the largest Franciscan church in the world. Its most notable features are its sixteen chapels, many of them decorated with frescoes by Giotto and his pupils, and its tombs and cenotaphs. Legend says that Santa Croce was founded by St Francis himself. The construction of the current church, to replace an older building, was begun on 12 May 1294, possibly by Arnolfo di Cambio, and paid for by some of the city 's wealthiest families. It was consecrated in 1442 by Pope Eugene IV. The building 's design reflects the austere approach of the Franciscans. The floorplan is an Egyptian or Tau cross ( a symbol of St Francis ), 115 metres in length with a nave and two aisles separated by lines of octagonal columns. To the south of the church was a convent, some of whose buildings remain. The Primo Chiostro, the main cloister, houses the Cappella dei Pazzi, built as the chapter house, completed in the 1470s. Filippo Brunelleschi ( who had designed and executed the dome of the Duomo ) was involved in its design which has remained rigorously simple and unadorned. In 1560, the choir screen was removed as part of changes arising from the Counter-Reformation and the interior rebuilt by Giorgio Vasari. As a result, there was damage to the church 's decoration and most of the altars previously located on the screen were lost. The bell tower was built in 1842, replacing an earlier one damaged by lightning. The neo-Gothic marble façade dates from 1857 - 1863. The Jewish architect Niccolo Matas from Ancona, designed the church 's façade, working a prominent Star of David into the composition. Matas had wanted to be buried with his peers but because he was Jewish, he was buried under the threshold and honored with an inscription. In 1866, the complex became public property, as a part of government suppression of most religious houses, following the wars that gained Italian independence and unity. The Museo dell'Opera di Santa Croce is housed mainly in the refectory, also off the cloister. A monument to Florence Nightingale stands in the cloister, in the city in which she was born and after which she was named. Brunelleschi also built the inner cloister, completed in 1453. In 1966, the Arno River flooded much of Florence, including Santa Croce. The water entered the church bringing mud, pollution and heating oil. The damage to buildings and art treasures was severe, taking several decades to repair. Today the former dormitory of the Franciscan friars houses the Scuola del Cuoio ( Leather School ). Visitors can watch as artisans craft purses, wallets, and other leather goods which are sold in the adjacent shop. Renovations The basilica has been undergoing a multi-year restoration program with assistance from Italy 's civil protection agency. On 20 October 2017, the property was closed to visitors due to falling masonry which caused the death of a tourist from Spain. The basilica will be closed indefinitely during a survey of the stability of the church. The Italian Ministry of Culture said that `` there will be an investigation by magistrates to understand how this dramatic fact happened and whether there are responsibilities over maintenance. '' Art The altar and crucifix A gate in the gardens with the letters `` OPA '' for ora pro animis ( `` pray for souls '' ) Artists whose work is present in the church include : Benedetto da Maiano ( pulpit ; doors to Cappella dei Pazzi, with his brother Giuliano ) Antonio Canova ( Alfieri 's monument ) Cimabue ( Crucifixion, badly damaged by the 1966 flood and now in the refectory ) Andrea della Robbia ( altarpiece in Cappella Medici ) Luca della Robbia ( decoration of Cappella dei Pazzi ) Desiderio da Settignano ( Marsuppini 's tomb ; frieze in Cappella dei Pazzi ) Donatello ( relief of the Annunciation on the south wall ; crucifix in the lefthand Cappella Bardi ; St Louis of Toulouse in the refectory, originally made for the Orsanmichele ) Agnolo Gaddi ( frescoes in Castellani Chapel and chancel ; stained glass in chancel ) Taddeo Gaddi ( frescoes in the Baroncelli Chapel ; Crucifixion in the sacristy ; Last Supper in the refectory, considered his best work ) Giotto ( frescoes in Cappella Peruzzi and righthand Cappella Bardi ; possibly Coronation of the Virgin, altarpiece in the Baroncelli Chapel, also attributed to Taddeo Gaddi ) Giovanni da Milano ( frescoes in Cappella Rinuccini ) with Scenes of the Life of the Virgin and the Magdalen Maso di Banco ( frescoes in Cappella Bardi di Vernio ) depicting Scenes from the life of St. Sylvester ( 1335 -- 1338 ). Henry Moore ( statue of a warrior in the Primo Chiostro ) Andrea Orcagna ( frescoes largely disappeared during Vasari 's remodelling, but some fragments remain in the refectory ) Antonio Rossellino ( relief of the Madonna del Latte ( 1478 ) in the south aisle ) Bernardo Rossellino ( Bruni 's tomb ) Santi di Tito ( Supper at Emmaus and Resurrection, altarpieces in the north aisle ) Giorgio Vasari ( Michelangelo 's tomb ) with sculpture by Valerio Cioli, Iovanni Bandini, and Battista Lorenzi. Way to Calvary painted by Vasari. Domenico Veneziano ( SS John and Francis in the refectory ) Once present in the church 's Medici Chapel, but now split between the Florentine Galleries and the Bagatti Valsecchi Museum in Milan, is a polyptych by Lorenzo di Niccolò. Funerary monuments Michelangelo 's tomb Galileo 's tomb The Basilica became popular with Florentines as a place of worship and patronage and it became customary for greatly honoured Florentines to be buried or commemorated there. Some were in chapels `` owned '' by wealthy families such as the Bardi and Peruzzi. As time progressed, space was also granted to notable Italians from elsewhere. For 500 years monuments were erected in the church including those to : Leon Battista Alberti ( 15th - century architect and artistic theorist ) Vittorio Alfieri ( 18th - century poet and dramatist ) Eugenio Barsanti ( co-inventor of the internal combustion engine ) Lorenzo Bartolini ( 19th - century sculptor ) Julie Clary, wife of Joseph Bonaparte, and their daughter Charlotte Napoléone Bonaparte Leonardo Da Vinci ( commemorative plaque, buried in Château d'Amboise in France ) Leonardo Bruni ( 15th - century chancellor of the Republic, scholar and historian ) Dante ( buried in Ravenna ) Ugo Foscolo ( 19th - century poet ) Galileo Galilei Giovanni Gentile ( 20th - century philosopher ) Lorenzo Ghiberti ( artist and bronze - smith ) Niccolò Machiavelli by Innocenzo Spinazzi Carlo Marsuppini ( 15th - century chancellor of the Republic of Florence ) Michelangelo Buonarroti Raffaello Morghen ( 19th - century engraver ) Gioachino Rossini by Giuseppe Cassioli Louise of Stolberg - Gedern ( wife of Charles Edward Stuart, ' Bonnie Prince Charlie ' ) Guglielmo Marconi ( buried in his birthplace at Sasso Marconi, near Bologna ) Enrico Fermi ( nuclear physicist, buried in Chicago, Illinois ) In literature A Room with a View ( 1908 ), E.M. Forster, chapter 2 Romola ( 1863 ), George Eliot References Jump up ^ Chiarini, Gloria ( 2007 ). `` Basilica of Santa Croce ''. Florence Art Guide. Archived from the original on 29 July 2007. Retrieved 2007 - 07 - 30. Jump up ^ Besse, JM ( 1911 ). `` Suppression of Monasteries in Continental Europe : C. Italy ''. Catholic Encyclopedia. New Advent. Archived from the original on 5 September 2007. Retrieved 2007 - 07 - 30. Jump up ^ `` Santa Croce : Overview ''. Opera of Santa Croce. Archived from the original on 28 August 2007. Retrieved 2007 - 07 - 30. Jump up ^ http://www.leatherschool.com Jump up ^ http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2017/10/20/tourist-killed-falling-masonry-famous-florence-church/ Jump up ^ https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/oct/19/tourist-killed-by-falling-masonry-in-famous-florence-church Jump up ^ http://www.corriere.it/english/17_ottobre_20/collapse-at-santa-croce-florence-despite-safety-measures-da2595f0-b594-11e7-8b79-fd2501a89a96.shtml?refresh_ce-cp Jump up ^ https://www.upi.com/Top_News/World-News/2017/10/19/Tourist-killed-by-falling-stone-at-famous-Italian-church/3661508458131/ Jump up ^ Borsook, Eve ( 1991 ). Vincent Cronin, ed. The Companion Guide to Florence, 5th Edition. HarperCollins ; New York. pp. 100 -- 104. External links Works related to Catholic Encyclopedia ( 1913 ) / Suppression of Monasteries in Continental Europe at Wikisource Wikimedia Commons has media related to Santa Croce ( Florence ). Official website ( in Italian ) Museums of Florence Church and Museum of Santa Croce BBC video about Giotto frescoes in the Basilica of Santa Croce, Florence Tourism in Florence Religious sites Basilicas Cathedral of Santa Maria del Fiore S Lorenzo Medici Chapel S Croce Baroncelli and Pazzi Chapels S Maria Novella Tornabuoni Chapel SS Annunziata S Marco S Miniato al Monte S Maria del Carmine Brancacci Chapel S Trinita Bartolini Salimbeni Chapel Sassetti Chapel S Spirito Churches Badia Fiorentina Battistero di San Giovanni S Mary of the Angels Certosa Orsanmichele Ognissanti Oratorio dei Vanchetoni Oratory of Gesù Pellegrino Oratory of S Thomas Aquinas San Frediano in Cestello S Gaetano S Giovannino degli Scolopi S Giovannino dei Cavalieri S Jacopo sopr'Arno S Salvatore al Vescovo S Ambrogio S Felicita Santa Maria Maddalena dei Pazzi S Maria Maggiore S Martino del Vescovo Ss Apostoli S Pancrazio S Salvi Ss Simone e Giuda S Stefano al Ponte Other Great Synagogue Museums, galleries and palaces Bargello Casa Buonarroti Casa Guidi Galleria dell'Accademia David Garden of Archimedes Loggia del Bigallo Loggia del Mercato Nuovo Loggia del Pesce Loggia Rucellai Museo dell'Opera del Duomo Museo Galileo Museo Nazionale Alinari della Fotografia Museo Nazionale di San Marco Museo di Storia Naturale di Firenze La Specola National Archaeological Museum Orsanmichele Ospedale degli Innocenti Palazzo dell'Arte dei Beccai Palazzo Davanzati Palazzo Gondi Palazzo Medici Riccardi Magi Chapel Palazzo Pitti Museo delle Porcellane Palazzo Vecchio Studiolo of Francesco I Palazzo Spini Feroni Stibbert Museum Uffizi Loggia dei Lanzi Vasari Corridor Towers ( Torri ) degli Amidei degli Alberti dei Della Bella dei Gianfigliazzi dei Mannelli dei Pulci Giotto 's Campanile Library Biblioteca Riccardiana at Palazzo Medici Riccardi British Institute of Florence Gabinetto Vieusseux ( Palazzo Strozzi ) Kunsthistorisches Institut Laurentian Library National Central Library Landmarks Fountain of Neptune Giotto 's Campanile Ponte Vecchio Monument to Dante Theatres Teatro Comunale Florence Teatro della Pergola Teatro Verdi Squares Squares of Florence Piazza del Duomo Piazza della Repubblica Piazza della Signoria Piazza Santa Croce Piazzale Michelangelo Streets Via Cavour Via de ' Tornabuoni Fort Belvedere Fortezza da Basso Gardens and parks Boboli Gardens Giardino Bardini Giardino dell'Iris Giardino delle rose Orto Botanico di Firenze Parco delle Cascine Villas Medici villas di Castello La Petraia di Careggi Medicea L'Ambrogiana del Poggio Imperiale Gamberaia I Tatti Il Gioiello La Pietra Rusciano Events and traditions Calcio Fiorentino Maggio Musicale Fiorentino Scoppio del carro Districts of Florence Trams in Florence Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Santa_Croce,_Florence&oldid=809501259 '' Categories : Basilica churches in Florence 14th - century Roman Catholic church buildings Roman Catholic churches completed in 1442 Franciscan churches Gothic architecture in Florence Gothic Revival architecture in Italy Gothic Revival churches Burial sites of the House of Bonaparte Hidden categories : Coordinates on Wikidata Articles with Italian - language external links Talk Contents About Wikipedia বাংলা Беларуская Български Bosanski Català Čeština Deutsch Eesti Español Esperanto Euskara فارسی Français Galego Հայերեն Italiano עברית ქართული Lietuvių Magyar Nederlands 日本 語 Norsk Piemontèis Polski Português Русский Simple English Suomi Svenska ไทย Türkçe Українська Vèneto West - Vlams 中文 Edit links This page was last edited on 9 November 2017, at 14 : 51. 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Question: who is buried at santa croce in florence
Answer: Michelangelo