Nawabs of Bengal and Murshidabad - Wikipedia Nawabs of Bengal and Murshidabad Nawab Nazim of Bengal and Orissa ( 1717 -- 1880 ) and Nawab Bahadur of Murshidabad ( 1882 -- 1971 ) Nawabs of Bengal and Murshidabad 1717 -- 1765 Coat of arms Motto Nil Desperandum `` There is no cause for despair, never despair '' Capital Murshidabad Languages English Persian Bengali Hindi Urdu Arabic Government Nobility Historical era Mughal Empire Company rule in India Emergence of the Mughal Empire 1526 Established 1717 Battle of Plassey 23 June 1757 Battle of Buxar 22 October 1764 Abolition of the title of Nawab of Bengal 1880 Abdication of Mansoor Ali Khan, the last Nawab of Bengal 1 November 1880 Emergence of the Nawab of Murshidabad 17 February 1882 Article 18 of the Indian Constitution abolishes titles, except those given by the Government of India to those who have made their mark in military and academic fields 26 January 1950 Disestablished 1765 Population 1901 est. 75 million Preceded by Succeeded by Bengal Sultanate Delhi Sultanate Mughal Empire Company rule in India Bengal Presidency British Raj Today part of India Bangladesh a. Title abolished in 1880 b. After Indian independence in 1947, followed by the promulgation of the Indian Constitution on 26 January 1950, which marked the transformation of the Dominion of India into the Republic of India, the Article 18 of the Indian Constitution abolished all titles, except those given by the Government of India to those who have made their mark in military and academic fields. However, under the policy of Privy Purse nobles were allowed to enjoy certain privileges and keep their titles. However, this policy was abolished in 1971 by the twenty - sixth Amendment of the Constitution of India. Thus the title of the `` Nawab Bahadur of Murshidabad '' was officially, constitutionally and legally abolished in 1971. c. Murshidabad was the capital for both the Nawabs of Bengal and the Nawabs of Murshidabad. Part of a series on the History of Bangladesh Etymology Timeline Traditional Urheimat Ancient Neolithic, c. 7600 -- c. 3300 BCE Bronze Age, c. 3300 -- c. 1200 BCE Iron Age, c. 1200 -- c. 200 BCE Janapada, c. 1200 -- c. 600 BCE Northern Black Polished Ware, c. 700 -- c. 200 BCE Pundra Kingdom, c. 700 -- c. 200 BCE Bengal in Mahabharata, c. 400 -- c. 325 BCE Gangaridai Kingdom, c. 350 -- c. 325 BCE Mauryan Empire, c. 325 -- c. 185 BCE Samatata Kingdom, c. 232 BCE -- c. 800 AD Shunga - Kushan Period, c. 185 BCE -- c. 75 AD Southwestern Silk Road, c. 114 BCE -- c. 1450 AD Indo - Roman trade relations, c. 30 BCE -- c. 600 AD Classical Gupta Empire, c. 240 -- c. 550 AD Sylhet - Assam Varmans, c. 350 -- c. 650 Gauda Kingdom, c. 590 -- c. 626 Khadga dynasty, c. 650 -- c. 750 Pala Empire, c. 750 -- c. 1100 Arrival of Islam, c. 800 -- c. 1050 Harikela Kingdom, c. 900 -- c. 1050 Candra dynasty, c. 900 -- c. 1050 Sena dynasty, c. 1070 -- c. 1320 Deva dynasty, c. 1100 -- c. 1250 Medieval Delhi Sultanate, c. 1204 -- c. 1338 Mamluk Dynasty Khalji Dynasty Tugluq Dynasty Sonargaon Sultanate, c. 1338 -- c. 1352 Bengal Sultanate, c. 1352 -- c. 1576 Ilyas Shahi dynasty Hussain Shahi dynasty Karrani dynasty Suri Dynasty, c. 1540 -- c. 1556 Twelve Bhuyans, c. 1550 -- c. 1620 Porto Grande de Bengala, c. 1528 -- c. 1666 Chittagong - Arakan Kingdom, c. 1530 -- c. 1666 Mughal Empire, c. 1576 -- c. 1717 Bengal Subah Modern Nawabs of Bengal, c. 1717 -- c. 1757 Company Raj, c. 1757 -- c. 1858 Faraizi Movement, c. 1818 -- c. 1884 The Great Rebellion, c. 1857 -- c. 1858 British Raj, c. 1858 -- c. 1947 Bengal Renaissance Eastern Bengal and Assam Prime Minister of Bengal East Bengal, c. 1947 -- c. 1955 Bengali Language Movement East Pakistan, c. 1955 -- c. 1971 Six Point Movement 1969 uprising in East Pakistan Pakistani general election, 1970 Bangladesh Liberation War, c. 1971 Declaration of Independence Provisional Government of Bangladesh 1971 Bangladesh Genocide Bangladesh Forces Bangladeshi Republic, c. 1972 -- present Related articles Timeline of Bangladeshi history Bangladeshi art History of Bengali literature Bangladesh portal Part of a series on the History of India Ancient Madrasian Culture Soanian, c. 500,000 BCE Neolithic, c. 7600 -- c. 3300 BCE Bhirrana 7570 - 6200 BCE Jhusi 7106 BCE Lahuradewa 7000 BCE Mehrgarh 7000 - 2600 BCE Indus Valley Civilization, c. 3300 -- c. 1700 BCE Post Indus Valley Period, c. 1700 -- c. 1500 BCE Vedic Civilization, c. 1500 -- c. 500 BCE Early Vedic Period Rise of Śramaṇa movement Later Vedic Period Spread of Jainism - Parshvanatha Spread of Jainism - Mahavira Rise of Buddhism Mahajanapadas, c. 500 -- c. 345 BCE Nanda Dynasty, c. 345 -- c. 322 BCE Classical Maurya Dynasty, c. 322 -- c. 185 BCE Shunga Dynasty, c. 185 -- c. 75 BCE Kanva Dynasty, c. 75 -- c. 30 BCE Kushan Dynasty, c. 30 -- c. 230 CE Satavahana Dynasty, c. 30 BCE -- c. 220 CE Gupta Dynasty, c. 200 -- c. 550 CE Early medieval Chalukya Dynasty, c. 543 -- c. 753 CE Harsha 's Dynasty, c. 606 CE -- c. 647 CE Karakota Dynasty, c. 724 -- c. 760 CE Arab Invasion, c. 738 CE Tripartite Struggle, c. 760 -- c. 973 CE Gurjara - Pratihara Dynasty Rastrakuta Dynasty Pala Dynasty Chola Dynasty, c. 848 -- c. 1251 CE 2nd Chalukya Dynasty, c. 973 -- c. 1187 CE Late medieval Delhi Sultanate, c. 1206 -- c. 1526 CE Slave Dynasty Khalji Dynasty Tugluq Dynasty Sayyid Dynasty Lodhi Dynasty Pandyan Dynasty, c. 1251 -- c. 1323 CE Vijayanagara, c. 1336 -- c. 1646 CE Bengal Sultanate, c. 1342 -- c. 1576 CE Early modern Mughal Dynasty, c. 1526 -- c. 1540 CE Suri Dynasty, c. 1540 -- c. 1556 CE Mughal Dynasty, c. 1556 -- c. 1857 CE Bengal Subah, c. 1576 -- c. 1757 CE Maratha Empire, c. 1674 -- c. 1818 CE Company Raj, c. 1757 -- c. 1858 CE Kingdom of Mysore, c. 1760 -- c. 1799 CE Sikh Empire, c. 1799 -- c. 1849 CE Modern The Great Rebellion, c. 1857 -- c. 1858 CE British Raj, c. 1858 -- c. 1947 CE Independence Movement Independent India, c. 1947 CE -- present Related articles Timeline of Indian History Dynasties in Indian History Economic History Demographic History Linguistic History Architectural History Art History Literary History Philosophical History History of Religion Musical History Education History Coinage History Science and Technology History List of Inventions and Discoveries Military History Naval History Wars involving India The Nawabs of Bengal ( full title, the Nawab Nizam of Bengal and Orissa ) were the rulers of the then provinces of Bengal and Orissa. Between 1717 and 1765, they served as the rulers of the subah ( or province ) of Bengal. However, they were only nominally subordinate to the Mughal Empire. Siraj ud - Daulah, the last independent Nawab of Bengal was betrayed in the Battle of Plassey by Mir Jafar. He lost to the British, who took over the charge of Bengal in 1757, installed Mir Jafar on the Masnad ( throne ) and established itself to a political power in Bengal. In 1765 the system of Dual Government was established, in which the Nawabs ruled on behalf of the British and were mere puppets to the British. In 1772 the system was abolished and Bengal was brought under direct control of the British. In 1793, when the Nizamat ( governorship ) of the Nawab was also taken away from them, they remained as the mere pensioners of the British East India Company. The last Nawab of Bengal, Mansur Ali Khan abdicated on 1 November 1880 in favour of his eldest son, Hassan Ali Mirza. Nawabs of Murshidabad succeeded the Nawabs of Bengal as Nawab Bahadur of Murshidabad, following Mansur Ali Khan 's abdication They got the title changed as the title of the Nawab of Bengal was abolished in 1880. They had little or no say in the share of the revenue collected and were ceased to use any force. After Indian Independence in 1947 it was declared that the princely states must accede to either India or Pakistan ( East / West Pakistan ). Murshidabad ( the capital city ) became a part of East Pakistan ( now Bangladesh ) for two days, as it had a Muslim majority. It became a part of India on 17 August 1947, following which the Pakistani flag was brought down from the Hazarduari Palace and the Indian tricolour was hoisted atop it. After merging with India, they had no power as the Government of India took over all the princely states in India. The house of the Nawabs appeared to have come to end in 1969 with Waris Ali Mirza being the last reigning Nawab and with no clear succession. Although he left three sons and three daughters there was no clear successor to the title after his death because he disinherited one and the others disputed his will. Eventually, in August 2014, the Supreme Court of India declared Syed Mohammed Abbas Ali Mirza ( born 1942 ) to be the heir to the erstwhile Nawab Bahadur of Murshidabad and lawful heir to the Nawab 's property and office which had been in abeyance since the death of Abbas Ali Mirza 's maternal uncle Waris Ali Mirza ( the third Nawab Bahadur of Murshidabad ) in 1969. However, it is to be noted that after Indian independence in 1947, followed by the promulgation of the Indian Constitution on 26 January 1950, which marked the transformation of the Dominion of India into the Republic of India, the Article 18 of the Indian Constitution abolished all titles, except those given by the Government of India to those who have made their mark in military and academic fields. However, under the policy of Privy Purse nobles were allowed to enjoy certain privileges and keep their titles. But this policy was abolished in 1971 by the twenty - sixth Amendment of the Constitution of India. Thus the title of the `` Nawab Bahadur of Murshidabad '' was officially, constitutionally and legally abolished in 1971. Contents 1 Bengal 2 History before the Nawab 's rule 2.1 Sultans of Bengal 2.2 Mughal Empire 2.3 Emergence of the Nawab Nizam of Bengal 3 History during the Nawab 's rule 3.1 Dynasties 3.2 Under the Mughals 3.3 Maratha expeditions 3.4 Nawabs of Bengal under British rule and their decline 3.5 Emergence of the Nawab of Murshidabad and the Nawabs post Indian independence 4 List of the Nawabs of Bengal 5 List of the Nawabs of Murshidabad 6 Notes 7 External links Bengal Main articles : Bengal, Bengal Presidency, and Bengal Subah The term `` Bengal '' incorporates to delineate the ethno - linguistic region of Bengal which including but not limited is all districts within the People 's Republic of Bangladesh, as well as West Bengal, India. During the first partition of Bengal in the early 20th century a new province, Eastern Bengal was created as a Lieutenant - Governorship along with Assam. In 1911, East Bengal ( now Bangladesh ) was reunited with Bengal, and the new provinces in the east became : Assam, Bengal Province. The Nawab thus gained rule over Orissa, which were earlier part of Bengal. So sometimes That is why the Nawabs of Bengal were also mentioned as `` Nawab of Bengal '' - where Nazim ( or, Subahdar ) means the provincial governor - as they ruled over three subahs while the Nawabs of Murshidabad were the local ruler of the city of Murshidabad. The majority of modern Bengal is inhabited by Bengali people who speak the Bengali language. Modern Bengal include the present day country of Bangladesh and the present day Indian states of West Bengal and Tripura 1893 map of Bengal 1831 map of Hindustan showing the then Bengal in green in the north east History before the Nawab 's rule Sultans of Bengal The early Sultans of Bengal ruled until 1282 which was followed by the rule of several successive dynasties. Ilyas Shah founder of the Ilyas Shahi dynasty, took complete charge of the then Bengal and the capital was shifted to Sonargaon ( near present day, Dhaka in Bangladesh ). He was one of the independent rulers of Bengal. His son, Sikandar Shah, who succeeded him, built the Adina Mosque at Pandua, near Gour, Adina Mosque in the medieval times, was considered to be the largest in undivided Bengal, as well as the entire Indian subcontinent. Mughal Empire Emperor Akbar celebrates the Mughal conquest of Bengal The Mughal Empire emerged as a powerful Empire in northern India. Babur, who was related to two legendary warriors -- Timur and Genghis Khan, invaded north India and defeated Ibrahim Lodi of the Lodi dynasty. Babur thus became the first Mughal emperor. He was succeeded by his son, Humayun. At the same time, Sher Shah Suri ( alias Farid Khan ) of the Suri dynasty rose to prominence and established himself as the ruler of the present day Bihar by defeating Ghiyasuddin Shah. But he lost to capture the kingdom because of sudden expedition of Humayun. In 1539, Sher Khan faced Humayun in the Battle of Chausa. He forced Humayun out of India. Assuming the title Sher Shah, he ascended the throne of Delhi. He also captured Agra and established control from Bengal in the east, to the Indus River in the west. After his death he was succeeded by his son, Islam Shah Suri. But in 1544 the Suris were torn apart by internal conflicts. Humayun took this advantage and captured Lahore and Delhi, but he died in 1556 AD. He was succeeded by Akbar, who defeated Daud Khan Karrani of Bengal 's Karrani Dynasty ( or, Karnani Dynasty ). After this, the administration of the entire region of Bengal passed into the hands of governors appointed by the Mughal emperors, who ruled Bengal till 1716 AD. There were several posts under the Mughal administrative system during Akbar 's reign. Diwani was a system of provincial revenue administration under the Mughals. Nizamat ( civil administration ) and Diwani ( revenue administration ) were the two main branches of the provincial administration under the Mughals. A Subahdar ( provincial viceroy or governor ), also called a Nizam was in - charge of the Nizamat. There was a chain of subordinate officials under the Nizams on the executive side and under Diwans on the revenue and judicial side. Emergence of the Nawab Nizam of Bengal Early nineteenth century view of Murshidabad, with the Katra Mosque in the backdrops. Murshid Quli Khan arrived as the Diwan of Bengal in 1717 AD. Before his arrival, there were four Diwans. And, after his arrival, Azim - ush - Shan held the Nizam 's office. Azim got into conflict with Murshid Quli Khan over imperial financial control. Considering the complaint of Khan, the then Mughal emperor, Aurangzeb ordered Azim to move to Bihar. Upon his departure the two posts united in one and Murshid Quli Khan became the first Nizam cum Diwan of Bengal. Murshid Khan was appointed the `` Nawab Nizam of Bengal '' and he emerged as the ruler of Bengal under the Mughals. Murshidabad remained the capital of the Nawabs of Bengal until their rule. The Nawab Siraj ud - Daulah, was betrayed in the Battle of Plassey by Mir Jaffer. He lost to the British East India Company, who took installed Mir Jaffer on the Masnad ( throne ), as a `` puppet ruler '' and established itself to a political power in Bengal. In 1765, Robert Clive, of the British East India Company, became the first British Governor of Bengal. He secured in perpetuity for the Company the Diwani ( revenue and civil justice ) of the then Bengal subah from the then Mughal Emperor, Shah Alam II and thus the system of Dual Government was established and the Bengal Presidency was formed. In 1772 the Dual Government system was abolished and Bengal was brought under direct control of the British. In 1793, when the Nizamat ( military power and criminal justice ) of the Nawab was also taken away from them, they remained as the mere pensioners of the British East India Company. After the Revolt of 1857, Company rule in India ended and the British Crown took over the territories which were under the direct rule of the British East India Company in 1858, which marked the beginning of the British Raj. These territories, including the territory of the Nawab Nazims came under the direct rule of the British Crown and British Raj was established in India. Thus, the Nawab Nizams remained just the titular heads of their territory, which was now ruled by the British Crown, and they had no political or any other kind of control over the territory. The last Nawab of Bengal, Mansoor Ali Khan abdicated on 1 November 1880 in favour of his eldest son. History during the Nawab 's rule Part of a series on the History of Bengal Ancient Geopolitical units Pundravardhana Vanga Gangaridai Samatata Anga Suhma Harikela Kamarupa Ancient and Classical dynasties Nanda dynasty Maurya dynasty Shunga dynasty Gupta dynasty Varman dynasty Gauda dynasty Mallabhum dynasty Khadga dynasty Pala dynasty Chandra dynasty Chola dynasty Sena dynasty Deva dynasty Medieval and Early Modern periods Delhi Sultanate City states Sonargaon Lakhnauti Satgaon Bengal Sultanate Ilyas Shahi dynasty Hussain Shahi dynasty Karrani dynasty Sur Empire Twelve Bhuyan Confederacy Kingdom of Mrauk U Jaintia Kingdom Koch dynasty Kingdom of Tripura Kingdom of Bhurshut Mughal Empire Bengal Subah Burdwan Raj Rajshahi Raj Nadia Raj Bettiah Raj Nawabs of Bengal Zamindars Maratha expeditions in Bengal European colonisation Portuguese Chittagong Dutch Bengal French Bengal Danish Bengal Austrian Bengal British India Company rule Bengal Presidency Bengal famine of 1770 Partition of Bengal ( 1905 ) Bengal famine of 1943 Direct Action Day Indian Mutiny of 1857 British Raj Bengal Renaissance Eastern Bengal and Assam Anti-colonial struggle Partition of Bengal ( 1947 ) East Bengal East Bengali refugees East Pakistan 1964 East Pakistan riots Language Movement Indo - Pakistani War of 1965 Liberation War 1971 Genocide Indo - Pakistani War of 1971 Bangladesh People 's Republic Military coups Bangladesh famine of 1974 Indian Bengal West Bengal Tripura merger Left Front Naxalism Barak Valley Language Movement Gorkhaland Calendar Bengali calendar Malla calendar Related Bengali literary history Architecture of Bengal Bangamata Dynasties Tomb of Siraj - ud - Daulah at Khushbagh From 1717 until 1880, three successive Islamic dynasties -- Nasiri, Afshar and Najafi -- ruled what was then known as Bengal. The first dynasty, the Nasiri, ruled from 1717 until 1740. The founder of the Nasiri, Murshid Quli Khan, was born a poor Deccani Odia Brahmin before being sold into slavery and bought by one Haji Shafi Isfahani, a Persian merchant from Isfahan who converted him to Islam. He entered the service of Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb and rose through the ranks before becoming the Nawab Nizam of Bengal in 1717, a post he held until his death in 1727. He in turn was succeeded by his son - in - law, Shuja - ud - Din Muhammad Khan. After Shuja - ud - Din 's death in 1739 he was succeeded by his son, Sarfaraz Khan, who held the rank, until he was killed in the Battle of Giria in 1741, and was succeeded by Alivardi Khan, former ruler of Patna, of the Afshar Dynasty in 1740. The second dynasty, the Afshar, ruled from 1740 to 1757. Siraj ud - Daulah ( Alivardi Khan 's grandson ), the last Afshar Nawab was killed in the Battle of Plassey in 1757. They were succeeded by the third and final dynasty to rule the whole Bengal, the Najafi. Under the Mughals Bengal Subah was one of the wealthiest parts of the Mughal empire. As the Mughal empire began to decline, the Nawabs grew in power, although nominally subordinate to the Mughal emperor. They wielded great power in their own right and finally became independent rulers of the Bengal region, for all practical purposes, by the early 1700s. Maratha expeditions Raghuji Bhonsle of Nagpur Kingdom of the Maratha Empire led the Maratha expeditions in Bengal. Marathas undertook six expeditions in Bengal from 1741 -- 1748. Maratha general, Raghunath Rao was able to annex Orissa to his kingdom and the larger confederacy permanently as he successfully exploited the chaotic conditions prevailing in Bengal, Bihar and Orissa after the death of Murshid Quli Khan in 1727. Constantly harassed by the Bhonsles, Orissa, Bengal and parts of Bihar were economically ruined. Alivardi Khan made peace with Raghunathrao in 1751 ceding in perpetuity Orissa up to the river Suvarnarekha, and agreeing to pay ₹ 12 lacs annually in lieu of the Chauth of Bengal and Bihar. The treaty included ₹ 20 lacs as Chauth for Bengal ( includes both West Bengal and Bangladesh ) and ₹ 12 lacs for Bihar ( including Jharkhand ). After this, Maratha promised never to cross the boundary of the Nawab of Bengal 's territory. Thus, Baji Rao is hailed as the greatest Maratha chief after Shivaji because of his success in subjecting Muslim rulers of east India in states such as Bengal, Bihar and Orissa to the Maratha rule. Nawabs of Bengal under British rule and their Decline Mir Jaffer meeting with Sir Robert Clive after the Battle of Plassey The break - up of the centralised Mughal empire by 1750, led to the creation of numerous semi-independent kingdoms ( all provinces of the former Mughal empire ). Nawab Siraj ud - Daulah was defeated by the British forces of Sir Robert Clive in the Battle of Plassey in 1757. Thereafter the Nawab of Bengal became a `` puppet ruler '' depending on military support from British East India company to secure their throne. Siraj - ud - Daulah was replaced by Mir Jaffer. He was personally led to the throne by Robert Clive, after triumph of the British in the battle. He briefly tried to re-assert his power by allying with the Dutch, but this plan was ended by the Battle of Chinsurah. After the defeat at Battle of Buxar and grant of the Diwani ( revenue collection ) of Bengal by the then Mughal Emperor Shah Alam II, to the British East India Company in August 1765 and the appointment of Warren Hastings by the East India Company as their first Governor General of Bengal in 1773, the Nawabs authority became restricted. By 1773, British East India company asserted much authority and formed the Bengal Presidency over areas ruled by the Nawabs i.e. the Bengal subah, along with some other regions and abolished the system of Dual Government. In 1793 ( during Nawab Mubarak ud - Daulah 's reign ), the Nizamat ( military power, civil and criminal justice ) was abolished, British East India company thus annexed this former Mughal province as part of their empire and took complete control of the region, and the Nawabs of Bengal became mere pensioners of the British East India Company. All the Diwan offices except the Diwan Ton were also abolished. After the Revolt of 1857, Company rule in India ended, and all the territories which were under the rule of the British East India Company came under the British Crown in 1858, which marked the beginning of the British Raj. And administrative control of India came under the Indian Civil Service, which had administrative control over all areas in India, except the Princely States. Mansoor Ali Khan ( aka Feradun Jah ) was the last Nawab of Bengal. During his reign the Nizamat at Murshidabad became involved in debts. The then Government of India involved it into an action of preventing further claims. Feradun Jah left Murshidabad in February 1869 and started living in England. The title of `` Nawab of Bengal '' was abolished in 1880. He returned to Bombay in October 1880 but spent most of his time pleading his case against the orders of the Government of India. After it was not resolved the Nawab renounced his styles and titles of Nawab Nizam of Bengal, Bihar and Orissa and abdicated in favour of his eldest son at St. Ives, Maidenhead, on 1 November 1880. Emergence of the Nawab of Murshidabad and the Nawabs post Indian independence The Nawabs of Murshidabad succeeded the Nawab Nizams of Bengal, Bihar and Orissa as Nawab Bahadur of Murshidabad, following Mansoor Ali Khan 's abdication Nawabs of Murshidabad were the successors of the Nawabs of Bengal. After Lord Clive secured the Diwani of Bengal from Mughal Emperor Shah Alam II in 1765 for the East India Company they did not have any effective authority. So they lavishly enjoyed their title, privileges alongside with the honours they received. They got the title changed as the title of the Nawab of Bengal was abolished in 1880. They had little or no say and ceased to control any significant force. After Indian Independence in 1947, all the non-princely states were subject to a test of religious majority in which the Muslim majority areas formed the Dominion of Pakistan, while the other regions formed the Dominion of India. Murshidabad ( the capital city for both, the Nawabs of Bengal and the Nawabs of Murshidabad ) became a part of East Pakistan ( now Bangladesh ) for two days, as it had a Muslim majority. However, it became a part of India on 17 August 1947. The Pakistani flag was brought down from the Hazarduari Palace and the Indian tricolour was hoisted atop the palace. The Nawabs, after the takeover by the British had no actual power and after merging with India too, they had yielded power, as the Government of India took over control of all the areas that merged with India. Furthermore, with the promulgation of the Indian Constitution on 26 January 1950, the Dominion of India was transformed into the Republic of India, and the Article 18 of the Indian Constitution ( which is a part of the Right to Equality, a fundamental right in India ), titles were abolished. The Article prevents the state from confirming any title except those titles given by the Government to those who have made their mark in military and academic fields. Such titles and awards include the Bharat Ratna, the Padma Shri and the Padma Vibhushan ( the Supreme Court of India, on 15 December 1995, upheld the validity of such awards ). Thus, with the promulgation of the Constitution, the title of the Nawab Bahadur of Murshidabad was abolished. And although, the Nawab Waris Ali Meerza held titles such as Raes ud - Daulah, they were not officially or legally recognised. Although, the Nawab Bahadur of Murshidabad had no political power the office continued to be held by the second Nawab Bahadur Syed Wasif Ali Meerza Khan Bahadur, who had held the office since 1906, and after his death in 1959, he was succeeded by his son, Syed Wasif Ali Meerza Khan Bahadur. Waris Ali Meerza died in 1969, survived by his three sons and three daughters. According to the Nawab 's law, the eldest son of the Nawab succeeded him, however, Waris Ali 's eldest son, Wakif Ali Meerza Bahadur, was excluded from the succession by his father for contracting a non-Muslim marriage and for not professing the Muslim religion. Waris Ali Meerza, the third Nawab Bahadur of Murshidabad, died in 1969, and he took no steps during his lifetime to establish his succession. And before declaring his successor Waris Ali died. There was no clear successor to Waris Ali. Since then there was no clear successor to Waris Ali and the titular office / post was in dispute, and a legal battle ensued. And following this as the title was in dispute, a legal battle ensued. Abbas Ali Meerza claimed to be the legal heir of Waris Ali on the basis of being the son of the daughter of Waris Alis ' father, the second Nawab Bahadur of Murshidabad, Wasif Ali Meerza ; while Sajid Ali Meerza claimed the same on the basis of being the son by mut'ah marriage of Wasif Ali. The case reached the Supreme Court and finally, the Supreme Court judges, Justice Ranjan Gogoi and Justice RK Agrawal, gave their judgement on 13 August 2014, declaring the then 72 - year - old Abbas Ali Meerza ( full name, Syed Mohammed Abbas Ali Meerza ), who happened to be the son of the only daughter of Waris Ali 's father, Wasif Ali Meerza ( the third Nawab Bahadur of Murshidabad ), the successor and the legal heir to the former Nawab of Murshidabad, Waris Ali Meerza. The Court directed Abbas Ali Meerza, son of Syed Muhammad Sadeque Ali Meerza, to be the direct descendant of Waris Ali Meerza. However, the case against the state 's annexation of the Murshidabad Estate, which is worth several thousand crores, is still on, as of 2014. However, it is to be noted that after Indian independence in 1947, followed by the promulgation of the Indian Constitution on 26 January 1950, which marked the transformation of the Dominion of India into the Republic of India, the Article 18 of the Indian Constitution abolished all titles, except those given by the Government of India to those who have made their mark in military and academic fields. However, under the policy of Privy Purse nobles were allowed to enjoy certain privileges and keep their titles. But this policy was abolished in 1971 by the twenty - sixth Amendment of the Constitution of India. Thus the title of the `` Nawab Bahadur of Murshidabad '' was officially, constitutionally and legally abolished in 1971. Thus, as titles have been abolished in India, the title of the Nawab Bahadur of Murshidabad no longer exists. However, Abbas Ali Meerza can now succeed Waris Ali Meerza 's office legally, but his title of the fourth Nawab Bahadur of Murshidabad would be unofficial, as the title is not legally and officially recognised. List of the Nawabs of Bengal The following is a list of all the Nawabs of Bengal. Sarfaraz Khan and Mir Mohammad Jaffer Ali Khan ( Mir Jaffer ) were the only Nawabs to become the Nawab twice. The chronology started in 1717 with Murshid Quli Khan and ended in 1881 with Mansoor Ali Khan 's abdication. Portrait Titular Name Personal Name Birth Reign Death Nasiri Dynasty Jaafar Khan Bahadur Nasiri Murshid Quli Khan 1665 1717 -- 1727 1727 Ala - ud - Din Haidar Jung Sarfaraz Khan After 1700 1727 - 1731 29 April 1740 Shuja ud - Daula Shuja - ud - Din Muhammad Khan Around 1670 ( date not available ) July 1731 -- 26 August 1739 26 August 1739 Ala - ud - Din Haidar Jung Sarfaraz Khan After 1700 13 March 1739 -- April 1740 29 April 1740 Afshar Dynasty Hashim ud - Daula Muhammad Alivardi Khan Bahadur Before 10 May 1671 29 April 1740 -- 9 April 1756 9 April 1756 Siraj ud - Daulah Muhammad Siraj - ud - Daulah 1733 April 1756 -- 2 June 1757 2 July 1757 Najafi Dynasty Ja'afar ' Ali Khan Bahadur Mir Mohammad Jaffer Ali Khan Bahadur 1691 June 1757 -- October 1760 17 January 1765 Itimad ud - Daulah Mir Qasim Ali Khan Bahadur ? 20 October 1760 -- 1763 8 May 1777 Ja'afar ' Ali Khan Bahadur Mir Mohammad Jaffer Ali Khan Bahadur 1691 25 July 1763 -- 17 January 1765 17 January 1765 Nazam - ud - Daulah Najimuddin Ali Khan Bahadur 1750 5 February 1765 -- 8 May 1766 8 May 1766 Saif ud - Daulah Najabut Ali Khan Bahadur 1749 22 May 1766 -- 10 March 1770 10 March 1770 Mubarak ud - Daulah Ashraf Ali Khan Bahadur 1759 21 March 1770 -- 6 September 1793 6 September 1793 Azud ud - Daulah Babar Ali Khan Bahadur ? 1793 -- 28 April 1810 28 April 1810 Ali Jah Zain - ud - Din Ali Khan Bahadur ? 5 June 1810 -- 6 August 1821 6 August 1821 Walla Jah Ahmad Ali Khan Bahadur ? 1821 -- 30 October 1824 30 October 1824 Humayun Jah Mubarak Ali Khan Bahadur 29 September 1810 1824 -- 3 October 1838 3 October 1838 Feradun Jah Syed Mansoor Ali Khan Bahadur 29 October 1830 29 October 1838 -- 1 November 1880 ( abdicated ) 5 November 1884 List of the Nawabs of Murshidabad The Nawabs of Murshidabad succeeded the Nawabs of Bengal after the abdication in 1881 and the abolition of the title of Nawab of Bengal in 1880. There have been four Nawabs of Murshidabad, as of 2014, as follows. However, it is to be noted that Waris Ali Mirza was the last official Nawab Bahadur of Murshidabad, for titles like these were abolished in 1971. Though Abbas Ali Mirza is the legal heir to Waris Ali Mirza 's office, the title no longer enjoys legal sanctity owing to the abolition of the policy of Privy Purse by the twenty - sixth amendment to the Indian Constitution : Picture Titular Name Personal Name Birth Reign Death Najafi Dynasty Ali Kadir Syed Hassan Ali Mirza Khan Bahadur 25 August 1846 17 February 1882 -- 25 December 1906 25 December 1906 Amir ul - Omrah Syed Wasif Ali Mirza Khan Bahadur 7 January 1875 December 1906 -- 23 October 1959 23 October 1959 Raes ud - Daulah Syed Waris Ali Mirza Khan Bahadur 14 November 1901 1959 -- 20 November 1969 20 November 1969 N / A N / A Disputed / In abeyance N / A 20 November 1969 -- 13 August 2014 N / A N / A Syed Mohammed Abbas Ali Mirza Khan Bahadur Circa 1942 13 August 2014 -- Present N / A Notes Jump up ^ Imperial Gazetteer of India vol. IV 1907, p. 46 Jump up ^ Chaudhury, Sushil ; Mohsin, KM ( 2012 ). `` Sirajuddaula ''. In Islam, Sirajul ; Jamal, Ahmed A. 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External links The arrival of the Nawabs of Bengal and their decline Nawab Nizams of Bengal, Bihar and Orissa and Nawab Bahadurs of Murshidabad Posts under the Nawabs Bengal Nobility Topics History of Bengal Permanent Settlement Act of 1793 and 1888 East Bengal State Acquisition and Tenancy Act of 1950 Sovereign Rulers Middle kingdoms of India ( 3rd century BC - 1279 ) Sultanate of Bengal ( 1342 - 1576 ) Mughal emperors ( 1576 - 1707 ) Nawabs of Bengal ( 1717 - 1880 ) Nawabs of Murshidabad ( 1882 - 1969 ) British Raj ( 1880 - 1857 ) Emperor of India ( 1857 - 1948 ) Nawabs of Bengal Murshid Quli Khan ( 1717 -- 1727 ) Sarfaraz Khan ( 1727 -- 1727 ) Shuja - ud - Din Muhammad Khan ( 1727 -- 1739 ) Sarfaraz Khan ( 1739 -- 1740 ) Alivardi Khan ( 1740 -- 1756 ) Siraj ud - Daulah ( 1756 -- 1757 ) Mir Jafar Ali Khan ( 1757 -- 1760 ) Mir Qasim ( 1760 -- 1763 ) Mir Jafar Ali Khan ( 1763 -- 1765 ) Najmuddin Ali Khan ( 1765 -- 1766 ) Najabat Ali Khan ( 1766 -- 1770 ) Ashraf Ali Khan ( 1770 ) Mubarak Ali Khan ( 1770 -- 1793 ) Baber Ali Khan ( 1793 -- 1810 ) Zain - ud - Din Ali Khan ( 1810 -- 1821 ) Ahmad Ali Khan ( 1821 -- 1824 ) Mubarak Ali Khan II ( 1824 -- 1838 ) Mansur Ali Khan ( 1838 -- 1880 ) Nawabs of Murshidabad Hassan Ali Mirza Khan Bahadur ( 1882 -- 1906 ) Wasif Ali Mirza Khan Bahadur ( 1906 -- 1959 ) Waris Ali Mirza Khan Bahadur ( 1959 -- 1969 ) Zamindars of Bengal Bhawal Estate Burdwan Raj Chakma Raj Nawabs of Dhaka Dighapatia Raj Dinajpur Raj Gayen Estate of Dhanyakuria Gouripur Raj Homnabad - Pashchimgaon Estate Kandi Raj Kirtipasha Raj Lalgola Raj Muktagacha Raj Nadia Raj Padamdi Nawab Estate Panchkot Raj Prithimpassa Raj Puthia Raj Natore Raj Rajshahi Raj Ramgopalpur Raj Ratanpur Nawab Estate Singranatore family Susanga Raj Teota Estate ( See : Parbati Sankar Roy Choudhury and Raja Shyama Sankar Roy Choudhury ) Uttarpara Raj Establishments and Heirlooms Hazarduari Palace Uttara Gano Bhaban Ahsan Manzil Israt Manzil Palace Tajhat Palace Natore Palace Bhawal Estate University of Dacca Varendra Research Society Varendra Research Museum Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology Gole Afroz College Rahmat Iqbal College Rose Garden Palace Ghughudanga Palace Moyez Manzil Palace Puthia Temple Complex Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nawabs_of_Bengal_and_Murshidabad&oldid=843568548 '' Categories : Former countries in Asia States and territories established in 1717 States and territories disestablished in the 1765 Nawabs of Bengal History of Bengal History of West Bengal Rulers of Bengal Murshidabad district 1717 establishments in Asia Hidden categories : Use Indian English from July 2016 All Wikipedia articles written in Indian English Use dmy dates from June 2012 Former country articles requiring maintenance All articles with self - published sources Articles with self - published sources from November 2016 Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2014 All articles containing potentially dated statements Good articles Talk Contents About Wikipedia Languages বাংলা Català Esperanto हिन्दी Lietuvių Nederlands 日本 語 پنجابی Português Русский Українська اردو 5 more Edit links This page was last edited on 30 May 2018, at 00 : 34. 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Question: who introduced the dual system of administration in bengal
Answer: Robert Clive