Wildlife of the Philippines - wikipedia Wildlife of the Philippines A Philippine eagle at Philippine Eagle Center at Davao City. Republic of the Philippines History Timeline Prehistory Classical states Spanish colonization American period Independence Cold War era Contemporary history Politics Elections Parties Dynasties President Vice President Senate House of Representatives Government Constitution Crime Corruption Administrative divisions Cabinet Supreme Court Local Government Geography Environment Wildlife Geology Philippine Sea Sulu Sea Mayon Volcano Taal Volcano Economy Agriculture Outsourcing Tourism Science and technology Energy Transportation Telecommunications Companies Currency Military Army Navy Air Force Coast Guard Department of National Defense Police History Ranks Foreign relations United Nations United States ASEAN APEC Diplomatic Missions Demographics People Ethnic Groups Languages Religion Education Health Culture Art Architecture Literature Music Cuisine Festivals Media Symbols Sports Outline Index Book Category Portal WikiProject The Wildlife of the Philippines includes a significant number of endemic plant and animal species. The country 's surrounding waters reportedly have the highest level of marine biodiversity in the world. The Philippines is considered as one of the seventeen megadiverse countries as well as global biodiversity hotspot. In the 2000 Red List of the International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources ( IUCN ), 418 of the country 's 52,177 species were listed as threatened. The Philippines has among the highest rates of discovery in the world with sixteen new species of mammals discovered in the last ten years. Because of this, the rate of endemism for the Philippines has risen and likely will continue to rise. Contents 1 Birds 2 Amphibians and reptiles 3 Freshwater fish 4 Insects and other invertebrates 5 Flora 6 See also 7 References Birds Main article : List of birds of the Philippines There are 612 species of birds found in the Philippines, of which 194 are endemic, three have been introduced by humans, and 52 are rare or accidental. There are 67 globally threatened species. These include the rufous hornbill and the critically endangered national bird of the Philippines, the Philippine eagle. The Philippines is also home to Tawi - Tawi 's Blue - winged racket - tail, the most endangered parrot species in Southeast Asia, and the Calayan rail, the most endangered rail species in the world, found only on a small island in the Babuyan Group of Islands. According to the EDGE of Existence Programme of the Zoological Society of London, the Philippines has the highest bird endemic in the world. Six of the world 's 50 most evolutionary distinct and globally endangered ( EDGE ) species are found in the Philippines. These species are the Philippine Eagle ( 15th place, the highest from the Philippines ), Spoon - billed Sandpiper ( # 19 ), Black - hooded Coucal ( # 22 ), Sulu Hornbill ( # 41 ), Cebu Brown - dove ( # 46 ), Rufous - headed Hornbill ( # 50 ). Previously, in 2013, when the list was up to 100, the various bleeding heart doves species found only in the Philippines and the Philippine Cockatoo was also in the list. Amphibians and reptiles There are more than 111 species of Amphibians and 270 species of Reptiles in the Philippines, 80 % of the Amphibians are endemic and 70 % of the Reptiles of the Philippines are also endemic. It is believed that there are not more than 14 of the 114 total species of snakes in the country are venomous. Several species of reptiles and amphibians remains undiscovered. Unfortunately, several of these species were believed to have disappeared without ever being discovered. The Philippines also has 50 - 60 endemic Platymantis frog species, by far the most diverse genus of amphibians in the archipelago. The endemic freshwater crocodile Crocodylus mindorensis is critically endangered and is considered the most threatened crocodilian in the world. In 1982, wild populations were estimated to be only 500 - 1,000 individuals ; by 1995 a mere 100 crocodiles remained living in the wild. The recent discovery of a population of this species in the Sierra Madre mountains of Luzon brings new hope for its conservation. Projects were being made in an effort to save the crocodiles. The Crocodile Rehabilitation, Observance and Conservation ( CROC ) Project of the Mabuwaya Foundation is active in carrying out such projects. Other unique and threatened reptiles include Gray 's monitor and the Philippine forest turtle. There are two newly discovered species of frugivorous monitor lizard, the Panay monitor lizard from the island of Panay and Northern Sierra Madre forest monitor from north east Luzon, there are only three species of monitor lizards that are specialized frugivores. Freshwater fish The Philippines has about 330 freshwater fish, including nine endemic genera and more than 65 endemic species, many of which are confined to single lakes. An example is Sardinella tawilis, a freshwater sardine found only in Taal Lake. Unfortunately, Lake Lanao, in Mindanao, seems to be experiencing the country 's most catastrophic extinction event, with nearly all of the lake 's endemic fish species now almost certainly extinct, primarily due to the introduction of tilapia, which is an edible fish, for the expansion of the fishing industry. Other exotic species were also introduced to the lake. Insects and other invertebrates See also : List of butterflies of the Philippines Troides magellanus, also known as the Magellan birdwing butterfly About 70 percent of the Philippines ' nearly 21,000 recorded insect species are found only in the country. In addition about one - third of the 915 butterflies found here are endemic to the country, and over 110 of the more than 130 species of tiger beetle are found nowhere else. One of the largest butterflies in the world and the largest in the Philippines, the Magellan birdwing can be found here. The largest moth, the Atlas moth, can be found in the Philippines. Crustaceans are very diverse in the archipelago. More than 50 species of freshwater crabs ( in genera Carpomon, Insulamon, Isolapotamon, Mainitia, Mindoron, Ovitamon, Parathelphusa and Sundathelphusa ) are known from the Philippines and all are endemic to the country. Flora See also : Orchids of the Philippines At the very least, one - third of the more than 9,250 vascular plant species native to the Philippines are endemic. There are, however, no plant families endemic to the country. The families of gingers, begonias, gesneriads, orchids, pandans, palms, and dipterocarps are particularly high in endemic species. For example, two - thirds of the 150 species of palms present in the country are found nowhere else in the world. 700 of the 1,000 species of orchids found in the Philippines are unique to its wildlife. The broad lowland and hill rain forests of the Philippines, which are mostly gone today, were dominated by at least 45 species of dipterocarps. These massive trees were abundant to up to 1,000 meters above sea level. Other important tree species here include giant figs, which provide food for fruit bats, parrots, and monkeys, and Pterocarpus indicus, which like the dipterocarps, is valued for its timber. A few species of Rafflesia are found in the Philippines, one of them being Rafflesia philippensis. See also List of extinct animals of the Philippines List of threatened species of the Philippines List of non-marine molluscs of the Philippines List of endemic birds of the Philippines List of mammals of the Philippines Environmental issues in the Philippines Wildlife of Palawan References Jump up ^ Carpenter, K.E. and V.G. Springer. 2005. Environmental Biology of Fishes ( 2005 ) 72 : 467 - 480. ^ Jump up to : `` Only in the Philippines ''. Retrieved 17 March 2015. ^ Jump up to : Conservation International. `` Biological diversity in the Philippines ''. Retrieved 17 March 2015. Jump up ^ `` Species - EDGE of Existence ''. Jump up ^ Brown M.R.., Siler D.C.. Oliveros H.C.. Esselstyn A.J.. Diesmos C.A.. Hosner A.P.. Linkem W.C.. Barley J.A.. Oaks R.J.. Sanguila B.M.. Welton J.L.. Blackburn C.D.. Moyle G.R.. Peterson T.A.. Alcala C.A.. 2013. Evolutionary Processes of Diversification in a Model Island Archipelago ( pdf ). The Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics. Vol. 44. pp. 411 -- 35. DOI : 10.1146 / annurev - ecolsys - 110411 - 160323. Retrieved on April 14, 2017 Jump up ^ Brown, R.M., Siler, C.D., Richards, S.J., Diesmos, A.C. and Cannatella, D.C. ( 2015 ), Multilocus phylogeny and a new classification for Southeast Asian and Melanesian forest frogs ( family Ceratobatrachidae ). Zool J Linn Soc, 174 : 130 -- 168. doi : 10.1111 / zoj. 12232 Jump up ^ Nguyen, T.T.T., and S.S. De Silva ( 2006 ). Freshwater finfish biodiversity and conservation : an Asian perspective. Biodiversity & Conservation 15 ( 11 ) : 3543 - 3568 Jump up ^ Mendoza, Jose Christopher E. ; and Darren C.J. Yeo ( 2014 ). `` A new species of Isolapotamon Bott, 1968 ( Decapoda, Brachyura, Potamidae ) from Mindanao, with notes on the Philippine Isolapotamon species ''. In Yeo, Darren C.J. ; Neil Cumberlidge ; and Sebastian Klaus. Advances in Freshwater Decapod Systematics and Biology, Crustaceana Monographs. 19. pp. 135 -- 159. doi : 10.1163 / 9789004207615_009. 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Question: how many animal species are there in the philippines
Answer: 52,177