Antigua and Barbuda - Wikipedia Antigua and Barbuda For other uses, see Antigua ( disambiguation ) and Barbuda ( disambiguation ). Coordinates : 17 ° 03 ′ N 61 ° 48 ′ W ﻿ / ﻿ 17.050 ° N 61.800 ° W ﻿ / 17.050 ; - 61.800 Antigua and Barbuda Flag Coat of arms Motto : `` Each Endeavouring, All Achieving '' Anthem : Fair Antigua, We Salute Thee Royal anthem : God Save the Queen Capital and largest city St. John 's 17 ° 7 ′ N 61 ° 51 ′ W ﻿ / ﻿ 17.117 ° N 61.850 ° W ﻿ / 17.117 ; - 61.850 Official languages English Ethnic groups ( 1996 ) 89 % Black 4.4 % Mixed 2.4 % White 2.5 % Other Demonym Antiguan Barbudan / Barbudian Government Unitary dominant - party parliamentary constitutional monarchy Monarch Elizabeth II Governor - General Rodney Williams Legislature Parliament Upper house Senate Lower house House of Representatives Independence Associated State 27 February 1967 from the United Kingdom 1 November 1981 Area Total 440 km ( 170 sq mi ) ( 182nd ) Water ( % ) negligible Population 2016 estimate 100,963 ( 199th ) 2011 census 81,799 Density 186 / km ( 481.7 / sq mi ) GDP ( PPP ) 2017 estimate Total $2.372 billion Per capita $25,998 GDP ( nominal ) 2017 estimate Total $1.454 billion Per capita $15,932 HDI ( 2014 ) 0.783 high 58th Currency East Caribbean dollar ( XCD ) Time zone AST ( UTC - 4 ) Drives on the left Calling code + 1 - 268 ISO 3166 code AG Internet TLD. ag `` God Save the Queen '' is the official national anthem, but is generally used only on regal and vice-regal occasions. Antigua and Barbuda ( / ænˈtiːɡ ( w ) ə... bɑːrˈb ( j ) uː də / ( listen ) ; ann - TEE - g ( w ) ə... bar - B ( Y ) OO - də ) is a sovereign state in the Americas, lying between the Caribbean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean. It consists of two major islands, Antigua and Barbuda, and a number of smaller islands ( including Great Bird, Green, Guiana, Long, Maiden and York Islands and further south, the island of Redonda ). The permanent population numbers about 81,800 ( at the 2011 Census ) and the capital and largest port and city is St. John 's, on Antigua. Lying near each other ( the main Barbuda airport is less than 0.5 ° of latitude, or 30 nautical miles, north of the main Antigua airport ), Antigua and Barbuda are in the middle of the Leeward Islands, part of the Lesser Antilles, roughly at 17 ° N of the equator. The country 's name was given by Christopher Columbus in 1493 after discovering the island, in honor of the Virgin of La Antigua in the Seville Cathedral. The country is nicknamed `` Land of 365 Beaches '' due to the many beaches surrounding the islands. Its governance, language, and culture have all been strongly influenced by the British Empire, of which the country was formerly a part, gaining sovereignty on 1 November 1981. It remains a member of the Commonwealth and Queen Elizabeth II is the head of state. In September 2017, Hurricane Irma damaged or destroyed 95 % of Barbuda 's buildings and infrastructure. Everyone on the island was evacuated to Antigua. Contents 1 Etymology 2 History 3 Geography 3.1 Largest cities 3.2 Islands 3.3 Climate 3.4 Ecology 4 Demographics 4.1 Ethnic groups 4.2 Languages 4.3 Religion 5 Governance 5.1 Political system 5.2 Elections 5.2. 1 Party elections 5.3 Judiciary 5.4 Foreign relations 5.5 Military 5.6 Administrative divisions 6 Economy 7 Education 8 Culture 8.1 Festivals 8.2 Cuisine 8.3 Media 8.4 Local literature 9 Sports 10 Notables 11 Symbols 12 See also 13 References 14 External links Etymology Antigua is Spanish for `` ancient '' and barbuda is Spanish for `` bearded ''. The island of Antigua, originally called Wadadli by Arawaks, is today called Wadadli by locals ; Caribs possibly called it Wa'omoni. Christopher Columbus, while sailing by in 1493 may have named it Santa Maria la Antigua, after an icon in the Spanish Seville Cathedral. History Main article : History of Antigua and Barbuda Antigua was first settled by archaic age hunter - gatherer Amerindians called the Siboney or Ciboney. Carbon dating has established the earliest settlements started around 3100 BC. They were succeeded by the ceramic age pre-Columbian Arawak - speaking Saladoid people who migrated from the lower Orinoco River. The Arawaks introduced agriculture, raising, among other crops, the famous Antigua black pineapple ( Moris cultivar of Ananas comosus ), corn, sweet potatoes, chiles, guava, tobacco, and cotton. The indigenous West Indians made excellent seagoing vessels which they used to sail around on the Atlantic and the Caribbean. As a result, Caribs and Arawaks were able to colonise much of South America and the Caribbean Islands. Their descendants still live there, notably in Brazil, Venezuela, and Colombia. Most Arawaks left Antigua around 1100 AD ; those who remained were later raided by the Caribs. According to the Catholic Encyclopedia, the Caribs ' superior weapons and seafaring prowess allowed them to defeat most of the West Indian Arawak nations, enslaving some and possibly cannibalising others. Antigua in 1823 The Catholic Encyclopedia makes it clear that the European invaders had difficulty differentiating between the various groups of the native peoples they encountered. As a result, the number and types of ethnic / tribal groups in existence at that time may have been much more varied and numerous than just the two mentioned in this article. European and African diseases, malnutrition, and slavery eventually killed most of the Caribbean 's native population. Smallpox was probably the greatest killer. Some historians believe that the psychological stress of slavery may also have played a part in the massive number of deaths amongst enslaved natives. Others believe the reportedly abundant but starchy, low - protein diet may have contributed to their severe malnutrition as they were used to a diet fortified with protein from the sea. The Spaniards did not colonise Antigua because it lacked fresh water but not aggressive Caribs. The English settled on Antigua in 1632 ; Christopher Codrington settled on Barbuda in 1684. Slavery, established to run sugar plantations around 1684, was abolished in 1834. The British ruled from 1632 to 1981, with a brief French interlude in 1666. The islands became an independent state within the Commonwealth of Nations on 1 November 1981, with Elizabeth II as the first Queen of Antigua and Barbuda. Vere Cornwall Bird Sr became the first Prime Minister. Most of Barbuda was devastated in early September 2017 by Hurricane Irma, which brought winds with speeds reaching 295 km / h ( 185 mph ). The storm damaged or destroyed 95 % of the island 's buildings and infrastructure, leaving Barbuda `` barely habitable '' according to Prime Minister Gaston Browne. Nearly everyone on the island was evacuated to Antigua. Geography Main article : Geography of Antigua and Barbuda A map of Antigua and Barbuda English Harbour, Antigua Antigua and Barbuda both are generally low - lying islands whose terrain has been influenced more by limestone formations than volcanic activity. The highest point on Antigua is Mount Obama ( formerly Boggy Peak ), the remnant of a volcanic crater rising 402 metres ( 1,319 feet ). The shorelines of both islands are greatly indented with beaches, lagoons, and natural harbours. The islands are rimmed by reefs and shoals. There are few streams as rainfall is slight. Both islands lack adequate amounts of fresh groundwater. Largest cities Further information : List of cities in Antigua and Barbuda Islands Antigua Barbuda Redonda Antigua and Barbuda Antigua Prickly Pear Island Great Bird Island Galley Island Major Galley Island Minor Jenny Island Exchange Island Rabbit Island Lobster Island Long Island Maiden Island Rat Island Little Bird Island Hells Gate Island Monocle Point Island Red Head Island Guiana Island Crump Island Nanny Island ( Henry Island ) Laviscounts Island Bird Island Round Island Hawes Island Little Island Green Island Pelican Island York Island Codrington Island Blake Island Cinnamon Island Five Islands Hawksbill Rock Johnson Island Maiden Island Moor Rock Mouse Island Neck of Land Sandy Island Smith Island The Sisters Vernon 's Island Wicked Will Island Barbuda Goat Island Kid Island Man of War Island Rabbit Island Redonda Climate Rainfall averages 990 mm ( 39 in ) per year, with the amount varying widely from season to season. In general the wettest period is between September and November. The islands generally experience low humidity and recurrent droughts. Temperatures average 27 ° C ( 80.6 ° F ), with a range from 23 ° C ( 73.4 ° F ) to 29 ° C ( 84.2 ° F ) in the winter to from 25 ° C ( 77.0 ° F ) to 30 ° C ( 86.0 ° F ) in the summer and autumn. The coolest period is between December and February. Hurricanes strike on an average of once a year, including the powerful Category 5 Hurricane Irma, on 6 September 2017, which damaged 95 % of the structures on Barbuda. Some 1,800 people were evacuated to Antigua. An estimate published by Time indicated that over $100 million would be required to rebuild homes and infrastructure. Philmore Mullin, Director of Barbuda 's National Office of Disaster Services, said that `` all critical infrastructure and utilities are non-existent -- food supply, medicine, shelter, electricity, water, communications, waste management ''. He summarised the situation as follows : `` Public utilities need to be rebuilt in their entirety... It is optimistic to think anything can be rebuilt in six months... In my 25 years in disaster management, I have never seen something like this. '' Ecology The sandy soil on much of the islands has only scrub vegetation. Some parts of Antigua are more fertile -- most notably the central plain -- due to the volcanic ash in the soil. These areas support some tropical vegetation and agricultural uses. The planting of acacia, mahogany, and red and white cedar on Antigua has led to as much as 11 % of the land becoming forested, helping to conserve the soil and water. Demographics Main article : Demographics of Antigua and Barbuda Antigua & Barbuda 's population ( 1961 -- 2010 ). Number of inhabitants in thousands. Ethnic groups Antigua has a population of 100,963, mostly made up of people of West African, British, and Madeiran descent. The ethnic distribution consists of 91 % Black & Mulatto, 4.4 % mixed race, 1.7 % White, and 2.9 % other ( primarily East Indian and other Asian ). Most Whites are of Irish or British descent. Christian Levantine Arabs, and a small number of Asians and Sephardic Jews make up the remainder of the population. An increasingly large percentage of the population lives abroad, most notably in the United Kingdom ( Antiguan Britons ), United States and Canada. A minority of Antiguan residents are immigrants from other countries, particularly from Dominica, Guyana and Jamaica, and, increasing, from the Dominican Republic, St. Vincent and the Grenadines and Nigeria. An estimated 4,500 American citizens also make their home in Antigua and Barbuda, making their numbers one of the largest American populations in the English - speaking Eastern Caribbean. Languages English is the official language. The Barbudan accent is slightly different from the Antiguan. In the years before Antigua and Barbuda 's independence, Standard English was widely spoken in preference to Antiguan Creole. Generally, the upper and middle classes shun Antiguan Creole. The educational system dissuades the use of Antiguan Creole and instruction is done in Standard ( British ) English. Many of the words used in the Antiguan dialect are derived from British as well as African languages. This can be easily seen in phrases such as : `` Ent it ? '' meaning `` Ai n't it ? '' which is itself dialectal and means `` Is n't it ? ''. Common island proverbs can often be traced to Africa. Spanish is spoken by around 10,000 inhabitants. Religion St. John 's Cathedral, St. John 's A majority of 77 % of Antiguans are Christians, with the Anglicans ( 17, 6 % ) being the largest single denomination. Other Christian denominations present are Seventh - day Adventist Church ( 12, 4 % ), Pentecostalism ( 12, 2 % ), Moravian Church ( 8, 3 % ), Roman Catholics ( 8, 2 % ), Methodist Church ( 5, 6 % ), Wesleyan Holiness Church ( 4, 5 % ), Church of God ( 4, 1 % ), Baptists ( 3, 6 % ), Mormons ( < 1, 0 % ), and Jehovah 's Witnesses. Non-Christian religions practised in the islands include the Rastafari, Islam, and Bahá'í Faith. Governance Political system Main article : Politics of Antigua and Barbuda Downtown St. John 's on Antigua. The politics of Antigua and Barbuda take place within a framework of a unitary, parliamentary, representative democratic monarchy, in which the Head of State is the Monarch who appoints the Governor General as vice-regal representative. Elizabeth II is the present Queen of Antigua and Barbuda, having served in that position since the islands ' independence from the United Kingdom in 1981. The Queen is currently represented by Governor General Sir Rodney Williams. A Council of Ministers is appointed by the Governor General on the advice of the Prime Minister, currently Gaston Browne ( 2014 -- ). The Prime Minister is the Head of Government. Executive power is exercised by the government while legislative power is vested in both the government and the two Chambers of Parliament. The bicameral Parliament consists of the Senate ( 17 members appointed by members of the government and the opposition party, and approved by the Governor - General ), and the House of Representatives ( 17 members elected by first past the post ) to serve five - year terms. The current Leader of Her Majesty 's Loyal Opposition is the United Progressive Party Member of Parliament ( MP ), the Honourable Baldwin Spencer. Elections St. John 's parish on Antigua. The last elections held were on 12 June 2014, during which the Antigua Labour Party won 14 seats, and the United Progressive Party 3 seats. Since 1949, elections have been won by the populist Antigua Labour Party. However, in the Antigua and Barbuda legislative election of 2004 saw the defeat of the longest - serving elected government in the Caribbean. Prime Minister Lester Bryant Bird, who had succeeded his father Vere Cornwall Bird Sr., and Deputy Robin Yearwood had been in office since 1976. The elder Bird was Prime Minister from 1981 to 1994 and Chief Minister of Antigua from 1960 to 1981, except for the 1971 -- 1976 period when the Progressive Labour Movement ( PLM ) defeated his party. Vere Cornwall Bird, the nation 's first Prime Minister, is credited with having brought Antigua and Barbuda and the Caribbean into a new era of independence. Party elections Gaston Browne defeated his predecessor Lester Bryant Bird at the Antigua Labour Party 's biennial convention in November 2012 held to elect a political leader and other officers. The party then altered its name from the Antigua Labour Party ( ALP ) to the Antigua and Barbuda Labour Party ( ABLP ). This was done to officially include the party 's presence on the sister island of Barbuda in its organisation, the only political party on the mainland to have a physical branch in Barbuda. Judiciary The Judicial branch is the Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court ( based in Saint Lucia ; one judge of the Supreme Court is a resident of the islands and presides over the High Court of Justice ). Antigua is also a member of the Caribbean Court of Justice. The Judicial Committee of the Privy Council serves as its Supreme Court of Appeal. Foreign relations Main article : Foreign relations of Antigua and Barbuda Antigua and Barbuda is a member of the United Nations, the Bolivarian Alliance for the Americas, the Commonwealth of Nations, the Caribbean Community, the Organization of Eastern Caribbean States, the Organization of American States, the World Trade Organization and the Eastern Caribbean 's Regional Security System. Antigua and Barbuda is also a member of the International Criminal Court ( with a Bilateral Immunity Agreement of Protection for the US military as covered under Article 98 of the Rome Statute ). In 2013, Antigua and Barbuda called for reparations for slavery at the United Nations. Prime Minister Baldwin Spencer said `` We have recently seen a number of leaders apologising '', and that they should now `` match their words with concrete and material benefits ''. Military Further information : Royal Antigua and Barbuda Defence Force The Royal Antigua and Barbuda Defence Force has around 260 members dispersed between the line infantry regiment, service and support unit and coast guard. There is also the Antigua and Barbuda Cadet Corps made up of 200 teenagers between the ages of 12 to 18. Administrative divisions Main article : Parishes and dependencies of Antigua and Barbuda Antigua and Barbuda is divided into six parishes and two dependencies : Parishes of Antigua Parishes Saint George Saint John Saint Mary Saint Paul Saint Peter Saint Philip Dependencies Barbuda Redonda BARBUDA REDONDA Saint Mary Saint John St. George St. Peter St. Philip Saint Paul ANTIGUA CARIBBEAN SEA Note : Though Barbuda and Redonda are called dependencies they are integral parts of the state, making them essentially administrative divisions. Dependency is simply a title. Economy Main article : Economy of Antigua and Barbuda A proportional representation of Antigua and Barbuda 's exports. Tourism dominates the economy, accounting for more than half of the gross domestic product ( GDP ). Antigua is famous for its many luxury resorts. Weak tourist activity since early 2000 has slowed the economy, however, and squeezed the government into a tight fiscal corner. Investment banking and financial services also make up an important part of the economy. Major world banks with offices in Antigua include the Royal Bank of Canada ( RBC ) and Scotiabank. Financial - services corporations with offices in Antigua include PriceWaterhouseCoopers. The US Securities and Exchange Commission has accused the Antigua - based Stanford International Bank, owned by Texas billionaire Allen Stanford, of orchestrating a huge fraud which may have bilked investors of some $8 billion. ( check status 20100312 ) The twin - island nation 's agricultural production is focused on its domestic market and constrained by a limited water supply and a labour shortage stemming from the lure of higher wages in tourism and construction work. Manufacturing is made up of enclave - type assembly for export, the major products being bedding, handicrafts and electronic components. Prospects for economic growth in the medium term will continue to depend on income growth in the industrialised world, especially in the United States, from which about one - third of all tourists come. Following the opening of the American University of Antigua College of Medicine by investor and attorney Neil Simon in 2003, a new source of revenue was established. The university employs many local Antiguans and the approximate 1000 students consume a large amount of the goods and services. Antigua and Barbuda also utilizes an economic citizenship program to spur investment into the country. Education Main article : Education in Antigua and Barbuda Antigua & Barbuda has a greater than 90 % literacy rate. In 1998, Antigua and Barbuda adopted a national mandate to become the pre-eminent provider of medical services in the Caribbean. As part of this mission, Antigua and Barbuda built the most technologically advanced hospital in the Caribbean, the Mt. St. John Medical Centre. The island of Antigua currently has two foreign - owned for - profit offshore medical schools, the American University of Antigua ( AUA ), founded in 2004, and The University of Health Sciences Antigua ( UHSA ), founded in 1982. The island 's medical schools cater mostly to foreign students but contribute to the local economy and health care. There is also a government owned state college in Antigua as well as the Antigua and Barbuda Institute of Information Technology ( ABIIT ) and the Antigua and Barbuda Hospitality Training Institute ( ABHTI ). The University of the West Indies has a branch in Antigua for local students to continue university studies. Antigua has two international primary / secondary schools : CCSET International, which offers the Ontario Secondary School Diploma, and Island Academy, which offers the International Baccalaureate. There are also many other private schools but these institutions tend to follow the same local curriculum ( CXCs ) as government schools. Culture See also : Music of Antigua and Barbuda The culture is predominantly a mixture of West African and British cultural influences. Cricket is the national sport. Other popular sports include football, boat racing and surfing. ( Antigua Sailing Week attracts locals and visitors from all over the world ). Calypso and soca music, both originating primarily out of Trinidad, are important in Antigua and Barbuda. Festivals The national Carnival held each August commemorates the abolition of slavery in the British West Indies, although on some islands, Carnival may celebrate the coming of Lent. Its festive pageants, shows, contests and other activities are a major tourist attraction. Cuisine Further information : Antigua and Barbuda cuisine Corn and sweet potatoes play an important role in Antiguan cuisine. For example, a popular Antiguan dish, Dukuna / ˈduːkuːˌnɑː / is a sweet, steamed dumpling made from grated sweet potatoes, flour and spices. One of the Antiguan staple foods, fungi / ˈfuːndʒiː /, is a cooked paste made of cornmeal and water. Media There are two daily newspapers : the `` Daily Observer '' and `` Caribbean Times ''. The local channel ABS TV 10 is available ( it is the only station which shows exclusively local programs ). There are also several local and regional radio stations, such as V2C - AM 620, ZDK - AM 1100, VYBZ - FM 92.9, ZDK - FM 97.1, Observer Radio 91.1 FM, DNECA Radio 90.1 FM, Second Advent Radio 101.5 FM, Abundant Life Radio 103.9 FM, Crusader Radio 107.3 FM, Nice FM 104.3 Local literature Jamaica Kincaid, has published over 20 pieces of literature. Sports See also : Cricket in the West Indies The Antigua Recreation Ground. The Antigua and Barbuda national cricket team represented the country at the 1998 Commonwealth Games, but Antiguan cricketers otherwise play for the Leeward Islands cricket team in domestic matches and the West Indies cricket team internationally. The 2007 Cricket World Cup was hosted in the West Indies from 11 March to 28 April 2007. Antigua hosted eight matches at the Sir Vivian Richards Stadium, which was completed on 11 February 2007 and can hold up to 20,000 people. Antigua is a Host of Stanford Twenty20 -- Twenty20 Cricket, a version started by Allen Stanford in 2006 as a regional cricket game with almost all Caribbean islands taking part. Rugby and netball are popular as well. Association football, or soccer, is also a very popular sport. Antigua has a national football team which entered World Cup qualification for the 1974 tournament and for 1986 and onwards. A professional team was formed in 2011, Antigua Barracuda FC, which played in the USL Pro, a lower professional league in the USA. The nation 's team had a major achievement in 2012, getting out of its preliminary group for the 2014 World Cup, notably due to a victory over powerful Haiti. In its first game in the next CONCACAF group play on 8 June 2012 in Tampa, FL, Antigua and Barbuda, comprising 17 Barracuda players and 7 from the lower English professional leagues, scored a goal against the United States. However, the team lost 3 : 1 to the US. Notables Runners Sonia Williams and Heather Samuel represented Antigua and Barbuda at the Olympic Games. Brendan Christian, runner ( 100 m, 200 m ) Daniel Bailey runner ( 100 m, 200 m ) James Grayman high jumper Viv Richards, cricketeer, scored the fastest Test Century Brian Lara, cricketeer, twice scored the World Test Record at the Antigua Recreation Ground. Cricketeers Sir Vivian Richards, Andy Roberts, and Richie Richardson Symbols The national bird is the frigate bird, and the national tree is the Talipariti elatum ( Blue Mahoe tree ) See also Caribbean portal Caricom portal Commonwealth realms portal Antigua and Barbuda portal Outline of Antigua and Barbuda Index of Antigua and Barbuda - related articles Bibliography of Antigua and Barbuda Antigua and Barbuda -- Wikipedia book References ^ Jump up to : `` World Population Prospects : The 2017 Revision ''. ESA.UN.org ( custom data acquired via website ). United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. Retrieved 10 September 2017. ^ Jump up to : `` Antigua and Barbuda ''. International Monetary Fund. Jump up ^ `` 2015 Human Development Report '' ( PDF ). United Nations Development Programme. 2015. Retrieved 14 December 2015. Jump up ^ `` Antigua and Barbuda - Countries - Office of the Historian ''. history.state.gov. ^ Jump up to : Panzar, Javier ; Willsher, Kim ( 9 September 2017 ). `` Hurricane Irma leaves Caribbean Islands Devastated ''. Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 11 September 2017. Jump up ^ `` Introduction : : Antigua and Barbuda ''. Jump up ^ Austin Alchon, Suzanne ( 2003 ). A pest in the land : new world epidemics in a global perspective. University of New Mexico Press. pp. 62 -- 63. ISBN 0 - 8263 - 2871 - 7. Jump up ^ Rogozinski, Jan ( September 2000 ). A Brief History of the Caribbean. Penguin Putnam, Inc. ISBN 0 - 452 - 28193 - 8. Jump up ^ Hanna, Jason ; Sterling, Joe ; Almasy, Steve ( 2017 - 09 - 06 ). `` Hurricane Irma : Powerful storm blamed for three deaths ''. ABS TV Radio Antigua & Barbuda. CNN. Retrieved 2017 - 09 - 06. Jump up ^ Panzar, Javier ( 9 September 2017 ). `` Hurricane Irma leaves Caribbean islands devastated '' -- via LA Times. Jump up ^ Antigua, Tara John /. `` Hurricane Irma Flattens Barbuda, Leaving Population Stranded ''. Time. Jump up ^ `` Background Note : Antigua and Barbuda ''. Archived from the original on 14 August 2007. Retrieved 23 August 2007. Jump up ^ Bernadette Farquhar -- The Spanish Language in Antigua and Barbuda : Implications for Language Planning and Language Research Archived 15 July 2013 at the Wayback Machine. Jump up ^ `` Antigua and Barbuda ''. CIA, 2011. Jump up ^ `` Antigua and Barbuda 1981 ''. Constitute. Retrieved 20 February 2015. Jump up ^ `` Caribbean Court of Justice ''. International Justice Resource Center. 5 September 2012. Jump up ^ `` Slavery reparations : Blood money ''. The Economist. 5 October 2013. Jump up ^ Krauss, Clifford ; Creswell, Julie ; Savage, Charlie ( 21 February 2009 ). `` Fraud Case Shakes a Billionaire 's Caribbean Realm ''. The New York Times. Retrieved 14 April 2010. Jump up ^ `` American University of Antigua, College of Medicine ''. Archived from the original on 22 August 2007. Retrieved 23 August 2007. Jump up ^ `` University of Health Sciences Antigua ''. Retrieved 23 August 2007. Jump up ^ `` Antigua & Barbuda -- Carnival & Music ''. www.geographia.com. Retrieved 9 November 2016. Jump up ^ `` Jamaica Kincaid ''. Wikipedia. 2017 - 10 - 24. External links The Wikibook Wikijunior : Countries A-Z has a page on the topic of : Antigua and Barbuda Find more aboutAntigua and Barbudaat Wikipedia 's sister projects Definitions from Wiktionary Media from Wikimedia Commons News from Wikinews Quotations from Wikiquote Texts from Wikisource Textbooks from Wikibooks Travel guide from Wikivoyage Learning resources from Wikiversity The Official Website of the Government of Antigua and Barbuda Wikimedia Atlas of Antigua and Barbuda Antigua and Barbuda, United States Library of Congress `` Antigua and Barbuda ''. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Antigua and Barbuda from UCB Libraries GovPubs Antigua and Barbuda at Curlie ( based on DMOZ ) Antigua and Barbuda from the BBC News World Bank 's country data profile for Antigua and Barbuda ArchaeologyAntigua.org -- 2010March13 source of archaeological information for Antigua and Barbuda Antigua and Barbuda articles History Governors West Indies Associated States Geography Antigua Barbuda Birds Mammals Cities Parishes and dependencies Politics Council Elections Flag Foreign relations Governor - General House of Representatives Military Monarchy Political parties Prime Minister Senate Economy Communications Central Bank East Caribbean dollar ( currency ) Trade unions Transport Society Demographics Education Health care Religion Culture Carnival Creole Cuisine Music Romantic Rhythms Music Festival Notable Antiguans and Barbudans Outline Index Bibliography Book Portal Countries and dependencies of North America Sovereign states Entire Antigua and Barbuda Bahamas Barbados Belize Canada Costa Rica Cuba Dominica Dominican Republic El Salvador Grenada Guatemala Haiti Honduras Jamaica Mexico Nicaragua Panama St. Kitts and Nevis Saint Lucia St. Vincent and the Grenadines Trinidad and Tobago United States In part Colombia San Andrés and Providencia France Guadeloupe Martinique Caribbean Netherlands Bonaire Saba Sint Eustatius Dependencies Denmark Greenland France Clipperton Island St. Barthélemy St. Martin St. Pierre and Miquelon Netherlands Aruba Curaçao Sint Maarten United Kingdom Anguilla Bermuda British Virgin Islands Cayman Islands Montserrat Turks and Caicos Islands United States Navassa Island Puerto Rico United States Virgin Islands Venezuela Federal Dependencies Nueva Esparta International membership Bolivarian Alliance for the Peoples of Our America - Peoples ' Trade Treaty ( ALBA - TCP ) Member states Antigua and Barbuda Bolivia Cuba Dominica Ecuador Grenada Nicaragua Saint Kitts and Nevis Saint Lucia Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Venezuela Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States ( OECS ) Members Antigua and Barbuda Dominica Grenada Montserrat St. Kitts and Nevis St. Lucia St. Vincent and the Grenadines Associate members Anguilla British Virgin Islands Martinique Financial institutions East Caribbean dollar Eastern Caribbean Central Bank Eastern Caribbean Central Securities Registry Eastern Caribbean Securities Exchange Other institutions Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court Caribbean Community ( CARICOM ) Secretariat ( Secretary - General ) Members Antigua and Barbuda Bahamas Barbados Belize Dominica Grenada Guyana Haiti Jamaica Montserrat St. Kitts and Nevis St. Lucia St. Vincent and the Grenadines Suriname Trinidad and Tobago Associate members Anguilla Bermuda British Virgin Islands Cayman Islands Turks and Caicos Islands Observers Aruba Colombia Curaçao Dominican Republic Mexico Puerto Rico Sint Maarten Venezuela Institutions Common Fund for Commodities ( CFC ) Court of Justice ( CCJ ) Disaster Emergency Management ( CDEMA ) Examinations Council ( CXC ) Meteorological Institute ( CMI ) Meteorological Organisation ( CMO ) Public Health Agency ( CARPHA ) Single Market and Economy ( CSME ) Related organizations CARIFORUM Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States ( OECS ) Member of the Community but not of the CARICOM Single Market and Economy ( CSME ) British overseas territory awaiting entrustment to join the CSME Members of the Commonwealth of Nations Sovereign states ( Members ) Antigua and Barbuda Australia Bahamas Bangladesh Barbados Belize Botswana Brunei Cameroon Canada Cyprus Dominica Fiji Ghana Grenada Guyana India Jamaica Kenya Kiribati Lesotho Malawi Malaysia Malta Mauritius Mozambique Namibia Nauru New Zealand Nigeria Pakistan Papua New Guinea Rwanda St. Kitts and Nevis St. Lucia St. Vincent and the Grenadines Samoa Seychelles Sierra Leone Singapore Solomon Islands South Africa Sri Lanka Swaziland Tanzania The Gambia Tonga Trinidad and Tobago Tuvalu Uganda United Kingdom Vanuatu Zambia Dependencies of Members Australia Ashmore and Cartier Islands Australian Antarctic Territory Christmas Island Cocos ( Keeling ) Islands Coral Sea Islands Heard Island and McDonald Islands Norfolk Island New Zealand Cook Islands Niue Ross Dependency Tokelau United Kingdom Akrotiri and Dhekelia Anguilla Bermuda British Antarctic Territory British Indian Ocean Territory British Virgin Islands Cayman Islands Falkland Islands Gibraltar Guernsey Isle of Man Jersey Montserrat Pitcairn Islands St. Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands Turks and Caicos Islands Source : Commonwealth Secretariat - Member States Monarchies List of current sovereign monarchs List of current constituent monarchs Type Absolute Constitutional Diarchy Elective Federal Hereditary By region or entity Africa Lesotho Morocco Swaziland Asia Bahrain Bhutan Brunei Cambodia Japan Jordan Kuwait Malaysia Oman Qatar Saudi Arabia Thailand United Arab Emirates Europe Andorra Belgium Denmark Luxembourg Liechtenstein Monaco Netherlands Norway Spain Sweden Vatican City United Kingdom Oceania Australia Tonga New Zealand Cook Islands Niue Papua New Guinea Solomon Islands Tuvalu Americas Antigua and Barbuda Bahamas Barbados Belize Canada Grenada Jamaica Saint Kitts and Nevis Saint Lucia Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Commonwealth realms and dominions Current Antigua and Barbuda ( monarchy ) Australia ( monarchy ) Bahamas ( monarchy ) Barbados ( monarchy ) Belize ( monarchy ) Canada ( monarchy ) Grenada ( monarchy ) Jamaica ( monarchy ) Realm of New Zealand Cook Islands New Zealand Niue Papua New Guinea ( monarchy ) Saint Kitts and Nevis ( monarchy ) Saint Lucia ( monarchy ) Saint Vincent and the Grenadines ( monarchy ) Solomon Islands ( monarchy ) Tuvalu ( monarchy ) United Kingdom ( monarchy ) Former Ceylon Fiji ( monarchy ) The Gambia Ghana Guyana India Ireland ( monarchy ) Kenya Malawi Malta ( monarchy ) Mauritius Newfoundland Nigeria Pakistan Rhodesia Sierra Leone South Africa ( monarchy ) Tanganyika Trinidad and Tobago Uganda Annexed by Canada in 1949 Rhodesia unilaterally declared independence in 1965, but this was not recognised internationally. Declared itself a republic in 1970. English - speaking world Click on a coloured area to see an article about English in that country or region Further links Articles English - speaking world History of the English language British Empire English in the Commonwealth of Nations Anglosphere Lists List of countries by English - speaking population List of countries where English is an official language Countries and territories where English is the national language or the native language of the majority Africa Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha Americas Anguilla Antigua and Barbuda The Bahamas Barbados Belize Bermuda British Virgin Islands Canada Cayman Islands Dominica Falkland Islands Grenada Guyana Jamaica Montserrat Saba Saint Kitts and Nevis Saint Lucia Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Sint Eustatius Sint Maarten South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands Trinidad and Tobago Turks and Caicos Islands United States United States Virgin Islands Europe Guernsey Ireland Isle of Man Jersey United Kingdom Oceania Australia New Zealand Norfolk Island Pitcairn Islands Countries and territories where English is an official language, but not the majority first language Africa Botswana Cameroon The Gambia Ghana Kenya Lesotho Liberia Malawi Mauritius Namibia Nigeria Rwanda Sierra Leone Somaliland South Africa South Sudan Sudan Swaziland Tanzania Uganda Zambia Zimbabwe Americas Puerto Rico Asia Christmas Island Cocos ( Keeling ) Islands Hong Kong Special Administrative Region India Pakistan Philippines Singapore Europe Gibraltar Malta Oceania American Samoa Cook Islands Fiji Guam Kiribati Marshall Islands Micronesia Nauru Niue Northern Mariana Islands Palau Papua New Guinea Samoa Solomon Islands Tokelau Tuvalu Vanuatu Dependencies shown in italics. VIAF : 125789813 LCCN : n83129820 ISNI : 0000 0000 8680 1343 GND : 4086593 - 9 BNF : cb14549586h ( data ) NDL : 00798403 Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Antigua_and_Barbuda&oldid=835110223 '' Categories : Antigua and Barbuda Countries in the Caribbean Commonwealth realms Countries in North America English - speaking countries and territories Member states of the Caribbean Community Member states of the Commonwealth of Nations Member states of the Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States Member states of the United Nations Small Island Developing States British Leeward Islands Former British colonies and protectorates in the Americas Former colonies in North America 1630s establishments in the Caribbean 1632 establishments in the British Empire 1981 disestablishments in the United Kingdom States and territories established in 1981 1981 establishments in Antigua and Barbuda Hidden categories : Webarchive template wayback links Wikipedia indefinitely move - protected pages Use dmy dates from April 2017 Coordinates on Wikidata Pages using infobox country or infobox former country with the symbol caption or type parameters Articles with hAudio microformats Articles including recorded pronunciations ( English ) Articles containing Spanish - language text Articles containing Taino - language text Articles containing Island Carib - language text All articles with specifically marked weasel - worded phrases Articles with specifically marked weasel - worded phrases from March 2011 All articles with unsourced statements Articles with unsourced statements from August 2009 Official website different in Wikidata and Wikipedia Articles with Curlie links Wikipedia articles with VIAF identifiers Wikipedia articles with LCCN identifiers Wikipedia articles with ISNI identifiers Wikipedia articles with GND identifiers Wikipedia articles with BNF identifiers Talk Contents About Wikipedia Wikivoyage Languages Acèh Адыгэбзэ Afrikaans Alemannisch አማርኛ Ænglisc Aragonés Armãneashti Arpetan অসমীয়া Asturianu Avañe'ẽ Aymar aru Azərbaycanca تۆرکجه বাংলা Bân - lâm - gú Башҡортса Беларуская Беларуская ( тарашкевіца ) ‎ भोजपुरी Bikol Central Български Boarisch བོད ་ ཡིག Bosanski Brezhoneg Буряад Català Cebuano Čeština Chavacano de Zamboanga ChiShona Cymraeg Dansk Davvisámegiella Deutsch ދިވެހިބަސް Dolnoserbski Eesti Ελληνικά Эрзянь Español Esperanto Estremeñu Euskara Eʋegbe فارسی Fiji Hindi Føroyskt Français Frysk Gaeilge Gaelg Gagauz Gàidhlig Galego गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni 客家 語 / Hak - kâ - ngî Хальмг 한국어 Հայերեն हिन्दी Hornjoserbsce Hrvatski Ido Ilokano বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী Bahasa Indonesia Interlingua Interlingue Ирон Íslenska Italiano עברית Basa Jawa ಕನ್ನಡ Kapampangan ქართული Қазақша Kernowek Kinyarwanda Kiswahili Kreyòl ayisyen Kurdî Кыргызча Кырык мары Ladino Latina Latviešu Lëtzebuergesch Lietuvių Ligure Limburgs Lingála Livvinkarjala Lumbaart Magyar मैथिली Македонски Malagasy മലയാളം Malti मराठी მარგალური مصرى Bahasa Melayu Baso Minangkabau Mìng - dĕ̤ng - ngṳ̄ မြန်မာဘာသာ Dorerin Naoero Nederlands नेपाली नेपाल भाषा 日本 語 Нохчийн Nordfriisk Norfuk / Pitkern Norsk Norsk nynorsk Novial Occitan ଓଡ଼ିଆ Oromoo Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча ਪੰਜਾਬੀ پنجابی Papiamentu Patois Piemontèis Plattdüütsch Polski Português Qaraqalpaqsha Qırımtatarca Română Rumantsch Runa Simi Русиньскый Русский Саха тыла Gagana Samoa संस्कृतम् Sardu Scots Seeltersk Shqip Sicilianu Simple English SiSwati Slovenčina Slovenščina Ślůnski Soomaaliga کوردی Српски / srpski Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски Basa Sunda Suomi Svenska Tagalog தமிழ் Taqbaylit Татарча / tatarça తెలుగు Tetun ไทย Тоҷикӣ ᏣᎳᎩ Türkçe Українська اردو ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche Vahcuengh Vèneto Vepsän kel ' Tiếng Việt Volapük Võro Winaray Wolof 吴语 Yorùbá 粵語 Zeêuws Žemaitėška 中文 डोटेली 180 more Edit links This page was last edited on 6 April 2018, at 16 : 32. 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Question: what is the language of antigua and barbuda
Answer: English