Thoracic duct - wikipedia Thoracic duct Thoracic duct The thoracic and right lymphatic ducts. ( Thoracic duct is thin vertical white line at center. ) Modes of origin of thoracic duct. a. Thoracic duct. a '. Cisterna chyli. b, c ' Efferent trunks from lateral aortic glands. d. An efferent vessel which pierces the left crus of the diaphragm. e.f. Lateral aortic glands. h. Retroaortic glands. i. Intestinal trunk. j. Descending branch from intercostal lymphatics. Details System Lymphatic system Source cisterna chyli Drains to junction of the left subclavian vein and left internal jugular vein Identifiers Latin ductus thoracicus MeSH D013897 TA A12. 4.01. 007 FMA 5031 Anatomical terminology ( edit on Wikidata ) In human anatomy, the thoracic duct is the largest of the two lymph ducts of the lymphatic system. It is also known as the left lymphatic duct, alimentary duct, chyliferous duct, and Van Hoorne 's canal. The other duct is the right lymphatic duct. It carries chyle, a liquid containing both lymph and emulsified fats, rather than pure lymph. Thus when it ruptures, the resulting flood of liquid into the pleural cavity is known as chylothorax. In adults, the thoracic duct is typically 38 -- 45 cm in length and has an average diameter of about 5 mm. The vessel usually starts from the level of the twelfth thoracic vertebrae ( T12 ) and extends to the root of the neck. It drains into the systemic ( blood ) circulation at the angle of the left subclavian and internal jugular veins as a single trunk, at the commencement of the brachiocephalic vein. It also collects most of the lymph in the body other than from the right thorax, arm, head, and neck which are drained by the right lymphatic duct. Contents 1 Structure 2 Function 3 Clinical significance 4 Additional images 5 See also 6 References 7 External links Structure The thoracic duct originates in the abdomen from the confluence of the right and left lumbar trunks and the intestinal trunk, forming a significant pathway upward called the cisterna chyli. It traverses the diaphragm at the aortic aperture and ascends the superior and posterior mediastinum between the descending thoracic aorta ( to its left ) and the azygos vein ( to its right ). The duct extends vertically in the chest and curves posteriorly to the left carotid artery and left internal jugular vein at the T5 vertebral level it drains into the systemic ( blood ) circulation at the venous angle of the left subclavian and internal jugular veins as a single trunk, at the commencement of the brachiocephalic vein, below the clavicle, near the shoulders. Function The lymph transport, in the thoracic duct, is mainly caused by the action of breathing, aided by the duct 's smooth muscle and by internal valves which prevent the lymph from flowing back down again. There are also two valves at the junction of the duct with the left subclavian vein, to prevent the flow of venous blood into the duct. In adults, the thoracic duct transports up to 4 L of lymph per day. Clinical significance The first sign of a malignancy, especially an intraabdominal one, may be an enlarged Virchow 's node, a lymph node in the left supraclavicular area, in the vicinity where the thoracic duct empties into the left brachiocephalic vein, right between where the left subclavian vein and left internal jugular join ( i.e. the left Pirogoff angle ). When the thoracic duct is blocked or damaged a large amount of lymph can quickly accumulate in the pleural cavity, this situation is called chylothorax. Additional images Transverse section of thorax, showing relations of pulmonary artery. The arch of the aorta, and its branches. Deep lymph nodes and vessels of the thorax and abdomen ( diagrammatic ). The position and relation of the esophagus in the cervical region and in the posterior mediastinum. Seen from behind. Front photo of the Ductus Thoracicus in the Human mediastinum with the heart and part of the pericard removed. See also This article uses anatomical terminology ; for an overview, see Anatomical terminology. Lymph duct Lymphatic system References ^ Jump up to : Knipe, Henry. `` Thoracic duct Radiology Reference Article Radiopaedia.org ''. radiopaedia.org. Retrieved 2016 - 10 - 08. ^ Jump up to : Insull, Phillip ( 2007 - 10 - 01 ). `` CLINICAL ANATOMY : APPLIED ANATOMY FOR STUDENTS AND JUNIOR DOCTORS. 11th EDITION - BY HAROLD ELLIS ''. ANZ Journal of Surgery. 77 ( 10 ) : 911 -- 912. doi : 10.1111 / j. 1445 - 2197.2007. 04191. x. ISSN 1445 - 2197. Jump up ^ Michael Schuenke ; Erik Schulte ; Udo Schumacher ; Lawrence M. Ross ; Edward D. Lamperti ; Markus Voll ; Karl Wesker ( 24 May 2006 ). Thieme atlas of anatomy : Neck and internal organs. Thieme. pp. 136 --. ISBN 978 - 3 - 13 - 142111 - 1. Retrieved 1 June 2010. Jump up ^ Tewfik, Ted L ; Mosenifar, Zab. `` Thoracic Duct Anatomy ''. Medscape. WebMD Health Professional Network. External links Anatomy figure : 21 : 05 - 02 at Human Anatomy Online, SUNY Downstate Medical Center -- `` The thoracic duct and azygos venous network '' Anatomy image : 8901 at the SUNY Downstate Medical Center figures / chapter_24 / 24 - 5. HTM : Basic Human Anatomy at Dartmouth Medical School `` thoracic duct '' at Dorland 's Medical Dictionary Diagram at anatomyatlases.org Ultrasound Imaging the thoracic duct Instruction video for Ultrasound examination of the thoracic duct Anatomy of the lymphatic system Head and neck Head Back Occipital Mastoid / retroauricular Parotid Superficial Deep preauricular infra - auricular intraglandular Front Facial buccinator nasolabial Mandibular Submandibular Submental Cervical Superficial anterior lateral Deep Deep anterior cervical pretracheal paratracheal prelaryngeal thyroid Deep lateral cervical superior deep cervical inferior deep cervical retropharyngeal jugulodigastric jugulo - omohyoid Other Anterior cervical Lateral cervical Supraclavicular Vessels Jugular trunk Arm and axilla Nodes Axillary Brachial Pectoral Subscapular Central Apical Arm Supratrochlear Deltopectoral Vessels Subclavian lymph trunk Chest Nodes Parasternal Intercostal Superior diaphragmatic Trachea and bronchi superior inferior bronchopulmonary paratracheal intrapulmonary Vessels Thoracic duct Right lymphatic duct Bronchomediastinal lymph trunk Abdomen Nodes Paraaortic Retroaortic Lateral aortic Preaortic ( Celiac gastric hepatic splenic Superior mesenteric mesenteric ileocolic mesocolic Inferior mesenteric pararectal ) Other Iliac Common external internal Sacral Retroperitoneal lymph nodes Vessels Lumbar lymph trunk Intestinal trunk Cisterna chyli Leg Inguinal deep Cloquet 's node superficial Popliteal Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Thoracic_duct&oldid=825195532 '' Categories : Lymphatics of the torso Hidden categories : Pages with unresolved properties Use dmy dates from April 2017 Talk Contents About Wikipedia Azərbaycanca Deutsch Español فارسی Français Gaeilge Galego Italiano Nederlands Polski Português Svenska Türkçe Українська اردو 中文 8 more Edit links This page was last edited on 12 February 2018, at 00 : 46. 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Question: where does the thoracic duct cross the diaphragm
Answer: the left crus of the diaphragm