Berengaria of Navarre - wikipedia Berengaria of Navarre Berengaria of Navarre Effigy of Berengaria in the chapter house of L'Épau Abbey, Le Mans Queen consort of England Tenure 12 May 1191 -- 6 April 1199 Coronation 12 May 1191 c. 1165 -- 1170 ( 1230 - 12 - 23 ) 23 December 1230 ( aged 59 -- 65 ) Spouse Richard I of England House Jiménez Father Sancho VI of Navarre Mother Sancha of Castile Berengaria of Navarre ( Basque : Berengela, Spanish : Berenguela, French : Bérengère ; c. 1165 -- 1170 -- 23 December 1230 ) was Queen of England as the wife of Richard I of England. She was the eldest daughter of Sancho VI of Navarre and Sancha of Castile. As is the case with many of the medieval English queens, relatively little is known of her life. Traditionally known as `` the only English queen never to set foot in the country '', she may in fact have visited the country after her husband 's death, but did not do so before, nor did she see much of him during her marriage, which was childless. She did ( unusually for the wife of a Crusader ) accompany him on the start of the Third Crusade, but mostly lived in his French possessions, where she gave generously to the Church, despite difficulties in collecting the pension she was due from Richard 's brother and successor John after she became a widow. Contents 1 Early years 2 Marriage 3 Queen consort 4 Queen dowager 5 Historical significance 6 Ancestry 7 In fiction 8 On the stage 9 In media 10 Legacy 11 Notes 12 References 13 External links Early years In 1185, Berengaria was given the fief of Monreal by her father. Eleanor of Aquitaine promoted the engagement of Berengaria to her son, Richard the Lionheart. An alliance with Navarre meant protection for the southern borders of Eleanor 's Duchy of Aquitaine, and helped create better relations with neighbouring Castile whose queen was Eleanor, a sister of Richard. Also, Navarre had assimilated the troubadour culture of Aquitaine and Berengaria 's reputation was unbesmirched. It seems that Berengaria and Richard did in fact meet once, years before their marriage, and writers have claimed that there was an attraction between them at that time. In 1190, Eleanor met Sancho in Pamplona and he hosted a banquet in the Royal Palace of Olite in her honour. The betrothal could not be celebrated openly, for Richard had been betrothed for many years to Alys, half - sister of King Philip II of France. Richard terminated his betrothal to Alys in 1190 while at Messina. It has been suggested that Alys had become the mistress of Richard 's own father, Henry II of England, and possibly the mother of an illegitimate child ; a marriage between Richard and Alys would therefore have been technically impossible for religious reasons of affinity. Marriage Richard had Berengaria brought to him by his mother Eleanor of Aquitaine. Since Richard was already on the Third Crusade, having wasted no time in setting off after his coronation, the two women had a long and difficult journey to catch up with him. They arrived at Messina in Sicily during Lent ( when the marriage could not take place ) in 1191 and were joined by Richard 's sister Joan, the widowed Queen of Sicily. The two women became good friends and Berengaria was left in Joan 's custody. En route to the Holy Land, the ship carrying Berengaria and Joan ran aground off the coast of Cyprus, and they were threatened by the island 's ruler, Isaac Comnenus. Richard came to their rescue, captured the island, and overthrew Comnenus. Berengaria married Richard the Lionheart on 12 May 1191, in the Chapel of St George at Limassol on Cyprus, and was crowned the same day by the Archbishop of Bordeaux and Bishops of Évreux and Bayonne. Queen consort Whether the marriage was ever even consummated is a matter for conjecture. In any case, Richard certainly took his new wife with him for the first part of the Third Crusade. This was unusual, although Richard 's mother and Berengaria 's predecessor, Eleanor of Aquitaine, had, when Queen of France, been with her husband throughout the Second Crusade, though the stresses and disputes of the unsuccessful campaign did serious damage to their relationship. Berengaria returned well before Richard left the Holy Land ; on his return to Europe he was captured and imprisoned. Berengaria remained in Europe, based at Beaufort - en - Vallée, attempting to raise money for his ransom. After his release, Richard returned to England and was not joined by his wife. When Richard returned to England, he had to regain all the territory that had either been lost by his brother John or taken by King Philip of France. His focus was on his kingdom, not his queen. King Richard was ordered by Pope Celestine III to reunite with Queen Berengaria and to show fidelity to her in the future. Richard, now mostly spending his time in France, obeyed and took Berengaria to church every week thereafter. When he died in 1199, she was greatly distressed, perhaps more so at being deliberately overlooked as Queen of England and Cyprus. Some historians believe that Berengaria honestly loved her husband, while Richard 's feelings for her were merely formal, as the marriage was a political rather than a romantic union. Queen dowager Berengaria never visited England during King Richard 's lifetime ; during the entirety of their marriage, Richard spent less than six months in England. There is evidence, however, that she may have done so in the years following his death. The traditional description of her as `` the only English queen never to set foot in the country '' would still be literally true, as she did not visit England during the time she was Richard 's consort. She certainly sent envoys to England several times, mainly to inquire about the pension she was due as dowager queen and Richard 's widow, which King John failed to pay. Although Queen Eleanor intervened and Pope Innocent III threatened him with an interdict if he did not pay Berengaria what was due, King John still owed her more than £ 4000 when he died. During the reign of his son Henry III of England, however, her payments were made as they were supposed to be. Berengaria eventually settled in Le Mans, one of her dower properties. She was a benefactress of L'Épau Abbey in Le Mans, entered the conventual life, and was buried in the abbey. In 1240, Archbishop Rodrigo Jimenez de Rada of Toledo wrote of Berengaria that she lived, `` as a most praiseworthy widow and stayed for the most part in the city of Le Mans, which she held as part of her marriage dower, devoting herself to almsgiving, prayer and good works, witnessing as an example to all women of chastity and religion and in the same city she came to the end of her days with a happy death. '' A skeleton thought to be hers was rediscovered in 1960 during the restoration of the abbey. These remains are preserved beneath the stone effigy of the queen, which is now to be found in the chapter house of the abbey. Historical significance Historian Ann Trindade says about Berengaria that she `` is remembered as a benefactor of several... religious congregations and institutions and was regarded as a model of piety. '' She also states that `` Berengaria 's life illustrates very clearly the constraints under which medieval women, even aristocratic ones, were obliged to live. '' Berengaria 's struggles are a good example of what many women faced in the thirteenth century, and `` those long years of widowhood reveal, on the basis of record, a strong courageous woman, independent, solitary, battling against difficult political and economic circumstances, with little interest in the trappings of courtly existence, sustained by her faith in Christ and her loyalty to the See of St Peter, not afraid to assert her rights against powerful enemies, both lay and clerical. '' Ancestry show Ancestors of Berengaria of Navarre 16. Sancho Garcés ( son of García Sánchez III of Navarre ) 8. Ramiro Sánchez, Lord of Monzón 17. Constance 4. García Ramírez of Navarre 18. Rodrigo Díaz de Vivar ( El Cid ) 9. Cristina Rodríguez Díaz de Vivar 19. Jimena Diaz 2. Sancho VI of Navarre 20. Richer de l'Aigle, Seigneur de l'Aigle 10. Gilbert de l'Aigle, Seigneur de l'Aigle 21. Judith d'Avranches 5. Marguerite de l'Aigle 22. Geoffrey II, Comte de Perche et Mortagne 11. Juliana de Perche 23. Beatrix de Montdidier 1. Berengaria of Navarre 24. William I, Count of Burgundy 12. Raymond of Burgundy 25. Etiennette 6. Alfonso VII of León and Castile 26. Alfonso VI of León and Castile 13. Urraca of León and Castile 27. Constance of Burgundy 3. Sancha of Castile 28. Ramon Berenguer II, Count of Barcelona 14. Ramon Berenguer III, Count of Barcelona 29. Mahalta ( Maud ) Guiscard of Apulia 7. Berenguela of Barcelona 30. Gilbert I of Gévaudan 15. Douce I, Countess of Provence 31. Gerberga of Provence In fiction Novels featuring Berengaria include : Propinquity by John Macgregor The Heart Of The Lion by Jean Plaidy Willow Maid by Maureen Peters My Lord Brother the Lionheart by Molly Costain Haycraft The Lute Player by Norah Lofts Standard of Honor by Jack Whyte The Talisman by Sir Walter Scott Winning His Spurs by G.A. Henty Valentina by Fern Michaels The Queen 's Witch by Cecelia Holland Lionheart by Sharon Kay Penman The Boy Knight by G.A. Henty Queen Without a Country by Rachel Bard Shield of Three Lions by Pamela Kaufman Banners of Gold by Pamela Kaufman Lord of the Flies by William Golding On the stage Holy Warriors by David Eldridge, premiered at Shakespeare 's Globe in July and August 2014. In media The 1935 film The Crusades, starring Loretta Young and Henry Wilcoxon, tells a fictionalized story of Richard and Berengaria 's marriage. The 1954 historical drama film King Richard and the Crusaders, starring George Sanders and Paula Raymond, shows Richard and Berengaria as married and on the Third Crusade. The 1960s ' British television series Richard the Lionheart features their marriage prominently, with Berengaria played by Sheila Whittingham. In the 1923 film Richard the Lion - Hearted, Queen Berengaria is played by Kathleen Clifford. All versions were highly romanticized and are not reliable sources of information about the queen. Berengaria of Navarre was played by Zoë Wanamaker in the BBC 13 - part drama The Devil 's Crown ( 1978 ). Legacy The early 20th - century Cunard passenger liner RMS Berengaria was named in her honour, the first Cunard ship to be named for a British queen. Notes Wikimedia Commons has media related to Berengaria of Navarre. Jump up ^ Hilton, Lisa ( 2008 ). Queens Consort, England 's Medieval Queens. Great Britain : Weidenfeld & Nichelson. p. 142. ISBN 978 - 0 - 7538 - 2611 - 9. Jump up ^ Weir, Alison ( 1999 ). Eleanor of Aquitaine, a Life. London : Jonathan Cape. p. 258. ISBN 0 - 345 - 40540 - 4. Jump up ^ Weir, Alison ( 1999 ). Eleanor of Aquitaine, a Life. London : Jonathan Cape. p. 260. ISBN 0 - 345 - 40540 - 4. Jump up ^ Weir, Alison ( 1999 ). Eleanor of Aquitaine, a Life. London : Jonathan Cape. pp. 265 -- 266. ISBN 0 - 345 - 40540 - 4. Jump up ^ Nicholson, Helen J. ( 1997 ). Chronicle of the Third Crusade : A Translation of the Itinerarium Peregrinorum et Gesta Regis Ricardi. Ashbury, UK : Ashgate. p. 189. ISBN 1 - 85928 - 154 - 0. Jump up ^ Trindade, Anne ( 1999 ). Berengaria : In Search of Richard the Lionheart 's Queen. Dublin, Ireland : Four Courts Press. ISBN 1 - 85182 - 434 - 0. Jump up ^ Trindade, Anne ( 1999 ). Berengaria : In Search of Richard the Lionheart 's Queen. Dublin, Ireland : Four Courts Press. p. 140. Jump up ^ Trindade, Anne ( 1999 ). Berengaria : In Search of Richard the Lionheart 's Queen. Dublin, Ireland : Four Courts Press. p. 23. Jump up ^ Trindade, Anne ( 1999 ). Berengaria : In Search of Richard the Lionheart 's Queen. Dublin, Ireland : Four Courts Press. p. 23. References Ann Trindade ( 1999 ). Berengaria : In Search of Richard 's Queen. ISBN 1 - 85182 - 434 - 0. Archived from the original on 7 March 2014. Retrieved 7 March 2014. Hunt, William ( 1885 ). `` Berengaria ''. In Stephen, Leslie. Dictionary of National Biography. 4. London : Smith, Elder & Co. External links Women 's Biography : Berengaria of Navarre, queen of England, contains several letters to and from Berengaria. The Peerage on Berengaria Berengaria, princess of Navarre Royal titles Vacant Title last held by Eleanor of Aquitaine Queen consort of the English 12 May 1191 -- 6 April 1199 Vacant Title next held by Isabella of Angoulême English royal consorts Ælfgifu of Shaftesbury Æthelflæd of Damerham Ælfgifu Ælfthryth Ælfgifu of York Sigrid the Haughty / Świętosława Ealdgyth Emma of Normandy Edith of Wessex Edith of Mercia Matilda of Flanders Matilda of Scotland Adeliza of Louvain Matilda of Boulogne Geoffrey Plantagenet, Count of Anjou Eleanor of Aquitaine Margaret of France Berengaria of Navarre Isabella of Angoulême Eleanor of Provence Eleanor of Castile Margaret of France Isabella of France Philippa of Hainault Anne of Bohemia Isabella of Valois Joan of Navarre Catherine of Valois Margaret of Anjou Elizabeth Woodville Anne Neville Elizabeth of York Catherine of Aragon Anne Boleyn Jane Seymour Anne of Cleves Catherine Howard Catherine Parr Lord Guildford Dudley Philip II of Spain Anne of Denmark Henrietta Maria of France Catherine of Braganza Mary of Modena George of Denmark Spouses of debatable or disputed rulers are in italics. House of Plantagenet Henry II of England Wife : Eleanor of Aquitaine William IX, Count of Poitiers Henry the Young King Richard I of England Geoffrey II, Duke of Brittany Matilda of England, Duchess of Saxony Eleanor of England, Queen of Castile Joan of England, Queen of Sicily John, King of England Illegitimate : William de Longespée, Earl of Salisbury Geoffrey ( archbishop of York ) Henry the Young King Wife : Margaret of France, Queen of England and Hungary William Plantagenet ( died in infancy ) Richard I of England Wife : Berengaria of Navarre Illegitimate : Philip of Cognac John, King of England Wife : Isabella of Angoulême Henry III of England Richard, 1st Earl of Cornwall Joan of England, Queen of Scotland Isabella of England Eleanor of Leicester Illegitimate : Joan, Lady of Wales Richard FitzRoy Oliver FitzRoy Geoffrey FitzRoy John FitzRoy Henry FitzRoy Osbert Gifford Eudes FitzRoy Bartholomew FitzRoy Maud FitzRoy Isabel FitzRoy Philip FitzRoy William de Forz Henry III of England Wife : Eleanor of Provence Edward I of England Margaret of England Beatrice of England Edmund Crouchback Katherine of England Edward I of England Wives : Eleanor of Castile Margaret of France, Queen of England Eleanor of England, Countess of Bar Joan, Countess of Hertford and Gloucester Alphonso, Earl of Chester Margaret of England, Duchess of Brabant Mary of Woodstock Elizabeth of Rhuddlan Edward II of England Thomas of Brotherton, 1st Earl of Norfolk Edmund of Woodstock, 1st Earl of Kent Edward II of England Wife : Isabella of France Edward III of England John of Eltham, Earl of Cornwall Eleanor of Woodstock Joan of the Tower Edward III of England Wife : Philippa of Hainault Edward the Black Prince Isabella de Coucy Joan of England ( 1335 -- 1348 ) Lionel of Antwerp, 1st Duke of Clarence John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster Edmund of Langley, 1st Duke of York Mary of Waltham Margaret, Countess of Pembroke Thomas of Woodstock, 1st Duke of Gloucester Richard II of England Wives : Anne of Bohemia Isabella of Valois Henry IV of England Wives : Mary de Bohun Joan of Navarre, Queen of England Henry V of England Thomas of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Clarence John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford Humphrey of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Gloucester Blanche of England Philippa of England Henry V of England Wife : Catherine of Valois Henry VI of England Henry VI of England Wife : Margaret of Anjou Edward of Westminster, Prince of Wales Edward IV of England Wife : Elizabeth Woodville Elizabeth of York Mary of York Cecily of York Edward V of England Richard of Shrewsbury, 1st Duke of York Anne of York, Lady Howard Catherine of York Bridget of York Illegitimate : Elizabeth Arthur Plantagenet, 1st Viscount Lisle Grace Mary John Tuchet, 6th Baron Audley unnamed Edward V of England no consort or issue Richard III of England Wife : Anne Neville Edward of Middleham, Prince of Wales Illegitimate : John of Gloucester Katherine, Countess of Pembroke Richard of Eastwell WorldCat Identities GND : 122588347 ISNI : 0000 0000 4320 9200 LCCN : n96068054 SUDOC : 060900849 VIAF : 265117591 12th and 13th - century wife and queen of King Richard I of England Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Berengaria_of_Navarre&oldid=862468932 '' Categories : English royal consorts 12th - century births 1230 deaths House of Jiménez Duchesses of Normandy Duchesses of Aquitaine Countesses of Anjou Countesses of Maine Christians of the Crusades 12th - century Spanish people 13th - century Spanish people 12th - century English people 13th - century English people 12th - century English women 13th - century English women Navarrese infantas Richard I of England 12th - century Spanish women 13th - century Spanish women Hidden categories : Articles containing Basque - language text Articles containing Spanish - language text Articles containing French - language text Articles incorporating Cite DNB template Wikipedia articles with GND identifiers Wikipedia articles with ISNI identifiers Wikipedia articles with LCCN identifiers Wikipedia articles with SUDOC identifiers Wikipedia articles with VIAF identifiers Articles with short description Talk Contents About Wikipedia Asturianu Brezhoneg Català Čeština Deutsch Español Esperanto Euskara Français 한국어 Íslenska Italiano ქართული Latina Magyar Nederlands 日本 語 Norsk Polski Português Română Русский Simple English Slovenčina Српски / srpski Svenska ไทย 中文 20 more Edit links This page was last edited on 4 October 2018, at 15 : 36 ( UTC ). 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Question: english queen who never set foot in england
Answer: Berengaria