Camphor - wikipedia Camphor For other uses, see Camphor ( disambiguation ). Camphor ( R ) - ( left ) and ( S ) - camphor Names IUPAC name 1, 7, 7 - Trimethylbicyclo ( 2.2. 1 ) heptan - 2 - one Systematic IUPAC name 1, 7, 7 - ( 1, 7, 7 - trimethylbicyclo ( 2.2. 1 ) heptan - 2 - one Other names 2 - Bornanone ; Bornan - 2 - one ; 2 - Camphanone ; Formosa Identifiers CAS Number 76 - 22 - 2 21368 - 68 - 3 464 - 49 - 3 ( R ) 464 - 48 - 2 ( S ) 3D model ( JSmol ) Interactive image Interactive image 3DMet B04729 Beilstein Reference 1907611 ChEBI CHEBI : 36773 ChemSpider 2441 7822160 ( R ) 9655 ( S ) DrugBank DB01744 ECHA InfoCard 100.000. 860 EC Number 200 - 945 - 0 Gmelin Reference 83275 IUPHAR / BPS 2422 KEGG D00098 MeSH Camphor PubChem CID 2537 9543187 ( R ) 10050 ( S ) RTECS number EX1225000 UNII 5TJD82A1ET UN number 2717 InChI InChI = 1S / C10H16O / c1 - 9 ( 2 ) 7 - 4 - 5 - 10 ( 9, 3 ) 8 ( 11 ) 6 - 7 / h7H, 4 - 6H2, 1 - 3H3 Key : DSSYKIVIOFKYAU - UHFFFAOYSA - N InChI = 1 / C10H16O / c1 - 9 ( 2 ) 7 - 4 - 5 - 10 ( 9, 3 ) 8 ( 11 ) 6 - 7 / h7H, 4 - 6H2, 1 - 3H3 Key : DSSYKIVIOFKYAU - UHFFFAOYAK SMILES CC1 ( C ) C2CCC1 ( C ) C ( = O ) C2 O = C1CC2CCC1 ( C ) C2 ( C ) C Properties Chemical formula C H O Molar mass 152.24 g mol Appearance White, translucent crystals Odor Fragrant and penetrating Density 0.992 g cm Melting point 175 -- 177 ° C ( 347 -- 351 ° F ; 448 -- 450 K ) Boiling point 209 ° C ( 408 ° F ; 482 K ) Solubility in water 1.2 g dm Solubility in acetone ~ 2500 g dm Solubility in acetic acid ~ 2000 g dm Solubility in diethyl ether ~ 2000 g dm Solubility in chloroform ~ 1000 g dm Solubility in ethanol ~ 1000 g dm log P 2.089 Vapor pressure 4 mmHg ( at 70 ° C ) Chiral rotation ( ( α ) ) + 44.1 ° Magnetic susceptibility ( χ ) − 103 × 10 cm / mol Pharmacology ATC code C01EB02 ( WHO ) Hazards EU classification ( DSD ) ( outdated ) F Xn R - phrases ( outdated ) R11 R22 R36 / 37 / 38 S - phrases ( outdated ) S16 S26 NFPA 704 0 Flash point 54 ° C ( 129 ° F ; 327 K ) Autoignition temperature 466 ° C ( 871 ° F ; 739 K ) Explosive limits 0.6 -- 3.5 % Lethal dose or concentration ( LD, LC ) : LD ( median dose ) 1310 mg / kg ( oral, mouse ) LD ( lowest published ) 800 mg / kg ( dog, oral ) 2000 mg / kg ( rabbit, oral ) LC ( lowest published ) 400 mg / m ( mouse, 3 hr ) US health exposure limits ( NIOSH ) : PEL ( Permissible ) TWA 2 mg / m REL ( Recommended ) TWA 2 mg / m IDLH ( Immediate danger ) 200 mg / m Related compounds Related Ketones Fenchone, Thujone Related compounds Camphene, Pinene, Borneol, Isoborneol, Camphorsulfonic acid Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state ( at 25 ° C ( 77 ° F ), 100 kPa ). N verify ( what is ? ) Infobox references Camphor ( / ˈkæmfər / ) is a waxy, flammable, white or transparent solid with a strong aroma. It is a terpenoid with the chemical formula C H O. It is found in the wood of the camphor laurel ( Cinnamomum camphora ), a large evergreen tree found in Asia ( particularly in Sumatra and Borneo islands, Indonesia ) and also of the unrelated kapur tree, a tall timber tree from the same region. It also occurs in some other related trees in the laurel family, notably Ocotea usambarensis. The oil in rosemary leaves ( Rosmarinus officinalis ), in the mint family, contains 10 to 20 % camphor, while camphorweed ( Heterotheca ) only contains some 5 %. Camphor can also be synthetically produced from oil of turpentine. It is used for its scent, as an ingredient in cooking ( mainly in India ), as an embalming fluid, for medicinal purposes, and in religious ceremonies. A major source of camphor in Asia is camphor basil ( the parent of African blue basil ). The molecule has two possible enantiomers as shown in the structural diagrams. The structure on the left is the naturally occurring ( R ) - form, while its mirror image shown on the right is the ( S ) - form. Norcamphor is a camphor derivative with the three methyl groups replaced by hydrogen. Contents 1 Etymology 2 Production 3 Biosynthesis 4 Reactions 5 Physical uses 5.1 Explosives 5.2 Pest deterrent and preservative 6 Culinary uses 7 Medicinal uses 7.1 Physiology 7.2 Traditional uses 7.3 Modern uses 7.4 Regulation 7.5 Hindu religious ceremonies 8 See also 9 References 10 External links Etymology The word camphor derives from the French word camphre, itself from Medieval Latin camfora, from Arabic kafur, ultimately from Sanskrit, कर्पूरम् / karpūram. Camphor was well known in ancient India during the Vedic period. In Old Malay it is known as kapur Barus, which means `` the chalk of Barus ''. Barus was the name of an ancient port located near modern Sibolga city on the western coast of Sumatra island. This port traded in camphor extracted from laurel trees ( Cinnamonum camphora ) that were abundant in the region. Even now, the local tribespeople and Indonesians in general refer to aromatic naphthalene balls and moth balls as kapur Barus. Production A sample of sublimed camphor In the 19th century, it was known that nitric acid oxidizes camphor into camphoric acid. Haller and Blanc published a semisynthesis of camphor from camphoric acid. Although they demonstrated its structure, they were unable to prove it. The first complete total synthesis of camphoric acid was published by Gustaf Komppa in 1903. Its inputs were diethyl oxalate and 3, 3 - dimethylpentanoic acid, which reacted by Claisen condensation to yield diketocamphoric acid. Methylation with methyl iodide and a complicated reduction procedure produced camphoric acid. William Perkin published another synthesis a short time later. Previously, some organic compounds ( such as urea ) had been synthesized in the laboratory as a proof of concept, but camphor was a scarce natural product with a worldwide demand. Komppa realized this and began industrial production of camphor in Tainionkoski, Finland, in 1907. Camphor can be produced from alpha - pinene, which is abundant in the oils of coniferous trees and can be distilled from turpentine produced as a side product of chemical pulping. With acetic acid as the solvent and with catalysis by a strong acid, alpha - pinene readily rearranges into camphene, which in turn undergoes Wagner - Meerwein rearrangement into the isobornyl cation, which is captured by acetate to give isobornyl acetate. Hydrolysis into isoborneol followed by oxidation gives racemic camphor. By contrast, camphor occurs naturally as D - camphor, the ( R ) - enantiomer. Biosynthesis In biosynthesis, camphor is produced from geranyl pyrophosphate, via cyclisation of linaloyl pyrophosphate to bornyl pyrophosphate, followed by hydrolysis to borneol and oxidation to camphor. Reactions Typical camphor reactions are bromination, oxidation with nitric acid, conversion to isonitrosocamphor. Camphor can also be reduced to isoborneol using sodium borohydride. In 1998, K. Chakrabarti and coworkers from the Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata, prepared diamond thin film using camphor as the precursor for chemical vapor deposition. In 2007, carbon nanotubes were successfully synthesized using camphor in chemical vapor deposition process. Physical uses The sublimating capability of camphor gives it several uses. Explosives Camphor is used as a plasticizer for nitrocellulose, an ingredient for fireworks and explosive munitions. During the late 19th Century, as Western manufacturers developed machine guns and other rapid fire ordnance, it became imperative to reduce the smoke that obscured battlefields and revealed hidden gun emplacements. Camphor was an essential component in the production of smokeless gunpowder. Also, the new smokeless powder did not foul the weapons as much as conventional gunpowder. Pest deterrent and preservative Camphor is believed to be toxic to insects and is thus sometimes used as a repellent. Camphor is used as an alternative to mothballs. Camphor crystals are sometimes used to prevent damage to insect collections by other small insects. It is kept in clothes used on special occasions and festivals, and also in cupboard corners as a cockroach repellent. Camphor is also used as an antimicrobial substance. In embalming, camphor oil was one of the ingredients used by ancient Egyptians for mummification. Solid camphor releases fumes that form a rust - preventative coating and is therefore stored in tool chests to protect tools against rust. Culinary uses In ancient and medieval Europe, camphor was used as an ingredient in sweets. It was used in a wide variety of both savory and sweet dishes in medieval Arabic language cookbooks, such as al - Kitab al - Ṭabikh compiled by ibn Sayyâr al - Warrâq in the 10th century, and an anonymous Andalusian cookbook of the 13th century. It also appears in sweet and savory dishes in the Ni'matnama, a book written in the late 15th century for the sultans of Mandu. An early international trade in it made camphor widely known throughout Arabia in pre-Islamic times, as it is mentioned in the Quran 76 : 5 as a flavoring for drinks. By the 13th century, it was used in recipes everywhere in the Muslim world, ranging from main dishes such as tharid and stew to desserts. Currently, alcohol analog of camphor, also known as isoborneol, is used as a flavoring, mostly for sweets, in Asia. It is widely used in cooking, mainly for dessert dishes, in India where it is known as kachha karpooram or `` pachha karpoora '' ( `` crude / raw camphor '' ), in ( Telugu : పచ్చ కర్పూరo ), ( Tamil : பச்சைக் கற்பூரம் ), ( Kannada : ಪಚ್ಚ ಕರ್ಪೂರ ), and is available in Indian grocery stores where it is labeled as `` edible camphor ''. Medicinal uses Physiology Camphor is readily absorbed through the skin, where it selectively stimulates nerve endings sensitive to cold, producing a warm sensation when vigorously applied, or a cool sensation when applied gently. This effect also induces a slight local anesthesia, and has an antimicrobial secondary effect. These effects are particularly noticeable in the lungs and airways if camphor is inhaled as an aerosol. The global effects on the body include tachycardia ( increased heart rate ), vasodilation in skin ( flushing ), slower breathing, reduced appetite, and increased secretions and excretions such as perspiration and urination. The sensation of heat or cold that camphor produces on the skin is caused by activating the ion channel TRPV3. This may account for the antimicrobial effect. Camphor is toxic in large doses. It produces symptoms of irritability, disorientation, lethargy, muscle spasms, vomiting, abdominal cramps, convulsions, and seizures. Lethal doses in adults are in the range 50 -- 500 mg / kg ( orally ). Generally, two grams cause serious toxicity and four grams are potentially lethal. Traditional uses Camphor has been used in traditional medicine from time immemorial in countries where it was native. It was probably the odor of the substance and its decongestant effect that led to its use in medicine. Camphor was used in ancient Sumatra to treat sprains, swellings, and inflammation. It has long been used as a medical substance in ancient India, where it generally goes by the name Karpūra. It has been described in the 7th - century Āyurvedic work Mādhavacikitsā as being an effective drug used for the treatment of fever. The plant has also been named Hima and has been identified with the plant Cinnamomum camphora. According to the Vaidyaka - śabda - sindhu, it is one of the `` five flavours '' used in betel - chewing, where it is also referred to as Candrabhasma ( ' moon powder ' ). Camphor also was used for centuries in Chinese medicine for a variety of purposes. Modern uses Camphor was a component of paregoric, an opium / camphor tincture developed in the 18th century. Paregoric was used in various formulations for hundreds of years. It was a household remedy in the 18th and 19th centuries when it was widely used to control diarrhea in adults and children, as an expectorant and cough medicine, to calm fretful children, and to rub on the gums to counteract the pain from teething. Its use declined in the 20th century after the regulation of opium. Also in the 18th century, camphor was used by Auenbrugger in the treatment of mania, paradoxically by inducing seizures. Based on Hahnemann 's writings, camphor ( dissolved in alcohol ) was successfully used in the 19th century to treat the 1854 - 1855 cholera epidemics in Naples. In the 20th century, camphor was administered orally in small quantities ( 50 mg ) for minor heart symptoms and fatigue. This preparation was sold under the trade name Musterole ; production ceased in the 1990s. Today the main use of camphor is as a cough suppressant and as a decongestant. It is an active ingredient ( along with menthol ) in vapor - steam decongestant products, such as Vicks VapoRub. Regulation In 1980, the US Food and Drug Administration set a limit of 11 % allowable camphor in consumer products, and banned products labeled as camphorated oil, camphor oil, camphor liniment, and camphorated liniment ( except `` white camphor essential oil '', which contains no significant amount of camphor ). Since alternative treatments exist, medicinal use of camphor is discouraged by the FDA, except for skin - related uses, such as medicated powders, which contain only small amounts of camphor. Hindu religious ceremonies Camphor is widely used in Hindu religious ceremonies. It is put on a stand called ' karpur dāni ' in India. Aarti is performed after setting fire to it usually as the last step of puja. See also 1, 4 - Dichlorobenzene Citral Eucalyptol Lavender Vaporizer References Jump up ^ The Merck Index, 7th edition, Merck & Co., Rahway, New Jersey, USA, 1960 Jump up ^ Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, CRC Press, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA ^ Jump up to : `` NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards # 0096 ''. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health ( NIOSH ). ^ Jump up to : `` Camphor ( synthetic ) ''. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health ( NIOSH ). 4 December 2014. Retrieved 19 February 2015. Jump up ^ Mann JC, Hobbs JB, Banthorpe DV, Harborne JB ( 1994 ). Natural products : their chemistry and biological significance. Harlow, Essex, England : Longman Scientific & Technical. pp. 309 -- 11. ISBN 0 - 582 - 06009 - 5. Jump up ^ `` Rosemary ''. Drugs.com. Retrieved 23 July 2016. Jump up ^ Lincoln, D.E., B.M. Lawrence. 1984. The volatile constituents of camphorweed, Heterotheca subaxillaris. Phytochemistry 23 ( 4 ) : 933 - 934 Jump up ^ Camphor at the Online Etymology Dictionary Jump up ^ Drakard, Jane ( 1989 ). `` An Indian Ocean Port : Sources for the Earlier History of Barus ''. Archipel. 37 : 53 -- 82. doi : 10.3406 / arch. 1989.2562. Retrieved 9 October 2015. Jump up ^ Chakrabarti K, Chakrabarti R, Chattopadhyay KK, Chaudhuri S, Pal AK ( 1998 ). `` Nano - diamond films produced from CVD of camphor ''. Diam Relat Mater. 7 ( 6 ) : 845 -- 52. Bibcode : 1998DRM... 7... 845C. doi : 10.1016 / S0925 - 9635 ( 97 ) 00312 - 9. Jump up ^ Kumar M, Ando Y ( 2007 ). `` Carbon Nanotubes from Camphor : An Environment - Friendly Nanotechnology ''. J Phys Conf Ser. 61 : 643 -- 6. Bibcode : 2007JPhCS... 61... 643K. doi : 10.1088 / 1742 - 6596 / 61 / 1 / 129. Jump up ^ Rubinstein, M.A. 2015, Taiwan : A New History, London : Routledge. ISBN 1317459075 Jump up ^ The Housekeeper 's Almanac, or, the Young Wife 's Oracle ! for 1840 !. No. 134. New - York : Elton, 1840. Print. 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University of Philadelphia : Printed by John Thompson. Retrieved January 18, 2013. Jump up ^ `` Camphor overdose ''. Medline. NIH. Retrieved January 19, 2012. Jump up ^ Martin D, Valdez J, Boren J, Mayersohn M ( Oct 2004 ). `` Dermal absorption of camphor, menthol, and methyl salicylate in humans ''. Journal of Clinical Pharmacology. 44 ( 10 ) : 1151 -- 7. PMID 15342616. doi : 10.1177 / 0091270004268409. Jump up ^ Uc A, Bishop WP, Sanders KD ( Jun 2000 ). `` Camphor hepatotoxicity ''. Southern Medical Journal. 93 ( 6 ) : 596 -- 8. PMID 10881777. doi : 10.1097 / 00007611 - 200006000 - 00011. Jump up ^ `` Poisons Information Monograph : Camphor ''. International Programme on Chemical Safety. Jump up ^ Miller, Charles. History of Sumatra : An account of Sumatra. p. 121. Jump up ^ Pearce, J.M.S. ( 2008 ). `` Leopold Auenbrugger : Camphor - Induced Epilepsy -- Remedy for Manic Psychosis ''. European Neurology. 59 ( 1 -- 2 ) : 105 -- 7. PMID 17934285. doi : 10.1159 / 000109581. 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INCHEM at IPCS ( International Programme on Chemical Safety ) NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - Camphor at Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Non-timber forest products Animal products Furs Honey Pine honey Wild game Berries Tree fruit Blackberry Blueberry Bilberry Breadfruit Cocoa bean Coconut Durian Gambooge Huckleberry Jackfruit Juniper berry Lingonberry Raspberry Tamarind Woodland strawberry Edible plants / roots Betel Fiddlehead ferns Mahuwa flowers Sago palm queen Sassafras filé powder root beer Saw palmetto Wild ginseng Mushrooms Bare - toothed russula Bay bolete Birch bolete Cep Chanterelle Honey mushroom Lingzhi Matsutake Meadow mushroom Morel Oyster mushroom Parasol mushroom Red cap Saffron milk cap Slippery jack Truffle Yellow knight Nuts Spices Allspice Areca nut Bay leaf Black pepper Brazil nut Cinnamon Clove Hazelnut Malva nut Nutmeg Pine nut Vanilla Oil Waxes Carnauba Chaulmoogra ( Hydnocarpus wightiana ) Cocoa butter Eucalyptol Eucalyptus Japan wax Kokum Kusum Mahuwa Nagkesar Palm ( kernel ) Pongamia Phulwara Pilu Sal - seed ( Shorea robusta ) Sandalwood Shea butter Tea - seed Tea - tree Vateria indica Resins Benzoin Birch tar Camphor Creosote Frankincense Gamboge Kauri Lacquer Mastic Myrrh Pine tar Pitch Rosin Turpentine Varnish Sap / Gum / etc. Birch syrup Chicle chewing gum Coconut sugar Date sugar Fruit syrup Gum arabic Gutta - percha Kino Latex Maple sugar Maple syrup Palm sugar Palm wine akpeteshie ogogoro Rubber Spruce gum Other Bamboo edible musical instruments textiles Birch bark Birch beer Cork Ferns Forage Gambier Moss Natural dyes henna Peat Quinine Rattan Shellac Tanbark tannin Thatching Tendu leaves Willow bark Related Dehesa ( Iberian agroforestry ) Forest farming / gardening Honey hunting Indian forest produce Mushroom hunting Naval stores Permaforestry Resin extraction Rubber tapping Wildcrafting Forestry portal Trees portal Commons WikiProject Forestry TRP channel modulators TRPA Activators 4 - Hydroxynonenal 4 - Oxo - 2 - nonenal 4, 5 - EET 12S - HpETE 15 - Deoxy - Δ - prostaglandin J2 α - Sanshool ( ginger, Sichuan and melegueta peppers ) Acrolein Allicin ( garlic ) Allyl isothiocyanate ( mustard, radish, horseradish, wasabi ) AM404 Bradykinin Cannabichromene ( cannabis ) Cannabidiol ( cannabis ) Cannabigerol ( cannabis ) Cinnamaldehyde ( cinnamon ) CR gas ( dibenzoxazepine ; DBO ) CS gas ( 2 - chlorobenzal malononitrile ) Curcumin ( turmeric ) Dehydroligustilide ( celery ) Diallyl disulfide Dicentrine ( Lindera spp. ) Farnesyl thiosalicylic acid Formalin Gingerols ( ginger ) Hepoxilin A3 Hepoxilin B3 Hydrogen peroxide Icilin Isothiocyanate Ligustilide ( celery, Angelica acutiloba ) Linalool ( Sichuan pepper, thyme ) Methylglyoxal Methyl salicylate ( wintergreen ) N - Methylmaleimide Nicotine ( tobacco ) Oleocanthal ( olive oil ) Paclitaxel ( Pacific yew ) Paracetamol ( acetaminophen ) PF - 4840154 Phenacyl chloride Polygodial ( Dorrigo pepper ) Shogaols ( ginger, Sichuan and melegueta peppers ) Tear gases Tetrahydrocannabinol ( cannabis ) Thiopropanal S - oxide ( onion ) Umbellulone ( Umbellularia californica ) WIN 55,212 - 2 Blockers Dehydroligustilide ( celery ) Nicotine ( tobacco ) Ruthenium red TRPC Activators Adhyperforin ( St John 's wort ) Diacyl glycerol GSK1702934A Hyperforin ( St John 's wort ) Substance P Blockers DCDPC DHEA - S Flufenamic acid GSK417651A GSK2293017A Meclofenamic acid N - ( p - amylcinnamoyl ) anthranilic acid Niflumic acid Pregnenolone sulfate Progesterone Pyr3 Tolfenamic acid TRPM Activators ADP - ribose BCTC Calcium ( intracellular ) Cold Coolact P Cooling Agent 10 CPS - 369 Eucalyptol ( eucalyptus ) Frescolat MGA Frescolat ML Geraniol Hydroxycitronellal Icilin Linalool Menthol ( mint ) PMD 38 Pregnenolone sulfate Rutamarin ( Ruta graveolens ) Steviol glycosides ( e.g., stevioside ) ( Stevia rebaudiana ) Sweet tastants ( e.g., glucose, fructose, sucrose ; indirectly ) Thio - BCTC WS - 3 WS - 12 WS - 23 Blockers Capsazepine Clotrimazole DCDPC Flufenamic acid Meclofenamic acid Mefenamic acid N - ( p - amylcinnamoyl ) anthranilic acid Nicotine ( tobacco ) Niflumic acid Ruthenium red Rutamarin ( Ruta graveolens ) Tolfenamic acid TPPO TRPML Activators MK6 - 83 PI ( 3, 5 ) P SF - 22 TRPP Activators Triptolide ( Tripterygium wilfordii ) Blockers Ruthenium red TRPV Activators 2 - APB 5 ', 6 ' - EET 9 - HODE 9 - oxoODE 12S - HETE 12S - HpETE 13 - HODE 13 - oxoODE 20 - HETE α - Sanshool ( ginger, Sichuan and melegueta peppers ) Allicin ( garlic ) AM404 Anandamide Bisandrographolide ( Andrographis paniculata ) Camphor ( camphor laurel, rosemary, camphorweed, African blue basil, camphor basil ) Cannabidiol ( cannabis ) Cannabidivarin ( cannabis ) Capsaicin ( chili pepper ) Carvacrol ( oregano, thyme, pepperwort, wild bergamot, others ) DHEA Diacyl glycerol Dihydrocapsaicin ( chili pepper ) Estradiol Eugenol ( basil, clove ) Evodiamine ( Euodia ruticarpa ) Gingerols ( ginger ) GSK1016790A Heat Hepoxilin A3 Hepoxilin B3 Homocapsaicin ( chili pepper ) Homodihydrocapsaicin ( chili pepper ) Incensole ( incense ) Lysophosphatidic acid Low pH ( acidic conditions ) Menthol ( mint ) N - Arachidonoyl dopamine N - Oleoyldopamine N - Oleoylethanolamide Nonivamide ( PAVA ) ( PAVA spray ) Nordihydrocapsaicin ( chili pepper ) Paclitaxel ( Pacific yew ) Paracetamol ( acetaminophen ) Phorbol esters ( e.g., 4α - PDD ) Piperine ( black pepper, long pepper ) Polygodial ( Dorrigo pepper ) Probenecid Protons Rutamarin ( Ruta graveolens ) Resiniferatoxin ( RTX ) ( Euphorbia resinifera / pooissonii ) Shogaols ( ginger, Sichuan and melegueta peppers ) Tetrahydrocannabivarin ( cannabis ) Thymol ( thyme, oregano ) Tinyatoxin ( Euphorbia resinifera / pooissonii ) Tramadol Vanillin ( vanilla ) Zucapsaicin Blockers α - Spinasterol ( Vernonia tweediana ) AMG - 517 Asivatrep BCTC Cannabigerol ( cannabis ) Cannabigerolic acid ( cannabis ) Cannabigerovarin ( cannabis ) Cannabinol ( cannabis ) Capsazepine DCDPC DHEA DHEA - S Flufenamic acid GRC - 6211 HC - 067047 Lanthanum Meclofenamic acid N - ( p - amylcinnamoyl ) anthranilic acid NGD - 8243 Niflumic acid Pregnenolone sulfate RN - 1734 RN - 9893 Ruthenium red SB - 705498 Tolfenamic acid See also : Receptor / signaling modulators Ion channel modulators NDL : 00572270 Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Camphor&oldid=805552188 '' Categories : Antidepressants Pyrotechnic chemicals Cooling flavors Perfume ingredients Ketones Monoterpenes Ayurvedic medicaments Spices Non-timber forest products Cyclopentanes Hidden categories : Chemical articles with multiple compound IDs Multiple chemicals in an infobox that need indexing Chemical articles with multiple CAS registry numbers Chemical articles with multiple PubChem CIDs Articles with changed CASNo identifier ECHA InfoCard ID from Wikidata Chembox having DSD data Articles containing unverified chemical infoboxes Articles containing French - language text Articles containing Latin - language text Articles containing Arabic - language text Articles containing Malay - language text All articles with unsourced statements Articles with unsourced statements from August 2016 Talk Contents About Wikipedia Asturianu Български Català Čeština Dansk Deutsch ދިވެހިބަސް Español Esperanto Euskara فارسی Français Gaeilge ગુજરાતી 한국어 Հայերեն Hrvatski Ido Bahasa Indonesia Italiano עברית Basa Jawa ಕನ್ನಡ Қазақша Кыргызча Latina Latviešu Lietuvių Magyar मैथिली മലയാളം मराठी Nederlands नेपाली 日本 語 Norsk Norsk nynorsk Polski Português Română Русский संस्कृतम् Scots Shqip Slovenčina Slovenščina Српски / srpski Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски Basa Sunda Suomi Svenska Tagalog தமிழ் తెలుగు ไทย Українська Tiếng Việt 粵語 中文 Edit links This page was last edited on 16 October 2017, at 03 : 31. 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Question: what is the meaning of kapur in english
Answer: camphor