Isobutane - wikipedia Isobutane Isobutane Names Preferred IUPAC name Methylpropane Other names Isobutane ( no longer recommended ) Identifiers CAS Number 75 - 28 - 5 3D model ( JSmol ) Interactive image Beilstein Reference 1730720 ChEBI CHEBI : 30363 ChemSpider 6120 ECHA InfoCard 100.000. 780 EC Number 200 - 857 - 2 E number E943b ( glazing agents,... ) Gmelin Reference 1301 KEGG D04623 PubChem CID 6360 RTECS number TZ4300000 UNII BXR49TP611 UN number 1969 InChI InChI = 1S / C4H10 / c1 - 4 ( 2 ) 3 / h4H, 1 - 3H3 Key : NNPPMTNAJDCUHE - UHFFFAOYSA - N SMILES CC ( C ) C Properties Chemical formula Molar mass 58.12 g mol Appearance Colorless gas Odor Odorless Density 2.51 kg / m ( at 15 ° C, 100 kPa ) Melting point − 159.42 ° C ( − 254.96 ° F ; 113.73 K ) Boiling point − 11.7 ° C ( 10.9 ° F ; 261.4 K ) Solubility in water 48.9 mg L ( at 25 ° C ( 77 ° F ) ) Vapor pressure 204.8 kPa ( at 21 ° C ( 70 ° F ) ) Henry 's law constant ( k ) 8.6 nmol Pa kg Magnetic susceptibility ( χ ) - 51.7 10 cm / mol Thermochemistry Specific heat capacity ( C ) 96.65 JK mol Std enthalpy of formation ( Δ H ) − 134.8 -- − 133.6 kJ mol Std enthalpy of combustion ( Δ H ) − 2.86959 -- − 2.86841 MJ mol Hazards Safety data sheet See : data page praxair.com GHS pictograms GHS signal word DANGER GHS hazard statements H220 GHS precautionary statements P210 NFPA 704 0 Flash point − 83 ° C ( − 117 ° F ; 190 K ) Autoignition temperature 460 ° C ( 860 ° F ; 733 K ) Explosive limits 1.4 -- 8.3 % US health exposure limits ( NIOSH ) : PEL ( Permissible ) none REL ( Recommended ) TWA 800 ppm ( 1900 mg / m ) IDLH ( Immediate danger ) N.D. Related compounds Related alkane Isopentane Supplementary data page Structure and properties Refractive index ( n ), Dielectric constant ( ε ), etc. Thermodynamic data Phase behaviour solid -- liquid -- gas Spectral data UV, IR, NMR, MS Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state ( at 25 ° C ( 77 ° F ), 100 kPa ). N verify ( what is ? ) Infobox references Isobutane, also known as i - butane or methylpropane, is a chemical compound with molecular formula C and is an isomer of butane. It is the simplest alkane with a tertiary carbon. Isobutane is used as a feedstock in the petrochemical industry, for example in the synthesis of isooctane. Concerns with depletion of the ozone layer by freon gases have led to increased use of isobutane as a gas for refrigeration systems, especially in domestic refrigerators and freezers, and as a propellant in aerosol sprays. When used as a refrigerant or a propellant, isobutane is also known as R - 600a. Some portable camp stoves use a mixture of isobutane with propane, usually 80 : 20. Contents 1 Nomenclature 2 Uses 3 Refrigerant use 4 References 5 External links Nomenclature The traditional name isobutane was still retained in the 1993 IUPAC recommendations, but is no longer recommended according to the 2013 recommendations. Since the longest continuous chain in isobutane contains only three carbon atoms, the preferred IUPAC name is 2 - methylpropane but the locant ( 2 - ) is typically omitted in general nomenclature as redundant ; C2 is the only position on a propane chain where a methyl substituent can be located without altering the main chain and forming the constitutional isomer n - butane. The two isomers of butane n - Butane Isobutane Uses Isobutane is used as a refrigerant. The use in refrigerators started in 1993 when Greenpeace presented the Greenfreeze project with the German company Foron. In this regard, blends of pure, dry `` isobutane '' ( R - 600a ) ( that is, isobutane mixtures ) have negligible ozone depletion potential and very low global warming potential ( having a value of 3.3 times the GWP of carbon dioxide ) and can serve as a functional replacement for R - 12, R - 22, R - 134a, and other chlorofluorocarbon or hydrofluorocarbon refrigerants in conventional stationary refrigeration and air conditioning systems. In the Chevron Phillips slurry process for making high - density polyethylene, isobutane is used as a diluent. As the slurried polyethylene is removed, isobutane is `` flashed '' off, and condensed, and recycled back into the loop reactor for this purpose. Isobutane is also used as a propellant for aerosol cans and foam products. Isobutane is used as part of blended fuels, especially common in fuel canisters used for camping. Isobutane is also used as a raw material in the manufacture of propylene oxide, where it is oxidized to tert - butyl hydroperoxide and subsequently reacted with propylene to yield propylene oxide. The tert - butanol that results as a by - product is typically used to make gasoline additives such as methyl tert - butyl ether ( MTBE ). Refrigerant use As a refrigerant, isobutane has an explosion risk in addition to the hazards associated with non-flammable CFC refrigerants. Reports surfaced in late 2009 suggesting the use of isobutane as a refrigerant in domestic refrigerators was potentially dangerous. One refrigerator explosion reported in the United Kingdom was suspected to have been caused as a result of isobutane leaking into the refrigerator cabinet and being ignited by sparks in the electrical system. Although unclear how serious this could be, at the time this report came out it was estimated 300 million refrigerators worldwide use isobutane as a refrigerant. Substitution of this refrigerant for motor vehicle air conditioning systems not originally designed for isobutane is widely prohibited or discouraged, on the grounds that using flammable hydrocarbons in systems originally designed to carry non-flammable refrigerant presents a significant risk of fire or explosion. Vendors and advocates of hydrocarbon refrigerants argue against such bans on the grounds that there have been very few such incidents relative to the number of vehicle air conditioning systems filled with hydrocarbons. References ^ Jump up to : Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry : IUPAC Recommendations and Preferred Names 2013 ( Blue Book ). Cambridge : The Royal Society of Chemistry. 2014. p. 652. doi : 10.1039 / 9781849733069 - FP001. ISBN 978 - 0 - 85404 - 182 - 4. The names ' isobutane ', ' isopentane ' and ' neopentane ' are no longer recommended. Jump up ^ `` Solubility in Water ''. PubChem. National Center for Biotechnology Information. Retrieved 6 April 2017. ^ Jump up to : Record in the GESTIS Substance Database of the Institute for Occupational Safety and Health ^ Jump up to : `` NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards # 0350 ''. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health ( NIOSH ). Jump up ^ Patent Watch, July 31, 2006. Jump up ^ Panico, R. ; & Powell, W.H. ( Eds. ) ( 1994 ). A Guide to IUPAC Nomenclature of Organic Compounds 1993. Oxford : Blackwell Science. ISBN 0 - 632 - 03488 - 2. CS1 maint : Multiple names : authors list ( link ) CS1 maint : Extra text : authors list ( link ) http://www.acdlabs.com/iupac/nomenclature/93/r93_679.htm Jump up ^ `` European Commission on retrofit refrigerants for stationary applications '' ( PDF ). Archived from the original ( PDF ) on 2009 - 08 - 05. Retrieved 2010 - 10 - 29. Jump up ^ Page - March 15, 2010 ( 2010 - 03 - 15 ). `` GreenFreeze ''. Greenpeace. Retrieved 2013 - 01 - 02. Jump up ^ Kenneth S. Whiteley ( 2005 ), `` Polyethylene '', Ullmann 's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, Weinheim : Wiley - VCH, doi : 10.1002 / 14356007. a21_487. pub2 Jump up ^ Rietveld, Will ( 2005 - 02 - 08 ). `` Frequently Asked Questions About Lightweight Canister Stoves and Fuels ''. Backpacking Light. Retrieved 2014 - 07 - 26. Jump up ^ Bingham, John ( September 1, 2009 ). `` Exploding fridges : ozone friendly gas theory for mystery blasts ''. The Daily Telegraph. London. Retrieved May 5, 2010. Jump up ^ `` U.S. EPA hydrocarbon - refrigerants FAQ ''. Epa.gov. Retrieved 2010 - 10 - 29. Jump up ^ Compendium of hydrocarbon - refrigerant policy statements, October 2006 Jump up ^ `` MACS bulletin : hydrocarbon refrigerant usage in vehicles '' ( PDF ). Archived from the original ( PDF ) on 2011 - 01 - 05. Retrieved 2010 - 10 - 29. Jump up ^ `` Society of Automotive Engineers hydrocarbon refrigerant bulletin ''. Sae.org. 2005 - 04 - 27. Retrieved 2010 - 10 - 29. Jump up ^ `` Saskatchewan Labour bulletin on hydrocarbon refrigerants in vehicles ''. Labour.gov.sk.ca. 2010 - 06 - 29. Archived from the original on 2009 - 07 - 01. Retrieved 2010 - 10 - 29. Jump up ^ VASA on refrigerant legality & advisability Archived January 13, 2009, at the Wayback Machine. Jump up ^ `` Queensland ( Australia ) government warning on hydrocarbon refrigerants '' ( PDF ). Energy.qld.gov.au. Archived from the original ( PDF ) on 2008 - 12 - 17. Retrieved 2010 - 10 - 29. Jump up ^ `` New South Wales ( Australia ) Parliamentary record, 16 October 1997 ''. Parliament.nsw.gov.au. 1997 - 10 - 16. Archived from the original on 1 July 2009. Retrieved 2010 - 10 - 29. Jump up ^ `` New South Wales ( Australia ) Parliamentary record, 29 June 2000 ''. Parliament.nsw.gov.au. Archived from the original on 22 May 2005. Retrieved 2010 - 10 - 29. External links International Chemical Safety Card 0901 NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards E numbers Colors ( E100 -- 199 ) Preservatives ( E200 -- 299 ) Antioxidants & acidity regulators ( E300 -- 399 ) Thickeners, stabilisers & emulsifiers ( E400 -- 499 ) pH regulators & anticaking agents ( E500 -- 599 ) Flavour enhancers ( E600 -- 699 ) Miscellaneous ( E900 -- 999 ) Additional chemicals ( E1100 -- 1599 ) Waxes ( E900 -- 909 ) Synthetic glazes ( E910 -- 919 ) Improving agents ( E920 -- 929 ) Packaging gases ( E930 -- 949 ) Sweeteners ( E950 -- 969 ) Foaming agents ( E990 -- 999 ) Calcium peroxide ( E930 ) Argon ( E938 ) Helium ( E939 ) Dichlorodifluoromethane ( E940 ) Nitrogen ( E941 ) Nitrous oxide ( E942 ) Butane ( E943a ) Isobutane ( E943b ) Propane ( E944 ) Oxygen ( E948 ) Hydrogen ( E949 ) GND : 4127620 - 6 Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Isobutane&oldid=814204677 '' Categories : Alkanes Refrigerants Propellants Hidden categories : CS1 maint : Multiple names : authors list CS1 maint : Extra text : authors list Webarchive template wayback links Articles without InChI source ECHA InfoCard ID from Wikidata E number from Wikidata Articles with changed KEGG identifier Chembox having GHS data Chemical articles having a data page Articles containing unverified chemical infoboxes Wikipedia articles with GND identifiers Talk Contents About Wikipedia Bân - lâm - gú Català Čeština Dansk Deutsch Eesti Ελληνικά Español Esperanto Euskara Français 한국어 Hrvatski Bahasa Indonesia Italiano עברית ქართული Кыргызча Lëtzebuergesch Magyar Nederlands 日本 語 Norsk Português Română Русский Slovenčina Slovenščina Српски / srpski Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски Suomi Svenska Українська Tiếng Việt 中文 Edit links This page was last edited on 7 December 2017, at 12 : 45. 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Question: which alkane is the isomer of butane called 2-methylpropane
Answer: Isobutane, also known as i-butane or methylpropane