Treaty of Amiens - wikipedia Treaty of Amiens For the 1423 treaty, see Treaty of Amiens ( 1423 ). Treaty of Amiens `` Definitive Treaty of Peace '' James Gillray, The first Kiss this Ten Years ! -- or -- the meeting of Britannia & Citizen François ( 1803 ) Type Peace treaty Signed 25 March 1802 Location Amiens, France Effective 25 March 1802 Expiration 18 May 1803 Signatories Joseph Bonaparte for the French Republic Marquess Cornwallis for Britain José Nicolás de Azara for the Kingdom of Spain Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck for the Batavian Republic Language English, French The Treaty of Amiens ( French : la paix d'Amiens ) temporarily ended hostilities between the France and the United Kingdom during the French Revolutionary Wars. It was signed in the city of Amiens on 25 March 1802 ( 4 Germinal X in the French Revolutionary calendar ) by Joseph Bonaparte and Marquess Cornwallis as a `` Definitive Treaty of Peace. '' The consequent peace lasted only one year ( 18 May 1803 ) and was the only period of general peace in Europe between 1793 and 1814. Under the treaty, Britain recognised the French Republic. Together with the Treaty of Lunéville ( 1801 ), the Treaty of Amiens marked the end of the Second Coalition, which had waged war against Revolutionary France since 1798. Contents 1 Early diplomacy 2 Final negotiations 3 Terms 4 Amiens interlude 5 Breakdown 6 War 7 Notes 8 References 9 Further reading Early diplomacy This section needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. ( March 2018 ) The War of the Second Coalition started well for the coalition, with successes in Egypt, Italy and Germany. After France 's victories at the Battles of Marengo and Hohenlinden, Austria, Russia and Naples sued for peace, with Austria eventually signing the Treaty of Lunéville. Horatio Nelson 's victory at the Battle of Copenhagen on 2 April 1801 halted the creation of the League of Armed Neutrality and led to a negotiated ceasefire. The French First Consul, Napoleon Bonaparte, first made truce proposals to British foreign secretary Lord Grenville as early as 1799. Because of the hardline stance of Grenville and Prime Minister William Pitt the Younger, their distrust of Bonaparte and obvious defects in the proposals, they were rejected out of hand. However, Pitt resigned in February 1801 over domestic issues and was replaced by the more accommodating Henry Addington. At that point, according to Schroeder, Britain was motivated by the danger of a war with Russia. Addington 's foreign secretary, Robert Jenkinson, Lord Hawkesbury, immediately opened communications with Louis Guillaume Otto, the French commissary for prisoners of war in London through whom Bonaparte had made his earlier proposals. Hawkesbury stated that he wanted to open discussions on terms for a peace agreement. Otto, generally under detailed instructions from Bonaparte, engaged in negotiations with Hawkesbury in mid-1801. Unhappy with the dialogue with Otto, Hawkesbury sent diplomat Anthony Merry to Paris, who opened a second line of communications with the French foreign minister, Talleyrand. By mid-September, written negotiations had progressed to the point that Hawkesbury and Otto met to draft a preliminary agreement. On 30 September, they signed the preliminary agreement in London, which was published the next day. Britain 's foreign secretary Robert Jenkinson, Lord Hawkesbury, portrait by Thomas Lawrence The terms of the preliminary agreement required Britain to restore most of the French colonial possessions that it had captured since 1794, to evacuate Malta and to withdraw from other occupied Mediterranean ports. Malta was to be restored to the Order of St. John, whose sovereignty was to be guaranteed by one or more powers, to be determined at the final peace. France was to restore Egypt to Ottoman control, to withdraw from most of the Italian peninsula and to agree to preserve Portuguese sovereignty. Ceylon, previously a Dutch territory, was to remain with the British, and Newfoundland fishery rights were to be restored to their prewar status. Britain was also to recognise the Seven Islands Republic, established by France on islands in the Ionian Sea that are now part of Greece. Both sides were to be allowed access to the outposts on the Cape of Good Hope. In a blow to Spain, the preliminary agreement included a secret clause in which Trinidad was to remain with Britain. News of the preliminary peace was greeted in Britain with illuminations and fireworks. Peace, it was thought in Britain, would lead to the withdrawal of the income tax imposed by Pitt, a reduction of grain prices and a revival of markets. Final negotiations In November 1801, Cornwallis was sent to France with plenipotentiary powers to negotiate a final agreement. The expectation among the British populace that peace was at hand put enormous pressure on Cornwallis, something that Bonaparte realised and capitalised on. The French negotiators, Napoleon 's brother Joseph as well as Talleyrand, constantly shifted their positions, leaving Cornwallis to write, `` I feel it as the most unpleasant circumstance attending this unpleasant business that, after I have obtained his acquiescence on any point, I can have no confidence that it is finally settled and that he will not recede from it in our next conversation. '' The Batavian Republic, whose economy depended on trade that had been ruined by the war, appointed Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck, its ambassador to France, to represent it in the peace negotiations. He arrived in Amiens on 9 December. The Dutch role in the negotiations was marked by a lack of respect on the part of the French, who thought of them as a `` vanquished and conquered '' client whose present government `` owed them everything. '' Schimmelpenninck and Cornwallis negotiated agreements on the status of Ceylon, which was to remain British ; the Cape of Good Hope, which was to be returned to the Dutch but to be open to all ; and the indemnification of the deposed House of Orange - Nassau for its losses. However, Joseph did not immediately agree to their terms, presumably needing to consult with the First Consul on the matter. Charles Cornwallis, by John Singleton Copley, c. 1795 In January 1802, Napoleon travelled to Lyon to accept the presidency of the Italian Republic, a nominally - independent French client republic that covered northern Italy and had been established in 1797. That act violated the Treaty of Lunéville, in which Bonaparte agreed to guarantee the independence of the Italian Republic and the other client republics. He also continued to support French General Pierre Augereau 's reactionary coup d'état of 18 September 1801 in the Batavian Republic and its new constitution that was ratified by a sham election and brought the republic into closer alignment with its dominant partner. British newspaper readers followed the events, presented in strong moralising colours. Hawkesbury wrote of Bonaparte 's action at Lyons that it was a `` gross breach of faith '' exhibiting an `` inclination to insult Europe. '' Writing from London, he informed Cornwallis that it `` created the greatest alarm in this country, and there are many persons who were pacifically disposed and who since this event are desirous of renewing the war. '' The Spanish negotiator, the Marquis de Azara, did not arrive in Amiens until early February 1802. After some preliminary negotiations, he proposed to Cornwallis that Britain and Spain make a separate agreement, but Cornwallis rejected that in the belief that would jeopardise the more important negotiations with France. Pressure continued to mount on the British negotiators for a peace deal, in part because budget discussions were underway in Parliament, and the prospect of continued war was another significant factor. The principal sticking point in the late negotiations was the status of Malta. Bonaparte eventually proposed that the British were to withdraw within three months of signing, with control passed back to a recreated Order of St. John, whose sovereignty was to be guaranteed by all of the major European powers. Left unspecified in that proposal was the means by which the Order would be re-established ; it had essentially dissolved upon French seizure of the island in 1798. Furthermore, none of the other powers had been consulted on the matter. Joseph Bonaparte portrait On 14 March, London, under pressure to finalise the budget, gave Cornwallis a hard deadline. He was to return to London if he could not reach an agreement within eight days. Following a five - hour negotiating session that ended at 3 a.m. on 25 March, Cornwallis and Joseph signed the final agreement. Cornwallis was unhappy with the agreement, but he also worried about `` the ruinous consequences of... renewing a bloody and hopeless war. '' Terms Page of the Treaty with the eight seals and the eight signatures of the signatories. The treaty, beyond confirming `` peace, friendship, and good understanding, '' called for the following : The restoration of prisoners and hostages. Britain to return the Cape Colony to the Batavian Republic. Britain to return most of its captured Dutch Guiana to the Batavian Republic. Britain to withdraw its forces from Egypt. Britain to cede Trinidad, Tobago and Ceylon. France to withdraw its forces from the Papal States and the Kingdom of Naples. French Guiana to have its borders fixed. Malta, Gozo and Comino to be restored to the Knights Hospitaller and to be declared neutral. Gibraltar to remain under British rule. Menorca be returned to Spain. The House of Orange - Nassau to be compensated for its losses in the Netherlands. Two days after signing the treaty, all four parties signed an addendum, specifically acknowledging that the failure to use the languages of all of the signatory powers ( the treaty was published in English and French ) was not prejudicial and should not be viewed as setting a precedent. It also stated that the omission of any individual 's titles was unintentional and not intended to be prejudicial. The Dutch and French representatives signed a separate convention, clarifying that the Batavian Republic was not to be financially responsible for the compensation paid to the House of Orange - Nassau. Preliminaries were signed in London on 1 October 1801. King George proclaimed the cessation of hostilities on 12 October. Amiens interlude Upper - class British visitors flocked to Paris in the second half of 1802. William Herschel took the opportunity to confer with his colleagues at the Observatoire. In booths and temporary arcades in the courtyard of the Louvre, the third French exposition des produits français took place on 18 -- 24 September. According to the memoirs of his private secretary, Fauvelet de Bourrienne, Bonaparte `` was, above all, delighted with the admiration the exhibition excited among the numerous foreigners who resorted to Paris during the peace. '' Among the visitors was Charles James Fox, who received a personal tour from Minister Chaptal. Within the Louvre, in addition to the display of recent works in the Salon of 1802, visitors could see the display of Italian paintings and Roman sculptures collected from all over Italy under the stringent terms of the Treaty of Tolentino. J.M.W. Turner was able to fill a sketchbook from what he saw. Even the four Greek Horses of St Mark from Venice, which had been furtively removed in 1797, could now be viewed in an inner courtyard. William Hazlitt arrived at Paris on 16 October 1802. The Roman sculptures did not move him, but he spent most of three months studying and copying Italian masters in the Louvre. The English were not the only ones to profit by the halcyon lull in hostilities. From London, the Russian Simon Vorontsov noted to a correspondent, `` I hear that our gentlemen are making extravagant purchases in Paris. That fool Demidov has ordered a porcelain dinner service every plate of which costs 16 gold louis. '' For those who could not get there, Helmina von Chézy collected her impressions in a series of vignettes contributed to the journal Französische Miscellen, and F.W. Blagdon and John Carr were among those who brought up to date curious English readers, who had felt starved for unbiased accounts of `` a people under the influence ( ) of a political change, hitherto unparalleled... During a separation of ten years, we have received very little account of this extraordinary people, which could be relied on, '' Carr noted in his Preface. A number of French émigrés returned to France, under the terms of relaxed restrictions upon them. French visitors also came to England. Wax artist Marie Tussaud came to London and established an exhibition similar to one she had in Paris. The balloonist André - Jacques Garnerin staged displays in London and made a balloon flight from London to Colchester in 45 minutes. The Spanish economy, which had been badly affected by the war, began to recover with the advent of peace. Much as it had been at the start of the wars in 1793, Spain remained diplomatically caught between Britain and France, but in the period just after the signing of the Treaty of Amiens, a number of actions on the part of the French government antagonzed the Spanish. France 's unwillingness to block the cession of Trinidad to Britain was one of the things that most irritated King Carlos IV. Spanish economic interests were further injured when Bonaparte sold Louisiana to the United States, whose merchants competed with those of Spain. Following that sale, Carlos wrote that he was prepared to throw off alliance with France : `` neither break with France, nor break with England. '' Breakdown `` Maniac - raving 's - or - Little Boney in a strong fit '' by James Gillray. His caricatures ridiculing Napoleon greatly annoyed the Frenchman, who did not believe that the British government was uninvolved. Britain ended the uneasy truce created by the Treaty of Amiens when it declared war on France in May 1803. The British were increasingly angered by Napoleon 's re-ordering of the international system in Western Europe, especially in Switzerland, Germany, Italy and the Netherlands. Kagan argues that Britain was irritated in particular by Napoleon 's assertion of control over Switzerland. Furthermore, Britons felt insulted when Napoleon stated that their country deserved no voice in European affairs, even though King George III was an elector of the Holy Roman Empire. For its part, Russia decided that the intervention in Switzerland indicated that Napoleon was not looking toward a peaceful resolution of his differences with the other European powers. Britain was laboring under a sense of loss of control, as well as loss of markets, and was worried by Napoleon 's possible threat to its overseas colonies. McLynn argues that Britain went to war in 1803 out of a `` mixture of economic motives and national neuroses -- an irrational anxiety about Napoleon 's motives and intentions. '' However, it proved to be the right choice for Britain, because in the long run Napoleon 's intentions were hostile to British national interests. Furthermore, Napoleon was not ready for war, and it was the best time for Britain to try to stop him. Britain therefore seized upon the Malta issue by refusing to follow the terms of the Treaty of Amiens that required its evacuation of the island. Schroeder says that most historians agree that Napoleon 's `` determination to exclude Britain from the Continent now, and bring it to its knees in the future, made war... inevitable. '' The British government balked at implementing certain terms of the treaty, such as evacuating their naval presence from Malta. After the initial fervour, objections to the treaty quickly grew in Britain, where it seemed to the governing class that they were making all the concessions and ratifying recent developments. Prime Minister Addington did not undertake military demobilisation, but maintained a large peacetime army of 180,000. Actions taken by Bonaparte after the treaty was signed heightened tensions with Britain and signatories to the other treaties. He used the time of peace to consolidate power and reorganise domestic administration in France and some of its client states. His effective annexation of the Cisalpine Republic and his decision to send French troops into the Helvetian Republic ( Switzerland ) in October 1802, was another violation of Lunéville. However, Britain had not signed the Treaty of Lunéville, and the powers that had signed it tolerated Napoleon 's actions. Tsar Alexander had just congratulated Bonaparte for withdrawing from there and other places, but the Swiss move increased the belief in his cabinet that Bonaparte was not to be trusted. Bonaparte met British protests over the action with belligerent statements, again denying Britain 's right to be formally involved in matters on the continent and pointing out that Switzerland had been occupied by French troops when the treaty was signed. He also demanded for the British government to censor the strongly anti-French British press and to expel French expatriates from British soil. Those demands were perceived in London as affronts to British sovereignty. Bonaparte also took advantage of the loosening of the British blockade of French ports to organise and dispatch a naval expedition to regain control over revolutionary Haiti and to occupy French Louisiana. Those moves were perceived by the British as a willingness by Bonaparte to threaten them on a global stage. Britain refused to remove troops from Egypt or Malta, as agreed upon in the treaty. Bonaparte formally protested the continuing British occupations and, in January 1803 published a report by Horace Sebastiani that included observations on the ease with which France might capture Egypt, alarming most of the European powers. In an interview in February 1803 with Lord Whitworth, Britain 's French ambassador, Bonaparte threatened war if Malta was not evacuated and implied that he could have already retaken Egypt. The exchange left Whitworth feeling he was given an ultimatum. In a public meeting with a group of diplomats the following month, Bonaparte again pressed Whitworth, implying that the British wanted war since they were not upholding their treaty obligations. The Russian ambassador, Arkadiy Ivanovich Morkov, reported the encounter back to St. Petersburg in stark terms. The implicit and explicit threats contained in the exchange may have played a role in Russia 's eventual entry into the Third Coalition. Morkov also reported rumours that Bonaparte would seize Hamburg as well as Hanover if war was renewed. Although Alexander wanted to avoid war, that news apparently forced his hand ; he began collecting troops on the Baltic coast in late March. The Russian foreign minister wrote of the situation, `` The intention already expressed by the First Consul of striking blows against England wherever he can, and under this pretext of sending his troops into Hanover ( and ) Northern Germany... entirely transforms the nature of this war as it relates to our interests and obligations. '' When France moved to occupy Switzerland, the British had issued orders for their military not to return Cape Colony to the Dutch, as stipulated in the Treaty of Amiens, only to countermand them when the Swiss failed to resist. In March 1803, the British ministry received notice that Cape Colony had been reoccupied by the military, and it promptly ordered military preparations to guard against possible French retaliation for the breach of the treaty. They falsely claimed that hostile French preparations had forced them into that action and that they were engaged in serious negotiations. To cover up their deception, the ministry issued a sudden ultimatum to France, demanding an evacuation of Holland and Switzerland and British control of Malta for ten years. The exchange prompted an exodus of foreigners from France, and Bonaparte quickly sold Louisiana to the United States to prevent its capture by Britain. Bonaparte made `` every concession that could be considered as demanded or even imposed by the British government '' by offering to guarantee the integrity of the Ottoman Empire, place Malta in the hands of a neutral third party and form a convention to satisfy Britain on other issues. His rejection of a British offer involving a ten - year lease of Malta prompted the reactivation of the British blockade of the French coast. Bonaparte, who was not fully prepared to resume the war, made moves designed to show renewed preparations for an invasion of Britain. Matters reached a diplomatic crisis point when the British rejected the idea of mediation by Tsar Alexander and, on 10 May, ordered Whitworth to withdraw from Paris if the French did not accede to their demands in 36 hours. Last - minute attempts at negotiation by Talleyrand failed, and Whitworth left France on 13 May. Britain declared war on France on 18 May, thus starting the Napoleonic Wars, which would rage in Europe for the following 12 years. Britain gave its official reasons for resuming hostilities as France 's imperialist policies in the West Indies, Italy and Switzerland. War Main article : War of the Third Coalition On 17 May 1803, before the official declaration of war and without any warning, the Royal Navy captured all the French and Dutch merchant ships stationed in Britain or sailing around, seizing more than 2 million pounds of commodities and taking their crews as prisoners. In response to that provocation, on 22 May ( 2 Prairial, year XI ), the First Consul ordered the arrest of all British males between the ages of 18 and 60 in France and Italy, trapping many travelling civilians. The acts were denounced as illegal by all the major powers. Bonaparte claimed in the French press that the British prisoners that he had taken amounted to 10,000, but French documents compiled in Paris a few months later show that the numbers were 1,181. It was not until the abdication of Bonaparte in 1814 that the last of the imprisoned British civilians were allowed to return home. Addington proved an ineffective prime minister in wartime and was replaced on 10 May 1804 with William Pitt, who formed the Third Coalition. Pitt was involved in failed assassination attempts on Bonaparte 's life by Cadoudal and Pichegru. Napoleon, now Emperor of the French, assembled armies on the coast of France to invade Great Britain, but Austria and Russia, Britain 's allies, were preparing to invade France. The French armies were christened La Grande Armée and secretly left the coast to march against Austria and Russia before those armies could combine. The Grande Armée defeated Austria at Ulm the day before the Battle of Trafalgar, and Napoleon 's victory at the Battle of Austerlitz effectively destroyed the Third Coalition. In 1806, Britain retook the Cape Colony from the Batavian Republic. Napoleon abolished the republic later that year in favour of the Kingdom of Holland, ruled by his brother Louis. However, in 1810, the Netherlands officially became a part of France. Notes Jump up ^ Schroeder ( 1994 ) p 217 Jump up ^ Dorman, p. 281 Jump up ^ Hume, p. 61 Jump up ^ Bryant, p. 388. Jump up ^ Grainger, p. 68 Jump up ^ Blok, p. 342. Jump up ^ Grainger, p. 70 Jump up ^ Bryant, p. 389 Jump up ^ Grainger, p. 72 ^ Jump up to : Bryant, p. 390 Jump up ^ Joseph Bonaparte portrait by Luigi Toro. Jump up ^ Burke, p. 614 Jump up ^ Quoted by Arthur Chandler, `` The Napoleonic Expositions '' Archived 25 November 2003 at Archive.is Jump up ^ Francis Haskell and Nicholas Penny, Taste and the Antique ( Yale University Press ) 1981, pp ch xiv ' The Last Dispersals '. Jump up ^ `` I say nothing of the statues ; for I know but little of sculpture, and never liked any till I saw the Elgin Marbles... Here, for four months together, I strolled and studied. '' ( Hazlitt, Table Talk : '' `` On The Pleasure of Painting '' ). Jump up ^ Quoted in Fernand Braudel, Civilization & Capitalism : III. The Perspective of the World 1984 : 465. Jump up ^ Analyzed in K. Baumgartner, `` Constructing Paris : flânerie, female spectatorship, and the discourses of fashion in Französische Miscellen ( 1803 ) '', ' Monatshefte, 2008 Jump up ^ Blagdon, Paris as it was and as it is : or, A sketch of the French capital, illustrative of the effects of the revolution, with respect to sciences, literature, arts, religion..., ( London 1803 ) Jump up ^ Carr, The stranger in France, or, A tour from Devonshire to Paris, ( London 1803 ). Jump up ^ John Carr described the bustle of returning emigrés on the docks at Southampton. Jump up ^ Grainger, p. 131 Jump up ^ Schneid, pp. 25 -- 26 Jump up ^ Schneid, p. 25 Jump up ^ Schneid, p. 27 - 28 Jump up ^ Schneid, p. 28 Jump up ^ Andrew Roberts, Napoleon : A Life ( 2014 ) p 316 Jump up ^ Frederick Kagan, The End of the Old Order : Napoleon and Europe, 1801 - 1805 ( 2007 ) pp 42 - 43 Jump up ^ McLynn, Napoleon : A Biography ( 1997 ) p. 69 Jump up ^ Schroeder ( 1994 ) p 242 - 43 Jump up ^ Frank O'Gorman, The Long Eighteenth Century, p. 236 Jump up ^ Kagan, p. 40 ^ Jump up to : Kagan, p. 41 ^ Jump up to : Kagan, p. 42 Jump up ^ Grainger, p. 153 ^ Jump up to : Kagan, p. 43 Jump up ^ Kagan, p. 44 Jump up ^ Kagan, p. 46 Jump up ^ Kagan, pp. 46 -- 8. Jump up ^ Kagan, p. 49 Jump up ^ Annual Register ( 1803 ) pp. 273 - 278 Jump up ^ Annual Register ( 1803 ) p. 277 Jump up ^ Pocock, p. 76 Jump up ^ Pocock, p. 77 Jump up ^ Pocock, p. 78 Jump up ^ Illustrated History of Europe : A Unique Guide to Europe 's Common Heritage ( 1992 ) p. 282 Jump up ^ Tom Pocock ( 2005 ). The Terror Before Trafalgar : Nelson, Napoleon, and the Secret War. Naval Institute Press. p. 111. References Blok, Petrus Johannes ( 1912 ). History of the People of the Netherlands. New York and London : G.P. Putnam 's. OCLC 1721795. Bryant, Sir Arthur ( 2009 ) ( 1942 ). The Years of Endurance 1793 -- 1802. Read Books. ISBN 978 - 1 - 4446 - 0013 - 1. OCLC 2745823. Burke, Edmund ( ed ) ( 1803 ). Annual Register, Volume 44. London : Longman and Greens. OCLC 191704722. CS1 maint : Extra text : authors list ( link ) Dorman, Robert Marcus Phipps ( 1902 ). A history of the British empire in the nineteenth century, Volume 1. London : Kegan, Paul, Trench, and Trüber. OCLC 633662790. Dwyer, Philip. Citizen Emperor : Napoleon in Power ( 2013 ) Emsley, Clive. Napoleonic Europe ( Routledge, 2014 ) Esdaile, Charles J. Napoleon 's Wars : And International History : 1803 -- 1815 ( 2007 ) pp 110 -- 53 Grainger, John ( 2004 ). The Amiens truce : Britain and Bonaparte, 1801 -- 1803. Woodbridge, NJ : Boydell Press. ISBN 978 - 1 - 84383 - 041 - 2. OCLC 265440368. Hume, Mark Andrew Sharp ( 1900 ). Modern Spain 1788 -- 1898. New York : G.P. Putnam 's. OCLC 2946787. Kagan, Frederick W ( 2006 ). The End of the Old Order : Napoleon and Europe 1801 -- 1805 ( paperback ed. ). Cambridge, MA : Da Capo Press. pp. 11 -- 50. ISBN 0 - 306 - 81137 - 5. Pocock, Tom ( 2005 ). The Terror Before Trafalgar : Nelson, Napoleon, And The Secret War. Annapolis, MD : Naval Institute Press. ISBN 978 - 1 - 59114 - 681 - 0. OCLC 56419314. Schneid, Frederick C ( 2005 ). Napoleon 's Conquest of Europe : the War of the Third Coalition. Westport, CT : Greenwood Publishing Group. ISBN 978 - 0 - 275 - 98096 - 2. OCLC 57134421. Schroeder, Paul W. The transformation of European politics, 1763 - 1848 ( Oxford : Clarendon Press, 1994 ) Further reading Wikisource has the original text of the treaty : Treaty of Amiens Wikimedia Commons has media related to Treaty of Amiens. Cobbett 's Annual Register 1803 contains much of the correspondence, principally involving French or British participants Cobbett 's Annual Register 1802 contains the treaty text Napoleon 's British visitors contains accounts of British visits to France during the interlude French Revolution Causes Timeline Ancien Régime Revolution Constitutional monarchy Republic Directory Consulate Glossary Journals Museum Significant civil and political events by year 1788 Day of the Tiles ( 7 Jun 1788 ) Assembly of Vizille ( 21 Jul 1788 ) 1789 What Is the Third Estate ? ( Jan 1789 ) Réveillon riots ( 28 Apr 1789 ) Convocation of the Estates - General ( 5 May 1789 ) National Assembly ( 17 Jun -- 9 Jul 1790 ) Tennis Court Oath ( 20 Jun 1789 ) National Constituent Assembly ( 9 Jul -- 30 Sep 1791 ) Storming of the Bastille ( 14 Jul 1789 ) Great Fear ( 20 Jul -- 5 Aug 1789 ) Abolition of Feudalism ( 4 - 11 Aug 1789 ) Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen ( 27 Aug 1789 ) Women 's March on Versailles ( 5 Oct 1789 ) 1790 Abolition of the Parlements ( Feb -- Jul 1790 ) Abolition of the Nobility ( 19 Jun 1790 ) Civil Constitution of the Clergy ( 12 Jul 1790 ) Fête de la Fédération ( 14 Jul 1790 ) 1791 Flight to Varennes ( 20 -- 21 Jun 1791 ) Champ de Mars Massacre ( 17 Jul 1791 ) Declaration of Pillnitz ( 27 Aug 1791 ) The Constitution of 1791 ( 3 Sep 1791 ) Legislative Assembly ( 1 Oct 1791 -- Sep 1792 ) 1792 France declares war ( 20 Apr 1792 ) Brunswick Manifesto ( 25 Jul 1792 ) Paris Commune becomes insurrectionary ( Jun 1792 ) 10th of August ( 10 Aug 1792 ) September Massacres ( Sep 1792 ) National Convention ( 20 Sep 1792 -- 26 Oct 1795 ) First republic declared ( 22 Sep 1792 ) 1793 Execution of Louis XVI ( 21 Jan 1793 ) Revolutionary Tribunal ( 9 Mar 1793 -- 31 May 1795 ) Reign of Terror ( 27 Jun 1793 -- 27 Jul 1794 ) Committee of Public Safety Committee of General Security Fall of the Girondists ( 2 Jun 1793 ) Assassination of Marat ( 13 Jul 1793 ) Levée en masse ( 23 Aug 1793 ) The Death of Marat ( painting ) Law of Suspects ( 17 Sep 1793 ) Marie Antoinette is guillotined ( 16 Oct 1793 ) Anti-clerical laws ( throughout the year ) 1794 Danton and Desmoulins guillotined ( 5 Apr 1794 ) Law of 22 Prairial ( 10 Jun 1794 ) Thermidorian Reaction ( 27 Jul 1794 ) Robespierre guillotined ( 28 Jul 1794 ) White Terror ( Fall 1794 ) Closing of the Jacobin Club ( 11 Nov 1794 ) 1795 Constitution of the Year III ( 22 Aug 1795 ) Conspiracy of the Equals ( Nov 1795 ) Directoire ( 1795 -- 99 ) Council of Five Hundred Council of Ancients 13 Vendémiaire 5 Oct 1795 1797 Coup of 18 Fructidor ( 4 Sep 1797 ) Second Congress of Rastatt ( Dec 1797 ) 1799 Coup of 30 Prairial VII ( 18 Jun 1799 ) Coup of 18 Brumaire ( 9 Nov 1799 ) Constitution of the Year VIII ( 24 Dec 1799 ) Consulate Revolutionary campaigns 1792 Verdun Thionville Valmy Royalist Revolts Chouannerie Vendée Dauphiné Lille Siege of Mainz Jemappes Namur ( fr ) 1793 First Coalition Siege of Toulon ( 18 Sep -- 18 Dec 1793 ) War in the Vendée Battle of Neerwinden ) Battle of Famars ( 23 May 1793 ) Expédition de Sardaigne ( 21 Dec 1792 - 25 May 1793 ) Battle of Kaiserslautern Siege of Mainz Battle of Wattignies Battle of Hondschoote Siege of Bellegarde Battle of Peyrestortes ( Pyrenees ) First Battle of Wissembourg ( 13 Oct 1793 ) Battle of Truillas ( Pyrenees ) Second Battle of Wissembourg ( 26 -- 27 Dec 1793 ) 1794 Battle of Villers - en - Cauchies ( 24 Apr 1794 ) Battle of Boulou ( Pyrenees ) ( 30 Apr -- 1 May 1794 ) Battle of Tournay ( 22 May 1794 ) Battle of Fleurus ( 26 Jun 1794 ) Chouannerie Battle of Tourcoing ( 18 May 1794 ) Battle of Aldenhoven ( 2 Oct 1794 ) 1795 Peace of Basel 1796 Battle of Lonato ( 3 -- 4 Aug 1796 ) Battle of Castiglione ( 5 Aug 1796 ) Battle of Theiningen Battle of Neresheim ( 11 Aug 1796 ) Battle of Amberg ( 24 Aug 1796 ) Battle of Würzburg ( 3 Sep 1796 ) Battle of Rovereto ( 4 Sep 1796 ) First Battle of Bassano ( 8 Sep 1796 ) Battle of Emmendingen ( 19 Oct 1796 ) Battle of Schliengen ( 26 Oct 1796 ) Second Battle of Bassano ( 6 Nov 1796 ) Battle of Calliano ( 6 -- 7 Nov 1796 ) Battle of the Bridge of Arcole ( 15 -- 17 Nov 1796 ) The Ireland Expedition ( Dec 1796 ) 1797 Naval Engagement off Brittany ( 13 Jan 1797 ) Battle of Rivoli ( 14 -- 15 Jan 1797 ) Battle of the Bay of Cádiz ( 25 Jan 1797 ) Treaty of Leoben ( 17 Apr 1797 ) Battle of Neuwied ( 18 Apr 1797 ) Treaty of Campo Formio ( 17 Oct 1797 ) 1798 French invasion of Switzerland ( 28 January -- 17 May 1798 ) French Invasion of Egypt ( 1798 -- 1801 ) Irish Rebellion of 1798 ( 23 May -- 23 Sep 1798 ) Quasi-War ( 1798 -- 1800 ) Peasants ' War ( 12 Oct -- 5 Dec 1798 ) 1799 Second Coalition ( 1798 -- 1802 ) Siege of Acre ( 20 Mar -- 21 May 1799 ) Battle of Ostrach ( 20 -- 21 Mar 1799 ) Battle of Stockach ( 25 Mar 1799 ) Battle of Magnano ( 5 Apr 1799 ) Battle of Cassano ( 27 Apr 1799 ) First Battle of Zurich ( 4 -- 7 Jun 1799 ) Battle of Trebbia ( 19 Jun 1799 ) Battle of Novi ( 15 Aug 1799 ) Second Battle of Zurich ( 25 -- 26 Sep 1799 ) 1800 Battle of Marengo ( 14 Jun 1800 ) Battle of Hohenlinden ( 3 Dec 1800 ) League of Armed Neutrality ( 1800 -- 02 ) 1801 Treaty of Lunéville ( 9 Feb 1801 ) Treaty of Florence ( 18 Mar 1801 ) Algeciras Campaign ( 8 Jul 1801 ) 1802 Treaty of Amiens ( 25 Mar 1802 ) Military leaders French Army Eustache Charles d'Aoust Pierre Augereau Alexandre de Beauharnais Jean - Baptiste Bernadotte Louis - Alexandre Berthier Jean - Baptiste Bessières Guillaume - Marie - Anne Brune Jean François Carteaux Jean Étienne Championnet Chapuis de Tourville Adam Philippe, Comte de Custine Louis - Nicolas Davout Louis Desaix Jacques François Dugommier Thomas - Alexandre Dumas Charles François Dumouriez Pierre Marie Barthélemy Ferino Louis - Charles de Flers Paul Grenier Emmanuel de Grouchy Jacques Maurice Hatry Lazare Hoche Jean - Baptiste Jourdan François Christophe de Kellermann Jean - Baptiste Kléber Pierre Choderlos de Laclos Jean Lannes Charles Leclerc Claude Lecourbe François Joseph Lefebvre Jacques MacDonald Jean - Antoine Marbot Jean Baptiste de Marbot François Séverin Marceau - Desgraviers Auguste de Marmont André Masséna Bon - Adrien Jeannot de Moncey Jean Victor Marie Moreau Édouard Mortier, duc de Trévise Joachim Murat Michel Ney Pierre - Jacques Osten ( fr ) Nicolas Oudinot Catherine - Dominique de Pérignon Jean - Charles Pichegru Józef Poniatowski Laurent de Gouvion Saint - Cyr Barthélemy Louis Joseph Schérer Jean - Mathieu - Philibert Sérurier Joseph Souham Jean - de-Dieu Soult Louis - Gabriel Suchet Belgrand de Vaubois Claude Victor - Perrin, Duc de Belluno French Navy Charles - Alexandre Linois Opposition Austria József Alvinczi Archduke Charles, Duke of Teschen Count of Clerfayt ( Walloon ) Karl Aloys zu Fürstenberg Friedrich Freiherr von Hotze ( Swiss ) Friedrich Adolf, Count von Kalckreuth Pál Kray ( Hungarian ) Charles Eugene, Prince of Lambesc ( French ) Maximilian Baillet de Latour ( Walloon ) Karl Mack von Leiberich Rudolf Ritter von Otto ( Saxon ) Prince Josias of Saxe - Coburg - Saalfeld Peter Vitus von Quosdanovich Prince Heinrich XV of Reuss - Plauen Johann Mészáros von Szoboszló ( Hungarian ) Karl Philipp Sebottendorf Dagobert von Wurmser Britain Sir Ralph Abercromby Admiral Sir James Saumarez Admiral Sir Edward Pellew Prince Frederick, Duke of York and Albany Dutch Republic William V, Prince of Orange Prussia Charles William Ferdinand, Duke of Brunswick - Wolfenbüttel Frederick Louis, Prince of Hohenlohe - Ingelfingen Russia Alexander Korsakov Alexander Suvorov Spain Luis Firmin de Carvajal Antonio Ricardos Other significant figures and factions Society of 1789 Jean Sylvain Bailly Gilbert du Motier, Marquis de Lafayette François Alexandre Frédéric, duc de la Rochefoucauld - Liancourt Isaac René Guy le Chapelier Honoré Gabriel Riqueti, comte de Mirabeau Emmanuel Joseph Sieyès Charles - Maurice de Talleyrand - Périgord Nicolas de Condorcet Feuillants and monarchiens Madame de Lamballe Madame du Barry Louis de Breteuil Loménie de Brienne Charles Alexandre de Calonne de Chateaubriand Jean Chouan Grace Elliott Arnaud de La Porte Jean - Sifrein Maury Jacques Necker François - Marie, marquis de Barthélemy Guillaume - Mathieu Dumas Antoine Barnave Lafayette Alexandre - Théodore - Victor, comte de Lameth Charles Malo François Lameth André Chénier Jean - François Rewbell Camille Jordan Madame de Staël Boissy d'Anglas Jean - Charles Pichegru Pierre Paul Royer - Collard Girondists Jacques Pierre Brissot Roland de La Platière Madame Roland Father Henri Grégoire Étienne Clavière Marquis de Condorcet Charlotte Corday Marie Jean Hérault Jean Baptiste Treilhard Pierre Victurnien Vergniaud Bertrand Barère de Vieuzac Jérôme Pétion de Villeneuve Jean Debry Jean - Jacques Duval d'Eprémesnil Olympe de Gouges Jean - Baptiste Robert Lindet Louis Marie de La Révellière - Lépeaux The Plain Abbé Sieyès de Cambacérès Charles François Lebrun Lazare Nicolas Marguerite Carnot Philippe Égalité Louis Philippe I Mirabeau Antoine Christophe Merlin de Thionville Jean Joseph Mounier Pierre Samuel du Pont de Nemours François de Neufchâteau Montagnards Maximilien Robespierre Georges Danton Jean - Paul Marat Camille Desmoulins Louis Antoine de Saint - Just Paul Nicolas, vicomte de Barras Louis Philippe I Louis Michel le Peletier de Saint - Fargeau Jacques - Louis David Marquis de Sade Georges Couthon Roger Ducos Jean - Marie Collot d'Herbois Jean - Henri Voulland Philippe - Antoine Merlin de Douai Antoine Quentin Fouquier - Tinville Philippe - François - Joseph Le Bas Marc - Guillaume Alexis Vadier Jean - Pierre - André Amar Prieur de la Côte - d'Or Prieur de la Marne Gilbert Romme Jean Bon Saint - André Jean - Lambert Tallien Pierre Louis Prieur Bertrand Barère de Vieuzac Antoine Christophe Saliceti Hébertists and Enragés Jacques Hébert Jacques Nicolas Billaud - Varenne Pierre Gaspard Chaumette Charles - Philippe Ronsin Antoine - François Momoro François - Nicolas Vincent François Chabot Jean Baptiste Noël Bouchotte Jean - Baptiste - Joseph Gobel François Hanriot Jacques Roux Stanislas - Marie Maillard Charles - Philippe Ronsin Jean - François Varlet Theophile Leclerc Claire Lacombe Pauline Léon Gracchus Babeuf Sylvain Maréchal Others Charles X Louis XVI Louis XVII Louis XVIII Louis Antoine, Duke of Enghien Louis Henri, Prince of Condé Louis Joseph, Prince of Condé Marie Antoinette Napoléon Bonaparte Lucien Bonaparte Joseph Bonaparte Joseph Fesch Joséphine de Beauharnais Joachim Murat Jean Sylvain Bailly Jacques - Donatien Le Ray Guillaume - Chrétien de Malesherbes Talleyrand Thérésa Tallien Gui - Jean - Baptiste Target Catherine Théot List of people associated with the French Revolution Influential thinkers Les Lumières Beaumarchais Edmund Burke Anacharsis Cloots Charles - Augustin de Coulomb Pierre Claude François Daunou Diderot Benjamin Franklin Thomas Jefferson Antoine Lavoisier Montesquieu Thomas Paine Jean - Jacques Rousseau Abbé Sieyès Voltaire Mary Wollstonecraft Cultural impact La Marseillaise French Tricolour Liberté, égalité, fraternité Marianne Bastille Day Panthéon French Republican Calendar Cult of the Supreme Being Cult of Reason Temple of Reason Sans - culottes Metric system Phrygian cap Women in the French Revolution Symbolism in the French Revolution Historiography of the French Revolution Influence of the French Revolution Napoleonic Wars Third Coalition Fourth Coalition Peninsular War Fifth Coalition French Invasion of Russia Sixth Coalition Seventh Coalition Belli - gerents France, client states and allies France Polish Legions Italy Holland Etruria Swiss Confederation Naples Confederation of the Rhine Bavaria Saxony Westphalia Württemberg Denmark -- Norway Ottoman Empire Persia Spain Coalition forces United Kingdom Austria Russia Prussia Spain Portugal Sicily Papal States Ottoman Empire Persia Sardinia Sweden Netherlands Brunswick Hanover Nassau French Royalists Major battles Prelude French Revolution First Coalition Second Coalition 18 Brumaire Planned invasion of the United Kingdom Duc d'Enghien Execution Coronation of Napoleon 1805 Diamond Rock Cape Finisterre Wertingen Günzburg Haslach - Jungingen Elchingen Ulm Verona Trafalgar Caldiero Cape Ortegal Amstetten Dürenstein Schöngrabern Austerlitz 1806 Gaeta Campo Tenese Maida Schleiz Saalfeld Jena -- Auerstedt Erfurt Halle Magdeburg Prenzlau Pasewalk Stettin Waren - Nossentin Lübeck Greater Poland uprising Hamelin Czarnowo Golymin Pułtusk 1807 Mohrungen Stralsund Eylau Ostrołęka Kolberg Danzig Mileto Guttstadt - Deppen Heilsberg Friedland Copenhagen Invasion of Portugal 1808 Dos de Mayo Bruch Rosily Squadron Cabezón 1st Zaragoza Valencia Medina de Rioseco Bailén Roliça Vimeiro Pancorbo Valmaseda Burgos Espinosa Tudela Somosierra 2nd Zaragoza Sahagún Benavente 1809 Castellón Uclés Corunna Valls Tyrolean Rebellion Villafranca Yevenes / Yébenes Ciudad Real 1st Porto Medellín Bergisel Sacile Teugen - Hausen Raszyn Abensberg Landshut Eckmühl Ratisbon Neumarkt - Sankt Veit Dalmatian Campaign Ebelsberg Gerona Piave River Grijó 2nd Porto Wörgl Tarvis Aspern - Essling Alcañiz Sankt Michael Stralsund Raab María Graz Wagram Korneuburg Stockerau Gefrees Hollabrunn Schöngrabern Armistice of Znaim Talavera Walcheren Campaign Ölper Almonacid Tamames Ocaña Alba de Tormes 1810 Cádiz Astorga Ciudad Rodrigo Barquilla Côa Almeida Bussaco 1811 Gebora Barrosa Pombal Redinha Casal Novo Campo Maior Sabugal Almeida Fuentes de Oñoro Tarragona Albuera Usagre Saguntum Arroyo dos Molinos Valencia 1812 Ciudad Rodrigo Badajoz Villagarcia Almaraz Maguilla Mir Ekau Salamanca García Hernández Saltanovka Ostrovno Vitebsk Kobryn Klyastitsy Majadahonda Gorodechno Smolensk 1st Polotsk Valutino Mesoten Borodino Burgos Tarutino 2nd Polotsk Venta del Pozo Maloyaroslavets Chashniki Vyazma Smoliani Krasnoi Berezina 1813 Castalla Lützen Bautzen Tarragona Luckau Vitoria San Sebastián Pyrenees Sorauren Großbeeren Katzbach Dresden 1st Kulm San Marcial Dennewitz 2nd Kulm Göhrde Bidassoa Leipzig Hanau Nivelle Bornhöved Sehested 1814 Brienne La Rothière Mincio River Champaubert Montmirail Château - Thierry Vauchamps Garris Mormant Montereau Orthez Bar - sur - Aube Laon Reims Craonne Arcis - sur - Aube Fère - Champenoise Saint - Dizier Montmartre Paris Toulouse Bayonne 1815 Panaro Occhiobello Carpi Casaglia Ronco Cesenatico Pesaro Scapezzano Tolentino Ancona Castel di Sangro San Germano Gaeta Quatre Bras Ligny Waterloo Wavre Rocheserviere La Suffel Rocquencourt Issy Info French and ally military and political leaders Napoleon Louis - Alexandre Berthier Joachim Murat Louis - Nicolas Davout Jean Lannes Auguste de Marmont André Masséna Michel Ney Jean - de-Dieu Soult Marshal Victor Jean - Baptiste Bessières Pierre - Charles Villeneuve Joseph I Louis Bonaparte Jérôme Bonaparte Prince Poniatowski Prince Eugène Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria Frederick Augustus I of Saxony Frederick I of Württemberg Frederick VI of Denmark Coalition military and political leaders Duke of Wellington Rowland Hill John Moore Horatio Nelson Thomas Cochrane Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor Manuel Lapeña Archduke Charles Prince von Schwarzenberg Archduke John of Austria Alexander I of Russia Mikhail Kutuzov Michael Andreas Barclay de Tolly Count Bennigsen Pyotr Bagration Frederick William III of Prussia Gebhard von Blücher Duke of Brunswick Prince of Hohenlohe Ferdinand VII of Spain Miguel de Álava Maria I of Portugal Prince Regent John of Portugal Count of Feira William, Prince of Orange Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies Gustav IV Adolf of Sweden Prince Charles John of Sweden Louis XVIII of France Related conflicts Anglo - Russian War Anglo - Spanish War Anglo - Swedish War Anglo - Turkish War English Wars Gunboat War Dano - Swedish War Finnish War Pomeranian War ( Franco - Swedish War ) Russo - Persian War Russo - Turkish War Spanish American wars of independence Swedish -- Norwegian War War of 1812 Treaties Campo Formio Lunéville Amiens Artlenburg Pressburg Finckenstein Tilsit Cintra Schönbrunn Paris ( 1810 ) Paris ( 1812 ) Tauroggen Ried Chaumont Kiel Mantua Casalanza Paris ( 1815 ) Miscellaneous Bibliography Bourbon Restoration Casualties Congress of Erfurt Continental System Conference of Dresden England expects that every man will do his duty Grande Armée Longwood House Portal Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Treaty_of_Amiens&oldid=862597987 '' Categories : Peace treaties of the French Revolutionary Wars Peace treaties of France Peace treaties of the Netherlands Peace treaties of Spain Napoleonic Wars treaties 1802 in the United Kingdom 1802 in France Amiens Peace treaties of the United Kingdom 1802 treaties Treaties of the French First Republic Treaties of the Batavian Republic Treaties of the United Kingdom ( 1801 -- 1922 ) 1802 in the Batavian Republic March 1802 events Hidden categories : Webarchive template archiveis links EngvarB from April 2014 Use dmy dates from April 2014 Articles needing additional references from March 2018 All articles needing additional references All articles with unsourced statements Articles with unsourced statements from October 2012 CS1 maint : Extra text : authors list Interlanguage link template link number Articles containing French - language text Talk Contents About Wikipedia Wikisource Български Català Dansk Deutsch Eesti Ελληνικά Español Esperanto فارسی Français 한국어 Հայերեն Bahasa Indonesia Italiano Къарачай - малкъар ქართული Latina Magyar മലയാളം Nederlands 日本 語 Norsk Plattdüütsch Polski Português Română Русский Slovenščina Српски / srpski Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски Suomi Svenska Türkçe Українська Tiếng Việt 中文 28 more Edit links This page was last edited on 5 October 2018, at 12 : 17 ( UTC ). Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution - ShareAlike License ; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia ® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization. About Wikipedia

Question: what was the name of the 1802 accord between france and britain
Answer: The Treaty of Amiens