Mahanadi - wikipedia Mahanadi This article is about the river in central India. For the 1994 Tamil film, see Mahanadi ( film ). Mahanadi River sulakh river River The Mahanadi Country India Parts Chhattisgarh, Odisha Regions Dandakaranya, Dakshina Kosala Kingdom, Coastal Plains Administrative areas Raipur, Janjgir, Bilaspur, Sambalpur, Subarnapur, Boudh, Anugul, Cuttack, Banki, Jagatsinghpur, Jharsuguda Tributaries - left Seonath, Mand, Ib, Hasdeo - right Ong, parry river, Jonk, Telen Cities Rajim, Sambalpur, Cuttack, Sonepur, Birmaharajpur, Subalaya, Kantilo, Boudh, Cuttack, Banki Landmarks Satkosia Gorge, Sonapur Lanka, Hookitola Falls Source - location Sihawa, Dhamtari, Dandakaranya, Chhattisgarh, India - elevation 890 m ( 2,920 ft ) - coordinates 20 ° 07 ′ N 81 ° 55 ′ E ﻿ / ﻿ 20.11 ° N 81.91 ° E ﻿ / 20.11 ; 81.91 Mouth - location False Point, Jagatsinghpur, Delta, Odisha, India - elevation 0 m ( 0 ft ) Length 800 to 900 km ( 497 to 559 mi ) Basin 141,600 km ( 54,672 sq mi ) Discharge for False Point, Odisha - average 2,119 m / s ( 74,832 cu ft / s ) - max 56,700 m / s ( 2,002,342 cu ft / s ) The Mahanadi is a major river in East Central India. It drains an area of around 141,600 square kilometres ( 54,700 sq mi ) and has a total course of 858 kilometres ( 533 mi ) Mahanadi is also known for the Hirakud Dam. The river flows through the states of Chhattisgarh and Odisha. Contents 1 Etymology 2 Sources 3 Middle course 4 Mouth 5 Navigation 6 Trade and agriculture 7 Water 8 Floods 9 References 10 Further reading 11 External links Etymology The word Mahanadi is a compound of the Sanskrit words maha ( `` great '' ) and nadi ( `` river '' ). Sources Mahanadi river Mahanadi is a major river with its delta on the east coast Like many other seasonal Indian rivers, the Mahanadi too is a combination of many mountain streams and thus its precise source is impossible to pinpoint. However its farthest headwaters lie 6 kilometres ( 3.7 mi ) from Pharsiya village 442 metres ( 1,450 ft ) above sea level south of Sihawa town in Dhamtari district of Chhattisgarh. The hills here are an extension of the Eastern Ghats and are a source of many other streams which then go on to join the Mahanadi. For the first 80 kilometres ( 50 mi ) of its course, the Mahanadi flows in a northerly direction and drains the Raipur district and touches eastern portions of Raipur city. It is a rather narrow river at this stage and the total width of its valley does not exceed 500 -- 600 metres. Middle course After being joined by the Seonath, the river flows in an easterly direction through the remaining part of its journey. It is joined by the Jonk and Hasdeo rivers here before entering into Odisha after covering about half of its total length. Near the city of Sambalpur, it is dammed by the largest earthen dam in the world, the Hirakud Dam. A composite structure of the earth, concrete and masonry, the dam measures 24 kilometres ( 15 mi ) including the Dykes. It spans two hills ; the Lamdungri on the left and the Chandili Dunguri on the right. It also forms the biggest artificial lake in Asia, with a reservoir holding 743 square kilometres ( 287 sq mi ) at full capacity, with a shoreline of over 640 kilometres ( 400 mi ). After the formation of Chhattisgarh State, the major portion of Mahanadi basin now lies in Chhattisgarh. Presently, only 154 square kilometres ( 59 sq mi ) basin area of Hasdeo River in Anuppur District lies in Madhya Pradesh. Before the construction of the dam in 1953, the Mahanadi was about a mile wide at Sambalpur and carried massive amounts of silt, especially during the monsoon. Today, it is a rather tame river after the construction of the dam and is joined by the Ib, Ong, Tel and other minor streams. It then skirts the boundaries of the Baudh district and forces a tortuous way between ridges and ledges in a series of rapids until it reaches Dholpur, Odisha. The rapids end here and the river rolls towards the Eastern Ghats, forcing its way through them via the 64 kilometres ( 40 mi ) long Satkosia Gorge. The Satakosia Gorge ends at Badamul of Nayagarh. Dense forests cover the hills flanking the river here. The river enters the Odisha plains at Naraj, about 11 kilometres ( 6.8 mi ) from Cuttack, where it pours down between two hills that are a mile apart. A barrage has been constructed here to regulate the river 's flow into Cuttack. Mouth The Mahanadi River Delta at False Point. The river traverses Cuttack district in an east - west direction. Just before entering Cuttack, it gives off a large distributary called the Kathjori. The city of Cuttack stands on the spit separating the two channels. The Kathjori then throws off many streams like the Kuakhai, Devi and Surua which fall into the Bay of Bengal after entering Puri district. The Kathjori itself falls into the sea as the Jotdar. Other distributaries of Mahanadi include the Paika, Birupa, Chitroptala river, Genguti and Lun. The Birupa then goes on to join the Brahmani River at Krushnanagar and enters the Bay of Bengal at Dhamra. The Mahanadi proper enters the sea via several channels near Paradeep at False Point, Jagatsinghpur. The combined Delta of the Mahanadi 's numerous distributaries and the Brahmani is one of the largest in India. Navigation Prior to the construction of Hirakud Dam, the Mahanadi was navigable from its mouth up to Arrang, about a 190 kilometres ( 120 mi ) from its source. However numerous barrages apart from the Hirakud have put an end to that. Today, boats are restricted to the delta region and the Hirakud reservoir. Trade and agriculture Mahanadi River The Mahanadi is an important river in the state of Odisha. This river flows slowly for about 900 kilometres ( 560 mi ) and deposits more silt than any other river in the Indian subcontinent. The cities of Cuttack and Sambalpur were prominent trading places in the ancient world and the river itself has been referred to as the Manada in Ptolemy 's works. However today the Mahanadi valley is best known for its fertile soil and flourishing agriculture. Prior to the Hirakud dacarthe Indian subcontinent. Water Zobra bridge view Average annual surface water potential of 66.9 km3 has been assessed in this basin. Out of this, 50.0 km3 is utilisable water. Culturable area in the basin is about 80,000 square kilometres ( 31,000 sq mi ), which is 4 % of the total culturable area of the country. Present use of surface water in the basin is 17.0 km3. Live storage capacity in the basin has increased significantly since independence. From just about 0.8 km3 in the pre-plan period, the total live storage capacity of the completed projects has increased to 8.5 km3. In addition, a substantial storage quantity of over 5.4 km3 would be created on completion of projects under construction. Additional storage to the tune of over 11.0 km3 would become available on execution of projects under consideration. The hydropower potential of the basin has been assessed as 627 MW at 60 % load factor. At its peak during the monsoon, the Mahanadi has a discharge rate of 2,000,000 cubic feet ( 57,000 m ) per second, almost as much as the much larger Ganges. However owing to its seasonal nature the river is mostly a narrow channel flanked by wide sand banks for most of the year. Floods Mahanadi River near Satkosia Tiger Reserve, Odisha Plum - headed parakeet at Tikarpara on the bank of river Mahanadi. The Mahanadi was notorious for its devastating floods for much of recorded history. Thus it was called ' the sorrow of Orissa '. However the construction of the Hirakud Dam has greatly altered the situation. Today a network of canals, barrages and check dams keep the river well in control. However heavy rain can still cause large scale flooding as evidenced in September, 2008 when 16 people died as the river breached its banks. In 2011, September heavy down pour of rain caused flash flood and many mud dwellings in more than 25 villages above Hirakud Dam which were never affected before, both in Chhattisgarh and Odisha, have melted down due to back water that could not pass through the river. References Jump up ^ Mahanadi River ( river, India ) - Encyclopædia Britannica Jump up ^ Dharmendra Nath Shastri ( 1973 ). Studies in indology. Institute of Indology. p. 146. ^ Jump up to : Imperial Gazetteer2 of India, Volume 16, page 431 - Imperial Gazetteer of India - Digital South Asia Library Jump up ^ and Water Resources of India by Sharad K. Jain, Pushpendra K. Agarwal, Vijay P. Singh Jump up ^ ( 1 ) Archived November 2, 2008, at the Wayback Machine. ^ Jump up to : http://www.riversofindia.in/rivers-flowing-into-bay-of-bengal/mahanadi-river.htm Jump up ^ ( 2 ) Archived November 2, 2008, at the Wayback Machine. Jump up ^ Imperial Gazetteer2 of India, Volume 16, page 432 - Imperial Gazetteer of India - Digital South Asia Library Jump up ^ Research within Academic Books, Articles and Research Topics Questia, Your Online Research Library Jump up ^ `` Archived copy ''. Archived from the original on 2014 - 02 - 22. Retrieved 2014 - 02 - 18. Jump up ^ http://aquarians.hpage.co.in/mahanadi_54159339.html Jump up ^ http://www.firstpost.com/politics/orissa-floods-mahanadi-flows-above-danger-mark-14-lakh-affected-81743.html Further reading The Imperial Gazetteer of India - William Hunter, 1901 The Encyclopædia Britannica - 1911 Ed. The Columbus Encyclopedia External links Wikimedia Commons has media related to Mahanadi River. Rivers Network - Mahanadi river watersheds webmap Odisha Govt. blamed for declining quality of river water Mahanadi River Kayaking on River Mahanadi Hydrography of the Indian subcontinent Inland rivers Beas Betwa Bhagirathi Brahmaputra Chambal Chenab Damodar Godavari Gandaki Ganges Ghaghara Indus Jhelum Kali Kaveri Kosi Krishna Luni Mahanadi Mahaweli Meghna Narmada Padma Ravi Sarasvati Sankosh Sharda Son Sutlej Tapti Yamuna Inland lakes, deltas, etc. Ganges Basin Ganges Delta Indus Delta Dal Lake Pookode Lake Skeleton Lake Chilika Lake Lake Powai Borith Lake Saiful Muluk Gosaikunda Nizam Sagar Red Hills Lake Malampuzha Kerala backwaters Pulicat Lake Coastal Indian Ocean Arabian Sea Bay of Bengal Gulf of Kutch Gulf of Khambhat Gulf of Mannar Laccadive Sea Palk Strait Categories Lakes of Bangladesh / India / Nepal / Pakistan Reservoirs and dams in India Rivers of Bangladesh / Bhutan / India / Nepal / Pakistan Hydrography of Odisha Rivers Bhargavi Baitarani Brahmani Budhabalanga Daya Devi Dhamra Ib Indravati Kadua Kharkai Kuakhai Koina Kolab Kushabhadra Mahanadi Malguni Nagavali Ong Rushikulya Sankh South Karo South Koel Subarnarekha Surubalijora Tel Telen Vamsadhara Lakes Anshupa Chilika Kanjia Waterfalls Badaghagara Barehipani Duduma Phurlijharan Joranda Khandadhar, Kendujhar Khandadhar, Sundagarh Koilighugar Sanaghagara Hot springs Taptapani Deulajhari Atri Tarabalo Beaches Chandipur Gahirmatha Gopalpur - on - Sea Konark Puri Talsari Dams Deras Hirakud Mandira Rengali Bridges Mahanadi Bridge, Boudh Second Mahanadi Rail Bridge Harbours / Ports / Proposed Ports Astaranga Dhamara Gopalpur Kirtania Paradip Related topics Godavari basin Mahanadi - Brahmani - Baitarani basin Hydrography of surrounding areas Andhra Pradesh Chhattisgarh Jharkhand Bengal Hydrography of Chhattisgarh Rivers Hasdeo Ib Indravati Jonk Kanhar Mahanadi Mand Pari Rend Rihand Sabari Sankh Shivnath Sileru Sondur Tandula Waterfalls Chitrakoot Teerathgarh Dams Dudhawa Gangrel Hasdeo Bango Sondur Tandula Related topics Godavari basin Mahanadi - Brahmani - Baitarani basin Son basin Hydrography of surrounding areas Odisha Jharkhand Uttar Pradesh Madhya Pradesh Maharashtra Andhra Pradesh Mahanadi -- Brahmani -- Baitarani basin Rivers Baitarani Bhargavi Brahmani Daya Devi Hasdeo Ib Jonk Kathajodi Koina Kuakhai Kushabhadra Mahanadi Mand North Karo Ong Pairi Sankh Shivnath Sondur Surubalijora South Karo South Koel Tel River Dams, barrages Dudhawa Dam Gangrel Dam Hasdeo Bango Dam Hirakud Dam Mandira Dam Rengali Dam Sondur Dam Geographical features Dandakaranya Dakshina Kosala Chota Nagpur Plateau Western Orissa Mahanadi River Delta Bhitarkanika Mangroves Riparian districts Chhattisgarh Dhamtari Kanker Raipur Janjgir -- Champa Raigarh Jashpur Korba Koriya Surguja Madhya Pradesh Anuppur Jharkhand Gumla Khunti Ranchi West Singhbhum Odisha Jharsuguda Kendujhar Mayurbhanj Sundergarh Boudh Angul Jajpur Cuttack Kendrapara Khordha Jagatsinghpur Puri Languages / people Baiga Bonda Gondi Kol Oraon Munda Santal Hindi Chhattisgarhi Oriya Kosli Coalfields Jhilimili Chirimiri Korba Mand Raigarh Ib Valley Talcher Industries Korba Super Thermal Power Plant Talcher Super Thermal Power Station Talcher Thermal Power Station Transport NH 5 NH 6 NH 42 NH 78 NH 111 Second Mahanadi Rail Bridge Tatanagar -- Bilaspur section and Bilaspur -- Nagpur section of Howrah -- Nagpur -- Mumbai line Jharsuguda -- Vizianagaram line Other basins Damodar Godavari Kosi Narmada Son Eastern Ghats Rivers Champavathi River Godavari Gosthani River Gundlakamma River Kaveri Krishna Kundu River Mahanadi Nagavali River Palar Penner River Ponnaiyar Rushikulya Sabari River Sarada River Sileru River Sweata Nadi Vasishta Nadi Vellar Vamsadhara River Regions Deccan Plateau Kolar Plateau Hills Bilgiri ( Biligirirangan ) Chitteri Erramala Kalrayan Karanthamalai Kolli Lankamalla Mahendragiri Mettur Nallamalla Pachaimalai Palamalai Palkonda Shevaroy Sirumalai Vada Chennimalai Velikonda Waterfalls Agaya Gangai Kiliyur Mayil Uthu Mangalam Periyar Pudur Megan Talakona Falls Ubbalamadugu Falls States Andhra Pradesh Karnataka Odisha Tamil Nadu Telangana West Bengal Parks & Reserves Badrama Wildlife Sanctuary Chilika Bird Sanctuary Coringa Wildlife Sanctuary Gundla Brahmeswaram Wildlife Sanctuary Kambalakonda Wildlife Sanctuary Kanger Ghati National Park Kinnerasani Wildlife Sanctuary Kolleru Lake Bird Sanctuary Krishna Wildlife Sanctuary Koundinya Wildlife Sanctuary Lakhari Valley Wildlife Sanctuary Sri Lankamalleswara Wildlife Sanctuary Nagarjunsagar - Srisailam Tiger Reserve Nalbana Bird Sanctuary Nelapattu Bird Sanctuary Papikonda Wildlife Sanctuary Pulicat Lake Bird Sanctuary Rollapadu Wildlife Sanctuary Simlipal National Park Sri Venkateswara National Park Telineelapuram and Telukunchi Bird Sanctuaries Sunabeda Wildlife Sanctuary Vedanthangal Bird Sanctuary GND : 7535302 - 7 VIAF : 244319737 Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mahanadi&oldid=854010236 '' Categories : Mahanadi River Rivers of Odisha Rivers of Chhattisgarh Rivers of India Hidden categories : Webarchive template wayback links Geobox usage tracking for river type Wikipedia articles with GND identifiers Wikipedia articles with VIAF identifiers Talk Navigation Contents About Wikipedia تۆرکجه বাংলা Беларуская भोजपुरी Български Brezhoneg Català Чӑвашла Čeština Cymraeg Deutsch Español Esperanto Euskara فارسی Français Galego ગુજરાતી 한국어 हिन्दी Italiano ಕನ್ನಡ Lietuvių Magyar മലയാളം मराठी Nederlands Norsk Norsk nynorsk ଓଡ଼ିଆ ਪੰਜਾਬੀ پنجابی Polski Русский ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ Scots Српски / srpski Suomi Svenska தமிழ் తెలుగు ไทย Українська اردو Vepsän kel ' Tiếng Việt 中文 38 more Edit links This page was last edited on 8 August 2018, at 10 : 33 ( UTC ). 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Question: where is river mahanadi located in india map
Answer: 20°07′N 81°55′E﻿ / ﻿20.11°N 81.91°E