Scottish Premiership - wikipedia Scottish Premiership For other uses, see Scottish Premiership ( disambiguation ). Scottish Premiership Founded 2013 ; 5 years ago ( 2013 ) Country Scotland Confederation UEFA Number of teams 12 Level on pyramid Relegation to Scottish Championship Domestic cup ( s ) Scottish Cup League cup ( s ) Scottish League Cup International cup ( s ) UEFA Champions League UEFA Europa League Current champions Celtic ( 5th title ) ( 2017 -- 18 ) Most championships Celtic ( 5 titles ) TV partners Sky Sports BT Sport BBC Scotland Website www.spfl.co.uk 2017 -- 18 Scottish Premiership Aberdeen Dundee Hearts Hibernian Kilmarnock Rangers Ross County St. Johnstone Celtic Hamilton Motherwell Partick Thistle Location of teams in 2017 -- 18 Scottish Premiership The Scottish Premiership, known for sponsorship reasons as the Ladbrokes Premiership, is the top division of the Scottish Professional Football League ( SPFL ), the league competition for men 's professional football clubs in Scotland. The Scottish Premiership was established in July 2013, after the SPFL was formed by a merger of the Scottish Premier League and Scottish Football League. A total of fifteen different clubs have played in the Scottish Premiership since its creation in the 2013 -- 14 season. Celtic are the current league champions, being the only league champion to date since its establishment. Contents 1 Competition format 1.1 Split 1.2 Promotion and relegation 1.3 European qualification 1.4 Financial disparity 2 Clubs 3 Stadiums 4 Statistics 4.1 Championships 4.2 Records and awards 4.3 Top scorers 5 Broadcasting rights 6 Notes 7 References 8 External links Competition format Teams receive three points for a win and one point for a draw. No points are awarded for a loss. Teams are ranked by total points, then goal difference, and then goals scored. At the end of each season, the club with the most points is crowned league champion. If the points, goal difference and goals scored between teams are equal, a playoff game held at a neutral venue shall be played to determine the final placings. The play - off will only occur when the position of the teams affects the outcome of the title, European qualification or relegation and shall not occur otherwise. Split The top flight of Scottish football has contained 12 clubs since the 2000 -- 01 season, the longest period without change in the history of the Scottish football league system. During this period the Scottish Premier League, and now the Scottish Premiership, has operated a `` split '' format. This is used to prevent the need for a 44 - game schedule, based on playing each other four times. That format was used in the Scottish Premier Division in the mid-1980s and early 1990s, but is now considered to be too high a number of games in a league season. A season, which runs from August until May, is divided into two phases. During the first phase, each club plays three games against every other team, either once at home and twice away or vice versa. After this first phase of matches, by which time all clubs have played 33 games, the league splits into two halves - a ' top six ' section and a ' bottom six ' section. Each club proceeds to play a further five matches, one against each of the other five teams in their own section. Points achieved during the first phase of 33 matches are carried forward to the second phase, but the teams compete only within their own sections during the second phase. After the first phase is completed, clubs can not move out of their own half in the league, even if they achieve more or fewer points than a higher or lower ranked team, respectively. At the beginning of each season, the SPFL ' predicts ' the likely positions of each club in order to produce a fixture schedule that ensures the best possible chance of all clubs playing each other twice at home and twice away. This is known as the league seeding and is based on clubs ' performance in the previous season. If the clubs do not finish in the half where they are predicted to finish, then anomalies can be created in the fixture list. Clubs sometimes plays another three times at home and once away ( or vice versa ), or a club can end up playing 20 home ( or away ) games in a season. Promotion and relegation The bottom placed Premiership club at the end of the season is relegated, and swaps places with the winner of the Scottish Championship, provided that the winner satisfies Premiership entry criteria. With the creation of the SPFL, promotion and relegation play - offs involving the top flight were introduced for the first time in seventeen years. The Premiership club in eleventh place plays the Championship play - off winners over two legs, with the winner earning the right to play in the Scottish Premiership the following season, along with the winners of the Scottish Championship. This enables two clubs to be relegated from the Premiership each season, with two being promoted. Prior to the creation of the Scottish Premiership, only a single club could be relegated each season - with only the second tier champions being promoted. The Scottish Football League had used playoffs between its three divisions since 2007. European qualification UEFA Coefficients 2016 -- 17 Rank Association Coefficient 21 Sweden 19.725 22 Israel 19.375 23 Scotland 18.925 24 Cyprus 18.550 25 Norway 18.325 Clubs finishing in the top positions of the Premiership will gain qualification to compete in one of UEFA 's European competitions. UEFA grants European places to the Scottish Football Association, determined by the Scotland 's position in the UEFA coefficients ranking system. The Scottish Football Association in turn allocate a number of these European places to final Scottish Premiership positions. At the end of the 2016 -- 17 season, Scotland was ranked 23rd in Europe - granting them a single side in the UEFA Champions League and three sides in the UEFA Europa League. Currently, the top placed team in the Scottish Premiership gains qualification to the Champions League second qualifying round, whilst the second and third placed teams enter the Europa League at the first qualifying round stage. An additional place in the Europa League second qualifying round is awarded to the winners of the Scottish Cup. Should the winners of that competition have already qualified for European competition, then the second qualifying round place is given to the second placed team in the league, with the third and fourth placed teams entering the first qualifying round. Format changes from the 2018 -- 19 season, will see the Scottish champions enter the Champions League at the first qualifying round. The rounds of entry for the Europa League will remain unchanged by the format changes. Financial disparity The 2017 ' Global Sports Salaries Survey ' report found a large variation between the wages offered by teams in the Scottish Premiership, with champions Celtic paying an average annual salary of £ 735,040, per player, whilst traditional rivals Rangers could only pay £ 329,600 and league runners - up Aberdeen offered £ 136,382. The lowest salary offered by any of the twelve member clubs was Hamilton 's £ 41,488 -- 17 times less than Celtic, whose wages were close to the sum of the other eleven clubs combined. The report stated that this disparity was the third - greatest from the 18 leagues surveyed, and that the Scottish Premiership offered the third - lowest salaries of those leagues ; by contrast, Celtic 's opponents in the Champions League that year paid average wages of £ 6.5 m ( Paris Saint - Germain ) and £ 5.2 m ( Bayern Munich ), seven times higher than the Scottish club. Clubs The clubs listed below have competed in the Scottish Premiership since it was formed in 2013. Clubs currently playing in the league are shown in bold. Club Position in 2017 -- 18 First season in top division First season of current spell in top division Last title Aberdeen 7000200000000000000 ♠ 2nd, Scottish Premiership 1905 -- 06 1905 -- 06 1984 -- 85 Celtic 7000100000000000000 ♠ 1st, Scottish Premiership ( champions ) 1890 -- 91 1890 -- 91 2017 -- 18 Dundee 7000900000000000000 ♠ 9th, Scottish Premiership 1893 -- 94 2014 -- 15 1961 -- 62 Dundee United 7001150000000000000 ♠ 3rd, Scottish Championship 1925 -- 26 -- 1982 -- 83 Hamilton Academical 7001100000000000000 ♠ 10th, Scottish Premiership 1906 -- 07 2014 -- 15 -- Heart of Midlothian 7000600000000000000 ♠ 6th, Scottish Premiership 1890 -- 91 2015 -- 16 1959 -- 60 Hibernian 7000400000000000000 ♠ 4th, Scottish Premiership 1895 -- 96 2017 -- 18 1951 -- 52 Inverness Caledonian Thistle 7001170000000000000 ♠ 5th, Scottish Championship 2004 -- 05 -- -- Livingston 7001140000000000000 ♠ 2nd, Scottish Championship ( promoted ) 2001 -- 02 2018 -- 19 -- Kilmarnock 7000500000000000000 ♠ 5th, Scottish Premiership 1899 -- 1900 1992 -- 93 1964 -- 65 Motherwell 7000700000000000000 ♠ 7th, Scottish Premiership 1903 -- 04 1985 -- 86 1931 -- 32 Partick Thistle 7001110000000000000 ♠ 11th, Scottish Premiership ( relegated ) 1897 -- 98 -- -- Rangers 7000300000000000000 ♠ 3rd, Scottish Premiership 1890 -- 91 2016 -- 17 2010 -- 11 Ross County 7001120000000000000 ♠ 12th, Scottish Premiership ( relegated ) 2012 -- 13 -- -- St Johnstone 7000800000000000000 ♠ 8th, Scottish Premiership 1924 -- 25 2009 -- 10 -- St Mirren 7001130000000000000 ♠ 1st, Scottish Championship ( promoted ) 1890 -- 91 2018 -- 19 -- Stadiums See also : List of Scottish Professional Football League stadiums Aberdeen Celtic Dundee Hamilton Academical Heart of Midlothian Hibernian Pittodrie Stadium Celtic Park Dens Park New Douglas Park Tynecastle Park Easter Road Capacity : 20,866 Capacity : 60,411 Capacity : 11,506 Capacity : 5,510 Capacity : 20,099 Capacity : 20,421 Kilmarnock Livingston Motherwell Rangers St Johnstone St Mirren Rugby Park Almondvale Stadium Fir Park Ibrox Stadium McDiarmid Park St Mirren Park Capacity : 17,889 Capacity : 8,716 Capacity : 13,677 Capacity : 50,817 Capacity : 10,696 Capacity : 8,023 Statistics Championships Main article : List of Scottish football champions Season Winner Runner - up Third Top scorer Players ' Player of the Year Writers ' Player of the Year 2013 -- 14 Celtic Motherwell Aberdeen Kris Commons 27 ( Celtic ) Kris Commons ( Celtic ) Kris Commons ( Celtic ) 2014 -- 15 Celtic Aberdeen Inverness CT Adam Rooney 18 ( Aberdeen ) Stefan Johansen ( Celtic ) Craig Gordon ( Celtic ) 2015 -- 16 Celtic Aberdeen Heart of Midlothian Leigh Griffiths 31 ( Celtic ) Leigh Griffiths ( Celtic ) Leigh Griffiths ( Celtic ) 2016 -- 17 Celtic Aberdeen Rangers Liam Boyce 23 ( Ross County ) Scott Sinclair ( Celtic ) Scott Sinclair ( Celtic ) 2017 -- 18 Celtic Aberdeen Rangers Kris Boyd 18 ( Kilmarnock ) Scott Brown ( Celtic ) Scott Brown ( Celtic ) As of 2018, Scotland 's top - flight league championship has been won 54 times by Rangers and 49 times by Celtic. Nine other clubs have won the remaining 19 championships, with three clubs tied for third place with 4 apiece. The last time the championship was won by a club other than Rangers or Celtic was in 1984 -- 85, by Aberdeen. Records and awards Biggest home win Celtic 8 -- 1 Hamilton Academical, 19 January 2016 Biggest away win Dundee 0 -- 7 Aberdeen, 31 March 2017 Most goals in a game Hibernian 5 -- 5 Rangers, 13 May 2018 Most points in a season 106 ; Celtic, 2016 -- 17 Fewest points in a season 23 ; Heart of Midlothian, 2013 -- 14 ( 15 points were deducted due to Hearts entering administration ) 29 ; Ross County, 2017 -- 18 ( if points deductions are excluded ) Most wins in a season 34 ; Celtic, 2016 -- 17 Fewest wins in a season 6 ; Ross County, 2017 -- 18 Most draws in a season 15, Dundee, 2015 -- 16 Fewest draws in a season 3, St Mirren, 2014 -- 15 Most defeats in a season 26, St Mirren, 2014 -- 15 Fewest defeats in a season 0 ; Celtic, 2016 -- 17 Most goals scored in a season 106 ; Celtic, 2016 -- 17 Fewest goals scored in a season 30 ; St Mirren, 2014 -- 15 Most goals conceded in a season 71, Inverness Caledonian Thistle, 2016 -- 17 Fewest goals conceded in a season 17 ; Celtic, 2014 -- 15 Fastest goal Kris Boyd, for Kilmarnock against Ross County, 10 seconds, 28 January 2017 Highest transfer fee paid Jozo Šimunović, from Dinamo Zagreb to Celtic, £ 5.5 million, 1 September 2015 Highest transfer fee received Virgil van Dijk, from Celtic to Southampton, £ 13 million, 1 September 2015 Most hat - tricks Liam Boyce and Leigh Griffiths, 4 each Youngest player Dean Campbell, for Aberdeen v Celtic, 16 years and 54 days Youngest goalscorer Jack Aitchison, for Celtic v Motherwell, 16 years and 71 days Top scorers As of 25 April 2018 Leigh Griffiths, the Scottish Premiership 's all - time top goalscorer Scotland international Leigh Griffiths is the top goalscorer in the Scottish Premiership era with 73 goals, all for Celtic, followed by Aberdeen 's Adam Rooney with 66. Kris Doolan and Kris Boyd are the only other players to reach 50 goals since the establishment of the Scottish Premiership. Rank Player Club ( s ) Goals Leigh Griffiths Celtic ( 2014 -- ) 73 Adam Rooney Aberdeen ( 2014 -- ) 66 Kris Doolan Partick Thistle ( 2013 -- ) 53 Kris Boyd Kilmarnock ( 2013 -- 14 ; 2015 -- ) 51 5 Liam Boyce Ross County ( 2014 -- 17 ) 48 6 Billy Mckay Inverness Caledonian Thistle ( 2013 -- 15 ; 2016 -- 17 ) Dundee United ( 2015 -- 16 ) Ross County ( 2017 -- ) 45 7 Kris Commons Celtic ( 2013 -- 16 ) 41 8 Niall McGinn Aberdeen ( 2013 -- 17 ; 2018 -- ) 40 9 Steve MacLean St Johnstone ( 2013 -- ) 39 10 Louis Moult Motherwell ( 2015 -- 18 ) 38 Broadcasting rights Main article : List of Scottish Professional Football League broadcasters Notes ^ Jump up to : The Scottish Premiership has only existed since 2013. For a complete record of clubs that have won Scottish league championships, see list of Scottish football champions. Jump up ^ Clubs only include those where players scored goals in the Scottish Premiership. ^ Jump up to : Player also scored goal ( s ) in the Scottish Premier League. References Jump up ^ `` SPFL names Ladbrokes as sponsor in £ 4m deal ''. BBC News. 13 May 2015. Retrieved 13 May 2015. Jump up ^ `` SPFL : New Scottish league brands unveiled ''. BBC Sport. BBC. 24 July 2013. Retrieved 24 July 2013. Jump up ^ `` The Rules and Regulations of the Scottish Professional Football League '' ( PDF ). Scottish Professional Football League. 1 December 2015. pp. 36 -- 7. Retrieved 3 February 2016. ^ Jump up to : Anderson, Craig ( 24 July 2013 ). `` The Scottish Premiership 2013 / 14 in numbers ''. The Scotsman. Johnston Publishing. Retrieved 11 December 2013. ^ Jump up to : Grant, Michael ( 8 August 1999 ). `` SPL stand by their split decision ''. Sunday Herald. Herald & Times Group. Retrieved 11 December 2013. Jump up ^ `` SPFL : Announcement on last round of fixtures delayed until after weekend ''. BBC Sport. 4 April 2018. Retrieved 6 April 2018. Jump up ^ `` Scottish Premiership post-split : Ross County play extra away games ''. BBC Sport. BBC. 13 April 2017. Retrieved 6 April 2018. Jump up ^ McLaughlin, Chris ( 28 June 2013 ). `` The new Scottish Professional Football League survives hitch ''. BBC Sport. BBC. Retrieved 11 December 2013. Jump up ^ McGuiness, Nathan. `` The Scottish Professional Football League ''. Retrieved 6 April 2014. Jump up ^ Campbell, Andy ( 30 April 2013 ). `` Scottish Premier League considers play - off introduction ''. BBC Sport. BBC. Retrieved 11 December 2013. Jump up ^ `` SPFL European qualification ''. Jump up ^ `` Aberdeen, Hearts & Hibernian discover Europa League opponents ''. BBC Sport. 20 June 2016. Retrieved 12 March 2018. Jump up ^ `` Champions League and Europa League changes next season ''. UEFA.com. Union of European Football Associations. 27 February 2018. Retrieved 12 March 2018. Jump up ^ Kassies, Bert ( 4 March 2018 ). `` Qualification for European Cup Football 2018 / 2019 ''. kassiesA. Retrieved 12 March 2018. ^ Jump up to : `` Celtic : PSG average salary almost nine times that of Scottish champions ''. BBC Sport. 27 November 2017. Retrieved 27 November 2017. Jump up ^ `` Aberdeen Football Club ''. Scottish Professional Football League. Retrieved 11 November 2013. Jump up ^ `` Celtic Football Club ''. Scottish Professional Football League. Retrieved 11 November 2013. Jump up ^ `` Dundee Football Club ''. Scottish Professional Football League. Retrieved 11 November 2013. Jump up ^ `` Hamilton Academical Football Club ''. Scottish Professional Football League. Retrieved 11 November 2013. Jump up ^ `` Heart of Midlothian Football Club ''. Scottish Professional Football League. Retrieved 11 November 2013. Jump up ^ `` Hibernian Football Club ''. Scottish Professional Football League. Retrieved 29 May 2017. Jump up ^ `` Kilmarnock Football Club ''. Scottish Professional Football League. Retrieved 11 November 2013. Jump up ^ `` Livingston Football Club ''. Scottish Professional Football League. Retrieved 20 May 2018. Jump up ^ `` Motherwell Football Club ''. Scottish Professional Football League. Retrieved 11 November 2013. Jump up ^ `` Rangers Football Club ''. Scottish Professional Football League. Retrieved 11 November 2013. Jump up ^ `` St Johnstone Football Club ''. Scottish Professional Football League. Retrieved 11 November 2013. Jump up ^ `` St Mirren Football Club ''. Scottish Professional Football League. Retrieved 20 May 2018. Jump up ^ `` Celtic 8 -- 1 Hamilton ''. BBC Sport. BBC. 19 January 2016. Retrieved 20 January 2016. ^ Jump up to : Campbell, Andy ( 21 May 2017 ). `` Celtic 2 -- 0 Heart of Midlothian ''. BBC Sport. BBC. Retrieved 21 May 2017. Jump up ^ `` BBC ''. BBC Sport. Retrieved 4 March 2017. Jump up ^ Jackson, Keith ; Swan, Craig ( 31 August 2015 ). `` Celtic make second £ 4m move for Dinamo Zagreb stopper Jozo Simunovic as Virgil van Dijk finally gets set to seal £ 11m move to Southampton ''. Daily Record. Retrieved 18 April 2016. Jump up ^ `` Celtic agree fee for Dinamo Zagreb defender Jozo Simunovic ''. Sky Sports. 31 August 2015. Retrieved 18 April 2016. Jump up ^ `` Virgil van Dijk : Southampton sign Celtic defender for £ 13m ''. BBC Sport. BBC. 1 September 2015. Retrieved 3 September 2015. Jump up ^ MacArthur, Scott ( 13 May 2017 ). `` Young guns : Dean Campbell becomes Aberdeen 's youngest ever player after cameo against Celtic ''. The Scottish Sun. News Group. Retrieved 29 September 2017. Jump up ^ English, Tom ( 15 May 2016 ). `` Celtic 7 -- 0 Motherwell ''. BBC Sport. BBC. Retrieved 16 May 2016. External links Scottish Premiership -- Official website Scottish Professional Football League `` Scottish Premier League ( 1998 -- 2013 ) Divisions Premiership Championship League One League Two Cup competitions League Cup Challenge Cup 2018 -- 19 Premiership teams Aberdeen Celtic Dundee Hamilton Academical Heart of Midlothian Hibernian Kilmarnock Livingston Motherwell Rangers St Johnstone St Mirren 2018 -- 19 Championship teams Alloa Athletic Ayr United Dundee United Dunfermline Athletic Falkirk Greenock Morton Inverness Caledonian Thistle Partick Thistle Queen of the South Ross County 2018 -- 19 League One teams Airdrieonians Arbroath Brechin City Dumbarton East Fife Forfar Athletic Montrose Raith Rovers Stenhousemuir Stranraer 2018 -- 19 League Two teams Albion Rovers Annan Athletic Berwick Rangers Clyde Cowdenbeath Edinburgh City Elgin City Peterhead Queen 's Park Stirling Albion Former teams East Stirlingshire Seasons 2013 -- 14 2014 -- 15 2015 -- 16 2016 -- 17 2017 -- 18 2018 -- 19 Broadcasters Clubs Foreign players Hat - 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Question: scottish premier league how many teams go down
Answer: 12