Stye - wikipedia Stye This article is about the swelling of an eyelid. For other uses, see Sty ( disambiguation ). Stye Synonyms Sty, hordeolum An external stye on the upper eyelid Pronunciation Stye / ˈstaɪ / hordeolum / hɔːrˈdiːələm / Specialty Ophthalmology Symptoms Red tender bump at the edge of the eyelid Usual onset Any age Duration Few days or weeks Causes Usually bacterial infection by Staphylococcus aureus Similar conditions Chalazion Treatment Warm compresses, antibiotic eye ointment ( edit on Wikidata ) A stye, also known as a hordeolum, is an infection of an oil gland in the eyelid. This results in a red tender bump at the edge of the eyelid. The outside or the inside of the eyelid can be affected. The cause of a stye is usually a bacterial infection by Staphylococcus aureus. The internal ones are due to infection of the meibomian gland while the external ones are due to an infection of the gland of Zeis. A chalazion on the other hand is a blocked oil gland without infection. They are typically in the middle of the eyelid and non painful. Often a stye will go away without any specific treatment in a few days or weeks. Recommendations to speed improvement include warm compresses. Occasionally antibiotic eye ointment may be recommended. While these measures are often recommended evidence to support them is poor. The frequency at which they occur is unclear. They may happen at any age. Contents 1 Signs and symptoms 1.1 Complications 2 Prognosis 3 Cause 4 Prevention 5 Treatment 5.1 Antibiotics 5.2 Procedures 5.3 Alternative medicine 6 Etymology 7 See also 8 References 9 External links Signs and symptoms Stye of the upper eyelid 8 years old boy with an external hordeolum of lower lid The first sign of a stye is a small, yellowish spot at the center of the bump that develops as pus and expands in the area. Other stye symptoms may include : A lump on the top or bottom eyelid Localized swelling of the eyelid Localized pain Redness Tenderness Crusting of the eyelid margins Burning in the eye Droopiness of the eyelid Scratchy sensation on the eyeball ( itching ) Blurred vision Mucous discharge in the eye Irritation of the eye Light sensitivity Tearing Discomfort during blinking Sensation of a foreign body in the eye Complications Stye complications occur in very rare cases. However, the most frequent complication of styes is progression to a chalazion that causes cosmetic deformity, corneal irritation, and often requires surgical removal. Complications may also arise from the improper surgical lancing, and mainly consist of disruption of lash growth, lid deformity or lid fistula. Styes that are too large may interfere with one 's vision. Eyelid cellulitis is another potential complication of eye styes, which is a generalized infection of the eyelid. Progression of a stye to a systemic infection ( spreading throughout the body ) is extremely rare, and only a few instances of such spread have been recorded. Prognosis Although styes are harmless in most cases and complications are very rare, styes often recur. They do not cause intraocular damage, meaning they do not affect the eye. Styes normally heal on their own by rupturing within a few days to a week causing the relief of symptoms, but if it does not improve or it worsens within two weeks, a doctor 's opinion should be sought. Few people require surgery as part of stye treatment. With adequate treatment, styes tend to heal quickly and without complications. The prognosis is better if one does not attempt to squeeze or puncture the stye, as infection may spread to adjacent tissues. Also, patients are recommended to call a doctor if they encounter problems with vision, the eyelid bump becomes very painful, the stye bleeds or reoccurs, or the eyelid or eyes becomes red. Cause Styes are most commonly caused by the blocking of an oil gland at the base of the eyelash. Styes are experienced by people of all ages. Styes can be triggered by poor nutrition, sleep deprivation, lack of hygiene, lack of water, and rubbing of the eyes. Styes often result from a Staphylococcal infection in the eye, and can be secondary to blepharitis or a deficiency in immunoglobulin. Sharing of washcloths or face towels should be curtailed to avoid spreading the infection between individuals. Styes can last from one to two weeks without treatment, or as little as four days if treated properly. Prevention Stye prevention is closely related to proper hygiene. Proper hand washing can reduce the risks of developing not only styes, but also many other types of infections. Upon awakening, application of a warm washcloth to the eyelids for one to two minutes may be beneficial in decreasing the occurrence of styes by liquefying the contents of the oil glands of the eyelid and thereby preventing blockage. To prevent developing styes, it is recommended to never share cosmetics or cosmetic eye tools with other people. People should also keep their eye tools clean and generally practice proper eye hygiene. It is also recommended to remove makeup every night before going to sleep and discard old or contaminated eye makeup. Treatment This section needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. ( May 2011 ) Most cases of styes resolve on their own, without professional care. The primary treatment is application of warm compresses. As a part of self - care at home, people may cleanse the affected eyelid with tap water or with a mild, nonirritating soap or shampoo ( such as baby shampoo ) to help clean crusted discharge. Cleansing must be done gently and while the eyes are closed to prevent eye injuries. People with styes should avoid eye makeup ( e.g., eyeliner ), lotions, and wearing contact lenses, since these can aggravate and spread the infection ( sometimes to the cornea ). People are advised not to lance the stye themselves, as serious infection can occur. Pain relievers such as acetaminophen may be used. Antibiotics Evidence to support the use of antibiotic eye ointment is poor. Occasionally erythromycin ophthalmic ointment is recommended. Other antibiotics, such as chloramphenicol or amoxicillin may also be used. Chloramphenicol is used successfully in many parts of the world, but contains a black box warning in the United States due to concerns about aplastic anemia, which on rare occasions can be fatal. Antibiotics are normally given to people with multiple styes or with styes that do not seem to heal, and to people who have blepharitis or rosacea. Procedures Incision and drainage is performed if resolution does not begin in the next 48 hours after warm compresses are started. Medical professionals will sometimes lance a particularly persistent or irritating stye with a needle to accelerate its draining. Surgery is the last resort in stye treatment. Styes that do not respond to any type of therapies are usually surgically removed. Stye surgery is performed by an ophthalmologist, and generally under local anesthesia. The procedure consists of making a small incision on the inner or outer surface of the eyelid, depending if the stye is pointing externally or not. After the incision is made, the pus is drained out of the gland, and very small sutures are used to close the lesion. Sometimes the removed stye is sent for a histopathological examination to investigate possibility of skin cancer. Alternative medicine A 2017 Cochrane review found low - certainty evidence that acupuncture helps in hordeolum compared with antibiotics or warm compresses. There was also low - certainty evidence that acupuncture plus usual treatment may increase the chance of hordeolum getting better. Etymology The word sty ( first recorded in the 17th century ) is probably a back - formation from styany ( first recorded in the 15th century ), which in turn comes from styan plus eye, the former of which in turn comes from the old English stígend, meaning riser, from the verb stígan, rise ( in Old English G is often a Y sound ). The older form styan is still used in Ulster Scots today. The homonym sty found in the combination pigsty has a slightly different origin, namely it comes from the Old English stí - fearh -- fearh ( farrow ) is the Old English word for pig -- where stig meant hall ( cf. steward ), possibly an early Old Norse loanword, which could be cognate with the word stigan above. The synonym late Latin expression is `` Hordeolum '' a modulation of the word `` Hordeolus '' simply related to `` Horde '' ( barley ), in a resemblance of the growing plant from the seed, in ancient languages, for example Arabic it has the same meaning as a barley fascicle, while in Czech a sty called Ječné zrno ( from Ječmen barley and zrno seed or grain ). See also Boil References ^ Jump up to : `` Hordeolum ( Stye ) ''. PubMed Health. Archived from the original on 8 September 2017. Retrieved 14 October 2016. ^ Jump up to : Ferri, Fred F. ( 2016 ). Ferri 's Clinical Advisor 2017 : 5 Books in 1. Elsevier Health Sciences. p. 1219. ISBN 9780323448383. Archived from the original on 2016 - 10 - 18. ^ Jump up to : Lindsley K, Nichols JJ, Dickersin K ( 2017 ). `` Non-surgical interventions for acute internal hordeolum ''. Cochrane Database Syst Rev ( 1 ) : CD007742. PMID 28068454. doi : 10.1002 / 14651858. CD007742. pub4. CS1 maint : Multiple names : authors list ( link ) ^ Jump up to : `` Eyelid Disorders Chalazion & Stye ''. NEI. 4 May 2010. Archived from the original on 18 October 2016. Retrieved 14 October 2016. ^ Jump up to : Carlisle, RT ; Digiovanni, J ( 15 July 2015 ). `` Differential Diagnosis of the Swollen Red Eyelid. ''. American family physician. 92 ( 2 ) : 106 -- 12. PMID 26176369. ^ Jump up to : Deibel, JP ; Cowling, K ( May 2013 ). `` Ocular inflammation and infection. ''. Emergency medicine clinics of North America. 31 ( 2 ) : 387 -- 97. PMID 23601478. doi : 10.1016 / j. emc. 2013.01. 006. Jump up ^ `` What are the signs and symptoms of a sty ? ''. Archived from the original on 2010 - 04 - 07. Retrieved 2010 - 04 - 06. Jump up ^ `` Stye Symptoms ''. Archived from the original on 2010 - 04 - 06. Retrieved 2010 - 04 - 06. Jump up ^ `` Symptoms ''. Archived from the original on 2010 - 03 - 07. Retrieved 2010 - 04 - 06. Jump up ^ `` Hordeolum and Stye : Follow - up ''. Archived from the original on 2010 - 04 - 09. Retrieved 2010 - 04 - 06. Jump up ^ `` What is the prognosis ( outcome ) of a sty ? ''. Archived from the original on 2010 - 04 - 12. Retrieved 2010 - 04 - 06. Jump up ^ `` Eyelid bump ''. Archived from the original on 2010 - 04 - 10. Retrieved 2010 - 04 - 06. Jump up ^ `` Styes ''. primehealthchannel. Simran Goyal. Archived from the original on 29 November 2014. Retrieved 20 November 2014. Jump up ^ Tamparo, Carol ; Lewis, Marcia ( 2011 ). Diseases of the Human Body. Philadelphia, PA : F.A Davis Company. p. 504. ISBN 978 - 0 - 8036 - 2505 - 1. Jump up ^ `` Are styes contagious ? - Doctors Lounge ( TM ) ''. doctorslounge.com. Archived from the original on 2010 - 02 - 16. Jump up ^ `` Are Styes Contagious ? ''. iVillage. Archived from the original on 2009 - 06 - 03. Jump up ^ VisionWeb Archived 2007 - 02 - 20 at the Wayback Machine. Jump up ^ `` Prevention ''. Archived from the original on 2010 - 04 - 10. Retrieved 2010 - 04 - 06. Jump up ^ `` Medical Treatment ''. Archived from the original on 2010 - 04 - 11. Retrieved 2010 - 04 - 06. Jump up ^ `` Medscape : Medscape Access ''. emedicine.com. Archived from the original on 2008 - 08 - 04. Jump up ^ eMedicine - Periorbital Infections : Article by R Gentry Wilkerson, MD. Archived 2007 - 04 - 03 at the Wayback Machine. Jump up ^ Sty ( Stye, Hordeolum ) Causes, Infection Symptoms and Treatment by MedicineNet.com Archived 2007 - 05 - 20 at the Wayback Machine. ^ Jump up to : Cheng K, Law A, Guo M, Wieldand LS, Shen X, Lao L ( 2017 ). `` Acupuncture for acute hordeolum ''. Cochrane Database Syst Rev ( 2 ) : CD011075. PMID 28181687. doi : 10.1002 / 14651858. CD011075. pub2. CS1 maint : Multiple names : authors list ( link ) Jump up ^ sty, n. 4 : `` sty ''. Oxford English Dictionary ( 3rd ed. ). Oxford University Press. September 2005. ( Subscription or UK public library membership required. ) Jump up ^ `` styan ''. Oxford English Dictionary ( 3rd ed. ). Oxford University Press. September 2005. ( Subscription or UK public library membership required. ) Jump up ^ sty, n. 3 : `` sty ''. Oxford English Dictionary ( 3rd ed. ). Oxford University Press. September 2005. ( Subscription or UK public library membership required. ) External links Classification V T D ICD - 10 : H00. 0 ICD - 9 - CM : 373.11 MeSH : D006726 DiseasesDB : 12583 External resources MedlinePlus : 001009 eMedicine : emerg / 755 Look up stye in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Wikimedia Commons has media related to Stye. 20 - 228f. at Merck Manual of Diagnosis and Therapy Home Edition Diseases of the human eye ( H00 -- H59 360 -- 379 ) Adnexa Eyelid Inflammation Stye Chalazion Blepharitis Entropion Ectropion Lagophthalmos Blepharochalasis Ptosis Blepharophimosis Xanthelasma Eyelash Trichiasis Madarosis Lacrimal apparatus Dacryoadenitis Epiphora Dacryocystitis Xerophthalmia Orbit Exophthalmos Enophthalmos Orbital cellulitis Orbital lymphoma Periorbital cellulitis Conjunctiva Conjunctivitis allergic Pterygium Pinguecula Subconjunctival hemorrhage Globe Fibrous tunic Sclera Scleritis Episcleritis Cornea Keratitis herpetic acanthamoebic fungal Corneal ulcer Photokeratitis Thygeson 's superficial punctate keratopathy Corneal dystrophy Fuchs ' Meesmann Corneal ectasia Keratoconus Pellucid marginal degeneration Keratoglobus Terrien 's marginal degeneration Post-LASIK ectasia Keratoconjunctivitis sicca Corneal neovascularization Kayser -- Fleischer ring Haab 's striae Arcus senilis Band keratopathy Vascular tunic Iris Ciliary body Uveitis Intermediate uveitis Hyphema Rubeosis iridis Persistent pupillary membrane Iridodialysis Synechia Choroid Choroideremia Choroiditis Chorioretinitis Lens Cataract Congenital cataract Childhood cataract Aphakia Ectopia lentis Retina Retinitis Chorioretinitis Cytomegalovirus retinitis Retinal detachment Retinoschisis Ocular ischemic syndrome / Central retinal vein occlusion Central retinal artery occlusion Retinopathy diabetic hypertensive Purtscher 's of prematurity Bietti 's crystalline dystrophy Coats ' disease Macular degeneration Retinitis pigmentosa Retinal haemorrhage Central serous retinopathy Macular edema Epiretinal membrane ( Macular pucker ) Vitelliform macular dystrophy Leber 's congenital amaurosis Birdshot chorioretinopathy Other Glaucoma / Ocular hypertension / Primary juvenile glaucoma Floater Leber 's hereditary optic neuropathy Red eye Globe rupture Keratomycosis Phthisis bulbi Persistent fetal vasculature / Persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous Persistent tunica vasculosa lentis Familial exudative vitreoretinopathy Pathways Optic nerve Optic disc Optic neuritis optic papillitis Papilledema Foster Kennedy syndrome Optic atrophy Optic disc drusen Optic neuropathy Ischemic anterior ( AION ) posterior ( PION ) Kjer 's Leber 's hereditary Toxic and nutritional Strabismus Extraocular muscles Binocular vision Accommodation Paralytic strabismus Ophthalmoparesis Chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia Kearns -- Sayre syndrome palsies Oculomotor ( III ) Fourth - nerve ( IV ) Sixth - nerve ( VI ) Other strabismus Esotropia / Exotropia Hypertropia Heterophoria Esophoria Exophoria Cyclotropia Brown 's syndrome Duane syndrome Other binocular Conjugate gaze palsy Convergence insufficiency Internuclear ophthalmoplegia One and a half syndrome Refraction Refractive error Hyperopia Myopia Astigmatism Anisometropia / Aniseikonia Presbyopia Vision disorders Blindness Amblyopia Leber 's congenital amaurosis Diplopia Scotoma Color blindness Achromatopsia Dichromacy Monochromacy Nyctalopia Oguchi disease Blindness / Vision loss / Visual impairment Anopsia Hemianopsia binasal bitemporal homonymous Quadrantanopia subjective Asthenopia Hemeralopia Photophobia Scintillating scotoma Pupil Anisocoria Argyll Robertson pupil Marcus Gunn pupil Adie syndrome Miosis Mydriasis Cycloplegia Parinaud 's syndrome Other Nystagmus Childhood blindness Infections Trachoma Onchocerciasis Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Stye&oldid=801806373 '' Categories : Disorders of eyelid, lacrimal system and orbit Eye Hidden categories : CS1 maint : Multiple names : authors list Webarchive template wayback links Articles needing additional references from May 2011 All articles needing additional references RTT RTTNEURO Talk Contents About Wikipedia Azərbaycanca Беларуская Boarisch Català Čeština Dansk Deutsch ދިވެހިބަސް Eesti Español Euskara فارسی Français Gaeilge Galego ગુજરાતી 한국어 Հայերեն हिन्दी Hrvatski Italiano עברית Кыргызча Lëtzebuergesch Lietuvių Limburgs Magyar मराठी Nederlands 日本 語 Norsk ଓଡ଼ିଆ Polski Português Русский Scots සිංහල Simple English Српски / srpski Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски Suomi Svenska Татарча / tatarça ไทย Тоҷикӣ ᏣᎳᎩ Türkçe Українська اردو Tiếng Việt 中文 Edit links This page was last edited on 22 September 2017, at 00 : 05. 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Question: where do styes in the eye come from
Answer: usually a bacterial infection by Staphylococcus aureus