Soviet Union and the United Nations - wikipedia Soviet Union and the United Nations Union of Soviet Socialist Republics United Nations membership Membership Former full member Dates 1945 ( 1945 ) -- 1991 ( 1991 ) UNSC seat Permanent Ambassadors Andrei Gromyko 1946 -- 1948 Yakov Malik 1948 -- 1952 Valerian Zorin 1952 -- 1953 Andrey Vyshinsky 1953 -- 1954 Arkady Sobolev 1955 -- 1960 Valerian Zorin 1960 -- 1963 Nikolai Fedorenko 1963 -- 1968 Yakov Malik 1968 -- 1976 Oleg Troyanovsky 1976 -- 1986 Yuri Dubinin 1986 Alexander Belonogov 1986 -- 1990 Yuli Vorontsov 1990 -- 1991 ( last ) This article is part of a series on the Politics of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics Leadership Leaders President ( list Vice President ) Collective leadership State Council Presidential Council Communist Party Congress Central Committee History General Secretary Politburo Secretariat Orgburo Legislature Congress of Soviets ( Central Executive Committee ) Supreme Soviet Soviet of the Union Soviet of Nationalities Presidium Congress of People 's Deputies Speaker 1989 Legislative election Governance Constitution Official names 1924 1936 1977 Government Ministries State Committees Executive Officer Premiership Cabinets Council of People 's Commissars Council of Ministers Cabinet of Ministers Judiciary Law Supreme Court People 's Court Procurator General Ideology Soviet democracy Marxism -- Leninism Leninism Stalinism Khrushchevism De-Stalinization Society Economy Agriculture Consumer goods Five - Year Plan Kosygin reform New Economic Policy Science and technology Era of Stagnation Material balance planning Transport Culture Demographics Education Family Phraseology Religion Repression Censorship Censorship of images Great Purge Gulag system Collectivization Human rights Ideological repression Suppressed research Political abuse of psychiatry Political repression Population transfer Propaganda Red Terror Other countries Atlas The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics was a charter member of the United Nations and one of five permanent members of the Security Council. Following the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, its UN seat was transferred to the Russian Federation. Contents 1 Role in founding of the UN 2 Security Council and veto 3 Relationship with China 4 Relationship with the West 5 Participation in special agencies 6 Dissolution and succession by Russia 7 See also 8 References Role in founding of the UN The Soviet Union took an active role in the United Nations and other major international and regional organizations. At the behest of the United States, the Soviet Union took a role in the establishment of the UN in 1945. The Soviet Union insisted that there be veto rights in the Security Council and that alterations in the United Nations Charter be unanimously approved by the five permanent members. From the creation in 1945 to 1955, there was a Western majority in the UN. Other nations joining the UN were limited. 1955 marked the end of American hegemony over the General Assembly, because as more nations became states, they were accepted into the UN. The new states were often just beginning to understand what being their own state meant as they were pushed into the organization where they were often asked to pick between the West and the Soviet Union. The Soviet Union made many new allies this way. The USSR initially protested the membership of India and the Philippines, whose independence was then largely theoretical ( being basically colonies of the United Kingdom and the United States, respectively, in all but name ). A demand by the Soviet Union that all fifteen Soviet Socialist Republics be recognized as member states in the UN was counter-demanded by the United States that all then 48 states be similarly recognized. Ultimately two Soviet Republics ( Ukraine and Byelorussia ) were admitted as full members of the UN, so between 1945 and 1991, the Soviet Union was represented by three seats in the United Nations. This resulted in the chairman of the US delegation to the San Francisco Conference, Edward Stettinius, not pressing the demand for three seats in the Assembly. No mention is made by Byrnes, who was at the Yalta Conference where the three seat issue was first discussed, of any official offer of three seats to the US, nor of any discussion as to which of the US states would have held those seats had they been offered. Security Council and veto John G. Stoessinger argued the Soviet Union did not abuse its veto power. The Soviet Union had cast its veto 109 times by 1973, out of a total 128 vetoes used by the council. The Soviet Union used the veto 18 times to protect their national interest against the United States. Many more vetoes were used because of Cold War and anti-Communist actions taken by the Western states. Even with all the vetoes used not all stuck. It is shown that for 75 percent of the vetoes cast by the Soviet Union, further actions were taken by UN. The Soviets believed strongly in the veto power, and insisted it be part of the UN Security Council. They voiced this option for the veto power to both the Security Council and the General Assembly. The Soviet representative to the UN in 1950, Andrei Y. Vishinsky, declared that `` the veto power is the paramount principle, which constitutes the cornerstone of the United Nations. '' Relationship with China Debate over China 's representation with the United nations began in 1949. The Communist Party of China took over the country 's mainland, while the Nationalists moved to the island of Taiwan. The UN seat of China was held by the Nationalist government of the Republic of China, but conflict arose on which government should hold the China seat. The Soviet Union supported the communist party, leading to conflict with the West. The Security Council sided with the United States and saw the Communist government of People 's Republic of China ( PRC ) as illegitimate, and prevented it from entering the UN until 1971. Before the China seat was transferred to the Communist government of PRC in 1971, the Soviet Union was one of sixteen states that viewed it as being the legitimate government. A major turning point in the Soviet UN relation occurred in January 1950, when Soviet representatives boycotted UN functions in protest over the occupation of the seat of China by the Republic of China. Yakov Malik was the sole Soviet representative that walked out of the UN, and announced that they would be boycotting further Security Council meetings. In the absence of the Soviet representatives, the UN Security Council was able to vote for the intervention of UN military forces in what would become the Korean War. This was a downfall to the action of the boycott that was unforeseeable to the Soviet Union at the time. Nations questioned Soviet actions on relations with China, and how they acted on the issue of representation. The Soviet Union always voted for China 's Communist Party to have the seat. Relationship with the West For many years, the West played a guiding role in UN deliberations, but by the 1960s many former colonies had been granted independence and had joined the UN. These states, which became the majority in the General Assembly and other bodies, were increasingly receptive to Soviet anti-imperialist appeals. By the 1970s, the UN deliberations had generally become increasingly hostile toward the West and toward the United States in particular, as evidenced by pro-Soviet and anti-United States voting trends in the General Assembly. Western media reported in 1987 that Eastern European and Asian communist countries that were allies of the Soviet Union, had received more development assistance from the UN than what the Soviet Union had contributed. This contradicted communist states ' rhetorical support for the UN 's establishment of a New International Economic Order, which would transfer wealth from the rich Northern Hemisphere to the poor Southern Hemisphere states. The Soviet Union announced in September 1987 that it would pay back a portion of its debt to the UN. The Soviet Union did not, however, win support in the UN for its foreign policy positions. The Soviet Union and Third World states often argued that imperialism caused and continued to maintain the disparities in the world distribution of wealth. They disagreed, however, on the proper level of Soviet aid to the Third World. Also, the Soviet Union encountered fierce opposition to its invasion and occupation of Afghanistan and the Vietnamese occupation of Cambodia and received little support ( as evidenced by Third World abstentions ) for its 1987 proposal on the creation of a `` Comprehensive System of International Peace and Security. '' Participation in special agencies After walking out of the UN in January 1950 known as the Chinese Boycott, the Soviet Union returned to various UN bodies in August 1950. The return brought with it a beginning of a new policy of active participation on international and regional organizations. By the late 1980s the Soviet Union belonged to most of the special agencies of the UN. They did, however, resist joining various agricultural, food and humanitarian relief efforts. During the Mikhail Gorbachev era, the Soviet Union made repeated suggestions for increasing UN involvement in the settlement of superpower and regional problems and conflicts. Though these proposals were not implemented, they constituted new initiatives in Soviet foreign policy and represented a break with the nature of past Soviet foreign policy. This lessened world tensions. Dissolution and succession by Russia In the wake of the collapse of the Soviet Union, 11 Soviet republics -- all except the Baltic states and Georgia -- signed the Alma - Ata Protocol on 21 December 1991, establishing the Commonwealth of Independent States and declaring that the Soviet Union had ceased to exist. The Protocol provided that the Russian Federation would assume Soviet Union 's UN membership, including its permanent seat on the United Nations Security Council. The resignation of Soviet President Gorbachev on 25 December 1991 and the dissolution of the Soviet of the Republics the following day formalized the end of the Soviet Union. On 24 December 1991, the Soviet Permanent Representative to the UN Yuli Vorontsov delivered to the Secretary - General of the UN a letter from the Russian President Boris Yeltsin. The letter stated that the Soviet Union had ceased to exist, and that Russia would continue the Soviet Union 's membership in the UN and maintain the full responsibility for all the rights and obligations of the Soviet Union under the UN Charter. The letter was circulated among the UN membership without any objection, and Russia formally took over the Soviet Union 's seat in the UN General Assembly, in the Security Council and in other organs of the United Nations. The letter also confirmed the credentials of Soviet representatives to represent Russia, and Soviet representatives to the various UN agencies continued serving as Russian representatives without presenting new credentials. Ambassador Vorontsov continued serving as the first Permanent Representative of the Russian Federation to the UN. On 31 January 1992, Russian President Boris Yeltsin himself was in the Russian Federation 's seat in the Security Council during the ' summit meeting ' of the Council attended by heads of state and government. See also Soviet Union portal United Nations portal International relations portal Russia and the United Nations Ukraine and the United Nations Armenia and the United Nations Azerbaijan and the United Nations References ^ Jump up to : Zickel, Federal Research Division, Library of Congress ; edited by Raymond E. ( 1991 ). `` 10 : Foreign Policy ''. In Raymond E. Zickel. Soviet Union : a country study ( 2nd ed. ). Washington, D.C. : The Division. p. 445. ISBN 0160363802. Jump up ^ Stoessinger, John G. ( 1977 ). The United Nations & the superpowers : China, Russia, & America ( 4. ed. ). New York, NY : Random House. p. 25. ISBN 0394312694. Jump up ^ Stalin : The Man and His Era. by Adam B. Ulam, p. 606 - 607 Jump up ^ James F. Byrnes in his autobiography, All In One Lifetime, published by Harper Brothers, 1958 ^ Jump up to : Stoessinger, John G. ( 1977 ). The United Nations & the superpowers : China, Russia, & America ( 4. ed. ). New York, NY : Random House. ISBN 0394312694. Jump up ^ Souaré, Issaka K. ( 2006 ). Africa in the United Nations System, 1945 - 2005. London : Adonis & Abbey Publishers Ltd. p. 204. ISBN 1912234831. ^ Jump up to : Stoessinger, John G. ( 1965 ). `` Two ; The General Assembly ; Problems of Membership and Representation of China ''. The United Nations and the Superpowers : China, Russia, and America ( third ed. ). New York : Random House. Jump up ^ `` Soviets boycott United Nations Security Council ''. History. Retrieved 10 April 2013. ^ Jump up to : Zickel, Federal Research Division, Library of Congress ; edited by Raymond E. ( 1991 ). `` 10 Foreign Policy ''. Soviet Union : a country study ( 2nd ed. ). Washington, D.C. : The Division. p. 446. ISBN 0160363802. ^ Jump up to : Blum, Yehuda Z. `` Russia Takes Over the Soviet Union 's Seat at the United Nations '' ( PDF ). This article incorporates public domain material from the Library of Congress Country Studies website http://lcweb2.loc.gov/frd/cs/. -- Soviet Union ( May 1989 ). hide Foreign relations of the Soviet Union Bilateral Albania Angola The Baltics Burkina Faso Canada China Cuba Czechoslovakia Denmark Germany Weimar and Nazi Germany East Germany Grenada Holy See Hungary India Israel Ivory Coast Japan Laos Malaysia Norway Pakistan Philippines Tonga Turkey United Kingdom United States Vanuatu Multilateral Comecon United Nations Doctrines and policies Brezhnev Doctrine Peaceful coexistence Common European Home Sinatra Doctrine Foreign trade Occupations Diplomats Spies Treaties Occupations by country Dates when relations established with Soviet Union Foreign ministry hide Relations of the United Nations with its member states Americas Brazil Canada Mexico Trinidad and Tobago United States Asia Afghanistan People 's Republic of China India Indonesia Iraq Israel and Palestine Japan Kazakhstan Korea Lebanon Malaysia Pakistan Philippines Russia Singapore Europe Albania Armenia Azerbaijan France Germany Kazakhstan Luxembourg Poland Russia Serbia Ukraine United Kingdom Oceania Australia Fiji Marshall Islands Micronesia New Zealand Tuvalu Vanuatu Others Holy See European Union Former members Republic of China German Democratic Republic Soviet Union Ukrainian SSR Yugoslavia Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Soviet_Union_and_the_United_Nations&oldid=840485173 '' Categories : Foreign relations of the Soviet Union Russia and the United Nations United Nations relations Hidden categories : Use dmy dates from September 2013 Wikipedia articles needing page number citations from December 2014 Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the Library of Congress Country Studies Talk Contents About Wikipedia Español Bahasa Indonesia עברית Edit links This page was last edited on 10 May 2018, at 05 : 43. 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Question: when did the soviet union join the un
Answer: 1945 (1945)