Predestination in Islam - wikipedia Predestination in Islam `` Qadar '' redirects here. For redirects to Iran, see Qadar, Iran. Not to be confused with Qadariyya, a madh'hab of Aqidah in Islam Kalam... See also : Sunni Islam, Aqidah, Predestination, and Taqdir Part of a series on Islam Beliefs Oneness of God Prophets Revealed books Angels Predestination Day of Resurrection Practices Profession of faith Prayer Fasting Alms - giving Pilgrimage Texts and laws Quran Sunnah Hadith Sharia ( law ) Fiqh ( jurisprudence ) Kalam ( dialectic ) History Timeline Muhammad Ahl al - Bayt Sahabah Rashidun Imamate Caliphate Spread of Islam Culture and society Calendar Festivals Academics Art Moral teachings Children Denominations Feminism Women Madrasa Mosque Philosophy Politics Proselytizing Animals LGBT Science Demographics Economics Finance Social welfare Related topics Criticism of Islam Islam and other religions Islamism Islamophobia Glossary Islam portal Part of a series on Islam Aqidah Five Pillars of Islam Shahada Salah Sawm Zakat Hajj Sunni Six articles of belief God Prophets Holy books Angels The Last Judgement Predestination Sunni theological traditions Ilm al - Kalam Ash'ari Maturidi Sunni Murji'ah Traditionalist Shi'a Twelver Principles Tawhid Adalah Prophecy Imamah Qiyamah Practices Salah Sawm Zakat Hajj Khums Jihad Commanding what is just Forbidding what is evil Tawalla Tabarra Seven pillars of Ismailism Walayah Tawhid Salah Zakat Sawm Hajj Jihad Other Shia concepts of Aqidah Imamate Batin Sixth Pillar of Islam Other schools of theology Khawarij Ibadi Murji'ah Qadariyah Muʿtazila Sufism Including : Jahmi ; Karramiyya ; Alawites & Qizilbash Sevener - Qarmatians, Assassins & Druzes Ajardi, Azariqa, Bayhasiyya, Najdat & Sūfrī Nūkkārī ; Bahshamiyya & Ikhshîdiyya Alevism, Bektashi Order & Qalandariyya Islam portal Qadar ( Arabic : قدر ‎, transliterated qadar, meaning `` fate '', `` divine fore - ordainment '', `` predestination '' ) is the concept of divine destiny in Islam. It is one of Islam 's six articles of faith, along with belief in the Oneness of Allah, the Revealed Books, the Prophets of Islam, the Day of Resurrection and Angels. This concept has also been mentioned in the Quran as the `` Decree '' of Allah. Contents 1 Definition 2 Concept 3 History 4 Sunni view 4.1 Belief in al - Qadar is based on four things 4.2 Stages of Taqdeer ( fate ) 5 Shi'a view 6 See also 7 Footnotes 8 References 9 External links Definition In Islam, `` predestination '' is the usual English language rendering of a belief that Muslims call al - qaḍdāʾ wa al - qadr. The phrase means `` the divine decree and the predestination '' ; al - qadr derives from a root that means to measure out. Concept Qadar is one of the aspects of aqidah. Some Muslims believe that the divine destiny is when God wrote down in the Preserved Tablet ( `` al - Lauḥ al - Maḥfūẓ '' ) all that has happened and will happen, which will come to pass as written. According to this belief, a person 's action is not caused by what is written in the preserved tablet, but rather the action is written in the tablet because God already knows all occurrences without the restrictions of time. On the other hand, the causal relationships are also part of Qadar, since human acts affect what 's stated in the Erasing And Stating Tablet ( `` Lauḥ al - Mahu w al - Ithbat '' ). The phrase reflects a Muslim doctrine that Allah has measured out the span of every person 's life, their lot of good or ill fortune, and the fruits of their efforts. Again Allah does not need to force anyone to do good or evil by interfering with his will, and nobody will bear witness that Allah did so. When referring to the future, Muslims `` They will cry out to them : Were we not with you ? They shall say : Yes ! but you caused yourselves to fall into temptation, and you waited and doubted, and vain desires deceived you till the threatened punishment of Allah came, while the archdeceiver deceived you about Allah. '' -- Qur'an, Sura 57 ( Al - Hadid ), ayat 14 According to the Qur'an, certain people go to hell because they chose to do bad deeds, and others to heaven by doing good deeds and even if Allah had chosen to guide them to the truth they themselves would choose to reject the faith : `` And if Allah had known any good in them He would have made them hear, and if He makes them hear they would turn back while they withdraw. '' -- Qur'an, Sura 8 ( Al - Anfaal ), ayat 23 `` Nor would thy Lord be the One to destroy communities for a single wrong - doing, if its members were likely to mend. If thy Lord had so willed, He could have made mankind one people : but they will not cease to dispute. Except those on whom thy Lord hath bestowed His Mercy : and for this did He create them : and the Word of thy Lord shall be fulfilled : `` I will fill Hell with jinns and men all together. '' -- Qur'an, Sura 11 ( Hud ), ayat 119 No calamity befalls on the earth or in yourselves but is inscribed in the Book of Decrees ( Al - Lauh Al - Mahfuz ), before We bring it into existence. Verily, that is easy for Allah. -- Qur'an, Sura 57, ayat 22 A hadith reports that Muhammad said about Qadr : Ali narrated that one day the Messenger of Allah was sitting with a wooden stick in his hand with which he was scratching the ground. He raised his head and said, `` There is none of you, but has his place assigned either in the Fire or in Paradise. '' They ( the Companions ) inquired, `` O Allah 's Messenger ! Why should we carry on doing good deeds, shall we depend ( upon Qadar ) and give up work ? '' Muhammad said : `` No, carry on doing good deeds, for everyone will find it easy ( to do ) such deeds that will lead him towards that for which he has been created. '' Then he recited the verse : `` As for him who gives ( in charity ) and keeps his duty to Allah and fears Him, and believes in al - Husna, We will make smooth for him the path of Ease ( goodness ) ( Surah al - Lail 92 : 5 - 7 ). Sahih Muslim However, it is made clear that no person has the power to benefit or harm himself or others, and that guidance is only given by Allah, no one else has the power to give guidance. The Quran says : `` For those who do good is good ( reward ) and more ( than this ) ; and blackness or ignominy shall not cover their faces ; these are the dwellers of the garden ; in it they shall abide. '' -- Qur'an, Sura 10 ( Yunus ), ayat 26 History There are only two groups who represent the extremes regarding Qadar. Al - Jabiriyah are of the opinion that humans have no control over their actions and everything is dictated by God. The other group is Al - Qadiriyyah ( not to be confused with the Sufi order, Al - Qaadirriyah ) and they are of the opinion of humans having complete control over their destiny, to the extent that God does not even know what we will choose to do. The Sunni view is in the middle between these two views, where they believe that God has knowledge of everything that will be, but that humans have freedom of choice. Among the historical proponents of the Sunni view of the doctrine were : Ibn Umar was a strong proponent of this concept Among those who criticized the Sunni view of the doctrine were : Ma'bad al - Juhani, the first man who discussed Qadar in Basra. Sunni view Sunni enumerate Qadar as one aspect of their creed ( error : ( ( lang - xx ) ) : text has italic markup ( help ) ). They believe that the divine destiny is when God wrote down in the Preserved Tablet ( `` al - Lawhu ' l - Mahfuz '' ) all that has happened and will happen, which will come to pass as written. According to this belief, a person 's action is not caused by what is written in the Preserved Tablet but, rather, the action is written in the Preserved Tablet because God already knows all occurrences without the restrictions of time. ( ( dead link ) ) An individual has power to choose, but since God created time and space he knows what will happen. God is without any bond of time and space. Therefore, what will happen has meaning only to humans, who are limited in time and space. An analogy is someone who watches a movie for the second time, who knows what will happen next, while for the first time watcher the next movie is unknown. According to Maturidi belief, all possible actions are already created by God and humans just choose which action they follow. Even the decisions are predetermined, they happen on humans own essence. Belief in Al - Qadar is based on four things -- العلم Al - ' Ilm -- Knowledge : i.e., that Allah knows what had been, what will be, what has never been, and how it could be if it was. He also knows what his creation will do, by virtue of His eternal knowledge, including their choices that will take place. -- كتابة Kitabat -- Writing : i.e., that Allah has written every thing that exists including the destiny of all creatures in al - Lauh al - Mahfuz prior to creation. -- مشيئة Mashii'at -- Will : i.e., that what Allah wills happens and what He does not will does not happen. There is no movement in the heavens or on earth but happens by His will. This does not mean that He forces things to happen the way they happen in the area of human beings ' voluntary actions. It means that He knew what they will choose, wrote it and now lets it happen. -- الخلق Al - Khalq -- Creation and formation : i.e., that Allah is the Creator of all things, including the actions of His servants. They do their actions in a real sense, and Allah is the Creator of them and of their actions. Stages of Taqdeer ( fate ) There are five stages where Qadar is determined and prescribed / sent to creation : The Decree of Allah that is written in Al - Lawh Al - Mahfuud before the creation of the universe. This destiny written in the preserved tablet is never changed and encompasses everything that will be. Allah made a divine decree after the creation of Adam. Allah took out all of the progeny of Adam ( i.e. all of the humans from the beginning of time until the end of time ), and asked them `` Am I not your Lord ? '' and all of the humans responded `` We testify that You are our Lord ! '' Then Allah decreed to them who shall go to paradise and who shall go to hell. The Life - time decree. This occurs when a person is in the womb of their mother, specifically 120 days after conception. Allah sends an angel to put a soul into the person, and the angel writes down the decree that Allah has made ; their life - span, their actions, their sustenance ( how much they will earn throughout their lifetime ) and whether they will be a dweller of paradise or a dweller of hell. The yearly decree. This is during the Night of Qadr ( Night of Decree ) where Allah sends down his decrees from heaven to earth, in it he destines the actions ( deeds, sustenance, births, deaths, etc. ) of creation for the next year. The word Qadar should not be confused with Qadr ; Qadar is destiny, Qadr is that which has been destined, i.e. decree, thus the translation -- Night of Decree. The Daily Decree. Allah decrees the daily actions of his creation. An example of how these categorizations help clear the idea of destiny is as follows : It is possible that Allah sends a daily / yearly decree dictating that a person will get a profit. However, due to that person 's good deeds ( for instance, fulfilling the ties of kinship ( being good to your relatives and maintaining the relationship ) ), Allah sends another decree increasing that person 's profit. The reversal of the two decrees is all within Allah 's knowledge and is recorded in the Preserved Tablet. The person himself knows nothing of his own destiny or of Allah 's decrees, but what he does know is that if he performs certain good deeds, then He will increase his profit ( as in the example above ) more than if he does not do that deed. In the light of the above the following may be derived : Our supplications do change destiny and are of much avail. Good deeds are a source of an increase in one 's sustenance, and can avert calamities. Sins result in a decrease in one 's sustenance, and invite calamities. Shi'a view Twelvers, along with other Shia sects such as the Zaydis, reject predestination. This belief is further emphasized by the Shia concept of Bada ', which states that God has not set a definite course for human history. Instead, God may alter the course of human history as is seen to be fit. To show that there is no contradiction between being predestined, and free will, Shiite states that matters relating to the human destiny is of two kinds : definite and indefinite. To explain the definitive one, Shiite argues that God has definite power over the whole of existence, however, whenever He wills, He can replace a given destiny with another one ; and that is what is called indefinite destiny. Some of these changes of destiny, thus, are brought about by man himself, who can through his free will, his decisions, and his way of life -- lay the groundwork for a change in his destiny as been pointed out in the verses : Truly, God will not change the condition of a people as long as they do not change Their state themselves. Both types of destinies, however, are contained within God 's foreknowledge, Shiite argues, so that there could be no sort of change ( Bada ) concerning His knowledge. So the first type of destiny does not mean a limitation of God 's power ; since God, in contrast to the belief of Jews who says the hand of God is tied ' asserts : Nay, His hands are spread out wide... So God has the power to change everything he wills and God 's creativity is continuous. Accordingly, as Sobhani puts it, `` all groups in Islam regard `` bada '' as a tenet of the faith, even if not all actually use the term. '' See also Al - Qadariyya Al - Qadr ( sura ) Laylat al - Qadr Will of God Footnotes Jump up ^ J.M. Cowan ( ed. ) ( 1976 ). The Hans Wehr Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic. Wiesbaden, Germany : Spoken Language Services. ISBN 0 - 87950 - 001 - 8 Jump up ^ `` '' Qadar `` ''. missionislam.com. Retrieved 2016 - 03 - 27. Jump up ^ Muhsin Khan, Muhammad. The Noble Qur'an. Verily ! We have sent it ( this Qur'an ) down in the night of Al - Qadr ( Decree ) Jump up ^ `` Archived copy ''. Archived from the original on December 8, 2011. Retrieved December 7, 2013. ^ Jump up to : Moral Responsibility and Divine Will. Re : Blaming Destiny ? Archived September 29, 2007, at the Wayback Machine. Jump up ^ موقع الإسلام سؤال وجواب - عربي - islamqa.info Jump up ^ Tosun, Ender ( 2012 ). Guide to Understanding Islam ( PDF ). Istanbul : Ender TOSUN. p. 272. ISBN 9786056319815. Jump up ^ Quran 57 : 14 Jump up ^ Quran 8 : 23 Jump up ^ Quran 11 : 119 Jump up ^ Quran 57 : 22 Jump up ^ Quran 10 : 100 Jump up ^ 431 hadith found in ' The Book of Faith ( Kitab Al - Iman ) ' of Sahih Muslim. ( 1 ) Jump up ^ Roy Jackson What is Islamic Philosophy ? Routledge 2014 ISBN 978 - 1 - 317 - 81404 - 7 page 32 Jump up ^ http://sunnah.com/nawawi40/4 Jump up ^ `` Taqdeer ( Fate ) ''. inter-islam.org. Retrieved 2016 - 03 - 27. Jump up ^ Need of Religion, by Sayyid Sa'id Akhtar Rizvi, p. 14. Jump up ^ Islamic Beliefs, Practices, and Cultures, by Marshall Cavendish Corporation, p. 137. Jump up ^ Religions of Man, by Charles Douglas Greer, p. 239. Jump up ^ Muslims, by S.H.M. Rizvi, Shibani Roy, B.B. Dutta, p. 20. Jump up ^ Quran, 13 : 11 Jump up ^ Quran, 5 : 64 Jump up ^ Sobhani, Ja'far. Doctrines of Shi'i Islam. Translated and Edited by Reza Shah - Kazemi. London - New York : I.B. Tauris in association with The Institute of Ismaili Studies. pp. 159 -- 163. References Sobhani, Ja'far ; Shah - Kazemi, Reza ( 2001 ). The Doctrines of Shi'ism : A Compendium of Imami Beliefs and Practices. I.B. Tauris. ISBN 9781860647802. External links Concept of Qada and Qadar القضاء و القدر Time in religion and mythology Time and fate deities Eternity Eschatology Golden Age Divination Prophecy Calendar Fate Islam topics Outline of Islam Beliefs God in Islam Tawhid Muhammad In Islam Prophets of Islam Five Pillars Shahada Salah Sawm Zakat Hajj History Leaders Timeline of Muslim history Conquests Golden Age Historiography Sahaba Ahl al - Bayt Shi'a Imams Caliphates Rashidun Umayyad Abbasid Córdoba Fatimid Almohad Sokoto Ottoman Religious texts Quran Sunnah Hadith Tafsir Seerah Denominations Sunni Shia Ibadi Black Muslims Ahmadiyya Quranism Non-denominational Life Culture Animals Art Calendar Children Clothing Holidays Mosques Madrasas Moral teachings Music Philosophy Political aspects Qurbani Science medieval Social welfare Women LGBT Islam by country Law Jurisprudence Economics Banking Economic history Sukuk Takaful Murabaha Riba Hygiene Ghusl Miswak Najis Tayammum Toilet Wudu Marriage Sex Marriage contract Mahr Mahram Masturbation Nikah Nikah Mut'ah Zina Other aspects Cleanliness Criminal Dhabiĥa Dhimmi Divorce Diet Ethics Etiquette Gambling Gender segregation Honorifics Hudud Inheritance Jizya Leadership Ma malakat aymanukum Military POWs Slavery Sources of law Theological baligh kalam Islamic studies Arts Arabesque Architecture Calligraphy Carpets Gardens Geometric patterns Music Pottery Medieval science Alchemy and chemistry Astronomy Cosmology Geography and cartography Mathematics Medicine Ophthalmology Physics Philosophy Early Contemporary Eschatology Theological Other areas Astrology Creationism ( evolution ) Feminism Inventions Liberalism and progressivism Literature poetry Psychology Shu'ubiyya Conversion to mosques Other religions Christianity Mormonism Protestantism Hinduism Jainism Judaism Sikhism Related topics Apostasy Criticism of Islam Cultural Muslim Islamism Criticism Post-Islamism Qutbism Salafi movement Islamophobia Incidents Islamic terrorism Islamic view of miracles Domestic violence Nursing Persecution of Muslims Quran and miracles Symbolism Islam portal Islamic philosophy Fields Alchemy Aqidah ( theology ) ' Aql ( intellect ) Cosmology astrology medieval astronomy Eschatology Ethics Kalam ( dialectic ) Fiqh ( jurisprudence ) Logic Metaphysics Natural philosophy ( physics ) Peace Madrasah ( education ) Medieval science Medieval psychology Sufism ( mysticism ) Schools Early Farabism Avicennism Averroism Illuminationism Sufi cosmology metaphysics Transcendent theosophy Traditionalist Contemporary Concepts ʻAṣabīya Ḥāl Iʻjaz ʼIjtihād ʻlm ʻIrfān Ijmāʿ Maslaha Nafs Qadar Qalb Qiyās Shūrā Tawḥīd Ummah Philosophers by century ( CE ) 9th -- 10th Al - Kindi Ali ibn Sahl Rabban al - Tabari Abu al - Abbas Iranshahri Zakariya Razi Apharabius Abu Hatim al - Razi Al Amiri Ikhwan al - Safa Abu Sulayman Sijistani Ibn Masarrah Abu Yaqub al - Sijistani 11th Al - Ghazali Ibn Miskawayh Avicenna Ibn Hazm Bahmanyār Mu'ayyad fi'l - Din al - Shirazi Nasir Khusraw 12th Abu'l - Barakāt al - Baghdādī Afdal al - Din Kashani Ahi Evren Ahmad Yasavi Ayn - al - Quzat Averroes Ibn Tufail Omar Khayyám Suhrawardi Shams Tabrizi 13th Hajji Bektash Wali Jalal ad - Din Muhammad Rumi Ibn Sab'in Ibn Arabi al - Abharī Nasir al - Din Tusi Fakhr ad - Din ar - Razi Qutb al - Din al - Shirazi Sadr al - Din al - Qunawi 14th -- 16th Ibn Khaldun Yunus Emre Hajji Bayram Jalaladdin Davani Sadr ad - Din Dashtaki Aziz Mahmud Hudayi Qadi Mir Husayn al - Maybudi Mahmud Shabistari Sayyid Haydar Amuli Dawūd al - Qayṣarī Jami 17th -- 19th Mir Damad Mir Fendereski Mulla Sadra Mohsen Fayz Kashani Abd al - Razzaq Lahiji Mujaddid Alf - i - Sani Rajab Ali Tabrizi Qazi Sa'id Qumi Shah Waliullah Dehlawi Hādī Sabzavārī 20th -- present Muhammad Husayn Tabatabaei Muhammad Iqbal Gohar Shahi Mohammad Baqir al - Sadr René Guénon Frithjof Schuon Martin Lings Hossein Nasr Naquib al - Attas Abdolkarim Soroush Gholamhossein Ebrahimi Dinani Taha Abdurrahman Mohammed Abed al - Jabri Mohammed Arkoun Fouad Zakariyya Reza Davari Ardakani Ahmad Fardid Mostafa Malekian Hasanzadeh Amoli Javadi Amoli Partawi Shah Theology : Outline Conceptions of God Theism Forms Deism Dystheism Henotheism Hermeticism Kathenotheism Nontheism Monolatry Monotheism Mysticism Panentheism Pandeism Pantheism Polydeism Polytheism Spiritualism Theopanism Concepts Deity Divinity Gender of God and gods Male deity Goddess Numen Singular god theologies By faith Abrahamic religions Judaism Christianity Islam the Bahá'í Faith Buddhism Hinduism Jainism Sikhism Zoroastrianism Concepts Absolute Brahman Emanationism Logos Supreme Being God as the Devil Sustainer Time Trinitarianism Athanasian Creed Comma Johanneum Consubstantiality Homoousian Homoiousian Hypostasis Perichoresis Shield of the Trinity Trinitarian formula Trinity Trinity of the Church Fathers Trinitarian Universalism Eschatology Afterlife Apocalypticism Buddhist Christian Heaven Hindu Islamic Jewish Taoist Zoroastrian Feminist Buddhism Christianity Hinduism Islam Judaism Mormonism Goddesses Other concepts The All Aristotelian view Attributes of God in Christianity / in Islam Binitarianism Demiurge Divine simplicity Divine presence Egotheism Exotheology Holocaust Godhead in Christianity Latter Day Saints Great Architect of the Universe Great Spirit Apophatic theology Olelbis Open theism Personal god Phenomenological definition Philo 's view Process Tian Unmoved mover Names of God in Christianity Hinduism Islam Jainism Judaism By Faith Christian History Outline Biblical canon Glossary Christology Cosmology Ecclesiology Ethics Hamartiology Messianism Nestorianism Philosophy Practical Sophiology Soteriology Hindu Ayyavazhi theology Krishnology Islamic Oneness of God Prophets Holy Scriptures Angels Predestination Last Judgment Jewish Abrahamic prophecy Aggadah Denominations Kabbalah Philosophy Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Predestination_in_Islam&oldid=809961561 '' Categories : Islamic terminology Islamic theology Destiny Hidden categories : Webarchive template wayback links Articles containing Arabic - language text Lang and lang - xx template errors All articles with unsourced statements Articles with unsourced statements from November 2017 Talk Contents About Wikipedia Català Deutsch Français हिन्दी Қазақша Kurdî Bahasa Melayu Nederlands 日本 語 Русский Svenska தமிழ் Türkçe Українська اردو 中文 Edit links This page was last edited on 12 November 2017, at 16 : 19. Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution - ShareAlike License ; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia ® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization. About Wikipedia

Question: where is al-lawh al- mahfudh to be found
Answer: Preserved Tablet