Nainital - wikipedia Nainital This article is about the municipality in Uttarakhand, India. For its namesake district, see Nainital district. This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. ( June 2015 ) Nainital Hill station View of Nainital Lake City Nickname ( s ) : Sarovar Nagari ( Lake city ) Nainital Location in Uttarakhand, India Nainital Nainital ( India ) Show map of Uttarakhand Show map of India Show all Coordinates : 29 ° 23 ′ 42 '' N 79 ° 26 ′ 56 '' E ﻿ / ﻿ 29.395 ° N 79.449 ° E ﻿ / 29.395 ; 79.449 Coordinates : 29 ° 23 ′ 42 '' N 79 ° 26 ′ 56 '' E ﻿ / ﻿ 29.395 ° N 79.449 ° E ﻿ / 29.395 ; 79.449 Country India State Uttarakhand District Nainital Elevation 2,084 m ( 6,837 ft ) Population ( 2011 ) Total 41,377 Languages Official Hindi, Sanskrit Other Kumaoni Time zone IST ( UTC + 5 : 30 ) PIN 263001 / 263002 Telephone code + 91 - 5942 Vehicle registration UK - 04 Website nainital.nic.in Nainital pronunciation ( help info ) is a popular hill station in the Indian state of Uttarakhand and headquarters of Nainital district in the Kumaon foothills of the outer Himalayas. Situated at an altitude of 2,084 metres ( 6,837 ft ) above sea level, Nainital is set in a valley containing a mango - shaped lake, approximately two miles in circumference, and surrounded by mountains, of which the highest are Naina ( 2,615 m ( 8,579 ft ) ) on the north, Deopatha ( 2,438 m ( 7,999 ft ) ) on the west, and Ayarpatha ( 2,278 m ( 7,474 ft ) ) on the south. From the tops of the higher peaks, `` magnificent views can be obtained of the vast plain to the south, or of the mass of tangled ridges lying north, bound by the great snowy range which forms the central axis of the Himalayas. '' Contents 1 Geography and climate 2 Demographics 3 Mythology 4 History 4.1 Early construction 4.2 The landslip of 1880 5 Famous Landmarks 6 Libraries 7 Famous people 8 Gallery 9 See also 10 Notes and references 11 External links Geography and climate Scenic view of the Nainital from Tallital, the lower end of the lake. Nainital is located at 29 ° 23 ′ N 79 ° 27 ′ E ﻿ / ﻿ 29.38 ° N 79.45 ° E ﻿ / 29.38 ; 79.45. The slopes of the nearby mountains are most populated, with an elevation ranging from 1,940 -- 2,100 m ( 6,360 -- 6,890 ft ). The highest point nearby is Naina Peak or China Peak, with an elevation of 2,619 m ( 8,593 ft ). Nainital experiences subtropical highland climate ( Cwb ) according to Köppen -- Geiger climate classification system as the city 's climate is influenced by the elevation. The city is a bit dry during winter and very wet during summer due to South Asian monsoon system. The lowest precipitation total occurs in November with total 7.9 millimetres ( 0.31 in ), while the highest precipitation total occurs in July with total 725 millimetres ( 28.5 in ). Like most places in temperate region, Nainital has relative cool summer. The hottest month is July with temperature ranging from 16.4 ° C ( 61.5 ° F ) to 23.5 ° C ( 74.3 ° F ), while the coldest month is January with temperature ranging from 1.7 ° C ( 35.1 ° F ) to 10.7 ° C ( 51.3 ° F ). Nainital is said to be one the best shining diamonds of Himalayan Belt. This city has 3 major lakes that contribute to make it cool and calm throughout the year. Climate data for Nainital ( 1953 - 1979 ) Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year Average high ° C ( ° F ) 10.7 ( 51.3 ) 12.3 ( 54.1 ) 16.3 ( 61.3 ) 20.8 ( 69.4 ) 23.5 ( 74.3 ) 23.5 ( 74.3 ) 21.6 ( 70.9 ) 21.0 ( 69.8 ) 20.7 ( 69.3 ) 18.7 ( 65.7 ) 15.4 ( 59.7 ) 12.9 ( 55.2 ) 18.1 ( 64.6 ) Average low ° C ( ° F ) 1.7 ( 35.1 ) 3.5 ( 38.3 ) 7.5 ( 45.5 ) 11.9 ( 53.4 ) 14.6 ( 58.3 ) 16.4 ( 61.5 ) 16.5 ( 61.7 ) 16.0 ( 60.8 ) 14.1 ( 57.4 ) 9.7 ( 49.5 ) 5.7 ( 42.3 ) 3.1 ( 37.6 ) 10.1 ( 50.2 ) Average precipitation mm ( inches ) 80.3 ( 3.161 ) 60.4 ( 2.378 ) 55.7 ( 2.193 ) 33.7 ( 1.327 ) 73.8 ( 2.906 ) 327.5 ( 12.894 ) 725.0 ( 28.543 ) 553.4 ( 21.787 ) 385.0 ( 15.157 ) 135.4 ( 5.331 ) 7.9 ( 0.311 ) 27.6 ( 1.087 ) 2,465.7 ( 97.075 ) Source : India Meteorological Department Demographics Naini Lake view at night As of the 2011 Indian census, Nainital had a population of 41,377. Males constitute 52.3 % of the population and females 47.7 %. In 2011, Nainital had an average literacy rate of 92.93 %, higher than the Uttarakhand state average of 78.82 %. In Nainital, 9.54 % of the population is under 6 years of age. Kumaoni people form the major part of the town 's population along with people from all over India. Mythology It is believed that the Naini Lake is one of the 64 Shakti Peeths, or religious sites where parts of the charred body of Sati ( Parvati ) fell on earth while being carried by Lord Shiva. The spot where Sati 's eyes ( or Nain ) fell, came to be called Nain - tal or lake of the eye. The goddess Shakti is worshiped at the Naina Devi Temple, known by locals as Naini Mata Temple on the north shore of the present day lake. History St. John in the Wilderness, NainiTal, 1860 Early construction The Kumaon Hills came under British rule after the Anglo - Nepalese War ( 1814 -- 16 ). The hill station town of Naini Tal was founded only in 1841, with the construction of the first European house ( Pilgrim Lodge ) by P. Barron, a sugar trader from Shahjahanpur. In his memoir, he wrote : `` It is by far the best site I have witnessed in the course of a 1,500 miles ( 2,400 km ) trek in the Himalayas. '' In 1846, when a Captain Madden of the Bengal Artillery visited Naini Tal, he recorded that `` houses were rapidly springing up in most parts of the settlement : some towards the crest of the military ranges were nearly 7,500 ft ( 2,300 m ) above sea level : the rugged and woody Anyarpatta Aashish ( Anyar - patt -- in Kumaoni means -- complete blackout. The reason for this nomenclature by the locals was because there were minimal sun rays due to its location and dense forests ) was being gradually planted and that the favourite sites were on the undulating tract of forest land which stretched back from the head of the lake to the base of China and Deopatta ( Camel 's Hump ). The church, St. John in the Wilderness, was one of the earliest buildings in Nainital, followed by Belvedere, Alma lodge, Ashdale Cottage ( 1860 )... '' Soon, the town became a health resort favoured by British soldiers and by colonial officials and their families trying to escape the heat of the plains. Later, the town became the summer residence of the governor of the United Provinces. The landslip of 1880 1875 1880 A general view of the north end of Naini Tal before and after the landslip of 1880. In September 1880 a landslide ( ' the landslip of 1880 ' ) occurred at the north end of the town, burying 151 people. The first known landslide had occurred in 1866, and in 1879 there was a larger one at the same spot, Alma Hill, but `` the great slip occurred in the following year, on Saturday 18 September 1880. '' `` Two days preceding the slip there was heavy rain,... 20 inches ( 510 mm ) to 35 in ( 890 mm ) fell during the 40 hours ending on Saturday morning, and the downpour still lasted and continued for hours after the slip. This heavy fall naturally brought down streams of water from the hill side, some endangering the Victoria Hotel,... ( which ) was not the only building threatened... Bell 's shop, the Volunteer Orderly Room and the Hindu ( Naina Devi ) temple were scenes of labour with a view to diverting streams. At a quarter to two the landslip occurred burying those in and around the buildings mentioned above. '' The number of dead and missing were 108 Indian and 43 British nationals. ( See poem by Hannah Battersby on the page Literary references to Nainital. ) The Assembly Rooms and the Naina Devi Temple were destroyed in the disaster. A recreation area known as ' The Flats ' was later built on the site and a new temple was erected. To prevent further disasters, storm water drains were constructed and building bylaws were made stricter. St. Joseph 's College, Nainital from Tiffin Top ( Dorothy 's Seat ) In the latter half of the 19th century a number of `` European '' schools for boys and girls were founded in Nainital. During the Victorian and Edwardian eras, students in these schools consisted largely of children of the British colonial officials or soldiers. The Diocesan Girls ' High School, now known as All Saints ' College, was established in 1869, near where the High Court of Uttarakhand stands today. By 1906, there were over half a dozen such schools, including the Diocesan Boys ' School ( later renamed Sherwood College ) and the Philander Smith 's college ( later renamed Halett War School, currently Birla Vidya Mandir ). St. Joseph 's College, Nainital ( popularly known as SEM ), a day - boarding and residential school built by Irish brothers in 1888, celebrated its 125th anniversary in 2013. Another important school for girls, St. Mary 's Convent High School, Nainital ( popularly known as Ramnee ), was established in 1878, and celebrated its 125th anniversary in year 2003. Famous landmarks A popular hill station, Nainital has numerous tourist spots : Nainital Lake Naini Peak Tiffin Top Snowview Point Gurney House Naina Devi Temple Cave Garden Sat Tal Hanumangarhi Mall Road Pt. G.B. Pant High Altitude Zoo, Nainital Tibetan Market Libraries There are a number of libraries in the Nainital area. Among them are the Durga Lal Shah Municipal Public Library on the Mall, founded in 1934, the Uttarakhand Academy of Administration, Library and Documentation Center, Mallital, the ARIES Observatory Library, and the Kumaon University Library, Nainital. Famous people Elsie Inglis, physician and social reformer Jim Corbett, hunter of man - eating tigers, author, conservationist and namesake of Jim Corbett National Park. Educated at St. Joseph 's College. Govind Ballabh Pant, statesman and leader of India 's independence movement, first Indian Premier of British India, the first Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh and the third Home Minister of India Sam Manekshaw, Indian Army Chief of Staff during Indo - Pakistani War of 1971. Educated at Sherwood College. Som Nath Sharma, India 's first Param Vir Chakra award winner. Educated at Sherwood College. Naini lake night view from mall road Krishna Chandra Pant, former Deputy Chairman of the Planning Commission of India. Educated at St. Joseph 's College. Rajendra K. Pachauri, chairman of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Sudhir Kakar, renowned psychoanalyst Shivani, Hindi poet Anup Jalota, singer Lalet Bist, Film Director Sukirti Kandpal, TV actress Amitabh Bachchan, Bollywood actor. Educated at Sherwood College. Naseeruddin Shah, Bollywood actor. Educated at St. Joseph 's College. Kabir Bedi, Bollywood Actor. Educated at Sherwood College. A view of the Nainital town, 1885 Danny Denzongpa, Bollywood actor studied in Birla Vidya Mandir Nirmal Pandey, Bollywood actor and singer Dilip Tahil, Bollywood actor. Educated at Sherwood College. Manish Pandey, cricketer who plays for Karnataka and Bangalore Eric Maturin, British actor Lalit Modi, Indian Premier League ( IPL ) chairman. Educated at St. Joseph 's College. Narayan Dutt Tiwari, Indian leader and politician, former Governor of Andhra Pradesh, former Chief Minister of Uttarakhand and Uttar Pradesh, and former Finance Minister of India. Hastings Ismay, 1st Baron Ismay, first secretary general of NATO Percy Hobart, British major general and military engineer Orde Charles Wingate, British general and commander of the Chindits in Burma during World War II Gallery Panoramic view of Nainital from Naini Lake Nainital overview Urban Areas The Mall Road, 2006. Ramlila Bhawan, Mallital, Nainital. A view from Hotel Naini Retreat 's Balcony. Naini Lake after snowfall ( 2007 ) Nainital lake in the morning Nainital in May 2011 Yachts in Naini Lake in March 2011 Nainital Lake in 2009. Statue of Govind Ballabh Pant, at Mall Road, Nainital. Golu Devta temple, at Ghorakhal near Nainital. Naini Lake Boats on the Lake. Gurney House - the home of Jim Corbett A Bear in the Pt. GB Pant High Altitude Zoo, Nainital. Naina Devi Temple, after which the place gets its name. See also St. Joseph 's College, Nainital Literary references to Nainital Aryabhatta Research Institute of Observational Sciences The Hive Cottage Nainital childhood residence of Jim Corbett Nainital Cottage near Sherwood College Notes and references Jump up ^ Nainital District, The Imperial Gazetteer of India, volume 18, pp. 322 -- 323. 1908 Jump up ^ Falling Rain Genomics, Inc -- Nainital. Fallingrain.com. Jump up ^ `` Monthly mean maximum & minimum temperature and total rainfall based upon 1901 - 2000 data ''. India Meteorological Department. Retrieved 4 February 2017. ^ Jump up to : Nainital Population Census 2011. Jump up ^ `` Hotels Reservation in Nainital, Ranikhet, Adi Kailash, Jageshwar, Pindari Booking - Kumaon Mandal Vikas Nigam ''. www.kmvn.gov.in. Jump up ^ View of Mallital, without the presend Naina Devi Temple ( 1865 ) British Library. Jump up ^ ( Pilgrim 1844 ) ^ Jump up to : ( Murphy 1906 ) Jump up ^ `` Places to See in Nainital ''. TripAdvisor. Jump up ^ Singh, Sarina ( 2005 ). Lonely Planet : India ( Nainital ). ISBN 1 - 74059 - 694 - 3. Page 425. Jump up ^ The World Bank India : Depository Libraries, 2006. Jump up ^ Astronomical Networking Libraries Archived 17 July 2006 at the Wayback Machine. Jump up ^ `` Kumaon University ''. Bateman, Josiah ( 1860 ), The Life of The Right Rev. Daniel Wilson, D.D., Late Lord Bishop of Calcutta and Metropolitan of India, Volume II, John Murray, Albemarle Street, London. Corbett, SAYUJ ( 2002 ) ( 2000 ), Inter H.G.S -- Indian Culture in Daily Life., Oxford India Reprint Corbett, Jim ( 2002 ) ( 1948 ), The Man Eating Leopard of Rudraprayag, Oxford India Reprint Corbett, Jim ( 2002 ) ( 1954 ), The Temple Tigers and More Man - Eaters of Kumaon, Oxford India Reprint Fayrer, Joseph ( 1900 ), Recollections of my life, William Blackwood and Sons, Edinburgh and London Imperial Gazetteer of India, Volume 18, pp. 322 -- 323., Oxford University Press, Oxford and London, 1908 Kennedy, Dane ( 1996 ), The Magic Mountains : Hill Stations and the British Raj, University of California Press, Berkeley, Los Angeles, and Oxford. 264 pages. Kipling, Rudyard ( 1889 ), The Story of the Gadsbys, Macmillan and Company, London Kipling, Rudyard ( 1895 ), Under the Deodars, Macmillan and Company, London McLaren, Eva Shaw ( 1920 ), Elsie Inglis : The Woman with the Torch, Macmillan and Company, New York M'Crindle, J.W. ( 1901 ), Ancient India : As Described in Classical Literature, Archibald ConstaHble & Company, Westminster Murphy, C.W. ( 1906 ), A Guide to Naini Tal and Kumaun, Allahbad, United Provinces Notes on Wanderings in the Himmala, containing descriptions of some of the grandest scenery of the snowy range, among others of Naini Tal, Agra Akhbaar Press, Agra External links Wikimedia Commons has media related to Nainital. Wikisource has the text of the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica article Naini Tal. Official website Nainital travel guide from Wikivoyage Cities and towns in Nainital district Nainital Bajauniyahaldu Bhimtal Bhowali Haldwani Kathgodam Kaladhungi Lalkuan Nainital Nainital Cantonment Ramgarh Ramnagar Mukteshwar Cities and towns in other districts Almora Bageshwar Chamoli Champawat Dehradun Haridwar Pauri Garhwal Pithoragarh Rudraprayag Tehri Garhwal Udham Singh Nagar Uttarkashi Kumaon Division headquarters : Nainital Main Articles Kumaon division Kumaon Kingdom Kumaoni language Kumaoni people Kumaon Regiment Kumaon University Districts Almora Bageshwar Champawat Nainital Pithoragarh Udham Singh Nagar Major Cities Haldwani Rudrapur Kashipur Ramnagar Pithoragarh Nainital Almora Ranikhet Bageshwar Champawat Municipalities of Uttarakhand Municipal Corporations Dehradun Haldwani Haridwar Kashipur Roorkee Rudrapur Municipalities Almora Bageshwar Bajpur Bhowali Chamoli Gopeshwar Dogadda Gadarpur Jaspur Jyotirmath Khatima Kichha Kotdwar Manglaur Mussoorie Nainital Narendranagar Pauri Pithoragarh Ramnagar Rishikesh Rudraprayag Sitarganj Srinagar Tanakpur Tehri Uttarkashi Vikasnagar Nagar Panchayats Badrinath Barkot Bhimtal Chamba Champawat Devprayag Dharchula Didihat Dineshpur Doiwala Dwarahat Gangotri Gochar Herbertpur Jhabrera Kaladungi Karnaprayag Kedarnath Kela Khera Kirtinagar Laksar Lalkuan Landhaura Lohaghat Mahua Dabra Haripura Mahua Kheraganj Muni Ki Reti Nandaprayag Shaktigarh Sultanpur Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nainital&oldid=835402767 '' Categories : Cities and towns in Nainital district Tourism in Uttarakhand Hill stations in Uttarakhand Nainital Hidden categories : Webarchive template wayback links Articles needing additional references from June 2015 All articles needing additional references Use British English from September 2013 Use dmy dates from September 2013 Coordinates on Wikidata Articles with hAudio microformats All articles with unsourced statements Articles with unsourced statements from August 2013 Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2001 All articles containing potentially dated statements Talk Contents About Wikipedia Wikivoyage Languages বাংলা Bân - lâm - gú Беларуская Български Català Cebuano فارسی Français ગુજરાતી हिन्दी বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী Italiano Kapampangan Malagasy മലയാളം मराठी Bahasa Melayu Nederlands नेपाली नेपाल भाषा Norsk ଓଡ଼ିଆ ਪੰਜਾਬੀ پنجابی Polski Русский संस्कृतम् Simple English Suomi Svenska தமிழ் తెలుగు Українська اردو Tiếng Việt 中文 डोटेली 28 more Edit links This page was last edited on 8 April 2018, at 14 : 08. 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Question: in which year there was a heavy landslide in nainital
Answer: 1880