Z1 ( computer ) - wikipedia Z1 ( computer ) Replica of the Z1 in the German Museum of Technology in Berlin The Z1 was a mechanical computer designed by Konrad Zuse from 1935 to 1936 and built by him from 1936 to 1938. It was a binary electrically driven mechanical calculator with limited programmability, reading instructions from punched celluloid film. The Z1 was the first freely programmable computer in the world which used Boolean logic and binary floating point numbers, however it was unreliable in operation. It was completed in 1938 and financed completely from private funds. This computer was destroyed in the bombardment of Berlin in December 1943, during World War II, together with all construction plans. The Z1 was the first in a series of computers that Zuse designed. Its original name was `` V1 '' for VersuchsModell 1 ( meaning Experimental Model 1 ). After WW2, it was renamed `` Z1 '' to differentiate from the flying bombs designed by Robert Lusser. The Z2 and Z3 were follow - ups based on many of the same ideas as the Z1. Contents 1 Design 2 Construction 3 Reconstruction 4 Quotation 5 See also 6 References 7 Further reading 8 External links Design Diagrams from Zuse 's May 1936 patent for a binary switching element using a mechanism of flat sliding rods. The Z1 was based on such elements. The Z1 contained almost all the parts of a modern computer, i.e. control unit, memory, micro sequences, floating - point logic and input - output devices. The Z1 was freely programmable via punched tape and a punched tape reader. There was a clear separation between the punched tape reader, the control unit for supervising the whole machine and the execution of the instructions, the arithmetic unit, and the input and output devices. The input tape unit read perforations in 35 - millimeter film. The Z1 was a 22 - bit floating point value adder and subtracter, with some control logic to make it capable of more complex operations such as multiplication ( by repeated additions ) and division ( by repeated subtractions ). The Z1 's instruction set had nine instructions and it took between one and twenty cycles per instruction. The Z1 had a 64 - word floating point memory, where each word of memory could be read from -- and written to -- by the control unit. The mechanical memory units were unique in their design and were patented by Konrad Zuse in 1936. The machine was only capable of executing instructions while reading from the punched tape reader, so the program itself was not loaded in its entirety into internal memory in advance. The input and output were in decimal numbers, with a decimal exponent and the units had special machinery for converting these to and from binary numbers. The input and output instructions would be read or written as floating point numbers. The program tape was 35 mm film with the instructions encoded in punched holes. `` Zuse managed to implement exception handling using just a few relays. This feature of the Z3 is one of the most elegant in the whole design. '' Construction `` Z1 was a machine of about 1000 kg weight, which consisted from some 20000 parts. It was a programmable computer, based on binary floating point numbers and a binary switching system. It consisted completely of thin metal sheets, which Zuse and his friends produced using a jigsaw. '' `` The ( data ) input device was a keyboard... The Z1 's programs ( Zuse called them Rechenplans ) were stored on punch tapes by means of an 8 - bit code '' Construction of the Z1 was privately financed. Zuse got money from his parents, his sister Lieselotte, some students of the fraternity AV Motiv ( cf. Helmut Schreyer ) and Kurt Pannke ( a calculating machines manufacturer in Berlin ) to do so. Zuse constructed the Z1 in his parents ' apartment ; in fact, he was allowed to use the living room for his construction. In 1936, Zuse quit his job in airplane construction in order to build the Z1. Zuse is said to have used `` thin metal strips '' and perhaps `` metal cylinders '' or glass plates to construct Z1. There were probably no commercial relays in it ( although the Z3 is said to have used a few telephone relays ). The only electrical unit was an electric motor to give the clock frequency of 1 Hz ( cycle per second ) to the machine. ' The memory was constructed from thin strips of slotted metal and small pins, and proved faster, smaller, and more reliable, than relays. The Z2 used the mechanical memory of the Z1, but used relay - based arithmetic. The Z3 was experimentally built entirely of relays. The Z4 was the first attempt at a commercial computer, reverting to the faster and more economical mechanical slotted metal strip memory, with relay processing, of the Z2, but the war interrupted the Z4 development. ' The Z1 was never very reliable in operation due to poor synchronization due to internal and external stresses on the mechanical parts. Reconstruction Reconstruction of Z1 The original Z1 was destroyed by the Allied air raids in 1943, but in 1986 Zuse decided to rebuild the machine. He constructed thousands of elements of the Z1 again, and finished rebuilding the device in 1989. The rebuilt Z1 ( pictured ) is displayed at the German Museum of Technology in Berlin. Quotation Konrad Zuse : `` There is a replica of this Model in the Museum of Traffic and Technology in Berlin. Back then it did n't function well, and in that regard the replica is very reliable -- it also does n't work well. '' See also History of computing hardware Analytical Engine Difference engine Z2 Z3 Z4 References Jump up ^ Bauer, Friedrich L. ( 2009 - 11 - 05 ). Origins and Foundations of Computing : In Cooperation with Heinz Nixdorf MuseumsForum. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 78. ISBN 9783642029929. Jump up ^ Priestley, Mark ( 2011 ). A Science of Operations : Machines, Logic and the Invention of Programming. Springer. ISBN 978 - 1 - 84882 - 554 - 3. Jump up ^ Rojas, Raúl ( Spring 2006 ). `` The Zuse Computers ''. RESURRECTION The Bulletin of the Computer Conservation Society ( 37 ). ISSN 0958 - 7403. Jump up ^ OBITUARY : Konrad Zuse - People - News - The Independent ^ Jump up to : `` Konrad Zuse 's Legacy : The Architecture of the Z1 and Z3 '' ( PDF ). IEEE Annals of the History of Computing. 19 ( 2 ) : 5 -- 15. 1997. doi : 10.1109 / 85.586067. Jump up ^ `` History of the Computer '', G.A. Erskine, CERN, Geneva, Switzerland ^ Jump up to : Konrad Zuse - the first relay computer, History of Computers article Jump up ^ Who Made the First Computer, Chris Malcolm, 2000 Jump up ^ Hans Dieter Hellige : Geschichten der Informatik - Visionen, Paradigmen, Leitmotive. Springer - Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2004. ISBN 3 - 540 - 00217 - 0. P. 36. Further reading Zuse, Konrad ( 1993 ). The Computer - My Life. Springer - Verlag. ISBN 3 - 540 - 56453 - 5. External links Wikimedia Commons has media related to Zuse Z1. Zuse, Horst. `` The life and work of Konrad Zuse ''. EPEmag. Archived from the original on April 18, 2010. `` Zuse Z1 detailed information ''. Horst Zuse. Retrieved 9 February 2015. `` An informative website about Zuse Z1 ''. Computers designed by Konrad Zuse Z1 ( 1938 ) Z2 ( 1939 ) Z3 ( 1941 ) Z4 ( 1945 ) Z5 ( 1953 ) Z11 ( 1955 ) Z22 ( 1955 ) Z23 ( 1961 ) Z25 ( 1963 ) Z31 ( 1963 ) Z64 ( 1961 ) S1 ( 1942 ) S2 GND : 4605696 - 8 Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Z1_(computer)&oldid=813529230 '' Categories : 1930s computers One - of - a-kind computers Mechanical computers German inventions of the Nazi period Computer - related introductions in 1938 Konrad Zuse Hidden categories : Wikipedia articles with GND identifiers Talk Contents About Wikipedia Català Dansk Deutsch Español Français 한국어 Italiano עברית Nederlands 日本 語 Polski Português Русский Svenska Українська Edit links This page was last edited on 3 December 2017, at 22 : 35. Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution - ShareAlike License ; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. 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Question: who built the world first binary digit computer z1
Answer: Konrad Zuse