Miracle on 34th Street - wikipedia Miracle on 34th Street This article is about the 1947 film. For other uses, see Miracle on 34th Street ( disambiguation ). Miracle on 34th Street Theatrical release poster Directed by George Seaton Produced by William Perlberg Screenplay by George Seaton Story by Valentine Davies Starring Maureen O'Hara John Payne Natalie Wood Edmund Gwenn Porter Hall Gene Lockhart Music by Cyril J. Mockridge Cinematography Lloyd Ahern Charles G. Clarke Edited by Robert L. Simpson Distributed by 20th Century Fox Release date June 4, 1947 ( 1947 - 06 - 04 ) Running time 96 minutes Country United States Language English Budget $630,000 Box office $2.7 million ( US rentals ) Miracle on 34th Street ( initially released in the United Kingdom as The Big Heart ) is a 1947 American Christmas comedy - drama film written and directed by George Seaton and based on a story by Valentine Davies. It stars Maureen O'Hara, John Payne, Natalie Wood and Edmund Gwenn. The story takes place between Thanksgiving Day and Christmas Day in New York City, and focuses on the impact of a department store Santa Claus who claims to be the real Santa. The film has become a perennial Christmas favorite. The film won Academy Awards for Best Actor in a Supporting Role ( Edmund Gwenn ), Best Writing, Original Story ( Valentine Davies ) and Best Writing, Screenplay. It was also nominated for Best Picture, losing to Gentleman 's Agreement. In 2005, the film was selected for preservation in the National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being `` culturally, historically or aesthetically significant ''. The Academy Film Archive preserved Miracle on 34th Street in 2009. Davies also penned a short novelization of the tale, which was published by Harcourt Brace simultaneously with the film 's release. Contents 1 Plot 2 Cast 3 Production 4 Release 5 Reaction 5.1 Critical reception 5.2 Awards and honors 6 Inaccuracies 7 Home media and colorization 8 Adaptations 8.1 Character names in different versions 9 See also 10 References 11 External links Plot Kris Kringle ( Edmund Gwenn ) is indignant to find that the man assigned to play Santa in the annual Macy 's Thanksgiving Day Parade ( Percy Helton ) is intoxicated. When he complains to event director Doris Walker ( Maureen O'Hara ), she persuades Kris to take his place. He does so well, he is hired to play Santa at Macy 's flagship New York City store on 34th Street. Ignoring instructions to steer parents to buy from Macy 's, Kris directs one shopper ( Thelma Ritter ) to a competitor. Impressed, she tells Julian Shellhammer ( Philip Tonge ), head of the toy department, that she will become a loyal customer. Attorney Fred Gailey ( John Payne ), Doris ' neighbor, takes the young divorcée 's second - grade daughter Susan ( Natalie Wood ) to see Santa. Doris has raised her to not believe in fairy tales, but Susan 's lack of faith is shaken after seeing Kris speak in Dutch with a girl who does not know English. Doris asks Kringle to tell Susan that he is not Santa, but he insists that he is. Worried, Doris decides to fire him. However, Kris has generated so much positive publicity and goodwill for Macy 's that a delighted Macy ( Harry Antrim ) promises Doris and Julian bonuses. To alleviate Doris 's misgivings, Julian has Granville Sawyer ( Porter Hall ) administer a `` psychological evaluation ''. Kris passes, but questions Sawyer 's own mental health. The store expands on the concept. To avoid looking greedy, competitor Gimbels implements the same policy, forcing Macy 's and others to escalate. Eventually, Kris does the impossible : he reconciles bitter rivals Macy and Gimbel ( Herbert Heyes ). Pierce ( James Seay ), the doctor at Kris ' nursing home, assures Doris that Kris is harmless. Kris makes a pact with Fred -- he will work on Susan 's cynicism while Fred does the same with Doris, disillusioned by her failed marriage. When Susan reveals she wants a house, Kris reluctantly promises to do his best. Kris learns that Sawyer has convinced young employee Alfred that he is mentally ill simply because he is kind - hearted. Finding Sawyer unwilling to budge, Kris hits him on the head with his cane. Sawyer exaggerates his pain in order to have Kris confined to Bellevue Hospital. Tricked into cooperating, and believing Doris to be in on the deception, Kris deliberately fails his examination and is recommended for permanent commitment. However, Fred persuades Kris not to give up. At a hearing before Judge Henry X. Harper ( Gene Lockhart ), District Attorney Thomas Mara ( Jerome Cowan ) gets Kris to assert that he is Santa Claus and rests his case. Fred argues that Kris is not insane because he actually is Santa. Mara requests Harper rule that Santa does not exist. In private, Harper 's political adviser, Charlie Halloran ( William Frawley ), warns him that doing so would be disastrous for his upcoming reelection bid. The judge buys time by hearing evidence. Doris quarrels with Fred when he quits his job at a prestigious law firm to defend Kris. Fred calls Macy as a witness. When Mara asks if he believes Kris to be Santa, Macy starts to equivocate, but when pressed, he considers the business repercussions as well as the good Kris has done and states, `` I do ! '' Afterward, Macy fires Sawyer. Fred then calls Mara 's own young son ( Bobby Hyatt ), who testifies that his father told him that Santa was real. Mara concedes the point. Mara then demands that Fred prove that Kris is `` the one and only '' Santa Claus on the basis of some competent authority. While Fred searches frantically, Susan writes Kris a letter to cheer him up, which Doris also signs. When a mail sorter ( Jack Albertson ) sees Susan 's letter, he suggests they deliver the many letters to Santa taking up space in the dead letter office too. Fred presents Judge Harper with three of them, addressed simply to `` Santa Claus '' and delivered to Kris, asserting the Post Office has thus acknowledged that he is the Santa Claus. After mailmen dump another 21 full mailbags before him, Harper dismisses the case. On Christmas morning, Susan is disappointed that Kris could not get her what she wanted. Kris gives Fred and Doris a route home that avoids traffic. Along the way, Susan sees her dream house with a `` For Sale '' sign in the front yard. Fred learns that Doris had encouraged Susan to have faith and suggests they get married and purchase the house. He then boasts that he must be a great lawyer since he proved Kris was Santa. However, when they spot a cane inside that looks just like Kris 's, he is not so sure. Cast Maureen O'Hara as Doris Walker John Payne as Frederick M. `` Fred '' Gailey Edmund Gwenn as Kris Kringle Natalie Wood as Susan Walker Porter Hall as Granville Sawyer William Frawley as Charlie Halloran Jerome Cowan as District Attorney Thomas Mara Philip Tonge as Julian Shellhammer Alvin Greenman as Alfred Gene Lockhart as The Hon. Henry X. Harper Harry Antrim as R.H. Macy Herbert Heyes as Mr. Gimbel James Seay as Dr. Pierce, a geriatrics physician at the Brooks Memorial Home for the Aged Thelma Ritter as a harried shopper Percy Helton as the drunken Santa Claus stand - in the parade Ann Staunton as Mrs. Mara Mary Field as Dutch Girl 's Adopted Mother Marlene Lyden as the Dutch Girl Bobby Hyatt as Thomas Mara, Jr. Theresa Harris as Cleo, the Walker 's Maid / Housekeeper Jack Albertson as the post office employee Jeff Corey as Reporter William Forrest as Dr. Rogers at Bellevue Snub Pollard as mail - bearing Court Officer Robert Karnes as 2nd Bellevue Intern Jack Albertson as Al ( uncredited ) Production Although the film is set during the Christmas season, studio head Darryl F. Zanuck insisted that it be released in May, arguing that more people go to the movies in warmer weather. The studio rushed to promote it while keeping its Christmas setting a secret. Fox 's promotional trailer depicted a fictional producer roaming the studio backlot and encountering such stars as Rex Harrison, Anne Baxter, Peggy Ann Garner, and Dick Haymes extolling the virtues of the film. In addition, the movie posters prominently featured O'Hara and Payne, with Gwenn 's character kept in the background. The film opened in New York City at the Roxy Theatre on June 4, 1947. By contrast, modern home video packaging has Gwenn and Wood dominating the imagery, with the DVD release having Kringle in his Santa Claus costume. O'Hara was initially reluctant to take the role, having recently moved back to Ireland. She immediately changed her mind after reading the script and came back to the United States for the film. The Christmas window displays seen in the film were originally made by Steiff for Macy 's. Macy 's later sold the window displays to FAO Schwarz in New York. FAO Schwarz then sold the windows to the Marshall & Ilsley Bank of Milwaukee, Wisconsin, where they are on display every December in the bank 's lobby on North Water Street. The house shown at the end of the film is a 1703 square foot single family home built in 1943 at 24 Derby Road, Port Washington, New York. The home looks practically the same as it did in 1947, except that the roof line has been altered by the addition of a window. Release The film was re-released in theatres on December 20 and 23, 2015, as part of the `` TCM Presents '' series by Turner Classic Movies and Fathom Events. Reaction Critical reception This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. ( November 2014 ) Miracle on 34th Street received mostly positive reviews from critics. Bosley Crowther of The New York Times said : `` For all those blasé skeptics who do not believe in Santa Claus -- and likewise for all those natives who have grown cynical about New York -- but most especially for all those patrons who have grown weary of the monotonies of the screen, let us heartily recommend the Roxy 's new picture, Miracle on 34th Street. As a matter of fact, let 's go further : let 's catch its spirit and heartily proclaim that it is the freshest little picture in a long time, and maybe even the best comedy of this year. '' Today, it is considered by many as one of the best films of 1947. The film currently holds a 96 % `` Fresh '' rating on the review aggregate website Rotten Tomatoes. The Catholic Legion of Decency gave the movie a `` B '', `` morally objectionable in part '' rating. This was mainly due to the fact that O'Hara was portraying a divorcée in the film. Awards and honors The film won Academy Awards for Best Actor in a Supporting Role ( Edmund Gwenn ), Best Writing, Original Story ( Valentine Davies ) and Best Writing, Screenplay. It was also nominated for Best Picture, losing to Gentleman 's Agreement. It was ranked ninth by the American Film Institute on 100 Years... 100 Cheers, a list of America 's most inspiring films. Miracle on 34th Street was listed as the fifth best film in the fantasy genre in the American Film Institute 's `` Ten top Ten '' lists in 2008. In 2005, Miracle on 34th Street was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being `` culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant ''. American Film Institute Lists AFI 's 100 Years... 100 Movies -- Nominated AFI 's 100 Years of Film Scores -- Nominated AFI 's 100 Years... 100 Cheers -- # 9 AFI 's 100 Years... 100 Movies ( 10th Anniversary Edition ) -- Nominated AFI 's 10 Top 10 -- # 5 Fantasy Film Inaccuracies In the book Reel Justice, the authors claim that Judge Harper could have dismissed the case early without the political repercussions he feared. In their theory, once the prosecutor rested his case immediately after Kris Kringle admitted in court simply that he believed he was Santa Claus, Judge Harper could have ruled that prosecution had forfeited its opportunity to prove that Kringle was dangerous ( the basic point of such hearings ; Kringle 's actual mental state itself being irrelevant ), and ordered him immediately released. However, this high standard for involuntary commitment was not instituted until 1975 with the U.S. Supreme Court 's decision O'Connor v. Donaldson. When demonstrating that he has taken several mental examinations in the past, Kris Kringle answers his own question about who was the Vice President under John Quincy Adams as Daniel D. Tompkins. Tompkins actually served under James Monroe. John C. Calhoun is the correct answer to Kringle 's question. Tompkins was the 6th vice-president and Quincy Adams was the 6th president, leading to confusion in the script. Rowland Hussey Macy, called R.H. Macy in the film, died 70 years prior to the film ( in 1877 ). Home media and colorization Miracle on 34th Street was first released on VHS and laserdisc in 1987. In 1985, it became one of the first full - length black and white films to be colorized. The 41⁄2 month process was carried out by Color Systems Technology, Inc... In 1993, this version was released on laserdisc and VHS and was followed four years later by a `` 50th Anniversary Edition '', remastered by THX. The first DVD release was in October 1999, featuring the B&W version alongside the original theatrical trailer and a TV spot. In November 2006, it was re-released as a 2 - disc `` Special Edition '' DVD, with disc one containing an `` all new colorized version '' carried out by Legend Films. The second disc had the original black - and - white version and numerous extras, including The 20th Century Fox Hour 's 1955 TV remake. Both discs also included a full - length audio commentary by Maureen O'Hara. The B&W disc has since been re-released several times, including in a pairing with the 1994 remake. In October 2009, 20th Century Fox released the B&W version on Blu - ray with all previous extras, bar the TV remake. Adaptations There are four remakes of the movie and a Broadway musical. In addition, Lux Radio Theater broadcast an adaptation in 1947 which starred the original cast including Natalie Wood. In 1948 it was done again on Lux, without Natalie Wood 's participation, and it was adapted as a half - hour radio play on two broadcasts of Screen Director 's Playhouse, all featuring Edmund Gwenn in his screen role. In these production Kris correctly cites James Monroe as the President for whom Daniel D. Tompkins was the Vice-President. In addition, Samuel French, Inc. owns the rights to a stage version performed by community theaters and others. A 1955 one - hour television adaptation of the movie starred Thomas Mitchell as Kris, Macdonald Carey as Fred, Teresa Wright as Doris, and Sandy Descher as Susan. This version did not show the drunken Santa at all. Titled `` The Miracle on 34th Street '', it originally aired as an episode of The 20th Century Fox Hour. It was later re-run as `` Meet Mr. Kringle ''. Ed Wynn played Kris in a 1959 television adaptation of the movie. Also featured was Orson Bean. It was broadcast live and in color on NBC the day after Thanksgiving. NBC made a kinescope of the program, probably for broadcasting opening night on the West Coast. The copy was in a large collection of kinescopes donated by NBC to the Library of Congress and recently unearthed by Richard Finegan, who reported his experiences in the December 2005 issue of Classic Images. A 1963 Broadway musical version, entitled Here 's Love, was written by Meredith Willson. A 1973 television version featured Jane Alexander, David Hartman, Roddy McDowall, Sebastian Cabot as Kris ( without his natural beard ; he was forced to shave and wear a false beard for the role ), Suzanne Davidson, Jim Backus, David Doyle and Tom Bosley. It was adapted by Jeb Rosebrook from the George Seaton screenplay, and directed by Fielder Cook. Mrs. Walker 's first name is changed to Karen in this version. This would prove to be the final version in which the department store was actually Macy 's. David Doyle, who played R.H. Macy in this version had played Mr. Sawyer in the original Broadway cast of Here 's Love 10 years earlier. A 1994 feature film starred Richard Attenborough, Elizabeth Perkins, Dylan McDermott, J.T. Walsh, Timothy Shea, James Remar, Jane Leeves, Simon Jones, William Windom and Mara Wilson. It was adapted by John Hughes from the Seaton script, and directed by Les Mayfield. Due to Macy 's refusal to give permission to use its name, it was replaced by the fictitious `` Cole 's ''. Gimbels no longer existed by 1994 and was replaced with the fictional `` Shopper 's Express ''. Alvin Greenman ( Alfred in the original version ) played a doorman. This version had a more serious tone than the original and a large portion was rewritten, although the majority of the plot and characters remained intact. The film also added a subtext concerning religious faith. The book was adapted into a stage play by Will Severin, Patricia Di Benedetto Snyder and John Vreeke in 2000. It is a favorite in many community and regional theaters during the Christmas season. The characters ' names are those used in the novella, and the stage setting is distinctly late 1940s. Production rights are held by Samuel French, Inc. The flagship Macy 's Department Store at Herald Square in New York features a 30 - minute puppet version of the story within its Santaland display, featuring the voice talents of Broadway stars Brian Stokes Mitchell and Victoria Clark. Character names in different versions 1947 1955 1959 1963 Broadway musical 1973 Doris Walker Karen Walker Dorey Walker Frederick M. Gailey Bill Schaffner Bryan Bedford Kris Kringle Susan Walker Cleo ( eliminated ) Drunk Santa ( no name given ) ( no name given ) Tony Falacchi Julian Shellhammer Mr. Shellhammer Marvin Shellhammer Horace Shellhammer Donald Shellhammer Mrs. Shellhammer ( eliminated ) Alfred Alfred ( eliminated ) Granville Sawyer Dr. Albert Sawyer Dr. William Sawyer Dr. Bartholomew Sawyer Dr. Henry Sawyer ( eliminated ) R.H. Macy Mr. Macy R.H. Macy C.F. Cole Mr. Gimbel Victor Landbergh Dr. Pierce ( eliminated ) Dr. Pierce ( eliminated ) Hon. Henry X. Harper Hon. Harper Hon. Martin Group Hon. Harper Hon. Henry Harper Charlie Halloran Tammany O'Halloran ( eliminated ) Thomas Mara Mr. Mara Thomas Mara Ed Collins Mrs. Mara ( eliminated ) ( eliminated ) Rebecca Collins Macy 's Department Store Cole 's Department Store Gimbels Department Store Shopper 's Express See also Trial movies References Jump up ^ `` Top Grossers of 1947 '', Variety, 7 January 1948, p. 63 Jump up ^ BFI : Miracle on 34th Street Retrieved December 22, 2012 Jump up ^ `` Preserved Projects ''. Academy Film Archive. Jump up ^ Brown, Gene ( 1995 ). Movie Time : A Chronology of Hollywood and the Movie Industry from Its Beginnings to the Present. New York, NY : Macmillan. p. 186. ISBN 0 - 02 - 860429 - 6. Jump up ^ O'Hara, Maureen ; John Nicoletti ( 2005 ). ' Tis herself : a memoir. London : Pocket. p. 139. ISBN 978 - 0 - 7434 - 9535 - 6. Jump up ^ Kelley, Seth ( June 9, 2015 ). `` ' Psycho, ' ' Grease ' Returning to Cinemas in ' TCM Presents ' Series ''. Variety. Retrieved September 6, 2015. Jump up ^ Crowther, Bosley ( June 5, 1947 ). `` Movie Review : ' Miracle on 34th Street, ' With Edmund Gwenn in the Role of Santa Claus, at Roxy -- ' Web ' at Loew 's Criterion ''. The New York Times. Retrieved August 22, 2017. Jump up ^ `` Greatest Films of 1947 ''. Filmsite.org. Retrieved May 31, 2010. Jump up ^ `` The Best Movies of 1947 by Rank ''. Films101.com. Retrieved May 31, 2010. Jump up ^ `` Miracle on 34th Street Movie Reviews, Pictures ''. Rotten Tomatoes. Retrieved May 31, 2010. Jump up ^ Catcher, Jessica ( December 12, 2014 ). `` 12 Awesome Facts You Did n't Know About The Original Miracle On 34th Street ''. ViralNova. Retrieved May 27, 2015. Jump up ^ `` AFI 's 100 Years... 100 Cheers ''. American Film Institute. 2006. Retrieved August 22, 2017. Jump up ^ `` AFI Crowns Top 10 Films in 10 Classic Genres ''. ComingSoon.net. June 17, 2008. Retrieved June 18, 2008. Jump up ^ `` Top 10 Fantasy ''. American Film Institute. Retrieved June 18, 2008. Jump up ^ `` Miracle on 34th Street ''. On Location Tours. Retrieved August 22, 2017. Jump up ^ `` Miracle on 34th Street ( 1947 ) : Awards ''. IMDb. Retrieved August 22, 2017. Jump up ^ `` AFI 's 100 Years... 100 Movies Nominees '' ( PDF ). AFI. 2002. Jump up ^ `` AFI 's 100 Years of Film Scores Nominees : Official Ballot '' ( PDF ). AFI. September 23, 2005. Retrieved August 22, 2017. Jump up ^ `` AFI 's 100 Years... 100 Movies ( 10th Anniversary Edition ) Ballot '' ( PDF ). AFI. 2007. Jump up ^ `` The Making of Miracle on 34th Street, 50th Anniversary Edition '' ( Sindpiper Publishing ), 1997 Jump up ^ `` Rowland Hussey Macy ''. Find a Grave. June 3, 1998. Retrieved August 22, 2017. Jump up ^ Nitrate Wo n't Wait : A History of Film Preservation in the United States ( 2000 ) by Anthony Slide, page 125. Jump up ^ `` Miracle on 34th Street Blu - ray ''. Blu-ray.com. Retrieved May 31, 2010. Jump up ^ `` Rancho Cucamonga Community Theatre Presents Miracle on 34th Street ''. Lewis Family Playhouse. Retrieved August 22, 2017. Jump up ^ Snyder, Patricia Di Benedetto ; Severin, Will ; Vreeke, John ( 2000 ). Miracle on 34th Street : A Play from the Novel by Valentine Davies. Samuel French, Inc. ISBN 978 - 0573628924. External links Wikiquote has quotations related to : Miracle on 34th Street Wikimedia Commons has media related to Miracle on 34th Street ( film ). Listen to this article ( info / dl ) This audio file was created from a revision of the article `` Miracle on 34th Street '' dated 2017 - 03 - 26, and does not reflect subsequent edits to the article. ( Audio help ) More spoken articles Backstage and deleted scenes Miracle on 34th Street at AllMovie Miracle on 34th Street at the TCM Movie Database Miracle on 34th Street on IMDb Miracle on 34th Street at the American Film Institute Catalog Streaming audio Miracle on 34th Street on Lux Radio Theater : December 22, 1947 Miracle on 34th Street on Screen Directors Playhouse : December 23, 1949 Miracle on 34th Street on Screen Directors Playhouse : December 21, 1950 Miracle on 34th Street on Lux Radio Theater : December 21, 1954 Miracle on 34th Street Films Miracle on 34th Street ( 1947 ) Miracle on 34th Street ( 1994 ) Television productions `` The Miracle on 34th Street '' ( The 20th Century Fox Hour ) ( 1955 ) `` Miracle on 34th Street '' ( NBC Friday Night Special Presentation ) ( 1959 ) Miracle on 34th Street ( 1973 ) Other versions Miracle on 34th Street ( 1947 novella ) Here 's Love ( 1963 musical ) Films directed by George Seaton Diamond Horseshoe ( 1945 ) Junior Miss ( 1945 ) The Shocking Miss Pilgrim ( 1947 ) Miracle on 34th Street ( 1947 ) Apartment for Peggy ( 1948 ) Chicken Every Sunday ( 1949 ) The Big Lift ( 1950 ) For Heaven 's Sake ( 1950 ) Anything Can Happen ( 1952 ) Little Boy Lost ( 1953 ) The Country Girl ( 1954 ) The Proud and Profane ( 1956 ) Williamsburg : the Story of a Patriot ( 1957 ) Teacher 's Pet ( 1958 ) The Pleasure of His Company ( 1961 ) The Counterfeit Traitor ( 1962 ) The Hook ( 1963 ) 36 Hours ( 1965 ) What 's So Bad About Feeling Good ? ( 1968 ) Airport ( 1970 ) Showdown ( 1973 ) Macy 's, Inc. Bloomingdale 's Bluemercury Macy 's Key people Terry J. Lundgren Fred Lazarus, Jr. Simon Lazarus Rowland Hussey Macy Isidor Straus Nathan Straus Events Glamorama Macy 's Great Tree Macy 's Thanksgiving Day Parade My Macy 's Holiday Parade Related Macy 's Herald Square Miracle on 34th Street Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Miracle_on_34th_Street&oldid=797836242 '' Categories : 1947 films English - language films 1940s comedy - drama films 1940s fantasy films 20th Century Fox films American black - and - white films American fantasy films American Christmas films American comedy films American films Films based on short fiction Films directed by George Seaton Films featuring a Best Supporting Actor Academy Award - winning performance Films set in department stores Films set in New York City Films shot in New York City Films that won the Academy Award for Best Story Films whose writer won the Best Adapted Screenplay Academy Award Santa Claus in film United States National Film Registry films Hidden categories : Use mdy dates from August 2017 Articles to be expanded from November 2014 All articles to be expanded Articles using small message boxes All articles with unsourced statements Articles with unsourced statements from November 2014 Spoken articles Articles with hAudio microformats Talk Contents About Wikipedia Wikiquote Български Català Čeština Deutsch Ελληνικά Español Euskara فارسی Français Bahasa Indonesia Italiano עברית Latviešu Nederlands 日本 語 Norsk Polski Português Română Русский Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски Suomi Svenska 中文 Edit links This page was last edited on 29 August 2017, at 13 : 03. 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Question: who played kris kringle in miracle on 34th street
Answer: Edmund Gwenn