eunbil · GT0N1601 · 2006-07-14 00:00:00 — De nya riktlinjerna för 20072010 kommer att skapa förutsättningar att genomföra de nödvändiga förändringarna på medellång sikt. Syftet med det europeiska migrationsnätverket var att förse EG, dess medlemsstater och på även allmänheten med objektiv, tillförlitlig och jämförbar information om migration och asyl21. Analysen av resultaten av det offentliga samrådet om grönboken om det europeiska migrationsnätverkets framtid22 kommer att bidra till att identifiera prioriteringar för framtiden, utveckla lämpliga strukturer och säkerställa tillfredsställande resultat, i syfte att förbättra den tillgängliga informationen. I detta sammanhang kommer det att övervägas hur befintliga och framtida och informationskällor bättre kan anpassas till behoven. meddelande om Invandring, integration och sysselsättning betonades att tillträde till arbetsmarknaden är avgörande för integrationen av tredjelandsmedborgare. meddelande om en gemensam agenda för integration, som kommissionen kommer att följa upp aktivt, angavs en ram för integration av tredjelandsmedborgare inom EU. Riktlinjerna i detta meddelande har fått stöd av rådet i dess slutsatser om en gemensam agenda för integration, som antogs . Eftersom integrationsfrågan skär genom en rad områden, till exempel sysselsättning, samhällsplanering och utbildning, kommer kommissionen att se till att det görs gemensamma ansträngningar för att på ett samlat sätt spegla integrationsprioriteringarna över en rad politikområden. Bland de rekommenderade åtgärderna inom olika områden23 finns en förstärkning av resurserna till introduktionsprogram och verksamheter för lagliga invandrare och personer under deras försörjningsansvar. Åtgärderna bör omfatta informationspaket för nyanlända ekonomiska invandrare samt kurser i språk och samhällskunskap, i syfte att se till att invandrare förstår, respekterar och kan dra fördel av de gemensamma europeiska och nationella värderingarna. Utbildning, fortbildning och kulturella initiativ kommer att vara bidragande faktorer till integrationsprocessen även i fortsättningen. EU stödjer medlemsstaternas integrationspolitik via finansiella instrument, till exempel de så kallade förberedande åtgärderna för integration av tredjelandsmedborgare (). I budgetplanen 20072013 föreslog kommissionen ett nytt, riktat solidaritetsinstrument, nämligen Europeiska fonden för integration av tredjelandsmedborgare. Fondens mål som kompletterar Europeiska socialfondens mål rör de särskilda frågeställningar som identifierats när det gäller tredjelandsmedborgare, och baserar sig på de gemensamma grundprinciper för invandring som fastslogs av rådet (rättsliga och inrikes frågor) . En särskild prioritering i utkastet till förordning om Europeiska fonden för integration av tredjelandsmedborgare för 20072013 är att öka sysselsättningen bland invandrarna och främja deras integration i samhället. Därför vill kommissionen lägga särskild vikt vid att denna prioritering blir föremål för effektiva åtgärder och ägnas tillräckliga resurser. Förhandlingarna om de strategiska nationella ramarna och motsvarande operativa program är det institutionella verktyg som kommer att garantera att EU-medlen används effektivt för detta ändamål . Även Europeiska regionala utvecklingsfonden stödjer vissa integrationsåtgärder. KOM(2005) 606. För närmare detaljer: se KOM(2005) 389. Samrådet visade tydligt att det fanns ett behov av att förbättra samarbetet med tredjeländer om migration och att utveckla initiativ som ger fördelar för såväl ursprungs- och destinationsländerna som för arbetskraftsinvandrarna själva. En möjlig lösning skulle vara att övervaka migrationen av högutbildade från utvecklingsländer till EU, och därigenom identifiera sektorer och ursprungsländer som lider av en betydande kunskapsflykt. Diskussioner inom EU och med dessa länder bör inledas för att söka möjliga lösningar, Vidare avser kommissionen, som är medveten om vikten av att tillhandahålla mer samlad information i ursprungsländerna om möjligheterna till och villkoren för laglig invandring i EU, att vidta nödvändiga steg för att bygga ut de informationskällor som finns tillgängliga. Andra initiativ skulle kunna läggas fram inom de områden som tas upp nedan, och EU kan eventuellt tillhandahålla lämpligt ekonomiskt stöd. 5.1.Instrument för att främja cirkulär migration och återvändande I meddelandet om migration och utveckling underströks vikten av att underlätta återvändande och cirkulär migration. En uppföljning av meddelandet också genom specifika åtgärder kan bidra betydligt till utvecklingen av EU:s politik när det gäller ekonomisk migration. Direktivet om varaktigt bosatta tredjelandsmedborgares rättsliga ställning erbjuder redan intressanta möjligheter, till exempel möjligheten för medlemsstater att låta återvändande migranter behålla sin ställning längre än den ettårsperiod som anges i artikel 9. Genomförbarhetsstudier planeras om möjliga nya åtgärder. Det kan till exempel röra sig om viseringar för längre vistelse som ger rätt till flera in- och utresor för migranter som planerar att återvända, eller möjlighet för tidigare migranter att få prioritet och erhålla ett nytt uppehållstillstånd för ny tillfällig anställning i det tidigare värdlandet, enligt ett förenklat förfarande. I detta sammanhang kunde man inrätta en EU-databas över tredjelandsmedborgare som har lämnat EU efter det att deras tillfälliga uppehålls-/arbetstillstånd har löpt ut. En genomförbarhetsstudie om en sådan databas kunde exempelvis ingå i den konsekvensbedömning som bör utföras när det gäller systemet för registrering av in- och utresor24. Vidare bör EU aktivt försöka utforma tillfälliga migrationsordningar som kan bidra till att maximera fördelarna för alla berörda parter, till exempel genom att uppfylla behovet av arbetskraft i medlemsstaterna och , om de berörda migranterna återvänder, bidra till utvecklingen i ursprungsländerna och erbjuda kunskaper och andra fördelar till de deltagande migranterna. Arrangemang för begränsad tillfällig och cirkulär migration kommer att inkluderas i vissa av de särskilda instrumenten (punkt 2.2). Oberoende av vilka integrationsåtgärder som vidtas före avresan, kan fortbildning och språkkurser i ursprungslandet hjälpa invandrare att utveckla sina kvalifikationer, anpassa sig till arbetskraftsbehovet i EU och därigenom öka sina möjligheter att hitta ett lagligt arbete. KOM(2005) 597. politiska, tekniska och ekonomiska möjligheterna att genom EG-finansiering stödja inrättandet av lämpliga fortbildningsstrukturer som lyder under lokala myndigheters eller icke statliga organisationers ansvar kommer att undersökas noga. Oavsett av vilka åtgärder som vidtas bör en arbetstagares rätt till inresa och vistelse inte vara beroende av att vederbörande genomgått sådana kurser, även om man kan tänka sig vissa lättnader för kursdeltagare. Med denna strategiska plan har kommissionen utfört den uppgift den fick sig tilldelad genom Haagprogrammet, och kommenterat de idéer och förslag som framfördes under det offentliga samrådet. kommer detaljerade åtgärder att föreslås. kommer analyser att genomföras (se bilaga I). Ytterligare diskussioner och samråd med experter från medlemsstaterna, arbetsmarknadens parter och andra intresserade kommer att äga rum under processens gång. I.Roadmap for the proposed measures This roadmap should be considered as indicative and not exhaustive, as other actions may be scheduled in the coming years. It gives an overview of the Commissions intentions, but its implementation will depend, amongst other things, on the necessary preliminary work including impact assessments and consultations to be carried out before putting forward the concrete proposals, as explained in the main text of the policy plan on legal migration. Discussion with and consultation of the relevant experts (from Member States, the other EU institutions and international organisations , social partners, civil society, etc) in preparation of the possible legislative instruments for the entry and of third-country nationals (will continue throughout the 2006-2009 period). 3.1.- Research studies and dissemination of available results (will continue throughout the 2006-2009 period), in particular studies on job-seekers permits and on highly skilled schemes, including the creation of a possible EU green card system (for 2006); -Activities under the umbrella of Year of Workers Mobility -Feasibility analysis and possibly pilot phase of the EU migration portal. 3.2.Development of the new EURES Guidelines 3.3.- Analysis of the contributions to the on the Future of (), adopted in 2005, and selected expert meeting (2006); -Depending on the outcome of the public consultation: decision on the future of EMN and, if it is to be maintained, adoption by the Commission of a proposal to provide a legal base for the network (second half of 2006). 4.- Implementation of measures for integration via the ESF (will continue throughout the 2006-2009 period); -Annual call for proposals for preparatory actions for integration of thirdcountry nationals INTI. INTI should be followed by Fund for the Integration of third-country nationals proposed by the Commission under the financial perspectives 2007-2013; -Handbook on integration for policy-makers and practitioners second edition, covering also integration in the labour market; -Integration website: pilot phase. It will also contain best practice in the area of integration in the labour market. 5.- With a view to and facilitate circular migration, analysis of the transposition and implementation in particular of Art. 9 of Council directive 2003/109/EC (long-term residents) by the Member States (to be continued in 2007); -Feasibility studies on long-term multi-entry visas and on how to effectively implement circular migration. -Availability of financial support under EU financial instruments for pilot projects for the creation of training structures in the countries of origin (from 2006). - Presentation by the Commission of proposals for the framework directive and for the directive on the conditions of entry and of 2.2.1.highly skilled workers (negotiations in Council will start in 2007 and, if necessary, continue in 2008). 2.3.Starting a process of reflection on the revision of existing directives based on the actual implementation by the Member States, including discussion with the relevant stakeholders (will be carried out throughout the period according to the transposition date of the different measures). 3.1.- Activities under the umbrella of Year of Equal Opportunities; - Launch of information campaigns explaining the EU policies on immigration (continuation in the following years); Setting-up of an operational EU migration portal (end of 2007). 3.2.- Adaptation of the EURES portal. 3.3.- Depending on the outcome of 2006 consultation: start-up of 'new' EMN, i.e. with legal basis and new structure resulting from the consultation and legal basis procedure, definition of longer term priorities (for next two years) and further consolidation and incorporation of representatives from all the Member States. 4.European Integration Forum to bring together a range of stakeholders at EU level, including social partners and local authorities. 5.- Feasibility of a system to monitor migration of skilled workers from developing countries to the EU with a view to identifying significant cases of brain drain; - Feasibility of workable temporary migration schemes, including incentives to the voluntary return of migrants; - Feasibility/opportunity analysis of the database of third-country nationals having left the EU at the end of their temporary /work permit (returnees database); - Conference with the Member States, third-countries and other relevant stakeholders on how to concretely encourage and develop brain circulation and return migration. - Presentation by the Commission of a proposal for a directive on the conditions of entry and of seasonal workers. Proposals for amendments of the existing directives, where necessary and based on the 2007 analysis and consultations (could continue in 2009 and Follow-up activities on the EURES portal. - Impact assessment on the implementation of measures to support integration via the ESF and, if necessary, via other Community - Setting up of a system to monitor migration of skilled workers from developing countries to the EU with a view to identifying significant cases of brain drain; - Based on the 2007 feasibility analysis, possible proposal for setting up the returnees database. - Presentation by the Commission of two proposals for a directive on the procedures regulating the entry into, temporary stay and of intra-corporate transferees and on the conditions of entry and of - Based on preceding studies and feasibility analysis, possible presentation of proposals for concretely support circular and return The following bibliography contains the full reference of the documents and legislative instruments and proposals quoted in the Policy Plan, together with other documents which are considered of relevance for the issues discussed in the text. It must nevertheless not be considered as exhaustive of the literature/instruments existing in this field. A. Article 63 of the : [] shall adopt: 3. measures on immigration policy within the following areas: (a) conditions of entry and , and standards on procedures for the issue by Member States of long-term visas and permits, including those for the purpose of family , (b) illegal immigration and illegal , including repatriation of illegal residents; 4. measures defining the rights and conditions under which nationals of third countries who are legally resident in a may reside in other Member States. Measures adopted by the Council pursuant to points 3 and 4 shall not prevent any from maintaining or introducing in the areas concerned national provisions which are compatible with this Treaty and with international agreements. Legislative instruments and proposals: (1)Council Directive 2005/71/EC of on a specific procedure for admitting third-country nationals for purposes of scientific research; (2)Council Recommendation 2005/762/EC of 12 October 2005 to facilitate the admission of third-country nationals to carry out scientific research in Community; (3)Recommendation 2005/761/EC of Parliament and of the Council of to facilitate the issue by the Member States of uniform short-stay visas for researchers from third countries travelling within the Community for the purpose of carrying out scientific research; (4)Proposal for a Council Decision on the of a mutual information procedure concerning Member States measures in the areas of asylum and immigration, COM(2005)480 final; (5)Proposal for a Regulation of Parliament and of statistics on migration and international protection, COM(2005)375 final; (6)Council Decision of 12 2005 on guidelines for the employment policies of the Member States, OJ L 205 of 06.08.2005 (New Agenda). (7)Council Directive 2004/114/EC of on the conditions of admission of third-country nationals for the purposes of studies, pupil exchange, unremunerated training or voluntary service (applicable as of 12 January 2007); (8)Council Directive 2003/109/EC of concerning the status of thirdcountry nationals who are long-term residents (applicable as of 26 January 2006) (9)Council Directive 2003/86/EC of on the right to family reunification (applicable as of 3 October 2005); (10)Council Regulation (EC) No 859/2003 of 14 2003 extending the provisions of Regulation (EEC) No 1408/71 and Regulation (EEC) No 574/72 to nationals of third countries who are not already covered by those provisions solely on the ground of their nationality; (11)Proposal for a Council Directive on the conditions of entry and of thirdcountry nationals for the purpose of paid employment and self-employed economic activities (COM(2001)386); (12)Council Directive 2000/43/EC of 29 2000 implementing the principle of equal treatment between persons irrespective of racial or ethnic origin; (13)Council Directive 2000/78/EC of establishing a general framework for equal treatment in employment and occupation; (14)Council Resolution of 20 1994 on limitations on the admission of third-country nationals to the territory of the Member States for employment; (15)Council Resolution of relating to the limitations admission of third-country nationals to the territory of the Member States for the purpose of pursuing activities as self-employed persons; (16)Council Regulation (EEC) n°1612/1968 on freedom of movement for workers (in particular, article 19(2) for the Community preference). (1)Communication from the Commission on EU/EC Strategy for Action on the Crisis in for Health in Developing Countries, COM(2005) 642; (2)Communication from the Commission on Priority actions for responding to the challenges of migration: first follow up to Hampton Court, COM(2005)621 final; (3)paper on The future of migration network, COM(2005)606 final; (4)Communication from the Commission on Improved effectiveness, enhanced interoperability and synergies among European databases in the area of and Home Affairs, COM(2005)597 final; (5)Communication from the Commission on European values in the globalised world: Contribution of the Commission to the October Meeting of Heads of State and Government, COM(2005)525 final; (6)Communication from the Commission on A Common Agenda for Integration: Framework for the Integration of in Union, COM (2005)389 final; (7)Communication from the Commission on Migration and Development: Some concrete orientations, COM (2005)390 final; (8)on Confronting demographic change: a new solidarity between the generations, COM(2005)94 final; (9)on An EU approach to managing economic migration, COM(2004)811 final; (10)Communication from the Commission Study on the links between legal and illegal immigration, COM (2004)412 final; (11)First Annual Report on Migration and Integration, COM(2004)508 final; (12)Communication from the Commission on Immigration, integration and employment, COM(2003)336 final; (13)Communication from the Commission on Integrating migration issues in the EU relations with third countries, COM(2002)703 final; (14)Communication from the Commission on A Community immigration policy, COM(2000)757 final; D.Eurostat publications and statistics: (15), Euro-indicators, news release, 141/2005 of , (CAT_PREREL_YEAR_2005/PGE_CAT_PREREL_YEAR_2005_MONTH_11/3- 04112005-EN-BP.PDF). (16), Statistics in Focus, Population and Social Conditions, 15/2005, Population in Europe 2004 First results (NK-05-015/EN/KS-NK-05-015-EN.PDF). (17), news release, STAT/05/48 of , Population projections 2004- 2050 (CAT_PREREL_YEAR_2005/PGE_CAT_PREREL_YEAR_2005_MONTH_04/3- 08042005-EN-AP.PDF). E.Studies and other documents: (18)Council Conclusions on A Common Agenda for Integration, Council Document 14390/05 of 1-2 December 2005; (19)European Commission, The 2005 EPC projections of age-related expenditure (2004- 2050) for the EU-25 Member States: underlying assumptions and projection methodologies, European Economy Special Reports N°19, (p19en.pdf); (20), Migration 2005 report, (); (21)European Commission, DG , Freedom and Security, Handbook on integration for policy makers and practitioners, , written by the , . The handbook can be downloaded from the following address: book_en.pdf; (22)Common Basic Principles on integration, Council Document 14615/04 of ; (23)Studies on labour migration, , (), ; papers prepared for Commission, DG Employment and Social Affairs, 2004, available at: d_en.htm. The papers examine best practice regarding recruitment of labour migrants, projecting future labour needs and labour market integration in countries as well as in other industrialised countries. They were prepared by experts from the MRG, in cooperation with , ; (24)Admission of third-country nationals for paid employment or self-employed activity, European Commission, Directorate General for and Home Affairs, 2001, . The study, undertaken by and between and 2000, analysed and compared the legal and administrative frameworks in the EU-15 concerning the admission of third-country nationals to the EU Member States for the purposes of paid employment and selfemployment. D.International organisations studies and documents: (25)Report of the Global Commission on International Migration, Migration in an interconnected world: New directions for action, (); (26)report, International Migration, Remittances and the Brain Drain, eds. M. and C. Özden, October 2005 (20693491&pagePK=64168182&piPK=64168060); (27)action plan on migrant workers adopted by the 2004 (-eng.pdf); (28), Towards a fair deal for migrant workers in the global economy (), 2004. III.EU acquis concerning the right to work for third-county nationals Article(s) Text of the Article 2001/55/EC The Member States shall authorise, for a period not exceeding that of temporary protection, persons enjoying temporary protection to engage in employed or self- protection in the event of employed activities, subject to rules applicable to the a mass influx of displaced profession, as well as in activities such as educational persons and on measures opportunities for adults, vocational training and practical For reasons of labour market policies, Member States may give priority to EU citizens and citizens of States bound by the Agreement on the European Economic Area and also to legally resident third- country nationals who receive unemployment benefit. Journal L 212, general law in force in the Member States applicable to 07/08/2001 remuneration, access to social security systems relating to employed or self-employed activities and other conditions of employment shall apply. 2003/9/EC Member States shall determine a period of time, starting from the date on which an application for asylum was lodged, during which an applicant shall not have access to the labour market. If a decision at first instance has not been taken within 06/02/2003 one year of the presentation of an application for asylum and this delay cannot be attributed to the applicant, Member States shall decide the conditions for granting access to the labour market for the applicant. Access to the labour market shall not be withdrawn during appeals procedures, where an appeal against a negative decision in a regular procedure has suspensive effect, until such time as a negative decision on the appeal For reasons of labour market policies, Member States may give priority to EU citizens and nationals of States parties to the Agreement on Economic Area and also to legally resident third-country nationals. 2003/86/EC The sponsor's family members shall be entitled, in the on the right to family same way as the sponsor, to: () (b) access to employment and self-employed activity; () 03/10/2003 Member States may decide according to national law the conditions under which family members shall exercise an employed or self-employed activity. set a time limit which shall in no case exceed 12 months, during which Member States may examine the situation of their labour market before authorising family members to exercise an employed or self-employed activity. Member States may restrict access to employment or self-employed activity by first-degree relatives in the direct ascending line or adult unmarried children to whom Article 4(2) applies. Directive 2003/109/EC Long-term residents shall enjoy equal treatment with nationals as regards: (a) access 23/01/2004 conditions of employment and working conditions, including conditions regarding dismissal and remuneration; Member States may restrict equal treatment with nationals in the following cases: (a) Member States may retain restrictions to access to employment or self-employed activities in cases where, in accordance with existing national or Community legislation, these activities are reserved to nationals, EU or EEA