prop · GP03157 · 2002-03-14 00:00:00 — In the event that the number of indivi- duals so designated exceeds the passenger capacity of the observation aircraft, the States Parties participating in the certification shall agree which of its personnel shall participate in the in-flight examination. 7.Personnel of the States Parties designated pursuant to paragraph 6 of this Section shall have the right to observe the operation of the sensors by personnel of the State Party conducting the certification. 8.Personnel of the States Parties taking part in the certification shall have the right to monitor the unsealing of the film cassette and the stora- ge, processing and handling of the original film negative exposed during the in-flight examination, in accordance with the provisions of , Section II to the Treaty. Upon completion of the ground and in-flight examinations, data col- lected by sensors and from the calibration targets shall be examined jointly by the State Party conducting the certification and the States Par- ties taking part in the certification. These States Parties shall prepare a certification report which shall establish: (A)that the observation aircraft is of a type and model designated pursuant to Article V of the Treaty; (B)that the sensors installed on the observation aircraft are of a ca- tegory provided for in Article IV, paragraph 1 of the Treaty and satisfy the requirements of Article IV, paragraph 2 of the Treaty; (C)that the technical information on sensors has been provided in accordance with , Section I to the Treaty; (D)in the event that the ground resolution of a sensor is dependent upon height above ground level, the minimum height above ground level at which each such sensor on an observation airc- raft of that type and model may be operated during an observa- tion flight pursuant to the limitation on ground resolution speci- fied in Article IV, paragraph 2 of the Treaty; (E)in the event that the ground resolution is not dependent upon height above ground level, the ground resolution of each such sensor installed on an observation aircraft of that type and mo- del, pursuant to the limitations on ground resolution specified in Article IV, paragraph 2 of the Treaty; and (F)that the covers for sensor apertures or other devices that inhibit the operation of sensors are in accordance with the provisions of Article IV, paragraph 4 of the Treaty. 2.A copy of the information for each sensor provided pursuant to Sec- tion I, paragraph 6 and Section II, paragraphs 3 and 8 of this be attached to the certification report. 3.Copies of the certification report shall be provided to all other States Parties by the State Party conducting the certification. States Parties that did not take part in the certification shall not have the right to reject the conclusions contained in the certification report. 4.An observation aircraft and its associated set of sensors shall be deemed to be certified unless the States Parties taking part in the certifi- cation are unable to reach agreement on the contents of the certification report. 5.In the event that the State Party conducting the certification and Sta- tes Parties taking part in the certification are unable to reach agreement on the contents of the certification report, the observation aircraft shall not be used for observation flights until the issue is resolved. METHODOLOGIES FOR THE VERIFICATION OF THE PERFORMANCE OF SENSORS INSTALLED ON AN OB- SERVATION AIRCRAFT The ground resolution of each sensor installed on the observation airc- raft, and, where its performance depends on height above ground level, the minimum height above ground level at which this sensor may be ope- rated during an observation flight, shall be determined and confirmed on the basis of data collected over calibration targets appropriate to each category of sensor in accordance with the specifications in Section I and calculated in accordance with the methodologies to be determined within the Open Skies Consultative Commission. SECTION I. SPECIFICATIONS FOR CALIBRATION TARGETS 1.Calibration targets shall be provided by the State Party conducting the certification in accordance with the provisions of to the Treaty. Such calibration targets shall be used to establish the ground re- solution of sensors, of a type appropriate to each sensor category, and designed in accordance with characteristics specified below. 2.Calibration targets for establishing the ground resolution of optical cameras shall consist of a series of groups of alternating black and white bars. Each group of bars shall consist of a minimum of two black bars separated by a white bar. The width of black and white bars within a group shall remain . The width of the bars in groups of bars in the calibration target shall change in steps sufficient to ensure accurate measurement of the ground resolution. The length of the bars shall rema- in within each group. The contrast ratio of the black to white bars shall be consistent throughout the target and shall be at least 5 to 1 (equivalent to a modulation of 0.66). 3.Calibration targets for establishing the ground resolution of infra-red line-scanning devices shall be determined within the Open Skies Consul- tative Commission during the period of provisional application. 4.Calibration targets for establishing the ground resolution of side- ways-looking synthetic aperture radar shall consist of arrays of trihedral corner reflectors whose configuration shall be in accordance with the methodologies determined within the Open Skies Consultative Commis- sion during the period of provisional application. 5.Each State Party shall provide all other States Parties with a diagram of the calibration targets that it intends to use for the purpose of in-flight examination. Such diagrams shall be annotated with the overall dimen- sions of the calibration targets, their locations and the type of terrain on which they are deployed, as well as the information appropriate to each type of calibration target as determined within the Open Skies Consulta- tive Commission during the period of provisional application. CONDUCT OF IN FLIGHT EXAMINATION 1.In order to establish the ground resolution of panoramic or vertical- ly-installed framing cameras, the line of flight of the observation aircraft shall be directly over and parallel to the calibration target. In order to establish the ground resolution of obliquely-installed framing cameras, the line of flight of the observation aircraft shall be parallel to the calibra- tion target at a range such that the image of the calibration target appears in the foreground of the field of view of the optical camera set at its max- imum angle measured from the horizontal or minimum angle measured from the vertical. 2.In order to establish the ground resolution of an infra-red line- scanning device, the line of flight of the observation aircraft shall be di- rectly over and parallel to the calibration target at an agreed range of heights above ground level. 3.In order to establish the ground resolution of a sideways-looking synthetic aperture radar, the line of flight of the observation aircraft shall be to the side of the array of the corner reflectors. ANALYSIS OF DATA COLLECTED DURING THE IN-FLIGHT EXAMINATION 1.Following the in-flight examination, the State Party conducting the certification and the States Parties taking part in the certification shall jointly analyse the data collected during the in-flight examination pursu- ant to , Section IV, paragraph 1 to the Treaty. 2.The methodology for calculating the minimum height above ground level at which each optical camera installed on the observation aircraft may be operated during an observation flight, including the value of the contrast ratio or the equivalent modulation to be used in this calculation, which shall be not less than 1.6:1 (correspondingly 0.23) and not greater than 4:1 (correspondingly 0.6), shall be determined within the Open Ski- es Consultative Commission during the period of provisional application and prior to 30 1992. The ground resolution of optical cameras shall be determined from a visual analysis of the image of the calibration tar- get on the original film negative. The numerical value of ground resolu- tion shall be equal to the width of the smallest bar of the calibration tar- get that is distinguishable as a separate bar. 3.The methodology for calculating the minimum height above ground level at which each video camera installed on the observation aircraft may be operated during an observation flight shall be determined within the Open Skies Consultative Commission during the period of provisio- nal application. 4.The methodology for calculating the minimum height above ground level at which an infra-red line-scanning device installed on the observa- tion aircraft may be operated during an observation flight, including the value of the minimum resolvable temperature difference to be used in this calculation, shall be determined within the Open Skies Consultative Commission during the period of provisional application. 5.The methodology for calculating the ground resolution of a side- ways-looking synthetic aperture radar, including the determination of the relationship between the impulse response method and the object separa- tion method, shall be determined within the Open Skies Consultative Commission during the period of provisional application. PROCEDURES FOR ARRIVALS AND DEPARTURES 1.Each State Party shall designate one or more points of entry, one or more points of exit, and one or more Open Skies airfields on its territory. Points of entry and points of exit may or may not be the same as the Open Skies airfields. Unless otherwise agreed, if an Open Skies airfield is different from a point of entry, the Open Skies airfield shall be desig- nated so that the observing Party can reach the Open Skies airfield within five hours from the point of entry either in its own observation aircraft or in transportation provided by the observed Party. The observing Party, after arriving at a point of entry or an Open Skies airfield, shall have the right to a rest period, subject to the provisions of Article VI of the Treaty. 2.Each State Party shall have the right to designate entry fixes and exit fixes. If a State Party elects to designate entry fixes and exit fixes, such fixes shall facilitate flight from the territory of the observing Party to the point of entry of the observed Party. Planned flights between entry fixes and points of entry and between points of exit and exit fixes shall be conducted in accordance with published standards and recommen- ded practices and national regulations. In the event that portions of the flights between entry fixes and points of entry or between points of exit and exit fixes lie in international airspace, the flight through international airspace shall be conducted in accordance with published international regulations. Information on points of entry and points of exit, Open Skies airfi- elds, entry fixes and exit fixes, refuelling airfields, and calibration targets shall initially be as specified in Appendix 1 to this . 4.A State Party shall have the right to introduce changes to Appendix 1 to this by notifying all other States Parties of such changes, in writing, no less than 90 days before such changes become effective. 5.Each State Party shall ensure effective observation of its entire terri- tory as follows: (A)for its mainland territory, Open Skies airfields shall be designa- ted in such a way that no point on its territory is farther from one or more such airfields than 35 per cent of the maximum flight distance or distances established for that State Party in accor- dance with to the Treaty; (B)for portions of its territory that are separated from the mainland territory: (1)that State Party shall apply the provisions of subparagraph (A) of this paragraph; or (2)in the event that the portion or portions of the territory are separated from the mainland territory by more than 600 kilome- tres, or if agreed between that State Party and the observing Par- ty, or if otherwise provided for in , that State Party shall provide special procedures, including the possible use of refuelling airfields; or (3)in the event that a portion or portions of the territory are se- parated from the mainland territory by less than 600 kilometres, and such portion or portions of the territory are not covered by the provisions of subparagraph (A) of this paragraph, that State Party may specify a separate maxi- mum flight distance in to cover such portion or por- tions of its territory. 6.Immediately upon the arrival of an observation aircraft at the point of entry, and immediately prior to the departure of an observation aircraft from the point of exit, both the observed and observing Parties shall in- spect the covers for sensor apertures or other devices that inhibit the ope- ration of sensors installed in accordance with Article IV, paragraph 4. In the event that the point of entry is different from the Open Skies airfield from which the observation flight commences, both the observed and observing Parties shall inspect the covers for sensor apertures or other devices that inhibit the operation of sensors immediately prior to departu- re of the observation aircraft from the point of entry en route to the Open Skies airfield from which the observation flight commences. In the event that the point of exit is different from the Open Skies airfield at which the observation flight terminates, both the observed and observing Parties shall inspect the covers for sensor apertures or other devices that inhibit the operation of sensors immediately prior to departure of the observa- tion aircraft from such airfield en route to the point of exit. 7.A State Party shall have the right to conduct an examination and in- ventory of the items of equipment that the other State Party intends to use for the purpose of conducting a pre-flight inspection of sensors and, if applicable, the observation aircraft, as well as items that the flight repre- sentatives intend to bring on board the observation aircraft. nation and inventory: (A)shall begin no later than one hour after arrival of such items at the point of entry or the Open Skies airfield, at the choice of the State Party conducting the inventory, and shall be completed within one hour; and (B)shall be carried out in the presence of one or more designated individuals of the other State Party. 8.If, during the examination and inventory of the items of equipment to be used in the sensor inspection and, if applicable, observation aircraft inspection, as well as the items that the flight representatives intend to bring on board the observation aircraft, the State Party conducting the examination and inventory determines that the items do not conform to the list of authorized equipment contained in , Section II, para- graph 5, or to the items described in , Section I, paragraph 4, it shall have the right to deny permission for the use of such items. Items so identified that are brought into the territory of the observed Party by the observing Party shall be, unless otherwise agreed: (A)placed in a sealed container for safekeeping; and (B)subsequently removed from the territory of the observed Party at the earliest opportunity, but not later than the departure of the observing Party from the territory of the observed Party. 9.In the event that the observing Party to the point of entry specified in the notification provided in accordance with Article VI, Sec- tion I, paragraph 5 of this Treaty, using a transport aircraft registered with the observing Party or with another State Party, the transport aircraft shall be permitted: (A)to depart from the territory of the observed Party; (B)in the event that the point of entry is the same as the point of exit, to remain at the point of entry until departure of the obser- ving Party from the territory of the observed Party; or (C)in the event that the point of entry is not the same as the point of exit, to fly to the point of exit in sufficient time for further crew rest prior to departure of all the personnel of the observing Party from the territory of the observed Party. 10.In the event that the observation aircraft is provided by the obser- ved Party and the observing Party does not use its own transport aircraft for transporting its personnel from the point of entry to the Open Skies airfield, the observed Party shall ensure that the personnel of the obser- ving Party are transported from the point of entry to the Open Skies airfi- eld and from the Open Skies airfield to the point of exit. SECTION I. DESIGNATION OF SITES The sites to be used as points of entry, points of exit, Open Skies airfi- elds, refuelling airfields, calibration targets, and, if applicable, entry fixes and exit fixes are initially as specified in Section II of this Appendix. The designation includes: (A)Site: name of point of entry, point of exit, Open Skies airfield, entry fix, exit fix, refuelling airfield, and calibration target; (B)Location: latitude and longitude of the respective site, to the nearest second; and (C)Inspection: whether or not the pre-flight inspection of the air- craft or the sensors can be conducted at this site. POINTS OF ENTRY, POINTS OF EXIT, OPEN AIRFIELDS, ENTRY FIXES, EXIT FIXES, REFUELLING AIRFIELDS, AND CALIBRATION TARGETS The Federal Republic of POINT OF ENTRY/EXIT ENTRY/EXIT FIXES POINTS OF ENTRY/EXIT ENTRY/EXIT FIXES State Party: Republic of and group of States Parties POINTS OF ENTRY/EXIT ENTRY/EXIT FIXES POINT OF ENTRY/EXIT ENTRY/EXIT FIXES POINT OF ENTRY/EXIT ENTRY/EXIT FIXES POINT OF ENTRY/EXIT ENTRY/EXIT FIXES POINTS OF ENTRY/EXIT ENTRY/EXIT FIXES POINT OF ENTRY/EXIT POINT OF ENTRY/EXIT FOR CANARY ENTRY/EXIT FIXES POINT OF ENTRY/EXIT Nice-Côte d'Azur ENTRY/EXIT FIXES State Party: The of and Northern POINTS OF ENTRY/EXIT NOTE: is for arrival of personnel on scheduled passenger ser- vices only. Not for observation or transport aircraft. ENTRY/EXIT FIXES To be determined by FAA State Party: The Hellenic Republic POINT OF ENTRY/EXIT POINTS OF ENTRY/EXIT ENTRY/EXIT FIXES POINT OF ENTRY/EXIT ENTRY/EXIT FIXES POINTS OF ENTRY/EXIT ENTRY/EXIT FIXES The above-mentioned Open Skies airfields POINT OF ENTRY/EXIT ENTRY/EXIT FIXES POINT OF ENTRY/EXIT ENTRY/EXIT FIXES POINT OF ENTRY/EXIT ENTRY/EXIT FIXES POINTS OF ENTRY/EXIT ENTRY/EXIT FIXES The Czech and Slovak Federal Republic POINT OF ENTRY/EXIT ENTRY/EXIT FIXES POINTS OF ENTRY/EXIT ENTRY/EXIT FIXES POINT OF ENTRY/EXIT ENTRY/EXIT FIXES PRE-FLIGHT INSPECTIONS AND DEMONSTRATION FLIGHTS SECTION I. PRE-FLIGHT INSPECTION OF OBSERVA- SENSORS OF THE OBSERVING 1.The purpose of the pre-flight inspection of observation aircraft and sensors provided by the observing Party is to confirm that the observa- tion aircraft, its sensors and associated equipment correspond to those certified in accordance with the provisions of to the Treaty. The observed Party shall have the right to conduct a pre-flight inspection of an observation aircraft and its sensors provided by the observing Party to confirm that: (A) the observation aircraft, its sensors and associated equipment inc- luding, where applicable, lens and photographic film, correspond to those certified in accordance with the provisions of to the Treaty; and (B) there are no items of equipment on board the observation aircraft other than those permitted by Article IV of the Treaty. 2.Upon arrival of the observation aircraft at the point of entry the ob- served Party shall: (A) provide a list of the inspectors, the number of whom shall not ex- ceed ten persons, unless otherwise agreed, including the general function of each of the inspectors; (B) provide a list of the items of equipment that they intend to use du- ring the pre-flight inspection provided for in , Section II, para- graph 5 to the Treaty; and (C) inform the observing Party of its plan for the pre-flight inspection of the observation aircraft and its sensors. 3.Prior to the commencement of the pre-flight inspection, a designated individual from the observing Party shall: (A) brief the observed Party on the inventory procedures which shall be followed to confirm that all inspection equipment, as well as any non- destructive-testing equipment as provided for in paragraph 7 of this Sec- tion, brought on board the observation aircraft by the inspectors has been removed from the observation aircraft upon conclusion of the pre-flight inspection; (B) together with the inspectors, conduct an examination and inventory of each item of equipment to be used during the pre-flight inspection; and (C) brief the inspectors on all safety precautions that they shall observe during the pre-flight inspection of the observation aircraft and its sensors. 4.The pre-flight inspection shall not begin until the completion of the formal arrival procedures and shall take no longer than eight hours. 5.The observing Party shall have the right to provide its own escorts to accompany the inspectors throughout the pre-flight inspection of the ob- servation aircraft and its sensors to confirm that the inspection is conduc- ted in accordance with the provisions of this Section. ty shall facilitate the inspection in accordance with the procedures speci- fied in , Section II, paragraphs 7 and 8 to the Treaty. 6.In conducting the pre-flight inspection, the inspectors shall have the right of access to the observation aircraft, its sensors and associated equipment, in the same as provided for in , Section II, paragraph 10, and shall comply with the provisions of , Section II, paragraphs 11 and 12 to the Treaty. 7.For the purposes of this inspection, the observed Party shall have the right to take on board and use the following non-destructive-testing equipment: (A) video probe (borescope on video camera); (B) X-ray and backscatter X-ray imaging equipment; (C) ultrasonic imaging equipment; (D) logic/data analyser; (E) passive infra-red sensors; and (F) 35 millimetre camera. In addition, the observed Party shall have the right to take on board and use such other non-destructive-testing equipment as may be necessa- ry to establish that no items of equipment are on board the observation aircraft other than those permitted by Article IV of the Treaty, as may be agreed by the Open Skies Consultative Commission prior to 30 1992. 8.Upon completion of the pre-flight inspection, the inspectors shall leave the observation aircraft, and the observing Party shall have the right to use its own inventory procedures to confirm that all inspection equipment used during the pre-flight inspection has been removed from the observation aircraft. If the observed Party is unable to demonstrate this to the satisfaction of the observing Party, the observing Party shall have the right to proceed with the observation flight or to cancel it, and when the observing Party is satisfied that it is safe to do so, depart from the territory of the observed Party. In the latter case, no observation flight shall be recorded against the quota of either State Party. 9.The inspectors shall immediately inform the observing Party if they establish that the observation aircraft, its sensors or associated equipment do not correspond to those certified in accordance with the provisions of to the Treaty, or that there are items of equipment on board the observation aircraft other than those permitted by Article IV of the Trea- ty.