prop · GM0364 · 1999-01-01 00:00:00 — Sekretess med hänsyn främst till skyddet för enskilds ekonomiska förhållanden 18 § Sekretess gäller för sådan uppgift om enskilds affärs- eller driftförhållanden som har lämnats enligt 19-21 §§ lagen (1984:3) om kärnteknisk verksamhet eller i ärende om underrättelse och information eller bistånd enligt konventionerna om tidig information vid en kärnenergiolycka och om bistånd i händelse av en kärnteknisk olycka eller ett nödläge med radioaktiva ämnen, om det kan antas att den enskilde lider skada om uppgiften röjs. Regeringen kan för särskilt fall förordna om undantag från sekretessen, om den finner det vara av vikt att uppgiften lämnas. 18 § Sekretess gäller för sådan uppgift om enskilds affärs- eller driftförhållanden som har lämnats enligt 19-21 §§ lagen (1984:3) om kärnteknisk verksamhet eller i ärende om underrättelse och information eller bistånd enligt konventionerna om tidig information vid en kärnenergiolycka och om bistånd i händelse av en kärnteknisk olycka eller ett nödläge med radioaktiva ämnen samt om gränsöverskridande effekter av industriolyckor, om det kan antas att den enskilde lider skada om uppgiften röjs. Regeringen kan för särskilt fall förordna om undantag från sekretessen, om den finner det vara av vikt att uppgiften lämnas. I fråga om uppgift i allmän handling gäller sekretessen i högst . Denna lag träder i kraft . Förslag till lag om ändring av räddningstjänstlagen (1986:1102) Härigenom föreskrivs dels att 2, 27 b, 30, 33 och 43 §§ skall ha följande lydelse, dels att det i lagen införs en ny paragraf, 43 a §, som skall ha följande lydelse. Nuvarande lydelse Föreslagen lydelse 2 § Med räddningstjänst avses i lagen de räddningsinsatser som staten eller kommunerna skall svara för vid olyckshändelser och överhängande fara för olyckshändelser för att hindra och begränsa skador på människor eller egendom eller i miljön. Till räddningstjänst hänförs också räddningsinsatser som görs enligt 25-27a §§ utan att det har inträffat någon olyckshändelse eller föreligger överhängande fara för en olyckshändelse. Till räddningstjänst hänförs också räddningsinsatser som görs enligt 25-27b §§ utan att det har inträffat någon olyckshändelse eller före- ligger överhängande fara för en olyckshändelse. Skyldighet för staten eller kommun att göra en räddningsinsats föreligger endast, om det med hänsyn till behovet av ett snabbt ingripande, det hotade intressets vikt, kostnaderna för insatsen och omständigheterna i övrigt är påkallat att staten eller kommunen svarar för insatsen. 27b § Inom Sveriges sjöterritorium, med undantag för vattendrag, kanaler, hamnar och andra insjöar än , och , samt inom ekonomiska zon skall svara för räddningstjänsten, när olja eller andra skadliga ämnen har kommit ut i vattnet. 27b § Inom Sveriges sjöterritorium, med undantag för vattendrag, kanaler, hamnar och andra insjöar än , och , samt inom ekonomiska zon skall svara för räddningstjänsten, när olja eller andra skadliga ämnen har kommit ut i vattnet eller när fara föreligger för att olja eller andra skadliga ämnen skall komma ut i vattnet. 30§ Kommunerna och de statliga myndigheter som svarar för rädd- ningstjänst skall se till att det finns anordningar för alarmering av rädd- ningstjänstorganen. När ett räddningsorgan gör en räddningsinsats, skall polismyndigheten underrättas om insatsen. Om effekterna av en olyckshändelse kan påkalla särskilda åtgärder till skydd för befolkningen eller miljön i ett annat land än , skall det räddningsorgan som avses i andra stycket underrätta berörd myndighet i det andra landet. 33 § I fråga om räddningsinsatser som är omfattande får regeringen föreskriva eller i särskilt fall bestämma, att en länsstyrelse eller någon annan statlig myndighet skall ta över ansvaret för räddningstjänsten inom en eller flera kommuner. I sådana fall utses räddningsledare av den myndighet som har fått ansvaret. 33 § I fråga om räddningsinsatser som är omfattande får regeringen föreskriva eller i särskilt fall bestämma, att en länsstyrelse eller någon annan statlig myndighet skall ta över ansvaret för räddningstjänsten inom en eller flera kommuner. Det samma gäller när ansvaret för en räddningsinsats både ligger på ett kommunalt och statligt organ eller när ansvaret förändras under insatsens gång. I sådana fall utses räddningsledaren av den myndighet som har fått ansvaret. I fråga om sanering efter utsläpp av radioaktiva ämnen från en kärnteknisk anläggning får regeringen föreskriva eller i särskilda fall besluta, att en länsstyrelse skall ta över ansvaret för saneringen inom flera län eller att någon annan statlig myndighet skall ta över detta ansvar inom ett eller flera län. 43 § Vid en anläggning, där verk- samheten innebär fara för att en olyckshändelse skall orsaka allvar- liga skador på människor eller i miljön, är anläggningens ägare eller innehavare skyldig att i skälig omfattning hålla eller bekosta beredskap med personal och egendom och i övrigt vidta erforderliga åtgärder för att hindra eller begränsa sådana skador. 43 § Vid en byggnad eller anlägg- ning, där en olyckshändelse kan orsaka allvarliga skador på män- niskor eller i miljön, är byggnadens eller anläggningens ägare eller innehavare skyldig att i skälig omfattning hålla eller bekosta beredskap med personal och egendom och i övrigt vidta erforderliga åtgärder för att förebygga sådana olyckshändelser och för att hindra eller begränsa skador till följd av sådana olyckshändelser. Detsamma skall gälla flygplatser som har godkänts enligt 6 kap. 9 § första stycket luftfartslagen (1957:297). 43 a § Förebyggande åtgärder enligt 41 och 43 §§ skall vidtas om inte ägaren eller innehavaren kan visa att åtgärderna inte behövs med hänsyn till risken för brand eller annan olyckshändelse eller av annan anledning är oskäliga. Denna lag träder i kraft . Förteckning över remissinstanserna , Justitiekanslern, , , , Kammarrätten i , Länsrätten i , Försvarsmakten och generalläkaren vid Försvarsmakten, Kustbevak- ningen, , , , , , , , , Riks- revisionsverket, vid , Arbetar- skyddsstyrelsen, , , , i län, i västra , i , i , , Kemikalieinspektionen, , , kommun, kommun, kommun, kommun, , , , Svenska , , (), Akademikers (), i (LO), (), , Kemiska Industrikontor (Kemikontoret), , , , (M 1993:04), Hallandsås- kommissionen (M 1997:04), Skogsindustrierna, samt . Konventionen om gränsöverskridande effekter av industriolyckor CONVENTION ON THE TRANS- BOUNDARY EFFECTS OF INDUSTRIAL ACCIDENTS KONVENTION OM GRÄNS- ÖVERSKRIDANDE EFFEKTER AV INDUSTRIOLYCKOR PREAMBLE The Parties to this Convention, Mindful of the special importance, in the interest of present and future generations, of protecting human beings and the environment against the effects of industrial accidents, Recognizing the importance and urgency of preventing serious adverse effects of industrial accidents on human beings and the environment, and of promoting all measures that stimulate the rational, economic and efficient use of preventive, preparedness and response measures to enable environmentally sound and sustainable economic development, Taking into account the fact that the effects of industrial accidents may make themselves felt across borders, and require co-operation among States, Affirming the need to promote cooperation among the States concerned before, during and after an accident, to enhance appropriate policies and to reinforce and co-ordinate action at all appropriate levels for promoting the prevention of, preparedness for and response to the transboundary effects of industrial accidents, Noting the importance and usefulness of bilateral and multilateral arrangements for the prevention of, preparedness for and response to the effects of industrial accidents, Conscious of the role played in this respect by the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (ECE) and recalling, inter alia, the ECE Code of Conduct on Accidental Pollution of Transboundary Inland Waters and the Convention on Environmental Impact Assessment in a Transboundary Context, Having regard to the relevant provisions of the Final Act of the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe (CSCE), the Concluding Document of the Meeting of Representatives of the Participating States of the CSCE, and the outcome of the on the Protection of the Environment of the CSCE, as well as to pertinent activities and mechanisms in the United Nations Environment Programme (), in particular the APELL programme, in the (), in particular the Code of Practise on the Prevention of Major , and in other relevant international organizations, Considering the pertinent provisions of the Declaration of the on the Human Environment, and in particular principle 21, according to which States have, in accordance with the Charter of the United Nations and the principles of international law, the sovereign right to exploit their own resources pursuant to their own environmental policies, and the responsibility to ensure that activities within their jurisdiction or control do not cause damage to the environment of other States or of areas beyond the limits of national jurisdiction, Taking account of the polluter- pays principle as a general principle of international environmental law, Underlining the principles of international law and custom, in particular the principles of good- neighbourliness, reciprocity, non- discrimination and good faith, agreed as follows: For the purposes of this Convention, (a) Industrial accident means an event resulting from an uncontrolled development in the course of any activity involving hazardous substances either: (i) In an installation, for example during manufacture, use, storage, handling, or disposal; or (ii) During transportation in so far as it is covered by paragraph 2(d) of Article 2; (b) Hazardous activity means any activity in which one or more hazardous substances are present or may be present in quantities at or in excess of the threshold quantities listed in hereto, and which is capable of causing transboundary effects; (c) Effects means any direct or indirect, immediate or delayed adverse consequences caused by an industrial accident on, inter alia: (i) Human beings, flora and fauna; (ii) Soil, water, air and landscape; (iii) The interaction between the factors in (i) and (ii); (iv) Material assets and cultural heritage, including historical monuments; (d) Transboundary effects means serious effects within the jurisdiction of a Party as a result of an industrial accident occurring within the jurisdiction of another Party; (e) Operator means any natural or legal person, including public authorities, in charge of an activity, e.g. supervising, planning to carry out or carrying out an activity; (f) Party means, unless the text otherwise indicates, a Contracting Party to this Convention; (g) Party of origin means any Party or Parties under whose jurisdiction an industrial accident occurs or is capable of occurring; (h) Affected Party means any Party or Parties affected or capable of being affected by transboundary effects of an industrial accident; (i) Parties concerned means any Party of origin and any affected Party; (j) The public means one or more natural or legal persons. This Convention shall apply to the prevention of, preparedness for and response to industrial accidents capable of causing transboundary effects, including the effects of such accidents caused by natural disasters, and to international cooperation concerning mutual assistance, research and development, exchange of information and exchange of technology in the area of prevention of, preparedness for and response to industrial accidents. This Convention shall not apply to: (a) Nuclear accidents or radiological emergencies; (b) Accidents at military installations; (c) failures, with the exception of the effects of industrial accidents caused by such failures; (d) transport accidents with the exception of: (i) Emergency response to such accidents; (ii) Transportation on the site of the hazardous activity; (e) Accidental release of genetically modified organisms; (f) Accidents caused by activities in the environment, including seabed exploration or exploitation; (g) Spills of oil or other harmful substances at sea. The Parties shall, taking into account efforts already made at national and international levels, take appropriate measures and cooperate within the framework of this Convention, to protect human beings and the environment against industrial accidents by preventing such accidents as far as possible, by reducing their frequency and severity and by mitigating their effects. To this end, preventive, preparedness and response measures, including restoration measures, shall be applied. The Parties shall, by means of exchange of information, consultation and other cooperative measures and without undue delay, develop and implement policies and strategies for reducing the risks of industrial accidents and improving preventive, preparedness and response measures, including restoration measures, taking into account, in order to avoid unnecessary duplication, efforts already made at national and international levels. The Parties shall ensure that the operator is obliged to take all measures necessary for the safe performance of the hazardous activity and for the prevention of industrial accidents. To implement the provisions of this Convention, the Parties shall take appropriate legislative, regulatory, administrative and financial measures for the prevention of, preparedness for and response to industrial accidents. The provisions of this Convention shall not prejudice any obligations of the Parties under international law with regard to industrial accidents and hazardous activities. For the purpose of undertaking preventive measures and setting up preparedness measures, the Party of origin shall take measures, as appropriate, to identify hazardous activities within its jurisdiction and to ensure that affected Parties are notified of any such proposed or existing activity. Parties concerned shall, at the initiative of any such party, enter into discussions on the identification of those hazardous activities that are, reasonably, capable of causing transboundary effects. In the Parties concerned do not agree on whether an activity is such a hazardous activity, any such Party may, unless the Parties concerned agree on another method of resolving the question, submit that question to an inquiry commission in accordance with the provision of hereto for advice. The Parties shall, with respect to proposed or existing hazardous activities, apply the procedures set out in hereto. When a hazardous activity is subject to an environmental impact assessment in accordance with the Convention on Environmental Impact Assessment in a Transboundary Context and that assessment includes an evaluation of the transboundary effects of industrial accidents from the hazardous activity which is performed in conformity with the terms of this Convention, the final decision taken for the purposes of the Convention on Environmental Impact Assessment in a Transboundary Context shall fulfil the relevant requirements of this Convention. Parties concerned should, at the initiative of any of them, enter into discussions on whether to treat an activity not covered by as a hazardous activity. Upon mutual agreement, they may use an advisory mechanism of their choice, or an inquiry commission in accordance with , to advise them. Where the Parties concerned so agree, this Convention, or any part thereof, shall apply to the activity in question as if it were a hazardous activity. The Parties shall take appropriate measures for the prevention of industrial accidents, including measures to induce action by operators to reduce the risk of industrial accidents. Such measures may include, but are not limited to those referred to in hereto. With regard to any hazardous activity, the Party of origin shall require the operator to demonstrate the safe performance of the hazardous activity by the provision of information such as basic details of the process, including but not limited to, analysis and evaluation as detailed in hereto. Within the framework of its legal system, the Party of origin shall, with the objective of minimizing the risk to the population and the environment of all affected Parties, seek the of policies on the siting of new hazardous activities and on significant modifications to existing hazardous activities. Within the framework of their legal systems, the affected Parties shall seek the of policies on significant developments in areas which could be affected by transboundary effects of an industrial accident arising out of a hazardous activity so as to minimize the risks involved. In elaborating and establishing these policies, the Parties should consider the matters set out in , paragraph 2, subparagraph (1) to (8), and hereto. The Parties shall take appropriate measures to establish and maintain adequate emergency preparedness to respond to industrial accidents. The Parties shall ensure that preparedness measures are taken to mitigate transboundary effects of such accidents, on-site duties being undertaken by operators. These measures may include, but are not limited to those referred to in hereto. In particular, the Parties concerned shall inform each other of their contingency plans. The Party of origin shall ensure for hazardous activities the preparation and implementation of on-site contingency plans, including suitable measures for response and other measures to prevent and minimize transboundary effects. The Party of origin shall provide to the other Parties concerned the elements it has for the elaboration of contingency plans. Each Party shall ensure for hazardous activities the preparation and implementation of off-site contingency plans covering measures to be taken within its territory to prevent and minimize transboundary effects. In preparing these plans, account shall be taken of the conclusions of analysis and evaluation, in particular the matters set out in , paragraph 2, subparagraphs (1) to (5). Parties concerned shall endeavour to make such plans compatible. Where appropriate, joint off site contingency plans shall be drawn up in order to facilitate the adoption of adequate response measures. Contingency plans should be reviewed regularly, or when circumstances so require, taking into account the experience gained in dealing with actual emergencies. INFORMATION TO, AND PAR- TICIPATION OF THE PUBLIC The Parties shall ensure that adequate information is given to the public in the areas capable of being affected by an industrial accident arising out of hazardous activity. This information shall be transmitted through such channels as the Parties deem appropriate, shall include the elements contained in hereto and should take into account matters set out in , paragraph 2, subparagraphs (1) to (4) and (9). The Party of origin shall, in accordance with the provisions of this Convention and whenever possible and appropriate, give the public in the areas capable of being affected an opportunity to participate in relevant procedures with the aim of making known its views and concerns on prevention and preparedness measures, and shall ensure that the opportunity given to the public of the affected Party is equivalent to that given to the public of the Party of origin. The Parties shall, in accordance with their legal systems and, if desired, on a reciprocal basis provide natural or legal persons who are being or are capable of being adversely affected by the transboundary effects of an industrial accident in the territory of a Party, with access to, and treatment in the relevant administrative and judicial proceedings, including the possibilities of starting a legal action and appealing a decision affecting their rights, equivalent to those available to persons within their own jurisdiction. INDUSTRIAL ACCIDENT NOTIFICATION SYSTEMS The Parties shall, with the aim of obtaining and transmitting industrial accident notifications containing information needed to counteract transboundary effects, provide for the and operation of compatible and efficient industrial accident notification systems at appropriate levels. In the event of an industrial accident, or imminent threat thereof, which causes or is capable of causing transboundary effects, the Party of origin shall ensure that affected Parties are, without delay, notified at appropriate levels through the industrial accident notification systems. Such notification shall include the elements contained in hereto. The Parties concerned shall ensure that, in the event of an industrial accident or imminent threat thereof, the contingency plans prepared in accordance with Article 8 are activated as soon as possible and to the extent appropriate to the circumstances. The Parties shall ensure that, in the event of an industrial accident, or imminent threat thereof, adequate response measures are taken, as soon as possible and using the most efficient practices, to contain and minimize effects. In the event of an industrial accident, or imminent threat thereof, which causes or is capable of causing transboundary effects, the Parties concerned shall ensure that the effects are assessed - where appropriate, jointly for the purpose of taking adequate response measures. The Parties concerned shall endeavour to coordinate their response measures. If a Party needs assistance in the event of an industrial accident, it may ask for assistance from other Parties, indicating the scope and type of assistance required. A Party to whom a request for assistance is directed shall promptly decide and inform the requesting Party whether it is in a position to render the assistance required and indicate the scope and terms of the assistance that might be rendered. The Parties concerned shall cooperate to facilitate the prompt provision of assistance agreed to under paragraph 1 of this Article, including, where appropriate, action to minimize the consequences and effects of the industrial accident, and to provide general assistance. Where Parties do not have bilateral or multilateral agreements which cover their arrangements for providing mutual assistance, the assistance shall be rendered in accordance with hereto, unless the Parties agree otherwise. The Parties shall support appropriate international efforts to elaborate rules, criteria and procedures in the field of responsibility and liability. The Parties shall, as appropriate, initiate and cooperate in the conduct of research into, and in the development of methods and technologies for the prevention of, preparedness for and response to industrial accidents. For these purposes, the Parties shall encourage and activily promote scientific and techological cooperation, including research into less hazardous processes aimed at limiting accident hazards and preventing and limiting the consequences of industrial accidents. The Parties shall, at the multilateral or bilateral level, exchange reasonably obtainable information, including the elements contained in hereto. The Parties shall, consistent with their laws, regulations and practices, facilitate the exchange of technology for the prevention of, preparedness for and response to the effects of industrial accidents, particularly through the promotion of: (a) Exchange of available technology on various financial basis; (b) Direct industrial contacts and cooperation; (c) Exchange of information and experience; (d) Provision of technical assistance. In promoting the activities specified in paragraph 1, subparagraphs (a) to (d) of this Article, the Parties shall create favourable conditions by facilitating contacts and cooperation among appropriate organizations and individuals in both the private and the public sectors that are capable of providing technology, design and services, equipment or finance.