sou · GLB3192d1 · 1998-01-01 00:00:00 — has not found any evidence that Yiddish has been used for sufficiently long and to a sufficient extent in for it to be regarded as a regional or minority language traditionally used in . The fact that the language today is probably used by a rather small number of persons in is also an argument against applying the provisions of the Charter to Yiddish in . However, the aspiration among Jews to preserve Yiddish and Yiddish culture as an integral part of Jewish culture is promoted by the Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities, a matter which is dealt with by section II. Does already satisfy the requirements of the Charter in respect of , Finnish and ? For to be able to ratify Charter for Regional or Minority Languages, the requirements laid down in the provisions of Part II of the Charter must be fulfilled for and Finnish, as well as (with certain restrictions since is a non-territorial language). The provisions of Part III of the Charter only apply to languages with a geographical base. In addition to ratifying Part II, can elect also to ratify Part III of the Charter in respect of languages that have a geographical base. If ratifies Part III, it must apply at least 35 paragraphs or subparagraphs from among the provisions of Part III in respect of each language. has already enacted many provisions providing protection and support for regional or minority languages, both in acts and ordinances and other measures. After reviewing the requirements of the Charter, we have found that satisfies several of the requirements of Part II with respect to , Finnish and and 33 paragraphs or subparagraphs of Part III with respect to and 29 with respect to Finnish. However, the existing Swedish provisions are selective. The requirements of the Charter can only be fulfilled in the context of a general minority language policy under which measures are coordinated and directed at the common objective of providing protection and support for regional or minority languages. There is no such policy in today. What measures must be taken by before it can ratify Charter for Regional or Minority Languages? Measures at national level For to be able to ratify the Charter, it will be necessary, in our view, to coordinate the measures currently in force and introduce some new measures for the purpose of establishing a general minority language policy in . The most important individual measure within the framework of such a policy is to recognize , Finnish and as historical minority languages. It is also important to emphasize, in various policy areas at the national level, the fact that these languages and the cultures associated with them are a valuable element of 's cultural heritage. There is also a need to disseminate information among the majority population about the history of these languages and cultures in . To this end, we propose that the historical minority languages and the culture and history associated with them be made required knowledge in the curricula for all compulsory and upper secondary school pupils. This will ensure that information about as a historically multicultural and multilingual country is disseminated on a wide front. We also propose that at least one folk high of the languages concerned receive government assistance on a long-term basis so as to be able to function as linguistic and cultural centres. To ensure that the cultures associated with the languages receive sufficient opportunities and support and be accessible to the majority population, we also propose that the provisions governing the allocation of government assistance for various kinds of cultural programmes be amended so that , Finnish Tornedal and culture receive a sufficient share of these grants. We also propose that , an authority which has a general and coordinating role in cultural policy, be instructed to take steps to ensure that , Finnish Tornedal and culture carry sufficient weight in cultural life. Further measures must also be taken in order to strengthen these languages so that they can survive and develop in accordance with the provisions of the Charter. An essential condition for this is that children and adolescents receive tuition in their respective languages. We therefore propose that the for Education be instructed to monitor, on a regular basis, first language and bilingual education in the historical minority languages. We also propose that at least one university or college for each language be assigned the task of arranging education and research on the respective languages. Furthermore, we propose various measures designed to strengthen the status of Swedish regional or minority languages in the mass media, both radio and TV and the press. We also propose that sufficient support be provided for literature in these languages as well as support for activities involving the collection, archiving and scientific processing of linguistic material. The Charter also includes provisions designed to ensure that those who use such languages have a say when it comes to measures that concern their use. In our view, it is important that the language users themselves should have the opportunity to give their views before such measures are taken and to participate in subsequent evaluation. We therefore propose measures that will give users of our historical minority languages influence over the use of the languages. The Charter also contains provisions encouraging cross-border cooperation in strengthening regional or minority languages and the cultures associated with them both at national and regional level. Taking into account the fact that our minority languages are also used in the other Nordic countries, we propose that promote increased Nordic cooperation with a view to promoting these regional or minority languages and their cultures. The Charter has a regional thrust. This means that most of the provisions, both of Part II and Part III, are to be applied in areas where regional or minority languages have traditionally been used and are still used to a sufficient extent. However, there is nothing to prevent a country that accedes to the Charter going beyond its requirements and also applying its provisions outside such geographical areas. So far, most of the measures undertaken for and Finnish (which are the languages with an identifiable historical geographical base in ) have been applied at national level. Therefore, the rules concerning first language education and government assistance for various kinds of cultural programmes apply to the country as a whole. In considering what new rules are needed for to be able to accede to the Charter in respect of and Finnish, we have concluded that most of these should also be applicable at national level so that they will benefit and Finnish speakers throughout the country. In this respect, therefore, our proposals go beyond the requirements of the Charter. However, we propose that some of our proposals concerning new rules on protection and support for and Finnish should only be applied in the geographical areas where these languages have their geographical roots and are still used to a sufficient extent. As regards , this area comprises the four most northerly municipalities in the mountainous region, i.e. , , and , and as regards Finnish, the five municipalities in , i.e. , , , and . For these municipalities we propose new legislation under which individuals will have the right to use their own language vis-à-vis administrative authorities and courts of law irrespective of their knowledge of Swedish. The authorities and courts would also be obliged to use or Finnish for oral communication where an individual has chosen to communicate in one of these languages. One reason why we propose that this legislation be applied regionally under the provisions of the Charter is that legislation which gives individuals an absolute right to use a language other than Swedish in their contacts with authorities and courts would be resource- consuming. It would not be practically or economically feasible to apply such rules to the whole country. We therefore propose, in accordance with the Charter, that these rules should apply in areas where and Finnish have a long historical tradition and are still a vital feature of everyday life. In these areas, the need to use these languages vis-à-vis authorities and courts is also likely to be greatest, as is the authorities' capacity for satisfying the requirement for communication in or Finnish. The rules giving people the right to use their own language in public administration in parts of county are also a reflection of the fact that historically this area is, and remains, multicultural and multilingual. For the purpose of evaluating the effects of the regionally applicable legislation and strengthening the status of the languages concerned in these areas, we propose that a committee be set up under the supervision of to carry out annual evaluations of the legislation and other regional measures and to submit proposals for further measures to strengthen the status of the languages and of and Tornedal culture in these areas. Our proposals for regional application also envisage the right for speakers of or Finnish in certain circumstances to use their own language as a mode of communication in preschools and care services for the elderly. Our proposals on these matters are based on the findings of a questionnaire survey and visits to the municipalities concerned for the purpose of establishing the extent to which these municipalities are in a position to comply with a statutory obligation to ensure that preschooling and care services for the elderly have staff who speak or Finnish, as the case may be. Further national measures to promote and protect and Finnish We consider it very important that and Finnish speakers throughout the country should have the right to be spoken to in their own languages in preschools and care services for the elderly. To enable children who are native speakers of or Finnish to become bilingual, it is very important for them to use their own language as a mode of communication as early as possible, starting at preschool level. We therefore propose that a survey be carried out of the extent to which these children are spoken to in their own language in municipal child care services. We also propose that measures be taken to persuade municipalities where there are sufficient numbers of parents who want their children to attend preschools with Sami- or Finnish-speaking staff to provide such facilities. We also call attention to the possibility of providing such facilities by opening private preschools. An important reason for establishing the right to communication in one's native language in care services for the elderly is the fact that a large number of elderly people, especially those who speak Finnish, are likely to be in need of such care in the next few years, at the same time as experience shows that elderly people sometimes lose their ability to speak a second language. We therefore propose that a survey be carried out to establish which municipalities have sufficient numbers of elderly users of or Finnish who are in need of care. On the basis of such a survey, we propose that the right to use one's own language in care services for the elderly be introduced in municipalities where there are sufficient numbers of elderly people with this need. should ratify Charter for Regional or Minority Languages We consider that should ratify the Charter in respect of , Finnish, including Meän Kieli, and on the grounds that they are historical minority languages in . An important reason for this is that the historical regional or minority languages are a valuable element of 's cultural heritage and as such they are entitled to and need support and protection in order to survive. Another very important reason is that those who use these languages have expressed a strong for official recognition of them as historical regional or minority languages. There is widespread awareness today of the value of the cultural diversity resulting from immigration to . , Finnish and and the cultures associated with these languages have existed in for many hundreds of years and have contributed to historical, cultural and linguistic diversity. It is therefore necessary to recognize these historical languages and cultures and acknowledge their place in a multicultural . should therefore ratify Charter for Regional or Minority Languages in respect of , Finnish, including Meän Kieli, and , thus explicitly supporting and protecting the historical minority languages so that they can survive as an important element of 's cultural heritage and modern society. Texten finns endast i den tryckta versionen Mij lip barggon oadtjum guoradit jus Svierik galgaluluj säbrrat Europaráde lihtudibmáj rijkadajva- jali unneplågogielaj birra, mij gåhtjoduvvá unneplågogiellakonvensjåvnnån, ja jus nåv man láhkáj. Unneplågogiellakonvensjåvnå ulmme l suoddjit ja doarjjot rijkadajva- jali unneplågogielajt ållokultuvralasj ja ållogielak árbe árvvooassen. Konvensjåvnå 1. artihkkalin biejaduvvá mij aneduvvá rijkadajva- jali unneplågogiellan. Konvensjåvnnå vaddá sierra nanos doarjjagav gielajda majn la stáhtan histårjalasj, geografalasj vuodo. Gielajn majn fájllu geografalasj vuodo, gåhtjodum rijkadajvagahtes giellan, la binnep dårja. Unneplågogiellakonvensjåvnnå buktá dan diehti gåhtjoduvvat kultuvrrakonvensjåvnnån manna l dajvak ulm- me. Konvensjåvnnå fábmuj biejaduvvá gå vihtta rijka li dav Dálátjij Vuodna, Suobma, Ungár, Hollannda ja Kroatia li lihtudimev nanustahttám. diehti unneplågogiella- konvensjåvnnå l fámon snjuktjamáno 1. biejves 1998. Svieriga histårjalasj rijkadajva- jali unneplågogiela Mij lip gávnnam Svieriga histårjalasj rijkadajva- jali unneplågogiela li sámegiella (d.j. divna sámegielvarietehta nåv gå oarjjelsáme-, ju- levsáme- ja nuorttasámegiela) ja suomagiella (d.j. divna suoma- gielvarietehta nåv gå duornossuoma-/meän kieli ja standardsuo- magiela) ja vil chib (divna chibvarietehta). Vuostasj artihkkala definisjåvnnå dajda guosská. Svierigin li histårjalasj geografalasj sáme- ja suomagielak vuo- dobájke ja chib la rijkadajvagahtes giella. Jáhkket li muhtem dálásj Svieriga dáfojn sámegielav ságastam moadda tuvsán jage ja suomagielav tuvsán jage bájkev. chib la 1500-jahkelågo rá- jes rijkan ságastuvvam. Guoradusjuogos ij la buktám duodastit jiddischgiella l Svierigin ságastuvvam nåv guhkev ja nåv ållusis vaj máhttá aneduvvat árb- bedábálasj rijkadajva- jali unneplågogiellan. diehti gå Svierigin jiddisch ságastuvvá viehka binná almatjijs, guoradusjuogos árvval vájve máhtti sjaddat aj praktijkalattjat anodit unneplågogiellakonven- sjåvnå vijdesbirástiddje biejadusájt. Dangas diehti máhttá rábma- konvensjåvnnå duvddet juvdárij oajbbomav anodit jiddischgielav ja jiddischkultuvrav juvdárkultuvra oassen danen gå dan konvensjåvnå ulmme l suoddjit rijkalasj unneplågojt, gehtja nuppe åssudagá guo- radallamav. Dävddá gus Svierik unneplågogiellakonvensjåvnåv sámegiela, suo- magiela ja chib hárráj? Jus Svierik galggá buktet unneplågogiellakonvensjåvnåv nanus-tahttet, hähttuji konvensjåvnå II. oase rávkalvisá sáme- ja suoma- giela ja chib hárráj dievdeduvvat. gå chib la dajvagahtes giella li muhtem njuolgadusá gárttjoduvvam. oase njuolgadusá gulluji val gielajda majn la geografalasj vuodobájkke. oassáj Svierik buktá aj válljitIII. oasev nanustahttet gielajda majn la geografalasj vuodobájkke. Jus Svierik III. oasev nanustahttá, hähttu dat oase njuolgadusájs válljit juohkka giellaj binnemusát 35 tjuoggá jali biehke. Juo dálla ållo njuolgadusá vaddi rijkadajva- jali unneplågogielajda suojev ja doarjjagav, goappátjagá lágaj ja sierra njuolgadusáj ja vil ietjá biedjamdagoj baktu. Váttugit gähttjam konvensjåvnå rávkal-visájt, de lip gávnnam sáme-, suoma- ja chibgielaj hárráj Svierik juo dävddá ållo rávkalvisájt konvensjåvnå II. oases.III oases Svierik dävddá 34 tjuoggá jali biehke sámegiela hárráj ja 30 tjuoggá jali biehke suomagiela hárráj. Udnásj njuolgadusá li lijká hábbmidum bådos biedjamdahkon. Unneplågogiellakonvensjåvnå vuodoulmme rávkká gájkbadjásasj un- neplågogiellapolitihkav mij aktijt biedjamdagojt ja fievrrit aktisasj oajbbomij unneplågogielajda suojev ja doarjjagav vaddet. Svierigin dakkir politihkka uddni fájllu. Makkir biedjamdagojt dárbaj Svierik tjadádit jus galggá unneplågo- giellakonvensjåvnåv nanustahttet? Jus Svierik galggáunneplå gogiellakonvensjå vnå v nanustahttet, hä ht- tu mijáárvvalime milta udnásj biedjamdagojt aktijdit ja dasi duodden kidit sáme-, suoma- (aktan meä n kielijn) ja aj å lles rijkan lágásj ássjeå sijn dajt gielajt tjanádum kultuvrajt dä ttodit Svieriga kultuvrraárbe árvvooassen. Duodden ájnas la Svieriga ie- neplå hkuj diedojt vijdedahttet unneplå gogielaj ja dajda tjanádum kul- tuvraj histårja birra. Mij oajvvadip dan diehti máhttudahka histå rjalasj unneplå gogielaj ja dajda tjanádam kultuvra ja histå rja birra galggá biejaduvvat máht- tudakrávkalvissan divna oahppijda vuodo- ja gymnasaskå vlå j oahp- poplánaj baktu. vuogijn máhttudahka Svierik la histå rjalattjat moattegielak ja moattekultuvralasj rijkka vijddát oabllán. Oajvvadip aj binnemusát akta álmmukallaskå vllå j uohkka giela hárráj oadtjot galggá guhkaájggásasj stáhta doarjjagav då jmatjit giella- ja kultuvr- raguovdátjin. Mij aj oajvvadip njuolgadusáma stivrriji stáhta doarjjagav duon dán kultuvralasj doajmmaj rievddaduvvi dan guovlluj vaj sáme-, suo- ma- ja chibkultuvra oadtju stáhta doarjjagis biedniknárev ja diedo daj kultuvraj birra ieneplå hkuj å lli. Duodden mij aj oajvvadip Stáhta Kultuvrrarádev, manna l kultuvrrapolitijkalattjat gájkbadjásasj ja aktijdiddje anburgge, barggon oadtjot gáhttit sáme-, suoma ja kultuvrajt dan hárráj vaj dajn la kultuvrraviessomin sádjenárre. Duodde biedjamdago aj hä httuji buvteduvvat giellanannidibmáj vaj giela máhtti bissot ja å vddå nit unneplå gogiellakonvensjå vnå ulme milta. diehti akta oalle ájnas å vddå lbiejadus la máná ja nuora oadtju giellaå hpadusáv. Mij oajvvadip Stáhta skå vllå då jmav barggon oadtjot dajvvalakkoj tjuovvot iednegiellaå hpadusáv ja guovtegielakå hpadusáv histå rjalasj unneplå gogielaj hárráj. Mij aj oajvvadip binnemusát avtav universitehtav jali allaskå vlå v barggon oadtjot ásadit å hpadusáv ja å tså dimev juohkka unneplå gogiellaj. Dasi oajvvadip duon dán radion, tv:an ja Mij aj oajvvadip då rjanárev unneplå gogielaj girjálasjvuohtaj ja aj doarjjagav tjoaggem- ja arkijvvadoajmmaj ja gielalasj ábnnasij diedalasj bargadibmáj. Unneplå gogiellakonvensjå vnå n li aj njuolgadusá maj ulmme l vaddet giellaaddnijda vieksesvuodav bájnátjit giellaj guosske bied- jamdagojt. Mijámielas ájnas la giellaaddnijda allasisá vaddet máhtte- lisvuodav vuojnojdisá vaddet å vddå l biedjamdago buvteduvvi ja aj máhttelisvuodav sä brrat daj då belijtjuovvomij. diehti mij buktep muhtem oajvvadusájt ulmmen histå rjalasj unneplå gogiellaaddnijda máhttelisvuodav vaddet dakkir vieksesvuodav. Unneplå gogiellakonvensjå vnå n aj li njuolgadusá ulmmen alodit aktisasjbargov rijkarájáj rastá nannidittjat rijkadajva- jali unneplå go- gielajt ja dajda tjanádum kultuvrajt, goappátjagá ijkalattjatr ja rijka- dajvagit. diehti gå mijáunneplå gogiela aj ságastuvvi mijá nuort- tarijka ráddnájs, oajvvadip Svierigav barggat tjavgap nuorttarijka ak- tisasjbargo nali ulmmen doarjjot rijkadajva- jali unneplå gogielajt ja dajda tjanádum kultuvrajt. Unneplå gogiellakonvensjå vnå n la stuorrát bájkálasj ulmme. Dat javl-lá ienemus oasse dan njuolgadusájs, goappátjagá II. oasen, li ájgoduvvam aneduvvat geografalasj dáfojn gå nnå rijkadajva- jali un- neplå gogiela ságastuvvi árbbedábálattjat ja viláságastuvvi nuoges å l- lusis. Ij mige tsakka konvensjå vnnå j siebrre rijkav guhkebuj mannat gå mav lihtudibme rávkká ja praktijkalattjat aj dakkir dáfoj å lggolin tjuovvot dan njuolgadusájt. Divna dán rádjáj tjielggidum biedjamdago, ma guosski sáme- ja suomagielajda (giela majt Svierigin buktátjadnat histå rjalasj geogra- falasj vuoduj), li ienemusát rijkagå bttje. njuolgadusá iedne- giellaå hpadusábirra guosski å lles rijkkaj, nå v aj njuolgadusá duon dán tjerdak kultuvralasj stáhtadoarjjaga birra. å då njuolgadusá li dárbulattja, unneplå gogiellakonvensjå vnå v sáme- hárráj, de lip adnám njuolgaduságalggi stuorrát rijkagå bttje å rrot vaj ávkken bå hti gájkka sáme- ja suomagielagijda. Dat árvustallam mannáguhkebuj gå mav konvensjåvnnå rávkká. Mij gullu muhtem oajvvadusájda å då njuolgadusáj birra sáme- ja suomagielajda suodjen ja då rjan, oajvvadip dajt njuolgadusájt stuor- rát ráddjit náv: Da galggi fámon årrot dajn geografalasj dáfojn gånnå gielajn li geografalasj ruohttsasa ja gånnå giela vilá sagástuvvi nuo- ges ållusis. Da dáfo li sámegiela hárráj nuortamus komuvna, Gierun, Váhtjer, Jåhkåmåhkke ja Árjapluovve ja suomagiela hárráj vihtta ko- muvna Duornosliegen, , Badjeduornos, Bájel, Gierun ja Váhtjer. Mij oajvvadip dájda komuvnajda ådå láhkaásadimev, mij mierkki aktugattjan la riektá ávkkit ietjas gielav tjuottjodusfábmudagájn ja duobbmoståvlåjn juska sujna l dárogielmáhtto. Jus aktugasj la válljim gielas ságastit fábmudagájn ja duobbmo- ståvlåjn, biejaduvvá dajda ásdusájda välggogisvuohta njálmálattjat sámegiellaj jali suomagiellaj vásstedit. Mij oajvvadip dakkir láhkaásadimev konvensjåvnå njuolgadusáj milta dåssjå bájkálattjat, ja ep ålles rijkkaj, danen gå njuolgadusá, ma aktugattjaj vaddi oalle riektáv fábmudagájn ja duobbmoståvlåjn ávkkit ietjá gielav gå dárogielav, li luohkkerávkke. Dat la oarren manen mij oajvvadip dakkir njuolgadusájt fábmuj biejaduvvat val dakkir dáfojn gånnå sáme- ja suomagielajn la guhka histårjalasj árbbedáhpe ja gånnå giela li iellemin árggaviessomin. Daj dáfoj fábmudagájn ja duobbmoståvlåjn beras luluj gielladárbbo stuorámus, ja dajn fábmudagájn beras luluj aj buoremus máhttelisvuohta ráv- kalvisájt dievddet sámegiela jali suomagiela ságastallama hárráj. Njuolgadusá ma vaddi riektáv ávkkit ietjas gielav almulattjat muhtem bájkijn Norrbottena lenan aj vuoset, lena l histårjalattjat ja dálánagi moattegielak ja moattekultuvralasj bájkke. Bájkálasj láhkaásadimbåhtusij tjuovvomij oajvvadip barggojuoh- kusav gånnå njunnjusin la Norrbottena lenastivra. Barggojuogos oadtju åvdåsvásstádussan jahkásattjat árvustallat láhkaásadimev ja aj ietjá bájkálasj biedjamdagojt ja dasi duodden buktet oajvvadusájt lasse biedjamdagojda daj bájkij gielajda ja kultuvrajda nannididdjen. Mijá oajvvadusá bájkálasj láhkaásadime birra aj gåbttji muhtem oassáj riektáv oadtjot sáme- jali suomagielajt ságastit åvddåskåvllå- mijá oajvvadime åvddål lip rádjam gatjálvisåtsådallamijt komuvnajda ja aj mannam komuvnajn ulmmen gárttit man märráj komuvna juo uddni dievddi mijá láhkamierredum välggogisvuodajt fállat åvddåskåvllå- ja vuorrasijhuksodåjmajt majn virggealmatja ságasti sáme- jali suomagielajt. Ienep rijkagåbttje biedjamdago sáme- ja suomagielajda dårjan ja suodjen Mij adnep oalle ájnnasin sáme- ja suomagielaga ålles rijkan riektáv oadtju duostoduvvat ietjasa gielajda åvddåskåvllådåjman ja vuorra- sijhuvson. Jus máná, gejn la sámegiella jali suomagiella iednegiella, galggi sjaddat guovtegielagin, ájnas la sij juo åvddåskåvlåjn duostoduvvi ietjasa gielajda. Mij dan diehti oajvvadip åtsådallam dagáduvvá man märráj máná duostoduvvi ietjas unneplågogiellaj komuvnaj mán- náhuvson. Mij aj adnep biedjamdago galggi buvteduvvat komuvnajt åttjudittjat ásadittjat dakkir mánnahuvsov, jus nuoges ållo äjgáda sih- ti åvddåskåvllådåjmav manna li sáme- jali suomagielak virgge- almatja. Mij guosská åvddåskåvllådoajmmaj mij aj tsuojgodip máht- telisvuohta juo uddni gávnnu aktugasj dåjmav jåhtuj biedjat.