prop · GH0323 · 1994-01-01 00:00:00 — Detta protokoll, som upprättats på engelska, franska, italienska, ryska, spanska och tyska språken, vilka alla sex språkversioner har lika giltighet, och som antagits av ämbetsmannakommittén i i enlighet med artikel 13 i Konventionen om förlikning och skiljedom inom ESK, är deponerat hos . Sammanställning av remissyttranden över promemorian tillträde till konventionen om förlikning och skiljedom inom den europeiska säkerhetskonferensen (ESK) (Ds 1993:48) Efter remiss har yttranden över promemorian avgivits av , Hovrätten för , Kammarrätten i , Nedrustnings- och folkrättsdelegationen, Överbefälhavaren, , , , , i , vid , vid , Svenska Röda korset samt . Remissutfallet är överlag mycket positivt. Till de ställningstaganden i sak rörande ratifikation, avgivande av förklaringar m.m. som görs i promemorian ansluter sig remissinstanserna undantagslöst. Den kritik som förekommer inskränker sig till en punkt: förslaget till ändring i lagen (1976:661) om immunitet och privilegier i vissa fall. Flertalet remissinstanser är uttalat positiva till promemorians förslag att skall ratificera konventionen. Inte någon går emot förslaget. Samtliga som yttrar sig över frågan ansluter sig till promemorians slutsatser att bör avge förklaring enligt artikel 26.2 och enligt Bilaga 3-mekanismens sektion II, men att någon förklaring enligt Bilaga 3-mekanismens sektion XIV inte bör avges. vid anför att förklaringen enligt artikel 26.2 bör avges , varefter den förnyas om den inte sägs upp. Detta kan i viss mån sägas avvika från promemorians förslag om en tioårig förklaring som kräver uttalad förnyelse. Två remissinstanser, juridiska fakulteterna vid respektive , föreslår att skall överväga att avge särskild reservation enligt artikel 19.4 i samband med ratifikationen, för att säkerställa att den nya domstol som inrättas i och med inte skall påverka kompetensen hos andra viktiga internationella domstolar som anslutit sig till, exempelvis i , i och -- -- och eventuellt . Lagstiftningen om immunitet och privilegier Även om flertalet remissinstanser lämnat promemorians förslag utan erinran är en majoritet av dem som särskilt yttrat sig i frågan kritiska mot förslaget. Kritiken gäller den text i promemorians lagförslag, avsedd att inflyta i bilagan till lagen (1976:661) om immunitet och privilegier i vissa fall, där omfattningen av den immunitet och de privilegier som skall tillkomma dem som är knutna till domstolen avgränsas till att inte innefatta skattefrihet. Den kritiserade texten hänvisar endast till artikel 19 i Internationella domstolens stadga, och inte till artikel 32.8, där skattefriheten regleras. anför att promemorians tolkning inte framstår som helt övertygande, utan att bestämmelsen i artikel 6 borde anses hänvisa till samtliga de privilegier som den Internationella domstolens personal åtnjuter. Hovrätten för anför likaledes att artikel 6 även måste anses innefatta skattebefrielse för berörda kategorier. Även Kammarrätten i är kritisk, främst mot att lagförslaget inte hänvisar till artikel 42.3 i Internationella domstolens stadga, där immunitet och privilegier för parternas ombud och juridiska biträden stadgas. Kammarrätten hänvisar vidare till FN-systemet, och till andra internationella organ, där skattefrihet normalt föreligger. För det fall man verkligen avser att utesluta ledamöternas och sekreterarens arvoden från skattefrihet föreslår Kammarrätten en annan formulering, som utöver promemorians förslag även hänvisar till artikel 42.3 i Internationella domstolens stadga. Kammarrätten har därutöver en språklig invändning mot formuleringen av den personkrets som omfattas av immuniteten och privilegierna. anför att den aktuella formuleringen i promemorians lagförslag synes gå utöver vad som brukar anges i bilagans högerspalt, och att artikel 6 i inte uttryckligen hänvisar endast till artikel 19 i Internationella domstolens stadga. ser hellre att det svenska åtagandet om att medge immunitet och privilegier uppfylls genom ett tillägg i lagens (1976:661) huvudtext, genom en ny 2 b §, alltså genom transformation i stället för inkorporering. Väljs ändå inkorporering, och skall ett tillägg sålunda ske i bilagan till lagen (1976:661), förordar en annan formulering. vid anför att promemorians tolkning inte förefaller helt invändningsfri och att de argument som framförs i promemorian inte föranleder att personalen vid den domstol som stadgar skall ges ett sämre immunitetsskydd än Internationella domstolens personal. vid går längst i sin kritik, när man anför att promemorians lagförslag inte fullt ut omsätter åtagandet i konventionen, och att promemorians tolkning ''''''''inte endast framstår som felaktig utan även som futtig i ljuset av de motiv, som uppburit konventionens tillkomst och de som anförts beträffande domstolens finansiering''''''''. i delar promemorians uppfattning; med den utformning som föreslås bör det framgå att principiell skattefrihet inte är avsedd. anför att man inte har någon erinran mot promemorians förslag till lagstiftning. Övriga remissinstanser berör inte frågan. Förteckning över ESK:s deltagande stater, Med stjärna försedda stater har undertecknat . har endast ratificerat konventionen. ycp8,81 avgav vid undertecknandet en särskild deklaration. yfo522 ''''''''''''''''; suspenderade från ESK:s arbete. Utdrag ur protokoll vid regeringssammanträde Närvarande: statsministern , ordförande, och statsråden . , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , P. , Regeringen beslutar proposition 1993/94:23 tillträde till konventionen om förlikning och skiljedom inom Europeiska säkerhetskonferensen (ESK) m.m. f1003DECISION ON PEACEFUL SETTLEMENT OF DISPUTES 1. At its meeting of 14 and , the CSCE Council considered the recommendations made by the CSCE Meeting on Peaceful Settlement of Disputes held in from 12 to 23 October 1992. The Ministers reaffirmed the vital importance of the commitment of all participating States, under Principle V of the Final Act, to settle their disputes by peaceful means. In this connection, they recalled other CSCE documents relating to the peaceful settlement of disputes, in particular the Concluding Document of the Follow-up Meeting, the Charter of for a New Europe, the Report on Peaceful Settlement of Disputes adopted at and endorsed at the hBerlin Meeting of 19 and 20 1991, and the Document of 1992. The Ministers noted the variety of existing dispute settlement procedures, both within and outside the CSCE. They recalled the important contribution that the potential involvement of an impartial third party can make to the peaceful settlement of disputes and the fact that the Mechanism enables a participating State, under certain conditions, to seek the mandatory involvement of such a party. The Ministers agreed that in the present circumstances, the principle of the peaceful settlement of disputes assumes particular relevance to problems facing participating States, and that the framework of the CSCE provides a unique opportunity to give impetus to this central aspect of CSCE commitments. In order to further and strengthen their commitment to settle disputes exclusively by peaceful means, and in accordance with paragraphs 57 to 62 of Chapter III of the Decisions of 1992 to develop a comprehensive and coherent set of measures available within the CSCE for the peaceful settlement of disputes, the Ministers have: t(a) Adopted measures to enhance the Provisions through modification of the procedure for selecting Dispute Settlement Mechanisms. This modification is set forth in 1; (b) Adopted the text of a Convention on Conciliation and Arbitration within the CSCE providing for general conciliation and for arbitration on the basis of agreements ad hoc or, in advance, on the basis of reciprocal declarations, and declared it open for signature by interested participating States. This text is contained in 2; (c) Adopted a conciliation procedure as an option available to participating States on the basis of agreements ad hoc or, in advance, on the basis of reciprocal declarations. This procedure is set forth in 3; (d) Decided that the Council or may direct any two participating States to seek conciliation to assist them in resolving a dispute that they have not been able to settle within a reasonable period of time. The provisions relating thereto are set forth in 4. The Ministers recalled that nothing stated in the foregoing will in any way affect the unity of the CSCE principles, or the right of participating States to raise within the CSCE process any issue relating to the implementation of any CSCE commitment concerning the principle of the peaceful settlement of disputes, or relating to any other CSCE commitment or provision. Procedures for the peaceful settlement of disputes within the CSCE will be reviewed during the review conference to be held at in 1994 and periodically thereafter as appropriate.f1004CSCE/3-c/Dec.1 1 f1003MODIFICATION TO SECTION V OF THE PROVISIONS FOR A CSCE PROCEDURE FOR PEACEFUL SETTLEMENT OF DISPUTES Section V of the Provisions for a CSCE Procedure for Peaceful Settlement of Disputes should read as follows:f1003Section V 1. A CSCE Dispute Settlement Mechanism consists of one or more members, selected by common agreement of the parties to a dispute from a register of qualified candidates maintained by the nominating institution. The register comprises the names of up to four persons nominated by each participating State desiring to do so. No member of a Mechanism may be a national of, or permanently resident in the territory of any State involved in the dispute. By agreement between the parties, a Mechanism may include members whose names are not included in the register. If the parties to a dispute have not reached agreement on the composition of a Mechanism within two months from the initial request of a party for the of a Mechanism, the of the nominating institution will, in consultation with the parties to the dispute, select seven names from the register. If the of the nominating institution is a national of any of the States involved in the dispute, his functions will be performed by the next most senior official who is not such a national. Each party (*) to the dispute has the right to reject up to three of the nominees. The parties will inform the nominating institution of the rejections, if any, within one month of having been informed of the nominations. This information will be confidential. After one month from the date of informing the parties of the nominations, the nominating institution will notify the parties of the composition of the Mechanism. Note: The modification means that the time period under paragraph 2 is shortened by one month, that seven names should be selected instead of ''''''''less than six'''''''', and that paragraphs 4 and 5 will no longer apply. (*) The problems arising when the parties are more than two will require further consideration.f1004CSCE/3-c/Dec. 1 2 f1003CONVENTION ON CONCILIATION AND ARBITRATION WITHIN THE CSCE The States parties to this Convention, being States participating in the Conference on Security and Co- operation in Europe, Conscious of their obligation, as provided for in Article 2, paragraph 3, and Article 33 of the Charter of the United Nations, to settle their disputes peacefully; Emphasizing that they do not in any way intend to impair other existing institutions or mechanisms, including the International Court of , Court of Human Rights, the Court of of Communities and the Permanent Court of Arbitration; Reaffirming their solemn commitment to settle their disputes through peaceful means and their decision to develop mechanisms to settle disputes between participating States; Recalling that full implementation of all CSCE principles and commitments constitutes in itself an essential element in preventing disputes between the CSCE participating States; Concerned to further and strengthen the commitments stated, in particular, in the Report of the Meeting of Experts on Peaceful Settlement of Disputes adopted at and endorsed by at its meeting in on 19 and 20 1991, agreed as follows:f1004f1003CHAPTER I -- GENERAL PROVISIONSf1003Article 1f1004Establishment of the Court A Court of Conciliation and Arbitration shall be established to settle, by means of conciliation and, where appropriate, arbitration, disputes which are submitted to it in accordance with the provisions of this Convention.f1003Article 2f1004Conciliation Commissions and Arbitral Tribunals 1. Conciliation shall be undertaken by a Conciliation Commission constituted for each dispute. The Commission shall be made up of conciliators drawn from a list established in accordance with the provisions of Article 3. Arbitration shall be undertaken by an Arbitral Tribunal constituted for each dispute. The Tribunal shall be made up of arbitrators drawn from a list established in accordance with the provisions of Article 4. Together, the conciliators and arbitrators shall constitute the Court of Conciliation and Arbitration within the CSCE, hereinafter referred to as ''''''''the Court''''''''.f1003Article 3f1004Appointment of Conciliators 1. party to this Convention shall appoint, within two months following its entry into force, two conciliators of whom at least one is a national of that State. The other may be a national of another CSCE participating State. A State which becomes party to this Convention after its entry into force shall appoint its conciliators within two months following the entry into force of this Convention for the State concerned. The conciliators must be persons holding or having held senior national or international positions and possessing recognized qualifications in international law, international relations, or the settlement of disputes. Conciliators shall be appointed for a renewable period of six years. Their functions may not be terminated by the appointing State during their term of office. In the event of death, resignation or inability to attend recognized by the , the State concerned shall appoint a new conciliator; the term of office of the new conciliator shall be the remainder of the term of office of the predecessor. Upon termination of their period of office, conciliators shall continue to hear any cases that they are already dealing with. The names of the conciliators shall be notified to the Registrar, who shall enter them into a list, which shall be communicated to the CSCE Secretariat for transmission to the CSCE participating States.f1003Article 4f1004Appointment of Arbitrators 1. party to this Convention shall appoint, within two months following its entry into force, one arbitrator and one alternate, who may be its nationals or nationals of any other CSCE participating State. A State which becomes Party to this Convention after its entry into force shall appoint its arbitrator and the alternate within two months of the entry into force of this Convention for that State. Arbitrators and their alternates must possess the qualifications required in their respective countries for appointment to the highest judicial offices or must be jurisconsults of recognized competence in international law. Arbitrators and their alternates are appointed for a period of six years, which may be renewed once. Their functions may not be terminated by the appointing State party during their term of office. In the event of death, resignation or inability to attend, recognized by the , the arbitrator shall be replaced by his or her alternate. If an arbitrator and his or her alternate die, resign or are both unable to attend, the fact being recognized by the , new appointments will be made in accordance with paragraph 1. The new arbitrator and his or her alternate shall complete the term of office of their predecessors. The Rules of the Court may provide for a partial renewal of the arbitrators and their alternates. Upon expiry of their term of office, arbitrators shall continue to hear any cases that they are already dealing with. The names of the arbitrators shall be notified to the Registrar, who shall enter them into a list, which shall be communicated to the CSCE Secretariat for transmission to the CSCE participating States.f1003Article 5f1004Independence of the Members of the Court and of the Registrar The conciliators, the arbitrators and the Registrar shall perform their functions in full independence. Before taking up their duties, they shall make a declaration that they will exercise their powers impartially and conscientiously.f1003Article 6f1004Privileges and Immunities The conciliators, the arbitrators, the Registrar and the agents and counsel of the parties to a dispute shall enjoy, while performing their functions in the territory of the States parties to this Convention, the privileges and immunities accorded to persons connected with the International Court of Justice.f1003Article 7f1004Bureau of the Court 1. shall consist of a President, a Vice-President and three other members. The President of the Court shall be elected by the members of the Court from among their number. The President presides over the . The conciliators and the arbitrators shall each elect from among their number two members of the and their alternates. shall elect its Vice-President from among its members. The Vice-President shall be a conciliator if the President is an arbitrator, and an arbitrator if the President is a conciliator. The Rules of the Court shall establish the procedures for the election of the President as well as of the other members of the and their alternates.f1003Article 8f1004Decision-Making Procedure 1. The decisions of the Court shall be taken by a majority of the members participating in the vote. Those abstaining shall not be considered participating in the vote. The decisions of the shall be taken by a majority of its members. The decisions of the Conciliation Commissions and the Arbitral Tribunals shall be taken by a majority of their members, who may not abstain from voting. In the event of a tied vote, the vote of the presiding officer shall prevail.f1003Article 9f1004Registrar The Court shall appoint its Registrar and may provide for the appointment of such other officers as may be necessary. The staff regulations of the Registry shall be drawn up by the and adopted by the States parties to this Convention.f1003Article 10f1004Seat 1. The seat of the Court shall be established in . At the request of the parties to the dispute and in agreement with the , a Conciliation Commission or an Arbitral Tribunal may meet at another location.f1003Article 11f1004Rules of the Court 1. The Court shall adopt its own Rules, which shall be subject to approval by States parties to this Convention. The Rules of the Court shall establish, in particular, the rules of procedure to be followed by the Conciliation Commissions and Arbitral Tribunals constituted pursuant to this Convention. They shall state which of these rules may not be waived by agreement between the parties to the dispute.f1003Article 12f1004Working Languages The Rules of the Court shall establish rules on the use of languages.f1003Article 13f1004Financial Protocol Subject to the provisions of Article 17, all the costs of the Court shall be met by the States parties to this Convention. The provisions for the calculation of the costs; for the drawing up and approval of the annual budget of the Court; for the distribution of the costs among the States parties to this Convention; for the audit of the accounts of the Court; and for related matters, shall be contained in a Financial Protocol to be adopted by . A State becomes bound by the Protocol on becoming a party to this Convention.f1003Article 14f1004Periodic shall annually present to the through a report on the activities under this Convention.f1003Article 15f1004Notice of Requests for Conciliation or Arbitration The Registrar of the Court shall give notice to the CSCE Secretariat of all requests for conciliation or arbitration, for immediate transmission to the CSCE participating States.f1003Article 16f1004Conduct of Parties -- Interim Measures 1. During the proceedings, the parties to the dispute shall refrain from any action which may aggravate the situation or further impede or prevent the settlement of the dispute. The Conciliation Commission may draw the attention of the parties to the dispute submitted to it to the measures the parties could take in order to prevent the dispute from being aggravated or its settlement made more difficult. The Arbitral Tribunal constituted for a dispute may indicate the interim measures that ought to be taken by the parties to the dispute in accordance with the provisions of Article 26, paragraph 4.f1003Article 17f1004Procedural Costs The parties to a dispute and any intervening party shall each bear their own costs.f1003CHAPTER II -- COMPETENCEf1003Article 18f1004Competence of the Commission and of the Tribunal 1. party to this Convention may submit to a Conciliation Commission any dispute with another State party which has not been settled within a reasonable period of time through negotiation. Disputes may be submitted to an Arbitral Tribunal under the conditions stipulated in Article 26.f1003Article 19f1004Safeguarding the Existing Means of Settlement 1. A Conciliation Commission or an Arbitral Tribunal constituted for a dispute shall take no further action in the case: t(a) If, prior to being submitted to the Commission or the Tribunal, the dispute has been submitted to a court or tribunal whose jurisdiction in respect of the dispute the parties thereto are under a legal obligation to accept, or if such a body has already given a decision on the merits of the dispute; (b) If the parties to the dispute have accepted in advance the exclusive jurisdiction of a jurisdictional body other than a Tribunal in accordance with this Convention which has jurisdiction to decide, with binding force, on the dispute submitted to it, or if the parties thereto have agreed to seek to settle the dispute exclusively by other means. A Conciliation Commission constituted for a dispute shall take no further action if, even after the dispute has been submitted to it, one or all of the parties refer the dispute to a court or tribunal whose jurisdiction in respect of the dispute the parties thereto are under a legal obligation to accept. A Conciliation Commission shall postpone examining a dispute if this dispute has been submitted to another body which has competence to formulate proposals with respect to this dispute. If those prior efforts do not lead to a settlement of the dispute, the Commission shall resume its work at the request of the parties or one of the parties to the dispute, subject to the provisions of Article 26, paragraph 1. A State may, at the time of signing, ratifying or acceding to this Convention, make a reservation in order to ensure the compatibility of the mechanism of dispute settlement that this Convention establishes with other means of dispute settlement resulting from international undertakings applicable to that State. If, at any time, the parties arrive at a settlement of their dispute, the Commission or Tribunal shall remove the dispute from its list, on receiving written confirmation from all the parties thereto that they have reached a settlement of the dispute. In the event of disagreement between the parties to the dispute with regard to the competence of the Commission or the Tribunal, the decision in the matter shall rest with the Commission or the Tribunal.f1003CHAPTER III -- CONCILIATIONf1003Article 20f1004Request for the Constitution of a Conciliation Commission 1. party to this Convention may lodge an application with the Registrar requesting the constitution of a Conciliation Commission for a dispute between it and one or more other States parties. Two or more States parties may also jointly lodge an application with the Registrar.