prop · GE0363 · 1990-12-31 00:00:00 — Förbundet anser att en sådan ordning skulle skapa betydandesvårigheter i praktiken, inte minst när det gäller att avgöra vilka motford-ringarsom i sådana fall kan användas för kvittning mot direktanspråken. Förbundetvill därför av såväl principiella som praktiska skäl bestämt avvisa förslagetatt generelh tillåta direktanspråk mot kommissionären egenhandlarenshuvudman. Prop.1990/91:63 Bilaga 4 No L382/17 on the coordination of the laws of ihe Mcmber States relacingto sclf-etnploycd commercial (S6/653/EEC) THE COUNCILOF THE EUROPE.AN COMMUNiTIES, Having regard to rhc Treary estabiishing EconomicCommunitv, and in particular Artides 57 (2) and 100 thereof, Having regard to the proposal from the Commission {'), Having regard to the opinion of Parliamcnt (), alreadymade, whcn harmonizing the laws of the Mcmber States rciating to commercialagents; Whereas additional transitional periods should be aliowedfor ccnain iMember States which have to make a particular effort to adapt theirregulations, especially those concerning indemniry for termination of contract betweenthe principal and the commercial agent, to the requircments of this Directivc, Having regardto the opinion of the Economic and ('), HAS ADOPTEDTHIS DIRECTIVE: Whcrcas the restrictions on the freedom of establishmentand the freedom to provide services in respect of aaivities of inrermedianes incommercc, industry and small craft industries wcre abolished by Directivc 64/224/EEC{*]; Whcrcas thedifferenccs in national laws concernmg cornmercial representation substantiallyaffect the conditions of competition and thecarrying-on of that activuv within theCornmunity and are decrimental both to chc protection available to commercialagents ms-u-uis thcir principals and to the sccurir\' of commercial transactions;whereas morcover those differenccs are such as ro inhibit substantially the conclusionand operation of commercial representation conrracts whcrc principal and commercialagent are established in different Member States; Whereas trade in goods between Member States should be carnedon under conditions which are similar ro rhose of j singic marker, and chis necessitatesapproximation of rhe legai systems ot chc Mcmber States to the excent requiredfor the proper functioning of the common märket; whereas in this regard the rulesconcerning contlicr of laws do not. in the matter of commercial representation,remove the inconsistencies refcrrcd to above, nor would they even if chey weremade uniform, and accordingly rhe proposed harmonization ts necessary nocwithstandingrhe exiscence of those rules; Whereas in this regard the legal relationship between commercialagent and principal must be given priontv; W'hereas it is appropriate to be guided by the pnncipiesof Artide 117 of the Treaty and to maintain improvements 1.The harmonizationmeasures prescribed by chis Directivc shall apply to the laws. regulations andadministrative provisions of the Member States govcrning the relations between commercialagents and their principals. 2.For thepurposes of this Dircaive, 'commercial agent' shall mean a self-employed intermcdiarywho has continuing authority to negotiatc the sale or the purchase of goods on behalfof another person, hcreinaftercalicd the'principal', or to negociate and condudesuch transactions on behalf of and in the name of that principal. 3..A. commercialagent shall be understood within the meanmg of this Directivc as not includingin particular: a person who,in his capaciry as an officer, is empowered CO enter into commitments bmding ona company or association, a partner whois lawfullv authonzcd to enter into commitments binding on his panners, a receiver, a rccciverand manager, a liquidator or a trustee in bankruptcy. C) Oj No C n, IS. 1977. p. Z- OJ No C 56, Z. (*) 01 No C 239. {') OJ NnC 59, S. . {') OJ No 56, 4. bl No C 239. 9. lU. 1973, p. "■ ■■ " " S. 3. .964, p. 869/64. This Directive shall not apply to: commercial agents whose activities are unpaid, Prop.1990/91:63 Bilaga 4 No L382/18 commercialagents when thcy operate on commodity exchanges or in the commodity märket, or the body knownas the Crown Agents for Ovcrseas Govemments and Administrations, as set upunder the Crown Agents Act 1979 in the , or its subsidiaries. Each of the Mcmber States shall have the right toprovide that the Directive shall not apply to those persons whose activities ascommercial agents are considered secondary by the law of that . CHAPTER II Rightsand obligations 1.In performing hasactivities a commercial agent must look after hiS principaKs interests and act dutifullyand in good faich. [n particular,a commercial agent must: (a) make proper efforts to negotiateand, where appropriate, concludc the transactions hc is instructcd to take carcof; (b) communicate to his principal all thenecessary information available to him; (c) comply with rcasonable mstrucnonsgiven by his principal. 1.In hisrelations with his commercial agent a principal must act dutifully and in good faith. 2.A principalmust in particular: (a) provide his commercial agent with thenecessary documentation relating to the goods concerned; (b) obtain for his commercial agent theinformation necessary for the performancc of the agency contract, and in particularnotify the commercial agent within a reasonable period oncc hc anticipates thatthe volume of commercial transactions will be significantly lower than that whichthe commercial agent could normally have expccted. A principal must, m addition, inform the commercial agent within a reasonable period of his jcccptance, refusal, and of any non-execution of a commercial cransaction which the commercial agent has procured for the principal. The parties may nor derogate from the provisions of Artides 3 and 4. In the abscncc of any agreement on this matter berween the pames, and without prejudice to the application of the compulsory provisions of the Member States concerning the levd of remuncration, a commercial agent shall be entitlcd to the remuncration that commercial agents appointed for the goods forming the subject of his agency contract are customarily allowcd in the piace where hc on his activities. If there is no such customary practice a commercial agent shall be entitlcd to reasonable remuncration taking into account all the aspects of the transaction. 2.Any part of theremuncration which varies with the number or valuc of business transactions shallbe dccmed to be commission within the mcaning of this Directivc. 3.Artides 7 to 12shall not apply if the commercial agent is not remunerated or in part bycommission. A commercial agent shall be entitlcd to commission on commercial transactions concluded during rhe period covered by rhe agency contract: (a) where rhe transaction has been concludedas a result of his action; or (b) where the rransacrion is concluded wtcha third party whom he has prcviously acquired as a cusromer for transactions ofchc same kind. .A commercial agent shall also be entitlcd to commission on transaaions concluded dunng the period covered by che agency contract: eithcr where hc ts entrusrcd with a specific geographicalarea or group of . or where he has an exclusive right ti geographicalarea or group of . and where che transaction has been entered into with a customerbelonging to that area or group. Member States shall include in their legislation onc of thepossibilities refcrrcd to in the above two indents. A commercial agent shall be entitled to commission on commercialtransactions concluded after the agency contract has tcrminated: (a) if the transaction is miinly attributable to the commercial agcnt"s efforts during the period covered by Prop.1990/91:63 Bilaga 4 No L382/19 the agency contract and if the transaction was entered intowithin a reasonable period after that contract cerminated; or (b) if, in accordance with the conditions mcntioned mArtide 7, the order of the third party reached rhe principal or rhe commercialagent before rhc agency concracr cerminated. A commercial agent shall not be entitled to the commissionrefcrrcd co in Artide 7, if chat commission is payabJc, pursuant co Artide 8,to the prcvious commercial agent, unlcss It is cquitabie because of the circumstancesfor che commission to be sharcd berween che commerciai agenrs. of the monthfollowing the quartcr in which rhe commission has bccomc due. This statcmcnt shallset out the mam components used in calculating rhe amount of commission. A commercial agent shall be entitlcd to demand thathc be provided with all the information, and in particular an extract from the books, which is available ro his principal and which he nccds in order to check the amount of the commission due to him. Agrcemcnts to derogate from paragraphs 1 and 2 to the detriment of the commerciai agent shall not be pcrmittcd. This Directive shall not conflict with rhe internal provisions of Member States which recognize the nght of a commercial agent to inspect a principafs books. The commission shall become due as soon as and to the excent chac one oi the followcng circumstances obcains; (a) the principal has executed the transaction;or (b) the principal should, according to hisagreement with rhc rhird party, have cxecured the transaction; or (c) the third party has executed rhe rransacrion. 2.The commission shallbecome due at che larcsr when rhe chird party has executed his part of rhc cransactionor should have done so if the principal had executed his part of rhe rransacrion,as he should have. 3.The commission shallbe paid not låter rhan on rhc last day of rhc monrh following rhe quartcr tn whichit became due. 4..Agreements to derogatefrom paragraphs 2 and 3 to the detriment of the commercial agent shall not be pcrmittcd. The right to commission can be exringuishcd only if and to the cxrent that: csrabiishedthat the contract berween rhe chird parry and rhc principal will not be cxecured,and rhatface is dueto a reason for which the principal is not ro blamc. 2.Any commission whichchc commerciai agent has already reccived shall be refundcd if rhc nght co itis extinguished. 3.Agrcemcnts to derogatefrom paragraph I to the detriment of the commerciai agent shall not be permittcd. The principal shall supply his commerciai agent witha statcment of rhe commission due, not låter than che last day CHAPTER IV Conclusionand termination of ihc agency contract 1.Each party shallbe entitlcd co rcccive from che other on rcqucst a signed writtcn documcncsetting ouc che terms ot the agency contract including any terms subsequently agrecd.Waiver of rhis nght shall not be pcrmittcd. 2.Notwithstandingparagraph 1 a may provide that an agency contract shall not be validuniess cvidenccd in writing. An agency contract for a tixed period which continues cobe performed by both parncs after chat period has expircd shall be decmed to beconvened into an agency contract for an indcfinice period. Where an agency conrract is concJuded for an indcfinice period eicher party may tcrminate it by nocicc. 2.The period of noriceshall be nne monrh for chc firsc year of chc contract. two months for the secondyear commenced, and thrce months for the third year commenced and subsequcnt years.The partics may noc agree on shorcer periods of noticc. 3.Member States mayfix che period of notice at four months tor the fourth year of che contract. fivcmonths tor the flfth year and six months for che sixth and subsequent Prop.1990/91:63 Bilaga 4 No L382/20 Theymay decide that the parties may not agree to shorter periods. 4.If the parties agreeon longcr periods than those laid down in paragraphs 2 and 3, the period of nottceto be obscrvcd by the prindpal must not be shorter than that to be observed by thecommercial agent. 5.Uniess otherwiseagrecd by the partics, the end of the period of noticc must coincide with the endof a calendar month. 6.The provisionsof this Artide shall apply to an agency contract for a fixed period where it isconverted under Artide 14 into an agency contract for an indefinite period, subjectto the proviso that the earlier fixed period must be taken into account in the calculationof che period of nocice. Nothing in this Directive shall affect the application of thelaw of che Mcmber States where the latter provides for che immediate terminationof the agency contract: (a) because of the failure of one party to carry out allor part of his obligations; vherc cxccpcional circumstances anse. Member States shall take the measures necessary to ensure that che commerciai agent is. after termination of the agencv contract, indemnified in accordance with paragraph 2 or compcnsated for damagc in accordance with paragraph 3. (a) The commercial agent shall be entitlcd to an indemnity if and to the extent that: he has brought theprincipal ne\v or has significantly increased rhc volume of business withexisting and the principal continues to derivc substantial benefitsfrom the business with such , and the payment of thisindemnity is cquitabie having regard to all the circumstances and. in p.-irricular,the commission löst by the commercial agent on the business transacted with suchcustomers. Member States may provide for such circumstances also to include theapplication or otherwise of a restraint of trade dause, wtthin the mcaning ofArtide 20; (b) The amount of the indemnity may not cxceed a figure equivalentto an indemnity for onc year calculated from the commercial agent"? averageannuai remuncration över the preccding fivc years and if the concracr goes backless rhan tive years the indemnity shall be calculated on the average for theperiod in qucsrion; (c) The grant of such an indemnity shall not prevent thecommercial agent from sccking damages. The commercial agent shall be entitled to compensation for the damage he suffers as a result of the termination of his relations with the principal. Such damage shall be dccmed to occur particularly whcn thetermination takes place in drcumstances; depriving the commercialagent of the commission which proper performance of che agency contract would haveprocured him whilst providing the principal with substantial benefits linked tothe commercial agcnt"s activities, and/or which havenot enabled the commercial agent to amortize the costs and cxpenses that he hadincurrcd for the performancc ofthe agency contract on the principars advice. 4.Entiticment to theindemnity as provided for in paragraph 2 or to compensation for damage as providedfor under paragraph 3, shall also anse whcrc the agency contract is tcrminatedas a result of che commerciai agcnt's death. 5.The commercial agcnrshall lose his entiticment to the indemnity in the instanccs provided for in paragraph2 or to compensation for damagc in rhe instanccs provided for in paragraph 3, ifwithin jne year following termination ofthe contract hc has not notificd theprincipal that hc mtcnds pursuing his entiticment. 6.The Commission shallsubmit to the Council, within eight years following the date of notification ofthis Directive, a reporr on the implementation of this Artide, and shall if necessarysubmit to it proposals for amendments. The indemnity or compensation refcrrcd co m .-Vrtide 17 shallnot be payable: (a) where the principal has tcrminated the agency conrractbecause of default attributable ro the commerciai agent which would justify tmmediatctermination of the agency contract under national law; {b} where the commerciai agent has termmated the agency contract,unlcss such termination is justified by circumstances attributable to theprincipal or on grounds of age. infirmity or illncss of the commercial agent inconsequence of which he cannot reasonably be required to connnuc his activities; (c) whcrc, with the agreement of the prindpal, the commercialagent assigns his rights and duties under the agency contract to anotherperson. The partics may not derogate from Artides 17 and 18 to thedetriment of the commercial agent before rhe agency contract expircs. Prop.1990/91:63 Bilaga 4 Journai ofthe European Communicies Mo L382/21 For rhe purposes oi chis Directive. an jgreemenc restricting rhe business activines oi a commerciai agent following rcrminaiion ot che agency concracr is hereinafter refcrrcd co as a restraint of rrade dause. A restraint of rrade dause shall be valid only ifand to che excent chat: (a)ic is concludedin wricing; and (b) ic relätes to che geographical areaor the group of and che geographical area entrusted co che commerciaiagent and co the kind ot goods covered by his agency under the contract. 3.A restraint oftrade dause shall be valid for nor morc rhan rwo years after termination of theagencv contract. 4.This Artide shallnot affect provisions ot nacional law which impose other restrictions on rhe v aiidirvor enforceabilitv of restraint ot trade dauses or which enable the courts co reducethe obligations on rhe parcics resuinng trom such an agreemenr. 1.Member Sratcs shallbring into force the provisions necessary co comply with this Directivc before1 january 1990. They shall forthwith inform the Commission thereof. Suchprovisions shall apply at least to contracrs concluded after thett entry into force.They shall apply to contracts in operation by 1 January 1994 at che latcst. 2..As trom :hc notificationof this Directive, Member Stares shall communicate to rhe Commission the main laws,regulations and administrative provisions which they adopt in the fieid govcrnedby this Direcrive. 3.However, with regardto and the , 1 January 1990 referred co in paragraph I shallbe replaced by I January 1994. With regard to Iraiy, 1 January 1990 shall be replaced by1 January 1993 in che casc of the obligations deriving trom .Artide 1". CHAPTER V General and final provision') Noching m chis Directive shall require a .\lemcer Scate ro provide for che disclosureof information u.nere such disclosure would be contrary co public poiicv. Artide 23 This Directi\e is addressed to chc .MemberStates. Done Jt , 18 December 19S For the Council The President .M. 1990/91:63 Bilaga 5 272 af 2. Lov om handelsagenter og handelsrejsende VI MARGRETHEDEN ANDEN, af Nåde Dronning, ger viUerligt; harvedtaget og Vi ved Vört samtykke stadfäestet falgende lov: Kapitel 1 Lo vens fra vigelighed kan fraviges ved aftale, medmin-dre andet erangivet i loven. Reglerne i kapitel 3 kan desuden fraviges ved saedvane. De regler i §§ 22 og 25-27, der ikke kan fraviges tilskade for handelsagenten, kan heller ikke ved en lovvalgsaftale fraviges til skadefor agenten, hvis forholdet uden lovvalgsafta-len ville vaere underkastet dennelov. Finderdansk ret anvendelse i et tilfael-de, hvor handelsagentens hverv for agenturgi-verenifolge kontraktens bestemmelser ikke skal udfores i et land, der er medlem afEF eller EFTA, eller i et af de nordiske lande, kan par-terne fravige alle bestemmelseri denne lov. §§ 22 og 25-27 kan dog ikke fraviges, hvis der i det land, hvorhandelsagentens hverv skal udfores, eller hvor handelsagenten er hjemmehorende,gaelder ufravigelige regler om opsigelse og godtgorelse i agenturforhold. Ved en handelsagent förstås i denne lov den, som foren anden (agenturgiveren) mod vederlag har påtaget sig for dennes regning selvstaendigtog vedvarende at virke for salg eller kob af varer ved at indhente tilbud (ordre)til agenturgiveren eller ved i dennes navn at indgå aftale herom. Agenturgiveren og handelsagenten har ret til fra denanden part at modtage et under-skrevet dokument, der angiver agenturaftalens vilkär,herunder eventuelle senere aftalte vil-kär. 1 kan ikke fraviges ved aftale. Handelsagenten skal ved udforelsen af sit hvervvaretage agenturgiverens interesser og handle loyalt og redeligt. 1) foretage rimelige bestraebelser for at indhen te tilbud og, ved bemyndigelse , indgå aftale vedrorende de forretninger, der er omfattet af agenturforholdet, 2) underrette agenturgiveren om indhentet til bud eller indgäet aftale og om andre for- hold, som agenten har kendskab til, og som agenturgiveren bor kende, og 3) falge rimelige forskrifter fra agenturgiveren. 1-2 kan ikke fraviges ved aftale. Agenturgiveren skal handle loyalt og redeligt överfor handelsagenten. 1)det nodvendigemateriale vedrorende de pågaeldende varer til rådighed for handelsagenten, 2)skaffe agentende opiysninger, der er nodvendige for hvervets gennemforelse, og 3)inden for en rimeligfrist underrette agenten om accept af eller afslag på tilbud, som denne har indsendt,og om manglende gennemforelse af en aftale, som agenten har formid-let. Hvis agenturgiveren kan forudse, at agenturforretningernebliver af va2sentlig mindre omfång, end handelsagenten normalt kun-ne haveforventet, skal agenturgiveren inden for en rimelig frist underrette agenten herom. 1-3 kan ikke fraviges ved aftale. Prop.1990/91:63 Bilaga 5 Forsommer handelsagenten eller agenturgiveren sine pligteröver for den anden part, har denne ret til erstatning for den for-voldteskade. Den, der vil krsve erstatning, skal underretteden anden part herom uden ugrundet ophold, efter at den pågaeldende fik eller burdehave fäet kendskab til forsommelsen og ska-den. I modsat fald fortabes rettentil erstatning. 2 gaelder ikke, hvis den anden part harhandiet i strid med almindelig hasderlighed eller groft uagtsomt. Hvis handelsagenten har varer på lager til salg for agenturgivereneller indkobt for denne, har agenten de samme pligter og rettigheder med hensyntil varerne, som handelskommis-sionaeren har efter kommissionslovens kapitel II. Er vederlagets storrelse ikke aftalt, harhandelsagenten ret til vederlag i overensstem-melse med, hvad der pä det sted, hvoragenten udover sin virksomhed, er saedvanligt for agenter for varer af den pågaeldendeart. I mangel af sådan sasdvane har agenten ret til et vederlag, der er rimeligtunder hensyn til samtlige om-staendigheder, der vedrorer forretningen. Handelsagenten har ret til provision af en aftale, somindgås, mens agenturforholdet består, hvis: 1) aftalen er kommet i stånd ved agentens med- virken, 2)aftalen udenagentens medvirken er indgäet med en tredjemand, som agenten tidligere har skaffetsom kunde for sä vidt angår 1ig-nendeaftaler, eller 3)agenten harfäet överdraget et bestemt geografisk område eller en bestemt kundekreds og aftalenuden agentens medvirken er indgäet med en tredjemand, der horer til områdeteller kundekredsen. Indgås aftalen under omstasndigheder som naevnt i §9, nr. 1 -3, efter agenturforholdets ophor, har handelsagenten ret tilprovision, hvis tredjemands tilbud er kommet frem til agenten eller agenturgivereninden agenturforholdets ophor. Handelsagenten har endvidere ret til provision, hvisaftalen hovedsagelig er bragt i stånd ved dennes virksomhed under agenturforholdets beståenog den er indgäet inden for rimelig tid efter forholdets ophor. Entiltrasdende handelsagent har ikke ret til provision efter § 9 af en aftale,for hvilken den föregående agent har ret til provision efter stk. 1-2, medmindredet på grund af omstaen-dighederne er rimeligt at dele provisionen mel-lem agenterne. Retten til provision forfalder, så snart og i detomfång en af folgende omstaendigheder foreligger: 1)Agenturgiverenhar eller skulle ifolge aftalen med tredjemand have leveret våren eller betaltkobesummen. 2)Tredjemand harbetalt kobesummen eller leveret våren eller skulle have foretaget sädan opfyldelseifolge aftalen med agenturgiveren, hvis denne havde opfyldt sin del af aftalen. En aftale, hvorefter provisionen forfalder pä et seneretidspunkt, end hvad der fol-ger af stk. 1, nr. 2, er ugyldig. Provisionen skal betales senest den sid-ste dag imåneden efter det kvartal, i hvilket retten til provision forfaldt, jf. I kan ikke ved forudgående aftale fravigestil skade for handelsagenten. Agenturgiveren skal senest den sidste dag i månedenefter det kvartal, i hvilket retten til provision forfaldt, sendehandelsagenten en nota vedrorende den provision, der forfaldt i kvartalet, jf.§ 11. Denne nota skal indeholde alle vaesentlige opiysninger, der har tjentsom grundlag for beregning af provisionsbelobene.