static struct task_struct *copy_process(unsigned long clone_flags,
					unsigned long stack_start,
					unsigned long stack_size,
					int __user *child_tidptr,
					struct pid *pid,
					int trace)
{
	int retval;
	struct task_struct *p;

	if ((clone_flags & (CLONE_NEWNS|CLONE_FS)) == (CLONE_NEWNS|CLONE_FS))
		return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);

	/*
	 * Thread groups must share signals as well, and detached threads
	 * can only be started up within the thread group.
	 */
	if ((clone_flags & CLONE_THREAD) && !(clone_flags & CLONE_SIGHAND))
		return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);

	/*
	 * Shared signal handlers imply shared VM. By way of the above,
	 * thread groups also imply shared VM. Blocking this case allows
	 * for various simplifications in other code.
	 */
	if ((clone_flags & CLONE_SIGHAND) && !(clone_flags & CLONE_VM))
		return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);

	/*
	 * Siblings of global init remain as zombies on exit since they are
	 * not reaped by their parent (swapper). To solve this and to avoid
	 * multi-rooted process trees, prevent global and container-inits
	 * from creating siblings.
	 */
	if ((clone_flags & CLONE_PARENT) &&
				current->signal->flags & SIGNAL_UNKILLABLE)
		return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);

	/*
	 * If the new process will be in a different pid namespace
	 * don't allow the creation of threads.
	 */
	if ((clone_flags & (CLONE_VM|CLONE_NEWPID)) &&
	    (task_active_pid_ns(current) != current->nsproxy->pid_ns))
		return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);

	retval = security_task_create(clone_flags);
	if (retval)
		goto fork_out;

	retval = -ENOMEM;
	p = dup_task_struct(current);
	if (!p)
		goto fork_out;

	ftrace_graph_init_task(p);
	get_seccomp_filter(p);

	rt_mutex_init_task(p);

#ifdef CONFIG_PROVE_LOCKING
	DEBUG_LOCKS_WARN_ON(!p->hardirqs_enabled);
	DEBUG_LOCKS_WARN_ON(!p->softirqs_enabled);
#endif
	retval = -EAGAIN;
	if (atomic_read(&p->real_cred->user->processes) >=
			task_rlimit(p, RLIMIT_NPROC)) {
		if (!capable(CAP_SYS_ADMIN) && !capable(CAP_SYS_RESOURCE) &&
		    p->real_cred->user != INIT_USER)
			goto bad_fork_free;
	}
	current->flags &= ~PF_NPROC_EXCEEDED;

	retval = copy_creds(p, clone_flags);
	if (retval < 0)
		goto bad_fork_free;

	/*
	 * If multiple threads are within copy_process(), then this check
	 * triggers too late. This doesn't hurt, the check is only there
	 * to stop root fork bombs.
	 */
	retval = -EAGAIN;
	if (nr_threads >= max_threads)
		goto bad_fork_cleanup_count;

	if (!try_module_get(task_thread_info(p)->exec_domain->module))
		goto bad_fork_cleanup_count;

	p->did_exec = 0;
	delayacct_tsk_init(p);	/* Must remain after dup_task_struct() */
	copy_flags(clone_flags, p);
	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&p->children);
	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&p->sibling);
	rcu_copy_process(p);
	p->vfork_done = NULL;
	spin_lock_init(&p->alloc_lock);

	init_sigpending(&p->pending);

	p->utime = p->stime = p->gtime = 0;
	p->utimescaled = p->stimescaled = 0;
#ifndef CONFIG_VIRT_CPU_ACCOUNTING
	p->prev_cputime.utime = p->prev_cputime.stime = 0;
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_VIRT_CPU_ACCOUNTING_GEN
	seqlock_init(&p->vtime_seqlock);
	p->vtime_snap = 0;
	p->vtime_snap_whence = VTIME_SLEEPING;
#endif

#if defined(SPLIT_RSS_COUNTING)
	memset(&p->rss_stat, 0, sizeof(p->rss_stat));
#endif

	p->default_timer_slack_ns = current->timer_slack_ns;

	task_io_accounting_init(&p->ioac);
	acct_clear_integrals(p);

	posix_cpu_timers_init(p);

	do_posix_clock_monotonic_gettime(&p->start_time);
	p->real_start_time = p->start_time;
	monotonic_to_bootbased(&p->real_start_time);
	p->io_context = NULL;
	p->audit_context = NULL;
	if (clone_flags & CLONE_THREAD)
		threadgroup_change_begin(current);
	cgroup_fork(p);
#ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
	p->mempolicy = mpol_dup(p->mempolicy);
	if (IS_ERR(p->mempolicy)) {
		retval = PTR_ERR(p->mempolicy);
		p->mempolicy = NULL;
		goto bad_fork_cleanup_cgroup;
	}
	mpol_fix_fork_child_flag(p);
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_CPUSETS
	p->cpuset_mem_spread_rotor = NUMA_NO_NODE;
	p->cpuset_slab_spread_rotor = NUMA_NO_NODE;
	seqcount_init(&p->mems_allowed_seq);
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_TRACE_IRQFLAGS
	p->irq_events = 0;
	p->hardirqs_enabled = 0;
	p->hardirq_enable_ip = 0;
	p->hardirq_enable_event = 0;
	p->hardirq_disable_ip = _THIS_IP_;
	p->hardirq_disable_event = 0;
	p->softirqs_enabled = 1;
	p->softirq_enable_ip = _THIS_IP_;
	p->softirq_enable_event = 0;
	p->softirq_disable_ip = 0;
	p->softirq_disable_event = 0;
	p->hardirq_context = 0;
	p->softirq_context = 0;
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_LOCKDEP
	p->lockdep_depth = 0; /* no locks held yet */
	p->curr_chain_key = 0;
	p->lockdep_recursion = 0;
#endif

#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_MUTEXES
	p->blocked_on = NULL; /* not blocked yet */
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_MEMCG
	p->memcg_batch.do_batch = 0;
	p->memcg_batch.memcg = NULL;
#endif

	/* Perform scheduler related setup. Assign this task to a CPU. */
	sched_fork(p);

	retval = perf_event_init_task(p);
	if (retval)
		goto bad_fork_cleanup_policy;
	retval = audit_alloc(p);
	if (retval)
		goto bad_fork_cleanup_policy;
	/* copy all the process information */
	retval = copy_semundo(clone_flags, p);
	if (retval)
		goto bad_fork_cleanup_audit;
	retval = copy_files(clone_flags, p);
	if (retval)
		goto bad_fork_cleanup_semundo;
	retval = copy_fs(clone_flags, p);
	if (retval)
		goto bad_fork_cleanup_files;
	retval = copy_sighand(clone_flags, p);
	if (retval)
		goto bad_fork_cleanup_fs;
	retval = copy_signal(clone_flags, p);
	if (retval)
		goto bad_fork_cleanup_sighand;
	retval = copy_mm(clone_flags, p);
	if (retval)
		goto bad_fork_cleanup_signal;
	retval = copy_namespaces(clone_flags, p);
	if (retval)
		goto bad_fork_cleanup_mm;
	retval = copy_io(clone_flags, p);
	if (retval)
		goto bad_fork_cleanup_namespaces;
	retval = copy_thread(clone_flags, stack_start, stack_size, p);
	if (retval)
		goto bad_fork_cleanup_io;

	if (pid != &init_struct_pid) {
		retval = -ENOMEM;
		pid = alloc_pid(p->nsproxy->pid_ns);
		if (!pid)
			goto bad_fork_cleanup_io;
	}

	p->pid = pid_nr(pid);
	p->tgid = p->pid;
	if (clone_flags & CLONE_THREAD)
		p->tgid = current->tgid;

	p->set_child_tid = (clone_flags & CLONE_CHILD_SETTID) ? child_tidptr : NULL;
	/*
	 * Clear TID on mm_release()?
	 */
	p->clear_child_tid = (clone_flags & CLONE_CHILD_CLEARTID) ? child_tidptr : NULL;
#ifdef CONFIG_BLOCK
	p->plug = NULL;
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_FUTEX
	p->robust_list = NULL;
#ifdef CONFIG_COMPAT
	p->compat_robust_list = NULL;
#endif
	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&p->pi_state_list);
	p->pi_state_cache = NULL;
#endif
	uprobe_copy_process(p);
	/*
	 * sigaltstack should be cleared when sharing the same VM
	 */
	if ((clone_flags & (CLONE_VM|CLONE_VFORK)) == CLONE_VM)
		p->sas_ss_sp = p->sas_ss_size = 0;

	/*
	 * Syscall tracing and stepping should be turned off in the
	 * child regardless of CLONE_PTRACE.
	 */
	user_disable_single_step(p);
	clear_tsk_thread_flag(p, TIF_SYSCALL_TRACE);
#ifdef TIF_SYSCALL_EMU
	clear_tsk_thread_flag(p, TIF_SYSCALL_EMU);
#endif
	clear_all_latency_tracing(p);

	/* ok, now we should be set up.. */
	if (clone_flags & CLONE_THREAD)
		p->exit_signal = -1;
	else if (clone_flags & CLONE_PARENT)
		p->exit_signal = current->group_leader->exit_signal;
	else
		p->exit_signal = (clone_flags & CSIGNAL);

	p->pdeath_signal = 0;
	p->exit_state = 0;

	p->nr_dirtied = 0;
	p->nr_dirtied_pause = 128 >> (PAGE_SHIFT - 10);
	p->dirty_paused_when = 0;

	/*
	 * Ok, make it visible to the rest of the system.
	 * We dont wake it up yet.
	 */
	p->group_leader = p;
	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&p->thread_group);
	p->task_works = NULL;

	/* Need tasklist lock for parent etc handling! */
	write_lock_irq(&tasklist_lock);

	/* CLONE_PARENT re-uses the old parent */
	if (clone_flags & (CLONE_PARENT|CLONE_THREAD)) {
		p->real_parent = current->real_parent;
		p->parent_exec_id = current->parent_exec_id;
	} else {
		p->real_parent = current;
		p->parent_exec_id = current->self_exec_id;
	}

	spin_lock(&current->sighand->siglock);

	/*
	 * Process group and session signals need to be delivered to just the
	 * parent before the fork or both the parent and the child after the
	 * fork. Restart if a signal comes in before we add the new process to
	 * it's process group.
	 * A fatal signal pending means that current will exit, so the new
	 * thread can't slip out of an OOM kill (or normal SIGKILL).
	*/
	recalc_sigpending();
	if (signal_pending(current)) {
		spin_unlock(&current->sighand->siglock);
		write_unlock_irq(&tasklist_lock);
		retval = -ERESTARTNOINTR;
		goto bad_fork_free_pid;
	}

	if (clone_flags & CLONE_THREAD) {
		current->signal->nr_threads++;
		atomic_inc(&current->signal->live);
		atomic_inc(&current->signal->sigcnt);
		p->group_leader = current->group_leader;
		list_add_tail_rcu(&p->thread_group, &p->group_leader->thread_group);
	}

	if (likely(p->pid)) {
		ptrace_init_task(p, (clone_flags & CLONE_PTRACE) || trace);

		if (thread_group_leader(p)) {
			if (is_child_reaper(pid)) {
				ns_of_pid(pid)->child_reaper = p;
				p->signal->flags |= SIGNAL_UNKILLABLE;
			}

			p->signal->leader_pid = pid;
			p->signal->tty = tty_kref_get(current->signal->tty);
			attach_pid(p, PIDTYPE_PGID, task_pgrp(current));
			attach_pid(p, PIDTYPE_SID, task_session(current));
			list_add_tail(&p->sibling, &p->real_parent->children);
			list_add_tail_rcu(&p->tasks, &init_task.tasks);
			__this_cpu_inc(process_counts);
		}
		attach_pid(p, PIDTYPE_PID, pid);
		nr_threads++;
	}

	total_forks++;
	spin_unlock(&current->sighand->siglock);
	write_unlock_irq(&tasklist_lock);
	proc_fork_connector(p);
	cgroup_post_fork(p);
	if (clone_flags & CLONE_THREAD)
		threadgroup_change_end(current);
	perf_event_fork(p);

	trace_task_newtask(p, clone_flags);

	return p;

bad_fork_free_pid:
	if (pid != &init_struct_pid)
		free_pid(pid);
bad_fork_cleanup_io:
	if (p->io_context)
		exit_io_context(p);
bad_fork_cleanup_namespaces:
	exit_task_namespaces(p);
bad_fork_cleanup_mm:
	if (p->mm)
		mmput(p->mm);
bad_fork_cleanup_signal:
	if (!(clone_flags & CLONE_THREAD))
		free_signal_struct(p->signal);
bad_fork_cleanup_sighand:
	__cleanup_sighand(p->sighand);
bad_fork_cleanup_fs:
	exit_fs(p); /* blocking */
bad_fork_cleanup_files:
	exit_files(p); /* blocking */
bad_fork_cleanup_semundo:
	exit_sem(p);
bad_fork_cleanup_audit:
	audit_free(p);
bad_fork_cleanup_policy:
	perf_event_free_task(p);
#ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
	mpol_put(p->mempolicy);
bad_fork_cleanup_cgroup:
#endif
	if (clone_flags & CLONE_THREAD)
		threadgroup_change_end(current);
	cgroup_exit(p, 0);
	delayacct_tsk_free(p);
	module_put(task_thread_info(p)->exec_domain->module);
bad_fork_cleanup_count:
	atomic_dec(&p->cred->user->processes);
	exit_creds(p);
bad_fork_free:
	free_task(p);
fork_out:
	return ERR_PTR(retval);
}