get_futex_key(u32 __user *uaddr, int fshared, union futex_key *key, enum futex_access rw)
{
	unsigned long address = (unsigned long)uaddr;
	struct mm_struct *mm = current->mm;
	struct page *page, *tail;
	struct address_space *mapping;
	int err, ro = 0;

	/*
	 * The futex address must be "naturally" aligned.
	 */
	key->both.offset = address % PAGE_SIZE;
	if (unlikely((address % sizeof(u32)) != 0))
		return -EINVAL;
	address -= key->both.offset;

	if (unlikely(!access_ok(uaddr, sizeof(u32))))
		return -EFAULT;

	if (unlikely(should_fail_futex(fshared)))
		return -EFAULT;

	/*
	 * PROCESS_PRIVATE futexes are fast.
	 * As the mm cannot disappear under us and the 'key' only needs
	 * virtual address, we dont even have to find the underlying vma.
	 * Note : We do have to check 'uaddr' is a valid user address,
	 *        but access_ok() should be faster than find_vma()
	 */
	if (!fshared) {
		key->private.mm = mm;
		key->private.address = address;
		get_futex_key_refs(key);  /* implies smp_mb(); (B) */
		return 0;
	}

again:
	/* Ignore any VERIFY_READ mapping (futex common case) */
	if (unlikely(should_fail_futex(fshared)))
		return -EFAULT;

	err = get_user_pages_fast(address, 1, FOLL_WRITE, &page);
	/*
	 * If write access is not required (eg. FUTEX_WAIT), try
	 * and get read-only access.
	 */
	if (err == -EFAULT && rw == FUTEX_READ) {
		err = get_user_pages_fast(address, 1, 0, &page);
		ro = 1;
	}
	if (err < 0)
		return err;
	else
		err = 0;

	/*
	 * The treatment of mapping from this point on is critical. The page
	 * lock protects many things but in this context the page lock
	 * stabilizes mapping, prevents inode freeing in the shared
	 * file-backed region case and guards against movement to swap cache.
	 *
	 * Strictly speaking the page lock is not needed in all cases being
	 * considered here and page lock forces unnecessarily serialization
	 * From this point on, mapping will be re-verified if necessary and
	 * page lock will be acquired only if it is unavoidable
	 *
	 * Mapping checks require the head page for any compound page so the
	 * head page and mapping is looked up now. For anonymous pages, it
	 * does not matter if the page splits in the future as the key is
	 * based on the address. For filesystem-backed pages, the tail is
	 * required as the index of the page determines the key. For
	 * base pages, there is no tail page and tail == page.
	 */
	tail = page;
	page = compound_head(page);
	mapping = READ_ONCE(page->mapping);

	/*
	 * If page->mapping is NULL, then it cannot be a PageAnon
	 * page; but it might be the ZERO_PAGE or in the gate area or
	 * in a special mapping (all cases which we are happy to fail);
	 * or it may have been a good file page when get_user_pages_fast
	 * found it, but truncated or holepunched or subjected to
	 * invalidate_complete_page2 before we got the page lock (also
	 * cases which we are happy to fail).  And we hold a reference,
	 * so refcount care in invalidate_complete_page's remove_mapping
	 * prevents drop_caches from setting mapping to NULL beneath us.
	 *
	 * The case we do have to guard against is when memory pressure made
	 * shmem_writepage move it from filecache to swapcache beneath us:
	 * an unlikely race, but we do need to retry for page->mapping.
	 */
	if (unlikely(!mapping)) {
		int shmem_swizzled;

		/*
		 * Page lock is required to identify which special case above
		 * applies. If this is really a shmem page then the page lock
		 * will prevent unexpected transitions.
		 */
		lock_page(page);
		shmem_swizzled = PageSwapCache(page) || page->mapping;
		unlock_page(page);
		put_page(page);

		if (shmem_swizzled)
			goto again;

		return -EFAULT;
	}

	/*
	 * Private mappings are handled in a simple way.
	 *
	 * If the futex key is stored on an anonymous page, then the associated
	 * object is the mm which is implicitly pinned by the calling process.
	 *
	 * NOTE: When userspace waits on a MAP_SHARED mapping, even if
	 * it's a read-only handle, it's expected that futexes attach to
	 * the object not the particular process.
	 */
	if (PageAnon(page)) {
		/*
		 * A RO anonymous page will never change and thus doesn't make
		 * sense for futex operations.
		 */
		if (unlikely(should_fail_futex(fshared)) || ro) {
			err = -EFAULT;
			goto out;
		}

		key->both.offset |= FUT_OFF_MMSHARED; /* ref taken on mm */
		key->private.mm = mm;
		key->private.address = address;

		get_futex_key_refs(key); /* implies smp_mb(); (B) */

	} else {
		struct inode *inode;

		/*
		 * The associated futex object in this case is the inode and
		 * the page->mapping must be traversed. Ordinarily this should
		 * be stabilised under page lock but it's not strictly
		 * necessary in this case as we just want to pin the inode, not
		 * update the radix tree or anything like that.
		 *
		 * The RCU read lock is taken as the inode is finally freed
		 * under RCU. If the mapping still matches expectations then the
		 * mapping->host can be safely accessed as being a valid inode.
		 */
		rcu_read_lock();

		if (READ_ONCE(page->mapping) != mapping) {
			rcu_read_unlock();
			put_page(page);

			goto again;
		}

		inode = READ_ONCE(mapping->host);
		if (!inode) {
			rcu_read_unlock();
			put_page(page);

			goto again;
		}

		/*
		 * Take a reference unless it is about to be freed. Previously
		 * this reference was taken by ihold under the page lock
		 * pinning the inode in place so i_lock was unnecessary. The
		 * only way for this check to fail is if the inode was
		 * truncated in parallel which is almost certainly an
		 * application bug. In such a case, just retry.
		 *
		 * We are not calling into get_futex_key_refs() in file-backed
		 * cases, therefore a successful atomic_inc return below will
		 * guarantee that get_futex_key() will still imply smp_mb(); (B).
		 */
		if (!atomic_inc_not_zero(&inode->i_count)) {
			rcu_read_unlock();
			put_page(page);

			goto again;
		}

		/* Should be impossible but lets be paranoid for now */
		if (WARN_ON_ONCE(inode->i_mapping != mapping)) {
			err = -EFAULT;
			rcu_read_unlock();
			iput(inode);

			goto out;
		}

		key->both.offset |= FUT_OFF_INODE; /* inode-based key */
		key->shared.inode = inode;
		key->shared.pgoff = basepage_index(tail);
		rcu_read_unlock();
	}

out:
	put_page(page);
	return err;
}