BAL was performed 24 hours before OLB. Findings of BAL were compatible with pathological diagnosis for only four patients with diagnoses of bacterial pneumonia, mycobacterial tuberculosis, cytomegalovirus pneumonitis, and Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. Twenty-two patients (54%) had chest HRCT before OLB to identify an appropriate biopsy site. For the remaining 19 patients who did not undergo chest HRCT, OLBs were performed from the right middle lobe in 12 patients and from the lingular lobe in seven patients.