Apart from an orthopaedic bone bank, many hospitals often have more organ banks, such as a haematological bone marrow bank for stem cell transplantation or the IVF laboratory of the department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics. Therefore, in every hospital a central system for tissue vigilance should be established and all departments that require cells and/or tissue for transplantation purposes should participate. Thus, highest cell and tissue security levels within the hospital are warranted by controlling the complete transplantation chain from donation to transplantation, including appropriate reporting and follow-up of incidents and side effects.