Objective: The World Health Organisation (WHO) currently recognises four categories of PTLD, which are lymphoid/ plasmacytic proliferations occurring due to immunosuppression after organ transplantation. The aim of this study was to examine the clinicopathologic characteristics of PTLD occurring after renal transplantation in the Republic of Ireland. Method: The National Renal Transplant Registry from 1991 to 2000 (inclusive) was cross referenced with the National Cancer Registry to identify renal transplant recipients who had developed PTLD up to the present day. Review of Pathology and chart review was conducted for each case. Results: Of 2,441 patients (2,667 allografts), 34 cases of PTLD were identified, with pathology review possible in 33 cases. There were 26 (79 %) Monomorphic PTLD (23 Diffuse Large B Cell {DLBCL}, 1 Anaplastic Large Cell, 1 Burkitts-like, 1 Myeloma], 3 Hodgkin-type PTLD, 1 (3 %) Polymorphic PTLD and 1 (3 %) early lesion. In addition, there was 1 Mantle cell lymphoma and 1 Lymphomatoid Granulomatosis. The annual incidence of PTLD was estimated as 0.2 % (95 % CI 0.14-0.28). Median time to diagnosis was 8.7 years (Range 2 to 19.2 years). Conclusion: Similar to other studies, Monomorphic PTLD is the most common type, with DLBCL representing the majority of cases. Of interest, early onset PTLD was very uncommon in this study.