. ELISA came into use as diagnostic methods for many infectious diseases around the year 1975; till then it has been used as one of the most accepted serological techniques. The first report of use of an indirect ELISA to screen cattle for antibodies against FMDV was that of Abu Elzein and Crowther [125] . Subsequently, a sandwich ELISA using convalescent bovine immunoglobulin (Igs) as capture and anti-146S guinea pig sera as tracing sera was found suitable for detection and quantification of FMD virus in infected tissue culture fluid and epithelial tissue samples [126] . The use of anti-146S rabbit immunoglobulin in place of convalescent bovine immunoglobulin as capture antibody increased the sensitivity of sandwich ELISA [127] .