Recently CD14 was also found to enhance the innate immune response triggered by the TLR3 ligand poly(I:C), a synthetic mimic of double stranded RNA [20] . TLR3 together with TLR7 and TLR8 are regarded as sensors for viral infection, since these receptors recognize viral nucleic acids, like single and double stranded RNA. Th e potentiating eff ect of CD14 on TLR3 activation resulted from increased uptake of poly(I:C) and intracellular delivery to the compartment where TLR3 resides [20] . Taken together, these fi ndings suggest that CD14 plays an important role in the induction and amplifi cation of infl ammatory responses evoked by a wide variety of pathogens.