Although PDC-E2 is a ubiquitous antigen found in every cell in the body, pathology is localized to small bile ducts and salivary glands. Thus, it was important to confirm the specificity of the immune response induced by injection of bovine PDC-E2 by not only analyzing liver tissue, but also selected control tissues. It was interesting that there was lymphoid cell infiltration associated with mild duct injuries in the salivary glands of mice in all groups (Fig. 3e) . Moreover, after 30 weeks, lymph node swelling was evident in all mice. However, in contrast to the liver and salivary glands, there were no indications of significant inflammatory responses in other organs. Thus, immune responses to bovine PDC-E2 and a-casein with or without IFN-g were localized to the ducts of the liver and salivary glands and appeared to be due to CFA or impurities in our antigen preparations.