Immune monitoring demonstrated effects of AMT on the functional immune parameters in about half of patients. In the patients with PR, histological examination showed tumor necrosis and many lymphocytes including plasmacytes infiltrating in the tumor. Conclusion: These results suggest that a promising rate of patients with advanced HCC respond clinically to the AMT treatment without significant safety issue and AMT has some immuno modulatory capacities. Background/Aims: Dysplastic nodules are important due to premalignant potential. The aim of this study was to evaluate the electron microscopic findings of liver dysplastic nodule in patients with liver cirrhosis. Methods: A total of 5 patients (mean age: 64±9 years old, male 4) with dysplastic nodules which suspected as malignant nodule (mean size 1.38±0.22 cm) was enrolled from 48 cases of liver cirrhosis undergone ultrasonography-guided biopsy from December 2006 to January 2008. The etiologies of liver cirrhosis were as follows; alcohol (1 patient), hepatitis B virus (2), and hepatitis C virus (2). Results: Hepatocytes showed rosette formation of regenerative hepatocyte or degeneration. The nucleus was round or oval shaped and the nucleus membrane was irregular. The nucleolus was prominent and clear, the mitochondria were crowded to one side in the cytoplasm with megamitochondria. Glycogen granules and lipofuscin pigments were abundant. Sinusoid formation was poorly developed and collagen fiber bundles were increased. The hepatocytes of rosette formation and bile ductules cell made of canal of Hering, which was dilated and microvilli was decreased. The number of canal of Hering was 7, which was composed of 1.7±0.8 with hepatocyte and 2.1±0.7 with bile ductule cell, respectively. There was no oval cell in the canal of Hering, which was relatively well developed. Schwann cells were clustered together in nerve plexus. Therefore, these electron microscopic findings showed that dysplastic nodule was similar to early hepatocellular carcinoma. Conclusions: This study showed that dysplastic nodule in liver cirrhosis is nearly identified to early hepatocellular carcinoma.