The index case was recorded on June 23 2007 (a man who had arrived in Italy from India on June 21, [1] ). On August 23, after the identification of CHIKV as the pathogen responsible for the ongoing epidemic, a set of interventions were undertaken to control the epidemic spread [1] : breeding sites and eggs removal on August 23; use of adulticides from August 23 to August 25 (3 days) and antilarval measures. Breeding sites were attempted to be removed in the entire area (house-to-house interventions were performed and community participation was encouraged as well) while insecticide interventions were undertaken within a radius of 100 m of each suspected case's residence (300 m for clusters of cases).