Complete block of cytokine response by 10 nM E5564 in blood extrapolates to a human dose of approximately 100 μg in a 70-kg individual. Recent studies have supported this extrapolation by finding that a dose of 100 μg of E5564 given to normal volunteers over 30 min completely blocks response (signs, symptoms, and cytokines) to a dose of 4 ng/kg endotoxin administered at the midpoint of the E5564 infusion (66) .