Most (208, 60.1%) respondents were men 35-54 years of age, of whom 192 (55.3%) had worked a mean of 16.1 years in the poultry industry. Respondents showed low mean summative scores for knowledge of avian infl uenza (online Appendix incorrectly believed that a human vaccine for avian infl uenza was available. Most (208, 89.9%) respondents were familiar with infl uenza-like symptoms of avian infl uenza virus (H5N1) infection such as fever, but fewer workers were aware of respiratory and gastrointestinal symptoms of virus infection.