In the past 10 years, other studies regarding banaba extracts or chemicals derived from banaba extracts were reported (49) (50) (51) (52) . These studies indicate that banaba extracts contain interesting biomedical substances that have attracted significant scientific attention. More detailed studies at molecular and cellular levels as well as in animal models are required to elucidate banaba extract's antidiabetic activity and other health beneficial activities such as its anti-adipogenesis activity. 