Learning Objectives: 1. To recognise the specificities of DTI in the paediatric brain. 2. To gain knowledge of the importance of DTI in the assessment of brain maturation and white matter diseases. 3. To learn the DTI value in the evaluation of brain destructive lesions. Advancements in CT and MRI technology have led to an increasing use of these modalities in the non-invasive assessment of coronary arteries, myocardial perfusion and cardiac function. While their role in detecting coronary artery disease and functional disorders has been widely accepted, it is still unclear whether they could be adopted in triaging patients for the best therapeutic approach. Large studies have already suggested that indication for surgery and percutaneous interventions cannot be solely based on the demonstration of morphological alterations and that such "cosmetic" interventions are not always leading to the expected outcomes. Therefore, non-invasive imaging techniques have to offer more than just the detection of grades of coronary artery stenosis, of areas of infarcted myocardium, or of valvular alterations. Adjustment of imaging protocols for additional evaluation of coronary flow reserve, of myocardial perfusion and contractility and of valve size, position and damage with subsequent quantification of degree of stenosis and/ or regurgitation are necessary in order to allow choosing the most appropriate therapeutic approach and thus become the "gold standard" for prognosis and pretherapeutic diagnosis of cardiac diseases.