In 2008, a total of 770 fecal swabs were collected from 77 turkey flocks (10 individual faecal swabs/flock) located in different regions of Poland. Samples were collected from poults aged 1 to 19 weeks. Most of the flocks tested showed one or more of the enteritis symptoms, most frequently diarrhea, thermoregulatory disorders, depression and growth retardation. In 20 flocks, the birds were in good health, while PEMS symptoms (with increased mortality) were observed in 10 flocks. All samples were stored below -65°C until processing. After slow thawing, each individual swab was hydrated in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) supplemented with antibiotics (100 U of penicillin with 100 mg of streptomycin/ml), incubated for 1 h at room temperature, clarified by centrifugation at 1500 g for 20 min and used for RNA extraction.