Objective: Overexpression of COX-2 correlates with aggressive disease of NSCLC. Aim of our study was to determine the COX-2 expression levels by two methods. Method: Analysis was done on 24 consecutive surgical specimens of NSCLC fixed in Paxgene tissue system. Relative quantification of COX-2 mRNA expression was performed by quantitative RT-PCR using intron-spanning primer-probe set. COX-2 protein expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Scoring was performed using an intensity-extent system, both parameters on the scale 0-3 and multiplied to give IHC index. Results: There were 12 cases of adenocarcinoma, 11 cases of squamous cell carcinoma and one typical carcinoid. COX-2 mRNA expression was detectable in all specimens. The median COX-2 mRNA expression value, normalized against he internal reference gene GADPH, was 0,53 (range 0,08-12,49). We observed cytoplasmic and membranous immunohistochemical reaction patterns. Average IHC index was 3,8. There was positive correlation between mRNA and protein COX-2 expression (R2=0,31). Adenocarcinoma cases had average relative mRNA expression value 2,45 and IHC index 5,08, while squamous cell carcinoma had average relative mRNA expression value 0,67 and IHC index 2,73. Conclusion: COX-2 is expressed in NSCLC with various IHC reaction patterns. Adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma have different COX-2 expression levels. Objective: The Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway is up-regulated in many human cancers, and agents targeting the mTOR pathway are in various stages of clinical development and application. Method: Expression of pAkt and mTOR was studied by immunohistochemical analysis of 574 surgically resected nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) specimens on a tissue microarray (TMA). Results: The results were correlated with clinicopathological features. Expression of mTOR showed a strong correlation with the expression of pAkt (p<0.001) and was significantly associated with female gender, tumor size ≤3 cm, adenocarcinoma (ADC), non-smoker status, and lower pathological stage. Expression of pAkt was correlated with older age (≥ 65), ADC, non-smoker status, and lower T stage. Univariate survival analysis revealed that the mTOR and pAkt positive group had a significantly longer cancer-specific survival than the mTOR and pAkt negative group (p=0.038 and p=0.024, respectively). Coexpression of pAkt and mTOR correlated with better prognosis than either single or double negative pAkt and mTOR groups (p=0.016). However, multivariate analysis proved that mTOR and pAkt expression are not independent prognostic factors for cancer-specific survival. Conclusion: Expression of pAkt and mTOR expression is more significantly associated with ADC than squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and expression of these proteins is associated with better prognosis.