where a connected triple means a single node with edges to a pair of others. φ measures the fraction of triples that also form part of a triangle. The factor of three accounts for the fact that each triangle is found in three triples and guarantees that 0 ≤ φ ≤ 1 (and its inclusion depends on the way that triangles in the network are counted). Locally, the clustering coefficient for each node, i, can be defined as the fraction of triangles formed through the immediate neighbours of i [74] φ i = # triangles centered on i # triples centered on i .