The primary treatment modalities of all patients were: (a) surgery alone (5 cases); (b) chemotherapy alone (6 cases); (c) surgery followed by chemotherapy (8 cases); (d) chemotherapy followed by radiotherapy (10 cases). A total of 13 patients received surgery, including two patients by VATS, one by wedge resection thoracotomy, and 10 by lobectomy. Twenty-four patients treated with chemotherapy (median: 5 cycles, range: 2-9 cycles). The most frequently used first-line treatment were CHOP (cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincris- tine, and prednisone) or CHOP-like regimens. Thirteen patients received rituximab (median: 5 cycles, range: 2-9 cycles) in combination with chemotherapy: seven had MALT lymphoma, five had DLBCL, and one had plasmacytic lymphoma. The overall response rate to initial chemotherapy was 81%, including complete remission in four cases and partial response in nine cases.