These risk factor candidates were selected with reference to previous international and domestic recommendations and guidelines [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] . The second question asked about the fraction of cancer genetically predetermined using the same categories as the first, while the third asked about the preventable fraction of cancer by modification of lifestyle using estimation of an actual percent value. In addition to these questions, subjects were also asked about their smoking and drinking practices, and occupational and educational status.