Introduction: Implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs) are increasingly used for the prevention of sudden cardiac death in patients with life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias. Most ICD recipients are reported to experience some degree of psychosocial problems. Despite calls by international committees for improving cardiologists' recognition and treatment of psychosocial problems for patients with ICDs, little is known about cardiologists' beliefs for these problems in Asia. The purpose of this study was to identify cardiologists' beliefs about psychosocial problems for ICD recipients in Japan. Methods: Of all 337 licensed hospitals to implant ICDs in Japan, 145 (40.1%) participated in our mail survey. The subjects were cardiologists who frequently implanted ICDs in each hospital. The questionnaire consisted of 10 items designed to assess respondents' beliefs about psychosocial problems (i.e., "ICD recipients often have health care issues.") and prior experiences of psychiatric care (i.e., "How often have you prescribed psychotropic medications to patients diagnosed with mental disorders?"). Respondents rated each question on 4-point scales. Results: Most cardiologists (91-96%) identified "health care issues," "lifestyle issues," and "emotional well-being issues" as concerning factors that could affect the psychosocial problems of ICD recipients. On the other hand, many cardiologists (67-88%) did not provide mental health care such as pharmacotherapy, psychotherapy, counseling, and listening attentively. Conclusion: Our results indicate that most cardiologists do not provide mental health care for psychosocial problems of ICD recipients, though they are aware of these problems. Learning objectives 1. Describe the prevalence of abnormal weight among low-income Korean children 2. Explain behaviors associated with abnormal weight status. Background: A national school health screening program of Korea announces an increase of underweight in school while obesity increases in the country. Low-income children are vulnerable to such discrepancy and subsequent health outcomes. This study is intended to report the prevalence of abnormal weight status and associated behavioral and health characteristics of low-income Korean children. Methods: A total of 2,033 low-income elementary students were recruited from 106 Community Child Centers in Korea in 2006. Health examination and survey were conducted to detect behavioral characteristics and health conditions. Abnormal weight was determined by using the BMI-for-age and -sex chart of the national School Health Screening Program of Korea. Results: Higher prevalence of underweight(8.0%) and overweight/obesity(18.0%) is found among low-income elementary children. Differences in eating regularity and variety, smoking, and health education experience are found between abnormal and normal weight children, while previously established factors such as drinking soda and exercise level are not relevant in this study. Underweight children experience higher level of stress with academic performance (OR=3.757, p=0.005) than normal weight children, and overweight/obese children are more concerned about their appearance (OR=3.881, p<0.001). Conclusion: These findings highlight the importance of coordinated health promotion programs that integrate school health with services for low-income children. Periodical monitoring and nutritional service should concern preventing and intervening early in order to reduce abnormal weight problems. Research is needed to understand a more comprehensive picture of factors associated with both underweight and overweight/obesity among low-income Korean children. According to the NIMH (2004), a significant number of children suffer from untreated emotional and behavioral problems. This lack of service use has significant implications considering that mental health (MH) problems during childhood can lead to difficulties later in life. Despite increased efforts to tailor MH services to the needs of each consumer, ethnocultural disparities in access to and use of these services continue to abound (Yamada & Brekke, 2008) . Findings suggest that ethnic minority populations have a higher unmet need than Non-Hispanic Whites (e.g., Diala et al, 2002) . However, efforts to explain disparities in MH services have been limited. Researchers have identified several variables that influence individuals to utilize mental health services such as income, ethnicity, and attitudes (e.g., Cepeda-Benito & Short, 1998; Turner & Liew, in press) . Obasi & Leong (2009) hypothesize that it is also important to note that group difference exists, and it is imperative that future research investigate cultural variables (acculturation, traditions, etc.) . Previous research has found some ethnic minority groups use coping sources (i.e., friends, family) and practices (i.e., family, social, and religious) that are more consistent with their cultural beliefs instead of those more consistent with traditional MH services (e.g., Harrison et al., 2004; McMiller & Weisz, 1996) . The purpose of the current study is to examine to role of cultural identity, religiosity, perceived behavioral control (PBC), and attitudes on utilization of MH service among European Americans and non-European Americans. Participants were 150 caregivers (89% female) recruited from the Southwest United States. Mean age of participants was 34.4 years old. Participants completed the following measures a demographic questionnaire, the Parental Attitudes Toward Psychological Services Inventory (PATPSI; Turner, 2006) , and selfreported their cultural identity, religiosity, and likelihood of mental health service use. Results indicated that both attitudes and PBC were positively related to utilization, and participants' ratings of cultural identity and religiosity were not correlated with utilization. When examining group differences between European Americans and non-European Americans mean differences were only noted for perceived behavioral control. European Americans reported feeling more control over their ability to seek services if warranted. Finally, both perceived behavioral control and attitudes independently predicted utilization of mental health services.