Method: Islets of malignant cells were visually located on the archived cytological slides, lysed in situ by the drop of SDS-containing buffer, and subjected to the standard DNA and RNA extraction. Examination of paraffin-embedded tissue blocks from the same patients was done in parallel. Results: 75 cytological/histological lung adenocarcionoma sample pairs underwent the analysis for EGFR mutation. 2 cytological and 1 morphological samples failed to produce DNA. Concordance for the wild-type and mutation status was observed in 53/72 and 14/72 informative pairs, respectively; 1 pair was non-interpretable; 3 and 1 pairs had mutation only in the cytological or histological material, respectively. RNA extraction followed by RT-PCR analysis for the EML4-ALK translocation was done for the 51 pair; failures were observed for 3 cytological and 8 histological samples. 34/40 informative pairs were concordant for the norm, 3 contained identical translocations, and 2 were noninterpretable. 1 pair demonstrated ALK rearrangement in the tissue block but not in the histological slide. Conclusion: Archived cytological slides appear to be well suitable both for EGFR and ALK analysis. Objective: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) represents a heterogeneous group of cancers consisting mainly of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and adenocarcinoma (AD). Increased sirtuin (SIRT-1) expression leads to deacetylation of p53 that could be important in the pathogenesis of lung cancer. Differences of the molecular mechanisms in NSCLC subtypes may follow subtly different pathways to tumorigenesis. The aim of our study was compare SIRT-1 expression in lung adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma and control group. Method: 25 patients with stage 2 lung cancer were enrolled in the study. 14 patients had adenocarcinoma, but 11 patients had squamous cell carcinoma. Lung tissue for control group were selected from 15 autopsy cases. Immunohistochemical and western blot methods were used to evaluate SIRT-1 expression in lung tissue. Results: Obtained results showed that patients with lung cancer had increased SIRT-1 expression compared to control group (146±111 vs. 21±16 cells/mm2, p<0.0001). In addition, patients with squamous cell carcinoma had increased SIRT-1 positive cells compared to patients with adenocarcinoma (203±143 vs. 95±49 cells/mm2, p=0.03). Conclusion: Lung cancer is characterized by an increased SIRT-1 expression which ir more prominent in squamous cell carcinoma. Objective: Transplantation is the only treatment for several end-stage lung diseases but limited by chronic allograft dysfunction particularly obliterative bronchiolitis (OB) and its correlate bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome. The development of preclinical models is crucial to better identify immunological/non-immunological mechanisms leading to OB. [group B and C] post-transplant, animals were sacrificed. In animals from group C, cyclosporine was administered at sub-optimal dose. Lung rejection was graded according to the working formulation of ISHLT and the presence of circulating donor-specific (DSA) antibodies determined by flow cytometry. Results: In group A, acute rejection (AR) or OB occurred in 33 % and 17 % of animals, respectively. AR occurred in 33-44 % of animals in group B and C respectively. OB was detected in 33 % and in 44 % of group B and C respectively. High levels of DSA IgG were observed in cases with AR. Conclusion: A novel model of pulmonary OB was developed in the rat. To obtain a reproducible onset of OB, shortterm and sub therapeutic cyclosporin administration appears indispensable, at least in our species combination.