As part of the Delay and Contain phases of the Australian response to the pandemic, active case-finding involved identification, isolation, testing and antiviral treatment of incoming travellers with influenza-like illnesses; and prophylactic treatment and home quarantine of the close contacts of suspect/confirmed cases. Influenza is a notifiable disease in all Australian jurisdictions. Public health reference laboratories in Victoria and WA developed pH1N1-specific nucleic acid amplification tests in the first week of May.