Multiplex assays for the detection of more traditional bacterial pathogens have not been studied as frequently in respiratory specimens, primarily because culture techniques are usually adequate for clinical practice. Moreover, molecular methods provide no additional advantage over culture in differentiating infection from colonization of the upper respiratory tract. Nevertheless, multiplex NADTs for bacteria such as S. pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and Streptococcus pyogenes have been evaluated in respiratory specimens [45] and will likely be incorporated into larger multiplexing assays.