Clark, in his article about physicians' duty to treat, claimed that there are three reasons in which such a duty is grounded [16] : "... since the ability to render aid is greater, the obligation to assist is (...) elevated. Second, by consideration of Daniels' argument that by freely joining a profession designed to combat disease, one consents to some standard of risk, and third, by realizing that the profession has flourished due to socially negotiated promises to be available in such times of duress."