The prognosis for HIV-infected patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) has improved dramatically since the consistent use of highly-active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART) and conventional chemotherapy. Despite initial reports showing lower responses and higher mortality from combination chemotherapy in HIV-infected patients, in the modern era HAART-treated patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma treated with CHOP or rituximab-CHOP have similar outcomes to patients without HIV infection [22] . Nevertheless, many patients relapse and lymphoma remains a significant cause of death for patients with HIV-related lymphoma. In the past, HIV infection was felt to be a contraindication to autologous SCT out of concern for excessive toxicity and poor response rates. Currently, several reports suggest that HIVinfected patients may tolerate autologous SCT similar to non-HIV-infected patients [23] .