Recently, a different antimicrobial function has been assigned to autophagy and this function appears to be selective. During infection, ribosomal protein precursors are transported by autophagy in a p62-dependent manner into lysosomes [112] . These ribosomal protein precursors are subsequently processed by lysosomal protease into small antimicrobial peptides. Importantly, it has been shown that induction of autophagy during a Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection leads to the fusion between phagosomes containing this bacterium and autophagosomes, and the production of the antimicrobial peptides in this compartment kills M. tuberculosis [112] .