The benefits of stress-dose steroid therapy and recombinant activated protein C (APC) in septic shock remain controversial [126] . Bouazza et al. [127] hypothesised that the combination of APC and steroids would be beneficial compared with their individual use in resuscitated septic shock induced by caecal ligation and puncture. They observed that either APC or dexamethasone improved arterial contractility and endothelial dysfunction resulting from septic shock; however, their combination increased survival, thus recommending the re-evaluation of the combined use of APC and steroids. The conclusion of the PROWESS-SHOCK study (still unpublished) that led to the retraction of the APC from the market has eliminated this molecule from clinical use.