Onset and sustainability of antiviral intervention Intervention with limited amounts of antivirals Figure 3 Intervention with limited amounts of antivirals. Number of outpatients expected during a pandemic wave, varied by the availability of antivirals. Parameter values are based on the InfluSim standard configuration [15] with R 0 = 2.5, except those listed at the end of this legend and indicated by superscripts 1 . Antiviral availability ranges from 0% (no antivirals available, dashed curves 2 ) to 10% (antivirals available for 10% of the population 3 Figure 4 Effects of contact reduction measures. Number of outpatients expected during a pandemic wave if contact reduction measures are implemented additionally to the isolation of cases. Parameter values are based on the InfluSim standard configuration [15] with R 0 = 2.5, except those listed at the end of this legend and indicated by superscripts 1 . The dashed curve shows the epidemic without intervention. Contact reduction involves social distancing 2 and isolation of cases 3 . The curves show the effects caused by social distancing, where contacts are reduced by 0% 4 (grey curve) up to 30% 5 in steps of 2% 6 (black curves, from left to right). Bars at the bottom of each graph illustrate the periods of contact reduction, which are in A: full, from day 0 to end, in B: delayed, from day 20 to the end, and in C: temporarily, from day 20 to day 50. 1 :Parameter modifications are given in the following and terms in italics refer to terms in the InfluSim user interface. InfluSim output: N i = cumulative proportion of the population infected, and N o = cumulative proportion of outpatients in the population. 2 that need hospitalization. Although this has practically no effect on the pandemic wave per se, it helps to reduce the death toll in the population (results not shown).