Tables 5 and S2 are the mouse equivalents of the human GENE-to-Disease/Phenotype lists (tables 4 and S1 for human). These were developed from the mouse phenotype table of genes with mouse phenotype ontological codes ftp://ftp.informatics.jax.org/pub/reports/ index.html#pheno, downloaded on 4-4-08. To build tables 5 and S2, the matching phenotypic terms were exchanged for each Mammalian Phenotype code (MP:#). This resulted in the mouse GENE-to-Disease/Phenotype tables (tables 5 and S2) similar in structure to human GENE-to-Disease/Phenotype tables (tables 4 and S1). Unlike the human tables, the mouse GENE-to-Disease/ Phenotype tables come from individual mouse experimental knockout or other genetic studies. They are not based on population based epidemiological studies. They also do not have the quantitative aspect of the human tables with publication frequency counts tagged to each record. In addition, although they include a wide variety of physiological, neurological, and behavioral phenotypes, they do emphasize developmental studies and observational morphological phenotypes common in mouse knockout studies. Table 5 is a small representative subset, truncated in the number of genes (rows) and the number of Phenotype terms (columns). The complete list of 5011 mouse genes with annotated phenotypes and additional information can be found in Table S2a[ 30] . An interactive version of the same list can be found in Table S2b [31].