(3) Importance of attending work at the welfare facility was emphasized at each session and patients' refusals of work were disputed thoroughly. The patients gradually have become to hold back complaining and maladaptive behaviors decreased. Discussions: In order to maintain the therapy relationships and prevent drop out, three approaches listed above seemed useful. Approach (1) may enable therapists to manage negative feelings toward patient which are often underestimated in the case of patient with mental handicap. Approach (2) may give patients the room for privacy and it may also enable to observe and approach family problems at the same time. Approach (3) may set strong therapeutic framework which enables both patients and therapists to realize small progresses that have been achieved through course of therapy. Quantitative research and experimental study will be needed to specify the effect of these approaches. Clinical and behavioral research is commonly challenged by difficulties in recruitment and retention, particularly for many underrepresented or vulnerable populations, including HIVpositive individuals, minority individuals, and individuals with low socioeconomic status. Indeed, recruitment rates in recent published reports of behavioral interventions focused on health improvement in such populations range from as low as 13.5% to as high as 59%. Methods: We conducted post-intervention focus groups with 15 participants in the Making Our Mothers Stronger (MOMS) Project, a randomized behavioral intervention. MOMS participants were randomly assigned to either the experimental condition of a parenting skills intervention or to an attentioncontrol condition of a health related behaviors intervention. Two focus groups were conducted with participants from each intervention condition. A focus group guide ensured consistency between groups and covered participants' response to the MOMS Project as well as their perceptions and recommendations about recruitment and retention. Three coders developed a codebook using constant comparison to identify major themes and sub-themes. Results: 87% of the focus group participants were African-American; their mean age was 41 years and 53% were single/never married. Identified themes included approaches to and venues for recruitment success, the role of key staff, effective and ineffective incentives, the impact of group process on recruitment and retention, and program resources that are needed. Discussion: Specific recommendations that emerged from the focus groups include recruiting in trusted venues, employing a persistent and encouraging recruiter who is sensitive to stigma issues, ensuring acceptability of recruitment materials through field-testing, ensuring social benefits of the intervention are immediate, and providing programs that are highly salient and practical. Methods: Since the time interval between exposure to HIV and the development of AIDS is close to 10 years, it is likely that these young adults were exposed to HIV when they were teenagers; this has rendered many of them homeless and hopeless. A study should be conducted in Ibadan Nigeria for the homeless youths living with HIV. This study will determine the knowledge, attitudes and behaviours of homeless youths regarding HIV infection. Self administered semi structured questionnaire would be administered by 70% of the homeless youth with HIV. A focus group discussion will also be used to get responses from parents/ siblings of victims.