Contextual/macro-environmental/ecological factors that affect but are outside the influence of public health (e.g. factors that would be picked up in environmental scanning). Interventions as public health activities/strategies that are related but different to methods. Outcomes, including outcome indicators and reporting (e.g. national public health system performance measures), necessary to 'close the loop' and complete the program logic for public health. Policy including various views: policy development as an activity or 'method' or a cross-cutting component of all functions; policies as a class of things in existence (e.g. as in a policy register or library); policy as enhancing understanding of practice, cross-referenceable to other areas of interest. Population groups as defined in terms of attributes and characteristics from other classes (e.g. age, sex). Research/evidence allowing integration with the university sector, to link research and policy and practice, and to build the evidence base for public health. Risk factors (part of the 'determinants of health' class). Partners and stakeholders in the public health effort.