The targets of interest were essential during the life cycle of FMDV and relatively conserved in their nucleotide sequences. The reference sequences of the conserved regions of the FMDV genome were obtained from the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) website 1 and compared by nucleotide (nt) BLAST. The sequence of 3D-NT19 was 5 0 -GTTCTTGGTCACTCCATAA-3 0 , corresponding to nt 1123-1141 of the HKN/2002 3D gene; the sequence of 3D-NT56 was 5 0 -GAG GCTATCCTCTCCTTTGCACGCCGTGGGACCAT ACAGGAGAAGTTGATCTCCGT-3 0 , corresponding to nt 1225-1280 of the HKN/2002 3D gene; the sequence of VP4-NT65 was 5 0 -TCAGGCAA CACTGGAAGCATCATTAACAACTACTACATGC AGCAGTACCAGAACTCCATGGACAC-3 0 , corresponding to nt 43-107 of the YNBS/58 VP4 gene; the sequence of VP4-NT19 was 5 0 -ACAACTACTA CATGCAGCA-3 0 , corresponding to nt 68-86 of the YNBS/58 VP4 gene; the sequence of 2B-NT25 was 5 0 -CCAGATGCAGGAGGACATGTCAACA-3 0 , corresponding to nt 57-81 of the CHA/99 2B gene.