Illicit drugs reemerged in China in the 1980s as China adopted an open-door policy, and the reemergence was mainly connected with global drug trafficking activities. In Asia, there are two major opiate-producing regions: the "Golden Triangle," comprising three Southeast Asian countries of Myanmar (Burma), Laos and Thailand, and the "Golden Crescent" that includes the three Southwest Asian nations of Afghanistan, Iran and Pakistan [4, 5] . The majority of heroin and opium in the current Chinese market is brought from Myanmar into Yunnan Province or from Viet Nam into Guangxi Province, and then it is transshipped along inland trafficking routes to Sichuan, Guizhou, Gansu and Xinjiang or to Guangdong, Shanghai and Beijing [6] [7] [8] . A small potion of heroin/opium is trafficked into Xinjiang from the "Golden Crescent" [8] . These drugs further penetrate into other provinces. Since the late 1990s, increasing amounts of amphetamine-typestimulants (ATS) and other chemically related synthetic drugs including amphetamine, methamphetamine and ecstasy have been locally manufactured and consumed in China [4] .