10, 12hpi) ( Figure 1D ). Further increasing the moi to 25 or 100 modestly increased the NSP2 + population, but it remained relatively small (mean: 4.99%, median: 2.07%, moi 100, n = 4, data not shown). pDCs from multiple donors (n = 5, mean purity: 91.51%) were titered after overnight culture to determine whether rotavirus infection was productive. A significant increase in viral titer (approximately 20-fold, p#0.03; Wilcoxon signed rank test) (data not shown) was observed in two of these donors, while the other three showed no significant change over time (p$0.17; Wilcoxon signed rank test) (data not shown). While pDC viability was significantly decreased from 6 to 12hpi in cultures receiving mock, RRV (moi 5) or iRRV stimulus (p#0.004; Mann-Whitney), viral exposure did not result in significant cell death compared to mock stimulus at a given time point (p.0.063; Wilcoxon signed rank test) ( Figure 1E ). The low frequency of NSP2 + pDCs shows that the majority of human pDCs are resistant to RRV replication, as defined by evidence of expression of a non-structural rotavirus protein.