Cell lines, A549, BHK-21, C6/36, HeLa, HepG2, HUV-EC-C, K562, SK-Hep1 and THP-1, were obtained from ATCC and maintained as instructed. The type 2 dengue virus strain TSV01 was obtained from a dengue outbreak in Townsville, Australia [15] (GenBank, accession number AY037116) and was propagated in the C6/36 cell line. Heat-inactivated virus was prepared by incubating virus samples in a 55uC water bath for 1 hr. Each cell line was infected with dengue virus at a multiplicity of infection (MOI) of 1 and 10 for 3, 6, 12, 24, 48, and 72 hrs before being evaluated for replication efficiency by plaque assay. Infection of cell lines was not continued beyond 72 hrs as after this point a significant degree of cell death became apparent.