Result: Genotyping of -308-promoter variant of TNF-alpha was performed by PCR. Polymorphism in the TNF-alpha (G/G, G/A and A/A allele) was different between HCV patients and healthy controls. IL-10 variants (C/T, C/C) were more frequent among HCV patients as compared to healthy controls. Conclusion: Genetic polymorphism analysis on IL-10 promoter have indicated that distribution pattern of IL-10 polymorphism was significantly different between controls and HCV patients. Furthermore, polymorphism in promoter region of TNF-alpha (-308) was found, though the difference was not significant. Since this is a preliminary study, we believe that our findings may stimulate further research on larger number of patients. Introduction: The assessment of liver fibrosis provides useful information not only for diagnosis but also for therapeutic decision. Although liver biopsy is the gold standard for fibrosis assessment, it is invasive and may have some risks, this has led to the development of non-invasive biochemical markers of liver fibrosis. Fibro-test which have five parameters used for the quantitative assessment of liver fibrosis. Our aim is to validate the performance of fibro-test in an independent cohort of patients with chronic hepatitis C genotype 4. Methods: Subjects were 50 patients with chronic hepatitis C genotype 4. All biopsies were scored using METAVIR system by two independent pathologists. Fibro-test was done with (Biopredictive, Houilles, France) for the assessment of liver fibrosis. Sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV were measured for distinguishing between different degrees of severity of fibrosis. Results: patients (45 male and 4 female) age ranged 21-56 years, liver biopsy showed 4% (F0), 40% (F1), 20 % (F2), 28% (F3), 8% (F4). The efficacy of Fibrotest is 63.26%, sensitivity 83.3%, specificity 53%, positive predictive value 50% and negative predictive value 85%. Conclusion: Fibrofast has a low performance in assessment in fibrosis in chronic hepatitis C genotype 4. Introduction: Liver biopsy is the reference method for assessing liver fibrosis. However, it is invasive, costly and has some limitations. European Liver Fibrosis (ELF) markers have shown to be accurate in assessing liver fibrosis in a range of chronic liver disorders. Our aim is to test the performance of ELF markers in an independent cohort of patients with chronic hepatitis C genotype 4. Methods: Subjects were 199 patients with chronic hepatitis C genotype 4. All biopsies were staged for fibrosis using METAVIR system by two independent pathologist. ELF markers were done by (Diagnostic & Operations, England) and fibrosis scores were derived using the published ELF algorithm. The area under the curve (AUC) for receiver operator characteristic curves was measured along with sensitivity and specificity, positive (PPV) and negative (NPV) predictive values for distinguishing between different stages. Results: patients (179 male and 20 female), age was ranged 25-51 years, liver biopsy showed 2% (F0), 27% (F1), 34% (F2), 26% (F3) and 11% (F4). ELF markers had no correlation with fibrosis score where r = -0.003, P = 0.963, AUCs: 0.469, Specificity 87.9 %, Sensitivity only 9.3 %, PPV: only 6.03 %, NPV: 61.5 % and efficacy 58.2%. Conclusion: The performance of ELF marker is low and can not be used for assessment of fibrosis in chronic hepatitis C genotype 4. Background: The PROVE2 trial is a randomized, placebo-controlled study that assessed the safety and efficacy of 750mg q8h telaprevir (TVR) combined with 180 g/week PEG -IFN alfa-2a (P) ± 1000-1200mg/day ribavirin (R) in chronic HCV genotype 1-infected treatment-naïve patients without cirrhosis. Methods: Overall, 323 patients received TVR + PR for 12 weeks (T12/PR12; n=82), TVR + PR for 12 weeks then PR for 12 weeks (T12/PR24; n=81), TVR + P for 12 weeks (T12/P12; n=78), or to PR for 48 weeks (PR48; n=82). Primary endpoint: sustained virologic response (SVR, undetectable HCV-RNA 24 weeks post-treatment). Results: Baseline characteristics were well balanced across groups. Numerically higher SVR rates were observed in patients receiving T12/PR24 (69%; p=0.004 for difference vs. PR48) than T12/PR12 (60%), T12/P12 (36%) or PR48 (46%). Relapse rates were lower in the T12/PR24 group (14%) than the T12/PR12 (30%), T12/P12 (48%) and PR48 (22%) groups. The relapse rate in patients receiving T12/PR24 with 4-week and 12-week undetectable HCV-RNA was 7% (3/45). The AEs occurring more frequently with the T/PR regimen were pruritus, rash, asthenia, nausea and anemia. In the T/PR arms, 12 patients discontinued due to rash, 2 discontinued due to pruritus, and 2 patients due to anemia. Conclusion: These results showed that a telaprevir-based regimen led to significantly higher SVR rates than PR, and indicate that this regimen could shorten the overall treatment duration from 48 weeks to 24 weeks for most patients infected with HCV genotype 1.