As shown in Figure 1 , panel A, the panenterhino realtime PCR enabled detection of a new HEV strain phylogenetically distinct from all previously known HEV species and associated with respiratory diseases. Enterovirus-specifi c real-time PCRs or reference VP1 primer sets routinely used to type enteroviruses (primers 222 and 224 and nested primers AN88 and 89) (29,30) did not amplify this new genotype. We could not grow this virus on HeLa and HE cell lines. Consequently, we applied the method described above to complete the genome sequence directly from the CL-1231094 (EU840733) clinical specimen. VP1 and fulllength genome sequences showed that, albeit divergent at the 5′-UTR level, this new variant belonged to the HEV-C species (Figure 1, panels B, C) . Full-length genome phylogenetic tree ( Figure 2 ) and VP1 protein identity plots (online Technical Appendix 2 Figure 2 ) with all members of the HEV-C species indicated that this virus represents a new HEV-C genotype that shares 68%, 66%, and 63% nucleotide and 77%, 75%, and 68% amino acid sequence identity, respectively, with coxsackieviruses A19 (CV-A19), A22, and A1, the closest serotypes. This new virus was named EV-104 (www.picornastudygroup.com/types/ enterovirus_genus.htm).