Characterization of HRVs newly identifi ed during 2006-2008 showed that they all belong to the same HRV-C species (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) (16) . Recently, Lee et al. (13) identifi ed another cluster of viruses (HRV-C′; Figure 1 , panel A) and suggested that this group was phylogenetically distinct from all other HRVs on the basis of analysis of their 5′-UTR sequences. To defi ne the phylogeny, we adapted a previously described method (23) to complete the genome sequence directly from our clinical strains (CL-Fnp5 and CL-QJ274218) that showed a similar divergent 5′-UTR (online Technical Appendix 2 Figure 1, panel A) . A condensed version (Figure 1, panel B) of the phylogenetic tree based on VP1 sequences (online Technical Appendix 2 Figure 1, panel B) indicated that CL-Fnp5 clustered with the new HRV-C clade, a fi nding further confi rmed by CL-QJ 274218 partial sequences. This fi nding supports the view that new HRVs variants described since 2006 (9-16) all belong to the same lineage.