LoopampH DNA LAMP kits were purchased from Eiken Chemical Co. Ltd (Tokyo, Japan, Code No.: LMP206). The Eiken LoopampH Fluorescence Detection Reagent (Code No.: LMP221), a Calcein-based reagent that indirectly indicates the progress of DNA amplification in the LAMP reaction, was used for fluorescence experiments. LAMP primer sequences for P. falciparum (Integrated DNA Technologies , Coralville, IA, USA) were as described by Poon et al. [40] Genomic DNA from P. falciparum for preparing contrived samples was obtained from the PATH laboratory specimen collection.