Although the potential for an LBM to become a viral reservoir is determined by the management practices of poultry traders [11] , an understanding of these practices in high risk areas is lacking. In response to this need, a cross-sectional survey was conducted in northern Viet Nam and Cambodia to assess whether traders of live poultry engaged in practices that could sustain virus circulation in LBMs. Viet Nam is one of the most severely affected countries in the current HPAI H5N1 pandemic [20] , with the disease considered to be endemic in both northern and southern Viet Nam. Only sporadic outbreaks have been reported in Cambodia [20] . However, the reporting of isolated human cases without prior notification of poultry outbreaks [21] suggests that widespread, undetected virus circulation and persistence of HPAIV H5N1 in the Cambodian poultry population cannot be ruled out. In both countries, LBMs are common and potentially involved in virus spread.