Travel time calculations, likewise, are implemented in GIS software [28] . Additional information required for travel time calculation include estimated speed and length of road segments, along with an algorithm capable of taking all these factors into consideration [15] . The Network Analyst extension within ArcGIS [28] enables the modeling of spatial networks and provides the tools for road distance calculations [28, 29] and travel time calculations [15, 16] from multiple postal code locations to a hospital. Figure 1 illustrates road network distance, along with the distance metrics considered in this study.