Background: Chronic infection with hepatitis B virus causes spectrum of manifestations ranging from asymptomatic carrier state (often inactive with low replication) to the development of cirrhosis-related complications.The characterization of asymptomatic state has not been done in this part of the country, which forms important objective of present study. Methods: 61 incidentally detected asymptomatic hepatitis B surface antigen positive (IDAHS) subjects having HBsAg positivity for >6 month presenting to our liver clinic were enrolled after appropriate consent. Detailed clinical, laboratory and sonographic evaluation was done. They were divided into two groups according to presence or absence of e antigen. Group A -HBeAg + (n=48) Group B -HBeAg -(n=13) Results: Most of our patients (49%) were young adults (21-30 years) with male to female ratio of 3.6:1. Approximately half of our patients were detected during routine medical checkup, followed by family screening of contacts. Most of our patients were asymptomatic, and Fatigue was most common symptom found in 16%. All demographic and biochemical parameters other than AST & ALT were comparable in both groups. Among HBeAg negative 48 (79%) subjects, HBV DNA level >10 5 copies/ml was found in 31%. Subjects with positive HBeAg as compared to non-replicative infection (antiHBe positive and HBV DNA negative) had more frequent elevation of transaminase levels (62% versus 31%, p<0.05). AntiHBe antibody was positive in all HBeAg negative subjects. Mean age of seroconverted (antiHBe positive) individuals was a decade older than HBeAg positive. Conclusion: From our study we can suggest that ongoing liver disease is present in approximately one-thirds of incidentally detected asymptomatic hepatitis surface antigen positive subjects previously referred to as carrier state. HBsAg testing should be mandatory in all routine medical checkup and family and sexual contacts of index case should be screened. Background and Objectives: This research was carried out to determine the prevalence of HBcAb among the HBsAg negative first-time blood donors who had referred to Khorramabad and Borujerd centers for blood donation. Materials and Methods: This study was established on a descriptive cross-sectional basis in which HBsAg test (ELISA) was primarily performed on all of the donors having referred to Khorramabad and Borujerd blood centers; then, out of all those referred 1000 subjects, who were first-time and HBsAg negative, were selected for furthur investigation. The information concerning age, gender, job, blood transfusion, and HBV vaccine injection was included in the questionnaire of the study. HBcAb (total & IgM) and HBsAb tests were performed on the selected donors. Data were collected and finally the prevalence rate of HBcAb was determined. Results: The results of the study showed that out of 1000 HBsAg-negative first-time blood donors, only 47 were HBcAb+, from which 27 were HBcAb (total)+, and 3 were HBcAb (IgM)+. 18 were both HBsAb+ and HBcAb+, and 53 were seropositive only for HBsAb. Conclusions: It was demonstrated that the first-time blood donors who are seronegative for HBsAg marker will be easily identified through HBcAb test if they are in the so-called core window period of the virus. Meanwhile, this group of donors have been implicated as high-risk for transfusiontransmitted HBV infection. So, detecting this marker will remarkably reduce the chance of latent cases of HBV infection and help promote blood safety. 