We then used Principal Component Analysis (PCA) on the selected proteins to visualize the separation of patient groups. The CC group clustered tightly together (Figure 3 , green spheres). Individual malaria-positive groups showed good separation from the malaria-negative CC group (Figure 3a-c) indicating that regardless of disease severity there are significant differences in the proteomes of the groups. The heterogeneous DC group had a more dispersed cluster pattern with little overlap with the CC group (Figure 3d ). The DC group, despite being distinct, showed different degrees of overlap with the malaria-positive groups (Figure 4a-c) . Of these comparisons, the CM vs. DC patient groups showed the greatest level of cluster dispersion (Figure 4a ) indicating greater covariance in the proteins that define these groups. We then compared the malaria-positive patient groups among themselves (Figure 4d-f ). CM and SMA groups showed overlap at the cluster interface and clearer segregation at the periphery; in the comparison of both severe forms (CM and SMA) with UM we observed that the severe patient groups had compact center clusters surrounded by a more disperse cluster of the UM patient group.