Objective: Placenta plays an important role in the prevention of the mother-to-child transmission of HIV during pregnancy. The purpose of this investigation was to study expression CD31, bFGF and TGFβ in human placentas in cases of intrauterine HIV infection. Method: Group A -11 placentas from women and children with HIV infection. In control -Group B, were 16 placentas from women without HIV infection. On paraffin slices expression of CD31, bFGF, TGFβ and p24 was evaluated. We counted the area of positive cells related to the square of the slice. Results: In all placentas with HIV infection p24 has been found in placental macrophages and villi's vessels. In group A expression of CD31 in endothelial cells was 4,22±0,85 % of the slice's square (in control -3,69± 0,53 %) (p>0,05). Expression of bFGF in villi's stroma was 5,49±1,48 % (in control -4,01±0,6 %) (p>0,05). Expression of TGFβ in villi's vessels was 11,2±3,6 % (in control -2,71±0,63 %) (p<0,05). Conclusion: Thus, placentas in cases with intrauterine transmission of HIV are characterized by increased expression of TGFβ the significance of this fact is still to be evaluated. Objective: Unilocular cystic echinococcosis which Echinococcus granulosis causes is seen frequently in the animal husbandry practised underdeveloped countries. Method: The 1709 unilocular cystic echinococcosis cases which were seen in the eastern part of Turkey, in 30 years between 01.01.1981 and 01.01.2010, except Faculty of Medicine of Atatürk University are presented. Results: Organ distribution: Female: Liver 557 (SD:15.614), lung 259 (SD 15.928), spleen 42 (SD 13.108), abdomen 25 (SD 11.55), kidney 21 (SD 11.92); Male: Liver 331(SD 15.406), lung 233 (SD 18.027), spleen 25 (SD 10.12), brain 23 (SD 11.55), soft tissue 15 (SD 14.197) . Conclusion: The frequently seen organs in both gender are liver and lung. The rarely seen organs were spleen 67, brain 40, abdomen 39, kidney 36, vertebrae 29, soft tissue 27, pleura 26, bone 25, breast22. The others were very rare: eye 4, gallbladder 4, thyroid 4, neck 4, ovary 1, testis 1.