Similarly, life histories vary radically from wind-dispersed organisms like tardigrades or rotifers that live in ephemeral habitats or that have life spans measured in hours, to sessile filter feeders like marine bivalves that routinely live for over 100 years in the same location. The role of life history traits such as survival rates and reproductive output are predicted to strongly influence the extent and kinds of particular immune responses that might be expected both among and within particular host species (Lee, 2006) .