The number of patients undergoing autologous and allogeneic SCT has continued to increase over time. This, in combination with improvements in short-term treatment-related mortality rates has led to an increased prevalence of SCT recipients in the population who have unique long-term health care needs related to their survivorship. A potentially devastating long-term complication of SCT is the development of secondary malignancies [14] . Secondary myelodysplastic syndrome or acute myeloid leukemia usually occur within the first 7 years after SCT [15] . The risk of developing solid tumors however continues to increase with time and patients are often no longer under the care of a transplant physician at the time of increased risk. Secondary solid tumors predominantly occur in the upper GI tract, oral cavity, brain, soft tissues and skin. A clear dose response has been found with the use of total body radiation and the incidence of solid tumors after SCT [16, 17] . In addition to increased risk from the direct cytotoxic effects of the conditioning regimen, chronic inflammation (as in the setting of GVHD), chronic immunosuppression (with increase risk of viral infection and decreased tumor surveillance) and increased genetic susceptibility may also play roles in the pathogenesis of these secondary tumors after allogeneic SCT [14, 17] .