The high-viral-load group had a significantly higher pulse rate and respiratory rate than the corresponding rates in the low-viral-load group (P = 0.007 and P = 0.0231, respectively; Table 2 ). Although the duration of hospital stay was not significantly different between the 2 groups (Table 2), in cases of patients with less than 10 days of hospital stay, the highviral-load group had a longer hospital stay than the low-viral-load group did (5. Clinical examination of the HBoV-positive patients showed pneumonia, bronchiolitis, bronchitis, croup, asthma, sinusitis, and pharyngotonsilitis (Fig. 3) . HBoV was detected in 8.4% (N = 48) and 5.6% (N = 45) of the samples obtained from patients with and without pneumonia, respectively (N = 572 and 805, respectively; P = 0.049). However, no significant difference was observed in the viral load between 