Research design and methods: The Hoorn Study is a prospective population based cohort study (2000/01 and 2007/08) among elderly in the region of Hoorn, The Netherlands. Complete data on glucose metabolism and diabetes-related symptom distress for both measurements were available for 34 subjects. Changes in total diabetes-related symptom distress and 8 subgroups (psychological fatigue, cognitive, neuropathic pain, sensoric, cardiovascular, ophthalmological, hypoglycaemic and hyperglycaemic distress) were assed by the validated Type 2 Diabetes Symptom Checklist (DSC-R). Results: Crude analyses showed an increase in total symptom distress (range 0-100) over time, especially in the subgroup psychological fatigue (mean difference 7.90 (95% CI; -0.66 -16.47) p, 0.069). However, these results were not significant. Conclusion: Due to missing power we were not able to detect significant differences over time in symptom-distress. Further research is needed in larger sample size with inclusion of potential and reasonable influences of co-morbidities and diabetestreatment. Introduction: Food insecurity is the limited/uncertain availability, access to or ability to acquire nutritionally-adequate, culturallyrelevant and safe foods. Adults suffering from food insecurity are at risk of inadequate nutrient intakes or, paradoxically, overweight/ obesity and the development of chronic disease. Despite the global financial crisis and rising costs of living, there are few studies investigating the potential dietary consequences of food insecurity among the Australian population. This study examined whether food insecurity was associated with weight status and poorer intakes of fruits, vegetable and takeaway foods among adults residing in socioeconomically-disadvantaged urbanised areas. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a random sample of residents (n=1000) were selected from the most disadvantaged suburbs of Brisbane city (response rate 51%). Data were collected by postal questionnaire which ascertained information on sociodemographic information, household food security status, height, weight, fruit and vegetable intakes and takeaway consumption. Data were analysed using chi-square and logistic regression. Results: The overall prevalence of food insecurity was 31%. Food insecurity was not associated with weight status among men or women. Associations between food security status and potential dietary consequences differed for men and women. Among women, food security was not associated with intakes of fruit, vegetable or takeaway consumption. Contrastingly, among men food security was associated with vegetable intakes and consumption of takeaway food: men reporting food insecurity had lower intakes of vegetables and were more likely to consume takeaway foods compared to those that were food secure. Conclusion: Food security is an important public health issue in Australia and has potential dietary consequences that may adversely affect the health of food-insecure groups, most notably men residing in food-insecure households. Background: Pakistani immigrants living in Oslo, Norway, have a high prevalence of Type 2 diabetes (T2D), but there are few data on risk factors for the disease. Aim: To study the distribution of, and association between, physiological and psychological risk factors for T2D in a group of Pakistani immigrant women living in Oslo. Methods: Female Pakistani immigrants (n=198, aged 25 to 63 years) with increased risk of, or newly diagnosed T2D were interviewed to give information on diet, physical activity, and demographic and psychological data. Anthropometric and blood data were also obtained. Additionally, an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed, and maximum heart rate and level of physical activity were recorded, using SenseWear Armband. Results: Ninety eight % had body mass index (BMI) values higher than the IDF recommendation for South-Asians (BMI>23 kg/m2) and 39 % were obese (BMI≥30). Impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) was found in 37.4 % and T2D in 12.6 %. The participants had low energy expenditure, despite acceptable number of steps. According to the "Findrisk" and "Indian risk scores", 29 % and 89 %, respectively, had a high risk of T2D. Subjects with the metabolic syndrome reported more pain, reduced physical functioning and more subjective health complaints than those without the syndrome.