We explored two versions of the transmission model. In the ''Sick-stay'' model, groups that included at least one infected individual -infected groups -were assumed to stop travelling to the hotspot; in the ''Sick-travel'' model, infected groups continue to travel to the hotspot as if uninfected. In the Sick-stay model, disease transmission between travelers and residents can only occur from an infected resident to a susceptible traveler, while in the Sick-travel model, transmission can be bi-directional.