The L-tyrosine analogue GW409544 was obtained by modifying the structure of farglitazar, a dual agonist for both PPARa and PPARc [37] . The main difference between GW409544 and farglitazar is that the former contains a vinylogous amide as the Ltyrosine N-substituent [37] . That is why we chose GW409544 as a starting template structure for designing the new PPAR dual agonists.