The role of imaging in acute c-spine trauma is to assess the spinal injury, determine the stability and instability of the injury, evaluate integrity of neural elements, to direct appropriate management, and to predict neurological outcome. A set of clinical and/or amnestic criteria can be very useful in identifying patients who need acute spinal imaging. Underdiagnosis should absolutely be avoided, due to potentially devastating sequelae. Awareness of the strengths and limitations of plain radiography, MDCT and MRI in the diagnosis of spinal injuries is fundamental. Traumatic spinal lesions are represented by fractures, dislocations, ligamentous disruption, disc injury, acute disc herniations, and epidural haematomas, often combined, with variable involvement of neural structures. Fractures and dislocations usually occur based upon a single predominant mechanism of injury. The six major mechanisms of injuries are hyperflexion, simultaneous hyperflexion and rotation, hyperextension, simultaneous hyperextension and rotation, vertical compression or lateral flexion. The cranio-vertebral junction and the mid-lower cervical spine have different anatomy and different pattern of injuries. This lecture will review the role of different imaging modalities clinically used to assess the cervical spine in acute trauma patients and the various injury patterns. Elements of imaging diagnosis in paediatric patients will be presented. Imaging pitfalls will be also discussed. Endometriosis is defined by ectopic endometrial glands and stroma and sensitive to changes in estrogen leading to peri-menstruel bleeding causing pain and adhesions. Ultrasound is the first imaging method to diagnose endometriosis of the ovary and the bladder. Posterior localisations of endometriosis pelvis include utero-sacral ligaments, the retrocervical region, the posterior vaginal fornix and the recto-sigmoid wall. Those lesions can be diagnosed by trans vaginal ultrasound but include difficulties due to a limited field of view, pain during mobilisation of the probe and absent bowel or vaginal distension. MRI of the pelvis has an excellent sensitivity for all pelvic localisation of endometriosis. Endometrioma is typically hyper-intense at T1 fat-suppressed sequences and of variable signal intensity at T2-weighted imaging. Other localisations are displayed by focal thickening of ligaments/walls or a T2 hypo-intense nodule. Vaginal or bowel wall distention due to ultrasound gel filling, thin slice sections and slice orientation perpendicular to the main direction of the organ helps identification and diagnosis of extent of deep localisations of endometriosis. Intra-venous contrast injection details depths of wall invasion and adnexal mass characterisation. Rare lesion sites such as the abdominal wall, the round ligament, the sciatic nerve or the parametrium can also be detected with MRI. A delayed contrast-enhanced URO-MRI might be useful to display ureteral lesions and the urinary tree. According to lesion localisation, extent and clinical symptoms additional imaging methods might include CT of the abdomen for small bowel endometriosis and hysterosalpingography to check tubal patency in infertility patients. Maxillofacial injuries may occur in isolation or in conjunction with cranio-cerebral trauma. The goal of imaging is to depict the presence, location, and displacement of fractures, to delineate compromise of airways, ocular motility, and dental occlusion and to recognise concomitant skull base and intracranial injury. A concise imaging strategy employs MDCT with thin multiplanar reformations to delineate and classify fractures, to assess stability and to provide a basis for surgical midface restoration. 3D techniques add information in complex fractures and in perception of fracture displacement. In isolated mandibular trauma, panoramex and pa radiographs maintained a certain role, which is challenged by superiority of CT or Digital volume tomography (DVT) for condylar fractures as well. MR in maxillofacial trauma serves as an adjunct to CT in case of injury to cranial nerves, dura, vessels, orbital contents and brain parenchyma. Late complications of maxillofacial trauma related to sinus drainage, ocular motility and dural integrity require a combination of MR and CT as well. Maxillofacial fractures are classified into mandibular, zygomatico-maxillary fractures including LeFort I and II fractures, centrolateral Lefort III fractures and nasoethmoid fractures. Mandibular fractures comprise dento-alveolar, subcondylar, condylar neck and condylar head fractures. Orbital fractures are divided into inferior and medial blowout fractures, orbital trap door and roof fractures. Orbital penetrating injuries are an indication for both CT and MR to recognise the type_organic versus nonorganic_and the location of a foreign body and to depict potential retro-orbital, optic nerve and intracranial brain and vascular involvement. Neuroimaging techniques constitute an essential part of the diagnostic work-up of patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI). In the acute setting, imaging findings determine patient management and influence clinical course. CT remains the first choice technique to determine the presence and extent of injury, and to guide surgical planning. Multi-detector CT allows simultaneous assessment of head and cervical spine, obviating the need for plain radiographs. From a clinical point of view, it is important to understand the difference between primary and secondary TBI. Primary injuries occur as a direct result of the impact with damage to brain tissue. Examples include fractures, different types of traumatic haemorrhage (epidural, subdural, intracerebral, subarachnoid), cerebral contusion, diffuse axonal injury (DAI). CT-angiography is useful to document traumatic blood vessel injury. Whenever there is a discrepancy between the patient's clinical status and imaging findings, MRI is indicated. Secondary brain injuries are caused by systemic factors such as increased intracranial pressure, edema, brain herniation, decreased cerebral blood flow, excitotoxic damage. These lesions can be documented with multiparametric MRI including diffusion, perfusion, and susceptibility-weighted imaging. Diffusion tensor imaging with fractional anisotropy mapping may show microstructural abnormalities in patients with mild TBI, even when traditional MRI sequences appear normal. Neuroimaging also plays a role in the chronic stage of TBI, identifying sequelae, determining prognosis, and guiding rehabilitation. In conclusion, advances in neuroimaging improve our understanding of the pathophysiology of craniocerebral trauma and allow us to detect abnormalities, even in patients with mild TBI, when routine imaging studies appear normal. US and MR are excellent imaging techniques for studying tendons and muscles. During this integrated session we will review the advantages and disadvantages of US and MR for the diagnosis and follow-up of sports injuries. Tricks of both techniques will be addressed, together with some useful guidelines for specific sports injuries. Ultrasound is being used at the pitch side and in sports medicine practice as an adjunct to clinical practice. With this in mind there are a number of questions that will be answered in these talks: 1. when are US and MRI the primary imaging and when are they complimentary? 2. What advances have there been in US and MRI imaging to help advance our use of these techniques in tendon and muscle injury? 3. Should we be aspirating haematomas and using autologous blood injections or PRP to treat tendon or muscle disease? 4. Can we predict the athletes return to sport?