MAPKs have been previously shown to be activated by Ad in vitro, in different non-immune cell types and to be important for the induction of chemokines in response to Ad [65, 66, 67, 68] . Here we investigated whether members of the MAPK family play a role in the Ad-induced IFN-ab and IL-6 response. We infected BMDCs with Ad3 in the presence or absence of MAPK inhibitors and determined the levels of IFN-ab and IL-6 produced. Fig. 9A and Fig. S11 show that the pharmacological blockade of the SAPK/JNK MAPK almost completely inhibited the Ad3-induced production of both IFN-ab and IL-6. In contrast, the inhibition of the p38 MAPK pathway partially inhibited the production of IL-6, but had no effect on the production of IFN-ab. Finally, the blockade of ERK1/2 had no effect on the production of either IL-6 or IFN-ab. Very similar data on the effects of MAPK inhibitors were obtained using Ad2 and mutant Ad5-GFP to stimulate BMDC (data not shown).