For virus pre-incubation assays, 10 7 infectious MeV-Alaska particles were incubated for 60 minutes at 37uC in the presence of JMN3-003 (1.0 mM final concentration) or vehicle only, followed by 1,000-fold dilution in growth media and transferred to 3610 5 Vero-Slam cells/well (corresponding to final compound concentrations after pre-incubation of 1 nM and an MOI = 0.033). Reference wells were kept at 1.0 mM JMN3-003 for the duration of the experiment. Cell-associated viral particles were harvested 24 hours post-infection and infectious titers determined by TCID 50 titration. To assess cell priming, Vero-Slam cells (3610 5 /well) were incubated in the presence of JMN3-003 at 1.0 mM for one hour at 37uC at the indicated time points pre-infection, followed by washing and further incubation in growth media. Immediately before infection, cells were reseeded at a density of 2.5610 5 per well and infected with MeV-Alaska at an MOI = 0.2 pfu/cell. Inocula were replaced with growth media four hours post-infection and cells incubated for approximately 20 hours. Cell-associated viral particles were then harvested and infectious titers determined by TCID 50 Minireplicon assays BSR T7/5 cells (5610 5 /well) were transfected with plasmid DNAs encoding MeV-L (0.24 mg), MeV-N (0.94 mg) or MeV-P (0.29 mg) and 2 mg of the MeV luciferase minigenome reporter plasmid [83] . Control wells included identical amounts of reporter and helper plasmids but lacked the L-encoding plasmid. At the time of transfection, JMN3-003 was added as specified, while control wells received vehicle only for comparison. Thirty-six hours post-transfection, cells were lysed with Bright GLO lysis buffer and relative luciferase activities determined using the Britelite substrate and a luminescence counter as outlined above.