This is not a pessimistic paper, although it may read like one. It makes a simple argument. Globalization is about the deployment of capital throughout the world through marketprivileging mechanisms. Globalization has a powerful up side in the vast wealth that has been created through its mechanisms, and the benefits that it brings to millions of people every day. (The World Bank for example estimates that 400 million people in China have been lifted from poverty by the mechanisms of the current capitalist based society.) But globalization also has its dark side, some of which is eluded to above, and which can be easily amplified in reference to the millions throughout the world who work in conditions that are unregulated, dangerous and underpaid 9 ; to the emergence of a world-wide sex industry tied to human trafficking that acts as a particularized HIV/AIDS reservoir; to the wanton disregard of private enterprises in many parts of the world to environmental destruction; to corruption and theft in the higher levels of some of the largest corporations in the world, global trafficking in arms and drugs, etc. 10 My argument is in the end simple: the dynamics of globalization have become the major "factor" in the social production of disease, including those elements that are intimately associated with the emergence of zoonoses. Directly addressing how these globalization dynamics impact human populations to produce disease must be a program for global governance 11 . It must look beyond a discovery-to-control paradigm for emergent diseases, to a research-to-prevention-to-discovery-to-control paradigm. Within these mechanisms of governance lay the difficult tasks of regulating capital in its excesses. This-to repeat my earlier point-was the basic issue in the development of national economies, and it is of necessity the basic issue in the creation of global governance. To succeed, these issues must enter the discourses of global governance in a direct way (and not be viewed as some exotic side issue). I conclude by repeating a portion of the previous quote from Nayyar and Court. Global governance means: "This would mean providing global public goods, such as world peace and a sustainable environment, as well as regulating global public bads, such as international crime whether trade in drugs, arms, people, or [human] organs. It will be necessary to reform existing institutions and to introduce new rules or create new institutions. Some of these would require a system to correct for the failures of unregulated or liberalized international markets…" 9 An especially egregious instance exists in China, in which hundreds of thousands, perhaps millions of peasants moving into cities have over the past decade been employed in myriad construction projects, including many proceeding under the approval of government authority. A current suit is being conducted on behalf of these workers who are owed $42 BILLION in unpaid wages. This is a country in which annual individual income is still a pittance. It is no secret who benefits and who loses from such a situation (18) . 10 The next great crisis in globalization has already begun to emerge. As capacity spread through out the developing world for labor-cheap manufacturing, countries such as Bangladesh became early players in the inexpensive manufacture of world goods. The rapid integration of China and India with their enormous labor forces into world markets is threatening to overwhelm other countries in this role, creating capital movement and resulting unemployment and deepening poverty. One adds to this the opening wedge of service industry outsourcing from the developed word, from low level work, e.g. call centers, to the highest levels of professional training. Radiologists in the United States (average income north of $300,000) may be replaced by those in India (average income of around $25,000); similar issues exist in engineering, computer programming and medical technology. Singapore, acutely aware of the implications for this threat is investing heavily to upgrade the country's professional labor force to better gain niches in scientific and technological research. As the deputy minister for development told me some months ago, "we can make all the capacity we need to stay competitive; we rent brains. It is cheaper and more efficient." (The opportunity in question arose from the U.S. government's decision in 2002 not to pursue stem cell research.) In this view of research, only a portion of it needs to be site specific. 11 This argument accords with the general thrust of Burci and Vignes in their recent review of WHO, in which they argue for a strong step beyond what they see as the legal timidity of the organization in the direction of a stronger "normative stance" (22) . Generation and Characterization of Novel Human IRAS Monoclonal Antibodies Imidazoline receptors were first proposed by Bousquet et al., when they studied antihypertensive effect of clonidine. A strong candidate for I1R, known as imidazoline receptor antisera-selected protein (IRAS), has been cloned from human hippocampus. We reported that IRAS mediated agmatine-induced inhibition of opioid dependence in morphine-dependent cells. To elucidate the functional and structure properties of I1R, we developed the newly monoclonal antibody against the N-terminal hIRAS region including the PX domain (10–120aa) through immunization of BALB/c mice with the NusA-IRAS fusion protein containing an IRAS N-terminal (10–120aa). Stable hybridoma cell lines were established and monoclonal antibodies specifically recognized full-length IRAS proteins in their native state by immunoblotting and immunoprecipitation. Monoclonal antibodies stained in a predominantly punctate cytoplasmic pattern when applied to IRAS-transfected HEK293 cells by indirect immunofluorescence assays and demonstrated excellent reactivity in flow immunocytometry. These monoclonal antibodies will provide powerful reagents for the further investigation of hIRAS protein functions. Imidazoline receptors were first proposed by Bousquet et al., when they studied antihypertensive effect of clonidine [1] . Based on their physiologic and pharmacological properties, imidazoline receptors are classified into three main types: I1R, I2R, and I3R [2] [3] [4] . I1R and I2R have been implicated in hypertension and psychiatric disorder regulation, respectively, while I3R may be involved in insulin secretion [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] . Compared with mitochondrial I2R, which resides within the monoamine oxidase protein [10] , the clonidine-preferring imidazoline binding sites (known as I1R) are localized to plasma membrane fractions [11, 12] and specifically to synaptic plasma membranes [13] .