Because the primary source of TNF-␣ and IFN-␥ in inflamed lungs is CD11bϩ cells, that is, resident macrophages, blood monocytes, granulocytes, and natural killer cells, 24 the possibility that d7EB cell interaction with host CD11bϩ cells might induce an anti-inflammatory cytokine profile was investigated. CD11bϩ cells were isolated from lungs of septic mice treated with either d7EB cells or MEFs. These cells were then stimulated with LPS in culture in the presence of the intracellular protein transport inhibitor Golgi stop. Cytokine staining showed that lung CD11bϩ mouse cells obtained after d7EB cell transplantation produced significantly less TNF-␣ and IFN-␥ ( Figure 4A ) compared with lung CD11bϩ cells from mice receiving control MEF. These responses were not observed in CD11bϪ cells ( Figure 4A ).