Supernatants of cultures .85% (mean 6 SEM: 90.84%60.7499) pure for pDCs were analyzed by Luminex using MILLIPLEX MAP (Millipore, Billerica, MA) per the manufacturer's instructions for the presence of IFNa, IFNc, TNFa, TNFb, IL1b, IL1RA, IL2, IL4, IL6, IL8, IL10, IL12p40, IL12p70, CXCL10 (IP10), CCL3 (MIP1a), CCL4 (MIP1b), CCL5 (RANTES) and sCD40L. Secreted IFNb was detected by ELISA, per the manufacturer's instructions (PBL Interferon Source, Piscataway, NJ).