Cells were treated at 80% confluency and all pharmacological reagents were diluted in OptiMEM. For pFAK quantifications and phospho-Akt quantifications, incubations with sACE2 were carried out with 100 ng/ml or 1 mg/ml sACE2 for the time indicated (pFAK, 20 min). After treatment, cells were placed on ice and lysed in either ice cold RIPA buffer containing protease inhibitor and phosphoSTOP (phosphor-Akt), or Cell Extraction Buffer (pFAK). Lysates were then analysed by pFAK ELISA as per manufacturer's instructions, or by western blot for Akt levels.