To demonstrate that eEF1Bc can indeed bind to the TBSV (+)repRNA in cells, we Flag-affinity-purified His 6 -Flag-tagged eEF1Bc from the detergent-solubilized membrane fraction and also from the soluble (cytosolic) fraction of yeast. Interestingly, the viral RNA was co-purified with eEF1Bc from both fractions ( Figure 5B, lanes 3 and 7) . These data confirmed that eEF1Bc binds to the viral RNA in yeast.