To rule out that the lack of type I IFN production resulted from lack of cell to cell interactions, we infected whole PBMCs with DENV-2 (MOI of 1) and 18 h after infection cell supernatants were collected. Figure 8C shows multiplex ELISA data of cell supernatants from those cultures. While there is a clear IL-8 response to DENV-2 infection in PBMCs, consistent with the strong IL-8 signature observed in sera from patients [38] , there was no detectable IFNa secretion from infected PBMCs ( Figure 8C ). This suggests that DENV-2 may inhibit type I IFN production in susceptible cells within those cultures.