CD59 molecule, complement regulatory protein. Four probes for protectin [335, 523, 524] , CD59, with Spearman correlations with the Jensen-Shannon divergence from the equiprobable distribution, ranging from 20.61823 to 20.5089, rank between the 1 st and 39 th position (when we rank genes according to this correlation in ascending order). CD59 is an interesting gene as ''a comprehensive investigation of CD59 expression in prostate cancer has not been conducted yet'' [524] . Like LMNA (which is ranked third and will be discussed later) the rank of CD59/ protectin means that these genes progressively loose expression of these probes. CD59 is expressed in the prostatic epithelium [525] and in prostasomes [526] ; secretory granules which are produced, stored and released by the glandular epithelial cells of the prostate [527] . Babiker et al. concluded in [335] that prostasomes (via expression CD59) contribute to the protection of malignant cells from complement attack. We now investigate if the ratio of deltacatenin to CD59 can is a more robust biomarker for non-invasive prostate cancer detection, particularly after the results presented in [528] . We also note that CD59 may be also relevant to reveal the heterogeneous nature of prostate cancer. Its correlation was good, but is not lower than 20.62, which in our experience, indicates that we may be dealing with at least two types tumors in this dataset. Indeed, Xu et al. obtained CD59 mRNA levels were determined by real-time PCR in matched (tumor/normal) microdissected tissues from 26 cases and they found that: ''High rates of CD59 expression were noted in 36% of prostate cancer cases and were significantly associated with tumor pT stage (P = 0.043), Gleason grade (P = 0.013) and earlier biochemical (PSA) relapse in Kaplan-Meier analysis (P = 0.0013). On RNA level, we found an upregulation in 19.2% (five cases), although the general rate of CD59 transcript was significantly lower in tumor tissue (P = 0.03)'' [524] . They concluded that: ''CD59 protein is strongly expressed in 36% of adenocarcinomas of the prostate and and is associated with disease progression and adverse patient prognosis'' [524] . Jarvis et al. have previously hypothesized that CD59 expression, in some cancer cells, may help to regulate the immunological response, protecting them from the cytolytic activity of complement [523] (see also [529, 530] ).