) . The probability for each event is same here. Sometimes the probability for each event may not be same, but you do not know the probabilities, so any probability distribution is possible and equal probability distribution is also possible. In order to know, you have to need information to reduce the entropy from the maximum to 0. You have to assume equal probability because in this way you need minimal information. For example, we need to encode a protein sequence with 10 amino acids (all the amino acids are independent). Although the actual amino acids distribution across the sequence may not be equal, we do not know the distribution information. We have to assume equal probability to write the sequence. In this way, we need minimal information. The formula I=log(N) can still be used. We need information