With all the data available, the effective information of eukaryotes can be calculated (Table 4 ). If the genomes of some organisms are not yet sequenced, the numbers of genes are estimated according to the close species (marked by * sign). Because eukaryotes also have the problem of gene overlapping, it is better to find the exact size of protein coding area to calculate I 1 . Sometimes the size of protein coding area is quite different from the result calculated from the number of genes. For unicellular organisms, if the transcriptome sizes x are not available, then x are the numbers of genes.