A D4 measles strain highly correlated with the one isolated in Lazio caused a smaller outbreak in northern Italy (South Tyrol), between 21 June and 11 August 2006 [19] . The first case was reported during the same week of the beginning of the first outbreak in Lazio, and 13 of 17 cases belonged to the Roma/Sinti population. In South Tyrol, a transit camp for Roma/Sinti travelling between Italy and Eastern Europe appeared to be the entry point for the D4 measles genotype in Italy (Figure 4) .