Imaging of the musculoskeletal system differs from that of other organs by many features: limited specificity of presenting symptoms (pain), variable qualification of referring physicians, high frequency of trauma-related lesions and relative rarity of non-traumatic life-threatening conditions, frequent anatomic variants, possibility of successive imaging procedures with unsatisfactory communication of previous imaging or clinical findings. These features may contribute to numerous pitfalls and errors at MSK imaging. During this lecture, we will focus on common causes of errors. For lesion detection, we will emphasise the limitations of ultrasound, the inappropriate use of which may lead to significant difficulties. For lesion characterisation, we will focus on a several causes of misinterpretation at MR imaging including the lack of recognition of air, gas and calcium at MR imaging and the inappropriate use of fat-saturation. We will also remind the audience of the underestimation of septic disorders with inappropriate management of percutaneous biopsies. Finally, we will also draw the attention to mistakes that are related to the patients, including unconscious patients, relatives or VIP patients.