Previously, phylogenies had been estimated using subgenomic sequences from HRV A2-like strains [31] [32] [33] . To test whether this approach accurately represented inter-strain relationships, we [10] . Attachment of the VLDL-R involves adjacent VP1 molecules. Magnified VP1 area represents one half of a VLDL-R footprint [42] . Amino acid substitutions (arrowed) contributed to the differences between minor group sites B and C. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0001847.g003 compared the entire polyprotein sequences from 120 previously described and, for the first time, all six newly-identified picornavirus strains ( Figure 6 ). We confirmed that the newlyidentified HRVs occupy a distinct phylogenetic position with the genus Rhinovirus [34] and are most closely related to the HRV A strains (also supported by SimPlot mapping; Figure 3 ). We also found support for our earlier data [31] that this clade is divided into two distinct subgroups. In the 2C and 3CD regions, these subgroups share less than 70% amino acid identity, which also occurs among members of the existing HRV species.