(2) Concern for self/family: the proportion of households aged 16 years and older who were very or extremely concerned that self/family would be directly affected if pandemic influenza were to occur. To determine factors associated with risk perception, the dichotomized risk question indicators and the "composite" indicators were used as outcome measures and these were investigated using the following set of independent variables: age, gender, marital status, children in household, location (urban/rural) as defined by respondents' area health region, born in Australia, speaking a language other than English at home, highest level of formal education, household income, living alone, self-rated health status, and psychological distress. Self-rated health status was assessed with the question "Overall, how would you rate your health during the past 4 weeks?" with possible responses being "excellent", "very good", "good", "fair", "poor", and "very poor". Responses of "very good" and "good" were combined and reported as "good" self-rated health, and responses of "poor" and Influenza Research and Treatment 3 "very poor" were combined and reported as "poor" selfrated health. Psychological distress was assessed using the Kessler 10 measure (K10). The K10 provides a measure of nonspecific psychological distress. Questions in the K10 include "In the past 4 weeks about how often did you feel . . ." "tired out for no good reason", "nervous", "so nervous that nothing could calm you down", "hopeless", "restless of fidgety", "so restless you could not sit still", "depressed", "that everything was an effort", "so sad that nothing could cheer you up", and "worthless". Possible responses were "all of the time", "most of the time", "some of the time", "a little of the time", and "none of the time". The K10 provides a score ranging from 10-50. For the current analysis a score below 22 was considered as low-psychological distress, and a score of 22 or above was considered as high-psychological distress.