Comparing the findings of the national epidemiological investigations in 1995 and in 2005, it is indicated that the oral health status of the whole population will not be improved by only increasing the number of dentists and oral health institutions. Prevention as a public policy measure should be underlined in the oral health care system. New policies must have the necessary resources to translate need, currently not met, into effective demand. Policy should be developed to emphasize dental prevention and insurance reimbursement for preventive services. It should be emphasized that the reform start with innovating the structure of oral health care system, improve public health, rural health, and enhance the construction of the medical care system in urban communities. Meanwhile, it is important to pro-mote dental care professionals to pinpoint prevention service and to gear people to participate in preventive services. Insurance should cover the field of oral preventive services. Successful experiences of preventive model should be explored. In recent years, Beijing and Shanghai municipal governments have increased the inputs in oral health care for students, making a good start.