Multiple survey logistic regression analyses using a backward stepwise method were performed for the nine outcome variables. Table 1 shows that Australian households who lived in rural areas were significantly more likely to think that pandemic influenza was very or extremely likely to occur than those in urban region (AOR = 1.59 (95% CI: 1.02-2.49, P = .041)). Respondents with poor self-rated health were also significantly more likely to think that pandemic influenza was very or extremely likely to occur, compared to those with good self-rated health (AOR = 1.92 (95% CI: 1.12-3.31, P = .018)) and were also more likely to report being very or extremely concerned that self or family would be directly affected if a pandemic was to occur (AOR = 1.64 (95% CI: 1.09-2.47, P = .017). Those from low income households, those who spoke a language other than English, and young people (16-24 years) were more likely to have changed the way they lived their lives because of the possibility of pandemic influenza, compared to their respective reference groups. Table 1 also shows that respondents who lived in rural areas and respondents who reported poor self-rated health were significantly more likely to report combined indicator (1) than those who lived in urban areas and those with good self-rated health. The odds of respondents with highpsychological distress reporting combined indicator (2) were 3.03 (AOR = 3.03) times higher than the odds of respondents with low-psychological distress levels reporting combined indicator (2).