HFOV mainly differs from HFJV by active in-and expiration, whereas HFJV only uses active inspiration and passive expiration. Thus, HFJV allows patients spontaneous breathing, preserving muscles of diaphragm and intercostal musculature. This is a major advantage, because early spontaneous breathing significantly reduces deleterious organ-organ interactions, e.g., lungliver interactions, and improves liver perfusion [10] .