Early infection with common respiratory viruses (RV) after lung transplant has been associated with both acute and chronic rejection. To determine if an infection with RVs was associated with alloimmune lung syndromes after hematopoietic SCT, Versluys et al. performed a prospective trial in 110 pediatric patients receiving a variety of graft sources for both malignant and nonmalignant diseases and conditions with either TBI (33) or chemotherapy based (77) conditioning regimens. They used quantitative PCR of nasopharyngeal aspirates to monitor for the most common RVs and found that 50% of patients had evidence of infection at a median of day 116 after transplant (range: 7-100). The most frequent infection was Rhinovirus (28), followed by Parainfluenzavirus 1-3, Coronavirus, Influenza A virus and Adenovirus. They reported that clinical symptoms were mild and all patients recovered spontaneously.