With respect to the application of siRNA in the in vivo setting of the lung, initially we attempted to extend our observation that blockade of MIP-2 or KC with conventional antibodies effected the development of ALI (67) by using an in vivo approach silencing these same chemokines locally in the lung (164) . Subsequently, we initiated studies with antiapoptotic siRNA against Fas and caspase-8 assessing their capacity to protect the lung from the detrimental effects of hemorrhage-induced septic ALI (152) .