exposure in MRI will also be discussed including the following situations: the patient may not be aware that she is pregnant, likely to be in the first trimester; the mother is referred for direct foetal imaging after ultrasound (normally second or third trimester); the expectant mother may need diagnosis; research on pregnant volunteers. The exposure for pregnant staff working in MRI is also an essential consideration. Finally, how to minimise the exposure for the foetus during MR imaging will be discussed. Although surgery, including hepatic segmentectomy, hemihepatectomy and orthotopic liver transplantation, remains the only curative treatment option for patients suffering from hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), locoregional interventional procedures increasingly play an important role in the preoperative and palliative management (and potentially even in the curative management) of HCC. First, the technique and clinical value of portal vein embolisation prior to hemihepatectomy will be discussed. Next, the role of radiofrequency (RF) ablation and other, new ablative interventional technologies will be highlighted for the palliative and potentially also for the curative treatment of HCC. Finally, an overview of different transcatheter procedures will be given, including bland and chemo-embolisation with or without drug-eluting beads as well as Y90-radioembolisation, to target HCC lesions. Results of technical and clinical outcome will be discussed as well as the potential of combination therapies.