Objective: The hyalinization of subepidermal skin is one of the histopathological characteristics of the vulvar lichen sclerosus (VLS). It was found that patients with VLS present autoantibodies against the extracellular matrix protein 1 (ECM-1) and the deficiency of this protein is responsible for the development of a different disease, the Lipoid Proteinosis. This disease shows a similar histology with VLS and has better characterized morphology. Method: We analyzed 20 VLS patients biopsies and the control group was composed by 20 vulva samples from authopsy. The biopsies and control samples were analysed by immunofluorescence for collagen I, III and V and th total collagen fibers by Picrosirius staining. The elastic fibers were stained with Verhoeff and the proteoglycans and glycosaminoglycans with Periodic Acid-Schiff and Alcian Blue. Collagen quantification was performed through image analysis.