This study represents the first R. philippinarum transcriptome analysis focused on its immune system using a 454-pyrosequencing approach and complements the recent pyrosequencing assay carried out by Milan et al. [16] . The discovery of new immune sequences was effective, resulting in an enormous variety of contigs corresponding to molecules that could play a role in the defense mechanisms. More than 10% of our results had relationship with immunity. This new resource is now gathered in the NCBI Short Read Archive with the accession number: SRA046855.1.