J.H. Kim 1 , K.W. Kim 1 1 Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea Background: Splenic artery embolization (SAE) is performed to increase hepatic arterial flow or to decrease portal venous flow in recipients of liver transplantation (LT). Thus, the purpose of this study was to estimate SAE effect on the basis of changes in caliber of related vessels and splenic volume on pre-SAE and serial post-SAE CT scans in LT recipients. Methods: Between 2003 and 2007, among 73 LT recipients who underwent SAE and serial follow-up CT, 43 with no compounding factor that may obscure SAE effect were included in this study. They underwent CT before and after (1week, 1month, and 1year) SAE. A radiologist retrospectively measured diameters of CA, CHA, SA, SV and splenic volume on serial CT scans. Their diameters and splenic volume on each CT were compared with those on the prior and pre-SAE CT. The difference was compared using repeated-measures ANOVA tests. Results: CAs decreased between 1week and 1month after SAE (P<.05), but were stable before 1week and after 1 month. CHAs increased within 1week (P<.05) but decreased between 1week and 1month (P<.05) and remained stable after 1month. Compared with pre-SAE CT, CHAs were larger for 1month after SAE. SAs continuously decreased for 1year (P<.05). SVs decreased for 1 month (P<.05) and remained stable after 1 month. Compared with pre-SAE CT, SAs and SVs were smaller from 1week after SAE and on. Splenic volume continuously decreased for 1year except a period between 1week and 1month. Conclusion: The increase of hepatic arterial flow persists for 1month after SAE, but returns to baseline thereafter. The decrease of portal flow may lasts for at least 1year after SAE.