Jamali et al analyzed the entorhinal cortex from the hippocampus of brains removed as a surgical treatment consisting of a standard anterior temporal lobectomy whereas Özbas-GerÇeker et al did not differentiate between hippocampal subregions. Both studies attempted to find control tissue in the form of autopsy hippocampal specimens; however, this obviously posed a significant problem in terms of reproducibility of "controls" not to mention the ethical dilemma. In an attempt to factor in a bias related to long-term exposure to anti-epileptic medications, Jamali et al also compared samples from autologous adjacent lateral temporal cortex that had been subjected to the same environment as the epileptic tissue.