Chung et al. [13] showed that culturing HTR-8/SVneo cells in the presence of TGFB1 resulted in an increase in the expression of VEGFA. Figure 3C shows that neutralization of TGFB1 affected the increase in VEGFA expression by HTR-8/ SVneo cells after treatment with PSG1. Therefore, the induction of VEGFA was TGFB1 dependent.