To assess whether MO has any effect on viral load in vitro N2a cell lysates from all the treatment groups were subjected to plaque assay. PFU/mL of the cell lysates was found to be significantly higher in both JEV and JEV+SC-MO groups when compared to mock-infected cells (p,0.01). Viral loads were found to significantly reduced in both JEV+39 MO and JEV+59 MO groups when compared to only JEV-infected group (p,0.01) ( Figure S1A ). To further ascertain the results obtained from plaque assay, intracellular staining of JEV antigen in N2a was performed and number of JEV-positive N2a cells was then counted by flow cytometry. Only 16% and 9% of the total gated cells were found to be positive for JEV antigen in JEV+39 MO and JEV+59 MO groups respectively as compared to 30% in JEV-infected group, and 34% in JEV+SC-MO group ( Figure S1B ).