Gender differences in the practice of protective behavior against emerging infectious diseases, including SARS and AI, have been explored in prior research, although the results have been inconclusive. For example, a review article on handwashing practices during and after SARS outbreak indicated that females in general were more likely than males to adopt the protective behavior, suggesting that females might be more health conscious and risk averse, although the reported differences were not always statistically significant [16] . Similarly, in a limited number of AI studies which included gender as a variable, its effect on the AI preventive behavior was generally found to be not statistically significant [e.g., 19, 26] . On the other hand, higher education levels have repeatedly been reported to be associated with increased knowledge and intention to adopt the recommended AI preventive behavior [e.g., 18, 19, 26] . Consistent with these findings, our study also found participants with higher education levels to be more likely to practice the AI preventive behavior. Interestingly, while gender difference was not statistically significant in the current study, we found significant interactive effect between gender and education among participants with a senior high-school education, males being less likely to adopt the recommended AI preventive behavior than their female counterparts. To our knowledge, such findings have not been reported in previous research and warrant further investigations to elucidate possible mechanisms.