The median number of deaths was 2 with a range of 0 to 26 (Table 3 , Figure 2d ). About one-fifth involved no deaths, and four fifths involved 4 or fewer deaths (Table  2) . Community, hospital based, and mixed outbreaks had medians of 1, 4, and 3 deaths, respectively (Table 3) ; however, case fatality rates were 0.24, 0.20 and 0.17. The number of deaths was smaller if the index case was identified (median equals 1 vs. 6, Table 3 ). The case fatality rate was highest if the index case presented with hemorrhagic-type smallpox.