Mothers with higher depressive scores appear able to help their youth achieve comparable levels of metabolic control as those without significant symptoms. However, elevated depressive symptoms occurred more often in single mothers who worked full time suggesting these mothers may have less time for and help with disease care. As youths become more autonomous maternal fears of hypoglycemia may magnify and perceptions of selfefficacy may decline. Screening and identification of mothers with high depressive symptoms and referral for supportive counseling may help them cope better and help ensure long-term optimal youth disease care. Research has begun to highlight the negative effects of maternal depression and anxiety on youth with type 1 diabetes (T1D), including poorer family functioning, increased symptoms of depression, and poorer quality of life. However, researchers have typically used self-report measures of family functioning and child adaptation. The current study extends previous research by using observational methods to examine the relationship between maternal symptoms of depression and anxiety and specific parenting behaviors.