The targeted dose is that (e.g., 22 kGy) which the tissue is intended to be exposed. However, the manner in which tissue is irradiated in its container or chamber does not allow all tissues to receive an exact similar dose. If only a single targeted dose is reported for tissue treatment, then that is likely the minimal exposure dose. For example, an exposure reported as 25 kGy (2.5 Mrad) likely indicates that all materials received at least 25 kGy exposure and that some may have received a much higher dosage (e.g., the outer grafts in a container). Thus, when only a single dose is reported it is fair to consider that to represent the minimal exposure and that some or most tissues will receive a higher dose.