Kindling as reported by Goddard (34) refers to the repeated administration of subconvulsive electrical stimuli resulting in progressive development of seizure activity traditionally performed using daily stimulations. The term is therefore quite specific to low level electrical stimulation. Numerous alterations in stimulating paradigms have been used since Goddard's initial description of kindling and it is now well established as a chronic animal model of MTLE. It is accepted as a functional model of epilepsy where altered neuronal response develops in the absence of the gross morphological damage seen in many other epilepsy models.