Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are believed to be involved in electrical shock (ES) related myocardial injury [142] , ischaemia/reperfusion injury, reperfusion arrhythmia, and cardiogenic shock. Ascorbic acid, a potent water-soluble antioxidant, has been found to attenuate oxidative damage, myocardial injury, and arrhythmia during reperfusion [143] . However, so far, no in vivo study has evaluated whether ascorbic acid administration benefits defibrillation and resuscitation. Therefore, Tsai et al. [144] , in a rat model of ventricular fibrillation and electrical shock, observed that the intravenous administration of ascorbic acid at the start of cardiopulmonary resuscitation reduced lipid peroxidation and myocardial necrosis, diminished mitochondrial damage, facilitated resuscitation, and improved outcome.  Using Support Vector Machine and Evolutionary Profiles to Predict Antifreeze Protein Sequences Antifreeze proteins (AFPs) are ice-binding proteins. Accurate identification of new AFPs is important in understanding ice-protein interactions and creating novel ice-binding domains in other proteins. In this paper, an accurate method, called AFP_PSSM, has been developed for predicting antifreeze proteins using a support vector machine (SVM) and position specific scoring matrix (PSSM) profiles. This is the first study in which evolutionary information in the form of PSSM profiles has been successfully used for predicting antifreeze proteins. Tested by 10-fold cross validation and independent test, the accuracy of the proposed method reaches 82.67% for the training dataset and 93.01% for the testing dataset, respectively. These results indicate that our predictor is a useful tool for predicting antifreeze proteins. A web server (AFP_PSSM) that implements the proposed predictor is freely available. Antifreeze proteins (AFPs) are functional proteins in a cell. With special antifreeze activity, AFPs make the organisms less sensitive to cold temperatures. AFPs bind to small ice crystals to inhibit growth and recrystallization of ice that would otherwise be fatal [1] . By contributing to both freeze resistance and freeze tolerance, AFPs have helped to increase species diversity in some of the harshest and most inhospitable environments. Freeze resistance involves the inactivation or removal of ice-nucleating agents in freeze-avoiding species, whereas freeze tolerance involves the activation or synthesis of ice-nucleating agents in winter in freeze-tolerant species [2, 3] .