To conclude, these data showed that, in response to certain herpesviruses, pDCs can secrete antiinflammatory cytokines and induce or activate regulatory T cells. However, these pDC functions have not yet been examined in vivo during herpesvirus infections. Regulatory T cells induced by pDCs could favor the development of highly specific adaptive immune responses targeted to the invading virus, by preventing bystander activation of T cells directed against other antigens, thereby contributing to promote antiviral defenses and to prevent immunopathology [133] . Interestingly, during intra-vaginal infections of mice with HSV-2, by controlling chemokine/cytokine production and overall immune activation in secondary lymphoid organs, regulatory T cells promote the trafficking of innate and adaptive antiviral effectors out of the lymph nodes to the site of infection for local control of viral replication [134] . Thus, taken together, these data suggest that the induction of regulatory T cells by pDCs may contribute to focus innate and adaptive antiviral immune responses to the appropriate antigens and anatomical sites to promote health over disease.