Nucleic acid detection, to date, has mainly been confined to wealthy, developed countries or to the large centralized facilities in the developing world that can marshal the resources required to perform these techniques. Like many molecular diagnostic assays, nucleic acid amplification techniques (NAATs) typically require a significant investment in equipment, training, and infrastructure. Economic and infrastructural realities dictate that diagnostics for the developing world need to be foremost inexpensive; but also, accurate, reliable, rugged, and suited to the contexts of these lowresource settings (LRS). [3] [4] [5] Recent guidelines published by the World Health Organization recommend that diagnostic devices for developing countries should be ASSURED: Affordable, Sensitive, Specific, User-friendly, Rapid and robust, Equipmentfree, and Deliverable to end users. [6] In some diagnostic contexts in LRS, rapid diagnostic tests (RDT) based on the immunochromatography strip (ICS) fit the ASSURED model, albeit with limited sensitivity and specificity. [7] [8] [9] NAAT assays that use polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification are capable of providing excellent sensitivity and specificity but generally fail to meet the ASSURED guidelines for affordability, rapidity and robustness, equipment-free operation, and deliverability. [10, 11] Appropriate, low-cost, equipment-free, pathogen-specific NA marker assays that characterize medical care in much of the developing world remain unavailable in LRS.