Objective: The oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic inflammatory disease of unknown cause, and its malignant potential is a very controversial issue. Therefore, the aim was to evaluate the immunohistochemical expression of apoptosis-related proteins and cell proliferation in OLP and epithelial dysplasia in order to investigate changes related to carcinogenesis and emphasize the importance of long-term follow-up of patients with OLP. Method: For this purpose, we selected 14 samples of OLP, 14 samples of leukoplakia with epithelial dysplasia, and 09 samples of normal oral mucosa as controls.