We used radial basis functions as kernel of SVM, and set to epsilon parameter of SVM as 0.1 [42] . Resulting SVM values of pixels are ranging from 0 to 1. This value indicates the likelihood of a local patch belonging to a certain class (TIB or non-TIB); low ratings indicate a non-TIB region, and high ratings indicate a TIB region. Soon after the SVM values were computed for the entire lung, we changed the cutoff values of SVM (0.5 as default) several times to obtain ROC curves.