The chemistry developed for construction of these photoaffinity probes leads to a rather straightforward design and synthesis of fluorescent CQ derivatives. Some dansyl-CQ derivatives actually turn out to be more active against CQR strains of P. falciparum than CQ, and are useful for imaging subcellular localization of CQ [91] . A more convenient probe that can be followed with more routinely available lasers and fluorescent microscopes, NBD-CQ, has also recently been developed [92] . Combined with vesicles and proteoliposomes as described for drug binding studies [73, 90] this probe is currently allowing us to define putative CQ transport by PfCRT in very detailed molecular and thermodynamic terms.