In particular, PEMFs induced upregulation of several genes at the transcriptional level like STAT3, homeobox A10 (HOXA10), and V-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog 1 (AKT1). Some genes acting at the transductional level also are upregulated including calmodulin (CALM1), activator protein 1 (AP-1), Nuclear factor kappaB (NF-KB), cAMP response element binding (CREB), and P2RX7 (Table 3) . Several interesting overexpressed genes are components of cytoskeleton and involved in cell adhesion (Table 3) . Examples are fibronectin (FN1) and vinculin (VCL). PEMF also increased the expression of genes encoding for collagenous and noncollagenous extracellular matrix proteins including collagen Type 1a2 (COL1A2), osteonectin (SPARC), and metallopeptidase inhibitor 1 (TIMP1) ( Table 3) . Some genes downregulated by PEMFs are related to degradation of extracellular matrix (ECM) (Table 4) , specifically, matrix metallopeptidase 11 (MMP11), or stromelysin 3 and dual specificity phosphatase 4 (DUSP4).