where d E (T T) is the development rate as estimated above and m E (T T) is the (unknown) mortality rate at the chosen temperaturẽ T T. We chose m E (T T) in such a way that, after 19 days, the survival rate as estimated through simulation of model (10) (i.e. the fraction of eggs that successfully develop into larvae) coincides with s 19 T T . This procedure allowed the estimation of the mortality rate of eggs at temperatures T [ T ? . Fig. 2c shows that the estimated mortality rates of eggs at different temperatures lead to values of the survival rates compliant with the observed ones. The same procedure was used to estimate the mortality rates of larvae and pupae for temperatures T [ T ? . Mortality rates of adults for temperatures T [ T ? were directly available from [21] . The procedure described above for estimating the length of the developmental stages was used to estimate the mortality rates of all stages as a function of temperature in the range ½15 0 C{35 0 C. Results are reported in Table 2 . Fig. 2d shows a comparison between observed and modeled data.