Conclusion: Results obtain show that high fat diet markedly induced biliary epithelial cell proliferation and biliary epithelial cell apoptosis. It has been determined that when there is an injurious stimulus that leads to apoptosis, it is later followed by reparative proliferation and when there is no injurious stimulus, apoptosis occurs late in the course as part of remodeling. Background: Obstructive jaundice can be caused by malignancy. The treatment can be drainage by biliary stenting. In advanced malignant jaundice, the stent placement is often difficult. Objective: To evaluate the success rate of malignant obstructive jaundice evaluation of ERCP and success rate of stent placement. Methods: Retrospective study based on data of ERCP from October 2004 until July 2008. Results: We evaluated 139 patients who has done ERCP examination, 131 (94,2 %) patients have clinical diagnosis of obstructive jaundice. There were 73 (55,7%) male and 58 (44,3%) female, age range 20 -84 (median age was 51). There were no malignancy in 66 (50,4 %) patients; malignancy in 48 (36,6%) patients and 17 (13%) patients need further evaluation.. From 114 patients, 57 (50 %) patients attempted to have stent placement, 50 (43,9 %) patients do not and 7 (6,1 %) patients have no data. We done descriptive study on 57 patients attempted to have stent placement, 32 (56,1 %) patients succeed in stent placement whereas 25 (43,9 %) failed. Malignancy was showed to be a factor of stent failure (malignancy: 23 fail and 10 success (30,3 %) vs non malignancy: 2 fail and 22 success (91,7%)). Conclusion: ERCP can identify the cause of obstructive jaundice in 87 % patients. The success rate of stent placement was 56,1 %. The success rate of biliary stenting in malignant obstructive jaundice was 30,3 % whereas in non-malignant cases was 91,7 %. Papillary carcinoma was the most frequent cause of malignant obstructive jaundice. Background: In Hydatid disease of the liver cystobiliary fisula (CBF) constitutes an entity characterized by the occurrence of a life-threatening cholangitis with increased morbidity. Aim: To study the different diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of cystobiliary fistula in hydatid disease of the liver. Patients and Methods: Fourteen patients with complicated cysts were divided into 2 groups; group A: nine patients presented with cholangitis, and group B: five patients had history of jaundice. In all patients, the diagnosis of CBF was confirmed by ERC (Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiography). Preoperative endoscopic sphincterotomy (ES) was done in group A with retrieval of hydatid daughter cysts. Seven patients (subgroup A1) were subsequently submitted to surgery entailing endocystectomy in 5 and hepatic resection in two. The remaining 2 patients in group A (subgroup A2), were managed by endoscopic therapy only. Patients of group B (n=5), were not submitted to preoperative ES and were subsequently managed by hepatic resection in one patient and endocystectomy in four. Results: There was no mortality in the studied group. Postoperative bile leak occurred in four cases in group B. In contrast, none of the patients who were submitted to preoperative ES (subgroup A1) had bile leak. All patients received albendazole treatment. Conclusion: ERC is important in confirming the diagnosis of CBF. Also, therapeutic ERC has a place in the treatment algorithm of CBF as it was found to be a safe and a reliable therapeutic alternative especially in high risk patients for surgery.