Cognitive rehabilitation involves the teaching of skills and strategies to target specific problems in perception, memory, thinking and problem solving, with the goal of improving function and compensating for deficits. The benefits of cognitive rehabilitation are well known to those that care for patients with stroke, anoxia, or TBI. Predicting who will benefit and how much has proven challenging, but even severely disabled patients sometimes make dramatic neurocognitive recoveries [110] . Although there are no studies evaluating the effectiveness of cognitive rehabilitation in patients recovering from non-neurologic critical illness, it stands to reason that such patients could benefit when they are found to be cognitively impaired. Because cognitive impairments in critically ill patients appear to be underrecognized by ICU and physical rehabilitation providers [111] , few patients are referred for cognitive rehabilitation therapy [3] . Education regarding the cognitive sequelae of critical illness is needed to enhance referrals for rehabilitation, not only for weakness and physical debilitation but also for cognitive impairments.