Though less well known than their compartmental counterparts (SIR, SIS, etc…), time-since-infection models offer a more intuitive starting point for modelling infectious disease transmission, and importantly for this application, they provide two other major advantages. First, it is typically easier to identify their key parameters, and second they more readily adapt to describe multi-level transmission (by multi-level, I mean here withinhousehold and between household). A disadvantage is that it can be harder to include heterogeneities. Nomenclature is confusing, since both types of model have their origin in the same classic paper of Kermack and McKendrick [21] , and both the SIR model and the simplest time-since-infection model are known as ''the Kermack-McKendrick model''.