CIRCL/vulnerability-scores huggingface dataset:
CVE-2019-2574 
Vulnerability in the Oracle VM VirtualBox component of Oracle Virtualization (subcomponent: Core). Supported versions that are affected are Prior to 5.2.28 and prior to 6.0.6. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows low privileged attacker with logon to the infrastructure where Oracle VM VirtualBox executes to compromise Oracle VM VirtualBox. While the vulnerability is in Oracle VM VirtualBox, attacks may significantly impact additional products. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized access to critical data or complete access to all Oracle VM VirtualBox accessible data. CVSS 3.0 Base Score 6.5 (Confidentiality impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:N/A:N).
CVSS v3.0 score: 6.5
CVSS v2.0 score: 2.1
CVE-2019-15766 
The KSLABS KSWEB (aka ru.kslabs.ksweb) application 3.93 for Android allows authenticated remote code execution via a POST request to the AJAX handler with the configFile parameter set to the arbitrary file to be written to (and the config_text parameter set to the content of the file to be created). This can be a PHP file that is written to in the public web directory and subsequently executed. The attacker must have network connectivity to the PHP server that is running on the Android device.
CVSS v3.1 score: 8.8
CVSS v2.0 score: 6.5
GHSA-p2xw-hr6c-g7h5 
In gatts_process_read_by_type_req of gatt_sr.cc, there is a possible out of bounds write due to a logic error in the code. This could lead to remote code execution with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.
CVSS v3.1 score: 9.8
CVE-2021-40660 
An issue was discovered in Delight Nashorn Sandbox 0.2.0. There is an ReDoS vulnerability that can be exploited to launching a denial of service (DoS) attack.
CVSS v3.1 score: 7.5
CVSS v2.0 score: 5
CVE-2022-24259 
An incorrect check in the component cdr.php of Voipmonitor GUI before v24.96 allows unauthenticated attackers to escalate privileges via a crafted request.
CVSS v3.1 score: 9.8
CVSS v2.0 score: 7.5
GHSA-wc34-94x4-v5r4 
Multiple PHP remote file inclusion vulnerabilities in Contenido CMS 4.8.4 allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code via a URL in the (1) contenido_path parameter to (a) contenido/backend_search.php; the (2) cfg[path][contenido] parameter to (b) move_articles.php, (c) move_old_stats.php, (d) optimize_database.php, (e) run_newsletter_job.php, (f) send_reminder.php, (g) session_cleanup.php, and (h) setfrontenduserstate.php in contenido/cronjobs/, and (i) includes/include.newsletter_jobs_subnav.php and (j) plugins/content_allocation/includes/include.right_top.php in contenido/; the (3) cfg[path][templates] parameter to (k) includes/include.newsletter_jobs_subnav.php and (l) plugins/content_allocation/includes/include.right_top.php in contenido/; and the (4) cfg[templates][right_top_blank] parameter to (m) plugins/content_allocation/includes/include.right_top.php and (n) contenido/includes/include.newsletter_jobs_subnav.php in contenido/, different vectors than CVE-2006-5380.
CVE-2022-42834 
An access issue was addressed with improved access restrictions. This issue is fixed in macOS Monterey 12.6.3, macOS Ventura 13, macOS Big Sur 11.7.3. An app may be able to access mail folder attachments through a temporary directory used during compression
CVSS v3.1 score: 3.3
CVE-2023-6120 Welcart e-Commerce <= 2.9.6 - Authenticated (Administrator+) Directory Traversal
The Welcart e-Commerce plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Directory Traversal in all versions up to, and including, 2.9.6 via the upload_certificate_file function. This makes it possible for administrators to upload .pem or .crt files to arbitrary locations on the server.
CVSS v3.1 score: 4.1
CVE-2025-12157 Simple User Capabilities <= 1.0 - Missing Authorization to Unauthenticated Capability Reset
The Simple User Capabilities plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized modification of data due to a missing capability check on the 'wp_ajax_nopriv_reset_capability' AJAX endpoint in all versions up to, and including, 1.0. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to reset any user's capabilities.
CVSS v3.1 score: 5.3
GHSA-3283-h39g-mw6m 
SQL injection vulnerability in GForge 4.5.14, 4.7.3, and possibly other versions allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands via unknown vectors.
GHSA-q235-62fh-xp9w 
The Booster for WooCommerce plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Stored Cross-Site Scripting via 'wcj_image' shortcode in versions up to, and including, 7.1.2 due to insufficient input sanitization and output escaping on user supplied attributes. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers with contributor-level and above permissions to inject arbitrary web scripts in pages that will execute whenever a user accesses an injected page.
CVSS v3.1 score: 6.4
CVE-2023-30998 IBM Security Access Manager Docker privilege escalation
IBM Security Access Manager Docker 10.0.0.0 through 10.0.7.1 could allow a local user to obtain root access due to improper access controls.  IBM X-Force ID:  254649.
CVSS v3.1 score: 7.8
CVE-2017-3197 GIGABYTE BRIX UEFI firmware fails to securely implement BIOS write protection
GIGABYTE BRIX UEFI firmware for the GB-BSi7H-6500 (version F6) and GB-BXi7-5775 (version F2) platforms does not securely implement BIOSWE, BLE, SMM_BWP, and PRx features. As a result, the BIOS is not protected from arbitrary write access and may permit modifications to the SPI flash.
CVSS v3.0 score: 9.8
CVSS v2.0 score: 10
CVE-2022-48869 USB: gadgetfs: Fix race between mounting and unmounting
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

USB: gadgetfs: Fix race between mounting and unmounting

The syzbot fuzzer and Gerald Lee have identified a use-after-free bug
in the gadgetfs driver, involving processes concurrently mounting and
unmounting the gadgetfs filesystem.  In particular, gadgetfs_fill_super()
can race with gadgetfs_kill_sb(), causing the latter to deallocate
the_device while the former is using it.  The output from KASAN says,
in part:

BUG: KASAN: use-after-free in instrument_atomic_read_write include/linux/instrumented.h:102 [inline]
BUG: KASAN: use-after-free in atomic_fetch_sub_release include/linux/atomic/atomic-instrumented.h:176 [inline]
BUG: KASAN: use-after-free in __refcount_sub_and_test include/linux/refcount.h:272 [inline]
BUG: KASAN: use-after-free in __refcount_dec_and_test include/linux/refcount.h:315 [inline]
BUG: KASAN: use-after-free in refcount_dec_and_test include/linux/refcount.h:333 [inline]
BUG: KASAN: use-after-free in put_dev drivers/usb/gadget/legacy/inode.c:159 [inline]
BUG: KASAN: use-after-free in gadgetfs_kill_sb+0x33/0x100 drivers/usb/gadget/legacy/inode.c:2086
Write of size 4 at addr ffff8880276d7840 by task syz-executor126/18689

CPU: 0 PID: 18689 Comm: syz-executor126 Not tainted 6.1.0-syzkaller #0
Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 10/26/2022
Call Trace:
 <TASK>
...
 atomic_fetch_sub_release include/linux/atomic/atomic-instrumented.h:176 [inline]
 __refcount_sub_and_test include/linux/refcount.h:272 [inline]
 __refcount_dec_and_test include/linux/refcount.h:315 [inline]
 refcount_dec_and_test include/linux/refcount.h:333 [inline]
 put_dev drivers/usb/gadget/legacy/inode.c:159 [inline]
 gadgetfs_kill_sb+0x33/0x100 drivers/usb/gadget/legacy/inode.c:2086
 deactivate_locked_super+0xa7/0xf0 fs/super.c:332
 vfs_get_super fs/super.c:1190 [inline]
 get_tree_single+0xd0/0x160 fs/super.c:1207
 vfs_get_tree+0x88/0x270 fs/super.c:1531
 vfs_fsconfig_locked fs/fsopen.c:232 [inline]

The simplest solution is to ensure that gadgetfs_fill_super() and
gadgetfs_kill_sb() are serialized by making them both acquire a new
mutex.
CVSS v3.1 score: 4.7
GHSA-xw6x-7rww-v34g 
A vulnerability has been found in TP-Link TL-WR841N V11. The vulnerability exists in the /userRpm/WlanNetworkRpm_AP.htm file due to missing input parameter validation, which may lead to the buffer overflow to cause a crash of the web service and result in a denial-of-service (DoS) condition. The attack may be launched remotely. This vulnerability only affects products that are no longer supported by the maintainer.
CVSS v4.0 score: 6.9
CVSS v3.1 score: 7.5
CVE-2006-0323 
Buffer overflow in swfformat.dll in multiple RealNetworks products and versions including RealPlayer 10.x, RealOne Player, Rhapsody 3, and Helix Player allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted SWF (Flash) file with (1) a size value that is less than the actual size, or (2) other unspecified manipulations.
CVSS v2.0 score: 9.3
CVE-2026-17898 
Use after free in DevTools in Google Chrome prior to 151.0.7922.72 allowed an attacker who convinced a user to install a malicious extension to execute arbitrary code inside a sandbox via a crafted Chrome Extension. (Chromium security severity: Low)
CVSS v3.1 score: 7.5
CVE-2024-0265 SourceCodester Clinic Queuing System GET Parameter index.php file inclusion
A vulnerability was found in SourceCodester Clinic Queuing System 1.0. It has been rated as critical. This issue affects some unknown processing of the file /index.php of the component GET Parameter Handler. The manipulation of the argument page leads to file inclusion. The attack may be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The identifier VDB-249821 was assigned to this vulnerability.
CVSS v3.1 score: 6.3
CVSS v3.0 score: 6.3
CVSS v2.0 score: 6.5
CVE-2025-43499 
This issue was addressed with additional entitlement checks. This issue is fixed in iOS 18.7.2 and iPadOS 18.7.2, macOS Sequoia 15.7.2, macOS Sonoma 14.8.2, macOS Tahoe 26.1. An app may be able to access sensitive user data.
CVSS v3.1 score: 5.5
CVE-2025-36320 Vulnerabilities found in Watson Data Intelligence
IBM watsonx.data intelligence 5.2.0, 5.2.1, 5.2.2, 5.3.0 is vulnerable to stored cross-site scripting. This vulnerability allows an authenticated user to embed arbitrary JavaScript code in the Web UI thus altering the intended functionality potentially leading to credentials disclosure within a trusted session.
CVSS v3.1 score: 6.4
CVE-2016-7006 
Adobe Reader and Acrobat before 11.0.18, Acrobat and Acrobat Reader DC Classic before 15.006.30243, and Acrobat and Acrobat Reader DC Continuous before 15.020.20039 on Windows and OS X allow attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2016-6940, CVE-2016-6941, CVE-2016-6942, CVE-2016-6943, CVE-2016-6947, CVE-2016-6948, CVE-2016-6950, CVE-2016-6951, CVE-2016-6954, CVE-2016-6955, CVE-2016-6956, CVE-2016-6959, CVE-2016-6960, CVE-2016-6966, CVE-2016-6970, CVE-2016-6972, CVE-2016-6973, CVE-2016-6974, CVE-2016-6975, CVE-2016-6976, CVE-2016-6977, CVE-2016-6978, CVE-2016-6995, CVE-2016-6996, CVE-2016-6997, CVE-2016-6998, CVE-2016-7000, CVE-2016-7001, CVE-2016-7002, CVE-2016-7003, CVE-2016-7004, CVE-2016-7005, CVE-2016-7007, CVE-2016-7008, CVE-2016-7009, CVE-2016-7010, CVE-2016-7011, CVE-2016-7012, CVE-2016-7013, CVE-2016-7014, CVE-2016-7015, CVE-2016-7016, CVE-2016-7017, CVE-2016-7018, and CVE-2016-7019.
CVSS v3.0 score: 9.8
CVSS v2.0 score: 10
CVE-2018-3127 
Vulnerability in the Oracle Demantra Demand Management component of Oracle Supply Chain Products Suite (subcomponent: Product Security). Supported versions that are affected are 7.3.5 and 12.2. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via HTTP to compromise Oracle Demantra Demand Management. Successful attacks require human interaction from a person other than the attacker. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized update, insert or delete access to some of Oracle Demantra Demand Management accessible data. CVSS 3.0 Base Score 4.3 (Integrity impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N).
CVSS v3.0 score: 4.3
CVSS v2.0 score: 4.3
GHSA-rx6x-4frg-6jxm 
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:mm/mempolicy: fix mpol_new leak in shared_policy_replaceIf mpol_new is allocated but not used in restart loop, mpol_new will be
freed via mpol_put before returning to the caller.  But refcnt is not
initialized yet, so mpol_put could not do the right things and might
leak the unused mpol_new.  This would happen if mempolicy was updated on
the shared shmem file while the sp->lock has been dropped during the
memory allocation.This issue could be triggered easily with the below code snippet if
there are many processes doing the below work at the same time:shmid = shmget((key_t)5566, 1024 * PAGE_SIZE, 0666|IPC_CREAT);
  shm = shmat(shmid, 0, 0);
  loop many times {
    mbind(shm, 1024 * PAGE_SIZE, MPOL_LOCAL, mask, maxnode, 0);
    mbind(shm + 128 * PAGE_SIZE, 128 * PAGE_SIZE, MPOL_DEFAULT, mask,
          maxnode, 0);
  }
CVSS v3.1 score: 5.5
CVE-2025-50066 
Vulnerability in the Oracle Database Materialized View component of Oracle Database Server.  Supported versions that are affected are 19.3-19.27, 21.3-21.18 and  23.4-23.8. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows high privileged attacker having Execute on DBMS_REDEFINITION privilege with network access via Oracle Net to compromise Oracle Database Materialized View.  Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in  unauthorized update, insert or delete access to some of Oracle Database Materialized View accessible data. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 2.7 (Integrity impacts).  CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N).
CVSS v3.1 score: 2.7
CVE-2025-33116 IBM Watson Studio on Cloud Pak for Data cross-site scripting
IBM Watson Studio 4.0 through 5.2.0 on Cloud Pak for Data is vulnerable to cross-site scripting. This vulnerability allows an authenticated user to embed arbitrary JavaScript code in the Web UI thus altering the intended functionality potentially leading to credentials disclosure within a trusted session.
CVSS v3.1 score: 4.4
GHSA-v8rc-559m-rv3h 
DokuWiki 2016-06-26a and older uses $_SERVER[HTTP_HOST] instead of the baseurl setting as part of the password-reset URL. This can lead to phishing attacks. (A remote unauthenticated attacker can change the URL's hostname via the HTTP Host header.) The vulnerability can be triggered only if the Host header is not part of the web server routing process (e.g., if several domains are served by the same web server).
CVSS v3.0 score: 6.5
CVE-2024-55578 
Zammad before 6.4.1 places sensitive data (such as auth_microsoft_office365_credentials and application_secret) in log files.
CVSS v3.1 score: 4.3
GHSA-jh2c-vp23-cq65 
The Ally – Web Accessibility & Usability plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Cross-Site Request Forgery in all versions up to, and including, 3.8.0. This is due to missing or incorrect nonce validation on the enable_unfiltered_files_upload function. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to enable unfiltered file upload and add svg files to the upload list via a forged request granted they can trick a site administrator into performing an action such as clicking on a link.
CVSS v3.1 score: 4.3
CVE-2025-53482 IPInfo: Message key XSS through several IPInfo messages in infobox and popup
Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation (XSS or 'Cross-site Scripting') vulnerability in Wikimedia Foundation Mediawiki - IPInfo Extension allows Cross-Site Scripting (XSS).This issue affects Mediawiki - IPInfo Extension: from 1.39.X before 1.39.13, from 1.42.X before 1.42.7, from 1.43.X before 1.43.2.
CVSS v3.1 score: 6.1
GHSA-fpv5-p692-m85v 
Flatnuke 3 (aka FlatnuX) allows remote attackers to obtain administrative access via a myforum%00 cookie.
CVE-2026-32627 cpp-httplib has a Silent TLS Certificate Verification Bypass on HTTPS Redirect via Proxy
cpp-httplib is a C++11 single-file header-only cross platform HTTP/HTTPS library. Prior to 0.37.2, when a cpp-httplib client is configured with a proxy and set_follow_location(true), any HTTPS redirect it follows will have TLS certificate and hostname verification silently disabled on the new connection. The client will accept any certificate presented by the redirect target — expired, self-signed, or forged — without raising an error or notifying the application. A network attacker in a position to return a redirect response can fully intercept the follow-up HTTPS connection, including any credentials or session tokens in flight. This vulnerability is fixed in 0.37.2.
CVSS v3.1 score: 8.7
GHSA-5rvw-86pg-w962 
tinc 1.0pre3 and 1.0pre4 VPN does not authenticate forwarded packets, which allows remote attackers to inject data into user sessions without detection, and possibly control the data contents via cut-and-paste attacks on CBC.
GHSA-vcw2-39v7-ppw9 
Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in searchresults_main.php in ZeeLyrics 3x allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via the keyword parameter.  NOTE: the provenance of this information is unknown; the details are obtained solely from third party information.
CVE-2021-24507 Astra Pro Addon < 3.5.2 - Unauthenticated SQL Injection
The Astra Pro Addon WordPress plugin before 3.5.2 did not properly sanitise or escape some of the POST parameters from the astra_pagination_infinite and astra_shop_pagination_infinite AJAX action (available to both unauthenticated and authenticated user) before using them in SQL statement, leading to an SQL Injection issues
CVSS v3.1 score: 9.8
CVSS v2.0 score: 7.5
GHSA-9926-qcxh-376f 
Gigamon GVOS v5.16.1 and below is vulnerable to Directory Traversal in the GVOS H-VUE subsystem.
CVSS v3.1 score: 7.5
GHSA-23jp-p842-vg87 
An issue was discovered in certain Apple products. macOS before 10.12.1 is affected. The issue involves the "ATS" component. It allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption and application crash) via a crafted font.
CVSS v3.0 score: 8.8
GHSA-w5fx-cx7f-6vr9 MediaWiki Denial of Service vulnerability
An issue was discovered in ApiPageSet.php in MediaWiki before 1.35.12, 1.36.x through 1.39.x before 1.39.5, and 1.40.x before 1.40.1. It allows attackers to cause a denial of service (unbounded loop and RequestTimeoutException) when querying pages redirected to other variants with redirects and converttitles set.
CVSS v4.0 score: 8.7
CVSS v3.1 score: 7.5
GHSA-qcjh-mhmj-8r4v 
Kofax Power PDF PDF File Parsing Heap-based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Kofax Power PDF. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file.The specific flaw exists within the parsing of PDF files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a fixed-length heap-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-21603.
CVSS v3.0 score: 7.8
GHSA-755f-cpf7-v78f 
An unauthenticated remote attacker can exploit an unauthenticated SQL Injection vulnerability in the getAlarmProfiles function due to improper neutralization of special elements in a SQL SELECT command. This can result in a total loss of confidentiality.
CVSS v4.0 score: 8.7
CVSS v3.1 score: 7.5
GHSA-4hrf-7rvp-8x6g 
Lorex 2K Indoor Wi-Fi Security Camera Device Management Server Improper Certificate Validation Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows network-adjacent attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Lorex 2K Indoor Wi-Fi Security Cameras. User interaction is not required to exploit this vulnerability.The specific flaw exists within the device management functionality. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the certificate presented by the server. An attacker can leverage this in conjunction with other vulnerabilities to execute code in the context of root. Was ZDI-CAN-26851.
CVSS v3.0 score: 7.5
CVE-2020-36563 Weak hash (SHA-1) in github.com/RobotsAndPencils/go-saml
XML Digital Signatures generated and validated using this package use SHA-1, which may allow an attacker to craft inputs which cause hash collisions depending on their control over the input.
CVSS v3.1 score: 5.3
CVE-2023-34406 
An issue was discovered on Mercedes Benz NTG 6. A possible integer overflow exists in the user data import/export function of NTG (New Telematics Generation) 6 head units. To perform this attack, local access to USB interface of the car is needed. With prepared data, an attacker can cause the User-Data service to fail. The failed service instance will restart automatically.
CVSS v3.1 score: 3.3
CVE-2012-4436 
Buffer overflow in the run_last_args function in client/fwknop.c in fwknop before 2.0.3, when processing --last, might allow local users to cause a denial of service (client crash) and possibly execute arbitrary code via many .fwknop.run arguments.
CVSS v2.0 score: 4.4
GHSA-v7hw-w6xx-mq39 
Tenda AC18 V15.03.05.19 is vulnerable to Buffer Overflow via /goform/formWifiBasicSet.
CVSS v3.1 score: 9.8
GHSA-x622-hm6c-fm4f 
Support bundle generated files could contain sensitive information that might be unwanted to be disclosed. This issue affects: ((OTRS)) Community Edition: 5.0.41 and prior versions, 6.0.26 and prior versions. OTRS: 7.0.15 and prior versions.
CVSS v3.1 score: 4.3
CVE-2024-20053 
In flashc, there is a possible out of bounds write due to an uncaught exception. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with System execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation. Patch ID: ALPS08541757; Issue ID: ALPS08541764.
CVSS v3.1 score: 8.4
CVE-2020-35219 
The ASUS DSL-N17U modem with firmware 1.1.0.2 allows attackers to access the admin interface by changing the admin password without authentication via a POST request to Advanced_System_Content.asp with the uiViewTools_username=admin&uiViewTools_Password= and uiViewTools_PasswordConfirm= substrings.
CVSS v3.1 score: 9.8
CVSS v2.0 score: 10
RHBA-2017:2100 Red Hat Bug Fix Advisory: GTK+ bug fix update
gdk-pixbuf: Heap-based buffer overflow in the gdk_pixbuf_flip function
CVSS v3.0 score: 3.3
CVE-2023-4481 Junos OS and Junos OS Evolved: A crafted BGP UPDATE message allows a remote attacker to de-peer (reset) BGP sessions (CVE-2023-4481)
An Improper Input Validation vulnerability in the Routing Protocol Daemon (rpd) of Juniper Networks Junos OS and Junos OS Evolved allows an unauthenticated, network-based attacker to cause a Denial of Service (DoS).

When certain specific crafted BGP UPDATE messages are received over an established BGP session, one BGP session may be torn down with an UPDATE message error, or the issue may propagate beyond the local system which will remain non-impacted, but may affect one or more remote systems. This issue is exploitable remotely as the crafted UPDATE message can propagate through unaffected systems and intermediate BGP speakers.
Continuous receipt of the crafted BGP UPDATE messages will create a sustained Denial of Service (DoS) condition for impacted devices.

This issue affects eBGP and iBGP, in both IPv4 and IPv6 implementations.  This issue requires a remote attacker to have at least one established BGP session.
 Improper Input Validation, Denial of Service vulnerability in Juniper Networks, Inc. Junos OS (BGP, rpd modules), Juniper Networks, Inc. Junos OS Evolved (BGP, rpd modules) allows Fuzzing.This issue affects 

Junos OS: 



  *  All versions before 20.4R3-S10,
  *  from 21.1R1 through 21.*,
  *  from 21.2 before 21.2R3-S5,
  *  from 21.3 before 21.3R3-S5,
  *  from 21.4 before 21.4R3-S7 (unaffected from 21.4R3-S5, affected from 21.4R3-S6)
  *  from 22.1 before 22.1R3-S4,
  *  from 22.2 before 22.2R3-S3,
  *  from 22.3 before 22.3R3-S1,
  *  from 22.4 before 22.4R3,
  *  from 23.2 before 23.2R2.


Junos OS Evolved:



  *  All versions before 20.4R3-S10-EVO,
  *  from 21.2-EVO before 21.2R3-S7-EVO,
  *  from 21.3-EVO before 21.3R3-S5-EVO,
  *  from 21.4-EVO before 21.4R3-S5-EVO,
  *  from 22.1-EVO before 22.1R3-S4-EVO,
  *  from 22.2-EVO before 22.2R3-S3-EVO,
  *  from 22.3-EVO before 22.3R3-S1-EVO,
  *  from 22.4-EVO before 22.4R3-EVO,
  *  from 23.2-EVO before 23.2R2-EVO.
CVSS v3.1 score: 7.5
CVE-2022-20531 
In Telecom, there is a possible way to determine whether an app is installed, without query permissions, due to side channel information disclosure. This could lead to local information disclosure with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.
CVSS v3.1 score: 5.5
GHSA-45x9-545x-8mc3 
Authenticated remote code execution (RCE) in Composr-CMS 10.0.39 and earlier allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via uploading a PHP shell through /adminzone/index.php?page=admin-commandr.
CVSS v3.1 score: 8.8
GHSA-rccq-2fxq-7x3h LimeSurvey is vulnerable to SQL injection
SQL Injection vulnerability in LimeSurvey before v.6.15.4+250710 allows a remote attacker to obtain sensitive information from the database.
CVSS v3.1 score: 7.5
GHSA-45xr-m8r3-59qh 
Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in admin/auth.php in Pluxml 0.3.1 allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via the msg parameter.
GHSA-9pw7-mgcc-2x76 
The EmbedSocial WordPress plugin before 1.1.28 does not validate and escape some of its shortcode attributes before outputting them back in a page/post where the shortcode is embed, which could allow users with the contributor role and above to perform Stored Cross-Site Scripting attacks
CVSS v3.1 score: 5.4
GHSA-w5h2-5mxp-pf9h 
Cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in admin/admin_account.php in Skalinks 1.5 and earlier allows remote attackers to add arbitrary privileged accounts as administrators via the admin_name, admin_password, admin_type, and Add_admin parameters.
CVE-2023-24671 
VX Search v13.8 and v14.7 was discovered to contain an unquoted service path vulnerability which allows attackers to execute arbitrary commands at elevated privileges via a crafted executable file.
CVSS v3.1 score: 7.8
CVE-2021-30702 
A logic issue was addressed with improved state management. This issue is fixed in macOS Big Sur 11.4, Security Update 2021-003 Catalina, Security Update 2021-004 Mojave. A person with physical access to a Mac may be able to bypass Login Window.
CVSS v3.1 score: 4.6
CVSS v2.0 score: 2.1
GHSA-5hv6-v6fc-54f2 
Buffer overflow in ypbind 3.3 possibly allows an attacker to gain root privileges.
GHSA-3wj6-j9c9-3mmg 
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:wifi: rtw89: 8852a: rfk: fix div 0 exceptionThe DPK is a kind of RF calibration whose algorithm is to fine tune
parameters and calibrate, and check the result. If the result isn't good
enough, it could adjust parameters and try again.This issue is to read and show the result, but it could be a negative
calibration result that causes divisor 0 and core dump. So, fix it by
phy_div() that does division only if divisor isn't zero; otherwise,
zero is adopted.divide error: 0000 [#1] PREEMPT SMP NOPTI
  CPU: 1 PID: 728 Comm: wpa_supplicant Not tainted 5.10.114-16019-g462a1661811a #1 <HASH:d024 28>
  RIP: 0010:rtw8852a_dpk+0x14ae/0x288f [rtw89_core]
  RSP: 0018:ffffa9bb412a7520 EFLAGS: 00010246
  RAX: 0000000000000000 RBX: 0000000000000000 RCX: 0000000000000000
  RDX: 0000000000000000 RSI: 00000000000180fc RDI: ffffa141d01023c0
  RBP: ffffa9bb412a76a0 R08: 0000000000001319 R09: 00000000ffffff92
  R10: ffffffffc0292de3 R11: ffffffffc00d2f51 R12: 0000000000000000
  R13: ffffa141d01023c0 R14: ffffffffc0290250 R15: ffffa141d0102638
  FS:  00007fa99f5c2740(0000) GS:ffffa142e5e80000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000
  CS:  0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033
  CR2: 0000000013e8e010 CR3: 0000000110d2c000 CR4: 0000000000750ee0
  PKRU: 55555554
  Call Trace:
   rtw89_core_sta_add+0x95/0x9c [rtw89_core <HASH:d239 29>]
   rtw89_ops_sta_state+0x5d/0x108 [rtw89_core <HASH:d239 29>]
   drv_sta_state+0x115/0x66f [mac80211 <HASH:81fe 30>]
   sta_info_insert_rcu+0x45c/0x713 [mac80211 <HASH:81fe 30>]
   sta_info_insert+0xf/0x1b [mac80211 <HASH:81fe 30>]
   ieee80211_prep_connection+0x9d6/0xb0c [mac80211 <HASH:81fe 30>]
   ieee80211_mgd_auth+0x2aa/0x352 [mac80211 <HASH:81fe 30>]
   cfg80211_mlme_auth+0x160/0x1f6 [cfg80211 <HASH:00cd 31>]
   nl80211_authenticate+0x2e5/0x306 [cfg80211 <HASH:00cd 31>]
   genl_rcv_msg+0x371/0x3a1
   ? nl80211_stop_sched_scan+0xe5/0xe5 [cfg80211 <HASH:00cd 31>]
   ? genl_rcv+0x36/0x36
   netlink_rcv_skb+0x8a/0xf9
   genl_rcv+0x28/0x36
   netlink_unicast+0x27b/0x3a0
   netlink_sendmsg+0x2aa/0x469
   sock_sendmsg_nosec+0x49/0x4d
   ____sys_sendmsg+0xe5/0x213
   __sys_sendmsg+0xec/0x157
   ? syscall_enter_from_user_mode+0xd7/0x116
   do_syscall_64+0x43/0x55
   entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x44/0xa9
  RIP: 0033:0x7fa99f6e689b
CVSS v3.1 score: 5.5
GHSA-g7wv-3422-j9xv 
Stack-based buffer overflow in an ActiveX control in ienipp.ocx in Novell iPrint Client 5.52 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a long argument to (1) the GetDriverSettings2 method, as reachable by (2) the GetDriverSettings method.
CVE-2024-37297 WooCommerce has a Cross-Site Scripting Vulnerability in checkout & registration forms
WooCommerce is an open-source e-commerce platform built on WordPress. A vulnerability introduced in WooCommerce 8.8 allows for cross-site scripting. A bad actor can manipulate a link to include malicious HTML & JavaScript content. While the content is not saved to the database, the links may be sent to victims for malicious purposes. The injected JavaScript could hijack content & data stored in the browser, including the session. The URL content is read through the `Sourcebuster.js` library and then inserted without proper sanitization to the classic checkout and registration forms. Versions 8.8.5 and 8.9.3 contain a patch for the issue. As a workaround, one may disable the Order Attribution feature.
CVSS v3.1 score: 5.4
CVE-2008-2872 
SQL injection vulnerability in default.asp in sHibby sHop 2.2 and earlier allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands via the sayfa parameter.
CVSS v2.0 score: 7.5
CVE-2026-18057 Events Manager < 7.4.1 - Subscriber+ Booking Consent Record Tampering via SQL Injection
The Events Manager  WordPress plugin before 7.4.1 does not sanitise and escape a user-controlled value before using it in a SQL statement, allowing users with a subscriber account and above to perform SQL injection attacks and tamper with booking consent records belonging to other people.
CVSS v3.1 score: 8.1
CVE-2026-39484 WordPress Hide My WP Ghost plugin < 7.0.00 - Open Redirection vulnerability
URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect') vulnerability in John Darrel Hide My WP Ghost hide-my-wp allows Phishing.This issue affects Hide My WP Ghost: from n/a through < 7.0.00.
CVSS v3.1 score: 4.7
GHSA-4h23-hj4v-f4xg 
FileZilla Client 3.63.1 contains a DLL hijacking vulnerability that allows attackers to execute malicious code by placing a crafted TextShaping.dll in the application directory. Attackers can generate a reverse shell payload using msfvenom and replace the missing DLL to achieve remote code execution when the application launches.
CVSS v4.0 score: 8.5
CVSS v3.1 score: 9.8
GHSA-w7v3-573j-vhr9 
An attacker can access to "Forgot my password" button, as soon as he puts users is valid in the system, the system would issue a message that a password reset email had been sent to user. This way you can verify which users are in the system and which are not.
CVSS v3.1 score: 4.3
CVE-2022-48492 
Configuration defects in the secure OS module.Successful exploitation of this vulnerability will affect availability.
CVSS v3.1 score: 7.5
RHSA-2025:9642 Red Hat Security Advisory: osbuild-composer security update
net/http: Request smuggling due to acceptance of invalid chunked data in net/http
CVSS v3.1 score: 5.4
GHSA-q74f-j88c-7g46 
An Exposed IOCTL with Insufficient Access Control vulnerability in AsusPTPFilter allows a local user to bypass driver security mechanisms and obtain restricted touchpad information or render the touchpad unusable via crafted IOCTL requests.Refer to the '
Security Update for ASUS Precision Touchpad ' section on the ASUS Security Advisory for more information.
CVSS v4.0 score: 2
GHSA-6vw2-wc98-v487 
APTIOV contains a vulnerability in BIOS where an attacker may cause an Out-of-bounds Write by local. Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may lead to data corruption and loss of availability.
CVSS v4.0 score: 5.9
CVSS v3.1 score: 7.8
GHSA-2c3m-5h4x-9w2g 
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:media: rc: fix races with imon_disconnect()Syzbot reports a KASAN issue as below:
BUG: KASAN: use-after-free in __create_pipe include/linux/usb.h:1945 [inline]
BUG: KASAN: use-after-free in send_packet+0xa2d/0xbc0 drivers/media/rc/imon.c:627
Read of size 4 at addr ffff8880256fb000 by task syz-executor314/4465CPU: 2 PID: 4465 Comm: syz-executor314 Not tainted 6.0.0-rc1-syzkaller #0
Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (Q35 + ICH9, 2009), BIOS 1.14.0-2 04/01/2014
Call Trace:
 <TASK>
__dump_stack lib/dump_stack.c:88 [inline]
dump_stack_lvl+0xcd/0x134 lib/dump_stack.c:106
print_address_description mm/kasan/report.c:317 [inline]
print_report.cold+0x2ba/0x6e9 mm/kasan/report.c:433
kasan_report+0xb1/0x1e0 mm/kasan/report.c:495
__create_pipe include/linux/usb.h:1945 [inline]
send_packet+0xa2d/0xbc0 drivers/media/rc/imon.c:627
vfd_write+0x2d9/0x550 drivers/media/rc/imon.c:991
vfs_write+0x2d7/0xdd0 fs/read_write.c:576
ksys_write+0x127/0x250 fs/read_write.c:631
do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/common.c:50 [inline]
do_syscall_64+0x35/0xb0 arch/x86/entry/common.c:80
entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x63/0xcdThe iMON driver improperly releases the usb_device reference in
imon_disconnect without coordinating with active users of the
device.Specifically, the fields usbdev_intf0 and usbdev_intf1 are not
protected by the users counter (ictx->users). During probe,
imon_init_intf0 or imon_init_intf1 increments the usb_device
reference count depending on the interface. However, during
disconnect, usb_put_dev is called unconditionally, regardless of
actual usage.As a result, if vfd_write or other operations are still in
progress after disconnect, this can lead to a use-after-free of
the usb_device pointer.Thread 1 vfd_write                      Thread 2 imon_disconnect
                                        ...
                                        if
                                          usb_put_dev(ictx->usbdev_intf0)
                                        else
                                          usb_put_dev(ictx->usbdev_intf1)
...
while
  send_packet
    if
      pipe = usb_sndintpipe(
        ictx->usbdev_intf0) UAF
    else
      pipe = usb_sndctrlpipe(
        ictx->usbdev_intf0, 0) UAFGuard access to usbdev_intf0 and usbdev_intf1 after disconnect by
checking ictx->disconnected in all writer paths. Add early return
with -ENODEV in send_packet(), vfd_write(), lcd_write() and
display_open() if the device is no longer present.Set and read ictx->disconnected under ictx->lock to ensure memory
synchronization. Acquire the lock in imon_disconnect() before setting
the flag to synchronize with any ongoing operations.Ensure writers exit early and safely after disconnect before the USB
core proceeds with cleanup.Found by Linux Verification Center (linuxtesting.org) with Syzkaller.
CVSS v3.1 score: 7.8
CVE-2022-48592 
A SQL injection vulnerability exists in the vendor_country parameter of the “vendor print report” feature of the ScienceLogic SL1 that takes unsanitized user‐controlled input and passes it directly to a SQL query. This allows for the injection of arbitrary SQL before being executed against the database.
CVSS v3.1 score: 8.8
CVE-2021-37232 
A stack overflow vulnerability occurs in Atomicparsley 20210124.204813.840499f through APar_read64() in src/util.cpp due to the lack of buffer size of uint32_buffer while reading more bytes in APar_read64.
CVSS v3.1 score: 9.8
CVSS v2.0 score: 7.5
GHSA-cghv-p6j4-5ch6 
The Realteo - Real Estate Plugin by Purethemes plugin for WordPress, used by the Findeo Theme, is vulnerable to authentication bypass in all versions up to, and including, 1.2.8. This is due to insufficient role restrictions in the 'do_register_user' function. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to register an account with the Administrator role.
CVSS v3.1 score: 9.8
CVE-2024-22208 phpMyFAQ sharing FAQ functionality can easily be abused for phishing purposes
phpMyFAQ is an Open Source FAQ web application for PHP 8.1+ and MySQL, PostgreSQL and other databases. The 'sharing FAQ' functionality allows any unauthenticated actor to misuse the phpMyFAQ application to send arbitrary emails to a large range of targets. The phpMyFAQ application has a functionality where anyone can share a FAQ item to others. The front-end of this functionality allows any phpMyFAQ articles to be shared with 5 email addresses. Any unauthenticated actor can perform this action. There is a CAPTCHA in place, however the amount of people you email with a single request is not limited to 5 by the backend. An attacker can thus solve a single CAPTCHA and send thousands of emails at once. An attacker can utilize the target application's email server to send phishing messages. This can get the server on a blacklist, causing all emails to end up in spam. It can also lead to reputation damages. This issue has been patched in version 3.2.5.
CVSS v3.1 score: 6.5
PYSEC-2025-160 
A vulnerability classified as problematic was found in Open Asset Import Library Assimp 5.4.3. This vulnerability affects the function MDLImporter::InternReadFile_Quake1 of the file code/AssetLib/MDL/MDLLoader.cpp. The manipulation of the argument skinwidth/skinheight leads to divide by zero. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The patch is identified as ab66a1674fcfac87aaba4c8b900b315ebc3e7dbd. It is recommended to apply a patch to fix this issue.
CVSS v3.1 score: 5.5
PYSEC-2026-99 
NLTK versions <=3.9.2 are vulnerable to arbitrary code execution due to improper input validation in the StanfordSegmenter module. The module dynamically loads external Java .jar files without verification or sandboxing. An attacker can supply or replace the JAR file, enabling the execution of arbitrary Java bytecode at import time. This vulnerability can be exploited through methods such as model poisoning, MITM attacks, or dependency poisoning, leading to remote code execution. The issue arises from the direct execution of the JAR file via subprocess with unvalidated classpath input, allowing malicious classes to execute when loaded by the JVM.
CVSS v3.0 score: 10
CVE-2016-2225 
The __read_etc_hosts_r function in libc/inet/resolv.c in uClibc-ng before 1.0.12 allows remote DNS servers to cause a denial of service (infinite loop) via a crafted packet.
CVSS v3.0 score: 7.5
CVSS v2.0 score: 5
PYSEC-2026-1936 
### Summary

The `CacheHandler` class creates a cache file to store the auth token here: https://github.com/spotipy-dev/spotipy/blob/master/spotipy/cache_handler.py#L93-L98

The file created has `rw-r--r--` (644) permissions by default, when it could be locked down to `rw-------` (600) permissions. I think `600` is a sensible default.

![image](https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/0b7ebbc1-a27a-4528-ab6a-135c7886766a)

### Details

This leads to overly broad exposure of the spotify auth token. If this token can be read by an attacker (another user on the machine, or a process running as another user), it can be used to perform administrative actions on the Spotify account, depending on the scope granted to the token.

### PoC

Run an application that uses spotipy with client creation like this:

```python
from pathlib import Path
import spotipy
from os import getenv

def create_spotify_client(client_id: str, client_secret: str) -> spotipy.Spotify:
    """Create and return an authenticated Spotify client.

    Args:
        client_id: Spotify API client ID
        client_secret: Spotify API client secret

    Returns:
        An authenticated Spotify client instance
    """
    cache_path = Path.home() / ".cache" / "spotify-backup/.auth_cache"
    cache_path.parent.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
    cache_handler = spotipy.cache_handler.CacheFileHandler(cache_path=str(cache_path))

    client = spotipy.Spotify(
        auth_manager=spotipy.oauth2.SpotifyOAuth(
            client_id=client_id,
            client_secret=client_secret,
            redirect_uri="http://localhost:8000/callback",
            cache_handler=cache_handler,
            scope=[
                "user-library-read",
                "playlist-read-private",
                "playlist-read-collaborative",
            ],
        )
    )

    return client

create_spotify_client()
```

And then check the file permissions on the cache file that was created with:

```bash
$ ls -la ~/.cache/spotify-backup/.auth_cache`
.rw-r--r--. alichtman alichtman 562 B Thu Feb 20 02:12:33 2025  /home/alichtman/.cache/spotify-backup/.auth_cache
```

If this issue is combined with another misconfiguration, like having `o+r` permissions set on your home directory, an attacker will be able to read this file and steal this auth token.

Good defense in depth would be to restrict read permissions on this cache file that contains an auth token

### Impact

Potential exposure of Spotify auth token to other users with access to the machine. A worst case scenario is if the token is granted all permissions, and can be used to do any of:

- exfiltrate spotify likes / saved playlists
- delete your content
- modify your content w/o your permission

If someone were to discover an RCE in Spotify that you could trigger on a machine by having a song played (or song metadata parsed or something), this auth token could maybe be used to add a song to a playlist, or control playback (allowing further exploitation).
CVSS v4.0 score: 8.4
CVE-2023-5620 Webpushr < 4.35.0 - Unauthenticated Stored XSS
The Web Push Notifications WordPress plugin before 4.35.0 does not prevent visitors on the site from changing some of the plugin options, some of which may be used to conduct Stored XSS attacks.
CVSS v3.1 score: 5.4
CVE-2018-11728 
The libfsntfs_reparse_point_values_read_data function in libfsntfs_reparse_point_values.c in libfsntfs through 2018-04-20 allows remote attackers to cause an information disclosure (heap-based buffer over-read) via a crafted ntfs file. NOTE: the vendor has disputed this as described in libyal/libfsntfs issue 8 on GitHub
CVSS v3.1 score: 5.5
CVSS v3.0 score: 5.5
CVSS v2.0 score: 1.9
GHSA-5m36-66x4-phpf 
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:spi: fsl-lpspi: Fix PM reference leak in lpspi_prepare_xfer_hardware()pm_runtime_get_sync will increment pm usage counter even it failed.
Forgetting to putting operation will result in reference leak here.
Fix it by replacing it with pm_runtime_resume_and_get to keep usage
counter balanced.
CVSS v3.1 score: 5.5
GHSA-vwfv-wx8q-xqpc 
The Google Authenticator WordPress plugin before 1.0.5 does not have CSRF check when saving its settings, and does not sanitise as well as escape them, allowing attackers to make a logged in admin change them and perform Cross-Site Scripting attacks
CVSS v3.1 score: 4.3
CVE-2006-5123 
Multiple PHP remote file inclusion vulnerabilities in Albrecht Guenther PHProjekt 5.1.x before 5.1.2 allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code via a URL in the (1) lib_path or (2) lang_path parameter in unspecified files, related to code changes intended to fix inclusion, a different vulnerability than CVE-2002-0451, CVE-2006-4204, and CVE-2006-4609.
CVSS v2.0 score: 7.5
GHSA-8rj5-wwmx-vj53 
Boa 0.94.13 allows remote attackers to obtain sensitive information via a misconfiguration involving backup.html, preview.html, js/log.js, log.html, email.html, online-users.html, and config.js.
CVSS v3.1 score: 7.5
GHSA-xgh6-mwxq-8jp5 
An issue was discovered in PONTON X/P Messenger before 3.11.2. Anti-CSRF tokens are globally valid, making the web application vulnerable to a weakened version of CSRF, where an arbitrary token of a low-privileged user (such as operator) can be used to confirm actions of higher-privileged ones (such as xpadmin).
CVSS v3.1 score: 8.8
RHSA-2024:5655 Red Hat Security Advisory: bind security update
bind: bind9: BIND's database will be slow if a very large number of RRs exist at the same nam bind9: bind: SIG(0) can be used to exhaust CPU resources
CVSS v3.1 score: 7.5
CVE-2022-29925 
Access of uninitialized pointer vulnerability exists in the simulator module contained in the graphic editor 'V-SFT' versions prior to v6.1.6.0, which may allow an attacker to obtain information and/or execute arbitrary code by having a user to open a specially crafted image file.
CVSS v3.1 score: 7.8
CVSS v2.0 score: 6.8
CVE-2025-12493 ShopLentor <= 3.2.5 - Unauthenticated Local PHP File Inclusion via 'load_template'
The ShopLentor – WooCommerce Builder for Elementor & Gutenberg +21 Modules – All in One Solution (formerly WooLentor) plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Local File Inclusion in all versions up to, and including, 3.2.5 via the 'load_template' function. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to include and execute arbitrary .php files on the server, allowing the execution of any PHP code in those files. This can be used to bypass access controls, obtain sensitive data, or achieve code execution in cases where .php file types can be uploaded and included.
CVSS v3.1 score: 9.8
CVE-2012-3345 
ioquake3 before r2253 allows local users to overwrite arbitrary files via a symlink attack on the /tmp/ioq3.pid temporary file.
CVSS v2.0 score: 5.6
CVE-2025-26972 WordPress PrivateContent plugin <= 8.11.5 - Reflected Cross Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability
Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting') vulnerability in NotFound PrivateContent. This issue affects PrivateContent: from n/a through 8.11.5.
CVSS v3.1 score: 7.1
CVE-2025-11898 Flowring Technology｜Agentflow - Arbitrary File Reading through Path Traversal
Agentflow developed by Flowring has an Arbitrary File Reading vulnerability, allowing unauthenticated remote attackers to exploit Relative Path Traversal to download arbitrary system files.
CVSS v4.0 score: 8.7
CVSS v3.1 score: 7.5
CVE-2022-50344 ext4: fix null-ptr-deref in ext4_write_info
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

ext4: fix null-ptr-deref in ext4_write_info

I caught a null-ptr-deref bug as follows:
==================================================================
KASAN: null-ptr-deref in range [0x0000000000000068-0x000000000000006f]
CPU: 1 PID: 1589 Comm: umount Not tainted 5.10.0-02219-dirty #339
RIP: 0010:ext4_write_info+0x53/0x1b0
[...]
Call Trace:
 dquot_writeback_dquots+0x341/0x9a0
 ext4_sync_fs+0x19e/0x800
 __sync_filesystem+0x83/0x100
 sync_filesystem+0x89/0xf0
 generic_shutdown_super+0x79/0x3e0
 kill_block_super+0xa1/0x110
 deactivate_locked_super+0xac/0x130
 deactivate_super+0xb6/0xd0
 cleanup_mnt+0x289/0x400
 __cleanup_mnt+0x16/0x20
 task_work_run+0x11c/0x1c0
 exit_to_user_mode_prepare+0x203/0x210
 syscall_exit_to_user_mode+0x5b/0x3a0
 do_syscall_64+0x59/0x70
 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x44/0xa9
 ==================================================================

Above issue may happen as follows:
-------------------------------------
exit_to_user_mode_prepare
 task_work_run
  __cleanup_mnt
   cleanup_mnt
    deactivate_super
     deactivate_locked_super
      kill_block_super
       generic_shutdown_super
        shrink_dcache_for_umount
         dentry = sb->s_root
         sb->s_root = NULL              <--- Here set NULL
        sync_filesystem
         __sync_filesystem
          sb->s_op->sync_fs > ext4_sync_fs
           dquot_writeback_dquots
            sb->dq_op->write_info > ext4_write_info
             ext4_journal_start(d_inode(sb->s_root), EXT4_HT_QUOTA, 2)
              d_inode(sb->s_root)
               s_root->d_inode          <--- Null pointer dereference

To solve this problem, we use ext4_journal_start_sb directly
to avoid s_root being used.
CVSS v3.1 score: 5.5
CVE-2026-25395 WordPress Business Roy theme <= 1.1.4 - Broken Access Control vulnerability
Missing Authorization vulnerability in ikreatethemes Business Roy business-roy allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects Business Roy: from n/a through <= 1.1.4.
CVSS v3.1 score: 4.3