List of Intel CPU microarchitectures
x86 microarchitectures

List of Intel CPU microarchitectures

Section Title: x86 microarchitectures
Table Section Text: None

Year	Micro-architecture	Pipeline stages	max. Clock	Tech process

1989	486 (80486)	3	100 MHz	1000 nm

1993	P5 (Pentium)	5	300 MHz	600 nm

1995	P6 (Pentium Pro; later Pentium II)	14 (17 with load & store/retire)	450 MHz	350 nm

1999	P6 (Pentium III) (Copper Mine)	12 (15 with load & store/retire)	1400 MHz	250 nm

2000	NetBurst (Pentium 4) (Willamette)	20 unified with branch prediction	2000 MHz	180 nm

2002	NetBurst (Pentium 4) (Northwood, Gallatin)	3466 MHz	130 nm

2003	Pentium M	10 (12 with fetch/retire)	2133 MHz	130 nm

2004	NetBurst (Pentium 4) (Prescott)	31 unified with branch prediction	3800 MHz	90 nm

2006	Intel Core	12 (14 with fetch/retire)	3000 MHz	65 nm

2007	Penryn	3333 MHz	45 nm

2008	Nehalem	20 unified (14 without miss prediction)	3600 MHz

Bonnell	16 (20 with prediction miss)	2100 MHz

2010	Westmere	20 unified (14 without miss prediction)	3730 MHz	32 nm

2011	Saltwell	16 (20 with prediction miss)	2130 MHz

Sandy Bridge	14 (16 with fetch/retire)	4000 MHz

2012	Ivy Bridge	4100 MHz	22 nm

2013	Silvermont	14-17 (16-19 with fetch/retire)	2670 MHz

Haswell	14 (16 with fetch/retire)	4400 MHz

2014	Broadwell	3700 MHz	14 nm

2015	Airmont	14-17 (16-19 with fetch/retire)	2640 MHz

Skylake	14 (16 with fetch/retire)	4200 MHz

2016	Goldmont	20 unified with branch prediction	2600 MHz

Kaby Lake	14 (16 with fetch/retire)	4500 MHz

2017	Coffee Lake	5000 MHz

Goldmont Plus	? 20 unified with branch prediction ?	2800 MHz

2018	Cannon Lake	14 (16 with fetch/retire)	3200 MHz	10 nm

Whiskey Lake	4600 MHz	14 nm

Amber Lake	4200 MHz

(2019)	Cascade Lake	? MHz

(2019)	Cooper Lake

(2019)	Ice Lake	10 nm

(2020)	Tiger Lake

(2021)	Alder Lake

(2022)	Meteor Lake	7 nm

Sentence(s)

Skylake microarchitecture of 14 nm was released in 2015.
Skylake 14 nm microarchitecture was released in 2015.
Skylake's 14 nm microarchitecture was released in 2015.

final_sentence: Skylake microarchitecture of 14 nm was released in 2015.
final_sentence: Skylake 14 nm microarchitecture was released in 2015.
final_sentence: Skylake's 14 nm microarchitecture was released in 2015.