List of rulers of Bavaria
Table of rulers
(Note: Here the numbering of the dukes is the same for all duchies, as all were titled Dukes of Bavaria, despite of the different parts of land and its particular numbering of the rulers.

List of rulers of Bavaria

Section Title: Table of rulers
Table Section Text: (Note: Here the numbering of the dukes is the same for all duchies, as all were titled Dukes of Bavaria, despite of the different parts of land and its particular numbering of the rulers.

Ruler	Born	Reign	Death	Ruling part	Consort	Notes

Otto III the Redhead	-	1117	1180-1183	11 July 1183	Bavaria	Agnes of Loon 1169 eleven children	In 1180 Frederick I, Holy Roman Emperor gave Bavaria to Otto I Wittelsbach, Duke of Bavaria of the House of Wittelsbach.

Agnes of Loon (regent)	1150	1183-1189	1191	Bavaria	Otto III the Redhead 1169 eleven children	Regent on behalf of her son, Louis I. She managed to secure the inheritance of her son.

Louis I the Kelheimer	Ludwig der KelheimerErmordungsszene in Johanneskirche(KlosterScheyern) Lkr Paffenhofen Oberbayern.JPG	23 December 1173	1189-1231	15 September 1231	Bavaria	Ludmilla of Bohemia 1204 one child	Son of Otto III. Louis obtained the Palatinate of the Rhine in 1214.

Otto IV the Illustrious	-	7 April 1206	1231-1253	29 November 1253	Bavaria	Agnes of the Palatinate 1222 Worms eleven children	Otto IV served also as Count Palatine of the Rhine. On Otto IV's death, Bavaria was divided between his sons.

Henry XIII	-	19 November 1235	1253-1290	3 February 1290	Lower Bavaria	Elizabeth of Hungary 1250 ten children	Son of Otto IV. After the partition of 1253, received Lower Bavaria.

Louis II the Strict	-	13 April 1229	1253-1294	2 February 1294	Upper Bavaria	Maria of Brabant 2 August 1254 (executed) no children Anna of Głogów 1260 two children Matilda of Austria 24 October 1273 four children	Son of Otto IV. After the partition of 1253, received Upper Bavaria.

Otto V	-	11 February 1261	1290-1312	9 November 1312	Lower Bavaria	Catherine of Austria January 1279 two children Anna of Głogów 18 May 1309 two children	Sons of Henry XIII, ruled jointly. In 1305 Otto became also King of Hungary and Croatia, as grandson of Béla IV of Hungary.

Louis III	9 October 1269	1290-1296	9 October 1296	Lower Bavaria	Isabella of Lorraine 1287 no children

Stephen I	14 March 1271	1290-1310	10 December 1310	Lower Bavaria	Judith of Świdnica-Jawor 1299 eight children

Matilda of Austria (regent)	-	1253	1294-1296	23 December 1304	Upper Bavaria	Louis II the Strict 24 October 1273 four children	Widow of Louis II. Regent on behalf of her sons.

Rudolph I the Stammerer	-	4 October 1274	1296-1317	12 August 1319	Upper Bavaria	Matilda of Nassau 1 September 1294 Nuremberg six children	Ruled jointly with his brother Louis IV. In 1317 Rudolph abdicated of his rights to his brother, who in 1328 was elected Holy Roman Emperor, and in 1340 reunited Bavaria.

Henry XIV the Elder	29 September 1305	1312-1339	1 September 1339	Lower Bavaria	Margaret of Bohemia 12 August 1328 two children	Sons of Stephen I (Henry XIV and Otto VI) and Otto V (Henry XV), ruled jointly.

Otto VI	3 January 1307	1312-1334	14 December 1334	Lower Bavaria	Richardis of Jülich 1330 one child

Henry XV the Natternberger	28 August 1312	1312-1333	18 June 1333	Lower Bavaria	Anna of Austria between 1326 and 1328 no children

John I the Child	29 November 1329	1339-1340	20 December 1340	Lower Bavaria	Anna of Upper Bavaria 18 April 1339 Munich no children	Left no male heirs, which allowed his cousin (and brother-in-law) Louis to reunite the Bavarian lands.

Louis IV the Bavarian	-	5 April 1282	1296-1340	11 October 1347	Upper Bavaria	Beatrice of Świdnica-Jawor 14 October 1308 six children Margaret II, Countess of Holland-Hainaut 26 February 1324 Cologne ten children	Co-ruled with his brother Rudolf I until 1317 — then alone. Louis IV was elected King of Germany in 1314.

1340-1347	Bavaria

Louis V the Brandenburger	LudwigI Wittelsbach Siegesallee.JPG	May 1315	1347-1349	18 September 1361	Bavaria	Margaret of Denmark 1324 no children Margaret, Countess of Tyrol 10 February 1342 Meran four children	The six sons of Louis IV, ruled jointly until 1349, when they divided the land: Louis V, Louis VI and Otto VII kept Upper Bavaria; William, Albert and Stephen Lower Bavaria.

1349-1361	Upper Bavaria

Louis VI the Roman	-	7 May 1328	1347-1349	17 May 1365	Bavaria	Cunigunde of Poland before 1349 no children Ingeborg of Mecklenburg-Schwerin 1360 no children

1349-1351	Upper Bavaria

Otto VII the Lazy	OttoV Faule Siegesallee.JPG	1340/42	1347-1349	15 November 1379	Bavaria	Catherine of Bohemia 19 March 1366 no children

1349-1351	Upper Bavaria

1375-1379	Bavaria-Landshut

Stephen II the Representative	-	1319	1347-1349	13 May 1375	Bavaria	Elisabeth of Sicily 27 June 1328 four children Margaret of Nuremberg 14 February 1359 three children

1349-1353	Lower Bavaria

1353-1375	Bavaria-Landshut

William I the Mad	-	12 May 1330	1347-1349	15 April 1389	Bavaria	Matilda of England 1352 London no children

1349-1353	Lower Bavaria

1353-1389	Bavaria-Straubing

Albert I	-	25 July 1336	1347-1349	13 December 1404	Bavaria	Margaret of Brzeg after 19 July 1353 Passau no children Margaret of Clèves 1394 Heusden no children

1349-1353	Lower Bavaria

1353-1404	Bavaria-Straubing

Albert II	Straubing-Karmelitenkirche-Grabmal-Albrecht-II-Detail.JPG	1368	1389-1397	21 January 1397	Bavaria-Straubing	Unmarried

Meinhard I	-	9 February 1344	1361-1363	13 January 1363	Upper Bavaria	Margaret of Austria 4 September 1359 Passau no children	Left no male descendants. After his death Upper Bavaria was divided between Bavaria-Landshut and Bavaria-Straubing.

Definitively annexed by Bavaria-Landshut (1/2) and Bavaria-Straubing (1/2)

Frederick I the Wise	1339	1375-1393	4 December 1393	Bavaria-Landshut	Anna of Neuffen 1360 one child Maddalena Visconti 2 September 1381 five children	Ruled jointly. Shared rule, until 1379, with their uncle Otto VII.

Stephen III the Magnificent	1337	1375-1392	26 September 1413	Bavaria-Landshut	Taddea Visconti 13 October 1364 two children Anna of Neuffen 16 January 1401 Cologne no children

1392-1413	Bavaria-Landshut-Ingolstadt

John II	1341	1375-1392	14 June/1 July 1397	Bavaria-Landshut	Catherine of Gorizia 1372 three children

1392-1397	Bavaria-Landshut-Munich

Henry XVI the Rich	Heinrich XVI. (Bayern) und Margarete von Österreich.JPG	1386	1393-1450	30 July 1450	Bavaria-Landshut	Margaret of Austria 25 November 1412 Landshut six children	Annexed Ingolstadt in 1445.

Ernest	-	1373	1397-1438	14 June/1 July 1397	Bavaria-Landshut-Munich	Elisabetta Visconti 26 January 1395 Pfaffenhofen an der Ilm four children	Ruled jointly.

William II	-	1375	1397-1435	12 September 1435	Bavaria-Landshut-Munich	Unmarried

William III	-	5 April 1365	1404-1417	31 May 1417	Bavaria-Straubing	Margaret of Burgundy 12 April 1385 Cambrai one child	Eldest son of Albert I.

Louis VII the Bearded	-	1368	1413-1443	1 May 1447	Bavaria-Landshut-Ingolstadt	Anne de Bourbon-La Marche 1 October 1402 two children Catherine of Alençon 1413 two children	Imprisoned by his son, who was allied with Henry XVI. Died in prison.

Jacqueline	-	15 July 1401	1417-1432	8 October 1436	Bavaria-Straubing	John, Dauphin of France 6 August 1415 The Hague no children John IV, Duke of Brabant 10 March 1418 The Hague (dubious annullment in 1422) no children Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester 7 March 1423 Hadleigh (secretly; dubious annullment in 1428) no children Frank van Borssele 1434 no children	Contested by her uncle, John III In 1432 abdicated of all her titles and lands. Straubing therefore was divided between its neighbours.

John III the Pitiless (opponent)	-	1374	1417-1425	6 January 1425	Bavaria-Straubing	Elizabeth I, Duchess of Luxembourg 11418 no children	Son of Albert I. Contested Jacqueline until his death 1425.

Definitively annexed by the remaining Bavarian duchies

Albert III	-	27 March 1401	1438-1460	29 February 1460	Bavaria-Landshut-Munich	Agnes Bernauer c.1432? (morganatic) no children Anna of Brunswick-Grubenhagen 22 January 1437 Munich ten children	Son of Ernest.

Louis VIII the Hunchback	1 September 1403	1443-1445	7 April 1445	Bavaria-Landshut-Ingolstadt	Unmarried	After his death Ingolstadt was annexed by Landshut.

Definitively annexed by Bavaria-Landshut

Louis IX the Rich	Amalia von Sachsen und Ludwig IX. (Bayern).JPG	23 February 1417	1450-1479	18 January 1479	Bavaria-Landshut	Amalia of Saxony 21 March 1452 Landshut four children

John IV	4 October 1437	1460-1463	18 November 1463	Bavaria-Landshut-Munich	Unmarried	Son of Albert III, ruled jointly with his brothers Sigismund and Albert IV.

Sigismund	-	26 July 1439	1460-1467	1 February 1501	Bavaria-Landshut-Munich	Unmarried	In 1467, Sigismund created a smaller duchy withits center in Dachau, but left no descendants, and this duchy was merged again in Bavaria-Munich after his death.

1467-1501	Bavaria-Landshut-Munich-Dachau

Definitively annexed by Bavaria-Munich

George I the Rich	-	15 August 1455	1479-1503	1 December 1503	Bavaria-Landshut	Hedwig of Poland 14 November 1475 Landshut five children	Left no male descendants at his death. His duchy was annexed to Bavaria-Munich, which reunited the Bavarian duchy.

Albert IV the Wise	-	15 December 1447	1460-1503	18 March 1508	Bavaria-Landshut-Munich	Kunigunde of Austria 3 January 1487 Munich seven children	Co-ruled with his brothers John IV and Sigismund. Reunited the duchy in 1503.

1503-1508	Bavaria

William IV the Steadfast	-	13 November 1493	1508-1550	7 March 1550	Bavaria	Jakobaea of Baden 5 October 1522 Munich four children	Sons of Albert IV, the last Bavarian pair of brothers ruling together.

Louis X	-	18 September 1495	1516-1545	22 April 1545	Bavaria	Unmarried

Albert V the Magnanimous	Albert V	29 February 1528	1503-1508	24 October 1579	Bavaria	Anna of Austria 4 July 1546 Regensburg seven children	Reunited the duchy in 1503. In 1506 Albert decreed that the duchy should pass according to the rules of primogeniture.

William V the Pious	William V	29 September 1548	1579-1597	7 February 1626	Bavaria	Renata of Lorraine 22 February 1568 Munich ten children

Maximilian I the Great	Maximilian I	17 April 1573	1597-1623	27 September 1651	Bavaria	Elisabeth of Lorraine 9 February 1595 Nancy no children Maria Anna of Austria 15 July 1635 Vienna two children	Son of William V. Maximilian I, was an ally of Emperor Ferdinand II in the Thirty Years' War.

Sentence(s)

Maximilian I, Elector of Bavaria, became the Duke of Bavaria.
In 1595, Maximilian I married Elisabeth (also known as Elizabeth of Lorraine) and became Duke of Bavaria in 1597.
In 1595, Maximilian I married Elizabeth of Lorraine and became Duke of Bavaria.

final_sentence: Maximilian I, Elector of Bavaria, became the Duke of Bavaria.
final_sentence: In 1595, Maximilian I married Elisabeth (also known as Elizabeth of Lorraine) and became Duke of Bavaria in 1597.
final_sentence: In 1595, Maximilian I married Elizabeth of Lorraine and became Duke of Bavaria.