Ianuarius
Dates
The Romans did not number days of a month sequentially from the 1st through the last day. Instead, they counted back from the three fixed points of the month: the Nones (5th or 7th, depending on the length of the month), the Ides (13th or 15th), and the Kalends (1st) of the following month.

Ianuarius

Section Title: Dates
Table Section Text: The Romans did not number days of a month sequentially from the 1st through the last day. Instead, they counted back from the three fixed points of the month: the Nones (5th or 7th, depending on the length of the month), the Ides (13th or 15th), and the Kalends (1st) of the following month.

Modern date	Roman date	status	Observances

Jan. 1	Kalendae Ianuariae	F	Consuls take office (from 153 BC) sacrifices to Aesculapius and Vediovis at their Tiber Island sanctuaries

2	ante diem IV Nonas Ianuarias	F

3	a.d. III Non. Ian.	C	day on which the three-day Compitalia most often began

4	pridie Nonas Ianuarias (abbrev. prid. Non. Ian.)	C	continuation of Compitalia on its most frequently observed date

5	Nonae Ianuariae	F	dies natalis of the shrine of Vica Pota on the Velia day on which Compitalia most often ended

6	ante diem VIII Idūs Ianuarias	F

7	a.d. VII Id. Ian.	C	supplication for Jupiter Sempiternus to commemorate the assumption of the fasces by Augustus (on the Feriale Cumanum, 4–14 AD) Circenses for Father Janus (after late-1st century AD)

8	VI Id. Ian.	C

9	V Id. Ian.	NP	AGONALIA for Janus at the Regia

10	IV Id. Ian.	EN

11	III Id. Ian.	NP	CARMENTALIA dies natalis of the cult of Juturna in the Campus Martius

12	pridie Idūs (abbrev. prid. Id.)	C

13	Idūs Ianuariae	NP	Ludi circenses for Jupiter Stator (after late-1st century AD)

14	ante diem XIX Kalendas Februarias	EN	some fasti of the early Principate mark January 14 as a dies vitiosus, a religiously defective day, because it was the birthday of Mark Antony

15	a.d. XVIII Kal. Feb.	NP	CARMENTALIA (XVI Kal. Feb. on the pre-Julian calendar)

16	XVII Kal. Feb.	C	supplication for Augustus on the day he received the title Augustus (Feriale Cumanum)

17	XVI Kal. Feb.	C

18	XV Kal. Feb.	C

19	XIV Kal. Feb.	C

20	XIII Kal. Feb.	C

21	XII Kal. Feb.	C

22	XI Kal. Feb.	C

23	X Kal. Feb.	C

24	IX Kal. Feb.	C	day on which the three-day Sementivae most often began sacrifices for the dies natalis of the emperor Hadrian (reigned 117–138 AD)

25	VIII Kal. Feb.	C	continuation of Sementivae on its most frequently observed date

26	VII Kal. Feb.	C	day on which Sementivae most often ended

27	VI Kal. Feb.	C	dies natalis of the Temple of Castor and Pollux (IV Kal. Feb. on the pre-Julian calendar)

28	V Kal. Feb.	C

29	IV Kal. Feb.	C

30	III Kal. Feb.	(day added to the month on the Julian calendar)

31	prid. Kal. Feb.	(day added to the month on the Julian calendar)

Sentence(s)

In the Roman Republic, consuls entered office at the beginning of the year; from 153 BC onward, on January 1.
On January 1 in the Roman Republic, consuls entered office at the beginning of the year; from 153 BC onward.
In the Roman Republic, consuls entered on January 1 from 153 BC onward.

final_sentence: In the Roman Republic, consuls entered office at the beginning of the year; from 153 BC onward, on January 1.
final_sentence: On January 1 in the Roman Republic, consuls entered office at the beginning of the year; from 153 BC onward.
final_sentence: In the Roman Republic, consuls entered on January 1 from 153 BC onward.