List of explorers
The following is a list of explorers. Their common names, countries of origin (modern and former), centuries when they were active and main areas of exploration are listed below.

List of explorers

Section Title:
Table Section Text: The following is a list of explorers. Their common names, countries of origin (modern and former), centuries when they were active and main areas of exploration are listed below.

Name	Modern (and former) nationality	Centuries	Main areas explored

Antonio de Abreu	Portuguese	16th	Indonesia

William Adams	English	17th	Japan

Diogo Afonso	Portuguese	15th	Northwest African coast

Charles Albanel	French	17th	Canada

Afonso de Albuquerque	Portuguese	16th	Asia

Buzz Aldrin	American	20th	The Moon

Pêro de Alenquer	Portuguese	15th/16th	Indian Ocean

Alexander the Great	Greek (Macedonian)	4th BC	Indus River, Hindu Kush

Jean Alfonse (João Afonso)	Portuguese-French	15th/16th	Indian Ocean, Southeast Asia, possibly Australia; Brazil, North America

Benedict Allen	English	20th/21st	various

Diego de Almagro	Spanish	16th	Peru, Chile

László Almásy	Hungarian	19th/20th	Africa

Francisco de Almeida	Portuguese	16th	India

Lourenço de Almeida	Portuguese	16th	Sri Lanka, India

Pedro de Alvarado	Spanish	16th	Mexico, Guatemala, Honduras

Francisco Álvares	Portuguese	16th	Ethiopia

Gonçalo Álvares	Portuguese	15th	Gough Island, Namibia

Jorge Álvares	Portuguese	16th	China

Mario Rigby	Turks and Caicos Islands	21st	Africa

Roald Amundsen	Norwegian	20th	South Pole, Antarctica, Northwest Passage

José Alberto de Oliveira Anchieta	Portuguese	19th	Gough Island

Charles John Andersson	Swedish	19th	Southern Africa

António de Andrade	Portuguese	16th/17th	India, Tibet

Fernão Pires de Andrade	Portuguese	16th	Ming China

Salomon August Andrée	Swedish	19th	Arctic

Roy Chapman Andrews	American	20th	China, Mongolia

Juan Bautista de Anza	Spanish	18th	California

Dominick Arduin	French	20th/21st	North Pole

Henryk Arctowski	Polish	20th	Antarctic, South America

Neil Armstrong	American	20th	The Moon

Ingólfur Arnarson	Norse	9th	Iceland

Vladimir Arsenyev	Russian	20th	Far East

Michael Asher	English	20th	Africa

Pêro de Ataíde	Portuguese	16th/17th	Indian Ocean

Vasco de Ataíde	Portuguese	16th/17th	India, Tibet

Vladimir Atlasov	Siberian Cossack	17th	Kamchatka Peninsula

François Xavier Aubry	French Canadian	19th	American Southwest

Väinö Auer	Finnish	20th	Tierra del Fuego and Patagonia

Pedro Menéndez de Avilés	Spanish	16th	Florida

Juan de Ayala	Spanish	18th	California

Lucas Vázquez de Ayllón	Spanish	16th	South Carolina

Diogo de Azambuja	Portuguese	15th	West African coast

George Back	English	19th	Canadian Arctic khoa

William Baffin	English	17th	Northwest Passage

Samuel Baker	English	19th	Africa

Vasco Núñez de Balboa	Spanish	16th	Panama, 'discovered' the Pacific Ocean

Robert Ballard	American	20th	deep sea wrecks, Titanic

Ann Bancroft	American	20th/21st	Arctic, Antarctic

Joseph Banks	English	18th	Newfoundland and Labrador, South Pacific

Hong Bao	Chinese	15th	South Asia, Southeast Asia, Middle East, East African coast

Giosafat Barbaro	Italian	15th	Black Sea, Near East

Duarte Barbosa	Portuguese	15th/16th	Indian Ocean, 1st circumnavigation

Pêro de Barcelos	Portuguese	15th/16th	North America

Afonso Gonçalves Baldaia	Portuguese	15th	Western Sahara

Jeanne Baré	French	18th/19th	Pacific Ocean

Willem Barentsz	Dutch	16th	Northeast Passage, Novaya Zemlya, Svalbard

Heinrich Barth	German	19th	Central and northern Africa

Robert Bartlett	Newfoundlander	20th	Arctic

George Bass	English	18th	Australia, Tasmania

Henry Walter Bates	English	19th	Amazon basin

Abu Abdullah Muhammad Ibn Battuta	Marinid	14th	Africa, Central Asia, China, Europe, Indian subcontinent, Middle East, Russia, Southeast Asia

Nicolas Baudin	French	18th	Australia

James Beckwourth	American	19th	Sierra Nevada (U.S.)

William Beebe	American	20th	deep sea

Pyotr Beketov	Russian	17th	Siberia

Gertrude Bell	English	19th/20th	Greater Syria Mesopotamia Asia Minor Arabia

Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen	Baltic German	19th	Antarctica

Joseph René Bellot	French	19th	Arctic

Móric Benyovszky	Hungarian	18th	northern Pacific Ocean

Vitus Bering	Danish	18th	Northern Pacific Ocean, Bering Strait, Alaska (North America)

Hiram Bingham III	American	20th	Machu Picchu, Peru

Laura Bingham	English	20th/21st	South America

Isabella Bird	English	19th/20th	North America Hawaii Japan Korea China Vietnam Singapore Malaysia India Persia Kurdistan Turkey Morocco

John Blashford-Snell	English	20th/21st	various

Adriaen Block	Dutch	17th	East Coast of the United States

Nellie Bly	American	19th/20th	trip around the world in 72 days

Juan Francisco de la Bodega y Quadra	Spanish	18th	Pacific Northwest

Benjamin Bonneville	American	19th	Oregon Country, Great Basin

Daniel Boone	American	18th	Kentucky, Appalachian Mountains

Vittorio Bottego	Italian	19th	Somalia

Adam Brand	German	17th	Russia, China

Pierre Savorgnan de Brazza	Italian-French	19th	Congo

Saint Brendan	Irish	6th	Atlantic Ocean, Iceland

Jim Bridger	American	19th	Western United States

William A. Brown	American	20th	Pacific Ocean

James Bruce	Scottish	18th	Algeria, the Middle East, Egypt

William S. Bruce	Scottish	20th	Antarctica

Jørgen Brønlund	Greenlandic	20th	Greenland

Étienne Brûlé	French	17th	Canada

Bungaree	Aboriginal Australian	18th/19th	Australian coasts

Lafayette Bunnell	American	19th	Yosemite Valley

Johann Ludwig Burckhardt	Swiss	19th	Middle East, Sudan

Robert O'Hara Burke	Irish	19th	Australia

Frederick Russell Burnham	American	19th/20th	Africa, Mexico

Richard Francis Burton	English	19th	East Africa

Thomas Button	Welsh	17th	Northwest Passage

José de Bustamante y Guerra	Spanish	18th	Pacific Ocean

Richard E. Byrd	American	20th	North Pole, Antarctica

Álvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca	Spanish	16th	Southwestern United States, Mexico, Argentina

John Cabot	Italian	15th	North American mainland (Canada)

Sebastian Cabot	Italian	15th	Northwest Passage (Canada), Río de la Plata, Paraná River (South America)

João Cabral	Portuguese	16th	Bhutan & Nepal

Pedro Álvares Cabral	Portuguese	15th/16th	Brazil, Madagascar

Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo	Portuguese	16th	California

Estêvão Cacella	Portuguese	16th	Himalayas

Alvise Cadamosto	Italian	15th	Cape Verde islands

Antoine de la Mothe Cadillac	French	18th	North America

René Caillié	French	19th	North Africa

Álvaro Caminha	Portuguese	15th	São Tomé and Príncipe islands

Pêro Vaz de Caminha	Portuguese	15th	Brazil

Alberto del Canto	Portuguese	15th/16th	Northwestern Mexico

Diogo Cão	Portuguese	15th	west coast of Africa (including the Congo River)

Hermenegildo de Brito Capelo	Portuguese	19th	African continent

John Carpini	Italian	13th	Central Asia, Mongolia

Juan Carrasco	Spanish	18th	Pacific Northwest

Kit Carson	American	19th	Rocky Mountains, California, Oregon, Great Basin

Jan Carstensz	Dutch	17th	New Guinea coast, Gulf of Carpentaria

Jacques Cartier	French	16th	St. Lawrence River

João de Castro	Portuguese	15th	India, Arabian Peninsula & Red Sea

René-Robert Cavelier de La Salle	French	17th	Mississippi embayment

Thomas Cavendish	English	16th	Virginia, Pacific coast of Central and South America

Merieme Chadid	Moroccan, French	20th/21st	Antarctica, South America, Asia, Astronomer

Paul Du Chaillu	French	19th	Africa

Harriet Chalmers Adams	American	19th/20th	South America, Asia, South Pacific

Samuel de Champlain	French	16th/17th	Quebec, Great Lakes

Chang Chun	Chinese	13th	Central Asia, Mongolia

Jean Chardin	French	17th	Persia, India

Semion Chelyuskin	Russian	18th	Great Northern Expedition

Vasily Chichagov	Russian	18th	Northern Sea Route

Aleksei Chirikov	Russian	18th	Great Northern Expedition

Fletcher Christian	English	18th	Polynesia

Boris Chukhnovsky	Russian	20th	Arctic

Hugh Clapperton	Scottish	19th	west and Central Africa

William Clark	American	19th	Western United States

Gonçalo Coelho	Portuguese	15th/16th	South American coast

Nicolau Coelho	Portuguese	15th	Brazil

Frank Cole	Canadian	20th	Sahara

Bartholomew Columbus	Italian (Genoese)	15th/16th	Hispaniola, The Antilles

Christopher Columbus	Italian (Genoese)	15th/16th	Bahamas, Caribbean, Central America, South America (Colombia and Venezuela)

Diego Columbus	Portuguese	16th	Hispaniola (Mainly Dominican Republic)

George Comer	American	19th/20th	Arctic

Niccolò Da Conti	Italian (Venetian)	15th	India, Southeast Asia

Frederick Cook	American	19th/20th	Arctic

James Cook	English	18th	Australasia, Oceania

Francisco Vásquez de Coronado	Spanish	16th	New Mexico

Diogo Álvares Correia	Portuguese	16th	Brazil

Gaspar Côrte-Real	Portuguese	16th	Newfoundland, Greenland

João Côrte-Real	Portuguese	15th	Azores, Newfoundland (Possible exploration of North America in 1473)

Miguel Côrte-Real	Portuguese	16th	Greenland, Newfoundland, Massachusetts

Hernán Cortés	Spanish	16th	Mexico

Juan de la Cosa	Spanish	15th/16th	Caribbean, South America

Thomas Coulter	Irish	19th	Mexico, Alta California

Jean Cousin	French	15th	Possibly the Americas around 1488. Possibly mouth of the Amazon River

Jacques-Yves Cousteau	French	20th	the deep sea

Pêro da Covilhã	Portuguese	15th/16th	India, Ethiopia

Tom Crean	Irish	20th	Antarctica

Andrew Croft	English	20th	Arctic

Tristão da Cunha	Portuguese	16th	Tristan da Cunha islands

Jeremy Curl	English/Irish	20th	African continent

William Healey Dall	American	19th	Alaska, Yukon

William Dampier	English	17th/18th	Australia, Panama, many other locations

Alexandra David-Néel	French-Belgian	20th	Tibet (Traveled to Lhasa)

Isaac Davis	Welsh	18th	Hawaii

John Davis	English	16th	East Indies, Falkland Islands

Wang Dayuan	Chinese	14th	Southeast Asia, Singapore

Semyon Dezhnev	Russian	17th	Siberia, Bering Strait (80 years before Vitus Bering)

Bartolomeu Dias	Portuguese	15th	Africa

Dinis Dias	Portuguese	15th	Northwest African coast

Diogo Dias	Portuguese	16th	Madagascar, Somalia

Pêro Dias	Portuguese	15th	African coast

Dicuil	Irish	8th	England, Scotland

Karl von Ditmar	Baltic German	19th	Kamchatka

Francis Drake	English	16th	Caribbean, Pacific Coast of North America

Gil Eanes	Portuguese	15th	Northwest African coast

Juan Sebastián Elcano	Spanish	16th	completed Ferdinand Magellan's circumnavigation

Francisco de Eliza	Spanish	18th	Strait of Juan de Fuca and Strait of Georgia

Lincoln Ellsworth	American	20th	Arctic and Antarctica

Franz Engel	German	19th	South America

Leif Eriksson	Norse Viking	11th	Vinland (Newfoundland) and North American mainland (Canada)

Erik the Red	Norse Viking	10th	Greenland

Pedro Escobar	Portuguese	15th	São Tomé and Príncipe islands

St Vincent Whitshed Erskine	British-South African	19th	Gazaland & Limpopo River

Eudoxus of Cyzicus	Greek	2nd BC	Indian Ocean, attempted circumnavigation of Africa

Euthymenes	Greek	6th BC	Northwest African coast

George Everest	Welsh	19th	India

Evliya Çelebi	Turkish	17th	Turkey, Egypt, Africa, Europe

Ahmad ibn Fadlan	Abbasid Caliphate	10th	Eastern Europe, Middle East, Russia, Scandinavia

João Álvares Fagundes	Portuguese	16th	Newfoundland and Nova Scotia

Edmund Fanning	American	18th/19th	Oceania

Percy Harrison Fawcett	English	20th	Amazon Rainforest

Álvaro Fernandes	Portuguese	15th	West African coast

Baltasar Fernandes	Portuguese	17th	Brazil

Duarte Fernandes	Portuguese	16th	Thailand

Juan Fernández	Spanish	16th	Juan Fernández Islands, Pacific Ocean

Salvador Fidalgo	Spanish	18th	Pacific Northwest

Sir Ranulph Fiennes	English	20th/21st	Arctic, Antarctica

Matthew Flinders	English	18th/19th	Australia, Tasmania

Alexander Forbes	Scottish	19th	California

Peter Forsskål	Finnish	18th	Arabian Peninsula

John Franklin	English	19th	Northwest Passage

Simon Fraser	Scottish	18th/19th	British Columbia

Lançarote de Freitas	Portuguese	15th	Northwest African coast

John C. Frémont	American	19th	Oregon Trail, Sierra Nevada

Marc-Joseph Marion du Fresne	French	18th	Oceania

Louis de Freycinet	French	19th	Western Australia, Oceania

Martin Frobisher	English	16th	Northwest Passage, Canada

Xu Fu	Chinese	3rd BC	Japan

Juan de Fuca	Greek-Spanish	16th	Strait of Juan de Fuca, Canada–United States border

Vivian Fuchs	English	20th	Antarctica

Alfons Gabriel	Austrian	20th	Iran

Yuri Gagarin	Soviet	20th	Earth orbit

Martín Galeano	Italian (Genoese)-Spanish	16th	Colombia

Dionisio Alcalá Galiano	Spanish	18th	Pacific Northwest

Juan Galindo	Spanish/Irish	19th	Mesoamerica (Mayan remains)

Estevão da Gama	Portuguese	16th	Trindade and Martim Vaz islands, Indian Ocean

João da Gama	Portuguese	16th	Hokkaido, Kuril islands, North Pacific, North America

Paulo da Gama	Portuguese	15th	sea route from Europe to India

Vasco da Gama	Portuguese	15th/16th	sea route from Europe to India

Pedro Sarmiento de Gamboa	Spanish	16th	Solomon Islands

Thomas Gann	Irish	19th/20th	Mesoamerica (Mayan remains)

Aleixo Garcia	Portuguese	16th	Brazil, Paraguay and Bolivia

Francisco García Jofre de Loaísa	Spanish	16th	Pacific Ocean

Francis Garnier	French	19th	Mekong River

Adrien de Gerlache	Belgian	19th/20th	Antarctica, Arctic

Romolo Gessi	Italian	19th	the Nile, Sudan

Humphrey Gilbert	English	16th	North America

Ernest Giles	Australian	19th	Central Australia

Diogo Gomes	Portuguese	15th	West African coast

André Gonçalves	Portuguese	15th/16th	Brazil

Antão Gonçalves	Portuguese	15th	West African coast

Lopes Gonçalves	Portuguese	15th	Atlantic Ocean

Binot Paulmier de Gonneville	French	15th/16th	Brazil (Santa Catarina)

James Augustus Grant	Scottish	19th	East Africa

João Grego	Portuguese	15th	African coast

Juan de Grijalva	Spanish	16th	Mexico, Nicaragua

Grigory Grumm-Grzhimaylo	Russian	19th-20th	Central Asia, Tuva, Far East

Gonzalo Guerrero	Spanish	16th	Yucatán Peninsula

Mikhail Gvozdev	Russian	18th	First Kamchatka Expedition, Great Northern Expedition

Charles Gwynn	Irish	19th/20th	Sudan

Niels Peter Høeg Hagen	Danish	20th	Greenland

Hanno the Navigator	Carthaginian	6th BC	West African coast

Hannu	Egyptian	21st/20th BC	East Africa

Gonzalo López de Haro	Spanish	18th	Pacific Northwest

Alfred Harrison	English	20th	Arctic

Dirk Hartog	Dutch	17th	Western Australian coast

Ahmed Pasha Hassanein	Egyptian	20th	Oweinat and the Sahara

Ferdinand Vandeveer Hayden	American	19th	Rocky Mountains and the Western United States

Zheng He	Chinese	15th	South Asia, Southeast Asia, Middle East, East African coast

Samuel Hearne	English	18th	North Canada, Arctic

Bruno de Heceta	Spanish	18th	Pacific Northwest

Sven Hedin	Swedish	19th/20th	Central Asia

Matthew Alexander Henson	American	20th	Arctic

Louis Hennepin	Belgian-French	17th	North American interior

Pedro de Heredia	Spanish	16th	Northern Colombia

Bjarni Herjulfsson	Norse Viking	10th	North America

William Lewis Herndon	American	19th	Amazon basin

Herodotus	Greek	5th BC	Near East, Middle East, North Africa

Thor Heyerdahl	Norwegian	20th	anthropological ocean voyages

Sir Edmund Hillary	New Zealander	20th	Mount Everest, Antarctica

Himilco the Navigator	Carthaginian	6th BC	Northwestern coast of Europe

Hippalus	Greek	1st BC	Indian Ocean

Clement Hodgkinson	English	19th	New South Wales (Australia)

Pelham Aldrich	English	19th/20th	Arctic

Emil Holub	Czech	19th	Africa

Robert Hottot	French	20th	Congo River

Cornelis de Houtman	Dutch	16th	sea route from Europe to Indonesia

Frederick de Houtman	Dutch	16th/17th	Western Australian coast

William Hovell	English	19th	Southern New South Wales

Du Huan	Chinese	8th	Central Asia, Middle East, East African coast

Henry Hudson	English	17th	Northwest Passage, Hudson River and Hudson Bay

Alexander von Humboldt	German	19th	Latin America, Siberia

Hamilton Hume	Australian	19th	Australian interior

James S. Hutchinson	American	20th	Sierra Nevada (U.S.)

Hyecho	Korean	8th	India, Persia and Central Asia

João Infante	Portuguese	15th	African coast

Helge Ingstad	Norwegian	20th	Newfoundland, Greenland, Alaska

James Irwin	American	20th	The Moon

Kurbat Ivanov	Siberian Cossack	17th	Siberia, Russian Far East, discoverer of Lake Baikal

Roberto Ivens	Portuguese	19th	African continent

Cristóvão Jacques	Portuguese	16th	Paraná River, Brazil, Uruguay, Argentina

James of Ireland	Irish	14th	Sumatra, China

Willem Janszoon	Dutch	17th	Australia (Queensland)

Anthony Jenkinson	English	16th	Russia, Persia

Louis Jolliet	French Canadian	17th	Mississippi River

Jørgen Jørgensen	Danish	18th/19th	Tasmania

Friar Julian	Hungarian	13th	Volga Bulgaria

Thorfinn Karlsefni	Icelandic	11th	Vinland

Johann Karl Ehrenfried Kegel	German	19th	Kamchatka

George Kennan	American	19th/20th	Russia

Edmund Kennedy	British-Australian	19th	Australian interior

Robert Kennicott	American	19th	Alaska, Siberia, Yukon and Northern Canada

Yerofey Khabarov	Russian	17th	Second Russian to explore the Amur region

Khashkhash Ibn Saeed Ibn Aswad	Andalusian	9th	Atlantic Ocean (possibly Americas)

Mary Kingsley	English	19th	Cameroon, Gabon, Congo, and other South West African regions

Eusebio Kino	Italian	17th/18th	Californias, Sonora and Arizona

Maria Klenova	Russian	20th	One of the founders of marine geology

Amyr Klink	Brazilian	20th	Antarctica

John Knight	English	17th	Greenland, Labrador

Ness Knight	South African	21st	South America, Namibia

Johan Peter Koch	Danish	20th	Greenland

Alexander Kolchak	Russian	20th	Russian Arctic

Ferdinand Konščak	Croatian	17th	Baja California Peninsula

Fyodor Konyukhov	Russian	20th/21st	circumnavigation, Explorers Grand Slam, pole of inaccessibility

Otto von Kotzebue	Baltic German	19th	Pacific Ocean

Pyotr Kozlov	Russian	20th	Mongolia, Tibet

Johann Ludwig Krapf	German	19th	Ethiopia, Kenya

Pyotr Krenitsyn	Russian	18th	Alaska, Aleutian Islands, Kamchatka Peninsula

Adam Johann von Krusenstern	Baltic German	19th	First Russian circumnavigation

Francisco de Lacerda	Portuguese	18th	Zambia

Juan Ladrillero	Spanish	16th	Chile

Alexander Gordon Laing	Scottish	19th	West Africa (Niger River and Timbuktu)

Pierre Martin de La Martinière	French	17th	Norway, Lapland, northern Russia, Novaya Zemlya, Greenland and Iceland

Richard Lemon Lander	Cornish	19th	West Africa (Niger and Benue Rivers)

Grigori Ivanovitch Langsdorff	Russian–German	19th	Brazil

Jean-François de Galaup, comte de La Pérouse	French	18th	Pacific Rim

Khariton Laptev	Russian	18th	Great Northern Expedition

Anthony de la Roché	English	17th	Antarctica

João Fernandes Lavrador	Portuguese	15th/16th	Labrador

Joseph N. LeConte	American	20th	Sierra Nevada (U.S.)

Albert von Le Coq	German	19th/20th	Central Asia

John Ledyard	American	18th	Australasia, Oceania, Russia

Miguel López de Legazpi	Spanish	16th	Philippines

Ludwig Leichhardt	German	19th	Australian interior

Jacob Le Maire	Dutch	17th	South Pacific (Cape Horn, Tonga Islands, Wallis and Futuna)

Gaspar de Lemos	Portuguese	15th	Brazil

Dragutin Lerman	Croatian	19th/20th	Congo

Mikhail Levashev	Russian	18th	Alaska, Aleutian Islands, Kamchatka Peninsula

Meriwether Lewis	American	18th/19th	Western United States

Sir Martin Lindsay, 1st Baronet	Scottish	20th	East Greenland

João de Lisboa	Portuguese	15th/16th	Indian Ocean, Brazil, Uruguay and Argentina

St. George Littledale	English	19th	Central Asia and North America

David Livingstone	Scottish	19th	Southern and East Africa

Louis-Philippe Loncke	Belgian	21st	Australia, the Andes and Iceland

Jim Lovell	American	20th	Outer Space

Alexander Mackenzie	Scottish Canadian	18th/19th	Canada

Ferdinand Magellan	Portuguese	15th/16th	1st circumnavigation, Philippines, Strait of Malacca, Indian Ocean

Jacques Mahu	French-Dutch	16th	Cape Verde islands

Alessandro Malaspina	Italian-Spanish	18th	Pacific Ocean

Teoberto Maler	German-Italian	19th	Mesoamerica (Mayan remains)

George Mallory	English	20th	Mount Everest

Lancelotto Malocello	Italian	13th/14th	Lanzarote (Canary Islands)

Albert Hastings Markham	British	19th	Arctic

Lourenço Marques	Portuguese	16th	Mozambique

Jacques Marquette	French	17th	Mississippi River

Álvaro Martins	Portuguese	15th	Newfoundland, Cape of Good Hope

Pedro Mascarenhas	Portuguese	16th	Indian Ocean, Diego Garcia

John Minor Maury	American	19th	Darién Gap

Douglas Mawson	Australian	20th	Antarctica

Robert McClure	Irish	19th	Arctic

Robert McCormick	British	19th	Arctic and Antarctic Oceans

Álvaro de Mendaña	Spanish	16th	Pacific Ocean

António Lopes Mendes	Portuguese	19th	Brazil, India

Cristóvão de Mendonça	Portuguese	16th	East Asia, Australasia

Pedro de Mendoza	Spanish	16th	South America

Jorge de Menezes	Portuguese	16th	Papua New Guinea

Archibald Menzies	Scottish	18th/19th	Pacific Ocean, circumnavigation

Alexander von Middendorff	Russian-Baltic German	19th	Siberia, Far East, Lapland, Fergana Valley

Ejnar Mikkelsen	Danish	20th	Greenland

Nicholas Miklouho-Maclay	Russian	19th	New Guinea

Thomas Mitchell	Scottish	19th	Australian interior

Richard Mohun	American	19th/20th	Congo Free State

Pierre Dugua, Sieur de Mons	French	16th/17th	North America

George Fletcher Moore	Irish	19th	Australia

John Moresby	English	19th	New Guinea coast

Ivan Moskvitin	Russian	17th	First European to reach the Sea of Okhotsk

António Mota	Portuguese	16th	Japan

Henri Mouhot	French	19th	South East Asia

Francisco Antonio Mourelle	Spanish	18th	Pacific Northwest and Pacific Ocean

Bimal Mukherjee	Indian	20th	circumnavigation

Ludvig Mylius-Erichsen	Danish	20th	Greenland

Gustav Nachtigal	German	19th	Africa

Naddoddur	Norse Viking	9th	Iceland

Nain Singh Rawat (Pundit Brothers)	Indian	19th	Tibet, Himalayas and Central Asia

Fridtjof Nansen	Norwegian	19th/20th	Arctic

José María Narváez	Spanish	18th	Pacific Northwest

Nearchus	Greek	4th BC	Arabian Sea, Persian Gulf

Nehsi	Egyptian	15th BC	Land of Punt

Arthur Henry Neumann	English	19th	Africa

Jean Nicolet	French	17th	Northwest Territory (United States)

Joseph Nicollet	French-American	19th	Mississippi and Missouri Rivers

Afanasiy Nikitin	Russian	15th	India

António Noli	Portuguese	15th	Cape Verde islands

Adolf Erik Nordenskiöld	Finnish	19th	Arctic

Tenzing Norgay	Nepalese	20th	Mount Everest

Fernão de Noronha	Portuguese	15th/16th	Atlantic Ocean

João da Nova	Galician-Portuguese	16th	Atlantic and Indian Oceans

Paulo Dias de Novais	Portuguese	16th	Angola

Kazimierz Nowak	Polish	20th	Africa

Sebastián de Ocampo	Spanish	16th	Caribbean, Gulf of Mexico

Odoric of Pordenone	Italian	14th	Persia, India and China

Peter Skene Ogden	Canadian	19th	Snake River country, Western United States

Alonso de Ojeda	Spanish	15th/16th	South America (north), Caribbean

Juan de Oñate	Spanish	16th	American Southwest

Francisco de Orellana	Spanish	16th	South America, Amazon River

Simone Orlandini	Italian	21st	Arctic, Tibet

Íñigo Órtiz de Retes	Spanish	16th	Papua New Guinea

John Oxenham	English	16th	Panama, Pacific Ocean

John Oxley	English	19th	Australia

Pedro Páez	Spanish	16th/17th	Ethiopia

Juan Pardo	Spanish	16th	Southeastern United States

Mungo Park	Scottish	18th/19th	West Africa (Niger River)

William Parry	English	19th	Arctic

James Ohio Pattie	American	19th	Western United States

Fiann Paul	Icelandic	21st	Arctic, Oceans

Nathaniel Pearce	English	19th	Ethiopia

Robert Peary	American	19th/20th	Arctic

Paul Pelliot	French	19th/20th	central Asia

Diogo Fernandes Pereira	Portuguese	15th/16th	Madagascar, Mascarenes (Réunion, Mauritius, and Rodrigues)

Duarte Pacheco Pereira	Portuguese	15th	Atlantic Ocean, Brazil

Bartolomeu Perestrelo	Portuguese	15th	Madeira Islands

Juan Pérez	Spanish	18th	Pacific Northwest

Maksim Perfilyev	Siberian Cossack	17th	Eastern Siberia, first Russian to reach Transbaikalia

Ivan Petlin	Siberian Cossack	17th	First Russian to reach China

Auguste Piccard	Swiss	20th	Earth's atmosphere, the deep sea

Jacques Piccard	Swiss	20th	the deep sea

Antonio Pigafetta	Italian (Venetian)	16th	Survived the 1st circumnavigation of the world

Zebulon Pike	American	19th	Louisiana Purchase (United States)

Alonso Alvarez de Pineda	Spanish	16th	Gulf Coast

Fernão Mendes Pinto	Portuguese	16th	India, Far East, Japan

Serpa Pinto	Portuguese	19th	Southern Africa

Martin Alonzo Pinzón	Spanish	15th	Caribbean

Vicente Yáñez Pinzón	Spanish	15th/16th	Caribbean, Brazil

Luís Pires	Portuguese	15th	abortive voyage to Brazil

Francisco Pizarro	Spanish	16th	Hispaniola, Panama, Peru

Fernão do Pó	Portuguese	15th	West African coast

Marco Polo	Italian (Venetian)	13th/14th	China, Mongol Empire, India

Juan Ponce de León	Spanish	15th/16th	Florida

Peter Pond	American	18th/19th	Canadian interior

Fedot Popov	Russian	17th	The first European expedition through the Bering Strait

António da Silva Porto	Portuguese	19th	Angola interior

Gaspar de Portolà	Spanish	18th	Alta and Baja California

Posidonius	Greek	1st BC	Gaul

Sydney Possuelo	Brazilian	20th/21st	Amazon

Panayotis Potagos	Greek	19th	Africa

Grigory Potanin	Russian	19th	Inner Asia

John Wesley Powell	American	19th	Western United States

Vassili Poyarkov	Russian	17th	First Russian explorer of the Amur region

Mandil Pradhan	Nepalese	21st	Himalayas

Gavriil Pribylov	Russian	18th	Pribilof Islands

Vasili Pronchishchev	Russian	18th	Great Northern Expedition

Maria Pronchishcheva	Russian	18th	The first female Arctic explorer

Nathaniel Hale Pryor	American	19th	western United States

Nikolai Przhevalsky	Russian	19th	Central Asia

Peter Puget	English	19th	Puget Sound

Pytheas	Greek	4th BC	Northern Europe

Zhang Qian	Chinese	2nd BC	Central Asia

Pedro Fernandes de Queirós	Portuguese	16th/17th	Oceania

Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada	Spanish	16th	From Santa Marta to the Bogotá savanna; quest for El Dorado

Hernán Pérez de Quesada	Spanish	16th	Caquetá, Colombia; quest for El Dorado

Manuel Quimper	Spanish	18th	Pacific Northwest

Emil Racoviță	Romanian	19th/20th	Antarctica

John Rae	Scottish Canadian	19th	Northwest Passage, Canadian Arctic

Sir Walter Raleigh	English	16th/17th	Virginia, Orinoco River

Knud Rasmussen	Danish	20th	Arctic

Piri Reis	Turkish	15th/16th	Mediterranean Sea

Matteo Ricci	Italian	16th	China

Arthur Rimbaud	French	19th	Horn of Africa (Abyssinia)

Luigi Robecchi	Italian	19th	Africa

Diogo Rodrigues	Portuguese	16th	Mascarene Islands

Nicholas Roerich	Russian	20th	Central Asia, Northeast Asia

Jacob Roggeveen	Dutch	18th	South Pacific (Easter Island)

Cândido Rondon	Brazilian	19th/20th	Brazilian interior (Amazon Basin)

James Clark Ross	English	19th	Arctic, Antarctic

Sir John Ross	Scottish	19th	Arctic

John Ross	Scottish Australian	19th	Northern Territory

William of Rubruck	Flemish	13th	Central Asia

Henry Russell	Irish	19th	Pyrenees

Ahmad ibn Rustah	Persian	10th	Russia, Scandinavia, Arabia

João de Sá	Portuguese	15th/16th	India, African coast

Álvaro de Saavedra	Spanish	16th	Papua New Guinea, Caroline Islands, Marshall Islands

Edward Sabine	Irish	19th	Arctic

Sacagawea	Lemhi Shoshone	18th/19th	Western United States

Anatoly Sagalevich	Russian	20th/21st	Explorer of the World Ocean, seabed at the North Pole

Kira Salak	American	20th/21st	Papua New Guinea, Mali, Bhutan

Alonso de Salazar	Spanish	16th	Marshall Islands, Pacific Ocean

Gadiel Sánchez Rivera	Peruvian	21st	Amazon, Lake Titicaca

Sándor Kőrösi Csoma	Hungarian	19th	Tibet

Yakov Sannikov	Russian	19th	New Siberian Islands

João de Santarém	Portuguese	15th	São Tomé and Príncipe islands

Gavril Sarychev	Russian	18th/19th	Sea of Okhotsk, Baltic Sea, Aleutian Islands

Martin Sauer	English	18th	Siberia, Alaska

Rabban Bar Sauma	Turco-Mongol	13th	Europe, Middle East

Johann Schiltberger	German	15th	Central Asia

Adolf Schlagintweit	German	19th	Central Asia

Eduard Schlagintweit	German	19th	Central Asia

Emil Schlagintweit	German	19th	Central Asia

Hermann Schlagintweit	German	19th	Central Asia

Robert Schlagintweit	German	19th	Central Asia

Ulrich Schmidl	German	16th	Río de la Plata

Willem Schouten	Dutch	17th	South Pacific (Cape Horn, Tonga Islands, Wallis and Futuna)

Georg August Schweinfurth	Baltic German	19th	East and Central Africa

Robert Falcon Scott	English	19th/20th	Antarctica (South Pole)

Scylax of Caryanda	Greek	6th BC	Indus River, Indian Ocean, Red Sea

Tibor Sekelj	Croat	20th	Argentina

Mirko and Stjepan Seljan	Croat	20th	Ethiopia, South America

Frederick Courtney Selous	English	19th	Africa

Symon Semeonis	Hiberno-Norman	14th	Jerusalem, Albania

Gomes de Sequeira	Portuguese	16th	Caroline Islands, Pacific Ocean

João Serrão	Portuguese	15th/16th	1st Circumnavigation (also later its co-captain general); commanded the ship Santiago in the Atlantic and the Concepcion across the Pacific, Strait of Malacca, Indian Ocean

Francisco Serrão	Portuguese	15th/16th	Indonesia

Ernest Shackleton	English-Irish	20th	Antarctica

Robert Barkley Shaw	English	19th	Central Asia

Eric Shipton	English	20th	Mount Everest, southern Patagonia

Tanaka Shōsuke	Japanese	17th	Mexico

Diogo Silves	Portuguese	15th	Azores

James Simpson	English	20th	North Greenland

Pêro de Sintra	Portuguese	15th	West African coast, Sierra Leone

Pierre-Jean De Smet	Belgian	19th	North America

Jedediah Smith	American	19th	Western United States, Rocky Mountains

John Smith	English	17th	North America

William Smith	English	19th	South Shetland Islands

Eugene Smurgis	Russian	20th	Arctic Ocean

J. Dewey Soper	Canadian	20th	Canadian Arctic

Hernando de Soto	Spanish	16th	Central America, Southern United States

Martim Afonso de Sousa	Portuguese	16th	Brazilian interior

John Hanning Speke	English	19th	East Africa

Hans Staden	German	16th	Brazil

Ed Stafford	English	21st	Amazon

William Grant Stairs	Canadian	19th	Central Africa

Henry Morton Stanley	Welsh	19th	East Africa

Vilhjalmur Stefansson	Icelandic Canadian	20th	Canadian Arctic

Marc Aurel Stein	Hungarian-British	19th/20th	Central Asia

John Lloyd Stephens	American	19th	Middle East, Mesoamerica (Mayan remains)

Paweł Strzelecki	Polish-British	19th	the Americas, Australia (Gippsland)

John McDouall Stuart	Scottish	19th	Australian Interior

Charles Sturt	British	19th	Australian Interior

Gardar Svavarsson	Swedish	9th	Iceland

Anders Svedlund	Swedish	20th	Oceans

Otto Sverdrup	Norwegian	19th/20th	Arctic

Ignacije Szentmartony	Croat	18th	Amazon River

Abel Tasman	Dutch	17th	Australasia, including Tasmania

António Raposo Tavares	Portuguese	17th	Paraguay River, part of the Andes mountain range, Grande River, Mamoré River, Madeira River, Amazon River (Brazil, Paraguay, Bolivia) Union of La Plata Basin to the Amazon River - circumnavigation of Brazil.

Jean-Baptiste Tavernier	French	17th	Persia, India

Mikhail Tebenkov	Russian	19th	Alaska, Aleutian Islands, Amur River

Pedro Teixeira	Portuguese	17th	Amazon River

Tristão Vaz Teixeira	Portuguese	15th	Madeira Islands

Wilfred Thesiger	English	20th	Africa, Middle East

David Thompson	Welsh-English	18th/19th	Western Canada, Pacific Northwest

Guðríður Þorbjarnardóttir	Icelandic	11th	North America

Harold William Tilman	English	20th	Himalayas, Patagonia

Yermak Timofeyevich	Russian	16th	Siberia

Gherman Titov	Russian	20th	First person to orbit the Earth multiple times

Tenjiku Tokubei	Japanese	17th	South East Asia, India

Eduard Toll	Baltic German	19th	Arctic

Luis Váez de Torres	Spanish Galician	16th/17th	Australasia

Nuno Tristão	Portuguese	15th	West African coast, Guinea-Bissau

Petrus Johannes Truter	Dutch	19th	Bechuanaland

Hasekura Tsunenaga	Japanese	17th	Mexico, Europe

Benjamin of Tudela	Jewish Navarrese	12th	Mediterranean Sea, Arabian Peninsula, Red Sea, Persian Gulf

Andrés de Urdaneta	Spanish	16th	Pacific Ocean, Manila Galleon route

Jules Dumont d'Urville	French	19th	Antarctica

Cayetano Valdés y Flores	Spanish	18th	Pacific Northwest

George Vancouver	English	18th	Pacific coast of North America

Ludovico di Varthema	Italian	15th/16th	Arabian Peninsula, Indian Ocean, Southeast Asia

Gonçalo Velho	Portuguese	15th	Azores

François de La Vérendrye	French Canadian	18th	Western Canada

Louis-Joseph Gaultier de La Vérendrye	French Canadian	18th	Great Plains

Pierre Gaultier de Varennes, sieur de La Vérendrye	French	18th	Great Plains

Giovanni da Verrazzano	Italian	16th	East Coast of the United States

Amerigo Vespucci	Italian	15th/16th	Eastern South American coast, Caribbean

Flóki Vilgerðarson	Norse Viking	9th	Iceland

Ruy López de Villalobos	Spanish	16th	Pacific Ocean, Philippines

Vandino and Ugolino Vivaldi	Italian	13th	Africa, in a failed attempt to reach India

Sebastián Vizcaíno	Spanish	16th	Northwest Pacific, California Coast

Willem de Vlamingh	Dutch	17th	Southwest Australian coast

Maarten Gerritsz Vries	Dutch	17th	Northwest Pacific (Hokkaido, Sakhalin)

Lionel Wafer	Welsh	17th	Malay Archipelago, Isthmus of Panama

Jean-Frédéric Waldeck	French	19th	Mesoamerica (Mayan remains)

Thomas Walker	American	18th	Eastern United States

Gino Watkins	English	20th	East Greenland & Labrador

Langdon Warner	American	20th	the Silk Road

Alfred Wegener	German	20th	Greenland

John White	English	15th	Roanoke Island

Jim Whittaker	American	20th	Mount Everest, Antarctica

Frederick Whymper	English	19th	Alaska, Kamchatka, Yukon

Charles Wilkes	American	19th	Pacific Ocean

Edward Adrian Wilson	English	19th/20th	Antarctica

Ernest Henry Wilson	English	19th/20th	East Asia, East Africa, Central and South America, Australia, New Zealand

James Wilson	British	18th	Pacific Islands

Thomas Braidwood Wilson	Scottish Australian	19th	Australia

Harry de Windt	French	19th/20th	Eurasia

Fanny Bullock Workman	American	19th/20th	Himalaya

Ferdinand von Wrangel	Baltic German	19th	Northern Russia

Xuanzang	Chinese	7th	Indian subcontinent, Central Asia

John Young	Scottish-English	18th	Hawaii

Sir Francis Younghusband	British	19th/20th	Central Asia

João Gonçalves Zarco	Portuguese	15th	Madeira Islands

Gonzalo García Zorro	Spanish	16th	Colombia

Sentence(s)

Sebastian Cabot was an Italian explorer.
Sebastian Cabot was an Italian explorer.
Sebastian Cabot was an Italian explorer.

final_sentence: Sebastian Cabot was an Italian explorer.
final_sentence: Sebastian Cabot was an Italian explorer.
final_sentence: Sebastian Cabot was an Italian explorer.