List of Roman emperors
284–364: Tetrarchy and Constantinian dynasty

List of Roman emperors

Section Title: 284–364: Tetrarchy and Constantinian dynasty
Table Section Text: None

Portrait	Name	Birth	Succession	Reign	Time in office	Death

-	Diocletian IMPERATOR CAESAR CAIVS AVRELIVS VALERIVS DIOCLETIANVS AVGVSTVS (EAST and WEST) then, after 286 (EAST)	c. December 22, 244, Salona	Proclaimed emperor by army after death of Numerian, and in opposition to Carinus; adopted Maximian as senior co-emperor in 286	November 20, 284 – May 1, 305	20 years, 5 months and 11 days	3 December 311 (aged 67) Abdicated; died of natural causes in Aspalatos

-	Maximian IMPERATOR CAESAR MARCVS AVRELIVS VALERIVS MAXIMIANVS HERCVLIVS AVGVSTVS (WEST)	c. 250, near Sirmium, Pannonia	Adopted as senior co-emperor ('Augustus') in the west by Diocletian in 286	April 1, 286 – May 1, 305	19 years and 1 month	310 (aged 60) Abdicated with Diocletian; twice tried to regain throne with, and then from Maxentius; captured by Constantine I and committed suicide at his behest

-	Galerius IMPERATOR CAESAR GAIVS GALERIVS VALERIVS MAXIMIANVS AVGVSTVS (EAST)	c. 250, Felix Romuliana, Moesia Superior	Adopted as junior co-emperor ('Caesar') and heir by Diocletian in 293. Also son-in-law of Diocletian.	May 1, 305 – May 311	6 years	311 (aged 61) Natural causes

-	Constantius Chlorus IMPERATOR CAESAR MARCVS FLAVIVS VALERIVS CONSTANTIVS HERCVLIVS AVGVSTVS (WEST)	March 31, c. 250, Dardania, Moesia	Adopted as junior co-emperor ('Caesar') and heir by Maximian in 293	May 1, 305 – July 25, 306	1 year, 2 months and 24 days	306 (aged 56) Natural causes

-	Valerius Severus IMPERATOR CAESAR FLAVIVS VALERIVS SEVERVS AVGVSTVS (WEST)	?	Adopted as junior co-emperor ('Caesar') and heir by Constantius Chlorus in 305; succeeded as Augustus in 306; opposed by Maxentius and Constantine I	Summer 306 – March/ April 307	1 year	September 16, 307 (aged ?) Captured by Maxentius and forced to commit suicide (or murdered)

-	Constantine the Great IMPERATOR CAESAR FLAVIVS VALERIVS AVRELIVS CONSTANTINVS AVGVSTVS (WEST) then, after 324 (EAST and WEST)	February 27, c. 272, Naissus, Moesia Superior	Son of Constantius I Chlorus, proclaimed emperor by his father's troops; accepted as Caesar (west) by Galerius in 306; promoted to Augustus (west) in 307 by Maximian after death of Severus II; refused relegation to Caesar in 309	July 25, 306 – May 22, 337	30 years, 9 months and 27 days	May 22, 337 (aged 65) Natural causes

-	Maxentius IMPERATOR CAESAR MARCVS AVRELIVS VALERIVS MAXENTIVS AVGVSTVS (WEST)	c. 278	Son of Maximian, seized power in 306 after death of Constantius I Chlorus, in opposition to Severus and Constantine I; made Caesar (west) by Maximian in 307 after the death of Severus	October 28, 306 – October 28, 312	6 years	October 28, 312 (aged 34) Died at the Battle of the Milvian Bridge, against Constantine I

-	Licinius I IMPERATOR CAESAR CAIVS VALERIVS LICINIANVS LICINIVS AVGVSTVS (EAST) with Valerius Valens AVRELIVS VALERIVS VALENS and Martinian SEXTVS MARCIVS MARTININANVS	c. 250, Felix Romuliana, Moesia Superior	Son-in-law of Constantius Chlorus, appointed Augustus in the west by Galerius in 308, in opposition to Maxentius; became Augustus in the east in 311 after the death of Galerius (shared with Maximinus II); defeated Maximinus II in civil war to become sole eastern Augustus in 313; appointed Valerius Valens in 317, and Martinian in 324 as western Augustus, in opposition to Constantine, both being executed within weeks.	November 11, 308 – September 18, 324	15 years, 10 months and 7 days	325 (aged 61/62) Defeated in civil war against Constantine I in 324 and captured; executed on the orders of Constantine the next year

-	Maximinus II IMPERATOR CAESAR CAIVS CALERIVS VALERIVS MAXIMINVS AVGVSTVS (EAST)	November 20, c. 270, Dacia Aureliana	Nephew of Galerius, adopted as Caesar and his heir in 305; succeeded as Augustus (shared with Licinius I) in 311	May 1, 311 – July/August 313	2 years	July/August 313 (aged 42) Defeated in civil war against Licinius; probably committed suicide thereafter

-	Constantine II IMPERATOR CAESAR FLAVIVS CLAVDIVS CONSTANTINVS AVGVSTVS (WEST)	316, Arelate, Gallia Narbonensis	Son of Constantine I; appointed Caesar in 317, succeeded as joint Augustus with his brothers Constantius II and Constans I	May 22, 337 – 340	3 years	340 (aged 24) Died in battle against Constans I

-	Constantius II IMPERATOR CAESAR FLAVIVS IVLIVS CONSTANTIVS AVGVSTVS (EAST) then, after 356 (EAST and WEST)	August 7, 317, Sirmium, Pannonia	Son of Constantine I; succeeded as joint Augustus with his brothers Constantine II and Constans I; sole emperor from 350	May 22, 337 – November 3, 361	24 years, 5 months and 12 days	361 (aged 44) Natural causes

-	Constans I IMPERATOR CAESAR FLAVIVS IVLIVS CONSTANS AVGVSTVS (MIDDLE) then, after 340 (WEST)	c. 323	Son of Constantine I; succeeded as joint Augustus with his brothers Constantine II and Constantius II	May 22, 337 – 350	13 years	350 (aged 27) Assassinated on the orders of the usurper Magnentius

-	Vetranio IMPERATOR CAESAR FLAVIVS VETRANIO AVGVSTVS (WEST)	?, Moesia	General of Constans, proclaimed Caesar against Magnentius and temporarily accepted as Augustus of the west by Constantius II.	March 1, 350 – December 25, 350	9 months and 24 days	c. 356 (aged ?) As a private citizen, after abdication.

-	Julian IMPERATOR CAESAR FLAVIVS CLAVDIVS IVLIANVS AVGVSTVS (WEST) then, after 361 (EAST and WEST)	331/332, Constantinople, Thracia	Cousin of Constantius II; made Caesar of the west in 355; proclaimed Augustus by his troops in 360; sole emperor after the death of Constantius	February 360 – June 26, 363	3 years	June 26, 363 (aged 31/32) Mortally wounded in battle

-	Jovian IMPERATOR CAESAR FLAVIVS IOVIANVS AVGVSTVS (EAST and WEST)	331, Singidunum, Moesia	General of Julian's army; proclaimed emperor by the troops on Julian's death	June 26, 363 – February 17, 364	7 months and 22 days	February 17, 364 (aged 33) Natural causes (suffocated on fumes)

Sentence(s)

Valerius Valens was the Roman Emperor.
Valerius Valens was the Roman Emperor.
Valerius Valens was an Roman Emperor in 317.

final_sentence: Valerius Valens was the Roman Emperor.
final_sentence: Valerius Valens was the Roman Emperor.
final_sentence: Valerius Valens was an Roman Emperor in 317.