Blessed sword and hat
Recipients

Blessed sword and hat

Section Title: Recipients
Table Section Text: None

Year of blessing	Year of bestowal	Pope	Recipient	Notes	Reference

1202	Innocent III	William the Lion, king of Scots	Disputed	Burns 1969, pp. 161–162

1204	Innocent III	Peter II, king of Aragon	Disputed	Burns 1969, pp. 151, 162

1347	1347	Clement VI	Charles IV, emperor of the Holy Roman Empire	Uncertain	Burns 1969, p. 161

1365	1365	Urban V	Louis I, duke of Anjou	Presented personally	Müntz 1889, p. 409; Warmington 2000, p. 109

1366	1366	Urban V	John I, count of Armagnac	Presented personally	Müntz 1889, p. 409

1371	1371	Gregory XI	Louis I, duke of Anjou (again)	Presented personally	Müntz 1889, pp. 409–410

1386	1386	Urban VI	Fortiguerra Fortiguerri, gonfaloniere of the Republic of Lucca	Burns 1969, p. 160; Pinti 2001, p. 3

1419	Martin V	Charles, dauphin of France (future King Charles VII)	Uncertain	Warmington 2000, p. 109

1422	Martin V	Louis III, king of Naples	Warmington 2000, p. 109

1432	Eugene IV	Vladislaus II Jagiełło, king of Poland	Disputed	Lileyko 1987, p. 123

1434	Eugene IV	Republic of Florence	Müntz 1890, p. 281

1443	Eugene IV	Vladislaus III, king of Poland and Hungary	Probably lost in the Battle of Varna	Warmington 2000, p. 110; Lileyko 1987, p. 123

1446	Eugene IV	John II, king of Castile	Oldest preserved blessed sword, at the Royal Palace of Madrid, Spain	Warmington 2000, p. 110; Lileyko 1987, p. 123

1449	1450	Nicholas V	Francesco Foscari, doge of Venice	Blade preserved at the Doge's Palace in Venice, Italy	Warmington 2000, p. 110; Pinti 2001, p. 4

1450	1450	Nicholas V	Albert VI, archduke of Austria	Warmington 2000, p. 110; Pinti 2001, p. 7

1454	Nicholas V	Count of Sant'Angelo, ambassador of Naples	Presented personally	Warmington 2000, p. 110

1454	1455	Nicholas V	Ludovico Bentivoglio, ambassador of Bologna	Sword and scabbard preserved at the Medieval Museum of Bologna, Italy	Müntz 1890, p. 283; Pinti 2001, pp. 4, 19

1456	1457	Calixtus III	Charles VII, king of France	Warmington 2000, pp. 123–128

1457	1458	Calixtus III	Henry IV, king of Castile	Blade preserved at the Royal Palace of Madrid, Spain	Warmington 2000, pp. 123–128; Müntz 1890, p. 284

1458	1459	Pius II	Frederick III, emperor of the Holy Roman Empire	Warmington 2000, pp. 123–128

1459	1460	Pius II	Albert III Achilles, margrave of Brandenburg-Ansbach	Presented personally at the Council of Mantua. The sword later became the Electoral Sword (Kurschwert) of Brandenburg, preserved at the Charlottenburg Palace in Berlin, Germany	Warmington 2000, pp. 123–128; Kühn 1967

1460	1461	Pius II	Philip the Good, duke of Burgundy	Warmington 2000, pp. 123–128

1461	1462	Pius II	Louis XI, king of France	Warmington 2000, pp. 123–128

1462	1463	Pius II	Cristoforo Moro, doge of Venice	Blade preserved at the Doge's Palace in Venice, Italy	Warmington 2000, pp. 123–128; Pinti 2001, p. 4

1466	1466	Pius II	Skanderbeg, lord of Albania	Presented personally	Warmington 2000, pp. 123–128

1467 or 1469	Paul II	Henry IV, king of Castile	Warmington 2000, pp. 123–128

1468	1468	Paul II	Frederick III, emperor of the Holy Roman Empire	Presented personally	Warmington 2000, pp. 123–128

1470	1471	Paul II	Matthias Corvinus, king of Hungary	Warmington 2000, pp. 123–128

1471	Paul II	Borso d'Este, duke of Ferrara	Presented personally	Warmington 2000, pp. 123–128

1474	1475	Sixtus IV	Philibert I, duke of Savoy	Warmington 2000, pp. 123–128

1477	1477	Sixtus IV	Alfonso, duke of Calabria (future King Alfonso II of Naples)	Presented personally	Warmington 2000, pp. 123–128

1480	1480	Sixtus IV	Federico da Montefeltro, duke of Urbino	Warmington 2000, pp. 123–128

1481	1482	Sixtus IV	Edward IV, king of England	Warmington 2000, pp. 123–128

1482	1482	Sixtus IV	Alfonso, duke of Calabria (future King Alfonso II of Naples, again)	Presented personally	Warmington 2000, pp. 123–128

1484	1484	Innocent VIII	Francesco of Aragon, ambassador of Naples	Presented personally	Warmington 2000, pp. 123–128

Between 1484 and 1492	Innocent VIII	Ferdinand II, king of Aragon	Warmington 2000, pp. 123–128

1486	1486	Innocent VIII	Enea López de Mendoza, count of Tendilla, ambassador of Castile and Aragon	Presented personally	Warmington 2000, pp. 123–128

1488	1488	Innocent VIII	Giovanni Giacomo Trivulzio, general of the ecclesiastical army	Presented personally	Warmington 2000, pp. 123–128

1491	1491	Innocent VIII	William III, landgrave of Hesse	Presented personally	Warmington 2000, pp. 123–128

1492	1492	Alexander VI	Frederick, crown prince of Naples (future King Frederick IV)	Presented personally	Warmington 2000, pp. 123–128

1493	1494	Alexander VI	Maximilian I, king of the Romans	Warmington 2000, pp. 123–128

1494	1494	Alexander VI	Ferdinand, duke of Calabria	Presented personally	Warmington 2000, pp. 123–128

1496	1497	Alexander VI	Philip the Fair, archduke of Austria	Warmington 2000, pp. 123–128

1497	1497	Alexander VI	Bogislaw X, duke of Pomerania	Presented personally. Used as part of ducal insignia by subsequent dukes of Pomerania.	Warmington 2000, pp. 123–128; Lileyko 1987, p. 124

1498	1499	Alexander VI	Louis XII, king of France	Warmington 2000, pp. 123–128

1500	Alexander VI	Cesare Borgia, duke of Valentinois, pope's son	Sword and scabbard preserved	Burns 1969, p. 163

1501	1502	Alexander VI	Alfonso d'Este, heir to the Duchy of Ferrara, pope's son-in-law	Warmington 2000, pp. 123–128

1506	1507	Julius II	James IV, king of Scots	The sword later became the Scottish Sword of State, preserved, together with its scabbard and belt in Edinburgh Castle, Scotland	Burns 1969, pp. 172–173

1508	1509	Julius II	Vladislaus II, king of Bohemia and Hungary	Sword preserved at the Hungarian National Museum in Budapest, Hungary	Lileyko 1987, p. 123; Burns 1969, p. 174

1510	1511	Julius II	Switzerland	Sword preserved at the Swiss National Museum in Zurich	Burns 1969, p. 174; Pinti 2001, p. 4

1513	Leo X	Henry VIII, king of England	Burns 1969, p. 180

1514	Leo X	Manuel I, king of Portugal	Burns 1969, p. 180

1515	Leo X	Republic of Florence (again)	Burns 1969, p. 180

1516	Leo X	Francis I, king of France	Uncertain	Burns 1969, p. 180

1517	Leo X	Maximilian I, emperor of the Holy Roman Empire	Uncertain	Burns 1969, p. 180

1525	Clement VII	Sigismund I, king of Poland	Lost before 1669	Lileyko 1987, p. 124

1529	Clement VII	Charles V, emperor of the Holy Roman Empire	Blade preserved at the Royal Palace of Madrid, Spain	Pinti 2001, p. 12

1536	1537	Paul III	James V, king of Scots	Lost between 1542 and 1556	Burns 1969, pp. 181–183

1540	Paul III	Sigismund II Augustus, king of Poland	Lost after 1795	Lileyko 1987, p. 124

1550	Paul III	Philip, prince of Asturias (future King Philip II of Spain)	Blade preserved at the Royal Palace of Madrid, Spain	Pinti 2001, p. 12

1555	1558	Paul IV	Ercole II d'Este, duke of Ferrara	Sword preserved at the Konopiště Castle in Benešov, Czech Republic	Pinti 2001, pp. 12, 30

1560	Pius IV	Philip II, king of Spain (again)	Blade preserved at the Royal Palace of Madrid, Spain	Pinti 2001, p. 12

1563	Pius IV	Carlos, prince of Asturias	Blade preserved at the Royal Palace of Madrid, Spain	Pinti 2001, p. 12

1566	Pius V	Fernando Álvarez de Toledo y Pimentel, 3rd Duke of Alba	Blade preserved at ?	Sampedro Escolar 2007, p. 97/8

1567	1568	Pius V	Ferdinand II, archduke of Further Austria	Sword and hat preserved	Pinti 2001, p. 6; Burns 1969, p. 163

1580	Gregory XIII	Stephen Báthory, king of Poland	Blade preserved at the Wawel Castle in Kraków, Poland	Lileyko 1987, p. 124

1581	1582	Gregory XIII	Ferdinand II, archduke of Further Austria (again)	Sword and hat preserved in Vienna, Austria	Pinti 2001, p. 5; Burns 1969, p. 163

1591	Gregory XIV	Philip, prince of Asturias (future King Philip III of Spain)	Blade preserved at the Royal Palace of Madrid, Spain	Pinti 2001, p. 12

1594	Clement VII	Philip II, king of Spain (again)	Blade preserved at the Royal Palace of Madrid, Spain	Pinti 2001, p. 12

1618	Paul V	Philip, prince of Asturias (future King Philip IV of Spain)	Pinti 2001, p. 12

1625	Urban VIII	Vladislaus Sigismund, crown prince of Poland (future King Vladislaus IV)	Presented personally. Blade preserved at the Skokloster Castle in Sweden.	Lileyko 1987, pp. 124–125

1672	Clement X	Michael Korybut Wiśniowiecki, king of Poland	Lost after 1673	Lileyko 1987, p. 126

1674	1683	Clement X	John III Sobieski, king of Poland	Sent by Innocent XI. Sword used by Emperor Nicholas I of Russia for his coronation as king of Poland in 1829.	Lileyko 1987, pp. 126–127

1689	1690	Alexander VIII	Francesco Morosini, doge of Venice	Sword, scabbard and belt preserved in the treasury of St Mark's Basilica in Venice, Italy	Pinti 2001, pp. 4, 28

1726	Benedict XIII	Frederick Augustus, crown prince of Poland (future King Augustus III)	Scabbard, belt and hat preserved at the Dresden Armory in Germany	Lileyko 1987, p. 129

1747	Benedict XIV	Manuel Pinto da Fonseca, grand master of the Knights Hospitaller	Petroschi & Rossi 1747

1772	1773 or 1775	Clement XIV	Francisco Ximenes de Texada, grand master of the Knights Hospitaller	Sent by Pius VI. Latest preserved blessed sword, at the National Museum of the Middle Ages in Paris, France	Lileyko 1987, p. 123; Pinti 2001, p. 6

1823	Leo XII	Louis Antoine, duke of Angoulême	Pinti 2001, p. 3

Sentence(s)

The latest preserved blessed sword, held at the National Museum of the Middle Ages in Paris, was blessed in 1772 by Pope Clement XIV and presented to Francisco Ximenes de Texada, grand master of the Knights Hospitaller.

final_sentence: The latest preserved blessed sword, held at the National Museum of the Middle Ages in Paris, was blessed in 1772 by Pope Clement XIV and presented to Francisco Ximenes de Texada, grand master of the Knights Hospitaller.