List of capitals in the United States
Historical state, colonial, and territorial capitals
Most of the original Thirteen Colonies had their capitals occupied or attacked by the British during the American Revolutionary War. State governments operated where and as they could.

List of capitals in the United States

Section Title: Historical state, colonial, and territorial capitals
Table Section Text: Most of the original Thirteen Colonies had their capitals occupied or attacked by the British during the American Revolutionary War. State governments operated where and as they could.

State	Capital	Date	Notes

Alabama Statehood in 1819	San Agustín	1565	Capital of the Spanish colony of La Florida.

Savannah	1733	Capital of the British proprietary Colony of Georgia.

1755	Capital of the British Province of Georgia.

1776	Capitals of the State of Georgia.

Augusta (GA)	1778

Heard's Fort (GA)	1780

Augusta (GA)	1781

Savannah (GA)	1782

Ebenezer (GA)	1782

Savannah (GA)	1784

Augusta (GA)	1786

Louisville (GA)	1796

Natchez (MS)	1798	Capitals of the Mississippi Territory.

Washington (MS)	1802

St. Stephens	1817	Capital of the Alabama Territory.

Huntsville	1819	Capitals of the State of Alabama.

Cahawba	1820

Tuscaloosa	1826

Montgomery	1846	Capital of the State of Alabama. (Capital of the Confederate States of America in 1861.)

Alaska Statehood in 1959	Novo-Arkhangelsk Sitka	1808	Capital of the Russian colony of Alaska.

1867	Capital of the Department of Alaska.

1900	Capitals of the District of Alaska.

Juneau	1906

1912	Capital of the Territory of Alaska.

1959	Capital of the State of Alaska.

Arizona Statehood in 1912	Santa Fe (NM)	1848	Capital of the U.S. provisional government of New Mexico 1848–1850.

1850	Capital of the U.S. Territory of New Mexico 1850–1912.

Mesilla (NM)	1862	Capital of the Confederate Territory of Arizona (southern New Mexico and Arizona 1862).

San Antonio (TX)	1862	Capital of the government-in-exile of the Confederate Territory of Arizona 1862–1865.

Fort Whipple	1864	Capitals of the U.S. Territory of Arizona.

Prescott	1864

Tucson	1867

Prescott	1877

Phoenix	1889

1912	Capital of the State of Arizona.

Arkansas Statehood in 1836	Saint-Louis San Luis St. Louis	1765	Capital of the Spanish (though predominantly Francophone) district of Alta Louisiana.

1800	Capital of the French district of La Haute-Louisiane.

1804	Capital of the District of Louisiana (under the authority of the Indiana Territory.)

1805	Capital of the Louisiana Territory.

1812	Capital of the Missouri Territory.

Arkansas Post	1819	Capitals of the Arkansaw Territory.

Little Rock	1821

1836	Capital of the State of Arkansas. (Washington was the Confederate state capital 1863–1865.)

California Statehood in 1850	Loreto (BCS)	1770	Capitals of the Spanish Virreinato de la Nueva España colonies of las Californias.

Presidio Reál de San Carlos de Monterey Monterey	1777

1804	Capital of the Spanish Virreinato de la Nueva España province of Alta California.

1821	Capital of the Mexican province of Alta California.

1846	Capital of the U.S. military government of California.

1849	Capital of the Provisional Government of California.

Pueblo de San José de Guadalupe	1850	Capitals of the State of California

Vallejo	1852

Benicia	1853

Sacramento	1854

Colorado Statehood in 1876	Denver City	1859	Capitals of the extralegal Territory of Jefferson.

Golden City	1860

Denver City	1861	Capitals of the Territory of Colorado.

Colorado City	1862

Golden City	1862

Denver City Denver	1867

1876	Capital of the State of Colorado.

Connecticut Statehood in 1776	Fort Amsterdam (NY)	1625	Capital of the Netherlands colony of New Netherland.

Hartford	1639	Capital of the English Colony of Connecticut 1639–1686.

New-Haven	1640	Capital of the English Colony of New-Haven until its merger into the Connecticut Colony in 1662.

Boston (MA)	1686	Capital of the English Dominion of New-England in America.

Hartford	1689	Capital of the English Colony of Connecticut.

joint capitals	1701	Hartford and New-Haven served as the "co-capitals" of the English Colony of Connecticut, with the Assembly holding its May session in Hartford and its October session in New-Haven.

1707	Hartford and New-Haven joint capitals of the British Colony of Connecticut.

1776	Hartford and New Haven joint capitals of the State of Connecticut.

Hartford	1875	Capital of the State of Connecticut.

Delaware Statehood in 1776	Fort Kristina	1638	Capital of the Swedish colony of Nya Sverige.

Fort Amsterdam Nieuw-Amsterdam New-York Nieuw-Oranje New-York (NY)	1655	Capital of the Dutch province of New Netherland.

1664	Capital of the English Colony of New-York.

1673	Capital of the Dutch military government of New Netherland.

1674	Capital of the English Colony of New-York.

Philadelphia (PA)	1682	Capital of the English Colony of Pennsylvania.

New Castle	1704	Capital of the English Lower Counties on the Delaware.

1707	Capital of the British Lower Counties on the Delaware.

1776	Capitals of the State of Delaware.

Dover	1777

Florida Statehood in 1845	Fort de la Caroline	1564	Capital of the French colony of La Caroline 1564–1565.

San Agustín St. Augustine	1565	Capital of the Spanish colony of La Florida 1565–1763.

1763	Capital of the British province of East Florida 1763–1783.

1783	Capital of the Spanish province of Florida Oriental 1783–1821.

Santa María de Ochuse Pensacola	1763	Capital of the British province of British West Florida 1763–1783.

1783	Capital of the Spanish province of Florida Occidental 1783–1821.

Tallahassee	1824	Capital of the Florida Territory.

1845	Capital of the State of Florida.

Georgia Statehood in 1776	San Agustín	1565	Capital of the Spanish colony of La Florida.

Savannah	1733	Capital of the British proprietary Colony of Georgia.

1755	Capital of the British Province of Georgia.

1776	Capitals of the State of Georgia.

Augusta	1778

Heard's Fort	1780

Augusta	1781

Savannah	1782

Ebenezer	1782

Savannah	1784

Augusta	1786

Louisville	1796

Milledgeville	1807

Macon	1864

Milledgeville	1865

Atlanta	1868

Hawaii Statehood in 1959	Lahaina	1820	Capitals of the Kingdom of Hawaii.

Honolulu	1845

1894	Capital of the Republic of Hawaii.

1898	Capital of the Territory of Hawaii.

1959	Capital of the State of Hawaiʻi.

Idaho Statehood in 1890	Oregon City (OR)	1843	Capital of the Provisional Government of Oregon in the Oregon Country.

1848	Capitals of the Territory of Oregon (all of Idaho 1848–1853, southern Idaho 1853–1859.)

Salem (OR)	1851

Olympia (WA)	1853	Capital of the Territory of Washington (northern Idaho 1853–1859, all of Idaho 1859–1863.)

Lewiston	1863	Capitals of the Territory of Idaho.

Boise	1865

1890	Capital of the State of Idaho.

Illinois Statehood in 1818	Marietta (OH)	1788	Capital of the Territory Northwest of the River Ohio.

Vincennes (IN)	1800	Capital of the Territory of Indiana.

Kaskaskia	1809	Capital of the Territory of Illinois.

1818	Capitals of the State of Illinois.

Vandalia	1820

Springfield	1839

Indiana Statehood in 1816	Marietta (OH)	1788	Capital of the Territory Northwest of the River Ohio.

Vincennes	1800	Capitals of the Territory of Indiana.

Corydon	1813

1816	Capitals of the State of Indiana.

Indianapolis	1825

Iowa Statehood in 1846	Saint-Louis San Luis St. Louis (MO)	1765	Capital of the Spanish (though predominantly Francophone) district of Alta Louisiana.

1800	Capital of the French district of La Haute-Louisiane.

1804	Capital of the District of Louisiana (under the authority of the Indiana Territory.)

1805	Capital of the Louisiana Territory.

1812	Capital of the Missouri Territory (1812–1821).

Detroit (MI)	1834	Capital of the Territory of Michigan.

Belmont (WI)	1836	Capitals of the Territory of Wisconsin.

Burlington	1837

1838	Capitals of the Territory of Iowa.

Iowa City	1841

1846	Capitals of the State of Iowa.

Des Moines	1857

Kansas Statehood in 1861	Saint-Louis San Luis St. Louis	1765	Capital of the Spanish (though predominantly Francophone) district of Alta Louisiana.

1800	Capital of the French district of La Haute-Louisiane.

1804	Capital of the District of Louisiana (under the authority of the Indiana Territory.)

1805	Capital of the Louisiana Territory.

1812	Capital of the Missouri Territory (1812–1821).

Pawnee	1855	Capital of the Kansas Territory (July 2 – July 6).

Shawnee Mission	1855	Capital of the Kansas Territory.

Lecompton	1856	Capital de jure (pro-slavery) of the Territory of Kansas.

Topeka	Capital de facto (anti-slavery) of the Territory of Kansas.

Minneola	1858	Declared capital by territorial legislature, although this action was later declared void.

Topeka	1861	Capital of the State of Kansas.

Kentucky Statehood in 1792	Williamsburg (VA)	1699	Capital of the English Colony of Virginia.

1707	Capital of the British Colony of Virginia.

1776	Capital of the Commonwealth of Virginia.

Richmond (VA)	1780

Frankfort	1792	Capital of the Commonwealth of Kentucky. (The government initially met at Lexington but Frankfort was quickly named the capital.

Louisiana Statehood in 1812	San Agustín	1565	Capital of the Spanish colony of La Florida.

La Mobile	1702	Capitals of the French colony of La Louisiane.

Bilocci	1720

La Nouvelle-Orléans Nueva Orleans New Orleans	1722

1763	Capital of the Spanish district of Baja Louisiana.

1800	Capital of the French district of La Basse-Louisiane.

1804	Capital of the Territory of Orleans.

1812	Capitals of the State of Louisiana.

Donaldsonville	1830

New Orleans	1831

Baton Rouge	1849

Opelousas	1862

Shreveport	1863

New Orleans	1865

Baton Rouge	1882

Maine Statehood in 1820	Île Sainte-Croix	1604	Capitals of the French colony of l'Acadie.

Port-Royal (NS)	1605

Boston (MA)	1630	Capital of the English Colony of Massachusetts Bay.

1686	Capital of the English Dominion of New-England in America.

1689	Capital of the dissident Colony of Massachusetts Bay.

1691	Capital of the English Province of Massachusetts Bay.

1707	Capital of the British Province of Massachusetts Bay.

1774	Capital of the dissident Province of Massachusetts Bay.

1776	Capital of the State of Massachusetts Bay.

1780	Capital of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts.

Portland	1820	Capital of the State of Maine.

1827	Capital de facto of the State of Maine.

Augusta	Capital de jure of the State of Maine.

1832	Capital of the State of Maine.

Maryland Statehood in 1776	St. Mary's City	1634	Capital of the English proprietary Colony of Maryland.

Anne Arundel's Towne Annapolis	1694	Capital of the English Province of Maryland.

1707	Capital of the British Province of Maryland.

1776	Capital of the State of Maryland. (Capital of the United States of America 1783–1784.)

Massachusetts Statehood in 1776	Plimouth	1620	Capital of the English Colony of New-Plimouth 1620–1686.

Boston	1630	Capital of the English Colony of Massachusetts Bay 1630–1686.

1686	Capital of the English Dominion of New-England in America 1686–1689.

Plimouth	1688	Capital of the dissident Colony of New-Plimouth 1688–1692.

Boston	1689	Capital of the dissident Colony of Massachusetts Bay 1689–1692.

1692	Capital of the English Province of Massachusetts Bay.

1707	Capital of the British Province of Massachusetts Bay.

1774	Capital of the dissident Province of Massachusetts Bay.

1776	Capital of the State of Massachusetts Bay.

1780	Capital of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts.

Michigan Statehood in 1837	Marietta (OH)	1788	Capitals of the Territory Northwest of the River Ohio (all of Michigan 1788–1800, eastern Michigan 1800–1803.)

Chillicothe (OH)	1800

Vincennes (IN)	Capitals of the Territory of Indiana (western Michigan 1800–1803; all of Michigan 1803–1805, a portion of the Upper Peninsula 1805–1816.)

Corydon (IN)	1813

Detroit	1805	Capital of the Territory of Michigan (Lower Peninsula 1805–1818, all of Michigan 1818–1837.) (Detroit was occupied by British Armed Forces 1812–1813.)

1837	Capitals of the State of Michigan.

Lansing	1847

Minnesota Statehood in 1858	Saint-Louis San Luis St. Louis (MO)	1765	Capital of the Spanish (though predominantly Francophone) district of Alta Louisiana 1765–1800.

1800	Capital of the French district of la Haute-Louisiane (west of Mississippi River 1800–1804.)

1804	Capital of the District of Louisiana (west of Mississippi River under the authority of the Indiana Territory 1804–1805.)

1805	Capital of the Territory of Louisiana (west of Mississippi River 1805–1812.)

1812	Capital of the Territory of Missouri (west of Mississippi River 1812–1821.)

Marietta (OH)	1788	Capital of the Territory Northwest of the River Ohio (east of Mississippi River 1788–1800.)

Vincennes (IN)	1800	Capital of the Territory of Indiana (east of Mississippi River 1800–1809.)

Kaskaskia (IL)	1809	Capital of the Territory of Illinois (east of Mississippi River 1809–1818.)

Detroit (MI)	1818	Capital of the Territory of Michigan (east of Mississippi River 1818-1834, all of Minnesota 1834–1836.)

Belmont (WI)	1836	Capitals of the Territory of Wisconsin.

Burlington (IA)	1837

1838	Capital of the Territory of Iowa (west of Mississippi River 1838–1841.)

Madison (WI)	Capital of the Territory of Wisconsin (east of Mississippi River 1838–1848.)

Iowa City (IA)	1841	Capital of the Territory of Iowa (west of Mississippi River 1841–1846.)

Saint Paul	1849	Capital of the Territory of Minnesota.

1858	Capital of the State of Minnesota.

Mississippi Statehood in 1817	San Agustín	1565	Capital of the Spanish colony of La Florida.

Savannah	1733	Capital of the British proprietary Colony of Georgia.

1755	Capital of the British Province of Georgia.

1776	Capitals of the State of Georgia.

Augusta (GA)	1778

Heard's Fort (GA)	1780

Augusta (GA)	1781

Savannah (GA)	1782

Ebenezer (GA)	1782

Savannah (GA)	1784

Augusta (GA)	1786

Louisville (GA)	1796

Natchez	1798	Capitals of the Territory of Mississippi.

Washington	1802

Natchez	1817	Capitals of the State of Mississippi.

Jackson	1821

Missouri Statehood in 1821	Saint-Louis San Luis St. Louis	1765	Capital of the Spanish (though predominantly Francophone) district of Alta Louisiana.

1800	Capital of the French district of La Haute-Louisiane.

1804	Capital of the District of Louisiana (under the authority of the Indiana Territory.)

1805	Capital of the Louisiana Territory.

1812	Capital of the Missouri Territory.

Saint Charles	1821	Capitals of the State of Missouri. (A Confederate state government in exile operated from Neosho 1861–1863, and from Marshall, Texas, 1863–1865.)

Jefferson City	1826

Montana Statehood in 1889	Saint-Louis San Luis St. Louis (MO)	1765	Capital of the Spanish (though predominantly Francophone) district of Alta Louisiana (east of Continental Divide 1763–1800.)

1800	Capital of the French district of la Haute-Louisiane (east of Continental Divide 1800–1804.)

1804	Capital of the District of Louisiana (east of Continental Divide under the authority of the Indiana Territory 1804–1805.)

1805	Capital of the Territory of Louisiana (east of Continental Divide 1805–1812.)

1812	Capital of the Territory of Missouri (east of Continental Divide 1812–1821.)

Fort Vancouver (WA)	1825	Capital de facto of the Oregon Country (west of Continental Divide 1818–1843.)

Oregon City (OR)	1843	Capital of the Provisional Government of Oregon (west of Continental Divide 1843–1848.)

1848	Capitals of the Territory of Oregon (west of Continental Divide 1848–1853.)

Salem (OR)	1851

Olympia (WA)	1853	Capital of the Territory of Washington (west of Continental Divide 1853–1863.)

Omaha (NE)	1854	Capital of the Territory of Nebraska (east of Continental Divide 1854–1861.)

Yankton (SD)	1861	Capital of the Territory of Dakota (east of Continental Divide 1861–1863.)

Lewiston (ID)	1863	Capital of the Territory of Idaho.

Bannack	1864	Capitals of the Territory of Montana.

Virginia City	1865

Helena	1875

1889	Capital of the State of Montana.

Nebraska Statehood in 1867	Saint-Louis San Luis St. Louis (MO)	1765	Capital of the Spanish (though predominantly Francophone) district of Alta Louisiana.

1800	Capital of the French district of la Haute-Louisiane.

1804	Capital of the District of Louisiana (under the authority of the Indiana Territory.)

1805	Capital of the Territory of Louisiana.

1812	Capital of the Territory of Missouri (1812–1821).

Omaha	1854	Capitals of the Territory of Nebraska.

Lancaster Lincoln	1867

1867	Capital of the State of Nebraska.

Nevada Statehood in 1864	Fillmore (UT)	1850	Capitals of the Territory of Utah.

Salt Lake City (UT)	1858

Carson City	1861	Capital of the Territory of Nevada.

1864	Capital of the State of Nevada.

New Hampshire Statehood in 1776	Boston (MA)	1630	Capital of the English Colony of Massachusetts Bay.

Portsmouth	1680	Capital of the English Province of New Hampshire.

Boston (MA)	1686	Capital of the English Dominion of New-England in America.

Portsmouth	1689	Capital of the dissident Province of New Hampshire.

1691	Capital of the English Province of New Hampshire.

1698	Capital of the English Province of New Hampshire under jurisdiction of the Royal Governor of the Province of Massachusetts Bay.

1707	Capital of the British Province of New Hampshire under jurisdiction of the Royal Governor of the Province of Massachusetts Bay.

1741	Capital of the British Province of New Hampshire.

Exeter	1775	Capital of the Revolutionary War government of New Hampshire.

1776	Capitals of the State of New Hampshire.

Concord	1808

New Jersey Statehood in 1776	Fort Amsterdam (NY)	1625	Capital of the Dutch colony of New Netherland.

1652	Capital of the Dutch province of New Netherland.

Elizabethtown (now Elizabeth)	1665	Capital of the English Province of New Jersey.

Perth Amboy	1673	Capital of the English Province of East Jersey 1673–1688.

Burlington	Capital of the English Province of West Jersey 1673–1688.

Boston (MA)	1688	Capital of the English Dominion of New-England in America 1688–1689.

Perth Amboy	1689	Capital of the English Province of East Jersey 1689–1702.

Burlington	Capital of the English Province of West Jersey 1689–1702.

joint capitals	1702	East Jersey and West Jersey were re-united as the English Province of New Jersey in 1702. Perth Amboy and Burlington served jointly as the capital until 1784.

1707	Joint capitals of the British Province of New Jersey.

1776	Joint capitals of the State of New Jersey.

Trenton	1784	Capital of the State of New Jersey. (Capital of the United States of America in 1784.)

New Mexico Statehood in 1912	San Juan de los Caballeros	1598	Capitals of the Spanish Virreinato de la Nueva España colony of Santa Fe de Nuevo México.

La Villa Real de la Santa Fé de San Francisco de Asís	1610

El Paso del Norte (now Ciudad Juárez CHH)	1680	Capital of the Spanish Virreinato de la Nueva España colony-in-exile of Santa Fe de Nuevo México (Pueblo Revolt 1680–1692).

La Villa Real de la Santa Fé de San Francisco de Asís Santa Fe	1692	Capital of the Spanish Virreinato de la Nueva España colony of Santa Fe de Nuevo México.

1821	Capital of the Mexican province of Santa Fe de Nuevo México.

1824	Capital of the Mexican territory of Santa Fe de Nuevo México.

1846	Capital of the U.S. military government of New Mexico 1846.

1846	Capital of the U.S. provisional government of New Mexico 1846–1850.

1850	Capital of the U.S. Territory of New Mexico 1850–1912.

Mesilla	1862	Capital of the Confederate Territory of Arizona (southern New Mexico and Arizona 1862).

San Antonio (TX)	1862	Capital of the government-in-exile of the Confederate Territory of Arizona 1862–1865.

Santa Fe	1912	Capital of the State of New Mexico.

New York Statehood in 1776	Fort Amsterdam Nieuw-Amsterdam New-York Nieuw-Oranje New-York	1625	Capital of the Dutch colony of New Netherland (Novum Belgium).

1652	Capital of the Dutch province of New Netherland.

1664	Capital of the English Province of New York.

1673	Capital of the Dutch military government of New Netherland.

1674	Capital of the English Province of New York.

Boston (MA)	1688	Capital of the English Dominion of New-England in America.

New-York	1689	Capital of the dissident government of New-York.

1691	Capital of the English Province of New York.

1707	Capital of the British Province of New York.

1776	Capitals of the State of New York.

Kingston	1777

Hurley	1777

Poughkeepsie	1777

New York	1788	Capital of the State of New York. (Capital of the United States of America 1785–1788 and 1789–1790.)

Albany	1797	Capital of the State of New York.

North Carolina Statehood in 1776	San Agustín (FL)	1565	Capital of the Spanish colony of la Florida.

Charlestown (SC)	1670	Capital of the English Province of Carolina.

1707	Capital of the British Province of Carolina.

New Bern	1712	Capital of the British Province of North Carolina.

1776	Capitals of the State of North Carolina.

Fayetteville	1789

Raleigh	1794

North Dakota Statehood in 1889	Saint-Louis San Luis St. Louis (MO)	1765	Capital of the Spanish (though predominantly Francophone) district of Alta Louisiana.

1800	Capital of the French district of la Haute-Louisiane.

1804	Capital of the District of Louisiana (under the authority of the Indiana Territory.)

1805	Capital of the Territory of Louisiana.

1812	Capital of the Territory of Missouri (1812–1821).

Detroit (MI)	1834	Capital of the Territory of Michigan (east of Missouri River and White Earth River 1834–1836.)

Belmont (WI)	1836	Capitals of the Territory of Wisconsin (east of Missouri River and White Earth River 1836–1838.)

Burlington (IA)	1837

1838	Capitals of the Territory of Iowa (east of Missouri River and White Earth River 1838–1846.)

Iowa City (IA)	1841

Saint Paul (MN)	1849	Capital of the Territory of Minnesota (east of Missouri River and White Earth River 1849–1858.)

Omaha (NE)	1854	Capital of the Territory of Nebraska (west of Missouri River or White Earth River 1854–1861.)

Yankton (SD)	1861	Capitals of the Territory of Dakota.

Bismarck	1883

1889	Capital of the State of North Dakota.

Ohio Statehood in 1803	Marietta	1788	Capitals of the Territory Northwest of the River Ohio.

Chillicothe	1800

1803	Capitals of the State of Ohio.

Zanesville	1810

Chillicothe	1812

Columbus	1816

Oklahoma Statehood in 1907	Saint-Louis San Luis St. Louis (MO)	1765	Capital of the Spanish (though predominantly Francophone) district of Alta Louisiana.

1800	Capital of the French district of la Haute-Louisiane.

1804	Capital of the District of Louisiana (under the authority of the Indiana Territory.)

1805	Capital of the Territory of Louisiana.

1812	Capital of the Territory of Missouri.

Arkansas Post (AR)	1819	Capitals of the Territory of Arkansaw (south of the parallel 36°30' north 1819–1824, southeastern Oklahoma 1824–1828.)

Little Rock (AR)	1821

Tahlequah	1838	Capital of the Cherokee Nation.

Tuskahoma	1838	Capital of the Choctaw Nation.

Tishomingo	1855	Capital of the Chickasaw Nation.

Wewoka	1866	Capital of the Seminole Nation.

Okmulgee	1867	Capital of the Creek Nation.

Pawhuska	?	Capital of the Osage Nation.

Guthrie	1889	Capital of the Territory of Oklahoma.

1907	Capitals of the State of Oklahoma.

Oklahoma City	1910

Oregon Statehood in 1859	Champoeg	1843	Temporary capital of the disputed Oregon Country.

Oregon City	1843	Capital of the Provisional Government of Oregon in the Oregon Country.

1848	Capitals of the Territory of Oregon.

Salem	1851

Corvallis	1855

Salem	1855

1859	Capital of the State of Oregon.

Pennsylvania Statehood in 1776	Philadelphia	1682	Capital of the English proprietary Colony of Pennsylvania.

1707	Capital of the British proprietary Colony of Pennsylvania.

1776	Capital of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. (Capital of the United States of America 1776, 1777, 1778–1783, and 1790–1800.)

Lancaster	1799	Capital of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. (Capital of the United States of America 1777.)

Harrisburg	1812	Capital of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania.

Rhode Island Statehood in 1776	Providence	1636	Capital of the English Colony of Providence 1636–1644.

Portsmouth	1639	Capital of the English Colony of Aquidneck Island 1639–1644.

1644	Capital of the English Colony of Rhode Island.

Providence	1644	Capital of the English Colony of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations.

Boston (MA)	1686	Capital of the English Dominion of New-England in America.

Providence	1689	Capital of the English Colony of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations.

1707	Capital of the British Colony of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations.

five capitals	1776	From 1776 to 1853, the legislature of the State of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations rotated among the county seats of the state's five counties: Providence, Newport, East Greenwich, South Kingstown, and Bristol.

joint capitals	1854	From 1854 to 1899, the legislature of the State of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations alternated sessions between Providence and Newport.

Providence	1900	Capital of the State of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations.

South Carolina Statehood in 1776	San Agustín (FL)	1565	Capital of the Spanish colony of la Florida.

Charlestown	1670	Capital of the English Province of Carolina.

1707	Capital of the British Province of Carolina.

1712	Capital of the British Province of South Carolina.

1776	Capitals of the State of South Carolina.

Columbia	1786

South Dakota Statehood in 1889	Saint-Louis San Luis St. Louis (MO)	1765	Capital of the Spanish (though predominantly Francophone) district of Alta Louisiana.

1800	Capital of the French district of la Haute-Louisiane.

1804	Capital of the District of Louisiana (under the authority of the Indiana Territory.)

1805	Capital of the Territory of Louisiana.

1812	Capital of the Territory of Missouri (1812–1821).

Detroit (MI)	1834	Capital of the Territory of Michigan (east of Missouri River 1834–1836.)

Belmont (WI)	1836	Capitals of the Territory of Wisconsin (east of Missouri River 1836–1838.)

Burlington (IA)	1837

1838	Capitals of the Territory of Iowa (east of Missouri River 1838–1846.)

Iowa City (IA)	1841

Saint Paul (MN)	1849	Capital of the Territory of Minnesota (east of Missouri River 1849–1858.)

Omaha (NE)	1854	Capital of the Territory of Nebraska (west of Missouri River 1854–1861.)

Yankton	1861	Capitals of the Territory of Dakota.

Bismarck (ND)	1883

Pierre	1889	Capital of the State of South Dakota.

Tennessee Statehood in 1796	New Bern (NC)	1712	Capital of the British Province of North Carolina.

1776	Capital of the State of North Carolina.

Rocky Mount	1790	Capitals of the Territory South of the River Ohio.

White's Fort Knoxville	1791

1796	Capital of the State of Tennessee.

Kingston	1807	Capital of the State of Tennessee for one day in 1807 to fulfill treaty obligations with the Cherokee Nation.

Knoxville	1807	Capitals of the State of Tennessee.

Nashville	1812

Knoxville	1817

Murfreesboro	1818

Nashville	1826

Texas Statehood in 1845	Los Adaes (LA)	1729	Capitals of the Spanish colony of Tejas.

San Antonio de Béxar (now San Antonio)	1772

Saltillo (COA)	1824	Capitals of the Mexican province of Coahuila y Tejas.

Monclova (COA)	1833

Washington (now Washington-on-the-Brazos)	1836	Capitals of the Republic of Texas.

Galveston	1836

Harrisburg	1836

Velasco	1836

Columbia	1836

Houston	1837

Austin	1839

1845	Capital of the State of Texas.

Utah Statehood in 1896	Salt Lake City	1849	Capital of the extralegal State of Deseret.

Fillmore	1850	Capitals of the Territory of Utah.

Salt Lake City	1858

1896	Capital of the State of Utah.

Vermont Statehood in 1791	Westminster	1777	Capitals of the Republic of New Connecticut.

Windsor	1777

1777	Capital of the Vermont Republic.

1791	Capitals of the State of Vermont.

Montpelier	1805

Virginia Statehood in 1776	Jamestown	1619	Capitals of the English Colony of Virginia.

Middle Plantation Williamsburg	1698

1707	Capital of the British Colony of Virginia.

1776	Capital of the Commonwealth of Virginia.

Richmond	1780	Capital of the Commonwealth of Virginia. (Capital of the Confederate States of America 1861–1865.) (A rival pro-Union state government operated from Wheeling 1861–1863 and from Alexandria 1863–1865.)

Washington Statehood in 1889	Champoeg (OR)	1843	Temporary capital of the disputed Oregon Country.

Oregon City (OR)	1843	Capital of the Provisional Government of Oregon in the Oregon Country.

1848	Capitals of the Territory of Oregon.

Salem (OR)	1851

Olympia	1853	Capital of the Territory of Washington.

1889	Capital of the State of Washington.

West Virginia Statehood in 1863	Jamestown (VA)	1619	Capitals of the English Colony of Virginia.

Middle Plantation (VA) Williamsburg (VA)	1698

1707	Capital of the British Colony of Virginia.

1776	Capitals of the Commonwealth of Virginia.

Richmond (VA)	1780

Wheeling	1861	Capital of the rival pro-Union government of the Commonwealth of Virginia.

1863	Capitals of the State of West Virginia.

Charleston	1870

Wheeling	1875

Charleston	1885

Wisconsin Statehood in 1848	Marietta (OH)	1788	Capital of the Territory Northwest of the River Ohio.

Vincennes (IN)	1800	Capital of the Territory of Indiana.

Kaskaskia (IL)	1809	Capital of the Territory of Illinois.

Detroit (MI)	1818	Capital of the Territory of Michigan.

Belmont	1836	Capitals of the Territory of Wisconsin.

Burlington (IA)	1837

Madison	1838

1848	Capital of the State of Wisconsin.

Wyoming Statehood in 1890	Lewiston (ID)	1863	Capital of the Territory of Idaho.

Yankton (SD)	1864	Capital of the Territory of Dakota.

Cheyenne	1869	Capital of the Territory of Wyoming.

1890	Capital of the State of Wyoming.

Sentence(s)

Albany became the permanent state capital in 1797.

final_sentence: Albany became the permanent state capital in 1797.