List of apple cultivars
Table of apples

List of apple cultivars

Section Title: Table of apples
Table Section Text: None

Common name	Image	Origin	First developed	Comment	Use

Adams Pearmain	-	England	1826	A dessert apple. Similar flavour to Russet, first introduced under the name "Norfolk Pippin".	Eating

Admiral	-	Czech Republic	2012	New very popular variety.Flesh firm, crisp, juicy with very good taste. Robust, healthy, scab resistant variety with excellent keeping qualities and taste.	Eating

Aia Ilu	Estonia	1946	Apple is large in size, weighing 250–300 g. It is yellow, juicy, and bittersweet with a weak aroma.	Eating

Airlie Red Flesh (Newell-Kimzey red flesh, Aerlie's Red Flesh)	Oregon, US	c. 1961	A large, conic apple. Light yellow-green skin strewn with white dots, occasionally with a faint reddish orange blush.	Eating

Akane	-	Japan	1970	Jonathan × Worcester Pearmain. Tangy taste.	Eating

Åkerö	-	Sweden	15th century	Apple is egg-shaped, medium to large in size, sweet and aromatic. Best in November, keeps well till February.	Eating

Alkmene agm	Malus - Alkmene.JPG	Germany	1930	Cox's Orange Pippin × Doktor Oldenburg	Eating

Allington Pippin	Malus domestica Allington Pippin 03.JPG	Lincolnshire, UK	1880s	A versatile English dessert apple raised by horticulturalist Thomas Laxton some time before 1884. Exhibited as Brown's South Lincoln Beauty, the name was changed to Allington Pippin by Bunyard Nursery in 1896.	Eating, Cooking, Dessert

Ambrosia	-	British Columbia, Canada	1980s	Medium to large in size, mostly red coloration with yellow patches. Has cream-coloured flesh with a sweet, crisp, aromatic flavour and low acidity.	Eating

Anna	-	Israel	1965	Colour is yellow with a red blush. This variety does not grow well in the cold and prefers heat and humidity.	Eating

Annurca	Annurca apple.JPG	Campania, Italy	1876 (documented)	Very old apple; possibly one of the oldest of all. Believed to be older than first mention in Pasquale's Manuale di Arboricultura, 1876.	Eating

Antonovka	-	Kursk, Russia	17th century	A very old Russian variety, often planted at dachas. Apples are large, yellow-green and bracingly tart to eat out of hand, but superb for cooking, as they keep their shape.	Cooking, Cider

Apollo	Cox's Orange Pippin × Geheimrat Dr. Oldenburg	Eating

Ariane	-	Angers, France	2002	Scab resistant. Developed at the National Institute of Agricultural Research in France.	Eating

Arkansas Black	-	Arkansas, US	c. 1870	Hard and crunchy; stores well. Very deep red, appearing black from a distance.	Eating

Arthur Turner agm	England	large golden cooker: prone to mildew but scab resistant	Cooking

Ashmead's Kernel agm	Ashmead's Kernel.JPG	England	c. 1700	Small, very sweet and very tart.	Eating

Aurora Golden Gala	British Columbia, Canada	2003	Dessert apple; medium size, sweet, juicy, crisp, firm, very long storage life.	Eating

Autumn Glory	Washington, US	2011	The Autumn Glory variety is a hybrid of the Fuji (apple) and the Golden Delicious apple, featuring a red over golden background.	Eating

Bailey	New York	c. 1840	Red apple with considerable white flecks. Has some russeting.	Eating

Baldwin	-	Massachusetts, US	c. 1740	Sweet to subacid flavour. Also known as "Woodpecker". Very old variety for North America. Makes lots of juice.	Cooking, Eating

Ballyfatten	-	County Tyrone, Northern Ireland	c. 1740	A large, round apple with firm, dry, sweet, slightly tart white flesh. Excellent keeper. Scab and canker resistant.	Cooking, Eating

Bardsey Island Apple	-	Bardsey Island, Wales	1998	A medium-sized eating apple with a unique lemon aroma. Sweet and juicy.	Eating

Beacon	Minnesota, US	1936	Lively, juicy flavour; good for baking. Does not keep very well.	Cooking, Eating

Beauty of Bath	-	England	1864	Deep red flush and streaks of red with a little russet. Early maturing but short season.	Eating

Belle de Boskoop agm	-	Boskoop, Netherlands	1856	Bright red, fairly large, early in season (end of August to early September).	Cooking (applesauce)

Ben Davis	Southeastern US	Noted for keeping well prior to refrigerated storage, but flavour has been compared with cork.	Eating

Beverly Hills	California, US	1997	Slightly tart flavour. Likes warm weather.	Eating

Birgit Bonnier	Birgit Bonnier äpplen i korg.jpeg	Sweden	A cross between Cortland (apple) and Lord Lambourne.

Bismarck	-	Victoria, Australia	1870	Medium-sized fruit with a green and red skin, sharp in flavour and not a common apple.	Cooking

Blenheim Orange agm	-	England	c. 1740	Has greenish-yellow to orange skin streaked with red. Distinctive nutty flavour excellent for cooking.	Cooking, Eating

Bloody Ploughman	Carse of Gowrie, Scotland	c. 1800	A medium-sized, very dark red, heavily ribbed apple. Crisp, mildly sweet white flesh, sometimes pink-streaked.	Eating

Bottle Greening	Green Mountains, US	c. 1800	Produces large fruit. Has thick skin, but juicy.	Eating, Cider

Braeburn	-	New Zealand	1952	Chance seedling. The fruit is widely sold commercially in the UK.	Eating

Bramley (Bramley's Seedling) agm	-	Nottinghamshire, UK	1809	The fruit is the most widely sold cooker in the UK. Large sized fruits with waxy skin, green with a red flush.	Cooking

Bravo de Esmolfe	Esmolfe, Penacova, Portugal	18th century	A small, juicy and sweet apple, considered one of the best Portuguese apples	Eating

Breedon Pippin	England	1801	Sweet flavour. Originally raised by a parson in Berkshire. Rare.	Eating

Brina	Italy	1998	Resistant to scab. Spreading habit with intermediate vigour; full flowering season is medium-late, production is heavy, fruit is medium or medium-large, with smooth skin; white lenticels, no russet, excellent taste characteristics.	Eating

Byfleet Seedling	England

Calville Blanc d'hiver	-	France	1598	Noted for unusual looks (somewhat lumpy on the side) but excellent reward when tried. Noted for having unusually high vitamin C content.	Cooking

Cameo	-	Washington State, US	1980s	Existence owed to freak accidental crossing of two most popular apples in world: Red and Golden Delicious. Retains prongs on bottom of latter parent but has flavour more resembling Golden.	Eating

Campanino	-	Modena, Italy	before 1751 (documented)	Fruits have firm, crisp flesh with a rather acid flavour	Cooking

Carolina Red June	Tennessee, US	c. 1810	Has unusual habit of blossoming twice, and producing two crops per year. Very popular Civil-War-era Southern apple.	Cooking, Eating

Carroll	1947	Ripens early.	Eating

Carter's Blue	Alabama, US	1840s	Medium to large, roundish oblate; skin green or greenish yellow washed with dull red with darker red broken tripes, covered with a heavy bluish bloom.	Eating, Cooking

Champion, Shampion or Sampion	-	Czechoslovakia	c. 1960	A cross between Golden Delicious and a Cox Orange Pippin. Attractive colour.	Eating, Juice

Catshead	England	1600s	Sharp flavour. Lumpy shape and electric green colouring.	Cooking

Charles Ross	Berkshire, UK	1890s	Has been an AGM winner. Orange to red.	Multi-purpose

Chelmsford Wonder	Essex, UK	c. 1870	A large long keeping yellow-skinned apple with diffuse orange pink flush. [1].	Multi-purpose

Chiver's Delight	Histon, Cambridgeshire, UK	1920s	Medium to large oblate apple. Red flush over greenish yellow skin.	Multi-purpose

Claygate Pearmain agm	-	UK	Suitable for northerly, cold, wet climates: rich, nutty flavour	Dessert

Clivia	Germany	Geheimrat Dr. Oldenburg × Cox's Orange Pippin	Eating

Cornish Gilliflower	-	Cornwall, UK	1813	Discovered as accidental seedling. Shy bearer.	Eating

Cortland	-	New York	1890s	Pale crisp flesh. Ripens in October in state of origin. Classic red coloration, nice crunch.	Eating

Cosmic Crisp	-	Washington, USA	1997	A cultivar first expected to be available commercially in 2019. A combination of Enterprise and Honeycrisp apples.	Eating

Court Pendu Plat	-	France	1613	Extremely old variety, may date from as early as Roman times. Popular during the Victorian era.	Eating

Cox's Orange Pippin	Cox orange renette2.JPG	England	1829	One of the most celebrated apples in the UK, valued for its aromatic "orange" colour and flavour. The fruit is widely sold commercially.	Eating

Cripps Pink ('Pink Lady')	-	Australia	1970s	Crisp, very sweet and slightly tart. Light red, pink and light yellow-green striped skin.	Cooking, Eating

Crispin	-	Japan	1930	See Mutsu	Eating

Crimson Delight	Washington	Crimson Delight is a multi-purpose apple intended for snacking, baking and fresh recipes. The fruit size is medium to large with a firm texture and is crisp and juicy.	Eating, Baking etc.

Crimson Gold	California	1944	A golf ball sized applecrab hybrid developed by Albert Etter who named it Little Rosybloom for its cute size and attractive ruby red flush.	Eating, Baking etc.

Criterion	New York	1898	One of parents believed to be Ben Davis, but very tart unlike parent. Dark red skin underlaid with stripes.	Cooking, Eating

D'Arcy Spice	Tolleshunt D'Arcy, Essex, UK	1785	A medium-sized apple with yellow-green skin, a red blush where exposed to the sun and covered with an spotty ochre russet.	Eating

Delblush	-	France	1979	Tentation delblush, Golden Delicious × Grifer	Eating

Delcorf agm	Delcor Apfelsorte.JPG	France	1960	Delbarestivale delcorf, Golden Delicious × Stark Jonagrimes	Eating

Delfloga	France	2008	Delbardivine delfloga, Royal Gala Tenroy × Florina, scab resistant	Eating

Delflopion	Delbard, France	Sampion × Florina, scab resistant	Eating

Delrouval	-	France	1995	Cybèle delrouval, Delcorf × Akane	Eating

Deltana	France	2010	Delbard Celeste deltana, (Golden Delicious × Grive Rouge) × Florina, scab resistant	Eating

Devonshire Quarreden	England, France?	1685 (documented)	Possible French parentage or ancestry. Crimson red peel. Juicy.	Eating

Discovery agm	-	Essex, UK	1949	Possibly from an open-pollinated Worcester Pearmain, or could well be a Worcester × Beauty of Bath. Sharp, sweet flavour.	Eating

Dorsett Golden	-	Bahamas	1964	Grown from chance seedling of Golden Delicious. One of the most southerly apples grown in North America.	Eating

Dougherty/Red Dougherty	Australia, New Zealand	Red Doughtery is a recent mutation discovered in New Zealand from the old Australian Doughtery	Eating

Duchess of Oldenburg	-	Russia	18th century	Has red stripes with splashes of green. Excellent resistance to freezing temperatures.	Cooking, Eating

Dudley Winter	Castle Hill, Maine, US	19th century	A medium-sized oblate apple with greenish-yellow skin covered with red stripes over a solid red blush. Flesh is firm but tender, juicy, aromatic and quite tart, becoming milder as it ages.	Cooking, Eating

Dummellor's Seedling agm also known as Dumelow's Seedling	Shackerstone, Leicestershire, UK	18th century	Large, roundish-oblate apple with pale greenish-yellow skin strewn with large russet dots, occasionally covered with a delicate pinkish-orange blush. Yellow-tinted white flesh is aromatic, firm, crisp, tart, and very juicy.	Cooking

Egle	Lithuania	Eating

Early Victoria	Essex, UK	1899 (introduced)	Possibly from Lord Grosvenor × Keswick Cod. Also called Emmeth Early. Ripens in late July. Pale yellow fruit.	Eating

Edward VII agm	-	Worcestershire, UK	1908 (introduced)	A large oblate-round apple with yellow-green skin and pinkish-brown blush. Suitable for more northerly, cold, wet climates.	Cooking

Egremont Russet agm	-	Sussex, UK	1872	Brown russeting, nutty flavour. Excellent keeper.	Eating

Ein Shemer	Israel	1963	Zabidani × Golden Delicious. This variety ripens in June.	Eating

Ellison's Orange agm	-	Lincolnshire, UK	1911	Cox's Orange Pippin × Calville Blanc. Rich aniseed flavour.	Eating

Elstar agm	-	Netherlands	1950s	Golden Delicious × Ingrid Marie. Medium-sized, mostly red with yellow showing.	Cooking, Eating

Emneth Early agm	UK	Suitable for northerly, cold, wet climates. A biennial crop that needs thinning.	Cooking

Empire	-	New York	1966	Lovely white subacid flesh. Tangy taste. Ruby red colour.	Eating

Enterprise	Illinois, US	1993	Classic North American red apple. Stores well up to six months. Makes very good candy apple.	Eating

Envy	-	New Zealand	2009	Sweet and crispy, takes 4–8 hours after cutting to start browning. Royal Gala × Braeburn.	Eating

Epicure	UK	1909	Yellowish apple with reddish blush. Good clean taste.	Eating

Esopus Spitzenburg	-	Esopus, New York	c. 1750	Grown by Thomas Jefferson at Monticello. Named for creek near which first seedling found.	Cooking, Eating

EverCrisp	Indiana, US	2008	Described as Fuji x Honeycrisp	Eating

Flamenco	UK	1950–1999	A columnar ornamental tree with delicious fruit	Eating

Falstaff agm	UK	A good pollinator.	Dessert

Fiesta agm	Fiesta Apfelsorte.JPG	Kent, UK	1972	Sometimes called Red Pippin. Claims both UK and US heritage: parents are Cox's Orange and Idared.	Eating

Fireside	Minnesota, United States	1943	Very fragrant. Yellow with red striping. Sweet apple, very popular in upper Midwest.	Eating

Florina	-	Anger, France	(Querina), scab resistant	Eating

Flower of Kent	Kent, UK	18th century	This is the variety that inspired Sir Isaac Newton to consider gravity.	Eating

Fortune agm (Laxton's Fortune)	1904	Cox's Orange Pippin × Wealthy	Eating

Fuji	-	Aomori, Japan	1930s	Red Delicious × Ralls Genet. Dark red, conic apple.	Eating

Gala, Royal Gala agm	-	New Zealand	1970s	A small to medium-sized conic apple. Thin, tannic skin is yellow-green with a red blush overlaid with reddish-orange streaks.	Eating

Garden Royal	-	Sudbury, Massachusetts, US	1800s	A medium-sized roundish-oblate, sometimes slightly conical apple. Greenish-yellow skin is striped and splashed with bright red, dull or grayish toward the stem; dots few, light and gray; cavity deep, basin shallow, slightly uneven.	Eating

Gascoyne's Scarlet	-	Kent, England	1871	large red fruit	Eating

Geheimrat Dr. Oldenburg	-	Germany	1897	Created at the Höheren Lehranstalt für Obstbau of Geisenheim in the Rheingau; Minister von Hammerstein × Baumanns Renette.	Eating

George Cave	Essex, UK	1923	Pale green-yellow fruit with red flush. Early harvest.	Eating

George Neal agm	Kent, UK	1904	Pale green to yellow colour, will keep nicely until late autumn.	Cooking

Glockenapfel	-	Switzerland	17th century	A medium-sized green-yellow elongate bell-shaped apple, sometimes takes on a reddish blush. Tart and juicy, stores well, taste improves with age.	Cooking, Eating

Gloster (aka Gloster 69)	-	Germany	1969	Conical shape. Somewhat tart, ruby red colour like parent Red Delicious. Good choice for backyard gardening.	Eating

Ginger Gold	-	Virginia, US	1960s	Tangy flavour, crunchy texture, pale green-yellow colour. Noted for being an extremely early bearer (Europe by September 1, California late July, Eastern US in August).	Cooking, Eating

Golden Delicious agm	-	Clay County, West Virginia, US	1914	One of the most popular varieties in the world. Due to its regular size, even colour and storage qualities the fruit is widely sold commercially.	Eating

Golden Noble agm	-	England	1820	Tree is short and stocky. Produces mint green fruit with blush of pink.	Eating

Golden Orange	Italy	1979 released 1996	PRI 1956-6 × Ed Gould Golden. Resistant to scab.	Eating

Golden Russet	-	New York	1845 (documented)	A medium-sized heavily russeted light green apple, occasionally with a reddish blush. Crisp, fine-grained flesh is rich, sugary and very sweet.	Cider, Eating

Golden Spire	Lancashire, UK	1850	An old Northern English variety. Unusually tall and oblong with a tart flavour.	Cider, Eating

Golden Supreme	Idaho, US	1960	Eating

Goldrush	Indiana, US	1980	The fruit has a complex spicy flavor with high acidity and sweetness. Acidity moderates in cold storage, with exceptional quality after 2 to 3 months.	Eating

Goldspur	-	Eating

Gordon	Whittier, California, USA	1977	A low chill hour cultivar developed by Robert B. Gordon in Whittier, CA from unknown parentage.	Eating & Cooking

Gradirose	Languedoc-Roussillon, France	2004	Created by Pépinières Grard. Early dessert apple with pink blush. Ripens in September and stores well. Very productive.	Eating

Gragg (aka Red Gragg, Winter Queen)	North Carolina, US	1860	Originated on the farm of James Gragg in Caldwell County, NC about 1860. Valued by North Carolina growers for its fine cooking qualities, crispness and long storage ability.	Cooking, Eating

Granny Smith	-	Australia	1868	This is the apple once used to represent Apple Records. A favourite variety, widely sold in the UK.	Cooking, Eating

Gravenstein	Gravensteiner.poupou.JPG	Gråsten, Jutland, Denmark	17th century	A medium-sized early yellow-green apple, often with red stripes. Crisp, sweet, tart flavour.	Cooking, Eating

Green Cheese	North Carolina or Georgia, US	18th century	A very old southern apple thought to have originated in North Carolina or Georgia but its true origin is uncertain. The fruit is medium to large, oblate to oblique in shape.	Eating

Greensleeves agm	Kent, UK	1966	Golden Delicious × James Grieve; good garden apple, with a pleasant but unexceptional flavour. Likely named for famous Renaissance era song.	Eating

Grenadier agm	England	1862 (documented)	Possibly one of the strangest of all British apples: it is ribbed and lumpy with a tough coat, looking as though it has taken a beating.	Cooking

Grimes Golden	-	Brooke County, West Virginia, US	1804	A medium-sized roundish to slightly oblong apple. Greenish-yellow skin, ripening to a clear yellow, stem cavity sometimes russeted, covered with yellow or russet dots.	Cider, Cooking, Eating

Haralson	Minnesota, US	1923	Red colour and large, moderately conspicuous dots. Crisp and juicy with a tart flavour. Excellent choice for pies.	Cooking, Eating

Harrison Cider Apple	New Jersey, US	1770	Yellow skin, sometimes red-blush, black spots, small size, sweet, rich and dry.	Cooking, Cider

Hawaii	1945 (introduced)	Noted for pineapple-like taste.	Eating

Herefordshire Russet	Kent, England	2002	Cox's Orange Pippin x Idared. Rich, aromatic flavour. Pick early October, stores until January. Crops well.	Eating.

Heyer 12	Very cold-tolerant.	Eating

Honeycrisp	-	Minnesota, US	1960	Has excellent eating and keeping qualities. Mottled red and yellow colour.	Eating

Honeygold	Minnesota, US	1969	Sweet tasting fruit. Tree has very showy, light pink blossoms in spring.	Eating

Howgate Wonder	Isle of Wight, UK	1960	Usually a big apple. Makes a lot of juice.	Cooking

Idared agm	-	Moscow, Idaho, US	1942	A medium-sized deep red apple. Crisp white flesh is tart and juicy, and can be somewhat bland if eaten out of hand, however, Idared is an exceptional cooking apple.	Cooking

Irish Peach	Kilkenny, Ireland	19th century	Excellent for baking. Early harvest.	Cooking, Eating

James Grieve agm	-	Edinburgh, Scotland	1893	Good taste, but poor keeper (bruises easily).	Cooking, Eating

Jazz (Scifresh)	-	New Zealand	2007 (launched)	Bright red round apple with subtle yellow under-striping. Tart to sweet, dense and very crunchy with effervescent texture.	Eating

Jonagold agm	-	New York	1968	Popular in Europe and land of origin. Several highly coloured strains are available. Widely sold commercially in the UK.	Eating, Cooking

Jonathan	-	New York	1820s	Tart taste. Mostly red apple with patches of lime green. Does well in cooler areas; some frost resistance.	Cooking (Pie), Eating

Junaluska	North Carolina, US	c. 1815	Battle of Horseshoe Bend, believed to have planted original tree. Extremely russeted and ugly apple but very hardy tree with superior taste to commercial varieties.	Cooking, Cider, Eating

Junami	-	Switzerland	c. 2010	A cross between Ideared and Maigold with Elstar. Beautifully round, fresh and fruity taste with a crunchy bite.	Cooking, Eating

Jupiter agm	-	North Carolina, US	c. 1815	A large, round, slightly conic apple. Light yellow-green skin with a red-orange blush and stripes.	Eating

Kalmar Glasäpple	-	Sweden	18th century	The body is light yellow, and the taste is a mix of acidity and sweetness. Harvesting may begin in early October and it is typically fully ripe in early December.	Cooking, Eating

Kanzi (Nicoter)	-	Belgium	1991	Gala × Braeburn. Crunchy, juicy, sweet, slightly tangier than Gala.	Eating

Karmijn de Sonnaville	Malus - Karmijn de Sonnaville.JPG	Wageningen, Netherlands	1949	Yellow ground colour when ripe, with red flush, and russet depending on the season. Large apple, though shape can be irregular.	Cooking (Apple Juice), Eating

Katy	Sweden	1947	Medium-sized early eating apple with red skin and pale cream flesh. Well suited to Northern European climate.	Eating

Kerry Pippin	County Antrim, Ireland	c. 1805	Pale to golden yellow flesh. Delightful spicy taste. Well suited to Ireland's moist, cool climate.	Eating

Kidd's Orange Red agm	New Zealand	1924	Cox's Orange Pippin × Delicious. Yellow skin with orange red flush. Chewy rather than crunchy.	Eating

King	-	United States	Eating

King of the Pippins agm	UK	Suitable for more northerly (southerly in the Southern Hemisphere) areas with higher rainfall	Eating, cooking

King Russet agm	UK	Russetted form of 'King of the Pippins'	Eating

Knobbed Russet	Sussex, England	1819	Green and yellow, with rough and black russet. Unusually irregular, warty and knobbly surface.	Cider, Eating

Kosztela	Poland	16th century	Eating

Lady Alice	Washington, US	1979	Medium-sized, roundish oblate with thin yellow-green skin with an orange blush and bright red stripes. Crisp yellowish-white flesh is sweet with hints of honey and almond.

Lane's Prince Albert agm	-	England	1841	Green with orange blush. Makes a good apple crumble for Christmas: peak ripening happens in winter.	Cooking

Laxton's Epicure agm	UK	Aromatic sweet fruit, tendency to biennial habit, bruises easily.

Laxton's Fortune See 'Fortune'

Laxton's Superb	England	1897	Wyken Pippin × Cox's Orange Pippin. Classic old Victorian, British apple.	Eating

Liberty	New York	1978	Very disease-resistant. Very similar appearance to McIntosh, relatively short storage life in air.	Eating

Limelight	Kent, England	2000	Greensleeves type; abundant cropping and a compact tree. A pale green apple with a smooth finish and occasional pink blush.	Eating

Liveland Raspberry apple	Livland Governorate	Old	Eating

Lodi	Ohio, US	1911	Fruit pale yellow flushed with deeper yellow. Resistant to scab. Tangy taste.	Eating

Lord Derby	Cheshire, England	c. 1850	Yellowish green apple. Acid flavour, likes cooler weather.	Cooking

Lord Lambourne agm	-	England	1921	James Grieve apple × Worcester Pearmain. Round shape.	Eating

Macoun	-	New York	1923	Cold-tolerant. Crunchy. Does very well in salads.	Eating

Maiden's Blush	Burlington, New Jersey, US	19th century	A thin-skinned, flattened apple. Pale yellow-green skin has a telltale crimson blush on the side that faced the sun.	Cooking, Eating

Malinda	Vermont, US	1860	Small, conical with sheep's nose; deep, rich yellow with red spots possible. Dry, dense, substantive flesh; mild, pear-like flavour.	Cooking, Eating

Mantet	-	Manitoba, Canada	1929 (introduced)	Amber fruit washed with red. Summer apple. Does not do well in warm climates.	Eating

Manks Codlin	Malus domestica Manks Codlin Locatie De Kruidhof.JPG	Isle of Man	1815 (First fruited)	Pale yellow medium-sized fruit with occasional flush of red. Hardy. Heavy producing.	Cooking

Margil	London	1750s	Small, highly flavoured apple held in very high esteem by connoisseurs. Medium to small in size, slightly conical in shape, dull green skin with an orange-red blush, some russeting.	Eating

May Queen	-	Worcester, England	1800s	Large, oblate, often russetted yellow apple with bright red blush and stripes. Crisp, greenish-yellow flesh, rich, nutty flavour.	Eating

McIntosh	-	Ontario, Canada	1811	A popular, cold-tolerant eating apple in North America.	Cooking (applesauce), Eating, Pies

Melba	-	Ontario	Eating

Melon	-	Connecticut	1800	Eating

Melrose	-	Ohio, US	1944	Flavour improves in storage. Coarse flesh.	Eating

Merton Charm agm	UK	Semi-weeping habit, heavy crops of small fruit unless thinned

Merton Worcester	England	1956	Cox's Orange Pippin × Worcester Pearmain. Developed at John Innes Institute.	Eating

Miller's Seedling	Berkshire, England	1848	Sweet apple. Tree prefers chalky soils.	Eating

Mollie's Delicious	New Jersey, US	1966	Conical shape, pinkish red colour. Lasts long in refrigeration. Good aftertaste.	Eating

Mother (American Mother)	Massachusetts, US	1840	Medium-sized yellow apple with crimson stripes and darker red blush. White flesh is rich, sweet and juicy.	Eating

Muscadet de Dieppe	Normandy, France	c. 1750	Commonly used in making Calvados brandy.	Cider

Mutsu	-	Aomori Prefecture, Japan	1930	Known as "Crispin" in the UK. Golden Delicious × Indo.	Eating

My Jewel	Watsonville, California	c. 1940	Originated as a chance seedling, a cross between Winter Banana and Golden Delicious. Yellow colour.	Eating, Cooking, Cider

Newell-Kimzey ( Airlie Red Flesh)	Airlie, Oregon	1961	A medium to medium -large, conic apple. Light yellow-green skin with white dots, occasionally with red-orange blush on one side.Light pink to deep red flesh is crisp, sweet and moderately tart.	Eating, pies

Newtown Pippin (Albemarle Pippin)	-	Queens County, New York	1759	Best known colonial apple in North America. Known favourite of Ben Franklin and Thomas Jefferson.	Cooking, Eating, Cider

Newton Wonder agm	Melbourne, Derbyshire, England	1870s	Very good cooker. Prolific bearer, can be harvested in winter. Keeps well until March.	Cooking

Nickajack	North Carolina, United States	c. 1810	Native American origin, believed to be originally grown by Cherokee along banks of Nickajack Creek. Only grown in Appalachians, favourite of later settlers for desserts.	Cooking, Eating

Norfolk Royal	England	c. 1850	Crisp, sharply sweet and well-flavoured. Available as a russet or smooth.	Eating

Northern Spy	-	New York	c. 1800	Tart, firm, stores very well. Noted for being excellent choice for making American-style apple pie. Sometimes used as a rootstock.	Cider, Cooking, Eating

Opal	Opal-CTH.JPG	Czech Republic	1999	Firm, fine to medium grained, medium juicy, full flavoured, sweet, mild-subacid. Golden Delicious × Topaz.	Eating

Orin	-	Fukushima, Japan	1952	Sweet and distinctive fragrance. Notes of pineapple. Medium hardness. Golden Delicious × Indo.	Eating

Orleans Reinette	-	Orleans, France	1776	Reliable bearer. Extraordinary complex flavour, similar to Blenheim Orange, but not related.	Eating

Ozark Gold	Missouri, US	1970	Light green with pink blush. Has taste with notes of honey.	Eating

Pacific Rose	-	New Zealand	1995	Extremely crisp, sweet apple. Also grows well in California.	Eating

Pam's Delight	Bedfordshire, England	1958	A medium-sized apple with a red blush. Flesh is crisp, juicy and sweet-tasting.	Eating

Paula Red	-	Kent County, Michigan, US	1960s	Firm white flesh; McIntosh mutation.	Eating

Peasgood's Nonsuch agm	-	England	1858	A very large yellowish-green apple, deepening to orange-yellow, flushed and striped red with some russet patches. Flesh is sweet and juicy.	Cooking, Eating

Pink Pearl	-	California, US	1944	Noted for having bright pink flesh. Sweet.	Eating

Pinova	-	Germany	1986	Bred in Germany over an 18-year period. Marketed as "Piñata" in the United States.	Cooking, Eating

Pitmaston Pineapple	-	Moseley, Worcester, England	1785	Pitmaston Pineapple is a dessert apple known since 1785. Small oblong apples with a yellow-green russeted skin.

Pixie agm	England	1947	Resistant to scab and mildew. Very small apple.	Eating

Pristine	-	USA	Resistant to most diseases	Eating

Prima	USA	1958	Resistant to scab and most diseases	Eating

Porter's	US	Smallish, squat, deep golden yellow colour with red blush and firm, white, fine-grained aromatic sweet flesh.	Eating, Cooking or Cider.

Pott's Seedling	England	Pale green to yellow colour and white flesh.	Cooking

Pound Sweet	Manchester, Connecticut, US	1834	Amber coloration. Used mostly for making apple butter. Russets. Does well in moderate cold. Suitable to areas with snowy winters.	Cooking

Rajka	Malus Rajka Apple.JPG	Czechoslovakia	Scab-resistant cross of Rezista × Rome	Eating

Red Astrachan	-	Russia	c. 1800	Extremely resistant to frost.	Cooking

Red Delicious	-	Iowa, US	c. 1870	Unmistakable for its acutely conic shape, dark red colour and telltale bumps on bottom. Flavour is sweet and mild.	Eating

Red Prince	-	Weert, Netherlands	1994	Medium-sized, conic, uniform deep red skin. White flesh is crisp, sweet and juicy, with hints of cherry and almond.	Eating, Cooking

Rev. W. Wilks	Slough, Buckinghamshire, England	1904	Peasgood's Nonsuch x Ribston Pippin. Pastel green with a light pink flush.	Cooking

Rhode Island Greening	-	Newport, Rhode Island, US	1650s	Extremely old variety for United States, second only to Roxbury Russet in age. Tartness can make eyes water.	Cider, Cooking

Ribston Pippin agm	-	Knaresborough, North Yorkshire, England	1708	An irregularly-shaped and sometimes lopsided apple, usually round to conical and flattened at the base with distinct ribbing. Skin is yellow with an orange blush and red streaked with russet dots.	Eating

Rome Beauty	-	Rome, Ohio, United States	19th century	Rounded, deep red, and very glossy. Crisp, juicy white flesh is mild as a dessert apple, but develops an extraordinary depth and richness when cooked.	Cooking

Rosemary Russet agm	UK	Regular cropper. Fruit sweet and sharp, like 'Ashmead's Kernel'.

Roxbury Russet	Massachusetts, United States	c. 1640	First tree a chance seedling grown in Roxbury, Massachusetts, now a neighborhood of Boston. Oldest known variety of apple in America, planted by Pilgrim Fathers as foundation stock for Massachusetts Bay Colony.	Cooking (pies), Eating, Cider.

Royal Gala See Gala

Rozela	Czech Republic	2008	Flesh is medium firm, juicy with great aromatic flavour and delicate smell. The skin is attractive bright red with prominent lenticels.	Eating

Rubens (Civni)	-	Italy	1985	Sweet and crunchy; Gala × Elstar.	Eating

St. Edmund's Pippin agm	Suffolk, England	1870s	Unusual in fact that it has scaly russet patches mixed with smooth. Has vanilla/pear taste. Usually a light yellow-green.	Eating

Santana	-	Wageningen, Netherlands	1978	Scab resistant.	Eating.

Saturn	Kent, England	1980	Scab resistant.	Eating.

Scrumptious	Kent, England	2003	Sweet and crisp. Self-fertile, mid-season variety that ripens in early September and will store well for about a month.	Eating

Shinano Sweet	Nagano, Japan	1978	mid-season crops. Tsugaru x Fuji	Eating

Shockley	-	Jackson County, Georgia (USA)	1852	Small to large. Yellowish and green skin with reddish stripes. Rich sweet taste with vinous flavour.	Eating, preserves

Sirius	Czech Republic	2007	Flesh yellow, firm, crisp, fine grained, very juicy, well balanced sugar and acid level, rich flavour	Eating

Smokehouse	Mill Creek, Pennsylvania, US	1837	A medium to small apple. Greenish-yellow with flushed red-orange stripes.	Eating, Cooking, Cider.

Snow apple (Fameuse)	Quebec, Canada	17th century	Tender, aromatic, distinct flavour. A parent of McIntosh.	Cider, cooking, eating

Sonya	New Zealand	2000	Cross between a Red Delicious and Gala. Coppery coloration. Crisp.	Eating

Ros Picant	Romania	19th century	Characterized by its distinct, faintly spicy flavor. Green and yellow, mostly used for making cider and Pálinka.	Cider, cooking, Eating

Spartan	-	British Columbia, Canada	1926	Good all-purpose, medium-sized apple. Has a bright red blush and may have background patches of greens and yellows.	Cooking, Eating

Splendour/Splendor	New Zealand	1948	Descendant of Red Dougherty x Golden Delicious, ancestor of Pacific Rose and Aurora Golden Gala	Eating

Star of Devon	UK	1905	medium-sized red dessert apple	Eating

Stark Earliest	Malus domestica 'Stark's Earliest'. Locatie De Kruidhof 02.JPG	US	1938	Does nicely in fruit salads. Red striping on light background. Ripens in summer.	Eating

Stayman	US	1866	Dullish red skin often covered with a light russet. Tart, wine-like flavour. Stores well. Particularly known for tangy cider.	Cider, Cooking, Eating

Streifling Herbst	Netherlands or Western Europe	Sour sweet. Popular in Eastern Europe	Eating, juice, jam, compote, dried

Sturmer Pippin	Sturmer, Essex, England	c. 1800	A medium-sized, bright greenish-yellow apple with a reddish-brown blush, often on one face only. White-fleshed and crisp.	Eating

Summerfree	Italy	1998	Resistant to scab. Spreading habit with moderate vigour, fruit is large, average weight of 175 g, skin is smooth, ripens 1–2 days before Gala, good storage ability.	Eating

Sunset agm	-	England	1918	Easy to grow. Has very similar flavour to Cox's Orange Pippin. Won't do well in heat.	Eating

Suntan agm	-	UK	Fruits ripen orange-red, flavour is sharp and intense

Sutton Beauty	Sutton, Massachusetts	c. 1757	Eating

Sweet Sixteen	Minnesota, US	1973	Large fruit, some russeting near top. Moderately acidic taste.	Eating

SweeTango	-	Minnesota, US	2009	Juicy and sweet, and viewed as a successor to the Honeycrisp by many growers.	Eating

Teser	USA	1944	Resistant to scab.	Eating

Tolman Sweet	US	1822	Very sweet apple. Once used to make dried fruit for winter.	Cider, Cooking

Tom Putt	-	Trent, Dorset, England	18th century	Small to medium, flat and irregularly shaped apple. Green, usually covered entirely with a bright red blush.	Cider, Cooking

Topaz	ApfelTopaz159.JPG	Czechoslovakia	1990	Rubin × Vanda, scab-resistant, sharp flavour.	Cider, Cooking, Eating

Tsugaru	-	Aomori, Japan	1930	Golden Delicious × Jonathan	Eating

Twenty Ounce	New York	1840	Huge: apple weighs over one pound, or nearly 500 g. Green overlaid with broad red striping.	Cider, Cooking, Eating

Tydeman's Early Worcester	England	1929	Mclntosh × Worcester Pearmain. Crimson over yellow background colour.	Eating

Tydeman's Late Orange	England	1930	Good storage qualities, but loses fragrance with age.	Eating

Wagener	New York	1795	Antique American variety, known since Colonial times. Tree is scab-resistant.	Cider, Cooking, Eating

Warner's King agm	Kent, England	c. 1700	Oblong and light green. Very tart. Do not attempt to eat out of hand.	Cooking

Westfield Seek-No-Further	Westfield, Massachusetts, US	18th century	A medium-sized conic to truncate-conic apple. Greenish-yellow, dull skin, flushed orange with carmine stripes, russet dots and patches.	Eating

Wealthy	-	Minnesota, US	1860	Cherry Red × Sops of Wine. Pretty reddish pink coat.	Eating

White Transparent	-	Latvia	1850	Very pale green skin with an almost white flesh, it is very sharp in taste. Fruit bruises easily and goes soft once harvested.	Cooking

Winesap	United States	1817	Sweet with tangy finish. Reddish blush flecked with some green.	Cider, Eating

Winston (Winter King) agm	-	England	c. 1935	Cox Orange × Worcester Pearmain. Originally called Winter King because of its extraordinary keeping ability, renamed during World War II for Winston Churchill.

Wijcik McIntosh	British Columbia, Canada	Mid 1960's	Mutation of McIntosh apple that first showed columnar ornamental properties	Eating, Cooking, Ornamental

Wolf River	-	Wisconsin, US	1881	Apple very large, some growing to size of large grapefruit. Red with yellow blush.	Cooking, Eating

Worcester Pearmain agm	-	Worcestershire, England	1873	Crisp and sweet strawberry flavour when ripe. Best if eaten early in season (September).	Eating

Wyken Pippin	England or Netherlands	Old	Small flattened golden apple with delicious flavor	Eating

York Imperial agm	-	York, Pennsylvania, US	1820	Tart yet sweet, preserves well, lop-sided shape	Cider, Cooking, Eating

Zestar	Minnesota, US	1999	Red and greenish-yellow, round, sweet and tangy, preserves well	Cooking, Eating

Sentence(s)

The Airlie Red Flesh is a cultivar of apple.

final_sentence: The Airlie Red Flesh is a cultivar of apple.