List of domesticated animals
Domestic animals

List of domesticated animals

Section Title: Domestic animals
Table Section Text: None

Species and subspecies	Wild ancestor	Date	Location of origin	Purpose	Image	Degree and type of domestication	Extent in wild vs captivity	Taxon group

Dog (Canis familiaris)	Extinct Pleistocene population of Gray wolf (Canis lupus)	13000 BCE	Europe	Pets, hunting, herding, guarding, pest control, transportation, draft, working, show, racing, sport, meat, rescuing, guiding, fighting, service, research, policing, narcotics detection, patrol, fibre	-	Tame (with exceptions), significant physical changes, probably significant behavioral changes	Domestic and feral dogs both very common, ancestor or nearest wild relative less common but not rare	1c Carnivora

Goat (Capra aegagrus hircus)	Bezoar ibex (Capra aegagrus aegagrus)	10000 BCE	Iran	milk, meat, fibre, skin, show, racing, fighting, clearing land, pets, horns, guarding, weed control	-	Slight physical changes	Common in captivity, threatened in wild, feral goats common	1b Bovidae

Domestic pig (Sus scrofa domesticus)	Anatolian boar (Sus scrofa libycus), Northern Chinese boar (Sus scrofa moupinensis)	9000 BCE	Western Asia, China	meat, leather, research, show, racing, fighting, truffles, pets, tusks, guarding, manure, weed control	-	Some physical changes	Common in the wild. Much more common in captivity. Feral animals common in some areas.	1a Artiodactyla except Bovidae

Sheep (Ovis aries)	Unknown ancestor, possibly Armenian mouflon (Ovis orientalis gmelini)	9000 BCE to 8500 BCE	Anatolia, Zagros mountains	fibre, meat, milk, leather, pelt, vellum, pets, show, racing, research, guarding, fighting, ornamental, horns, lawn mowing, weed control	-	Some physical changes	Common in captivity, threatened in the wild	1b Bovidae

Cattle (Bos taurus)	Eurasian aurochs (Bos primigenius)†	8000 BCE	Western Asia	meat, milk, leather, hides, working, plowing, draft, vellum, blood, transportation, soil fertilization, fighting, show, racing, pets, horns, guarding, dung, mount, fibre, weed control	Koe in weiland bij Gorssel.JPG	Some physical changes	Very common in captivity, wild relatives extinct, feral cattle fairly common	1b Bovidae

Zebu (Bos taurus indicus)	Indian aurochs (Bos primigenius namadicus)†	8000 BCE	India	meat, milk, leather, hides, working, plowing, draft, vellum, blood, transportation, soil fertilization, fighting, show, racing, pets, horns, dung, mount	Female zebu cattle.JPG	Considerable physical changes	Wild relatives extinct, common in captivity	1b Bovidae

Cat (Felis catus)	African wildcat (Felis lybica)	8000–7500 BCE	Near East	pets, pest control, show, pelt, research	-	Tame, some physical changes	Very abundant in captivity, true wildcats less abundant though not rare. Feral populations very common.	1c Carnivora

Chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus)	Red junglefowl (Gallus gallus murghi) with some contribution from the Grey junglefowl (Gallus sonneratii)	6000 BCE	India and Southeast Asia	meat, eggs, feathers, leather, show, racing, ornamental, fighting, pest control, pets, guarding, manure, weed control	-	Some physical changes, considerable reproductive changes	Very common in captivity and the wild	2b Galliformes

Domestic guinea pig (Cavia porcellus)	Montane guinea pig (Cavia tschudii)	5000 BCE	Peru	pets, show, racing, research, meat, lawn mowing, weed control	-	Tame, slight physical changes	Somewhat common in captivity and the wild	1d Rodentia

Donkey (Equus africanus asinus)	Nubian wild ass (Equus africanus africanus), Somali wild ass (Equus africanus somaliensis)	5000 BCE	Egypt	transportation, working, plowing, draft, mount, meat, milk, pets, racing, guarding, lawn mowing, patrol, manure, weed control	-	Slight physical changes	Somewhat common in captivity and as feral animals, wild animals critically endangered,	1e Other mammals

Domestic duck (Anas platyrhynchos domesticus)	Mallard (Anas platyrhynchos)	4000 BCE	China	meat, feathers, eggs, pets, show, racing, ornamental, guarding, pest control, weed control	-	Considerable physical changes	Common in captivity, but more abundant in the wild	2a Anseriformes

Water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis)	Wild water buffalo (Bubalus arnee)	4000 BCE	India, China, Philippines	working, plowing, draft, mount, fighting, meat, show, racing, milk, pets, horns, patrol, dung	-	Mainly unchanged from wild animal	Common in captivity, endangered in the wild	1b Bovidae

Western honey bee (Apis mellifera), including subspecies Italian bee (A. mellifera ligustica), European dark bee (A.	Western honey bee (Apis mellifera), Italian bee (A. mellifera ligustica), European dark bee (A.	4000 BCE (1880s for A.m. ligustica, modern for A.m. mellifera, uncertain for A.m. carnica, A.m. caucasia and A.m. cecropia)	Europe, Asia and Africa	honey, wax, pollination, pollen, brood, royal jelly, propolis	-	Some physical and behavioral changes. Domestication status is a point of contention. See Western honey bee for details.	Very common in captivity, feral populations common, wild status unclear	6a Hymenoptera

Dromedary camel (Camelus dromedarius)	Thomas' camel (Camelus thomasi)†	4000 BCE	Arabia	transportation, working, hunting, plowing, draft, mount, show, racing, fighting, milk, meat, pets, patrol, hair, weed control	-	Tame, few physical changes	Moderately common in captivity, small feral population in original range, significant feral population in Australia, true wild dromedaries may be extinct	1a Artiodactyla except Bovidae

Horse (Equus ferus caballus)	Extinct unknown population of Wild horse possibly Tarpan (Equss ferus ferus)	3500 BCE	Kazakhstan	transportation, milk, meat, working, guiding, servicing, herding, hunting, execution, plowing, draft, mount, patrol fighting, show, racing, pets, hair, manure	-	Tame, some physical changes, mainly in coloration	Common in captivity, very rare in wild, feral populations common	1e Other mammals

Domestic silkmoth (Bombyx mandarina mori)	Wild silkmoth (Bombyx mandarina)	3000 BCE	China	silk, animal feed, pets, meat	-	Tame/held captive, some physical changes	Fairly common in captivity, wild extent unclear	6b Other insects

Domestic pigeon (Columba livia domestica)	Rock dove (Columba livia)	3000 BCE	Mediterranean Basin	show, ornamental, messenger, meat, racing, pets	-	Artificially selected into many varieties, including meat breeds, racing/messenger breeds, and fancy plumage breeds	Relatively common in captivity, very common in the wild, feral pigeons extremely abundant	2c Columbiformes

Domestic goose (Anser anser domesticus and Anser cygnoides domesticus)	Greylag goose (Anser anser) and Swan goose (A. cygnoides)	3000 BCE for A. anser, date uncertain for A. cygnoides.	Egypt (A. anser), China (A. cygnoides)	meat, feathers, eggs, show, guarding, pest control, pets, weed control	Neugierige Hausgans.JPG	Considerable physical changes	Common in captivity and the wild	2a Anseriformes

Yak (Bos grunniens)	Wild yak (Bos mutus)	2500 BCE	Tibet, Nepal	milk, transportation, working, plowing, mount, racing, fighting, meat, fibre, guarding, pets, horns, patrol, dung	-	Tame, slight physical changes	Fairly common in captivity; threatened in the wild.	1b Bovidae

Domestic Bactrian camel (Camelus bactrianus)	Wild Bactrian camel (Camelus ferus)	2500 BCE	Central Asia (Afghanistan)	milk, transportation, working, hunting, plowing, draft, mount, fighting, show, racing, meat, hair, pets	-	Tame, few physical changes	Moderately common in captivity, critically endangered in the wild	1a Artiodactyla except Bovidae

Llama (Lama glama)	Guanaco (Lama guanicoe cacsilensis)	2400 BCE	Peru, Bolivia	transportation, working, draft, pack, meat, show, racing, pets, guarding, weed control, fibre	-	Slight physical changes	Fairly common in captivity and the wild	1a Artiodactyla except Bovidae

Alpaca (Vicugna pacos)	Vicuña (Vicugna vicugna mensalis)	2400 BCE	Peru, Bolivia	fibre, meat, show, pets, guarding, milk, lawn mowing, weed control	-	Considerable physical changes	Fairly common in captivity and the wild	1a Artiodactyla except Bovidae

Domestic guineafowl (Numida meleagris)	West African guineafowl (Numida meleagris galeatus)	2400 BCE	Africa	meat, eggs, pest control, show, alarming, pets, guarding, manure	-	Mainly unaltered from wild population	Somewhat common in captivity and in the wild	2b Galliformes

Fuegian dog (Lycalopex culpaeus)†	Culpeo (Lycalopex culpaeus)	Date uncertain	Chile	hunting, pets, warmth, guarding	-	Tame, slight physical changes	Extinct in captivity	1c Carnivora

Ferret (Mustela putorius furo)	European polecat (Mustela putorius)	1500 BCE	Europe	pets, hunting, pest control, show, racing	-	Tame, slight physical changes	Common in captivity, somewhat common in the wild. Feral ferrets rare	1c Carnivora

Domestic muscovy duck (Cairina moschata domestica)	Muscovy duck (Cairina moschata)	700–600 BCE	South America	meat, feathers, eggs, show, pets, guarding, pest control	-	Tame, some physical changes	Common in captivity, feral populations are rare	2a Anseriformes

Barbary dove (Streptopelia roseogrisea risoria)	African collared dove (Streptopelia roseogrisea)	500 BCE	North Africa	show, pets, meat	-	Slight physical changes	Common in captivity and feral populations	2c Columbiformes

Bali cattle (Bos javanicus domesticus)	Javan banteng (Bos javanicus javanicus)	Date uncertain	Southeast Asia, Bali	meat, milk, show, racing, working, plowing, draft, horns	Banteng Domesticated Bali Bull.PNG	Slight physical changes	Common in captivity, endangered in the wild	1b Bovidae

Gayal (Bos frontalis)	Gaur (Bos gaurus)	Date uncertain	Southeast Asia, Northeast India	meat, milk, horns	Bos gaurus (Gayal) male.JPG	Slight physical changes	Somewhat common in captivity, threatened in the wild	1b Bovidae

Domestic turkey (Meleagris gallopavo domesticus)	South Mexican wild turkey (Meleagris gallopavo gallopavo)	180 CE	Mexico	meat, feathers, eggs, show, pets, pest control, guarding, manure	-	Considerable physical changes	Common in captivity and wild	2b Galliformes

Goldfish (Carassius auratus)	Wild goldfish (Carassius auratus)	300 CE to 400 CE	China	pets, show, racing, ornamental, pest control	-	Tame/held captive, significant physical changes	Very common and abundant in captivity, wild extent is unclear	5a Cyprinidae

Domestic rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus)	Iberian rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus algirus)	600 CE	Europe	pelt, fibre, pets, show, racing, research, meat, lawn mowing, weed control	-	Tame, significant physical changes	Common in captivity, rare in native habitat, common in introduced range	1e Other mammals

Koi (Cyprinus rubrofuscus)	Amur carp (Cyprinus rubrofuscus)	11th Century CE	Japan	ornamental, show, pets	-	Tame/held captive, considerable physical changes	Fairly common in captivity, threatened in the wild	5a Cyprinidae

Domestic canary (Serinus canaria domestica)	Atlantic canary (Serinus canaria)	15th century CE	Canary Islands, Europe	pets, research, show, mining, fighting	Zwei Kanarienvögel.JPG	Slight physical changes	Common in captivity and wild	2d Passeriformes

Society finch (Lonchura striata domestica)	White-rumped munia (Lonchura striata)	unknown, may have been introduced to Japan sometime around the early 18th century CE	Japan	pets, research	Rbruni.JPG	Slight physical changes	Fairly common in captivity; does not exist in the wild	2d Passeriformes

Fancy mouse and laboratory mouse (Mus musculus domesticus)	House mouse (Mus musculus)	1100 BCE (China), then 17th century CE (Europe)	China	pets, research, racing, animal feed	-	Tame, significant physical changes	Common in captivity and in the wild	1d Rodentia

Siamese fighting fish (Betta splendens)	Uncertain species of the genus Betta	19th century CE	Thailand	fighting, pets	-	Tame/held captive, very significant physical and slight behavioral changes	5b Other fish

Fancy rat and laboratory rat (Rattus norvegicus domestica)	Brown rat (Rattus norvegicus)	19th century CE	United Kingdom	pets, research, show	Ratte-Vache.jpeg	Tame, some physical and psychological changes	Common in captivity and in the wild	1d Rodentia

Domestic mink (Neovison vison domesticus)	American mink (Neovison vison)	19th century CE	North America	fur, hunting, pest control, pets	-	Some physical and psychological changes	Somewhat common in captivity and in the wild	1c Carnivora

Domesticated red fox (Vulpes vulpes)	Red fox (Vulpes vulpes)	1950s CE	Soviet Union, Russia	pelt, research, pets	-	Tame, some physical changes	Very small domestic population, wild relatives fairly common	1c Carnivora

Domestic hedgehog (Atelerix albiventris domestica)	Four-toed hedgehog (Atelerix albiventris)	1980s CE	Central and Eastern Africa	pets	-	Slight physical changes	Common in the wild. Somewhat rare in captivity	1e Other mammals

Guppy (Poecilia reticulata some strains)	Guppy (Poecilia reticulata)	Date uncertain	Barbados, Brazil, Guyana	pets	-	Tame/held in captivity, significant physical changes	Common in captivity	5b Other fish

Sentence(s)

The water buffalo is a domestic animal.

final_sentence: The water buffalo is a domestic animal.