List of Global Boundary Stratotype Sections and Points
Cretaceous

List of Global Boundary Stratotype Sections and Points

Section Title: Cretaceous
Table Section Text: None

Epoch	Stage	Age (mya)	Status	GSSP location	Defining markers	Geographic Coordinates	References

Upper

Maastrichtian	72.1	-	Grande Carrière quarry, Landes, France	Biologic: 12 biostratigraphic criteria Biologic: First appearance of Pachydiscus neubergicus (Ammonite) is just above the boundary.	43°40′46″N 1°06′48″W / 43.6795°N 1.1133°W

Campanian	83.6	Candidate sections: Seaford Head, Sussex, England Waxahachie dam spillway, Texas, United States	Biologic: Extinction of Marsupites testudinarius (Crinoid).

Santonian	86.3	-	Olazagutia, Spain	Biologic: First appearance of Cladoceramus undulatoplicatus (Inoceramid bivalve).

Coniacian	89.8	Candidate sections: Słupia Nadbrzeżna, Poland Pueblo, Colorado, United States Salzgitter-Salder quarry, Germany	Biologic: First appearance of Cremnoceramus rotundatus (Inoceramid bivalve).

Turonian	93.9	-	Rock Canyon, Colorado, United States	Biologic: First appearance of Watinoceras devonense (Ammonite).	38°16′56″N 104°43′39″W / 38.2822°N 104.7275°W

Cenomanian	100.5	-	Mont Risoux, Hautes-Alpes, France	Biologic: First appearance of Rotalipora globotruncanoides (Planktonic foraminifera)	44°23′33″N 5°30′43″E / 44.3925°N 5.5119°E

Lower

Albian	113	Candidate section: France	Candidates: Haptophyte FAD of Praediscosphaera columnata (= P. cretacea of some earlier studies) Carbon-isotope excursion (black-shale episode) Ammonite

Aptian	125	Candidate section: Gorgo a Cerbara, Piobbico, Central Apennines, Italy	Magnetic: Base of magnetic polarity chronozone M0r. Biologic: Near first appearance of Paradeshayesites oglanlensis (Ammonite).

Barremian	129.4	Candidate section: Río Argos, Caravaca de la Cruz, Murcia Province, Spain	Biologic: First appearance of Spitidiscus hugii or Spitidiscus vandeckii group (Ammonite).

Hauterivian	132.9	Candidate section: La Charce, Drôme, France	Biologic: First appearance of genus Acanthodiscus (Ammonite).

Valanginian	139.8	Candidates sections: Montbrun-les-Bains, Drôme, France Cañada Luenga, Betic Cordillera, Spain	Biologic: First appearance of Calpionellites darderi (Calpionellid). Biologic: First appearance of Thurmanniceras pertransiens (Ammonite).

Berriasian	145	Candidate section: Vaca Muerta, Neuquén Basin, Argentina	Candidates: Magnetic—base of Chron M18r Base of Calpionellid zone B

Sentence(s)

In stratigraphy, the First Appearance of Pachydiscus neubergicus was assigned as the defining biological marker for the start of the Maastrichtian Stage of the Cretaceous, 72.1 million years ago.

final_sentence: In stratigraphy, the First Appearance of Pachydiscus neubergicus was assigned as the defining biological marker for the start of the Maastrichtian Stage of the Cretaceous, 72.1 million years ago.