Isotopes of lead
List of isotopes
Abbreviations: EC: Electron capture IT: Isomeric transition Bold for stable isotopes, bold italics for nearly-stable isotopes (half-life longer than the age of the universe) Used in lead-lead dating Believed to undergo α decay to ²⁰⁰Hg with a half-life over 1.4×10²⁰ years Final decay product of 4n+2 decay chain (the Radium or Uranium series) Believed to undergo α decay to ²⁰²Hg with a half-life over 2.5×10²¹ years Final decay product of 4n+3 decay chain (the Actinium series) Believed to undergo α decay to ²⁰³Hg with a half-life over 1.9×10²¹ years Final decay product of 4n decay chain (the Thorium series) Heaviest observationally stable nuclide, believed to undergo α decay to ²⁰⁴Hg with a half-life over 2.6×10²¹ years Cluster decay product of ²²³Ra, which occurs in the decay chain of ²³⁵U Intermediate decay product of ²³⁸U Intermediate decay product of ²³⁵U Intermediate decay product of ²³²Th

Isotopes of lead

Section Title: List of isotopes
Table Section Text: Abbreviations: EC: Electron capture IT: Isomeric transition Bold for stable isotopes, bold italics for nearly-stable isotopes (half-life longer than the age of the universe) Used in lead-lead dating Believed to undergo α decay to ²⁰⁰Hg with a half-life over 1.4×10²⁰ years Final decay product of 4n+2 decay chain (the Radium or Uranium series) Believed to undergo α decay to ²⁰²Hg with a half-life over 2.5×10²¹ years Final decay product of 4n+3 decay chain (the Actinium series) Believed to undergo α decay to ²⁰³Hg with a half-life over 1.9×10²¹ years Final decay product of 4n decay chain (the Thorium series) Heaviest observationally stable nuclide, believed to undergo α decay to ²⁰⁴Hg with a half-life over 2.6×10²¹ years Cluster decay product of ²²³Ra, which occurs in the decay chain of ²³⁵U Intermediate decay product of ²³⁸U Intermediate decay product of ²³⁵U Intermediate decay product of ²³²Th

nuclide symbol	historic name	Z(p)	N(n)	isotopic mass (u)	half-life	decay mode(s)	daughter isotope(s)	nuclear spin and parity	representative isotopic composition (mole fraction)	range of natural variation (mole fraction)

excitation energy

178Pb	82	96	178.003830(26)	0.23(15) ms	α	174Hg	0+

179Pb	82	97	179.00215(21)#	3.9(1.1) ms	α	175Hg	(9/2-)

180Pb	82	98	179.997918(22)	4.5(11) ms	α	176Hg	0+

181Pb	82	99	180.99662(10)	45(20) ms	α (98%)	177Hg	(9/2-)

β+ (2%)	181Tl

182Pb	82	100	181.992672(15)	60(40) ms [55(+40−35) ms]	α (98%)	178Hg	0+

β+ (2%)	182Tl

183Pb	82	101	182.99187(3)	535(30) ms	α (94%)	179Hg	(3/2−)

β+ (6%)	183Tl

183mPb	94(8) keV	415(20) ms	α	179Hg	(13/2+)

β+ (rare)	183Tl

184Pb	82	102	183.988142(15)	490(25) ms	α	180Hg	0+

β+ (rare)	184Tl

185Pb	82	103	184.987610(17)	6.3(4) s	α	181Hg	3/2−

β+ (rare)	185Tl

185mPb	60(40)# keV	4.07(15) s	α	181Hg	13/2+

β+ (rare)	185Tl

186Pb	82	104	185.984239(12)	4.82(3) s	α (56%)	182Hg	0+

β+ (44%)	186Tl

187Pb	82	105	186.983918(9)	15.2(3) s	β+	187Tl	(3/2−)

α	183Hg

187mPb	11(11) keV	18.3(3) s	β+ (98%)	187Tl	(13/2+)

α (2%)	183Hg

188Pb	82	106	187.980874(11)	25.5(1) s	β+ (91.5%)	188Tl	0+

α (8.5%)	184Hg

188m1Pb	2578.2(7) keV	830(210) ns	(8−)

188m2Pb	2800(50) keV	797(21) ns

189Pb	82	107	188.98081(4)	51(3) s	β+	189Tl	(3/2−)

189m1Pb	40(30)# keV	50.5(2.1) s	β+ (99.6%)	189Tl	13/2+

α (.4%)	185Hg

189m2Pb	2475(30)# keV	26(5) µs	(10)+

190Pb	82	108	189.978082(13)	71(1) s	β+ (99.1%)	190Tl	0+

α (.9%)	186Hg

190m1Pb	2614.8(8) keV	150 ns	(10)+

190m2Pb	2618(20) keV	25 µs	(12+)

190m3Pb	2658.2(8) keV	7.2(6) µs	(11)−

191Pb	82	109	190.97827(4)	1.33(8) min	β+ (99.987%)	191Tl	(3/2−)

α (.013%)	187Hg

191mPb	20(50) keV	2.18(8) min	β+ (99.98%)	191Tl	13/2(+)

α (.02%)	187Hg

192Pb	82	110	191.975785(14)	3.5(1) min	β+ (99.99%)	192Tl	0+

α (.0061%)	188Hg

192m1Pb	2581.1(1) keV	164(7) ns	(10)+

192m2Pb	2625.1(11) keV	1.1(5) µs	(12+)

192m3Pb	2743.5(4) keV	756(21) ns	(11)−

193Pb	82	111	192.97617(5)	5# min	β+	193Tl	(3/2−)

193m1Pb	130(80)# keV	5.8(2) min	β+	193Tl	13/2(+)

193m2Pb	2612.5(5)+X keV	135(+25−15) ns	(33/2+)

194Pb	82	112	193.974012(19)	12.0(5) min	β+ (100%)	194Tl	0+

α (7.3×10−6%)	190Hg

195Pb	82	113	194.974542(25)	~15 min	β+	195Tl	3/2#-

195m1Pb	202.9(7) keV	15.0(12) min	β+	195Tl	13/2+

195m2Pb	1759.0(7) keV	10.0(7) µs	21/2−

196Pb	82	114	195.972774(15)	37(3) min	β+	196Tl	0+

α (3×10−5%)	192Hg

196m1Pb	1049.20(9) keV	<100 ns	2+

196m2Pb	1738.27(12) keV	<1 µs	4+

196m3Pb	1797.51(14) keV	140(14) ns	5−

196m4Pb	2693.5(5) keV	270(4) ns	(12+)

197Pb	82	115	196.973431(6)	8.1(17) min	β+	197Tl	3/2−

197m1Pb	319.31(11) keV	42.9(9) min	β+ (81%)	197Tl	13/2+

IT (19%)	197Pb

α (3×10−4%)	193Hg

197m2Pb	1914.10(25) keV	1.15(20) µs	21/2−

198Pb	82	116	197.972034(16)	2.4(1) h	β+	198Tl	0+

198m1Pb	2141.4(4) keV	4.19(10) µs	(7)−

198m2Pb	2231.4(5) keV	137(10) ns	(9)−

198m3Pb	2820.5(7) keV	212(4) ns	(12)+

199Pb	82	117	198.972917(28)	90(10) min	β+	199Tl	3/2−

199m1Pb	429.5(27) keV	12.2(3) min	IT (93%)	199Pb	(13/2+)

β+ (7%)	199Tl

199m2Pb	2563.8(27) keV	10.1(2) µs	(29/2−)

200Pb	82	118	199.971827(12)	21.5(4) h	β+	200Tl	0+

201Pb	82	119	200.972885(24)	9.33(3) h	EC (99%)	201Tl	5/2−

β+ (1%)	201Tl

201m1Pb	629.14(17) keV	61(2) s	13/2+

201m2Pb	2718.5+X keV	508(5) ns	(29/2−)

202Pb	82	120	201.972159(9)	52.5(28)×103 y	EC (99%)	202Tl	0+

α (1%)	198Hg

202m1Pb	2169.83(7) keV	3.53(1) h	IT (90.5%)	202Pb	9−

EC (9.5%)	202Tl

202m2Pb	4142.9(11) keV	110(5) ns	(16+)

202m3Pb	5345.9(13) keV	107(5) ns	(19−)

203Pb	82	121	202.973391(7)	51.873(9) h	EC	203Tl	5/2−

203m1Pb	825.20(9) keV	6.21(8) s	IT	203Pb	13/2+

203m2Pb	2949.47(22) keV	480(7) ms	29/2−

203m3Pb	2923.4+X keV	122(4) ns	(25/2−)

204Pb	82	122	203.9730436(13)	Observationally Stable	0+	0.014(1)	0.0104–0.0165

204m1Pb	1274.00(4) keV	265(10) ns	4+

204m2Pb	2185.79(5) keV	67.2(3) min	9−

204m3Pb	2264.33(4) keV	0.45(+10−3) µs	7−

205Pb	82	123	204.9744818(13)	15.3(7)×106 y	EC	205Tl	5/2−

205m1Pb	2.329(7) keV	24.2(4) µs	1/2−

205m2Pb	1013.839(13) keV	5.55(2) ms	13/2+

205m3Pb	3195.7(5) keV	217(5) ns	25/2−

206Pb	Radium G	82	124	205.9744653(13)	Observationally Stable	0+	0.241(1)	0.2084–0.2748

206m1Pb	2200.14(4) keV	125(2) µs	7−

206m2Pb	4027.3(7) keV	202(3) ns	12+

207Pb	Actinium D	82	125	206.9758969(13)	Observationally Stable	1/2−	0.221(1)	0.1762–0.2365

207mPb	1633.368(5) keV	806(6) ms	IT	207Pb	13/2+

208Pb	Thorium D	82	126	207.9766521(13)	Observationally Stable	0+	0.524(1)	0.5128–0.5621

208mPb	4895(2) keV	500(10) ns	10+

209Pb	82	127	208.9810901(19)	3.253(14) h	β−	209Bi	9/2+	Trace

210Pb	Radium D Radiolead Radio-lead	82	128	209.9841885(16)	22.3(22) y	β− (100%)	210Bi	0+	Trace

α (1.9×10−6%)	206Hg

210mPb	1278(5) keV	201(17) ns	8+

211Pb	Actinium B	82	129	210.9887370(29)	36.1(2) min	β−	211Bi	9/2+	Trace

212Pb	Thorium B	82	130	211.9918975(24)	10.64(1) h	β−	212Bi	0+	Trace

212mPb	1335(10) keV	6.0(0.8) µs	IT	212Pb	(8+)

213Pb	82	131	212.996581(8)	10.2(3) min	β−	213Bi	(9/2+)

214Pb	Radium B	82	132	213.9998054(26)	26.8(9) min	β−	214Bi	0+	Trace

214mPb	1420(20) keV	6.2(0.3) µs	IT	212Pb	8+#

215Pb	82	133	215.004660(60)	2.34(0.19) min	β−	215Bi	9/2+#

216Pb	82	134	216.008030(210)#	1.65(0.2) min	β−	216Bi	0+

216mPb	1514(20) keV	400(40) ns	IT	216Pb	8+#

217Pb	82	135	217.013140(320)#	20(5) s	β−	217Bi	9/2+#

218Pb	82	136	218.016590(320)#	15(7) s	β−	218Bi	0+

Sentence(s)

²¹⁰Pb has the longest half-life of 22.3 years.

final_sentence: ²¹⁰Pb has the longest half-life of 22.3 years.