Diamond simulant
Summary table
The "refractive index(es)" column shows one refractive index for singly refractive substances, and a range for doubly refractive substances.

Diamond simulant

Section Title: Summary table
Table Section Text: The "refractive index(es)" column shows one refractive index for singly refractive substances, and a range for doubly refractive substances.

Material	Formula	Refractive index(es) 589.3 nm	Dispersion 431–687 nm	Hardness (Mohs' scale)	Density (g/cm3)	Thermal cond.	State of the art

Diamond	C	2.417	0.044	10	3.52	Excellent	(Natural)

Artificial simulants:

Flint glass	Silica with Pb, Al, Tl	~ 1.6	> 0.020	< 6	2.4–4.2	Poor	1700–

White sapphire	Al2O3	1.762–1.770	0.018	9	3.97	Poor	1900–1947

Spinel	MgO·Al2O3	1.727	0.020	8	~ 3.6	Poor	1920–1947

Rutile	TiO2	2.62–2.9	0.33	~ 6	4.25	Poor	1947–1955

Strontium titanate	SrTiO3	2.41	0.19	5.5	5.13	Poor	1955–1970

YAG	Y3Al5O12	1.83	0.028	8.25	4.55–4.65	Poor	1970–1975

GGG	Gd3Ga5O12	1.97	0.045	7	7.02	Poor	1973–1975

Cubic zirconia	ZrO2 (+ rare earths)	~ 2.2	~ 0.06	~ 8.3	~ 5.7	Poor	1976–

Moissanite	SiC	2.648–2.691	0.104	8.5–9.25	3.2	High	1998–

Natural simulants:

Quartz	Silica	1.543–1.554	7	2.50–2.65	Ancient

Zircon	ZrSiO4	1.78–1.99	0.039	6.5–7.5	4.6–4.7	Poor	Ancient

Topaz	Al2SiO4(F, OH)2	1.61–1.64	0.014	8	3.4–3.6	Poor	Ancient

Sentence(s)

GGG had an RI (1.97) and a dispersion (0.045) nearly identical to diamond.

final_sentence: GGG had an RI (1.97) and a dispersion (0.045) nearly identical to diamond.