Human spaceflight
National spacefaring attempts

Human spaceflight

Section Title: National spacefaring attempts
Table Section Text: None

Nation/Organization	Space agency	Term(s) for space traveler	First launched astronaut	Date	Spacecraft	Launcher	Type

Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (1922–1991)	Soviet space program (OKB-1 Design Bureau)	космонавт (same word in:) (in Russian)(in Ukrainian) kosmonavt cosmonaut Ғарышкер(in Kazakh)	Yuri Gagarin	12 April 1961	Vostok spacecraft	Vostok	Orbital

United States of America	National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)	astronaut spaceflight participant	Alan Shepard (suborbital)	5 May 1961	Mercury spacecraft	Redstone	Suborbital

United States of America	National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)	astronaut spaceflight participant	John Glenn (orbital)	20 February 1962	Mercury spacecraft	Atlas LV-3B	Orbital

China People's Republic of China (PRC)	Space program of the People's Republic of China	宇航员 (in Chinese) yǔhángyuán 航天员 (in Chinese) hángtiānyuán	...	1973 (abandoned)	Shuguang 1	Long March 2A	–

China People's Republic of China (PRC)	Space program of the People's Republic of China	宇航员 (in Chinese) yǔhángyuán 航天员 (in Chinese) hángtiānyuán	...	1981 (abandoned)	Piloted FSW	Long March 2	–

-	CNES / European Space Agency (ESA)	spationaute (in French) astronaut	...	1992 (abandoned)	Hermes	Ariane V	–

Russia	Russian Federal Space Agency (Roscosmos)	космонавт (in Russian) kosmonavt cosmonaut	Alexander Viktorenko, Alexander Kaleri	17 March 1992	Soyuz-TM	Soyuz-U2	Soyuz TM-14 to MIR

Iraq Ba'athist Iraq (1968–2003)	...	رجل فضاء (in Arabic) rajul faḍāʼ رائد فضاء (in Arabic) rāʼid faḍāʼ ملاح فضائي (in Arabic) mallāḥ faḍāʼiy	...	2001 (abandoned)	...	Tammouz 2 or 3	–

Japan State of Japan	National Space Development Agency of Japan (NASDA)	宇宙飛行士 (in Japanese) uchūhikōshi or アストロノート astoronoto	...	2003 (abandoned)	HOPE-X	H-II	–

People's Republic of China	China National Space Administration (CNSA)	宇航员 (in Chinese) yǔhángyuán 航天员 (in Chinese) hángtiānyuán taikonaut("太空人" tàikōng rén)	杨利伟 （Yang Liwei）	15 October 2003	Shenzhou spacecraft	Long March 2F	Orbital

India India	Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO)	Vyomanaut (in Sanskrit)	...	2022	Gaganyaan	GSLV Mk III	Orbital

-	European Space Agency (ESA)	astronaut	...	2020 (concept approved in 2009; but full development not begun)	ARV phase-2	Ariane V	–

Japan State of Japan	Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA)	宇宙飛行士 (in Japanese) uchūhikōshi or アストロノート astoronoto	...	HTV-based spacecraft	H-IIB	–

Sentence(s)

The first human spaceflight was launched by the Soviet Union on 12 April 1961, as a part of the Vostok program, with cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin aboard.

final_sentence: The first human spaceflight was launched by the Soviet Union on 12 April 1961, as a part of the Vostok program, with cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin aboard.