List of heads of government of Estonia
List of heads of government

List of heads of government of Estonia

Section Title: List of heads of government
Table Section Text: None

Portrait	Name	Term of Office	Political Party	Cabinet	Riigikogu (Election)	Separate Head of State

Took Office	Left Office	Days

—	-	Konstantin Päts (1874–1956) Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Provisional Government	24 February 1918	12 November 1918	440	Country People's Union (EMRL)	Päts I Provisional EMRL–ETE–EDE–ESDTP	Provisional Provincial Assembly (1917)	None

Prime Minister of the Provisional Government	12 November 1918	27 November 1918	Päts II Provisional EMRL–ETE–EDE EMRL–ETE–EDE–ESDTP

27 November 1918	9 May 1919	Päts III Provisional EMRL–ETE–EDE–ESDTP EMRL–ETE–EDE–ESDTP–SEE EMRL–ETE–EDE–ESDTP–SEE–VKK EMRL–ETE–ERE–ESDTP–SEE–VKK

Declaration of Independence by the Estonian Salvation Committee of the Council of Elders of the Estonian Provincial Assembly (24.02), effective in Tallinn and a few other places.

1	Otto August Strandman (1875–1941) 1st Prime Minister	9 May 1919	18 November 1919	194	Labour Party (ETE)	Strandman I ETE–ESDTP–ERE ETE–ESDTP	Constituent Assembly (1919)

First cabinet appointed after elections in independent Estonia. War against the Baltische Landeswehr (5.06–3.07).

2	-	Jaan Tõnisson (1868–1941?) 2nd Prime Minister	18 November 1919	28 July 1920	254	People's Party (ERE)	Tõnisson I ERE–ETE–ESDTP ERE–ETE–(ESDTP)

Peace talks with the Russian SFSR (from 5.12). Tensions with Latvia due to a border dispute (24.12.1919–22.03.1920).

3	Ado Birk (1883–1942) 3rd Prime Minister	28 July 1920	30 July 1920	3	People's Party (ERE)	Birk ERE–ETE–KRE

Minority government which resigned on the same day and never took office, but was not immediately replaced by the Riigikogu. Previous Prime Minister Jaan Tõnisson was nominated acting Prime Minister (29.07) and was voted into office the next day.

4	-	Jaan Tõnisson (1868–1941?) 4th Prime Minister (2nd term)	30 July 1920	26 October 1920	89	People's Party (ERE)	Tõnisson II ERE

5	Ants Piip (1884–1942) 5th Prime Minister	26 October 1920	20 December 1920	92	Labour Party (ETE)	Piip ETE

1st State Elder	20 December 1920	25 January 1921

—	-	Konstantin Päts (1874–1956) 2nd State Elder (2nd term)	25 January 1921	21 November 1922	666	Farmers' Assemblies (PK)	Päts I PK–ETE–ERE–KRE PK–(ETE)–ERE–KRE PK–ERE–KRE	I (1920)

—	Juhan Kukk (1885–1942) 3rd State Elder	21 November 1922	2 August 1923	255	Labour Party (ETE)	Kukk ETE–PK–ERE ETE–PK–(ERE)

—	-	Konstantin Päts (1874–1956) 4th State Elder (3rd term)	2 August 1923	26 March 1924	238	Farmers' Assemblies (PK)	Päts II PK–KRE–ERE–ETE PK–KRE–ERE–(ETE) PK–KRE–ERE	II (1923)

—	-	Friedrich Karl Akel (1871–1941) 5th State Elder	26 March 1924	16 December 1924	266	Christian People's Party (KRE)	Akel KRE–ETE–ERE

—	Jüri Jaakson (1870–1942) 6th State Elder	16 December 1924	15 December 1925	365	People's Party (ERE)	Jaakson ERE–PK–ESDTP–ETE–KRE ERE–PK–ESTP–ETE–KRE

—	Jaan Teemant (1872–1941?) 7th State Elder	15 December 1925	23 July 1926	725	Farmers' Assemblies (PK)	Teemant I PK–ETE–KRE–ARVK PK–ETE–KRE–ARVK–RVP

23 July 1926	4 March 1927	Teemant II PK–ARVK–KRE–ERE–ÜMSL	III (1926)

4 March 1927	9 December 1927	Teemant III PK–ARVK–ERE–KRE–ÜMSL

—	-	Jaan Tõnisson (1868–1941?) 8th State Elder (3rd term)	9 December 1927	4 December 1928	362	People's Party (ERE)	Tõnisson III ERE–PK–ARVK–ETE

—	August Rei (1886–1963) 9th State Elder	4 December 1928	9 July 1929	218	Socialist Workers' Party (ESTP)	Rei ESTP–ARVK–ETE–KRE

—	Otto August Strandman (1875–1941) 10th State Elder (2nd term)	9 July 1929	12 February 1931	584	Labour Party (ETE)	Strandman II ETE–ARVK–PK–KRE–ERE	IV (1929)

—	-	Konstantin Päts (1874–1956) 11th State Elder (4th term)	12 February 1931	19 February 1932	373	Farmers' Assemblies (PK)	Päts III PK–ERE–ESTP PK–ERE/(KRE)–ESTP PK/(PAVK)–ERE/(KRE)–ESTP PK/(PAVK)–RKE–ESTP

—	Jaan Teemant (1872–1941?) 12th State Elder (2nd term)	19 February 1932	19 July 1932	152	Farmers' Assemblies (PK)	Teemant IV PK/PAVK–RKE ÜPE–RKE

United Farmers' Party (ÜPE)

—	Karl August Einbund (later Kaarel Eenpalu) (1888–1942) 13th State Elder	19 July 1932	1 November 1932	106	United Farmers' Party (ÜPE)	Einbund I ÜPE–RKE	V (1932)

—	-	Konstantin Päts (1874–1956) 14th State Elder (5th term)	1 November 1932	18 May 1933	199	United Farmers' Party (ÜPE)	Päts IV ÜPE–RKE–ESTP

—	-	Jaan Tõnisson (1868–1941?) 15th State Elder (4th term)	18 May 1933	21 October 1933	157	National Centre Party (RKE)	Tõnisson IV RKE–ÜPE

6	-	Konstantin Päts (1874–1956) 16th State Elder	21 October 1933	24 January 1934	1,647	Farmers' Assemblies (PK)	Päts V non-party coalition

6th Prime Minister (in duties of the State Elder)	24 January 1934	3 September 1937	Prime Minister in duties of the State Elder Konstantin Päts

None	Parliament disbanded

President-Regent (6th term)	3 September 1937	24 April 1938

None

7	Kaarel Eenpalu (formerly Karl August Einbund) (1888–1942) Acting Prime Minister	24 April 1938	9 May 1938	537	Päts V (continued) non-party coalition	President Konstantin Päts (1938–1940)

7th Prime Minister (2nd term)	9 May 1938	12 October 1939	None	Eenpalu II non-party coalition	VI (1938)

8	-	Jüri Uluots (1890–1945) 8th Prime Minister	12 October 1939	21 June 1940	254	None	Uluots non-party coalition

1st Soviet Occupation (1940–1941)

German Occupation (1941–1944)

—	Otto Tief (1889–1976) Acting Prime Minister	18 September 1944	25 September 1944	8	None	Tief non-party coalition	Parliament disbanded	Prime Minister in duties of the President Jüri Uluots

2nd Soviet Occupation (1944–1991) (See Estonian Government in Exile)

—	-	Edgar Savisaar (b. 1950) 1st Prime Minister of the Interim Government	3 April 1990	29 January 1992	668	Popular Front of Estonia (ERR) Estonian People's Centre Party (ERKE)	Savisaar Interim various coalition partners	Supreme Soviet (1990)	Chairman of the Supreme Soviet

Chairman of the Supreme Council Arnold Rüütel

—	-	Tiit Vähi (b. 1947) 2nd Prime Minister of the Interim Government	29 January 1992	21 October 1992	266	None	Vähi Interim various coalition partners

President Lennart Georg Meri (1992–2001)

9	-	Mart Laar (b. 1960) 9th Prime Minister	21 October 1992	8 November 1994	749	Pro Patria (I) Pro Patria National Coalition Party (RKEI)	Laar I I–M–ERSP RKEI–M–ERSP RKEI–M–ERSP–ELDP RKEI–M–ERSP RKEI–M–ERSP–ELDP	VII (1992)

10	-	Andres Tarand (b. 1940) 10th Prime Minister	8 November 1994	17 April 1995	161	Moderates (M)	Tarand M–RKEI–ERSP–ELDP–VKRE

11	-	Tiit Vähi (b. 1947) 11th Prime Minister (2nd term)	17 April 1995	6 November 1995	701	Coalition Party and Country People's Alliance (KMÜ)	Vähi I KMÜ–EKE	VIII (1995)

6 November 1995	17 March 1997	Vähi II KMÜ–ERE KMÜ–AP

12	Siimann Mart.IMG 2960.JPG	Mart Siimann (b. 1946) 12th Prime Minister	17 March 1997	25 March 1999	739	Coalition Party and Country People's Alliance (KMÜ)	Siimann KMÜ–AP

13	-	Mart Laar (b. 1960) 13th Prime Minister (2nd term)	25 March 1999	28 January 2002	1,041	Pro Patria Union (IL)	Laar II IL–RM–ERE	IX (1999)

President Arnold Rüütel (2001–2006)

14	Kallas Siim.IMG 3350.JPG	Siim Kallas (b. 1948) 14th Prime Minister	28 January 2002	10 April 2003	438	Reform Party (ERE)	Kallas ERE–EKE

15	-	Juhan Parts (b. 1966) 15th Prime Minister	10 April 2003	12 April 2005	735	Res Publica Party (RP)	Parts RP–ERE–ERL	X (2003)

16	-	Andrus Ansip (b. 1956) 16th Prime Minister	12 April 2005	5 April 2007	3,271	Reform Party (ERE)	Ansip I ERE–EKE–ERL

President Toomas Hendrik Ilves (2006–2016)

5 April 2007	6 April 2011	Ansip II ERE–IRL–SDE ERE–IRL	XI (2007)

6 April 2011	26 March 2014	Ansip III ERE–IRL	XII (2011)

17	-	Taavi Rõivas (b. 1979) 17th Prime Minister	26 March 2014	9 April 2015	973	Reform Party (ERE)	Rõivas I ERE–SDE

9 April 2015	23 November 2016	Rõivas II ERE–SDE–IRL	XIII (2015)

President Kersti Kaljulaid (2016–incumbent)

18	-	Jüri Ratas (b. 1978) 18th Prime Minister	23 November 2016	29 April 2019	887	Centre Party (EKE)	Ratas I EKE–SDE–IRL EKE–SDE–I

29 April 2019	Incumbent	Ratas II EKE–EKRE–I	XIV (2019)

Sentence(s)

Andres Tarand served for 161 days and Siim Kallas served for 438 days.

final_sentence: Andres Tarand served for 161 days and Siim Kallas served for 438 days.