Kirkbride Plan
United States

Kirkbride Plan

Section Title: United States
Table Section Text: None

Built	Name	Location	Status	Notes	NRHP #	Ref.

1848	Trenton State Hospital	Trenton, New Jersey	Active	The first Kirkbride Plan building	N/A

1848	Central State Hospital	Indianapolis, Indiana	Inactive	One Kirkbride building, the Department for Women (1878), demolished 1970s	N/A

1848	Jacksonville State Hospital	Jacksonville, Illinois	Inactive	Original Kirkbride building demolished 1970	75000669

1851	Harrisburg State Hospital	Harrisburg, Pennsylvania	Inactive	Original Kirkbride building demolished 1893	86000057

1853	Taunton State Hospital	Taunton, Massachusetts	Demolished 2009	93001484

1854	Western State Hospital	Hopkinsville, Kentucky	Active	Destroyed by fire in 1861; interiors rebuilt	79003612

1854–66	Maine Insane Hospital	Augusta, Maine	Inactive	Original construction was not a Kirkbride; however, it was converted between 1854 and 1866	82000754

1855	Jackson State Hospital	Jackson, Mississippi	Inactive	Original Kirkbride building demolished; campus now houses University of Mississippi Medical Center	N/A

1855	Dayton State Hospital	Dayton, Ohio	Inactive	Repurposed as assisted living facility	79001902

1855	St. Elizabeths Hospital	Washington, D.C.	Inactive	79003101

1856	Austin State Hospital	Austin, Texas	Active	Original Kirkbride building houses administrative offices	87002115

1858	Northampton State Hospital	Northampton, Massachusetts	Demolished 2006	94000696

1858	Mendota Mental Health Institute	Madison, Wisconsin	Active	Original Kirkbride building demolished 1964	N/A

1859	The Institute of the Pennsylvania Hospital	Philadelphia, Pennsylvania	Inactive	66000684

1859	Kalamazoo Regional Psychiatric Hospital	Kalamazoo, Michigan	Inactive	Original Kirkbride building demolished	N/A

1859	Bryce Hospital	Tuscaloosa, Alabama	Inactive	Sold to the adjacent University of Alabama and restored	77000216

1862	Dixmont State Hospital	Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania	Demolished 2005	80003401

1863	Trans-Allegheny Lunatic Asylum	Weston, West Virginia	Inactive	Formerly known as Weston State Hospital	78002805

1865	Mount Pleasant State Hospital	Mount Pleasant, Iowa	Destroyed 1936	Original Kirkbride building destroyed in fire	N/A

1866	St. Peter State Hospital	St. Peter, Minnesota	Active	Majority of original Kirkbride building demolished	N/A

1866	Willard State Hospital	Seneca, New York	Active	Comprised four separate Kirkbride buildings, all of which were demolished c. 1980	75001229

1868	Hudson River State Hospital	Poughkeepsie, New York	Inactive	Undergoing demolition as of 2016; portion of original Kirkbride building preserved	89001166

1868	Osawatomie State Hospital	Osawatomie, Kansas	Active	Original Kirkbride building demolished between 1971 and 2002	N/A

1869	Anna State Hospital	Anna, Illinois	Inactive	Administration section of original Kirkbride building remains and is in use	N/A

1869	Central State Hospital	Anchorage, Kentucky	Demolished 1996	83002646

1869	Danville State Hospital	Danville, Pennsylvania	Active	Original Kirkbride building preserved and in use	N/A

1870	Central State Hospital	Petersburg, Virginia	Active	Original Kirkbride building demolished	N/A

1870	Buffalo State Hospital	Buffalo, New York	Inactive	Original Kirkbride building restored and subdivided by State of New York for public use	73001186

1872	Spring Grove State Hospital	Catonsville, Maryland	Demolished 1963	N/A

1872	Elgin State Hospital	Elgin, Illinois	Active	Original Kirkbride building demolished 1993	N/A

1872	Topeka State Hospital	Topeka, Kansas	Demolished 2010	N/A

1873	Winnebago State Hospital	Oshkosh, Wisconsin	Active	Original Kirkbride demolished in stages between 1950 and 1969	N/A

1873	Independence State Hospital	Independence, Iowa	Active	N/A

1874	Athens Lunatic Asylum	Athens, Ohio	Inactive	Renovated and repurposed by Ohio University	80002936

1874	Warren State Hospital	Warren, Pennsylvania	Active	N/A

1876	Greystone Park Psychiatric Hospital	Hanover, New Jersey	Active	Original Kirkbride building demolished 2015	N/A

1876	Napa State Hospital	Napa, California	Active	Original Kirkbride building demolished 1949	N/A

1877	Columbus State Hospital	Columbus, Ohio	Demolished 1991	N/A

1877	Worcester State Hospital	Worcester, Massachusetts	Active	Partially demolished 2008	80000530

1878	Danvers State Hospital	Danvers, Massachusetts	Demolished 2006	Center exterior of Kirkbride building preserved	84002436

1878	Pontiac State Hospital	Pontiac, Michigan	Demolished 2000	81000315

1879	Kankakee State Hospital	Kankakee, Illinois	Active	Original Kirkbride building preserved	N/A

1883	Oregon State Hospital	Salem, Oregon	Active	Original Kirkbride building repurposed as mental health museum	08000118

1883	Broughton Hospital	Morganton, North Carolina	Active	77000996

1883	Arkansas State Hospital	Little Rock, Arkansas	Active	Kirkbride building demolished between 1948 and 1952	N/A

1884	Clarinda State Hospital	Clarinda, Iowa	Active	N/A

1885	Northern Michigan Asylum	Traverse City, Michigan	Inactive	Center of main building demolished and replaced in 1963, remainder renovated and in use as condos and businesses	78001499

1885	Agnews State Hospital	Santa Clara, California	Inactive	Original Kirkbride building destroyed in 1906 earthquake; partially rebuilt in 1910	97000829

1885	Terrell State Hospital	Terrell, Texas	Active	Original Kirkbride building demolished	N/A

1887	Nevada State Hospital	Nevada, Missouri	Demolished 1999	N/A

1890	Cherokee Mental Health Institute	Cherokee, Iowa	Active	N/A

1891	Sheppard Pratt Hospital	Towson, Maryland	Active	71000369

1891	Eastern State Hospital	Medical Lake, Washington	Active	Original Kirkbride building demolished	N/A

1893	Patton State Hospital	San Bernardino, California	Active	Original Kirkbride building demolished	N/A

1894	St. Vincent's Hospital	Normandy, Missouri	Inactive	Original Kirkbride building repurposed as apartment building	82004722

1895	Fergus Falls Regional Treatment Center	Fergus Falls, Minnesota	Inactive	86001386

1913	Eastern Oregon State Hospital	Pendleton, Oregon	Inactive	Houses Eastern Oregon Correctional Institution as of 1983	N/A

Sentence(s)

The first hospital under the Kirkbride Plan was the Trenton State Hospital in Trenton, New Jersey, constructed in 1848.

final_sentence: The first hospital under the Kirkbride Plan was the Trenton State Hospital in Trenton, New Jersey, constructed in 1848.