List of highest astronomical observatories
Highest permanent observatories
Permanent observatories above 3,000 m:

List of highest astronomical observatories

Section Title: Highest permanent observatories
Table Section Text: Permanent observatories above 3,000 m:

Observatory Name	Elevation	Observatory Site	Location	Coordinates	Established	Type of Observatory	Major Instruments

University of Tokyo Atacama Observatory (TAO)	5,640 m (18,500 ft)	Cerro Chajnantor	Atacama Desert, Chile	22°59′12″S 67°44′32″W / 22.98667°S 67.74222°W	2009	Optical, infrared

Chacaltaya Astrophysical Observatory	5,230 m (17,160 ft)	Chacaltaya	Andes, Bolivia	16°21′12″S 68°07′53″W / 16.35333°S 68.13139°W	1946	Cosmic ray, gamma ray

James Ax Observatory	5,200 m (17,100 ft)	Cerro Toco	Atacama Desert, Chile	22°57′30″S 67°47′10″W / 22.95833°S 67.78611°W	2011	Microwave	POLARBEAR

Atacama Cosmology Telescope	5,190 m (17,030 ft)	Cerro Toco	Atacama Desert, Chile	22°57′31″S 67°47′16″W / 22.95861°S 67.78778°W	2007	Microwave

Llano de Chajnantor Observatory	5,104 m (16,745 ft)	Llano de Chajnantor	Atacama Desert, Chile	23°01′22″S 67°45′17″W / 23.02278°S 67.75472°W	1999	Millimeter wave, submillimeter	ALMA, APEX, QUIET

Shiquanhe Observatory (NAOC Ali Observatory)	5,100 m (16,700 ft)	Shiquanhe, Ngari Plateau	Tibet Autonomous Region, China	32°19′N 80°01′E / 32.317°N 80.017°E	2011	Optical

Large Latin American Millimeter Array (LLAMA)	4,825 m (15,830 ft)	Alto de Chorillos	Salta, Argentina	24°11′31″S 66°28′29″W / 24.19194°S 66.47472°W	Under Construction	Submillimeter	LLAMA, QUBIC

Llano de Chajnantor Observatory	4,800 m (15,700 ft)	Pampa La Bola	Atacama Desert, Chile	22°58′17″S 67°42′10″W / 22.97139°S 67.70278°W	2002	Submillimeter	ASTE, NANTEN2

Large Millimeter Telescope Alfonso Serrano	4,580 m (15,030 ft)	Sierra Negra	Puebla, Mexico	18°59′06″N 97°18′53″W / 18.98500°N 97.31472°W	2006	Microwave

Indian Astronomical Observatory	4,500 m (14,800 ft)	Mount Saraswati	Hanle, Ladakh, India	32°46′46″N 78°57′51″E / 32.77944°N 78.96417°E	2001	Infrared, gamma ray, Optical	Himalayan Chandra Telescope, HAGAR

Meyer-Womble Observatory	4,312 m (14,147 ft)	Mount Evans	Colorado, United States	39°35′12″N 105°38′24″W / 39.58667°N 105.64000°W	1996	Optical, Infrared

Yangbajing International Cosmic Ray Observatory	4,300 m (14,100 ft)	Yangbajain	Tibet Autonomous Region, China	30°05′N 90°33′E / 30.083°N 90.550°E	1990	Cosmic ray

Mauna Kea Observatory	4,190 m (13,750 ft)	Mauna Kea	Hawaii, United States	19°49′28″N 155°28′24″W / 19.82444°N 155.47333°W	1967	Optical, infrared, submillimeter	Keck, UKIRT, Gemini North, Subaru, JCMT, CSO, SMA, CFHT

High Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) Gamma-Ray Observatory	4,100 m (13,500 ft)	Sierra Negra	Puebla, Mexico	18°59′40″N 97°18′33″W / 18.99444°N 97.30917°W	2013	Gamma ray

Barcroft Observatory	3,890 m (12,760 ft)	White Mountain Peak	California, United States	37°35′19″N 118°14′31″W / 37.58861°N 118.24194°W	1976	Infrared, millimeter wave

Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA), Mauna Kea Site	3,730 m (12,240 ft)	Mauna Kea	Hawaii, United States	19°48′05″N 155°27′20″W / 19.80139°N 155.45556°W	1986	Radio telescope

Llano del Hato National Astronomical Observatory	3,600 m (11,800 ft)	Llano del Hato	Andes, Venezuela	8°47′11″N 70°52′19″W / 8.78639°N 70.87194°W	1970s	Optical telescope	1-m Askania Schmidt camera, a 65-cm Zeiss refractor, a 1-m Zeiss reflector and a 50-cm Askania double astrograph

Iranian National Observatory	3,600 m (11,800 ft)	Mount Gargash	Isfahan, Iran	33°40′27″N 51°19′07″E / 33.67417°N 51.31861°E	2010s	Optical telescope	Under Construction

Sphinx Observatory	3,571 m (11,716 ft)	Jungfraujoch	Bernese Alps, Switzerland	46°32′51″N 7°59′6″E / 46.54750°N 7.98500°E	1937	Optical telescope

Mauna Loa Observatory	3,394 m (11,135 ft)	Mauna Loa	Hawaii, United States	19°32′10″N 155°34′34″W / 19.53611°N 155.57611°W	1957	Optical, millimeter wave	Mauna Loa Solar Observatory, AMiBA

Magdalena Ridge Observatory	3,230 m (10,600 ft)	South Baldy	New Mexico, United States	33°58′36″N 107°11′05″W / 33.97667°N 107.18472°W	1999	Optical, infrared

Mount Graham International Observatory	3,191 m (10,469 ft)	Mount Graham	Arizona, United States	32°42′05″N 109°53′31″W / 32.70139°N 109.89194°W	1993	Optical, submillimeter	LBT, HHST, VATT

Gornergrat Observatory	3,135 m (10,285 ft)	Gornergrat	Pennine Alps, Switzerland	45°59′04″N 7°47′09″E / 45.98444°N 7.78583°E	1967	Infrared, submillimeter	Gornergrat Infrared Telescope, KOSMA

Peak Terskol Observatory	3,127 m (10,259 ft)	Peak Terskol	North Caucasus, Russia	43°16′29″N 42°30′03″E / 43.27472°N 42.50083°E	1980	Optical

European Extremely Large Telescope	3,060 m (10,040 ft)	Cerro Armazones	Atacama Desert, Chile	24°35′20″S 70°11′32″W / 24.58889°S 70.19222°W	Not completed	Optical, near infrared

Haleakala Observatory	3,036 m (9,961 ft)	Haleakala	Hawaii, United States	20°42′30″N 156°15′27″W / 20.70833°N 156.25750°W	1964	Optical, millimeter wave	Pan-STARRS, LCOGTFaulkes Telescope North, AEOS

Sentence(s)

The Sphinx Observatory is one of the highest astronomical observatories.

final_sentence: The Sphinx Observatory is one of the highest astronomical observatories.