List of pre-Islamic Arabian deities
Alphabetical list

List of pre-Islamic Arabian deities

Section Title: Alphabetical list
Table Section Text: None

Name	Image	Description

'Amm	'Amm is the moon god of Qataban. His attributes include the lightning bolts.

'Athtar	-	'Athtar is the god associated with the planet Venus and was the most common god to south Arabian cultures.

'Awf	'Awf is a deity whose name means "the great bird", suggesting a totemic origin.

A'im	A'im is a god who was worshipped by the Azd of al-Sarah.

A'ra	A'ra is a north Arabian tutelary god known from inscriptions in Bosra. The name implies a holy place or an altar, but its Arabic root also means "to dye".

Abgal	Abgal is a tutelary god worshipped by nomads, including bedouins, and a tutelary god of the Arabs of the Palmyra region.

Abirillu	Abirillu is a god mentioned in an Assyrian inscription.

Almaqah	-	Almaqah was the chief-god of the Sabaeans. Associated with the bull's head and vines, he was regarded as the progenitor of the Sabaeans, and his worship spread to the Ethiopian kingdoms of Dʿmt and Kingdom of Aksum.

Amm-Anas	Amm-Anas is a god worshipped by the Khawlin. According to the Book of Idols, the Khawlin would offer a portion of their livestock property and land products and give one part to Amm-Anas and the other to God.

Anbay	Anbay is a god of justice worshipped in Qataban, alongside Haukim, as gods of "command and decision".

Arsu

Ashar	Ashar is one of the nomadic gods of the Arabs during the Palmyrene Empire period, along with Azizos, Ma'n, Abgal, Sa'd, and Mun'im.

Asira	Asira is named in an inscription listing the deities of Tayma.

Atarquruma	Atarquruma is a god worshipped by the Qedarites mentioned in an Assyrian inscription. He probably originated as a form of Athtar, who in Saba was associated with Kurum, thought to be a hypostasis or a consort of Athtar.

Atarsamain	Atarsamain is a deity of uncertain gender, worshipped among the Qedarites, and was associated with Venus.

Athtar Shariqan	Athtar Shariqan is a form of Athtar who was invoked as an avenger against enemies. The word "Shariqan" means "the Eastern One".

Bajir	Bajir is a minor god of the Azd.

Basamum	Basamum is a god worshipped in South Arabia whose name may be derived from Arabic basam, or balsam, a medicinal plant, indicating that he may be associated with healing or health.

Dai	Dai is named in an Assyrian inscription.

Datin	Datin is a god primarily known from inscriptions in northern Arabia, but his function is unknown.

Dhat-Badan	Dhat-Badan is a goddess of the oasis, worshipped in tree-circled pools.

Dhat Anwat	Dhat Anwat is a tree deity worshipped by the Quraysh.

Dhu al-Kaffayn	Dhu al-Kaffayn is, according to the Book of Idols, a god worshipped by the Daws, specifically the banu-Munhib ibn-Daws. His name means "he of the two palms".

Dhu-Ghabat

Dhu-Samawi	Dhu-Samawi, literally "the Heavenly One", is a god who probably originated from northern Arabia, but also found worship in south Arabia.

Dhul Khalasa	Dhul Khalasa is a god worshipped by the Bajila and the Khatham tribes, and was reportedly worshipped as a "god of redemption".

Dushara	Dhushara.JPG	Dhu al-Shara/Dushara is a mountain god worshipped primarily by the Nabataeans as their chief-god, and also by the Banū al-Hārith ibn-Yashkur ibn-Mubashshir clan of the Azd.

Al-Fals	Al-Fals is a god who, according to the Book of Idols, is associated with animals, and that animals roaming in the territory of his idol would become a property of the god.

Haubas	Haubas is an oracular deity of the Sabaeans. The deity's gender varies from area to area; in places where the deity is female, she is regarded as the consort of Athtar.

Haukim	Haukim is a god of law and justice, worshipped alongside Anbay as gods of "command and decision".

Hawl	Hawl was probably a moon god, as his name may have alluded to the lunar cycle. He was worshipped in Hadhramawt.

Hilal	Hilal is a god of the new moon.

Hubal	Hubal is a god associated with divination. His idol stood in the Kaaba, and his rituals were in the form of throwing divination arrows before the idol, in cases of virginity, death and marriage.

Isaf and Na'ila	Isaf and Na'ila are a pair of deities, a god and a goddess, whose cult was centered near the Well of Zamzam.

Al-Jalsad

Kahl	Kahl is the patron god of the Kindah kingdom whose capital was Qaryat al-Faw. The town was called Dhat Kahl after him.

Al-Kutbay	Al-Kutbay is a god of writing worshipped by the Nabataeans.

Al-Lat	-	Al-Lat is a goddess associated with fertility and war. Her cult was spread throughout the Arabian Peninsula and as far as Palmyra.

Manaf	Manaf is a god, described by Muslim scholar At-Tabari as "one of the greatest deities of Mecca", although little information is available about him.

Manāt	-	Manāt is the goddess of fate, destiny and death. In Nabataean and Latin inscriptions she was known as Manawat.

Mun'im	Mun'im, rendered in Greek as Monimos, is one of the nomadic gods of the Arabs during the Palmyrene Empire period, along with Azizos, Ma'n, Abgal, Sa'd, and Ashar.

Nasr	Nasr is a god worshipped by the Himyarites and, according to the Book of Idols, was worshipped in a place called Balkha.

Nuha	Nuha is a goddess associated with the Sun. She was also associated with emotions, as described in various inscriptions in Najd, Saudi Arabia.

Nuhm

Qaynan	Qaynan is a Sabaean god, and based on etymology, might be a god of smiths.

Quzah	Quzah is a weather and a mountain god, as well as a god of the rainbow, worshipped by the people of Muzdalifah.

Ruda	Ruda is an important solar god in North Arabia. He is named in an Assyrian inscription as Ruldaiu and is frequently mentioned in Thamudic and Safaitic inscriptions.

Sa'd	Sa'd is a god of fortune worshipped by the Banu Kinanah tribe. His idol was a tall stone situated in the desert, and animals were sacrificed there for blessings.

Sa'd	Another god by the name of Sa'd is worshipped by the nomads of Palmyra along with Abgal, Ashar and others.

Salm

Shams	Shams/Shamsum is a female solar deity, possibly related to the Canaanite Shapash and the broader middle-eastern Shamash. She was the dominant goddess of the Himyarite Kingdom, and possibly still revered in some form by the Bedouin for several centuries afterward.

Shay al-Qawm	Shay al-Qawm is the god associated with war and the night worshipped by the Nabataeans. He is described as a god "who drinks no wine, who builds no home".

Shingala	Shingala was named in an inscription listing the deities of Tayma.

Su'ayr	Su'ayr is an oracular god of the 'Anazzah tribe.

Suwa'	Suwa' is a god worshipped by the Hudhayl tribe.

Syn	Syn was the chief-god of the Hadhramites. His role is disputed; while he may be connected to the Moon, and by extension, the Semitic god Sin (Sumerian Nanna), his symbol is the eagle, a solar symbol.

Ta'lab	-	Ta'lab is a moon god primarily worshipped by the Sum'ay, a Sabaean federation of tribes, and he was also associated with pastures.

Theandrios	Theandrios is the Greek name of a god worshipped by the Arab tribes of Mount Hermon.

Al-Uqaysir	Al-Uqaysir is a god whose idol stood in Syria. According to the Book of Idols, his adherents include the tribes of Quda'a, Banu Lakhm, Judhah, Banu Amela, and Ghatafan.

Al-‘Uzzá	Nabataean betyl 1.JPG	Al-'Uzzá is a goddess associated with might, protection and love. Equated with the Greek goddess Aphrodite, she was an important goddess of the Nabataeans, and a temple dedicated to her was set up at Petra.

Wadd	Wadd is the national god of the Minaeans and he was also associated with snakes. According to the Book of Idols, the Kalb worshipped him in the form of a man and is said to have represented heaven, and his idol reportedly stood at Dumat al-Jandal.

Al-Ya'bub	Al-Ya'bub is a god that belonged to the Jadilah clan of Tayy, who according to the Book of Idols abstained from food and drink before him.

Ya'uq	Ya'uq is a god worshipped by the Khaywin.

Yaghūth	Yaghūth is a god worshipped by the Madhhij, a Qahtanite confederation. The people of Jurash in Yemen also worshipped him.

Yatha	Yatha is a god associated with salvation. His name means "Savior".

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