Tobacco-Related Cases Set for Trial: As of January 29, 2018, three Engle progeny cases are set for trial through March 31, 2018.
There are no other individual smoking and health cases against PM USA set for trial during this period.
Cases against other companies in the tobacco industry may be scheduled for trial during this period.
Trial dates are subject to change.
Trial Results: Since January 1999, excluding the Engle progeny cases (separately discussed below), verdicts have been returned in 63 smoking and health, “Lights/Ultra Lights” and health care cost recovery cases in which PM USA was a defendant.
Verdicts in favor of PM USA and other defendants were returned in 42 of the 63 cases.
These 42 cases were tried in Alaska (1), California (7), Connecticut (1), Florida (10), Louisiana (1), Massachusetts (2), Mississippi (1), Missouri (4), New Hampshire (1), New Jersey (1), New York (5), Ohio (2), Pennsylvania (1), Rhode Island (1), Tennessee (2) and West Virginia (2).
A motion for a new trial was granted in one of the cases in Florida and in the case in Alaska.
In the Alaska case (Hunter), the trial court withdrew its order for a new trial upon PM USA’s motion for reconsideration.
In December 2015, the Alaska Supreme Court reversed the trial court decision and remanded the case with directions for the trial court to reassess whether to grant a new trial.
In March 2016, the trial court granted a new trial and PM USA filed a petition for review of that order with the Alaska Supreme Court, which the court denied in July 2016.
The retrial began in October 2016.
In November 2016, the court declared a mistrial after the jury failed to reach a verdict.
The plaintiff subsequently moved for a new trial, which is scheduled to begin April 9, 2018.
See Types and Number of Cases above for a discussion of the trial results in In re: Tobacco Litigation (West Virginia consolidated cases).
Of the 21 non-Engle progeny cases in which verdicts were returned in favor of plaintiffs, 18 have reached final resolution.
As of January 29, 2018, 116 state and federal Engle progeny cases involving PM USA have resulted in verdicts since the Florida Supreme Court’s Engle decision as follows: 61 verdicts were returned in favor of plaintiffs; 45 verdicts were returned in favor of PM USA.
Eight verdicts that were initially returned in favor of plaintiff were reversed post-trial or on appeal and remain pending and two verdicts in favor of PM USA were reversed for a new trial.
See Smoking and Health Litigation - Engle Progeny Trial Court Results below for a discussion of these verdicts.
Judgments Paid and Provisions for Tobacco and Health Litigation Items (Including Engle Progeny Litigation): After exhausting all appeals in those cases resulting in adverse verdicts associated with tobacco-related litigation, since October 2004, PM USA has paid in the aggregate judgments and settlements (including related costs and fees) totaling approximately $490 million and interest totaling approximately $184 million as of December 31, 2017.
These amounts include payments for Engle progeny judgments (and related costs and fees) totaling approximately $99 million, interest totaling approximately $22 million and payment of approximately $43 million in connection with the Federal Engle Agreement, discussed below.
The changes in Altria Group, Inc. ’s accrued liability for tobacco and health litigation items, including related interest costs, for the periods specified below are as follows:
## Table 0 ##
The accrued liability for tobacco and health litigation items, including related interest costs, was included in liabilities on Altria Group, Inc. ’s consolidated balance sheets.
Pre-tax charges for tobacco and health judgments, the agreement to resolve federal Engle progeny cases and the agreements to resolve the Aspinall and Miner “lights” class action cases (excluding related interest costs of approximately $10 million in Aspinall) were included in marketing, administration and research costs on Altria Group, Inc. ’s consolidated statements of earnings.
Pre-tax charges for related interest costs were included in interest and other debt expense, net on Altria Group, Inc. ’s consolidated statements of earnings.
Security for Judgments: To obtain stays of judgments pending current appeals, as of December 31, 2017, PM USA has posted various forms of security totaling approximately $61 million, the majority of which has been collateralized with cash deposits that are included in assets on the consolidated balance sheet.
Information about stock options at December 31, 2007 follows:
## Table 1 ##
(a) The weighted-average remaining contractual life was approximately 4.2 years.
At December 31, 2007, there were approximately 13,788,000 options in total that were vested and are expected to vest.
The weighted-average exercise price of such options was $62.07 per share, the weighted-average remaining contractual life was approximately 5.2 years, and the aggregate intrinsic value at December 31, 2007 was approximately $92 million.
Stock options granted in 2005 include options for 30,000 shares that were granted to non-employee directors that year.
No such options were granted in 2006 or 2007.
Awards granted to non-employee directors in 2007 include 20,944 deferred stock units awarded under the Outside Directors Deferred Stock Unit Plan.
A deferred stock unit is a phantom share of our common stock, which requires liability accounting treatment under SFAS 123R until such awards are paid to the participants as cash.
As there are no vestings or service requirements on these awards, total compensation expense is recognized in full on all awarded units on the date of grant.
The weighted-average grant-date fair value of options granted in 2007, 2006 and 2005 was $11.37, $10.75 and $9.83 per option, respectively.
To determine stock-based compensation expense under SFAS 123R, the grant-date fair value is applied to the options granted with a reduction made for estimated forfeitures.
At December 31, 2006 and 2005 options for 10,743,000 and 13,582,000 shares of common stock, respectively, were exercisable at a weighted-average price of $58.38 and $56.58, respectively.
The total intrinsic value of options exercised during 2007, 2006 and 2005 was $52 million, $111 million and $31 million, respectively.
At December 31, 2007 the aggregate intrinsic value of all options outstanding and exercisable was $94 million and $87 million, respectively.
Cash received from option exercises under all Incentive Plans for 2007, 2006 and 2005 was approximately $111 million, $233 million and $98 million, respectively.
The actual tax benefit realized for tax deduction purposes from option exercises under all Incentive Plans for 2007, 2006 and 2005 was approximately $39 million, $82 million and $34 million, respectively.
There were no options granted in excess of market value in 2007, 2006 or 2005.
Shares of common stock available during the next year for the granting of options and other awards under the Incentive Plans were 40,116,726 at December 31, 2007.
Total shares of PNC common stock authorized for future issuance under equity compensation plans totaled 41,787,400 shares at December 31, 2007, which includes shares available for issuance under the Incentive Plans, the Employee Stock Purchase Plan as described below, and a director plan.
During 2007, we issued approximately 2.1 million shares from treasury stock in connection with stock option exercise activity.
As with past exercise activity, we intend to utilize treasury stock for future stock option exercises.
As discussed in Note 1 Accounting Policies, we adopted the fair value recognition provisions of SFAS 123 prospectively to all employee awards including stock options granted, modified or settled after January 1, 2003.
As permitted under SFAS 123, we recognized compensation expense for stock options on a straight-line basis over the pro rata vesting period.
Total compensation expense recognized related to PNC stock options in 2007 was $29 million compared with $31 million in 2006 and $29 million in 2005.
PRO FORMA EFFECTS A table is included in Note 1 Accounting Policies that sets forth pro forma net income and basic and diluted earnings per share as if compensation expense had been recognized under SFAS 123 and 123R, as amended, for stock options for 2005.
For purposes of computing stock option expense and 2005 pro forma results, we estimated the fair value of stock options using the Black-Scholes option pricing model.
The model requires the use of numerous assumptions, many of which are very subjective.
Therefore, the 2005 pro forma results are estimates of results of operations as if compensation expense had been recognized for all stock-based compensation awards and are not indicative of the impact on future periods.
See Note 1 Accounting Policies and Note 3 Asset Quality in the Notes To Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8 of this Report for further information on certain key asset quality indicators that we use to evaluate our portfolios and establish the allowances.
Table 23: Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses
## Table 2 ##
At December 31, 2017, total ALLL to total nonperforming loans was 140%.
The comparable amount for December 31, 2016 was 121%.
These ratios are 102% and 89%, respectively, when excluding the $.7 billion of ALLL at both December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 allocated to consumer loans and lines of credit not secured by residential real estate and purchased impaired loans.
We have excluded these amounts from ALLL in these ratios as these asset classes are not included in nonperforming loans.
See Table 18 within this Credit Risk Management section for additional information.
The ALLL balance increases or decreases across periods in relation to fluctuating risk factors, including asset quality trends, net charge-offs and changes in aggregate portfolio balances.
During 2017, overall credit quality remained stable, which resulted in an essentially flat ALLL balance as of December 31, 2017 compared to December 31, 2016.
The following table summarizes our loan charge-offs and recoveries.
Table 24: Loan Charge-Offs and Recoveries
## Table 3 ##
See Note 1 Accounting Policies and Note 4 Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses in the Notes To Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8 of this Report for additional information on the ALLL.

<table><tr><td>(in millions)</td><td>2017</td><td>2016</td><td>2015</td></tr><tr><td>Accrued liability for tobacco and health litigation items at beginning of year</td><td>$47</td><td>$132</td><td>$39</td></tr><tr><td>Pre-tax charges for:</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Tobacco and health judgments</td><td>72</td><td>21</td><td>84</td></tr><tr><td>Related interest costs</td><td>8</td><td>7</td><td>23</td></tr><tr><td>Agreement to resolve federalEngleprogeny cases</td><td>—</td><td>—</td><td>43</td></tr><tr><td>Agreement to resolveAspinallincluding relatedinterest costs</td><td>—</td><td>32</td><td>—</td></tr><tr><td>Agreement to resolveMiner</td><td>—</td><td>45</td><td>—</td></tr><tr><td>Payments</td><td>-21</td><td>-190</td><td>-57</td></tr><tr><td>Accrued liability for tobacco and health litigation items atend of year</td><td>$106</td><td>$47</td><td>$132</td></tr></table>
<table><tr><td></td><td>Options Outstanding</td><td>Options Exercisable(a)</td></tr><tr><td>December 31, 2007Shares in thousandsRange of exercise prices</td><td>Shares</td><td>Weighted- averageexercise price</td><td>Weighted-average remaining contractual life (in years)</td><td>Shares</td><td>Weighted-averageexercise price</td></tr><tr><td>$37.43 – $46.99</td><td>1,444</td><td>$43.05</td><td>4.0</td><td>1,444</td><td>$43.05</td></tr><tr><td>47.00 – 56.99</td><td>3,634</td><td>53.43</td><td>5.4</td><td>3,022</td><td>53.40</td></tr><tr><td>57.00 – 66.99</td><td>3,255</td><td>60.32</td><td>5.2</td><td>2,569</td><td>58.96</td></tr><tr><td>67.00 – 76.23</td><td>5,993</td><td>73.03</td><td>5.5</td><td>3,461</td><td>73.45</td></tr><tr><td>Total</td><td>14,326</td><td>$62.15</td><td>5.3</td><td>10,496</td><td>$59.95</td></tr></table>
<table><tr><td>Dollars in millions</td><td>2017</td><td>2016</td></tr><tr><td>January 1</td><td>$2,589</td><td>$2,727</td></tr><tr><td>Total net charge-offs</td><td>-457</td><td>-543</td></tr><tr><td>Provision for credit losses</td><td>441</td><td>433</td></tr><tr><td>Net decrease / (increase) in allowance forunfunded loan commitments andletters of credit</td><td>4</td><td>-40</td></tr><tr><td>Other</td><td>34</td><td>12</td></tr><tr><td>December 31</td><td>$2,611</td><td>$2,589</td></tr><tr><td>Net charge-offs to average loans (for theyear ended)</td><td>.21%</td><td>.26%</td></tr><tr><td>Allowance for loan and lease losses tototal loans</td><td>1.18%</td><td>1.23%</td></tr><tr><td>Commercial lending net charge-offs</td><td>$-105</td><td>$-185</td></tr><tr><td>Consumer lending net charge-offs</td><td>-352</td><td>-358</td></tr><tr><td>Total net charge-offs</td><td>$-457</td><td>$-543</td></tr><tr><td>Net charge-offs to average loans (for theyear ended)</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Commercial lending</td><td>.07%</td><td>.14%</td></tr><tr><td>Consumer lending</td><td>.49%</td><td>.50%</td></tr></table>
<table><tr><td>Year ended December 31Dollars in millions</td><td>Gross Charge-offs</td><td>Recoveries</td><td>Net Charge-offs / (Recoveries)</td><td>Percent of Average Loans</td></tr><tr><td>2017</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Commercial</td><td>$186</td><td>$81</td><td>$105</td><td>.10%</td></tr><tr><td>Commercial realestate</td><td>24</td><td>28</td><td>-4</td><td>-.01%</td></tr><tr><td>Equipmentlease financing</td><td>11</td><td>7</td><td>4</td><td>.05%</td></tr><tr><td>Home equity</td><td>123</td><td>91</td><td>32</td><td>.11%</td></tr><tr><td>Residential realestate</td><td>9</td><td>18</td><td>-9</td><td>-.06%</td></tr><tr><td>Credit card</td><td>182</td><td>21</td><td>161</td><td>3.06%</td></tr><tr><td>Other consumer</td><td>251</td><td>83</td><td>168</td><td>.77%</td></tr><tr><td>Total</td><td>$786</td><td>$329</td><td>$457</td><td>.21%</td></tr><tr><td>2016</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Commercial</td><td>$332</td><td>$117</td><td>$215</td><td>.21%</td></tr><tr><td>Commercial realestate</td><td>26</td><td>51</td><td>-25</td><td>-.09%</td></tr><tr><td>Equipment leasefinancing</td><td>5</td><td>10</td><td>-5</td><td>-.07%</td></tr><tr><td>Home equity</td><td>143</td><td>84</td><td>59</td><td>.19%</td></tr><tr><td>Residential realestate</td><td>14</td><td>9</td><td>5</td><td>.03%</td></tr><tr><td>Credit card</td><td>161</td><td>19</td><td>142</td><td>2.90%</td></tr><tr><td>Other consumer</td><td>205</td><td>53</td><td>152</td><td>.70%</td></tr><tr><td>Total</td><td>$886</td><td>$343</td><td>$543</td><td>.26%</td></tr></table>

Question: Which year is Commercial in Gross Charge-offs the least?
Answer: 2017