Table of Contents NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS OF AMERICAN AIRLINES GROUP INC.  purposes that permitted approximately $9.0 billion (with $6.6 billion of unlimited NOL still remaining at December 31, 2015) of the federal NOLs carried over from prior taxable years (NOL Carryforwards) to be utilized without regard to the annual limitation generally imposed by Section 382.
See Note 10 for additional information related to tax matters.
Moreover, an ownership change subsequent to the Debtors’ emergence from bankruptcy may further limit or effectively eliminate the ability to utilize the Debtors’ NOL Carryforwards and other tax attributes.
To reduce the risk of a potential adverse effect on the Debtors’ ability to utilize the NOL Carryforwards, AAG’s Restated Certificate of Incorporation (the Certificate of Incorporation) contains transfer restrictions applicable to certain substantial stockholders.
Although the purpose of these transfer restrictions is to prevent an ownership change from occurring, there can be no assurance that an ownership change will not occur even with these transfer restrictions.
Acopy of the Certificate of Incorporation was attached as Exhibit 3.1 to a Current Report on Form 8-K filed by the Company with the SEC on December 9, 2013.
Reorganization Items, Net Reorganization items refer to revenues, expenses (including professional fees), realized gains and losses and provisions for losses that are realized or incurred in the Chapter 11 Cases.
The following table summarizes the components included in reorganization items, net on the consolidated statement of operations for the year ended December 31, 2013 (in millions):
## Table 0 ##
(1) In exchange for employees’ contributions to the successful reorganization, including agreeing to reductions in pay and benefits, the Company agreed in the Plan to provide each employee group a deemed claim, which was used to provide a distribution of a portion of the equity of the reorganized entity to those employees.
Each employee group received a deemed claim amount based upon a portion of the value of cost savings provided by that group through reductions to pay and benefits as well as through certain work rule changes.
The total value of this deemed claim was approximately $1.7 billion.
(2) Amounts include allowed claims (claims approved by the Bankruptcy Court) and estimated allowed claims relating to (i) the rejection or modification of financings related to aircraft and (ii) entry of orders treated as unsecured claims with respect to facility agreements supporting certain issuances of special facility revenue bonds.
The Debtors recorded an estimated claim associated with the rejection or modification of a financing or facility agreement when the applicable motion was filed with the Bankruptcy Court to reject or modify such financing or facility agreement and the Debtors believed that it was probable the motion would be approved, and there was sufficient information to estimate the claim.
(3) Pursuant to the Plan, the Debtors agreed to allow certain post-petition unsecured claims on obligations.
As a result, during the year ended December 31, 2013, the Company recorded reorganization charges to adjust estimated allowed claim amounts previously recorded on rejected special facility revenue bonds of $180 million, allowed general unsecured claims related to the 1990 and 1994 series of special facility revenue bonds that financed certain improvements at John F.  Kennedy International Airport (JFK), and rejected bonds that financed certain improvements at Chicago O’Hare International Airport (ORD), which are included in the table above.
Table of Contents NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS OF AMERICAN AIRLINES GROUP INC.
The components of the Company’s deferred tax assets and liabilities were (in millions):
## Table 1 ##
At December 31, 2015, the Company had approximately $8.0 billion of gross NOL Carryforwards to reduce future federal taxable income, substantially all of which are expected to be available for use in 2016.
The federal NOL Carryforwards will expire beginning in 2023 if unused.
These NOL Carryforwards include an unrealized tax benefit of $1.2 billion related to share-based compensation that will be recorded in equity when realized.
The Company also had approximately $4.0 billion of NOL Carryforwards to reduce future state taxable income at December 31, 2015, which will expire in years 2016 through 2034 if unused.
As of December 31, 2015, the amount of NOL Carryforwards for state income tax purposes that will expire, if unused, in 2016 is $136 million.
The Company’s ability to deduct its NOL Carryforwards and to utilize certain other available tax attributes can be substantially constrained under the general annual limitation rules of Section 382 where an “ownership change” has occurred.
The Company experienced an ownership change in connection with its emergence from the Chapter 11 Cases, and US Airways Group experienced an ownership change in connection with the Merger.
As a result of the Merger, US Airways Group is now included in the AAG consolidated federal and state income tax returns.
The general limitation rules of Section 382 for a debtor in a bankruptcy case are liberalized where the ownership change occurs upon emergence from bankruptcy.
The Company elected to be covered by certain special rules for federal income tax purposes that permitted approximately $9.0 billion (with $6.6 billion of unlimited NOL still remaining at December 31, 2015) of its federal NOL Carryforwards to be utilized without regard to the Section 382 annual limitation rules unless a second ownership change occurred on or before December 9, 2015.
No second ownership change occurred within that period.
Substantially all of the Company’s remaining federal NOL Carryforwards (attributable to US Airways Group) are subject to limitation under Section 382; however, the Company’s ability to utilize such NOL Carryforwards is not anticipated to be effectively constrained as a result of such limitation.
Similar limitations may apply for state income tax purposes.
The Company’s ability to utilize any new NOL Carryforwards arising after the ownership changes is not affected by the annual limitation rules imposed by Section 382 unless another ownership change occurs.
Under the Section 382 limitation, cumulative stock ownership changes among material stockholders exceeding 50% during a rolling three-year period can potentially limit a company’s future use of NOLs and tax credits.
See Part I,
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS OF AMERICAN AIRLINES GROUP INC.  13.
Retirement Benefits The Company sponsors defined benefit and defined contribution pension plans for eligible employees.
The defined benefit plans provide benefits for participating employees based on years of service and average compensation for a specified period of time before retirement.
Effective November 1, 2012, substantially all of the Company’s defined benefit pension plans were frozen and the Company began providing enhanced benefits under its defined contribution plans for certain groups.
The Company uses a December 31 measurement date for all of its defined benefit plans.
The Company also provides certain retiree medical and other postretirement benefits, including health care and life insurance benefits, to retired employees.
Effective November 1, 2012, the Company modified its retiree medical and life coverage to eliminate the company subsidy for employees who retire on or after November 1, 2012.
As a result of modifications to its retiree medical plans in 2012, the Company recognized a negative plan amendment of $1.9 billion, which is included as a component of actuarial gain in OCI and will be amortized over the future service life of the active plan participants for whom the benefit was eliminated, or approximately eight years.
As of December 31, 2015, $1.1 billion of actuarial gain remains to be amortized.
Year End Information The following table provides a reconciliation of the changes in the pension and retiree medical and other postretirement benefit obligations and fair value of assets for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, and a statement of funded status as of December 31, 2015 and 2014 (in millions):
## Table 2 ##
Table of Contents periodically, but no less than monthly.
Accordingly, the marketing component is considered earned and recognized in other revenues in the period of the mileage sale.
Upon application of the relative selling price method in 2013 for American’s Citibank modification, we reduced our travel component liability and recorded other revenue of approximately $31 million.
As a result of the change in the marketing component value when the relative selling price method is applied, we now defer less revenue per mile sold.
As of December 31, 2015 and 2014, American had $1.5 billion in deferred revenue from the sale of mileage credits (recorded within loyalty program liability on the consolidated balance sheets).
For the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, the marketing component of mileage sales recognized at the time of sale in other revenues was approximately $1.5 billion, $1.4 billion and $834 million, respectively.
A change to certain estimates used in the calculation of incremental cost could have a material impact on the liability.
A one percentage point increase or decrease in the percentage of travel awards redeemed on partner airlines would have an approximate $35 million impact on the liability as of December 31, 2015.
A 10% increase or decrease in the assumed price per gallon of fuel would have an approximate $12 million impact on the liability as of December 31, 2015.
A change to the estimated fair value of the transportation component could have a significant impact on revenue.
A 10% increase or decrease in the estimated fair value of the transportation component would have an approximately $75 million impact on revenue recognized in 2015.
The number of one way travel award redemptions during the year ended December 31, 2015, was 8.3 million representing 6.5% of our total mainline and regional RPMs during that period.
We believe displacement of revenue passengers is minimal given our load factors and our ability to manage loyalty program seat inventory.
Pensions and Retiree Medical and Other Postretirement Benefits We recognize the funded status (i. e. , the difference between the fair value of plan assets and the projected benefit obligations) of our pension and other postretirement plans in the consolidated balance sheet with a corresponding adjustment to accumulated other comprehensive income (loss).
Our pension and other postretirement benefit costs and liabilities are calculated using various actuarial assumptions and methodologies.
We use certain assumptions including, but not limited to, the selection of the: (i) discount rate; (ii) expected return on plan assets; (iii) expected health care cost trend rate and (iv) the estimated age of pilot retirement (as discussed below).
These assumptions as of December 31 were:

<table><tr><td></td><td>December 31, 2013</td></tr><tr><td>Labor-related deemed claim -1</td><td>$1,733</td></tr><tr><td>Aircraft and facility financing renegotiations and rejections -2,-3</td><td>325</td></tr><tr><td>Fair value of conversion discount -4</td><td>218</td></tr><tr><td>Professional fees</td><td>199</td></tr><tr><td>Other</td><td>180</td></tr><tr><td>Total reorganization items, net</td><td>$2,655</td></tr></table>
<table><tr><td></td><td colspan="2">December 31,</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>2015</td><td>2014</td></tr><tr><td>Deferred tax assets:</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Postretirement benefits other than pensions</td><td>$340</td><td>$386</td></tr><tr><td>Rent expense</td><td>134</td><td>180</td></tr><tr><td>Alternative minimum tax credit carryforwards</td><td>346</td><td>346</td></tr><tr><td>Operating loss carryforwards</td><td>2,558</td><td>3,461</td></tr><tr><td>Pensions</td><td>2,436</td><td>2,403</td></tr><tr><td>Loyalty program obligation</td><td>590</td><td>948</td></tr><tr><td>Gains from lease transactions</td><td>262</td><td>207</td></tr><tr><td>Reorganization items</td><td>57</td><td>64</td></tr><tr><td>Other</td><td>1,200</td><td>1,210</td></tr><tr><td>Total deferred tax assets</td><td>7,923</td><td>9,205</td></tr><tr><td>Valuation allowance</td><td>-22</td><td>-4,816</td></tr><tr><td>Net deferred tax assets</td><td>7,901</td><td>4,389</td></tr><tr><td>Deferred tax liabilities:</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Accelerated depreciation and amortization</td><td>-5,158</td><td>-4,829</td></tr><tr><td>Other</td><td>-266</td><td>-98</td></tr><tr><td>Total deferred tax liabilities</td><td>-5,424</td><td>-4,927</td></tr><tr><td>Net deferred tax asset (liability)</td><td>$2,477</td><td>$-538</td></tr></table>
<table><tr><td></td><td colspan="2">Pension Benefits</td><td colspan="2">Retiree Medical and Other Postretirement Benefits</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>2015</td><td>2014</td><td>2015</td><td>2014</td></tr><tr><td>Reconciliation of benefit obligation:</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Obligation at January 1</td><td>$17,594</td><td>$14,899</td><td>$1,325</td><td>$1,385</td></tr><tr><td>Service cost</td><td>2</td><td>3</td><td>3</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td>Interest cost</td><td>737</td><td>746</td><td>50</td><td>61</td></tr><tr><td>Actuarial (gain) loss</td><td>-1,159</td><td>2,573</td><td>-177</td><td>-39</td></tr><tr><td>Plan amendments</td><td>—</td><td>—</td><td>—</td><td>33</td></tr><tr><td>Settlements</td><td>-3</td><td>-20</td><td>—</td><td>—</td></tr><tr><td>Benefit payments</td><td>-776</td><td>-607</td><td>-94</td><td>-112</td></tr><tr><td>Other</td><td>—</td><td>—</td><td>24</td><td>-4</td></tr><tr><td>Obligation at December 31</td><td>$16,395</td><td>$17,594</td><td>$1,131</td><td>$1,325</td></tr><tr><td>Reconciliation of fair value of plan assets:</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Fair value of plan assets at January 1</td><td>$10,986</td><td>$10,057</td><td>$244</td><td>$239</td></tr><tr><td>Actual return on plan assets</td><td>-506</td><td>746</td><td>-10</td><td>11</td></tr><tr><td>Employer contributions</td><td>6</td><td>810</td><td>89</td><td>106</td></tr><tr><td>Settlements</td><td>-3</td><td>-20</td><td>—</td><td>—</td></tr><tr><td>Benefit payments</td><td>-776</td><td>-607</td><td>-94</td><td>-112</td></tr><tr><td>Other -1</td><td>—</td><td>—</td><td>24</td><td>—</td></tr><tr><td>Fair value of plan assets at December 31</td><td>9,707</td><td>10,986</td><td>253</td><td>244</td></tr><tr><td>Funded status at December 31</td><td>$-6,688</td><td>$-6,608</td><td>$-878</td><td>$-1,081</td></tr><tr><td>Amounts recognized in the consolidated balance sheets:</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Current liability</td><td>$7</td><td>$10</td><td>$109</td><td>$117</td></tr><tr><td>Noncurrent liability -2</td><td>6,681</td><td>6,598</td><td>769</td><td>964</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>$6,688</td><td>$6,608</td><td>$878</td><td>$1,081</td></tr><tr><td>Amounts recognized in other comprehensive income:</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Net actuarial loss (gain)</td><td>$5,047</td><td>$4,961</td><td>$-339</td><td>$-199</td></tr><tr><td>Prior service cost (benefit) (2)</td><td>216</td><td>245</td><td>-1,084</td><td>-1,326</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>$5,263</td><td>$5,206</td><td>$-1,423</td><td>$-1,525</td></tr></table>

Question: In which year is actual return on plan assets positive?
Answer: 2014