CITIZENS FINANCIAL GROUP, INC.  MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS 114 ?
Current and prospective exposures, including secured and unsecured wholesale funding and spot and cumulative cashflow gaps across a variety of horizons.
Further, certain of these metrics are monitored for each of us, our banking subsidiaries, and for our consolidated enterprise on a daily basis, including net overnight position, free securities, internal liquidity, available FHLB borrowing capacity and total contingent liquidity.
In order to identify emerging trends and risks and inform funding decisions, specific metrics are also forecasted over a one-year horizon.
For the year ended December 31, 2014, our operating activities contributed $1.4 billion in net cash, including an increase in other liabilities, which added $239 million, and an increase in depreciation, amortization and accretion, which added $386 million, partially offset by an increase in other assets of $295 million and a gain on sale of deposits of $286 million.
For the year ended December 31, 2014, net cash used by investing activities was $10.3 billion, primarily reflecting net securities available for sale portfolio purchases of $8.3 billion, a net increase in loans and leases of $6.9 billion and securities held to maturity portfolio purchases of $1.2 billion, partially offset by proceeds from maturities, paydowns and sales of securities available for sale of $6.3 billion.
Cash provided by financing activities was $9.4 billion, including a net increase in other short-term borrowed funds of $4.0 billion and a net increase in deposits of $3.8 billion.
These activities represented a cumulative increase in cash and cash equivalents of $519 million, which, when added to the cash and cash equivalents balance of $2.8 billion at the beginning of the year, resulted in an ending balance of cash and cash equivalents of $3.3 billion as of December 31, 2014.
For the year ended December 31, 2013, our operating activities contributed $2.6 billion in net cash, including sales of mortgage loans net of originations which, added $448 million, and a decrease in other assets, which added $827 million.
For the year ended December 31, 2013, net cash contributed by investing activities decreased by $2.5 billion, primarily reflecting net securities available for sale portfolio purchases of $11.0 billion, partially offset by proceeds from maturities, paydowns and sales of securities available for sale of $8.4 billion.
Finally, for the year ended December 31, 2013, cash used in financing activities was $502 million, including a net decrease in deposits of $3.0 billion, and $1.2 billion in dividends paid to RBS.
These activities represented a cumulative decrease in cash and cash equivalents of $306 million, which, when added to cash and cash equivalents of $3.1 billion at the beginning of the year, resulted in an ending balance of cash and cash equivalents of $2.8 billion as of December 31, 2013.
Contractual Obligations The following table presents our outstanding contractual obligations as of December 31, 2014:
## Table 0 ##
(1) Deposits and borrowed funds exclude interest.
(2) Includes purchase obligations for goods and services covered by non-cancelable contracts and contracts including cancellation fees.
CITIZENS FINANCIAL GROUP, INC.  MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS 125 necessary, hedge it.
The Treasury Asset and Liability Management team is responsible for measuring, monitoring and reporting on the structural interest rate risk position.
These exposures are reported on a monthly basis to the Asset and Liability Committee and at Board meetings.
We measure structural interest rate risk through a variety of metrics intended to quantify both short-term and long-term exposures.
The primary method that we use to quantify interest rate risk is simulation analysis in which we model net interest income from assets, liabilities and hedge derivative positions under various interest rate scenarios over a three-year horizon.
Exposure to interest rate risk is reflected in the variation of forecasted net interest income across scenarios.
Key assumptions in this simulation analysis relate to the behavior of interest rates and spreads, the changes in product balances and the behavior of loan and deposit clients in different rate environments.
The most material of these behavioral assumptions relate to the repricing characteristics and balance fluctuations of deposits with indeterminate (i. e. , non-contractual) maturities as well as the pace of mortgage prepayments.
As the future path of interest rates cannot be known in advance, we use simulation analysis to project net interest income under various interest rate scenarios including a “most likely” (implied forward) scenario as well as a variety of deliberately extreme and perhaps unlikely scenarios.
These scenarios may assume gradual ramping of the overall level of interest rates, immediate shocks to the level of rates and various yield curve twists in which movements in short- or long-term rates predominate.
Generally, projected net interest income in any interest rate scenarios is compared to net interest income in a base case where market forward rates are realized.
The table below reports net interest income exposures against a variety of interest rate scenarios.
Exposures are measured as a percentage change in net interest income over the next year due to either instantaneous, or gradual parallel +/- 200 basis point moves in benchmark interest rates.
The net interest income simulation analyses do not include possible future actions that management might undertake to mitigate this risk.
The current limit is an adverse change of 10% related to an instantaneous +/- 200 basis point move.
As the table illustrates, our balance sheet is asset-sensitive: net interest income would benefit from an increase in interest rates.
Exposure to a decline in interest rates is well within limit.
It should be noted that the magnitude of any possible decline in interest rates is constrained by the low absolute starting levels of rates.
While an instantaneous and severe shift in interest rates was used in this analysis, we believe that any actual shift in interest rates would likely be more gradual and would therefore have a more modest impact.
The table below summarizes our positioning in various parallel yield curve shifts:
## Table 1 ##
As part of the routine risk management process, a wide variety of similar analyses are reported for each of the next three rolling years.
As recommended by bank regulators, CBPA also uses a valuation measure of exposure to structural interest rate risk, Economic Value of Equity, as a supplement to net interest income simulations.
Nevertheless, multi-year net interest income simulation is the main tool for managing structural interest rate risk.
CITIZENS FINANCIAL GROUP, INC.  9 Our Competitive Strengths Our long operating history, through a range of challenging economic cycles, forms the basis for our competitive strengths.
From our community bank roots, we bring a commitment to strong customer relationships, local service and an active involvement in the communities we serve.
Our acquisitions enabled us to develop significant scale in highly desirable markets and broad product capabilities.
The actions taken since the global financial crisis have resulted in a business model with solid asset quality, a stable core deposit mix and a superior capital position.
In particular, we believe that the following strengths differentiate us from our competitors and provide a strong foundation from which to execute our strategy to deliver enhanced growth, profitability and returns.  ?
Significant Scale with Strong Market Penetration in Attractive Geographic Markets: We believe our market share and scale in our footprint is central to our success and growth.
With approximately 1,200 branches, approximately 3,200 ATMs, 17,700 employees, and over 100 non-branch offices as well as our online, telephone and mobile banking platforms, we serve more than five million individuals, institutions and companies.
As of June 30, 2014, we ranked second by deposit market share in the New England region (Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, Massachusetts, Rhode Island and Connecticut), and we ranked in the top five in nine of our key metropolitan statistical areas (“MSAs”), including Boston, Providence, Philadelphia, Pittsburgh and Cleveland according to SNL Financial.
We believe this strong market share in our core regions, which have relatively diverse economies and affluent demographics, will help us achieve our long-term growth objectives.
The following table sets forth information regarding our competitive position in our principal MSAs.
(dollars in millions)
## Table 2 ##
Source: FDIC, June 2014.
(1) Excludes “non-retail banks” as defined by SNL Financial.
The scope of “non-retail banks” is subject to the discretion of SNL Financial, but typically includes: industrial bank and non-depository trust charters, institutions with over 20% brokered deposits (of total deposits), institutions with over 20% credit card loans (of total loans), institutions deemed not to broadly participate in the banking services market, and other nonretail competitor banks.  ?
Strong Customer Relationships: We focus on building strong customer relationships by delivering a consistent, highquality level of service supported by a wide range of products and services.
We believe that we provide a distinctive customer experience characterized by offering the personal touch of a local bank with the product selection of a larger financial institution.
Our Consumer Banking cross-sell efforts have improved to 5.0 products and services per retail household as of December 31, 2014 compared to 4.4 products and services as of December 31, 2010.
Additionally, the overall customer satisfaction index as measured by J. D.  Power and Associates improved 6.5% in the New England region from 2013 to 2014.
Our ability to provide a unique customer experience is also evidenced by our Commercial Banking middle market team ranking among the top five in customer and lead bank penetration, with a 10% market penetration in our footprint based on Greenwich Associates’ rolling four-quarter data as of December 31, 2014.  ?
Stable, Low-Cost Core Deposit Base: We have a strong funding profile, with $95.7 billion of total deposits as of December 31, 2014, consisting of 27% in noninterest-bearing deposits and 73% in interest-bearing deposits.
Noninterestbearing deposits provide a lower-cost funding base, and we grew this base to $26.1 billion at December 31, 2014, up 32% from $19.7 billion at December 31, 2010.
For the year ended December 31, 2014, our total average cost of deposits was 0.17%, down from 0.23% for the year ended December 31, 2013, 0.40% for the year ended December 31, 2012, 0.54% for the year ended December 31, 2011 and 0.77% for the year ended December 31, 2010.
CITIZENS FINANCIAL GROUP, INC.  NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 193 Changes in the fair value of defined benefit pension plan assets, projected benefit obligation, funded status, and accumulated benefit obligation are summarized as follows:
## Table 3 ##
(1)  December 31, 2014 amounts excluded $129 million in qualified plan assets, $148 million in qualified plan liabilities and $7 million in non-qualified plan liabilities transferred to Affiliates on September 1, 2014.
The Company’s share of the 2012 single lump sum payments to vested former employees described earlier in this Note for the qualified plan was $146 million as of December 31, 2012.
The pre-tax amounts recognized (for the qualified and non-qualified plans) in AOCI are as follows:
## Table 4 ##
(1) December 31, 2014 amount excluded $35 million transferred to Affiliates on September 1, 2014.
Approximately $15 million of net actuarial loss recorded in AOCI as of December 31, 2014 is expected to be recognized as a component of net periodic benefit costs during 2015.
Other changes in plan assets and benefit obligations (for the qualified and non-qualified plans) recognized in OCI include the followin
## Table 5 ##
(1) Results for the period September 1, 2014 through December 31, 2014 excluded $129 million in qualified plan assets, $148 million in qualified plan liabilities and $7 million in non-qualified plan liabilities transferred to Affiliates on September 1, 2014.
EOG RESOURCES, INC.
SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued) F-43 Capitalized Costs Relating to Oil and Gas Producing Activities.
The following table sets forth the capitalized costs relating to EOG's crude oil and natural gas producing activities at December 31, 2018 and 2017:

<table><tr><td>(in millions)</td><td>Total</td><td>Less than 1 year</td><td>1 to 3 years</td><td>3 to 5 years</td><td>After 5 years</td></tr><tr><td>Long-term borrowed funds<sup>-1</sup></td><td>$4,642</td><td>$—</td><td>$1,517</td><td>$758</td><td>$2,367</td></tr><tr><td>Operating lease obligations</td><td>752</td><td>162</td><td>272</td><td>151</td><td>167</td></tr><tr><td>Term deposits<sup>-1</sup></td><td>12,058</td><td>8,278</td><td>3,221</td><td>552</td><td>7</td></tr><tr><td>Purchase obligations<sup>-2</sup></td><td>691</td><td>501</td><td>107</td><td>56</td><td>27</td></tr><tr><td>Total outstanding contractual obligations</td><td>$18,143</td><td>$8,941</td><td>$5,117</td><td>$1,517</td><td>$2,568</td></tr></table>
<table><tr><td></td><td colspan="3">Estimated % Change inNet Interest Income over 12 Months</td></tr><tr><td>Basis points</td><td>ToleranceLevel</td><td>December 31, 2014</td><td>December 31, 2013</td></tr><tr><td>Instantaneous Change in Interest Rates</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>+200</td><td>-10%</td><td>13.4%</td><td>16.1%</td></tr><tr><td>+100</td><td></td><td>7.0</td><td>8.0</td></tr><tr><td>-100</td><td></td><td>-3.8</td><td>-3.7</td></tr><tr><td>-200</td><td>-10</td><td>-4.3</td><td>-5.7</td></tr><tr><td>Gradual Change in Interest Rates</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>+200</td><td></td><td>6.8</td><td>6.8</td></tr><tr><td>+100</td><td></td><td>3.5</td><td>3.2</td></tr><tr><td>-100</td><td></td><td>-2.3</td><td>-2.0</td></tr><tr><td>-200</td><td></td><td>-3.0</td><td>-3.0</td></tr></table>
<table><tr><td>MSA</td><td>Total Branches</td><td>Deposits</td><td>Market Rank<sup>-1</sup></td><td>Market Share<sup>-1</sup></td></tr><tr><td>Boston, MA</td><td>206</td><td>$26,937</td><td>2</td><td>14.9%</td></tr><tr><td>Philadelphia, PA</td><td>181</td><td>14,307</td><td>5</td><td>4.4</td></tr><tr><td>Providence, RI</td><td>100</td><td>10,544</td><td>1</td><td>29.5</td></tr><tr><td>Pittsburgh, PA</td><td>128</td><td>7,505</td><td>2</td><td>8.6</td></tr><tr><td>Cleveland, OH</td><td>58</td><td>5,207</td><td>4</td><td>9.2</td></tr><tr><td>Detroit, MI</td><td>90</td><td>4,374</td><td>8</td><td>4.2</td></tr><tr><td>Manchester, NH</td><td>22</td><td>4,250</td><td>1</td><td>39.9</td></tr><tr><td>Albany, NY</td><td>25</td><td>3,139</td><td>2</td><td>13.1</td></tr><tr><td>Buffalo, NY</td><td>41</td><td>1,582</td><td>4</td><td>4.4</td></tr><tr><td>Rochester, NY</td><td>34</td><td>1,520</td><td>4</td><td>9.6</td></tr></table>
<table><tr><td></td><td colspan="8">Year Ended December 31,</td></tr><tr><td></td><td colspan="4">Qualified Plan</td><td colspan="4">Non-Qualified Plan</td></tr><tr><td>(in millions)</td><td>2014</td><td><sup>-1</sup></td><td>2013</td><td>2012</td><td>2014</td><td><sup>-1</sup></td><td>2013</td><td>2012</td></tr><tr><td>Fair value of plan assets as of January 1</td><td>$1,031</td><td></td><td>$998</td><td>$1,106</td><td>$—</td><td></td><td>$—</td><td>$—</td></tr><tr><td>Actual return (loss) on plan assets</td><td>98</td><td></td><td>111</td><td>142</td><td>—</td><td></td><td>—</td><td>—</td></tr><tr><td>Employer contributions</td><td>—</td><td></td><td>—</td><td>—</td><td>9</td><td></td><td>8</td><td>8</td></tr><tr><td>Settlements</td><td>—</td><td></td><td>—</td><td>-196</td><td>—</td><td></td><td>—</td><td>—</td></tr><tr><td>Divestitures</td><td>-129</td><td></td><td>—</td><td>—</td><td>—</td><td></td><td>—</td><td>—</td></tr><tr><td>Benefits and administrative expenses paid</td><td>-77</td><td></td><td>-78</td><td>-54</td><td>-9</td><td></td><td>-8</td><td>-8</td></tr><tr><td>Fair value of plan assets as of December 31</td><td>923</td><td></td><td>1,031</td><td>998</td><td>—</td><td></td><td>—</td><td>—</td></tr><tr><td>Projected benefit obligation</td><td>1,093</td><td></td><td>1,026</td><td>1,185</td><td>117</td><td></td><td>107</td><td>116</td></tr><tr><td>Pension asset (obligation)</td><td>-$170</td><td></td><td>$5</td><td>-$187</td><td>-$117</td><td></td><td>-$107</td><td>-$116</td></tr><tr><td>Accumulated benefit obligation</td><td>$1,093</td><td></td><td>$1,026</td><td>$1,185</td><td>$117</td><td></td><td>$107</td><td>$116</td></tr></table>
<table><tr><td></td><td colspan="3">Year Ended December 31,</td></tr><tr><td>(in millions)</td><td>2014</td><td><sup>-1</sup></td><td>2013</td></tr><tr><td>Net prior service credit</td><td>$—</td><td></td><td>$—</td></tr><tr><td>Net actuarial loss</td><td>606</td><td></td><td>414</td></tr><tr><td>Total loss recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income</td><td>$606</td><td></td><td>$414</td></tr></table>
<table><tr><td></td><td colspan="4">Year Ended December 31,</td></tr><tr><td>(in millions)</td><td>2014</td><td><sup>-1</sup></td><td>2013</td><td>2012</td></tr><tr><td>Net periodic pension (income) cost</td><td>-$8</td><td></td><td>-$3</td><td>$150</td></tr><tr><td>Net actuarial (gain) loss</td><td>237</td><td></td><td>-174</td><td>169</td></tr><tr><td>Amortization of prior service credit</td><td>—</td><td></td><td>—</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td>Amortization of net actuarial loss</td><td>-10</td><td></td><td>-14</td><td>-38</td></tr><tr><td>Settlement</td><td>—</td><td></td><td>—</td><td>-92</td></tr><tr><td>Divestiture</td><td>-35</td><td></td><td>—</td><td>—</td></tr><tr><td>Total recognized in other comprehensive income</td><td>192</td><td></td><td>-188</td><td>40</td></tr><tr><td>Total recognized in net periodic pension cost and other comprehensive income</td><td>$184</td><td></td><td>-$191</td><td>$190</td></tr></table>

Question: What's the average of the Projected benefit obligation in the years where Pension asset (obligation) for Qualified Plan is positive? (in millions)
Answer: 1026