## Table 0 ##
(1) Equity securities primarily consist of investments in common and preferred stocks and mutual fund interests.
Such securities include private equity securities with an estimated fair value of $238 million and $472 million at December 31, 2006 and 2005, respectively.
Fixed Maturity and Equity Security Impairment.
The Company classifies all of its fixed maturity and equity securities as available-for-sale and marks them to market through other comprehensive income, except for non-marketable private equities, which are generally carried at cost and trading securities which are carried at fair value with subsequent changes in fair value recognized in net investment income.
All securities with gross unrealized losses at the consolidated balance sheet date are subjected to the Company’s process for identifying other-than-temporary impairments.
The Company writes down to fair value securities that it deems to be other-than-temporarily impaired in the period the securities are deemed to be so impaired.
The assessment of whether such impairment has occurred is based on management’s case-by-case evaluation of the underlying reasons for the decline in fair value.
Management considers a wide range of factors, as described in “— Summary of Critical Accounting Estimates — Investments,” about the security issuer and uses its best judgment in evaluating the cause of the decline in the estimated fair value of the security and in assessing the prospects for near-term recovery.
Inherent in management’s evaluation of the security are assumptions and estimates about the operations of the issuer and its future earnings potential.
The Company’s review of its fixed maturity and equity securities for impairments includes an analysis of the total gross unrealized losses by three categories of securities: (i) securities where the estimated fair value had declined and remained below cost or amortized cost by less than 20%; (ii) securities where the estimated fair value had declined and remained below cost or amortized cost by 20% or more for less than six months; and (iii) securities where the estimated fair value had declined and remained below cost or amortized cost by 20% or more for six months or greater.
While all of these securities are monitored for potential impairment, the Company’s experience indicates that the first two categories do not present as great a risk of impairment, and often, fair values recover over time as the factors that caused the declines improve.
The Company records impairments as investment losses and adjusts the cost basis of the fixed maturity and equity securities accordingly.
The Company does not change the revised cost basis for subsequent recoveries in value.
Impairments of fixed maturity and equity securities were $82 million, $64 million and $102 million for the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004, respectively.
The Company’s three largest impairments totaled $33 million, $40 million and $53 million for the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004, respectively.
The circumstances that gave rise to these impairments were financial restructurings, bankruptcy filings or difficult underlying operating environments for the entities concerned.
During the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004, the Company sold or disposed of fixed maturity and equity securities at a loss that had a fair value of $70.3 billion, $93.9 billion and $29.9 billion, respectively.
Gross losses excluding impairments for fixed maturity and equity securities were $1.5 billion, $1.4 billion and $516 million for the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004 respectively.
The following tables present the cost or amortized cost, gross unrealized loss and number of securities for fixed maturity securities and equity securities, where the estimated fair value had declined and remained below cost or amortized cost by less than 20%, or 20% or more at:
## Table 1 ##
There were no impairments recognized on real estate and real estate joint ventures held-for-investment for the year ended December 31, 2011.
Impairments recognized on real estate and real estate joint ventures held-for-investment were $48 million and $160 million for the years ended December 31, 2010 and 2009, respectively, which included impairments on cost basis real estate joint ventures of $25 million and $82 million, respectively.
There were no impaired cost basis real estate joint ventures held as of December 31, 2011.
The estimated fair value of the impaired cost basis real estate joint ventures, after impairments, held as of December 31, 2010, was $8 million.
These impairments to estimated fair value represent non-recurring fair value measurements that have been classified as Level 3 due to the limited activity and limited price transparency inherent in the market for such investments.
Impairments recognized on real estate held-for-sale were $2 million and $1 million for the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively.
There were no impairments recognized on real estate held-for-sale for the year ended December 31, 2009.
Other Limited Partnership Interests The carrying value of other limited partnership interests (which primarily represent ownership interests in pooled investment funds that principally make private equity investments in companies in the United States and overseas) was $6.4 billion at both December 31, 2011 and 2010, which included $1.1 billion and $1.0 billion of hedge funds, at December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively.
Impairments to estimated fair value for such other limited partnership interests of $5 million, $12 million and $354 million for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively, were recognized within net investment gains (losses).
The estimated fair value of the impaired other limited partnership interests after these impairments was $13 million, $23 million and $561 million at December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively.
These impairments to estimated fair value represent non-recurring fair value measurements that have been classified as Level 3 due to the limited activity and limited price transparency inherent in the market for such investments.
Other Invested Assets See Note 3 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements for a table that presents the Company’s other invested assets by type at December 31, 2011 and 2010 and related information.
Short-term Investments and Cash Equivalents The carrying value of short-term investments, which includes securities and other investments with remaining maturities of one year or less, but greater than three months, at the time of purchase was $17.3 billion and $9.4 billion, or 3.3% and 2.0% of total cash and invested assets, at December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively.
The carrying value of cash equivalents, which includes securities and other investments with an original or remaining maturity of three months or less at the time of purchase, was $5.0 billion and $9.6 billion, or 1.0% and 2.0% of total cash and invested assets, at December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively.
Derivative Financial Instruments Derivatives.
The Company is exposed to various risks relating to its ongoing business operations, including interest rate risk, foreign currency risk, credit risk, and equity market risk.
The Company uses a variety of strategies to manage these risks, including the use of derivative instruments.
See Note 4 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for: ‰ A comprehensive description of the nature of the Company’s derivative instruments, including the strategies for which derivatives are used in managing various risks.
‰ Information about the notional amount, estimated fair value, and primary underlying risk exposure of the Company’s derivative financial instruments, excluding embedded derivatives held at December 31, 2011 and 2010.
Hedging.
See Note 4 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for information about: ‰ The notional amount and estimated fair value of derivatives and non-derivative instruments designated as hedging instruments by type of hedge designation at December 31, 2011 and 2010.
‰ The notional amount and estimated fair value of derivatives that are not designated or do not qualify as hedging instruments by derivative type at December 31, 2011 and 2010.
‰ The statement of operations effects of derivatives in cash flow, fair value, or non-qualifying hedge relationships for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010, and 2009.
See “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk — Management of Market Risk Exposures — Hedging Activities” for more information about the Company’s use of derivatives by major hedge program.
Fair Value Hierarchy.
Derivatives measured at estimated fair value on a recurring basis and their corresponding fair value hierarchy, are presented as follows:
## Table 2 ##
The valuation of Level 3 derivatives involves the use of significant unobservable inputs and generally requires a higher degree of management judgment or estimation than the valuations of Level 1 and Level 2 derivatives.
Although Level 3 inputs are unobservable, management believes they are consistent with what other market participants would use when pricing such instruments and are considered appropriate given the circumstances.
The use of different inputs or methodologies could have a material effect on the estimated fair value of Level 3 derivatives and could materially affect net income.
Derivatives categorized as Level 3 at December 31, 2011 include: interest rate swaps and interest rate forwards with maturities which extend beyond the observable portion of the yield curve; interest rate lock commitments with certain unobservable inputs, including pull-through rates; equity variance swaps with unobservable volatility inputs; foreign currency swaps which are cancelable and priced through independent broker quotations; credit default swaps based upon baskets of credits having unobservable credit spreads, or that are priced through independent broker quotations;
to, rather than as a substitute for, cash provided by operating activities.
The following table reconciles cash provided by operating activities (GAAP measure) to free cash flow (non-GAAP measure):
## Table 3 ##
2016 Outlook ?
Safety – Operating a safe railroad benefits all our constituents: our employees, customers, shareholders and the communities we serve.
We will continue using a multi-faceted approach to safety, utilizing technology, risk assessment, quality control, training and employee engagement, and targeted capital investments.
We will continue using and expanding the deployment of Total Safety Culture and Courage to Care throughout our operations, which allows us to identify and implement best practices for employee and operational safety.
We will continue our efforts to increase detection of rail defects; improve or close crossings; and educate the public and law enforcement agencies about crossing safety through a combination of our own programs (including risk assessment strategies), industry programs and local community activities across our network.  ?
Network Operations – In 2016, we will continue to align resources with customer demand, continue to improve network performance, and maintain our surge capability.  ?
Fuel Prices – With the dramatic drop in fuel prices during 2015, fuel price projections continue to be uncertain in the current environment.
We again could see volatile fuel prices during the year, as they are sensitive to global and U. S.  domestic demand, refining capacity, geopolitical events, weather conditions and other factors.
As prices fluctuate, there will be a timing impact on earnings, as our fuel surcharge programs trail fluctuations in fuel price by approximately two months.
Continuing lower fuel prices could have a positive impact on the economy by increasing consumer discretionary spending that potentially could increase demand for various consumer products that we transport.
Alternatively, lower fuel prices will likely have a negative impact on other commodities such as coal, frac sand and crude oil shipments.  ?
Capital Plan – In 2016, we expect our capital plan to be approximately $3.75 billion, including expenditures for PTC, 230 locomotives and 450 freight cars.
The capital plan may be revised if business conditions warrant or if new laws or regulations affect our ability to generate sufficient returns on these investments.
(See further discussion in this Item 7 under Liquidity and Capital Resources – Capital Plan. )
?
Financial Expectations – Economic conditions in many of our market sectors continue to drive uncertainty with respect to our volume levels.
We expect volumes to be down slightly in 2016 compared to 2015, but will depend on the overall economy and market conditions.
The strong U. S.  dollar and historic low commodity prices could also drive continued volatility.
One of the biggest uncertainties is the outlook for energy markets, which will bring both challenges and opportunities.
In the current environment, we expect continued margin improvement driven by continued pricing opportunities, ongoing productivity initiatives, and the ability to leverage our resources and strengthen our franchise.
Over the longer term, we expect the overall U. S.  economy to continue to improve at a modest pace, with some markets outperforming others.

<table><tr><td></td><td colspan="5"> December 31, 2005</td></tr><tr><td></td><td> Cost or </td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td> Amortized </td><td colspan="2"> Gross Unrealized</td><td> Estimated </td><td> % of </td></tr><tr><td></td><td> Cost</td><td> Gain</td><td> Loss</td><td> Fair Value</td><td> Total</td></tr><tr><td></td><td colspan="5"> (In millions)</td></tr><tr><td>U.S. corporate securities</td><td>$72,532</td><td>$2,816</td><td>$838</td><td>$74,510</td><td>32.4%</td></tr><tr><td>Residential mortgage-backed securities</td><td>47,365</td><td>353</td><td>472</td><td>47,246</td><td>20.5</td></tr><tr><td>Foreign corporate securities</td><td>33,578</td><td>1,842</td><td>439</td><td>34,981</td><td>15.2</td></tr><tr><td>U.S. Treasury/agency securities</td><td>25,643</td><td>1,401</td><td>86</td><td>26,958</td><td>11.7</td></tr><tr><td>Commercial mortgage-backed securities</td><td>17,682</td><td>223</td><td>207</td><td>17,698</td><td>7.7</td></tr><tr><td>Asset-backed securities</td><td>11,533</td><td>91</td><td>51</td><td>11,573</td><td>5.0</td></tr><tr><td>Foreign government securities</td><td>10,080</td><td>1,401</td><td>35</td><td>11,446</td><td>5.0</td></tr><tr><td>State and political subdivision securities</td><td>4,601</td><td>185</td><td>36</td><td>4,750</td><td>2.1</td></tr><tr><td>Other fixed maturity securities</td><td>912</td><td>17</td><td>41</td><td>888</td><td>0.4</td></tr><tr><td>Total fixed maturity securities</td><td>$223,926</td><td>$8,329</td><td>$2,205</td><td>$230,050</td><td>100.0%</td></tr><tr><td>Common stock</td><td>$2,004</td><td>$250</td><td>$30</td><td>$2,224</td><td>66.6%</td></tr><tr><td>Non-redeemable preferred stock</td><td>1,080</td><td>45</td><td>11</td><td>1,114</td><td>33.4</td></tr><tr><td>Total equity securities</td><td>$3,084</td><td>$295</td><td>$41</td><td>$3,338</td><td>100.0%</td></tr></table>
<table><tr><td></td><td colspan="6"> December 31, 2006</td></tr><tr><td></td><td colspan="2"> Cost or Amortized   Cost</td><td colspan="2"> Gross Unrealized   Loss</td><td colspan="2"> Number of   Securities</td></tr><tr><td></td><td> Less than </td><td> 20% or </td><td> Less than </td><td> 20% or </td><td> Less than </td><td> 20% or </td></tr><tr><td></td><td> 20%</td><td> more</td><td> 20%</td><td> more</td><td> 20%</td><td> more</td></tr><tr><td></td><td colspan="6"> (In millions, except number of securities)</td></tr><tr><td>Less than six months</td><td>$52,384</td><td>$36</td><td>$549</td><td>$12</td><td>9,240</td><td>83</td></tr><tr><td>Six months or greater but less than nine months</td><td>3,143</td><td>3</td><td>56</td><td>1</td><td>706</td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td>Nine months or greater but less than twelve months</td><td>12,199</td><td>14</td><td>211</td><td>4</td><td>989</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td>Twelve months or greater</td><td>48,066</td><td>29</td><td>1,537</td><td>7</td><td>4,787</td><td>6</td></tr><tr><td>Total</td><td>$115,792</td><td>$82</td><td>$2,353</td><td>$24</td><td>15,722</td><td>92</td></tr></table>
<table><tr><td></td><td colspan="4"> December 31, 2011</td></tr><tr><td></td><td colspan="2">Derivative Assets</td><td colspan="2"> Derivative Liabilities</td></tr><tr><td></td><td colspan="4"> (In millions)</td></tr><tr><td>Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities (Level 1)</td><td>$62</td><td>1%</td><td>$103</td><td>3%</td></tr><tr><td>Significant other observable inputs (Level 2)</td><td>14,746</td><td>90</td><td>3,750</td><td>93</td></tr><tr><td>Significant unobservable inputs (Level 3)</td><td>1,392</td><td>9</td><td>158</td><td>4</td></tr><tr><td>Total estimated fair value</td><td>$16,200</td><td>100%</td><td>$4,011</td><td>100%</td></tr></table>
<table><tr><td>Millions</td><td>2015</td><td>2014</td><td>2013</td></tr><tr><td>Cash provided by operating activities</td><td>$7,344</td><td>$7,385</td><td>$6,823</td></tr><tr><td>Cash used in investing activities</td><td>-4,476</td><td>-4,249</td><td>-3,405</td></tr><tr><td>Dividends paid</td><td>-2,344</td><td>-1,632</td><td>-1,333</td></tr><tr><td>Free cash flow</td><td>$524</td><td>$1,504</td><td>$2,085</td></tr></table>

Question: what was the percentage change in free cash flow from 2014 to 2015?
Answer: -0.6516