Performance Graph The following graph compares the performance of our common stock with that of the S&P 500 Index and the S&P 500 Healthcare Equipment Index.
The cumulative total return listed below assumes an initial investment of $100 on December 31, 2009 and reinvestment of dividends.
COMPARISON OF 5 YEAR CUMULATIVE TOTAL RETURN
## Table 0 ##
d $920 million of 9.0% fixed-rate junior subordinated notes to retail investors.
Both issuances are considered hybrid capital securities, which receive enhanced equity treatment from the rating agencies.
Both series of notes have a scheduled maturity of June 15, 2038 and a final maturity of June 15, 2068.
In connection with the issuance of both series of notes, Prudential Financial entered into a replacement capital covenant, or RCC, for the benefit of holders of its 6.625% Senior Notes due 2037.
Under the RCC, Prudential Financial agreed that it will not repay, redeem, defease, or purchase the notes prior to June 15, 2048, unless it has received proceeds from the issuance of specified replacement capital securities, which include, but are not limited to, hybrid capital securities and common stock.
See Note 14 to our Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information concerning these junior subordinated notes.
Consolidated Borrowings Current capital markets activities for the Company on a consolidated basis principally consist of unsecured short-term and long-term borrowings by Prudential Funding and Prudential Financial, unsecured third party bank borrowings, and asset-based or secured financing.
As of December 31, 2010, we were in compliance with all debt covenants related to the borrowings in the table below.
The following table sets forth total consolidated borrowings of the Company as of the dates indicated:
## Table 1 ##
(1) As of December 31, 2010 and 2009, includes $0.3 billion and $2.0 billion, respectively, of short-term debt representing collateralized advances with the Federal Home Loan Bank of New York, which are discussed in more detail in “—Alternative Sources of Liquidity—Federal Home Loan Bank of New York.
” (2) As of both December 31, 2010 and 2009, includes $3.2 billion of floating rate surplus notes issued by subsidiaries of Prudential Insurance to fund regulatory reserves, as well as $942 million and $941 million, respectively, of fixed rate surplus notes issued by Prudential Insurance.
(3) Reflects collateralized advances with Federal Home Loan Bank of New York, which are discussed in more detail in “—Alternative Sources of Liquidity—Federal Home Loan Bank of New York.
” (4) As of both December 31, 2010 and 2009, $1.750 billion of limited and non-recourse long-term debt outstanding was attributable to the Closed Block Business.
(5) Does not include $3.5 billion and $4.9 billion of medium-term notes of consolidated trust entities secured by funding agreements purchased with the proceeds of such notes as of December 31, 2010 and 2009, respectively, or $1.5 billion of collateralized funding agreements issued to the Federal Home Loan Bank of New York as of both December 31, 2010 and 2009.
These notes and funding agreements are included in “Policyholders’ account balances.
” For additional information on the trust notes, see “—Funding Agreement Notes Issuance Program” and for additional information on the Federal Home Loan Bank of New York funding agreements, see “—Alternative Sources of Liquidity—Federal Home Loan Bank of New York.
” On September 18, 2009, Prudential Insurance issued in a private placement $500 million of surplus notes due September 2019, with an interest rate of 5.36% per annum, that are exchangeable by the holders for shares of Prudential Financial Common Stock.
See Note 14 to our Consolidated Financial Statements for more information regarding these exchangeable surplus notes.
The proceeds from the sale of these surplus notes are being used for general corporate purposes at Prudential Insurance.
Total general debt obligations increased by $1.9 billion from December 31, 2009 to December 31, 2010, primarily reflecting issuances of medium-term notes and an increase in commercial paper utilized to fund loans to our affiliates, offset by the repayment of the collateralized advance with the Federal Home Loan Bank of New York and certain retail medium-term notes.
Our total borrowings consist of capital debt, investment-related debt, securities business-related debt and debt related to specified other businesses.
Capital debt consists of borrowings that are used or will be used to meet the capital requirements of Prudential Financial, as well as borrowings invested in equity or debt securities of direct or indirect subsidiaries of Prudential Financial and subsidiary borrowings utilized for capital requirements.
Investment-related borrowings consist of debt issued to finance specific investment assets or portfolios of investment assets, including institutional spread lending investment portfolios, real estate and real estate-related investments held in consolidated joint ventures, assets supporting reserve requirements under Regulation XXX and Guideline AXXX as described below, as well as institutional and insurance company portfolio cash flow timing differences.
Securities business-related debt consists of debt issued to finance primarily the liquidity of our broker-dealers and our capital markets and other securities business-related operations.
Debt related to specified other businesses consists of borrowings associated with our individual annuity business, real estate franchises and relocation services.
Borrowings under which either the holder is entitled to collect only against the assets pledged to the debt as collateral, or has only very limited rights to collect against other assets, have been classified as limited and non-recourse debt.
(1) Amounts exclude prepayment premiums, other-than-temporary impairments, and credit related losses through sales of investments pursuant to our credit risk and portfolio management objectives.
(2) Excludes the portion of other-than-temporary impairments recorded in “Other comprehensive income (loss),” representing any difference between the fair value of the impaired debt security and the net present value of its projected future cash flows at the time of impairment.
Net trading gains on sales and maturities of fixed maturity securities of $207 million in 2010 were primarily due to sales within our Retirement and Individual Annuities segments.
Included in the gross gains on sales and maturities of fixed maturity securities were $4 million of gross gains related to the sale of asset-backed securities collateralized by sub-prime mortgages.
Net trading gains on sales and maturities of fixed maturity securities of $469 million in 2009 were primarily due to sales of government bonds in our Gibraltar Life and Japanese Life Planner operations and sales within our Individual Annuities segment.
Sales of fixed maturity securities in our Individual Annuities segment were primarily due to transfers of investments out of our general account and into separate accounts relating to an automatic rebalancing element embedded in the living benefit features of some of our variable annuity products.
There were no sales in 2009 related to asset-backed securities collateralized by sub-prime mortgages.
See “—General Account Investments—Fixed Maturity Securities—Asset-Backed Securities” for additional information regarding our exposure to sub-prime mortgages.
See below for additional information regarding the other-than-temporary impairments of fixed maturity securities in 2010 and 2009.
Net realized gains on equity securities were $11 million in 2010, of which net trading gains on sales of equity securities were $89 million, partially offset by other-than-temporary impairments of $78 million.
Net trading gains in 2010 were primarily due to private equity sales within our Corporate and Other operations and sales within our International Insurance operations.
Net realized losses on equity securities were $402 million in 2009, of which other-than-temporary impairments were $389 million and net trading losses on sales of equity securities were $13 million.
Net trading losses in 2009 were primarily due to sales within our Gibraltar Life operations.
See below for additional information regarding the other-than-temporary impairments of equity securities in 2010 and 2009.
Net realized gains on commercial mortgage and other loans in 2010 were $35 million and primarily related to a net decrease in the loan loss reserves of $103 million and mark-to-market net gains on our interim loan portfolio of $17 million.
These net gains were partially offset by net realized losses on loan modifications, payoffs, and foreclosures within our commercial mortgage operations.
Net losses on commercial mortgage and other loans in 2009 were $517 million primarily related to the net increase in the loan loss reserve of $317 million and mark-to-market losses on mortgage loans within our commercial mortgage operations.
For additional information regarding our commercial mortgage and other loan loss reserves see “—General Account Investments—Commercial Mortgage and Other Loans— Commercial Mortgage and Other Loan Quality.
” Net realized gains on derivatives were $601 million in 2010, compared to net realized gains of $171 million in 2009.
The net derivative gains in 2010 primarily reflect net gains of $521 million on interest rate derivatives used to manage duration as interest rates declined and net gains of $325 million primarily related to embedded derivatives and related hedge positions associated with certain variable annuity contracts.
See “—Results of Operations for Financial Services Businesses by Segment—U.
S.  Retirement Solutions and Investment Management Division—Individual Annuities” for additional information.
Also contributing to these gains are net derivative gains of $99 million on currency derivatives used to hedge foreign denominated investments and net gains of $43 million on embedded derivatives associated with certain externally-managed investments in the European market.
Partially offsetting these gains were net derivative losses of $319 million on foreign currency forward contracts used to hedge the future income of non-U.
S.  businesses primarily in Japan and net losses of $75 million on credit derivatives as credit spreads tightened.
The net derivative gains in 2009 primarily reflect net gains of $376 million on embedded derivatives and related hedge positions associated with certain variable annuity contracts.
Also contributing to the net derivative gains in 2009 were net gains of $196 million on embedded derivatives associated with certain externallymanaged investments in the European market and net gains of $87 million on mark-to-market adjustments from credit derivatives.
Partially offsetting these gains were net mark-to-market losses of $376 million on interest rate derivatives used to manage duration and net losses of $121 million on currency derivatives used to hedge foreign denominated investments.
Net realized losses on other investments were $30 million in 2010, which reflected $30 million of other other-than-temporary impairments on joint ventures and partnerships and real estate investments.
Net realized losses on other investments were $41 million in 2009, which included $48 million of other-than-temporary impairments on joint ventures and partnerships and losses on investment real estate in our asset management operations.
During 2010, we recorded other-than-temporary impairments of $672 million in earnings, compared to total other-than-temporary impairments of $1,611 million recorded in earnings in 2009.
The following tables set forth, for the periods indicated, the composition of other-than-temporary impairments recorded in earnings attributable to the Financial Services Businesses by asset type, and for fixed maturity securities, by reason.
## Table 2 ##
(1) Excludes the portion of other-than-temporary impairments recorded in “Other comprehensive income (loss),” representing any difference between the fair value of the impaired debt security and the net present value of its projected future cash flows at the time of impairment.
(2) Includes other-than-temporary impairments relating to investments in joint ventures and partnerships.
## Table 3 ##
(1) Yields are based on quarterly average carrying values except for fixed maturities, equity securities and securities lending activity.
Yields for fixed maturities are based on amortized cost.
Yields for equity securities are based on cost.
Yields for fixed maturities and short-term investments and cash equivalents are calculated net of liabilities and rebate expenses corresponding to securities lending activity.
Yields exclude investment income on assets other than those included in invested assets.
Prior periods’ yields are presented on a basis consistent with the current period presentation.
(2) Includes investment income of securities brokerage, securities trading, banking operations, real estate and relocation services, and asset management operations.
See below for a discussion of the change in the Financial Services Businesses’ yields.
The increase in net investment income yield attributable to the Closed Block Business for 2010 compared to 2009, was primarily due to investments in joint ventures and limited partnerships, driven by appreciation and gains on the underlying assets, partially offset by the impact of lower interest rates on floating rate investments due to rate resets and lower fixed income reinvestment rates.
The decrease in net investment income yield attributable to the Closed Block Business for 2009 compared to 2008 was primarily due to the impact of lower interest rates on floating rate investments due to rate resets, higher losses from investments in joint ventures and limited partnerships, driven by depreciation and losses on the underlying assets, and lower income from short-term investments as a result of lower short-term rates.
The following tables set forth the income yield and investment income, excluding realized investment gains (losses) and non-hedge accounting derivative results, for each major investment category of the Financial Services Businesses’ general account, excluding the Japanese operations’ portion of the general account which is presented separately below, for the periods indicated.
## Table 4 ##
(1) Yields are based on quarterly average carrying values except for fixed maturities, equity securities and securities lending activity.
Yields for fixed maturities are based on amortized cost.
Yields for equity securities are based on cost.
Yields for fixed maturities and short-term investments and cash equivalents are calculated net of liabilities and rebate expenses corresponding to securities lending activity.
Yields exclude investment income on assets other than those included in invested assets.
Prior periods’ yields are presented on a basis consistent with the current period presentation.
(2) Includes investment income of securities brokerage, securities trading, banking operations, real estate and relocation services, and asset management operations.

<table><tr><td>Total Cumulative Return</td><td>2010</td><td>2011</td><td>2012</td><td>2013</td><td>2014</td></tr><tr><td>Edwards Lifesciences</td><td>$186.16</td><td>$162.81</td><td>$207.65</td><td>$151.43</td><td>$293.33</td></tr><tr><td>S&P 500</td><td>115.06</td><td>117.49</td><td>136.30</td><td>180.44</td><td>205.14</td></tr><tr><td>S&P 500 Healthcare Equipment Index</td><td>96.84</td><td>102.07</td><td>120.66</td><td>153.85</td><td>194.33</td></tr></table>
<table><tr><td></td><td colspan="2"> December 31,</td></tr><tr><td></td><td> 2010</td><td> 2009</td></tr><tr><td></td><td colspan="2"> (in millions)</td></tr><tr><td> Borrowings:</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>General obligation short-term debt-1</td><td>$1,982</td><td>$3,122</td></tr><tr><td>General obligation long-term debt:</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Senior debt</td><td>15,517</td><td>13,199</td></tr><tr><td>Junior subordinated debt (hybrid securities)</td><td>1,519</td><td>1,518</td></tr><tr><td>Surplus notes-2</td><td>4,142</td><td>4,141</td></tr><tr><td>Other-3</td><td>725</td><td>0</td></tr><tr><td>Total general obligation long-term debt</td><td>21,903</td><td>18,858</td></tr><tr><td> Total general obligations</td><td>23,885</td><td>21,980</td></tr><tr><td>Limited and non-recourse borrowing:</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Limited and non-recourse long-term debt-4</td><td>1,750</td><td>2,179</td></tr><tr><td>Total limited and non-recourse borrowing</td><td>1,750</td><td>2,179</td></tr><tr><td> Total borrowings-5</td><td>25,635</td><td>24,159</td></tr><tr><td>Total asset-based financing</td><td>8,057</td><td>9,197</td></tr><tr><td> Total borrowings and asset-based financings</td><td>$33,692</td><td>$33,356</td></tr></table>
<table><tr><td rowspan="3"></td><td colspan="2"> Year Ended December 31,</td></tr><tr><td> 2010</td><td> 2009</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2">(in millions)</td></tr><tr><td> Other-than-temporary impairments recorded in earnings—Financial Services Businesses-1</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Public fixed maturity securities</td><td>$422</td><td>$1,022</td></tr><tr><td>Private fixed maturity securities</td><td>142</td><td>152</td></tr><tr><td>Total fixed maturity securities</td><td>564</td><td>1,174</td></tr><tr><td>Equity securities</td><td>78</td><td>389</td></tr><tr><td>Other invested assets-2</td><td>30</td><td>48</td></tr><tr><td>Total</td><td>$672</td><td>$1,611</td></tr></table>
<table><tr><td></td><td colspan="6">Year Ended December 31, 2008</td></tr><tr><td></td><td colspan="2">Financial Services Businesses</td><td colspan="2">Closed Block Business</td><td colspan="2">Combined</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>Yield-1</td><td>Amount</td><td>Yield-1</td><td>Amount</td><td>Yield-1</td><td>Amount</td></tr><tr><td></td><td colspan="6">($ in millions)</td></tr><tr><td>Fixed maturities</td><td>4.86%</td><td>$5,662</td><td>6.40%</td><td>$2,664</td><td>5.26%</td><td>$8,326</td></tr><tr><td>Trading account assets supporting insurance liabilities</td><td>5.34</td><td>749</td><td>0.00</td><td>0</td><td>5.34</td><td>749</td></tr><tr><td>Equity securities</td><td>5.01</td><td>223</td><td>3.17</td><td>101</td><td>4.24</td><td>324</td></tr><tr><td>Commercial mortgage and other loans</td><td>6.01</td><td>1,241</td><td>6.60</td><td>542</td><td>6.18</td><td>1,783</td></tr><tr><td>Policy loans</td><td>5.24</td><td>208</td><td>6.42</td><td>336</td><td>5.91</td><td>544</td></tr><tr><td>Short-term investments and cash equivalents</td><td>2.82</td><td>304</td><td>10.67</td><td>101</td><td>3.17</td><td>405</td></tr><tr><td>Other investments</td><td>4.26</td><td>140</td><td>-2.92</td><td>-44</td><td>2.01</td><td>96</td></tr><tr><td>Gross investment income before investment expenses</td><td>4.93</td><td>8,527</td><td>6.05</td><td>3,700</td><td>5.22</td><td>12,227</td></tr><tr><td>Investment expenses</td><td>-0.15</td><td>-295</td><td>-0.24</td><td>-278</td><td>-0.17</td><td>-573</td></tr><tr><td>Investment income after investment expenses</td><td>4.78%</td><td>8,232</td><td>5.81%</td><td>3,422</td><td>5.05%</td><td>11,654</td></tr><tr><td>Investment results of other entities and operations-2</td><td></td><td>207</td><td></td><td>0</td><td></td><td>207</td></tr><tr><td>Total investment income</td><td></td><td>$8,439</td><td></td><td>$3,422</td><td></td><td>$11,861</td></tr></table>
<table><tr><td></td><td colspan="6">Year Ended December 31,</td></tr><tr><td></td><td colspan="2">2010</td><td colspan="2">2009</td><td colspan="2">2008</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>Yield-1</td><td>Amount</td><td>Yield-1</td><td>Amount</td><td>Yield-1</td><td>Amount</td></tr><tr><td></td><td colspan="6">($ in millions)</td></tr><tr><td>Fixed maturities</td><td>5.58%</td><td>$4,194</td><td>5.74%</td><td>$4,172</td><td>6.06%</td><td>$4,348</td></tr><tr><td>Trading account assets supporting insurance liabilities</td><td>4.73</td><td>724</td><td>5.38</td><td>721</td><td>5.61</td><td>726</td></tr><tr><td>Equity securities</td><td>9.29</td><td>168</td><td>9.84</td><td>167</td><td>7.73</td><td>150</td></tr><tr><td>Commercial mortgage and other loans</td><td>6.32</td><td>1,081</td><td>6.04</td><td>1,070</td><td>6.22</td><td>1,097</td></tr><tr><td>Policy loans</td><td>5.72</td><td>171</td><td>5.94</td><td>162</td><td>5.87</td><td>158</td></tr><tr><td>Short-term investments and cash equivalents</td><td>0.33</td><td>32</td><td>0.50</td><td>55</td><td>2.89</td><td>283</td></tr><tr><td>Other investments</td><td>3.21</td><td>61</td><td>0.39</td><td>9</td><td>0.03</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td>Gross investment income before investment expenses</td><td>5.22</td><td>6,431</td><td>5.27</td><td>6,356</td><td>5.75</td><td>6,763</td></tr><tr><td>Investment expenses</td><td>-0.11</td><td>-96</td><td>-0.14</td><td>-110</td><td>-0.13</td><td>-188</td></tr><tr><td>Investment income after investment expenses</td><td>5.11%</td><td>6,335</td><td>5.13%</td><td>6,246</td><td>5.62%</td><td>6,575</td></tr><tr><td>Investment results of other entities and operations-2</td><td></td><td>219</td><td></td><td>118</td><td></td><td>207</td></tr><tr><td>Total investment income</td><td></td><td>$6,554</td><td></td><td>$6,364</td><td></td><td>$6,782</td></tr></table>

Question: Which year Ended December 31 is Amount of Equity securities the highest?
Answer: 2010