Legal and Other Contingencies We are involved from time to time in various legal proceedings and claims, including commercial or contractual disputes, product liability claims, government investigations, product warranties and environmental and other matters, that arise in the normal course of business.
We routinely assess the likelihood of any adverse judgments or outcomes related to these matters, as well as ranges of probable losses, by consulting with internal personnel involved with such matters as well as with outside legal counsel handling such matters.
We have accrued for estimated losses in accordance with U. S.  GAAP for those matters where we believe that the likelihood of a loss has occurred, is probable and the amount of the loss is reasonably estimable.
The determination of the amount of such reserves is based on knowledge and experience with regard to past and current matters and consultation with internal personnel involved with such matters and with outside legal counsel handling such matters.
The amount of such reserves may change in the future due to new developments or changes in circumstances.
The inherent uncertainty related to the outcome of these matters can result in amounts materially different from any provisions made with respect to their resolution.
Environmental Matters Environmental remediation liabilities are recognized when a loss is probable and can be reasonably estimated.
Such liabilities generally are not subject to insurance coverage.
The cost of each environmental remediation is estimated by engineering, financial, and legal specialists based on current law and considers the estimated cost of investigation and remediation required and the likelihood that, where applicable, other responsible parties will be able to fulfill their legal obligations and commitments.
The process of estimating environmental remediation liabilities is complex and dependent primarily on the nature and extent of historical information and physical data relating to a contaminated site, the complexity of the site, the uncertainty as to what remediation and technology will be required, and the outcome of discussions with regulatory agencies and, if applicable, other responsible parties.
In future periods, new laws or regulations, advances in remediation technologies and additional information about the ultimate remediation methodology to be used could significantly change our estimates.
Refer to Note 13.
Commitments and Contingencies to the audited consolidated financial statements included herein for additional details.
We cannot ensure that environmental requirements will not change or become more stringent over time or that our eventual environmental costs and liabilities will not exceed the amount of current reserves.
In the event that such liabilities were to significantly exceed the amounts recorded, our results of operations could be materially affected.
Restructuring Accruals have been recorded in conjunction with our restructuring actions.
These accruals include estimates primarily related to employee termination costs, contract termination costs and other related exit costs in conjunction with workforce reduction and programs related to the rationalization of manufacturing and engineering processes.
Actual costs may vary from these estimates.
These accruals are reviewed on a quarterly basis and changes to restructuring actions are appropriately recognized when identified.
Pensions We use actuarial estimated and related actuarial methods to calculate our obligation and expense.
We are required to select certain actuarial assumptions, which are determined based on current market conditions, historical information and consultation with and input from our actuaries and asset managers.
Refer to Note 12.
Pension Benefits to the audited consolidated financial statements included herein for additional details.
The key factors which impact our estimates are (1) discount rates; (2) asset return assumptions; and (3) actuarial assumptions such as retirement age and mortality which are determined as of the current year measurement date.
We review our actuarial assumptions on an annual basis and make modifications to the assumptions based on current rates and trends when appropriate.
Experience gains and losses, as well as the effects of changes in actuarial assumptions and plan provisions are recognized in other comprehensive income.
Cumulative actuarial gains and losses in excess of 10% of the projected benefit obligation (“PBO”) for a particular plan are amortized over the average future service period of the employees in that plan.
The principal assumptions used to determine the pension expense and the actuarial value of the projected benefit obligation for the U. S.  and non-U.
S.  pension plans were: Assumptions used to determine benefit obligations at December 31:
## Table 0 ##
ILLUMINA, INC.  NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) utilized.
In accordance with SFAS No.144, Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets, a non-cash impairment charge of $4.1 million was recorded in the second quarter of fiscal 2008 for the excess machinery.
This charge is included as a separate line item in the Company’s consolidated statement of operations.
There was no change to useful lives and related depreciation expense of the remaining assets as the Company believes these estimates are currently reflective of the period the assets will be used in operations.7.
Warranties The Company generally provides a one-year warranty on sequencing, genotyping and gene expression systems.
At the time revenue is recognized, the Company establishes an accrual for estimated warranty expenses associated with system sales.
This expense is recorded as a component of cost of product revenue.
Estimated warranty expenses associated with extended maintenance contracts are recorded as cost of revenue ratably over the term of the maintenance contract.
Changes in the Company’s reserve for product warranties from January 1, 2006 through December 28, 2008 are as follows (in thousands):
## Table 1 ##
8.
Convertible Senior Notes On February 16, 2007, the Company issued $400.0 million principal amount of 0.625% Convertible Senior Notes due 2014 (the Notes), which included the exercise of the initial purchasers’ option to purchase up to an additional $50.0 million aggregate principal amount of Notes.
The net proceeds from the offering, after deducting the initial purchasers’ discount and offering expenses, were $390.3 million.
The Company will pay 0.625% interest per annum on the principal amount of the Notes, payable semi-annually in arrears in cash on February 15 and August 15 of each year.
The Company made interest payments of $1.3 million and $1.2 million on February 15, 2008 and August 15, 2008, respectively.
The Notes mature on February 15, 2014.
The Notes will be convertible into cash and, if applicable, shares of the Company’s common stock, $0.01 par value per share, based on a conversion rate, subject to adjustment, of 45.8058 shares per $1,000 principal amount of Notes (which represents a conversion price of $21.83 per share), only in the following circumstances and to the following extent: (1) during the five business-day period after any five consecutive trading period (the measurement period) in which the trading price per Note for each day of such measurement period was less than 97% of the product of the last reported sale price of the Company’s common stock and the conversion rate on each such day; (2) during any calendar quarter after the calendar quarter ending March 30, 2007, if the last reported sale price of the Company’s common stock for 20 or more trading days in a period of 30 consecutive trading days ending on the last trading day of the immediately
## Table 2 ##
(1) Includes exposure to Alt-a mortgage loans with an amortized cost of $67.3 million, gross unrealized losses of $17.3 million and a carrying amount of $50.0 million.
The Alt-a portfolio has a weighted average rating of AA and 66% are 2005 and prior vintages.
(2) This exposure is all related to sub-prime mortgage loans.
(3) Includes exposure to sub-prime mortgage loans with an amortized cost of $66.4 million, gross unrealized gains of $0.1 million, gross unrealized losses of $46.6 million and a carrying amount of $19.9 million.
Of the $2,928.9 million in gross unrealized losses as of December 31, 2009, there were $5.5 million in losses attributed to securities scheduled to mature in one year or less, $145.3 million attributed to securities scheduled to mature between one to five years, $189.2 million attributed to securities scheduled to mature between five to ten years, $722.7 million attributed to securities scheduled to mature after ten years and $1,866.2 million related to mortgage-backed and other ABS that are not classified by maturity year.
Of the $6,269.9 million decrease in net unrealized losses for the year ended December 31, 2009, an approximate $1.9 billion net unrealized loss can be attributed to an approximate 110 basis points increase in interest rates and is more than offset by net unrealized gains related to other market factors.
Of the $7,781.8 million increase in net unrealized losses for the year ended December 31, 2008, an approximate $3.1 billion net unrealized gain can be attributed to an approximate 210 basis points decrease in interest rates and is more than offset by net unrealized losses related to other market factors.
Credit Disruption.
The credit disruption in the market that began in the last half of 2007 from concerns in the sub-prime markets, and continued into 2008 and 2009 with concerns in the leveraged finance markets has led to reduced liquidity and wider credit spreads.
These credit concerns led to widespread forced selling into a very thinly traded market, which further strained market liquidity.
This market disruption lowered valuations and, as a result, we have seen an increase in unrealized losses in our securities portfolio.
The losses were more pronounced in the Finance sectors and in structured products such as collateralized debt obligations, ABS and CMBS.
The decline in value in large part reflects the illiquid markets.
During the second quarter of 2009 and continuing through the end of the year, a narrowing of credit spreads and improvement in liquidity resulted in a decrease in the unrealized losses in our securities portfolio relative to year-end 2008.
Future changes in the fair value of these securities will be dependent on continued improvement in

<table><tr><td></td><td colspan="4">Pension Benefits</td></tr><tr><td></td><td colspan="2">U.S. Plans</td><td colspan="2">Non-U.S. Plans</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>2013</td><td>2012</td><td>2013</td><td>2012</td></tr><tr><td>Weighted-average discount rate</td><td>3.00%</td><td>2.40%</td><td>4.58%</td><td>4.41%</td></tr><tr><td>Weighted-average rate of increase in compensation levels</td><td>N/A</td><td>N/A</td><td>3.85%</td><td>3.50%</td></tr></table>
<table><tr><td>Balance as of January 1, 2006</td><td>$751</td></tr><tr><td>Additions charged to cost of revenue</td><td>1,379</td></tr><tr><td>Repairs and replacements</td><td>-1,134</td></tr><tr><td>Balance as of December 31, 2006</td><td>996</td></tr><tr><td>Additions charged to cost of revenue</td><td>4,939</td></tr><tr><td>Repairs and replacements</td><td>-2,219</td></tr><tr><td>Balance as of December 30, 2007</td><td>3,716</td></tr><tr><td>Additions charged to cost of revenue</td><td>13,044</td></tr><tr><td>Repairs and replacements</td><td>-8,557</td></tr><tr><td>Balance as of December 28, 2008</td><td>$8,203</td></tr></table>
<table><tr><td> </td><td colspan="4"> December 31, 2008</td></tr><tr><td> </td><td> Amortized cost</td><td> Gross unrealized gains</td><td> Gross unrealized losses</td><td> Carrying amount</td></tr><tr><td> </td><td colspan="4"><i>(in millions)</i> </td></tr><tr><td>Finance — Banking</td><td>$4,248.7</td><td>$14.9</td><td>$1,095.1</td><td>$3,168.5</td></tr><tr><td>Finance — Brokerage</td><td>785.4</td><td>0.9</td><td>128.5</td><td>657.8</td></tr><tr><td>Finance — Finance Companies</td><td>418.6</td><td>0.1</td><td>84.7</td><td>334.0</td></tr><tr><td>Finance — Financial Other</td><td>753.3</td><td>6.8</td><td>104.6</td><td>655.5</td></tr><tr><td>Finance — Insurance</td><td>2,885.8</td><td>38.1</td><td>706.6</td><td>2,217.3</td></tr><tr><td>Finance — REITS</td><td>1,412.5</td><td>—</td><td>430.6</td><td>981.9</td></tr><tr><td>Industrial — Basic Industry</td><td>2,030.0</td><td>10.6</td><td>303.8</td><td>1,736.8</td></tr><tr><td>Industrial — Capital Goods</td><td>2,322.3</td><td>15.1</td><td>316.8</td><td>2,020.6</td></tr><tr><td>Industrial — Communications</td><td>2,943.7</td><td>32.3</td><td>297.0</td><td>2,679.0</td></tr><tr><td>Industrial — Consumer Cyclical</td><td>2,023.8</td><td>18.7</td><td>338.7</td><td>1,703.8</td></tr><tr><td>Industrial — Consumer Non-Cyclical</td><td>3,184.7</td><td>31.2</td><td>298.5</td><td>2,917.4</td></tr><tr><td>Industrial — Energy</td><td>1,958.0</td><td>9.6</td><td>224.5</td><td>1,743.1</td></tr><tr><td>Industrial — Other</td><td>952.8</td><td>2.4</td><td>117.6</td><td>837.6</td></tr><tr><td>Industrial — Technology</td><td>876.7</td><td>2.2</td><td>115.3</td><td>763.6</td></tr><tr><td>Industrial — Transportation</td><td>992.2</td><td>10.3</td><td>124.5</td><td>878.0</td></tr><tr><td>Utility — Electric</td><td>2,473.4</td><td>22.8</td><td>199.2</td><td>2,297.0</td></tr><tr><td>Utility — Natural Gas</td><td>1,142.0</td><td>4.9</td><td>110.7</td><td>1,036.2</td></tr><tr><td>Utility — Other</td><td>156.7</td><td>2.3</td><td>14.3</td><td>144.7</td></tr><tr><td>Government guaranteed</td><td>799.5</td><td>75.0</td><td>57.0</td><td>817.5</td></tr><tr><td>Total corporate securities</td><td>32,360.1</td><td>298.2</td><td>5,068.0</td><td>27,590.3</td></tr><tr><td>Residential pass-through securities</td><td>1,627.5</td><td>50.5</td><td>0.5</td><td>1,677.5</td></tr><tr><td>Commercial mortgage-backed securities</td><td>5,682.7</td><td>3.7</td><td>2,081.9</td><td>3,604.5</td></tr><tr><td>Residential collateralized mortgage obligations -1</td><td>950.8</td><td>6.4</td><td>188.6</td><td>768.6</td></tr><tr><td>Asset-backed securities — Home equity -2</td><td>545.1</td><td>0.1</td><td>198.5</td><td>346.7</td></tr><tr><td>Asset-backed securities — All other</td><td>816.1</td><td>16.8</td><td>137.2</td><td>695.7</td></tr><tr><td>Collateralized debt obligations — Credit</td><td>202.8</td><td>—</td><td>123.6</td><td>79.2</td></tr><tr><td>Collateralized debt obligations — CMBS</td><td>302.2</td><td>—</td><td>173.3</td><td>128.9</td></tr><tr><td>Collateralized debt obligations — Loans</td><td>91.4</td><td>—</td><td>54.4</td><td>37.0</td></tr><tr><td>Collateralized debt obligations — ABS -3</td><td>100.0</td><td>0.2</td><td>53.5</td><td>46.7</td></tr><tr><td>Total mortgage-backed and other asset-backed securities</td><td>10,318.6</td><td>77.7</td><td>3,011.5</td><td>7,384.8</td></tr><tr><td>U.S. Government and agencies</td><td>548.4</td><td>46.9</td><td>0.1</td><td>595.2</td></tr><tr><td>States and political subdivisions</td><td>2,113.8</td><td>32.6</td><td>120.9</td><td>2,025.5</td></tr><tr><td>Non-U.S. governments</td><td>462.1</td><td>31.5</td><td>15.1</td><td>478.5</td></tr><tr><td>Total fixed maturity securities, available-for-sale</td><td>$45,803.0</td><td>$486.9</td><td>$8,215.6</td><td>$38,074.3</td></tr></table>

Question: Which element makes up more than 10 % of the total for Gross unrealized gains in 2008?
Answer: Government guaranteed, Residential pass-through securities