In prior periods, Huntington established a full valuation allowance against state deferred tax assets and state net operating loss carryforwards based on the uncertainty of forecasted state taxable income expected in applicable jurisdictions in order to utilize the state deferred tax asset and net operating loss carryforwards.
Based on current analysis of both positive and negative evidence and projected forecasted state taxable income, the Company believes that it is more likely than not that a portion of the state deferred tax asset and state net operating loss carryforwards will be realized.
As a result of this analysis, the valuation allowance was reduced to $15.1 million at December 31, 2013, compared to $64.8 million at December 31, 2012, for the portion of the deferred tax asset and state net operating loss carryforwards the Company expects to realize.18.
BENEFIT PLANS Huntington sponsors the Plan, a non-contributory defined benefit pension plan covering substantially all employees hired or rehired prior to January 1, 2010.
The Plan, which was modified during the current year and no longer accrues service benefits to participants, provides benefits based upon length of service and compensation levels.
The funding policy of Huntington is to contribute an annual amount that is at least equal to the minimum funding requirements but not more than the amount deductible under the Internal Revenue Code.
There were no required minimum contributions during 2013.
During the 2013 third quarter, the board of directors approved, and management communicated, a curtailment of the Company’s pension plan effective December 31, 2013.
As a result of the accounting treatment for the unamortized prior service pension cost and the change in the projected benefit obligation, a one-time, non-cash, pre-tax gain of approximately $33.9 million was recognized in the 2013 third quarter.
The net gain includes a gain of $34.6 million associated with the Plan and a loss of $0.7 million associated with the SRIP plan.
In addition, Huntington has an unfunded defined benefit post-retirement plan that provides certain healthcare and life insurance benefits to retired employees who have attained the age of 55 and have at least 10 years of vesting service under this plan.
For any employee retiring on or after January 1, 1993, post-retirement healthcare benefits are based upon the employee’s number of months of service and are limited to the actual cost of coverage.
Life insurance benefits are a percentage of the employee’s base salary at the time of retirement, with a maximum of $50,000 of coverage.
The employer paid portion of the post-retirement health and life insurance plan was eliminated for employees retiring on and after March 1, 2010.
Eligible employees retiring on and after March 1, 2010, who elect retiree medical coverage, will pay the full cost of this coverage.
Huntington will not provide any employer paid life insurance to employees retiring on and after March 1, 2010.
Eligible employees will be able to convert or port their existing life insurance at their own expense under the same terms that are available to all terminated employees.
The following table shows the weighted-average assumptions used to determine the benefit obligation at December 31, 2013 and 2012, and the net periodic benefit cost for the years then ended:
## Table 0 ##
(1) The 2013 expense was remeasured as of July 1, 2013.
The discount rate was 3.83% from January 1, 2013 to July 1, 2013, and was changed to 4.47% for the period from July 1, 2013 to December 31, 2013.
The expected long-term rate of return on plan assets is an assumption reflecting the average rate of earnings expected on the funds invested or to be invested to provide for the benefits included in the projected benefit obligation.
The expected long-term rate of return is established at the beginning of the plan year based upon historical returns and projected returns on the underlying mix of invested assets.
appealed the order denying substantive consolidation to the BAP, which appeal was held in abeyance pending decision by the Sixth Circuit on the appeal of the BAP’s 2010 order.
On August 30, 2013, the Sixth Circuit affirmed the BAP’s 2010 decision dismissing the original appeal.
The Bank filed a status report with the BAP on the second appeal and the trustees moved to dismiss the second appeal on the ground that the Bankruptcy Court’s orders denying substantive consolidation were still not final orders.
The BAP granted the trustees’ motion in an Order dated December 23, 2013.
On January 17, 2012, the Company was named a defendant in a putative class action filed on behalf of all 88 counties in Ohio against MERSCORP, Inc.  and numerous other financial institutions that participate in the mortgage electronic registration system (MERS).
The complaint alleges that recording of mortgages and assignments thereof is mandatory under Ohio law and seeks a declaratory judgment that the defendants are required to record every mortgage and assignment on real property located in Ohio and pay the attendant statutory recording fees.
The complaint also seeks damages, attorneys' fees and costs.
Although Huntington has not been named as a defendant in the other cases, similar litigation has been initiated against MERSCORP, Inc.  and other financial institutions in other jurisdictions throughout the country.
Commitments Under Operating Lease Obligations At December 31, 2013, Huntington and its subsidiaries were obligated under noncancelable leases for land, buildings, and equipment.
Many of these leases contain renewal options and certain leases provide options to purchase the leased property during or at the expiration of the lease period at specified prices.
Some leases contain escalation clauses calling for rentals to be adjusted for increased real estate taxes and other operating expenses or proportionately adjusted for increases in the consumer or other price indices.
The future minimum rental payments required under operating leases that have initial or remaining noncancelable lease terms in excess of one year as of December 31, 2013, were as follows: $48.9 million in 2014, $47.1 million in 2015, $43.1 million in 2016, $40.0 million in 2017, $37.1 million in 2018, and $189.0 million thereafter.
At December 31, 2013, total minimum lease payments have not been reduced by minimum sublease rentals of $10.1 million due in the future under noncancelable subleases.
At December 31, 2013, the future minimum sublease rental payments that Huntington expects to receive were as follows: $4.7 million in 2014, $3.0 million in 2015, $1.2 million in 2016, $0.5 million in 2017, $0.3 million in 2018, and $0.4 million thereafter.
The rental expense for all operating leases was $55.3 million, $54.7 million, and $53.5 million for 2013, 2012, and 2011, respectively.
Huntington had no material obligations under capital leases.23.
OTHER REGULATORY MATTERS Huntington and its bank subsidiary, The Huntington National Bank (the Bank), are subject to various regulatory capital requirements administered by federal and state banking agencies.
These requirements involve qualitative judgments and quantitative measures of assets, liabilities, capital amounts, and certain off-balance sheet items as calculated under regulatory accounting practices.
Failure to meet minimum capital requirements can initiate certain actions by regulators that, if undertaken, could have a material adverse effect on Huntington’s and the Bank’s financial statements.
Applicable capital adequacy guidelines require minimum ratios of 4.00% for Tier 1 risk-based Capital, 8.00% for total risk-based Capital, and 4.00% for Tier 1 leverage capital.
To be considered wellcapitalized under the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action, the ratios must be at least 6.00%, 10.00%, and 5.00%, respectively.
As of December 31, 2013, Huntington and the Bank met all capital adequacy requirements and had regulatory capital ratios in excess of the levels established for well-capitalized institutions.
The period-end capital amounts and capital ratios of Huntington and the Bank are as follows:
## Table 1 ##
Other consumer loans/leases – Primarily consists of consumer loans not secured by real estate, including personal unsecured loans.
We introduced a consumer credit card product during 2013, utilizing a centralized underwriting system and focusing on existing Huntington customers.
The table below provides the composition of our total loan and lease portfolio: Table 9 - Loan and Lease Portfolio Composition
## Table 2 ##
(1) As defined by regulatory guidance, there were no commercial loans outstanding that would be considered a concentration of lending to a particular industry or group of industries.
(2) 2011 included a decrease of $1.3 billion resulting from the transfer of automobile loans to loans held for a sale reflecting an automobile securitization transaction completed in 2012.2010 included an increase of $0.5 billion resulting from the adoption of a new accounting standard to consolidate a previously off-balance sheet automobile loan securitization transaction.
As shown in the table above, our loan portfolio is diversified by consumer and commercial credit.
We manage the credit exposure via a corporate level credit concentration policy.
The policy designates specific loan types, collateral types, and loan structures to be formally tracked and assigned limits as a percentage of capital.
C&I lending by segment, specific limits for CRE primary project types, loans secured by residential real estate, shared national credit exposure, unsecured lending, and designated high risk loan definitions represent examples of specifically tracked components of our concentration management process.
Our concentration management process is approved by our board level Risk Oversight Committee and is one of the strategies utilized to ensure a high quality, well diversified portfolio that is consistent with our overall objective of maintaining an aggregate moderate-to-low risk profile.
The table below provides our total loan and lease portfolio segregated by the primary type of collateral securing the loan or lease: Table 10 - Total Loan and Lease Portfolio by Collateral Type
## Table 3 ##
Valuation techniques – Cash equivalents are mostly comprised of short-term money-market instruments and are valued at cost, which approximates fair value.
U. S.  equity securities and international equity securities categorized as Level 1 are traded on active national and international exchanges and are valued at their closing prices on the last trading day of the year.
For U. S.  equity securities and international equity securities not traded on an active exchange, or if the closing price is not available, the trustee obtains indicative quotes from a pricing vendor, broker or investment manager.
These securities are categorized as Level 2 if the custodian obtains corroborated quotes from a pricing vendor or categorized as Level 3 if the custodian obtains uncorroborated quotes from a broker or investment manager.
Commingled equity funds categorized as Level 1 are traded on active national and international exchanges and are valued at their closing prices on the last trading day of the year.
For commingled equity funds not traded on an active exchange, or if the closing price is not available, the trustee obtains indicative quotes from a pricing vendor, broker or investment manager.
These securities are categorized as Level 2 if the custodian obtains corroborated quotes from a pricing vendor.
Fixed income investments categorized as Level 2 are valued by the trustee using pricing models that use verifiable observable market data (e. g. , interest rates and yield curves observable at commonly quoted intervals and credit spreads), bids provided by brokers or dealers or quoted prices of securities with similar characteristics.
Fixed income investments are categorized as Level 3 when valuations using observable inputs are unavailable.
The trustee typically obtains pricing based on indicative quotes or bid evaluations from vendors, brokers or the investment manager.
In addition, certain other fixed income investments categorized as Level 3 are valued using a discounted cash flow approach.
Significant inputs include projected annuity payments and the discount rate applied to those payments.
Certain commingled equity funds, consisting of equity mutual funds, are valued using the NAV.
The NAV valuations are based on the underlying investments and typically redeemable within 90 days.
Private equity funds consist of partnership and co-investment funds.
The NAV is based on valuation models of the underlying securities, which includes unobservable inputs that cannot be corroborated using verifiable observable market data.
These funds typically have redemption periods between eight and 12 years.
Real estate funds consist of partnerships, most of which are closed-end funds, for which the NAV is based on valuation models and periodic appraisals.
These funds typically have redemption periods between eight and 10 years.
Hedge funds consist of direct hedge funds for which the NAV is generally based on the valuation of the underlying investments.
Redemptions in hedge funds are based on the specific terms of each fund, and generally range from a minimum of one month to several months.
Contributions and Expected Benefit Payments The funding of our qualified defined benefit pension plans is determined in accordance with ERISA, as amended by the PPA, and in a manner consistent with CAS and Internal Revenue Code rules.
We made contributions of $5.0 billion to our qualified defined benefit pension plans in 2018, including required and discretionary contributions.
As a result of these contributions, we do not expect to make contributions to our qualified defined benefit pension plans in 2019.
The following table presents estimated future benefit payments, which reflect expected future employee service, as of December 31, 2018 (in millions):
## Table 4 ##
Defined Contribution Plans We maintain a number of defined contribution plans, most with 401(k) features, that cover substantially all of our employees.
Under the provisions of our 401(k) plans, we match most employees’ eligible contributions at rates specified in the plan documents.
Our contributions were $658 million in 2018, $613 million in 2017 and $617 million in 2016, the majority of which were funded using our common stock.
Our defined contribution plans held approximately 33.3 million and 35.5 million shares of our common stock as of December 31, 2018 and 2017.

<table><tr><td></td><td colspan="2">Pension Benefits</td><td colspan="2"> Post-Retirement Benefits</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>2013</td><td>2012</td><td>2013</td><td>2012</td></tr><tr><td>Weighted-average assumptions used to determine benefit obligations</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Discount rate</td><td>4.89%</td><td>3.83%</td><td>4.27%</td><td>3.28%</td></tr><tr><td>Rate of compensation increase</td><td>N.A.</td><td>4.50</td><td>N/A</td><td>N/A</td></tr><tr><td>Weighted-average assumptions used to determine net periodic benefit cost</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Discount rate -1</td><td>4.15</td><td>4.57</td><td>3.28</td><td>4.34</td></tr><tr><td>Expected return on plan assets</td><td>7.63</td><td>8.00</td><td>N/A</td><td>N/A</td></tr><tr><td>Rate of compensation increase</td><td>4.50</td><td>4.50</td><td>N/A</td><td>N/A</td></tr><tr><td>N/A—Not Applicable</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr></table>
<table><tr><td></td><td colspan="2">Tier 1 risk-based capital</td><td colspan="2">Total risk-based capital</td><td colspan="2"> Tier 1 leverage capital</td></tr><tr><td><i>(dollar amounts in thousands)</i></td><td>2013</td><td>2012</td><td>2013</td><td>2012</td><td>2013</td><td>2012</td></tr><tr><td> Huntington Bancshares Incorporated</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Amount</td><td>$6,099,629</td><td>$5,741,410</td><td>$7,239,035</td><td>$6,928,339</td><td>$6,099,629</td><td>$5,741,410</td></tr><tr><td>Ratio</td><td>12.28%</td><td>12.02%</td><td>14.57%</td><td>14.50%</td><td>10.67%</td><td>10.36%</td></tr><tr><td> The Huntington National Bank</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Amount</td><td>$5,682,067</td><td>$5,003,247</td><td>$6,520,190</td><td>$6,093,620</td><td>$5,682,067</td><td>$5,003,247</td></tr><tr><td>Ratio</td><td>11.45%</td><td>10.49%</td><td>13.14%</td><td>12.78%</td><td>9.97%</td><td>9.05%</td></tr></table>
<table><tr><td></td><td colspan="10">At December 31,</td></tr><tr><td><i>(dollar amounts in millions)</i></td><td colspan="2">2013</td><td colspan="2">2012</td><td colspan="2">2011</td><td colspan="2">2010</td><td colspan="2">2009</td></tr><tr><td>Commercial:<sup>-1</sup></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Commercial and industrial</td><td>$17,594</td><td>41%</td><td>$16,971</td><td>42%</td><td>$14,699</td><td>38%</td><td>$13,063</td><td>34%</td><td>$12,888</td><td>35%</td></tr><tr><td>Commercial real estate:</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Construction</td><td>557</td><td>1</td><td>648</td><td>2</td><td>580</td><td>1</td><td>650</td><td>2</td><td>1,469</td><td>4</td></tr><tr><td>Commercial</td><td>4,293</td><td>10</td><td>4,751</td><td>12</td><td>5,246</td><td>13</td><td>6,001</td><td>16</td><td>6,220</td><td>17</td></tr><tr><td>Total commercial real estate</td><td>4,850</td><td>11</td><td>5,399</td><td>14</td><td>5,826</td><td>14</td><td>6,651</td><td>18</td><td>7,689</td><td>21</td></tr><tr><td>Total commercial</td><td>22,444</td><td>52</td><td>22,370</td><td>56</td><td>20,525</td><td>52</td><td>19,714</td><td>52</td><td>20,577</td><td>56</td></tr><tr><td>Consumer:</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Automobile<sup>-2</sup></td><td>6,639</td><td>15</td><td>4,634</td><td>11</td><td>4,458</td><td>11</td><td>5,614</td><td>15</td><td>3,390</td><td>9</td></tr><tr><td>Home equity</td><td>8,336</td><td>19</td><td>8,335</td><td>20</td><td>8,215</td><td>21</td><td>7,713</td><td>20</td><td>7,563</td><td>21</td></tr><tr><td>Residential mortgage</td><td>5,321</td><td>12</td><td>4,970</td><td>12</td><td>5,228</td><td>13</td><td>4,500</td><td>12</td><td>4,510</td><td>12</td></tr><tr><td>Other consumer</td><td>380</td><td>2</td><td>419</td><td>1</td><td>498</td><td>3</td><td>566</td><td>1</td><td>751</td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td>Total consumer</td><td>20,676</td><td>48</td><td>18,358</td><td>44</td><td>18,399</td><td>48</td><td>18,393</td><td>48</td><td>16,214</td><td>44</td></tr><tr><td>Total loans and leases</td><td>$43,120</td><td>100%</td><td>$40,728</td><td>100%</td><td>$38,924</td><td>100%</td><td>$38,107</td><td>100%</td><td>$36,791</td><td>100%</td></tr></table>
<table><tr><td></td><td colspan="10">At December 31,</td></tr><tr><td><i>(dollar amounts in millions)</i></td><td colspan="2">2013</td><td colspan="2">2012</td><td colspan="2">2011</td><td colspan="2">2010</td><td colspan="2">2009</td></tr><tr><td>Secured loans:</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Real estate—commercial</td><td>$8,622</td><td>20%</td><td>$9,128</td><td>22%</td><td>$9,557</td><td>25%</td><td>$10,389</td><td>27%</td><td>$11,286</td><td>31%</td></tr><tr><td>Real estate—consumer</td><td>13,657</td><td>32</td><td>13,305</td><td>33</td><td>13,444</td><td>35</td><td>12,214</td><td>32</td><td>12,176</td><td>33</td></tr><tr><td>Vehicles</td><td>8,989</td><td>21</td><td>6,659</td><td>16</td><td>6,021</td><td>15</td><td>7,134</td><td>19</td><td>4,600</td><td>13</td></tr><tr><td>Receivables/Inventory</td><td>5,534</td><td>13</td><td>5,178</td><td>13</td><td>4,450</td><td>11</td><td>3,763</td><td>10</td><td>3,582</td><td>10</td></tr><tr><td>Machinery/Equipment</td><td>2,738</td><td>6</td><td>2,749</td><td>7</td><td>1,994</td><td>5</td><td>1,766</td><td>5</td><td>1,772</td><td>5</td></tr><tr><td>Securities/Deposits</td><td>786</td><td>2</td><td>826</td><td>2</td><td>800</td><td>2</td><td>734</td><td>2</td><td>1,145</td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td>Other</td><td>1,016</td><td>2</td><td>1,090</td><td>3</td><td>1,018</td><td>3</td><td>990</td><td>2</td><td>1,124</td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td>Total secured loans and leases</td><td>41,342</td><td>96</td><td>38,935</td><td>96</td><td>37,284</td><td>96</td><td>36,990</td><td>97</td><td>35,685</td><td>97</td></tr><tr><td>Unsecured loans and leases</td><td>1,778</td><td>4</td><td>1,793</td><td>4</td><td>1,640</td><td>4</td><td>1,117</td><td>3</td><td>1,106</td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td>Total loans and leases</td><td>$43,120</td><td>100%</td><td>$40,728</td><td>100%</td><td>$38,924</td><td>100%</td><td>$38,107</td><td>100%</td><td>$36,791</td><td>100%</td></tr></table>
<table><tr><td></td><td>2019</td><td>2020</td><td>2021</td><td>2022</td><td>2023</td><td>2024 – 2028</td></tr><tr><td>Qualified defined benefit pension plans</td><td>$2,350</td><td>$2,390</td><td>$2,470</td><td>$2,550</td><td>$2,610</td><td>$13,670</td></tr><tr><td>Retiree medical and life insurance plans</td><td>170</td><td>180</td><td>180</td><td>180</td><td>170</td><td>810</td></tr></table>

Question: From 2010 and 2012,how long does the amount of Total secured loans and leases on December 31 keep growing?
Answer: 3