## Table 0 ##
The following tables provide a reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances of the fair value measurements using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) for 2018 and 2017, respectively:
The Company’s postretirement benefit plans have different levels of funded status and the assets are held under various trusts.
The investments and risk mitigation strategies for the plans are tailored specifically for each trust.
In setting new strategic asset mixes, consideration is given to the likelihood that the selected asset allocation will effectively fund the projected plan liabilities and meet the risk tolerance criteria of the Company.
The Company periodically updates the long-term, strategic asset allocations for these plans through asset liability studies and uses various analytics to determine the optimal asset allocation.
Considerations include plan liability characteristics, liquidity needs, funding requirements, expected rates of return and the distribution of returns.
In 2012, the Company implemented a de-risking strategy for the American Water Pension Plan after conducting an asset-liability study to reduce the volatility of the funded status of the plan.
As part of the de-risking strategy, the Company revised the asset allocations to increase the matching characteristics of fixedincome assets relative to liabilities.
The fixed income portion of the portfolio was designed to match the bond-
The following table summarizes selected information related to credit card securitizations at and for the year ended December 31, 2009 and 2008.
## Table 1 ##
(1) Principal balance outstanding represents the principal balance of credit card receivables that have been legally isolated from the Corporation including those loans represented by the seller’s interest that are still held on the Corporation’s Consolidated Balance Sheet.
(2) At December 31, 2009 and 2008, held senior securities issued by credit card securitization trusts were valued using quoted market prices and substantially all were classified as AFS debt securities and there were no other-than-temporary impairment losses recorded on those securities.
(3) At December 31, 2009, the $6.6 billion Class D security was carried at amortized cost and classified as HTM debt securities and $1.4 billion of other held subordinated securities were valued using quoted market prices and were classified as AFS debt securities.
At December 31, 2008, all of the held subordinated securities were valued using quoted market prices and classified as AFS debt securities.
(4) Other subordinated and residual interests include discount receivables, subordinated interests in accrued interest and fees on the securitized receivables, and cash reserve accounts and interest-only strips which are carried at fair value or amounts that approximate fair value.
The residual interests were valued using model valuations.
Residual interests associated with the Class D and discount receivables transactions have not been recognized.
Economic assumptions are used in measuring the fair value of certain residual interests that continue to be held by the Corporation.
The expected loss rate assumption used to measure the discount receivables at December 31, 2009 was 13 percent.
A 10 percent and 20 percent adverse change to the expected loss rate would have caused a decrease of $280 million and $1.2 billion to the fair value of the discount receivables at December 31, 2009.
The discount rate assumption used to measure the Class D security at December 31, 2009 was six percent.
A 100 bps and 200 bps increase in the discount rate would have caused a decrease of $116 million and $228 million to the fair value of the Class D security.
Conversely, a 100 bps and 200 bps decrease in the discount rate would have caused an increase of $120 million and $245 million to the fair value of the Class D security.
These sensitivities are hypothetical and should be used with caution.
As the amounts indicate, changes in fair value based on variations in assumptions generally cannot be extrapolated because the relationship of the change in assumption to the change in fair value may not be linear.
At December 31, 2009 and 2008, there were no recognized servicing assets or liabilities associated with any of the credit card securitization transactions.
The Corporation recorded $2.0 billion and $2.1 billion in servicing fees related to credit card securitizations during 2009 and 2008.
During 2008, the Corporation became one of the liquidity support providers for the Corporation’s commercial paper program that obtains financing by issuing tranches of commercial paper backed by credit card receivables to third-party investors from a trust sponsored by the Corporation.
During 2009, the Corporation became the sole liquidity support provider for the program and increased its liquidity commitment from $946 million to $2.3 billion.
The maximum amount of commercial paper that can be issued under this program given the current level of liquidity support is $8.8 billion, all of which was outstanding at December 31, 2009 and 2008.
If certain conditions set forth in the legal documents governing the trust are not met, such as not being able to reissue the commercial paper due to market illiquidity, the commercial paper maturity dates will be extended to 390 days from the original issuance date.
This extension would cause the outstanding commercial paper to convert to an interest-bearing note and subsequent credit card receivable collections would be applied to the outstanding note balance.
If these notes are still outstanding at the end of the extended maturity period, the liquidity commitment obligates the Corporation and other liquidity support providers, if any, to purchase maturity notes from the trust in order to retire the interest-bearing notes held by investors.
As a maturity note holder, the Corporation would be entitled to the remaining cash flows from the collateralizing credit card receivables.
At December 31, 2009 and 2008, none of the commercial paper had been extended and there were no maturity notes outstanding.
Due to illiquidity in the marketplace, the Corporation held $7.1 billion and $5.0 billion of the outstanding commercial paper as of December 31, 2009 and 2008, which is classified in AFS debt securities on the Corporation’s Consolidated Balance Sheet.
Other Securitizations The Corporation also maintains interests in other securitization trusts to which the Corporation transferred assets including municipal bonds, automobile loans and home equity loans.
These retained interests include senior and subordinated securities and residual interests.
During 2009, the Corporation had cash proceeds from new securitizations of municipal bonds of $664 million as well as cash flows received on residual interests of $316 million.
At December 31, 2009, the principal balance outstanding for municipal bonds securitization trusts was $6.9 billion, senior securities held were $122 million and residual interests held were $203 million.
The residual interests were valued using model valuations and substantially all are classified as derivative assets.
At December 31, 2009, all of the held senior securities issued by municipal bond securitization trusts were valued using quoted market prices and classified as trading account assets.
During 2009, the Corporation securitized $9.0 billion of automobile loans in a transaction that was structured as a secured borrowing under applicable accounting guidance and the loans are therefore recorded on the Corporation’s Consolidated Balance Sheet and excluded from the following table.
Global Card Services is reported on a managed basis which includes a securitization impact adjustment that has the effect of presenting securitized loans in a manner similar to the way loans that have not been sold are presented.
All Other results include a corresponding securitization offset that removes the impact of these securitized loans in order to present the consolidated results of the Corporation on a held basis.
The table below reconciles Global Card Services and All Other to a held basis by reclassifying net interest income, all other income and realized credit losses associated with the securitized loans to card income.
Global Card Services – Reconciliation
## Table 2 ##
All Other – Reconciliation
## Table 3 ##
(1) Provision for credit losses represents: For Global Card Services – Provision for credit losses on held loans combined with realized credit losses associated with the securitized loan portfolio and for All Other – Provision for credit losses combined with the Global Card Services securitization offset.
(2) The securitization impact/offset on net interest income is on a funds transfer pricing methodology consistent with the way funding costs are allocated to the businesses.
(3) FTE basis

<table><tr><td></td><td>Level 3</td></tr><tr><td>Balance as of January 1, 2018</td><td>$278</td></tr><tr><td>Actual return on assets</td><td>-23</td></tr><tr><td>Purchases, issuances and settlements, net</td><td>-25</td></tr><tr><td>Balance as of December 31, 2018</td><td>$230</td></tr></table>
<table><tr><td></td><td colspan="2"> Credit Card</td></tr><tr><td>(Dollars in millions)</td><td> 2009</td><td>2008</td></tr><tr><td> For the Year Ended December 31</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Cash proceeds from new securitizations</td><td>$650</td><td>$20,148</td></tr><tr><td>Gains on securitizations</td><td>—</td><td>81</td></tr><tr><td>Collections reinvested in revolving period securitizations</td><td>133,771</td><td>162,332</td></tr><tr><td>Cash flows received on residual interests</td><td>5,512</td><td>5,771</td></tr><tr><td> At December 31</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Principal balance outstanding<sup>-1</sup></td><td>103,309</td><td>114,141</td></tr><tr><td>Senior securities held<sup>-2</sup></td><td>7,162</td><td>4,965</td></tr><tr><td>Subordinated securities held<sup>-3</sup></td><td>7,993</td><td>1,837</td></tr><tr><td>Other subordinated or residual interests held<sup>-4</sup></td><td>5,195</td><td>2,233</td></tr></table>
<table><tr><td></td><td colspan="3">2009</td><td colspan="3">2008</td><td colspan="3">2007</td></tr><tr><td>(Dollars in millions)</td><td>Managed Basis -1</td><td>Securitization Impact -2</td><td>Held Basis</td><td>Managed Basis<sup>-1</sup></td><td>Securitization Impact -2</td><td>Held Basis</td><td>Managed Basis<sup>-1</sup></td><td>Securitization Impact -2</td><td>Held Basis</td></tr><tr><td>Net interest income<sup>-3</sup></td><td>$20,264</td><td>$-9,250</td><td>$11,014</td><td>$19,589</td><td>$-8,701</td><td>$10,888</td><td>$16,627</td><td>$-8,027</td><td>$8,600</td></tr><tr><td>Noninterest income:</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Card income</td><td>8,555</td><td>-2,034</td><td>6,521</td><td>10,033</td><td>2,250</td><td>12,283</td><td>10,170</td><td>3,356</td><td>13,526</td></tr><tr><td>All other income</td><td>523</td><td>-115</td><td>408</td><td>1,598</td><td>-219</td><td>1,379</td><td>976</td><td>-288</td><td>688</td></tr><tr><td>Total noninterest income</td><td>9,078</td><td>-2,149</td><td>6,929</td><td>11,631</td><td>2,031</td><td>13,662</td><td>11,146</td><td>3,068</td><td>14,214</td></tr><tr><td>Total revenue, net of interest expense</td><td>29,342</td><td>-11,399</td><td>17,943</td><td>31,220</td><td>-6,670</td><td>24,550</td><td>27,773</td><td>-4,959</td><td>22,814</td></tr><tr><td>Provision for credit losses</td><td>30,081</td><td>-11,399</td><td>18,682</td><td>20,164</td><td>-6,670</td><td>13,494</td><td>11,678</td><td>-4,959</td><td>6,719</td></tr><tr><td>Noninterest expense</td><td>7,961</td><td>–</td><td>7,961</td><td>9,160</td><td>–</td><td>9,160</td><td>9,377</td><td>–</td><td>9,377</td></tr><tr><td>Income (loss) before income taxes</td><td>-8,700</td><td>–</td><td>-8,700</td><td>1,896</td><td>–</td><td>1,896</td><td>6,718</td><td>–</td><td>6,718</td></tr><tr><td>Income tax expense (benefit)<sup>(3)</sup></td><td>-3,145</td><td>–</td><td>-3,145</td><td>662</td><td>–</td><td>662</td><td>2,457</td><td>–</td><td>2,457</td></tr><tr><td> Net income (loss)</td><td>$-5,555</td><td>$–</td><td>$-5,555</td><td>$1,234</td><td>$–</td><td>$1,234</td><td>$4,261</td><td>$–</td><td>$4,261</td></tr></table>
<table><tr><td></td><td colspan="3">2009</td><td colspan="3">2008</td><td colspan="3">2007</td></tr><tr><td>(Dollars in millions)</td><td>Reported Basis -1</td><td> Securitization Offset<sup>-2</sup></td><td>As Adjusted</td><td>Reported Basis -1</td><td>Securitization Offset -2</td><td>As Adjusted</td><td>Reported Basis -1</td><td>Securitization Offset -2</td><td>As Adjusted</td></tr><tr><td>Net interest income<sup>-3</sup></td><td>$-6,922</td><td>$9,250</td><td>$2,328</td><td>$-8,019</td><td>$8,701</td><td>$682</td><td>$-7,458</td><td>$8,027</td><td>$569</td></tr><tr><td>Noninterest income:</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Card income (loss)</td><td>-895</td><td>2,034</td><td>1,139</td><td>2,164</td><td>-2,250</td><td>-86</td><td>2,817</td><td>-3,356</td><td>-539</td></tr><tr><td>Equity investment income</td><td>9,020</td><td>–</td><td>9,020</td><td>265</td><td>–</td><td>265</td><td>3,745</td><td>–</td><td>3,745</td></tr><tr><td>Gains on sales of debt securities</td><td>4,440</td><td>–</td><td>4,440</td><td>1,133</td><td>–</td><td>1,133</td><td>179</td><td>–</td><td>179</td></tr><tr><td>All other income (loss)</td><td>-6,735</td><td>115</td><td>-6,620</td><td>-711</td><td>219</td><td>-492</td><td>410</td><td>288</td><td>698</td></tr><tr><td>Total noninterest income</td><td>5,830</td><td>2,149</td><td>7,979</td><td>2,851</td><td>-2,031</td><td>820</td><td>7,151</td><td>-3,068</td><td>4,083</td></tr><tr><td>Total revenue, net of interest expense</td><td>-1,092</td><td>11,399</td><td>10,307</td><td>-5,168</td><td>6,670</td><td>1,502</td><td>-307</td><td>4,959</td><td>4,652</td></tr><tr><td>Provision for credit losses</td><td>-3,431</td><td>11,399</td><td>7,968</td><td>-3,769</td><td>6,670</td><td>2,901</td><td>-5,210</td><td>4,959</td><td>-251</td></tr><tr><td>Merger and restructuring charges</td><td>2,721</td><td>–</td><td>2,721</td><td>935</td><td>–</td><td>935</td><td>410</td><td>–</td><td>410</td></tr><tr><td>All other noninterest expense</td><td>1,997</td><td>–</td><td>1,997</td><td>189</td><td>–</td><td>189</td><td>69</td><td>–</td><td>69</td></tr><tr><td>Income (loss) before income taxes</td><td>-2,379</td><td>–</td><td>-2,379</td><td>-2,523</td><td>–</td><td>-2,523</td><td>4,424</td><td>–</td><td>4,424</td></tr><tr><td>Income tax expense (benefit)<sup>(3)</sup></td><td>-2,857</td><td>–</td><td>-2,857</td><td>-1,283</td><td>–</td><td>-1,283</td><td>1,153</td><td>–</td><td>1,153</td></tr><tr><td> Net income (loss)</td><td>$478</td><td>$–</td><td>$478</td><td>$-1,240</td><td>$–</td><td>$-1,240</td><td>$3,271</td><td>$–</td><td>$3,271</td></tr></table>

Question: What's the difference of All other income for Managed Basis -1 between 2008 and 2009? (in millions)