The descriptions and fair value methodologies for the U. S.  and International pension plan assets are as follows: Cash and Cash Equivalents The carrying amounts of cash and cash equivalents approximate fair value due to the short-term maturity.
Equity Securities Equity securities are valued at the closing market price reported on a U. S.  or international exchange where the security is actively traded and are therefore classified as Level 1 assets.
Equity Mutual and Pooled Funds Shares of mutual funds are valued at the NAV of the fund and are classified as Level 1 assets.
Units of pooled funds are valued at the per unit NAV determined by the fund manager based on the value of the underlying traded holdings and are classified as Level 2 assets.
Corporate and Government Bonds Corporate and government bonds are classified as Level 2 assets, as they are either valued at quoted market prices from observable pricing sources at the reporting date or valued based upon comparable securities with similar yields and credit ratings.
Other Pooled Funds Other pooled funds classified as Level 2 assets are valued at the NAV of the shares held at year end, which is based on the fair value of the underlying investments.
Securities and interests classified as Level 3 assets are carried at the estimated fair value.
The estimated fair value is based on the fair value of the underlying investment values, which includes estimated bids from brokers or other third-party vendor sources that utilize expected cash flow streams and other uncorroborated data including counterparty credit quality, default risk, discount rates, and the overall capital market liquidity.
Insurance Contracts Insurance contracts are classified as Level 3 assets, as they are carried at contract value, which approximates the estimated fair value.
The estimated fair value is based on the fair value of the underlying investment of the insurance company and discount rates that require inputs with limited observability.
Contributions and Projected Benefit Payments Pension contributions to funded plans and benefit payments for unfunded plans for fiscal year 2019 were $40.2.
Contributions for funded plans resulted primarily from contractual and regulatory requirements.
Benefit payments to unfunded plans were due primarily to the timing of retirements.
We anticipate contributing $30 to $40 to the defined benefit pension plans in fiscal year 2020.
These contributions are anticipated to be driven primarily by contractual and regulatory requirements for funded plans and benefit payments for unfunded plans, which are dependent upon timing of retirements.
Projected benefit payments, which reflect expected future service, are as follows:
## Table 0 ##
Refer to Note 1 and Note 5 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for further discussion of these derivative instruments and our hedging policies.
Interest Rate Risk The total notional amount of interest rate swaps outstanding at December 31, 2017 and 2016 was $350 million.
The notional amount relates to fixed-to-floating interest rate swaps which convert a comparable amount of fixed-rate debt to variable rate debt at December 31, 2017 and 2016.
A hypothetical 100 basis point increase in interest rates applied to this now variable-rate debt as of December 31, 2017 would have increased interest expense by approximately $3.5 million and $3.6 million for the full year 2017 and 2016, respectively.
We consider our current risk related to market fluctuations in interest rates on our remaining debt portfolio, excluding fixed-rate debt converted to variable rates with fixed-to-floating instruments, to be minimal since this debt is largely long-term and fixed-rate in nature.
Generally, the fair market value of fixed-rate debt will increase as interest rates fall and decrease as interest rates rise.
A 100 basis point increase in market interest rates would decrease the fair value of our fixed-rate long-term debt at December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 by approximately $134 million and $142 million, respectively.
However, since we currently have no plans to repurchase our outstanding fixed-rate instruments before their maturities, the impact of market interest rate fluctuations on our long-term debt does not affect our results of operations or financial position.
In order to manage interest rate exposure, in previous years we utilized interest rate swap agreements to protect against unfavorable interest rate changes relating to forecasted debt transactions.
These swaps, which were settled upon issuance of the related debt, were designated as cash flow hedges and the gains and losses that were deferred in other comprehensive income are being recognized as an adjustment to interest expense over the same period that the hedged interest payments affect earnings.
During 2016, we had one interest rate swap agreement in a cash flow hedging relationship with a notional amount of $500 million, which was settled in connection with the issuance of debt in August 2016, resulting in a payment of approximately $87 million which is reflected as an operating cash flow within the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows.
Foreign Currency Exchange Rate Risk We are exposed to currency fluctuations related to manufacturing or selling products in currencies other than the U. S.  dollar.
We may enter into foreign currency forward exchange contracts to reduce fluctuations in our long or short currency positions relating primarily to purchase commitments or forecasted purchases for equipment, raw materials and finished goods denominated in foreign currencies.
We also may hedge payment of forecasted intercompany transactions with our subsidiaries outside of the United States.
We generally hedge foreign currency price risks for periods from 3 to 12 months.
A summary of foreign currency forward exchange contracts and the corresponding amounts at contracted forward rates is as follows:
## Table 1 ##
The fair value of foreign currency forward exchange contracts represents the difference between the contracted and current market foreign currency exchange rates at the end of the period.
We estimate the fair value of foreign currency forward exchange contracts on a quarterly basis by obtaining market quotes of spot and forward rates for contracts with similar terms, adjusted where necessary for maturity differences.
At December 31, 2017 and 2016, the net fair value of these instruments was a liability of $1.0 million and an asset of $1.4 million, respectively.
Assuming an
Sales Volumes, Price and Cost Data—Sales volumes, price and cost data are as follows:
## Table 2 ##
(1) In 2008, volumes include the effect of crude oil sales in excess of volumes produced of 1 MBopd in West Africa.
During 2007, crude oil sales volumes equaled volumes produced.
In 2006, volumes include the effect of crude oil sales in excess of volumes produced of 1 MBopd in West Africa and crude oil sales less than volumes produced of 1 MBopd in other international.
(2) Average crude oil sales prices for the US reflect reductions of $22.06 per Bbl (2008), $13.68 per Bbl (2007), and $11.41 per Bbl (2006) from hedging activities.
Average crude oil sales prices for West Africa reflect reductions of $7.59 per Bbl (2008) and $2.19 per Bbl (2007) from hedging activities.
We did not hedge West Africa crude oil sales in 2006.
Average natural gas sales prices in the US reflect an increase of $0.23 per Mcf (2008), an increase of $1.12 per Mcf (2007), and a reduction of $0.25 per Mcf (2006) from hedging activities.
(3) Average production costs include oil and gas operating costs, workover and repair expense, production and ad valorem taxes, and transportation expense.
(4) Natural gas from the Alba field in Equatorial Guinea is under contract for $0.25 per MMBtu to a methanol plant, an LPG plant and an LNG plant.
Sales to these plants are based on a BTU equivalent and then converted to a dry gas equivalent volume.
The methanol and LPG plants are owned by affiliated entities accounted for under the equity method of accounting.
The volumes produced by the LPG plant are included in the crude oil information.
The price on an Mcf basis has been adjusted to reflect the Btu content of gas sales.

<table><tr><td></td><td>U.S.</td><td>International</td></tr><tr><td>2020</td><td>$166.8</td><td>$47.9</td></tr><tr><td>2021</td><td>160.0</td><td>49.1</td></tr><tr><td>2022</td><td>166.0</td><td>50.1</td></tr><tr><td>2023</td><td>170.1</td><td>54.3</td></tr><tr><td>2024</td><td>174.1</td><td>58.0</td></tr><tr><td>2025-2029</td><td>919.9</td><td>308.3</td></tr></table>
<table><tr><td>December 31,</td><td colspan="2">2017</td><td colspan="2">2016</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>ContractAmount</td><td>PrimaryCurrencies</td><td>ContractAmount</td><td>PrimaryCurrencies</td></tr><tr><td>In millions of dollars</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Foreign currency forward exchange contracts to purchase foreign currencies</td><td>$19.5</td><td>Euros</td><td>$9.4</td><td>Euros</td></tr><tr><td>Foreign currency forward exchange contracts to sell foreign currencies</td><td>$158.2</td><td>Canadian dollarsBrazilian realsJapanese yen</td><td>$80.4</td><td>Canadian dollarsBrazilian realsJapanese yen</td></tr></table>
<table><tr><td></td><td colspan="3">Sales Volumes</td><td colspan="3">Average Sales Price</td><td>Average Production Cost</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>Crude Oil</td><td>Natural Gas</td><td>NGLs</td><td>Crude Oil</td><td>Natural Gas</td><td>NGLs</td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td>MBopd-1</td><td>MMcfpd</td><td>MBpd</td><td>Per Bbl-2</td><td>Per Mcf-2</td><td>Per Bbl</td><td>Per BOE-3</td></tr><tr><td>Year Ended December 31,2008</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>United States</td><td>40</td><td>395</td><td>9</td><td>$75.53</td><td>$8.12</td><td>$50.15</td><td>$10.43</td></tr><tr><td>West Africa-4 (5)</td><td>15</td><td>206</td><td>-</td><td>88.95</td><td>0.27</td><td>-</td><td>2.17</td></tr><tr><td>North Sea</td><td>10</td><td>5</td><td>-</td><td>100.56</td><td>10.54</td><td>-</td><td>14.30</td></tr><tr><td>Israel</td><td>-</td><td>139</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>3.10</td><td>-</td><td>1.07</td></tr><tr><td>Ecuador</td><td>-</td><td>22</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td></tr><tr><td>Other International-6</td><td>4</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>82.66</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>15.94</td></tr><tr><td>Total Consolidated Operations</td><td>69</td><td>767</td><td>9</td><td>82.60</td><td>5.04</td><td>50.15</td><td>$7.84</td></tr><tr><td>Equity Investee-7</td><td>2</td><td>-</td><td>6</td><td>96.77</td><td>-</td><td>58.81</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Total</td><td>71</td><td>767</td><td>15</td><td>$82.96</td><td>$5.04</td><td>$53.45</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Year Ended December 31,2007</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>United States</td><td>42</td><td>412</td><td>-</td><td>$53.22</td><td>$7.51</td><td>-</td><td>$8.49</td></tr><tr><td>West Africa-4 (5)</td><td>15</td><td>132</td><td>-</td><td>71.27</td><td>0.29</td><td>-</td><td>2.89</td></tr><tr><td>North Sea</td><td>13</td><td>6</td><td>-</td><td>76.47</td><td>6.54</td><td>-</td><td>9.81</td></tr><tr><td>Israel</td><td>-</td><td>111</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>2.79</td><td>-</td><td>1.14</td></tr><tr><td>Ecuador</td><td>-</td><td>26</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td></tr><tr><td>Other International-6</td><td>7</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>53.69</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>12.06</td></tr><tr><td>Total Consolidated Operations</td><td>77</td><td>687</td><td>-</td><td>60.61</td><td>5.26</td><td>-</td><td>$6.99</td></tr><tr><td>Equity Investee-7</td><td>2</td><td>-</td><td>6</td><td>74.87</td><td>-</td><td>48.87</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Total</td><td>79</td><td>687</td><td>6</td><td>$60.94</td><td>$5.26</td><td>$48.87</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Year Ended December 31,2006</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>United States</td><td>46</td><td>452</td><td>-</td><td>$50.68</td><td>$6.61</td><td>-</td><td>$8.12</td></tr><tr><td>West Africa-4 (5)</td><td>18</td><td>45</td><td>-</td><td>62.51</td><td>0.37</td><td>-</td><td>2.86</td></tr><tr><td>North Sea</td><td>4</td><td>8</td><td>-</td><td>67.43</td><td>8.00</td><td>-</td><td>10.08</td></tr><tr><td>Israel</td><td>-</td><td>93</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>2.72</td><td>-</td><td>1.60</td></tr><tr><td>Ecuador</td><td>-</td><td>25</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td></tr><tr><td>Other International-6</td><td>7</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>52.05</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>9.74</td></tr><tr><td>Total Consolidated Operations</td><td>75</td><td>623</td><td>-</td><td>54.47</td><td>5.55</td><td>-</td><td>$6.97</td></tr><tr><td>Equity Investee-7</td><td>2</td><td>-</td><td>6</td><td>66.60</td><td>-</td><td>40.10</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Total</td><td>77</td><td>623</td><td>6</td><td>$54.75</td><td>$5.55</td><td>$40.10</td><td></td></tr></table>

Question: Which element exceeds 20% of total elements for Natural Gas MMcfpd of Sales Volumes in 2008?