FIDELITY NATIONAL INFORMATION SERVICES, INC.  AND SUBSIDIARIES AND AFFILIATES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) Company has a contingent liability relating to proper disposition of these balances, which amounted to $1,926.8 million at December 31, 2007.
As a result of holding these customers’ assets in escrow, the Company has ongoing programs for realizing economic benefits during the year through favorable borrowing and vendor arrangements with various banks.
There were no loans outstanding as of December 31, 2007 and these balances were invested in short term, high grade investments that minimize the risk to principal.
Leases The Company leases certain of its property under leases which expire at various dates.
Several of these agreements include escalation clauses and provide for purchases and renewal options for periods ranging from one to five years.
Future minimum operating lease payments for leases with remaining terms greater than one year for each of the years in the five years ending December 31, 2012, and thereafter in the aggregate, are as follows (in thousands):
## Table 0 ##
In addition, the Company has operating lease commitments relating to office equipment and computer hardware with annual lease payments of approximately $16.0 million per year which renew on a short-term basis.
Rent expense incurred under all operating leases during the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005 was $106.4 million, $81.5 million and $61.1 million, respectively.
Data Processing and Maintenance Services Agreements.
The Company has agreements with various vendors, which expire between 2008 and 2017, for portions of its computer data processing operations and related functions.
The Company’s estimated aggregate contractual obligation remaining under these agreements was approximately $888.3 million as of December 31, 2007.
However, this amount could be more or less depending on various factors such as the inflation rate, the introduction of significant new technologies, or changes in the Company’s data processing needs.
(17) Employee Benefit Plans Stock Purchase Plan Prior to the Certegy Merger (Note 6), FIS employees participated in the Fidelity National Financial, Inc.
Employee Stock Purchase Plan (ESPP).
Subsequent to the Certegy Merger, the Company instituted its own plan with the same terms as the Fidelity National Financial, Inc.  plan.
Under the terms of both plans and subsequent amendments, eligible employees may voluntarily purchase, at current market prices, shares of FNF’s (prior to the Certegy Merger) or FIS’s (post Certegy Merger) common stock through payroll deductions.
Pursuant to the ESPP, employees may contribute an amount between 3% and 15% of their base salary and certain commissions.
Shares purchased are allocated to employees based upon their contributions.
The Company contributes varying matching amounts as specified in the ESPP.
The Company recorded an expense of $15.2 million, $13.1 million and $11.1 million, respectively, for the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005 relating to the participation of FIS employees in the ESPP
LENNAR CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued) The summary of the Company’s net recourse exposure related to the Lennar Homebuilding unconsolidated entities in which the Company has investments was as follows:
## Table 1 ##
During the year ended November 30, 2010, the Company reduced its maximum recourse exposure related to indebtedness of Lennar Homebuilding unconsolidated entities by $114.9 million, of which $82.5 million was paid by the Company primarily through capital contributions to unconsolidated entities and $32.4 million related to a reduction in the number of joint ventures in which the Company has investments, the reduction of joint and several recourse debt and the joint ventures selling inventory.
As of November 30, 2010 and 2009, the Company had $10.2 million and $14.1 million, respectively, of obligation guarantees recorded as a liability on its consolidated balance sheets.
During the year ended November 30, 2010, the liability was reduced by $11.0 million as a result of the debt extinguishment related to one of the Company’s unconsolidated entities and by $2.1 million due to cash paid related to an obligation guarantee previously recorded.
This was partially offset by an accrual of $9.2 million established by the Company to cover claims arising under obligation guarantees.
The obligation guarantees are estimated based on current facts and circumstances and any unexpected changes may lead the Company to incur additional liabilities under its obligation guarantees in the future.
Indebtedness of a Lennar Homebuilding unconsolidated entity is secured by its own assets.
Some Lennar Homebuilding unconsolidated entities own multiple properties and other assets.
There is no cross collateralization of debt to different unconsolidated entities.
The Company also does not use its investment in one unconsolidated entity as collateral for the debt in another unconsolidated entity or commingle funds among Lennar Homebuilding’s unconsolidated entities.
In connection with loans to a Lennar Homebuilding unconsolidated entity, the Company and its partners often guarantee to a lender either jointly and severally or on a several basis, any, or all of the following: (I) the completion of the development, in whole or in part, (ii) indemnification of the lender from environmental issues, (iii) indemnification of the lender from “bad boy acts” of the unconsolidated entity (or full recourse liability in the event of unauthorized transfer or bankruptcy) and (iv) that the loan to value and/or loan to cost will not exceed a certain percentage (maintenance or remargining guarantee) or that a percentage of the outstanding loan will be repaid (repayment guarantee).
In connection with loans to a Lennar Homebuilding unconsolidated entity where there is a joint and several guarantee, the Company generally has a reimbursement agreement with its partner.
The reimbursement agreement provides that neither party is responsible for more than its proportionate share of the guarantee.
However, if the Lennar Homebuilding’s joint venture partner does not have adequate financial resources to meet its obligations under the reimbursement agreement, the Company may be liable for more than its proportionate share, up to its maximum recourse exposure, which is the full amount covered by the joint and several guarantee.
If the joint ventures are unable to reduce their debt, where there is recourse to the Company, through the sale of inventory or other means, then the Company and its partners may be required to contribute capital to the joint ventures.95
LENNAR CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued) 14.
Financial Instruments The following table presents the carrying amounts and estimated fair values of financial instruments held by the Company at November 30, 2010 and 2009, using available market information and what the Company believes to be appropriate valuation methodologies.
Considerable judgment is required in interpreting market data to develop the estimates of fair value.
The use of different market assumptions and/or estimation methodologies might have a material effect on the estimated fair value amounts.
The table excludes cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, defeasance cash to retire notes payable, receivables, net, income tax receivables and accounts payable, which had fair values approximating their carrying amounts due to the short maturities and liquidity of these instruments.
## Table 2 ##
The following methods and assumptions are used by the Company in estimating fair values: Lennar Homebuilding—For senior notes and other debts payable, the fair value of fixed-rate borrowings is based on quoted market prices.
The Company’s variable-rate borrowings are tied to market indices and approximate fair value due to the short maturities associated with the majority of the instruments.
Rialto Investments—The fair value for loans receivable is based on discounted cash flows as of November 30, 2010 or the fair value of the collateral.
The fair value for investments held-to-maturity approximated the carrying value because the investments were acquired right before November 30, 2010.
For notes payable, the fair value of zero percent notes provided by the FDIC was calculated based on a 5-year treasury yield as of November 30, 2010 and the fair value of other notes payable was calculated based on discounted cash flows using the Company’s weighted average borrowing rate.
Lennar Financial Services—The fair values above are based on quoted market prices, if available.
The fair values for instruments that do not have quoted market prices are estimated by the Company on the basis of discounted cash flows or other financial information.
Fair Value Measurements GAAP provides a framework for measuring fair value, expands disclosures about fair value measurements and establishes a fair value hierarchy which prioritizes the inputs used in measuring fair value summarized as follows: Level 1 Fair value determined based on quoted prices in active markets for identical assets.
Level 2 Fair value determined using significant other observable inputs.
Level 3 Fair value determined using significant unobservable inputs.
PART II Item 5.
Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities Common Share Market Prices and Dividends (Equity Residential) The following table sets forth, for the years indicated, the high, low and closing sales prices for and the distributions declared on the Company’s Common Shares, which trade on the New York Stock Exchange under the trading symbol EQR.
## Table 3 ##
Note: In addition to the regular quarterly dividends in 2016, the Company paid special dividends of $8.00 per share/unit (approximately $3.0 billion) on March 10, 2016 and $3.00 per share/unit (approximately $1.1 billion) on October 14, 2016.
The number of record holders of Common Shares at February 16, 2018 was approximately 2,300.
The number of outstanding Common Shares as of February 16, 2018 was 368,169,571.
Unit Dividends (ERP Operating Limited Partnership) There is no established public market for the Units (OP Units and restricted units).
The following table sets forth, for the years indicated, the distributions declared on the Operating Partnership’s Units.
## Table 4 ##
Note: In addition to the regular quarterly dividends in 2016, the Company paid special dividends of $8.00 per share/unit (approximately $3.0 billion) on March 10, 2016 and $3.00 per share/unit (approximately $1.1 billion) on October 14, 2016.
The number of record holders of Units in the Operating Partnership at February 16, 2018 was approximately 500.
The number of outstanding Units as of February 16, 2018 was 382,197,057.
Unregistered Common Shares Issued in the Quarter Ended December 31, 2017 (Equity Residential) During the quarter ended December 31, 2017, EQR issued 41,549 Common Shares in exchange for 41,549 OP Units held by various limited partners of ERPOP.
OP Units are generally exchangeable into Common Shares on a one-for-one basis or, at the option of ERPOP, the cash equivalent thereof, at any time one year after the date of issuance.
These shares were either registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), or issued in reliance on an exemption from registration under Section 4(2) of the Securities Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder, as these were transactions by an issuer not involving a public offering.
In light of the manner of the sale and information obtained by EQR from the limited partners in connection with these transactions, EQR believes it may rely on these exemptions.
Options outstanding and range of exercise price as of December 31, 2010 were as follows:
## Table 5 ##
FirstEnergy reduced its use of stock options beginning in 2005 and increased its use of performance-based, restricted stock units.
As a result, all unvested stock options vested in 2008.
No compensation expense was recognized for stock options during 2010 and 2009, and compensation expense in 2008 was not material.
Cash received from the exercise of stock options in 2010, 2009 and 2008 was $6 million, $7 million and $74 million, respectively.
Performance Shares Performance shares are share equivalents and do not have voting rights.
The shares track the performance of FirstEnergy's common stock over a three-year vesting period.
During that time, dividend equivalents are converted into additional shares.
The final account value may be adjusted based on the ranking of FirstEnergy stock performance to a composite of peer companies.
Compensation expense (income) recognized for performance shares during 2010, 2009 and 2008, net of amounts capitalized, totaled approximately ($4) million, $3 million and $8 million, respectively.
During 2010, no cash was paid to settle performance shares due to certain criteria not being met for the previous three-year vesting period.
Cash used to settle performance shares in 2009 and 2008 was $15 million and $14 million, respectively.
(B) ESOP An ESOP Trust funded most of the matching contribution for FirstEnergy's 401(k) savings plan through December 31, 2007.
All employees eligible for participation in the 401(k) savings plan are covered by the ESOP.
In 2008 and 2009, shares of FirstEnergy common stock were purchased on the market and contributed to participants’ accounts.
Total ESOP-related compensation expenses in 2010, 2009 and 2008, net of amounts capitalized and dividends on common stock, were $30 million, $36 million and $40 million, respectively.
(C) EDCP Under the EDCP, covered employees can direct a portion of their compensation, including annual incentive awards and/or long-term incentive awards, into an unfunded FirstEnergy stock account to receive vested stock units or into an unfunded retirement cash account.
Through December 31, 2010, covered employees received an additional 20% premium in the form of stock units based on the amount allocated to the FirstEnergy stock account.
During 2010, the EDCP was amended to cease the 20% stock premium with respect to annual and long-term incentive awards earned during any calendar years that commence on or after January 1, 2011.
Dividends are calculated quarterly on stock units outstanding and are paid in the form of additional stock units.
Upon withdrawal, stock units are converted to FirstEnergy shares.
Payout typically occurs three years from the date of deferral; however, an election can be made in the year prior to payout to further defer shares into a retirement stock account that will pay out in cash upon retirement (see Note 3).
Interest is calculated on the cash allocated to the cash account and the total balance will pay out in cash upon retirement.
Compensation expense (income) recognized on EDCP stock units, net of amounts capitalized, in 2010, 2009 and 2008 was ($3) million, ($0.2) million and ($13) million, respectively.
(D) DCPD Under the DCPD, directors can elect to allocate all or a portion of their cash retainers, meeting fees and chair fees to deferred stock or deferred cash accounts.
Funds deferred into the stock account through December 31, 2010, receive a 20% match to the funds allocated.
The 20% match and any appreciation on it are forfeited if the director leaves the Board within three years from the date of deferral for any reason other than retirement, disability, death, upon a change in control or when a director is ineligible to stand for re-election.
Compensation expense is recognized for the 20% match over the three-year vesting period.
Directors may also elect to defer their equity retainers into the deferred stock account; however, they do not receive a 20% match on that deferral.
During 2010, the DCPD was amended to cease the 20% match feature with respect to director’s fees earned for service performed during any calendar years that commence on or after January 1, 2011.
DCPD expenses recognized in 2010, 2009 and 2008 was $4 million, $3 million and $3 million, respectively.
The net liability recognized for DCPD of approximately $5 million as of December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008 is included in the caption “Retirement benefits” on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
The table below provides our total loan and lease portfolio segregated by industry type.
The changes in the industry composition from December 31, 2017 are consistent with the portfolio growth metrics.
Table 9 - Loan and Lease Portfolio by Industry Type
## Table 6 ##
(1) Amounts include $3.6 billion and $3.2 billion of auto dealer services loans at December 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively.
Commercial Credit The primary factors considered in commercial credit approvals are the financial strength of the borrower, assessment of the borrower’s management capabilities, cash flows from operations, industry sector trends, type and sufficiency of collateral, type of exposure, transaction structure, and the general economic outlook.
While these are the primary factors considered, there are a number of other factors that may be considered in the decision process.
We utilize centralized preview and loan approval committees, led by our credit officers.
The risk rating (see next paragraph), size, and complexity of the credit determines the threshold for approval.
For loans not requiring loan committee approval, with the exception of small business loans, credit officers who understand each local region and are experienced in the industries and loan structures of the requested credit exposure are involved in all loan decisions and have the primary credit authority.
For small business loans, we utilize a centralized loan approval process for standard products and structures.
In this centralized decision environment, certain individuals who understand each local region may make credit-extension decisions to preserve our commitment to the communities in which we operate.
In addition to disciplined and consistent judgmental factors, a sophisticated credit scoring process is used as a primary evaluation tool in the determination of approving a loan within the centralized loan approval process.
In commercial lending, on-going credit management is dependent on the type and nature of the loan.
We monitor all significant exposures on an on-going basis.
All commercial credit extensions are assigned internal risk ratings reflecting the borrower’s PD and LGD.
This two-dimensional rating methodology provides granularity in the portfolio management process.
The PD is rated and applied at the borrower level.
The LGD is rated and applied based on the specific type of credit extension and the quality and lien

<table><tr><td>2008</td><td>83,382</td></tr><tr><td>2009</td><td>63,060</td></tr><tr><td>2010</td><td>35,269</td></tr><tr><td>2011</td><td>21,598</td></tr><tr><td>2012</td><td>14,860</td></tr><tr><td>Thereafter</td><td>30,869</td></tr><tr><td>Total</td><td>$249,038</td></tr></table>
<table><tr><td></td><td colspan="2">November 30,</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>2010</td><td>2009</td></tr><tr><td></td><td colspan="2">(In thousands)</td></tr><tr><td>Several recourse debt—repayment</td><td>$33,399</td><td>42,691</td></tr><tr><td>Several recourse debt—maintenance</td><td>29,454</td><td>75,238</td></tr><tr><td>Joint and several recourse debt—repayment</td><td>48,406</td><td>85,799</td></tr><tr><td>Joint and several recourse debt—maintenance</td><td>61,591</td><td>81,592</td></tr><tr><td>Land seller debt and other debt recourse exposure</td><td>—</td><td>2,420</td></tr><tr><td>The Company’s maximum recourse exposure</td><td>172,850</td><td>287,740</td></tr><tr><td>Less: joint and several reimbursement agreements with the Company’s partners</td><td>-58,878</td><td>-93,185</td></tr><tr><td>The Company’s net recourse exposure</td><td>$113,972</td><td>194,555</td></tr></table>
<table><tr><td></td><td colspan="4"> November 30,</td></tr><tr><td></td><td colspan="2"> 2010</td><td colspan="2"> 2009</td></tr><tr><td></td><td> Carrying Amount</td><td> Fair Value</td><td> Carrying Amount</td><td> Fair Value</td></tr><tr><td></td><td colspan="4"> (In thousands)</td></tr><tr><td> ASSETS</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td> Rialto Investments:</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Loans receivable</td><td>$1,219,314</td><td> 1,411,731</td><td>—</td><td>—</td></tr><tr><td>Investments—held-to-maturity</td><td>$19,537</td><td> 19,537</td><td>—</td><td>—</td></tr><tr><td> Lennar Financial Services:</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Loans held-for-investment, net</td><td>$21,768</td><td> 23,083</td><td>25,131</td><td>26,818</td></tr><tr><td>Investments—held-to-maturity</td><td>$3,165</td><td> 3,177</td><td>2,512</td><td>2,529</td></tr><tr><td> LIABILITIES</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td> Lennar Homebuilding:</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Senior notes and other debts payable</td><td>$3,128,154</td><td> 3,153,106</td><td>2,761,352</td><td>2,754,737</td></tr><tr><td> Rialto Investments:</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Notes payable</td><td>$752,302</td><td> 719,703</td><td>—</td><td>—</td></tr><tr><td> Lennar Financial Services:</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Notes and other debts payable</td><td>$271,678</td><td> 271,678</td><td>217,557</td><td>217,557</td></tr></table>
<table><tr><td></td><td colspan="3">Sales Price</td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td>High</td><td>Low</td><td>Closing</td><td>Distributions</td></tr><tr><td>2017</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Fourth Quarter Ended December 31, 2017</td><td>$70.46</td><td>$63.20</td><td>$63.77</td><td>$0.50375</td></tr><tr><td>Third Quarter Ended September 30, 2017</td><td>$68.77</td><td>$63.98</td><td>$65.93</td><td>$0.50375</td></tr><tr><td>Second Quarter Ended June 30, 2017</td><td>$68.83</td><td>$61.59</td><td>$65.83</td><td>$0.50375</td></tr><tr><td>First Quarter Ended March 31, 2017</td><td>$65.71</td><td>$59.49</td><td>$62.22</td><td>$0.50375</td></tr><tr><td>2016</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Fourth Quarter Ended December 31, 2016</td><td>$65.14</td><td>$58.28</td><td>$64.36</td><td>$0.50375</td></tr><tr><td>Third Quarter Ended September 30, 2016</td><td>$71.53</td><td>$62.39</td><td>$64.33</td><td>$3.50375</td></tr><tr><td>Second Quarter Ended June 30, 2016</td><td>$75.49</td><td>$63.11</td><td>$68.88</td><td>$0.50375</td></tr><tr><td>First Quarter Ended March 31, 2016</td><td>$81.76</td><td>$66.62</td><td>$75.03</td><td>$8.50375</td></tr></table>
<table><tr><td></td><td colspan="2">Distributions</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>2017</td><td>2016</td></tr><tr><td>Fourth Quarter Ended December 31,</td><td>$0.50375</td><td>$0.50375</td></tr><tr><td>Third Quarter Ended September 30,</td><td>$0.50375</td><td>$3.50375</td></tr><tr><td>Second Quarter Ended June 30,</td><td>$0.50375</td><td>$0.50375</td></tr><tr><td>First Quarter Ended March 31,</td><td>$0.50375</td><td>$8.50375</td></tr></table>
<table><tr><td></td><td colspan="3"> Options Outstanding and Exercisable</td></tr><tr><td> Range of</td><td></td><td rowspan="2"> Weighted  Average  Exercise Price</td><td rowspan="2"> Remaining  Contractual Life</td></tr><tr><td> Exercise Prices</td><td> Shares</td></tr><tr><td>$29.50-29.71</td><td>894,054</td><td>$29.66</td><td>1.77</td></tr><tr><td>$34.45-39.46</td><td>1,995,012</td><td>$37.66</td><td>2.67</td></tr><tr><td> Total</td><td>2,889,066</td><td>$35.18</td><td>2.39</td></tr></table>
<table><tr><td>(dollar amounts in millions)</td><td colspan="2">December 31,2018</td><td colspan="2">December 31,2017</td></tr><tr><td>Commercial loans and leases:</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Real estate and rental and leasing</td><td>$6,964</td><td>9%</td><td>$7,378</td><td>11%</td></tr><tr><td>Retail trade -1</td><td>5,337</td><td>7</td><td>4,886</td><td>7</td></tr><tr><td>Manufacturing</td><td>5,140</td><td>7</td><td>4,791</td><td>7</td></tr><tr><td>Finance and insurance</td><td>3,377</td><td>5</td><td>3,044</td><td>4</td></tr><tr><td>Wholesale trade</td><td>2,830</td><td>4</td><td>2,291</td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td>Health care and social assistance</td><td>2,533</td><td>3</td><td>2,664</td><td>4</td></tr><tr><td>Accommodation and food services</td><td>1,709</td><td>2</td><td>1,617</td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td>Professional, scientific, and technical services</td><td>1,344</td><td>2</td><td>1,257</td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td>Transportation and warehousing</td><td>1,320</td><td>2</td><td>1,243</td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td>Other services</td><td>1,290</td><td>2</td><td>1,296</td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td>Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction</td><td>1,286</td><td>2</td><td>694</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td>Construction</td><td>924</td><td>1</td><td>976</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td>Admin./Support/Waste Mgmt. and Remediation Services</td><td>737</td><td>1</td><td>561</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td>Arts, entertainment, and recreation</td><td>599</td><td>1</td><td>593</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td>Educational services</td><td>473</td><td>1</td><td>504</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td>Utilities</td><td>454</td><td>1</td><td>389</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td>Information</td><td>441</td><td>1</td><td>467</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td>Public administration</td><td>253</td><td>—</td><td>255</td><td>—</td></tr><tr><td>Unclassified/Other</td><td>174</td><td>—</td><td>163</td><td>—</td></tr><tr><td>Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting</td><td>174</td><td>—</td><td>172</td><td>—</td></tr><tr><td>Management of companies and enterprises</td><td>88</td><td>—</td><td>91</td><td>—</td></tr><tr><td>Total commercial loans and leases by industry category</td><td>37,447</td><td>51%</td><td>35,332</td><td>51%</td></tr><tr><td>Automobile</td><td>12,429</td><td>16</td><td>12,100</td><td>17</td></tr><tr><td>Home Equity</td><td>9,722</td><td>13</td><td>10,099</td><td>14</td></tr><tr><td>Residential mortgage</td><td>10,728</td><td>14</td><td>9,026</td><td>13</td></tr><tr><td>RV and marine finance</td><td>3,254</td><td>4</td><td>2,438</td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td>Other consumer loans</td><td>1,320</td><td>2</td><td>1,122</td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td>Total loans and leases</td><td>$74,900</td><td>100%</td><td>$70,117</td><td>100%</td></tr></table>

Question: what is the percentage change in rent expense from 2006 yo 2007?