?
Level 1–Quoted prices for identical instruments in active markets.  ?
Level 2–Quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active; and model derived valuations in which all significant inputs and significant value drivers are observable in active markets.  ?
Level 3–Valuations derived from valuation techniques in which one or more significant inputs or significant value drivers are unobservable.
This hierarchy requires the Company to use observable market data, when available, and to minimize the use of unobservable inputs when determining fair value.
For some products or in certain market conditions, observable inputs may not always be available.
For example, during the market dislocations that started in the second half of 2007, certain markets became illiquid, and some key observable inputs used in valuing certain exposures were unavailable.
When and if these markets become liquid, the valuation of these exposures will use the related observable inputs available at that time from these markets.
Under SFAS 157, Citigroup is required to take into account its own credit risk when measuring the fair value of derivative positions as well as the other liabilities for which fair value accounting has been elected under SFAS 155, Accounting for Certain Hybrid Financial Instruments and SFAS 159, The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities.
The adoption of SFAS 157 has also resulted in some other changes to the valuation techniques used by Citigroup when determining fair value, most notably the changes to the way that the probability of default of a counterparty is factored in and the elimination of a derivative valuation adjustment which is no longer necessary under SFAS 157.
The cumulative effect at January 1, 2007 of making these changes was a gain of $250 million after-tax ($402 million pretax), or $0.05 per diluted share, which was recorded in the first quarter of 2007 earnings within the S&B business.
SFAS 157 also precludes the use of block discounts for instruments traded in an active market, which were previously applied to large holdings of publicly traded equity securities, and requires the recognition of trade-date gains after consideration of all appropriate valuation adjustments related to certain derivative trades that use unobservable inputs in determining their fair value.
Previous accounting guidance allowed the use of block discounts in certain circumstances and prohibited the recognition of day-one gains on certain derivative trades when determining the fair value of instruments not traded in an active market.
The cumulative effect of these changes resulted in an increase to January 1, 2007 retained earnings of $75 million.
Fair Value Option (SFAS 159) In conjunction with the adoption of SFAS 157, the Company early-adopted SFAS 159, The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities (SFAS 159), as of January 1, 2007.
SFAS 159 provides an option on an instrument-by-instrument basis for most financial assets and liabilities to be reported at fair value with changes in fair value reported in earnings.
After the initial adoption, the election is made at the acquisition of a financial asset, a financial liability, or a firm commitment and it may not be revoked.
SFAS 159 provides an opportunity to mitigate volatility in reported earnings that resulted prior to its adoption from being required to apply fair value accounting to certain economic hedges (e. g. , derivatives) while having to measure the assets and liabilities being economically hedged using an accounting method other than fair value.
Under the SFAS 159 transition provisions, the Company elected to apply fair value accounting to certain financial instruments held at January 1, 2007 with future changes in value reported in earnings.
The adoption of SFAS 159 resulted in a decrease to January 1, 2007 retained earnings of $99 million.
Leveraged Leases On January 1, 2007, the Company adopted FSP FAS 13-2, “Accounting for a Change or Projected Change in the Timing of Cash Flows Relating to Income Taxes Generated by a Leverage Lease Transaction” (FSP 13-2), which provides guidance regarding changes or projected changes in the timing of cash flows relating to income taxes generated by a leveraged lease transaction.
Leveraged leases can provide significant tax benefits to the lessor, primarily as a result of the timing of tax payments.
Since changes in the timing and/or amount of these tax benefits may have a significant effect on the cash flows of a lease transaction, a lessor, in accordance with FSP 13-2, will be required to perform a recalculation of a leveraged lease when there is a change or projected change in the timing of the realization of tax benefits generated by that lease.
Previously, Citigroup did not recalculate the tax benefits if only the timing of cash flows had changed.
The adoption of FSP 13-2 resulted in a decrease to January 1, 2007 retained earnings of $148 million.
This decrease to retained earnings will be recognized in earnings over the remaining lives of the leases as tax benefits are realized.
Accounting for Defined Benefit Pensions and Other Postretirement Benefits As of December 31, 2006, the Company adopted SFAS No.158, Employer’s Accounting for Defined Benefit Pensions and Other Postretirement Benefits (SFAS 158).
In accordance with this standard, Citigroup recorded the funded status of each of its defined benefit pension and postretirement plans as an asset or liability on its Consolidated Balance Sheet with a corresponding offset, net of taxes, recorded in Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) within Stockholders’ equity, resulting in an after-tax decrease in equity of $1.647 billion.
See Note 9 on page 144.
The following table shows the effects of adopting SFAS 158 at December 31, 2006 on individual line items in the Consolidated Balance Sheet at December 31, 2006:
## Table 0 ##
(1) Adjustment to initially apply SFAS 158, net of taxes.
A credit option is a credit derivative that allows investors to trade or hedge changes in the credit quality of the reference asset.
For example, in a credit spread option, the option writer (guarantor) assumes the obligation to purchase or sell the reference asset at a specified “strike” spread level.
The option purchaser (beneficiary) buys the right to sell the reference asset to, or purchase it from, the option writer at the strike spread level.
The payments on credit spread options depend either on a particular credit spread or the price of the underlying credit-sensitive asset.
The options usually terminate if the underlying assets default.
A credit-linked note is a form of credit derivative structured as a debt security with an embedded credit default swap.
The purchaser of the note writes credit protection to the issuer, and receives a return which will be negatively affected by credit events on the underlying reference credit.
If the reference entity defaults, the purchaser of the credit-linked note may assume the long position in the debt security and any future cash flows from it but will lose the amount paid to the issuer of the credit-linked note.
Thus the maximum amount of the exposure is the carrying amount of the creditlinked note.
As of December 31, 2008, the amount of credit-linked notes held by the Company in trading inventory was immaterial.
The following table summarizes the key characteristics of the Company’s credit derivative portfolio as protection seller (guarantor) as of December 31, 2008:
## Table 1 ##
Citigroup evaluates the payment/performance risk of the credit derivatives to which it stands as guarantor based on the credit rating which has been assigned to the underlying referenced credit.
Where external ratings by nationally recognized statistical rating organizations (such as Moody’s and S&P), are used, investment grade ratings are considered to be Baa/BBB or above, while anything below is considered non-investment grade.
The Citigroup internal ratings are in line with the related external credit rating system.
On certain underlying referenced credit, mainly related to over-thecounter credit derivatives, ratings are not available, and these are included in the not-rated category.
Credit derivatives written on an underlying noninvestment grade referenced credit represent greater payment risk to the Company.
The non-investment grade category in the table above primarily includes credit derivatives where the underlying referenced entity has been downgraded subsequent to the inception of the derivative.
The maximum potential amount of future payments under credit derivative contracts presented in the table above is based on the notional value of the derivatives.
The Company believes that the maximum potential amount of future payments for credit protection sold is not representative of the actual loss exposure based on historical experience.
This maximum potential amount has not been reduced by the Company’s rights to the underlying assets and the related cash flows.
In accordance with most credit derivative contracts, should a credit event (or settlement trigger) occur, the Company is usually liable for the difference between the protection sold and the recourse it holds in the value of the underlying assets.
Thus, if the reference entity defaults, Citi will generally have a right to collect on the underlying reference credit and any related cash flows, while being liable for the full notional amount of credit protection sold to the buyer.
Furthermore, this maximum potential amount of future payments for credit protection sold has not been reduced for any cash collateral paid to a given counterparty, as such payments would be calculated after netting all derivative exposures, including any credit derivatives, with that counterparty in accordance with a related master netting agreement.
Due to such netting processes, determining the amount of collateral that corresponds to credit derivative exposures only is not possible.
The Company actively monitors open credit risk exposures, and manages this exposure using a variety of strategies including purchased credit derivatives, cash collateral or direct holdings of the referenced assets.
This risk mitigation activity is not captured in the table above.
CORPORATE/OTHER Corporate/Other includes Treasury results, unallocated corporate expenses, offsets to certain line-item reclassifications reported in the business segments (inter-segment eliminations), the results of discontinued operations and unallocated taxes.
## Table 2 ##
2008 vs.  2007 Revenues, net of interest expense declined primarily due to the gain in 2007 on the sale of certain corporate-owned assets and higher inter-segment eliminations partially offset by improved Treasury hedging activities.
Operating expenses declined primarily due to lower restructuring charges in the current year as well as reductions in incentive compensation and benefits expense.
Discontinued operations represent the sale of Citigroup’s German Retail Banking Operations and CitiCapital.
See Note 3 to the Consolidated Financial Statements on page 136 for a more detailed discussion.2007 vs.  2006 Revenues, net of interest expense improved primarily due to improved Treasury results and a gain on the sale of certain corporate-owned assets, partially offset by higher inter-segment eliminations.
Operating expenses increased primarily due to restructuring charges, increased staffing, technology and other unallocated expenses, partially offset by higher inter-segment eliminations.
Income tax benefits increased due to a higher pretax loss in 2007, offset by a prior-year tax reserve release of $69 million relating to the resolution of the 2006 Tax Audits.
Discontinued operations represent the operations in the Sale of the Asset Management Business and the Sale of the Life Insurance and Annuities Business.
For 2006, Income from discontinued operations included gains and tax benefits relating to the final settlement of the Life Insurance and Annuities and Asset Management Sale Transactions and a gain from the Sale of the Asset Management Business in Poland, as well as a tax reserve release of $76 million relating to the resolution of the 2006 Tax Audits.
AVERAGE BALANCES AND INTEREST RATES—ASSETS (1)(2)(3)(4)
## Table 3 ##
(1) Interest revenue excludes the taxable equivalent adjustments (based on the U. S.  federal statutory tax rate of 35%) of $323 million, $125 million, and $98 million for 2008, 2007, and 2006, respectively.
(2) Interest rates and amounts include the effects of risk management activities associated with the respective asset and liability categories.
See Note 24 to the Consolidated Financial Statements on page 189.
(3) Monthly or quarterly averages have been used by certain subsidiaries where daily averages are unavailable.
(4) Detailed average volume, interest revenue and interest expense exclude discontinued operations.
See Note 3 to the Consolidated Financial Statements on page 136.
(5) Average rates reflect prevailing local interest rates, including inflationary effects and monetary corrections in certain countries.
(6) Average volumes of securities borrowed or purchased under agreements to resell are reported net pursuant to FASB Interpretation No.41, “Offsetting of Amounts Related to Certain Repurchase and Reverse Repurchase Agreements” (FIN 41), and interest revenue excludes the impact of FIN 41.
(7) The fair value carrying amounts of derivative and foreign exchange contracts are reported in non-interest-earning assets and other non-interest-bearing liabilities.
(8) Interest expense on Trading account liabilities of ICG is reported as a reduction of interest revenue.
Interest revenue and interest expense on cash collateral positions are reported in Trading account assets and Trading account liabilities, respectively.
(9) Includes cash-basis loans.
Reclassified to conform to the current period’s presentation.

<table><tr><td><i>In millions of dollars</i></td><td>Before application of SFAS 158</td><td>Adjustments</td><td>After application of SFAS 158</td></tr><tr><td> Other assets</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Prepaid benefit cost</td><td>$2,620</td><td>$-534</td><td>$2,086</td></tr><tr><td> Other liabilities</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Accrued benefit liability</td><td>$—</td><td>$2,147</td><td>$2,147</td></tr><tr><td> Deferred taxes, net</td><td>$3,653</td><td>$1,034</td><td>$4,687</td></tr><tr><td> Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)</td><td>$-2,053</td><td>$-1,647 (1)</td><td>$-3,700</td></tr><tr><td> Total stockholders’ equity</td><td>$121,430</td><td>$-1,647 (1)</td><td>$119,783</td></tr></table>
<table><tr><td><i>In millions of dollars</i></td><td> Maximum potential amount of future payments</td><td> Fair value (payable)</td></tr><tr><td> By industry/counterparty</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Bank</td><td>$943,949</td><td>$118,428</td></tr><tr><td>Broker-dealer</td><td>365,664</td><td>55,458</td></tr><tr><td>Monoline</td><td>139</td><td>91</td></tr><tr><td>Non-financial</td><td>7,540</td><td>2,556</td></tr><tr><td>Insurance and other financial institutions</td><td>125,988</td><td>21,700</td></tr><tr><td> Total by industry/counterparty</td><td>$1,443,280</td><td>$198,233</td></tr><tr><td> By instrument:</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Credit default swaps and options</td><td>$1,441,375</td><td>$197,981</td></tr><tr><td>Total return swaps and other</td><td>1,905</td><td>252</td></tr><tr><td> Total by instrument</td><td>$1,443,280</td><td>$198,233</td></tr><tr><td> By rating:</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Investment grade</td><td>$851,426</td><td>$83,672</td></tr><tr><td>Non-investment grade</td><td>410,483</td><td>87,508</td></tr><tr><td>Not rated</td><td>181,371</td><td>27,053</td></tr><tr><td> Total by rating</td><td>$1,443,280</td><td>$198,233</td></tr></table>
<table><tr><td><i>In millions of dollars</i></td><td>2008</td><td>2007</td><td>2006</td></tr><tr><td>Net interest revenue</td><td>$-1,288</td><td>$-461</td><td>$-345</td></tr><tr><td>Non-interest revenue</td><td>438</td><td>-291</td><td>-599</td></tr><tr><td>Revenues, net of interest expense</td><td>$-850</td><td>$-752</td><td>$-944</td></tr><tr><td>Operating expenses</td><td>526</td><td>1,830</td><td>202</td></tr><tr><td>Provisions for loan losses and for benefits and claims</td><td>1</td><td>-2</td><td>4</td></tr><tr><td>Loss from continuing operations before taxes and minority interest</td><td>$-1,377</td><td>$-2,580</td><td>$-1,150</td></tr><tr><td>Income tax benefits</td><td>-421</td><td>-922</td><td>-498</td></tr><tr><td>Minority interest, net of taxes</td><td>-2</td><td>3</td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td>Loss from continuing operations</td><td>$-954</td><td>$-1,661</td><td>$-654</td></tr><tr><td>Income from discontinued operations</td><td>4,410</td><td>628</td><td>1,087</td></tr><tr><td>Net income (loss)</td><td>$3,456</td><td>$-1,033</td><td>$433</td></tr></table>
<table><tr><td></td><td colspan="3"> Average volume</td><td colspan="3"> Interest revenue</td><td colspan="3"> % Average rate</td></tr><tr><td><i>In millions of dollars</i></td><td> 2008</td><td>2007</td><td>2006</td><td> 2008</td><td>2007</td><td>2006</td><td>2008</td><td>2007</td><td>2006</td></tr><tr><td> Assets</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td> Deposits with banks<sup>-5</sup></td><td>$78,788</td><td>$54,840</td><td>$35,770</td><td>$3,119</td><td>$3,113</td><td>$2,240</td><td>3.96%</td><td>5.68%</td><td>6.26%</td></tr><tr><td> Federal funds sold and securities borrowed or purchased under agreements to resell<sup>-6</sup></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>In U.S. offices</td><td>$164,732</td><td>$192,824</td><td>$166,202</td><td>$5,071</td><td>$11,728</td><td>$10,258</td><td>3.08%</td><td>6.08%</td><td>6.17%</td></tr><tr><td>In offices outside the U.S.<sup>-5</sup></td><td>77,324</td><td>131,766</td><td>85,200</td><td>4,104</td><td>6,626</td><td>3,941</td><td>5.31</td><td>5.03</td><td>4.63</td></tr><tr><td>Total</td><td>$242,056</td><td>$324,590</td><td>$251,402</td><td>$9,175</td><td>$18,354</td><td>$14,199</td><td>3.79%</td><td>5.65%</td><td>5.65%</td></tr><tr><td> Trading account assets<sup>-7</sup><sup></sup><sup>(8)</sup></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>In U.S. offices</td><td>$221,455</td><td>$263,922</td><td>$188,985</td><td>$12,331</td><td>$13,557</td><td>$8,537</td><td>5.57%</td><td>5.14%</td><td>4.52%</td></tr><tr><td>In offices outside the U.S.<sup>-5</sup></td><td>159,194</td><td>176,803</td><td>100,634</td><td>5,158</td><td>4,950</td><td>3,328</td><td>3.24</td><td>2.80</td><td>3.31</td></tr><tr><td>Total</td><td>$380,649</td><td>$440,725</td><td>$289,619</td><td>$17,489</td><td>$18,507</td><td>$11,865</td><td>4.59%</td><td>4.20%</td><td>4.10%</td></tr><tr><td> Investments</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>In U.S. offices</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Taxable</td><td>$112,071</td><td>$136,482</td><td>$106,136</td><td>$4,846</td><td>$6,840</td><td>$4,799</td><td>4.32%</td><td>5.01%</td><td>4.52%</td></tr><tr><td>Exempt from U.S. income tax<sup>-1</sup></td><td>13,584</td><td>17,796</td><td>14,023</td><td>613</td><td>909</td><td>661</td><td>4.51</td><td>5.11</td><td>4.71</td></tr><tr><td>In offices outside the U.S.<sup>-5</sup></td><td>95,308</td><td>108,875</td><td>96,757</td><td>5,259</td><td>5,674</td><td>4,880</td><td>5.52</td><td>5.21</td><td>5.04</td></tr><tr><td>Total</td><td>$220,963</td><td>$263,153</td><td>$216,916</td><td>$10,718</td><td>$13,423</td><td>$10,340</td><td>4.85%</td><td>5.10%</td><td>4.77%</td></tr><tr><td> Loans (net of unearned income)<sup>(9)</sup></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td> Consumer loans</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>In U.S. offices</td><td>$373,095</td><td>$364,220</td><td>$328,311</td><td>$28,657</td><td>$30,491</td><td>$27,499</td><td>7.68%</td><td>8.37%</td><td>8.38%</td></tr><tr><td>In offices outside the U.S.<sup>-5</sup></td><td>177,461</td><td>159,004</td><td>124,120</td><td>18,633</td><td>16,782</td><td>13,034</td><td>10.50</td><td>10.55</td><td>10.50</td></tr><tr><td>Total consumer loans</td><td>$550,556</td><td>$523,224</td><td>$452,431</td><td>$47,290</td><td>$47,273</td><td>$40,533</td><td>8.59%</td><td>9.03%</td><td>8.96%</td></tr><tr><td> Corporate loans</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>In U.S. offices</td><td>$43,773</td><td>$34,843</td><td>$28,113</td><td>$2,281</td><td>$2,398</td><td>$1,717</td><td>5.21%</td><td>6.88%</td><td>6.11%</td></tr><tr><td>In offices outside the U.S.<sup>-5</sup></td><td>140,196</td><td>152,840</td><td>124,462</td><td>12,765</td><td>13,530</td><td>9,836</td><td>9.11</td><td>8.85</td><td>7.90</td></tr><tr><td> Total corporate loans</td><td>$183,969</td><td>$187,683</td><td>$152,575</td><td>$15,046</td><td>$15,928</td><td>$11,553</td><td>8.18%</td><td>8.49%</td><td>7.57%</td></tr><tr><td> Total loans</td><td>$734,525</td><td>$710,907</td><td>$605,006</td><td>$62,336</td><td>$63,201</td><td>$52,086</td><td>8.49%</td><td>8.89%</td><td>8.61%</td></tr><tr><td> Other interest-earning assets</td><td>$95,253</td><td>$90,707</td><td>$57,470</td><td>$3,818</td><td>$4,831</td><td>$2,881</td><td>4.01%</td><td>5.33%</td><td>5.01%</td></tr><tr><td>Total interest-earning assets</td><td>$1,752,234</td><td>$1,884,922</td><td>$1,456,183</td><td>$106,655</td><td>$121,429</td><td>$93,611</td><td>6.09%</td><td>6.44%</td><td>6.43%</td></tr><tr><td>Non-interest-earning assets<sup>-7</sup></td><td>387,876</td><td>249,960</td><td>187,797</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Total assets from discontinued operations</td><td>27,368</td><td>36,650</td><td>35,414</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td> Total assets</td><td>$2,167,478</td><td>$2,171,532</td><td>$1,679,394</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr></table>

Question: What is the average increasing rate of Deposits with banks between 2008 and 2007 for Average volume?