eBay Inc.  NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued) Deferred Stock Units Since December 31, 2002, we have granted deferred stock units to non-employee directors (other than Pierre Omidyar) elected to our Board of Directors with each new director receiving a one-time grant of deferred stock units equal to the result of dividing $150,000 by the fair market value of our common stock on the date of grant.
Beginning with our 2008 annual meeting of stockholders, we granted deferred stock units to each non-employee director (other than Mr.  Omidyar) at the time of our annual meeting of stockholders equal to the result of dividing $110,000 by the fair market value of our common stock on the date of grant.
Beginning with the 2011 annual meeting of stockholders, we granted deferred stock units to each non-employee director (other than Mr.  Omidyar) at the time of our annual meeting of stockholders equal to the result of dividing $220,000 by the fair market value of our common stock on the date of grant.
Each deferred stock unit constitutes an unfunded and unsecured promise by us to deliver one share of our common stock (or the equivalent value thereof in cash or property at our election).
Each deferred stock unit award granted to a new non-employee director upon election to the Board vests 25% one year from the date of grant, and at a rate of 2.08% per month thereafter.
If the services of the director are terminated at any time, all rights to the unvested deferred stock units will also terminate.
In addition, directors may elect to receive, in lieu of annual retainer and committee chair fees and at the time these fees would otherwise be payable (i. e. , on a quarterly basis in arrears for services provided), fully vested deferred stock units with an initial value equal to the amount based on the fair market value of common stock at the date of grant.
Deferred stock units are payable following the termination of a director's tenure as a director.
As of December 31, 2012 , there were approximately 329,535 deferred stock units outstanding included in our restricted stock unit activity below.
Stock Option Activity The following table summarizes stock option activity under our equity incentive plans as of and for the year ended December 31, 2012 :
## Table 0 ##
The aggregate intrinsic value of options was calculated as the difference between the exercise price of the underlying awards and the quoted price of our common stock.
At December 31, 2012 , options to purchase 24 million shares of common stock were in-the-money.
The weighted average grant-date fair value of options granted during the years 2012 , 2011 and 2010 was $11.21 , $9.87 and $6.77 , respectively.
During the years 2012 , 2011 and 2010 , the aggregate intrinsic value of options exercised under our equity incentive plans was $276 million , $129 million and $141 million , respectively, determined as of the date of option exercise.
assumptions, including expected life, expected volatility, risk-free interest rate and dividend yield.
As a result, future stock-based compensation expense may differ from our historical amounts.
The weighted-average grantdate fair value of stock options granted during 2015, 2014 and 2013 was $6.84, $13.59 and $15.39 per share, respectively, using the Black-Scholes model with the following weighted-average assumptions:
## Table 1 ##
Our computation of expected volatility for 2015, 2014 and 2013 was based on a combination of historical and market-based implied volatility from traded options on our stock.
Our computation of expected life was determined based on historical experience of similar awards, giving consideration to the contractual terms of the stock-based awards, vesting schedules and expectations of future employee behavior.
The interest rate for periods within the contractual life of the award was based on the U. S.  Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant.
The estimation of awards that will ultimately vest requires judgment, and to the extent actual results or updated estimates differ from our current estimates, such amounts will be recorded as a cumulative adjustment in the period estimates are revised.
We consider many factors when estimating forfeitures, including employee class and historical experience.
Goodwill and Intangible Assets The purchase price of an acquired company is allocated between intangible assets and the net tangible assets of the acquired business with the residual of the purchase price recorded as goodwill.
The determination of the value of the intangible assets acquired involves certain judgments and estimates.
These judgments can include, but are not limited to, the cash flows that an asset is expected to generate in the future and the appropriate weighted average cost of capital.
At December 31, 2015, our goodwill totaled $4.5 billion and our identifiable intangible assets, net totaled $90 million.
We assess the impairment of goodwill of our reporting units annually, or more often if events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable.
Goodwill is tested for impairment at the reporting unit level by first performing a qualitative assessment to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of the reporting unit is less than its carrying value.
If the reporting unit does not pass the qualitative assessment, then the reporting unit’s carrying value is compared to its fair value.
The fair values of the reporting units are estimated using market and discounted cash flow approaches.
Goodwill is considered impaired if the carrying value of the reporting unit exceeds its fair value.
The discounted cash flow approach uses expected future operating results.
The market approach uses comparable company information to determine revenue and earnings multiples to value our reporting units.
Failure to achieve these expected results or market multiples may cause a future impairment of goodwill at the reporting unit.
We conducted our annual impairment test of goodwill as of August 31, 2015 and 2014.
Additionally, we evaluated impairment based on the significant activities regarding the Distribution and Enterprise divestiture during the year.
See “Note 4 — Discontinued Operations” to the consolidated financial statements included in this report for further detail.
As of December 31, 2015, we determined that no further impairment of the carrying value of goodwill for any reporting nits was required.
See “Note 5 — Goodwill and Intangible Assets” to the consolidated financial statements included in this report.
Provision for Transaction Losses Provision for transaction losses consists primarily of transaction loss expense associated with our customer protection programs, fraud and bad debt expense associated with our accounts receivable balance.
We expect our provision for transaction losses to fluctuate depending on many factors, including changes to our customer protection programs and the impact of regulatory changes.
eBay Inc.  NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) repurchase programs have no expiration from the date of authorization.
The stock repurchase activity under our stock repurchase programs during 2018 was as follows (in millions, except per share amounts):
## Table 2 ##
(1) These repurchased shares of common stock were recorded as treasury stock and were accounted for under the cost method.
None of the repurchased shares of common stock have been retired.
(2) Excludes broker commissions.
In January 2019, our Board authorized an additional $4.0 billion stock repurchase program, with no expiration from the date of authorization.
In addition, our Board of Directors initiated a quarterly cash dividend of $0.14 per share of common stock to be paid on or about March 20, 2019 to shareholders of record as of March 1, 2019.
Note 13 — Employee Benefit Plans Equity Incentive Plans We have equity incentive plans under which we grant equity awards, including stock options, restricted stock units (“RSUs”), performance-based restricted stock units (“PBRSUs”), stock payment awards and performance share units, to our directors, officers and employees.
As of December 31, 2018, 755 million shares were authorized under our equity incentive plans and 66 million shares were available for future grant.
Stock options granted under these plans generally vest 12.5% six months from the date of grant (or 25% one year from the date of grant for grants to new employees) with the remainder vesting at a rate of 2.08% per month thereafter, and generally expire seven to ten years from the date of grant.
RSU awards granted to eligible employees under our equity incentive plans generally vest in annual or quarterly installments over a period of three to five years, are subject to the employees’ continuing service to us and do not have an expiration date.
In 2018, 2017 and 2016, certain executives were eligible to receive PBRSU.
PBRSU awards are subject to performance and time-based vesting requirements.
The target number of shares subject to the PBRSU award are adjusted based on our business performance measured against the performance goals approved by the Compensation Committee at the beginning of the performance period.
Generally, if the performance criteria is satisfied, one-half of the award vests in March following the end of the performance period and the other half of the award vests in March of the following year.
Deferred Stock Units Prior to December 31, 2016, we granted deferred stock units to each non-employee director (other than Mr.  Omidyar) at the time of our annual meeting of stockholders and to new non-employee directors upon their election to the Board.
Each deferred stock unit award granted to a new non-employee director upon election to the Board vests 25% one year from the date of grant, and at a rate of 2.08% per month thereafter.
In addition, directors were permitted to elect to receive, in lieu of annual retainer and committee chair fees and at the time these fees would otherwise be payable, fully vested deferred stock units with an initial value equal to the amount based on the fair market value of common stock at the date of grant.
Following termination of a non-employee director’s service on the Board, deferred stock units granted prior to August 1, 2013 are
## Table 3 ##
(1) Includes the impact of acquisitions and dispositions.
For a summary of recent significant acquisitions and dispositions, please see “Note 3—Business Combinations” to the consolidated financial statements included in this report.
(2) Working capital is calculated as the difference between total current assets and total current liabilities.
(3) Reflects the impact of the adoption of the new revenue recognition accounting standard in 2018.
Periods prior to 2016 have not been revised.
(4) Includes the impact of the Distribution of PayPal on July 17, 2015.
(5) The consolidated balance sheet data as of December 31, 2018 includes the impact of a $463 million reduction to the provisional current and deferred tax liabilities recorded in the fourth quarter of 2017 and a $120 million reduction in 2018 to the deferred tax asset recognized in 2017 as a result of a tax rate change.
The consolidated statement of income data for the year ended December 31, 2018 includes a $463 million income tax benefit and $120 million tax expense associated with such current and deferred tax liabilities and assets, respectively.
(6) The consolidated balance sheet data as of December 31, 2017 includes the impact of a $695 million deferred tax asset recognized in 2017 as a result of our voluntary domiciling our Classifieds intangible assets into a new jurisdiction.
The consolidated statement of income data for the year ended December 31, 2017 includes a $695 million income tax benefit associated with such deferred tax asset, $376 million caused by the foreign exchange remeasurement of our deferred tax assets and a $3.1 billion provisional tax expense associated with the enactment of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act.
(7) The consolidated balance sheet data for the year ended December 31, 2016 includes the impact of a $4.6 billion deferred tax asset recognized in 2016 as a result of our election to terminate an existing tax ruling and finalize a new agreement with the foreign tax authority.
The consolidated statement of income data for the year ended December 31, 2016 includes a $4.6 billion income tax benefit associated with such deferred tax asset.
(8) The consolidated statement of income data for the year ended December 31, 2014 includes an income tax provision of approximately $3.0 billion to recognize deferred tax liabilities on $9.0 billion of undistributed foreign earnings of certain of our foreign subsidiaries for 2013.

<table><tr><td></td><td>Shares</td><td>WeightedAverageExercisePrice</td><td>Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (Years)</td><td>Aggregate Intrinsic Value</td></tr><tr><td></td><td colspan="4">(In millions, except per share amounts and years)</td></tr><tr><td>Outstanding at January 1, 2012</td><td>40</td><td>$25.84</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Granted and assumed</td><td>2</td><td>$36.76</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Exercised</td><td>-15</td><td>$24.45</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Forfeited/expired/canceled</td><td>-3</td><td>$31.26</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Outstanding at December 31, 2012</td><td>24</td><td>$27.14</td><td>3.59</td><td>$577</td></tr><tr><td>Expected to vest</td><td>23</td><td>$26.95</td><td>3.51</td><td>$559</td></tr><tr><td>Options exercisable</td><td>16</td><td>$25.81</td><td>2.78</td><td>$412</td></tr></table>
<table><tr><td></td><td colspan="3">Year Ended December 31,</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>2015</td><td>2014</td><td>2013</td></tr><tr><td>Risk-free interest rate</td><td>1.4%</td><td>1.2%</td><td>0.6%</td></tr><tr><td>Expected life (in years)</td><td>4.1</td><td>4.1</td><td>4.1</td></tr><tr><td>Dividend yield</td><td>—%</td><td>—%</td><td>—%</td></tr><tr><td>Expected volatility</td><td>27%</td><td>29%</td><td>34%</td></tr></table>
<table><tr><td></td><td>Shares Repurchased<sup>-1</sup></td><td>Average Price per Share<sup>-2</sup></td><td>Value of Shares Repurchased<sup>-2</sup></td><td>Remaining Amount Authorized</td></tr><tr><td>Balance as of January 1, 2018</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>$1,651</td></tr><tr><td>Authorization of additional plan in January 2018</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>6,000</td></tr><tr><td>Repurchase of shares of common stock</td><td>131</td><td>$34.31</td><td>$4,500</td><td>- 4,500</td></tr><tr><td>Balance as of December 31, 2018</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>$3,151</td></tr></table>
<table><tr><td></td><td colspan="5">As of December 31,</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>2018<sup>-5</sup></td><td>2017<sup>-3 (6)</sup></td><td>2016<sup>-3 (7)</sup></td><td>2015</td><td>2014<sup>-8</sup></td></tr><tr><td></td><td colspan="5">(In millions)</td></tr><tr><td>Consolidated Balance Sheet Data:<sup>-1</sup></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Cash and cash equivalents</td><td>$2,202</td><td>$2,120</td><td>$1,816</td><td>$1,832</td><td>$4,105</td></tr><tr><td>Short-term investments</td><td>2,713</td><td>3,743</td><td>5,333</td><td>4,299</td><td>3,730</td></tr><tr><td>Long-term investments</td><td>3,778</td><td>6,331</td><td>3,969</td><td>3,391</td><td>5,736</td></tr><tr><td>Working capital - continuing operations</td><td>2,672</td><td>4,185</td><td>5,010</td><td>5,641</td><td>4,463</td></tr><tr><td>Working capital - discontinued operations</td><td>—</td><td>—</td><td>—</td><td>—</td><td>4,537</td></tr><tr><td>Working capital total<sup>-2</sup></td><td>2,672</td><td>4,185</td><td>5,010</td><td>5,641</td><td>9,000</td></tr><tr><td>Total assets - continuing operations</td><td>22,819</td><td>25,986</td><td>23,851</td><td>17,785</td><td>21,716</td></tr><tr><td>Total assets - discontinued operations</td><td>—</td><td>—</td><td>—</td><td>—</td><td>23,416</td></tr><tr><td>Total assets</td><td>22,819</td><td>25,986</td><td>23,851</td><td>17,785</td><td>45,132</td></tr><tr><td>Short-term debt</td><td>1,546</td><td>781</td><td>1,451</td><td>—</td><td>850</td></tr><tr><td>Long-term debt</td><td>7,685</td><td>9,234</td><td>7,509</td><td>6,779</td><td>6,777</td></tr><tr><td>Total stockholders’ equity<sup>-4</sup></td><td>6,281</td><td>8,049</td><td>10,526</td><td>6,576</td><td>19,906</td></tr></table>

Question: What is the average growth rate of Cash and cash equivalents between 2017 and 2018?