Assets Under Management The following presentation and discussion of AUM includes Passive and Active AUM.
Passive AUM includes ETFs, UITs, leveraged fund balances upon which we do not earn a fee, and other passive mandates.
Active AUM are total AUM less Passive AUM.
The AUM tables and the discussion below refer to AUM as long-term.
Long-term AUM excludes institutional money market and Invesco PowerShares QQQ AUM.
Long-term inflows and the underlying reasons for the movements in this line item include investments from new clients, existing clients adding new accounts/funds or contributions/subscriptions into existing accounts/ funds, and new funding commitments into private equity funds.
Long-term outflows reflect client redemptions from accounts/ funds and include the return of invested capital on the maturity or liquidation of private equity funds.
We present net flows into institutional money market funds separately because shareholders of those funds typically use them as short-term funding vehicles and because their flows are particularly sensitive to short-term interest rate movements.
The net flows in Invesco PowerShares QQQ AUM can also be relatively short-term in nature and, due to the relatively low revenue yield, these can have a significant impact on overall net revenue yield.
Changes in AUM were as follows  (1) :
## Table 0 ##
(1) On December 31, 2013, the company completed the sale of Atlantic Trust.
All AUM amounts quoted in the tables exclude the AUM of the discontinued operations, Atlantic Trust.
(2) Gross revenue yield on AUM is equal to annualized total operating revenues divided by average AUM, excluding joint venture (JV) AUM.
Our share of the average AUM in 2015 for our JVs in China was $6.1 billion (2014: $4.9 billion, 2013: $4.0 billion).
It is appropriate to exclude the average AUM of our JVs for purposes of computing gross revenue yield on AUM, because the revenues resulting from these AUM are not presented in our operating revenues.
Under U. S.  GAAP, our share of the net income of the JVs is recorded as equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliates on our Consolidated Statements of Income.
Additionally, the numerator of the gross revenue yield measure, operating revenues, excludes the management fees earned from CIP; however, the denominator of the measure includes the AUM of these investment products.
Therefore, management does not consider the gross revenue yield measure to be representative of the company's true effective fee rate from AUM
Additionally, during 2008, a consolidated joint venture in which the Company had a preferred equity investment disposed of a property for a sales price of approximately $35.0 million.
As a result of this capital transaction, the Company received approximately $3.5 million of profit participation, before minority interest of approximately $1.1 million.
This profit participation has been recorded as income from other real estate investments and is reflected in Income from discontinued operating properties in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Income.
During 2007, the Company (i) disposed of six operating properties and completed partial sales of three operating properties, in separate transactions, for an aggregate sales price of approximately $40.0 million, which resulted in an aggregate net gain of approximately $6.4 million, after income taxes of approximately $1.6 million and (ii) transferred one operating property, which was acquired in the first quarter of 2007, to a joint venture in which the Company holds a 15% non-controlling ownership interest for an aggregate price of approximately $4.5 million, which represented the net book value.
Additionally, during 2007, two consolidated joint ventures in which the Company had preferred equity investments disposed of, in separate transactions, their respective properties for an aggregate sales price of approximately $66.5 million.
As a result of these capital transactions, the Company received approximately $22.1 million of profit participation, before minority interest of approximately $5.6 million.
This profit participation has been recorded as income from other real estate investments and is reflected in Income from discontinued operating properties in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Income.
Net income for the year ended December 31, 2008, was $249.9 million or $0.78 on a diluted per share basis as compared to $442.8 million or $1.65 on a diluted per share basis for the corresponding period in 2007.
This change is primarily attributable to (i) the recognition of non-cash impairment charges aggregating approximately $121.5 million, net of income tax benefit, resulting from continuing declines in the equity securities and real estate markets, (ii) recognition of an extraordinary gain of approximately $50.3 million, net of income tax, in 2007, relating to the Albertson’s joint venture, (iii) a reduction of Equity in income of real estate joint ventures of approximately $41.2 million, primarily due to a decrease in profit participation and gain on sales of operating properties during 2008 as compared to 2007, (iv) a decrease in the reduction of NOL valuation allowance and the recording of a provision from equity in income recognized during 2008 in connection with the Albertson’s investment, partially offset by (v) an increase in revenues from rental properties primarily due to acquisitions of operating properties during 2008 and 2007.
Comparison 2007 to 2006
## Table 1 ##
(1) Revenues from rental property increased primarily from the combined effect of (i) the acquisition of operating properties during 2007 and 2006, providing incremental revenues of approximately $85.5 million, (ii) an overall occupancy increase from the consolidated shopping center portfolio to 95.9% at December 31, 2007, as compared to 95.1% at December 31, 2006, due to growth in rental rates from renewing expiring leases, the completion of certain redevelopment and development projects and tenant buyouts providing incremental revenues of approximately $14.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2007, as compared to the corresponding period in 2006, offset by (iii) a decrease in revenues of approximately $6.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2007, as compared to the corresponding period in 2006, resulting from the transfer of operating properties to various unconsolidated joint venture entities, and the sale of certain properties during 2007 and 2006.
(2) Rental property expenses increased primarily due to operating property acquisitions during 2007 and 2006, which were partially offset by operating property dispositions including those transferred to various joint venture entities.
Item 15.
Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules.
(continued) Kinder Morgan, Inc.  Form 10-K 189 of $13.5 million from crude oil hedges that resulted from hedge ineffectiveness and amounts excluded from effectiveness testing.
Additionally, during each of the two years ended December 31, 2010 and 2009, we reclassified losses of $21.2 million and gains of $39.4 million, respectively, from “Accumulated other comprehensive loss” balance into earnings.
No material amounts were reclassified into earnings as a result of the discontinuance of cash flow hedges because it was probable that the original forecasted transactions would no longer occur by the end of the originally specified time period or within an additional two-month period of time thereafter, but rather were reclassified as a result of the hedged forecasted transactions actually affecting earnings (i. e.  when the forecasted sales and purchase actually occurred).
The proceeds or payments resulting from the settlement of cash flow hedges are reflected in the operating section of our statement of cash flows as changes to net income and working capital.
The “Accumulated other comprehensive loss” balance included in our Members’ Equity was $136.5 million as of December 31, 2010, and $167.9 million as of December 31, 2009.
These totals included “Accumulated other comprehensive loss” amounts associated with energy commodity price risk management activities of $93.3 million of losses as of December 31, 2010 and $95.7 million of losses as of December 31, 2009.
Approximately $67.3 million of the total loss amount associated with energy commodity price risk management activities and included in our Members’ Equity as of December 31, 2010 is expected to be reclassified into earnings during the next year (when the associated forecasted sales and purchases are also expected to occur).
As of December 31, 2010, the maximum length of time over which we have hedged our exposure to the variability in future cash flows associated with energy commodity price risk is through December 2015.
As of December 31, 2010, KMP had entered into the following outstanding commodity forward contracts to hedge its forecasted energy commodity purchases and sales:
## Table 2 ##
For derivative contracts that are not designated as a hedge for accounting purposes, all realized and unrealized gains and losses are recognized in the statement of income during the current period.
These types of transactions include basis spreads, basis-only positions and gas daily swap positions.
KMP primarily enters into these positions to economically hedge an exposure through a relationship that does not qualify for hedge accounting.
Until settlement occurs, this will result in non-cash gains or losses being reported in our operating results associated with KMP.
Interest Rate Risk Management In order to maintain a cost effective capital structure, it is our policy to borrow funds using a mix of fixed rate debt and variable rate debt.
Interest rate swap agreements are used to manage the interest rate risk associated with the fair value of fixed rate borrowings and to effectively convert a portion of the underlying cash flows related to the long-term fixed rate debt securities into variable rate cash flows in order to achieve our desired mix of fixed and variable rate debt.
Since the fair value of fixed rate debt varies inversely with changes in the market rate of interest, swap agreements are entered into to receive a fixed and pay a variable rate of interest in order to convert the interest expense associated with certain of our subsidiaries’ senior notes from fixed rates to variable rates, resulting in future cash flows that vary with the market rate of interest.
These swaps, therefore, hedge against changes in the fair value of the fixed rate debt included in our accompanying balance sheets that result from market interest rate changes.
For derivative contracts that are designated and qualify as a fair value hedge, the gain or loss on the derivative as well as the offsetting loss or gain on the hedged item attributable to the hedged risk are recognized in current earnings.
As of December 31, 2010, Kinder Morgan Kansas, Inc.  and its subsidiary, KMP, had a notional principal amount of $725 million and $4,775 million, respectively, and as of December 31, 2009, $725 million and $5,200 million, respectively, of fixed-to-variable interest rate swap agreements, effectively converting the interest expense associated with certain senior notes from fixed rates to variable rates based on an interest rate of LIBOR plus a spread.
All of Kinder Morgan Kansas, Inc. ’s and KMP’s swap agreements have termination dates that correspond to the maturity dates of the
Other.
The aggregate purchase price of these other 2008 acquisitions was approximately $610 million.
None of these acquisitions were material to our consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2008.2007 Acquisitions The Houston Transaction In July 2006, we initiated the dissolution of Texas and Kansas City Cable Partners (the “Houston transaction”), our 50%-50% cable system partnership with Time Warner Cable.
On January 1, 2007, the distribution of assets by Texas and Kansas City Cable Partners was completed and we received the cable system serving Houston, Texas (the “Houston asset pool”) and Time Warner Cable received the cable systems serving Kansas City, south and west Texas, and New Mexico (the “Kansas City asset pool”).
We accounted for the distribution of assets by Texas and Kansas City Cable Partners as a sale of our 50% interest in the Kansas City asset pool in exchange for acquiring an additional 50% interest in the Houston asset pool.
This transaction resulted in an increase of approximately 700,000 video customers.
The estimated fair value of the 50% interest of the Houston asset pool we received was approximately $1.1 billion and resulted in a pretax gain of approximately $500 million, which is included in other income (expense).
We recorded our 50% interest in the Houston asset pool as a step acquisition in accordance with SFAS No.141.
The results of operations for the cable systems acquired in the Houston transaction have been reported in our Cable segment since August 1, 2006 and in our consolidated financial statements since January 1, 2007 (the date of the distribution of assets).
The weighted-average amortization period of the franchise-related customer relationship intangible assets acquired was 7 years.
As a result of the Houston transaction, we reversed deferred tax liabilities of approximately $200 million, which were primarily related to the excess of tax basis of the assets acquired over the tax basis of the assets exchanged, and reduced the amount of goodwill that would have otherwise been recorded in the acquisition.
Substantially all of the goodwill recorded is expected to be amortizable for tax purposes.
The table below presents the purchase price allocation to assets acquired and liabilities assumed as a result of the Houston transaction.
## Table 3 ##
Other 2007 Acquisitions In April 2007, we acquired Fandango, an online entertainment site and movie-ticket service.
The results of operations of Fandango have been included in our consolidated financial statements since the acquisition date and are reported in Corporate and Other.
In June 2007, we acquired Rainbow Media Holdings LLC’s 60% interest in Comcast SportsNet Bay Area (formerly known as Bay Area SportsNet) and its 50% interest in Comcast SportsNet New England (formerly known as Sports Channel New England), expanding our regional sports networks.
The completion of this transaction resulted in our 100% ownership in Comcast SportsNet New England and 60% ownership in Comcast SportsNet Bay Area.
In August 2007, we acquired the cable system of Patriot Media serving approximately 81,000 video customers in central New Jersey.
The results of operations of Patriot Media, Comcast SportsNet Bay Area and Comcast SportsNet New England have been included in our consolidated financial statements since their acquisition dates and are reported in our Cable segment.
The aggregate purchase price of these other 2007 acquisitions was approximately $1.288 billion.
None of these acquisitions were material to our consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2007.2006 Acquisitions The Adelphia and Time Warner Transactions In April 2005, we entered into an agreement with Adelphia Communications (“Adelphia”) in which we agreed to acquire certain assets and assume certain liabilities of Adelphia (the “Adelphia acquisition”).
At the same time, we and Time Warner Cable Inc.  and certain of its affiliates (“TWC”) entered into several agreements in which we agreed to (i) have our interest in Time Warner Entertainment Company, L. P.  (“TWE”) redeemed, (ii) have our interest in TWC redeemed (together with the TWE redemption, the “redemptions”) and (iii) exchange certain cable systems acquired from Adelphia and certain Comcast cable systems with TWC (the “exchanges”).
On July 31, 2006, these transactions were completed.
We collectively refer to the Adelphia acquisition, the redemptions and the exchanges as the “Adelphia and Time Warner transactions.
” Also in April 2005, Adelphia and TWC entered into an agreement for the acquisition of substantially all of the remaining cable system assets and the assumption of certain of the liabilities of Adelphia.
The Adelphia and Time Warner transactions resulted in a net increase of 1.7 million video customers, a net cash payment by us of approximately $1.5 billion and the disposition of our ownership interests in TWE and TWC and the assets of two cable system partnerships.
STATE STREET CORPORATION NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS weighted-average life of approximately 4.6 years as of December 31, 2017, compared to 4.5 years as of December 31, 2016.
These trusts are hedged with interest rate swap contracts of similar maturity, repricing frequency and fixed-rate coupons.
The interest rate swap contracts convert the interest income from a fixed rate to a floating rate indexed to LIBOR, thereby mitigating our exposure to fluctuations in the fair value of the securities attributable to changes in the benchmark interest rate.
We have entered into interest rate swap agreements to modify our interest expense on eight senior notes and one subordinated note from fixed rates to floating rates.
The senior and subordinated notes are hedged with interest rate swap contracts with notional amounts, maturities and fixed-rate coupon terms that effectively hedge the fixed-rate notes.
The interest rate swap contracts convert the fixed-rate coupons to floating rates indexed to LIBOR, thereby mitigating our exposure to fluctuations in the fair values of the senior and subordinated notes stemming from changes in the benchmark interest rates.
The table below summarizes the maturities and the paid fixed interest rates for the hedged senior and subordinated notes:
## Table 4 ##
We have entered into foreign exchange swap contracts to hedge the change in fair value attributable to foreign exchange movements in our foreign currency denominated investment securities and deposits.
These forward contracts convert the foreign currency risk to U. S.  dollars, thereby mitigating our exposure to fluctuations in the fair value of the securities and deposits attributable to changes in foreign exchange rates.
Generally, no ineffectiveness is recorded in earnings, since the notional amount of the hedging instruments is aligned with the carrying value of the hedged securities and deposits.
The forward points on the hedging instruments are considered to be a hedging cost, and accordingly are excluded from the evaluation of hedge effectiveness and recorded in NII.
Changes in the fair value of a derivative that are highly effective, and that are designated and qualify as a foreign currency hedge, are recorded in processing fees and other revenue.
Cash Flow Hedges Derivatives categorized as cash flow hedges are utilized to offset the variability of cash flows to be received from or paid on a floating-rate asset or liability.
Ineffectiveness of cash flow hedges is defined as the extent to which the changes in fair value of the derivative exceed the changes in the present value of the forecasted cash flows attributable to the forecasted transaction.
We have entered into foreign exchange contracts to hedge the change in cash flows attributable to foreign exchange movements in foreign currency denominated investment securities.
These foreign exchange contracts convert the foreign currency risk to U. S.  dollars, thereby mitigating our exposure to fluctuations in the cash flows of the securities attributable to changes in foreign exchange rates.
Generally, no ineffectiveness is recorded in earnings, since the critical terms of the hedging instruments and the hedged securities are aligned.
Changes in the fair value of the derivative that are highly effective, and that are designated and qualify as a foreign currency hedge, are recorded in other comprehensive income.
We have entered into an interest rate swap agreement to hedge the forecasted cash flows associated with LIBOR-indexed floating-rate loans.
The interest rate swaps synthetically convert the loan interest receipts from a variable-rate to a fixed-rate, thereby mitigating the risk attributable to changes in the LIBOR benchmark rate.
As of December 31, 2017, the maximum maturity date of the underlying loans is approximately 4.9 years.
Net Investment Hedges We have entered into foreign exchange contracts to protect the net investment in our foreign operations against adverse changes in exchange rates.
These forward contracts convert the foreign currency risk to U. S.  dollars, thereby mitigating our exposure to fluctuations in the fair value of our net investments in our foreign operations attributable to changes in foreign exchange rates.
The changes in fair value of the foreign exchange forward contracts are recorded, net of taxes, in the foreign currency translation component of other comprehensive income.
Effectiveness of net investment hedges is based on the overall changes in the fair value of the forward contracts and we measure the ineffectiveness of net investment hedge based on changes in forward foreign currency rates.
There was no ineffectiveness for our net investment hedge during 2017.
STATE STREET CORPORATION NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
## Table 5 ##
(1) In 2017, 2016 and 2015, $22 million, $23 million and $12 million, respectively, of net unrealized gains on AFS investment securities designated in fair value hedges were recognized in OCI.
Differences between the gains (losses) on the derivative and the gains (losses) on the hedged item, excluding any amounts recorded in NII, represent hedge ineffectiveness.
## Table 6 ##

<table><tr><td></td><td colspan="3">2015</td><td colspan="3">2014</td><td colspan="3">2013</td></tr><tr><td>$ in billions</td><td>Total AUM</td><td>Active</td><td>Passive</td><td>Total AUM</td><td>Active</td><td>Passive</td><td>Total AUM</td><td>Active</td><td>Passive</td></tr><tr><td>January 1</td><td>792.4</td><td>651.0</td><td>141.4</td><td>778.7</td><td>639.0</td><td>139.7</td><td>667.4</td><td>553.4</td><td>114.0</td></tr><tr><td>Long-term inflows</td><td>189.1</td><td>153.6</td><td>35.5</td><td>183.1</td><td>150.3</td><td>32.8</td><td>179.6</td><td>137.0</td><td>42.6</td></tr><tr><td>Long-term outflows</td><td>-172.9</td><td>-139.5</td><td>-33.4</td><td>-175.0</td><td>-148.2</td><td>-26.8</td><td>-157.9</td><td>-123.9</td><td>-34.0</td></tr><tr><td>Long-term net flows</td><td>16.2</td><td>14.1</td><td>2.1</td><td>8.1</td><td>2.1</td><td>6.0</td><td>21.7</td><td>13.1</td><td>8.6</td></tr><tr><td>Net flows in Invesco Powershares QQQ fund</td><td>-1.8</td><td>—</td><td>-1.8</td><td>-10.7</td><td>—</td><td>-10.7</td><td>3.7</td><td>—</td><td>3.7</td></tr><tr><td>Net flows in institutional money market funds</td><td>-11.9</td><td>-12.3</td><td>0.4</td><td>-5.8</td><td>-5.8</td><td>—</td><td>9.0</td><td>9.0</td><td>—</td></tr><tr><td>Total net flows</td><td>2.5</td><td>1.8</td><td>0.7</td><td>-8.4</td><td>-3.7</td><td>-4.7</td><td>34.4</td><td>22.1</td><td>12.3</td></tr><tr><td>Market gains and losses/reinvestment</td><td>-2.6</td><td>-0.3</td><td>-2.3</td><td>34.7</td><td>27.9</td><td>6.8</td><td>78.8</td><td>64.5</td><td>14.3</td></tr><tr><td>Acquisitions/dispositions, net<sup>-4</sup></td><td>-0.7</td><td>—</td><td>-0.7</td><td>—</td><td>—</td><td>—</td><td>—</td><td>—</td><td>—</td></tr><tr><td>Foreign currency translation</td><td>-16.0</td><td>-16.0</td><td>—</td><td>-12.6</td><td>-12.2</td><td>-0.4</td><td>-1.9</td><td>-1.0</td><td>-0.9</td></tr><tr><td>December 31</td><td>775.6</td><td>636.5</td><td>139.1</td><td>792.4</td><td>651.0</td><td>141.4</td><td>778.7</td><td>639.0</td><td>139.7</td></tr><tr><td>Average AUM</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Average long-term AUM</td><td>688.7</td><td>587.5</td><td>101.2</td><td>673.5</td><td>574.4</td><td>99.1</td><td>613.7</td><td>523.3</td><td>90.4</td></tr><tr><td>Average AUM</td><td>794.7</td><td>653.6</td><td>141.1</td><td>790.3</td><td>647.5</td><td>142.8</td><td>725.6</td><td>598.9</td><td>126.7</td></tr><tr><td>Revenue yield</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Gross revenue yield on AUM<sup>-2</sup></td><td>65.0</td><td>75.9</td><td>14.5</td><td>65.5</td><td>77.2</td><td>13.0</td><td>64.4</td><td>75.6</td><td>11.6</td></tr><tr><td>Gross revenue yield on AUM before performance fees<sup>-2</sup></td><td>63.9</td><td>74.6</td><td>14.5</td><td>64.8</td><td>76.3</td><td>13.0</td><td>63.6</td><td>74.7</td><td>11.6</td></tr><tr><td>Net revenue yield on AUM<sup>-3</sup></td><td>45.8</td><td>52.6</td><td>14.5</td><td>45.7</td><td>52.9</td><td>13.0</td><td>44.8</td><td>51.8</td><td>11.6</td></tr><tr><td>Net revenue yield on AUM before performance fees<sup>-3</sup></td><td>44.6</td><td>51.0</td><td>14.5</td><td>44.8</td><td>51.8</td><td>13.0</td><td>43.9</td><td>50.7</td><td>11.6</td></tr></table>
<table><tr><td></td><td>2007 (all amounts in millions)</td><td>2006</td><td>Increase/ (Decrease)</td><td>% change</td></tr><tr><td>Revenues from rental property -1</td><td>$674.5</td><td>$580.6</td><td>$93.9</td><td>16.2%</td></tr><tr><td>Rental property expenses: -2</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Rent</td><td>$12.1</td><td>$11.5</td><td>$0.6</td><td>5.2%</td></tr><tr><td>Real estate taxes</td><td>82.5</td><td>73.6</td><td>8.9</td><td>12.1%</td></tr><tr><td>Operating and maintenance</td><td>89.1</td><td>72.0</td><td>17.1</td><td>23.8%</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>$183.7</td><td>$157.1</td><td>$26.6</td><td>16.9%</td></tr><tr><td>Depreciation and amortization -3</td><td>$188.1</td><td>$137.8</td><td>$50.3</td><td>36.5%</td></tr></table>
<table><tr><td></td><td colspan="2">Net open position long/(short)</td></tr><tr><td>Derivatives designated as hedging contracts</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Crude oil</td><td>-23.2</td><td>million barrels</td></tr><tr><td>Natural gas fixed price</td><td>-19.0</td><td>billion cubic feet</td></tr><tr><td>Natural gas basis</td><td>-13.9</td><td>billion cubic feet</td></tr><tr><td>Derivatives not designated as hedging contracts</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Natural gas basis</td><td>0.5</td><td>billion cubic feet</td></tr></table>
<table><tr><td>Property and equipment</td><td>$870</td></tr><tr><td>Franchise-related customer relationships</td><td>266</td></tr><tr><td>Cable franchise rights</td><td>1,954</td></tr><tr><td>Goodwill</td><td>426</td></tr><tr><td>Other assets</td><td>267</td></tr><tr><td>Total liabilities</td><td>-73</td></tr><tr><td>Net assets acquired</td><td>$3,710</td></tr></table>
<table><tr><td>December 31, 2017</td><td>Maturity</td><td>Paid Fixed Interest Rate</td></tr><tr><td>Senior Notes</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td>2020</td><td>2.55%</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>2021</td><td>4.38</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>2021</td><td>1.95</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>2022</td><td>2.65</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>2023</td><td>3.70</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>2024</td><td>3.30</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>2025</td><td>3.55</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>2026</td><td>2.65</td></tr><tr><td>Subordinated Notes</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td>2023</td><td>3.10</td></tr></table>
<table><tr><td></td><td>Location of Gain (Loss) on Derivative in Consolidated Statement of Income</td><td colspan="3">Amount of Gain(Loss) on DerivativeRecognized inConsolidatedStatement of Income Years Ended December 31,</td><td>Hedged Item in Fair Value Hedging Relationship</td><td>Location of Gain (Loss) on Hedged Item in Consolidated Statement of Income</td><td colspan="3">Amount of Gain(Loss) on HedgedItem Recognized inConsolidatedStatement of Income Years Ended December 31,</td></tr><tr><td>(In millions)</td><td></td><td>2017</td><td>2016</td><td>2015</td><td></td><td></td><td>2017</td><td>2016</td><td>2015</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3">Derivatives designated as fair value hedges:</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Foreign exchange contracts</td><td>Processing fees andother revenue</td><td>$18</td><td>$-6</td><td>$-101</td><td>Investment securities</td><td>Processing fees andother revenue</td><td>$-18</td><td>$6</td><td>$101</td></tr><tr><td>Foreign exchange contracts</td><td>Processing fees and other revenue</td><td>626</td><td>221</td><td>-241</td><td>FX deposit</td><td>Processing fees and other revenue</td><td>-626</td><td>-221</td><td>241</td></tr><tr><td>Interest-rate contracts</td><td>Processing fees andother revenue</td><td>39</td><td>43</td><td>16</td><td>Available-for-sale securities</td><td>Processing fees andother revenue<sup>-1</sup></td><td>-37</td><td>-40</td><td>-17</td></tr><tr><td>Interest-rate contracts</td><td>Processing fees andother revenue</td><td>-38</td><td>-98</td><td>61</td><td>Long-term debt</td><td>Processing fees andother revenue</td><td>39</td><td>100</td><td>-54</td></tr><tr><td>Total</td><td></td><td>$645</td><td>$160</td><td>$-265</td><td></td><td></td><td>$-642</td><td>$-155</td><td>$271</td></tr></table>
<table><tr><td></td><td colspan="3">Amount of Gain(Loss) on DerivativeRecognized in OtherComprehensiveIncome Years Ended December 31,</td><td>Location of Gain (Loss) Reclassified from OCI to Consolidated Statement of Income</td><td colspan="3">Amount of Gain(Loss) Reclassifiedfrom OCI toConsolidatedStatement of Income Years Ended December 31,</td><td>Location of Gain (Loss) on Derivative Recognized in Consolidated Statement of Income</td><td colspan="3">Amount of Gain(Loss) on DerivativeRecognized inConsolidatedStatement of Income Years Ended December 31,</td></tr><tr><td>(In millions)</td><td>2017</td><td>2016</td><td>2015</td><td></td><td>2017</td><td>2016</td><td>2015</td><td></td><td>2017</td><td>2016</td><td>2015</td></tr><tr><td>Derivatives designated as cash flow hedges:</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Interest-rate contracts</td><td>$-14</td><td>$—</td><td>$—</td><td>Net interest income</td><td>$—</td><td>$—</td><td>$-4</td><td>Net interest income</td><td>$2</td><td>$—</td><td>$—</td></tr><tr><td>Foreign exchange contracts</td><td>-104</td><td>-39</td><td>55</td><td>Net interest income</td><td>—</td><td>—</td><td>—</td><td>Net interest income</td><td>24</td><td>24</td><td>10</td></tr><tr><td>Total</td><td>$-118</td><td>$-39</td><td>$55</td><td></td><td>$—</td><td>$—</td><td>$-4</td><td></td><td>$26</td><td>$24</td><td>$10</td></tr><tr><td>Derivatives designated as net investment hedges:</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Foreign exchange contracts</td><td>$-160</td><td>$109</td><td>$—</td><td>Gains (Losses) related to investment securities, net</td><td>$—</td><td>$—</td><td>$—</td><td>Gains (Losses) related to investment securities, net</td><td>$—</td><td>$—</td><td>$—</td></tr><tr><td>Total</td><td>$-160</td><td>$109</td><td>$—</td><td></td><td>$—</td><td>$—</td><td>$—</td><td></td><td>$—</td><td>$—</td><td>$—</td></tr></table>

Question: Which year is Long-term net flows of Total AUM the lowest?