DISH NETWORK CORPORATION NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - Continued F-32 Future minimum lease payments under the capital lease obligation, together with the present value of the net minimum lease payments as of December 31, 2010 are as follows (in thousands): For the Years Ended December 31,
## Table 0 ##
The summary of future maturities of our outstanding long-term debt as of December 31, 2010 is included in the commitments table in Note 14.10.
Income Taxes and Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes Income Taxes Our income tax policy is to record the estimated future tax effects of temporary differences between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and amounts reported on our Consolidated Balance Sheets, as well as probable operating loss, tax credit and other carryforwards.
Deferred tax assets are offset by valuation allowances when we believe it is more likely than not that net deferred tax assets will not be realized.
We periodically evaluate our need for a valuation allowance.
Determining necessary valuation allowances requires us to make assessments about historical financial information as well as the timing of future events, including the probability of expected future taxable income and available tax planning opportunities.
As of December 31, 2010, we had no net operating loss carryforwards (“NOLs”) for federal income tax purposes and $13 million of NOL benefit for state income tax purposes.
The state NOLs begin to expire in the year 2020.
In addition, there are $11 million of tax benefits related to credit carryforwards which are partially offset by a valuation allowance and $42 million of capital loss carryforwards which were fully offset by a valuation allowance.
The credit carryforwards begin to expire in the year 2011.
Item 7.
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS - Continued 58 58 The following table reconciles free cash flow to “Net cash flows from operating activities.
”
## Table 1 ##
The decrease in free cash flow from 2009 to 2010 of $234 million resulted from a decrease in “Net cash flows from operating activities” of $55 million or 2.5% and an increase in “Purchases of property and equipment” of $179 million or 17.3%.
The decrease in “Net cash flows from operating activities” was primarily attributable to a $605 million decrease in cash resulting from changes in operating assets and liabilities, partially offset by a $543 million increase in net income, adjusted to exclude non-cash changes in “Deferred tax expense (benefit),” “Realized and unrealized losses (gains) on investments,” and “Depreciation and amortization” expense.
The decrease in cash resulting from changes in operating assets and liabilities is principally attributable to the increase in inventory and timing differences between book expense and cash payments, primarily related to income taxes and litigation expense.
The increase in “Purchases of property and equipment” in 2010 was primarily attributable to the assignment of certain rights under a launch contract for EchoStar XV and an increase in expenditures for equipment under our lease program for new subscribers.
The increase in free cash flow from 2008 to 2009 of $99 million resulted from an increase in “Net cash flows from operating activities” of $6 million or 0.3% and a decrease in “Purchases of property and equipment” of $93 million or 8.2%.
The increase in “Net cash flows from operating activities” was primarily attributable to an $877 million increase in cash resulting from changes in operating assets and liabilities, partially offset by a $871 million decrease in net income, adjusted to exclude non-cash changes in “Depreciation and amortization” expense, “Realized and unrealized losses (gains) on investments,” and “Deferred tax expense (benefit).
” The increase in cash resulting from changes in operating assets and liabilities primarily relates to timing differences between book expense and cash payments, including a $361 million increase in the litigation accrual and a $386 million increase in cash flow related to working capital changes and other long-term operating assets.
The decrease in “Purchases of property and equipment” in 2009 was primarily attributable to a decline in expenditures for satellite construction, and equipment under our lease program for existing subscribers, partially offset by increased spending for equipment under our lease program for new subscribers.
Cash flows from operating activities.
We typically reinvest the cash flow from operating activities in our business primarily to grow our subscriber base and to expand our infrastructure.
For the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008, we reported net cash flows from operating activities of $2.140 billion, $2.195 billion, and $2.188 billion, respectively.
See discussion of changes in net cash flows from operating activities included in “Free cash flow” above.
Cash flows from investing activities.
Our investing activities generally include purchases and sales of marketable investment securities, strategic investments and cash used to grow our subscriber base and expand our infrastructure.
For the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008, we reported net cash outflows from investing activities of $1.478 billion, $2.606 billion and $1.597 billion, respectively.
During the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008, capital expenditures for new and existing customer equipment totaled $942 million, $876 million and $920 million, respectively.
The decrease in net cash outflows from investing activities from 2009 to 2010 of $1.128 billion primarily resulted from a net decrease in purchases of marketable investment securities, partially offset by an increase in capital expenditures including the assignment of certain rights under a launch contract from EchoStar.
The increase in net cash outflows from investing activities from 2008 to 2009 of $1.008 billion primarily resulted from a net increase in purchases of marketable investment securities, a decrease in proceeds from the sale of investments and an increase in cash used for the purchases of strategic investments.
The overall net increases were partially offset by cash used for purchases of FCC licenses during 2008 and a decrease in cash used for purchases of property and equipment during 2009 compared to 2008.
DISH NETWORK CORPORATION NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - Continued F-26 In the event of a failure or loss of any of our satellites, we may need to acquire or lease additional satellite capacity or relocate one of our other satellites and use it as a replacement for the failed or lost satellite.
Such a failure could result in a prolonged loss of critical programming or a significant delay in our plans to expand programming as necessary to remain competitive and thus may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Prior to 2013, certain of our satellites have experienced anomalies, some of which have had a significant adverse impact on their remaining useful life and/or commercial operation.
There can be no assurance that future anomalies will not impact the remaining useful life and/or commercial operation of any of the satellites in our fleet.
See Note 2 “Long-Lived Assets” for further discussion of evaluation of impairment.
There can be no assurance that we can recover critical transmission capacity in the event one or more of our in-orbit satellites were to fail.
We generally do not carry commercial insurance for any of the in-orbit satellites that we use, other than certain satellites leased from third parties, and therefore, we will bear the risk associated with any uninsured in-orbit satellite failures.
Recent developments with respect to certain of our satellites are discussed below.
Leased Satellites EchoStar XII.
Prior to 2010, EchoStar XII experienced anomalies resulting in the loss of electrical power available from its solar arrays, which reduced the number of transponders that could be operated.
In September 2012, November 2012, and January 2013, EchoStar XII experienced additional solar array anomalies, which further reduced the electrical power available.
During the third quarter 2013, EchoStar informed us that EchoStar XII will likely experience further loss of available electrical power that will impact its operational capability, and EchoStar reduced the remaining estimated useful life of the satellite to 18 months.
Pursuant to our satellite lease agreement with EchoStar, we are entitled to a reduction in our monthly recurring lease payments in the event of a partial loss of satellite capacity or complete failure of the satellite.
Since the number of useable transponders on EchoStar XII depends on, among other things, whether EchoStar XII is operated in CONUS which provides service to the continental United States, spot beam, or hybrid CONUS/spot beam mode, we are unable to determine at this time the actual number of transponders that will be available at any given time or how many transponders can be used during the remaining estimated life of the satellite.
This satellite is currently not in service and serves as an in-orbit spare.
FCC Authorizations As of December 31, 2013 and 2012, our FCC Authorizations consisted of the following:
## Table 2 ##
In 2008, we acquired certain 700 MHz wireless spectrum licenses, which were granted to us by the FCC in February 2009.
In addition, on March 9, 2012, we completed the DBSD Transaction and the TerreStar Transaction, pursuant to which we acquired the AWS-4 licenses held by DBSD North America and TerreStar.
These licenses are subject to certain interim and final build-out requirements.
Stock Repurchases Our Board of Directors previously authorized stock repurchases of up to $1.0 billion of our outstanding Class A common stock through and including December 31, 2016.
On November 2, 2016, our Board of Directors extended this authorization such that we are currently authorized to repurchase up to $1.0 billion of our outstanding Class A common stock through and including December 31, 2017.
As of December 31, 2016, we may repurchase up to $1.0 billion of our Class A common stock under this program.
During the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, there were no repurchases of our Class A common stock.
Covenants and Restrictions Related to our Long-Term Debt We are subject to the covenants and restrictions set forth in the indentures related to our long-term debt.
In particular, the indentures related to our outstanding senior notes issued by DISH DBS Corporation (“DISH DBS”) contain restrictive covenants that, among other things, impose limitations on the ability of DISH DBS and its restricted subsidiaries to: (i) incur additional indebtedness; (ii) enter into sale and leaseback transactions; (iii) pay dividends or make distributions on DISH DBS’ capital stock or repurchase DISH DBS’ capital stock; (iv) make certain investments; (v) create liens; (vi) enter into certain transactions with affiliates; (vii) merge or consolidate with another company; and (viii) transfer or sell assets.
Should we fail to comply with these covenants, all or a portion of the debt under the senior notes and our other long-term debt could become immediately payable.
The senior notes also provide that the debt may be required to be prepaid if certain change-in-control events occur.
In addition, the Convertible Notes due 2026 provide that, if a “fundamental change” (as defined in the related indenture) occurs, holders may require us to repurchase for cash all or part of their Convertible Notes due 2026.
As of the date of filing of this Annual Report on Form 10-K, we and DISH DBS were in compliance with the covenants and restrictions related to our respective long-term debt.
Other We are also vulnerable to fraud, particularly in the acquisition of new subscribers.
While we are addressing the impact of subscriber fraud through a number of actions, there can be no assurance that we will not continue to experience fraud, which could impact our subscriber growth and churn.
Economic weakness may create greater incentive for signal theft, piracy and subscriber fraud, which could lead to higher subscriber churn and reduced revenue.
Obligations and Future Capital Requirements Contractual Obligations and Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements As of December 31, 2016, future maturities of our long-term debt, capital lease and contractual obligations are summarized as follows:
## Table 3 ##
In certain circumstances the dates on which we are obligated to make these payments could be delayed.
These amounts will increase to the extent that we procure launch and/or in-orbit insurance on our satellites or contract for the construction, launch or lease of additional satellites.

<table><tr><td>2011</td><td>$82,184</td></tr><tr><td>2012</td><td>77,110</td></tr><tr><td>2013</td><td>75,970</td></tr><tr><td>2014</td><td>75,970</td></tr><tr><td>2015</td><td>75,970</td></tr><tr><td>Thereafter</td><td>390,239</td></tr><tr><td>Total minimum lease payments</td><td>777,443</td></tr><tr><td>Less: Amount representing lease of the orbital location and estimated executory costs (primarily insurance and maintenance) including profit thereon, included in total minimum lease payments</td><td>-357,982</td></tr><tr><td>Net minimum lease payments</td><td>419,461</td></tr><tr><td>Less: Amount representing interest</td><td>-132,490</td></tr><tr><td>Present value of net minimum lease payments</td><td>286,971</td></tr><tr><td>Less: Current portion</td><td>-24,801</td></tr><tr><td>Long-term portion of capital lease obligations</td><td>$262,170</td></tr></table>
<table><tr><td> </td><td colspan="3"> For the Years Ended December 31,</td></tr><tr><td> </td><td> 2010</td><td> 2009</td><td> 2008</td></tr><tr><td> </td><td colspan="3"> (In thousands)</td></tr><tr><td>Free cash flow</td><td>$923,670</td><td>$1,157,353</td><td>$1,058,454</td></tr><tr><td>Add back:</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Purchases of property and equipment</td><td>1,216,132</td><td>1,037,190</td><td>1,129,890</td></tr><tr><td>Net cash flows from operating activities</td><td>$2,139,802</td><td>$2,194,543</td><td>$2,188,344</td></tr></table>
<table><tr><td> </td><td colspan="2"> As of December 31,</td></tr><tr><td> </td><td> 2013</td><td> 2012</td></tr><tr><td> </td><td colspan="2"> (In thousands)</td></tr><tr><td>DBS Licenses</td><td>$611,794</td><td>$611,794</td></tr><tr><td>MVDDS</td><td>24,000</td><td>24,000</td></tr><tr><td>700 MHz Licenses</td><td>711,871</td><td>711,871</td></tr><tr><td>AWS Licenses</td><td>1,949,000</td><td>1,949,000</td></tr><tr><td> Total</td><td>$3,296,665</td><td>$3,296,665</td></tr></table>
<table><tr><td></td><td colspan="7">Payments due by period</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>Total</td><td>2017</td><td>2018</td><td>2019</td><td>2020</td><td>2021</td><td>Thereafter</td></tr><tr><td></td><td colspan="7">(In thousands)</td></tr><tr><td>Long-term debt obligations</td><td>$17,147,844</td><td>$904,168</td><td>$1,204,274</td><td>$1,404,385</td><td>$1,104,503</td><td>$2,004,626</td><td>$10,525,888</td></tr><tr><td>Capital lease obligations</td><td>136,146</td><td>33,412</td><td>36,260</td><td>19,503</td><td>19,137</td><td>20,615</td><td>7,219</td></tr><tr><td>Interest expense on long-term debt and capital lease obligations</td><td>6,013,072</td><td>983,130</td><td>903,456</td><td>875,684</td><td>736,096</td><td>639,190</td><td>1,875,516</td></tr><tr><td>Satellite-related obligations</td><td>1,615,590</td><td>382,348</td><td>348,617</td><td>301,102</td><td>241,371</td><td>208,196</td><td>133,956</td></tr><tr><td>Operating lease obligations</td><td>139,673</td><td>41,334</td><td>25,266</td><td>18,954</td><td>13,728</td><td>9,332</td><td>31,059</td></tr><tr><td>Purchase obligations</td><td>2,202,987</td><td>1,765,669</td><td>275,669</td><td>130,230</td><td>16,386</td><td>8,833</td><td>6,200</td></tr><tr><td>Total</td><td>$27,255,312</td><td>$4,110,061</td><td>$2,793,542</td><td>$2,749,858</td><td>$2,131,221</td><td>$2,890,792</td><td>$12,579,838</td></tr></table>

Question: What's the increasing rate of Long-term debt obligations in 2021?