Table:
control variables
no controls
property characteristics
owner characteristics

2017 dollars

vancouver - all properties

all property types
37,500
13,300
155,200

single detached
255,100
22,600
412,100

semi-detached
-126,400
-65,900
-22,300

row house
9,400
-19,200
56,800

condominium
19,800
11,000
60,900

2016 dollars

toronto - all properties

all property types
-70,300
-53,300
-22,500

single detached
-19,500
-52,300
41,600

semi-detached
-88,200
-36,900
-56,700

row house
-33,300
-35,400
-12,900

condominium
-52,400
-29,100
-23,500

Statement: after adjusting for size, age, and location, this negative gap is $52,300.
Question: how much lower average assessment value do immigrant owned, single-detached houses in toronto have than those owned by canadian-born residents after adjusting for size, age, and location?
Answer: [-52300.0]