Table:
between 1981 and 1988 landing cohorts
between 1988 and 1999 landing cohorts

all new immigrants
principal applicants in the economic class
all new immigrants
principal applicants in the economic class

2011 constant dollars

men

total change
-3,600
-4,700
-200
-1,700

changes caused by changes in characteristics
-3,700
-4,800
3,500
3,500

proportion

contributing factors

age at landing
-0.14
-0.40
0.03
0.03

immigration class
0.41
0.17
0.33
0.09

educational attainment at landing
-0.01
-0.14
0.69
1.21

source region
0.88
1.24
-0.21
-0.44

language
0.37
0.43
-0.10
-0.26

geographic distribution
-0.16
-0.13
-0.02
0.02

regional unemployment rate
-0.36
-0.17
0.06
0.10

pre-landing canadian work experience
..
..
0.22
0.24

2011 constant dollars

women

total change
2,600
4,800
-1,500
-1,000

changes caused by changes in characteristics
500
2,400
1,200
2,700

proportion

contributing factors

age at landing
0.32
0.24
0.02
0.00

immigration class
0.57
-0.01
-0.09
-0.07

educational attainment at landing
0.79
0.48
1.13
1.10

source region
-0.64
0.08
-0.24
-0.07

language
-1.01
0.10
-0.13
-0.12

geographic distribution
1.77
0.79
-0.10
-0.19

regional unemployment rate
-0.81
-0.68
0.05
0.00

pre-landing canadian work experience
..
..
0.35
0.35

Statement: rising educational attainment at landing of immigrant men was by far the most significant factor putting upward pressure on entry earnings.
Question: what is the most significant factor putting upward pressure on entry earnings for immigrant men?
Answer: educational attainment at landing