beginning of the prayer for the church universal, as " the glorious Zion, the mother of all chm^ches." " In -contents and diction it is the most important of the an- cient liturgies, and the fruitful mother of many, among which the litm-gies of St. Basil and St. Chrysostom must be separately named.^ It spread over the whole patriarchate of Antioch, ' Neale even supposes, as already obseiTed, that St. Paul quotes from the Litur- gia Jacobi, and not vice versa, especially in 1 Cor. ii. 9. " "Tn^p T^s fvBo^ov "ZiwVy rrjs fXTjrphs Tratroiv riou iKK\7]cria>v ' koX vTrep rrjs kuto. TTuaav TTjr o'lKOVfievTjp ayias (Xov Ka^oMKTJs Kol airoa-ToXiKrjs fKKXTjaias. The interces- sions for Jerusalem, and for the holy places which God glorified by the appearance of Christ and the outpouring of the Holy Ghost {virfp tuv ayluv aov tottoiv, o&s eSo'|- atras rri ^eo(pavfia rov Xpiarov aov, k.t.A.), appears in no other liturgy. ^ Neale arranges the Jerusalem family in three divisions, as follows : " 1. Sicilian S. James, as said in that island before the Saracen conquest, and partly assunilated to the Petrine Liturgy. 2. S. Cyril : where used imcertain, but assimilated to the Alexandrian fonn. 3. Striac S. James, the source of the largest nmnber of extant Liturgies. They are these: [1] Lesser S. James ; [2] S. Clement ; [3] S. Mark ; [4] 5. Dionysius ; [5] B. Xystus ; [6] S. Ignatius ; [7] S. Peter I. ; [8] 8. Peter II. ; [9] 8. Julius ; [10] S. John Evangelist; [11] 8. Basil ; [12] {8.) Diosco>-us ; [13] 8. John Chry- sostom I. ; [14] All Apostles; [15] 8. Marutas ; [16] 8. Emtathim ; [17] Philox- enus I. ; [18] Ifatthew the 87i^herd ; [19] James Baradwus ; [20] James of Botra ; [21] Jaines of Edessa ; [22] Moses Bar- Cephas ; [23] Thomas of Heraclea ; [24] Holy Doctors ; [25] Philoxenus IL ; [26] 8. John Chrysostom IL ; [27] AMU § 99. THE ORIENTAL LITTJKGIES. 529 even to Cyprus, Sicily, and Calabria, but was supplanted in the orthodox East, after the Mohammedan conquest, by the By- zantine liturgy. Only once in a year, on the 23d of October, the festival of St. James, it is yet used at Jerusalem and on some islands of Greece.^ The Sykiac liturgy of James is a free translation from the Greek ; it gives the Invocation of the Holy Spirit in a larger form, the other prayers in a shorter ; and it betrays a later date. It is the source of thirty-nine Monophysite liturgies, which are in use still among the schismatic Syrians or Jaco- bites." 3. The litirrgy of St. Maek, or the Alexandrian liturgy. This is ascribed to the well-known Evangelist, who was also, according to tradition, the founder of the church and catechetical school in the Egyptian capital. Such origin involves, of course, a shocking anachronism, since the liturgy contains the Kicaeno- Constantinojiolitan creed