a reproof of her premature haste." In the same way Tertullian, Origen, Basil the Great, and even Chrysostom, with all their high estimate of the mother of our Lord, ascribe virgo. Quemadmodum ilia virum quidem habens Adam, virgo tamen adhuc existens . . . inobediens facta, et sibi et univcrso geueri bumano causa facta est mortis : sic et Maria habens prsedestinatum virum, et tamen virgo obediens, et sibi et universo generi humano causa facia est salutis. . . . Sic autem et Evse inobedientije nodus solutionem accepit per obedientiam Marine. Quod enim alligavit virgo Eva per incredulitatem, hoc virgo Maria solvit per fidem." Comp. v. 19, § 1. Similar statements occur in Justin M. (Dial. c. Tryph. 100), Tertullian (De carne Christi, c. 17), Epiphanius (Haer. 78, 18), Ephr^m (0pp. ii. 318; iii. 607), Jerome (Ep. rsii. ad Eustoch. 21: "Mors per Evam, vita per Mariam"). Even St, Augustine carries this parallel between the first and second Eve as far as any of the fathers, in a sermon De Adam et Eva et sancta Maria, not heretofore quoted, pubUshed from Vatican Manuscripts in Angelo Mai's Nova Patrum BibUotheca, tom. i. Rom. 1852, pp. 1-4. Here, after a most exaggerated invective against woman (whom he calls latrociuium vitse, suavis mors, blanda percussio, interfectio lenis, pemicies delicata, malum libens, sapida jugulatio, omnium calamitas rerum — and all that in a sermon !), goes on thus to draw a contrast between Eve and Mary : " 0 mulier ista exsecranda, dum decepit! o iterum beata colenda, dum salvat! Plus enim contulit gratise, quam doloris. Licet ipsa docuerit mortem, ipsa tamen genuit dominum salvatorem. Inventa est ergo mors per mulierem, vita per virginem. . . . Ergo malum per feminam, immo et per feminam bonum : quia si per Evam cecidimus, magis stamus per Mariam : per Evam sumus servituti addicti, efifeti per Mariam liberi : Eva nobis sustulit diutumitatem, ffiternitatem nobis Maria condonavit : Eva nos damnari fecit per arboris pomum, absolvit Maria per arboris sacramentum, quia et Christus in ligno pependit ut fructus " (c. 3, pp. 2 and 3). And in conclusion : " Haec mater est humani generis, auctor ilia salutis. Eva nos educavit, roboravit et Maria: per Evam cotidie crescimus, regnamus in aeternimi per Mariam : per Evam deducti ad terram, ad coelum elevati per Mariam " (c. 4, p. 4). Comp. Aug. Sermo 232, c. 2. ' Adv. haer. v. cap. 19, § 1 : " Quemadmodum ilia [Eva] seducta est ut effugeret Deum ... sic base [Maria] suasa est obedire Deo, uti vlrginis Evce virgo Maria fieret advocata [probably a translation of a-vvrtyopos or 7rapa/cA.7jTos]. Et quemad- modum adstrictum est morti genus humanum per virginem, salvatur per virginem, iequa lance disposita, virginalis inobedientia per virginalem obedientiam." p 415 ^ Adv. haer. iii. cap. 16, § 7 (not. c. 18, as Gieseler, i. 2, p. 277, wrongly cited it): ". . . J)oviAn\is,repellusejiisintempestivamfestinationcm,6iii\t: ^ Quid mihi et tibi est mulier? ' " So even Chrysostom, Horn. 21