through which it passed on its trans- portation to Antioch, beside the grave of St. Babylas.^ The ' Sozom. H. E. iv. c. 28. ^ This Lucifer was an orthodox fanatic, who afterward himself fell into conflict with Athanasius in Alexandria, and formed a sect of his own, the Luciferians, on rigi^ principles of church purity. Comp. Socr. iii. 9 ; Sozom. iii. 15 ; and Walch, Ketzerhist., iii. 338 sqq. ^ Theodoret, H. E. lib. iii. 3. He highly applauds the magnanimous proposal of Meletius. * Sozom. vii. c. 10. The historian says that the singing of psalms on such occa- eions was quite contrary to Roman custom. 374 THIKD PERIOD. A.D. 311-590. Antiocliians engraved his likeness on their rings, their cups, and the walls of their bedrooms. So St. Chrysostom informs ns in his eloquent eulogy on Meletius.* Flavian was elected his successor, although Paulinus was still alive. This gave rise to fresh troubles, and excited the indignation of the bishop of Rome. Chrysostom labored for the reconciliation of Rome and Alexandria to Flavian. But the party of Paulinus, after his death in 389, elected Evagrius as successor (f 392), and the schism continued down to the year 413 or 415, when the bishop Alexander succeeded in reconciling the old orthodox remnant with the successor of Meletius. The two parties cele- brated their union by a splendid festival, and proceeded to- gether in one majestic stream to the church.^ Thus a long and tedious schism was brought to a close, and the chm'ch of Antioch was permitted at last to enjoy that peace which the Athanasian synod of Alexandria in 362 had desired for it in vain.^ ' Chrysostom says in the beghaning of this oration, that five years had elapsed since Meletius had gone to Jesus. He died in 381, consequently the oration must have been pronounced in 386 or 581. ^ Theodoret, H. E. 1. v. c. 35. Dr. J. H. Kurtz, in his large work on Church History (Handbuch der Kirchengesch. vol. i. part ii. § 181, p. 129) erroneously speaks of a resignation of Alexander, by which he, from love of peace, induced his congregation to acknowledge the Meletian bishop Flavian. But Flavian had died several years before (in 404), and Alexander was himself the second successor of Flavian, the profligate Porphyrins intervening. Theodoret knows nothing of a resignation. Kurtz must be used with considerable caution, as he is frequently in- accurate, and relies too much on secondary authorities. ^ See the Epist. Synodica Cone. Alex, in Mansi's Councils, torn. iii. p. 345 sqq. CHAPTEK YII. PDBLIC WOESHIP AJS'D KELIGIOUS CUSTOMS AND CEREMONIES. I, The ancient Lituegies : the Acts of Councils : and the ecclesiastical writers of the period. ■._ ,-^ n. The archaeological and liturgical works of Maete>t;, Mamachi, Bona, J MuEATOEi, Peucia, Asseman, Eexax-dot, BiNTERiii, and Stauden- meiee, of the Roman Catholic church ; and Bixgham, AuersTi, Siegel, ^C.1 ^ Alt, Piper, Neale, and Daxiel, of the Protestant. § Y4. The