ERR: Improve error message for cut with infinity in input and integer bins
State: closed

- [X] closes #24314
- [X] tests added / passed
- [X] passes `git diff upstream/master -u -- "*.py" | flake8 --diff`

Doesn't seem like a whatsnew entry is needed, since this is just changing the error message and not the actual behavior of `cut`.  Can add an entry if deemed appropriate.

Labels:
name: Reshaping
description: Concat, Merge/Join, Stack/Unstack, Explode
name: Error Reporting
description: Incorrect or improved errors from pandas

Comments:
Hello @jschendel! Thanks for submitting the PR.

 - There are no PEP8 issues in the file [`pandas/core/reshape/tile.py`](https://github.com/jschendel/pandas/blob/244a90b9c3192eb0f053745c1c8483991496c133/pandas/core/reshape/tile.py) !

 - There are no PEP8 issues in the file [`pandas/tests/reshape/test_cut.py`](https://github.com/jschendel/pandas/blob/244a90b9c3192eb0f053745c1c8483991496c133/pandas/tests/reshape/test_cut.py) !


# [Codecov](https://codecov.io/gh/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/24327?src=pr&el=h1) Report
> Merging [#24327](https://codecov.io/gh/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/24327?src=pr&el=desc) into [master](https://codecov.io/gh/pandas-dev/pandas/commit/216986d4691297d5cfec33b5c62be7890b9a54d7?src=pr&el=desc) will **increase** coverage by `<.01%`.
> The diff coverage is `100%`.

[![Impacted file tree graph](https://codecov.io/gh/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/24327/graphs/tree.svg?width=650&token=eZ4WkYLtcO&height=150&src=pr)](https://codecov.io/gh/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/24327?src=pr&el=tree)

```diff
@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##           master   #24327      +/-   ##
==========================================
+ Coverage   92.28%   92.28%   +<.01%     
==========================================
  Files         162      162              
  Lines       51831    51833       +2     
==========================================
+ Hits        47830    47832       +2     
  Misses       4001     4001
```

| Flag | Coverage Δ | |
|---|---|---|
| #multiple | `90.68% <100%> (ø)` | :arrow_up: |
| #single | `43% <0%> (-0.01%)` | :arrow_down: |

| [Impacted Files](https://codecov.io/gh/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/24327?src=pr&el=tree) | Coverage Δ | |
|---|---|---|
| [pandas/core/reshape/tile.py](https://codecov.io/gh/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/24327/diff?src=pr&el=tree#diff-cGFuZGFzL2NvcmUvcmVzaGFwZS90aWxlLnB5) | `94.82% <100%> (+0.06%)` | :arrow_up: |

------

[Continue to review full report at Codecov](https://codecov.io/gh/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/24327?src=pr&el=continue).
> **Legend** - [Click here to learn more](https://docs.codecov.io/docs/codecov-delta)
> `Δ = absolute <relative> (impact)`, `ø = not affected`, `? = missing data`
> Powered by [Codecov](https://codecov.io/gh/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/24327?src=pr&el=footer). Last update [216986d...244a90b](https://codecov.io/gh/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/24327?src=pr&el=lastupdated). Read the [comment docs](https://docs.codecov.io/docs/pull-request-comments).

# [Codecov](https://codecov.io/gh/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/24327?src=pr&el=h1) Report
> Merging [#24327](https://codecov.io/gh/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/24327?src=pr&el=desc) into [master](https://codecov.io/gh/pandas-dev/pandas/commit/216986d4691297d5cfec33b5c62be7890b9a54d7?src=pr&el=desc) will **increase** coverage by `<.01%`.
> The diff coverage is `100%`.

[![Impacted file tree graph](https://codecov.io/gh/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/24327/graphs/tree.svg?width=650&token=eZ4WkYLtcO&height=150&src=pr)](https://codecov.io/gh/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/24327?src=pr&el=tree)

```diff
@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##           master   #24327      +/-   ##
==========================================
+ Coverage   92.28%   92.28%   +<.01%     
==========================================
  Files         162      162              
  Lines       51831    51833       +2     
==========================================
+ Hits        47830    47832       +2     
  Misses       4001     4001
```

| Flag | Coverage Δ | |
|---|---|---|
| #multiple | `90.68% <100%> (ø)` | :arrow_up: |
| #single | `43% <0%> (-0.01%)` | :arrow_down: |

| [Impacted Files](https://codecov.io/gh/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/24327?src=pr&el=tree) | Coverage Δ | |
|---|---|---|
| [pandas/core/reshape/tile.py](https://codecov.io/gh/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/24327/diff?src=pr&el=tree#diff-cGFuZGFzL2NvcmUvcmVzaGFwZS90aWxlLnB5) | `94.82% <100%> (+0.06%)` | :arrow_up: |

------

[Continue to review full report at Codecov](https://codecov.io/gh/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/24327?src=pr&el=continue).
> **Legend** - [Click here to learn more](https://docs.codecov.io/docs/codecov-delta)
> `Δ = absolute <relative> (impact)`, `ø = not affected`, `? = missing data`
> Powered by [Codecov](https://codecov.io/gh/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/24327?src=pr&el=footer). Last update [216986d...244a90b](https://codecov.io/gh/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/24327?src=pr&el=lastupdated). Read the [comment docs](https://docs.codecov.io/docs/pull-request-comments).

thanks @jschendel