---
language:
- nl
size_categories:
- 10B<n<100B
task_categories:
- text-generation
- text2text-generation
pretty_name: Filtered CulturaX + Wikipedia for Dutch
dataset_info:
- config_name: 100M
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  - name: text
    dtype: string
  - name: url
    dtype: string
  - name: source
    dtype: string
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- config_name: 15B
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- config_name: 1B
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- config_name: 20B
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- config_name: 25B
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- config_name: 30B
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- config_name: 35B
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  - name: source
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  download_size: 147149925109
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- config_name: 40B
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  - name: source
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  download_size: 168152290262
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- config_name: 45B
  features:
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  - name: url
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  - name: source
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- config_name: 50B
  features:
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  - name: source
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- config_name: 55B
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  - name: source
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- config_name: 5B
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    dtype: string
  - name: url
    dtype: string
  - name: source
    dtype: string
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  - name: test
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    num_examples: 64000
  download_size: 21119808690
  dataset_size: 33454712792.0
configs:
- config_name: 100M
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: 100M/train-*
  - split: test
    path: 100M/test-*
- config_name: 100k
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: 100k/train-*
  - split: test
    path: 100k/test-*
- config_name: 10B
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: 10B/train-*
  - split: test
    path: 10B/test-*
- config_name: 10M
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: 10M/train-*
  - split: test
    path: 10M/test-*
- config_name: 10k
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: 10k/train-*
  - split: test
    path: 10k/test-*
- config_name: 15B
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: 15B/train-*
  - split: test
    path: 15B/test-*
- config_name: 1B
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: 1B/train-*
  - split: test
    path: 1B/test-*
- config_name: 1M
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: 1M/train-*
  - split: test
    path: 1M/test-*
- config_name: 20B
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: 20B/train-*
  - split: test
    path: 20B/test-*
- config_name: 25B
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: 25B/train-*
  - split: test
    path: 25B/test-*
- config_name: 30B
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: 30B/train-*
  - split: test
    path: 30B/test-*
- config_name: 35B
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: 35B/train-*
  - split: test
    path: 35B/test-*
- config_name: 40B
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: 40B/train-*
  - split: test
    path: 40B/test-*
- config_name: 45B
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: 45B/train-*
  - split: test
    path: 45B/test-*
- config_name: 50B
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: 50B/train-*
  - split: test
    path: 50B/test-*
- config_name: 55B
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: 55B/train-*
  - split: test
    path: 55B/test-*
- config_name: 5B
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: 5B/train-*
  - split: test
    path: 5B/test-*
---

# Filtered CulturaX + Wikipedia for Dutch

This is a combined and filtered version of [CulturaX](https://huggingface.co/datasets/uonlp/CulturaX) and [Wikipedia](https://huggingface.co/datasets/wikimedia/wikipedia), only including Dutch. It is intended for the training of LLMs.

Different configs are available based on the number of tokens (see a section below with an overview). This can be useful if you want to know exactly how many tokens you have. Great for using as a streaming dataset, too. Tokens are counted as white-space tokens, so depending on your tokenizer, you'll likely end up with more tokens than indicated here. 

Every config also has a test set (for validation) of 1% the total size of the dataset, minimally 1 max. 64k samples (~16M tokens).

Wikipedia and CulturaX were suffled before merging and the teset set creation was also shuffled. Priority is given to Wikipedia to prioritize knowledge-content, so the smaller configs will consist exclusively of Wikipedia and for the larger configs we augment with CulturaX. Every config builds further on the previous, so this means that every config contains the same data as the smaller ones and more HOWEVER their train/test splits are not the same, so test set of one config may overlap with samples for another training set. This is usually not a problem but just be aware that you do not train on one config's training set and test with another config's test set.

## Configs

### `10k` -- 79 samples -- 10,087 tokens
- ratio_wikipedia: 100.00%
- total_num_tokens: 10,087
- train_num_tokens: 9,205
- test_num_tokens: 882
- total_num_samples: 79
- train_num_samples: 78
- test_num_samples: 1

### `100k` -- 1,057 samples -- 100,075 tokens
- ratio_wikipedia: 100.00%
- total_num_tokens: 100,075
- train_num_tokens: 98,044
- test_num_tokens: 2,031
- total_num_samples: 1,057
- train_num_samples: 1,047
- test_num_samples: 10

### `1M` -- 10,802 samples -- 1,000,239 tokens
- ratio_wikipedia: 100.00%
- total_num_tokens: 1,000,239
- train_num_tokens: 991,119
- test_num_tokens: 9,120
- total_num_samples: 10,802
- train_num_samples: 10,694
- test_num_samples: 108

### `10M` -- 141,263 samples -- 10,000,022 tokens
- ratio_wikipedia: 100.00%
- total_num_tokens: 10,000,022
- train_num_tokens: 9,874,772
- test_num_tokens: 125,250
- total_num_samples: 141,263
- train_num_samples: 139,851
- test_num_samples: 1,412

### `100M` -- 1,028,484 samples -- 100,000,047 tokens
- ratio_wikipedia: 100.00%
- total_num_tokens: 100,000,047
- train_num_tokens: 99,013,372
- test_num_tokens: 986,675
- total_num_samples: 1,028,484
- train_num_samples: 1,018,200
- test_num_samples: 10,284

### `1B` -- 5,153,898 samples -- 1,000,000,187 tokens
- ratio_wikipedia: 61.21%
- total_num_tokens: 1,000,000,187
- train_num_tokens: 989,990,190
- test_num_tokens: 10,009,997
- total_num_samples: 5,153,898
- train_num_samples: 5,102,360
- test_num_samples: 51,538

### `5B` -- 20,833,009 samples -- 5,000,000,076 tokens
- ratio_wikipedia: 25.35%
- total_num_tokens: 5,000,000,076
- train_num_tokens: 4,984,493,654
- test_num_tokens: 15,506,422
- total_num_samples: 20,833,009
- train_num_samples: 20,769,009
- test_num_samples: 64,000

### `10B` -- 40,240,566 samples -- 10,000,000,115 tokens
- ratio_wikipedia: 18.41%
- total_num_tokens: 10,000,000,115
- train_num_tokens: 9,984,156,828
- test_num_tokens: 15,843,287
- total_num_samples: 40,240,566
- train_num_samples: 40,176,566
- test_num_samples: 64,000

### `15B` -- 59,648,123 samples -- 15,000,000,154 tokens
- ratio_wikipedia: 15.98%
- total_num_tokens: 15,000,000,154
- train_num_tokens: 14,983,970,518
- test_num_tokens: 16,029,636
- total_num_samples: 59,648,123
- train_num_samples: 59,584,123
- test_num_samples: 64,000

### `20B` -- 79,055,679 samples -- 20,000,000,009 tokens
- ratio_wikipedia: 14.75%
- total_num_tokens: 20,000,000,009
- train_num_tokens: 19,983,799,357
- test_num_tokens: 16,200,652
- total_num_samples: 79,055,679
- train_num_samples: 78,991,679
- test_num_samples: 64,000

### `25B` -- 98,463,236 samples -- 25,000,000,048 tokens
- ratio_wikipedia: 14.00%
- total_num_tokens: 25,000,000,048
- train_num_tokens: 24,983,765,326
- test_num_tokens: 16,234,722
- total_num_samples: 98,463,236
- train_num_samples: 98,399,236
- test_num_samples: 64,000

### `30B` -- 117,870,793 samples -- 30,000,000,087 tokens
- ratio_wikipedia: 13.50%
- total_num_tokens: 30,000,000,087
- train_num_tokens: 29,983,707,932
- test_num_tokens: 16,292,155
- total_num_samples: 117,870,793
- train_num_samples: 117,806,793
- test_num_samples: 64,000

### `35B` -- 137,278,350 samples -- 35,000,000,126 tokens
- ratio_wikipedia: 13.14%
- total_num_tokens: 35,000,000,126
- train_num_tokens: 34,983,914,739
- test_num_tokens: 16,085,387
- total_num_samples: 137,278,350
- train_num_samples: 137,214,350
- test_num_samples: 64,000

### `40B` -- 156,685,907 samples -- 40,000,000,165 tokens
- ratio_wikipedia: 12.87%
- total_num_tokens: 40,000,000,165
- train_num_tokens: 39,983,508,625
- test_num_tokens: 16,491,540
- total_num_samples: 156,685,907
- train_num_samples: 156,621,907
- test_num_samples: 64,000

### `45B` -- 176,093,463 samples -- 45,000,000,020 tokens
- ratio_wikipedia: 12.66%
- total_num_tokens: 45,000,000,020
- train_num_tokens: 44,983,608,118
- test_num_tokens: 16,391,902
- total_num_samples: 176,093,463
- train_num_samples: 176,029,463
- test_num_samples: 64,000

### `50B` -- 195,501,020 samples -- 50,000,000,059 tokens
- ratio_wikipedia: 12.49%
- total_num_tokens: 50,000,000,059
- train_num_tokens: 49,983,567,461
- test_num_tokens: 16,432,598
- total_num_samples: 195,501,020
- train_num_samples: 195,437,020
- test_num_samples: 64,000

### `55B` -- 214,908,577 samples -- 55,000,000,098 tokens
- ratio_wikipedia: 12.35%
- total_num_tokens: 55,000,000,098
- train_num_tokens: 54,983,723,278
- test_num_tokens: 16,276,820
- total_num_samples: 214,908,577
- train_num_samples: 214,844,577
- test_num_samples: 64,000


## Filtering

While CultruaX already has done a lot of filtering, some more filtering can be done to improve the quality of the corpus. These filters are described below.

The baseline ratios (punctuation, uppercase, digits) were calculated on the SONAR-500 corpus (excluding WRPEA WRPED WRUEA WRUED WRUEB).

**CulturaX**:
- removed documents that contain the text "rechten voorbehouden" or "rights reserved"
- remove documents whose URL contained "wikipedia.org" (because we include a cleaned version of Wikipedia ourselves)
- removed documents that contain a "bad word" (see the section below)
- removed documents that contain any non-latin characters. The idea is that "knowledge"-based information (e.g. original writing of a name) are allowed
 when the data comes from Wikipedia, but not from any other webcrawl, to avoid unsollicited noise.

**CulturaX + Wikipedia**:
- removed documents where ratio of punctuation marks vs. non-whitespace characters is higher than 0.2
- removed documents where ratio of uppercase vs. non-whitespace characters is higher than 0.22
- removed documents where ratio of digits vs. non-whitespace characters is higher than 0.16
- removed documents where the average token length is < 2 or > 20

## Bad words

```python
BAD_PHRASES_DOC_LEVEL = {
    # https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dutch_profanity
    "achterlijk",
    "debiel",
    "downie",
    "idioot",
    "kankerlijer",
    "klere",
    "kolere",
    "minkukel",
    "pestkop",
    "pleuris",
    "pleuritis",
    "teringlijer",
    "tyfuslijer",
    "gadver",
    "getver",
    "godver",
    "godskolere",
    "godverork",
    "graftak",
    "kopvod",
    "verdomme",
    "anaalgeneraal",
    "bitch",
    "dikzak",
    "flikker",
    "fok",
    "fuck",
    "hoer",
    "klootzak",
    "klote",
    "kreng",
    "kringspiermusketier",
    "kut",
    "lamzak",
    "lul",
    "manwijf",
    "matennaai",
    "neuken",
    "neuker",
    "ouwehoer",
    "reet",
    "reetkever",
    "reetridder",
    "rotzak",
    "schijt",
    "shit",
    "slet",
    "slijmbal",
    "slons",
    "sodemieter",
    "stoephoer",
    "swaffel",
    "teef",
    "trut",
    "tut",
    "zak",
    "uilskuiken",
    "zeik",
    "bamivreter",
    "bosneger",
    "neger",
    "fransoos",
    "geitenneuker",
    "kaaskop",
    "kakker",
    "koelie",
    "lijp",
    "medelander",
    "mocro",
    "mof",
    "nikker",
    "poepchinees",
    "roetmop",
    "spaghettivreter",
    "loempiavouwer",
    "spanjool",
    "spleetoog",
    "tatta",
    "tokkie",
    "zandneger",
    "zwartzak",
    "halvezool",
    "kenau",
    "klootviool",
    "knuppel",
    "koekert",
    "koekwaus",
    "oelewapper",
    "smeerlap",
    "sukkel",
    "sul",
    "wappie",
    "wijf",
    "zooi",
    # xxx (a.o. https://gitlab.com/yhavinga/c4nlpreproc/-/blob/master/clean/badwords_ennl.py?ref_type=heads)
    "xxx",
    "anal",
    "blowjob",
    "buttplug",
    "cock",
    "cunt",
    "geil",
    "sex",  # Standaardnederlands = seks, maybe we catch some porn or socialmedia sites with this misspelling
    "porn",
    # extra
    "nigger",
    "nigga",
    "hoerig",
    "klojo",
}
```

## Config details


## License information

For CulturaX: https://huggingface.co/datasets/uonlp/CulturaX#license-information
For Wikipedia: https://huggingface.co/datasets/wikimedia/wikipedia#licensing-information