梭法螺屬

梭法螺屬（學名：Cymatium），又名象法螺屬或嵌線螺屬Shelldoc 420090220098 04，是法螺科嵌線螺亞科之下的一個屬，包括從小型到大型的掠食性海螺，是一個海洋腹足綱軟體動物的分類單元。
本屬物種繁多，有差不多一百種，遍佈世界各地。因此有貝殼學家將本屬物種再細分為十個亞屬，也有建議將部分亞屬提升至屬級，但這些建議到現在都未有公論。

**化石紀錄**
本屬的化石紀錄已知從始新世到第四紀（距今：從5580到1.2萬年前）。

**形態描述**
這些海螺雌雄異體，會產下卵筴。 孵化後，幼蟲有一個浮游生物階段，可以（在某些物種中）持續數月; 這是在某些物種中看到的廣泛分佈，因為在沉降到海底之前可以將浮游幼蟲攜帶很遠的距離。

**分類**

**亞屬**
目前本屬有至少十個亞屬，部分亞屬有學者建議提升至屬級。不管如何，這些亞屬或屬都詳列如下：- Cymatium Röding, 1798, type species: Cymatium femorale- 毛螺亞屬 Monoplex G. Perry, 1811, type species: Cymatium parthenopeum- Gelagna Schaufuss, 1869, type species: Cymatium succinctum- Ranularia Schumacher, 1817, type species: Cymatium gutturnium- Gutturnium Mørch, 1852, type species: Cymatium muricinum- Reticutriton Habe and Kosuge, 1966：模式屬：Cymatium pfeifferianum- Linatella Gray, 1868, 模式種為：Cymatium cutaceum- 象鼻法螺 Lotoria Emerson and Old, 1963, 模式種為：Cymatium perryi- 籬螺亞屬 Septa Perry, 1810：模式種為Septa rubecula，被WoRMS提升至屬級。- Turritriton Dall, 1904, 模式種為：Cymatium gibbosum

**物種**
根據World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS)，本屬目前包括下列物種：- 寶石法螺- 小白法螺

**異名物種**
 Cymatium aegrotum (Reeve, 1844): synonym of Ranularia gallinago (Reeve, 1844) - Cymatium aquatile (Reeve, 1844) : synonym of Monoplex aquatilis (Reeve, 1844) - Cymatium cingulatum (Lamarck, 1822): synonym of Linatella caudata (Gmelin, 1791) - Cymatium clandestinum (Lamarck, 1816): synonym of Gelagna succincta (Linnaeus, 1771)- Cymatium closeli Beu, 1987: synonym of Septa closeli (Beu, 1987) - Cymatium comptum (A. Adams, 1855) : synonym of Monoplex comptus (A. Adams, 1855)- Cymatium corrugatum (Lamarck, 1816);: synonym of Monoplex corrugatus (Lamarck, 1816) - Cymatium cutaceum (Lamarck, 1816): synonym of Linatella caudata (Gmelin, 1791) - Cymatium cynocephalum (Lamarck, 1816) : synonym of Ranularia cynocephala (Lamarck, 1816)- Cymatium doliarium Lamarck: synonym of Cabestana dolaria (Linnaeus, 1767) - Cymatium durbanensis (E.A. Smith, 1899): synonym of  Monoplex durbanensis (E.A. Smith, 1899)- Cymatium exaratum (Reeve, 1844): synonym of Monoplex exaratus (Reeve, 1844)- Cymatium exaratum durbanense (E. A. Smith, 1899): synonym of Cymatium exaratum (Reeve, 1844) accepted as Monoplex exaratus (Reeve, 1844)- 秀美象法螺 Cymatium exile: synonym of Ranularia exilis (Reeve, 1844) - Cymatium gallinago (Reeve, 1844): synonym of Ranularia gallinago (Reeve, 1844) - Cymatium gemmatum Reeve: synonym of Monoplex gemmatus (Reeve, 1844)- Cymatium gibbosum (Broderip, 1833): synonym of Turritriton gibbosus (Broderip, 1833)- Cymatium grandimaculatum (Reeve, 1844): synonym of Lotoria grandimaculata (Reeve, 1844) - Cymatium hepaticum (Röding, 1798): synonym of Septa hepatica (Röding, 1798) - Cymatium kleinei (Sowerby III, 1889): synonym of Monoplex klenei (G.B. Sowerby III, 1889) - Cymatium kobelti: synonym of Turritriton kobelti (Maltzan, 1884) - Cymatium krebsii (Mörch, 1877) : synonym of Monoplex krebsii (Mörch, 1877) - Cymatium labiosum  (W. Wood, 1828) : synonym of Turritriton labiosus (Wood, 1828) - 象鼻法螺 Cymatium lotorium  small|(Linnaeus, 1758)：今作Lotoria lotoria- Cymatium marerubrum: synonym of Septa marerubrum (Garcia-Talavera, 1985)- Cymatium martinianum (d'Orbigny, 1847) : synonym of Monoplex pilearis (Linnaeus, 1758) - Cymatium moniliferum (Adams & Reeve, 1850): synonym of Ranularia monilifera (A. Adams & Reeve, 1850) - Cymatium moritinctum (Reeve, 1844): synonym of Ranularia cynocephala (Lamarck, 1816) - Cymatium mundum (Gould, 1849): synonym of Monoplex mundus (Gould, 1849) - Cymatium muricinum  (Röding, 1798) : synonym of Gutturnium muricinum (Röding, 1798) - Cymatium nicobaricum (Röding, 1798) : synonym of Monoplex nicobaricus (Röding, 1798) - Cymatium occidentale (Mörch, 1877) is a synonym of Septa occidentalis (Mörch, 1877)- Cymatium olearium Linnaeus: synonym of Ranella olearium (Linnaeus, 1758) - Cymatium (Septa) parthenopeum (von Salis, 1793) : synonym of Monoplex parthenopeus (Salis Marschlins, 1793)- Cymatium (Monoplex) parthenopeum (Salis, 1793): synonym of Monoplex parthenopeus (Salis Marschlins, 1793)- Cymatium penniketi Beu, 1998: synonyom of Monoplex penniketi (Beu, 1998) - Cymatium pharcidum (Dall, 1889): synonym of Turritriton tenuiliratus (Lischke, 1873) - 菲氏瘦法螺 Cymatium pfeifferianum (Reeve, 1844): synonym of Reticutriton pfeifferianus (Reeve, 1844)- 梨形嵌線螺Shelldoc 420090220098 04 Cymatium pyrum (Linnaeus, 1758): synonym of Ranularia pyrum (Linnaeus, 1758) - Cymatium rubeculum (Linnaeus, 1758): synonym of Septa rubecula (Linnaeus, 1758) - 肉唇象法螺 Cymatium sarcostomum (Reeve, 1844): synonym of Ranularia sarcostoma (Reeve, 1844) - Cymatium (Ranularia) sinense (Reeve, 1844):  synonym of Ranularia sinensis (Reeve, 1844)- Cymatium (Linatella) succinctum (Linnaeus, 1771): synonym of Linatella succincta (Linnaeus, 1771)- Cymatium testudinarium (A. Adams & Reeve, 1850): synonym of Ranularia testudinaria (A. Adams & Reeve, 1850) - Cymatium tranquebaricum (Lamarck, 1816): synonym of Monoplex tranquebaricus (Lamarck, 1816)- Cymatium trigonum (Gmelin, 1791): synonym of  Monoplex trigonus (Gmelin, 1791)- Cymatium trilineatum: synonym of Ranularia trilineata (Reeve, 1844) - Cymatium vespaceum Lamarck, 1822: synonym of Monoplex vespaceus (Lamarck, 1822) 
Cymatium species found in the Western Atlantic include: date=20170306040551 - Cymatium rehderi A. H. Verrill, 1950  :  synonym of  Ranularia rehderi (A.H. Verrill, 1950)
Other species include:- Cymatium tabulatus aka Turritriton tabulatus exaratus (Reeve, 1844)- Cymatium parkinsonianum (Perry, 1811): synonym of Austrotriton parkinsonius Perry, 1811- Cymatium pileare (Linnaeus, 1758): synonym of Cymatium (Septa) pileare (Linnaeus, 1758)- Cymatium perryi Emerson, W.K. & W.E. Jr. Old, 1963: synonym of Lotoria perryi (Emerson & Old, 1963)

**圖庫**
File: Ranellidae - Cymatium affine.JPG|Fossil shell of Cymatium affine from Pliocene of Italy
File:Cymatium doderleini 01.JPG|Fossil shell of Cymatium doderleini from Pliocene of Italy

**參考文獻**

**外部連結**
Cymatium- Info about subgenera and illustrations of type species for the subgenera and other species in the subgenera at  date=20161216033928 - Malacolog info at:  date=20170306040551