漢語圈

漢語圈分佈地圖
漢語圈（Sinophone）或稱作華語圈或中文圈，是一新詞，意為「使用漢語者」（Chinese-speaking），意指居民能使用至少一種漢語變體的地區，也表示其上的文化或語言。這一詞語在學術界的使用上有些含糊，主要可分為兩類：
# cn|特指漢語為少數語言的地區，即不含中國大陸、香港、澳門、臺灣、馬來西亞、新加坡。|time=2024-11-10
# 廣泛指涉使用漢語的所有地區。
許多作者以漢語圈世界（Sinophone world）這一詞語指涉流散於大中華地區之外的海外華人地區；而有些則指涉整個華語世界，等同於華人地區。官話（現代標準漢語）是今日最被廣泛使用的漢語變體，擁有超過10億使用者，約佔世界人口的20%。
現代標準漢語是今日中華人民共和國與中華民國的官方語言、新加坡的官方語言之一，也是聯合國6種官方語言之一。漢語族之一的粵語是香港與澳門的官方語言。在美國、巴西、加拿大、澳大利亞、馬來西亞、菲律賓、泰國、越南、印度尼西亞、模里西斯、秘魯、委內瑞拉等國家或地區都有為數可觀的海外華人人口與社區，多數使用著不同的漢語變體（漢語方言），如廣東話（Cantonese）、泉漳話（Hokkien）、福州話（Foochow）、潮州話（Teochew）等等。
語言學網站《民族語》估計全球33個國家約有漢語使用者11.97億人。依照所使用的不同變體進行細部統計：官話8.48億、吳語7720萬、粵語6220萬、閩南語4680萬、晉語4500萬、湘語3600萬、客家語3010萬、贛語2060萬、閩北語1030萬、閩東語910萬、徽語460萬、閩中語310萬、莆仙語260萬等。

**參見**
 漢語族- 漢語國家和地區列表- 漢字文化圈- 華人世界

**參考資料**
 Academia Sinica (2012),  International Conference on "Global Sinophonia" 「全球華語文化」國際研討會fix-attempted=no . - Bachner, Andrea (July 2011), " Review of Jing Tsu's Sound and Script in Chinese Diaspora", Modern Chinese Literature and Culture.- Barmé, Geremie R. (2005),  On New Sinology: Chinese Studies Association of Australia Newsletter 3.- Cambria Press (2012),  Cambria Sinophone World Series date=20200516165825 , University of Pennsylvania.- (CNRTL) Centre National de Ressources Textuelles et Lexicales (2012),  sinophone date=20210401110924 , electronic Trésor de la langue française.- Coulombe, Diane and William L. Roberts (2001), " The French-as-a-second-language learning experience of anglophone and allophone university students," Research on Immigration and Integration in the Metropolis Working Paper Series 01-02, Vancouver Centre of Excellence.- Keen, Ruth (1988), "Information Is All That Counts: An Introduction to Chinese Women's Writing in German Translation," Modern Chinese Literature 4.2:225–234. 41490637.- Lewis, M. Paul ed. (2009),  Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 16th edition, SIL International.- Mair, Victor (2012), " Sinophone and Sinosphere date=20210401110917 ," Language Log.- McDonald, Edward (2011), " The '中國通' or the 'Sinophone'? Towards a political economy of Chinese language teaching date=20210401112829 ," China Heritage Quarterly 25.- Lu, Sheldon Hsiao-peng (2007), " Review of Shih Shu-mei's Visuality and Identity: Sinophone Articulations across the Pacific date=20081006131355 ," Modern Chinese Literature and Culture.- Saussy, Haun (2012), " On The Phone date=20210401112736 ," Printculture.- Shih, Shu-Mei (2004), "Global Literature and the Technologies of Recognition," PMLA 119.1, 16–30. 10.1632/003081204X22828. 1261482.- Shih, Shu-mei (2005), "Sinophone Articulations Across the Pacific," Ostasiatisches Seminar: Chinese Diasporic and Exile Experience, Universität Zürich.- Shih, Shu-mei (2007), Visuality and Identity: Sinophone Articulations across the Pacific, University of California Press.- Shih, Shu-Mei (2010), "Theory, Asia and the Sinophone", Postcolonial Studies 13.4:465–484. 10.1080/13688790.2010.525213- Shih, Shu-mei (2011), " The Concept of the Sinophone date=20201024181652 ," PMLA 126.3, 709–718. 10.1632/pmla.2011.126.3.709. 41414144.- Shih, Shu-mei, Chien-hsin Tsai, and Brian Bernards, eds. (2013), Sinophone Studies: A Critical Reader, Columbia University Press.- Thornber, Karen (June 2012), Review of Jing Tsu's Sound and Script in Chinese Diaspora, Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies, 72.1, 195–202. 10.1353/jas.2012.0005. 23214370.- Tsu, Jing (2010), Sound and Script in Chinese Diaspora, Harvard University Press.- Tsu, Jing (2011), "New Area Studies and Languages on the Move", PMLA 126.3, 693–700. 10.1632/pmla.2011.126.3.693. 41414142.- Tsu, Jing (2010), "Epilogue: Sinophone Writings and Chinese Diaspora", in Stephen Owen and Kang-i Sun Chang, eds., Cambridge History of Chinese Literature 704–712.- Tsu, Jing (2010), "Sinophonics and the Nationalization of Chinese", in Jing Tsu and David Der-wei Wang, eds., Global Chinese Literature: Critical Essays, Brill.- Tsu, Jing and David Der-wei Wang, eds. (2010), Global Chinese Literature: Critical Essays, Brill.

**外部連結**
  Globalizing Modern Chinese Literature: Sinophone and Diasporic Writings date=20100705011229  conference, Harvard University, December 6–8, 2007.