語言均一化

語言均一化（英語：dialect leveling；西班牙語：nivelación lingüística），指某地區某語系的各種方言間變得相似或均一的過程，通常由某種方言被明顯的淘汰而促成，從而使該地區各語言間更容易理解並更整齊劃一。

**基本概念**
從一方面看，在這過程中，可能導致理解上問題的不同語言表達形式得到簡化，其變體也減少。這變化是漸進的，在其徹底完成之前，社會環境各變體共存。
從另一方面看，均一化同時還指具體單詞的語法形態變化，旨在使各種形態趨於規則。

**具體案例**
1561年確認馬德里為西班牙首都後，全國各地的移民湧入（主要來自北部），並且均有其方言。馬德里人和來自南部的移民在清齒擦音和濁齒擦音間產生分歧，而來自北部（巴斯克以及加利西亞地區）的移民已棄用濁噝音。這兩種發音使語言變得均一。從音韻學角度出發，這兩種發音難以分辨而且只有少部分人使用，過程完成後，三個濁噝音棄用。

**參考文獻**
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**註釋==