耳螺科

Drawing of shells of Ellobium pyramidale.
耳螺科（學名：Ellobiidae），亦作耳蝸牛科shelldoc_000124，是腹足綱耳螺總科（學名：Ellobioidea）之下的一個科Bouchet 2005。耳螺科物種體型細小，皆可呼吸空氣。舊屬原始有肺目或基眼目的松螺總科Dayrat 2011，之後耳螺科改屬耳螺總科page1=6。2005年《布歇特和洛克羅伊的腹足類分類》，整個耳螺總科仍被歸到基眼類非正式群組Bouchet 2005。在2017年《布歇特等人的腹足類分類》，耳螺科聯同另外兩個科共同組成耳螺目Bouchet 2017。

**型態描述**
本科物種螺殻的一大特徵，除了其耳狀的螺殻外，還有其鋸齒狀的殻口Beechey 2018。

**分佈及棲息地**
本科物種遍佈全世界，但仍主要集中於印度洋-西太平洋海域Beechey 2018。部分物種嗜鹽，常棲息在河口半淡鹹水域shell_1870或紅樹林的高潮區、鹽沼地等範圍Beechey 2018。儘管本科物種可呼吸空氣，而事實上在熱帶亦有部分物種可完全營陸生，但其餘物種仍不時要返回海水裡Beechey 2018，所以WoRMS指本科物種的棲息環境同時包括海洋、鹹淡水交界及陸生WoRMS_198。

**系統分類**

**屬**
，WoRMS紀錄本科包括以下各個亞科與屬WoRMS_198：
 罌粟蝸牛亞科 Carychiinae Jeffreys, 1830，果瓣螺亞科
 耳螺亞科 Ellobiinae L. Pfeiffer, 1854 (1822)
 尖耳螺亞科 Melampinae Stimpson, 1851 (1850)
 趾蝸牛亞科 Pedipedinae
 扁耳螺亞科 Pythiinae Odhner, 1925
異名：
» Genus Alexia Leach in Gray, 1847 accepted as Myosotella Monterosato, 1906 (Invalid: junior homonym of Alexia Stephens, 1833 Coleoptera; Nealexia is a replacement name)
» Genus Jaminia T. Brown, 1827 accepted as Myosotella Monterosato, 1906
» Genus Kochia Pallary, 1900 accepted as Myosotella Monterosato, 1906 (Invalid: junior homonym of Kochia Frech, 1891 Bivalvia)
» Genus Laimodonta H. Adams & A. Adams, 1855 accepted as Laemodonta Philippi, 1846
» Genus Melosidula B.J. Smith & Kershaw, 1979 accepted as Cassidula (Cassidula) Férussac, 1821 represented as Cassidula Férussac, 1821
» Genus Monica H. Adams & A. Adams, 1855 accepted as Ovatella Bivona-Bernardi, 1832
» Genus Nealexia Wenz, 1920 accepted as Myosotella Monterosato, 1906
» Genus Phytia accepted as Pythia Röding, 1798 (Incorrect subsequent spelling)
» Genus Plecotrema H. Adams & A. Adams, 1854 accepted as Laemodonta (Laemodonta) Philippi, 1846 represented as Laemodonta Philippi, 1846
» Genus Scarabus Montfort, 1810 accepted as Pythia Röding, 1798
** 扁耳螺屬 Pythia Röding, 1798：扁耳螺亞科的模式屬。
*** 花豹耳螺 Pythia pantherina (A. Adams)
*** 厚皮耳螺 Pythia pachyodon Pilsbry et Hirase- subfamily Zaptychiinae †- Zaptychius Walcott, 1883 † ：本亞科的模式屬。- 亞科地位未定
** Genus Juramarinula Bandel, 1991 †
** Genus Leopoldium Bandel & Riedel, 1994 †
** Genus Melampoides Yen, 1951 †
** Genus Mesauriculstra Yen, 1952 †
** Genus Mesochilina Yen, 1951 †
** Genus Palaeoleuca Wenz, 1922 †
** Genus Proauriculastra Bandel, 1991 †
** Genus Pythiopsis F. Sandberger, 1870 †
** Genus Rhytophorus Meek, 1871 †
** Genus Semiauricula Cossmann, 1889 †
** Genus Stolidoma Deshayes, 1863 †
** Genus Tortacella White, 1895 †
** Genus Traliopsis F. Sandberger, 1870 †
subfamily ?- Auriculinella Tausch, 1886- Auriculodes Strand, 1928- Blauneria Shuttleworth, 1854- Creedonia Martins, 1996- Detracia Gray in Turton, 1840- Leuconopsis Hutton, 1884- Marinula King & Broderip, 1832- 微耳螺屬 Microtralia small|Dall, 1894：嗜鹽。- Ophicardelus Beck, 1838- Ovatella Bivona, 1832- Pleuroloba Hyman, Rouse & Ponder, 2005- Pseudomelampus Pallary, 1900- Tralia Gray, 1840
異名：- Alexia Leach in Gray, 1847: synonym of Myosotella Monterosato, 1906- Auricula Lamarck, 1799: synonym of Ellobium Röding, 1798- Cremnobates Swainson, 1855: synonym of Marinula King & Broderip, 1832- Jaminia T. Brown, 1827: synonym of Myosotella Monterosato, 1906- Kochia Pallary, 1900: synonym of Myosotella Monterosato, 1906- Laimodonta H. Adams & A. Adams, 1855: synonym of Laemodonta Philippi, 1846- Leuconia Gray, 1840: synonym of Auriculinella Tausch, 1886- Leucopepla Peile, 1926: synonym of Auriculinella Tausch, 1886- Leucophytia Winckworth, 1949: synonym of Auriculinella Tausch, 1886- Monica H. Adams & A. Adams, 1855: synonym of Ovatella Bivona-Bernardi, 1832- Nealexia Wenz, 1920: synonym of Myosotella Monterosato, 1906- Phytia: synonym of Pythia Röding, 1798- Pira H. & A. Adams, 1855: synonym of Melampus Montfort, 1810- Plecotrema H. Adams & A. Adams, 1854: synonym of Laemodonta Philippi, 1846- Rangitotoa Powell, 1933: synonym of Microtralia Dall, 1894
Taxonomic note:
Genus Sarnia H. Adams & A. Adams, 1855 (temporary name, Sarnia H. & A. Adams, 1855 (September), The Genera of Recent Mollusca, 2: 239 is an incorrect subsequent spelling of Siona H. Adams & A. Adams, 1855 which is a junior homonym of Siona Duponchel, 1829 Lepidoptera.)

**參考文獻**
This article incorporates CC-BY-2.0 text from the reference

**外部連結**
 Ellobiidae- title=Melampidae