俄羅斯帝國海軍

俄羅斯帝國海軍（Российский императорский флот）是俄羅斯從1696年開始直到1917年之間的海軍力量。
1696年俄羅斯沙皇國與奧斯曼帝國的亞速海戰中，彼得大帝下令創立正規海軍。其軍力在18世紀下半葉至19世紀初達到了頂峰的實力，規模僅次於英法的艦隊，由於在19世紀後俄羅斯的工業與經濟發展緩慢海軍開始進入衰退期，但經過尼古拉二世統治後期軍力開始復甦，直到日俄戰爭後太平洋艦隊遭到嚴重受創，第一次世界大戰與德國強爭波羅的海，黑海艦隊則在博斯普魯斯海峽佈雷，以防止奧斯曼帝國海軍進入黑海。最終由於1917年俄國革命退出一戰後，波羅的海艦隊撤出了芬蘭灣的赫爾辛基和塔林基地，撤回喀琅施塔得。1918年象徵著俄羅斯帝國海軍的結束，其與雙方戰鬥的水手與艦艇成為了建立蘇聯海軍的核心要素。

**背景**
在沙皇米哈伊爾·費奧多羅維奇·羅曼諾夫治下，第一條沙俄自建的三桅戰船於1636年完成。它叫弗裡德里克號，但不幸在裡海的處女航中遇風暴沉沒。
在俄瑞戰爭(1656–58)中俄軍奪取了瑞典在道加瓦河的陶格夫匹爾斯和科肯胡森軍事要塞，並分別重新命名為鮑裡索格萊布斯克與太子德米特里耶夫。一名有波雅爾稱號的貴族Afanasy Ordin-Nashchokin在後者的位置上建了船廠，建造向波羅的海航行的船隻，但是之後俄國又敗於瑞典而交還了所有得到的土地，尚未完工的船隻也被毀。
波雅爾Ordin-Nashchyokin失敗後並沒有因此放棄，並轉移注意到伏爾加河與裡海，隨後沙皇批准波雅爾帶來了荷蘭造船專家到奧卡河和伏爾加河的匯合處附近的小鎮，於1667年冬季開始造船，在2年內完成了4艘船分別為1艘槳帆船命名為 Орёл("Oryol" = "鷹")與其他3艘小船

**參見**
 俄國海軍戰艦列表

**注釋**

**參考文獻**
  Russian Submarine forces historydate=20140901074114 -  History of the Russian Navydate=20160610083056 -  Web site focusing on submarine history and the works of Irish-American inventor, John Philip Holland and his company which was known as The Holland Torpedo Boat Company. See Fulton and look under Russian submarines (Som Class) Type 7-P.-  date=20220506181616  Russian submarine history can be located on this site.- Boyevaya letopis' russkogo flota. Khronika vazhneishikh sobytii voyennoi istorii russkogo flota s IX veka po 1917 god. - Voyenizdat, Moskva, 1948. ( Combat Annales of the Russian Navy. Chronicle of the Most Important Events of the Russian Navy History from the 9th century up to 1917date=20130130114247 )- Corbett, Julian, Sir. Maritime Operations in the Russo-Japanese War 1904-1905. (1994). ISBN 1-55750-129-7- Forczyk, Robert. Russian Battleship vs Japanese Battleship, Yellow Sea 1904-05. (2009) Osprey. ISBN 978-1-84603-330-8.- Grant, R. Captain. Before Port Arthur in a Destroyer; The Personal Diary of a Japanese Naval Officer. London, John Murray; first and second editions published in 1907.- Olender, Piotr. Russo-Japanese Naval War 1904-1905, Vol. 2, Battle of Tsushima. (2010); Published by Stratus s.c., Sandomierz, Poland.  ISBN 978-83-61421-02-3.- Pleshakov, Constantine. The Tsar's Last Armada: The Epic Voyage to the Battle of Tsushima.  (2002). ISBN 0-465-05792-6- Semenov, Vladimir, Capt. The Battle of Tsushima. Originally published in 1907. (1912) E. P. Dutton & CO.- Showell, Jak M. The U-Boat Century; German Submarine Warfare 1906-2006. (2006); Chatham Publishing, Great Britain. ISBN 1-86176-241-0.- Russian Warships in the Age of Sail, 1696-1860: Design, Construction, Careers and Fates. John Tredrea and Eduard Sozaev. Seaforth Publishing, 2010. ISBN 978-1-84832-058-1.

**閱讀**
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