天蛾科

天蛾科（學名：Sphingidae）是鱗翅目的一科，科名取自希臘語“Sphinx”，即希臘神話中的怪物“斯芬克斯”。天蛾科下轄200多個屬，約1,450個品種。本科物種大多數於熱帶生活，但其每一個地區都有其蹤影。本科昆蟲主要特徵是前翅狹長，後翅呈短三角形，複眼大，胸部粗壯，腹部末端尖及呈流線型，觸角端部細而彎曲。體型中等到大，所以可作快速及持續的飛行，最快可達每小時40到50公里。

**分類**

**早期分類**
在1903年，Rothschild and Jordan最先為天蛾科物種作科學化的分類，以物種有沒有感毛（microtrichia），把整個科分為感毛組與無感毛組兩大組，下設五亞科七大族，分別如下：- Asemanophorae(Rothschild & Jordan, 1903) Janse, 1932
** Acherontiinae：約40屬200種
**Ambulicinae（Ambulicinae）- Semanophorae Rothschild & Jordan, 1903
**Sesiinae
**Philampelinae
**Choerocampinae

**現時分類**
現時的分類把原來的無感毛組一分為二，成為了天蛾亞科和目天蛾亞科；而原來的感毛組成為現在的長喙天蛾亞科。
天蛾科以下的200多個屬，現時分作三個亞科，分別如下：- Macroglossinae (Lepidoptera)（Macroglossinae Harris, 1839）
** Dilophonotini
** Macroglossini
** Philampelini- Smerinthinae（Smerinthinae）
** 鷹翅天蛾族（Ambulycini）
** 目天蛾族（Smerinthini）
** 絨天蛾族（Sphingulini）- Sphinginae（Sphinginae）
** 面形天蛾族
** 天蛾族

**屬**
 Acanthosphinx Aurivillius, 1892- 面形天蛾屬 Acherontia Laspeyres, 1809- Acosmerycoides Mell, 1922- Acosmeryx Boisduval, 1874- Adhemarius Oiticica, 1939- Aellopos Hübner, 1819- Afroclanis Carcasson, 1968- Afrosataspes Basquin & Cadiou, 1986- Afrosphinx Carcasson, 1968- Agnosia Rothschild & Jordan, 1903- Agrius Hübner, 1819- Akbesia Rothschild & Jordan, 1903- Aleuron Boisduval, 1870- Altijuba Lachlan, 1999- Ambulyx Westwood, 1847- Amorpha Hübner, 1809- Ampeloeca Rothschild & Jordan, 1903- Ampelophaga Bremer & Grey, 1853- Amphimoea Rothschild & Jordan, 1903- Amphion Hübner, 1819- Amplypterus Hübner, 1819- Anambulyx Rothschild & Jordan, 1903- Andriasa Walker, 1856- Angonyx Boisduval, 1874- Antinephele Holland, 1889- Apocalypsis Butler, 1876- Arctonotus Boisduval, 1852- Atemnora Rothschild & Jordan, 1903- Autogramma Oiticica, 1946- Avinoffia Clark, 1929- Baniwa Lichy, 1981- Barbourion Clark, 1934- Basiothia Walker, 1856- Batocnema Rothschild & Jordan, 1903- Bergmania Bryk, 1946- Berutana Rothschild & Jordan, 1903- Cadiouclanis Eitschberger, 2007- Callambulyx Rothschild & Jordan, 1903- Callionima Lucas, 1857- Callosphingia Rothschild & Jordan, 1916- Calymnia Walker, 1856- Cautethia Grote, 1865- Cechenena Rothschild & Jordan, 1903- Cechetra- Celerio Oken, 1815- Centroctena Rothschild & Jordan, 1903- Cephonodes Hübner, 1819- Ceratomia Harris, 1839- Cerberonoton- Ceridia Rothschild & Jordan, 1903- Chaerocina Rothschild & Jordan, 1903- Chelacnema- Chloroclanis Carcasson, 1968- Cizara Walker, 1856- Clanidopsis Rothschild & Jordan, 1903- Clanis Hübner, 1819- Clarina Tutt, 1903- Cocytius Hübner, 1819- Coelonia Rothschild & Jordan, 1903- Coenotes Rothschild & Jordan, 1903- Coequosa Walker, 1856- Compsogene Rothschild & Jordan, 1903- Compsulyx Holloway, 1979- Craspedortha Mell, 1922- Cressonia Grote & Robinson, 1865- Cypa Walker, 1864- Cypoides Matsumura, 1921- Dahira Moore, 1888- Daphnis Hübner, 1819- Daphnusa Walker, 1856- Darapsa Walker, 1856- Dargeclanis Eitschberger, 2007- Degmaptera Hampson, 1896- Deidamia Clemens, 1859- Deilephila Laspeyres, 1809- Diludia Grote & Robinson, 1865- Dolba Walker, 1856- Dolbina Staudinger, 1887- Dolbogene Rothschild & Jordan, 1903- Dovania Rothschild & Jordan, 1903- Elibia Walker, 1856- Ellenbeckia Rothschild & Jordan, 1903- Enpinanga Rothschild & Jordan, 1903- Enyo Hübner, 1819- Erinnis- Erinnyis Hübner, 1819- Euchloron Boisduval, 1875- Eumorpha Hübner, 1807- Eupanacra Cadiou & Holloway, 1989- Euproserpinus Grote & Robinson, 1865- Eupyrrhoglossum Grote, 1865- Euryglottis Boisduval, 1874- Eurypteryx Felder, 1874- Falcatula Carcasson, 1968- Gehlenia Bryk, 1944- Giganteopalpus Huwe, 1895- Gnathothlibus Wallengren, 1858- Grammodia Rothschild & Jordan, 1903- Grillotius Rougeot, 1973- Griseosphinx Cadiou & Kitching, 1990- Gurelca Kirby, 1880- Gynoeryx Carcasson, 1968- Gynoeryx Guenée, 1865- Haemaris Dalman, 1816- Hayesiana Fletcher, 1982- Hemaris Dalman, 1816- Hemeroplanes Hübner, 1819- Heppneriana- Himantoides Butler, 1877- Hippotion Hübner, 1819- Hopliocnema Rothschild & Jordan, 1903- Hoplistopus Rothschild & Jordan, 1903- Hyles Hübner, 1819- 松天蛾屬 Hyloicus Hübner, 1819- Hypaedalea Butler, 1877- Hypaedalia Butler, 1877- Ihlegramma Eitschberger, 2003- Imber Moulds, Tuttle & Lane, 2010- Isognathus Felder & Felder, 1862- Isogramma Rothschild & Jordan, 1903- Isoparce Rothschild & Jordan, 1903- Kentrochrysalis Staudinger, 1887- Kloneus Skinner, 1923- Langia Moore, 1872- Laothoe Fabricius, 1807- Lapara Walker, 1856- Lepchina Oberthür, 1904- Leptoclanis Rothschild & Jordan, 1903- Leucomonia Rothschild & Jordan, 1903- Leucophlebia Westwood, 1847- Leucorhampha Rothschild & Jordan, 1903- Leucostrophus Rothschild & Jordan, 1903- Likoma Rothschild & Jordan, 1903- Litosphingia Jordan, 1920- Lomocyma Rothschild & Jordan, 1903- Lophostethus Butler, 1876- Lycosphingia Rothschild & Jordan, 1903- Maassenia Saalmüller, 1884- Macroglossum Scopoli, 1777- Macropoliana Carcasson, 1968- Madoryx Boisduval, 1875- Malgassoclanis Carcasson, 1968- Manduca Hübner, 1807- Marumba Moore, 1882- Megacorma Rothschild & Jordan, 1903- Meganoton Boisduval, 1874- Metamimas Butler, 1877- Micracosmeryx Mell, 1922- Microclanis Carcasson, 1968- Microsphinx Rothschild & Jordan, 1903- Mimas Hübner, 1819- Mioclanis Zhang, Sun & Zhang, 1994- Monarda Druce, 1896- Morwennius Cassidy, Allen & Harman, 2002- Nannoparce Rothschild & Jordan, 1903- Neoclanis Carcasson, 1968- Neococytius Hodges, 1971- Neogene Rothschild & Jordan, 1903- Neogurelca Hogenes & Treadaw, 1993- Neopolyptychus Carcasson, 1968- Nephele Hübner, 1819- Notonagemia- Nyceryx Boisduval, 1874- Oberthurion Clark, 1923- Odontosida Rothschild & Jordan, 1903- Oligographa Rothschild & Jordan, 1903- Opistoclanis Jordan, 1929- Oplerclanis Eitschberger, 2007- Orecta Rothschild & Jordan, 1903- Oryba Walker, 1856- Oxyambulyx Rothschild & Jordan, 1903- Pachygonidia Fletcher, 1982- Pachylia Walker, 1856- Pachylioides Hodges, 1971- Pachysphinx Rothschild & Jordan, 1903- Panogena Rothschild & Jordan, 1903- Pantophaea Jordan, 1946- Pantophaea Oiticica, 1946- Paonias Hübner, 1819- Paratrea Grote, 1903- Parum Rothschild & Jordan, 1903- Pentateucha Swinhoe, 1908- Pergesa Walker, 1856- Perigonia Herrich-Schäffer, 1854- Phanoxyla Rothschild & Jordan, 1903- Philodila Rothschild & Jordan, 1903- Pholus Hübner, 1819- Phryxus Hübner, 1819- Phyllosphingia Swinhoe, 1897- Phylloxiphia Rothschild & Jordan, 1903- Pierreclanis Eitschberger, 2007- Platysphinx Rothschild & Jordan, 1903- Poliana Rothschild & Jordan, 1903- Poliodes Rothschild & Jordan, 1903- Polyptychopsis Carcasson, 1968- Polyptychus Hübner, 1819- Praedora Rothschild & Jordan, 1903- Proserpinus Hübner, 1819- Protaleuron Rothschild & Jordan, 1903- Protambulyx Rothschild & Jordan, 1903- Protoparce Burmeister, 1855- Pseudandriasa Carcasson, 1968- Pseudenyo Holland, 1889- Pseudoangonyx Eitschberger, 2010- Pseudoclanis Rothschild, 1894- Pseudodolbina Rothschild, 1894- Pseudopolyptychus Carcasson, 1968- Pseudosphinx Burmeister, 1856- Psilogramma Rothschild & Jordan, 1903- Rethera Rothschild & Jordan, 1903- Rhadinopasa Druce, 1880- Rhadinopasa Karsch, 1891- Rhagastis Rothschild & Jordan, 1903- Rhodafra Rothschild & Jordan, 1903- Rhodambulyx Mell, 1939- Rhodoprasina Rothschild & Jordan, 1903- Rhyncholaba Rothschild & Jordan, 1903- Rothinjoa- Rufoclanis Carcasson, 1968- Sagenosoma Jordan, 1946- Sagenosoma Oiticica, 1946- Sataspes Moore, 1857- Smerinthulus Huwe, 1895- Smerinthus Latreille, 1802- Sphecodina Blanchard, 1840- Sphingidites Kernbach, 1967- Sphingonaepiopsis Wallengren, 1858- Sphingoneopsis Wallengren, 1858- Sphingulus Staudinger, 1887- 天蛾屬 Sphinx Linnaeus, 1758- Stolidoptera Rothschild & Jordan, 1903- Synoecha Rothschild & Jordan, 1903- Syzygia Grote & Robinson, 1865- Temnora Walker, 1856- Temnoripais Rothschild & Jordan, 1903- Tetrachroa Rothschild & Jordan, 1909- Thamnoecha Rothschild & Jordan, 1903- Theretra Hübner, 1819- Thibetia Joicey & Kaye, 1917- Tinostoma Rothschild & Jordan, 1903- Triptogon Ménétriés, 1857- Trogolegnum Rothschild & Jordan, 1903- Unzela Walker, 1856- Viriclanis Aarvik, 1999- Xanthopan Rothschild & Jordan, 1903- Xenosphingia Jordan, 1920- Xylophanes Hübner, 1819- Zacria Haxaire & Melichar, 2003

**參考資料**

**外部連結**
 天蛾科-  European Butterflies and Mothsfix-attempted=yes -  Sphingidae of the United States- Family  Sphingidae at Lepidoptera.pro-  Pictures-  Australian Museum Fact Sheet - Hawk Mothsdate=20090601235609 -   CATE-Sphingidae: a recently initiated project to produce a "one-stop shop" for Sphingidae taxonomydate=20130803032909 -  CSIRO: Australian Moths Online - Sphingidae-  ACG Sphingidae of Costa Rica images.-  List of Sphingidae Typesdate=20180421222633  (Museum Witt München).-  Flickrdate=20200529004159  Images, mosly excellent