戈多丁 (詩歌)

阿內林之書的一頁，記載了第一部分文本
《戈多丁》（lit=，發音：IPA|ə ɡɔˈdɔðɪn|）是一首中世紀的威爾士語詩歌，由一系列獻給布立吞王國戈多丁的人民及其同盟的輓歌組成。通常解釋他們犧牲於卡特里克之戰中，對抗德伊勒與伯尼西亞的盎格魯人。傳統上認為其為吟遊詩人阿內林所著，留世的抄本只有一本，稱為阿內林之書。
大多學者認為記載的這場戰役發生於600年左右，但成詩的日期很有爭議。一些學者認為，戰役後很短時間內，最初的口述版本就成形於“古老北地”（大不列顛北部講布立吞語的地區）。假定如此，該詩最初的語言就是當時該地區的通行的坎伯蘭語；它也就成了今蘇格蘭地區現存最古老的詩歌。但其他人則認為，《戈多丁》源於9或10世紀的威爾士。如果是9世紀的作品，就是最初的威爾士詩歌之一。
戈多丁覆蓋今蘇格蘭東南部和諾森伯蘭郡的領土，是“古老北地”的一部分，在羅馬時代叫做沃塔迪尼。這首詩描寫了300（或363）名精英勇士會集起來的過程，其中一些人甚至來自於遙遠的皮克特蘭和格溫內斯。在Din Eidyn（今愛丁堡）盛宴一年後，他們進攻了卡特里克（通常認為是北約克郡的卡特里克）。面對壓倒性的優勢，幾天的戰鬥後，幾乎所有的勇士都犧牲了。該詩內容不是敘事，但其氣概有如英雄詩，強調英雄們為了榮譽而戰鬥。
這首詩現存的手稿以部分中古威爾士語和部分古威爾士語寫成，時間追溯至13世紀下半葉。這份手稿裡有與戈多丁毫無關係的幾節詩，一般認為是添寫的。 其中一節提到了亞瑟王，如果能證明這一節出自6世紀末7世紀初，就可以作為已知最早的出處而極具重要性。

**註釋**

**參考資料**
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**外部鏈接**
 Colour facsimile of the Book of Aneirin from "Gathering the Jewels
*name=Y Gododin in Welsh and English translation by John Williams- The Book of Aneurin, original text and English translation by Skene- Edinburgh Castle, and comment on "Y Gododdin"