埃拉澤

埃拉澤（Elâzığ，eˈlazɯː）是土耳其東部的一座城市，為埃拉澤省的省會。埃拉澤市總人口323,420 (2009年)。整個城市位於一片高原之上，海拔1067公尺。
今日的埃拉澤的建立，是作為原來的歷史名城哈爾普特的延伸，因為哈爾普特位於山上，在冬季時交通非常不便。

**名稱**
在古代，在今日埃拉澤附近有一座古代亞美尼亞人所建立的城堡，是為哈爾普特城堡（Խարբերդ），意思就是“石建的城堡”。這座城堡是亞美尼亞的首批君主所建立，距離埃拉澤的市中心約五公里，鄰近阿拉臘山。
1866年，埃拉澤建市。1937年，該城市改用今名。

**歷史**
在幾個世紀以前，埃拉澤周邊地區便有居民定居。

**人口**

**經濟**

**地理及氣候**
埃拉澤位於一個48公里長的小谷地之中，當地的土耳其人稱之為Uluova，意思就是“大山谷”；而亞美尼亞人則稱之為Vosgetashd，意思就是「金色的平原」。

**著名人物**
 Rupen Zartarian - (d. 1915) 亞美尼亞裔作家，是Tlgadintsi的學生。- Mehmet Ağar — Former leader of the DYP- Vedat Dalokay — Turkish architect and a former mayor of Ankara- Reha Denemeç — Co-founder of the Justice and Development Party (AKP)- Kenan Çoban — Turkish actor, known as abdulhey in "Valley of the Wolves"- J. Michael Hagopian - Armenian-American documentary filmmaker- Hamastegh - (d. 1966) Armenian writer, student of Tlgadintzi- Dursun Karataş— Founder and leader of the Revolutionary People's Liberation Party–Front (DHKP-C) - Stephen P. Mugar - (d. 1982) Armenian-American businessman and entrepreneur- Shahan Natalie — (d. 1983), Armenian writer and principal organizer of Operation Nemesis- Catholicos Nerses IV — (d. 1173), Armenian church leader, theologian and writer - Erkan Oğur — Turkish Musician- Necati Şaşmaz — Star of the "Valley of the Wolves" TV series and the 2006 movie "Valley of the Wolves Iraq" - Raci Şaşmaz — Scriptwriter and producer of the "Valley of the Wolves" and other movies and TV series - Mümtaz Sevinç — Turkish actor- Tlgadintsi (Hovhannes Haroutiunian) - (d. 1915) Armenian writer    - Vahan Totovents - (d. 1938) Armenian writer, student of Tlgadintzi- Namık Kemal Yolga — Turkish Diplomat and statesman- Aşur Yusuf - (d.1915) Syriac Orthodox journalist and teacher at the Euphrates College

**旅遊景點**
埃拉澤市的名勝如下：- 哈爾普特城堡（Խարբերդ；Harput Kalesi）及歷史城區（Şehri）- 凱班水庫（Keban Baraj Gölü）：包括凱班水壩（Keban Baraj）及水力發電廠。- 哈札爾湖（Hazar Gölü）- 哈札爾巴巴滑雪中心（Hazarbaba Kayak Merkezi）- 埃爾祖魯姆帕拉多肯滑雪中心- 法拉特大學/幼法拉底大學（Fırat Üniversitesi；University of Euphrates）- Buzluk Mağarası (Buzluk Cave)- Çaydaçıra Halkoyunu- Ağın Kaplıcası- Museum of Archaeology and Ethnography- 清真寺及陵墓
** Ulu Camii: Built by Artuklu Sultan Fahrettin Karaaslan in 1156. It is one of the oldest and important structures in Anatolia
** Sarahatun Camii (also known as Sarayhatun Cami): Built by Sara Hatun, mother of Ak Koyunlu Sultan Bahadır Han (also known as Uzun Hasan), in 1465 as a small mosque. It was renovated in 1585 and 1843.
** Kurşunlu Camii: Built between 1738 and 1739 in Harput during the Ottoman era.
** Alacalı Camii
** Ağa Camii：1559年興建。
** 阿拉普巴巴清真寺及陵墓（Arap Baba Mescidi ve Türbesi）：Built during the reign of Seljuks Sultan Gıyaseddin Keyhüsrev III (Son of Kılıçarslan IV) in 1279. The shrine contains a mummified body which is known as Arap Baba among commons. 
** Fetih Ahmet Baba Türbesi (Shrine of Fetih Ahmed)
** Mansur Baba Türbesi

**圖庫**

**腳註**

**參考資料**
 cite book|title = Studies in Islamic History and Civilization; Article: Ma'mûrat al-Aziz, p. 342 ISBN 978-0-510-03200-5 |author=David Ayalon, Moshe Sharon|publisher=Brill Publishers|year=1986|language=en- cite book|title = Keban Project 1974-1975 Excavations; Article: The Village Settlement of Mumzuroğlu – Observations on Housing |author=Alpaslan Koyunlu |publisher=M.E.T.U.|year=1982|language=en

**外部鏈接**
  Municipality's official website date=20090721150619 -  Governor's official websitedate=19981111190751 -  Fırat University's official website -  Elâzığ Current Presentation Site date=20201030101622 -  Elâzığ Current Site-  Pictures of the city and many of nearby Harput date=20201126071229