寡家蟻屬

寡家蟻屬（學名：Carebara）又稱盲切葉蟻屬或重頭蟻屬 ，是家蟻亞科的一種屬。該屬包含了世界上最小的螞蟻 —— 原子盲切葉蟻（Carebara atoma）

**描述**
該屬是一個龐大的體系屬，擁有 234個有效物種（包括 9個化石物種）和 22 個亞種。

**習性**
該屬的物種幾乎遍佈全球，主要記錄在熱帶和亞熱帶地區。部分物種在土壤或白蟻的土丘中築巢，有些物種也會棲息在爛木中。盲切葉蟻屬的大多數物種的體型十分微小，並且常年居住在地底，主要以死昆蟲和其他無脊椎動物為食。
然而，一些物種是具有大規模掠奪習性的侵略性地面捕食者（俗稱行軍蟻，但不是真正意義上的行軍蟻），例如已經被撤銷的巨首蟻屬（Pheidologeton）。目前關於盲切葉蟻的行為學和生命週期的研究仍然有限。

**分類學**
該屬根據木盲切葉蟻（Carebara lignata）建立，同時也是該屬的模式種。它在成立初期被納入了一個獨立的亞科：Attidae，但該亞科現已撤銷。後來，該屬的分類學地位在族中經歷了幾次變化：- 火蟻族 Solenopsidini (Forel 1893)- 巨首蟻族 Pheidologetini Emery, 1914
** Small|巨首蟻屬群 Pheidologeton genus group
由於不同種姓和多態性的記錄不完整。以下分類被認為是盲切葉蟻屬的異名：
最終，基於對 11個基因的全面系統發育分析，該屬被納入了舉腹蟻族之下。
屬的級別的分類學變化已經取代了盲切葉蟻屬的一些早期區域修訂。此外，缺乏全面的修訂，尤其是對舊世界物種的修訂，給物種識別帶來了困難。為了解決這些問題，研究者對以下區域進行了研究：印度、沙特阿拉伯、非洲熱帶地區、巴西、馬達加斯加和澳大利亞。關於種團的研究最初集中在新大陸物種上，Fernández 回顧了美國物種，並根據工蟻種姓的形態提出了五個物種群。在舊世界，Bharti 和 Kumar 於2013年首次研究了盲切葉蟻屬的種群。他們將11個印度物種分為三組，基於 C. asina 的無眼小型工蟻將 C. concinna 種團與木盲切葉蟻種團（C. lignata species group）融合 。
Fischer 等人於2014年建立了 C. polita 種團，該種團與巨首蟻具有形態相似性，包括6個非洲熱帶物種和2個新熱帶物種。本研究還將巨首蟻屬與盲切葉蟻屬同義。後來 Fischer 等人於 2015年建立了 phragmotica 種團，Hosoishi 等人於 2022年提出了 acutispina 種團，但是這兩個種團都包括了C. phragmotic。

**毒性**
具有毒液。在泰國西部的一次田間調查中，一位收集者不小心被這個螞蟻蟄傷了。並在幾分鐘後內出現瘙癢的皮疹，並在兩天內出現水泡。
手在幾分鐘內出現紅疹（A）

**物種列表**
 Carebara aberrans (Santschi, 1937)- Carebara aborensis (Wheeler, 1913)- Carebara abuhurayri Sharaf & Aldawood, 2011- Carebara acuta (Weber, 1952)- 尖刺盲切葉蟻 Carebara acutispina (Xu, 2003)- Carebara adisaki Wimolsuthikul & Jaitrong, 2024- 近緣盲切葉蟻 Carebara affinis Jerdon, 1851 相鄰寡家蟻
** Carebara affinis javana Emery, 1893
** Carebara affinis minor Emery, 1900
** Carebara affinis spinosior Forel, 1911
** Carebara affinis sumatrensis Forel, 1913- Carebara afghana (Pisarski, 1970)- 非洲盲切葉蟻 Carebara africana (Forel, 1910)- Carebara alluaudi (Santschi, 1913)
** Carebara alluaudi cataractae Santschi, 1919- 阿爾珀特盲切葉蟻 Carebara alperti Fernández, 2010- Carebara alpha (Forel, 1905)- 高結盲切葉蟻 Carebara altinoda Xu, 2003- 阿美盲切葉蟻 Carebara amia Forel, 1913 阿美寡家蟻、阿美稀切葉蟻- 4=Carebara ampla Santschi, 1912- 安戈爾盲切葉蟻 Carebara angolensis (Santschi, 1914)- Carebara angulata Fernández, 2004- Carebara anophthalma (Emery, 1906)- †Carebara antiqua (Mayr, 1868)- Carebara arabara Fernández, 2010- Carebara arabica (Collingwood & Van Harten, 2001)- 4=Carebara armata (Donisthorpe, 1948)- Carebara arnoldi (Forel, 1913)- Carebara arnoldiella (Santschi, 1919)- 兇惡盲切葉蟻 Carebara asina Forel, 1902- 原子盲切葉蟻 Carebara atoma (Emery, 1900)- Carebara audita Fernández, 2004- Carebara bara Azorsa & Fisher, 2018- Carebara bartrumi Weber, 1943- 孟加拉盲切葉蟻 Carebara bengalensis Forel, 1902 孟加拉稀切葉蟻- Carebara beta (Forel, 1905)- Carebara bicarinata Santschi, 1912- 雙角盲切葉蟻 Carebara bihornata (Xu, 2003)- †Carebara bohemica (Novák, 1877)- Carebara borealis (Terayama, 1996)- Carebara bouvardi (Santschi, 1913)- Carebara brasiliana Fernández, 2004- Carebara brevipilosa Fernández, 2004- Carebara bruchi (Santschi, 1933)- 布氏盲切葉蟻 Carebara bruni Forel, 191- 4=Carebara butteli (Forel, 1913)- 卷鬚盲切葉蟻 Carebara capreola Wheeler, 1927
** 卷鬚盲切葉蟻滑頭亞種 Carebara capreola laeviceps- Carebara carinata Bharti & Kumar, 2013- 栗色盲切葉蟻 Carebara castanea Smith, 1858
** Carebara castanea augustata Santschi, 1920- 錫蘭盲切葉蟻 Carebara ceylonensis (Forel, 1911) 錫蘭寡家蟻- Carebara coeca Fernández, 2004- 平頭盲切葉蟻 Carebara colobopsis Hosoishi & Yamane, 2022- Carebara concinna (Mayr, 1867)- Carebara convexa (Weber, 1950)- Carebara coqueta Fernández, 2006- Carebara cornigera (Forel, 1902)寡婦盲切葉蟻（C. vidua）- Carebara crassiuscula (Emery, 1900)- 網紋盲切葉蟻 Carebara cribriceps (Wheeler, 1927)- Carebara crigensis (Belshaw & Bolton, 1994)- 彎刺盲切葉蟻 Carebara curvispina (Xu, 2003)- Carebara debilis (Santschi, 1913)- 齒盲切葉蟻 Carebara dentata Bharti & Kumar, 2013- 齒突盲切葉蟻 Carebara dentiviris- 4=Carebara deponens (Walker, 1859)- Carebara diabola (Santschi, 1913)- Carebara diabolica (Baroni Urbani, 1969)- Carebara distincta (Bolton & Belshaw, 1993)- 多樣寡家蟻 Carebara diversa Jerdon, 1851 全異盲切葉蟻
** 龍盲切葉蟻 Carebara diversa draco Santschi, 1920
** 全異盲切葉蟻老撾亞種 Carebara diversa laotina Santschi, 1920
** 全異盲切葉蟻麥氏亞種 Carebara diversa macgregori Wheeler, W.M., 1929
** Carebara diversa philippina Wheeler, W.M., 1929
** Carebara diversa standfussi Forel, 1911
** Carebara diversa taprobanae Smith, F., 1858
** Carebara diversa tenuirugosa Wheeler, W.M., 1929
** 全異盲切葉蟻威氏亞種 Carebara diversa williamsi Wheeler, W.M., 1929- Carebara donisthorpei (Weber, 1950)- Carebara dota Azorsa & Fisher, 2018- Carebara elmenteitae (Patrizi, 1948)- 細長盲切葉蟻 Carebara elongata Fernández, 2004- Carebara erythraea (Emery, 1915)- 4=Carebara escherichi (Forel, 1911)- Carebara fayrouzae Sharaf, 2013- Carebara frontalis (Weber, 1950)- Carebara globularia Fernández, 2004- 格氏盲切葉蟻 Carebara grandidieri (Forel, 1891)- 粒溝盲切葉蟻 Carebara granulatus- Carebara guineana Fernández, 2006- 般若盲切葉蟻 Carebara hannya (Terayama, 1996)- Carebara hornata Bharti & Kumar, 2013- 湖南盲切葉蟻 Carebara hunanenis Wu et Wang, 1995- Carebara inca Fernández, 2004- Carebara incerta (Santschi, 1919)- Carebara incierta Fernández, 2004- Carebara infima (Santschi, 1913)- Carebara intermedia Fernández, 2004- 雅氏盲切葉蟻 Carebara jacobsoni (Forel, 1911)- Carebara jajoby Azorsa & Fisher, 2018- Carebara jeanneli (Santschi, 1913)- 江西盲切葉蟻 Carebara jinagxiensis Wu et Wang, 1995- Carebara junodi Forel, 1904- 卡米盲切葉蟻 Carebara khamiensis (Arnold, 1952)- Carebara kofana Fernández, 2004- Carebara kunensis (Ettershank, 1966)- 滑頭盲切葉蟻 Carebara laeviceps Liu & Zhong, 2024- Carebara lamellifrons (Forel, 1902)- 郎氏盲切葉蟻 Carebara langi Wheeler, 1922- 寬結盲切葉蟻 Carebara latinoda Zhou & Zheng, 1997- Carebara latro (Santschi, 1937)- Carebara leei (Forel, 1902)- 木盲切葉蟻 Carebara lignata Westwood,1840 分類地位條目鏈接 = 模式種- 長頭盲切葉蟻 Carebara longiceps (Santschi, 1929)- Carebara longii (Wheeler, 1903)- Carebara lucida (Santschi, 1917)- 光亮盲切葉蟻 Carebara lusciosa (Wheeler,1928)- Carebara majeri Fernández, 2004- Carebara manni (Donisthorpe, 1941)- Carebara mayri (Forel, 1901)- 黑溝盲切葉蟻 Carebara melasolena Zhou et Zheng,1997- Carebara menozzii (Ettershank, 1966)- Carebara minima (Emery, 1900)- Carebara minuta Fernández, 2004- Carebara mjobergi (Forel, 1915)- 4=Carebara nana (Santschi, 1919)- 南寧盲切葉蟻 Carebara nanningensis- Carebara nayana (Sheela & Narendran, 1997)- †Carebara nitida (Dlussky & Perkovsky, 2002)- 諾福克盲切葉蟻 Carebara norfolkensis (Donisthorpe, 1941)- Carebara nosindambo (Forel, 1891)- Carebara nuda Fernández, 2004- 鈍齒盲切葉蟻 Carebara obtusidenta (Xu, Z., 2003)- Carebara octata (Bolton & Belshaw, 1993)- Carebara oertzeni (Forel, 1886)- 恩氏盲切葉蟻 Carebara oni (Terayama, 1996)- Carebara osborni Wheeler, 1922- 奧氏盲切葉蟻 Carebara overbecki (Viehmeyer, 1916)- Carebara paeta (Santschi, 1937)- Carebara panamensis (Wheeler, 1925)- 帕氏盲切葉蟻 Carebara patrizii Menozzi, 1927- Carebara paya Fernández, 2004- Carebara perpusilla (Emery, 1895)- Carebara peruviana (Emery, 1906)- Carebara petulca (Wheeler, 1922)- Carebara pilosa Fernández, 2004- Carebara pisinna (Bolton & Belshaw, 1993)- 光滑盲切葉蟻 Carebara polita (Santschi, 1914)- 多音盲切葉蟻 Carebara polyphemus (Wheeler,1928)- Carebara propomegata Bharti & Kumar, 2013- 擬亮盲切葉蟻 Carebara pseudolusciosa (Wu et Wang,1995)- 矮人盲切葉蟻 Carebara pumilia Fischer, Azorsa et Fisher, 2014- 斑點盲切葉蟻 Carebara punctata (Karavaiev, 1931)- 矮盲切葉蟻 Carebara pygmaea (Emery, 1887)
** Carebara pygmaea densistriata (Stitz, 1925)- 千里眼盲切葉蟻 Carebara qianliyan Terayama, 2009- Carebara raja (Forel, 1902)- Carebara rara (Bolton & Belshaw, 1993)- Carebara rectangulata Bharti & Kumar, 2013- 直背盲切葉蟻 Carebara rectidorsa (Xu, 2003)- Carebara reina Fernández, 2004- 紋頭盲切葉蟻 Carebara reticapita (Xu, 2003)- Carebara reticulata Fernández, 2004- Carebara robertsoni (Bolton & Belshaw, 1993)- Carebara rothneyi (Forel, 1902)- Carebara rugata (Forel, 1913)- 坂本盲切葉蟻 Carebara sakamotoi Terayama, Lin et Eguchi, 2012- 桑氏盲切葉蟻 Carebara sangi (Eguchi & Bui, 2007)- Carebara santschii (Weber, 1943)- Carebara sarasinorum (Emery, 1901)- Carebara sarita (Bolton & Belshaw, 1993)- Carebara satana (Karavaiev, 1935)- 邵氏盲切葉蟻 Carebara sauteri Forel, 1912 邵氏寡家蟻- Carebara semilaevis (Mayr, 1901)- Carebara sicheli Mayr, 1862- 西氏寡家蟻 Carebara silvestrii Santschi,1914 西氏盲切葉蟻- Carebara simalurensis (Forel, 1915)- Carebara similis (Mayr, 1862)- 4=Carebara sinhala Fischer, Azorsa & Fisher, 2014- Carebara sodalis (Emery, 1914)- †Carebara sophiae (Emery, 1891)- Carebara spinata Bharti & Kumar, 2013- Carebara stenoptera (Kusnezov, 1952)- 條紋盲切葉蟻 Carebara striata (Xu, 2003)- Carebara sublatro (Forel, 1913)- Carebara subreptor (Emery, 1900)- 蘇丹盲切葉蟻 Carebara sudanensis (Weber, 1943)- Carebara sudanica Santschi, 1933- Carebara sundaica (Forel, 1913)- Carebara tahitiensis (Wheeler, 1936)- 大埔盲切葉蟻 Carebara taiponica (Wheeler, 1928)- Carebara tana Azorsa & Fisher, 2018- Carebara taprobanae (Forel, 1911)- Carebara tenua Fernández, 2004- Carebara termitolestes (Wheeler, 1918)- Carebara thoracica (Weber, 1950)- †Carebara thorali (Théobald, 1937)- Carebara traegaordhi (Santschi, 1914)- 粗紋盲切葉蟻 Carebara trechideros Zhou et Zheng, 1997- †Carebara ucrainica (Dlussky & Perkovsky, 2002)- Carebara ugandana (Santschi, 1923)- Carebara urichi (Wheeler, 1922)- 紅盲切葉蟻 Carebara vespillo Wheeler, 1921- Carebara vidua Smith, 1858
** Carebara vidua fur Santschi, 1928- Carebara viehmeyeri (Mann, 1919)- Carebara villiersi (Bernard, 1953)- Carebara voeltzkowi (Forel, 1907)- Carebara vorax (Santschi, 1914)- Carebara weyeri (Karavaiev, 1930)- 惠勒盲切葉蟻 Carebara wheeleri (Ettershank, 1966)- Carebara wroughtonii (Forel, 1902)- 大和盲切葉蟻 Carebara yamatonis (Terayama, 1996)- 矢野盲切葉蟻 Carebara yanoi Forel, 1912 矢野寡家蟻- 增城盲切葉蟻 Carebara zengchengensis (Zhou, Zhao et Jia,2006)
**參考文獻 =