太平洋的探索

太平洋的探索是指人類對太平洋瞭解的過程。截至公元1200 年，幾乎所有的太平洋島嶼都有波利尼西亞人涉足，隨後又有船隻在東南亞沿海和西太平洋海域行駛。此外中世紀時，就有穆斯林商人通過航海來到中國南部和馬來群島。1512年，歐洲人首次來到太平洋，當時葡萄牙人來到太平洋西部。不久西班牙人也來到美洲太平洋沿岸。
1513年，西班牙探險家瓦斯科·努涅斯·德·巴爾沃亞穿越巴拿馬地峽並抵達太平洋沿岸。 1521年，葡萄牙航海家斐迪南·麥哲倫率領的西班牙探險隊首次橫渡太平洋。1815年，馬尼拉大帆船從墨西哥出發，橫穿太平洋抵達菲律賓。來自墨西哥和秘魯的其他探險隊又抵達北太平洋和南太平洋的各個群島。17、18世紀，荷蘭共和國、英國、法國、俄羅斯等歐洲列強也向太平洋派遣探險隊。

**參考文獻**

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