北美地質史

北美地質史是指從地球形成到史前時期開始時北美洲的地質以及北美洲陸地上的生物歷史。在古生代初期，現在的北美洲實際上位於南半球。
前寒武紀期間，北美出現了藍菌門生物。三疊紀時期，北美境內出現了恐龍。盤古大陸開始分裂後，北美開始向北和向西漂移。在侏羅紀後期，北美西部的洪泛區是異特龍屬、迷惑龍屬和劍龍屬等恐龍的家園。白堊紀期間，墨西哥灣變得越來越大，此時北美西部的沿海平原是埃德蒙頓龍屬、三角龍屬和暴龍屬等恐龍的家園。
新生代開始後，陸地上的哺乳動物越來越多。始新世期間，北美西部是小型原始駱駝、原始馬以及肉食性肉齒目動物的家園。漸新世期間，北美的氣候變冷，直到更新世時氣候才轉暖。此時北美大陸上的物種有劍齒虎亞科、真猛獁象、乳齒象屬和恐狼。人類通過西伯利亞和阿拉斯加之間的陸橋抵達北美。

**參考文獻**

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