瑪利亞·埃奇沃思

Edgeworthstown House
瑪利亞·埃奇沃思（Maria Edgeworth 5月22日）是一名英國-愛爾蘭作家，她是歐洲早期現實主義兒童文學作家之一，但也創作成人文學作品2014。

**生平**
她出生於英格蘭牛津郡黑博爾頓，是理查德·洛弗爾·埃奇沃思和安娜·瑪利亞·埃奇沃思（Anna Maria Edgeworth，原姓Elers，1743–1773）的第二個孩子。她的童年和母親一起在赫特福德郡伯克翰斯德的莊園（即Edgeworth House）裡度過。其母在1773年去世，父親續絃娶霍諾拉·斯尼德為妻。瑪利亞在1775年進入德比的一所女子學校讀書，1780年霍諾拉去世，父親再娶霍諾拉的姐妹伊麗莎白為妻。瑪利亞轉學至倫敦，1781年差點因眼睛感染而失明2015。她14歲回家照顧弟弟妹妹，由父親教授法律、經濟、政治、科學、文學知識，並開始和伯明翰月光社的學者們來往。
她逐漸成為愛爾蘭埃奇沃思鎮家族地產的管理人，業餘開始寫作，與凱瑟琳·韋爾茲利、莫伊拉伯爵夫人伊麗莎白·羅登等社會名流有來往。
1798年，父親娶弗朗西斯·安妮（Frances Anne）為妻。1800年開始，全家前往英格蘭各地旅遊，後又前往歐洲大陸，遊歷比利時、法國，直到1803年才回到家鄉。她又開始文學創作，寫成《The Absentee》、《Ormond》等愛爾蘭小說。她在當時是非常有名的作家，可以和簡·奧斯汀及沃爾特·司各特相提並論，她的收入甚至一度比他們還多。
1813年，她再次前往倫敦，結識拜倫和漢弗裡·戴維，隨後又和沃爾特·司各特成為好友，司各特的小說《威弗利》受她影響很大。1823年，她前往阿博茨福德莊園拜訪司各特，司各特為她介紹了周邊風景。次年，司各特回訪。

**晚年**
1841年像
她曾和經濟學家大衛·李嘉圖探討經濟學，受後者影響，她開始在埃奇沃思鎮推行科學的農業技術，以提升畝產、降低價格，並致力於提高當地窮人的生活水平。作為天主教解放的支持者，她還嘗試過不計教派地向村裡的孩子提供教育機會。愛爾蘭大饑荒發生時，她也致力於賑災，其作品《Orlandino》就是為了籌備賑災款而作。
威廉·哈密頓當選皇家愛爾蘭學院院長之後，瑪利亞是他的文學顧問，推動女性參與學院事務。1837年，哈密頓選她為榮譽院士2015。
1849年5月22日，瑪利亞突發心臟病去世。2015

**參考文獻**
 archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220228053448/https://books.google.com/books?id=mOKcQQAACAAJ- archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220228052832/https://books.google.com/books?id=B6VaAAAAMAAJ- archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220227162622/https://books.google.com/books?id=4fE9AAAAYAAJ- year= 2004- archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220407160805/https://books.google.com/books?id=quocyNYLbLcC- isbn=9780805768794- url-status=dead- Langdon, Alison Ganze. "The More Things Change: Maria Edgeworth’s “The Modern Griselda,"  The Year's Work in Medievalism 27 (2012).- archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220227162624/https://books.google.com/books?id=ONhXPb-nRu4C- cite web|last=Manly|first=Susan|title=Maria Edgeworth (1768-1849)|url=http://www.chawtonhouse.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/06/Maria-Edgeworth.pdf|work=Biographies of Women Writers|publisher=Chawton House Library|access-date=30 March 2015|date=2012|archive-date=2015-04-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402114955/http://www.chawtonhouse.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/06/Maria-Edgeworth.pdf- url-status=dead- archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220228052857/https://books.google.com/books?id=leEl8D9dfDkC- archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220228053546/https://books.google.com/books?id=xg_T1Cj3crkC- archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220417084835/https://books.google.com/books?id=-9bid5ktk48C- archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220227162632/https://www.houseofedgeworthsc.com/englishirishedgeworths.htm- archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220227162623/https://books.google.com/books?id=9K8xAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA323- archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220228053654/https://books.google.com/books?id=9K8xAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA595- archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220227162638/https://books.google.com/books?id=MEitiGoSHeMC- access-date=24 March 2015- archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211112111106/https://www.libraryireland.com/IrishPictures/Contents.php
**  Edgeworthstown date=20220227162625 - access-date=5 September 2015- archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220227162636/http://hockliffe.dmu.ac.uk/items/0098.html- archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220422020156/https://books.google.com/books?id=5VE4AQAAMAAJ&pg=PA1215- archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220523194035/https://books.google.com/books?id=ipo2AQAAMAAJ&pg=PA320- wstitle=Edgeworth, Richard Lovell- archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220227162621/http://www.nli.ie/pdfs/mss%20lists/040_Edgeworth.pdf- archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220227162630/https://www.askaboutireland.ie/reading-room/history-heritage/big-houses-of-ireland/edworthstown-house-co.-lo/edgeworth-collection/- archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220227162628/https://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/c/F50312

**外部鏈接**
 cname=Maria Edgeworth- Maria Edgeworth Collection. General Collection. Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library, Yale University.

**在線閱讀**
  name=Maria Edgeworth- author=yes- sname=Maria Edgeworth- id=2083- archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150317024438/https://ebooks.adelaide.edu.au/e/edgeworth/maria/